The Kashmir Valley (Urdu: وادی کشمیر) or Vale of Kashmir is a valley between the Karakoram and the Pir Panjal Range. It was formed by the draining of the huge Karewa lake during a period of tectonic uplift. The Mughal Emperor Jahangir (1569–1627) called the Kashmir Valley a "paradise on earth". It is in the Indian administered state of Jammu and Kashmir. There are 10 districts in this administrative division. The valley is about  long and  wide.

Natural beauty
It was called Kaspeiria by the ancient Greeks. In classical literature Herodotus calls it Kaspatyrol.  Xuanzang, the Chinese monk who visited Kashmir in 631 AD called it Kia-shi-mi-lo.  Tibetans called it Khachal, meaning "snowy mountain".   It is and has been a land of rivers, lakes and wildflowers. The Jhelum River runs the entire length of the valley. The valley is isolated by snow-capped mountains on all sides. Lakes such as Dal Lake and nearby Nagin Lake have hundreds of houseboats. This is from the British Raj era when foreigners were not allowed to buy land here.  So they constructed large wooden houseboats to spend the summers in. This, in turn, has led to houseboat hotels. Many are decorated with wood carvings and Victorian era  furniture.

Dispute
India and Pakistan fought over the region in 1947–1948. Under the supervision of the United Nations the two agreed on a ceasefire along a line which left the Kashmir Valley under the administration of India. In 1972, India and Pakistan sign a peace treaty called the Simla Agreement. It said that in the future both would settle their differences peacefully. It also renamed the ceasefire line the Line of Control.

India claims the entire state including the Kashmir Valley to be part of India. Both the United States and the United Kingdom support turning the Line of Control into the border between India and Pakistan. India seems to go along with this while Pakistan is entirely against it.

India has sent large security forces to Kashmir over the years. Kashmir has remained one of the world's most militarized areas. In 1989 there was an armed uprising against Indian control. India blamed Pakistan and accused them of sponsoring terrorism.

In 1999 a third conflict arose over the area. Pakistani-backed forces infiltrated into Kashmir. While both armies have fired across the Line of Control, India has not sent troops into Pakistan. Tens of thousands of people have been killed so far in Kashmir.

Status quo
The majority of the population in the Kashmir Valley is Muslim. The economy is mainly farming but in recent years tourism has become an important industry. Neither India or Pakistan wants full-scale war (both have nuclear weapons). Neither wants the International sanctions that would surely come if there was a war.

Politics

Political parties
 Jammu and Kashmir Democratic Freedom Party (JKDFP). They were founded in 1998 and favor self-rule for Jammu and Kashmir.
 Jammu and Kashmir People’s Democratic Party (PDP). Founded in 1999 they are a separatist party that wants self-rule for Jammu and Kashmir.
 All Parties Hurriyat Conference (APHC). Founded in 1993, they are an alliance of 26 political, social and religious organisations in Kashmir who want to be ruled by Pakistan.
 Indian National Congress (INC). They are one of India's two major political parties. In the 2009 general election it formed a coalition majority to run the government.
 Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). They are the second largest party in India and are the Hindu-National party. They were in power from 1998 to 2004.
 Jammu and Kashmir National Conference Party (NCP). Founded in 1939 they were the leading party for several decades in Kashmir. They favor self rule.

Militant groups
 Jaish-e-Mohammed. They operate in Kashmir but are based in Pakistan. They want rule by Pakistan. The group has been banned in Pakistan since 2002 but still operate.
 Hizb-ul-Mujahideen. They are a militant group operating in Kashmir since 1989.
 Lashkar-e-Taiba. They have been responsible for a number of violent attacks including the Red Fort attacks in Delhi in 2000.  India believes they are responsible for the 2009 Mumbai attacks. They are largely non-Kashmiri. They operate in Kashmir but are based in Pakistan.

References

Category:Kashmir

Kashmir Valley


The Droste Effect is the name for a picture which contains a smaller image of itself, which in turn contains a smaller image of itself, etc.  It is named after an advertisement.  It is an example of recursion. In art, this is known as mise en abyme. In theory, the recursion goes on forever, but in practice, the number of recursions is limited by the resolution of the image. In practice, there are few iterations, until the size falls below 1 x 1 = 1 px. The reason for this is that this is a geometric progression, and each iteration reduces the size of the image.  It is a visual example of a strange loop, a self-referential system of instancing which is the cornerstone of fractal geometry.

References

Category:Recursion

Droste effect


Jasmine Guy (born March 10, 1962) is an American actress, director, singer and dancer. She is best known for playing Whitley Marion Gilbert in the 1987-93 sitcom A Different World. She also played Erica in K.C. Undercover.

For her work, Guy was nominated for and won 4 NAACP Image Awards for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series from 1990 to 1993.

Guy was born in Boston, but raised in Atlanta.

Sources differ on Guy's birthdate. Some sources say she was born in 1962. Other sources mention 1964.

References

Category:1962 births
Category:American television actors
Category:American stage actors
Category:American movie actors
Category:Actors from Boston, Massachusetts
Category:Actors from Atlanta, Georgia
Category:Living people

Jasmine Guy


The family Phylliidae (often misspelled 'Phyllidae') contains the living true leaf insects or walking leaves, which include some of the most remarkable leaf mimics in the entire animal kingdom. They occur from South Asia through Southeast Asia to Australia. There are different views about their taxonomy.

Characteristics
Leaf insects use camouflage to take on the appearance of a leaf. They do this so accurately that predators often aren't able to distinguish them from real leaves. In some species the edge of the leaf insect's body even has the appearance of bite marks. To further confuse predators, when the leaf insect walks, it rocks back and forth, to mimic a real leaf being blown by the wind.

They and stick insects go together in the Order Phasmatodea.

The scholar Antonio Pigafetta may have been the first to document the creature.  Sailing with Ferdinand Magellan's circumnavigational expedition, he studied and chronicled the fauna on the island of Cimbonbon as the fleet hauled ashore for repairs.

References

Category:Mimicry

pl:Liściec

Leaf insect


is a Japanese professional athlete.  He is best known as a football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|2003||rowspan="5"|Consadole Sapporo||rowspan="5"|J. League 2||16||1||2||0||18||1
|-
|2004||26||0||3||0||29||0
|-
|2005||38||2||1||0||39||2
|-
|2006||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2007||0||0||1||0||1||0
|-
|2008||rowspan="3"|Tochigi||Football League||30||0||2||1||32||1
|-
|2009||rowspan="4"|J. League 2||38||4||1||0||39||4
|-
|2010||||||||||||
|-
|2011||rowspan="2"|Mito Hollyhock||||||||||
|-
|2012||||||||||||
148||7||10||1||158||8
148||7||10||1||158||8
|}

References

Category:1983 births
Category:Living people
Category:Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture

Yuki Okada


The largest extinct animals known to date are listed here. They are arranged by their taxonomy (classification). The list only deals with individual animals; size of colonies (such as coral reefs) is not dealt with here.

Vertebrates

Fish
 Bony fish
The largest bony fish and the largest fish of all time was Leedsichthys problematicus from the Middle Jurassic, at around  long. Earlier claims have been scaled down.
 Cartilaginous fish

The extinct megatoothed shark, C. megalodon is by far the biggest and most powerful shark that ever lived. This giant shark reached a length of more than . Carcharocles megalodon has incredible bite power, despite a lower bite to mass ratio.

Reptiles

Turtles
The largest fossil turtle seems to be the freshwater turtle Stupendemys, with an estimated total carapace length of more than 11 feet (3.3 metres). A close contender is Archelon ischyros, a sea turtle, which reached a length of 16 feet (4.8 m) across the flippers and a weight of over 4,850 lb (2,200 kg). For comparison, the largest living turtle is the Leatherback Sea Turtle at a maximum 2000 lbs (900 kg).

Archosaurs
 Crocodiles
The largest known crocodilian is likely Sarcosuchus imperator at  long and weighing 8 tonnes. A close contender in size is Deinosuchus, also estimated at around .

Pterosaurs
The largest pterosaur was Quetzalcoatlus northropi, at 127 kg (280 lbs) and with a wingspan of 11 m (36 ft). Another close contender is Hatzegopteryx, also with a wingspan of 11 m (this estimate is based on a skull 3 m long (10 ft).

Dinosaurs
 Sauropods

Titanosaurs hold the world record for the size of a land animal. A recent discovery in the Argentine found Dreadnoughtus, an estimated length of 26 metres (85 feet) and weight of 59,291 kg (65.4 short tons). Its bones showed it was a sub-adult.

A notably large titanosaurid is Argentinosaurus, which is known from partially preserved remains. This sauropod has been estimated as  long and 73–99 metric tons in weight. The lack of skeletal material makes these estimates uncertain.

 Ornithopods

The very largest ornithopods, like Shantungosaurus were as heavy as medium-sized sauropods at up to 23 metric tons Lambeosaurus laticaudus appears to be close contender at around  in length.

 Theropods
The largest known theropod is Spinosaurus aegyptiacus, estimated at  in length and around 7–9 metric tons in weight. Spinosaurus aegyptiacus is also recognized as the largest terrestrial predator yet known.

A close contender in size is a giant theropod from South America, Giganotosaurus carolinii, whose holotype specimen is estimated at  in length, and another specimen is estimated at  in length. A study however presents Carcharodontosaurus as a close contender in size to Spinosaurus aegyptiacus. Some other notable giant theropods (e.g. Tyrannosaurus rex, Acrocanthosaurus, and Mapusaurus) may also have rivaled these giant theropods in size. Another very large theropod was Deinocheirus, being  tall at hips,
and weighing up to 16,000 pounds. The largest dromaeosaurid is Utahraptor. In addition to being the largest known dromaeosaurid, it was also the largest known deinonychosaur and the largest known paravian.
 Armoured dinosaurs
The largest thyreophoran was Ankylosaurus at  in length and 6.5 tons in weight. Stegosaurus was also 9 meters (30 ft) long but around 5 tons in weight.
 Ceratopsia
The largest ceratopsian known is probably the newly discovered Eotriceratops with a skull alone being  in length. Maximum size of this ceratopsian is suggested to be around  in length and 13 tonnes in weight.

Ichthyosaurs
The largest ichthyosaur was Shonisaurus sikanniensis at ~21 metres (70 ft) in length. This would make it the largest extinct marine animal. However, both Lilstock Monster and Aust Colossus may have both been larger than Shonisaurus.

Plesiosaurs
 Long-necked plesiosauridae
The largest plesiosaur was Mauisaurus haasti, growing to about 20 metres (66 ft) in length. Next behind was Elasmosaurus at 14 metres (46 ft) long.
 Pliosaurs
There is much controversy here. Fossil remains of a pliosaur nicknamed Predator X were excavated from Norway in 2008. It was about  in length and 41 metric tons in weight. However, in 2002, a team of paleontologists in Mexico discovered the remains of a pliosaur Monster of Aramberri, which is also estimated at  in length. However, this specimen is thought to be a juvenile, with evidence that it had been attacked by an even larger pliosaur. Some media claimed that Monster of Aramberri was a Liopleurodon this is unconfirmed.

