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A Blog about Real Estate, How it Can Be Damaged, and Disputes Over its Transfer

This blog is a personal blog written to discuss legal issues affecting Georgia property, and how it is damaged, transferred, and fought over. I write this partly to keep abreast of the law, and partly to offer a forum for my writing. In order to find content, I often analyze Georgia Supreme Court decisions. I try to update this blog as I can, but writing is a time consuming process.

Saturday, January 21, 2012

Georgia Standard for Invalidating Wills is High

A person will sometimes change his will when he enters a hospital and delete a child included in a past will from the new will.  The excluded child may then seek to challenge the change in the will claiming it was the result of undue influence, coercion, or an unsound mind.   Such changes, which can be made at a time of extreme physical duress of the testator affecting his thinking, can have devastating effects.  However, the cases in Georgia regarding the burden of proof that a challenger must meet make it difficult for the newly excluded child to invalidate the new will.  The Georgia Supreme Court started out 2012 with two cases regarding this issue.  First, the recent case of the Georgia Supreme Court in Prine v. Blanton, Appeal Case No. SA11A1315 (Jan. 9, 2012), reiterated the rules that create this high burden on persons seeking to challenge the will.

In Blanton, supra, the caveator challenged a will leaving most of the estate of her father to her three brothers.  Her father's change that excluded her was initially made in the month before the death.  Her father again executed a new will when he entered the hospital for the last time.   The beneficiaries who benefited from the change asked the court to rule as a matter of law on a motion for summary judgment against the claims of their sister to invalidate the will.  The daughter sought to invalidate the will in order to regain status as a beneficiary of the estate.  She claimed her father lacked testamentary capacity and had suffered from undue influence at the time he made the last will and testament in the hospital.  The court, however, granted the summary judgment against her upholding the will executed on  the decedent death bed.

The brothers relied on testimony of the treating physician at the time of the father's death, self proving affidavits attached to the will, and other testimony that the father knew what he was doing even though he was extremely ill.  The daughter pointed to the rapid decline of her father in the days before his death.

The case turned on the high standard that the person challenging a will must meet in Georgia to challenge a will.  The fact that the will was made at a time that the decedent was in the hospital was not enough to meet the standards for invalidating the will as the last expression of the testator's desires.

To emphasize the application of this rule, a person need turn no further than to another opinion issued by the Georgia Supreme Court on January 9, 2012.  In Parker v. Kelley, Appeal Case No. S11A1537 (Ga., Jan. 9, 2012), the Court issued a second opinion in the new year relying on the burden of proof to reject a challenge to a will on mental capacity.  Although the fact pattern was slightly different with a different emphasis in the overriding legal authority, the outcome and import was the same.

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Peace and Plenty

So, this is the tranquillity that lies beyond the pale green gate that I showed you in my last post. In our eyes, an unequalled retreat which we find very difficult to leave.

Boscrowan is a 25 acre small holding, located just outside Penzance in far west Cornwall, with two holiday cottages set in the most beautiful gardens. We have been regular visitors here for the last ten years and stay in Peace and Plenty, a two bedroom reversed level barn conversion overlooking the main farmhouse, gardens and orchard. The view of the summer house is my particular pleasure but there is so much more to delight in. Come on in and let me show you...

Our stay started as it always does with a friendly greeting from Boscrowan's owners, Elizabeth and David, followed by the first cream tea of the holiday. Elizabeth is a star baker producing mountainously large but light scones.

A quick tour of the barn and we discovered new complimentary treats that surpassed our high expectations: fresh herbs, a trug of home grown veg, locally produced apple juice and stunning but simply styled fresh cut flowers from the garden.

We think this holiday cottage exceeds where others falter because of the attention to detail: the fluffy white bath robes, stacks of board games and the well-stocked kitchen with its bread maker, food processor and slow cooker. Not exactly minimalist, I agree, but it's these thoughtful touches that make this holiday simply gorgeous.

Handmade soft furnishings by Elizabeth add class and romance to the barn and the wooden kitchen units, made and fitted by a local carpenter, compliment the classic country style. Using Cornish builders and craftsmen, to convert and fit the barn, is a conscious decision to support the local economy. Also, David and Elizabeth's commitment to choosing stylish and robust quality fittings is a lesson in buying to last.

The woodburner was a must for our cold week's stay and a simple daily pleasure was toasting our toes after a long walk. Logs are freely available and we were encouraged to use the stove rather than the central heating.

