from may 1 through july 30 , 2007 , a total of 29 cases of locally acquired cyclospora infection were reported in british columbia ( figure 1 ; table 1 ) .
an initial investigation was conducted around the 6 laboratory - confirmed case - patients reported in the last 2 weeks of may and the first week of june ( phase 1 ) .
no common exposure was reported , and case reports subsided . during the last week of june , case reports resumed , and phase 2 of the investigation was initiated .
a total of 19 confirmed and 4 probable cases were identified with symptom onsets during june 28july 20 , 2008 .
average time from symptom onset to positive laboratory result was 17 days ( range 631 days ) . confirmed and probable cases of cyclosporiasis ( n = 29 ) , by date of onset , british columbia , canada , may  august 2007 . *
laboratory - confirmed cases were reported to public health by medical diagnostic laboratories and specimens forwarded for confirmation to the public health reference laboratory .
oocysts included shape ( spherical ) , size ( 810 m in diameter ) , oocyst wall ( well - defined ) , internal contents with refractile globules , autofluorescence , and modified acid - fast or safranin staining ( 1 ) . during phase 2 , a total of 17 confirmed case - patients were interviewed with hypothesis - generating questionnaires about items eaten in the 2 weeks before symptom onset .
the instrument included questions about restaurant history with meal details ; grocery stores frequented ; and yes / no questions about > 70 fruits and vegetables , 8 herbs , and 16 mixed foods ( e.g. , salsa , pesto ) previously implicated in outbreaks of foodborne disease .
frequently reported foods were compared with population controls from canadian ( waterloo , ontario ) and american ( oregon ; us foodborne diseases active surveillance network [ foodnet ] ) published food consumption surveys ( 35 ) .
although such measurements may be limited by the timing of questionnaire administration and the recall period considered , they can be useful comparators during the hypothesis - generating stages of an investigation . by the end of phase 2 , strawberries , cilantro , and sweet basil
garlic and red peppers also were commonly eaten by case - patients ; however , population comparisons were unavailable .
eighty - eight percent of case - patients reported having eaten romaine lettuce ; 85% of controls in the waterloo survey ( 4,5 ) had eaten lettuce of any type , and romaine lettuce consumption was much less commonly reported in the foodnet survey ( 3 ) ( table 2 ) .
a formal case  control study was considered premature in the early stages of phase 2 because no strong hypothesis emerged from early interviews and comparisons to population controls .
we further explored the plausibility of various hypotheses through a combination of methods described below that allowed room for additional hypotheses to emerge or existing hypotheses to strengthen as cases accrued .
* case - patients were 17 persons with laboratory - confirmed cases interviewed during phase 2 ( june 24july 21 , 2007 ) .
us foodnet , foodborne diseases active surveillance network ; na , not applicable . detailed questionnaires asked whether foods were eaten in a restaurant or were store - bought and about type of packaging and method of preparation ( because c. cayetanensis is heat - sensitive ) ( 6 ) .
we reinterviewed early case - patients using the second questionnaire and interviewed later case - patients using both questionnaires . in phase 1 ,
garlic eaten at restaurants by all 4 persons with confirmed infections were traced back to different suppliers ; only 1 case - patient ate raw garlic in a restaurant .
three case - patients also reported eating cooked garlic at home ; cooking would have inactivated the pathogen . early and proactive collaboration with cfia involved a general assessment of the country of origin and distribution patterns for frequently eaten foods . according to cfia records ,
romaine lettuce and red peppers sold during the exposure period were not imported from a known cyclospora - endemic country and were widely distributed in canada and the united states .
comm . ) . because interviews , population control comparisons , and product distribution limited suspected foods to strawberries , cilantro , and basil , we began preliminary traceback of all 3 suspected items . environmental health officers and regional cfia staff
interviewed grocery store owners , restaurant managers , and distributors to trace produce to its supplier .
local strawberries eaten by case - patients from 3 small markets were traced back to 2 local farms in geographically separate regions of british columbia .
cilantro eaten by case - patients was traced to 2 suppliers ; both supplied home - grown rather than imported produce .
of 14 case - patients with confirmed basil exposures , 4 ( 57% ) ate only organic basil supplied by distributor a. additionally , 4 ( 29% ) reported multiple basil exposures , including exposure to organic basil from distributor a ( figure 2 ) . in british columbia , organic basil enjoys a smaller market share than the conventional product .
traceback of basil eaten by persons with confirmed cyclosporiasis ( n = 14 ) , british columbia , canada , may
august 2007 . in phase 2 , 12 ( 71% ) of 17 case - patients reported shopping at grocery c. records of any grocery store purchases for the households of 8 consenting case - patients were obtained through grocery c s savings card program ; other case - patients were not cardholders .
all purchase histories were requested for 1 month before symptom onset to account for the typical incubation period plus product shelf life .
records from 3 ( 38% ) case - patients showed purchases of the same organic basil supplied by distributor a. two case - patients had bought organic basil on the same day at the same location .
of the remaining 5 case - patients who recalled purchasing organic basil but whose consumer card records did not confirm it , 2 had not used their cards for large portions of the incubation period .
we collected supplier information for organic basil during a visit to the distribution warehouse and local farm site of distributor a. the remaining 2 ( 14% ) case - patients with basil exposure previously unlinked to distributor a were confirmed through trace - forward from distributor a. the first had eaten organic basil at a smaller market supplied by distributor a under another trade name .
the second had eaten conventional basil from a grocery store supplied by distributor a. distributor a confirmed using organic basil to supplement conventional basil shipments when supply was low .
late summer outbreaks of cyclosporiasis in british columbia are unusual ; distributor a confirmed that imported product was used throughout the summer in 2007 because of a poor local growing season .
all case - patients in phase 2 who recalled basil exposure ( 82% ) could have been exposed to organic basil from distributor a. once this common vehicle was identified , cfia conducted a full traceback of organic basil by using formal documentation including invoices , shipment numbers , and airway bills . the suspected imported basil was no longer available for testing .
using distributor a invoices , we identified a specific shipment of organic basil imported from 1 of 2 mexican supplier farms , and cfia notified mexican authorities .
the mexican farm was located in a region previously linked to cyclosporiasis outbreaks ( r. cardinal , cfia , pers .
detailed interviews , modified traceback of several suspected items , and information about product distribution and market share led to organic basil as a primary hypothesis .
food regulators could pinpoint a specific shipment and trace it to its origin because consumer cards provided the exact purchase dates for basil that case - patients could not recall .
overall , the approach used in this investigation increased the work load typically requested of team members during foodborne outbreaks .
however , this combination of investigative methods successfully identified a single vehicle during a community cyclosporiasis outbreak where a common menu was not available .

 investigations of community outbreaks of cyclosporiasis are challenged by case - patients poor recall of exposure resulting from lags in detection and the stealthy nature of food vehicles .
 we combined multiple techniques , including early consultation with food regulators , traceback of suspected items , and grocery store loyalty card records , to identify a single vehicle for a cyclosporiasis outbreak in british columbia , canada , in 2007 .


brucellosis is a zoonotic disease mostly transmitted to humans through consumption of unpasteurized dairy products and can lead to a systemic disease with any organ involvement . in this report , we describe a case of brucellosis - induced avascular necrosis of the hip .
brucellosis was diagnosed through serological tests , and avascular necrosis of the femoral head was confirmed by pelvic mri .
the patient was treated with a combination of antimicrobial treatments and referred to the orthopedic service for total hip arthroplasty .
brucellosis may present with unusual manifestations and should be always taken into consideration , particularly in endemic areas .
brucellosis is a zoonotic disease mostly transmitted to humans through consumption of unpasteurized dairy products of infected animals ( 1 ) .
it is a serious public health problem particularly in endemic areas , and is accompanied by .
the disease is endemic in iran and has a high prevalence in lorestan province , central iran ( 3 ) .
brucellosis is a systemic disease that may involve any organ in the body ( 4 ) .
osteoarticular involvements including arthritis , spondylitis , osteomyelitis , tendonitis , and bursitis occur frequently and are reported in 3085% of patients with brucellosis ( 5 ) .
the involvement of the large peripheral joints is usually manifested as monoarthritis ( 1 ) . although the hip joints involvement may happen in brucellosis , brucellosis - induced avascular necrosis of the hip
, we describe a case of brucellosis that complicated by avascular necrosis of the femoral head .
the patient was a 50-year - old rural farmer and rancher who presented with groin pain for six months before admission .
he reported no history of trauma , underlying diseases , and steroids and alcohol use . over the previous six months
, he had experienced symptoms including .fever , night sweats , weakness , fatigue , anorexia , and weight loss of 10 kg .
the patient was visited by a local therapist ; in addition there was a delay in timely referral due to his addiction to opium .
the groin pain was his most severe complaint on admission so that he could not bear his weight on the right leg .
the physical examinations on admission showed stable vital signs , there was no organomegaly , and the right hip was in flexion and external rotation position so that any active and passive motion increased the pain .
the results of laboratory study were as follows : complete blood count ( cbc ) : nl , liver function test ( lft ) : nl , rheamatic factor ( rf ) : neg , antinuclear antibody ( ana ) : neg , blood culture : neg , elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( esr ) , c - reactive protein ( crp ) : positive , and standard agglutination test for brucellosis : positive ( table 1 ) .
pelvic radiography and magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) were administered showing avascular necrosis of right femoral head ( fig . 1 , 2 ) .
the patient was subsequently treated with standard antibrucellosis regimen : streptomycine 1gr / d i m for three weeks , doxycycline 100mg / bid po , and rifampin 600mg / d po .
.despite the improvement in the patient s general condition and laboratory evidence showing infection control , the patient was suffered from right groin pain and limitation of motion in the hip joint .
although osteoarticular involvements , especially arthritis in the large peripheral joints , are among the most common manifestations of brucellosis , no joint destruction has been reported in many studies ( 5 ) . despite few reports on the permanent joint complications of brucellosis - induced peripheral joint arthritis , hip joints pyogenic infection has a poor prognosis , particularly if treatment is delayed ( 6 ) .
delays in diagnosis and treatment of brucellosis - induced hip arthritis could lead to complications including dislocation and avascular necrosis of the femoral head ( 4 ) .
although aspiration and examination of the joint fluid were not performed due to lack of synovial effusion on admission , considering the positive serological tests for brucellosis and concurrent avascular necrosis of the femoral head on mri , it seems that the delay in diagnosis and treatment of brucellosis in this patient had led to avascular necrosis of the femoral head .
finally , the following questions arise : was avascular necrosis caused by increased intra - articular pressure related to the infection or due to direct involvement of the femoral head by the organism ?
since brucellosis is a systemic infection with a broad clinical spectrum ranging from asymptomatic forms to deaths in severe cases , this disease should be taken into considerations when dealing with any patient with various and nonspecific symptoms in endemic areas with extension of the clinical signs of brucellosis .
moreover , early diagnosis and long - term treatment and follow - up are of great importance in brucellosis .

 backgroundbrucellosis is a zoonotic disease mostly transmitted to humans through consumption of unpasteurized dairy products and can lead to a systemic disease with any organ involvement . in this report , we describe a case of brucellosis - induced avascular necrosis of the hip .
 brucellosis was diagnosed through serological tests , and avascular necrosis of the femoral head was confirmed by pelvic mri .
 the patient was treated with a combination of antimicrobial treatments and referred to the orthopedic service for total hip arthroplasty .
 brucellosis may present with unusual manifestations and should be always taken into consideration , particularly in endemic areas .