Squamata
 Snakes
The largest known prehistoric snake is Titanoboa, estimated at  in length and 1135 kg–1819 kg in weight. Another large fossil snake is Gigantophis, estimated at around  in length. Both these snakes lived in tropical rain forests. In third place is an aquatic snake,  Palaeophis colossaeus, which may have been around  in length.
 Mosasaurs
Giant mosasaurs are the largest animals within this group. The largest known mosasaur is likely Mosasaurus hoffmanni, estimated at least  in length. A close contender in size is Hainosaurus bernardi, estimated at  in length. Another giant mosasaur is Tylosaurus, estimated at  in length.

Birds

The largest birds of all time might have been the elephant birds of Madagascar. Of almost the same size was the Australian Dromornis stirtoni. Both were about 3 m tall (10 ft). The elephant birds were up to 400 kg and Dromornis was up to 500 kg in weight. The tallest bird ever was the Giant Moa (Dinornis maximus) at 12 ft tall.

The largest flight-capable bird was Argentavis magnificens which had a wingspan of 7 m (~23 ft), and a body weight of 110 kg (244 lb), or Pelagornis sandersi with a wingspan of 6.4 to 7.4 metres.

Mammals

Whales

Basilosaurus was once recognized as one of the largest known extinct cetaceans at  in length.

The largest fossil toothed whale was the Miocene whale Livyatan melvillei which was estimated to be  in length. One notable feature of L. melvillei was its teeth which were 36 cm long and is unmatched by any other animal, extinct or alive.

However, the largest fossil whales were baleen whales (plankton feeders) from the Pliocene and Pleistocene Epochs. A notable example is the bones of a Pliocene age baleen whale, assigned the questionable name "Balaenoptera sibbaldina", which likely rivaled the modern blue whale in size.

Land mammals

The largest perissodactyl, and land mammal, of all time was Palaeoloxodon Namadicus. It stood 5.5 m (18 ft) tall at the shoulder, a total height of 8 m (27 ft), totally 12 m (40 ft) long and may have weighed 20 tonnes (22 tons), though mass estimates vary. Some prehistoric horned rhinos also grew to large sizes. The giant woolly rhino Elasmotherium reached 20 ft long and 6.6 ft high.

Invertebrates

Myriapoda

Millipedes (Diplopoda)
The largest by far was the giant Arthropleura. Measuring 2.5 metres (8.2 ft) and 45 centimetres (18 in) wide, it was the largest terrestrial arthropod of all time.

References

Category:Zoology
Category:Fossils
Category:Lists of animals

Largest extinct animals


Panama is divided into ten provinces (). There are three provincial-level indigenous regions (, often shortened to comarcas).

There are also two indigenous comarcas within provinces that are considered equivalent to a corregimiento (municipality).

Provinces

Sub-Provinces

Related pages
ISO 3166-2:PA

Notes

References

Provinces of Panama


Hockenheim is a German town in northwest Baden-Württemberg, about 20 km south of Mannheim. It is in the Upper Rhine valley on the tourist routes of the Baden Asparagus Route () and the Bertha Benz Memorial Route. The town is known for its motor racing circuit, the Hockenheimring.

Hockenheim is one of the six largest towns in the Rhein-Neckar-Kreis district. Since 1999, the population has exceeded the 20,000, and Hockenheim received the status of a regional central town () in 2001.

Geography

Location and environment
Hockenheim is in the Upper Rhine valley. It is on an old trade route that ran from Frankfurt to Basel. The river Kraichbach flows through the town, and divides Hockenheim in an eastern and a western area. Hockenheim covers 34.84 km². About 28.2 percent is used for settlement and transportation. About 47.5 percent is used for agriculture. About 2.3 percent of the area are waterways, and 21.1 percent are forests.

The town is divided into two large natural areas. The "Rheinaue" to the west and the "Niederterrasse" to the east. The "Hockenheimer Rheinbogen" is an area of the Rhine. 656 hectares of the area is a nature conservation.

Town structure
The central urban area forms one unit. It is divided into five districts for statistical reasons.

History
In 1984, an old brick kiln was found during an excavation in Hockenheim. The kiln had stamped bricks inside it from the Roman Empire. The Roman Legio XIV Gemina was near Mainz from 71 AD until 92 AD. The bricks indicate an early settlement in the Hockenheim area.

Hockenheim was first mentioned 769 as "Ochinheim" in a document of the Lorsch Codex (a list of early monastery gifts). The name "Hockenheim" was first used in official documents in 1238. During the Middle Ages, Hockenheim was owned by several local authorities.

In the 17th century, Hockenheim was severely destroyed twice by French troops. In 1644 during the Thirty Years' War, and in 1674 during the Franco-Dutch War. Tobacco was brought to the area by the French. During this time, the growing of hops started to be replaced with tobacco. In 1803 Hockenheim was merged into Baden. The tobacco crop grew well and prospered, and Hockenheim was awarded town rights on 22 July 1895.

At the beginning of the 20th century, asparagus growing replaced most of the remaining hops growing. On 29 May 1932 the Hockenheimring opened with a motorcycle race. In January 1973, Hockenheim was assigned to the new Rhein-Neckar-Kreis (district).

Politics
The town is led by the Lord Mayor (). The Lord Mayer is elected every 8 years by the population. This office has been held by Dieter Gummer (SPD) since 2004. The local council of Hockenheim consists of 22 members, and the Lord Mayor presiding the council.

In 1975 the Hockenheim government agreed upon a municipal association () with the neighboring villages Altlußheim, Neulußheim and Reilingen.

Coat of arms
Adopted in 1609, the coat of arms of Hockenheim has diagonally crossed silver hooks in a sign, below a crowned golden lion. The lion is the animal of the Electorate of the Palatinate, to which Hockenheim belonged; the hooks are probably derived from the place name. The form of the symbols was changed several times, but has been specified in its current form by municipal law since 1895.

Sport

The Hockenheimring, a motor racing course built in 1932. It has become on of the two home circuits of the Formula One German Grand Prix (the other is the Nürburgring). It has hosted this F1 event over 30 times since 1970.

Places of interest

A museum for tobacco cultivation (growing) was founded in 1984. It was the first of its kind in Baden-Württemberg. The motorsport museum opened near the Hockenheimring in 1986 with over 200 historical motorcycles and engines. The  was created in 1991 to host the State Horticultural Show. With an area of 16 ha, Hockenheim's largest park.

The town's water tower was built in 1910 in Art Nouveau. It is the landmark of the town. Other historic buildings include the Protestant town church, a 1906 Neo-baroque building by architect Hermann Behaghel, and the 1910 Catholic church, done in Art Nouveau with a high tower, by Johannes Schroth. The old Catholic church (1817), with a late Gothic choir tower in classical hall construction, serves as a community center today.

International relations

Hockenheim is twinned with:
  Commercy, France, since 1970
  Hohenstein-Ernstthal, Saxony, Germany, since 1990 (town in former East Germany before reunification)
   Mooresville, North Carolina, United States, since 2002.

References

Other website
 Bertha Benz Memorial Route

Category:Towns in Baden-Württemberg

Hockenheim


Dolliver is a city Emmet County of Iowa in the United States. The population was 66 at the time of the 2010 Census.

Sources

Category:Cities in Iowa

Dolliver, Iowa


Malaysia Airlines Berhad is the flag carrier airline of Malaysia. Its home base is Kuala Lumpur International Airport and its secondary hubs are Kota Kinabalu and Kuching. The airline is based in Greater Kuala Lumpur. It is a member of the Oneworld airline alliance.

In March 2014, Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 from Kuala Lumpur International Airport to Beijing Capital International Airport went missing with 239 people. It is believed the plane crashed. In July 2014, Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 from Amsterdam Airport Schiphol to Kuala Lumpur International Airport was shot down by a missile. That crash killed 298 people. Malaysia Airlines has been going through many problems after those 2 accidents.

Gallery

References

Category:Airlines of Asia
Category:Transport in Malaysia
Category:1946 establishments in Asia
Category:20th century establishments in Malaysia

Malaysia Airlines


Thelma Amelina Plumbe (born 21 December 1994) is an Australian singer, songwriter and guitarist. Her first album, Better in Blak, was released in July 2019. It peaked at No. 4 on the ARIA Albums Chart. At the ARIA Music Awards of 2019, she won Best Cover Art for Emilie Pfitzner's work. In January 2020, Plum became the highest ranking Indigenous Australian artist ever in the Triple J Hottest 100, when Better in Blak charted at No. 9.

Plum was born in Brisbane, Queensland and grew up in Delungra, New South Wales. She is a Gamilaraay woman.

On 16 March 2020, during the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic, it was made clear that Plum had tested positive to COVID-19. She was treated at a Brisbane hospital.

References

Other websites

Category:1994 births
Category:Living people
Category:Australian guitarists
Category:Australian pop singers
Category:Australian singer-songwriters
Category:Folk singers
Category:Indigenous Australian musicians
Category:Musicians from Brisbane
Category:Musicians from New South Wales

Thelma Plum


is a former Japanese football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|2006||rowspan="3"|Mito Hollyhock||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2007||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2008||0||0||0||0||0||0
0||0||0||0||0||0
0||0||0||0||0||0
|}

References

Category:1987 births
Category:Living people
Category:Footballers from Ibaraki Prefecture

Junya Kimura


The Federalist No. 55 is an essay by James Madison. It is the fifty-fifth of a collection called the Federalist Papers. It was published on February 13, 1788 under the pseudonym Publius, the name under which all The Federalist Papers were published. In this paper, Madison examines the size of the United States House of Representatives. It is titled, "The Total Number of the House of Representatives."

The paper discusses critics' objections to the relatively small size of the House of Representatives (sixty-five members). Madison notes that the size of the House will increase as population increases. In addition, he states that the small size does not put the public liberty in danger because of the checks and balances relationship the House of Representatives has with the state legislatures, as well as the fact every member is voted in by the people every two years.

References

Other websites

The Federalist No. 55 Text

Category:Democracy
Category:United States Constitution
Category:1788 works
Category:1788 in the United States

Federalist No. 55


Vittorio Emanuele Orlando (May 19, 1860 – December 1, 1952) was an Italian diplomat and political figure. He was born in Palermo, Sicily. His father, a landed gentleman, delayed venturing out to register his son's birth for fear of Giuseppe Garibaldi's 1,000 patriots who had just stormed into Sicily on the first leg of their march to build an Italian nation.

References

Other websites

Arlacchi, Pino (1988). Mafia Business. The Mafia Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, Oxford: Oxford University Press,
Dickie, John (2004). Cosa Nostra. A history of the Sicilian Mafia, London: Coronet,
Lauren, Paul G. (1988). Power And Prejudice: The Politics And Diplomacy Of Racial Discrimination, Boulder (CO): Westview Press,

Category:1860 births
Category:1952 deaths
Category:Deaths from natural causes
Category:Prime Ministers of Italy
Category:People from Palermo

Vittorio Emanuele Orlando


Bush Doctor is the fourth studio album from Peter Tosh. It was released in 1978. One of the songs on it is a duet with Mick Jagger on "Don't Look Back".

