text:
# Limburg Open 2011
Il Limburg Open 2011 è stato un torneo di tennis facente parte della categoria ITF Women's Circuit nell'ambito dell'ITF Women's Circuit 2011. Il torneo si è giocato a Tessenderlo in Belgio dal 18 al 24 aprile 2011 su campi in terra rossa e aveva un montepremi di $25,000.

## Vincitori

### Singolare
Anna-Lena Grönefeld ha battuto in finale  Alison van Uytvanck6-3, 7–5

### Doppio
Anna-Lena Grönefeld /  Tatjana Maria hanno battuto in finale  Elina Svitolina /  Maryna Zanevs'ka con il punteggio di 7–5, 6–3

wikiname: itwiki

title: Limburg Open 2011

in_language: it

wikitext:
{{TennisEventInfo|2011|Limburg Open|
| data= 18 aprile - 24 aprile
| edizione=
| champs={{Bandiera|DEU}} [[Anna-Lena Grönefeld]]
| champd={{Bandiera|DEU}} [[Anna-Lena Grönefeld]] / {{Bandiera|DEU}} [[Tatjana Maria]]
}}
Il '''Limburg Open 2011''' è stato un torneo di [[tennis]] facente parte della categoria [[ITF Women's Circuit]] nell'ambito dell'[[ITF Women's Circuit 2011]]. Il torneo si è giocato a [[Tessenderlo]] in [[Belgio]] dal 18 al 24 aprile 2011 su campi in terra rossa e aveva un montepremi di $25,000.

==Vincitori==
===Singolare===
{{Vedi anche|Limburg Open 2011 - Singolare}}
{{Bandiera|DEU}} '''[[Anna-Lena Grönefeld]]''' ha battuto in finale {{Bandiera|BEL}} [[Alison van Uytvanck]]6-3, 7–5

===Doppio===
{{Vedi anche|Limburg Open 2011 - Doppio}}
{{Bandiera|DEU}} '''[[Anna-Lena Grönefeld]] / {{Bandiera|DEU}} [[Tatjana Maria]]''' hanno battuto in finale {{Bandiera|UKR}} [[Elina Svitolina]] / {{Bandiera|UKR}} [[Maryna Zanevs'ka]] con il punteggio di 7–5, 6–3

== Collegamenti esterni ==
* {{cita web|url=http://www.itftennis.com/procircuit/tournaments/women%27s-tournament/info.aspx?tournamentid=1100024059|titolo=Tabellone dal sito dell'ITF|accesso=20 febbraio 2014|dataarchivio=15 marzo 2017|urlarchivio=https://web.archive.org/web/20170315195502/http://www.itftennis.com/procircuit/tournaments/women%27s-tournament/info.aspx?tournamentid=1100024059|urlmorto=sì}}

{{TennisITFWomensCircuit2011}}
{{portale|tennis}}

[[Categoria:Limburg Open 2011| ]]

title: Limburg Open 2011

Sport: Tennis

Data: 18 aprile - 24 aprile

title: Campioni

Campioni: Doppio · Anna-Lena Grönefeld / Tatjana Maria


text:
# Capistrano
Capistrano – miejscowość i gmina we Włoszech, w regionie Kalabria, w prowincji Vibo Valentia.
Według danych na rok 2004 gminę zamieszkiwały 1204 osoby, 60,2 os./km².

wikiname: plwiki

title: Capistrano

in_language: pl

wikitext:
{{Jednostka administracyjna infobox
 |nazwa                           = Capistrano
 |nazwa oryginalna                =
 |dopełniacz nazwy                =
 |jednostka                       = gmina
 |zdjęcie                         =
 |opis zdjęcia                    =
 |alt zdjęcia                     =
 |herb                            =
 |flaga                           =
 |hymn                            =
 |dewiza                          =
 |państwo                         = Kalabria
 |1. jednostka administracyjna    =
 |2. jednostka administracyjna    = [[Prowincja Vibo Valentia|Vibo Valentia]]
 |siedziba                        =
 |nazwa kodu statystycznego       = [[Istituto Nazionale di Statistica|ISTAT]]
 |kod statystyczny                = 102005
 |powierzchnia                    = 20 km²
 |rok                             = 2004
 |liczba ludności                 = 1204
 |gęstość zaludnienia             = 60,2 os./km²
 |numer kierunkowy                = 0963
 |kod pocztowy                    = 88020
 |tablice rejestracyjne           =
 |adres urzędu                    =
 |plan                            =
 |mapa                            =
 |nazwa mapy                      = Włoch
 |kod mapy                        = Kalabria
 |współrzędne                     = 38°41′N 16°17′E
 |commons                         =
 |www                             = http://www.comune.capistrano.vv.it/
}}
'''Capistrano''' – miejscowość i gmina we [[Włochy|Włoszech]], w regionie [[Kalabria]], w prowincji [[Prowincja Vibo Valentia|Vibo Valentia]].

Według danych na rok 2004 gminę zamieszkiwały 1204 osoby, 60,2 os./km².

== Bibliografia ==
* Źródło danych: [http://www.istat.it Istituto Nazionale di Statistica]

{{Prowincja Vibo Valentia}}

{{Kontrola autorytatywna}}

[[Kategoria:Miejscowości w prowincji Vibo Valentia]]

title: Capistrano

Herb: Flaga

Państwo: Włochy

Region: Kalabria

Prowincja: Vibo Valentia

Powierzchnia: 20 km²


text:
# Mistrzostwa Ameryki Południowej w Lekkoatletyce 2019
51. Mistrzostwa Ameryki Południowej w Lekkoatletyce – zawody lekkoatletyczne, które odbyły się w dniach 24-26 maja 2019 w Limie.

## Rezultaty

### Mężczyźni
| Konkurencja:                  | 1. miejsce                                                                | Rezultat   | 2. miejsce                                                                            | Rezultat   | 3. miejsce                                                                     | Rezultat   |
| Bieg na 100 m                 | Rodrigo do Nascimento                                                     | 10,28      | Felipe Bardi dos Santos                                                               | 10,43      | Diego Palomeque                                                                | 10,47      |
| Bieg na 200 m                 | Bernardo Baloyes                                                          | 20,42      | Rodrigo do Nascimento                                                                 | 20,63      | Christopher Ortiz                                                              | 20,98      |
| Bieg na 400 m                 | Anthony Jose Zambrano                                                     | 45,53      | Lucas Carvalho                                                                        | 46,12      | Anderson Henriques                                                             | 46,15      |
| Bieg na 800 m                 | Lucirio Antonio Garrido                                                   | 1:46,27    | Jelssin Robledo                                                                       | 1:47,31    | Marco Vilca                                                                    | 1:48,06    |
| Bieg na 1500 m                | Lucirio Antonio Garrido                                                   | 3:55,04    | Javier Lacamoire                                                                      | 3:55,15    | Carlos de Oliveira Santos                                                      | 3:55,18    |
| Bieg na 5000 m                | Altobeli da Silva                                                         | 13:50,08   | José Luis Rojas                                                                       | 13:53,11   | Gerald Giraldo                                                                 | 13:54,51   |
| Bieg na 10 000 m              | Bayron Piedra                                                             | 28:48,13   | José Mauricio González                                                                | 28:48,60   | Vidal Basco                                                                    | 28:52,32   |
| Bieg na 3000 m z przeszkodami | Carlos San Martín                                                         | 8:36,37    | Altobeli da Silva                                                                     | 8:38,43    | Gerald Giraldo                                                                 | 8:44,49    |
| Bieg na 110 m przez płotki    | Gabriel Constantino                                                       | 13,54      | Yojan Chaverra                                                                        | 13,66      | Eduardo de Deus                                                                | 13,68      |
| Bieg na 400 m przez płotki    | Alison dos Santos                                                         | 49,89      | Alfredo Sepúlveda                                                                     | 50,04      | Guillermo Ruggeri                                                              | 50,20      |
| Sztafeta 4 x 100 m            | Wenezuela Alberto Aguilar · Abdel Khalil · Alexis Nieves · Rafael Vázquez | 39,56      | Brazylia Erik Cardoso · Gabriel Constantino · Rodrigo do Nascimento · Eduardo de Deus | 39,91      | Kolumbia Jhonny Rentería · Diego Palomeque · Yilmar Herrera · Bernardo Baloyes | 39,94      |
| Sztafeta 4 x 400 m            | Kolumbia Jhon Solís · Diego Palomeque · Kevin Mina · Anthony Zambrano     | 3:04,04    | Brazylia Lucas Carvalho · Alison dos Santos · Mahau Suguimati · Anderson Henriques    | 3:04,13    | Chile Enzo Faulbaum · Rafael Muñoz · Alejandro Peirano · Alfredo Sepúlveda     | 3:11,84    |
| Chód na 20 000 m              | Jhon Castañeda                                                            | 1:22:33,40 | David Hurtado                                                                         | 1:23:39,70 | Luis Campos                                                                    | 1:24:17,50 |
| Skok wzwyż                    | Alexander Bowen                                                           | 2,21       | Fernando Ferreira                                                                     | 2,21       | Eure Yáñez                                                                     | 2,18       |
| Skok o tyczce                 | Augusto de Oliveira                                                       | 5,61       | Thiago Braz                                                                           | 5,41       | Germán Chiaraviglio                                                            | 5,21       |
| Skok w dal                    | Emiliano Lasa                                                             | 7,76       | Paulo Sérgio Oliveira                                                                 | 7,71       | Raúl Mena Pedroza                                                              | 7,66       |
| Trójskok                      | Maximiliano Díaz                                                          | 16,23      | Kauam Bento                                                                           | 16,18      | Miguel van Assen                                                               | 16,11      |
| Pchnięcie kulą                | Darlan Romani                                                             | 21,00      | Willian Dourado                                                                       | 19,09      | Germán Lauro                                                                   | 18,97      |
| Rzut dyskiem                  | Mauricio Ortega                                                           | 58,89      | Douglas dos Reis                                                                      | 56,43      | Claudio Romero                                                                 | 54,31      |
| Rzut młotem                   | Gabriel Kehr                                                              | 75,27      | Humberto Mansilla                                                                     | 73,00      | Allan Wolski                                                                   | 72,51      |
| Rzut oszczepem                | Dayron Márquez                                                            | 78,00      | Francisco Muse                                                                        | 75,97      | Arley Ibargüen                                                                 | 75,83      |
| Dziesięciobój                 | Georni Jaramillo                                                          | 7784 pkt.  | Gerson Vidal Izaquirre                                                                | 7302 pkt.  | Sergio Pandiani                                                                | 7226 pkt.  |