As the Nameless officially do not exist, the upper echelons of the Gallian Army exploit the concept of plausible deniability in order to send them on missions that would otherwise make Gallia lose face in the war. While at times this works to their advantage, such as a successful incursion into Imperial territory, other orders cause certain members of the 422nd great distress. One such member, Gusurg, becomes so enraged that he abandons his post and defects into the ranks of Calamity Raven, attached to the ideal of Darcsen independence proposed by their leader, Dahau. At the same time, elements within Gallian Army Command move to erase the Nameless in order to protect their own interests. Hounded by both allies and enemies, and combined with the presence of a traitor within their ranks, the 422nd desperately move to keep themselves alive while at the same time fight to help the Gallian war effort. This continues until the Nameless's commanding officer, Ramsey Crowe, who had been kept under house arrest, is escorted to the capital city of Randgriz in order to present evidence exonerating the weary soldiers and expose the real traitor, the Gallian General that had accused Kurt of Treason.


=== Music ===


== Legacy ==


== Construction ==


-John M Harrel Telegram, January 31, 1861


The Little Rock Arsenal was classified in 1860 as an "arsenal of deposit," meaning that it was simply a warehouse for the storage of weapons intended for the use of the state militia in times of crisis. Thus there were no substantial operations for ordnance fabrication or repairs, nor for the manufacture of cartridges at the time the Arsenal fell into State hands. Most of these operations were started from scratch through the efforts of the Arkansas Military Board.


This ammunition, and that which I brought with me, was rapidly prepared for use at the Laboratory established at the Little Rock Arsenal for that purpose. As illustrating as the pitiful scarcity of material in the country, the fact may be stated that it was found necessary to use public documents of the State Library for cartridge paper. Gunsmiths were employed or conscripted, tools purchased or impressed, and the repair of the damaged guns I brought with me and about an equal number found at Little Rock commenced at once. But, after inspecting the work and observing the spirit of the men I decided that a garrison 500 strong could hold out against Fitch and that I would lead the remainder - about 1500 - to Gen 'l Rust as soon as shotguns and rifles could be obtained from Little Rock instead of pikes and lances, with which most of them were armed. Two days elapsed before the change could be effected. "


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Good shoe for office work. They will scuff very easy so be aware.


I have had the Patricia II wedge in black for about 1 year & wore them regularly in season.  When I saw the Patricia at a good price in navy (from 6pm), I purchased them because I thought they would fit just like my Patricia IIs.  I was wrong, and paid the price with return shipping that 6pm doesn't pay.

The crocs website says that crocs aren't suppose to fit like other sandals - they are suppose to be looser & thus more comfortable - I normally wear an 8-1/2, so have now tried both an 8 & a 9 in the Patricia shoe (I have an 8 in the Patricia II).  The Patricia 9 swims on my feet & they would be a hazard to walk around in.  The size 8 fits my left foot (which is my wider foot) but is too narrow on my right foot.  When I placed the shoes sole to sole, I did notice a slight difference in the width, which, apparently, my foot notices too.  I can only conclude a manufacturing defect.  But, it is this shoe specifically or the form for this shoe? (others have written the shoe is narrow).

Consequently, if you have a wider foot, order the Patricia II instead of this one & if you are a 1/2 size, order down, not up.


Width not right and size too small if width had been just little wider and ordered size larger would have been good. Loved the shoe look


I received these shoes and they weren't the same as the picture described them, they were a different color. When i tried to return them, the shipping wasn't paid for. So i had to pay $20 for shipping. A waste of time and money. I dont recommend anyone to buy from TheSmartBuy.


They began to split alone the mesh material after a month but loved the shoe and the feel of it


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Usually love Ethnies product. In this case the raised arch area of one shoe is too far back and raised to the point of discomfort.
The other shoe fits fine.?? Had to wear em before I figured it out so im stuck with em.
Also, they do run a bit narrow(or at least one shoe did) ;)


Could not get my foot into the shoe.  Was disappointed and returned them.


Everything about the boot is great.


Nice looking shoe, okay for short-term wear.  Much narrower than other size 11's  that I have - tight fit!


from cape horn to the amazon how i got onto the platform i'm unable to say perhaps the canadian transferred me there but i could breathe i could inhale the life giving sea air


next to me my two companions were getting tipsy on the fresh oxygen particles poor souls who have suffered from long starvation mustn't pounce heedlessly on the first food given them we on the other hand didn't have to practice such moderation


we could suck the atoms from the air by the lungful and it was the breeze the breeze itself that poured into us this luxurious intoxication ahhh conseil was putting in


what fine oxygen let master have no fears about breathing there's enough for everyone as for ned land he didn't say a word but his wide open jaws would have scared off a shark


and what powerful inhalations the canadian drew like a furnace going full blast our strength returned promptly and when i looked around i saw that we were alone on the platform no crewmen


those strange seamen on the nautilus were content with the oxygen circulating inside not one of them had come up to enjoy the open air the first words i pronounced were words of appreciation


and gratitude to my two companions ned and conseil had kept me alive during the final hours of our long death throes but no expression of thanks could repay them fully for such devotion


good lord professor ned land answered me don't mention it what did we do that's so praiseworthy not a thing it was a question of simple arithmetic your life is worth more than ours so we had to save it


and you my gallant conseil you suffered a great deal not too much to be candid with master i was lacking a few throatfuls of air but i would have gotten by


it took my breath away in a manner of confounded by this lapse into banality conseil left his sentence hanging my friends i replied very moved


Confidence in the pound is widely expected to take another sharp dive if trade figures for September , due for release tomorrow , fail to show a substantial improvement from July and August 's near-record deficits .


Chancellor of the Exchequer Nigel Lawson 's restated commitment to a firm monetary policy has helped to prevent a freefall in sterling over the past week .


But analysts reckon underlying support for sterling has been eroded by the chancellor 's failure to announce any new policy measures in his Mansion House speech last Thursday .


This has increased the risk of the government being forced to increase base rates to 16 % from their current 15 % level to defend the pound , economists and foreign exchange market analysts say .


`` The risks for sterling of a bad trade figure are very heavily on the down side , '' said Chris Dillow , senior U.K. economist at Nomura Research Institute .


`` If there is another bad trade number , there could be an awful lot of pressure , '' noted Simon Briscoe , U.K. economist for Midland Montagu , a unit of Midland Bank PLC .


Forecasts for the trade figures range widely , but few economists expect the data to show a very marked improvement from the # 2 billion -LRB- $ 3.2 billion -RRB- deficit in the current account reported for August .


The August deficit and the # 2.2 billion gap registered in July are topped only by the # 2.3 billion deficit of October 1988 .


Sanjay Joshi , European economist at Baring Brothers & Co. , said there is no sign that Britain 's manufacturing industry is transforming itself to boost exports .


At the same time , he remains fairly pessimistic about the outlook for imports , given continued high consumer and capital goods inflows .


Japanese electronics giants in LCD joint venture Hitachi, Toshiba and Matsushita Electric have formed a joint venture to manufacture large liquid-crystal displays for flat-screen televisions, escalating competition for a piece of the digital living room.


MP3 Portable Market to Hit \$52B by 2008 Apple will be getting some stiff competition in the coming year. A slew of manufacturers will soon offer players utilizing small 1 quot; hard drives that help propel the iPod and allow them to compete more favorably in the market.


Hakkinen back at Mercedes Finland #39;s two-time Formula One champion Mika Hakkinen ended his three year exile from motor sport on Saturday agreeing to drive for the Mercedes team in the 2005 German Touring Car Championship.


Victory Looms for Karzai as Vote Probe Continues Hamid Karzai was assured of a majority in Afghanistans election to become its first democratically chosen president. With nearly 95 per cent of votes counted, the interim leader already has more than half


Playing with the traumas of war Are games based on the Vietnam conflict making us immune to realities of history?


Cost Cuts Boost Southwest Air Profit Southwest Airlines (LUV) on Thursday said third-quarter earnings rose 12 percent due to higher revenue and better cost performance even though record-high fuel prices stung the low-cost carrier.


Bettis, Steelers post eighth straight win CINCINNATI - Jerome Bettis ran for 129 yards and the Pittsburgh Steelers #39; blitzing defense created havoc in the second half in a 19-14 win over the Cincinnati Bengals yesterday.


Chip and PC Stocks Mixed on Warnings Semiconductor stocks were mixed Tuesday after Advanced Micro Devices Inc. warned quarterly revenue would be lower than expected due to sluggish sales of flash memory chips used in mobile phones and other devices.


Boeing CEO: Jet Market Recovery Slower (Reuters) Reuters - Boeing Co. Chief Executive Harry\Stonecipher said on Friday the U.S. aircraft maker's archrival\Airbus was exaggerating the speed of recovery in the commercial\airplane market.


Retailers Vie for Back-To-School Buyers (Reuters) Reuters - Apparel retailers are hoping their\back-to-school fashions will make the grade among\style-conscious teens and young adults this fall, but it could\be a tough sell, with students and parents keeping a tighter\hold on their wallets.