Category:1978 albums
Category:Reggae albums

Bush Doctor


Kamala Khan is a fictional character appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics. She first appeared in Captain Marvel #17 (November 2013). Khan is a 16-year-old Pakistani-American Muslim. She is from the suburbs of New Jersey. She can shapeshift. She was made by Sana Amanat, Steve Wacker, and G. Willow Wilson.

Category:Marvel Comics superheroes

Ms. Marvel (Kamala Khan)


is the capital city of Hokkaidō Prefecture in Japan. The port city is on the southwest part of the island of Hokkaidō and is the island's largest city.

The city has a famous snow festival in winter, it has a growing population of about 1,800,000 people.  Its area is . There are a lot of fish markets in Sapporo. A beer brand named "Sapporo" was named after this city. Ramen is a very popular food in Sapporo. The city has a subway system. A famous landmark is the clock tower in the center of the city. There are several universities here, including Hokkaido University. The nearby airport is called New Chitose Airport.

Events
1972 - The Winter Olympic Games was held in Sapporo.

Related pages
 Consadole Sapporo

References

Other websites

 City of Sapporo
 Sightseeing of Sapporo
 Sightseeing of Sapporo

Category:Olympic cities

Sapporo


Patrick Cutrone (; born 3 January 1998) is an Italian professional footballer. He plays as a forward for Serie A club Fiorentina, on loan from Premier League club Wolverhampton Wanderers.

He was found positive to COVID-19 on 14 March 2020.

Career statistics

Club

International

References

Category:1998 births
Category:Living people
Category:Italian footballers

Patrick Cutrone


Santa Cruz is a municipality in the Philippines. It is part of the province of Davao del Sur, on the island of Mindanao. There were about 91,000 people living in Santa Cruz in 2015.

The town is in the northern part of Davao del Sur. It is south of Davao City, the capital of the province. The municipality covers 6.7% of the total land area of Davao del Sur.

Santa Cruz is the oldest municipality in the province. It was founded on 5 October 1884, by Spanish explorers and missionaries. Most of the people in Santa Cruz today are either Muslim or Christian. The languages spoken in Santa Cruz are Cebuano, Tagalog, Mansakan, and English.

Barangays
Santa Cruz is divided into 18 barangays.

References

Other websites

Category:Settlements in the Philippines
Category:1884 establishments
Category:Establishments in the Philippines

Santa Cruz, Davao del Sur


Sister Mary T. Clark, RSCJ (October 23, 1913 – September 1, 2014) was an Americans educator and civil rights advocate. She was best known as a scholar of the history of philosophy, and was associated especially with Augustine of Hippo.

She was formerly the President of the American Catholic Philosophical Association of the Metaphysical Society of America, and of the Society for Medieval and Renaissance Philosophy. She also served on the Executive Committee of the Eastern Division of the American Philosophical Association. She served as a Visitor of Ralston College.

Clark died in Savannah, Georgia from natural causes, aged 100.

Other websites
 Manhattanville College
 The Society of the Sacred Heart
 Mary T. Clark on the De Trinitate of Augustine
 Augustine on Justice
 The Synthesis Tradition
 Neoplatonism and Christian Thought
 Personalism Revisited

Category:1913 births
Category:2014 deaths
Category:Deaths from natural causes
Category:American educators
Category:American civil rights activists
Category:American centenarians
Category:Writers from Georgia (US)

Mary T. Clark


Gifted education is a term for special ways to educate (teach) children who have been identified as gifted. There is no definition of a gifted student which everyone agrees on.

Gifted and talented education has a long history of thousands of years. Plato (c. 427–c. 347 BCE) was in favour of providing specialized education for intellectually gifted young men and women. In China's Tang Dynasty (580-618 CE), child prodigies were summoned to the imperial court for specialized education. Throughout the Renaissance, those who showed creative talent in art, architecture, and literature were supported by both the government and private patronage.

In 2011, the National Association for Gifted Children published a position paper that stated what a gifted student is. The word "gifted," describes people who demonstrate outstanding aptitude or competence in one or more domains. An "aptitude" is defined as an exceptional ability to learn or reason. "Competence" is defined as documented performance or achievement in the top 10 percent of the population.

References

Category:Giftedness

Gifted education


Bioturbation is the reworking of soils and sediments by animals or plants. It disturbs and changes sediment. Any animal living in the soil or on the bottom under water may disturb the sediment by moving it around. Burrowing, eating and defecation of sediment grains, building galleries (etc.) all disturb the sediment.

Common bioturbators include annelids ("ringed worms") such as oligochaetes, bivalves like mussels, clams, gastropods, holothurians.

Fossil sites with bioturbation do not leave traces of soft-bodied animals. In contrast, fossil sites with undisturbed sediment have given rise to important lagerstätten with many impressions of small soft-bodied invertebrates.

References

Category:Ecology
Category:Sedimentology

Bioturbation


Nepal has a unique culture. Its cultural heritage has developed over several thousands of years. It covers Nepal's many ethnic, tribal and social classes.

There are at least 92 living languages spoken in Nepal, though some studies list 123. Nepal's languages come from three major language groups: Indo-Aryan, Tibeto-Burman and indigenous. The official national language of Nepal is Nepali, written in Devanagari script. It is the first language of about half the country's population, and is used by people of most ethnic groups to communicate with each other.

Both Hinduism and Buddhism in Nepal date back more than 2000 years. The 2001 census recorded that 80.6% of the population was Hindu. Buddhism was practiced by about 11% of the population, although many people often practice their own mix of Hindu, Buddhist, and/or animist traditions. About 3.2% practice Islam. Another 3.6% of the population follows the native Kirant religion. Christianity is practiced officially by less than 0.5%.

Nepalese people have several festivals that they celebrate each year. The longest and the most important of these is Dashain. It is celebrated for 15 days, and is dedicated to the Hindu goddess Durga. Most festivals include dancing and music, as well as all kinds of local food.

Some Nepalese dances include:
Charya: popular among the Buddhist community
Kartik: started by King Siddhi Nasingh Malla in Kathmandu valley
Ghatu: popular among the Gurung and Magar communities at Gandaki Zone

Related pages
 Nepal at the Olympics
 Nepal national football team

Other websites
 Nepal Encyclopedia culture category

Culture of Nepal


Events

Up to 1900
 563 - Second inauguration of the Hagia Sophia, then a cathedral.
 640 - Pope John IV is elected.
 759 - China: Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu leaves for Chengdu, where he is hosted by fellow poet Pei Di.
 1294 - Pope Boniface VIII is elected, after the resignation of Pope Celestine V.
 1717 - A North Sea Christmas flood kills 11,500 people.
 1726 – Montevideo, the present-day capital city of Uruguay, is founded.
 1777 – James Cook reaches the island of Kiritimati, in present-day Kiribati.
 1811 - HMS Defence and HMS St. George sink in a storm off Denmark.
 1814 - The Treaty of Ghent ends the War of 1812.
 1818 – The famous Christmas carol Stille Nacht, Heilige Nacht (Silent Night, Holy Night), is performed for the first time in Austria.
 1851 - The US Library of Congress burns.
 1865 – The Ku Klux Klan is founded by Confederate veterans.
 1871 - The Opera Aida is first performed in Cairo.

1901  2000
 1906 - Reginald Fessenden transmits the first radio broadcast, consisting of a poetry reading, a violin solo, and a speech.
 1912 - A mining explosion in Hokkaido, Japan, kills 245 miners.
 1913 - In Calumet, Michigan, 73 Christmas party goers die in a stampede after "fire" was falsely yelled.
 1914 – World War I: The Christmas Truce begins.
 1924 – Albania becomes a Republic.
 1929 - An assassination attempt is made on President of Argentina Hipolito Yrigoyen.
 1939 - Pope Pius XII makes a Christmas appeal for peace, after the start of World War II.
 1942 - World War II: French monarchist Fernand Bonnier de La Chapelle assassinates Vichy admiral Francois Darlan in Algiers, French Algeria.
 1943 - World War II: Dwight D. Eisenhower becomes Supreme Allied Commander.
 1951 – Libya becomes independent, with Idris I as king.
 1953 – Tangiwai Disaster: After a volcanic eruption (of Mt. Ruapehu) on New Zealand's North Island, a train plunges into the Whangeahu river following a bridge collapse caused by the eruption, killing 153 people.
 1954 – Laos is officially declared independent.
 1964 - Flooding kills thousands of people in Southern India and Sri Lanka.
 1968 – Apollo 8, with Frank Borman, Jim Lovell and William Anders on board, orbits the moon, and take a spectacular photograph of the Earth.
 1971 - A Lockheed L-188 Electra crashes in the Peruvian rainforest, killing 91 people. The only survivor is then-17-year-old German Juliane Koepcke, who lost both her parents in the crash.
 1972 - Japan Airlines Flight 472, a Douglas DC-8, lands at Juhu Aerodrome, overshooting the runway, instead of landing at nearby Bombay Santa Cruz Airport.
 1973 - The District of Columbia Home Rule Act passes, allowing Washington, DC residents to elect their government.
 1974 – Cyclone Tracy devastates Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia, killing 71 people.
 1979 – The first European-made rocket Ariane is launched from French Guiana.
 1994 - Air France Flight 8969 is hijacked by terrorists on the ground; Over the course of three days, three passengers and four terrorists are killed.
 1997 - The Sid El-Antri massacre in Algeria kills between 50 and 100 people.
 2000 - The Texas Seven hold up a sports store in Irving, Texas.

From 2001
 2003 – Spanish police stop an attempt by ETA to detonate 50 kilogrammes of explosives at Madrid's Chamartin Station.
 2005 – Chad declares that it is in a state of war with Sudan, though denies that it has declared war.
 2008 – The Lord's Resistance Army, a Ugandan rebel group, begins a series of attacks on the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
 2013 - Queen Elizabeth II issues an official pardon to the mathematician Alan Turing (who had died in 1954). Turing was convicted of homosexuality at a time when it was illegal in the UK.
 2017 - Alberto Fujimori, former President of Peru, is pardoned for reasons relating to his ill health.
 2017 - Guatemala announces that, like the United States, it plans to move its Embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem.

