Seed42Lab/en-ud-train-pair · Datasets at Hugging Face

First, our experimental subjects lived in a large enclosure under conditions that allowed them to exercise all day long.

First, our experimental subjects lives in a large enclosure under conditions that allowed them to exercise all day long.

In our experimental setup, we attempted to more closely mimic non-avian theropod tail morphology, in which mass is distributed through a distally tapering tail.

In our experimental setup, we attempts to more closely mimic non-avian theropod tail morphology, in which mass is distributed through a distally tapering tail.

In addition, we reduced the total tail mass to 15% body mass from the 20% body mass used by Carrano and Biewener.

In addition, we reduces the total tail mass to 15% body mass from the 20% body mass used by Carrano and Biewener.

Thus, our study seems to have generated a more gradual and less pronounced change in the moment of inertia produced by the artificial tail, allowing experimental subjects to adjust to the posterior mass by adopting a more vertical position of the femur while standing.

Thus, our study seem to have generated a more gradual and less pronounced change in the moment of inertia produced by the artificial tail, allowing experimental subjects to adjust to the posterior mass by adopting a more vertical position of the femur while standing.

Interestingly, the femur kinematics during walking in our control-weight group resembles the results reported in the experimental subjects of Carrano and Biewener.

Interestingly, the femur kinematics during walking in our control-weight group resemble the results reported in the experimental subjects of Carrano and Biewener.

This suggests that their results could be partially explained as a response to the increased loading rather than to the displacement of the CoM.

This suggest that their results could be partially explained as a response to the increased loading rather than to the displacement of the CoM.

Due to the phylogenetic relatedness, extant birds have been used to inform functional aspects of non-avian dinosaur locomotion.

Due to the phylogenetic relatedness, extant birds has been used to inform functional aspects of non-avian dinosaur locomotion.

However, substantial differences in hindlimb morphology between these groups make difficult to assess the validity of inferences obtained from such studies.

However, substantial differences in hindlimb morphology between these groups makes difficult to assess the validity of inferences obtained from such studies.

One caveat, however, is that our approach uses tail reduction as the mechanism for CoM displacement despite it has been recently shown that the evolutionary change in CoM position was driven instead by forelimb enlargement [8].

One caveat, however, is that our approach use tail reduction as the mechanism for CoM displacement despite it has been recently shown that the evolutionary change in CoM position was driven instead by forelimb enlargement [8].

Nonetheless, this does not mean that tail reduction had no effect on CoM displacement, but that it was not the most important factor.

Nonetheless, this do not mean that tail reduction had no effect on CoM displacement, but that it was not the most important factor.

We argue that our experimental approach, although not perfect, was effective in displacing the CoM and recreating locomotor patterns expected in non-avian theropods.

We argues that our experimental approach, although not perfect, was effective in displacing the CoM and recreating locomotor patterns expected in non-avian theropods.

Thus, we expect that careful phenotypic manipulation of extant birds can open new avenues of experimental investigation into unexplored facets of dinosaur locomotor mechanics and energetics, providing a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between form and function in dinosaur evolution.

Thus, we expects that careful phenotypic manipulation of extant birds can open new avenues of experimental investigation into unexplored facets of dinosaur locomotor mechanics and energetics, providing a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between form and function in dinosaur evolution.

Now spanning six seasons and 60 episodes, with an average global viewership (from its most recent season) of 25.1 million viewers per episode (Shepherd, 2016), it has spawned five video games, a graphic novel adaptation, several companion books, two rap albums, a 28-city orchestral tour, a wide variety of tabletop games, toys, merchandise and mobile apps, and countless podcasts, fanfics and other fan-based creations.

Now spanning six seasons and 60 episodes, with an average global viewership (from its most recent season) of 25.1 million viewers per episode (Shepherd, 2016), it have spawned five video games, a graphic novel adaptation, several companion books, two rap albums, a 28-city orchestral tour, a wide variety of tabletop games, toys, merchandise and mobile apps, and countless podcasts, fanfics and other fan-based creations.