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Recalling its resolution 72/244 of 24 December 2017 on the modalities for the Intergovernmental Conference to Adopt the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration, in which it decided that the Intergovernmental Conference should elect two Presidents and recommended the provisional rules of procedure set forth in the annex to that resolution for adoption at the Intergovernmental Conference,


Recognizing the need for further strengthening of cooperation between the United Nations and the League of Arab States in the pursuit of the common goals and objectives of the two organizations,


G


Invites the United Nations system, including funds, programmes and specialized agencies, including the World Health Organization, regional commissions and relevant envoys of the Secretary-General, as well as the Stop TB Partnership, hosted by the United Nations Office for Project Services, UNITAID, hosted by the World Health Organization, and the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, as appropriate, to participate in the high-level meeting, as appropriate, and urges them to consider initiatives in support of the preparatory process and the meeting, particularly with regard to sharing good practices, challenges and lessons learned from tuberculosis-related responses;


Noting also that, in some countries, both formal and informal educational activities on the rights of Nature or Mother Earth have arisen in the professional and public spheres in the context of the promotion of sustainable development, and encouraging a holistic approach of education and public awareness for sustainable development in its three dimensions,


Recognizing further that adolescent girls, in particular those who live in poverty or who are marginalized, are at particular risk of maternal death and morbidity, including obstetric fistula, and concerned that the leading cause of death among girls aged 15 to 19 in many low- and middle-income countries is complications from pregnancy and childbirth and that women aged 30 and older are at increased risk of developing complications and of dying during childbirth,


Urges all Member States to provide the fullest possible financial and political support to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime by widening its donor base and increasing voluntary contributions, in particular generalpurpose contributions, so as to enable it to continue, expand, improve and strengthen, within its mandates, its research, operational and technical cooperation activities;


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(CNN) -- Shelling hit areas near two key cities in eastern Ukraine on Sunday morning, intensifying fears that a ceasefire that took effect less than two days ago may be falling apart. Why is the ceasefire under strain? A variety of fighting factions in the conflict zone -- on both sides -- may not fall directly under a military chain of command. The pro-Russian rebels are mostly volunteer militias; fighting against them on the Ukrainian side are at least some far-right nationalist militias. Controlling these groups is difficult and some may have different aims, including sabotaging the truce. At this point it's been nearly impossible to figure out who's doing the firing and why. The conditions of the ceasefire agreement don't help either. The conditions are vague and at this point there doesn't seem to be an effective mechanism in place inside the conflict zone to monitor and enforce the agreement. Why can't the two sides' leaders control their forces? It's unclear if Kiev has control over all of the fighting forces in eastern Ukraine. Some of the volunteer militias fighting alongside Ukrainian soldiers are far-right nationalists who've been critical of the current government in Kiev, but they're still fighting because they feel Ukraine is under attack by Russia. And who controls the pro-Russian rebels? Is it the local commanders? Is it Russian President Vladimir Putin? None of that is clear. Which side has the most to gain from the truce? If the truce leads to good-faith negotiations and a compromise, then both sides can gain. A compromise could look like something like this: The pro-Russian region of Donbas gets autonomy and self-determination under a federalized Ukrainian government, and in return the rebels drop their demand for independence and Kiev gets to protect Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity. There are elements on both sides that don't want a compromise, and they could certainly have the potential of undermining the truce. What happens next? We wait to see if the overnight shellings and firings are an anomaly or if they're a sign of more violence and more fighting. If the ceasefire sticks, both sides have agreed to hold talks that will address the core issues and demands on both sides that are still unresolved -- including the disarming of the rebels, a guarantee of self-determination for the pro-Russian Donbas region, the fate of Russian-annexed Crimea, constitutional reform, and a solution to the humanitarian crisis in the conflict zone. Obviously if the fighting continues, all bets are off. What effect does this have on the rest of the world? What happens in the coming days will determine the next move by NATO and Western leaders. If the ceasefire falls apart, the West will likely turn up the pressure by following through with sanctions and bolstering Western forces in NATO's Baltic-member states. Moscow has already threatened to respond if that happens. The bottom line is, the conflict will escalate and so will the prospects of a regional conflict -- although at this point that seems unlikely.

Shelling in eastern Ukraine raises fears that a ceasefire may fall apart .
Reza Sayah: It's been nearly impossible to say who's doing firing and why .
It's unclear who has control over fighting forces on either side in east Ukraine .
There are elements on both sides that don't want a compromise .


(CNN) -- Remember when oil giant BP paid billions of dollars to clean up its own mess from the 2010 Gulf oil spill? Then the company agreed to plead guilty to criminal charges and pay an unprecedented $4 billion fine for the spill. In the latest development, Wednesday, BP was essentially told to stand in the corner when it comes to winning new federal contracts -- a potentially huge blow to the company's bottom line. And it's still likely on the hook for civil penalties the federal government hopes to recover for environmental damages. So, is BP being punished enough for the deadly and destructive Deepwater Horizon spill, or too much? It depends on who you ask. This matters. BP says it supports nearly a quarter of a million American jobs and has invested $52 billion in the United States since 2007. Experts suggest punishments ranging from massive fines to banning the company from offshore drilling. However this all shakes out, it likely will send a powerful message to the industry. Families of killed rig workers react to BP settlement . First, here's what happened Wednesday: . The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency said it will block BP from new government contracts due to its "lack of business integrity" stemming from the 2010 explosion and oil spill. It was a tragedy that killed 11 oil workers and dumped 205 million gallons of oil into the Gulf in a slow-moving, 85-day national drama that prosecutors called the worst environmental disaster in U.S. history. This month hasn't been good to BP. The decision follows the London-based company's agreement November 15 to plead guilty to criminal charges including manslaughter, obstruction of Congress and environmental violations related to the explosion and spill -- an agreement that still requires a judge's approval. What it means . Wednesday's EPA decision means BP won't be allowed to compete for new contracts, grants or other business until the company shows it meets federal business standards. As of February, BP had $9 billion in contracts to supply the U.S. government with fuel, most of it destined for military users, said Christine Tiscareno, a London-based analyst with S&P Capital IQ. Those contracts aren't affected by the EPA decision, the agency said. BP said it's already filed paperwork to get back in good graces with the EPA, said the agency is already preparing an administrative agreement to lift the suspension and highlighted what the company says it's done to rectify the situation. "As BP's submissions to the EPA have made clear, the company has made significant enhancements since the accident," the company said in a statement. "The company launched an internal investigation immediately after the accident, publicly released the results, and has been implementing all 26 of the investigation's recommendations." What's ahead . The next big step in the case comes in February, when a civil trial is expected to begin over the government's demand for civil damages under the Clean Water Act. That case could draw huge new fines for the company. The disaster, in addition to claiming 11 lives, caused disruption to countless residents and businesses, many of whom counted on the Gulf for their livelihoods, whether in the oil fields, fishing grounds or tourist beaches. For some, including environmentalists, the company couldn't be fined enough or spend enough money to get back on their good side. "Well, you know, we're discussing the worst environmental disaster in U.S. history," said Matt Dundas, acting campaign director at the environmental group Oceana. "The punishment needs to fit the crime." But, he said, the record $4 billion fine BP is expected to pay as a result of the criminal case is a tenth of the maximum it could have faced, making it small consolation to BP's harshest critics. The fine, while a record for the U.S. justice system, represents less than three months worth of profits for BP. The company reported $5.2 billion in profits in the quarter that ended September 30. Dundas is now rooting for the maximum possible verdict in the civil case -- $50 billion in fines. But he says there's only one punishment that would really get BP and other oil companies to sit up and take steps to prevent what Dundas says is the overwhelming risk of another large oil spill: being kicked out of the game entirely. "I think a terrific minimum would be to bar them from offshore drilling," he said. "That's really the only standard that's going to get oil companies to pay attention." The head of a trade association representing BP and other oil and gas operators in Louisiana and the Gulf of Mexico said Wednesday that BP has already complied with government requirements. "BP has done everything that the federal government has asked and more. ... This new EPA designation is another layer," said Chris John, president of the Louisiana Mid-Continent Oil and Gas Association. "How much is enough, when the economy in America is trying to dig out of the recession, and energy ... is a very important component to getting Americans back to work?" The EPA's decision could have a negative impact beyond BP, he said, affecting other companies in the industry who have also complied with regulators. "The companies that operate out in the Gulf of Mexico, they can go anywhere, they're global. They can drill anywhere in the world," John said. "They have chosen to come back to the Gulf in the past few years. ... This additional statement and designation by the EPA has to play into their decision of where to put their capital." BP didn't directly address whether it believes it has paid enough for the disaster, but noted Wednesday that it has spent $14 billion in response and cleanup costs, $1 million on restoration projects and $9 billion in compensation and expects to spend $7.8 billion more to resolve the majority of outstanding claims. Owning up . The company also pointed out it has acknowledged criminal responsibility, carried out recommendations made by investigators who studied the incident and has taken actions to strengthen safety and drilling standards that exceed federal regulations. Tiscareno, the oil analyst, said that while the costs to BP have been steep, they are bearable for the company. The big question is what happens in February, when the civil case goes to trial. Tiscareno said she expects BP, which has taken a long-term approach to recovering from the spill, will recover financially unless the civil trial nets an "irrational" decision. A huge verdict could pose problems for BP, Tiscareno said, but she said the government can't go too far in gutting the firm because of all the jobs and tax revenues the company provides. BP has invested $52 billion in the U.S. in the last five years, employs 23,000 U.S. residents and indirectly supports nearly 250,000 jobs, the company said Wednesday. "The U.S. needs BP as much as BP needs the U.S.," Tiscareno said. CNN's Kendra Wates and Catherine E. Shoichet contributed to this report.

NEW: Trade association: "BP has done everything that the federal government has asked"
Two years after the oil spill, experts weigh in on possible punishments for BP .
BP says it expects the temporary ban will be lifted soon .
The EPA says the oil giant showed a "lack of business integrity"


Adel Taarabt appeared for QPR for the first time since his public fall-out with Harry Redknapp in Monday afternoon's reserve game against Ipswich Town. The Moroccan's days at Loftus Road appeared to be numbered after his extraordinary spat with Redknapp last month. Taarabt claimed his manager never takes a training session after Redknapp had accused the midfielder of being 'three stone overweight' following the 3-2 defeat to Liverpool. VIDEO Scroll down to watch Harry Redknapp say  Taarabt's camp have told blatant lies . Adel Taarabt has played just three first-team games for QPR this season after returning from loan at AC Milan . Taarabt laughed off claims by QPR manager Harry Redknapp that the midfielder was 'three stone overweight' The 25-year-old was due to play for the club's Under 21s last week, but wasn't included in the draw against Swansea. However, Taarabt came through 90 minutes in the 3-0 win against Ipswich Town as he tries to prove his fitness to his boss. The former Spurs man, who has been hampered by an ankle injury, has been limited to just three appearances for the R's this season after returning from a loan spell at AC Milan. Taarabt hit back at Redknapp during an exclusive interview with Sportsmail last month . Taarabt spent last campaign on loan at Fulham and then Serie A side AC Milan .

Moroccan played 90 minutes for Under 21s in 3-0 win against Ipswich Town .
Taarabt has made just three first-team appearances for the R's this season .
Midfielder was accused of being 'overweight' by manager Harry Redknapp .
Taarabt hit back and claimed Redknapp never took training sessions .