Births

Up to 1800
 3 BC – Galba, Roman Emperor (d. 69)
 1166 – King John of England (d. 1216)
 1389 – John VI, Duke of Brittany (d. 1442)
 1475 - Thomas Murner, German poet and translator (d. 1537)
 1508 - Pietro Carnesecchi, Italian humanist (d. 1567)
 1588 – Constance of Austria, Queen of Poland (d. 1631)
 1597 - Honoré II, Prince of Monaco (d. 1662)
 1625 - Johann Rudolf Ahle, German composer, organist and theorist (d. 1673)
 1635 - Mariana of Austria (d. 1696)
 1679 - Domenico Sarro, Italian composer (d. 1744)
 1698 - William Warburton, English bishop (d. 1779)
 1724 - Johann Conrad Ammann, Swiss physician (d. 1811)
 1737 - Silas Deane, American politician (d. 1789)
 1745 – Benjamin Rush, American physician and founding father (d. 1813)
 1754 – George Crabbe, British poet and naturalist (d. 1832)
 1761 - Jean-Louis Pons, French astronomer (d. 1831)
 1762 – Selim III, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1808)
 1784 - Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna of Russia (d. 1803)
 1786 - Gregor MacGregor, Scottish soldier, adventurer and trickster (d. 1845)
 1787 - Prince William of Hesse-Kassel (d. 1867)
 1796 - Fernan Caballero, Spanish writer (d. 1877)
 1798 – Adam Mickiewicz, Polish poet (d. 1855)

1801  1900
 1809 – Kit Carson, American frontiersman (d. 1868)
 1810 – Wilhelm Marstrand, Danish painter (d. 1873)
 1818 – James Prescott Joule, British physicist (d. 1889)
 1819 - Antonio de Trueba, Spanish writer (d. 1889)
 1821 - Gabriel Garcia Moreno, President of Ecuador (d. 1875)
 1837 – Elisabeth of Bavaria, Empress of Austria (d. 1898)
 1837 - Cosima Wagner, wife of Richard Wagner (d. 1930)
 1843 – Lydia Koidula, Estonian poet (d. 1886)
 1845 – King George I of Greece (d. 1913)
 1854 - Jose Maria Reina Barrios, President of Guatemala (d. 1898)
 1863 - Enrique Fernandez Arbos, Spanish composer (d. 1959)
 1867 - Suzuki Kantaro, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1948)
 1868 – Emanuel Lasker, German chess player (d. 1941)
 1886 - Richard Teichmann, German chess player (d. 1925)
 1869 - Henriette Roland-Holst, Dutch poet (d. 1952)
 1872 - Adam Gunn, American athlete (d. 1935)
 1872 - Frederick Semple, American golfer and tennis player (d. 1927)
 1879 – Queen Alexandrine of Denmark (d. 1952)
 1881 – Juan Ramon Jimenez, Spanish writer (d. 1958)
 1882 - Hans Rebane, Estonian politician, diplomat and journalist (d. 1961)
 1887 - Louis Jouvet, French actor and producer (d. 1951)
 1888 - Michael Curtiz, Hungarian-American movie director (d. 1962)
 1892 - Ruth Chatterton, American actress, novelist and author (d. 1961)
 1893 - Harry Warren, American composer and lyricist (d. 1981)
 1894 - Georges Guynemer, French pilot (d. 1917)
 1896 – Jens Oliver Lisberg, Faroese law student and designer of the flag of the Faroe Islands (d. 1920)
 1897 - Koto Okubo, Japanese supercentenarian (d. 2013)
 1898 – Héctor Scarone, Uruguayan footballer (d. 1967)
 1900 - Joey Smallwood, 1st Premier of Newfoundland (d. 1991)

1901  1950
 1903 – Joseph Cornell, American artist and filmmaker (d. 1972)
 1904 – Joseph M. Juran, Romanian-born American engineer (d. 2008)
 1905 – Howard Hughes, American movie producer and inventor (d. 1976)
 1906 – Joseph Höffner, German cardinal (d. 1987)
 1907 – I. F. Stone, American journalist (d. 1989)
 1907 – John Cody, American cardinal and Archbishop of Chicago (d. 1983)
 1910 – Max Miedinger, Swiss typeface designer (d. 1980)
 1914 – Ralph Marterie, Italian-American trumpeter and bandleader (d. 1978)
 1914 – Herbert Reinecker, German writer (d. 2007)
 1917 – Kim Jong-suk, North Korean figure, mother of Kim Jong-Il (d. 1949)
 1919 – Pierre Soulages, French artist
 1920 – Franco Lucentini, Italian author and screenwriter (d. 2002)
 1922 – Ava Gardner, American actress (d. 1990)
 1923 – George Patton IV, American general (d. 2004)
 1924 – Mohammed Rafi, Indian playback singer (d. 1980)
 1924 – Lee Dorsey, American singer (d. 1986)
 1924 – Abdirizak Haji Hussein, 4th Prime Minister of Somalia (d. 2014)
 1927 – Mary Higgins Clark, American writer
 1928 – Manfred Rommel, German politician (d. 2013)
 1929 – Lennart Skoglund, Swedish footballer (d. 1975)
 1931 – Walter Abish, American author
 1931 – Lech Trzeciakowski, Polish historian (d. 2017)
 1931 – Mauricio Kagel, Argentine composer (d. 2008)
 1934 – Stjepan Mesic, former President of Croatia
 1937 – Félix Miéli Venerando, Brazilian footballer (d. 2012)
 1941 – Hans Eichel, German politician
 1941 – Andrzej Suski, Polish Roman Catholic bishop
 1943 – Tarja Halonen, former President of Finland
 1944 – Woody Shaw, American jazz trumpeter (d. 1989)
 1944 – Daniel Johnson, Jr., 25th Premier of Quebec
 1945 – Lemmy, British singer and musician (Motorhead) (d. 2015)
 1946 – Jeff Sessions, American politician, 84th United States Attorney General
 1948 – Frank Oliver, New Zealand rugby player
 1948 – Edwige Fenech, Italian actress
 1949 – Randy Neugebauer, American politician

1951  1975
 1954 - Gregory S. Paul, American author, illustrator and paleontologist
 1954 - Jose Maria Figueres, former President of Costa Rica
 1955 - Grand L. Bush, American actor
 1956 - Irene Khan, Bangladeshi lawyer (Amnesty International)
 1957 – Hamid Karzai, former President of Afghanistan
 1958 - Lyse Doucet, Canadian journalist and BBC News correspondent
 1958 - Philippa Whitford, Scottish politician
 1959 – Anil Kapoor, Indian actor
 1959 - Keith Deller, English darts player
 1960 - Glenn McQueen, Canadian-American animator (d. 2002)
 1960 - Carol Vorderman, English television host
 1961 – Ilham Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan
 1961 - Wade Williams, American actor
 1962 - David Cobb, American lawyer and politician
 1962 - Darren Wharton, English musician
 1963 - Caroline Aherne, English comedienne and actress (d. 2016)
 1963 - Mary Ramsey, American singer-songwriter
 1966 - Diedrich Bader, American actor
 1967 - Mikhail Shchennikov, Russian race walker
 1967 - Pernilla Wahlgren, Swedish singer and actress
 1968 - Choi Jin-sil, South Korean actress (d. 2008)
 1969 – Ed Miliband, British politician
 1969 - Mark Millar, British historian
 1970 - Amaury Nolasco, Puerto Rican actor
 1971 – Ricky Martin, Puerto Rican singer
 1972 - Richard Dutruel, French footballer
 1973 - Matt Passmore, Australian actor
 1973 – Stephenie Meyer, American writer
 1973 – Eddie Pope, American footballer
 1974 – Marcelo Salas, Chilean footballer
 1974 – Ryan Seacrest, American television host
 1974 - Thure Lindhardt, Danish actor

From 1976
 1978 – Yildiray Basturk, Turkish footballer
 1978 - Souleymane Diawara, Senegalese footballer
 1979 - Svetlana Pospelova, Russian athlete
 1979 – Chris Hero, American professional wrestler
 1980 – Stephen Appiah, Ghanaian footballer
 1981 – Dima Bilan, Russian singer
 1981 – Nneka, Nigerian singer
 1982 – Aiba Masaki, Japanese singer and actor
 1982 - Robert Schwartzman, American singer
 1984 - Austin Stowell, American actor
 1985 - Christina Schwanitz, German shot putter
 1986 - Ana Brenda Contreras, Mexican-American actress and singer
 1986 - Theodor Gebre Selassie, Czech footballer
 1986 - Kyrylo Fesenko, Ukrainian basketball player
 1986 - Riyo Mori, Japanese model
 1986 - Satomi Ishihara, Japanese actress
 1987 - Jane Summersett, American ice dancer
 1988 - Simon Zenke, Nigerian footballer
 1991 - Louis Tomlinson, English singer (One Direction)
 1992 – Melissa Suffield, English actress
 1993 - Mariya Nishiuchi, Japanese model, actress and singer
 1993 - Yuya Kubo, Japanese footballer
 2000 - Ethan Bortnick, American singer-songwriter, pianist and actor

Deaths

Up to 1900
 1257 - John I, Count of Hainault (b. 1218)
 1524 – Vasco da Gama, Portuguese explorer (b. 1469)
 1660 – Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange (b. 1631)
 1813 – Empress Go-Sakuramachi of Japan (b. 1740)
 1863 – William Makepeace Thackeray, British writer (b. 1811)
 1865 - Charles Lock Eastlake, English painter (b. 1793)
 1868 - Adolphe d'Archiac, French paleontologist and geologist (b. 1802)
 1869 - Edwin M. Stanton, American politician (b. 1815)
 1872 - William John Macquorn Rankine, Scottish physician and engineer (b. 1820)
 1873 – Johns Hopkins, American philanthropist and benefactor (b. 1795)
 1889 - Jan Jakob Lodewijk ten Kate, Dutch clergyman and poet (b. 1819)
 1893 - Robert Bentley, British botanist (b. 1821)
 1898 - Charbel Makhluf, Lebanese monk and priest (b. 1828)

1901  2000
 1914 – John Muir, Scottish-American naturalist and conservationist (b. 1838)
 1920 - Stephen Mosher Wood, American politician (b. 1832)
 1926 - Wesley Coe, American athlete (b. 1879)
 1930 - Eduard David, German politician (b. 1863)
 1934 - George W. P. Hunt, American politician, 1st Governor of Arizona (b. 1859)
 1935 - Alban Berg, Austrian composer (b. 1885)
 1938 - Bruno Taut, German architect (b. 1880)
 1941 - Siegfried Alkan, German composer (b. 1858)
 1942 - François Darlan, Prime Minister of France (b. 1881)
 1947 - Charles Gondouin, French rugby player (b. 1875)
 1957 – Norma Talmadge, American actress (b. 1894)
 1962 - Wilhelm Ackermann, German mathematician (b. 1896)
 1967 - Burt Baskin, American businessman (b. 1913)
 1971 - Maria Koepcke, German-Peruvian ornithologist (b. 1924)
 1977 - Juan Velasco Alvarado, Peruvian politician and military (b. 1910)
 1979 – Rudi Dutschke, German sociologist and student leader (b. 1940)
 1980 – Karl Dönitz, German admiral (b. 1890)
 1980 - Siggie Nordstrom, American actress and singer (b. 1893)
 1982 - Louis Aragon, French writer (b. 1897)
 1984 – Peter Lawford, British actor (b. 1923)
 1985 - Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith, American lawyer (b. 1904)
 1987 - M. G. Ramachandran, Indian actor, producer and author (b. 1917)
 1987 – Joop den Uyl, Dutch politician (b. 1919)
 1990 - Thorbjorn Egner, Norwegian author (b. 1922)
 1992 – Peyo, Belgian comic writer (b. 1928)
 1994 - Rossano Brazzi, Italian actor, singer, director and screenwriter (b. 1916)
 1997 - Toshiro Mifune, Japanese actor (b. 1920)
 1999 - Maurice Couve de Murville, Prime Minister of France (b. 1907)
 1999 – Joao Figueiredo, President of Brazil (b. 1918)
 2000 - Nick Massi, American singer and musician (b. 1935)

