tata e ecosystem eh woof paper v www shibatoken com xc introduction shiba inu answer simple question would happen cryptocurrency project run community term defi literally includes word decentralized definition reference economic status opposed fo internal hierarchy founder ryoshi said beginnings experiment decentralized spontaneous community building c none us could imagined time start revolution projects built foundation community involvement untamed wilderness future move away rigid social structures traditional mindsets become free discover new ways solve problems relate one another world ruled commodification time community based projects change pace way practice radical acceptance others success depends shared strength individuals make collective forced shift perspectives align around us shiba inu ecosystem way recognizing importance tearing long established paradigm formulaic success building path freedom creativity place community held together hundreds thousands interconnected moments studying drawn project realized true power come single perspective comes working together harmony thought bright minds began developing shiba inu ecosystem celt v www shibatoken com xc decentralization standing pivotal moment innovation centralization prerequisite official structures political educational financial systems always crafted way equally ethically distribute power functioning within may times history sort internal configuration played important role age information world available click button time rethink opened eyes little control average person face overarching generational structures gamestop amc stock value exploded seemingly overnight wallstreetbets tested waters would look like disperse control consumers inexperienced investors alike inspiring last long movement seemed brink success throttled bureaucracy centralized society however concept new power among people took root months events made international news ryoshi already setting community based cryptocurrency experiment motion cryptocurrency comes idea disrupting routine redefining wealth acquired goes traditional processes nature pn ite ie lome edeereelac lalo mato mim cucm iie ke ey rules easy see look back cases like sec win kin ecosystem centralized authority consider binance smart chain seems use centralized authority offer benefits decentralized partnerships v www shibatoken com xc ever shifting economic landscape cryptocurrencies take independence hands struggle tenuous existence rules game changed favor option comply regardless consequences thm ee ilies background fight way practice miyamoto musashi ryoshi approached creation community unique perspective believe power collective decentralization build something stronger centralized team ever could create community run token nothing without united individuals give purpose early days shib became known shibarmy within ranks across countless platforms nickname many became part identity whether new recruit part old guard fly shib banner must embrace founding principles started zero zero spirit project create something nothing founded existing community let alone preassembled team brilliant minds behind shib never collaborated fresh team developers designers moderators marketers shillers joined shib army anywhere world found talents could best used got work v www shibatoken com xc love shiba inu dogs proud shib army originated equally excited future founder ryoshi chose start shib nothing handed future currency army starting nothing means everyone bring something table holders believers shib army source success fellow holders admins mods leaders international chat rooms social media influencers meme makers shillers friends source success thank real shibarmy salute v www shibatoken com xc eth ac mme mii ce cl al ok miyamoto musashi comparing different blockchains might wonder chose stay eth network answer like rest project straightforward purposeful founder ryoshi embarked shib journey predisposition towards im dat w lem te elt react rel coe mieco le item ae mmu stay decentralized unlike fad networks top priority ensure project free change evolve zero outside regulations impacting eth way achieve goal army able hold tokens wallet collect payments around world remaining independent moderating forces founder also chose send total supply vitalik buterin wallet words sent total supply vitalik greatness without vulnerable point long vb rug us shiba grow survive aspects eth made perfect foundation shibaswap truly decentralized exchange trade buy sell hodl gain rewards far outstripe value staking platforms eth v gets closer every day bringing faster cheaper transactions shibaswap poised become popular highest volume exchange laser focus erc tokens ethereum blockchain v www shibatoken com xc ea ga e ea like ryoshi creator shib vitalik buterin visionary one youngest billionaires history vb year old co creator etherium recently held half total supply shib impossible guess whether ryoshi knew exposing us weakness would actually become greatest strength either way may th vb used shib make history act astonishing empathy altruism responded humanitarian crisis side globe donating one billion usd shib india covid relief fund response entirely positive many believed vb done right thing moral standpoint prevent wave fud rippling cryptosphere even india transfer vb still held total shib supply fact left investors fearful potential volatility uhl e less week making largest ever crypto donation vb executed record breaking burn trillion shib approximately supply permanently removed circulation amount worth billion usd implications shib incredible done shave zeroes shib could reach higher values future deliberate act already changed countless lives vb able introduce hope india needed power shibarmy v www shibatoken com xc shiba rescue amazon smile shiba inus incredible dogs tips little teddy bear noses ends curled tails fiercely intelligent brave independent equal propensity loyalty mischief sadly characteristics make extraordinary ones make challenging pet new inexperienced owners quickly find overwhelmed unprepared life breed known bold e stubborn personality come shibatoken passionate mascot community actively searching opportunities help dogs himes rua er showing support using amazon smile seamlessly collect distribute percentage amazon purchases shiba inu rescue association donations slevin ie relies chale met simply use smile amazon com placing orders select shiba inu rescue association c preferred non profit organization start making difference clicks away helping shibs need start funding shelters kore fh v www shibatoken com xc shiba inu incubator shib clearly become one successful fully decentralized cryptocurrency experiments history shibarmy born concept right circumstances talented individuals world unite one banner use unique skills build something remarkable foundation entire project shiba incubator previously known artist incubator truly allow ideas grow fullest potential started traditionally creative space changed evolved every aspect shib naturally design shib team tasked discovering shift focus beyond popular artforms painting photography digital rendering discover ways also honor ingenuity individuality important remember art found everything potential creativity every field profession opportunity feel connected inspired selves solving complex math problems repairing car researching technology healing sick example excluded discovered passions readily recognized medium prosperity shib tied ability openly include encourage art forms decentralization always heart shiba inu future finance world rarely questions arbitrary rules designed benefit wealthy powerful decentralization revolutionary answer could reunite us lost autonomy understand shib experiment recognize another way help others step outside preconceived limits regulations experience means part movement v www shibatoken com xc vision sa dedicated building best decentralized ecosystem deco planet three tokens seeds shiba inu ecosystem sprouted shibaswap dug roots goal shibaswap provide safe place trade valuable crypto remaining decentralized loyal holders gives us means grow exponentially constantly scale ecosystem may bring ever increasing interested parties shibaswap platform unique tokenomics solid design technical implementation viral growth good ole fashion memes reinforce platform strength ultimately provide residual benefits ecosystem making swap without budget unique challenge tackling various genres product lines build focused development team community know unified force power shiba successful advancing swap ecosystem whole reach new spectacular heights together best yet come v www shibatoken com xc starting tokenomics sa must understand one path top mountain beem le ci shiba inu token shib army evolved beyond simple experiment publishing document release shibaswap become decentralized ecosystem enriched dex redefines sshib could ever shiba inu perform outlast outshine every crypto attempts emulate shibaswap highlight three flagship tokens shiba inu sshib leash dogecoin killer sleash bone sbone shibaswap shibas dig bury bone woof returns best trainers even teach dogs fetch allows pup exchange one token another token shibas dig bury fetch generate woof returns distributed puppy pools v www shibatoken com xc sm data el lele om ce ich bury shib leash bone nee xshib xleash tokens representation share pool automatically detected want unstake tokens bury tool dig provide liquidity receive sslp token shib leash bone shib eth sslp ry bone eth sslp tokens sslp tokens receive dig ecosystem tokens pools distribute rewards proportionally holders aforementioned token pools staked tokens receive fixed percentage bone sslp pools distributed bpb bone per block based allocation points individual pools furthermore certain dig pools eligible double even triple rewards v www shibatoken com xc get shibaswap right paw two week liquidity event days bone per block minted allocation pool user returns rate reduced overtime decreasing algorithm liquidity event bpb distributed allocated farming pools dig additionally bpb minted distributed bury pools bpb minted distributed development wallet also bring liquidity selected pairs rol receive part bone returns bone per block liquidity event v www shibatoken com xc shiba ecosystem tokenomics difficult understand universe study one planet miyamoto musashi sshib shiba inu shib came world puppy august immediately began change cryptosphere since launch shiba inu project consistently broken mold first mint quadrillion tokens first meaningfully burn tokens vitalik buterin wallet remaining half locked uniswap threw away keys started soy ue shib trendsetter day one first allow diamond hands hold billions even trillions tokens wallets well first spontaneous community building experiment dedicated decentralized structure earned nickname dogecoin killer value shib primed ready overtake value dogecoin even shib never hits publicity utility shib worth proportionately popular canine memecoin many tried follow wagging tail form function project eclipses hype time publication shib already becoming household name half million holders listings exchanges international support well way inevitable widespread adoption implementation shib first cryptocurrency token listed incentivized shibaswap decentralized exchange immortalizing vch cele shib stats yy ata ele ey v www shibatoken com xc bury shib bury stake shiba inu tokens bone returns bone per block bpb additionally minted distributed xshib holders part shib pool xshib powerful also pools eth swap transaction fees occur shibaswap addition allocated swap fees distributed bury pools part sent xshib holders allows users increase shib balance bone eth returns weekly distributed available withdraw remaining time locked months total bpb rs swap eth trans fees part swap fees lac ine e shib cy bury staking pool apoiea share pool sue available locked months allocated swap fees fees token transaction within shibaswap excluding eth wbtc dai usdt usdc v www shibatoken com xc dig shib get migrate dig shib ethsslp shib eth pool eee eta ee ern allocated available cp rr eu ara bas bones bone available withdraw anytime remaining time locked months sleash dogecoin killer sleash second token shiba inu ecosystem originally envisioned rebase token tied price dogecoin later decided leash