Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to compositions which are particularly suitable as therapeutics, pharmaceutics, and/or cosmetics.

The compositions of the present invention preferably include a peptide or peptide-like compound which simulate the effect of elastin.

Preferably, the peptide-like compounds of the present invention are substantially homologous or analogous with a portion of mammalian elastin, even more preferably with fragments of elastin endogenous to the tissue of the mammal being treated.

It is preferable that the peptide or peptide-like compound(s) of the present invention are at a therapeutically effective concentration and/or are an active ingredient of a pharmaceutic, therapeutic and/or cosmetic composition.

Preferably, the peptide or peptide-like compounds of the present invention are used in conjunction with or combined with other tissue enhancing agents (e.g., exfoliating agents).

Another aspect of the present invention is a method of administering the compositions of the present invention to achieve a therapeutic, pharmaceutic, or cosmetic effect.

Background and Description of the Related Art
Elastin, a highly cross-linked complex polypeptide, is a major component of elastic fibers present in the tissue of animals.

Elastin is found in most connective tissues in conjunction with collagen and polysaccharides.

Relatively large amounts of elastin are also found in the walls of blood vessels, particularly in the arch of the aorta near the heart, as well as in ligaments.

Elastin is present in lesser amounts in skin, tendons, and loose connective tissue.

In normal mammalian skin, specifically human skin, elastic tissue proteins represent a relatively small fraction of the total dermal proteins, but play a very important role in maintaining the tone, structure, and turgor of the skin.

Elastin fibers are capable of stretching to several times their length and then rapidly returning to their original size upon release of tension.

Hence, elastin contributes to the physiological elasticity of tissue.

It has been found, for instance, that a loss of elasticity in the skin is associated with decrease in the tone and turgor of the skin.

It is speculated that the decrease in skin tone and turgor occurs through degradation of elastin and coflagen.

Attempts have been made to use elastin as a cosmetic agent, however, the dense cross-linked structure of elastin makes it very difficult to solubilize.

In fact, elastin is only slightly absorbed by the skin and does not penetrate the skin sufficiently to produce substantial benefits.

Attempts to solubilize elastin and create cosmetic agents are described, for example in U.S. Pat.

Retinoids are biologically active compounds involved in essential functions such as vision, embryonic development and the growth and maintenance of normal skin.

The art teaches that topical application of skin preparations containing retinoids provides a significant improvement in clinical appearance.

Alpha-hydroxy acids, Vitamin C, and salicylic acid are also known skin enhancing agents.

The present invention is directed to compositions which are pharmaceutic, therapeutic, and/or cosmetic in nature.

The composition of the present invention preferably modifies or appears to modify the physical characteristics of the tissue to which it is applied.

The compound(s) which best accomplish an increase or apparent increase in tissue elasticity and turgor are ones which correspond to, are analogous to, or are substantially homologous, with portions of elastin.

As used herein, the terms xe2x80x9cpeptidexe2x80x9d or xe2x80x9cpeptide-likexe2x80x9d is not meant to convey any meaning regarding the precursor material or methods utilized to make the compounds.

For instance, compounds contemplated within the present invention are those that mimic the action or functionality of the amino acid containing peptides or peptide-like compounds of the present invention.

Computational chemistry can be used to predict structure-function relationship, and compounds thus predicted and synthesized may mimic the structure and function of a particular peptide or peptide-like compound disclosed herein.

Additionally, the term xe2x80x9celastin peptide fragmentxe2x80x9d in either singular or plural form refers to the fact that the peptide or amino acid sequence being discussed: corresponds to; is the biological equivalent of; is analogous with; or is substantially homologous with, a portion of elastin.

The term xe2x80x9celastin peptide fragmentxe2x80x9d is not meant to convey any meaning regarding the source or starting material or method of arriving at the elastin peptide fragment.

It is preferable that the peptides and other skin enhancing agents of the present invention are formulated at an effective concentration within the therapeutic, pharmaceutic or cosmetic composition.

The therapeutically effective concentration of peptide or peptide-like compounds is preferably in a range of about 0.0002% to about 90% by weight, more preferably in a range of about 0.05% to about 50% by weight, even more preferably in a range of about 0.5% to about 10%, and even more preferably about 1.5% by weight.

The therapeutic composition of the present invention can be formulated as a cosmetic preparation to be applied topically to a patient""s skin, such as in an emulsion, lotion, spray, powder, ointment, cream, or foam or in other suitable pharmaceutical vehicles or carriers commonly known in the art for other types of administration (e.g., oral or subcutaneous).

The delivery system of the present invention is preferably a topical delivery system but also may be a subcutaneous, transcutaneous, oral, nasal, aerosol, or patch.

The compositions of the present invention have many other applications, for example they may also be used to coat surgical devices such as stents and the like.

The present invention is also directed to a method of enhancing the functionality, tone, turgor, and/or elasticity of the tissue to which it is administered by administrating effective amounts of a peptide to the tissue.

When treating skin, the appearance of the skin is enhanced.

It is believed that this enhancement is a consequence of improving the elasticity of the skin and the overall appearance.

It is preferable that the administration step be comprised of a number of separate steps which are repeated over a predetermined time (e.g., twice daily).

It is preferable that the predetermined time exceeds one week of daily administration of the compound, more preferably two weeks, and most preferably at least a month of daily topical application (with twice daily of the peptide administration over the month being even more preferable).

The composition of the present invention preferably includes a peptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID 1, SEQ ID 2, SEQ ID 3, SEQ ID 4, SEQ ID 5, SEQ ID 6, SEQ ID 7, SEQ ID 8, SEQ ID 9, SEQ ID 10, SEQ ID 11, SEQ ID 12, SEQ ID 13, SEQ ID 14, SEQ ID 15, SEQ ID 16, SEQ ID 17, SEQ ID 18, SEQ ID 19, SEQ ID 20, SEQ ID 21, SEQ ID 22, SEQ ID 23, SEQ ID 24, SEQ ID 25, SEQ ID 26, SEQ ID 27, SEQ ID 28, SEQ ID 29, SEQ ID 30, SEQ ID 31, SEQ ID 32, SEQ ID 33, SEQ ID 34, SEQ ID 35, SEQ ID 36, SEQ ID 37, SEQ ID 38, SEQ ID 39, SEQ ID 40, SEQ ID 41, SEQ ID 42, SEQ ID 43, SEQ ID 44, SEQ ID 45, SEQ ID 46, SEQ ID 47, SEQ ID 48, SEQ ID 49, SEQ ID 50, SEQ ID 51, SEQ ID 52, SEQ ID 53, SEQ ID 54, SEQ ID 55, SEQ ID 56, SEQ ID 57, SEQ ID 58, SEQ ID 59, SEQ ID 60, SEQ ID 61, SEQ ID 62, SEQ ID 63, SEQ ID 64, SEQ ID 65, SEQ ID 66, SEQ ID 67, SEQ ID 68, SEQ ID 69, SEQ ID 75, SEQ ID 71, SEQ ID 72, SEQ ID 73, SEQ ID 74 and SEQ ID 75 and their biological equivalents.

Further, the composition of the present invention may be suitable as a therapeutic, pharmaceutic or cosmetic to enhance elastin production and may also be used to treat a variety of diseases or conditions selected from the group consisting of conditions or diseases of the skin, tendons, sheaths and/or bone, hair, lip, back or spine, brain or nervous system, autoimmune system, lungs, muscle, joints, nails, blood vessels/lymphatics, breast, cartilage, ear, eye, genito-urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, immunologic systems, ulcerative, blood vessels/heart (e.g. hypertension), and other body systems.


lat ___ 'in\\",\\"postal_code\\":\\"D22 A7X6\\",\\"address_1\\":\\"Fonthill Road\\",\\"address_2\\":\\"\\",\\"latitude\\":\\"<TARGET_LAT>\\",\\"localized_multi_line_address_display\\":[\\"Fonthill Road\\",\\"D22 A7X6 Dublin\\"],\\"localized_area'


lat ___ '":\\"1 Amiens Street, Dublin 1\\",\\"address_1\\":\\"1 Amiens Street\\",\\"address_2\\":\\"\\",\\"latitude\\":\\"<TARGET_LAT>\\",\\"localized_multi_line_address_display\\":[\\"1 Amiens Street\\",\\"Dublin 1\\"],\\"localized_area_disp'


lat ___ '\\",\\"postal_code\\":\\"M5A 1B6\\",\\"address_1\\":\\"11 Polson Street\\",\\"address_2\\":\\"\\",\\"latitude\\":\\"<TARGET_LAT>\\",\\"localized_multi_line_address_display\\":[\\"11 Polson Street\\",\\"Toronto, ON M5A 1B6\\"],\\"localiz'


Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a ring-based multi-push voltage-controlled oscillator, and more particularly to utilizing a plurality of delay cells to form a ring-based structure for multiplying the frequency of the output signal of the oscillator.

The Prior Arts
The A voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is needed for the local oscillator in the integration of a phase-locking loop (PLL) or a microwave communication system.

The VCO is usually used with a mixer to reduce a radio frequency signal to a low frequency signal for demodulation or modulate the low frequency signal with the radio frequency signal for transmission.

In a wired communication system, the VCO provides an important reference frequency for the local oscillator in the timing circuit, such as sampling, multiplexer or demultiplexer.

The prior art oscillator usually includes the architecture of an LC tank, but the main problem of the architecture is that the circuit can not widely tune the output frequency.

Moreover, of the oscillator is considerably bulky.

Although the architecture of multi-push VCO was proposed before, it still used the LC tank, and thus not only the design of the multi-push VCO is not easy to implement but also the frequency tuning range of the multi-push VCO is limited.

For a ring-base VCO, The frequency tuning range is wider, but the controlling frequency is still constrained.


Q:

Server-side Pagination Patterns for Seam?

I have an application based on JBoss Seam, RichFaces, and Hibernate/JPA.

I've created a DAO class and a couple of business-layer classes that are used to retrieve data based on various criteria.

I'd like to return these results and display them for the user, allowing the user to paginate through them.

However, since the objects returned can be rather large (and there is a large number of objects) I'd prefer not to use something like <rich:dataList /> and <rich:datascroller /> which would require me to retrieve all the objects in one large query and maintain them in memory.