From 2001
 2002 - Kjell Aukrust, Norwegian author (b. 1920)
 2008 – Harold Pinter, British playwright (b. 1930)
 2008 - Samuel P. Huntington, American politician (b. 1927)
 2009 – Rafael Caldera, President of Venezuela (b. 1916)
 2010 – Elisabeth Beresford, British writer (b. 1926)
 2010 – Roy Neuberger, American banker (b. 1903)
 2010 – Eino Tamberg, Estonian composer (b. 1930)
 2011 – Johannes Heesters, Dutch-born entertainer, actor and singer (b. 1903)
 2012 - Richard Rodney Bennett, British composer (b. 1936)
 2012 - Charles Durning, American actor (b. 1923)
 2012 - Jack Klugman, American actor (b. 1922)
 2013 - Allan McKeown, English-American screenwriter and producer (b. 1946)
 2014 - Krzysztof Krauze, Polish movie director and screenwriter (b. 1953)
 2014 - Buddy DeFranco, American jazz clarinetist (b. 1923)
 2014 - Edward Greenspan, Canadian lawyer (b. 1944)
 2015 - Ron Jacobs, American basketball coach (b. 1942)
 2016 - Liz Smith, English actress (b. 1921)
 2016 - Richard Adams, English writer (b. 1920)
 2016 - Rick Parfitt, English musician (Status Quo) (b. 1948)
 2016 - Edwin Reinecke, American politician (b. 1924)
 2017 - Jerry Kindall, American baseball player (b. 1935)
 2017 - Heather Menzies, Canadian-American actress and model (b. 1949)
 2017 - Andrey Zaliznyak, Russian linguist (b. 1935)

Observances
 Christmas Eve (Western Christianity)
 Independence Day (Libya)

Category:Days of the year

December 24


Sandown is a small town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire.

Other websites

Category:Towns in New Hampshire

Sandown, New Hampshire


Pot is also a different (slang) word for marijuana (Cannabis).

A cooking pot is a vessel to cook in. It is often larger than a pan, and will be taller than it is wide.
Pots are used for boiling liquids, like soups or stew.

Category:Cookware and bakeware

Pot


Reginaldo Figueira de Faria (born 11 June 1937) is a Brazilian actor and movie director. He has appeared in more than 60 movies and television shows since 1952. He is known for his roles in Força de um Desejo and in O Clone.

References

Other websites

Category:1937 births
Category:Living people
Category:Brazilian movie actors
Category:Brazilian television actors
Category:Brazilian movie directors

Reginaldo Faria


Mother (マザー Mazā) was a video game sold only in Japan for the Family Computer (FC). They planned to sell the game in the USA, but Nintendo of America chose not to release it. This is because when they finished making it into English, the Super Nintendo Entertainment System was already being sold. The game was released on the Wii U Virtual Console in the USA in 2015.

Character list
 Ninten (ニンテン Ninten) (Also known as "Ken" (ケン Ken) in the MOTHER novel)
 Ana (アナ Ana)
 Loid (ロイド Roido)
 Teddy (テディ Tedi)
 Queen Mary (クイーン・マリー Kuīn Marī)
 Mama
 Papa
 Minnie
 Mimmie
 Mr Saturn
 Giygas

Other websites
 EarthBound IPM
 Starmen.net: Earthbound Zero
 Mother Party (Mother-jp.net): Mother (Japanese)

Category:1989 video games
Category:Nintendo Entertainment System games
Category:Mother series

Mother (video game)


DZAR (1026 kHz Metro Manila) branded as Sonshine Radio is an AM radio station airing news, public service, music and religious. It is owned and operated by Sonshine Media Network International. Its studio is located at the 3rd Floor, ACQ Tower (formerly Jacinta Building I/NBC Tower), Santa Rita Street, EDSA, Guadalupe Nuevo, Makati City (which is the former home of DZAM/Angel Radyo) and its transmitter is located in M. Sioson Street, Barangay Dampalit, Malabon City.

Webcast
 Live Stream (via Ustream)

Websites
 DZAR Sonshine Radio Website
 SMNI News Channel Website

Category:Filipino television stations

DZAR-AM


Flying fish are marine oceanic fishes of the family Exocoetidae. They are about 50 species, and they live worldwide in warm waters. They are noted for their ability to glide. They are all small, with a maximum length of about 45 cm (18 inches), and have winglike, rigid fins and an unevenly forked tail.

They do not fly actively: their fins do not flap. What they do is speed towards the surface and keep on going. When they leave the water they glide, sometimes for a surprising distance. It is generally thought to be an adaptation which helps them escape predators.

The earliest known flying fish were in the Middle Triassic.

References

Category:Teleosts

Flying fish


Events
 April 6 – Dutch sailor Jan van Riebeeck establishes a resupply camp for the Dutch East India Company at the Cape of Good Hope, and founded Cape Town.
 May 18 – Rhode Island passes the first law in North America making slavery illegal.
 May 29 – First Anglo-Dutch War opening battle fought off Dover between Lt.-Admiral Maarten Harpertszoon Tromp's 42 Dutch ships and 21 English ships divided into two squadrons, one commanded by Robert Blake and the other by Nehemiah Bourne.

Births
 March 3 – Thomas Otway, English dramatist (d. 1685)
 March 28 – Samuel Sewall, English-born judge (d. 1730)
 April 7 – Pope Clement XII (d. 1740)
 April 21 – Michel Rolle, French mathematician (d. 1719)
 December 9 – Augustus Quirinus Rivinus, German physician and botanist (d. 1723)
 December 25 – Archibald Pitcairne, Scottish physician (d. 1713)

Deaths
February 7 – Gregorio Allegri, Italian composer (born 1582)
June 21 – Inigo Jones, English architect (born 1573)
July 30 – Charles Amédée de Savoie, 6th Duc de Nemours, French soldier (born 1624)
August 22 – Jacob De la Gardie, Swedish soldier and statesman (bborn 1583)
August 23 – John Byron, 1st Baron Byron, English royalist politician (born 1600)
October 8 – John Greaves, English mathematician and antiquarian (born 1602)
October 20 – Antonio Coello, Spanish writer (born 1611)
November 4 – Jean-Charles de la Faille, Belgian mathematician (born 1597)
December 11 – Denis Petau, French theologian and historian (born 1583)
November 21 – Jan Brożek, Polish mathematician, physician, and astronomer (born 1585)
December 23 – John Cotton, founder of Boston, Massachusetts (born 1585)

1652


Lisa Roberts Gillan (born Lisa Roberts; January 1, 1965) is an American actress. She is the sister of actors Eric Roberts and Julia Roberts, and the aunt of actress Emma Roberts.
She is married to Tony Gillan.

Early life
Roberts was born in Decatur, Georgia. Her mother, Betty Lou Motes (nee Bredemus), was a one-time church secretary and real estate agent, and her father, Walter Grady Roberts, was a vacuum cleaner salesman. Roberts's parents, one-time actors and playwrights, met while performing theatrical productions for the armed forces and later co-founded the Atlanta Actors and Writers Workshop in Atlanta, Georgia off Juniper Street in Midtown; the two divorced in 1971. Her mother later married Michael Motes and had a daughter, named Nancy Motes, who was born in 1976. Roberts's father died of cancer when she was ten.

References

Other websites

Category:1965 births
Category:Living people
Category:American movie actors
Category:American movie producers
Category:Actors from Atlanta, Georgia
Category:People from Decatur, Georgia

Lisa Roberts Gillan


List of bridges in the United States is a work in progress.

Bayonne Bridge, joins New York and New Jersey
Brooklyn Bridge, in New York City
Clark Bridge, joins Illinois and Missouri
Goethals Bridge, joins New York and New Jersey
Golden Gate Bridge, in San Francisco, California
Manhattan Bridge, in New York City
Bataan-Corregidor Memorial Bridge, in Chicago, Illinois
Mackinac Bridge, in Michigan
Outerbridge Crossing, joins New York and New Jersey
Queensboro Bridge, in New York City
Rainbow Bridge, joins New York and Ontario, Canada
Thousand Islands Bridge, joins New York and Ontario, Canada
George Washington Bridge, joins New York and New Jersey
Williamsburg Bridge, in New York City
Zilwaukee Bridge, in Michigan

Related pages
 List of bridges

*
Category:United States-related lists
United States

List of bridges in the United States


Hell's Pit is the ninth studio album by American Horrorcore band, Insane Clown Posse. It was released on August 31, 2004. The producer of the album was Mike Puwal. The album was the final of the "Joker Cards" chapter of the Dark Carnival mythology. The album peaked at number 12 on the Billboard 200, peaked number 1 on the Top Independent Albums and peaked at number 1 on the Top Internet Albums.

References

Category:2004 albums
Category:Insane Clown Posse albums

Hell's Pit


Lokeren is a municipality in the Belgian province of East Flanders.

In 2007, 38276 people lived there.

It is at 51° 06 North, 03° 59 East.

References

Category:Municipalities of East Flanders

Lokeren


Oristano (Aristànis) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 31,687 people lived there. Its area is 84.57 km². It is 9 meters above sea level.

References

Other websites

Category:Communes of Sardinia

Oristano


Meet Bill (formerly known as Bill) is a 2008 comedy movie written and directed by Bernie Goldmann and Melisa Wallick and starring Aaron Eckhart and Jessica Alba.

Category:2008 movies
Category:2000s comedy movies
Category:English-language movies

Meet Bill


Naoki Takahashi (born 8 August 1976) is a Japanese football player. He has played for Albirex Niigata.

Club career statistics

|-
|1999||rowspan="7"|Albirex Niigata||rowspan="5"|J. League 2||20||1||3||1||0||0||23||2
|-
|2000||35||0||3||0||2||0||40||0
|-
|2001||40||1||4||0||2||0||46||1
|-
|2002||14||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||15||1
|-
|2003||6||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||9||0
|-
|2004||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||6||1||0||0||3||0||9||1
|-
|2005||20||0||1||0||4||0||25||0
141||4||15||1||11||0||167||5
141||4||15||1||11||0||167||5
|}

References

Category:1976 births
Category:Living people
Category:Footballers from Fukuoka Prefecture

Naoki Takahashi


Mudhal Mariyadhai is a 1985 Tamil feature movie directed by P. Bharathiraja. It starred Sivaji Ganesan and Radha in the lead with Vadivukkarasi, Ranjani, Aruna Mucherla, A. K. Veerasamy and Sathyaraj playing other significant roles. The film's score and soundtrack are composed by Ilaiyaraaja.

The film was critically well received upon release. It fetched Best Lyricist Award and Best Feature Film in Tamil Award for Vairamuthu and Bharathiraja  respectively at the 33rd National Film Awards. While the lead actors won their respective Filmfare Awards South in Best Tamil Actor and Best Tamil Actress category.