Peace and Plenty has an impressive array of tourist awards. Particularly inspiring is their Green Tourism Gold award. Elizabeth and David are enthusiastic and passionate about environmental issues and encourage their guests to support this ethos by recycling waste, providing eco friendly household cleaning products, promoting the use of local transport and the purchase of local produce. They are generous hosts and allow guests to borrow from their stock of must have holiday resources such as wellies, bikes, buckets and spades, bodyboards and portable barbecues (non-disposable).

Also, the barn has a picnic hamper and glass water bottles to sample the local soft water.

After months of city living I couldn't wait to don my walking boots and ramble around the gardens. There were fields of early daffodils just coming to an end, camellias bursting into bloom, amazing subtropical plants such as tree ferns, gunneras and a show-stopping statuesque agave. I learnt that this plant flowers once and then dies. A resourceful plant, its leaves, flowers, stalks and sap are edible and the stem can even be used as a didgeridoo once dried out. By the side of the agave is a huge conservatory nursing seedlings and frost prone plants and beyond it you can just see a glimpse of the newly constructed pond which is often visited by a heron.

No wander around Boscrowan is lonely; Jess and Meg (border collies), three cats, ducks and hens all vied for our attention. Bird spotting was another simple pleasure - who needs tv when there is this much entertainment at hand?

Next door to Peace and Plenty is Ring and Thimble. A unique one bedroom thatched cottage complete with an Aga and roll top bath. It's in our plans to stay here sometime - child free. It has great views of the ducks who like to process up and down the grass bank outside.

Boscrowan is a perfect holiday destination for those who enjoy relaxing, nature, walking and simple pleasures like bird watching and cooking. Holidays rearrange my mind and I am now firmly set on enjoying entertainment which costs little money and doesn't centre around shopping. We might not live in the countryside but we are more determined than ever to access our local beauty spots and get outdoors more often.

I leave you with one last image of Peace and Plenty.

After this epic post, I hope you don't mind, I won't be back until Wednesday when it'll be Nature in the home - Cornish style, of course!

  1. That's it I've packed my bags already.

  2. What beautiful photos you have taken. Wow!

    This sounds like an incredible place to stay, no wonder you return. And isn't West Cornwall wonderful, we never tire of it.

    Sft x

  3. It's a dream of mine to one day run such a place in West Cornwall.

    I'm glad you had such a perfect holiday.

    Leanne xx

  4. This place looks so idyllic. Your photos are fabulous - they should use them for promotion pictures.

    If I ever make it across the pond I'm going to look into a stay there.

  5. This looks absolutely fantastic, beautiful photos.

    That really is the sort of holiday to re-charge your batteries with :-)

  6. Thanks Claire for showing us what lay beyond the open gate. The charming cottage is well named and I'm so pleased you had such a wonderful holiday.

  7. This all looks and sounds so wonderful - I just adore the look of english cottages and gardens. Funny how we both recharged away from our city dwellings around easter time with animals and land around us. (thank you for your very kind words on my latest post, it made me feel enveloped in warmth). x

  8. Wow, absolutely stunning. And such a lovely ethic as well, supporting the local economy and living with nature. Beautiful.

  9. Wow, what I'd give to stay there! :)

  10. what a gorgeous place, all you could wish for! and such scones...mmm! Emmax

  11. That looks a wonderful place to stay with every need catered for. We found a wonderful place to stay in Devon over 15 years ago and have visited it just as many times. There is nothing like going back to the same place each year and the owners feel more like part of our family after so long!
    Sarah x

  12. Perfect! This reminds me of a few years ago when my spouse and I stayed at a National Trust cottage at Nymans Wood.

  13. What a perfection, my sort of place to go on holiday.

  14. It looks idyllic Claire. Your photos are beautiful...a wonderful advertisement for the place!x

  15. Oh it looks wonderful! A real haven and retreat. Lovely photos too, by the way. Love that one of your feet in socks in front of the fire. x

  16. Wow, this place looks wonderful! Your pictures are great too :)

Thanks for reading and leaving your comments. Keep in touch xo


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Wednesday, September 7, 2011

#104 McKown

This episode I talk about David Garrard getting cut and Luke McCown getting named the starting qb for opening day. Also it's sad to say that McCown was a trending topic on Twitter but as #McKown. Seems like nobody knows you to spell his name right.