would turn rebase function keys allow rebase burnt ensure continue simple erc token shib made enormous supply quadrillion tokens half locked away whereas supply leash minted tokens due low supply tokens minted demand reward holding xleash leash eth sslp lead meteoric rise similar shib leash stats yoy plm sle ta v www shibatoken com xc eh buried staked generates xleash bone per block bpb additionally minted distributed xleash holders part leash pool furthermore allocated swap fees distributed bury pools part sent xshib holders allows users increase leash balance bey aa od rs part rvc tt converted leash leash staking pool sey rrsp ete ol c hd mele mey get xleash share pool bone returns weekly distributed available withdraw remaining time locked months allocated swap fees fees token transaction within shibaswap excluding eth wbtc dai usdt usdc v www shibatoken com xc dig leash moreover encourage leash liquidity leash sslp token puppy pool gathers wbtc swap transactions usdc swap viele get migrate rd dig etal ae p leash ethsslp bt poo ter meas uy ee scte allocated rrs ncte ley si bones locked months sslp ch ine usdc swap trans bone available withdraw anytime remaining time locked months also wbtc usdc returns weekly distributed available withdraw remaining time locked months v www shibatoken com xc sbone shibaswap bone extra special available shibaswap bone tokens designed fit perfectly previous two tokens regards circulation supply moreover token governance token allow shibarmy vote proposals well token pairs added shibaswap bone hold weight vote carries future endeavors bury bone get tbone bury bone tokens bone per block bpb additionally minted distributed tbone holders part bone pool furthermore allocated swap fees distributed bury pools part sent tbone holders allows users increase bone balance bb cen part swap fees converted bone bone site ty bury tt dat leben clc mi ere sey rrs eel locked months bone returns distributed weekly available withdraw remaining time locked months well v www shibatoken com xc dig bone bone liquidity encouraged shibaswap offering bone sslp token bone sslp token pool gathers dai swap returns usdt swap returns au ty dig sia ie mer sa eon ele share pool allocated sey retin cee stake ry ye mrs cr iy ly oa usdt swap trans bone available withdraw anytime remaining time locked months also dai usdt returns distributed weekly available withdraw remaining time locked months v www shibatoken com xc follow list pairs eligible woof returns shibswap liquidity event along corresponding allocation amount glossary uni v uniswap lp tokens sushi slp sushiswap lp tokens fee tie tk puppy pools bone eth shibaswap exclusive ap sn eee shib eth ap big dog lp pools eth wbtc ap eth usdc ap young pup pools link eth ap dai eth ap swap lp pools sushi eth ap uni eth ap newborn pup pools xfund eth ap yb gls oe meme eth ap grt eth ap duck eth ap vxv eth ap elon eth ap also able migrate liquidity pairs uniswap sushiswap uni v slp v www shibatoken com xc ee aa believe part shibaarmy come benefits benefits ig xe reason allow wallets unaffiliated exchanges receive woof returns shibaswap blacklist style feature exclusive shibaswap something designed several top shib wallets exchange platforms grrrlist feature ensure holders exchanges want access shibaswap returns worry unaligned entity might attempt stake tokens freeze withdrawals wallet returns cexs grrrrr poe ot ne future development assure longevity shibswap shiba inu ecosystem part minted bone allocated multi signature activated development wallet wallet split first days core developers og admins fund fund put towards financial relief dev team needs make ecosystem full time focus want talented individuals continue building solid foundation gifted us time money energy v www shibatoken com xc allocation allow volunteer developers compensated initial investment shibaswap also offer salaries work exclusively ecosystem og admins veterans shib army earned medals fighting daily fud fending bot takeovers fund allows dev team trusted group admins deployed across multiple channels secure safe space shiba fans build community without bothered fud scams issues shiba inu ecosystem development marketing fund fund put towards continued advancement shiba inu ecosystem shibaswap live us keep momentum going allocation give us rocket fuel need send puppy moon beyond funding also allow us quickly expand concepts top secret ruffmap real budget upon completion ruffmap items utilize remaining funds complete projects confirmed community governance votes shiba inu ecosystem even impressive consider far entire effort succeeded without spending dollar marketing however bone pile allow team deploy international marketing strategies commercials make shib freshest mainstream cryptocurrency name sharing ranks bitcoin ethereum v www shibatoken com xc multisig model shib finds greatest strength community shib team always oversee support cases utilizing bone governance token offer community means guide shiba inu ecosystem accordance decentralized majority however still times falls shoulders shib team make responsible decisions best interest shibarmy instances occur continue follow priority fair ethical practice establishing multisig wallets multisig wallets provides ability take assertive action protecting impulsive emotional reactions means shib team ready move quickly calmly solution case emergency multisig wallets also allow strategy leaders make appropriate choices comes allowing repayment funds thus far future development project scaling safeguards place ensure financial choices always best overall community personal gain multisig members trusted members community defi environment must signatures transaction approved omega hyperion kaal dhairya hyroshy kipa june horla sisley argonaut emergency changes related security administration must pass emergency multisig least signatures omega hyperion kaal dhairya hyroshy kipa june horla sisley argonaut counter nomad shinato sama missphoenixshib burf durf v www shibatoken com xc multisig addresses multisig address xedaccabbbaadd omega hyperion xeceeacacdabc kaal dhairya oxbabfefdeafcflefedde hyroshi kipa xedefclcefdeef afebacab june horla xcbbeaadfccffe sisley argonaut xecbaedbcdeeadce multisig emergency address xaaddcebbfe fc omega hyperion xeceeacacdablc kaal dhairya oxbabfefdeafc lefedde hyroshi kipa xedefclcefdeefafebacab june horla xcbbeaadfccffe sisley argonaut xelcbaedbcdeeadce counter nomad xeba c cc ccbcbdbb shinato sama xbbcbaaedaccd cacce miss phoenix shib xf fbddddcddbed burf durf xdeaeafeeca daccdad v www shibatoken com xc pu roadmap remain top secret ensure continued advantage highly competitive space releasing basic overview allow holders understand intentions core development team standardize shiba inu products integrate global marketplace long term success look like launching incubator upcoming nft project releasing shibaswag even potentially actualizing real world applications move us beyond digital landscape ans though official roadmap remains tightly guarded happy reveal next token shiba treat treat another special token detailed tokenomics revealed release shibaswap update document new token pairs shiba inu liquidity event spend next months adding pairs shibaswap goal onboard pairs course alone paired doggy dao decentralized autonomous organization bone governance token created true decentralized ecosystem doggy dao governance system introduced team later year v www shibatoken com xc conclusion shiba community started seed idea could happen centralized team funding direct leadership could decentralization actually work could follow perfect storm digital currencies like btc doge except perpetuate something fully community driven instead stay around make mission defend brand protect community leeches scammers volunteer team done amazing work built future memecoin finance shibaswap beginning new era decentralized communities time right good things rushed shibaswap crucial point contact decentralized world global communities allowing us actualize vision widespread adoption defi cryptocurrency would like say thank every one without participation none would possible time us begin aaa kes v www shibatoken com xc woof paper white paper living document information date time publishing please oy muti femi k lmm lll mla ull tema al lille ere auto al advice sort advice treat content shiba inu team suggests conduct due diligence consult financial advisor making investment decisions purchasing shiba inu product agree purchasing security investment agree hold team harmless liable losses taxes may incur also agree team presenting products required provide support services expectation form shiba inu ecosystem team although shiba inu community driven defi ecosysten registered digital currency team strongly recommends citizens areas government bans crypto purchase team cannot ensure compliance territories regulations always make sure compliance local laws regulations make purchase v www shibatoken com tata e ecosystem eh woof paper v www shibatoken com xc introduction shiba inu answer simple question would happen cryptocurrency project run community term defi literally includes word decentralized definition reference economic status opposed fo internal hierarchy founder ryoshi said beginnings experiment decentralized spontaneous community building c none us could imagined time start revolution projects built foundation community involvement untamed wilderness future move


polkadot vision heterogeneous multi chain framework draft dr gavin wood founder ethereum parity gavingparity io abstract present day blockchain architectures suffer number issues least practical means extensi bility scalability believe stems tying two important parts consensus architecture namely canonicality validity closely together paper introduces architecture heterogeneous multi chain fundamentally sets two apart compartmentalising two parts keeping overall functionality provided absolute minimum security transport introduce practical means core extensibility situ scalability addressed divide conquer approach two functions scaling bonded core incentivisation untrusted public nodes heterogeneous nature architecture enables many highly divergent types consensus systems interop erating trustless fully decentralised federation allowing open closed networks trust free access put forward means providing backwards compatibility one pre existing networks ethereum believe system provides useful base level component overall search practically implementable system capable achieving global commerce levels scalability privacy preface intended technical vision summary one possible direction may taken de veloping blockchain paradigm together ra tionale direction sensible lays much detail possible stage development system may give concrete improvement number aspects blockchain technology intended specification formal oth erwise intended comprehensive final design intended cover non core aspects framework apis bindings languages usage notably experimental parameters specified likely change mechanisms added refined removed response community ideas critiques large portions paper likely revised experimental evidence prototyping gives us information work document includes core description pro tocol together ideas directions may taken improve various aspects envisioned core description used starting point initial series proofs concept final version would based around refined protocol together ad ditional ideas become proven determined required project reach goals history proofl proof proof introduction blockchains demonstrated great promise util ity several fields including internet things iot finance governance identity management web decentralisation asset tracking however despite technological promise grand talk yet see significant real world deployment present technology believe five key failures present technology stacks scalability much resources spent globally processing bandwidth storage sys tem process single transaction many transactions reasonably processed peak conditions isolatability divergent needs multiple parties applications addressed near optimal degree framework developability well tools work apis address developers needs ed ucational materials available right inte grations governance network remain flexible evolve adapt time decisions made sufficient