### Kobiety
| Konkurencja:                  | 1. miejsce                                                                 | Rezultat     | 2. miejsce                                                                         | Rezultat   | 3. miejsce                                                                                | Rezultat   |
| Bieg na 100 m                 | Vitória Cristina Rosa                                                      | 11,24        | Andrea Purica                                                                      | 11,32      | Gabriela Suárez                                                                           | 11,67      |
| Bieg na 200 m                 | Vitória Cristina Rosa                                                      | 22,90        | Andrea Purica                                                                      | 23,37      | Gabriela Suárez                                                                           | 23,65      |
| Bieg na 400 m                 | Tiffani Marinho                                                            | 52,81        | Lina Licona                                                                        | 53,18      | Noelia Martínez                                                                           | 53,47      |
| Bieg na 800 m                 | Déborah Rodríguez                                                          | 2:02,68      | Andrea Calderón                                                                    | 2:05,49    | Johana Arrieta                                                                            | 2:05,91    |
| Bieg na 1500 m                | María Pía Fernández                                                        | 4:27,44      | Mariana Borelli                                                                    | 4:27,83    | July da Silva                                                                             | 4:27,93    |
| Bieg na 5000 m                | Florencia Borelli                                                          | 15:42,60     | Carolina Tabares                                                                   | 15:46,04   | Luz Mery Rojas                                                                            | 15:46,27   |
| Bieg na 10 000 m              | Carolina Tabares                                                           | 33:36,77     | Tatiane Raquel da Silva                                                            | 33:40,76   | Muriel Coneo                                                                              | 33:43,00   |
| Bieg na 3000 m z przeszkodami | Tatiane Da Silva                                                           | 9:45,52      | Belén Casetta                                                                      | 10:04,54   | Simone Ferraz                                                                             | 10:05,88   |
| Bieg na 100 m przez płotki    | Génesis Romero                                                             | 13,29        | Eliecith Palacios                                                                  | 13,49      | Adelly Santos                                                                             | 13,64      |
| Bieg na 400 m przez płotki    | Melissa González                                                           | 55,73        | Gianna Woodruff                                                                    | 56,76      | Fiorella Chiappe                                                                          | 57,03      |
| Sztafeta 4 x 100 m            | Brazylia Anny de Bassi · Ana Azevedo · Bruna Farias · Andressa Fidelis     | 44,70        | Kolumbia Melissa González · Jennifer Padilla · Eliana Chávez · Eliecith Palacios   | 44,97      | Argentyna Florencia Lamboglia · Noelia Martínez · María Sánchez · Maria Victoria Woodward | 45,65      |
| Sztafeta 4 x 400 m            | Kolumbia Lina Licona · Melissa González · Eliana Chávez · Jennifer Padilla | 3:32,81      | Brazylia Ana Azevedo · Marlene Santos · Alessandra Silva · Tiffani Beatriz Marinho | 3:35,29    | Argentyna Maria Ayelen Diogo · Fiorella Chiappe · Valeria Baron · Noelia Anahi Martínez   | 3:36,76    |
| Chód na 20 000 m              | Karla Jaramillo                                                            | 1:30:52,00 · | Ángela Castro                                                                      | 1:32:35,90 | Leyde Guerra                                                                              | 1:33:40,00 |
| Skok wzwyż                    | María Fernanda Murillo                                                     | 1,90         | Valdileia Martins                                                                  | 1,80       | Monique Vermeling Betsabé Páez                                                            | 1,75       |
| Skok o tyczce                 | Robeilys Peinado                                                           | 4,56         | Katherin Castillo                                                                  | 4,11       | Juliana Campos                                                                            | 3,91       |
| Skok w dal                    | Eliane Martins                                                             | 6,71         | Keila Costa                                                                        | 6,38       | Macarena Reyes                                                                            | 6,36       |
| Trójskok                      | Yosiri Urrutia                                                             | 13,85        | Liuba M. Zaldívar                                                                  | 13,45      | Gabriele dos Santos                                                                       | 13,30      |
| Pchnięcie kulą                | Ahymara Espinoza                                                           | 17,44        | Geísa Arcanjo                                                                      | 17,16      | Ángela Rivas                                                                              | 17,10      |
| Rzut dyskiem                  | Andressa de Morais                                                         | 62,42        | Fernanda Martins                                                                   | 60,87      | Ailen Armada                                                                              | 56,55      |
| Rzut młotem                   | Mariana Marcelino                                                          | 66,78        | Rosa Rodríguez                                                                     | 66,45      | Jennifer Dahlgren                                                                         | 65,06      |
| Rzut oszczepem                | Laila e Silva                                                              | 57,79        | María Lucelly Murillo                                                              | 57,24      | Flor Ruíz                                                                                | 56,07      |
| Siedmiobój                    | Luisarys Toledo                                                            | 5989 pkt. ·  | Vanessa Spínola                                                                    | 5823 pkt.  | Martha Araujo                                                                             | 5708 pkt.  |

## Klasyfikacja medalowa
Opracowano na podstawie materiałów źródłowych.
| Miejsce | Państwo   | Złoto | Srebro | Brąz | Razem |
| ------- | --------- | ----- | ------ | ---- | ----- |
| 1.      | Brazylia  | 15    | 19     | 10   | 44    |
| 2.      | Kolumbia  | 12    | 9      | 11   | 32    |
| 3.      | Wenezuela | 8     | 4      | 1    | 13    |
| 4.      | Urugwaj   | 3     | 0      | 0    | 3     |
| 5.      | Argentyna | 2     | 3      | 11   | 16    |
| 6.      | Ekwador   | 2     | 3      | 2    | 7     |
| 7.      | Chile     | 1     | 3      | 3    | 7     |
| 8.      | Panama    | 1     | 1      | 0    | 2     |
| 9.      | Peru      | 0     | 1      | 4    | 5     |
| 10.     | Boliwia   | 0     | 1      | 1    | 2     |
| 11.     | Paragwaj  | 0     | 0      | 1    | 1     |
| 11.     | Surinam   | 0     | 0      | 1    | 1     |
| Razem   | Razem     | 44    | 44     | 45   | 133   |

wikitext:
{{Zawody infobox
 |nazwa                = Mistrzostwa Ameryki Południowej w Lekkoatletyce 2019
 |poprzednie           = [[Mistrzostwa Ameryki Południowej w Lekkoatletyce 2017|Asunción 2017]]
 |następne             = [[Mistrzostwa Ameryki Południowej w Lekkoatletyce 2021|Guayaquil 2021]]
 |data                 = 24-26 maja 2019
 |miejsce rozpoczęcia  =
 |miejsce zakończenia  =
 |gospodarz            = [[Lima]]
 |organizator          = [[Południowoamerykańska Konfederacja Lekkoatletyczna]]
 |liczba konkurencji   = 44
 |liczba zawodników    = 332
 |www                  =
 |ikona                =
 |grafika              =
 |commons              =
 |podpis grafiki       =
 |miejscowość          = [[Villa Deportiva Nacional]]
 |liczba reprezentacji = 13
}}
'''51. [[Mistrzostwa Ameryki Południowej w lekkoatletyce|Mistrzostwa Ameryki Południowej w Lekkoatletyce]]''' – zawody [[lekkoatletyka|lekkoatletyczne]], które odbyły się w dniach 24-26 maja [[2019 w lekkoatletyce|2019]] w [[Lima|Limie]].

== Rezultaty ==
=== Mężczyźni ===
{| class="wikitable" width=95%
|'''Konkurencja:'''
|!align="center" bgcolor="gold"|[[Plik:Gold medal southamerica.svg|15px]] '''1. miejsce'''
|!align="center" |Rezultat
|!align="center" bgcolor="silver"|[[Plik:Silver medal southamerica.svg|15px]] '''2. miejsce'''
|!align="center" |Rezultat
|!align="center" bgcolor="CC9966"|[[Plik:Bronze medal southamerica.svg|15px]] '''3. miejsce'''
|!align="center" |Rezultat
|-
|Bieg na 100 m
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Rodrigo do Nascimento]]||10,28
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Felipe Bardi dos Santos]]||10,43
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Diego Palomeque]]||10,47
|-
|Bieg na 200 m
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Bernardo Baloyes]]||20,42 {{Rekord|CR}}
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Rodrigo do Nascimento]]||20,63
| {{Flaga|PAR}} [[Christopher Ortiz]]||20,98
|-
|Bieg na 400 m
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Anthony Jose Zambrano]]||45,53
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Lucas Carvalho]]||46,12
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Anderson Henriques]]||46,15
|-
|Bieg na 800 m
| {{Flaga|VEN}} [[Lucirio Antonio Garrido]]||1:46,27
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Jelssin Robledo]]||1:47,31
| {{Flaga|PER}} [[Marco Vilca]]||1:48,06
|-
|Bieg na 1500 m
| {{Flaga|VEN}} [[Lucirio Antonio Garrido]]||3:55,04
| {{Flaga|ARG}} [[Javier Lacamoire]]||3:55,15
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Carlos de Oliveira Santos]]||3:55,18
|-
|Bieg na 5000 m
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Altobeli da Silva]]||13:50,08 {{Rekord|CR}}
| {{Flaga|PER}} [[José Luis Rojas]]||13:53,11
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Gerald Giraldo]]||13:54,51
|-
|Bieg na 10 000 m
| {{Flaga|ECU}} [[Bayron Piedra]]||28:48,13
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[José Mauricio González (lekkoatleta)|José Mauricio González]]||28:48,60
| {{Flaga|BOL}} [[Vidal Basco]]||28:52,32 {{Rekord|NR}}
|-
|Bieg na 3000 m z przeszkodami
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Carlos San Martín]]||8:36,37
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Altobeli da Silva]]||8:38,43
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Gerald Giraldo]]||8:44,49
|-
|Bieg na 110 m przez płotki
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Gabriel Constantino]]||13,54
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Yojan Chaverra]]||13,66
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Eduardo de Deus]]||13,68
|-
|Bieg na 400 m przez płotki
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Alison dos Santos]]||49,89
| {{Flaga|CHI}} [[Alfredo Sepúlveda]]||50,04
| {{Flaga|ARG}} [[Guillermo Ruggeri]]||50,20
|-
|Sztafeta 4 x 100 m
| {{Skład sztafety|{{Państwo|VEN}}|[[Alberto Aguilar]]|[[Abdel Khalil]]|[[Alexis Nieves]]|[[Rafael Vázquez]]}}
|39,56
| {{Skład sztafety|{{Państwo|BRA}}|[[Erik Cardoso]]|[[Gabriel Constantino]]|[[Rodrigo do Nascimento]]|[[Eduardo de Deus]]}}
|39,91
| {{Skład sztafety|{{Państwo|COL}}|[[Jhonny Rentería]]|[[Diego Palomeque]]|[[Yilmar Herrera]]|[[Bernardo Baloyes]]}}
|39,94
|-
|Sztafeta 4 x 400 m
| {{Skład sztafety|{{Państwo|COL}}|[[Jhon Solís]]|[[Diego Palomeque]]|[[Kevin Mina]]|[[Anthony Zambrano]]}}
|3:04,04
| {{Skład sztafety|{{Państwo|BRA}}|[[Lucas Carvalho]]|[[Alison dos Santos]]|[[Mahau Suguimati]]|[[Anderson Henriques]]}}
|3:04,13
| {{Skład sztafety|{{Państwo|CHI}}|[[Enzo Faulbaum]]|[[Rafael Muñoz]]|[[Alejandro Peirano]]|[[Alfredo Sepúlveda]]}}
|3:11,84
|-
|Chód na 20 000 m
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Jhon Castañeda]]||1:22:33,40
| {{Flaga|ECU}} [[David Hurtado]]||1:23:39,70
| {{Flaga|PER}} [[Luis Campos]]||1:24:17,50
|-
|Skok wzwyż
| {{Flaga|PAN}} [[Alexander Bowen]]||2,21
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Fernando Ferreira]]||2,21
| {{Flaga|VEN}} [[Eure Yáñez]]||2,18
|-
|Skok o tyczce
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Augusto de Oliveira]]||5,61
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Thiago Braz]]||5,41
| {{Flaga|ARG}} [[Germán Chiaraviglio]]||5,21
|-
|Skok w dal
| {{Flaga|URU}} [[Emiliano Lasa]]||7,76
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Paulo Sérgio Oliveira]]||7,71
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Raúl Mena Pedroza]]||7,66
|-
|Trójskok
| {{Flaga|ARG}} [[Maximiliano Díaz]]||16,23
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Kauam Bento]]||16,18
| {{Flaga|SUR}} [[Miguel van Assen]]||16,11
|-
|Pchnięcie kulą
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Darlan Romani]]||21,00
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Willian Dourado]]||19,09
| {{Flaga|ARG}} [[Germán Lauro]]||18,97
|-
|Rzut dyskiem
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Mauricio Ortega]]||58,89
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Douglas dos Reis]]||56,43
| {{Flaga|CHI}} [[Claudio Romero]]||54,31
|-
|Rzut młotem
| {{Flaga|CHI}} [[Gabriel Kehr]]||75,27 {{Rekord|CR}}
| {{Flaga|CHI}} [[Humberto Mansilla]]||73,00
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Allan Wolski]]||72,51
|-
|Rzut oszczepem
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Dayron Márquez]]||78,00
| {{Flaga|CHI}} [[Francisco Muse]]||75,97
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Arley Ibargüen]]||75,83
|-
|Dziesięciobój
| {{Flaga|VEN}} [[Georni Jaramillo]]||7784 pkt.
| {{Flaga|VEN}} [[Gerson Vidal Izaquirre]]||7302 pkt.
| {{Flaga|ARG}} [[Sergio Pandiani]]||7226 pkt.
|}