Are there any generally-accepted patterns for performing server-side pagination of datasets?

 I'm looking for a strategy for:

Retrieving a subset of my data using a start index and count
Scroll through the dataset using 'next' and 'previous' buttons, thereby retrieving a new subset of the data using an updated start index and count

Have any of you seen custom DataModel objects that would allow me to use <rich:dataList /> and <rich:datascroller /> but still perform server-side pagination using subset queries?

I'd be very curious to learn of your methodologies for handling such a scenario.

A:

There is an in-built server side pagination in Seam Application Framework.

Just have a look at the EntityQuery objects.

You can easily extends those classes, and basically get pagination for free when using getResultList()
However, before you start extending those classes everywhere, take a look at this blog post.


Q:

How to calculate $\int \sqrt{1+\frac{4x^2}{(1-2x)^2}}dx = $?

I want to find an arc length of y = $\ln{(1-x^2)}$ on the $x\in<0,\frac{1}{2}>$ interval?

$y' = \frac{-2x}{1-x^2}$
So:
$$\int \sqrt{1+\frac{4x^2}{(1-2x)^2}}dx = $$
$$= \int \sqrt{\frac{(1-2x)^2}{(1-2x)^2}+\frac{4x^2}{(1-2x)^2}}dx = $$
$$= \int \sqrt{\frac{8x^2-4x+1}{(1-2x)^2}}dx = $$
$$= \int \frac{\sqrt{8x^2-4x+1}}{1-2x}dx = $$
$$= \int \frac{8x^2-4x+1}{(1-2x)\sqrt{8x^2-4x+1}}dx $$
And now I have tried from one of Euler's substitution, which was total nightmare and algebraically impossible for me.

Is there any simpler way to calculate this integral?

A:

In the first equation after "So:", in the numerator, you should have $(1-x^2)^2$ instead of $(1-2x)^2$. Then your function to integrate becomes $$\sqrt{1+\frac{4x^2}{(1-x^2)^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{(1+x^2)^2}{(1-x^2)^2}}$$
You can now take the square root, since $0\lt 1-x^2$ and $0\lt 1+x^2$


Marcia McNutt Editor-in-Chief *Science* Journals](150088_F1){#F1}

From our first announcement exactly 1 year ago of the intent to launch a new online open access journal within the *Science* family, my dream of being able to bring our brand's reputation for excellence to more authors and more readers is finally a reality.

True to our founding vision, *Science Advances* is selective, international, and diverse in subject matter.

Only about one-quarter of submissions to date have been sent to peer review, and only about a third of those sent to peer review have been accepted for publication.

Of the 360 papers received by mid-January, two-thirds of the submissions have been from outside the United States, from China, Japan, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, India, Nigeria, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates.

Furthermore, we are attracting broad content across computer, engineering, environmental, life, physical, and social sciences.

Of course, just like the birth of any new entity, we are starting out small and intend to grow in such as way as to maintain novelty, quality, diversity of topics, and timeliness in the research we publish.

We have no pre-set targets for the proportion of papers that should be accepted.

You---our authors---are the ones who can increase the numbers of published papers by sending us exciting manuscripts to consider.

The combination of your exciting research, AAAS's fabulous press and communications support promoting your research, and open access to your content will be a terrific way to reach a large audience.

As we scale up, we will need additional associate editors who have stellar publication records and whose opinions are highly respected by their peers.

Most members of the current board of editors have been recruited, but some have volunteered.

If you believe you would enjoy the opportunity to be involved in this highly selective process, please drop us a note (at <ScienceAdvancesEditorial@aaas.org>).

In the same vein, scientists interested in reviewing for us can register at [www.editorialmanager.com/scienceadvances](http://www.editorialmanager.com/scienceadvances).

Establishing credibility as an excellent reviewer is one route to an invitation to become an associate editor.

In closing, I would like to thank all of the editors of *Science Advances*, the staff here at AAAS, and the reviewers who have put much effort into the ramp-up to launch date for this bold new venture.

The editors at *Science* have been particularly helpful and supportive in nurturing this sibling journal.

In particular, I would like to thank the many authors, both those who were successful in being accepted and those who we hope will try again, for putting their faith in a yet-to-be journal without so much as a single posted paper, based only on my vision of what it could be.


It is very difficult to handle outboard brake drums on trucks and trailers in order to service or replace the drums or to perform service on the brakes and associated parts.

Heretofore, the most common procedure in removing and installing brake drums has been by manual manipulation.

This is extremely difficult and dirty work and is prone to cause injuries, including serious back injuries.

These operations have caused a considerable amount of lost-time as well as workman's compensation claims for a shop proprietor.

Outboard brake drums, such as used on large trucks, can weight as much as 120 pounds each.

They are very awkward to grasp and handle; they are positioned at a height that requires a person to stoop or bend; and they frequently are positioned beneath an overhead obstruction, such as a truck or trailer bed.

Overhead lifts, hoists or cranes might be considered a logical solution to these problems.

However, it must be understood that vertical access to the brake drums often is difficult or impossible because of the overhead obstructions.

In addition, such implements are prone to scratch or damage portions of the vehicle itself.

The present invention is directed to solving these problems by providing a very efficient, simple to operate and cost effective dolly which can be used by an operator.

In fact, the dolly is readily operable by an operator's two hands and actually can be manipulated over a supporting surface with a single hand.


Field of the Invention
The present invention is related to a capacitance detecting type acceleration sensor and a manufacturing method thereof, capable of simultaneously measuring acceleration along either two axes or three axes, applicable to a vibration measurement, a vehicle control, and a motion control.

Description of Related Art
As sensors for detecting acceleration applied to a moving object, there are various sorts of sensors such as piezoelectric type sensors, distortion gauge type sensors, magnetic type sensors for using differential transformers, and capacitance type sensors for detecting capacitance changes in capacitors.

Very recently, especially, as the acceleration sensors with utilizing the micromachining technique in the semiconductor field, a great attention is paid to the acceleration sensors with using the piezoelectric effect, the electric resistance value of which is varied in response to external mechanical force, and the acceleration sensor for calculating the acceleration by detecting changes in the capacitors.

These sensors own various merits such as compactness of devices, mass-productivity, higher precision, and higher reliability.

In particular, the acceleration sensor for electrically detecting the acceleration based on the changes in the capacitance value of the capacitor is disclosed in, for example, J-P-A 8-32090 (J-P-A: Japanese Patent unexamined publication.

9 is an explanatory diagram for showing an example of the conventional capacitance type acceleration sensor described in J-P-A 8-32090.

The variable electrode 1 corresponding to the silicon mass body is supported via the beam 3 by an anchor portion 2.

The fixed electrodes 4 and 5b are formed with defining a constant space on the side surface of this mass body.

The capacitors 10 and 11 are formed by the mass body 1 and the fixed electrodes 4 and 5b.

As seen from the A--A sectional view of FIG.

9, the sensor structure containing these auxiliary supporting unit 7 is jointed to the glass substrate 8a and the glass substrate 9b by the anode jointing method, and the region used to form the capacitors is hermetically sealed.

These capacitors 10 and 11 constitute the sensor element 12.

When inertial force caused by acceleration is exerted along the x-direction of the mass body 1, the mass body 1 is displaced along the x-direction.

One electric capacitance defined between the mass body 1 and the fixed electrodes 4, 5 is increased (C.times.1=C+.DELTA.C) by the displacement, whereas the other capacitance defined between the mass body 1 and the fixed electrodes 4, 5 is decreased (C.times.2=C-.DELTA.C) by the displacement.

This capacitance change is converted into the voltage output by the IC-formed detecting chip (ASIC), so that this acceleration can be derived as the voltage output.

This IC-formed detecting chip owns the capacitance-to-voltage converting circuit having: EQU Vout=C.times.1/(C.times.1+C.times.2).multidot.

Vs
In this formula, symbol "Vout" indicates the voltage output, and symbol "Vs" shows the input voltage.

In the case that the above-described acceleration sensor, this acceleration sensor is limited to the acceleration measurement of the one axial direction (x direction).

Accordingly, when the acceleration along the two axial directions, or the three axial directions is measured, two sets of the sensor elements and of the ASICs are required, so that the dimension of the package for storing the sensor elements and the ASICs is increased.

Therefore, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost is increased.


the game began development in 2010 carrying over a large portion of the work done on valkyria chronicles ii while it retained the standard features of the series it also underwent multiple adjustments such as making the game more forgiving for series newcomers character designer  honjou and composer hitoshi sakimoto both returned from previous entries along with valkyria chronicles ii director takeshi ozawa a large team of writers handled the script the game's opening theme was sung by may'n


it met with positive sales in japan and was praised by both japanese and western critics after release it received downloadable content along with an expanded edition in november of that year it was also adapted into manga and an original video animation series due to low sales of valkyria chronicles ii valkyria chronicles iii was not localized but a fan translation compatible with the game's expanded edition was released in 2014 mediavision would return to the franchise with the development of valkyria azure revolution for the playstation 4


as with previous  chronicles games valkyria chronicles iii is a tactical role @@ playing game where players take control of a military unit and take part in missions against enemy forces stories are told through comic book @@ like panels with animated character portraits with characters speaking partially through voiced speech bubbles and partially through unvoiced text the player progresses through a series of linear missions gradually unlocked as maps that can be freely scanned through and replayed as they are unlocked the route to each story location on the map varies depending on an individual player's approach when one option is selected the other is sealed off to the player outside missions the player characters rest in a camp where units can be customized and character growth occurs alongside the main story missions are character @@ specific sub missions relating to different squad members after the game's completion additional episodes are unlocked some of them having a higher difficulty than those found in the rest of the game there are also love simulation elements related to the game's two main heroines although they take a very minor role