inclusivity legitimacy transparency provide effective leadership decentralised system applicability technology actually ad dress burning need mid dleware required order bridge gap actual applications present work aim address first two issues scalability isolatability said believe polkadot framework provide meaningful improve ments classes problems modern efficient blockchain implementations parity ethereum client process excess transactions per second running perfor mant consumer hardware however current real world blockchain networks practically limited around transactions per second limitation mainly origi nates fact current synchronous consen sus mechanisms require wide timing margins safety expected processing time exacerbated xc polkadot vision heterogeneous multi chain framework desire support slower implementations due underlying consensus architecture state transi tion mechanism means parties collate execute transactions logic fundamentally tied consensus canonicalisation mechanism means parties agree upon one number possible valid histories applies equally proofof work pow sys tems bitcoin ethereum proof stake pos systems nxt bitshares ultimately suffer handicap simple strategy helped make blockchains success however tightly coupling two mechanisms single unit protocol also bundle together multiple different actors applications different risk profiles differ ent scalability requirements different privacy needs one size fit often case desire broad appeal network adopts degree con servatism results lowest common denominator optimally serving ultimately leading failing ability innovate perform adapt sometimes dramatically systems e g factom drop state transition mechanism altogether however much utility desire requires ability transition state according shared state machine dropping solves alternative problem provide alternative solution seems clear therefore one reasonable direction explore route scalable decentralised compute platform decouple consensus architecture state transition mechanism perhaps unsurpris ingly strategy polkadot adopts solu tion scalability protocol implementation network like bitcoin ethereum polkadot refers net work protocol hitherto presupposed primary public network runs protocol polkadot tended free open project protocol speci fication creative commons license code placed floss license project developed open manner accepts contributions ever useful system rfcs unlike python enhancement proposals allow means publicly collaborating protocol changes upgrades initial implementation polkadot protocol known parity polkadot platform include full protocol implementation together api bindings like parity blockchain implementations ppp designed general purpose blockchain tech nology stack neither uniquely public network private consortium operation development thus far funded several parties including grant british government paper nonetheless describes polkadot context public network functionality envi sion public network superset required alternative e g private consortium settings fur thermore context full scope polkadot clearly described discussed mean lnttps github com ethereum wiki wiki chain fibers redux draft reader aware certain mechanisms may described example interoperation pub lic networks directly relevant polkadot deployed non public permissioned situa tions previous work decoupling underlying consen sus state transition informally proposed private least two years max kaye pro ponent strategy early days ethereum complex scalable solution known chain fibers dating back june first published later year made case single relay chain mul tiple homogeneous chains providing transparent inter chain execution mechanism decoherence paid transaction latency transactions requiring coordination disparate portions system would take longer process polkadot takes much ar chitecture follow conversations various people though differs greatly much de sign provisions systems comparable polkadot actually production several systems relevance proposed though substantial level detail proposals broken systems drop reduce notion globally coherent state machine attempt provide globally coherent singleton machine homogeneous shards target heterogeneity systems without global state factom sys tem demonstrates canonicality without according validity effectively allowing chronicling data cause avoidance global state difficulties scaling brings considered scal able solution however mentioned previously set problems solves strictly substantially smaller tangle novel approach consensus systems rather arranging transactions blocks form ing consensus strictly linked list give glob ally canonical ordering state changes largely aban dons idea heavily structured ordering instead pushes directed acyclic graph dependent trans actions later items helping canonicalise earlier items explicit referencing arbitrary state changes dependency graph would quickly become intractable however much simpler utxo model becomes quite reasonable system loosely co herent transactions generally independent large amount global parallelism becomes quite natural using utxo model effect limiting tangle purely value transfer currency system rather anything general extensible furthermore without hard global coherency interac tion systems tend need absolute degree knowledge system state becomes imprac tical unspent transaction output model bitcoin uses whereby state effectively set address associated value transactions collate addresses reform new set addresses whose sum total equivalent xc polkadot vision heterogeneous multi chain framework heterogeneous chain systems side chains proposed addition bitcoin protocol would al low trustless interaction main bitcoin chain additional side chains provision degree rich interaction side chains teraction would limited allowing side chains custodians assets effecting local jargon two way peg end vision frame work bitcoin currency could provided additional peripheral functionality pegging onto chains exotic state transition systems bitcoin protocol allows sense side chains addresses extensibility rather scalability indeed fundamentally provision va lidity side chains tokens one chain e g bitcoin held behalf side chain secured side chain ability incentivise miners canonicalise valid transitions security bitcoin network cannot easily transitioned work behalf blockchains furthermore protocol ensuring bitcoin miners merge mine duplicate canonicalisa tion power onto side chain impor tantly validate side chain transitions outside scope proposal cosmos proposed multi chain system vein side chains swapping nakamoto pow consensus method jae kwon tendermint algorithm essentially describes multiple chains operating zones using individual instances tendermint gether means trust free communication via master hub chain interchain communication lim ited transfer digital assets specifically kens rather arbitrary information however terchain communication return path data e g report sender status transfer validator sets zoned chains particular means incentivising like side chains left unsolved problem general assumption zoned chain hold token value whose flation used pay validators still early stages design present proposal lacks comprehensive de tails economic means achieving scalable certainty global validity however loose coher ence required zones hub allow additional flexibility parameters zoned chains compared system enforcing stronger coherence casper yet comprehensive review side side comparison casper polkadot made though one make fairly sweeping accordingly inaccurate characterisation two casper reimagining pos consensus algorithm could based around participants betting fork would ultimately become canonical substantial consider ation given ensuring robust network forks even prolonged additional de gree scalability top basic ethereum model casper date tended substantially complex protocol polkadot forebears substantial deviation basic blockchain format draft remains unseen casper iterate future look like finally deployed casper polkadot represent interest ing new protocols sense augmentations ethereum substantial differences ultimate goals paths deployment casper ethereum foundation centered project originally designed pos alteration protocol desire create fundamentally scalable blockchain crucially designed hard fork rather anything ex pansive thus ethereum clients users would required upgrade remain fork uncertain adop tion deployment made substantially dif ficult inherent decentralised project tight coordination necessary polkadot differs several ways first foremost polkadot designed fully extensible scalable blockchain development deployment interaction test bed built largely future proof harness able assimilate new blockchain technology becomes avail able without complicated decentralised coordination hard forks already envision several use cases encrypted consortium chains high frequency chains low block times unrealistic future version ethereum currently envisioned fi nally coupling ethereum extremely loose action part ethereum necessary enable trustless transaction forwarding two networks short casper ethereum polkadot share fleeting similarities believe end goal substantially different rather competing two protocols likely ultimately co exist mutually beneficial relationship foreseeable future summary polkadot scalable heterogeneous multi chain means unlike previous blockchain implementations focused providing single chain varying degrees generality potential applications polkadot designed provide inherent application func tionality rather polkadot provides bedrock relay chain upon large number validatable globally coherent dynamic data structures may hosted side side call data structures parallelised chains parachains though specific need blockchain nature words polkadot may considered equiva lent set independent chains e g set containing ethereum ethereum classic namecoin bitcoin ex cept two important points e pooled security e trust free interchain transactability points consider polkadot scal able principle problem deployed polka dot may substantially parallelised scaled large number parachains since aspects parachain may conducted parallel different seg ment polkadot network system ability scale polkadot provides rather bare bones piece opposed one way peg essentially action destroying tokens one chain create tokens another without mechanism converse order recover original tokens xc polkadot vision heterogeneous multi chain framework infrastructure leaving much complexity ad dressed middleware level conscious de cision intended reduce development risk enabling requisite software developed within short time span good level confidence security robustness philosophy polkadot polkadot provide absolute rock solid foundation build next wave consensus systems right risk spectrum production capable mature designs nascent ideas providing strong guarantees se curity isolation communication polkadot allow parachains select range properties indeed foresee various experimental blockchains push ing properties could considered sensible today see conservative high value chains similar bitcoin z cash co existing alongside lower value theme chains marketing fun test nets zero near zero fees see fully encrypted dark consortium chains operating alongside even providing services highly functional open chains like ethereum see experimental new vm based chains subjective time charged wasm chain used means outsourcing difficult com pute problems mature ethereum like chain restricted bitcoin like chain manage chain upgrades polkadot inherently support sort governance structure likely based existing stable political systems bicam eral aspect similar yellow paper council ultimate authority underlying stakable token hold ers would referendum control reflect users need development developers need legiti macy expect reasonable direction would form two chambers user committee made bonded validators technical committee made major client developers ecosystem players body token holders would maintain ultimate legit imacy form supermajority augment reparam eterise replace dissolve structure something doubt eventual need words twain governments diapers must changed often reason whereas reparameterisation typically trivial ar range within larger consensus mechanism qualita tive changes replacement augmentation