=== Kobiety ===
{| class="wikitable" width=95%
|'''Konkurencja:'''
|!align="center" bgcolor="gold"|[[Plik:Gold medal southamerica.svg|15px]] '''1. miejsce'''
|!align="center" |Rezultat
|!align="center" bgcolor="silver"|[[Plik:Silver medal southamerica.svg|15px]] '''2. miejsce'''
|!align="center" |Rezultat
|!align="center" bgcolor="CC9966"|[[Plik:Bronze medal southamerica.svg|15px]] '''3. miejsce'''
|!align="center" |Rezultat
|-
|Bieg na 100 m
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Vitória Cristina Rosa]]||11,24
| {{Flaga|VEN}} [[Andrea Purica]]||11,32
| {{Flaga|ECU}} [[Gabriela Suárez]]||11,67
|-
|Bieg na 200 m
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Vitória Cristina Rosa]]||22,90
| {{Flaga|VEN}} [[Andrea Purica]]||23,37
| {{Flaga|ECU}} [[Gabriela Suárez]]||23,65
|-
|Bieg na 400 m
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Tiffani Marinho]]||52,81
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Lina Licona]]||53,18
| {{Flaga|ARG}} [[Noelia Martínez]]||53,47
|-
|Bieg na 800 m
| {{Flaga|URU}} [[Déborah Rodríguez]]||2:02,68
| {{Flaga|ECU}} [[Andrea Calderón]]||2:05,49
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Johana Arrieta]]||2:05,91
|-
|Bieg na 1500 m
| {{Flaga|URU}} [[María Pía Fernández]]||4:27,44
| {{Flaga|ARG}} [[Mariana Borelli]]||4:27,83
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[July da Silva]]||4:27,93
|-
|Bieg na 5000 m
| {{Flaga|ARG}} [[Florencia Borelli]]||15:42,60 {{Rekord|NR}}
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Carolina Tabares]]||15:46,04
| {{Flaga|PER}} [[Luz Mery Rojas]]||15:46,27
|-
|Bieg na 10 000 m
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Carolina Tabares]]||33:36,77
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Tatiane Raquel da Silva]]||33:40,76
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Muriel Coneo]]||33:43,00
|-
|Bieg na 3000 m z przeszkodami
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Tatiane Da Silva]]||9:45,52 {{Rekord|CR}}
| {{Flaga|ARG}} [[Belén Casetta]]||10:04,54
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Simone Ferraz]]||10:05,88
|-
|Bieg na 100 m przez płotki
| {{Flaga|VEN}} [[Génesis Romero]]||13,29
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Eliecith Palacios]]||13,49
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Adelly Santos]]||13,64
|-
|Bieg na 400 m przez płotki
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Melissa González]]||55,73 {{Rekord|CR}} {{Rekord|NR}}
| {{Flaga|PAN}} [[Gianna Woodruff]]||56,76
| {{Flaga|ARG}} [[Fiorella Chiappe]]||57,03
|-
|Sztafeta 4 x 100 m
| {{Skład sztafety|{{Państwo|BRA}}|[[Anny de Bassi]]|[[Ana Azevedo]]|[[Bruna Farias]]|[[Andressa Fidelis]]}}
|44,70
| {{Skład sztafety|{{Państwo|COL}}|[[Melissa González]]|[[Jennifer Padilla]]|[[Eliana Chávez]]|[[Eliecith Palacios]]}}
|44,97
| {{Skład sztafety|{{Państwo|ARG}}|[[Florencia Lamboglia]]|[[Noelia Martínez]]|[[María Sánchez]]|[[Maria Victoria Woodward]]}}
|45,65
|-
|Sztafeta 4 x 400 m
| {{Skład sztafety|{{Państwo|COL}}|[[Lina Licona]]|[[Melissa González]]|[[Eliana Chávez]]|[[Jennifer Padilla]]}}
|3:32,81
| {{Skład sztafety|{{Państwo|BRA}}|[[Ana Azevedo]]|[[Marlene Santos]]|[[Alessandra Silva]]|[[Tiffani Beatriz Marinho]]}}
|3:35,29
| {{Skład sztafety|{{Państwo|ARG}}|[[Maria Ayelen Diogo]]|[[Fiorella Chiappe]]|[[Valeria Baron]]|[[Noelia Anahi Martínez]]}}
|3:36,76
|-
|Chód na 20 000 m
| {{Flaga|ECU}} [[Karla Jaramillo]]||1:30:52,00
{{Rekord|CR}} {{Rekord|AR}}
| {{Flaga|BOL}} [[Ángela Castro]]||1:32:35,90
| {{Flaga|PER}} [[Leyde Guerra]]||1:33:40,00
|-
|Skok wzwyż
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[María Fernanda Murillo]]||1,90
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Valdileia Martins]]||1,80
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Monique Vermeling]]
{{Flaga|ARG}} [[Betsabé Páez]]||1,75
|-
|Skok o tyczce
| {{Flaga|VEN}} [[Robeilys Peinado]]||4,56
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Katherin Castillo]]||4,11
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Juliana Campos]]||3,91
|-
|Skok w dal
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Eliane Martins]]||6,71
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Keila Costa]]||6,38
| {{Flaga|CHI}} [[Macarena Reyes]]||6,36
|-
|Trójskok
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Yosiri Urrutia]]||13,85
| {{Flaga|ECU}} [[Liuba M. Zaldívar]]||13,45
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Gabriele dos Santos]]||13,30
|-
|Pchnięcie kulą
| {{Flaga|VEN}} [[Ahymara Espinoza]]||17,44
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Geísa Arcanjo]]||17,16
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Ángela Rivas]]||17,10
|-
|Rzut dyskiem
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Andressa de Morais]]||62,42
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Fernanda Martins]]||60,87
| {{Flaga|ARG}} [[Ailen Armada]]||56,55
|-
|Rzut młotem
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Mariana Marcelino]]||66,78
| {{Flaga|VEN}} [[Rosa Rodríguez]]||66,45
| {{Flaga|ARG}} [[Jennifer Dahlgren]]||65,06
|-
|Rzut oszczepem
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Laila e Silva]]||57,79
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[María Lucelly Murillo]]||57,24
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Flor Ruíz]]||56,07
|-
|Siedmiobój
| {{Flaga|VEN}} [[Luisarys Toledo]]||5989 pkt.
{{Rekord|CR}} {{Rekord|NR}}
| {{Flaga|BRA}} [[Vanessa Spínola]]||5823 pkt.
| {{Flaga|COL}} [[Martha Araujo]]||5708 pkt.
|}

== Klasyfikacja medalowa ==
Opracowano na podstawie materiałów źródłowych.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Miejsce
! Państwo
!style="background:gold" |[[Plik:Gold medal southamerica.svg|16px|Złoto]]
 Złoto
!style="background:silver" |[[Plik:Silver medal southamerica.svg|16px|Srebro]]
 Srebro
!style="background:#cc9966" |[[Plik:Bronze medal southamerica.svg|16px|Brąz]]
 Brąz
! Razem
|-
|1. || align=left|{{państwo|BRA}} || 15 || 19 || 10 || 44
|-
|2. || align=left|{{państwo|COL}} || 12 || 9 || 11 || 32
|-
|3. || align=left|{{państwo|VEN}} || 8 || 4 || 1 || 13
|-
|4. || align=left|{{państwo|URU}} || 3 || 0 || 0 || 3
|-
|5. || align=left|{{państwo|ARG}} || 2 || 3 || 11 || 16
|-
|6. || align=left|{{państwo|ECU}} || 2 || 3 || 2 || 7
|-
|7. || align=left|{{państwo|CHI}} || 1 || 3 || 3 || 7
|-
|8. || align=left|{{państwo|PAN}} || 1 || 1 || 0 || 2
|-
|9. || align=left|{{państwo|PER}} || 0 || 1 || 4 || 5
|-
|10. || align=left|{{państwo|BOL}} || 0 || 1 || 1 || 2
|-
| rowspan="2" |11. || align=left|{{państwo|PAR}} || 0 || 0 || 1 || rowspan="2" | 1
|-
| align="left" |{{państwo|SUR}} || 0 || 0 || 1
|-
!colspan=2|Razem || 44 || 44 || 45 || 133
|}

== Bibliografia ==
* {{Cytuj stronę | url = https://athleticspodium.com/champs/south-american-champs/2019-south-american-champs | tytuł = 2019 South American Champs | autor = | opublikowany = athleticspodium.com | data = | język = en | archiwum = | zarchiwizowano = | data dostępu = 2023-06-15}}
* {{Cytuj stronę | url = https://www.resultadosonline.org/index3.php/172-per-campeonato-sudamericano-de-mayores.html | tytuł = PER - Campeonato Sudamericano de Mayores, Lima, Perú | autor = | opublikowany = resultadosonline.org | data = | język = es | archiwum = | zarchiwizowano = | data dostępu = 2023-06-15}}

== Linki zewnętrzne ==
* {{Cytuj stronę | url = https://worldathletics.org/competition/calendar-results/results/7131371 | tytuł = South American Ch. 2019 Results | autor = | opublikowany = worldathletics.org | data = | język = en | archiwum = | zarchiwizowano = | data dostępu = 2023-06-15}}

{{Mistrzostwa Ameryki Południowej w lekkoatletyce}}
[[Kategoria:2019 w lekkoatletyce]]
[[Kategoria:Lekkoatletyka w Peru]]
[[Kategoria:Mistrzostwa Ameryki Południowej w lekkoatletyce|2019]]
[[Kategoria:Zawody sportowe w Limie]]
[[Kategoria:2019 w Ameryce Południowej]]
[[Kategoria:Peru w XXI wieku]]

