"""simple docstring"""

def    lowerCAmelCase			(__UpperCamelCase							:    int			):
							"""simple docstring"""


							if not isinstance(__UpperCamelCase							,					__UpperCamelCase			):
														__UpperCamelCase							=F"""Input value of [number={number}] must be an integer"""
														raise TypeError(__UpperCamelCase			)
							if number < 1:
														raise ValueError('''Input must be a positive integer'''			)
							return number * (2 * number - 1)


if __name__ == "__main__":
				import doctest

				doctest.testmod()




"""simple docstring"""

def    lowerCAmelCase			(__UpperCamelCase							:    int							,					__UpperCamelCase							:    int			):
							"""simple docstring"""


							return (input_a, input_a).count(0			) % 2


def    lowerCAmelCase			():
							"""simple docstring"""


							assert xor_gate(0							,					0			) == 0
							assert xor_gate(0							,					1			) == 1
							assert xor_gate(1							,					0			) == 1
							assert xor_gate(1							,					1			) == 0


if __name__ == "__main__":
				print(xor_gate(0, 0))
				print(xor_gate(0, 1))