would likely need either non automated soft decrees e g canonicalisation block number hash document formally specifying new protocol necessitate core consensus mechanism contain sufficiently rich language describe aspect may need change latter eventual aim however former likely chosen order facilitate reasonable development timeline polkadot primary tenets rules within evaluate design decisions minimal polkadot little functional ity possible simple additional complexity present base protocol reasonably draft offoaded middleware placed parachain introduced later optimisation general unnecessary requirement constraint limitation placed parachains polkadot test bed consensus sys tem development optimised making model extensions fit ab stract possible robust polkadot provide fundamentally stable base layer addition economic sound ness also means decentralising minimise vectors high reward attacks participation polkadot four basic roles upkeep polkadot network collator fisherman nominator validator one possible implementation polkadot latter role may actually broken two roles basic valida tor availability guarantor discussed section collator fisherman v nominator provides block candidates ey reports monitors bad approves behaviour validators validators group becomes groups figure interaction four roles polkadot validators validator highest charge helps seal new blocks polkadot network val idator role contingent upon sufficiently high bond deposited though allow bonded parties nominate one validators act portion validator bond may neces sarily owned validator rather nominators validator must run relay chain client implementa tion high availability bandwidth block node must ready accept role ratifying new block nominated parachain process involves receiving validating republishing candidate blocks nomination deterministic virtually un predictable much advance since validator cannot reasonably expected maintain fully synchronised database parachains expected valida tor nominate task devising suggested new parachain block third party known collator new parachain blocks properly rat ified appointed validator subgroups validators must ratify relay chain block involves updating state transaction queues essentially moving data parachain output queue another parachain input queue processing transactions ratified relay chain transaction set ratifying final block including final parachain changes xc polkadot vision heterogeneous multi chain framework validator fulfilling duty find consensus rules chosen consensus algorithm pun ished initial unintentional failures withholding validator reward repeated failures sult reduction security bond burn ing provably malicious actions double signing conspiring provide invalid block result loss entire bond partially burnt mostly given informant honest actors sense validators similar mining pools current pow blockchains nominators nominator stake holding party contributes security bond validator additional role except place risk capital signal trust particular validator set thereof act responsibly maintenance network receive pro rata increase reduction deposit according bond growth contribute together collators next nominators sense similar miners present day pow net works collators transaction collators collators short parties assist validators producing valid parachain blocks maintain full node par ticular parachain meaning retain necessary information able author new blocks execute transactions much way miners cur rent pow blockchains normal circumstances collate execute transactions create unsealed block provide together zero knowledge proof one validators presently responsible proposing parachain block precise nature relationship colla tors nominators validators likely change time initially expect collators work closely validators since perhaps one parachain little transaction volume initial client implementation include rpcs allow parachain collator node unconditionally supply relay chain validator node provably valid parachain block cost maintaining synced version parachains increases expect see additional infrastructure place help separate duties independent economically motivated parties eventually expect see collator pools vie collect transaction fees collators may come contracted serve particular validators pe riod time going share reward proceeds alternatively freelance collators may simply create market offering valid parachain blocks return com petitive share reward payable immediately simi larly decentralised nominator pools would allow multiple bonded participants coordinate share duty validator ability pool ensures open participation leading decentralised system fishermen unlike two active parties fishermen directly related block authoring process rather independent bounty hunters motivated large one reward precisely due draft existence fishermen expect events misbe haviour happen seldom due bonded party careless secret key security rather malicious intent name comes expected frequency reward minimal quirements take part eventual reward size fishermen get reward timely proof least one bonded party acted illegally legal actions include signing two blocks ratified par ent case parachains helping ratify invalid block prevent rewarding compromise illicit use session secret key base reward providing single validator illegally signed message minimal reward increases asymptotically corroborating illegal signatures validators provided implying genuine attack asymptote set following base security assertion least two thirds validators act benevolently fishermen somewhat similar full nodes present day blockchain systems resources needed relatively small commitment stable uptime bandwidth necessary fishermen differ much must post small bond bond prevents sybil attacks wasting validators time compute resources immediately withdrawable probably equivalent dollars may lead reaping hefty reward spotting misbehaving validator design overview section intended give brief overview system whole thorough exploration system given section following consensus relay chain polkadot achieves low level consensus set mutually agreed valid blocks modern asynchronous byzantine fault tolerant bft algorithm algorithm inspired simple tendermint substantially involved honeybadgerbft latter provides efficient fault tolerant consensus arbitrarily defective network infrastructure given set mostly nign authorities validators proof authority poa style network alone would sufficient however polkadot imagined also deployable network fully open public situation without particular organisation trusted authority required maintain need means determining set validators incentivising honest utilise pos based selection criteria proving stake assume network means measuring much stake particular account ease comparison pre existing systems call unit measurement tokens unfortunately term less ideal number reasons least simply scalar value associated account notion individuality imagine validators elected infrequently per day perhaps seldom per quarter nominated proof stake npos scheme centivisation happen pro rata allocation xc polkadot vision heterogeneous multi chain framework draft transaction submitted external actor block candidate submission validator swarm coloured designated parachain nd order relay chain fisherman parachain community account inbound transaction interchain transactions managed validators outbound transaction parachain parachain parachain queues bridge virtual parachain e g ethereum figure summary schematic polkadot system shows collators collecting propa gating user transactions well propagating block candidates fishermen validators also shows account post transaction carried parachain via relay chain another parachain interpreted transaction account funds coming token base expansion per year though likely around together transaction fees collected monetary base ex pansion typically leads inflation since token owners would fair opportunity participation token holder would need suffer reduction value holdings time provided happy take role consensus mechanism particular proportion tokens would targeted staking process effective token base expansion would adjusted market based mechanism reach target validators bonded heavily stakes exiting validators bonds remain place long valida tors duties cease perhaps around months long bond liquidation period allows future misbehaviour punished periodic checkpointing chain misbehaviour results punishment reduction reward cases intentionally compromise network


solana new architecture high performance blockchain v anatoly yakovenko anatoly legal disclaimer nothing white paper offer sell solicitation offer buy tokens solana publishing white paper solely receive feedback comments public solana offers sale tokens simple agreement future tokens definitive offering documents including disclosure document risk factors definitive documents also expected include updated version white paper may differ significantly current version solana makes offering united states offering likely available solely accredited investors nothing white paper treated read guarantee promise solanas business tokens develop utility value tokens white paper outlines current plans could change discretion success depend many factors outside solanas control including market based factors factors within data cryptocurrency industries among others statements future events based solely solanas analysis issues described white paper analysis may prove incorrect abstract paper proposes new blockchain architecture based proof history poh proof verifying order passage time events poh used encode trustless passage time ledger append data structure used alongside consensus algorithm proof work pow proof stake pos poh reduce messaging overhead byzantine fault tol erant replicated state machine resulting inn sub second finality times paper also proposes two algorithms leverage time keep ing properties poh ledger pos algorithm recover partitions size efficient streaming proof replica tion porep combination porep poh provides defense forgery ledger respect time ordering stor age protocol analyzed gbps network paper shows throughput k transactions per second possible todays hardware xc introduction blockchain implementation fault tolerant replicated state machine current publicly available blockchains rely time make weak assumption participants abilities keep time node network usually relies local clock without knowledge participants clocks network lack trusted source time means message timestamp used accept reject message guarantee every participant network make exact choice poh presented designed create ledger verifiable passage time e duration events message ordering anticipated every node network able rely recorded passage time ledger without trust outline remainder article organized follows overall system design described section depth description proof history described section depth description proposed proof stake consensus algorithm described section depth description proposed fast proof replication described section system architecture performance limits analyzed section high performance gpu friendly smart contracts engine described section network design shown figure given time system node designated leader generate proof history sequence providing network global read consistency verifiable passage time leader sequences user messages orders efficiently processed nodes system maximizing throughput executes transactions current state stored ram publishes transactions signature final state replications nodes called verifiers verifiers execute transactions copies state pub lish computed signatures state confirmations published confirmations serve votes consensus algorithm xc transaction transaction leader state transaction transaction transaction poh generator x transaction verifier verifier messages sent users ordered output sent replicator nodes eo ea votes confirm state x x figure transaction flow throughout network non partitioned state given time one leader network verifier node hardware capabilities leader elected leader done pos based elections elections proposed pos algorithm covered depth section terms cap theorem consistency almost always picked avail ability event partition case large partition paper proposes mechanism recover control network partition size covered depth