Asunción 2017: Guayaquil 2021

Gospodarz: Lima

Miejscowość: Villa Deportiva Nacional


text:
# 破產管理署
破產管理署（英語：，縮寫ORO。Official Receiver指破產管理署署長）是中華人民共和國香港特別行政區政府財經事務及庫務局轄下的部門，專責處理香港所有個人破產及公司強制清盤案件及相關監察工作。
破產管理署於1992年6月1日成立，接替當時註冊總署轄下的破產管理科。破產管理署署長一經法院頒布個人破產或公司強制清盤，即可根據《破產條例》出任受託人及根據《公司（清盤及雜項條文）條例》出任清盤人，處理個人破產及公司強制清盤事宜。

## 歷任首長
- 夏理德（1992年—1999年1月）
- 寶禮（1999年1月—8月）
  - 區敬樂（以副首席律師署理，1999年8月—2000年6月）[1]
- 區敬樂（2000年7月—2011年6月）
- 黃小雲（2011年6月—2017年2月）
- 麥錦羅（2017年2月—2025年3月30日）
- 周麗蓮（2025年3月31日—）

## 職責
破產管理署共有四個部，職能如下：
- 個案處理部：由破產管理職系人員擔任，負責資產變現、監察外間清盤人/受託人的操守，執行有關破產清盤事宜的法例。
- 法律事務部：由律政人員擔任，處理民事訴訟、提供內部法律諮詢、檢控破產清盤案中的違法人士、向法院申請向無力償債公司的董事發出取消董事資格令。
- 財務部：由庫務及會計職系人員擔當，負責調查破產清盤案的財務及會計事宜、按法定程序稽核帳目，以及管理破產、清盤案所涉及的款項，並把這些款項用作投資。
- 行政部：由行政主任、法定語文主任和文書職系人員擔當，負責提供一般行政服務，務使該署運作順利。

## 程序
一旦法院發出破產或清盤令，破產管理署署長即成為有關人士的臨時受託人或公司臨時清盤人。若資產不超過20萬港元，該署會向法院申請「簡易程序令」（Summary Procedure Order），成為受託人，或委聘一些香港律師或會計師擔任受託人。至於非循簡易程序審訊的個案，該署會舉行債權人及分擔人會議（適用於強制清盤案），以決定應委任誰為受託人或清盤人。
破產管理署署長按資產變現所得的款額、分發予債權人的資產數額，以及用作投資的款額，而收取費用。

## 外部連結
- 香港特別行政區政府 破產管理署 （页面存档备份，存于）

1. ↑  . www.info.gov.hk.   [2024-12-08].
2. ↑  . www.info.gov.hk.   [2025-03-07].

wikiname: zhwiki

title: 破產管理署

in_language: zh

wikitext:
{{Infobox government agency
|jurisdiction=[[香港|香港特別行政區]]|agency_type=[[香港特別行政區政府|政府機構]]
|中文部門名稱=破產管理署
|英文部門名稱=Official Receiver's Office
|部門標誌=Official Receiver's Office.svg
|logo_size=60px
|首長職銜=署長
|首長姓名=周麗蓮
|副首長職銜=助理署長
|副首長姓名=阮美嫻（法律事務1）
黃綺雲（法律事務2）
傅錦旺（個案處理）
|副首長職銜2=部門主任秘書
|副首長姓名2=林安琪
|成立年份=1992年6月1日
|所屬部門=[[財經事務及庫務局]]
|總部={{HKG}}[[香港島]][[金鐘]][[金鐘道]]66號[[金鐘道政府合署]]10樓-12樓
|網站={{url|https://www.oro.gov.hk/}}
}}
'''破產管理署'''（{{langx|en|'''O'''fficial '''R'''eceiver's '''O'''ffice}}，縮寫'''ORO'''。Official Receiver指破產管理署署長）是[[中華人民共和國]][[香港特別行政區政府]][[財經事務及庫務局]]轄下的[[香港特別行政區政府部門|部門]]，專責處理[[香港]]所有個人[[破產]]及公司強制[[清盤]]案件及相關監察工作。

破產管理署於1992年6月1日成立，接替當時[[註冊總署 (香港)|註冊總署]]轄下的'''破產管理科'''。破產管理署署長一經[[香港司法機構|法院]]頒布個人破產或公司強制清盤，即可根據《破產條例》出任受託人及根據《公司（清盤及雜項條文）條例》出任清盤人，處理個人破產及公司強制清盤事宜。

==歷任首長==
* [[夏理德]]（1992年—1999年1月）
* [[寶禮]]（1999年1月—8月）
** [[區敬樂]]（以副首席律師署理，1999年8月—2000年6月）<ref>{{Cite web |title=高層官員任命 |url=https://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/200301/28/0128172.htm |website=www.info.gov.hk |access-date=2024-12-08}}</ref>
* [[區敬樂]]（2000年7月—2011年6月）
* [[黃小雲]]（2011年6月—2017年2月）
* [[麥錦羅]]（2017年2月—2025年3月30日）
* [[周麗蓮]]（2025年3月31日—）
<ref>{{Cite web |title=高層官員任命 |url=https://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/202503/07/P2025030700194.htm?fontSize=1 |website=www.info.gov.hk |access-date=2025-03-07}}</ref>

==職責==
破產管理署共有四個部，職能如下：
* '''個案處理部'''：由破產管理職系人員擔任，負責資產變現、監察外間清盤人/受託人的操守，執行有關破產清盤事宜的法例。
* '''法律事務部'''：由律政人員擔任，處理民事訴訟、提供內部法律諮詢、檢控破產清盤案中的違法人士、向法院申請向無力償債公司的董事發出取消董事資格令。
* '''財務部'''：由庫務及會計職系人員擔當，負責調查破產清盤案的財務及會計事宜、按法定程序稽核帳目，以及管理破產、清盤案所涉及的款項，並把這些款項用作投資。
* '''行政部'''：由行政主任、法定語文主任和文書職系人員擔當，負責提供一般行政服務，務使該署運作順利。

==程序==
一旦法院發出破產或清盤令，破產管理署署長即成為有關人士的臨時受託人或公司臨時清盤人。若資產不超過20萬港元，該署會向法院申請「簡易程序令」（Summary Procedure Order），成為受託人，或委聘一些香港律師或會計師擔任受託人。至於非循簡易程序審訊的個案，該署會舉行債權人及分擔人會議（適用於強制清盤案），以決定應委任誰為受託人或清盤人。

破產管理署署長按資產變現所得的款額、分發予債權人的資產數額，以及用作投資的款額，而收取費用。

==參見==
*https://web.archive.org/web/20060709153005/http://www.info.gov.hk/hkfacts/ccom.pdf

==外部連結==
*[http://www.oro.gov.hk/ 香港特別行政區政府 破產管理署] {{Wayback|url=http://www.oro.gov.hk/ |date=20140518135408 }}

{{香港政府行政部門}}

[[Category:破產]]

title: 機構概要

類型: 政府機構

管轄范围: 香港特別行政區

驻地: 香港香港島金鐘金鐘道66號金鐘道政府合署10樓-12樓

首长: - 署長：周麗蓮 - 助理署長：阮美嫻（法律事務1） · 黃綺雲（法律事務2） · 傅錦旺（個案處理） - 部門主任秘書：林安琪

上级部门: 財經事務及庫務局


text:
# SPH Media
SPH Media Trust (SMT), trading as SPH Media, is a mass media company in Singapore. It was incorporated on 19 July 2021 as a company limited by guarantee, having been spun off from Singapore Press Holdings as part of a restructuring. It owns several major newspapers in the country, including the English-language The Straits Times and The Business Times, Chinese-language Lianhe Zaobao and Shin Min Daily News, Malay-language Berita Harian, and the Tamil Murasu. The company also publishes magazines and operates five radio stations.
It forms part of a duopoly of the country's mass media, alongside the state-owned enterprise Mediacorp. SPH Media has over 2,500 employees, including a team of approximately 1,000 journalists, including correspondents operating around the world.

## History
Singapore Press Holdings Limited (SPH) was formed on 4 August 1984 through a merger of three organisations, The Straits Times Press Group, Singapore News and Publications Limited and Times Publishing Berhad.
SPH readership has stagnated since the early-2000s as Singaporeans increasingly turned to online media for their news consumption.
On 6 May 2021, SPH in response to shareholder pressures, had proposed that it would restructure itself and transfer its media business into a company limited by guarantee (CLG), which will be privately managed. The new company would initially be managed by the holders of SPH's management shareholders at the time, while still having to issue new management shares of the media business under the CLG as required by Newspaper and Printing Presses Act. The government would also lift the shareholder limits on the currently listed SPH entity. This new CLG was named SPH Media Trust.
On 10 September 2021, an extraordinary general meeting was convened over the restructuring proposal to transfer all media business-related assets and staff to SMT. Approximately 97.55% of the 300 shareholders voted in favour of the proposal. The transfer was completed on 1 December 2021. The assets transferred included its headquarters, News Center, and its press, Print Center, as well as all intellectual property and information technology assets. Along with the assets transfer, 2,500 staff were transferred to SMT as well. SPH had also injected SMT with S$80 million cash and S$30 million of SPH stocks and SPH REIT units.
As part of its restructuring, it discontinued the print publication of The New Paper on 11 December 2021, becoming a digital-only publication. It also merged the Lianhe Wanbao (联合晚报) into the Shin Min Daily News (新明日报) on 24 December 2021, citing the limited number of Chinese media talent in the country, redundancy in content, and a plan to focus on bolstering its digital operations.
To aid with the restructuring of its operations, the Singapore government announced on 16 February 2022, that it would provide SMT up to S$900 million over the next five years, with the amount dependent on achieving certain targets such as reach and engagement of its products and to certain vernacular groups and youth.
A review of internal processes of SMT was started in March 2022 which included the reporting of circulation data. In January 2023, it was reported that daily circulation numbers of SPH's publications, including broadsheets The Straits Times and Lianhe Zaobao, were inflated by 10 to 12 percent. The figures were inflated due to double counting of subscriptions, a project account which was funded to purchase fictitious circulation and arbitrarily derived circulation numbers.
As of July 2025, SPH has continued to cover the Singaporean government favorably while also expanding collaborations with Chinese state media such as Xinhua News Agency.