the game's battle system the  system is carried over directly from  chronicles during missions players select each unit using a top @@ down perspective of the battlefield map once a character is selected the player moves the character around the battlefield in third @@ person a character can only act once per @@ turn but characters can be granted multiple turns at the expense of other characters' turns each character has a field and distance of movement limited by their action gauge up to nine characters can be assigned to a single mission during gameplay characters will call out if something happens to them such as their health points ( hp ) getting low or being knocked out by enemy attacks each character has specific potentials  skills unique to each character they are divided into personal potential  which are innate skills that remain unaltered unless otherwise dictated by the story and can either help or impede a character and battle potentials  which are grown throughout the game and always grant boons to a character to learn battle potentials each character has a unique masters table  a grid @@ based skill table that can be used to acquire and link different skills characters also have special abilities that grant them temporary boosts on the battlefield kurt can activate direct command and move around the battlefield without depleting his action point gauge the character  can shift into her valkyria form and become invincible while imca can target multiple enemy units with her heavy weapon


troops are divided into five classes scouts   engineers lancers and armored soldier troopers can switch classes by changing their assigned weapon changing class does not greatly affect the stats gained while in a previous class with victory in battle experience points are awarded to the squad which are distributed into five different attributes shared by the entire squad a feature differing from early games' method of distributing to different unit types


the game takes place during the second europan war gallian army squad 422 also known as the nameless  are a penal military unit composed of criminals foreign deserters and military offenders whose real names are erased from the records and thereon officially referred to by numbers ordered by the gallian military to perform the most dangerous missions that the regular army and militia will not do they are nevertheless up to the task exemplified by their motto    meaning always ready  the three main characters are no7 kurt irving an army officer falsely accused of treason who wishes to redeem himself ace no1 imca a female darcsen heavy weapons specialist who seeks revenge against the valkyria who destroyed her home and no13 riela  a seemingly jinxed young woman who is unknowingly a descendant of the valkyria together with their fellow squad members these three are tasked to fight against a mysterious imperial unit known as calamity raven consisting of mostly darcsen soldiers


as the nameless officially do not exist the upper echelons of the gallian army exploit the concept of plausible deniability in order to send them on missions that would otherwise make gallia lose face in the war while at times this works to their advantage such as a successful incursion into imperial territory other orders cause certain members of the 422nd great distress one such member   becomes so enraged that he abandons his post and defects into the ranks of calamity raven attached to the ideal of darcsen independence proposed by their leader dahau at the same time elements within gallian army command move to erase the nameless in order to protect their own interests hounded by both allies and enemies and combined with the presence of a traitor within their ranks the 422nd desperately move to keep themselves alive while at the same time fight to help the gallian war effort this continues until the nameless's commanding officer ramsey crowe who had been kept under house arrest is escorted to the capital city of  in order to present evidence exonerating the weary soldiers and expose the real traitor the gallian general that had accused kurt of treason


partly due to these events and partly due to the major losses in manpower gallia suffers towards the end of the war with the empire the nameless are offered a formal position as a squad in the gallian army rather than serve as an anonymous shadow force this is short @@ lived however as following maximilian's defeat dahau and calamity raven move to activate an ancient  super weapon within the empire kept secret by their benefactor without the support of maximilian or the chance to prove themselves in the war with gallia it is dahau's last trump card in creating a new darcsen nation as an armed gallian force invading the empire just following the two nations' cease @@ fire would certainly wreck their newfound peace kurt decides to once again make his squad the nameless asking crowe to list himself and all under his command as killed @@ in @@ action now owing allegiance to none other than themselves the 422nd confronts dahau and destroys the  weapon each member then goes their separate ways in order to begin their lives anew


concept work for valkyria chronicles iii began after development finished on valkyria chronicles ii in early 2010 with full development beginning shortly after this the director of valkyria chronicles ii takeshi ozawa returned to that role for valkyria chronicles iii development work took approximately one year after the release of valkyria chronicles ii the staff took a look at both the popular response for the game and what they wanted to do next for the series like its predecessor valkyria chronicles iii was developed for playstation portable this was due to the team wanting to refine the mechanics created for valkyria chronicles ii and they had not come up with the revolutionary idea that would warrant a new entry for the playstation 3 speaking in an interview it was stated that the development team considered valkyria chronicles iii to be the series' first true sequel while valkyria chronicles ii had required a large amount of trial and error during development due to the platform move the third game gave them a chance to improve upon the best parts of valkyria chronicles ii due to being on the same platform in addition to sega staff from the previous games development work was also handled by  the original scenario was written kazuki yamanobe while the script was written by hiroyuki fujii koichi majima  miyagi seiki  and takayuki  its story was darker and more somber than that of its predecessor


Chrome Mostly Outperforms Safari 5 in JavaScript Benchmarks - crad
http://gavinroy.com/how-does-safari-5s-javascript-performance-sta

======
houseabsolute
But: Safari 5 has hardware accelerated graphics on both Mac and Windows for
HTML5 video. Which I imagine is as relevant to most people, even geeks like
me, as a 10-20% speedup in Javascript.

For example, watch the video at <http://videojs.com/> in full screen on Chrome
and Safari. Last time I checked it looked way better in Safari. That said,
Chrome team moves fast and maybe they will have it fixed soon.

If you're interested in progress you can track the issue here:
<http://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=38969>

~~~
modeless
Not only video but also hardware-accelerated CSS animations and 3D transforms.
Safari has the most advanced graphics architecture of any browser right now,
and all the major browsers are working on catching up.

Firefox's plan: [http://www.basschouten.com/blog1.php/2010/01/18/layers-
cross...](http://www.basschouten.com/blog1.php/2010/01/18/layers-cross-
platform-acceleration)

IE's plan: [http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2010/04/09/benefits-of-
gp...](http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2010/04/09/benefits-of-gpu-powered-
html5.aspx)

Opera hasn't publicly announced hardware-accelerated graphics yet, but they
are moving to a new codebase that could support it in theory:
<http://my.opera.com/core/blog/2009/02/04/vega>

Chrome actually seems like the least far along right now, which seems odd
given their focus on performance. Some of the work was done for them by Apple
in WebKit, but there's still a lot to be done.

~~~
sgift
According to this <http://labs.opera.com/news/2009/12/22/> Opera already moved
to the new codebase, but still no hardware acceleration at the moment.

------
grantheaslip
I'm getting kind of sick about hearing about how browser X outperforms browser
Y in Z JavaScript performance test. It's good to know that the browser
developers are continuing to push JS performance--it's important that it gets
better and better--but essentially every browser except maybe IE (haven't used
it in years, can't speak to it) has comparable real-world JS performance.

I choose to use Safari because it's the browser that feels the most Mac-like,
has ClickToFlash and 1Password, has great H.264 video performance, has a great
interface, continues to support the newest web standards, never crashes, and
is already familiar to me. As long as it isn't horrendously slower than other
browsers, JS performance just isn't a concern to me--it has little real effect
on my day to day browsing compared to everything I just listed.

~~~
crad
The reason why I did this was because Apple is touting Safari 5 as being "The
Worlds Fastest Browser" and specifically said "Powered by the Nitro JavaScript
engine, Safari 5 on the Mac runs JavaScript up to 30 percent faster than
Safari 4, 3 percent faster than Chrome 5.0,"

<http://www.apple.com/safari/whats-new.html#performance>

~~~
grantheaslip
It more of a meta-comment about the genre of articles that yours loosely fit
under :).

I missed the fact that you were actually referencing a claim made by Apple--
sorry for jumping to conclusions!

------
Groxx
... though WebKit's nightly outperforms both.

Chrome updates _far_ more frequently than Safari, is it any surprise it's
ahead slightly?

~~~
code_duck
Considering they just released Safari 5 yesterday, it seems that it should be
as up to date as recent Chrome releases.

~~~
snprbob86
Apple probably locked down on a stable build of WebKit weeks ago. Google has
the luxury of staged rollouts with rollback if necessary, so they can take
more risk with WebKit builds.

~~~
code_duck
Is 'weeks' really that long? So we have to compare it to the version of Chrome
released two days ago, and not last month?

------
JarekS
I can see one problem with these benchmarks - you test dev version of Chrome
and compare it with stable/released version of Safari...

Having said that - I'm using Chrome 6 on my Mac - it _feels_ faster then
Safari 5.

~~~
crad
Edit: updated to reflect 5.0.375 with little impact to the numbers.

~~~
wzdd
I'm not sure that you should be using the "recommended tests" option of
Dromaeo, since that option includes SunSpider and V8 Bench. We already know
the results of those tests (since you ran them separately), so maybe you
should just run the Dromaeo-specific tests.

~~~
crad
Edit: Do you think it would skew things that much? It seems to show a much
wider disparity with Chrome hitting > 5k runs per second and Safari 5 hitting
only 308... My only concern about that is the appearance of cherry picking
results instead of using their recommended tests.

------
nwomack
One thing nobody ever mentions, but I always notice is how much more CPU power
Chrome takes on my macbook. It's a few years old and anything remotely CPU
intensive causes my fan to go nuts. I actually like Chrome better (I like the
interface, and it's faster) but I stay with Safari because it doesn't hog my
CPU...

------
sigzero
Do we really care that much? I think people pick browsers for more reasons
than just "speed".

------
Oompa
My experience has been Safari 5 is more stable and snappier than Chrome on OS
X. This outweighs the extra JavaScript execution speed in Chrome.

~~~
thm76
It's also much more stable on Windows for me. In Chrome a lot of websites just
crash the tab (and bring down a few other tabs as well usually - so much about
separate processes).

~~~
fierarul
>so much about separate processes

I think the process is per-domain, not per-tab.

------
melvin
Personally, I use 4 different browsers at once when I'm on my Mac. Aside from
the interfaces, I can't tell much of a difference between any of them. Sadly,
I must admit that Firefox on the Mac is a bit lacking in polish.

------
bradgessler
It also doesn't crash when I use PivotalTracker.