section proof history proof history sequence computation provide way cryptographically verify passage time two events uses cryp tographically secure function written output cannot predicted input must completely executed generate output function run sequence single core previous output xc current input periodically recording current output many times called output computed verified external computers parallel checking sequence segment separate core data timestamped sequence appending data hash data state function recording state index data appended sequences provides timestamp guarantee data created sometime next hash generated sequence design also supports horizontal scaling multiple generators synchronize amongst mixing state others sequences horizontal scaling discussed depth section description system designed work follows cryptographic hash func tion whose output cannot predicted without running function e g sha ripemd etc run function random starting value take output pass input function record number times function called output call starting random value chosen could string like headline new york times day example poh sequence index operation output hash sha random starting value hash sha hash hash sha hash hash hashn represents actual hash output necessary publish subset hashes indices interval example xc poh sequence index operation output hash sha random starting value hash sha hash hash sha hash hash long hash function chosen collision resistant set hashes computed sequence single computer thread follows fact way predict hash value index going without actually running algorithm starting value times thus thus infer data structure real time passed index index example figure hash c produced count hash cdd produced count following previously discussed properties poh algorithm trust real time passed count count hask cl count hash dd count figure proof history sequence xc timestamp events sequence hashes also used record piece data created particular hash index generated using combine function combine piece data current hash current index data simply cryptographically unique hash arbitrary event data combine function simple append data operation collision resistant next generated hash represents timestamp data could generated specific piece data inserted example poh sequence index operation output hash sha random starting value hash sha hash hash sha hash hash external event occurs like photograph taken arbitrary digital data created poh sequence data index operation output hash sha random starting value hash sha hash hash sha hash hash sha append hash photograph sha hash hash computed appended binary data hash sha photograph index sha photograph recorded part sequence output anyone verifying sequence recreate change sequence verifying still done parallel discussed section initial process still sequential tell things entered sequence must occurred sometime future hashed value computed xc poh sequence index operation output hash sha random starting value hashi sha hash hash sha hash hash sha append hash photograph sha hash sha hash hash sha hash hash sha append hash photograph sha hash sha hash hash table poh sequence events sequence represented table photograph created hash photograph created hash inserting data sequence hashes results change subsequent values sequence long hash function used collision resistant data appended computationally impossible pre compute future sequences based prior knowledge data inte grated sequence data mixed sequence raw data hash data accompanying metadata example figure input cfddf inserted proof history sequence count inserted state inserted deef future gen erated hashes modified change sequence change indicated color change figure every node observing sequence determine order events inserted estimate real time insertions xc input cfiddf figure inserting data proof history verification sequence verified correct multicore computer significantly hash c count hash deef count input cfdfd hash adfldc count less time took generate example core index data output hash sha hash hash sha hash hash core index data output hash sha hash hash sha hash hash given number cores like modern gpu cores verifier split sequence hashes indexes slices parallel make sure slice correct starting hash last hash slice expected time produce sequence going xc hash fcl count hash deef count input cfddzf hash aaaldc count verifier core verifier core figure verification using multiple cores total number hashes hashes per second core expected time verify sequence correct going total number hashes hashes per second per core number cores available verify example figure core able verify slice sequence parallel since input strings recorded output counter state appended verifiers replicate slice parallel red colored hashes indicate sequence modified data insertion horizontal scaling possible synchronize multiple proof history generators mixing sequence state generator generator thus achieve horizontal scaling proof history generator scaling done without sharding output generators necessary reconstruct full order events system xc poh generator poh generator b index hash data index hash data hashia hashib hasha hashtb hashb hashta hasha hashb hasha hashb given generators b receives data packet b hashb contains last state generator b last state generator b observed generator next state hash generator de pends state generator b derive hashlb happened sometime hasha property transitive three gener ators synchronized single common generator b c trace dependency c even though synchronized directly periodically synchronizing generators generator handle portion external traffic thus overall system handle larger amount events track cost true time accuracy due network latencies generators global order still achieved picking deterministic function order events within synchronization window value hash figure two generators insert others output state record operation color change indicates data peer mod ified sequence generated hashes mixed stream highlighted bold synchronization transitive b c provable order events c b scaling way comes cost availability x gbps connec tions availability would availability consistency users expected able enforce consistency generated se quence make resistant attacks inserting last observed output sequence consider valid input xc hash sadaldc count hash fd hash sea ae count count input f hash c count bash ee hash aldzc count count input aldzc figure two generators synchronizing poh sequence index data output hash poh hidden sequence b index data output hash hashia event hasha event hasha event hasha hashib event hashb event hashb eventl hashb malicious poh generator could produce second hidden sequence events reverse order access events able generate faster hidden sequence prevent attack client generated event contain within latest hash client observed considers valid sequence client creates event data append last hash observed xc poh sequence index data output hash hashia event append event data hashia hasha event append event data hasha hasha event append event data hasha hasha sequence published event would referencing hasha sequence prior event consumers sequence know invalid sequence partial reordering attack would limited number hashes produced client observed event event entered clients able write software assume order correct short period hashes last observed inserted hash prevent malicious poh generator rewriting client event hashes clients submit signature event data last observed hash instead data poh sequence index data output hash hashla event sign append event data hasha client private key hasha event sign append event data hasha client private key hasha event sign append event data hasha hashda client private key verification data requires signature verification lookup hash sequence hashes prior one verify signature publickey hasha event data event verify signature publickey event lookup hasha pohsequence figure user supplied input dependent hash oxdeadbeef existing generated sequence sometime inserted blue xc hash oxdeadbeef count hash oxbado de count input oxcodebab input event data last hash oxdeadbeef event hash oxcodebab user event hash oxcocebab generated hash oxdeadbeef links oxdeadbeef next generated block oxbadcode prevents malicious loom reordering events hidden side sequence hash aidze count figure input back reference top left arrow indicates client referencing previously produced hash clients message valid sequence contains hash oxdeadbeef red color sequence indicates sequence modified clients data overhead hashes per second would generate additional kilobytes data would require access gpu cores roughly milliseconds time verify attacks reversal generating reverse order would require attacker start malicious sequence second event delay allow non malicious peer peer nodes communicate original order xc speed multiple generators may make deployment resistant attacks one generator could high bandwidth receive many events mix sequence another generator could high speed low bandwidth periodically mixes high bandwidth generator high speed sequence would create secondary sequence data attacker would reverse long range attacks long range attacks involve acquiring old discarded client private keys generating falsified ledger proof history provides protection long range attacks malicious user gains access old private keys would recreate historical record takes much time original one trying forge would require access faster processor network currently using otherwise attacker would never catch history length additionally single source time allows construction simpler proof replication section since network de signed participants network rely single historical record events porep poh together provide defense space time forged ledger proof stake consensus description specific instance proof stake designed quick confirmation current sequence produced proof history generator voting selecting next proof history generator punishing mis behaving validators algorithm depends messages eventually arriving participating nodes within certain timeout xc terminology bonds bonds equivalent capital expense proof work miner buys hardware electricity commits single branch proof work blockchain bond coin validator commits collateral validating transactions slashing proposed solution nothing stake problem proof stake systems proof voting different branch published branch destroy validators bond economic incentive designed discourage validators confirming multiple branches super majority super majority rds validators weighted bonds super majority vote indicates network reached consensus least ard network would vote maliciously branch invalid would put economic cost attack ard market cap coin bonding bonding transaction takes amount coin moves bonding account users identity coins bonding account cannot spent remain account user removes user remove stale coins timed bonds valid super majority current stakeholders confirmed sequence voting anticipated proof history generator able publish signature state predefined period bonded identity must confirm signature publishing signed signature state vote simple yes vote without super majority bonded identities voted within timeout branch would accepted valid xc unbonding missing n number votes marks coins stale longer eligible voting user issue unbonding transaction remove n dynamic value based ratio stale active votes n increases number stale votes increases event large network partition allows larger branch recover faster smaller branch elections election new poh generator occur poh generator failure detected validator largest voting power highest public key address tie picked new poh generator super majority confirmations required new sequence new leader fails super majority confirmations available next highest validator selected new set confirmations required switch votes validator needs vote higher poh sequence counter new vote needs contain votes wants switch otherwise second vote slashable vote switching expected designed occur height super majority poh generator established secondary elected take transactional processing duties secondary exists considered next leader primary failure platform designed secondary becomes primary lower rank generators promoted exception detected pre defined schedule election triggers forked proof