## Ownership
As a private company, SPH Media Trust is managed privately by its shareholders. The initial shareholders were made up of the management shareholders of Singapore Press Holdings, as SPH was a newspaper company as defined under the Newspaper and Printing Presses Act (NPPA) of 1974. The management shares are regulated through NPPA and its issuance and transfers have to be approved by the Ministry of Communications and Information, and in "any resolution relating to the appointment or dismissal of a director or any member of the staff" the vote of one management share is equivalent to 200 ordinary shares.
New management shares are to be issued to the individual media businesses under SMT.
The institutional members of SMT are:
- DBS Bank
- United Overseas Bank
- OCBC Bank
- Great Eastern Life
- Singtel
- CapitaLand
- Changi Airport Group
- PSA International
- Mapletree Investments
- Fullerton Limited
- Income Insurance
- NTUC Enterprise Co-Operative
- National University of Singapore
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore Management University
- Singapore University of Technology and Design

## Newspapers
SPH Media publishes 9 newspaper titles in four languages in Singapore.
English
- The Straits Times (Sunday edition: The Sunday Times)
- The Business Times (Saturday edition: The Business Times Weekend)
- The New Paper – English tabloid newspaper
- STOMP – citizen journalism web portal
- tabla! – free English language newspaper for the Indian community; 30,000 copies distributed each Friday at 7-Eleven outlets

Chinese
- Lianhe Zaobao (聯合早报) (Sunday edition: zbSunday)[20]
- Shin Min Daily News (新明日报) – Chinese tabloid newspaper

Malay
- Berita Harian (Sunday edition: Berita Minggu)

Tamil
- Tamil Murasu (தமிழ் முரசு)

## Magazines
SPH Media publishes and produces 9 magazine titles in Singapore and the region, covering a range of interests from lifestyle to information technology.
- F ZINE
- HardwareZone
- Harper's Bazaar Singapore[22]
- Her World
- Home & Decor
- ICON
- Nüyou
- The Peak
- Singapore Women's Weekly[23]

## Radio
SPH Media manages and operates 5 radio stations: 96.3 Hao FM and UFM100.3 in Mandarin, as well as MONEY FM 89.3, Kiss92 FM and One FM 91.3 in English.
| Frequency | Station       | Language         | Genre                                  | First air date   |
| --------- | ------------- | ---------------- | -------------------------------------- | ---------------- |
| 89.3 MHz  | Money FM 89.3 | English          | Financial news/talk                    | 29 January 2018  |
| 91.3 MHz  | One FM 91.3   | English          | Classic hits Modern adult contemporary | 2 March 1991     |
| 92.0 MHz  | Kiss92 FM     | English          | Urban adult contemporary               | 3 September 2012 |
| 96.3 MHz  | 96.3 Hao FM   | Mandarin Chinese | Classic hits (C-pop) Infotainment      | 8 January 2018   |
| 100.3 MHz | UFM100.3      | Mandarin Chinese | Adult contemporary (Mandopop)          | 2 March 1991     |

## Other media

### Straits Times Press
SPH Media's subsidiary Straits Times Press produces books and periodicals in English and Chinese.

### Digital
Apart from AsiaOne and Tech In Asia, SPH Media's online and new media initiatives include STJobs, online portal for jobs; and STClassifieds for general classified ads.

### Advertising
SPH Media has ventured into outdoor advertising through its digital out-of-home platform SPHMBO.

wikiname: enwiki

title: SPH Media

in_language: en

wikitext:
{{Short description|Media company in Singapore}}
{{Undisclosed paid|date=January 2024}}
{{EngvarB|date=July 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2025}}
{{Infobox company
| name = SPH Media Trust
| logo = Logo_of_SPH_Media.webp
| logo_size =
| image = Singapore Press Holdings Headquarters 20230725 173420.jpg
| image_caption = Headquarters of SPH Media at Toa Payoh
| type = [[Private company limited by guarantee|Company limited by guarantee]] (SMT)<ref name="sgpbusiness">{{cite web|title=SPH MEDIA TRUST (202125108M) - Singapore Business Directory|accessdate=3 October 2022|publisher=SGPBusiness.com|url=https://www.sgpbusiness.com/company/Sph-Media-Trust|archive-date=3 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221003072720/https://www.sgpbusiness.com/company/Sph-Media-Trust|url-status=live}}</ref>
| industry = [[Mass media]]
| foundation = {{start date and age|df=y|2021|12|01}}
| location = [[Toa Payoh]], [[Singapore]]
| key_people = [[Khaw Boon Wan]] ([[Chairperson|Chairman]])
Chan Yeng Kit ([[Chief executive officer|CEO]])
| num_employees = 2,500
| homepage = {{url|http://www.sph.com.sg}}
}}
'''SPH Media Trust''' ('''SMT'''), [[Doing business as|trading as]] '''SPH Media''', is a [[mass media]] company in [[Singapore]]. It was incorporated on 19 July 2021 as a [[Private company limited by guarantee|company limited by guarantee]], having been [[Corporate spin-off|spun off]] from [[Singapore Press Holdings]] as part of a restructuring. It owns several major newspapers in the country, including the English-language ''[[The Straits Times]]'' and ''[[The Business Times (Singapore)|The Business Times]],'' Chinese-language ''[[Lianhe Zaobao]]'' and ''[[Shin Min Daily News]]'', Malay-language ''[[Berita Harian (Singapore)|Berita Harian]],'' and the ''[[Tamil Murasu]]''. The company also publishes magazines and operates five radio stations.

It forms part of a [[duopoly]] of the [[Mass media in Singapore|country's mass media]], alongside the state-owned enterprise [[Mediacorp]].<ref>{{cite news |date=17 February 2020 |title=Singapore profile - Media |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15966553 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719041236/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15966553 |archive-date=19 July 2018 |access-date=19 July 2021 |work=BBC News |publisher=[[BBC News]] |language=en}}</ref> SPH Media has over 2,500 employees, including a team of approximately 1,000 journalists, including [[correspondent]]s operating around the world.
==History==
[[Singapore Press Holdings]] Limited (SPH) was formed on 4 August 1984 through a merger of three organisations, The Straits Times Press Group, Singapore News and Publications Limited and Times Publishing Berhad.<ref>{{cite web |title=Formation of Singapore Press Holdings |url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/history/events/34789177-5f5e-468d-9a77-db3680ce4161 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320051059/https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/history/events/34789177-5f5e-468d-9a77-db3680ce4161 |archive-date=20 March 2021 |access-date=13 August 2019 |publisher=NLB}}</ref>

SPH readership has stagnated since the early-2000s as Singaporeans increasingly turned to online media for their news consumption.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2021 |title=Why did SPH restructure? Umbrage, COVID-19 and SGAG |url=https://samizdat.ghost.io/why-did-sph-restructure-the-role-of-covid-19-public-trust-and-new-alternatives-to-the-mainstream/ |access-date=29 May 2021 |website=Singapore Samizdat |language=en |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602212158/https://samizdat.ghost.io/why-did-sph-restructure-the-role-of-covid-19-public-trust-and-new-alternatives-to-the-mainstream/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

On 6 May 2021, SPH in response to shareholder pressures, had proposed that it would restructure itself and transfer its media business into a [[company limited by guarantee]] (CLG), which will be privately managed.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ho|first=Grace|date=6 May 2021|title=SPH to restructure media business into not-for-profit entity to support quality journalism|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/sph-to-restructure-media-business-into-not-for-profit-entity|access-date=20 July 2021|website=The Straits Times|language=en|archive-date=23 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220323171730/https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/sph-to-restructure-media-business-into-not-for-profit-entity|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Why Singapore Press Holdings is Restructuring|url=https://thediplomat.com/2021/05/why-singapore-press-holdings-is-restructuring/|access-date=20 July 2021|website=thediplomat.com|language=en-US|archive-date=3 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220503093052/https://thediplomat.com/2021/05/why-singapore-press-holdings-is-restructuring/|url-status=live}}</ref> The new company would initially be managed by the holders of SPH's management shareholders at the time, while still having to issue new management shares of the media business under the CLG as required by Newspaper and Printing Presses Act.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Kurohi|first=Rei|date=11 May 2021|title=Management shares and CLGs|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/management-shares-and-clgs|access-date=20 July 2021|website=The Straits Times|language=en|archive-date=23 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220323171729/https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/management-shares-and-clgs|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite web|last=Lim|first=Raphael|date=10 May 2021|title=Khaw Boon Wan to be chairman of SPH Media CLG, management shareholders to be founding members|url=https://www.businesstimes.com.sg/government-economy/khaw-boon-wan-to-be-chairman-of-sph-media-clg-management-shareholders-to-be|access-date=20 July 2021|website=The Business Times|archive-date=2 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220902184414/https://www.businesstimes.com.sg/government-economy/khaw-boon-wan-to-be-chairman-of-sph-media-clg-management-shareholders-to-be|url-status=live}}</ref> The government would also lift the shareholder limits on the currently listed SPH entity.<ref name=":8" /> This new CLG was named SPH Media Trust.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ong|first=Justin|date=1 December 2021|title=SPH Media Trust launches with mission for ST and media titles to be trusted source of news|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/sph-media-trust-launches-with-mission-for-st-and-media-titles-to-be-trusted-source-of-news|access-date=12 December 2021|website=The Straits Times|language=en|archive-date=15 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220215070700/https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/sph-media-trust-launches-with-mission-for-st-and-media-titles-to-be-trusted-source-of-news|url-status=live}}</ref>

On 10 September 2021, an [[extraordinary general meeting]] was convened over the restructuring proposal to transfer all media business-related assets and staff to SMT. Approximately 97.55% of the 300 shareholders voted in favour of the proposal.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SPH shareholders vote in favour of hiving off loss-making media business |url=https://www.thedrum.com/news/2021/09/13/sph-shareholders-vote-favour-hiving-loss-making-media-business |access-date=23 March 2022 |website=The Drum |archive-date=22 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322072028/https://www.thedrum.com/news/2021/09/13/sph-shareholders-vote-favour-hiving-loss-making-media-business |url-status=live }}</ref> The transfer was completed on 1 December 2021. The assets transferred included its headquarters, News Center, and its press, Print Center, as well as all intellectual property and information technology assets. Along with the assets transfer, 2,500 staff were transferred to SMT as well. SPH had also injected SMT with {{SGD|80 million}} cash and {{SGD|30 million}} of SPH stocks and SPH REIT units.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2 December 2021 |title=SPH announces completion of media restructuring |url=https://sbr.com.sg/media-marketing/news/sph-announces-completion-media-restructuring |access-date=23 March 2022 |website=Singapore Business Review |language=en |archive-date=25 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220525223412/https://sbr.com.sg/media-marketing/news/sph-announces-completion-media-restructuring |url-status=live }}</ref>

As part of its restructuring, it discontinued the print publication of ''[[The New Paper]]'' on 11 December 2021, becoming a digital-only publication.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The New Paper goes fully digital amidst plans to accelerate newsroom transformation |url=https://www.marketing-interactive.com/the-new-paper-goes-fully-digital-amidst-plans-to-accelerate-newsroom-transformation |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=www.marketing-interactive.com |date=21 September 2021 |language=en-gb |archive-date=2 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402134210/https://www.marketing-interactive.com/the-new-paper-goes-fully-digital-amidst-plans-to-accelerate-newsroom-transformation |url-status=live }}</ref> It also merged the ''[[Lianhe Wanbao]]'' (联合晚报) into the ''[[Shin Min Daily News]]'' (新明日报) on 24 December 2021, citing the limited number of Chinese media talent in the country, redundancy in content, and a plan to focus on bolstering its digital operations.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lianhe Wanbao and Shin Min Daily News to merge |url=https://www.marketing-interactive.com/lianhe-wanbao-and-shin-min-daily-news-to-merge |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=www.marketing-interactive.com |date=27 September 2021 |language=en-gb |archive-date=23 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220323045331/https://www.marketing-interactive.com/lianhe-wanbao-and-shin-min-daily-news-to-merge |url-status=live }}</ref>

To aid with the restructuring of its operations, the Singapore government announced on 16 February 2022, that it would provide SMT up to {{SGD|900 million}} over the next five years, with the amount dependent on achieving certain targets such as reach and engagement of its products and to certain [[vernacular]] groups and youth.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Govt to provide SPH Media Trust up to S$900 million over 5 years as it loses money restructuring |url=https://mothership.sg/2022/02/sph-media-trust-900-million/ |access-date=24 March 2022 |website=mothership.sg |language=en |archive-date=16 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216124422/https://mothership.sg/2022/02/sph-media-trust-900-million/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