As such, the Game of Thrones storyworld represents a remarkably rich and challenging environment for fans old and new, who must negotiate an increasingly complex network of paratexts and intertexts in order to fully engage with its narratives.

As such, the Game of Thrones storyworld represent a remarkably rich and challenging environment for fans old and new, who must negotiate an increasingly complex network of paratexts and intertexts in order to fully engage with its narratives.

In this sense, fans of the series represent an emerging model for cultural consumption that should be carefully explored.

In this sense, fans of the series represents an emerging model for cultural consumption that should be carefully explored.

Transmedia systems, like that exemplified by Game of Thrones, are becoming increasingly prevalent (e.g., Star Wars, Harry Potter, The Walking Dead, the Marvel Cinematic Universe, etc); these systems demonstrate, in microcosm, the global challenge of managing the fire-hose flow of information in contemporary postdigital society.

Transmedia systems, like that exemplified by Game of Thrones, is becoming increasingly prevalent (e.g., Star Wars, Harry Potter, The Walking Dead, the Marvel Cinematic Universe, etc); these systems demonstrate, in microcosm, the global challenge of managing the fire-hose flow of information in contemporary postdigital society.

The study of how people, as fans, access and manage information within a transmedia system provides valuable insight that contributes not only to practitioners and scholars of the media industry, but to the wider context of cultural studies, by offering findings on this new model of the fan as consumer and information-user.

The study of how people, as fans, access and manage information within a transmedia system provide valuable insight that contributes not only to practitioners and scholars of the media industry, but to the wider context of cultural studies, by offering findings on this new model of the fan as consumer and information-user.

As a first step in defining the “transmedia fan”, the current project undertakes a comparative discourse analysis of online conversations of Game of Thrones fans.

As a first step in defining the “transmedia fan”, the current project undertake a comparative discourse analysis of online conversations of Game of Thrones fans.

Readers of the book series had long anticipated and dreaded the events of the “Red Wedding”, while fans of the show unfamiliar with Martin ’s narrative were largely taken unawares by the pivotal episode.

Readers of the book series has long anticipated and dreaded the events of the “Red Wedding”, while fans of the show unfamiliar with Martin ’s narrative were largely taken unawares by the pivotal episode.

Since the television series’ inception, writers at The AV Club have written two critical reviews for each episode:

Since the television series’ inception, writers at The AV Club has written two critical reviews for each episode:

As a pilot project, the current work takes the content of both comment threads — a corpus of approximately 5,600 comments — and analyzes each thread separately using a qualitative coding method aligned with constructivist grounded theory (Charmaz, 2006).

As a pilot project, the current work take the content of both comment threads — a corpus of approximately 5,600 comments — and analyzes each thread separately using a qualitative coding method aligned with constructivist grounded theory (Charmaz, 2006).

Through this analysis, a categorization of themes emerges illustrating tactics for negotiating intertexts and paratexts unique to each group of fans.

Through this analysis, a categorization of themes emerge illustrating tactics for negotiating intertexts and paratexts unique to each group of fans.

These themes fall under two broad categories:

These themes falls under two broad categories:

A comparison of categories and sub-categories between both groups provides preliminary findings to support an emergent model, or models, of the “transmedia fan”.

A comparison of categories and sub-categories between both groups provide preliminary findings to support an emergent model, or models, of the “transmedia fan”.

The present research represents a first step in exploring the impact of transmedia systems, as exemplified by Game of Thrones, through the study of fans.

The present research represent a first step in exploring the impact of transmedia systems, as exemplified by Game of Thrones, through the study of fans.

The Bernoulli family came originally from Antwerp, at that time in the Spanish Netherlands, but emigrated to escape the Spanish persecution of the Huguenots.

The Bernoulli family come originally from Antwerp, at that time in the Spanish Netherlands, but emigrated to escape the Spanish persecution of the Huguenots.

After a brief period in Frankfurt the family moved to Basel, in Switzerland.

After a brief period in Frankfurt the family move to Basel, in Switzerland.