history generator poh generators designed identity signs generated se quence fork occur case poh generators identity compromised fork detected two different historical records published poh identity xc runtime exceptions hardware failure bug intentional error poh generator could cause generate invalid state publish signature state match local validators result validators publish correct signature via gossip event would trigger new round elections validators accept invalid state bonds slashed network timeouts network timeout would trigger election slashing slashing occurs validator votes two separate sequences proof malicious vote remove bonded coins circulation add mining pool vote includes previous vote contending sequence eligible proof malicious voting instead slashing bonds vote removes remove currently cast vote contending sequence slashing also occurs vote cast invalid hash generated poh generator generator expected randomly generate invalid state would trigger fallback secondary secondary elections secondary lower ranked proof history generators proposed approved proposal cast primary generators sequence proposal contains timeout motion approved super majority vote timeout secondary considered elected take duties scheduled primary soft handover secondary inserting message generated sequence indicating handover occur inserting invalid state forcing network fallback secondary secondary elected primary fails secondary considered first fallback election xc availability cap systems deal partitions pick consistency avail ability approach eventually picks availability objective measure time consistency picked reasonable human timeouts proof stake verifiers lock amount coin stake allows vote particular set transactions locking coin transaction entered poh stream like transaction vote pos verifier sign hash state computed processing transactions specific position poh ledger vote also entered transaction poh stream looking poh ledger infer much time passed vote partition occurs long verifier unavailable deal partitions reasonable human timeframes propose dynamic approach unstake unavailable verifiers number verifiers high unstaking process fast number hashes must generated ledger low unavailable verifiers stake fully unstaked longer counted consensus number verifiers rds unstaking timer slower requiring larger number hashes generated missing verifiers unstaked large partition like partition missing verifiers unstaking process slow transactions still entered stream verifiers still vote full rds consensus achieved large amount hashes generated unavailable verifiers unstaked difference time network regain liveness allows us customers network human timeframes pick partition want continue using recovery system propose ledger fully recovered failure means anyone world pick random spot ledger create valid fork appending newly generated hashes transactions verifiers missing fork would take long time additional bonds become valid branch achieve rds super majority consensus full recovery zero available validators would require large amount hashes appended ledger xc unavailable validators unstaked new bonds able validate ledger finality poh allows verifiers network observe happened past degree certainty time events poh generator producing stream messages verifiers required submit signatures state within ms number reduced depending network conditions since verification entered stream everyone network validate every verifier submitted votes within required timeout without actually observing voting directly attacks tragedy commons pos verifiers simply confirm state hash generated poh gen erator economic incentive work simply approve every generated state hash avoid condition poh gener ator inject invalid hash random interval voters hash slashed hash generated network immediately promote secondary elected poh generator verifier required respond within small timeout ms example timeout set low enough malicious verifier low probability observing another verifiers vote getting votes stream fast enough collusion poh generator verifier colluding poh generator would know advance invalid hash going produced vote scenario really different poh identity larger verifier stake poh generator still work produce state hash xc censorship censorship denial service could occur ard bond holders refuse validate sequences new bonds protocol defend form attack dynamically adjusting fast bonds become stale event denial service larger partition designed fork censor byzantine bond holders larger network cover byzantine bonds become stale time smaller byzantine partition would able move forward longer period time algorithm would work follows majority network would elect new leader leader would censor byzantine bond holders participating proof history generator would continue generating sequence prove passage time enough byzantine bonds become stale bigger network super majority rate bonds become stale would dynamically based percentage bonds active byzantine minority fork network would wait much longer majority fork recover super majority super majority established slashing could used permanently punish byzantine bond holders long range attacks poh provides natural defense long range attacks recovering ledger point past would require attacker overtake valid ledger time outpacing speed poh generator consensus protocol provides second layer defense attack would take longer time takes unstake valid validators also creates availability gap history ledger comparing two ledgers height one smallest maximum partition objectively considered valid asic attacks two opportunities asic attacks exist protocol parti tion cheating timeouts finality asic attacks partitions rate bonds unstaked non linear net


tron tron robust blockchain ecosystem designed developed blockchain developers world follows philosophy decentralize web multiple kinds products involved tron ecosystem including public chain wallet client decentralized applications dapps etc products closely related together supports stability whole ecosystem tron public chain overview tron public chain decentralized blockchain network implemented based tron protocol performs core tron ecosystem launched jun th many things done tron public chain including token assets issuing dapp deployment running stake vote gains assets transferring etc tron public chain one secure public chain systems present reason outstanding blockchain runs decentralized network environment creation storage data rely specific individuals organizations data ensured never changed cryptography tron public chain better operational efficiency stability public chains due well designed architecture code present tron ecosystem set year roadmap exudos odyssey great voyage apollo star trek eternity design top level system protocols public chain made exudos odyssey essential stage large scale practical development tron public chain key versions including tron public chain test net version odyssey v tron public chain main net version odyssey v tron virtual machine tvm making ethereum smart contracts fully compatible odyssey v memory database accessing tron public data odyssey v supporting multi signature account authority management odyssey v adding rocksdb new underlying data engine odyssey v new decentralized incentive mechanism odyssey v new consensus mechanism tposgreat voyage v development tron public chain reached stage great voyage architecture tron public chain realizes design highly abstract modularisation separates system several core modules including underlying network data storage consensus transaction actuator tvm application layer interface underlying network underlying network module set customizable efficient message response systems built based netty high performance network framework underlying network module separated two modules node communication node discovery node discovery implemented based kademlia algorithm meets requirements node discovery decentralized network environments defend eclipse witch attacks set node scoring mechanism node communication module uses tcp data transfer based flexible extensible message registration response mechanism designed business layer data storage designed data storage module support fast rollback memory database khaosdb fast blockchain switching reflect ultimate pursuit performance tron public chain also published chainbase database product blockchain system based excellent interface design data storage module supports switching data engines leveldb rocksdb well customized development data engines needed implement corresponding interface set chainbase consensus tron public chain currently adopts dpos consensus algorithm enables maximum tps blocks categorized solidified un solidified block tap performance potential public chain reduce limits cap theory distributed systems give consideration data availability consistency solidified blocks cannot rolled back un solidified blocks contain latest transaction data full nodes provide data inquiry services types blocks meet various needs users designed excellent chain governance mechanism attributes implementation dpos algorithm super representatives srs super representative partners srps initiate voting requests proposals voting votes srs counted determine whether proposal takes effect proposal include adjustments blockchain parameters opening new features etc proposal mechanism prevent node multiple restarts blockchain update improves efficiency consensus provides channel community supervision super representatives tron consensus mechanism dpos chain governance incentive mechanism decentralized election tron public chain produces two types roles super representative sr super representative partner srp participate chain governance sr srp initiate votings specific proposals srs srps give opinions proposals voting ensures blockchain governance entirely decentralized tron public chain precise efficient incentive mechanism promote self prosperity blockchain srs power packing transactions producing blocks obtaining block production incentives srs sr partners gain awards based votes get time ordinary voters earn stake reward voting srs srps amount incentive transparent distribution process entirely decentralized incentive mechanism tapos double spend attack always issue needs treated strictly history public blockchain tron tapos mechanism defend kind attacks improves safety tron public chain trc token support trc token based system contracts issued simply tron public chain trc standard significantly reduces cost token circulation system contract transactions consume bandwidth trc token transactions done decentralized exchange built tron public chain trc tvm smart contracts tron virtual machine tvm implemented tron public chain fully compatible ethereum virtual machine evm tvm reduce learning cost developers due born advantage dpos consensus algorithm tron public chain also improves operational efficiency reduces cost made many optimizations tvm reduce cost operational cost dapps also develop lot new features support business logic smart contracts including batch signature verification contract address judgment etc tvm overview getting started dapp development resource model tron public chain excellent resource model designed dynamic adjustment mechanism resource model parameters useful feedback regulation brief explanation mechanism number processing transactions positively correlated resource fee every user certain amount free resource quota users stake trx acquire free bandwidth energy corresponding amount votes voting srs rewarded base voting volume resource model core applications tron ecosystem overview tron public chain large scale distributed operating system tens thousands nodes running service terminals world like office microsoft power tron public chain cannot separated support application software prosperity tron ecosystem needs community developers work together many brilliant software tron ecosystem present wallet client wallet cli wallet cli official wallet client maintained tron foundation wallet cli command line version wallet provides essential tools communicate tron public chain rpc protocol supports functions tron public chain real time wallet cli also excellent code implementation show interactive mode clients blockchain developers wallet cli tronlink tronlink outstanding tron wallet dedicated providing users