A review of internal processes of SMT was started in March 2022 which included the reporting of circulation data.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=SPH Media circulation numbers found to be inflated by 10-12%; senior staff taken to task, Govt probe underway |url=https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/sph-media-circulation-numbers-inflated-senior-staff-taken-task-2086266 |access-date=20 February 2023 |website=TODAY |language=en |archive-date=20 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220101058/https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/sph-media-circulation-numbers-inflated-senior-staff-taken-task-2086266 |url-status=live }}</ref> In January 2023, it was reported that daily circulation numbers of SPH's publications, including broadsheets ''[[The Straits Times]]'' and ''[[Lianhe Zaobao]]'', were inflated by 10 to 12 percent.<ref name=":2" /> The figures were inflated due to double counting of subscriptions, a project account which was funded to purchase fictitious circulation and arbitrarily derived circulation numbers.<ref name=":2" />

As of July 2025, SPH has continued to cover the Singaporean government favorably while also expanding collaborations with Chinese [[state media]] such as [[Xinhua News Agency]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=SPH Media Trust (SMT) – State Media Monitor |url=https://statemediamonitor.com/2025/07/sph-media-trust-smt/ |access-date=2025-08-08 |website=statemediamonitor.com}}</ref>

==Ownership==
{{See also|Media in Singapore|Singapore Press Holdings#Ownership}}

As a private company, SPH Media Trust is managed privately by its shareholders. The initial shareholders were made up of the management shareholders of [[Singapore Press Holdings]],<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":8" /> as SPH was a newspaper company as defined under the Newspaper and Printing Presses Act (NPPA) of 1974. The management shares are regulated through NPPA and its issuance and transfers have to be approved by the [[Ministry of Communications and Information]], and in "any resolution relating to the appointment or dismissal of a director or any member of the staff" the vote of one management share is equivalent to 200 ordinary shares.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aA-LBgAAQBAJ|title=Freedom from the Press: Journalism and State Power in Singapore|last=George|first=Cherian|date=1 April 2012|publisher=NUS Press|isbn=9789971695941|pages=31|language=en|access-date=23 March 2022|archive-date=26 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026225013/https://books.google.com/books?id=aA-LBgAAQBAJ|url-status=live}}</ref>

New management shares are to be issued to the individual media businesses under SMT.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":8" />

The institutional members of SMT are:<ref>{{Cite web | title = Institutional Members of SPH Media Trust | url = https://www.sph.com.sg/institutional-members-of-sph-media-trust/ | website = SPH Media Limited | language = en-us | access-date = 13 February 2023 | archive-date = 3 September 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230903014328/https://www.sph.com.sg/institutional-members-of-sph-media-trust/ | url-status = live }}</ref>
*[[DBS Bank]]
*[[United Overseas Bank]]
*[[OCBC Bank]]
*[[Great Eastern Life]]
*[[Singtel]]
*[[CapitaLand]]
*[[Changi Airport]] Group
*[[PSA International]]
*[[Mapletree Investments]]
*Fullerton Limited
*[[Income Insurance]]
*[[National Trades Union Congress|NTUC]] Enterprise Co-Operative
*[[National University of Singapore]]
*[[Nanyang Technological University]]
*[[Singapore Management University]]
*[[Singapore University of Technology and Design]]

== Newspapers ==
SPH Media publishes 9 newspaper titles in four languages in Singapore.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sph.com.sg/our-brands/news/|title=News|website=SPH Media|access-date=4 September 2023|archive-date=3 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230903014333/https://www.sph.com.sg/our-brands/news/|url-status=live}}</ref>

'''English'''
*''[[The Straits Times]]'' (Sunday edition: ''The Sunday Times'')
*''[[The Business Times (Singapore)|The Business Times]]'' (Saturday edition: ''The Business Times Weekend'')
*''[[The New Paper]]'' – English tabloid newspaper
*''[[STOMP (website)|STOMP]]'' – citizen journalism web portal
*''[[tabla!]]'' – free English language newspaper for the Indian community; 30,000 copies distributed each Friday at 7-Eleven outlets
'''Chinese'''
*''[[Lianhe Zaobao]]'' (聯合早报) (Sunday edition: ''zbSunday'')<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 March 2014 |title=Refreshed zbSunday offers a brighter and livelier read |url=https://www.asiaone.com/refreshed-zbsunday-offers-brighter-and-livelier-read |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=AsiaOne |language=en |archive-date=2 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402134209/https://www.asiaone.com/refreshed-zbsunday-offers-brighter-and-livelier-read |url-status=live }}</ref>
*''[[Shin Min Daily News]]'' (新明日报) – Chinese tabloid newspaper
'''Malay'''
*''[[Berita Harian (Singapore)|Berita Harian]]'' (Sunday edition: ''Berita Minggu'')
'''Tamil'''
*''[[Tamil Murasu]]'' (தமிழ் முரசு)

== Magazines ==
SPH Media publishes and produces 9 magazine titles in Singapore and the region, covering a range of interests from lifestyle to information technology.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sph.com.sg/our-brands/lifestyle/|title=Lifestyle|website=SPH Media|access-date=4 September 2023|archive-date=3 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230903131742/https://www.sph.com.sg/our-brands/lifestyle/|url-status=live}}</ref>

*''F ZINE''
*''[[HardwareZone]]''
*''[[Harper's Bazaar]] Singapore''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.harpersbazaar.com.sg|title=Harper's BAZAAR Singapore/Fashion, Beauty, Travel, Parties & Culture|website=Harper's Bazaar Singapore|access-date=14 August 2015|archive-date=20 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320051057/https://www.harpersbazaar.com.sg/|url-status=live}}</ref>
*''[[Her World]]''
*''Home & Decor''
*''ICON''
*''[[Nüyou]]''
*''The Peak''
*''Singapore Women's Weekly''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.womensweekly.com.sg/|title=Homepage|first=Seah Pei|last=Jun|website=The Singapore Women's Weekly|access-date=29 May 2019|archive-date=20 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320051057/https://www.womensweekly.com.sg/|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Radio ==
SPH Media manages and operates 5 radio stations: 96.3 Hao FM and [[UFM100.3]] in Mandarin, as well as MONEY FM 89.3, Kiss92 FM and [[One FM 91.3]] in English.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sph.com.sg/our-brands/radio/|title=Radio|website=SPH Media|access-date=4 September 2023|archive-date=29 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829162629/https://www.sph.com.sg/our-brands/radio/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sphradio.sg/ |title=SPH Radio |website=SPH Radio |access-date=9 May 2022 |archive-date=4 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220504232734/https://www.sphradio.sg/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

{|class="wikitable"
!style="background: #007FFF; color:white" align="center"|Frequency
!style="background: #007FFF; color:white" align="center"|Station
!style="background: #007FFF; color:white" align="center"|Language
!style="background: #007FFF; color:white" align="center"|Genre
!style="background: #007FFF; color:white" align="center"|First air date
|-
| 89.3 MHz || Money FM 89.3 || rowspan="3" | [[English language|English]] || [[Finance|Financial]] [[All-news radio|news]]/[[Talk radio|talk]] || 29 January 2018
|-
| 91.3 MHz || [[One FM 91.3]] || [[Classic hits]]
 [[Modern adult contemporary]] || 2 March 1991
|-
| 92.0 MHz || Kiss92 FM || [[Urban adult contemporary]] || 3 September 2012
|-
| 96.3 MHz || 96.3 Hao FM || rowspan="2" | [[Singaporean Mandarin|Mandarin Chinese]] || [[Classic hits]] ([[C-pop]])
 [[Infotainment]] || 8 January 2018
|-
| 100.3 MHz || [[UFM100.3]] || [[Adult contemporary music|Adult contemporary]] ([[Mandopop]]) || 2 March 1991
|}

== Other media ==
=== Straits Times Press ===
SPH Media's subsidiary Straits Times Press produces books and periodicals in English and Chinese.

=== Digital ===
Apart from [[AsiaOne]] and [[Tech In Asia]], SPH Media's online and new media initiatives include STJobs, online portal for jobs; and STClassifieds for general classified ads.

=== Advertising ===
SPH Media has ventured into outdoor advertising through its digital out-of-home platform SPHMBO.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sph.com.sg/out-of-home-advertising/|title=Out-Of-Home Advertising|website=SPH Media|access-date=25 August 2023|archive-date=25 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230825075759/https://www.sph.com.sg/out-of-home-advertising/|url-status=live}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[List of state media by country]]
* [[Media Prima]]
** [[New Straits Times Press]]
* [[Media Chinese International]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Library resources box
 |onlinebooks=no
 |by=yes
|lcheading=Singapore Press Holdings
 }}
*{{official website|http://www.sph.com.sg/}}

{{SPH Media}}
{{Chinese-language radio}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:SPH Media| ]]
[[Category:2021 establishments in Singapore]]
[[Category:Publishing companies established in 2021]]
[[Category:Mass media companies established in 2021]]
[[Category:Mass media companies of Singapore]]
[[Category:Newspaper companies of Singapore]]
[[Category:Singaporean brands]]
[[Category:Singaporean companies established in 2021]]
[[Category:State media]]

title: SPH Media Trust

Company type: Company limited by guarantee (SMT)

Industry: Mass media

Founded: 1 December 2021

Headquarters: Toa Payoh, Singapore

Key people: Khaw Boon Wan (Chairman) · Chan Yeng Kit (CEO)


text:
# كينغز كويست 4: بيرلس أوف روسيلا
كينغز كويست 4: بيرلس أوف روسيلا (بالإنجليزية: King's Quest IV: The Perils of Rosella) ، هي لعبة فيديو إلكترونية من نوع مغامرات، وهي الجزء الرابع من سلسلة كينغز كويست، صدرت في السوق سنة 1988م.

wikiname: arwiki

title: كينغز كويست 4: بيرلس أوف روسيلا

in_language: ar

wikitext:
{{معلومات لعبة فيديو
| title = كينغز كويست4: بيرلس أوف روسيلا
|image = [[ملف:King's Quest IV - The Perils of Rosella Coverart.jpg|لاإطار]]
|caption = غلاف اللعبة لنظام آبل 2
|developer = سييرا أون-لاين
|publisher = سييرا أون-لاين
|director = روبرتا ويليامز
|designer = روبرتا ويليامز
|writer = روبرتا ويليامز
|programmer =شاين فولمر
 كين كوش
|artist = ويليام سيكريفن
كارولي هاوكسدوتير
غيرالد مور
|composer = ويليام غولدستن
|producer = كين ويليامز
|series = ''كينغز كويست''
|released = سبتمبر 1988<ref name="kqcmanual">{{استشهاد ويب|عنوان=''King's Quest Collection'' – Manual |مسار=http://www.sierrahelp.com/Documents/Manuals/Kings_Quest_Collection_-_Manual.pdf |سنة=1997 |صفحة=5 |ناشر=[[سييرا إنترتينمنت]] |صيغة=PDF |تاريخ الوصول=2012-07-25| مسار أرشيف = https://web.archive.org/web/20171026004500/http://sierrahelp.com/Documents/Manuals/Kings_Quest_Collection_-_Manual.pdf | تاريخ أرشيف = 26 أكتوبر 2017 }}</ref>
|engine = أدفانشتر غيم إنتربريتر و سييرا كرايتف إنتربريتر إس سي 10
|genre = [[لعبة مغامرات|مغامرات]]
|modes = [[لعبة فيديو فردية|لعبة فردية]]
|platforms = [[إم إس-دوس]]، [[أميغا]]، [[أبل 2]]، [[ابل آي آي جي إس]]، [[أتاري إس تي]]
}}
'''كينغز كويست 4: بيرلس أوف روسيلا''' {{إنج|King's Quest IV: The Perils of Rosella}} ، هي لعبة فيديو إلكترونية من نوع مغامرات، وهي الجزء الرابع من سلسلة كينغز كويست، صدرت في السوق سنة 1988م.