He had two brothers, Niklaus and Johann II.

He have two brothers, Niklaus and Johann II.

Upon both of them entering and tying for first place in a scientific contest at the University of Paris, Johann, unable to bear the "shame" of being compared Daniel's equal, banned Daniel from his house.

Upon both of them entering and tying for first place in a scientific contest at the University of Paris, Johann, unable to bear the "shame" of being compared Daniel's equal, ban Daniel from his house.

Johann Bernoulli also plagiarized some key ideas from Daniel's book Hydrodynamica in his own book Hydraulica which he backdated to before Hydrodynamica.

Johann Bernoulli also plagiarize some key ideas from Daniel's book Hydrodynamica in his own book Hydraulica which he backdated to before Hydrodynamica.

Despite Daniel's attempts at reconciliation, his father carried the grudge until his death.

Despite Daniel's attempts at reconciliation, his father carry the grudge until his death.

Around schooling age, his father, Johann, encouraged him to study business, there being poor rewards awaiting a mathematician.

Around schooling age, his father, Johann, encourage him to study business, there being poor rewards awaiting a mathematician.

However, Daniel refused, because he wanted to study mathematics.

However, Daniel refuse, because he wanted to study mathematics.

He later gave in to his father's wish and studied business.

He later give in to his father's wish and studied business.

His father then asked him to study in medicine, and Daniel agreed under the condition that his father would teach him mathematics privately, which they continued for some time.

His father then ask him to study in medicine, and Daniel agreed under the condition that his father would teach him mathematics privately, which they continued for some time.

Daniel studied medicine at Basel, Heidelberg, and Strasbourg, and earned a PhD in anatomy and botany in 1721.

Daniel study medicine at Basel, Heidelberg, and Strasbourg, and earned a PhD in anatomy and botany in 1721.

He went to St. Petersburg in 1724 as professor of mathematics, but was very unhappy there, and a temporary illness in 1733 gave him an excuse for leaving St. Petersburg.

He go to St. Petersburg in 1724 as professor of mathematics, but was very unhappy there, and a temporary illness in 1733 gave him an excuse for leaving St. Petersburg.

He returned to the University of Basel, where he successively held the chairs of medicine, metaphysics, and natural philosophy until his death.

He return to the University of Basel, where he successively held the chairs of medicine, metaphysics, and natural philosophy until his death.

Two years later he pointed out for the first time the frequent desirability of resolving a compound motion into motions of translation and motion of rotation.

Two years later he point out for the first time the frequent desirability of resolving a compound motion into motions of translation and motion of rotation.

it resembles Joseph Louis Lagrange's Mécanique Analytique in being arranged so that all the results are consequences of a single principle, namely, conservation of energy.

it resemble Joseph Louis Lagrange's Mécanique Analytique in being arranged so that all the results are consequences of a single principle, namely, conservation of energy.

Bernoulli also wrote a large number of papers on various mechanical questions, especially on problems connected with vibrating strings, and the solutions given by Brook Taylor and by Jean le Rond d'Alembert.

Bernoulli also write a large number of papers on various mechanical questions, especially on problems connected with vibrating strings, and the solutions given by Brook Taylor and by Jean le Rond d'Alembert.

Together Bernoulli and Euler tried to discover more about the flow of fluids.

Together Bernoulli and Euler try to discover more about the flow of fluids.

In particular, they wanted to know about the relationship between the speed at which blood flows and its pressure.

In particular, they wants to know about the relationship between the speed at which blood flows and its pressure.

To investigate this, Daniel experimented by puncturing the wall of a pipe with a small open ended straw and noted that the height to which the fluid rose up the straw was related to fluid's pressure in the pipe.

To investigate this, Daniel experiment by puncturing the wall of a pipe with a small open ended straw and noted that the height to which the fluid rose up the straw was related to fluid's pressure in the pipe.

Soon physicians all over Europe were measuring patients' blood pressure by sticking point-ended glass tubes directly into their arteries.