complete functions convenient experience secure funding options applications tronlink official website tronlink intergration blockchain explorer tronscan org first blockchain explorer based tron tronscan org essential functions blockchain explorer including searching transactions accounts blocks nodes smart contracts chain statistics token creation etc tronscan org also built web wallet dex based bancor protocol enrich application matrix tronscan tronscan dapp tron public chain attracted tens thousands community developers join development deployment running dapps blockchain reason high performance safety low cost q total number dapps tron public chain exceeded users tron ecosystem growth healthy growth tron ecosystem never separated ecological products products development testing listed lite client full node accessible devices lower specs lite full node solves problem massive data occupation full node lite full node provide service like full node stores fraction data support shielded transaction tron public chain provides security functions data trondex optimization current dex supports trc automatic transaction matching trc decentralized transaction sidechain based sun network dappchain based sun network attracts dapp developers deploy blockchain mixture pbft dpos getting ready coming cross chain implementation tron community products countless star products community tronz supports shielded transaction tronz currently mpc process shielded coin based tron public chain published process done blockchain explorer tronscan defi decentralized finance first staking lending platform trx staked exceeded similar product makerdao developer tools tronweb provides js front end tool code communicating blockchain tronide provides integrated tool editing deploying testing calling smart contracts trongrid provides full node extra api services tronlink troklink great tron wallet developed community runs android ios pcs chrome extension vital entrance dapps tronlink users present future tron always adhering concept haste makes waste past two years day began build ecosystem looking back many things present core public chain product java tron keeping stable operation besides many brilliant products ideas like wallet clients blockchain explorers side chains based sun network different kinds dapps outstanding community developers important part forms tron ecosystem today future adhere value concept decentralized web keep going following areas cross chain based tron public chain full support shielded transactions safer faster tvm integrate products like btfs bring application scenarios dapps exploration defi area updated months ago event log


skip content search jump pull requests issues marketplace explore shahadalkhalifa goldcoin wiki public code issues pull requests actions projects wiki security insights goldcoin whitepaper greg matthews edited page jan revisions pages main menu home goldcoin whitepaper faq clone wiki locally gold standard digital currency goldcoin peer peer cryptocurrency finally delivers promises decentralization completely built maintained team dedicated volunteers firmly believe bringing economic freedom world thanks principles focus game changing usability features like two minute confirmation speeds instant conf transactions goldcoin fundamentally changing cryptocurrencies economies operate table contents staying true original vision need third parties goldcoin improving good ideas goldcoin unique vision demystifying goldcoin cryptocurrency trouble traditional money goldcoin cryptocurrency inspirations blockchain distributed public ledger blockchain account record blockchains game changing advantages cryptocurrency wallet app account creating transaction messages broadcasting transaction messages private blockchains keeping record accesible goldcoin mining digging deeper concept block retargets rewards inflation rate comparisons goldcoin represents evolution money barter origins back basics problems along way goldcoin vs usd goldcoin developing world goldcoin vs cryptocurrencies breaking bad throttling blockchain transaction backlog rising fees compromised protocol segregated witness introducing dependency lightning network dwindling fees miners get shaft increased regulatory exposure unsolved routing issues chain scaling return intelligent design thin clients vs full nodes increased network capacity free transactions conf transactions philosophy practice goldcoin hard money living hard money tradition goldcoin strives best worlds hood unique features securing network golden river algorithm multi pool resistant golden river vs algorithms torture tested wild calming storm smooth flowing adjustment defense system percent attacks work goldcoin stops percent attacks people goldcoin goldcoin core value proposition goldcoin ethereum cryptocurrencies restoring internet roots ushering web putting context get started goldcoin late good time buy legal disclaimer white paper constitute investment legal advice downloading reading agree use information contained within solely responsible outcomes gains losses might experience abstract improving extant peer peer electronic currencies would heighten viability value stores users investors diverse motivations building proven concepts demonstrated systems bitcoin goldcoin team proposes cryptocurrency addresses critical vulnerabilities including percent attacks scaling bottlenecks transaction fees asic attacks using difficulty algorithms block enhancements programmatic tools maintain stable network trends block generation events network tries compensate inflationary tendencies malicious intervention bad actors steering software implementation forward spirit philosophies first put forth satoshi nakamoto goldcoin sets become invaluable tool self guided wealth redistribution developing world wealthier nations alike staying true original vision goldcoin pure open source proof work pow cryptocurrency based original bitcoin protocol first released bitcointalk org public forum may th making one earliest cryptocurrencies come existence sets goldcoin apart fact development intimately follows ideals propounded satoshi nakamoto anonymous creator bitcoin strongly advocated chain scaling chain scaling ensures security network increases size network amount value needs protected grows nakamoto used word gold multiple times original whitepaper describe inner workings historic protocol gold also term means value every english speaking person earth therefore better brand could exist project wholly dedicated developing secure valuable currency ever known longer humanity willing enslaved whims banks central authorities people world discover secrets unlocked following pages want us dollars euros yen people world demand goldcoin need third parties bitcoin created world first cryptocurrency designed decentralized cash payment system central authority go betweens addition inflation rate maximum supply guaranteed consensus mechanism nakamoto whitepaper drew clear line sand proposed system electronic transactions without relying trust unlike fiat currencies ages past bitcoin indeed currency egalitarian intent geared towards empowering users using free open source foss coding standards create automated processes would oversee transactions transparent accessible predictable fashion words free choice baked fundamental mechanism trustless design classical financial systems remain enslaved whims greatest wealth fates investors hurtle along strapped tides fickle markets bitcoin promised level playing field substituting unadulterated mathematics corruptible human decision making goldcoin improving good ideas invention historic bitcoin one weakness time project drifted away roots suffered proliferation manipulatory investments traditional financial institutions found compromised original protocol contaminated weakened bitcoin failed keep pace usage adoption new corporate handlers throttled blockchain publicly ridiculed vision creator insisted bitcoin become settlement layer separate external networks created handle everyday transactions goldcoin rejects distortions deviations caused endless rifts crypto community building ideals satoshi nakamoto originally promoted improving per core philosophy goldcoin built world secure payment system goldcoin unique vision want change world granted freedom choice although every human must decide enact changes granting access novel tools gives better options pick goldcoin empowering freedom choice society traditionally relegated role voiceless many projects pursue similar goals methods like charity stem education funding political action job creation goldcoin recognizes contemporary society processes remain trapped economic system give asset management power need learning digital money mistakes past millennia economic experimentation crypto asset works give people control wealth goldcoin hard money super secure value store cash payment system new digital world demystifying goldcoin cryptocurrency goldcoin uniquely independent form digital money adheres values philosophies cryptocurrency leading innovators unlike traditional currency controlled central government authority figure including goldcoin development team instead goldcoin sole property owner last person received transaction goldcoin differ something like u dollar japanese yen swiss franc currencies known fiat currencies according merriam webster fiat term authoritative arbitrary order words main thing gives traditional money value fact government legal authority decided declare worth something sure people go along pretense work fiat limits say matter trouble traditional money fiat currency cause host problems commonly overshadow benefits instance governments corporations financial institutions easily manipulate price availability currencies like dollars enrich cost entire economies governments attempt manage money supplies fiat policies result deflationary inflationary trends induce social upheavals massive scales early th century hyperinflation german mark resulting political military turmoil unchecked devaluation zimbabwean dollar eventual abandonment fiat currency well established potential instability goldcoin cryptocurrency inspirations makes goldcoin superior option nothing perfectly stable key difference goldcoin implements variety essential features specifically designed sidestep pitfalls antiquated fiat currency systems goldcoin unique combination digital cash digital gold secured trustless permissionless blockchain blockchain distributed public ledger word cryptocurrency attracted growing interest early st century another phrase blockchain makes perfect sense two ideas closely related never dealt either links seem confusing blockchain account record cryptocurrencies work keeping transaction records shared public document called blockchain every validating node copy blockchain every time successfully receive send cryptocurrency funds evidence exchange gets stored specially formatted digital record known block pay funds someone else future another block record gets added old record forming chain records blockchain blockchains game changing advantages distributed among large groups networked users records reach consensus much cryptocurrency eliminates need trust bank cryptography crypto part term cryptocurrency originates makes possible verify connections different blocks catch certain types fraud automatically store records one place means need invest secure storage setup place heirloom bank vault cryptocurrency wallet app account blockchains kind shared ledger technology software based wallet application uses secure authentication keys access records given wallet address long string random looking numbers letters efepwnxpjjgfzmamzgroosdnquzasr goldcoin glc address qr code goes someone wants send money using goldcoin need qr code address creating transaction messages happens someone tries send cryptocurrency one wallet another suppose want send friend payment first ask friend address go wallet app enter address along amount want send pressing send wallet app create message transaction includes three important details input sender address amount amount cryptocurrency sent output recipient address broadcasting transaction messages wallet created message transfer wallet app broadcast information wallet apps network upon receiving transaction message wallet apps across network use