By . Wills Robinson . PUBLISHED: . 11:14 EST, 6 March 2014 . | . UPDATED: . 12:19 EST, 6 March 2014 . Members of the feminist punk group Pussy Riot have been attacked by a gang of men inside a Russian McDonalds. Nadya Tolokonnikova and Masha Alyokhina were covered in paint while they sat and had breakfast in the city of Nizhny Novgorod. The pair, who were jailed for hooliganism in 2012, also had pepper spray, green antispetic and metal thrown in their faces during the assault. Scroll down for video . Attacked: Nadya Tolokonnikova and Masha Alyokhina were covered in paint during the assault while they sat and had breakfast in the city of Nizhny Novgorod . Distressed: The pair spoke directly into the camera after the incident . They were visiting the area to inspect a local prison with Peter Verzilov and members of NGO 'Zone of the Rights'. Tolonnikova allegedly left the restaurant with a 'cut forehead' and the group have complained to the police. She was seen getting up from her seat and clutching her face during the incident. while the gang of men continually shouted abuse. When the attack eventually stopped, one of the men held up a sign to the camera while another was seen shouting down the lens. At around 7.00 am the group barged into the fast food restaurant where the musicians and their crew were eating. Gang: They were covered in paint, antiseptic and pepper spray by the group of men . Prolonged: The gang shouted abuse while they continued to launch the liquids at the members of the feminist band . Close: One of the attackers faced up to Nadya Tolokonnikova, preparing to throw something at her . Abuse: The individuals continued to shout at the musicians while a crowd built up behind them . It is not the first time the group have been targeted by members of the public. At the start of the Sochi winter . Olympics, members of the group were whipped and tackled to the ground by Cossacks as . they sang in protest. The . band started to perform an anti-Putin song under a sign advertising the . Winter Olympics. But singer Tolokonnikova was brutally whipped . in the attack and the guitarist was left bloodied and bruised. Last month, Tolokonnikova was filmed saying the anti-government protests in Ukraine were an 'inspiation'. She was also among those arrested during protests outside a Moscow courthouse. Tolokonnikova and Alyokhina were released from seperate prisons on December 23, 2013 after the Russian State Duma approved an amnesty. Speech: An attacker spoke into a camera owned by the NGO 'Zone of the Rights' in the aftermath of the assault . Slogan: One man holds up a sign to the camera before the group leave the restaurant .

Nadya Tolokonnikova and Masha Alyokhina were also pepper sprayed .
The pair were in city of Nizhny Novgorod visiting a local prison .
Alyokhina reportedly left the fast food restaurant with a 'cut forehead'


I've seen this movie on several different occasions. I find one of the funniest things to do is to just watch the reactions of the different types of people who go to see it.

Type 1: OLD PEOPLE. A lot of old Japanese men and women go to this movie because they think it will be a honest-to-goodness samurai movie with lots of swordplay and medieval Japanese dialogue. As soon the two protagonists begin debating horror movies while inserting expletives almost randomly throughout their sentences, the old people walk out, usually disgusted.

Type 2: FILM SNOBS. These people think that just because a movie bears the label of "Independent" that it will automatically be a load of hard-to-follow, overemotional crap that may or may not be in English. Yet they see it anyway just to sing praises about it later so that people will think they are intelligent and cultured. They are really in for a surprise when they see this film. As soon as the blood begins to squirt exaggeratedly from anime-inspired sword battles or the over-the-top villain nonchalantly pegs a dog with his crossbow during a phone conversation, these people will be so dismayed, they will walk out. A few will stay just to see "how bad it will get" and later they'll rave about what a horrible film it was to their friends.

Type 3: PEOPLE EXPECTING TO SEE LIVE-ACTION ANIME OR MATRIX-LIKE SPECIAL EFFECTS. Sorry folks, the martial arts are pretty solid in the film, but director Yamasato really doesn't have the budget for that kind of thing.

Type 4: PEOPLE WITH NO EXPECTATIONS. These are the people who really enjoy the film. Whether they had only heard of Blood of the Samurai, picked it at random, or stumbled into the wrong theater in an alcoholic haze, these are the people who will laugh at all the jokes and appreciate the movie for what it ultimately is: ENTERTAINMENT. This movie was not made to enlighten or to provoke deep spiritual thought, it was meant (if I may borrow a line of dialogue from the film) to "really kick some ass." And that's what it does.

So depending on what type of person you are, you may or may not enjoy this film; however, if you appreciate the movie for what it is and can enjoy an excess of blood and acting, then go see this movie and make sure to bring your friends.


...would probably be the best word to describe this film (in my opinion). besides one great heck of a fan service for fan girls (well, that was redundant~), it was the story that blew me away. hurray for Takahisa Zeze and Gackt! and i know some people will disagree with me on this one, but it wasn't any of the big three actors (the guys that played Sho, son, and Kei) that gave the best performance (for me, anyway). it was Taro Yamamoto, boy #5 from battle Royale!

don't get me wrong, i like Hyde, i worship his voice, but the problem was that some of his scenes came a little bit 'off', but i loved that scene where he danced with the dead guy's body killing the other guys. and Gackt wasn't at all that bad too, i preferred how his character was kind of aloof from the start. nothing much i can say about my background on lee-Hom Wang, i won't pretend to know him, but he carried his own weight with the star-studded cast.

this movie paved the way for one of the best collaborations I've ever heard, Orenji No Taiyou (forgive my spelling if it's wrong). while the complete song lasts about nine minutes, you wouldn't notice the length because you'd be enjoying hearing Gackt and Hyde together.

anyway, this movie is a must-see not only for the fans (huge fan base~) but for those who enjoy sci-fi, futuristic movies, Asian-style.


It's very sad that Lucian Pintilie does not stop making movies. They get worse every time. Niki and Flo (2003) is a depressing stab at the camera. It's unfortunate that from the many movies that are made yearly in Romania , the worst of them get to be sent abroad ( e.g. Chicago International Film Festival). This movie without a plot , acting or script is a waste of time and money. Score: 0.02 out of 10.


Oh my God what the hell happened here?!! I'm not going to say this again but what sort of backward movie is this? The dubbing in this is way worst than the dubbing in "King Kong vs Godzilla",Linda Miller had to be the worst actress in it and the suits are really cheesy.Its about some villain called Dr.Who who gets henchmen to build a robot gorilla that has the same strength as King Kong but when this robot breaks down he builds another one and then tries to kidnap Kong.When he does(thats when Linda Miller gets annoying)he makes Kong his slave but everything goes wrong and King Kong escapes.Then Dr.Who sends the robot after him.

Later when I was watching the movie I got a headache when Linda Miller and the other clowns started moaning.As I sat through the misery of watching the DVD while it was playing I was hoping that the madness in the movie was going to end until the fight.The ending has to be a really bad one because they could've shown Kong back on his island fighting dinosaurs again.

Don't watch the movie under any circumstances or if you do... beware of the disappointment you will receive.


This movie is pretty cheesy, but I do give it credit for at least trying to provide some characterization for it's principles. There are some great moments in the film and the dialogue has some great moments as well.

The aerial assault sequence is perhaps the best part of the movie.

I guess I really like the idea of what lengths a veteran will go for a fellow veteran. Sure it's not all that well done, but the premise is not at all bad.

Tom


Initially I was put off renting this movie due to the jacket art for the DVD. In fact, this held true with friends of mine who didn't rent it due to the art and the mental image(s) it conjured of being a movie that held little or no interest to me (or to my friends). But, I rented and watched it and was truly amazed.

I agree with another user's comments that this movie is not for everyone due to the blatant sexual inferences, so it is definitely not something I'd want young children to watch (and doubt seriously if they would understand it anyway).

I enjoy movies like this whereby the character's personalities and who they are are genuinely defined in a no-nonsense, direct way with no teasers to indicate they will turn out bad. The acting done ... was it acting? Ricci and Jackson performed so well, I was drawn into this movie not even realizing they were acting. Same thing with the story ... may seem far-fetched somewhat, but it was done so very, very well. It reminded me of another movie with Mel Gibson, Tim, where each character had limitations, whether mental or circumstantial, so were well-defined.

I found much depth in this movie with the character's involved, so feel that everyone involved (from the cameramen to the actors) should be commended on a perfect fit/result. After viewing this movie, I had talked to a couple of friends who had a negative approach to watching it like I did, so after hearing my comments, they rented and watched it. They, too, were quite surprised at how good it was. It is too bad that the art on the jacket was done the way it was since it is a turn off. I can see now how the art applies, but I'd not heard of this movie before, and the art was my first impression ... art sells or destroys DVD sales/rentals.

These characters had more depth to them and good timing was allotted to give an audience like me time to absorb the "feel" for each. I felt I could trust the movie to flow well, and it did. So, with the jacket art aside, I would recommend watching this movie.


The novel WEAPON which serves as the basis for this atrocious piece of garbage is one of the best techno-thrillers to come down the pike in a long time.The character of SOLO, who is NOT supposed to look like a human, is a wonderful creation and it was simply awful to see him reduced to just another Terminator-clone with Mario Van Peebles horrendously trying to "act" like a robot. There is NOTHING worthwhile about this film.

Why does Hollywood insist on snapping up the rights to excellent novels and then butchering them? There are so many things wrong with SOLO that listing them seems as unfair as inviting a man with no legs to a brisk game of Hopscotch. Avoid this awful film and seek out the 2 novels by ROBERT MASON that feature the awesome character of SOLO. The books are WEAPON and an excellent sequel SOLO.But don't pay any attention to this awful dreck of a film.


El Padrino has just been released in Europe and is really kicking ass. This film with its great cast - Damian Chapa ( Blood in Blood Out ), Robert Wager, Jennifer Tilly, Robert Wagner and many more ) - is the best gangster movie since SCARFACE. A Film that everyone MUST SEE. 2 hours full of action with fantastic unbelievable stunt !!!!

GRACIAS JENNIFER !!!! We are eagerly waiting for part 2 !!!! Does anyone know if there will be one ? Keep up the good work !!! I loved it !!


In the literal sense....

Reminds you of those "cops-and-robber" or cowboys-indians" role-playing games you played with your 8 year old friends.

Tedious and un-inspired, the storyline was obviously written to make bad acting and dialogue seem as part of the plot, but all it does is showcase it. I cant believe John Badham let his name be associated with this piece of crap. This could have been done better by a high school film buff who had been given the camera lighting, filmstock and editing

Destined to be a time-filler on Sci-fi channel, when they've overused everything else from their library, and barely better than the paid programming shill downstream.