Kuyil role was first offered to Radhika, but she choose to do Swati Mutyam, which was offered to her at the same time.

The film was dubbed into Telugu under the title Aatma Bandhuvu. It is the last silver jubliee blockbuster of Sivaji as lead role.

Plot
The film commences with friends and family of an ailing village head, Malaichami (Sivaji Ganesan), gathered around him on his death bed. The plot then moves along in a series of flashbacks, featuring significant episodes of the dying man's life. These include the presence of a boatman's young daughter Kuyil (Radha) in his village. The protagonist is unhappily married to a bad or tempered wife by the name of Ponnatha (Vadivukkarasi), and seeks comfort in a friendship with Kuyil. The friendship raises eyebrows, and is socially awkward and complicated for both Malaichami and Kuyil.

Cast
 Sivaji Ganesan as Malaichami
 Radha as Kuyil (Voice-over by Raadhika Sarathkumar)
 Vadivukkarasi as Ponnatha
 Dipan as Sellakannu
 Ranjani as Sevuli (Voice-over by Usha Rajendar)
 Aruna Mucherla as Rasamma
 Ilavarasu as Photographer
 Janagaraj
 A. K. Veerasamy as Sengodan
 Sathyaraj as Mayilvaganam (former lover of Ponnatha)

Soundtrack
The music was composed by Ilaiyaraaja while the lyrics for songs were written by Vairamuthu. All the songs were well received. G. Dhananjayan in his book Pride of Tamil cinema – 1931 to 2013 wrote that the songs "helped tremendously in film's success".

Legacy
In a comedy scene from Thalattu Ketkuthamma (1992), Koundamani sings "Poongatru Thirumbuma" to impress his wife (Vijay Chandrika), Prabhu completes the lyrics after Goundamani has forgetten the lyrics. In a scene from Unakkaga Ellam Unakkaga (1999), Kundalakesi (Goundamani) lifts a huge stone similar to Sivaji's technique from the film to impress his lover. Vivek did a spoof of "Muthal Mariyathai" in the film Parthiban Kanavu (2003). In Mozhi (2007), Ananthakrishnan (Brahmanandam) will be seen watching "Poongatru" in television before getting disturbed by a cockroach.

The dialogue "Enaku oru unma therinjaaganum" (I need to know the truth) spoken by A. K. Veerasamy became popular. An unrelated series of same name also directed by Bharathiraja was aired on Kalaignar TV. R. Selvaraj, writer of this film has directed a film called Neethana Andha Kuyil in 1986 which was inspired from the line from the song "Poongatru". Another song "Rasave Unnai Nambi" has inspired a Ramarajan starrer of same name. In  Singam (2010), Pandu, Who came as a farmer intimated the dialogue,which gains a lot of interest towards the movie

Awards
33rd National Film Awards
 Best Feature Film in Tamil for Bharathiraja
 Best Lyricist for Vairamuthu

33rd Filmfare Awards South
 Best Tamil Actor – Sivaji Ganesan
 Best Tamil Actress – Radha

Cinema Express Awards
 1985 Best Tamil Film for Bharathiraja

References

Bibliography

Other websites

Category:Tamil-language movies

Muthal Mariyathai


Tobruk is a 1967 American World War II drama movie. It was directed by Arthur Hiller. Actors included Rock Hudson, George Peppard, Nigel Green, Norman Rossington, and Guy Stockwall. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.

Tobruk received an Academy Award nomination for Special Visual Effects in 1968.

References

Other websites

Category:1967 movies
Category:1960s drama movies
Category:American drama movies
Category:World War II movies

Tobruk (1967 movie)


Mühlenbarbek is a municipality of the district Steinburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.

Category:Municipalities in Schleswig-Holstein

Mühlenbarbek


Harry Junior "The Horse" Gallatin (April 26, 1927 – October 7, 2015) was an American professional basketball player and coach.  Gallatin played nine seasons for the New York Knicks in the NBA from 1948 to 1957, as well as one season with the Detroit Pistons in 1958.

In 1954 Gallatin led the NBA in rebounding, and was named to the All-NBA First Team.  Gallatin was named to the All-NBA Second Team in 1955. Gallatin played in seven NBA All-Star Games.  A member of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, he was also a member of the SIU Edwardsville Athletics Hall of Fame, the Truman State University Athletics Hall of Fame, the Missouri Basketball Hall of Fame, the Illinois Basketball Hall of Fame, the Mid-America Intercollegiate Athletics Association (MIAA) Hall of Fame, the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) Hall of Fame, and the SIU Salukis Hall of Fame.

Gallatin died from surgical complications in Edwardsville, Illinois, aged 88.

References

Other websites
BasketballReference.com: Harry Gallatin (as coach)
BasketballReference.com: Harry Gallatin (as player)

Category:1927 births
Category:2015 deaths
Category:Deaths from surgical complications
Category:New York Knicks players
Category:Detroit Pistons players
Category:Sportspeople from Illinois

Harry Gallatin


Agenda is a town in Ashland County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. There were 513 people living in Agenda as of the 2000 Census.  The town has an area of 89.5 square miles, says the United States Census Bureau.

References

Category:Towns in Wisconsin

Agenda, Wisconsin


Ford Granada was a car produced by Ford Motor Company from 1972 through 1985 (1994 in UK). The Third Generation Granada was only sold as a Granada in UK; it was essentially a badge-engineered version of the First Generation Ford Scorpio.

The first generation appeared in March 1972 with saloon and estate versions, some lower-end models were called the Consul.

The second generation launched in September 1977 with the same saloon and estate models and got a facelift in 1981.

The third generation arrived in May 1985 with a hatchback version only, it was sold as the Scorpio in Europe and the Granada in the UK, the Scorpio name was used as a trim level on higher-end versions in the UK. A saloon version was added in early 1990 and an estate in early 1992.

Granada
category:1970s automobiles
category:1980s automobiles

Ford Granada


Levi Day Boone (December 6, 1808 – January 24, 1882) served as mayor of Chicago, Illinois (1855–1856) for the American Party (Know-Nothings).

Boone was born near Lexington, Kentucky. He studied at Transylvania University.  He became a doctor.  Boone was married to Louise M. Smith. They had 11 children. In 1862, Boone was arrested and briefly held in Camp Douglas on suspicion that he had helped a Confederate prisoner to escape.

Boone first ran for mayor of Chicago in 1855.  He campaigned on a platform attacking Catholics and immigrants. After he was elected, he ordered the enforcement of a law against selling alcohol on Sundays -- but only in immigrant neighborhoods. On April 21, 1854, protesters, who did not like the bars being closed on Sudnays, fought with police, who supported Boone.  "One protester was killed and dozens wounded in the brief clash, but the resulting backlash destroyed Boone's political career."   Boone did not run for re-election in the mayoral election of 1856. Boone died on January 24, 1882 in Chicago, Illinois, aged 73.

References

Other websites
Inaugural Address
Boone Biography at Chicago Public Library

Category:1808 births
Category:1882 deaths
Category:Burials at Rosehill Cemetery
Category:Mayors of Chicago
Category:Politicians from Kentucky

Levi Boone


Melanie Ann Amaro (born 26 June 1992) is a recording artist from the British Virgin Islands. She won the first season of The X Factor USA. Amaro was born in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.

Category:Singers from Florida
Category:1992 births
Category:Living people
Category:British Virgin Islands

Melanie Amaro


The Song of Hiawatha is an epic poem written by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. It was first published in 1855. The poem was loosely based on the legends of Native American peoples. In 1857, Longfellow estimated that the work had sold 50,000 copies.

The Song is about Hiawatha and his beloved Minnehaha. It is set along the south shore of Lake Superior. The poem was very popular, but critics did not like it.

Composers and painters were inspired to create works based on the poem. A 2005 television movie was based on the poem.

Story
Hiawatha's birth is foretold by a "mighty" peace-bringing leader named Gitche Manito. A woman named Nokomis falls from the moon. Nokomis gives birth to Wenonah. She grows to be a beautiful young woman. Nokomis warns her not to be seduced by the West Wind. She does not listen to her mother, and Hiawatha is born.

Hiawatha has childhood adventures, falls in love with Minnehaha, slays the evil magician Pearl-Feather, invents written language, discovers corn, and other episodes. The poem closes with the approach of a canoe to Hiawatha's village. It contains "the Priest of Prayer, the Pale-face." Hiawatha welcomes him with joy.

The "Black-Robe chief" brings word of Jesus Christ. Hiawatha and the chiefs accept the Christian message. Hiawatha says good-bye to Nokomis, the warriors, and the young men. He says, "But my guests I leave behind me / Listen to their words of wisdom, / Listen to the truth they tell you." He endorses the Christian missionaries. He launches his canoe for the last time westward toward the sunset. Then he departs forever.

Gallery

Other websites
The Song of Hiawatha
Unabridged audiobook at LibriVox
2 short radio segments of Linen's writing from California Legacy Project Radio Anthology (scripts and audio) including San Francisco (in imitation of Hiawatha).
Rena N. Coen, “Longfellow, Hiawatha and some 19th century painters”, Papers Presented at the Longfellow Commemorative Conference, April 1-3 1982, National Park Service, Longfellow National Historical Site

Category:19th-century American poems
Category:Poems by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
Category:Epic poems

The Song of Hiawatha


Roseau is the capital city of the Caribbean island of Dominica. It is home to more than fourteen thousand people.

Category:National capitals in North America
Category:Dominica

Roseau (Dominican Creole: Wozo) is the capital and largest city of Dominica, with a population of 14,725 as of 2011.[1] It is a small and compact urban settlement, in the Saint George parish and surrounded by the Caribbean Sea, the Roseau River and Morne Bruce. Built on the site of the ancient Island Carib village of Sairi, it is the oldest and most important urban settlement on the island of Dominica.

It is on the west (leeward) coast of Dominica and has a combination of modern and colonial French architecture.

Roseau is Dominica's most important port for foreign trade. Some exports include bananas, bay oil, vegetables, grapefruit, oranges, and cocoa. The service sector is also a large part of the local economy. There are several private institutions registered in Dominica, like Ross University, Ballsbridge University, international university for graduate studies, All Saints University, New World University, Western Orthodox University.

There is a prominent diocese called Roman Catholic Diocese of Roseau.

Roseau


Howard Engel CM (April 2, 1931 – July 17, 2019) was a Canadian mystery writer and CBC producer. He was well known for his novel series of Benny Cooperman detective novels. Engel was a founder of Crime Writers of Canada. He was born in St. Catharines, Ontario.

Engel died of pneumonia on July 17, 2019 in Toronto at the age of 88.

References

Category:1931 births
Category:2019 deaths
Category:Deaths from pneumonia
Category:Television producers
Category:Writers from Ontario

Howard Engel


James Francis Kenney (born August 7, 1958) is an American politician. He is the 99th and current Mayor of Philadelphia. He was elected on November 3, 2015.