// +build !ignore_autogenerated

/*
Copyright The Kubernetes Authors.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

// Code generated by deepcopy-gen. DO NOT EDIT.

package v1beta1

import (
	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
	v1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
	runtime "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
	intstr "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/intstr"
)

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *ControllerRevision) DeepCopyInto(out *ControllerRevision) {
	*out = *in
	out.TypeMeta = in.TypeMeta
	in.ObjectMeta.DeepCopyInto(&out.ObjectMeta)
	in.Data.DeepCopyInto(&out.Data)
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new ControllerRevision.
func (in *ControllerRevision) DeepCopy() *ControllerRevision {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(ControllerRevision)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyObject is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new runtime.Object.
func (in *ControllerRevision) DeepCopyObject() runtime.Object {
	if c := in.DeepCopy(); c != nil {
		return c
	}
	return nil
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *ControllerRevisionList) DeepCopyInto(out *ControllerRevisionList) {
	*out = *in
	out.TypeMeta = in.TypeMeta
	in.ListMeta.DeepCopyInto(&out.ListMeta)
	if in.Items != nil {
		in, out := &in.Items, &out.Items
		*out = make([]ControllerRevision, len(*in))
		for i := range *in {
			(*in)[i].DeepCopyInto(&(*out)[i])
		}
	}
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new ControllerRevisionList.
func (in *ControllerRevisionList) DeepCopy() *ControllerRevisionList {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(ControllerRevisionList)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyObject is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new runtime.Object.
func (in *ControllerRevisionList) DeepCopyObject() runtime.Object {
	if c := in.DeepCopy(); c != nil {
		return c
	}
	return nil
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *Deployment) DeepCopyInto(out *Deployment) {
	*out = *in
	out.TypeMeta = in.TypeMeta
	in.ObjectMeta.DeepCopyInto(&out.ObjectMeta)
	in.Spec.DeepCopyInto(&out.Spec)
	in.Status.DeepCopyInto(&out.Status)
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new Deployment.
func (in *Deployment) DeepCopy() *Deployment {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(Deployment)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyObject is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new runtime.Object.
func (in *Deployment) DeepCopyObject() runtime.Object {
	if c := in.DeepCopy(); c != nil {
		return c
	}
	return nil
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *DeploymentCondition) DeepCopyInto(out *DeploymentCondition) {
	*out = *in
	in.LastUpdateTime.DeepCopyInto(&out.LastUpdateTime)
	in.LastTransitionTime.DeepCopyInto(&out.LastTransitionTime)
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new DeploymentCondition.
func (in *DeploymentCondition) DeepCopy() *DeploymentCondition {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(DeploymentCondition)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *DeploymentList) DeepCopyInto(out *DeploymentList) {
	*out = *in
	out.TypeMeta = in.TypeMeta
	in.ListMeta.DeepCopyInto(&out.ListMeta)
	if in.Items != nil {
		in, out := &in.Items, &out.Items
		*out = make([]Deployment, len(*in))
		for i := range *in {
			(*in)[i].DeepCopyInto(&(*out)[i])
		}
	}
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new DeploymentList.
func (in *DeploymentList) DeepCopy() *DeploymentList {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(DeploymentList)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyObject is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new runtime.Object.
func (in *DeploymentList) DeepCopyObject() runtime.Object {
	if c := in.DeepCopy(); c != nil {
		return c
	}
	return nil
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *DeploymentRollback) DeepCopyInto(out *DeploymentRollback) {
	*out = *in
	out.TypeMeta = in.TypeMeta
	if in.UpdatedAnnotations != nil {
		in, out := &in.UpdatedAnnotations, &out.UpdatedAnnotations
		*out = make(map[string]string, len(*in))
		for key, val := range *in {
			(*out)[key] = val
		}
	}
	out.RollbackTo = in.RollbackTo
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new DeploymentRollback.
func (in *DeploymentRollback) DeepCopy() *DeploymentRollback {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(DeploymentRollback)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyObject is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new runtime.Object.
func (in *DeploymentRollback) DeepCopyObject() runtime.Object {
	if c := in.DeepCopy(); c != nil {
		return c
	}
	return nil
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *DeploymentSpec) DeepCopyInto(out *DeploymentSpec) {
	*out = *in
	if in.Replicas != nil {
		in, out := &in.Replicas, &out.Replicas
		*out = new(int32)
		**out = **in
	}
	if in.Selector != nil {
		in, out := &in.Selector, &out.Selector
		*out = new(v1.LabelSelector)
		(*in).DeepCopyInto(*out)
	}
	in.Template.DeepCopyInto(&out.Template)
	in.Strategy.DeepCopyInto(&out.Strategy)
	if in.RevisionHistoryLimit != nil {
		in, out := &in.RevisionHistoryLimit, &out.RevisionHistoryLimit
		*out = new(int32)
		**out = **in
	}
	if in.RollbackTo != nil {
		in, out := &in.RollbackTo, &out.RollbackTo
		*out = new(RollbackConfig)
		**out = **in
	}
	if in.ProgressDeadlineSeconds != nil {
		in, out := &in.ProgressDeadlineSeconds, &out.ProgressDeadlineSeconds
		*out = new(int32)
		**out = **in
	}
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new DeploymentSpec.
func (in *DeploymentSpec) DeepCopy() *DeploymentSpec {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(DeploymentSpec)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *DeploymentStatus) DeepCopyInto(out *DeploymentStatus) {
	*out = *in
	if in.Conditions != nil {
		in, out := &in.Conditions, &out.Conditions
		*out = make([]DeploymentCondition, len(*in))
		for i := range *in {
			(*in)[i].DeepCopyInto(&(*out)[i])
		}
	}
	if in.CollisionCount != nil {
		in, out := &in.CollisionCount, &out.CollisionCount
		*out = new(int32)
		**out = **in
	}
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new DeploymentStatus.
func (in *DeploymentStatus) DeepCopy() *DeploymentStatus {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(DeploymentStatus)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *DeploymentStrategy) DeepCopyInto(out *DeploymentStrategy) {
	*out = *in
	if in.RollingUpdate != nil {
		in, out := &in.RollingUpdate, &out.RollingUpdate
		*out = new(RollingUpdateDeployment)
		(*in).DeepCopyInto(*out)
	}
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new DeploymentStrategy.
func (in *DeploymentStrategy) DeepCopy() *DeploymentStrategy {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(DeploymentStrategy)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *RollbackConfig) DeepCopyInto(out *RollbackConfig) {
	*out = *in
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new RollbackConfig.
func (in *RollbackConfig) DeepCopy() *RollbackConfig {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(RollbackConfig)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *RollingUpdateDeployment) DeepCopyInto(out *RollingUpdateDeployment) {
	*out = *in
	if in.MaxUnavailable != nil {
		in, out := &in.MaxUnavailable, &out.MaxUnavailable
		*out = new(intstr.IntOrString)
		**out = **in
	}
	if in.MaxSurge != nil {
		in, out := &in.MaxSurge, &out.MaxSurge
		*out = new(intstr.IntOrString)
		**out = **in
	}
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new RollingUpdateDeployment.
func (in *RollingUpdateDeployment) DeepCopy() *RollingUpdateDeployment {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(RollingUpdateDeployment)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *RollingUpdateStatefulSetStrategy) DeepCopyInto(out *RollingUpdateStatefulSetStrategy) {
	*out = *in
	if in.Partition != nil {
		in, out := &in.Partition, &out.Partition
		*out = new(int32)
		**out = **in
	}
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new RollingUpdateStatefulSetStrategy.
func (in *RollingUpdateStatefulSetStrategy) DeepCopy() *RollingUpdateStatefulSetStrategy {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(RollingUpdateStatefulSetStrategy)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *Scale) DeepCopyInto(out *Scale) {
	*out = *in
	out.TypeMeta = in.TypeMeta
	in.ObjectMeta.DeepCopyInto(&out.ObjectMeta)
	out.Spec = in.Spec
	in.Status.DeepCopyInto(&out.Status)
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new Scale.
func (in *Scale) DeepCopy() *Scale {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(Scale)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyObject is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new runtime.Object.
func (in *Scale) DeepCopyObject() runtime.Object {
	if c := in.DeepCopy(); c != nil {
		return c
	}
	return nil
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *ScaleSpec) DeepCopyInto(out *ScaleSpec) {
	*out = *in
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new ScaleSpec.
func (in *ScaleSpec) DeepCopy() *ScaleSpec {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(ScaleSpec)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *ScaleStatus) DeepCopyInto(out *ScaleStatus) {
	*out = *in
	if in.Selector != nil {
		in, out := &in.Selector, &out.Selector
		*out = make(map[string]string, len(*in))
		for key, val := range *in {
			(*out)[key] = val
		}
	}
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new ScaleStatus.
func (in *ScaleStatus) DeepCopy() *ScaleStatus {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(ScaleStatus)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *StatefulSet) DeepCopyInto(out *StatefulSet) {
	*out = *in
	out.TypeMeta = in.TypeMeta
	in.ObjectMeta.DeepCopyInto(&out.ObjectMeta)
	in.Spec.DeepCopyInto(&out.Spec)
	in.Status.DeepCopyInto(&out.Status)
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new StatefulSet.
func (in *StatefulSet) DeepCopy() *StatefulSet {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(StatefulSet)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyObject is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new runtime.Object.
func (in *StatefulSet) DeepCopyObject() runtime.Object {
	if c := in.DeepCopy(); c != nil {
		return c
	}
	return nil
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *StatefulSetCondition) DeepCopyInto(out *StatefulSetCondition) {
	*out = *in
	in.LastTransitionTime.DeepCopyInto(&out.LastTransitionTime)
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new StatefulSetCondition.
func (in *StatefulSetCondition) DeepCopy() *StatefulSetCondition {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(StatefulSetCondition)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *StatefulSetList) DeepCopyInto(out *StatefulSetList) {
	*out = *in
	out.TypeMeta = in.TypeMeta
	in.ListMeta.DeepCopyInto(&out.ListMeta)
	if in.Items != nil {
		in, out := &in.Items, &out.Items
		*out = make([]StatefulSet, len(*in))
		for i := range *in {
			(*in)[i].DeepCopyInto(&(*out)[i])
		}
	}
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new StatefulSetList.
func (in *StatefulSetList) DeepCopy() *StatefulSetList {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(StatefulSetList)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyObject is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new runtime.Object.
func (in *StatefulSetList) DeepCopyObject() runtime.Object {
	if c := in.DeepCopy(); c != nil {
		return c
	}
	return nil
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *StatefulSetSpec) DeepCopyInto(out *StatefulSetSpec) {
	*out = *in
	if in.Replicas != nil {
		in, out := &in.Replicas, &out.Replicas
		*out = new(int32)
		**out = **in
	}
	if in.Selector != nil {
		in, out := &in.Selector, &out.Selector
		*out = new(v1.LabelSelector)
		(*in).DeepCopyInto(*out)
	}
	in.Template.DeepCopyInto(&out.Template)
	if in.VolumeClaimTemplates != nil {
		in, out := &in.VolumeClaimTemplates, &out.VolumeClaimTemplates
		*out = make([]corev1.PersistentVolumeClaim, len(*in))
		for i := range *in {
			(*in)[i].DeepCopyInto(&(*out)[i])
		}
	}
	in.UpdateStrategy.DeepCopyInto(&out.UpdateStrategy)
	if in.RevisionHistoryLimit != nil {
		in, out := &in.RevisionHistoryLimit, &out.RevisionHistoryLimit
		*out = new(int32)
		**out = **in
	}
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new StatefulSetSpec.
func (in *StatefulSetSpec) DeepCopy() *StatefulSetSpec {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(StatefulSetSpec)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *StatefulSetStatus) DeepCopyInto(out *StatefulSetStatus) {
	*out = *in
	if in.ObservedGeneration != nil {
		in, out := &in.ObservedGeneration, &out.ObservedGeneration
		*out = new(int64)
		**out = **in
	}
	if in.CollisionCount != nil {
		in, out := &in.CollisionCount, &out.CollisionCount
		*out = new(int32)
		**out = **in
	}
	if in.Conditions != nil {
		in, out := &in.Conditions, &out.Conditions
		*out = make([]StatefulSetCondition, len(*in))
		for i := range *in {
			(*in)[i].DeepCopyInto(&(*out)[i])
		}
	}
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new StatefulSetStatus.
func (in *StatefulSetStatus) DeepCopy() *StatefulSetStatus {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(StatefulSetStatus)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}

// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
func (in *StatefulSetUpdateStrategy) DeepCopyInto(out *StatefulSetUpdateStrategy) {
	*out = *in
	if in.RollingUpdate != nil {
		in, out := &in.RollingUpdate, &out.RollingUpdate
		*out = new(RollingUpdateStatefulSetStrategy)
		(*in).DeepCopyInto(*out)
	}
	return
}

// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new StatefulSetUpdateStrategy.
func (in *StatefulSetUpdateStrategy) DeepCopy() *StatefulSetUpdateStrategy {
	if in == nil {
		return nil
	}
	out := new(StatefulSetUpdateStrategy)
	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
	return out
}


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Anal stretch plus fissurectomy for chronic anal fissure.
Anal fissure is a common disease. Usually chronic anal fissures are managed medically. When conservative management fails, surgical treatment should be considered. Lateral internal sphincterotomy has been advocated as the first choice invasive treatment but it has a reported rate of major fecal incontinence of 5%. In order to reduce the onset of major fecal incontinence after anal fissure surgery, it has been proposed to use the anal stretching plus fissurectomy. From 2008 to 2011, 457 patients have been operated for chronic anal fissure. Twenty-seven patients underwent lateral internal sphincterotomy, two patients underwent posterior sphincterotomy and 428 patients underwent anal stretch plus fissurectomy. Satisfactory results have been reported in 95% of the cases. Transient incontinence rates have been of 3% after anal stretch and of 14.8% after lateral internal sphincterotomy (p < 0.05). Major and persistent incontinence rates have been reported in a case after later internal sphincterotomy (3%) but never after anal stretching (p = 0.059). Recurrence occurred in 2% of the patients after anal stretch and in 3% of the cases after lateral internal sphincterotomy (p = ns). Lateral internal sphincterotomy and anal stretch have nearly a reported 95% of good results but the first have 3-5% rates of major incontinence.


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THIS FAN WITH A PERFECT COCK WAS IN TOWN FOR THE NIGHT-- I HAD SUCKED HIM ONCE BEFORE MONTHS AGO...

THIS YOUNG HANDSOME FAN CAME OVER FOR THE FIRST TIME---WOW WHAT A PERFECT COCK ON THIS YOUNG STUD---LUCKILY HE IS LOCAL SO I CAN SUCK HIM MANY MORE TIMES

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import ChannelId from '../../ChannelId'
import Payment, { PaymentSerde } from '../../payment'
import EnginePostgres from './EnginePostgres'
import AbstractPaymentsDatabase from '../AbstractPaymentsDatabase'

export default class PostgresPaymentsDatabase extends AbstractPaymentsDatabase<EnginePostgres> {
  save (token: string, payment: Payment): Promise<void> {
    const serialized: any = PaymentSerde.instance.serialize(payment)
    serialized.kind = this.kind
    serialized.token = token

    return this.engine.exec((client: any) => client.query(
      'INSERT INTO payment("channelId", kind, token, sender, receiver, price, value, ' +
      '"channelValue", v, r, s, meta, "contractAddress", "createdAt") VALUES($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13, $14)',
      [
        serialized.channelId,
        serialized.kind,
        serialized.token,
        serialized.sender,
        serialized.receiver,
        serialized.price,
        serialized.value,
        serialized.channelValue,
        serialized.v,
        serialized.r,
        serialized.s,
        serialized.meta,
        serialized.contractAddress,
        Date.now()
      ]
    ))
  }

  firstMaximum (channelId: ChannelId | string): Promise<Payment | any> {
    return this.engine.exec((client: any) => client.query(
      'SELECT "channelId", kind, token, sender, receiver, price, value, ' +
      '"channelValue", v, r, s, meta, "contractAddress", "createdAt" FROM payment WHERE "channelId" = $1 ' +
      'ORDER BY value DESC',
      [
        channelId.toString()
      ]
    )).then((res: any) => this.inflatePayment(res.rows[0]))
  }

  findByToken (token: string): Promise<Payment | any> {
    return this.engine.exec((client: any) => client.query(
      'SELECT "channelId", kind, token, sender, receiver, price, value, ' +
      '"channelValue", v, r, s, meta, "contractAddress", "createdAt" FROM payment WHERE token = $1',
      [
        token
      ]
    )).then((res: any) => this.inflatePayment(res.rows[0]))
  }
}


Context: Provided is a universal Ku band LNB (9.75/10.600 GHz) which is fitted at the end of the dish and pointed at the correct satellite constellation; most digital receivers will receive the free to air channels. Some broadcasts are free-to-air and unencrypted, some are encrypted but do not require a monthly subscription (known as free-to-view), some are encrypted and require a monthly subscription, and some are pay-per-view services. To view the encrypted content a VideoGuard UK equipped receiver (all of which are dedicated to the Sky service, and cannot be used to decrypt other services) needs to be used. Unofficial CAMs are now available to view the service, although use of them breaks the user's contract with Sky and invalidates the user's rights to use the card.

Question: What is the universal band that digital recievers will receive free to air channels on?

9.75/10.600 GHz
universal Ku band
Ku band


Context: At the beginning of the 20th century, important advancement in geological science was facilitated by the ability to obtain accurate absolute dates to geologic events using radioactive isotopes and other methods. This changed the understanding of geologic time. Previously, geologists could only use fossils and stratigraphic correlation to date sections of rock relative to one another. With isotopic dates it became possible to assign absolute ages to rock units, and these absolute dates could be applied to fossil sequences in which there was datable material, converting the old relative ages into new absolute ages.

Question: What did using fossils help change for scientists?


Context: Packet mode communication may be implemented with or without intermediate forwarding nodes (packet switches or routers). Packets are normally forwarded by intermediate network nodes asynchronously using first-in, first-out buffering, but may be forwarded according to some scheduling discipline for fair queuing, traffic shaping, or for differentiated or guaranteed quality of service, such as weighted fair queuing or leaky bucket. In case of a shared physical medium (such as radio or 10BASE5), the packets may be delivered according to a multiple access scheme.

Question: If there is no radio or 10BASE5, how are the packets delivered?


Context: Many complexity classes are defined using the concept of a reduction. A reduction is a transformation of one problem into another problem. It captures the informal notion of a problem being at least as difficult as another problem. For instance, if a problem X can be solved using an algorithm for Y, X is no more difficult than Y, and we say that X reduces to Y. There are many different types of reductions, based on the method of reduction, such as Cook reductions, Karp reductions and Levin reductions, and the bound on the complexity of reductions, such as polynomial-time reductions or log-space reductions.

Question: What are two examples of different types of reduction?

Karp reductions and Levin reductions
Cook reductions, Karp reductions


Context: In 1096, Crusaders passing by the siege of Amalfi were joined by Bohemond of Taranto and his nephew Tancred with an army of Italo-Normans. Bohemond was the de facto leader of the Crusade during its passage through Asia Minor. After the successful Siege of Antioch in 1097, Bohemond began carving out an independent principality around that city. Tancred was instrumental in the conquest of Jerusalem and he worked for the expansion of the Crusader kingdom in Transjordan and the region of Galilee.[citation needed]

Question: When did Tancred lay siege to Antioch?


Context: In October 2010, the open-access scientific journal PLoS Pathogens published a paper by a multinational team who undertook a new investigation into the role of Yersinia pestis in the Black Death following the disputed identification by Drancourt and Raoult in 1998. They assessed the presence of DNA/RNA with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) techniques for Y. pestis from the tooth sockets in human skeletons from mass graves in northern, central and southern Europe that were associated archaeologically with the Black Death and subsequent resurgences. The authors concluded that this new research, together with prior analyses from the south of France and Germany, ". . . ends the debate about the etiology of the Black Death, and unambiguously demonstrates that Y. pestis was the causative agent of the epidemic plague that devastated Europe during the Middle Ages".

Question: What scientific journal in France published a prior analysis of the Black Death?


Add The Pile subsets

Add The Pile subsets:
- pubmed
- ubuntu_irc
- europarl
- hacker_news
- nih_exporter

Close bigscience-workshop/data_tooling#301.


Update clue benchmark

Fix #3374


Support streaming zipped dataset repo by passing only repo name

Fix #3373.


NonMatchingChecksumError for the CLUE:cluewsc2020, chid, c3 and tnews

Hi, it seems like there are updates in cluewsc2020, chid, c3 and tnews, since i could not load them due to the checksum error.