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« KadmusArts Community ForumFestivals and EventsConversationsCome Play, Pitch, Party & Path Find At The Independent Music Fest / Nashville »

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  Come Play, Pitch, Party & Path Find At The Independent Music Fest / Nashville
« on: July 15, 2012, 01:17:14 PM » by popcorn

Indie Music people from all points North, South, East and West will converge in Nashville, Tennessee, October 5, 6 & 7, 2012 for the Independent Music Fest Nashville. Three days of music experiences where memories of a lifetime are created in a weekend on Music Row. Choose to perform as an Artist seeking new material or singer songwriter looking for cuts. Let your hair down at the Indie Music Masquerade where there will be dancing, food and fun! Or visit the Music Specialty Info Areas and Path Find to define your music future.
We're having a Pitch Fest. Come play or hang on multiple indoor stages as a performing artist or singer songwriter. The goal of the event is to pair performing artist with original songwriters who have the types of material the Artist are seeking for their Acts. By mixing the two together, we hope to get writers products directly in the hands of others who are working shows. This is Music Row and Music City, USA, so don't be shy!
Mid way thru the Fest on Saturday evening the event host an Indie Music Masquerade Gala. People are encouraged to come as they "ARE NOT" and hide behind a mask. With mask donned and costumes on, let the party begin. There will also be a silent auction, raffles and prizes.
Attend the Music Specialty Info Areas all three days asking the questions you want, about what you want, when you want and help define your career path. Sharpen the tools you need to be a serious Indie!
All festival badge holders are automatically registered to attend and participate in all Performing or Non Performing / Industry opportunities, Specialty Needs Areas and Masquerade Gala at the Fest. Go to one or all at your own pace!
Registration Is Open. We would like to invite everyone out there who either is an Indie music professional or is trying to be one. Visit www.IndependentMusicFest.org Email Popcorn@IndependentMusicFest.org or Call 615-424-1491

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Kailua Accomodations

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Many of these locations are right on Kailua Beach, or within walking distance of the beach.  You can swim, surf, kayak, snorkel, kite surf or sunbath with three miles of white sand and turquoise water.

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Sunday, December 13, 2015

Weekly Weigh In | Week 2

Hello, hello! Welcome to my second weekly weigh in. I've got weight and I've got last week's weigh in for easy comparison.

This week, I weighed in at: 379.4. Sigh. Okay. It's a small loss, but a loss. I'll take it.
I won't check my measurements every week. I think I'll do that once a month or so. I don't think it will be helpful to measure myself every week because right now it's not going to change much, if at all.

Last week, I weighed in at: 380lbs.
Neck: 18
Bust: 58
Waist: 52
Hip: 66
Upper Arm: 22
Lower Arm: 13
Wrist: 8
Thigh: 31
Calf: 23
Ankle: 12.5

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Search Online Job Listings

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Friday, March 10, 2017

Karen Tucci Beauty Makeup Tip #1

Happy Friday friends!  I hope you are all having a great week!  I know I am ready for the weekend and I am sure you all are too :)  I wanted to share with you an exciting new blog series that I am launching today...Karen Tucci Beauty Makeup Tips.  As a leader in the direct sales beauty industry, it is my goal to help women feel more confidant every day and by doing so, I absolutely love sharing my favorite beauty and makeup tips.  I plan on sharing my best makeup and beauty tips often so be sure to check back periodically to check out my latest tips.
Have a great weekend!!

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For even more tips for your Direct Sales business, follow me on Instagram,Twitter,Facebook,

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Monday, 7 January 2013

Felt Muslim Doll and Prayer Mat Tutorial

I made the Muslim Doll and Prayer Mat after seeing a photograph of some on the internet and thought they looked so cute!
The photograph below shows the original photograph that I saw. This photograph has appeared on many internet sites but unfortunately I can not seem to find out where the photograph originated from. Therefore I can't give the person who made them, the credit for their inspiration they gave me. If I get inspiration for my crafts I always like to personally send a message to thank them and ask permission to show their photograph but I have been unable to do this for this project.
The photograph below show a brief collage of how I made the doll and mat. I didn't use eyes and mouth as the original photo as that is my preference - but if you wish you could add these onto them.
  • 2 Pieces of different colored Felt
  • Stuffing
  • Needle and Threads
  • Scissors
Step 1: Cut out the Pieces that you need for the Prayer Mat. Look at the photograph below to judge which pieces need to be bigger. If it helps draw out a paper template first. 1 large Rectangle Piece, 1 slightly smaller rectangle, 2 arch shapes - 1 smaller than the other, 3 very small window shapes.
Step 2: Attach the windows and the small arch to the large arch - using blanket stitch.
Step 3: Attach the large arch to the smallest rectangle - using blanket Stitch
Step 4: Attach the smallest rectangle to the largest Rectangle - using blanket stitch. You now have the finished prayer mat.
Step 5: Cut out the Pieces you need for the Muslima Doll. Again judge the dimensions by looking at the photograph below and draw a paper template first if needed. 2 identical rectangle pieces (for the body), 2 identical hijab shapes, 1 circle (for the bottom of the doll) - the photo below is missing the circle - sorry see other photo below as I made the circle last as not sure what size it was going to be until I put the doll together! - see step 10). 1 oval shape for the face shape.
  Before you start your sewing, you could place them together as below to make sure that they are going to look right - if not adjust the sizing of the pieces of felt.
Step 6  Attach the oval face shape to one of the hijab pieces - I used a blanket stitch.
Step 7: I attached the pointy part of the hijab to one piece of the body (do this 2 time for each side)
Step 8: Then place both sewed parts together and blanket Stitch all the way around the doll - leaving the bottom part open.

