

def   _lowerCAmelCase(						__A      ):
  UpperCAmelCase          =	str(__A      ).strip()
  if not oct_string:
    raise ValueError("Empty string was passed to the function"      )
  UpperCAmelCase          =	oct_string[0] == "-"
  if is_negative:
    UpperCAmelCase          =	oct_string[1:]
  if not oct_string.isdigit() or not all(0 <= int(__A      ) <= 7 for char in oct_string      ):
    raise ValueError("Non-octal value was passed to the function"      )
  UpperCAmelCase          =	0
  for char in oct_string:
    UpperCAmelCase          =	8 * decimal_number + int(__A      )
  if is_negative:
    UpperCAmelCase          =	-decimal_number
  return decimal_number


if __name__ == "__main__":
      from doctest import testmod

      testmod()











import numpy as np







def   snake_case		(				UpperCAmelCase						:							Any ):
				A									=   np.exp(UpperCAmelCase )

				# Add up the all the exponentials
				A									=   np.sum(UpperCAmelCase )

				# Divide every exponent by the sum of all exponents
				A									=   exponent_vector / sum_of_exponents

				return softmax_vector


if __name__ == "__main__":
					print(softmax((0,)))