References

Category:Mayors of Philadelphia
Category:1958 births
Category:Living people
Category:US Democratic Party politicians

Jim Kenney


Clarksville is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Category:Cities in Iowa

Clarksville, Iowa


WrestleMania 21 was the twenty-first yearly WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It took place on April 3, 2005 at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California. The official theme song for the event was "Big Time" by The Soundtrack of Our Lives. The secondary theme song was "Behind Those Eyes" by 3 Doors Down. The tagline for WrestleMania 21 was "WrestleMania Goes Hollywood."

The event was a joint-promotion pay-per-view, featuring performers from the Raw and SmackDown! brands. The main match on the Raw brand was Triple H versus Batista for the World Heavyweight Championship, which Batista won by pinfall after executing a Batista Bomb. The main match on the SmackDown! brand was John "Bradshaw" Layfield versus John Cena for the WWE Championship, which Cena won after performing an FU. The featured matches on the undercard included The Undertaker versus Randy Orton, Kurt Angle versus Shawn Michaels, and the first ever Money in the Bank ladder match, which featured six participants from the Raw brand.

WrestleMania 21 was the first WrestleMania held at the Staples Center, but the fifth to take place in the Southern California metropolitan area (following WrestleMania 2, WrestleMania VII, WrestleMania XII and WrestleMania 2000). Tickets sold out in less than one minute for the event, making it the fastest ticket sell-out in the company's history as well as the fastest ticket sell-out at the Staples Center. The event drew a Staples Center record attendance of 20,193 people from 14 countries and 48 states and grossed more than $2.1 million in ticket sales, making it the highest grossing WWE event ever at the Staples Center, and the highest grossing of the five WrestleManias held in California. In addition to those in attendance, the event was seen by millions of fans in more than 90 countries.

Report

Background

The main feud heading into WrestleMania on the Raw brand was between Triple H and Batista for the World Heavyweight Championship. Batista won the 2005 Royal Rumble, last eliminating John Cena, earning the right to participate in the main event of WrestleMania 21 against the World Champion of his choice. In an attempt to persuade Batista to challenge WWE Champion John "Bradshaw" Layfield rather than Batista facing Triple H at WrestleMania, Triple H concocted a scheme to have Batista run over in a limousine resembling the one used by Layfield. Initially, Batista did not want help from Evolution and wanted to confront JBL by himself. Triple H insisted that Evolution accompanied Batista anyway, saving him from the oncoming limousine. Batista became aware of the plot while eavesdropping on fellow Evolution members and signed a contract guaranteeing him a match with World Champion Triple H at WrestleMania, thus leaving Evolution and officially turning face. Batista pretended to sign with the SmackDown! brand, giving Triple H and Flair the "thumbs up," but turned it into a "thumbs down" before attacking the pair. This lead to Batista's departure from the stable.

The main feud heading into WrestleMania on the SmackDown! brand was between John "Bradshaw" Layfield and John Cena for the WWE Championship. At No Way Out, Cena defeated Kurt Angle to earn a spot in the SmackDown! main event. As a result of Cena's win, he began a feud with WWE Champion John "Bradshaw" Layfield (JBL) and his Cabinet. In the feud, Cena lost his United States Championship to Cabinet member Orlando Jordan. The following week, JBL proceeded to "blow up" Cena's U.S. spinner version belt and reintroduce the traditional style belt.

A heavily promoted match for the event was an Interpromotional match between SmackDown! superstar Kurt Angle and Raw superstar Shawn Michaels. Their match stemmed from the Royal Rumble, the pay-per-view event two months before WrestleMania. At the Royal Rumble, Kurt Angle relentlessly attacked Shawn Michaels after Michaels had eliminated him from the Royal Rumble match. The next month at No Way Out, Angle lost a number one contenders match to John Cena, losing a spot in the SmackDown! main event at WrestleMania. The next night on Raw, Michaels told SmackDown! General Manager Theodore Long to inform Angle that he had challenged him to a match at WrestleMania. On the February 28 edition of Raw, after Michaels defeated Edge in a Street Fight, Angle attacked Michaels and accepted his challenge.

The other Interpromotional match on the card was between Randy Orton and The Undertaker, with Orton representing Raw and Undertaker representing SmackDown!. The feud first started on the March 7 edition of Raw when Orton challenged The Undertaker to a match at WrestleMania billed as "Legend vs. Legend Killer". Three days later on SmackDown!, Undertaker accepted Orton's challenge. On the March 14 edition of Raw, Jake "The Snake" Roberts, attempted to give Orton advice about his match with Undertaker at WrestleMania, but was RKOed when Orton was not cooperating. Later that week on SmackDown!, Orton and Undertaker had a contract signing for their match at WrestleMania. After both men signed, Orton told Undertaker that he has nothing but respect for him. Shortly afterwards, Orton slapped him and claimed that his 12-0 undefeated streak at WrestleMania, would soon be 12-1. The next week on Raw, Orton claimed that his confidence was at an all-time high, despite what happened on SmackDown! the week before. Afterwards, Orton turned heel and furthered his Legend killer gimmick by RKOing his then-girlfriend Stacy Keibler.

Another match on the card was the Money in the Bank ladder match between Chris Jericho, Christian, Chris Benoit, Edge, Kane, and Shelton Benjamin. The idea for the Money in the Bank match was introduced by Chris Jericho who proposed a six-man Ladder match, for the event in which the winner would receive a contract for a World title match at the place and time of his choosing. Raw General Manager, Eric Bischoff, booked the match at WrestleMania 21 soon after.

Event
Before the event went live on pay-per-view, a dark match was held. A 30-man Interpromotional Battle Royal, which featured: Booker T, Paul London, Heidenreich, Spike Dudley, Nunzio, Funaki, Doug Basham, Danny Basham, Orlando Jordan, Mark Jindrak, Luther Reigns, Scotty 2 Hotty, Hardcore Holly, Charlie Haas, Billy Kidman, Akio from SmackDown! and Simon Dean, William Regal, Tajiri, Rob Conway, Sylvain Grenier, Snitsky, The Hurricane, Rosey, Chris Masters, Viscera, Rhyno, Val Venis, Tyson Tomko, Maven from Raw. However, Booker T won the Battle Royal, as he eliminated Chris Masters.

Lilian Garcia sang "America the Beautiful" at the start of the event. The first televised match of the night was between Rey Mysterio and Eddie Guerrero. In the beginning of the match, Mysterio jumped over the top rope, knocking Guerrero down. Mysterio also attempted another aerial attack but was countered by Guerrero into a Powerbomb. Guerrero placed Mysterio into the Three Amigos and attempted a Frog splash but was unsuccessful. Following a Hurricanrana by Mysterio on Guerrero, Mysterio pinned Guerrero to win. After the match, both shook hands in the ring.

John "Bradshaw" Layfield and Orlando Jordan were then shown backstage talking about Layfield's match against John Cena. As Triple H and Ric Flair walked by, Triple H mocked Layfield. Layfield retaliated by advising Triple H to worry about losing the World Heavyweight Championship to Batista and assured him that John Cena would be unsuccessful at defeating him for the WWE Championship. Triple H then stated that only the end of the night would reveal who would still be champion.

The match that followed was the first Money in the Bank ladder match which featured Chris Jericho, Chris Benoit, Shelton Benjamin, Edge, Kane, and Christian with Tyson Tomko at ringside. The match contained many notable moments, including points where Jericho, Christian, Benjamin and Kane all jumped over the top rope to the outside of the ring to knock down multiple opponents. Another moment included Benjamin executing a T-Bone Suplex on Edge off the top of a ladder and later using an inclined ladder as a ramp to run up a standing and hit Jericho with a Clothesline maneuver. Benoit also executed a Diving headbutt from the top of a ladder onto Kane. In the conclusion to the match, Benoit climbed a ladder to attempt to retrieve the Money in the Bank briefcase hanging above the ring but was stopped by Kane who had also climbed the ladder. Benoit used repeated headbutts to knock Kane to the ground and attempted to retrieve the briefcase once more but was knocked down by Edge who hit him with a steel chair. Edge then climbed the ladder and successfully obtained possession of the briefcase to win the match.

In an interlude, Eugene entered the ring and shared his excitement about being at his first WrestleMania with the crowd in attendance. While attempting to recall his favorite WrestleMania moments, Muhammad Hassan and Daivari interrupted him with Hassan expressing his outrage for not being included in a match for the event. Hassan concluded that since he was not scheduled to compete at the event and was therefore denied the opportunity to experience his own WrestleMania "moment", he would have to create a "moment" of his own. Following this remark, Hassan and Daivary began to assault Eugene. With Eugene placed into a Camel clutch hold while Daivari verbally attacked him, Hulk Hogan came down to the ring to save Eugene from the assault, knocking Hassan and Daivary out of the ring. Hogan celebrated posing in the ring for the crowd.

The third match featured The Undertaker and Randy Orton. Bob Orton, Randy's father and ringside manager, interfered and attacked Undertaker with his arm cast resulting in Randy Orton gaining control of the match. Undertaker attempted to chokeslam Orton, but Orton countered the maneuver with an RKO that led to a two-count. Orton then attempted to use Undertaker's own finishing maneuver against him with the Tombstone piledriver, however, it was reversed by Undertaker into Tombstone piledriver of his own which led to the definitive pin fall. The Undertaker won the match and continued his undefeated streak at WrestleMania with a 13-0 record.

The next match was for the WWE Women's Championship, between Trish Stratus and Christy Hemme with Lita at ringside. Stratus controlled most of the match though Hemme attempted many pinning maneuvers that were unsuccessful. Hemme then executed a Twist of fate on Stratus and attempted another pin, which was also unsuccessful. After a Roll-up attempt by both Stratus and Hemme, Stratus hit Hemme with a Chick kick and followed it with the decisive pin, thus winning the match and retaining the WWE Women's Championship.

The fifth match was the encounter of Shawn Michaels and Kurt Angle. Mid-way in the match, Michaels hit Angle with low blow, after he countered a suplex attack from Angle. Following the low blow, which was not seen by the referee, Michaels leapfrogged from the ring and laid out Angle onto the announce table. Angle would then gain control of the match, as he would apply the Ankle Lock on Michaels, forcing him to submit, thus Angle winning the match.

The next match was between Akebono and The Big Show in a Sumo Match. The match went for a minute and Akebono won the match after he threw The Big Show out of the ring, thus winning the Sumo Match.

The next match was John Cena vs. John "Bradshaw" Layfield for the WWE Championship. The match was dominated a lot by JBL. At the end Cena would win the match and the WWE Championship after ducking a Clothesline from Hell attempt from JBL into an FU and pinning JBL to become the WWE Champion.

The eighth and final match of the night was Triple H defending his World Heavyweight Championship against Batista. The match was dominated a lot by both men. At the end Batista would pin Triple H after a Batista Bomb and would win the World Heavyweight Championship.