== مصادر ==
{{مراجع}}

== وصلات خارجية ==
* {{موبي جيمز|/kings-quest-iv-the-perils-of-rosella}}
* {{روابط فنية}}
* [http://www.sierrachest.com/index.php?a=g&id=4&fld=s&gconf=1 ''King's Quest IV''] at the Sierra Chest
{{ضبط استنادي}}
{{شريط بوابات|ألعاب فيديو|الولايات المتحدة|خيال علمي|عقد 1980}}
{{بذرة لعبة فيديو}}

[[تصنيف:الخيال التفاعلي عقد 1980]]
[[تصنيف:ألعاب آبل آي آي جي إس]]
[[تصنيف:ألعاب أتاري إس تي]]
[[تصنيف:ألعاب أميغا]]
[[تصنيف:ألعاب دوس]]
[[تصنيف:ألعاب سييرا إنترتينمنت]]
[[تصنيف:ألعاب فيديو 1988]]
[[تصنيف:ألعاب فيديو تضم بطلات]]
[[تصنيف:ألعاب فيديو تضم خصوم إناث]]
[[تصنيف:ألعاب فيديو عن السحر]]
[[تصنيف:ألعاب فيديو فردية]]
[[تصنيف:ألعاب فيديو فنتازيا]]
[[تصنيف:ألعاب فيديو مطورة في الولايات المتحدة]]
[[تصنيف:ألعاب كينغز كويست]]
[[تصنيف:ألعاب مغامرات]]
[[تصنيف:ألعاب مغامرات تأشير ونقر]]

title: كينغز كويست4: بيرلس أوف روسيلا

المطور: سييرا أون-لاين

الناشر: سييرا أون-لاين

المصمم: روبرتا ويليامز

المخرج: روبرتا ويليامز

المبرمج: شاين فولمر · كين كوش

الكاتب: روبرتا ويليامز

المنتج: كين ويليامز

الفنان: ويليام سيكريفن · كارولي هاوكسدوتير · غيرالد مور

الموسيقى: ويليام غولدستن

سلسلة اللعبة: كينغز كويست

النظام: إم إس-دوس، أميغا، أبل 2، ابل آي آي جي إس، أتاري إس تي

تاریخ الإصدار: سبتمبر 1988

نوع اللعبة: مغامرات

النمط: لعبة فردية

مدخلات: لوحة المفاتيح

title: التقييم

التقييم:
كينغز كويست III كينغز كويست 5
تعديل مصدري - تعديل


text:
# Mesoleius coriaceus
Mesoleius coriaceus là một loài tò vò trong họ Ichneumonidae.

wikiname: viwiki

title: Mesoleius coriaceus

in_language: vi

wikitext:
{{nhan đề nghiêng}}
{{Bảng phân loại
| name = ''Mesoleius coriaceus''
| image =
| image_caption =
| status =
| status_system =
| status_ref =
| regnum = [[Động vật|Animalia]]
| phylum = [[Động vật Chân khớp|Arthropoda]]
| classis = [[Côn trùng|Insecta]]
| ordo = [[Bộ Cánh màng|Hymenoptera]]
| familia = [[Ichneumonidae]]
| genus = ''[[Mesoleius]]''
| species = '''''M. coriaceus'''''
| binomial = ''Mesoleius coriaceus''
| binomial_authority = Holmgren, 1857
| synonyms =
}}
'''''Mesoleius coriaceus''''' là một loài [[tò vò]] trong họ [[Ichneumonidae]].<ref name = "COL">{{chú thích web |url= http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/Mesoleius+coriaceus/match/1|title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.|access-date = ngày 22 tháng 6 năm 2014 |author= Bisby |first = F.A. |last2 = Roskov |first2 = Y.R. |last3 = Orrell |first3 = T.M. |last4 = Nicolson |first4 = D. |last5 = Paglinawan |first5 = L.E. |last6 = Bailly |first6 = N. |last7 = Kirk |first7 = P.M. |last8 = Bourgoin |first8 = T. |last9 = Baillargeon |first9= G. |last10 = Ouvrard |first10 = D.|year= 2011|publisher=Species 2000: Reading, UK.}}</ref>

==Chú thích==
{{Tham khảo}}

==Liên kết ngoài==
*{{wikispecies-inline|Mesoleius coriaceus|''Mesoleius coriaceus''}}
*{{commonscat-inline|Mesoleius coriaceus|''Mesoleius coriaceus''}}

[[Thể loại:Mesoleius]]

{{Mesoleiini-stub}}

title: Phân loại khoa học

Giới (regnum): Animalia

Ngành (phylum): Arthropoda

Lớp (class): Insecta

Bộ (ordo): Hymenoptera

Họ (familia): Ichneumonidae

Chi (genus): Mesoleius

Loài (species): M. coriaceus

title: Danh pháp hai phần

Danh pháp hai phần: Mesoleius coriaceus · Holmgren, 1857


text:
# 远神论
远神论（Apatheism，取自apathy与atheism），又称为实用主义无神论，指的是一种对有神概念敬而远之的无神论态度，还包括对有神信仰的冷漠、无知以及对各类神祇的兴趣缺乏。

## 历史
在東方的歷史上，孔子曾說：「敬鬼神而遠之」。在西方的历史上，实用主义无神论通常会和道德缺失、无知以及不敬等负面评价联系在一起。一些人认为实用主义无神论者无视神祇和相应的道德体系与社会规范，其在本质上是享乐主义；例如法国天主教哲学家艾蒂·伯恩说过：“实用主义无神论並不是對神存在的否認，而是在行爲中完全无视神的存在，这是邪恶的；因为其本质并非否认绝对權威的來源，而是故意地違抗它。”在當代，实用主义无神论被視為是時代進步的現象，而不再是一種道德上的缺失。

title: 远神论

wikitext:
{{Atheism}}
'''远神论'''（Apatheism，取自apathy与atheism），又称为'''[[实用主义]]无神论'''，指的是一种对有神概念敬而远之的无神论态度，还包括对有神信仰的冷漠、无知以及对各类神祇的兴趣缺乏<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.religioustolerance.org/apatheism.htm |title=Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance: Apatheism: "Does God exist? I don't know & I don't really care" |accessdate=2010-04-27 |archive-date=2014-06-29 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6Qh9QnLvL?url=http://www.religioustolerance.org/apatheism.htm |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

==历史==
在東方的歷史上，[[孔子]]曾說：「敬鬼神而遠之」。在西方的历史上，实用主义无神论通常会和道德缺失、无知以及不敬等负面评价联系在一起。一些人认为实用主义无神论者无视神祇和相应的道德体系与社会规范，其在本质上是[[享乐主义]]；例如法国天主教哲学家[[艾蒂·伯恩]]说过：“实用主义无神论並不是對神存在的否認，而是在行爲中完全无视神的存在，这是邪恶的；因为其本质并非否认绝对權威的來源，而是故意地違抗它。”<ref>{{citebook|last=Borne|first=Étienne|title=Atheism|url=https://archive.org/details/atheism0000born|year=1961|publisher=New York: Hawthorn Books|isbn=0-415-04727-7}}</ref>在當代，实用主义无神论被視為是時代進步的現象，而不再是一種道德上的缺失。

==参见==
*[[不可知论]]
*[[漠视主义]]
*[[信仰无差别论]]
*[[非有神论]]

==参考资料==
{{reflist}}

==外部链接==
*[http://www.hermetic.com/dionysos/apatheist.htm Apatheism, Allognosticism, and the American Religious Landscape.] {{Wayback|url=http://www.hermetic.com/dionysos/apatheist.htm |date=20091010012557 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20100401182320/http://www.wunderland.com/WTS/Ginohn/cetera/apatheism.html The Church of Apatheism], a web page first published in August 2000 which also uses the terms “apatheism” and “apatheist”
*[http://atheism.about.com/library/glossary/general/bldef_apatheist.htm Apatheism defined on Atheism.about.com] {{Wayback|url=http://atheism.about.com/library/glossary/general/bldef_apatheist.htm |date=20110718083956 }}
*[http://www.jonathanrauch.com/jrauch_articles/apatheism_beyond_religion/index.html "Let It Be: Three Cheers for Apatheism"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.jonathanrauch.com/jrauch_articles/apatheism_beyond_religion/index.html |date=20090821003536 }} by [[Jonathan Rauch]] ''Atlantic'' May 2003
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20121104204238/http://www.abc.net.au/newsradio/txt/s1620158.htm  ABC New Radio:wordwatch, Apatheism]
*[http://apatheticagnostic.org/ Apathetic Agnostics] {{Wayback|url=http://apatheticagnostic.org/ |date=20110727093905 }}

{{无宗教}}
{{无神论小作品}}

[[Category:无神论|A]]
[[Category:世俗主义|A]]
[[Category:实用主义|A]]
[[Category:非有神论|A]]


text:
# 圭亚那国徽
圭亞那國徽為啟用於1966年，為一盾徽。中間三條波浪紋代表該國的河流等水體，上方的王蓮是該國國花。下方的麝雉為該國國鳥。笆上方有頭盔，飾以藍白花冠、土著的羽冠和鑽石。左右由持鎬（鑽石和鎬代表礦業）和甘蔗（代表農業）的美洲虎守護。下方綬帶書有國家格言「一個民族、一個國家、一個命運」。

## 英属圭亚那
| 英属圭亚那殖民地 |               |                                                                                |
| 徽章             | 使用期限      | 备注                                                                                |
|                  | 1875–1906     | 英属圭亚那的殖民地徽章，基于荷兰西印度公司的印章。 描述满帆的帆船。 在此之前，殖民当局使用了英国皇家徽章。                 |
|                  | 1906–1955     | 徽章保持不变，但徽章周围带有金色表带，并带有拉丁格言“ DAMUS PETIMUS QUE VICISSIM”（“我们互赠互惠”）。 帆船的设计略有变化。 |
|                  | 1955年–1966年 | 1954年12月8日开始启用。                                                                                |

title: 圭亚那国徽

wikitext:
{{Infobox coat of arms
|name             = 圭亚那合作共和国国徽
|image            = Coat of Arms of Guyana.svg
|image_width      = 250
|middle           = Arms of the President of Guyana.svg
|middle_width     = 100
|middle_caption   = 圭亚那总统徽章
|lesser           = Office of the Prime Minister Guyana.svg
|lesser_width     = 100
|lesser_caption   = 圭亚那总理徽章
|armiger          = {{flag|Guyana}}
|year_adopted     = 1966年2月25日
|crest            =
|torse            =
|shield           =
|supporters       =
|compartment      =
|motto            =
|orders           =
|other_elements   =
|earlier_versions =
|use              =
}}
'''[[圭亞那]]國徽'''為啟用於1966年，為一盾徽。中間三條波浪紋代表該國的河流等水體，上方的[[王蓮屬|王蓮]]是該國國花。下方的[[麝雉]]為該國國鳥。笆上方有頭盔，飾以藍白花冠、土著的羽冠和[[鑽石]]。左右由持鎬（鑽石和鎬代表礦業）和[[甘蔗]]（代表農業）的[[美洲虎]]守護。下方綬帶書有國家格言「一個民族、一個國家、一個命運」。

