




def    snake_case   (				A     )				->				str:




	'''simple docstring'''


	if not isinstance(A		,  A     ):
		lowerCamelCase_				:						int				  =				(
		    'operation can not be conducted on a object of type '
		    f"{type(A     ).__name__}"
		)
		raise TypeError(A     )
	lowerCamelCase_				:						List[Any]				  =				''
	for _ in range(0		,  32     ):
		bit_string += str(number % 2     )
		lowerCamelCase_				:						int				  =				number >> 1
	return bit_string






def    snake_case   (				A     )				->				str:




	'''simple docstring'''


	if number < 0:
		raise ValueError('the value of input must be positive'     )
	elif isinstance(A		,  A     ):
		raise TypeError('Input value must be a \'int\' type'     )
	elif isinstance(A		,  A     ):
		raise TypeError('\'<\' not supported between instances of \'str\' and \'int\''     )
	lowerCamelCase_				:						Any				  =				0
	# iterator over [1 to 32],since we are dealing with 32 bit integer
	for _ in range(1		,  33     ):
		# left shift the bits by unity
		lowerCamelCase_				:						Any				  =				result << 1
		# get the end bit
		lowerCamelCase_				:						Any				  =				number % 2
		# right shift the bits by unity
		lowerCamelCase_				:						Optional[Any]				  =				number >> 1
		# add that bit to our ans
		lowerCamelCase_				:						Dict				  =				result | end_bit
	return get_reverse_bit_string(A     )


if __name__ == "__main__":
							import doctest

							doctest.testmod()




from __future__ import annotations







def 	A (		A__		,		A__		,		A__		,		A__			):

     # Base Case
     if counter == 0 or capacity == 0:
          return 0

     # If weight of the nth item is more than Knapsack of capacity,
     #   then this item cannot be included in the optimal solution,
     # else return the maximum of two cases:
     #   (1) nth item included
     #   (2) not included
     if weights[counter - 1] > capacity:
          return knapsack(A__		,		A__		,		A__		,		counter - 1			)
     else:
          UpperCAmelCase    :					List[str]			=      capacity - weights[counter - 1]
          UpperCAmelCase    :					Tuple			=      values[counter - 1] + knapsack(
              A__		,		A__		,		A__		,		counter - 1			)
          UpperCAmelCase    :					Optional[int]			=      knapsack(A__		,		A__		,		A__		,		counter - 1			)
          return max(A__		,		A__			)


if __name__ == "__main__":
      import doctest

      doctest.testmod()