Soon physicians all over Europe is measuring patients' blood pressure by sticking point-ended glass tubes directly into their arteries.

Taking his discoveries further, Daniel Bernoulli now returned to his earlier work on Conservation of Energy.

Taking his discoveries further, Daniel Bernoulli now return to his earlier work on Conservation of Energy.

Daniel realised that in a similar way, a moving fluid exchanges its kinetic energy for pressure.

Daniel realise that in a similar way, a moving fluid exchanges its kinetic energy for pressure.

A consequence of this law is that if the velocity increases then the pressure falls.

A consequence of this law is that if the velocity increases then the pressure fall.

Born in Tianjin with ancestry in Changzhou, Jiangsu province, Chao went to the United States with a Boxer Indemnity Scholarship in 1910 to study mathematics and physics at Cornell University, where he was a classmate and lifelong friend of Hu Shih, the leader of the New Culture Movement.

Born in Tianjin with ancestry in Changzhou, Jiangsu province, Chao go to the United States with a Boxer Indemnity Scholarship in 1910 to study mathematics and physics at Cornell University, where he was a classmate and lifelong friend of Hu Shih, the leader of the New Culture Movement.

He then became interested in philosophy, and earned a Ph.D. in philosophy from Harvard University in 1918 with a dissertation entitled "Continuity: Study in Methodology".

He then become interested in philosophy, and earned a Ph.D. in philosophy from Harvard University in 1918 with a dissertation entitled "Continuity: Study in Methodology".

Already in college his interests had turned to music and languages.

Already in college his interests has turned to music and languages.

He spoke German and French fluently and some Japanese, and he had a reading knowledge of ancient Greek and Latin.

He speak German and French fluently and some Japanese, and he had a reading knowledge of ancient Greek and Latin.

He served as Bertrand Russell's interpreter when Russell visited China in 1920.

He serve as Bertrand Russell's interpreter when Russell visited China in 1920.

In his My Linguistic Autobiography, he wrote of his ability to pick up a Chinese dialect quickly, without much effort.

In his My Linguistic Autobiography, he write of his ability to pick up a Chinese dialect quickly, without much effort.

Chao possessed a natural gift for hearing fine distinctions in pronunciation that was said to be "legendary for its acuity", enabling him to record the sounds of various dialects with a high degree of accuracy.

Chao possess a natural gift for hearing fine distinctions in pronunciation that was said to be "legendary for its acuity", enabling him to record the sounds of various dialects with a high degree of accuracy.

He returned to China in 1920, marrying the physician Yang Buwei there that year.

He return to China in 1920, marrying the physician Yang Buwei there that year.

Hu's account of it in the newspapers made the couple a model of modern marriage for China's New Culture generation.

Hu's account of it in the newspapers make the couple a model of modern marriage for China's New Culture generation.

Chao taught mathematics at Tsinghua University and, one year later, returned to the United States to teach at Harvard.

Chao teach mathematics at Tsinghua University and, one year later, returned to the United States to teach at Harvard.

He again returned to China in 1925, teaching at Tsinghua, and beginning a survey of the Wu dialects in 1926.

He again return to China in 1925, teaching at Tsinghua, and beginning a survey of the Wu dialects in 1926.

He began to conduct linguistic fieldwork throughout China for the Institute of History and Philology of Academia Sinica from 1928 onwards.

He begin to conduct linguistic fieldwork throughout China for the Institute of History and Philology of Academia Sinica from 1928 onwards.

During this period of time, he collaborated with Luo Changpei and Li Fang-Kuei, the other two leading Chinese linguists of his generation, to edit and render into Chinese Bernhard Karlgren's monumental Etudes sur la Phonologie Chinoise (published in 1940).

During this period of time, he collaborate with Luo Changpei and Li Fang-Kuei, the other two leading Chinese linguists of his generation, to edit and render into Chinese Bernhard Karlgren's monumental Etudes sur la Phonologie Chinoise (published in 1940).

He left for the US in 1938, and resided there afterwards.

He leave for the US in 1938, and resided there afterwards.

