





'''simple docstring'''







from __future__ import annotations

import sys


class        __a   :

							def __init__(				self				:  Dict							,  __magic_name__				:  str							,  __magic_name__				:  int )       ->							List[Any]:







													"""simple docstring"""
													UpperCAmelCase_      :   List[Any]      =	letter
													UpperCAmelCase_      :   List[str]      =	freq
													UpperCAmelCase_      :   int      =	{}



							def __repr__(				self				:  str )       ->							str:







													"""simple docstring"""
													return F"""{self.letter}:{self.freq}"""





class        __a   :

							def __init__(				self				:  List[Any]							,  __magic_name__				:  int							,  __magic_name__				:  Letter | TreeNode							,  __magic_name__				:  Letter | TreeNode )       ->							Dict:







													"""simple docstring"""
													UpperCAmelCase_      :   Any      =	freq
													UpperCAmelCase_      :   str      =	left
													UpperCAmelCase_      :   str      =	right





def 							lowerCamelCase_   (	SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__   :      Optional[Any] )			->						list[Letter]:
						UpperCAmelCase_      :   Union[str, Any]      =	{}
						with open(__UpperCAmelCase ) as f:
												while True:
																		UpperCAmelCase_      :   List[Any]      =	f.read(1 )
																		if not c:
																								break
																		UpperCAmelCase_      :   Optional[Any]      =	chars[c] + 1 if c in chars else 1
						return sorted((Letter(__UpperCAmelCase,      __UpperCAmelCase ) for c, f in chars.items()),      key=lambda SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__ : x.freq )





def 							lowerCamelCase_   (	SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__   :      int )			->						Letter | TreeNode:
						UpperCAmelCase_      :   Tuple      =	letters  # type: ignore
						while len(__UpperCAmelCase ) > 1:
												UpperCAmelCase_      :   Optional[Any]      =	response.pop(0 )
												UpperCAmelCase_      :   Optional[int]      =	response.pop(0 )
												UpperCAmelCase_      :   Any      =	left.freq + right.freq
												UpperCAmelCase_      :   Union[str, Any]      =	TreeNode(__UpperCAmelCase,      __UpperCAmelCase,      __UpperCAmelCase )
												response.append(__UpperCAmelCase )
												response.sort(key=lambda SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__ : x.freq )
						return response[0]





def 							lowerCamelCase_   (	SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__   :      Dict,      SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__   :      Tuple )			->						list[Letter]:






						if isinstance(__UpperCAmelCase,      __UpperCAmelCase ):
												UpperCAmelCase_      :   Optional[Any]      =	bitstring
												return [root]
						UpperCAmelCase_      :   Tuple      =	root  # type: ignore
						UpperCAmelCase_      :   Dict      =	[]
						letters += traverse_tree(treenode.left,      bitstring + '''0''' )
						letters += traverse_tree(treenode.right,      bitstring + '''1''' )
						return letters





def 							lowerCamelCase_   (	SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__   :      Dict )			->						None:
						UpperCAmelCase_      :   Dict      =	parse_file(__UpperCAmelCase )
						UpperCAmelCase_      :   List[Any]      =	build_tree(__UpperCAmelCase )
						UpperCAmelCase_      :   Any      =	{
						    k: v for letter in traverse_tree(__UpperCAmelCase,      '''''' ) for k, v in letter.bitstring.items()
						}
						print(F"""Huffman Coding  of {file_path}: """ )
						with open(__UpperCAmelCase ) as f:
												while True:
																		UpperCAmelCase_      :   List[str]      =	f.read(1 )
																		if not c:
																								break
																		print(letters[c],      end=''' ''' )
						print()


if __name__ == "__main__":
					# pass the file path to the huffman function
					huffman(sys.argv[1])










import numpy as np
import qiskit







def 							A     (						__UpperCAmelCase				,   __UpperCAmelCase      )			->			qiskit.QuantumCircuit:



						'''simple docstring'''






						UpperCAmelCase_					=	qiskit.QuantumCircuit(num_qubits + 1      )

						# First, let's deal with the case in which oracle is balanced
						if case == "balanced":
												# First generate a random number that tells us which CNOTs to
												# wrap in X-gates:
												UpperCAmelCase_					=	np.random.randint(1				,   2**num_qubits      )
												# Next, format 'b' as a binary string of length 'n', padded with zeros:
												UpperCAmelCase_					=	format(__UpperCAmelCase				,   f"0{num_qubits}b"      )
												# Next, we place the first X-gates. Each digit in our binary string
												# corresponds to a qubit, if the digit is 0, we do nothing, if it's 1
												# we apply an X-gate to that qubit:
												for index, bit in enumerate(__UpperCAmelCase      ):
																		if bit == "1":
																								oracle_qc.x(__UpperCAmelCase      )
        # Do the controlled-NOT gates for each qubit, using the output qubit
        # as the target:
												for index in range(__UpperCAmelCase      ):
																		oracle_qc.cx(__UpperCAmelCase				,   __UpperCAmelCase      )
												# Next, place the final X-gates
												for index, bit in enumerate(__UpperCAmelCase      ):
																		if bit == "1":
																								oracle_qc.x(__UpperCAmelCase      )

    # Case in which oracle is constant
						if case == "constant":
												# First decide what the fixed output of the oracle will be
												# (either always 0 or always 1)
												UpperCAmelCase_					=	np.random.randint(2      )
												if output == 1:
																		oracle_qc.x(__UpperCAmelCase      )

						UpperCAmelCase_					=	oracle_qc.to_gate()
						UpperCAmelCase_					=	'''Oracle'''  # To show when we display the circuit
						return oracle_gate







def 							A     (						__UpperCAmelCase				,   __UpperCAmelCase      )			->			qiskit.QuantumCircuit:



						'''simple docstring'''






						UpperCAmelCase_					=	qiskit.QuantumCircuit(num_qubits + 1				,   __UpperCAmelCase      )
						# Set up the output qubit:
						dj_circuit.x(__UpperCAmelCase      )
						dj_circuit.h(__UpperCAmelCase      )
						# And set up the input register:
						for qubit in range(__UpperCAmelCase      ):
												dj_circuit.h(__UpperCAmelCase      )
						# Let's append the oracle gate to our circuit:
						dj_circuit.append(__UpperCAmelCase				,   range(num_qubits + 1      )      )
						# Finally, perform the H-gates again and measure:
						for qubit in range(__UpperCAmelCase      ):
												dj_circuit.h(__UpperCAmelCase      )

						for i in range(__UpperCAmelCase      ):
												dj_circuit.measure(__UpperCAmelCase				,   __UpperCAmelCase      )

						return dj_circuit







def 							A     (						__UpperCAmelCase				,   __UpperCAmelCase      )			->			qiskit.result.counts.Counts:



						'''simple docstring'''






						UpperCAmelCase_					=	qiskit.Aer.get_backend('''aer_simulator'''      )

						UpperCAmelCase_					=	dj_oracle(__UpperCAmelCase				,   __UpperCAmelCase      )
						UpperCAmelCase_					=	dj_algorithm(__UpperCAmelCase				,   __UpperCAmelCase      )

						# Execute the circuit on the simulator
						UpperCAmelCase_					=	qiskit.execute(__UpperCAmelCase				,   __UpperCAmelCase				,   shots=1000      )

						# Return the histogram data of the results of the experiment.
						return job.result().get_counts(__UpperCAmelCase      )


if __name__ == "__main__":
							print(f"Deutsch Jozsa - Constant Oracle: {deutsch_jozsa('constant', 3)}")
							print(f"Deutsch Jozsa - Balanced Oracle: {deutsch_jozsa('balanced', 3)}")