Step 9: Place some stuffing into the doll - decide yourself how much you want to put inside.
Step 10: Attach the circle shape to the bottom of the doll. I judged the size of the circle by placing the stuffed doll onto paper and drew around it to get the correct size paper pattern.
Your Doll and Prayer Mat are now finished.  This craft project could also be done by children who are confident with sewing. My 10 year old is able to make these as she knows how to blanket stitch.

  1. That's so cute. I've always been curious about these dolls after seeing the photo a while back (I've got no idea where it came from either).

    Your instructions and step by step pics actually make it look do-able, even for a novice like me! I'd love to try it one day. Thanks!

    1. I am glad you like it - My instructions are for a slightly different doll than the original photo going around the internet - but they work for me.

  2. with due respect sis u need to take off the eyes, mouth, & nose as u will be asked by Allah wa ta'ala to bring these dolls alive

    1. That is why when I make them myself I prefer not to put the face.

  3. Ooohhhh, this is brilliant, even if it was not your original idea. I love how you made it simple for us to make one also. JazakAllah Khayrm!

  4. Assalaamu alaikum

    These are so cute :)

  5. Assalaamu'alaykum sis, jazakAllah Khayr for the tutorial.

    Sis what did you use to stuff it? Will cotton wool do the job?
    I realise its something so simple, but what is a blanket stitch? is it just loop around the seams? JazakAllah khayr.

    1. Salam Alykom,

      You can use a polyfill stuffing, I find this works really well. A blanket stitch is rather hard to explain. It is simple to do, just hard to explain with words. I would recommend going to youtube to watch a video on how they do it. :)

  6. Maashaa Allaah, these are so cute. I will make these together with my 6 yrs old inshaa Allaah, when she's done with her current sewing project.

    Jazaakillaahu khayran for sharing.

  7. assalam, well done. :)
    me from malaysia :)

  8. ughti, assalaam alaykum wa rahamtullahi wa barakatuh.
    I think i have found the craft-"mother" of the original dolls. The dolls seem to be called something along the lines of kawaii. I did a picture search and ended up on this blog entry: however, when i follow the link given there to "coocoocafe" blog, it seems like the blog is closed. the person who made the original dolls seems to be a japanese muslimah. via this link: you can get onto her suspended blog and find an e-mail address for contact in shaa Allah. But well, maybe you had found the same info already in the meantime. Hope it helps anyway. jazak'Allah ghair for sharing your and her dolls. they look amazing, masha'Allah. for my children and the ones of a friend (as a surprise) i am making a craft box with all sorts of ramadan crafts for each day of the blessed month. in shaa Allah they will all learn a lot and get creative (that includes making the dolls ! in shaa Allah).
    salaam alaykum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh

  9. Salam Karima,

    Please give the credit to "Coocoo"; that's me. You can find my profile on Etsy.

    Here's my profile:
    And here were my sales:

    My Esty shop is currently closed because I am developing an updated product - a variation on these dolls. I will be releasing the new dolls, hopefully, insha'Allah, in the next three months on my Etsy shop. Please watch out for them!

  10. Salam Karima,

    Please give credit to "Coocoo"; that's me
    Here is my profile:

    I used to sell them on Etsy, but have since discontinued them. Here is evidence of my previous sales:

    I am currently updating the design and making new ones to sell again on my Etsy shop. Hopefully I will be able to release them within the next three months. Please watch out for them on my shop (currently closed, but will open this year, iA!):

    1. Glad to eventually know who made the original ones! Glad to be able to show and give you the credit for my inspiration! :)

  11. Hi, what a great idea thanks for sharing. Could I just pick your brains on a quick question - Would it be appropriate for me, as a non-muslim, to put facial features on the dolls? I want to use them in a classroom with non-muslim children but it would be wrong of me to teach the children something which others might find offensive. Thanks once again for such a lovely post!