[SEO improvement] Add Dataset Metadata to make datasets indexable

enhancement

New feature or request

Some people who host datasets on github seem to include a table of metadata at the end of their README.md to make the dataset indexable by [Google Dataset Search](https://datasetsearch.research.google.com/) (See [here](https://github.com/google-research/google-research/tree/master/goemotions#dataset-metadata) and [here](https://github.com/cvdfoundation/google-landmark#dataset-metadata)). This could be a useful addition to canonical datasets; perhaps even community datasets.

I'll include a screenshot (as opposed to markdown) as an example so as not to have a github issue indexed as a dataset:

> ![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/3664563/144496173-953428cf-633a-4571-b75b-f099c6b2ed65.png)

**_PS: It might very well be the case that this is already covered by some other markdown magic I'm not aware of._**


feat: add americas nli dataset

This PR adds the [Americas NLI](https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.08726) dataset, extension of XNLI to 10 low-resource indigenous languages spoken in the Americas: Ashaninka, Aymara, Bribri, Guarani, Nahuatl, Otomi, Quechua, Raramuri, Shipibo-Konibo, and Wixarika.

One odd thing (not sure) is that I had to set

`datasets-cli dummy_data ./datasets/americas_nli/ --auto_generate --n_lines 7500`

`n_lines` very large to successfully generate the dummy files for all the subsets. Happy to get some guidance here.

Otherwise, I hope everything is in order :)

e: missed a step, onto fixing the tests
e2: there you go -- hope it's ok to have added more languages with their ISO codes to `languages.json`, need those tests to pass :laughing:


Document a training loop for streaming dataset

I added some docs about streaming dataset. In particular I added two subsections:
- one on how to use `map` for preprocessing
- one on how to use a streaming dataset in a pytorch training loop

cc @patrickvonplaten @stevhliu if you have some comments
cc @Rocketknight1 later we can add the one for TF and I might need your help ^^'


[Audio] Allow resampling for audio datasets in streaming mode

New feature or request

Many audio datasets like Common Voice always need to be resampled. This can very easily be done in non-streaming mode as follows:

```python
from datasets import load_dataset

ds = load_dataset("common_voice", "ab", split="test")

ds = ds.cast_column("audio", Audio(sampling_rate=16_000))
```

However in streaming mode it fails currently:

```python
from datasets import load_dataset

ds = load_dataset("common_voice", "ab", split="test", streaming=True)

ds = ds.cast_column("audio", Audio(sampling_rate=16_000))
```

with the following error:

```
AttributeError: 'IterableDataset' object has no attribute 'cast_column'
```

It would be great if we could add such a feature (I'm not 100% sure though how complex this would be)


Diesel model Winnie Harlow, who suffers from vitiligo, the same rare skin condition that singer Michael Jackson was diagnosed with, has been pictured enjoying a cozy night on the town with albino fashion star Shaun Ross. The pair attended a launch event for Popular magazine at Siren Studios in Hollywood, California, on Tuesday night, and were snapped holding hands while making their way into the venue. Winnie, 19, who was unveiled as one of the newest faces of fashion label Diesel earlier this year, was wearing a short and simple black and gold mini dress, which she accessorized with a pair of gold strappy heels. Scroll down for video . Looking cozy: Winnie Harlow, 19, who suffers from the same rare skin condition as Michael Jackson, was pictured hand-in-hand with albino model Shaun Ross on Tuesday night . Out on the town: The duo were attending the launch for Popular magazine at Hollywood venue Siren Studios . Skingraft black and gold dress . Get it from Pasar here . Visit site . This look is all types of yes. Winnie Harlow looks incredible in her leather tunic dress which features striking gold trims on the sleeves and hemline. The loose fit creates a flattering silhouette too. Winnie's dress is from LA-based fashion house Skingraft, and you can still buy it by clicking right to Paser's website now. It'll be your go-to party piece! It is however, slightly pricey coming in at $750, so if you want to add a golden standard to your style for less, why not check out these various finds below? We are particularly dazzled by this Mynt 1792 number at Nordstrom. A pair of strappy metallic heels will finish off your look to perfection! Choice's black and gold stamping dress . Visit site . Mynt 1792 color block dress at Nordstrom . Visit site . Maykool black and gold dress . Visit site . Dailylook fit and flare dress . Visit site . Meanwhile Shaun, 23, opted for a more low-key look, wearing an all-black ensemble, which he topped off with a unique tall baseball hat and a pair of leather sneaker-style boots. And while it appears to be the first time that the duo have been spotted enjoying an evening out together, it is likely not the first occasion that they have met. Both stars have made regular appearances on the catwalks at various Fashion Weeks, while Shaun has also starred in campaigns for the likes of Alexander McQueen and Givenchy. Coincidentally, the models also each had a helping hand from fellow fashion star Tyra Banks. Fashion stars: While Evan opted for an all-black ensemble, topped off with a bizarre baseball cap, Winnie wore a black and gold mini dress and strappy sandals . Rising stars: Both Shaun and Winnie have each achieved global recognition in the fashion indsutry, appearing in numerous high-profile fashion campaigns . Strut your stuff: Both Winnie (L), pictured at the Desigual fall/winter 2015 show, and Shaun (R), pictured on the catwalk in February, boast impressive runway credentials . Winnie, whose real name is Chantelle Brown-Young, was one of the contestants on Tyra's hit reality series America's Next Top Model, while Shaun made an appearance on the former model's eponymous talk show in 2009. Despite their cozy appearance, it's not thought that the two are dating - however Shaun did take the time to post a heartwarming message to the model on his Instagram account, just hours after the pair attended the Popular magazine event. Alongside an image of the two of them, Shaun wrote: 'So much fun last night @winnieharlow keep up the good work. From an original believer in you.' And it seems his sweet sentiments were reciprocated by Winnie, who posted a similar image on her own account, saying: 'Sweet nothings with my fly friend @shaundross'

Winnie, 19, was diagnosed with the rare condition when she was four-years-old .
Condition causes a lack of melanin which forms white patches on the skin .


(CNN)When Melissa Atkins Wardy, author of "Redefining Girly" and a passionate advocate for fighting gender stereotypes, heard from a frustrated mom on Facebook, she knew she needed to do something. So she shared the mom's story. In a blog post, Wardy told how the mom, Veronica of Richland, Washington, wanted to buy "Big Hero 6" fabric to make pillows for her two children. The problem? The fabric didn't include two of the heroes from the movie: the female characters, Honey Lemon and GoGo. So Veronica decided to send an email to Springs Creative, the company that makes the fabric, saying that as a woman and an engineer, she was offended. She got an answer from the company but it didn't help. Girl empowerment ads like GoldieBlox: Do they work? A licensing manager for Springs Creative responded that the company has found that boys don't want girl characters on their things. "Eeeww girls! Yuck! Haha," the licensing manager wrote. It will come as no surprise that Veronica was none too pleased to receive that response. "I was frustrated and disgusted that a manager, and a female manager too, would laugh off my initial contact with the company. It was unprofessional. So I responded," Veronica told CNN. She asked that we not use her last name, in order to maintain her privacy. In an email back to the company, Veronica wrote, "By eliminating the women in your fabric design, you are telling boys that it's OK to think girls are yucky, unworthy and less than a boy. "You are also telling girls they are unworthy, unwanted and that it's un-cool to be smart and confident." What happened next shows that parents, aided by social media outrage, may have more leverage to combat gender stereotyping in our culture than they realize. And the "Big Hero 6" example -- along with a similar recent one involving TOMS, the shoes retailer -- suggests that manufacturers may be finally getting it, too. First, the rest of the story about Springs Creative and the "Big Hero" fabric: After sharing Veronica's story with her readers and her 6,700 Twitter followers, Wardy encouraged people to give Springs Creative a piece of their mind. She also invited them to tweet their own stories with the hashtag #IncludeTheGirls. Women responded in droves, pointing out how Black Widow, the female character in the popular "Avengers" superhero movie franchise, is often excluded from merchandise and how cereal boxes rarely include female characters. "This sends the direct message to both boys and girls that females are forgettable, unimportant, undesirable. What a horrible thing to teach our children!" said Wardy, who is also the founder and chief executive officer of Pigtail Pals & Ballcap Buddies, a company that makes empowering clothing for boys and girls. "The prevailing theory is, 1. boys are the default audience, and 2. boys won't want an item with a girl on it," Wardy said. "Yet, I talk with thousands of parents every week who say otherwise." Why trying to make our kids happy can backfire . Those parents are clearly making their voices heard. Because not too long after Veronica received her initial response from Springs Creative, Wardy said she got a call from the company, asking her to post a statement from Springs Creative on her site. "It is sometimes difficult to hear negative feedback but the message was clear and we intend to act upon your message," the statement read. "Most importantly, Springs Creative does not condone sexism in any shape or form and does not design products to shine a negative light on females OR males." The company said it would be talking with Disney "immediately" about additional designs for "Big Hero 6" that would incorporate all the characters. "We would never intentionally offend any segment of the population. We are a strong company with positive morals and values and we respect and see both genders equally," said the statement. Springs Creative told CNN it would have no further comment. Veronica said she was surprised the company responded so quickly. "I do not believe this would have happened without the Pigtail Pals and Ballcap Buddies community also raising their voices." The real March Madness: When will women's teams get equal buzz? Around the same time, Wardy heard from another follower about an issue with TOMS and wrote about it on her site. On the normally progressive retailer's Web landing page for kids were photos that some parents felt played into gender stereotypes. One photo suggested "Playtime Approved" shoes for boys, and the other, this one on a pink background, included the caption "Little Ladies: adorn their feet for spring." "Really, TOMS? Girls are not ornaments we adorn. Girls play, too!" Wardy wrote on her Facebook page. Two hours later, Wardy received a comment from TOMS on her Facebook page, saying that the company completely agrees and that the wording has been changed to now say "new arrivals for kids." "We're really grateful whenever our community brings something like this to our attention," said Doug Piwinski, senior vice president, global marketing and communications for TOMS. "Perhaps as much or more than any other brand, I mean we really listen to our customers in our community." So, here's my question: Are the two speedy responses from companies after women spoke out on social media more a sign that companies are truly getting it about gender stereotypes and girl and boy empowerment, or more a sign of the power of parents? Or are they a mixture of both? How to Super Bowl #LikeAGirl . Wardy said there's no doubt that companies are in business to protect their bottom line, and that will always be a motivator. But she said these back-to-back incidents show what can happen when parents make it clear they won't buy products from companies that sell gender stereotypes. " 'Be not silent' is my mantra. Speak up!" Wardy said. "The success with Springs Creative and TOMS and other wins we've had in the past is an example of the power of parents (moms and dads) and children's advocates aggregating their voices to say, 'Enough is enough.' " Veronica said it's a sign of the power of parents becoming "more aware, reactive and using social media to make their voices heard by companies that market to children." She added, "One voice can be dismissed; the hailstorm of voices collectively cannot be ignored so easily." It is clear, from these two examples, that parents using their voices online and with their wallets can encourage companies to change. There's no question that raising awareness about stereotypes helps, said Wardy. "If companies aren't paying attention by now, they most certainly should be." Pink, princess-y and sexy too soon . Do you think more companies are getting the message to include girl characters on merchandise? Share your thoughts with Kelly Wallace on Twitter or CNN Living on Facebook.