==英属圭亚那==
{| width="60%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;"
|-
|align="center" colspan=3 style="background-color:#369; color:white;" |'''英属圭亚那殖民地'''
|-
!bgcolor = "#DCDCDC" width = "20%"|徽章
!bgcolor = "#DCDCDC" width = "20%"|使用期限
!bgcolor = "#DCDCDC" width = "60%"|备注
|-

|align="center"|[[File:Badge of British Guiana (1875–1906).svg|120px]]

|align="center"|1875–1906

||[[圭亚那历史|英属圭亚那]]的殖民地徽章，基于[[荷兰西印度公司]]的印章。 描述满帆的帆船。 在此之前，殖民当局使用了[[英国皇家徽章]]。

|-
|align="center"|[[File:Badge of British Guiana (1906–1955).svg|120px]]

|align="center"|1906–1955

||徽章保持不变，但徽章周围带有金色表带，并带有拉丁格言“ DAMUS PETIMUS QUE VICISSIM”（“我们互赠互惠”）。 帆船的设计略有变化。

|-
|align="center"|[[File:Badge of British Guiana (1955–1966).svg|120px]]

|align="center"|1955年–1966年

||1954年12月8日开始启用。
|-
|}

{{美洲题目|国徽}}
[[Category:圭亚那国家象征]]
[[Category:國徽|G]]

title: 版本

版本:
· 圭亚那总统徽章
· 圭亚那总理徽章

title: 細節


text:
# Hyliota
Hyliota Swainson, 1837 è un genere di uccelli passeriformi, l'unico ascritto alla famiglia Hyliotidae.

## Etimologia
Il nome scientifico del genere, Hyliota, deriva dal greco ὑλη (hylē/hulē, "foresta"), col significato di "abitante della foresta".

## Descrizione
Si tratta di uccelli di piccole dimensioni (11–13 cm), dall'aspetto simile a quello degli scricicoli, con testa grossa e larga, becco sottile e conico da insettivoro, corpo massiccio e arrotondato (nel quale la testa pare direttamente incassata), ali arrotondate, zampe forti e allungate e coda squadrata.
La colorazione è nero-bluastra nella parte dorsale del corpo (spesso con specchi alari bianchi), mentre gola, petto e ventre si presentano generalmente di color crema, con sfumature rosso-arancio in alcune specie.

## Distribuzione e habitat
Il genere è endemico dell'Africa, con le varie specie che occupano un areale che abbraccia tutta la porzione centrale del continente, dalla Guinea all'Etiopia a sud fino a Mozambico ed Angola.
Questi uccelli sono abitatori della savana alberata e del miombo.

## Biologia
Si tratta di uccelletti molto vivaci, quasi sempre silenti, che vivono da soli o in coppie ed hanno dieta insettivora.
Durante la stagione degli amori (che cade durante la stagione delle piogge) questi uccelli mostrano territorialità: essi sono monogami e i due sessi collaborano nella costruzione del nido e nell'allevamento della prole.

## Tassonomia
Al genere vengono ascritte quattro specie:
Famiglia Hyliotidae
- Genere Hyliota
  - Hyliota flavigaster Swainson, 1837 - iliota ventregiallo
  - Hyliota australis Shelley, 1882 - iliota meridionale
  - Hyliota usambara W.L.Sclater, 1932 - iliota degli Usambara
  - Hyliota violacea J.Verreaux & E.Verreaux, 1851 - iliota dorsoviola

La posizione tassonomica del genere è stata a lungo controversa. Negli anni è stata proposta la sua assegnazione alle famiglie Sylviidae, Platysteiridae, Malaconotidae o Muscicapidae.

Recenti studi basati sulla analisi molecolare del DNA mitocondriale non hanno evidenziato alcuna parentela con nessuna delle suddette famiglie suggerendo la collocazione del genere in una famiglia a sé stante, Hyliotidae, che occupa un clade nell'albero filogenetico dei Passerida.

title: Hyliota

wikitext:
{{Tassobox
|nome=''Hyliota''
|statocons=
|statocons_versione=
|statocons_ref=
|immagine=HyliotaNehrkorniKeulemans.jpg
|didascalia=''[[Hyliota violacea|H. violacea]]''
<!-- CLASSIFICAZIONE -->
|dominio=[[Eukaryota]]
|regno=[[Animalia]]
|sottoregno=
|superphylum=
|phylum=[[Chordata]]
|subphylum=
|infraphylum=
|microphylum=
|nanophylum=
|superclasse=
|classe=[[Aves]]
|sottoclasse=[[Neornithes]]
|infraclasse=
|superordine=[[Neognathae]]
|ordine=[[Passeriformes]]
|sottordine=[[Oscines]]
|infraordine=[[Passerida]]
|superfamiglia='''Hyliotoidea'''
|famiglia='''Hyliotidae'''
|sottofamiglia=
|tribù=
|sottotribù=
|genere='''Hyliota'''
|genereautore=[[William John Swainson|Swainson]], [[1837]]
|sottogenere=
|specie=
|sottospecie=
<!-- NOMENCLATURA BINOMIALE -->
|biautore=
|binome=
|bidata=
<!-- NOMENCLATURA TRINOMIALE -->
|triautore=
|trinome=
|tridata=
<!-- ALTRO -->
|sinonimi=
|nomicomuni=
|suddivisione=[[specie]]
|suddivisione_testo=
*''[[Hyliota flavigaster]]''
*''[[Hyliota australis]]''
*''[[Hyliota usambara]]''
*''[[Hyliota violacea]]''
}}
'''''Hyliota''''' {{zoo|[[William John Swainson|Swainson]]|1837}} è un [[genere (tassonomia)|genere]] di [[Aves|uccelli]] [[passeriformes|passeriformi]], l'unico ascritto alla [[famiglia (tassonomia)|famiglia]] '''Hyliotidae'''<ref name= IOC>{{IOC |titolo= Family Hyliotidae |url= http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/sugarbirds/ |accesso= 8 maggio 2014 }}</ref>.

==Etimologia==
Il [[nome scientifico]] del [[genere (tassonomia)|genere]], ''Hyliota'', deriva dal [[lingua greca antica|greco]] ''ὑλη'' (''hylē''/''hulē'', "foresta"), col significato di "abitante della foresta".

==Descrizione==
Si tratta di uccelli di piccole dimensioni (11–13 cm), dall'aspetto simile a quello degli [[troglodytidae|scricicoli]], con testa grossa e larga, becco sottile e conico da [[insettivoro]], corpo massiccio e arrotondato (nel quale la testa pare direttamente incassata), ali arrotondate, zampe forti e allungate e coda squadrata.

La colorazione è nero-bluastra nella parte dorsale del corpo (spesso con specchi alari bianchi), mentre gola, petto e ventre si presentano generalmente di color crema, con sfumature rosso-arancio in alcune specie.

==Distribuzione e habitat==
Il genere è [[endemismo|endemico]] dell'[[Africa]], con le varie specie che occupano un areale che abbraccia tutta la porzione centrale del continente, dalla [[Guinea (regione)|Guinea]] all'[[Etiopia]] a sud fino a [[Mozambico]] ed [[Angola]].

Questi uccelli sono abitatori della [[savana]] alberata e del ''[[miombo]]''.

==Biologia==
Si tratta di uccelletti molto vivaci, quasi sempre silenti, che vivono da soli o in coppie ed hanno dieta [[isettivoro|insettivora]].

Durante la stagione degli amori (che cade durante la [[stagione delle piogge]]) questi uccelli mostrano territorialità: essi sono [[monogamia|monogami]] e i due sessi collaborano nella costruzione del nido e nell'allevamento della prole.

== Tassonomia ==
[[File:Muscicapa flavigaster - 1838 - Print - Iconographia Zoologica - Special Collections University of Amsterdam - UBA01 IZ16500139.tif|thumb|''[[Hyliota flavigaster|H. flavigaster]]''.]]
Al [[genere (tassonomia)|genere]] vengono ascritte quattro [[specie]]<ref name=IOC/>:

'''Famiglia Hyliotidae'''
*'''Genere ''Hyliota'''''
**''[[Hyliota flavigaster]]'' {{zoo|[[William John Swainson|Swainson]]|1837}} - iliota ventregiallo
**''[[Hyliota australis]]'' {{zoo|[[George Ernest Shelley|Shelley]]|1882}} - iliota meridionale
**''[[Hyliota usambara]]'' {{zoo|[[William Lutley Sclater|W.L.Sclater]]|1932}} - iliota degli Usambara
**''[[Hyliota violacea]]'' {{zoo|[[Jules Verreaux|J.Verreaux]] & [[Édouard Verreaux|E.Verreaux]]|1851}} - iliota dorsoviola

La posizione tassonomica del genere è stata a lungo controversa. Negli anni è stata proposta la sua assegnazione alle famiglie [[Sylviidae]], [[Platysteiridae]], [[Malaconotidae]] o [[Muscicapidae]].<br/>
Recenti studi basati sulla analisi molecolare del [[DNA mitocondriale]] non hanno evidenziato alcuna parentela con nessuna delle suddette famiglie suggerendo la collocazione del genere in una famiglia a sé stante, '''Hyliotidae''', che occupa un [[clade]] nell'[[albero filogenetico]] dei [[Passerida]]<ref name=Fuchs2006>{{cita pubblicazione |autore=Fuchs J. ''et al'' |titolo=The African warbler genus Hyliota as a lost lineage in the Oscine songbird tree: Molecular support for an African origin of the Passerida |rivista=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |anno=2006 |volume=39 |numero=1 |pagine=186–197 |url=http://research.calacademy.org/sites/research.calacademy.org/files/Departments/om/Fuchs%202006%20MPE.pdf |urlmorto=sì |urlarchivio=https://web.archive.org/web/20140322001056/http://research.calacademy.org/sites/research.calacademy.org/files/Departments/om/Fuchs%202006%20MPE.pdf |dataarchivio=22 marzo 2014 }}</ref>.

== Note ==
<references/>

==Altri progetti==
{{Interprogetto|commons|wikispecies}}

== Collegamenti esterni ==
* {{cita web |titolo= Hyliotidae |opera= Bird Families of the World |url= http://creagrus.home.montereybay.com/hyliotas.html |accesso= 21 marzo 2014}}

{{portale|Africa|uccelli}}

[[Categoria:Hyliotidae]]
[[Categoria:Taxa classificati da William Swainson]]

title: Classificazione scientifica

Dominio: Eukaryota

Regno: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Classe: Aves

Sottoclasse: Neornithes

Superordine: Neognathae

Ordine: Passeriformes

Sottordine: Oscines

Infraordine: Passerida

Superfamiglia: Hyliotoidea

Famiglia: Hyliotidae

Genere: Hyliota · Swainson, 1837

title: specie

specie: - Hyliota flavigaster - Hyliota australis - Hyliota usambara - Hyliota violacea