I am very surprised by the positive comments because there were four of us that saw this at one screening and we all walked out. We personally felt that it was painfully slow to watch and couldn't sit through the whole movie. And we really tried to stick with it. In particular, those in the group who really wanted to like it because of their personal experiences with sexual orientation alienation in the school years depicted didn't like or identify with it at all. :(

That said, it is great to see that this film really resonated with a lot of people here on the boards and with reviewers. That's the beauty of the subjective art form of film. :)


Working with one of the best Shakespeare sources, this film manages to be creditable to it's source, whilst still appealing to a wider audience.

Branagh steals the film from under Fishburne's nose, and there's a talented cast on good form.


Well...tremors I, the original started off in 1990 and i found the movie quite enjoyable to watch. however, they proceeded to make tremors II and III. Trust me, those movies started going downhill right after they finished the first one, i mean, ass blasters??? Now, only God himself is capable of answering the question "why in Gods name would they create another one of these dumpster dives of a movie?" Tremors IV cannot be considered a bad movie, in fact it cannot be even considered an epitome of a bad movie, for it lives up to more than that. As i attempted to sit though it, i noticed that my eyes started to bleed, and i hoped profusely that the little girl from the ring would crawl through the TV and kill me. did they really think that dressing the people who had stared in the other movies up as though they we're from the wild west would make the movie (with the exact same occurrences) any better? honestly, i would never suggest buying this movie, i mean, there are cheaper ways to find things that burn well.


Ouch! This one was a bit painful to sit through. It has a cute and amusing premise, but it all goes to hell from there. Matthew Modine is almost always pedestrian and annoying, and he does not disappoint in this one. Deborah Kara Unger and John Neville turned in surprisingly decent performances. Alan Bates and Jennifer Tilly, among others, played it way over the top. I know that's the way the parts were written, and it's hard to blame actors, when the script and director have them do such schlock. If you're going to have outrageous characters, that's OK, but you gotta have good material to make it work. It didn't here. Run away screaming from this movie if at all possible.


I've seen some crappy movies in my life, but this one must be among the very worst. Definately bottom 100 material (imo, that is).

We follow two couples, the Dodds (Billy Bob Thornton as Lonnie Earl and Natasha Richardson as Darlene) and the Kirkendalls (Patrick Swayze as Roy and Charlize Theron as Candy) in one car on a roadtrip to Reno.

Apparently, Lonnie isn't too happy with his sex-life, so he cheats on his wife with Candy, who's despirately trying to have a baby. Roy, meanwhile, isn't too sure if his sperm is OK so he's getting it checked by a doctor.

Now, I had read the back of the DVD, but my girlfriend didn't, and she blurted out after about 20 minutes: 'oh yeah, she's gonna end up pregnant but her husband can't have any baby's'. Spot on, as this movie is soooo predictable. As well as boring. And annoying. Meaningless. Offensive. Terrible.

An example of how much this movie stinks. The two couples set out in their big car towards Nevada, when they are stopped by 2 police-officers, as they didn't stop at a stop-sign. The guys know each other and finally bribe the two officers with a case of beer. Not only is this scene pointless and not important (or even relevant) for the movie, it takes about 5 minutes! It's just talk and talk and talk, without ever going somewhere.

I still have to puke thinking about the ending though. Apparently, Roy ISN'T having problems down there so he IS the father of the child. How many times does that happen in the movies... try something new! The cheated wife ultimately forgives her husband and best friend for having the affair and they all live happily ever after. Yuck.

Best scene of the movie is right at the end, with a couple of shots of the Grand Canyon. Why couldn't they just keep the camera on that for 90 minutes?

One would expect more from this cast (although Thornton really tries), but you can't really blame them. Writers, shame on you!

1/10.


I had been looking forward to seeing this film for a long time, after seeing "Return to Paradise," which I found to be gritty. I was so disappointed. The most realistic thing about it was the unpredictable ending which I think was partly stolen from "Return to Paradise."

Maybe I was expecting too much.

On the positive side Danes, Beckinsale and Pullman were fantastic in their roles. Although I didnt like Danes's character and first and found her very annoying.

I couldnt see anything realistic about the film. It could of been done so much better, for example there could of been more emphasis on the prison conditions and the sheer horror. It was too cheery a movie to be realistic. There could also of been more action and tension

The best thing about this film is the "tragic" ending. I couldnt of predicted that. But by that time I really didnt care what happened to them.

3/10


Effect(s) without cause is generally not possible in the real world but in the world of Hollywood remakes, not only is it possible, it's required. The Haunting has been given the computer treatment courtesy of a 1st-class cinematographer-turner-director who once showed promise (Jan de Bont- Speed) but has since produced a string of big budget garbage (Twister, Speed 2).

Actor are superfluous in a movie of this type and they seem to realize it. Liam Neeson and Cathrine Zeta-Jones act like they wish they were anywhere but in this film. Lili Taylor makes an attempt to add something to the proceedings but whatever that something might be is unknown since the script feels like half of it is missing. Events just happen, good and bad ghosts show up with no rhyme or reason and then the story just ends with a most unsatisfying non-event meant to wrap up the previous 90 minutes of inanity.

There really isn't even reason to see this for the effects since we all know that anything can be put on screen now. Why not watch effects in the service of a good story instead of just for their own sake?


This picture started out with good intentions, Bacon the scientist out to test the theory of invisibility, and Shue is cute as usual in her role. It all falls apart after that, it's your typical Hollywood thriller now, filmed on a soundstage with special effects galore, minus any kind of humour, wit or soul. In other words, don't waste your time watching this. Get the audiocassette tape with John DeLancie as the Invisible Man instead, also starring Leonard Nimoy. Now that was good, and HG Wells is well served, unlike with this mess.


I chose to see this movie because it got a good score here on IMDb. But a lot of people either have really poor taste or someone's been fixing the score.

Either way it was a real disappointment. The movie is exactly as stupid and far fetched as the title would suggest. There really is no reason to give a summary of the plot - but here goes: it felt like someone had been thinking: "Wouldn't it be cool to make a movie where there were snakes on a plane? And then the snakes for some reason would go crazy and start biting and stuff?!?" And that's about it! The plot is thin and unoriginal. The snakes are bad CGI (but it makes sense to cut corners on a movie that no one in their right mind will recommend to anyone!). The acting is poor, and all people are unbelievable stereo types.

To sum it up: It's one of the worst movies I've ever seen - stay away!


This film has to be the worst I have ever seen. The title of the film deceives the audience into thinking there maybe hope. The story line of the film is laughable at best, with the acting so poor you just have to cringe. The title 'Zombie Nation' implies a hoard of zombies when in fact there are six in total. This cannot be categorised as a horror film due to the introduction of cheesy 80's music when the zombies 'attack'. The zombies actually talk and act like human beings in the film with the only difference being the make up which looks like something out a La Roux video. If you ever get the chance to buy this film then do so, then burn the copy.


Input: Inclusion Criteria:  diagnosed with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) normal ECG during baseline evaluation  Exclusion Criteria:  history of liver disease, or elevated liver function tests history of cardiovascular disease


Input: Inclusion Criteria:  Pregnant mothers of the Phillips neighborhood in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Subject recruitment will take place in local clinics which serve pregnant women and offspring


Input: Inclusion Criteria:  Patients must have a diagnosis of cancer of any histologic type. Patients must have a Karnofsky performance status great or equal to 70%. Patients must have an expected survival for at least four months. Normal healthy volunteers to serve as control for this study. All patients must sign informed consent approved by the Committee on the Use of Human Subjects at the University of Minnesota  Exclusion Criteria:  Pregnant or lactating women. Females of child-bearing potential will be asked to take a pregnancy test before receiving vaccines. Serious intercurrent medical illnesses which would interfere with the ability of the patient to carry out the follow-up monitoring program. Immunization should not be administered during the course of any febrile illness or acute infection. Hypersensitivity to any component of the vaccine, including Thimerosal, a mercury derivative. The occurrence of any type of neurologic symptoms to tetanus vaccine in th past. Patients with a history of seafood allergy are excluded from receiving KLH. Subjects who have had tetanus toxoid within the last 7 years are not eligible for tetanus vaccine component of this protocol.


Input: Inclusion Criteria:  Patients are required to meet the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)for rheumatoid arthritis. Patients should be in functional class II, or III according to the criteria of the ACR. All candidates must be unsuccessfully treated (lack of efficacy) with at least two of the following disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: hydroxychloroquinine, oral or injectable gold, methotrexate, azathioprine, penicillamine, and sulfasalazine. Patients receiving nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids (<= 10 mg per day), or both are eligible if the dosage has been stable for at least four weeks before treatment and remained so throughout the study and follow-up period (the use of narcotics for pain flares is allowed). The necessary degree of disease activity at enrollment should be confirmed by a finding of 10 or more swollen joints, 12 or more tender joints, and one of the following two criteria: a Westergren erythrocyte sedimentation rate of at least 28 mm per hour or a serum C-reactive protein level of more than 2.0 mg per deciliter; or morning stiffness for at least 60 minutes. Patients must have adequate bone marrow function, adequate liver function, adequate renal function, calcium and electrolytes. Patients must have a dobutamine stress ECHO, or exercise cardiac MUGA, or exercise ECHO scan prior to entry and must fulfill certain criteria to be eligible. The spirit of the criteria are to rule out organic heart disease. Respiratory status: Patients who have FEV1 of >= 60% of predicted, as well as a maximum voluntary volume (MVV) of >= 60% of predicted, and blood gases with a PO2 of >= 60 or oxygen saturation of >= 90% are eligible.


Input: Inclusion Criteria:  Resting blood pressure below 140/90


Input: Inclusion Criteria:  Postmenopausal and preferably on hormone replacement therapy In good general health Have a body mass index (BMI, weight in kg/height in m2) of between 25 and 40 Exercise less than 20 min/day two days a week


Input: Inclusion Criteria:  Healthy volunteers (developmental phase) Healthy endurance-trained subjects Maximum age for males is 39 Maximum age for females is 49


Input: Inclusion Criteria:  Lack sufficient attached keratinized tissue at recipient surgical site in question


Input: Inclusion Criteria:  Obesity: BM +/- 95% for age general good health


Input: Children between the ages of 6 and 12 years with myopia in both eyes (defined as spherical equivalent between -1.25 D and -4.50 D in each eye as measured by cycloplegic autorefraction), astigmatism less than or equal to 1.50 D, and no anisometropia (defined as a difference in spherical equivalent between the two eyes greater than 1.0 D) are eligible for inclusion. Exclusion criteria include visual acuity greater than 20/25, strabismus, use of contact lenses, birth weight less than 1,250 grams, use of bifocal or progressive addition lenses, or any conditions precluding adherence to the protocol.