Aftermath
Batista and Triple H's feud would continue. It would continue to Backlash where Batista and Triple H had a rematch for the World Heavyweight Title. Batista won the match after a Batista Bomb out of a corner. Following that, the two concluded their rivalry at Vengeance where Batista scored the third and final win over his former mentor inside Hell in a Cell. Shortly thereafter, Batista was drafted to the SmackDown brand, and Triple H opted to take time off.

John Cena and JBL's feud would continue until Judgment Day where Cena and JBL would have a rematch for the WWE Championship in an "I Quit" match, which Cena won after he was going to hit JBL with an exhaust pipe but made JBL say "I Quit" instead. After Judgment Day Cena and JBL's feud ended. Cena was subsequently drafted to the Raw brand shortly after.

Promotion
In line with the event's location and tagline, WrestleMania 21 was promoted on television with a series of parody movie trailers with wrestlers playing the starring roles from famous modern movies.
Forrest Gump featuring  Eugene playing the role of Tom Hanks, with William Regal making a cameo appearance.
Braveheart featuring Triple H playing the role of Mel Gibson, with Ric Flair making a cameo appearance.
Basic Instinct featuring Stacy Keibler, Chris Benoit, Chris Jericho, and Christian playing the roles of Sharon Stone and the interrogators, with The Fabulous Moolah and Mae Young making a cameo appearance.
Pulp Fiction featuring Eddie Guerrero and Booker T playing the roles of John Travolta and Samuel L. Jackson.
A Few Good Men featuring John Cena and John "Bradshaw" Layfield playing the roles of Tom Cruise and Jack Nicholson, with Jonathan Coachman making a cameo appearance.
Dirty Harry featuring The Undertaker playing the role of Clint Eastwood.
When Harry Met Sally... featuring Kurt Angle and Christy Hemme playing the roles of Billy Crystal and Meg Ryan, with Linda McMahon making a cameo appearance.
Taxi Driver featuring Heidenreich, Batista, Shawn Michaels, Rey Mysterio, Shelton Benjamin, Doug Basham, Danny Basham, The Big Show, Candice Michelle, Carlito Caribbean Cool, Tajiri, Orlando Jordan, Joy Giovanni, Gene Snitsky, Paul London, Tazz, Chavo Guerrero, Hardcore Holly, Molly Holly, Funaki, and Michael Cole, performing their unique versions of Robert De Niro's "You talkin' to me?" line.
Gladiator with Stone Cold Steve Austin playing the role of Russell Crowe, airing as part of the opening video for the event.

Results

Dark match: Booker T won a 30-man Interpromotional Battle Royal featuring: Paul London, Heidenreich, Spike Dudley, Nunzio, Funaki, Doug Basham, Danny Basham, Orlando Jordan, Mark Jindrak, Luther Reigns, Scotty 2 Hotty, Hardcore Holly, Charlie Haas, Billy Kidman, Akio from SmackDown! and Simon Dean, William Regal, Tajiri, Rob Conway, Sylvain Grenier, Snitsky, The Hurricane, Rosey, Chris Masters, Viscera, Rhyno, Val Venis, Tyson Tomko, Maven from Raw (16:33)
Booker T won by eliminating Chris Masters last.
Rey Mysterio defeated Eddie Guerrero (12:39)
Mysterio pinned Guerrero with a Hurricanrana.
Edge defeated Chris Jericho, Shelton Benjamin, Chris Benoit, Christian (w/Tyson Tomko) and Kane in the first Money in the Bank ladder match (15:17)
Edge won by climbing a ladder and retrieving the briefcase hanging above the ring.
Hulk Hogan made a surprise appearance saving Eugene from an onslaught by Muhammad Hassan and Daivari, both of whom were infuriated for being excluded from the event.
The Undertaker defeated Randy Orton (14:14)
Undertaker pinned Orton after a Tombstone Piledriver.
During the match, Cowboy Bob Orton interfered on behalf of his son.
Trish Stratus defeated Christy Hemme (w/Lita) to retain the WWE Women's Championship (4:11)
Stratus pinned Hemme after a Chick Kick.
Kurt Angle defeated Shawn Michaels (27:25)
Angle forced Michaels to submit with the Ankle Lock.
Piper's Pit segment with guest Steve Austin
"Rowdy" Roddy Piper confronted "Stone Cold" Steve Austin until Carlito interrupted and began to insult them. This resulted in Carlito receiving a Stone Cold Stunner from Austin and Piper throwing him out of the ring. Both ended the segment celebrating with beer until Austin gave Piper a Stone Cold Stunner as well.
Akebono defeated The Big Show in a Sumo Match (1:02)
Akebono defeated Big Show by throwing him out of the ring.
John Cena defeated John "Bradshaw" Layfield to win the WWE Championship (11:26)
Cena pinned JBL after an FU.
During JBL's entrance, $100 dollar bills with JBL's face on them rained down on the crowd.
"Mean" Gene Okerlund introduced the WWE Hall of Fame Class of 2005:
"The Mouth of the South" Jimmy Hart, "Mr. Wonderful" Paul Orndorff, The Iron Sheik, "Cowboy" Bob Orton, Nikolai Volkoff, "Rowdy" Roddy Piper, and Hulk Hogan.
Batista defeated Triple H (w/Ric Flair) to win the World Heavyweight Championship (21:34)
Batista pinned Triple H after a Batista Bomb.
Motörhead performed "The Game" live during Triple H's entrance.

Other on-screen talent

References

Other websites
The Official Website of WrestleMania 21
WrestleMania 21 Highest Grossing WWE Event Ever at STAPLES Center in Los Angeles as Record 20,193 Attend Annual Pop Culture Extravaganza

Category:2005 in professional wrestling
Category:Sports in Los Angeles
Category:WrestleMania
Category:2005 in American television
Category:2000s in Los Angeles, California

WrestleMania 21


International Friendship Day celebrations take place on the first Sunday of August every year. On this day, people spend time with their friends and express love for them. The exchange of Friendship Day gifts like flowers, cards, and wrist bands is a popular tradition of this occasion.

History

In 1935, the United States Congress proclaimed the 1st Sunday of August as National Friendship Day. Since then, celebration of National Friendship Day became an annual event.

Many other countries around the world adopted the tradition of dedicating a day to friends. In 1997, the United Nations named Winnie the Pooh as the world's Ambassador of Friendship. Today, Friendship Day is enthusiastically celebrated by many nations.

Celebrating

Many friends wish each other with exchange of gifts and cards on this day. "Friendship bands" are very popular in India, Nepal and parts of South America. Members of social networking sites celebrate Friendship Day on-line.

You do not have to buy a gift or spend money to enjoy Friendship Day. This avoids accusations the fun is only a "marketing gimmick".

Other traditions
Día del Amigo (Spanish: "Friend's Day"), a celebration of friendship, held annually on 20 July mainly in Argentina and Uruguay, but also in some other countries.
Dia do Amigo (Portuguese: "Friend's Day"), celebration happens on 18 April because on 20 July, they celebrate International Friendship Day.

References

Other websites

Category:Holidays

International Friendship Day


Jürgen Roth (4 November 1945 – 28 September 2017) was a German publicist and investigative journalist. He was born in Frankfurt on Main, Germany. He was known for his works in Armut in der Bundesrepublik, Der Sumpf and for Absturz.

Roth died on 28 September 2017 in Frankfurt at the age of 71.

References

Other websites

Category:1945 births
Category:2017 deaths
Category:German journalists
Category:Writers from Frankfurt

Jürgen Roth


O Foxo is a village in north-western Spain. It is in the parish of Silleda, in Pontevedra, Galicia. In 2007, it had a population of 54 people, 26 of them were men and 28 were women. This represents a decrease in the number of people over the year 2000. It was also the former capital of the county.

Bibliography

Other websites

 Silleda municipal web site
 Silleda tourist web site

Category:Towns in Spain
Category:Galicia

O Foxo, Silleda


Katherine Murray "Kate" Millett (September 14, 1934 – September 6, 2017) was an American feminist writer. Her first book Sexual Politics was published 1970.

Millett was born to Catholic parents in St. Paul, Minnesota. In 1961 she moved to Japan. In 1965 she married sculptor Fumio Yoshimura. She was bisexual.

Millett died on September 6, 2017 in Paris, France of cardiac arrest at the age of 82.

References

Other websites

Guide to the Kate Millett Papers at Duke University

Category:1934 births
Category:2017 deaths
Category:American civil rights activists
Category:American feminists
Category:American human rights activists
Category:American LGBT people
Category:American LGBT rights activists
Category:Bisexual people
Category:Cardiovascular disease deaths in France
Category:Deaths from cardiac arrest
Category:LGBT writers
Category:Writers from Saint Paul, Minnesota

Kate Millett


Maturity onset diabetes of the young, or MODY is any of several hereditary forms of diabetes mellitus caused by gene mutations. The mutations interfere with the making of insulin. MODY is often called monogenic diabetes. MODY 2 and MODY 3 are the most common forms of the disease.

The term "MODY" goes back to around 1964.

In MODY 2, oral medications or insulin may not be needed. In MODY 1 and MODY 3, insulin may be necessary.

Some people with MODY may be obese or overweight.

References

Category:Diabetes mellitus

Maturity onset diabetes of the young


Lawrence is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is near the Merrimack River. According to the 2010 U.S. Census, the city had a total population of 76,377.

Category:Cities in Massachusetts
Category:County seats in Massachusetts

Lawrence, Massachusetts


Francis Michael Gough (23 November 1916 – 17 March 2011) was an English character actor who as appeared in over 150 movies. He is perhaps best known world wide for his roles in the Hammer Horror Films from 1958, and for his work as Batman's loyal butler Alfred Pennyworth in Batman, Batman Returns, Batman Forever, and Batman & Robin. Gough and actor Pat Hingle are the only two actors to appear in all 4 Batman movies directed by Tim Burton or Joel Schumacher. Gough has also been in some other Tim Burton movies, Sleepy Hollow, Tim Burton's Corpse Bride, and Alice in Wonderland.

Early life
Gough was born on 23 November 1916 in Kuala Lumpur, British Malaya. His parents were Frances Atkins (née Baillie) and Frances Berkely Gough.

Personal life
Gough was married four times; first to Dinan Graves they divorced. Second to Anne Leon in 1950 through 1964. Third to Anneke Wills in 1962 until they divorced in 1979. Lastly to Henrietta Lawrence in 1980 until his death in 2011. Gough had 3 children; Emma, Simon, and Jasper.

Death
Gough died on 17 March 2011 in his home in Salisbury, Wiltshire from pneumonia complicated from prostate cancer. He was 94 years old. He was cremated. Michael Keaton who played Batman in the first two Batman films, said "To Mick - my butler, my confidant, my friend, my Alfred. I love you. God bless. Michael (Mr. Wayne) Keaton.". Gough was cremated and his ashes were rest at sea.

Movies

References

Other websites

Category:1916 births
Category:2011 deaths
Category:Deaths from pneumonia
Category:Deaths from prostate cancer
Category:Actors from London
Category:BAFTA Award winning actors
Category:Cancer deaths in England
Category:English movie actors
Category:English stage actors
Category:English television actors
Category:English voice actors
Category:Tony Award winning actors

Michael Gough