A mom of two got upset when "Big Hero 6" fabric didn't include the two female characters .
Another mom called attention to gender stereotypes on a TOMS Web page .
In both cases, the companies responded quickly to answer parents' concerns .


(CNN)Blinky and Pinky on the Champs Elysees? Inky and Clyde running down Broadway? Power pellets on the Embarcadero? Leave it to Google to make April Fools' Day into throwback fun by combining Google Maps with Pac-Man. The massive tech company is known for its impish April Fools' Day pranks, and Google Maps has been at the center of a few, including a Pokemon Challenge and a treasure map. This year the company was a day early to the party, rolling out the Pac-Man game Tuesday. It's easy to play: Simply pull up Google Maps on your desktop browser, click on the Pac-Man icon on the lower left, and your map suddenly becomes a Pac-Man course. Twitterers have been tickled by the possibilities, playing Pac-Man in Manhattan, on the University of Illinois quad, in central London and down crooked Lombard Street in San Francisco, among many locations: .

Google Maps has a temporary Pac-Man function .
Google has long been fond of April Fools' Day pranks and games .
Many people are turning their cities into Pac-Man courses .


(CNN)Would you want a TV program about your family history to include details of a distant, long-deceased relative who had owned slaves? Seriously, who in their right mind would want to be tarnished by the sins of an ancestor you had no connection to other than a remote bloodline? I wouldn't, and neither did Ben Affleck, who lobbied producers of a PBS show, "Finding Your Roots," to remove any reference to his great-great-great grandfather Benjamin Cole, a Georgia slave owner in the mid-1800's, in an episode that looked at Affleck's family history. (Affleck revealed Cole's name Wednesday night.) Here's the thing that might surprise many, given the tendency of the media to exploit any potentially scandalous material: The show's producer, Harvard professor Henry Louis Gates Jr., apparently acquiesced to Affleck's request, because when the episode aired in October 2014, there was no mention of the star's slave-owning ancestor. Affleck's attempt to alter the content of the program only publicly became known a few days ago after WikiLeaks released hacked emails revealing an exchange between Gates and Sony Pictures chief Michael Lynton. When Gates asked how he should respond to Affleck's request to delete the material, Lynton responded, "all things being equal, I would definitely take it out." And on Tuesday, Affleck, via Facebook, admitted that he had urged Gates to excise any reference to his slave-owning relative. Affleck explained, "I didn't want any television show about my family to include a guy who owned slaves. I was embarrassed. The very thought left a bad taste in my mouth." Now Gates has publicly denied that he made his decision about the content of the program based on Affleck's request, but it seems likely that he did. After all, Affleck noted as much in his Facebook post, writing that Gates "agreed with me on the slave owner but made other choices I disagreed with." And three other celebrities profiled on the series last season were shown to have been related to slave owners. So it's unlikely that it was simply happenstance that it left out any reference to Affleck's familial slave ownership connection. In any event, PBS has launched an internal review to determine if the show violated its own editorial standards. Whatever the results of the review, Affleck and Gates did the right thing. Let's be clear: "Finding Your Roots" is not an investigative news show; it's an entertainment program. In fact, as Affleck noted, much of the material is provided directly by the celebrity being profiled. It's not "60 Minutes" but more in the nature of a sophisticated profile of celebrities, using their marquee names to attract viewers. There's not even a hint that Affleck strong-armed the producers or made any type of threats against them if they included the information. In the emails between Gates and Lynton, which they presumably believed at the time were confidential and would remain so, there was no mention of undue pressure by Affleck. Instead, Gates simply noted that Affleck  "asked us to edit out something." After the emails were revealed, Gates issued a statement, saying, "Ultimately, I maintain editorial control on all of my projects and, with my producers, decide what will make for the most compelling program. In the case of Mr. Affleck we focused on what we felt were the most interesting aspects of his ancestry -- including a Revolutionary War ancestor, a third great-grandfather who was an occult enthusiast, and his mother who marched for civil rights during the Freedom Summer of 1964." My view would be different if Affleck had a history of uttering racist remarks or engaging in racist conduct. That would have made the information truly newsworthy. But instead we have a man known for championing progressive causes, which I'm sure made him even more acutely sensitive that some on the right might possibly use this information against him in the future. Perhaps that's what Affleck meant in his Facebook post when he wrote that this information made him feel "vulnerable." Affleck has noted that he regrets asking PBS to not include information about his "distant relative."  That's a nice gesture, but it was not needed. Affleck had every right to ask for the information about a long-deceased distant relative to be left out of the show. And PBS had the choice to include it or leave it out. I applaud PBS for doing the right thing at a time when media outlets rarely show any restraint on the lives of people in the public eye.

Ben Affleck admits he asked PBS show "Finding Your Roots" to avoid mentioning his slave-owning ancestor .
Dean Obeidallah says the actor and the show were right to leave the detail out .


def set_state(self, color_hex):
        """
        :param color_hex: a hex string indicating the color of the porkfolio nose
        :return: nothing
        From the api...
        "the color of the nose is not in the desired_state
        but on the object itself."
        """
        root_name = self.json_state.get('piggy_bank_id', self.name())
        response = self.api_interface.set_device_state(self, {
            "nose_color": color_hex
        }, root_name)
        self._update_state_from_response(response)


def is_delimiter(line):
    """ True if a line consists only of a single punctuation character."""
    return bool(line) and line[0] in punctuation and line[0]*len(line) == line


def changed(self, selection='all'):
        '''
        Returns the list of changed values.
        The key is added to each item.

        selection
            Specifies the desired changes.
            Supported values are
                ``all`` - all changed items are included in the output
                ``intersect`` - changed items present in both lists are included
        '''
        changed = []
        if selection == 'all':
            for recursive_item in self._get_recursive_difference(type='all'):
                # We want the unset values as well
                recursive_item.ignore_unset_values = False
                key_val = six.text_type(recursive_item.past_dict[self._key]) \
                        if self._key in recursive_item.past_dict \
                        else six.text_type(recursive_item.current_dict[self._key])

                for change in recursive_item.changed():
                    if change != self._key:
                        changed.append('.'.join([self._key, key_val, change]))
            return changed
        elif selection == 'intersect':
                # We want the unset values as well
            for recursive_item in self._get_recursive_difference(type='intersect'):
                recursive_item.ignore_unset_values = False
                key_val = six.text_type(recursive_item.past_dict[self._key]) \
                        if self._key in recursive_item.past_dict \
                        else six.text_type(recursive_item.current_dict[self._key])

                for change in recursive_item.changed():
                    if change != self._key:
                        changed.append('.'.join([self._key, key_val, change]))
            return changed


def teardown_handler(teardown_fixtures_fn, teardown_fn):
        """Returns a function that adds fixtures handling to the teardown method.

        Calls the given teardown method first before calling the fixtures teardown.
        """
        def handler(obj):
            teardown_fn(obj)
            teardown_fixtures_fn(obj)
        return handler


def remove(self, workflow_id):
        """ Removes a document specified by its id from the data store.

        All associated GridFs documents are deleted as well.

        Args:
            workflow_id (str): The id of the document that represents a workflow run.

        Raises:
            DataStoreNotConnected: If the data store is not connected to the server.
        """
        try:
            db = self._client[self.database]
            fs = GridFSProxy(GridFS(db.unproxied_object))

            for grid_doc in fs.find({"workflow_id": workflow_id},
                                    no_cursor_timeout=True):
                fs.delete(grid_doc._id)

            col = db[WORKFLOW_DATA_COLLECTION_NAME]
            return col.delete_one({"_id": ObjectId(workflow_id)})

        except ConnectionFailure:
            raise DataStoreNotConnected()


def _has_definition(self):
        """True if a footer is defined for this section."""
        footerReference = self._sectPr.get_footerReference(self._hdrftr_index)
        return False if footerReference is None else True


def fit_circle_check(points,
                     scale,
                     prior=None,
                     final=False,
                     verbose=False):
    """
    Fit a circle, and reject the fit if:
    * the radius is larger than tol.radius_min*scale or tol.radius_max*scale
    * any segment spans more than tol.seg_angle
    * any segment is longer than tol.seg_frac*scale
    * the fit deviates by more than tol.radius_frac*radius
    * the segments on the ends deviate from tangent by more than tol.tangent

    Parameters
    ---------
    points:  (n, d) set of points which represent a path
    prior:   (center, radius) tuple for best guess, or None if unknown
    scale:   float, what is the overall scale of the set of points
    verbose: boolean, if True output log.debug messages for the reasons
             for fit rejection. Potentially generates hundreds of thousands of
             messages so only suggested in manual debugging.