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Dec 10 '98 17 :46 P. 01

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Attorney General Betty D. Montgomery

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All

Packings

TYPE OF PACKINGS:

TYPE

OF

PACKINGS:

D. J. Landro

D.

J.

Landro

2- Dec- 97

Dec-

REPORTING PERIODS:

REPORTING

PERIODS:

TEST MARKET GEOGRAPHY:

TEST

MARKET

GEOGRAPHY:

Divisions 621 and 627 wisconsin

Divisions

and

wisconsin

PRICE POINT:

PRICE

POINT:

FULLS $ P/ V $

FULLS

P/

V

(Indicate Distributor's Cost Per Carton)

(Indicate

Distributor's

Cost

Per

Carton)

SALES FORCE INVOLVEMENT:

SALES

FORCE

INVOLVEMENT:

They have crew- worked distribution, and it is reported that they may crew- work it again Sales force has been busy promoting old style backs to clean up inventory. All POS is being converted to "B" Kool.

They

have

crew-

worked

distribution,

and

it

is

reported

that

they

may

crew-

work

it

again

Sales

force

has

been

busy

promoting

old

style

backs

to

clean

up

inventory.

All

POS

is

being

converted

to

"B"

Kool.

DISTRIBUTORS ACCEPTANCE INTRO TERMS INTRO DEALS INVOLVEMENT:

DISTRIBUTORS

ACCEPTANCE

INTRO

TERMS

INTRO

DEALS

INVOLVEMENT:

All accounts have the new packaging. It was not a problem obtaining new distribution. All accounts appear to have 100% distribution of new packings.

All

accounts

have

the

new

packaging.

It

was

not

a

problem

obtaining

new

distribution.

All

accounts

appear

to

have

distribution

of

new

packings.

CHAINS ACCEPTANCE/ MERCHANDISING:

CHAINS

ACCEPTANCE/

MERCHANDISING:

This has not been a problem. New packaging is just following on the old "packaging".

This

has

not

been

a

problem.

New

packaging

is

just

following

on

the

old

"packaging".

INDEPENDENTS ACCEPTANCE/ MERCHANDISING:

INDEPENDENTS

ACCEPTANCE/

MERCHANDISING:

Very well received. The packs are peing consolidated and promoted in select retail locations at 40 off $4 00 off cartons.

Very

well

received.

The

packs

are

peing

consolidated

and

promoted

in

select

retail

locations

at

off

off

cartons.

ADVERTISING EFFECTIVENESS OF P. O. S.:

ADVERTISING

EFFECTIVENESS

OF

P.

O.

S.:

The theme "B" Kool has replaced all previous POS. They have effectively replaced all old POS. New door signage, hour signs, poster mats, and clocks have the new design. "B" Kool also appears on billboards in llinois.

The

theme

"B"

Kool

has

replaced

all

previous

POS.

They

have

effectively

replaced

all

old

POS.

New

door

signage,

hour

signs,

poster

mats,

and

clocks

have

the

new

design.

"B"

Kool

also

appears

on

billboards

in

llinois.

PAGE 1 OF 2

PAGE

OF


cc:

cc:

From:

From:

Area:

Area:

Region:

Region:

X

X

Chains:

Chains:

Independents:

Independents:

11/05/97 11: 03

813 384 0683

LORILLARD TAMPA GREENSBOR

LORILLARD

TAMPA

GREENSBOR

0002/ 003

Retail Excel Progress Report

Retail

Excel

Progress

Report

Submission for:

Submission

for:

Distribution by/ to:

Distribution

by/

to:

DM to RSM 1st of Month RSM to R W. C. 10th

DM

to

RSM

of

Month

RSM

to

R

W.

C.

D. O. S.

D.

O.

S.

R. W. Caldarella

R.

W.

Caldarella

Kent B. Mills

Kent

B.

Mills

July 31

July

August 29

August

September 30

September

October 31

October

November 28

November

December 30

December

Acceptance/ Response:

Acceptance/

Response:

What is the retailers response to Lorillard's Excel

What

is

the

retailers

response

to

Lorillard's

Excel

Merchandising plan?

Merchandising

plan?

This program has been successful to date with chains where our "Flex

This

program

has

been

successful

to

date

with

chains

where

our

"Flex

Payment". was not place. The chains where were using the "Flex Payment" system we have not been las successful. The P. O. S. requirements of the P- 1 Plan with Oil Companies is difficult to obtain.

Payment".

was

not

place.

The

chains

where

were

using

the

"Flex

Payment"

system

we

have

not

been

las

successful.

The

P.

O.

S.

requirements

of

the

P-

Plan

with

Oil

Companies

is

difficult

to

obtain.

Additional P. V. merchandising is being secured quickly,

Additional

P.

V.

merchandising

is

being

secured

quickly,

Additional monies have assisted Region 17 in fighting PM Exclusives and PM/ RJR co-existence situations.

Additional

monies

have

assisted

Region

in

fighting

PM

Exclusives

and

PM/

RJR

co-existence

situations.

Hardware Evaluation/ Effectiveness:

Hardware

Evaluation/

Effectiveness:

Comment on the assembly of displays and

Comment

on

the

assembly

of

displays

and

application of shields:

application

of

shields:

The displays are easily assembled and durable. Some questions have been raised conceming the inability to be flush with the counter and/ or against the register. As well as the ability to place this or the Back Bar if the settlement goes through

The

displays

are

easily

assembled

and

durable.

Some

questions

have

been

raised

conceming

the

inability

to

be

flush

with

the

counter

and/

or

against

the

register.

As

well

as

the

ability

to

place

this

or

the

Back

Bar

if

the

settlement

goes

through

Pemanent Advertising Evaluation/ Effectiveness/ Acceptance: (P- 1/ P- 5 & C 5 Plans Only:

Pemanent

Advertising

Evaluation/

Effectiveness/

Acceptance:

(P-

P-

C

Plans

Only:

Not available at this time

Not

available

at

this

time


AUG 4

AUG 4

SEP 15

SEP 15

JUN 23

JUN 23

MAY 12

MAY 12

REGION:

REGION:

DIVISION:

DIVISION:

TO:

TO:

FROM:

FROM:

SUBJECT:

SUBJECT:

OLOGOLD.XLS

OLOGOLD.XLS

GEOGRAPHY

GEOGRAPHY

DISTRIBUTION

DISTRIBUTION

K. A. Sparrow

K.

A.

Sparrow

SUBMISSION DATE

SUBMISSION DATE

D. J. Landro

D.

J.

Landro

OLD GOLD MENTHOL LIGHTS & ULTRA LIGHTS 100'S PROGRESS REPORT

OLD

GOLD

MENTHOL

LIGHTS

ULTRA

LIGHTS

PROGRESS

REPORT

(ONLY IF PARTIAL REGION CONTINUE WITH DIVISION (S) SCOPE)

(ONLY

IF

PARTIAL

REGION

CONTINUE

WITH

DIVISION

(S)

SCOPE)

DIVISION NAME:

DIVISION

NAME:

DIVISION NAME:

DIVISION

NAME:

DIVISION NAME:

DIVISION

NAME:

Milw. South

Milw.

South

Milw. North

Milw.

North

DIVISION NAME:

DIVISION

NAME:

DIVISION NAME:

DIVISION

NAME:

DIVISION NAME:

DIVISION

NAME:

# REP

REP

# REP

REP

# REPS

REPS

DIRECT ACCOUNTS AND CHAINS HEADQUARTERED WITHIN THE REGION (15 + STORES) STOCKING NO OLD GOLD MENTHOL LIGHTS OR ULTRA LIGHTS 100'S

DIRECT

ACCOUNTS

AND

CHAINS

HEADQUARTERED

WITHIN

THE

REGION

STORES)

STOCKING

NO

OLD

GOLD

MENTHOL

LIGHTS

OR

ULTRA

LIGHTS

NAME OF ACCOUNT

NAME

OF

ACCOUNT

IND/LOR VOLUME

IND/LOR

VOLUME

NO. OF STORES

NO.

OF

STORES

NAME OF ACCOUNT

NAME

OF

ACCOUNT

IND/LOR VOLUME

IND/LOR

VOLUME

NO. OF TORES

NO.

OF

TORES

Page1 of 3 Pages

of

Pages

Walgreen Drug

Walgreen

Drug


LORILLARD

LORILLARD

TO:

TO:

FROM:

FROM:

DATE:

DATE:

AUG

AUG

SEPT

SEPT

OCT

OCT

NOV

NOV

MANUFACTURER

MANUFACTURER

BRAND:

BRAND:

X

X

12/ 10/ 36 09: 51

317 8450977

001/ 002

COMPETITIVE PRODUCT INTRODUCTION

COMPETITIVE

PRODUCT

INTRODUCTION

PROGRESS REPORT

PROGRESS

REPORT

MRS. K. A. SPARROW

MRS.

K.

A.

SPARROW

R. J. Reynolds

R.

J.

Reynolds

Camel Menthol

Camel

Menthol

Full Flavor Box and Light Box

Full

Flavor

Box

and

Light

Box

TYPE OF PACKINGS:

TYPE

OF

PACKINGS:

R. G. Ryan

R.

G.

Ryan

12/ 10/ 96

REPORTING PERIODS:

REPORTING

PERIODS:

(Forward by the 10th of the following month.)

(Forward

by

the

of

the

following

month.)

TEST MARKET GEOGRAPHY

TEST

MARKET

GEOGRAPHY

All of Region 7.

All

of

Region

PRICE POINT:

PRICE

POINT:

FULL $ 11.89 P/ V $ (Indicate Distributor's Cost Per Carton)

FULL

P/

V

(Indicate

Distributor's

Cost

Per

Carton)

Merchandising the top tray of permanent counter displays and labeling

Merchandising

the

top

tray

of

permanent

counter

displays

and

labeling

carton fixtures in the Camel section. Also placing metal signs and temporary counter displays.

carton

fixtures

in

the

Camel

section.

Also

placing

metal

signs

and

temporary

counter

displays.

SALES FORCE INVOLVEMENT:

SALES

FORCE

INVOLVEMENT:

DISTRIBUTORS - ACCEPTANCE/ INTRO TERMS/ INTRO DEALS:

DISTRIBUTORS

ACCEPTANCE/

INTRO

TERMS/

INTRO

DEALS:

Product is being introduced to all Direct: Accounts in the Region. Acceptance is spotty at this time.

Product

is

being

introduced

to

all

Direct:

Accounts

in

the

Region.

Acceptance

is

spotty

at

this

time.

DISTRIBUTOR INVOLVEMENT:

DISTRIBUTOR

INVOLVEMENT:

Assembly of promotional products and shipment to retail Indianapolis Direct Accounts are reported to be receiving B1G1F product.

