
"""simple docstring"""



UpperCAmelCase__          = 8.31_44_62  # Unit - J mol-1 K-1
def 					_UpperCAmelCase      ( __lowerCamelCase   :       Union[str, Any] ,					__lowerCamelCase   :       List[Any] ,					__lowerCamelCase   :       Dict		)     ->					str:
  if moles < 0 or kelvin < 0 or volume < 0:
    raise ValueError('''Invalid inputs. Enter positive value.'''		)
  return moles * kelvin * UNIVERSAL_GAS_CONSTANT / volume
def 					_UpperCAmelCase      ( __lowerCamelCase   :       Tuple ,					__lowerCamelCase   :       Dict ,					__lowerCamelCase   :       List[str]		)     ->					Optional[Any]:
  if moles < 0 or kelvin < 0 or pressure < 0:
    raise ValueError('''Invalid inputs. Enter positive value.'''		)
  return moles * kelvin * UNIVERSAL_GAS_CONSTANT / pressure


if __name__ == "__main__":
 from doctest import testmod

 testmod()







from importlib import import_module

from .logging import get_logger


__lowerCAmelCase	: str  				=get_logger(__name__)
class        _lowercase      :






				'''simple docstring'''



				def __init__(       self			:List[Any]			,			lowerCAmelCase__			:List[Any]			,			lowerCAmelCase__			:str=None	)		->			int:
										__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						:     List[str]					=		attrs or []
										if module is not None:
																for key in module.__dict__:
																						if key in attrs or not key.startswith('''__'''	):
																												setattr(self			,			lowerCAmelCase__			,			getattr(lowerCAmelCase__			,			lowerCAmelCase__	)	)
										__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						:     Optional[Any]					=		module._original_module if isinstance(lowerCAmelCase__			,			_PatchedModuleObj	) else module




class        _lowercase      :






				'''simple docstring'''



				SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__				:			Optional[int]						=		[]


				def __init__(       self			:Tuple			,			lowerCAmelCase__			:Optional[Any]			,			lowerCAmelCase__			:str			,			lowerCAmelCase__			:Any			,			lowerCAmelCase__			:Dict=None	)		->			List[Any]:
										__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						:     Optional[int]					=		obj
										__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						:     str					=		target
										__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						:     Dict					=		new
										__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						:     Union[str, Any]					=		target.split('''.'''	)[0]
										__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						:     List[str]					=		{}
										__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						:     Tuple					=		attrs or []


				def __enter__(       self			:int	)		->			Dict:
										*__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE			,			__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						:     Optional[Any]					=		self.target.split('''.'''	)

										# Patch modules:
										# it's used to patch attributes of submodules like "os.path.join";
										# in this case we need to patch "os" and "os.path"

										for i in range(len(lowerCAmelCase__	)	):
																try:
																						__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						:     Any					=		import_module('''.'''.join(submodules[: i + 1]	)	)
																except ModuleNotFoundError:
																						continue
																# We iterate over all the globals in self.obj in case we find "os" or "os.path"
																for attr in self.obj.__dir__():
																						__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						:     Union[str, Any]					=		getattr(self.obj			,			lowerCAmelCase__	)
																						# We don't check for the name of the global, but rather if its value *is* "os" or "os.path".
																						# This allows to patch renamed modules like "from os import path as ospath".
																						if obj_attr is submodule or (
																						    (isinstance(lowerCAmelCase__			,			_PatchedModuleObj	) and obj_attr._original_module is submodule)
																						):
																												__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						:     int					=		obj_attr
																												# patch at top level
																												setattr(self.obj			,			lowerCAmelCase__			,			_PatchedModuleObj(lowerCAmelCase__			,			attrs=self.attrs	)	)
																												__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						:     List[str]					=		getattr(self.obj			,			lowerCAmelCase__	)
																												# construct lower levels patches
																												for key in submodules[i + 1 :]:
																																		setattr(lowerCAmelCase__			,			lowerCAmelCase__			,			_PatchedModuleObj(getattr(lowerCAmelCase__			,			lowerCAmelCase__			,			lowerCAmelCase__	)			,			attrs=self.attrs	)	)
																																		__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						:     Tuple					=		getattr(lowerCAmelCase__			,			lowerCAmelCase__	)
																												# finally set the target attribute
																												setattr(lowerCAmelCase__			,			lowerCAmelCase__			,			self.new	)

        # Patch attribute itself:
        # it's used for builtins like "open",
        # and also to patch "os.path.join" we may also need to patch "join"
        # itself if it was imported as "from os.path import join".

										if submodules:  # if it's an attribute of a submodule like "os.path.join"
																try:
																						__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						:     Union[str, Any]					=		getattr(import_module('''.'''.join(lowerCAmelCase__	)	)			,			lowerCAmelCase__	)
																except (AttributeError, ModuleNotFoundError):
																						return
																# We iterate over all the globals in self.obj in case we find "os.path.join"
																for attr in self.obj.__dir__():
																						# We don't check for the name of the global, but rather if its value *is* "os.path.join".
																						# This allows to patch renamed attributes like "from os.path import join as pjoin".
																						if getattr(self.obj			,			lowerCAmelCase__	) is attr_value:
																												__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						:     Any					=		getattr(self.obj			,			lowerCAmelCase__	)
																												setattr(self.obj			,			lowerCAmelCase__			,			self.new	)
										elif target_attr in globals()["__builtins__"]:  # if it'a s builtin like "open"
																__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						:     Union[str, Any]					=		globals()['''__builtins__'''][target_attr]
																setattr(self.obj			,			lowerCAmelCase__			,			self.new	)
										else:
																raise RuntimeError(f'''Tried to patch attribute {target_attr} instead of a submodule.'''	)


				def __exit__(       self			:str			,			*lowerCAmelCase__			:Union[str, Any]	)		->			Optional[int]:
										for attr in list(self.original	):
																setattr(self.obj			,			lowerCAmelCase__			,			self.original.pop(lowerCAmelCase__	)	)


				def 		__magic_name__(       self			:List[Any]	)		->			List[Any]:
										self.__enter__()
										self._active_patches.append(self	)



				def 		__magic_name__(       self			:Optional[int]	)		->			int:
										try:
																self._active_patches.remove(self	)
										except ValueError:
																# If the patch hasn't been started this will fail
																return None

										return self.__exit__()