    Returns
    ---------
    if fit is acceptable:
        (center, radius) tuple
    else:
        None
    """
    # an arc needs at least three points
    if len(points) < 3:
        return None

    # do a least squares fit on the points
    C, R, r_deviation = fit_nsphere(points, prior=prior)

    # check to make sure radius is between min and max allowed
    if not tol.radius_min < (R / scale) < tol.radius_max:
        if verbose:
            log.debug('circle fit error: R %f', R / scale)
        return None

    # check point radius error
    r_error = r_deviation / R
    if r_error > tol.radius_frac:
        if verbose:
            log.debug('circle fit error: fit %s', str(r_error))
        return None

    vectors = np.diff(points, axis=0)
    segment = np.linalg.norm(vectors, axis=1)

    # approximate angle in radians, segments are linear length
    # not arc length but this is close and avoids a cosine
    angle = segment / R
    if (angle > tol.seg_angle).any():
        if verbose:
            log.debug('circle fit error: angle %s', str(angle))
        return None

    if final and (angle > tol.seg_angle_min).sum() < 3:
        log.debug('final: angle %s', str(angle))
        return None

    # check segment length as a fraction of drawing scale
    scaled = segment / scale

    if (scaled > tol.seg_frac).any():
        if verbose:
            log.debug('circle fit error: segment %s', str(scaled))
        return None

    # check to make sure the line segments on the ends are actually
    # tangent with the candidate circle fit
    mid_pt = points[[0, -2]] + (vectors[[0, -1]] * .5)
    radial = unitize(mid_pt - C)
    ends = unitize(vectors[[0, -1]])
    tangent = np.abs(np.arccos(diagonal_dot(radial, ends)))
    tangent = np.abs(tangent - np.pi / 2).max()

    if tangent > tol.tangent:
        if verbose:
            log.debug('circle fit error: tangent %f',
                      np.degrees(tangent))
        return None

    result = {'center': C,
              'radius': R}

    return result


def ct2mu(im):
    '''HU units to 511keV PET mu-values
        https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs00259-002-0796-3.pdf
        C. Burger, et al., PET attenuation coefficients from CT images,
    '''

    # convert nans to -1024 for the HU values only
    im[np.isnan(im)] = -1024
    # constants
    muwater  = 0.096
    mubone   = 0.172
    rhowater = 0.184
    rhobone  = 0.428
    uim = np.zeros(im.shape, dtype=np.float32)
    uim[im<=0] = muwater * ( 1+im[im<=0]*1e-3 )
    uim[im> 0] = muwater+im[im>0]*(rhowater*(mubone-muwater)/(1e3*(rhobone-rhowater)))
    # remove negative values
    uim[uim<0] = 0
    return uim


membership of parliament see minutes


approval of minutes of previous sitting see minutes


verification of credentials see minutes


documents received see minutes


written statements and oral questions (tabling) see minutes


texts of agreements forwarded by the council see minutes


action taken on parliament's resolutions see minutes


agenda for next sitting see minutes


Context: Since about the year 2000, a growing number of Internet pharmacies have been established worldwide. Many of these pharmacies are similar to community pharmacies, and in fact, many of them are actually operated by brick-and-mortar community pharmacies that serve consumers online and those that walk in their door. The primary difference is the method by which the medications are requested and received. Some customers consider this to be more convenient and private method rather than traveling to a community drugstore where another customer might overhear about the drugs that they take. Internet pharmacies (also known as online pharmacies) are also recommended to some patients by their physicians if they are homebound.

Question: What are internet pharmacies also called?

online pharmacies
online pharmacies
online pharmacies


Context: As of April 2014, there are 88 private schools in New Zealand, catering for around 28,000 students or 3.7% of the entire student population. Private school numbers have been in decline since the mid-1970s as a result of many private schools opting to become state-integrated schools, mostly due of financial difficulties stemming from changes in student numbers and/or the economy. State-integrated schools keep their private school special character and receives state funds in return for having to operate like a state school, e.g. they must teach the state curriculum, they must employ registered teachers, and they can't charge tuition fees (they can charge "attendance dues" for the upkeep on the still-private school land and buildings). The largest decline in private school numbers occurred between 1979 and 1984, when the nation's then-private Catholic school system integrated. As a result, private schools in New Zealand are now largely restricted to the largest cities (Auckland, Hamilton, Wellington and Christchurch) and niche markets.

Question: What percentage of New Zealand students attended private schools in April 2014?


Context: The modern trend in design is toward integration of previously separated specialties, especially among large firms. In the past, architects, interior designers, engineers, developers, construction managers, and general contractors were more likely to be entirely separate companies, even in the larger firms. Presently, a firm that is nominally an "architecture" or "construction management" firm may have experts from all related fields as employees, or to have an associated company that provides each necessary skill. Thus, each such firm may offer itself as "one-stop shopping" for a construction project, from beginning to end. This is designated as a "design build" contract where the contractor is given a performance specification and must undertake the project from design to construction, while adhering to the performance specifications.

Question: What kind of contract is given when the contractor is given a performance specification and must undertake the project from design to construction, while adhering to the performance specifications?

design build
"design build" contract
"design build" contract


Context: The tapestry collection includes a fragment of the Cloth of St Gereon, the oldest known surviving European tapestry. A highlight of the collection is the four Devonshire Hunting Tapestries, very rare 15th-century tapestries, woven in the Netherlands, depicting the hunting of various animals; not just their age but their size make these unique. Both of the major English centres of tapestry weaving of the 16th and 17th centuries respectively, Sheldon & Mortlake are represented in the collection by several examples. Also included are tapestries from John Vanderbank's workshop which was the leading English tapestry manufactory in the late 17th century and early 18th century. Some of the finest tapestries are examples from the Gobelins workshop, including a set of 'Jason and the Argonauts' dating from the 1750s. Other continental centres of tapestry weaving with work in the collection include Brussels, Tournai, Beauvais, Strasbourg and Florence.

Question: What do the Devonshire Hunting Tapestries depict?

hunting of various animals
hunting of various animals
the hunting of various animals


Context: In southern Europe, the stage was set in the Triassic Period of the Mesozoic Era, with the opening of the Tethys Ocean, between the Eurasian and African tectonic plates, between about 240 MBP and 220 MBP (million years before present). The present Mediterranean Sea descends from this somewhat larger Tethys sea. At about 180 MBP, in the Jurassic Period, the two plates reversed direction and began to compress the Tethys floor, causing it to be subducted under Eurasia and pushing up the edge of the latter plate in the Alpine Orogeny of the Oligocene and Miocene Periods. Several microplates were caught in the squeeze and rotated or were pushed laterally, generating the individual features of Mediterranean geography: Iberia pushed up the Pyrenees; Italy, the Alps, and Anatolia, moving west, the mountains of Greece and the islands. The compression and orogeny continue today, as shown by the ongoing raising of the mountains a small amount each year and the active volcanoes.

Question: The present Mediterranean Sea descends from what sea?


Context: Warsaw's first stock exchange was established in 1817 and continued trading until World War II. It was re-established in April 1991, following the end of the post-war communist control of the country and the reintroduction of a free-market economy. Today, the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) is, according to many indicators, the largest market in the region, with 374 companies listed and total capitalization of 162 584 mln EUR as of 31 August 2009. From 1991 until 2000, the stock exchange was, ironically, located in the building previously used as the headquarters of the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR).

Question: How many companies were listed on the WSE on August 2009?


Been running away so long from the day
Into the strange night of stone to fade away
As the light is gently bleedin out of my soul
Penetrating the evening as i ride... on this endless road
But you cant turn back the time
It always gonna wait on the line
Some may wish never to be born
Wasting the dawn
Like a rose growing from the Christs thorn
Wasting the dawn
Been waiting for you so long little bird of prey
To fly me higher to the brighter day
Where the lizard lingers long under the sun
Forgetting the night ; darkest July
Paris


What would there be as the river of sadness turns into sea
Could there be another thousand stories like you and me
Wanted a heart, wanted a soul
More than anything else in this world
But we are doomed ; our flesh and wounds
I would never give in
Just like the moon does
We rise and shine and fall
Over you that I rise and shine and crawl
Victims arent we all
What would there be beyond the eyes of Brandon Lee
Could there be a revenging angel left to bleed
Wanted the truth ; wanted the faith
More than anything else in this world
But we are doomed ; body and soul marooned
I would never give in
Just like the moon does
We rise and shine and fall
Over you that I rise and shine and crawl
Victims arent we all
Just like the moon does
We rise and shine and fall
Over you that I rise and shine and crawl
Victims arent we all
Arent we all
Arent we all
Just like the moon does
We rise and shine and fall
Over you that I rise and shine and crawl
Victims arent we all
Just like the moon does
We rise and shine and fall
Over you that I rise and shine and crawl
Victims arent we all
Arent we all
Arent we all
Angel


You wanna rock
Morning light hurts your eyes
But thats another thing
Nothing really matters
Behind the shades of blue
Blind boys never lie
But thats another thing
Nothing really matters
Behind the shades of blue
Cause in the end
Youre just reborn again
You wanna rock
Nothings gonna make you stop
And nothings gonna break you up
Everybody knows youre lost in the night time, honey
Lost boys
We are dead until dark
But thats another thing
Nothing really matters
Behind the shades of blue
You say you wanna live like I do
But thats another thing
Nothing really matters
Behind the shades of blue
Cause in the end
Were just reborn again
You wanna rock
Nothings gonna make you stop
And nothings gonna break you up
Everybody knows youre lost in the night time, honey
Lost boys
Nothings gonna make you stop
And nothings gonna break you up
Everybody knows youre lost in the night time, honey
Lost boys
You wanna rock
Nothings gonna make you stop
And nothings gonna break you up
Everybody knows youre lost in the night time, honey
Lost boys
Nothings gonna make you stop
And nothings gonna break you up
Everybody knows youre lost in the night time, honey
Lost boys
Nothings gonna make you stop
And nothings gonna break you up
Everybody knows youre lost in the night time, honey
Lost boys
Nothings gonna make you stop
Lost boys
Everybody knows youre lost
Lost boys


You can see her
Whenever it rains
From Rome to New Orleans
Dancing on the graves
Burden by the heart
She loves her sunglasses after dark
And every single day her little life falls apart
Shes out to look so macabre and alone
Shes close to hook on her dying
Just like a gothic girl
Lost in the darken world
My lil gothic girl
Darkerside jewel are your razorcuts for real, baby
You can see
Shes on her road to ruin
Stigmata from crucifixion
On her pale white skin
Tribal pagan art
She loves her tattooed Egyptian mark
And every single day her love will tear us apart
Shes out to look so macabre and alone
Shes close to hook on her dying
Just like a gothic girl
Lost in the darken world
My lil gothic girl
Darkerside jewel are your razorcuts for real, baby