'''simple docstring'''

from string import ascii_uppercase



def  _lowerCAmelCase				(				__a			,      __a			,      __a = False			,      __a = ascii_uppercase      )  ->      str:
     '''simple docstring'''







     _UpperCamelCase  :Optional[int]       =keyword.upper()
     _UpperCamelCase  :Optional[Any]       =plaintext.upper()
     _UpperCamelCase  :Tuple       =set(__a      )

     # create a list of unique characters in the keyword - their order matters
     # it determines how we will map plaintext characters to the ciphertext
     _UpperCamelCase  :List[str]       =[]
     for char in keyword:
          if char in alphabet_set and char not in unique_chars:
               unique_chars.append(__a      )
    # the number of those unique characters will determine the number of rows
     _UpperCamelCase  :Dict       =len(__a      )

     # create a shifted version of the alphabet
     _UpperCamelCase  :int       =unique_chars + [
         char for char in alphabet if char not in unique_chars
     ]

     # create a modified alphabet by splitting the shifted alphabet into rows
     _UpperCamelCase  :Any       =[
         shifted_alphabet[k : k + num_unique_chars_in_keyword]
         for k in range(0			,      26			,      __a      )
     ]

     # map the alphabet characters to the modified alphabet characters
     # going 'vertically' through the modified alphabet - consider columns first
     _UpperCamelCase  :str       ={}
     _UpperCamelCase  :str       =0
     for column in range(__a      ):
          for row in modified_alphabet:
               # if current row (the last one) is too short, break out of loop
               if len(__a      ) <= column:
                    break

               # map current letter to letter in modified alphabet
               _UpperCamelCase  :List[Any]       =row[column]
               letter_index += 1

     if verbose:
          print(__a      )
     # create the encrypted text by mapping the plaintext to the modified alphabet
     return "".join(mapping[char] if char in mapping else char for char in plaintext      )


if __name__ == "__main__":
      # example use
      print(mixed_keyword("""college""", """UNIVERSITY"""))



from __future__ import annotations

from abc import abstractmethod
from collections.abc import Iterable
from typing import Generic, Protocol, TypeVar





class 			lowerCAmelCase__(     snake_case__    ):






    '''simple docstring'''





    @abstractmethod
    def __lt__(						self					: T							, __snake_case					: T						):





       '''simple docstring'''
       pass





    @abstractmethod
    def __gt__(						self					: T							, __snake_case					: T						):





       '''simple docstring'''
       pass





    @abstractmethod
    def __eq__(						self					: T							, __snake_case					: object						):





       '''simple docstring'''
       pass





__UpperCamelCase					:	Dict          =				TypeVar('T', bound=Comparable)





class 			lowerCAmelCase__(     Generic[T]    ):






    '''simple docstring'''





    def __init__(						self					: Tuple						):





       '''simple docstring'''
       UpperCAmelCase_				:   list[T]							= []
       UpperCAmelCase_				:   int							= 0





    def __repr__(						self					: Any						):





       '''simple docstring'''
       return str(self.h						)





    def        _lowerCamelCase			(						self					: str							, __snake_case					: int						):





       '''simple docstring'''
       if child_idx > 0:
          return (child_idx - 1) // 2
       return None





    def        _lowerCamelCase			(						self					: str							, __snake_case					: int						):





       '''simple docstring'''
       UpperCAmelCase_				:   Dict							= 2 * parent_idx + 1
       if left_child_index < self.heap_size:
          return left_child_index
       return None





    def        _lowerCamelCase			(						self					: int							, __snake_case					: int						):





       '''simple docstring'''
       UpperCAmelCase_				:   Union[str, Any]							= 2 * parent_idx + 2
       if right_child_index < self.heap_size:
          return right_child_index
       return None





    def        _lowerCamelCase			(						self					: Union[str, Any]							, __snake_case					: int						):





       '''simple docstring'''
       if index < self.heap_size:
          UpperCAmelCase_				:   int							= index
          UpperCAmelCase_				:   List[str]							= self.left_child_idx(__snake_case						)
          UpperCAmelCase_				:   List[str]							= self.right_child_idx(__snake_case						)
          # check which child is larger than its parent
          if left_child is not None and self.h[left_child] > self.h[violation]:
             UpperCAmelCase_				:   List[str]							= left_child
          if right_child is not None and self.h[right_child] > self.h[violation]:
             UpperCAmelCase_				:   List[str]							= right_child
          # if violation indeed exists
          if violation != index:
             # swap to fix the violation
             UpperCAmelCase_		,   UpperCAmelCase_				:   List[Any]							= self.h[index], self.h[violation]
             # fix the subsequent violation recursively if any
             self.max_heapify(__snake_case						)





    def        _lowerCamelCase			(						self					: Optional[Any]							, __snake_case					: Iterable[T]						):





       '''simple docstring'''
       UpperCAmelCase_				:   Union[str, Any]							= list(__snake_case						)
       UpperCAmelCase_				:   int							= len(self.h						)
       if self.heap_size > 1:
          # max_heapify from right to left but exclude leaves (last level)
          for i in range(self.heap_size // 2 - 1							, -1							, -1						):
             self.max_heapify(__snake_case						)





    def        _lowerCamelCase			(						self					: Tuple						):





       '''simple docstring'''
       if self.heap_size >= 2:
          UpperCAmelCase_				:   List[str]							= self.h[0]
          UpperCAmelCase_				:   Dict							= self.h.pop(-1						)
          self.heap_size -= 1
          self.max_heapify(0						)
          return me
       elif self.heap_size == 1:
          self.heap_size -= 1
          return self.h.pop(-1						)
       else:
          raise Exception('''Empty heap'''						)





    def        _lowerCamelCase			(						self					: List[str]							, __snake_case					: T						):





       '''simple docstring'''
       self.h.append(__snake_case						)
       UpperCAmelCase_				:   Tuple							= (self.heap_size - 1) // 2
       self.heap_size += 1
       while idx >= 0:
          self.max_heapify(__snake_case						)
          UpperCAmelCase_				:   int							= (idx - 1) // 2





    def        _lowerCamelCase			(						self					: List[str]						):





       '''simple docstring'''
       UpperCAmelCase_				:   Tuple							= self.heap_size
       for j in range(size - 1							, 0							, -1						):
          UpperCAmelCase_		,   UpperCAmelCase_				:   Any							= self.h[j], self.h[0]
          self.heap_size -= 1
          self.max_heapify(0						)
       UpperCAmelCase_				:   Union[str, Any]							= size


if __name__ == "__main__":
       import doctest

       # run doc test
       doctest.testmod()

       # demo
       for unsorted in [
           [0],
           [2],
           [3, 5],
           [5, 3],
           [5, 5],
           [0, 0, 0, 0],
           [1, 1, 1, 1],
           [2, 2, 3, 5],
           [0, 2, 2, 3, 5],
           [2, 5, 3, 0, 2, 3, 0, 3],
           [6, 1, 2, 7, 9, 3, 4, 5, 10, 8],
           [103, 9, 1, 7, 11, 15, 25, 201, 209, 107, 5],
           [-45, -2, -5],
       ]:
              print(F'unsorted array: {unsorted}')

              __UpperCamelCase					:	Heap[int]          =				Heap()
              heap.build_max_heap(unsorted)
              print(F'after build heap: {heap}')

              print(F'max value: {heap.extract_max()}')
              print(F'after max value removed: {heap}')

              heap.insert(100)
              print(F'after new value 100 inserted: {heap}')

              heap.heap_sort()
              print(F'heap-sorted array: {heap}\n')