Assembly

of

promotional

products

and

shipment

to

retail

Indianapolis

Direct

Accounts

are

reported

to

be

receiving

product.

CHAINS - ACCEPTANCE/ MERCHANDISING ALLOWANCE

CHAINS

ACCEPTANCE/

MERCHANDISING

ALLOWANCE

Chain acceptance has been very good.

Chain

acceptance

has

been

very

good.

INDEPENDENTS - ACCEPTANCE/ MERCHANDISING ALLOWANCE

INDEPENDENTS

ACCEPTANCE/

MERCHANDISING

ALLOWANCE

Acceptance is better at high volume locations than at lower volume retail calls.

Acceptance

is

better

at

high

volume

locations

than

at

lower

volume

retail

calls.

CAMEL WK1/ FMT

CAMEL

FMT

PAGE 1 OF 2

PAGE

OF


TO:

TO:

FROM:

FROM:

SUBJECT:

SUBJECT:

X

X

PRE-

PRE-

SELL

SELL

DISTRIBUTION

DISTRIBUTION

Sheetz

Sheetz

Kroger

Kroger

cvs

cvs

K. A. Sparrow

K.

A.

Sparrow

R. E. Lane

R.

E.

Lane

SUBMISSION DATE

SUBMISSION

DATE

JUNE 30

JUNE

AUG 11

AUG

SEP 22

SEP

NOV 10

NOV

STYLE LOW PRICE PROGRESS REPORT

STYLE

LOW

PRICE

PROGRESS

REPORT

EFFECTIVENESS OF: Transition Plan

EFFECTIVENESS

OF:

Transition

Plan

(Report on June 30 only)

(Report

on

June

only)

Overall pre- sell efforts were successful Retail accounts that previously stocked

Overall

pre-

sell

efforts

were

successful

Retail

accounts

that

previously

stocked

Style Full Price accepted the introduction of the low price

Style

Full

Price

accepted

the

introduction

of

the

low

price

BIGIF 2 FOR 1:

BIGIF

FOR

Proved to be an excellent tool for pulling the balance of Style Full Price packs through

Proved

to

be

an

excellent

tool

for

pulling

the

balance

of

Style

Full

Price

packs

through

the system. This aided the field greatly during the transition

the

system.

This

aided

the

field

greatly

during

the

transition

$ 7.00 CARTON COUPON/ BUYDOWN:

CARTON

COUPON/

BUYDOWN:

Effective in those retail calls that we could not exchange product out of.

Effective

in

those

retail

calls

that

we

could

not

exchange

product

out

of.

Those situations were limited.

Those

situations

were

limited.

DIRECT ACCOUNTS AND CHAINS HEADQUARTERED WITHIN THE REGION (15+ STORES) STOCKING NO LOW PRICE STYLE

DIRECT

ACCOUNTS

AND

CHAINS

HEADQUARTERED

WITHIN

THE

REGION

STORES)

STOCKING

NO

LOW

PRICE

STYLE

NAME OF ACCOUNT

NAME

OF

ACCOUNT

IND/ LOR VOLUME

IND/

LOR

VOLUME

NO. OF STORES

NO.

OF

STORES

NAME OF ACCOUNT

NAME

OF

ACCOUNT

IND/ LOR VOLUME

IND/

LOR

VOLUME

NO. OF STORES

NO.

OF

STORES

M. Maskos & Sons

M.

Maskos

Sons

Pollock Candy and Cigar

Pollock

Candy

and

Cigar

McKeesport Candy Co.

McKeesport

Candy

Co.

Sicc Serva

Sicc

Serva

Thrift/ Eckerd

Thrift/

Eckerd

104/ 22

521/ 42

137/ 20

DIRECT ACCOUNTS AND CHAINS HEADQUARTERED OUTSIDE THE REGION (15+ STORES) STOCKING NO LOW PRICE STYLE

DIRECT

ACCOUNTS

AND

CHAINS

HEADQUARTERED

OUTSIDE

THE

REGION

STORES)

STOCKING

NO

LOW

PRICE

STYLE

NAME OF ACCOUNT

NAME

OF

ACCOUNT

IND/ LOR VOLUME

IND/

LOR

VOLUME

NO OF STORES

NO

OF

STORES

NAME OF ACCOUNT

NAME

OF

ACCOUNT

IND/ LOR VOLUME

IND/

LOR

VOLUME

NO OF STORES

NO

OF

STORES

Rich Oil

Rich

Oil

Super America

Super

America

W H Smith

W

H

Smith

7- 11 318 Zon

Zon

Dairy Marts

Dairy

Marts

Widman Drugs

Widman

Drugs

STYLE XLS

STYLE

XLS

Page 1 of 3 Pages

Page

of

Pages


TO:

TO:

FROM:

FROM:

ITEMS

ITEMS

zbulan

zbulan

REQFORM

REQFORM

K. A. SPARROW

K.

A.

SPARROW

DATE TO NYO:

DATE

TO

NYO:

S. Reindel

S.

Reindel

Nassau/ 107

Nassau/

DIV. NAME/ NO:

DIV.

NAME/

NO:

1997 SPECIAL EVENT REQUEST FORM

SPECIAL

EVENT

REQUEST

FORM

NAME OF EVENT:

NAME

OF

EVENT:

"DATE OF EVENT:

"DATE

OF

EVENT:

H. Levinson Tradeshow

H.

Levinson

Tradeshow

SAMPLE 10'S (400 PACKS PER CASE)

SAMPLE

PACKS

PER

CASE)

SAMPLES/ ITEMS REQUIRED:

SAMPLES/

ITEMS

REQUIRED:

NEWPORT K. S.

NEWPORT

K.

S.

NEWPORT 100's

NEWPORT

NEWPORT LTS K. S.

NEWPORT

LTS

K.

S.

NEWPORT LTS. 100

NEWPORT

LTS.

KENT III K. S.

KENT

III

K.

S.

# CASES

CASES

KENT GL LTS K. S.

KENT

GL

LTS

K.

S.

GL 100

GL

KENT III 100

KENT

III

TRUE K. S.

TRUE

K.

S.

KENT K. S.

KENT

K.

S.

KENT 100

KENT

QUANTITY REQUIRED

QUANTITY

REQUIRED

BASEBALL CAP

BASEBALL

CAP

WATER BOTTLES

WATER

BOTTLES

SHIP TO:

SHIP

TO:

CUSTOMER SHIPPING NUMBER

CUSTOMER

SHIPPING

NUMBER

198- 1160006

NYO ONLY:

NYO

ONLY:

DATE FORWARDED TO PROMOTION SERVICES:

DATE

FORWARDED

TO

PROMOTION

SERVICES:

PLEASE ALLOW 6 WEEKS FOR PROCESSING OF YOUR REQUEST

PLEASE

ALLOW

WEEKS

FOR

PROCESSING

OF

YOUR

REQUEST


COURT:

COURT:

JUDGE:

JUDGE:

Asbestos

Asbestos

CASE FORM

CASE

FORM

CASE NAME:

CASE

NAME:

LORILLARD ENTITIES:

LORILLARD

ENTITIES:

DATE FILED:

DATE

FILED:

DATE SERVED:

DATE

SERVED:

CASE TYPE:

CASE

TYPE:

PLAINTIFF COUNSEL:

PLAINTIFF

COUNSEL:

LORILLARD COUNSEL:

LORILLARD

COUNSEL:

TRIAL DATE:

TRIAL

DATE:

Wartnick, Chaber, Harowitz, Smith & Tigerman Madelyn J. Chaber 101 California Street, Suite 2200 San Francisco, California 94111 415 986- 5566

Wartnick,

Chaber,

Harowitz,

Smith

Tigerman

Madelyn J.

Chaber

California

Street,

Suite

San

Francisco,

California

August 3, 1998

August

July 23, 1998

July

Lorillard Tobacco Company

Lorillard

Tobacco

Company

San Francisco Superior Court - No. 996378

San

Francisco

Superior

Court

No.

Wanda G. Robinson and Carroll Robinson v Raybestos- Manhattan, et al.

Wanda

G.

Robinson

and

Carroll

Robinson

v

Raybestos-

Manhattan,

et

al.

82491256 94624999


BOGOTA, Colombia (CNN) -- A key rebel commander and fugitive from a U.S. drug trafficking indictment was killed over the weekend in an air attack on a guerrilla encampment, the Colombian military said Monday. Alleged cocaine trafficker and FARC rebel Tomas Medina Caracas in an Interpol photo. Tomas Medina Caracas, known popularly as "El Negro Acacio," was a member of the high command of the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia and, according to Colombian and U.S. officials, helped manage the group's extensive cocaine trafficking network. He had been in the cross-hairs of the U.S. Justice Department since 2002. He was charged with conspiracy to import cocaine into the United States and manufacturing and distributing cocaine within Colombia to fund the FARC's 42-year insurgency against the government. U.S. officials alleged Medina Caracas managed the rebel group's sales of cocaine to international drug traffickers, who in turn smuggled it into the United States. He was also indicted in the United States along with two other FARC commanders in November 2002 on charges of conspiring to kidnap two U.S. oil workers from neighboring Venezuela in 1997 and holding one of them for nine months until a $1 million ransom was paid. Officials said the army's Rapid Response Force, backed by elements of the Colombian Air Force, tracked Medina Caracas down at a FARC camp in the jungle in the south of the country. "After a bombardment, the troops occupied the camp, and they've found 14 dead rebels so far, along with rifles, pistols, communications equipment and ... four GPS systems," Defense Minister Juan Manuel Santos said at a news conference. "The death of 'El Negro Acacio' was confirmed by various sources, including members of FARC itself." Medina Caracas commanded FARC's 16th Front in the southern departments of Vichada and Guainia. Established in 1964 as the military wing of the Colombian Communist Party, FARC is Colombia's oldest, largest, most capable and best-equipped Marxist rebel group, according to the U.S. Department of State. E-mail to a friend . Journalist Fernando Ramos contributed to this report.

Tomas Medina Caracas was a fugitive from a U.S. drug trafficking indictment .
"El Negro Acacio" allegedly helped manage extensive cocaine network .
U.S. Justice Department indicted him in 2002 .
Colombian military: He was killed in an attack on a guerrilla encampment .