In 1945, he served as president of the Linguistic Society of America, and a special issue of the society's journal Language was dedicated to him in 1966.

In 1945, he serve as president of the Linguistic Society of America, and a special issue of the society's journal Language was dedicated to him in 1966.

He became an American citizen in 1954.

He become an American citizen in 1954.

From 1947 to 1960, he taught at the University of California at Berkeley, where in 1952, he became Agassiz Professor of Oriental Languages.

From 1947 to 1960, he teach at the University of California at Berkeley, where in 1952, he became Agassiz Professor of Oriental Languages.

Previously at the invitation of Premier Zhou En-Lai, Chao and his wife returned to China in 1973 for the first time since the 1940s.

Previously at the invitation of Premier Zhou En-Lai, Chao and his wife return to China in 1973 for the first time since the 1940s.

He visited China again between May and June in 1981 after his wife died in March the same year.

He visit China again between May and June in 1981 after his wife died in March the same year.

He died in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

He die in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

In 1758, his brother Pierre Joseph died at the age of six, and Pierre Charles became the eldest son.

In 1758, his brother Pierre Joseph die at the age of six, and Pierre Charles became the eldest son.

He studied art at the Royal Academy in the Louvre, as well as with his father at the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture.

He study art at the Royal Academy in the Louvre, as well as with his father at the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture.

He left school in France to enlist in the American Revolutionary War on the side of the rebelling colonials.

He leave school in France to enlist in the American Revolutionary War on the side of the rebelling colonials.

He arrived in 1777 at the age of 23, and served as a military engineer in the Continental Army with Major General Lafayette.

He arrive in 1777 at the age of 23, and served as a military engineer in the Continental Army with Major General Lafayette.

Despite his aristocratic origins, L'Enfant closely identified with the United States, changing his first name from Pierre to Peter when he first came to the rebelling colonies in 1777.

Despite his aristocratic origins, L'Enfant closely identify with the United States, changing his first name from Pierre to Peter when he first came to the rebelling colonies in 1777.

L'Enfant served on General George Washington's staff at Valley Forge.

L'Enfant serve on General George Washington's staff at Valley Forge.

While there, the Marquis de Lafayette commissioned L'Enfant to paint a portrait of Washington.

While there, the Marquis de Lafayette commission L'Enfant to paint a portrait of Washington.

He recovered and became a prisoner of war at surrender of Charleston, South Carolina on May 12, 1780.

He recover and became a prisoner of war at surrender of Charleston, South Carolina on May 12, 1780.

After the war, L'Enfant designed the badge of the Society of the Cincinnati, an organization of former officers of the Continental Army, shaped as an eagle, at the request of Washington.

After the war, L'Enfant design the badge of the Society of the Cincinnati, an organization of former officers of the Continental Army, shaped as an eagle, at the request of Washington.

Following the American Revolutionary War, L'Enfant established a successful and highly profitable civil engineering firm in New York City.

Following the American Revolutionary War, L'Enfant establish a successful and highly profitable civil engineering firm in New York City.

He achieved some fame as an architect by redesigning the City Hall in New York for the First Congress of the United States (See: Federal Hall).

He achieve some fame as an architect by redesigning the City Hall in New York for the First Congress of the United States (See: Federal Hall).

He also designed furniture and houses for the wealthy as well as coins and medals, including the insignia of the Society of the Cincinnati.

He also design furniture and houses for the wealthy as well as coins and medals, including the insignia of the Society of the Cincinnati.

His initiation took place on April 17, 1789, at Holland Lodge No. 8, F&AM, which the Grand Lodge of New York F&AM had chartered in 1787.

His initiation take place on April 17, 1789, at Holland Lodge No. 8, F&AM, which the Grand Lodge of New York F&AM had chartered in 1787.

L'Enfant took only the first of three degrees offered by the Lodge and did not progress further in Freemasonry.

L'Enfant take only the first of three degrees offered by the Lodge and did not progress further in Freemasonry.

He received his Ph.D. in Linguistics from the University of Michigan in 1961.