cryptography verify sender address actually owned cryptocurrency tried send determine transaction follows network requirements wallet app owns receiving address friend show transaction unconfirmed specialized nodes called miners add transaction block unconfirmed transactions next miners attempt solve difficult mathematical cryptography problem process proves miner verified every transaction block meets rules network requires answer produced miner completed block broadcast across network wallet app easily checks work confirms everything matches transaction gets added blockchain new block wallets show transaction one confirmation wallets receive new block agreement transaction sent confirmed process repeats new transactions ensuring continuous unbroken record stretches back way beginning currency lifetime private blockchains keeping record accessible cryptocurrency organizations dilute currency independence implementing private blockchain technologies although many groups would claim actions serve greater good keeping ledger hands trusted authority activities raise two glaring problems depending called trusted authorities flies directly face nakamoto reason creating bitcoin impossible know whether third party trustworthy problems private blockchains one party controls ledger network participants mercy party government official legislator suddenly decides politically expedient prohibit general use cryptocurrency acquire massive market share profiting currency speculation target central trusted authority houses ledger seems like science fiction one needs look existing civil enforcement lawsuits brought u authorities cryptocurrency companies true people would agree government intervention great prevents fraudsters con artists scamming unwitting users unfortunately governments eschew laissez faire attitudes might help many currency markets thrive regulations help many corrupt governments shown central authorities much power always trusted implement laws fairly justly cryptocurrency continues transforming workings monetary systems governments undoubtedly take part determining things develop regardless one stands whether roles help hinder idea private blockchains clearly introduces major vulnerability could exacerbate regulatory impacts better worse heart cryptocurrency found spirit community good intentions aside private blockchains carry threat conflicts interest isolating ledger community sacrifice critical public oversight goldcoin mining digging deeper concept mining keeps cryptocurrency going whereas bank makes money charging clients interest overdraft fees host burdensome assessments cryptocurrency gives miners economic incentive maintain accuracy public record software pays reward mining wallets solve latest block cryptography math problems peers ensure cryptocurrency retains worth instead devalued inflation software varies key settings like amount cryptocurrency miners receive reward difficulty cryptocurrency problem confirmation speed amount time needed solve problem confirm transaction along settings simple tweaks mean certain amount coins ever get generated limiting inflation forging blockchain record give lot cash requires effort computer power worth people keep mining sustain record process user transactions know stand make profits newly generated cryptocurrency coins time transaction confirmed referred mined every cryptocurrency coin preset target interval block confirmed block retargets rewards achieve stability low latency goldcoin network tries produce one block every two minutes order maintain consistent block intervals difficulty must adapt retarget since introduction golden river retargets occur block list historical retarget times block times well historical block reward information block targets minute block targets till block minute block targets thereafter blocks per difficulty retarget block blocks per difficulty retarget block difficulty retargets block thereafter block rewards blocks glc blocks glc blocks glc values post fork development dispute values block reward drops glc block reward drops glc reward reduced year using following formula divided every year thereafter total blocks total premine zero premined total coins block reward ends year approximately transaction fees support miners thereafter inflation rate comparisons goldcoin inflation rate ensures market become saturated newly mined coins coin distribution balanced across future generations percent bitcoins mined percent goldcoins mined goldcoin inflation rate slow consistent compared others goldcoin represents evolution money cryptocurrency may strike something totally novel innovative like great idea however got roots eons development money likely evolving since prehistory cryptocurrency latest logical response many ills barter origins back basics economists agree predecessors today monetary systems barter trading arrangements cave dwelling ancestor spent day gathering fruits friend collecting perfectly rounded stones ax heads ancestor could trade according agreement friend seasons turned ancient hominids got smarter probably grew tired carrying around fruits rocks forgotten paleolithic economic genius wondered use seashells beads represent agreed value anyone use exchange material goods first money born eventually people pushed concept even switching precious metals paper money problems along way unfortunately everything smooth sailing even people invented banks help fellow humans keep money secure also came things like predatory lending discriminatory banking practices continue marginalize minority low income populations day government leaders always make easier financial systems thrive either instance u president franklin roosevelt took nation gold standard previously let anyone exchange u dollars usd gold federal reserve action followed footsteps similar legislation great britain intended make easier government artificially inflate money supply help country recover great depression also prohibited private citizens hoarding gold certificates coins bullion year saw u president richard nixon put final nail gold standard coffin total elimination gold standard government gained power print money regardless reserves actually held vaults fort knox usd became genuine fiat currency already wealth gained even power decide money could buy according whims goldcoin vs usd estimates dollar lost percent purchasing power since mid th century reason financial planners advise want something wise money hold onto cash diversified portfolios contain assets like precious metals stocks property help avoid inevitable swings fiat currency known humanity grown tired enslaved unfair corrupt fractional reserve banking system tolerate strangulating inflationary theft true usd world stablest currency everyday transactions compete comes building long term wealth storing value online goldcoin developers specifically set create cryptocurrency asset provides benefits old gold standard without practical disadvantages top heavy government interference goldcoin cutting need payment transfer mediums intermediaries bankers improving global remittances making easy people send money back home loved ones countries following lead cryptocurrencies rapidly powering way internet digital commerce u dollar become less real stopped backed gold cryptocurrency next step evolution make currency virtual purest form currency confidence network effect around agreed upon medium exchange promise scarcity bitcoin enforces scarcity combination cryptography economic incentives cryptoeconomics lot people find comforting relying good faith government math trust david sacks original coo product leader paypal goldcoin developing world one interesting aspects cryptocurrency development potential help wealthy communities although people places like u view goldcoin crypto assets merely passing investment trends make interesting news headlines others recognize true power nations whose economic systems stagnated years cryptocurrency holds tantalizing lure escape onerous fiscal regimes countries suffer hyperinflation face countless problems whether plights results decades misguided monetary policies infrastructural deficiencies global citizens struggle systems must contend extreme price fluctuations make hard survive inflationary events even carrying dangers like malnutrition violence human rights abuses goldcoin money stronger freedom ensured finally borderless trustless permissionless payment system gift entire world time come us people begin winning modern world uncommon already spent years trying accumulate wealth suddenly find efforts gone waste unable make purchases sadly solutions proposed traditional banking systems rarely promise anything experts even suggest time may ripe inflationary currency systems take toll wealthy nations goldcoin team working change relationships people developing world offering chances leverage value systems subject unjust manipulation since lets anyone transact internet connected device removes barriers entry make hard underserved accumulate financial wealth team fully committed promise letting people banks continually working improve tools allow people store access transfer funds developing software designed let people retain full control affairs anywhere time little cost goldcoin successfully built world perfect money secret coupling globally recognized brand hardened trustless protocol design goldcoin vs cryptocurrencies although cryptocurrencies like bitcoin widely hailed innovative nature many fell prey problems time ways people used wallets mining computers cryptocurrencies evolved need novel technological solutions unanticipated issues big challenges cryptocurrencies like bitcoin include fact transactions take longer investors find harder sustain profitable portfolios currency prices change relatively weak algorithms expose system theft allowing attacker double spend funds single address limited block capacities make hard cryptocurrencies scale meet demand users try place transactions breaking bad throttling blockchain start bitcoin designed scale chain intended cash payment system minimal fees dedicated settlement layer block size sufficient meet network demand natural balance occurs transactions sent efficiently little cost network throttled case bitcoin simply enough block space system meet demand results network overloaded users forced pay high fees due limited capacity bitcoin introduced block size limit later satoshi decided maximum block size improved security otherwise attacker might try using unlimited block size perform distributed denial service ddos assault network based transaction volume time satoshi decided mb block capacity would sufficient volume grew would increase size allow network scale even provided formula used code would trigger increase based block height never intended block size remain mb would effectively break system cause network become overloaded send fees skyrocketing several proposals set forth raise block size disappearance bip bip none solutions adopted core development team proponents small blocks promote idea block size allowed grow would become unmanageable voices reason ordinary users would unable afford machines capable running full nodes condition would lead network centralization true full nodes would eventually require high end computers mining capitalist enterprise commercial mining operators always compete share network revenue transaction backlog rising fees enough capacity network handle transaction demand users required pay growing fees order compete limited block space led development unnatural fee market resulted instances transaction fees exceeded cost items purchased cases users paying fees x x actual item cost pay high enough fee transaction could delayed days weeks might never confirmed compromised protocol segregated witness bitcoin core development team came compromise increasing capacity network without increasing block size segregated witness short means separate transaction signatures segwit also prerequisite lightning network since segwit transactions take less space regular transactions possible network process greater number transactions per block estimates could lead virtual block sizes approaching mb however important realize scheme come without cost since signature info gets separated discarded segwit could harder prove legal validity transactions adhere evidence la