(CNN) -- Police and FBI agents are investigating the discovery of an empty rocket launcher tube on the front lawn of a Jersey City, New Jersey, home, FBI spokesman Sean Quinn said. Niranjan Desai discovered the 20-year-old AT4 anti-tank rocket launcher tube, a one-time-use device, lying on her lawn Friday morning, police said. The launcher has been turned over to U.S. Army officials at the 754th Ordnance Company, an explosive ordnance disposal unit, at Fort Monmouth, New Jersey, Army officials said. The launcher "is no longer operable and not considered to be a hazard to public safety," police said, adding there was no indication the launcher had been fired recently. Army officials said they could not determine if the launcher had been fired, but indicated they should know once they find out where it came from. The nearest military base, Fort Dix, is more than 70 miles from Jersey City. The Joint Terrorism Task Force division of the FBI and Jersey City police are investigating the origin of the rocket launcher and the circumstance that led to its appearance on residential property. "Al Qaeda doesn't leave a rocket launcher on the lawn of middle-aged ladies," said Paul Cruickshank of New York University Law School's Center on Law and Security. A neighbor, Joe Quinn, said the object lying on Desai's lawn looked military, was brown, had a handle and strap, and "both ends were open, like you could shoot something with it." Quinn also said the device had a picture of a soldier on it and was 3 to 4 feet long. An Army official said the device is basically a shoulder-fired, direct-fire weapon used against ground targets -- a modern-day bazooka -- and it is not wire-guided. According to the Web site Globalsecurity.org, a loaded M136 AT4 anti-tank weapon has a 40-inch-long fiberglass-wrapped tube and weighs just 4 pounds. Its 84 millimeter shaped-charge missile can penetrate 14 inches of armor from a maximum of 985 feet. It is used once and discarded. E-mail to a friend . CNN's Carol Cratty, Dugald McConnell, and Mike Mount contributed to this report.

Empty anti-tank weapon turns up in front of New Jersey home .
Device handed over to Army ordnance disposal unit .
Weapon not capable of being reloaded, experts say .


Increased peripheral blood interferon gamma-producing T cells in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.

There have been few reports on immunological studies in patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). We investigated the immunological features of ADEM using flow cytometry to examine interferon gamma (IFN-gamma)-and interleukin 4 (IL-4)-producing peripheral blood CD3+T cells from four patients with ADEM, three other neurological disorders (Fisher syndrome, epilepsy and aseptic meningitis) and 10 healthy children. IFN-gamma-producing CD3+T cells were increased in ADEM during the acute stage. In a relapsing case of ADEM, the percentages of IFN-gamma-producing CD3+T cells correlated with disease activity. There were no significant changes of IL-4-producing CD3+T cells in ADEM during the acute and convalescent stages. In conclusion, peripheral blood IFN-gamma-producing T cells are related to the pathogenesis at the early phase of the acute ADEM.


CD4(+)CD45RO(+)CD49d(high) cells are involved in the pathogenesis of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

In the animal model of multiple sclerosis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, encephalitogenic T cells differ from the non-encephalitogenic ones in their expression of CD49d. The disease-inducing CD49d(high) and not the CD49d(low) cells enter the brain parenchyma. In this context, we characterized CD4(+)(CD45RO(+))CD49d(high) cells in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS) patients. These cells, showing characteristics of activated cells able to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, were found to be increased in peripheral blood during relapses and present in high numbers in cerebrospinal fluid. These results suggest that the CD4(+)CD45RO(+)CD49d(high) subpopulation in RR-MS patients includes autoreactive cells and may be target for immunotherapy.


MHC antigen expression in human first trimester spinal cord with implications for clinical transplantation procedures.

We report human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I expression in 5-17% and class II in 0-9% of first trimester human spinal cord cells. After 8 days in culture with gamma-interferon, >87% of the spinal cord cells expressed HLA class II. However, mixed cultures of adult human peripheral lymphocytes and immature human spinal cord cells, showed no induction of lymphocyte proliferation prior to or after gamma-interferon exposure in culture. In conclusion, we report non-immunogenic expression of HLA antigens in the human first trimester spinal cord.


Increased cellular expression of the caspase inhibitor FLIP in intrathecal lymphocytes from patients with multiple sclerosis.

Failure of Fas-mediated apoptosis of potentially pathogenic, autoreactive T lymphocytes may be involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. The intracellular protein FLIP, a naturally occurring caspase-antagonist, is a potent inhibitor of the Fas signalling pathway that may block Fas-mediated apoptosis of activated lymphocytes. This study reports specific overexpression of both long and short forms of FLIP in intrathecal lymphocytes from patients with multiple sclerosis. The overexpression of FLIP is independent of cellular expressions of Fas receptor or the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. These results provide a better understanding of some of the intrinsic immunoregulatory mechanisms that are involved in multiple sclerosis.


Anti-striatal antibodies in Tourette syndrome cause neuronal dysfunction.

Serologic studies of children with Tourette syndrome (TS) have detected anti-neuronal antibodies but their role in TS has not been explored. Stereotypies and episodic utterances, analogous to involuntary movements seen in TS, were induced in rats by intrastriatal microinfusion of TS sera or gamma immunoglobulins (IgG) under noninflammatory conditions, as found in TS. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the presence of IgG selectively bound to striatal neurons. These data support the hypothesis that binding of an anti-neuronal antibody from some children with TS induced striatal dysfunction and suggest a possible cause for the basal ganglia alterations observed in children with TS.


VLA-4/CD49d downregulated on primed T lymphocytes during interferon-beta therapy in multiple sclerosis.

Effects on adhesion molecules of immune cells might contribute to the mode of action of interferon-beta (IFN-beta) in multiple sclerosis (MS). We have serially monitored the cell surface expression of integrins CD49d (VLA-4) and CD11a (LFA-1) on fresh T lymphocyte subpopulations from 5 MS patients monthly for 2 months prior to treatment and for 3 months on treatment with IFN-beta1b. In parallel, we assessed inflammatory disease activity by monthly contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). IFN-beta treatment specifically downregulated CD49d expression on CD8+ and CD4+/CD45RO+ 'memory' T lymphocytes and differentially modulated the proportion of CD4+, CD8+ and CD27+ T cells. These effects may play an important role in the reduction of central nervous system cell trafficking and inflammation in MS.


Antigen-presenting capability of glial cells under glioma-harboring conditions and the effect of glioma-derived factors on antigen presentation.

The antigen-presenting capability of syngeneic rat glial cells was investigated under glioma-harboring conditions. Microglia induced a significant proliferation of glioma-primed splenocytes, but astrocytes did not. Furthermore, astrocytes suppressed the accessory cell function of microglia. The presence of both indomethacin and anti-interleukin (IL)-10 neutralizing antibody during priming of microglia enhanced splenocyte proliferation. The glioma culture supernatants down-regulated the interferon-gamma-induced expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules on microglia. The down-regulation was blocked by indomethacin and anti-IL-10 antibody. The results suggest that microglia but not astrocytes may function as antigen-presenting cells in glioma, and that glioma may suppress the antigen-presenting abilities of microglia.


Complement activation by titin and ryanodine receptor autoantibodies in myasthenia gravis. A study of IgG subclasses and clinical correlations.

To elucidate the mechanism of immune damage caused by titin and ryanodine receptor (RyR) autoantibodies in myasthenia gravis (MG), we studied the complement-activating capacity and the IgG subclass distribution of these autoantibodies in sera from 49 MG patients. Complement activation occurred in 38 out of 49 titin antibody positive sera, and in 14 out of 21 RyR antibody positive sera. The titin antibodies occurred only in the IgG 1 and IgG 4 subclasses, whereas the RyR antibodies occurred in all four IgG subclasses but with IgG 1 predominance. Complement-activating RyR antibodies occurred with higher frequency in sera of thymoma MG than of late-onset MG. RyR IgG 1 antibodies occurred more often in severe MG than in mild and moderate disease groups. Mean total IgG and IgG 1 titin and RyR antibody titers fell during long-time patient observation together with an improvement of the MG symptoms.


Mechanism of nasal tolerance induced by a recombinant fragment of acetylcholine receptor for treatment of experimental myasthenia gravis.

Acetylcholine receptor (AChR) is the major autoantigen in myasthenia gravis (MG) and experimental autoimmune MG (EAMG). Here we analyze the mechanisms involved in suppression of ongoing EAMG in rats by nasal administration of a recombinant fragment from the human AChR alpha-subunit. We demonstrate that such a fragment, expressed without a fusion partner, confers nasal tolerance that can be adoptively transferred. Our observations suggest that the underlying mechanism of this nasal tolerance is active suppression involving a shift from a Th1 to a Th2/Th3-regulated AChR-specific response which may be mediated by down regulation of costimulatory factors.


Suppression of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis in IL-10 gene-disrupted mice is associated with reduced B cells and serum cytotoxicity on mouse cell line expressing AChR.

To analyze the role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) pathogenesis, we induced clinical EAMG in C57BL/6 and IL-10 gene-knockout (KO) mice. IL-10 KO mice had a lower incidence and severity of EAMG, with less muscle acetylcholine receptor (AChR) loss. AChR-immunized IL-10 KO mice showed a significantly higher AChR-specific proliferative response, altered cytokine response, lower number of class II-positive cells and B-cells, but a greater CD5(+)CD19(+) population than C57BL/6 mice. The lower clinical incidence in IL-10 KO could be explained not by a reduction of the quantity, but by a possible difference in the pathogenicity of anti-AChR antibodies.


I crossed the ground she had traversed , noting every feature surrounding it , the curving wheel-track , the thin prickly sand-herbage , the wave - mounds , the sparse wet shells and pebbles , the gleaming flatness of the water , and the vast horizon-boundary of pale flat land level with shore , looking like a dead sister of the sea . By a careful examination of my watch and the sun 's altitude , I was able to calculate what would , in all likelihood , have been his height above yonder waves when her chair was turned toward the city , at a point I reached in the track . But of the matter then simultaneously occupying my mind , to recover which was the second supreme task I proposed to myself-of what . I also was thinking upon the stroke of five o'clock , I could recollect nothing . I could not even recollect whether I happened to be looking on sun and waves when she must have had them full and glorious in her face . With the heartiest consent I could give , and a blank cheque , my father returned to England to hire forthwith a commodious yacht , fitted and manned . Before going he discoursed of prudence in our expenditure ; though not for the sake of the mere money in hand , which was a trifle , barely more than the half of my future income ; but that the squire , should he by and by bethink him of inspecting our affairs , might perceive we were not spendthrifts .


So profoundly penetrated with thoughtfulness was the tone of his voice that I could not take umbrage . The attempt to analyze his signification cost me an aching forehead , perhaps because I knew it too acutely . She was on horseback ; I on foot , Schwartz for sole witness , and a wide space of rolling silent white country around us . We had met in the fall of the winter noon by accident . ` You like my Professor ? ' said Ottilia . ` I do : I respect him for his learning . '