He receive his Ph.D. in Linguistics from the University of Michigan in 1961.

Fillmore spent ten years at The Ohio State University and a year as a Fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University before joining Berkeley's Department of Linguistics in 1971. [1]

Fillmore spend ten years at The Ohio State University and a year as a Fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University before joining Berkeley's Department of Linguistics in 1971. [1]

Fillmore received the 2012 Lifetime Achievement Award of the Association for Computational Linguistics. [3]

Fillmore receive the 2012 Lifetime Achievement Award of the Association for Computational Linguistics. [3]

He died in 2014. [4]

He die in 2014. [4]

Fillmore spent three years in the U.S. Army stationed in Japan, where he intercepted coded Russian conversations on short-wave radio and taught himself Japanese. [2]

Fillmore spend three years in the U.S. Army stationed in Japan, where he intercepted coded Russian conversations on short-wave radio and taught himself Japanese. [2]

Following his discharge, he taught English at a Buddhist girls' school while also taking classes at Kyoto University.

Following his discharge, he teach English at a Buddhist girls' school while also taking classes at Kyoto University.

He returned to the US, receiving his doctorate at the University of Michigan and then teaching at The Ohio State University in Columbus.

He return to the US, receiving his doctorate at the University of Michigan and then teaching at The Ohio State University in Columbus.

In 1963, his seminal article The position of embedding transformations in a Grammar introduced the transformational cycle.

In 1963, his seminal article The position of embedding transformations in a Grammar introduce the transformational cycle.

This principle has been a foundational insight for theories of syntax since that time.

This principle have been a foundational insight for theories of syntax since that time.

By 1965, Fillmore had come to acknowledge that semantics plays a crucial role in grammar. [6]

By 1965, Fillmore have come to acknowledge that semantics plays a crucial role in grammar. [6]

In 1968, he published his theory of Case Grammar (Fillmore 1968), which highlighted the fact that syntactic structure can be predicted by semantic participants.

In 1968, he publish his theory of Case Grammar (Fillmore 1968), which highlighted the fact that syntactic structure can be predicted by semantic participants.

Following his move to the University of California, Berkeley, in 1971, this theory eventually evolved into a broader cognitive linguistic theory called Frame Semantics (1976).

Following his move to the University of California, Berkeley, in 1971, this theory eventually evolve into a broader cognitive linguistic theory called Frame Semantics (1976).

A commercial event, for instance, crucially involved elements such as a seller, a buyer, some good, and some money.

A commercial event, for instance, crucially involve elements such as a seller, a buyer, some good, and some money.

Around the same time, Fillmore's Santa Cruz Lectures on Deixis, delivered in 1971 and published in 1975, contributed to establishing the field of linguistic pragmatics, which studies the relationship between linguistic form and the context of utterance. [7] [8]

Around the same time, Fillmore's Santa Cruz Lectures on Deixis, delivered in 1971 and published in 1975, contribute to establishing the field of linguistic pragmatics, which studies the relationship between linguistic form and the context of utterance. [7] [8]

In all of this research, he illuminated the fundamental importance of semantics, and its role in motivating syntactic and morphological phenomena.

In all of this research, he illuminate the fundamental importance of semantics, and its role in motivating syntactic and morphological phenomena.

This work aimed at developing a complete theory of grammar that would fully acknowledge the role of semantics right from the start, while simultaneously adopting constraint-based formalisms as popular in computer science and natural language processing.

This work aim at developing a complete theory of grammar that would fully acknowledge the role of semantics right from the start, while simultaneously adopting constraint-based formalisms as popular in computer science and natural language processing.

This theory built on the notion of construction from traditional and pedagogical grammars rather than the rule-based formalisms that dominate most of generative grammar.

This theory build on the notion of construction from traditional and pedagogical grammars rather than the rule-based formalisms that dominate most of generative grammar.

Their paper highlighted the merits of such a theory of by focusing on the'let alone' construction.

Their paper highlight the merits of such a theory of by focusing on the'let alone' construction.