  12. These are too cute! I pinned the original but never made them with your steps I think I can do it! Thanks so much. Please, sister, how big are these? I work better with measurements, :)

I love to receive messages, I will try to reply as soon as possible.


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ic Kathe With an E: You're Gonna Love It Link Party

Monday, February 23, 2015

You're Gonna Love It Link Party

Welcome back to another fun week of sharing your links as well as visiting other links for inspiration! Thank you for all of the get well wishes.  This upper respiratory crud has really hit us hard!  Going into week two and we are all still hacking away. Luckily, we had a snowstorm over the weekend so, we had the perfect excuse to just plant our behinds on the couches and sleep when we needed. I would say that I am at about 90% of my usual perky self. Here's hoping that continues to rise as the week progresses. Congested or not, I still wanna party so, let's get this one started!

It's Time For
The Features of the Week
We had a tie for most viewed last week!  First up, Suzy showed us some pretty cool art using beans!
I am totally going to give this a try to make some art for my craft room!

Next, Heather worked some incredible magic to bring this vintage chair back to life.
Swoon worthy I'm telling you!!

My pick of the week comes via Patricia.  Patricia formerly hailed from New York but, now lives in Colorado!  We hope to meet up soon one of these days! Anywho, Patricia took us on a tour of the Morgan Library & Museum.
After seeing the photos, I so want to go here!  I could leave Mr. B in the library while I wander through the museum.  Win-win!

If you have been featured here, or over at my crazy talented co-hort Kim's blog, (she has a different Pick of the Week so go check it out...was it you?) make sure to grab an I've Been Featured button here.

Just a reminder: IF you follow me on Facebook you get first notice of this party going live each week.  Plus, I share some pretty funny and awesome stuff on my page too!

Now, are you ready to party??
Here are the rules:

Feel free to link up anything you have created. Recipes, decor, crafts, written or photographed. Anything you are so proud of you just gotta share it with others.
I will reserve the option of deleting any post that I do not feel fits the
theme of my blog. You can follow Kim & me on social media, but it NOT required. (We want you to follow us because you want to, not because you have to.)
Kathe: Facebook / Twitter / Pinterest / Instagram / Google+
Kim: Facebook / Twitter / Pinterest / Instagram / Google+
We would love it if you would link back in some way so that others come and party with us. Either grab the the party button or add my blog link to your blog party page. Again, it is not a requirement.
The Kim Six Fix
We do ask that you do not link up Giveaways, Etsy Shops or anything for sale. Save those posts for the first Tuesday of the month when, Anything Goes!

We will reserve the option of deleting any post the we do not feel fits the theme of our blogs.

*By linking up your post, you are giving Kathe With An E and/ or The Kim Six Fix permission to use your photos as a feature on their blogs and other social media outlets.

  1. Thanks so much for the party Kathe ... have a wonderful week x

  2. Thanks for the party Kathe !
    I find colds and viruses last forever lately - they're not the same " strain " they used to be that's for sure!
    Hope you're on the tail end of it now !
    Rest - sleep - read

  3. Wow! Thank you so much for the feature! Totally made my day!

  4. Hi Kathe,
    Hope you and your family will be feeling much better soon and thanks so much for the party!
    Miz Helen

  5. Hope health returns soon! Thanks to the two of you for hosting.

  6. Thanks so much for the party! Feel better soon, Kathe!:)

  7. I hope you and your family are doing better and that your interview went well. Thank you for the linky.

  8. Thanks for hosting this party (:

  9. This comment has been removed by the author.

  10. This comment has been removed by the author.

  11. Hello Gorgeous! I always love coming to your party. Thank you for hosting. We would love it if you would stop by our party. That would be amazing! Happy Tuesday! Lou Lou Girls

  12. Thanks so much for the kind words about our chrome chair, Kathe. Sorry that you're under the weather...let's just hope that spring is right around the corner!!!

  13. Ugh! We've been going thru our share of colds as well! Hope you're on the mend and thanks for hosting a great party!

  14. I'm new here and am excited to participate in this lively party for the first time. Thank you for hosting!

  15. Thanks for hosting an awesome party. Hope to see you this week at Funtastic Friday.

Thank so much for taking the time to leave a comment...your comment makes my heart smile ♥


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Monday, November 10, 2014

Burn permit still in effect in KCK

From the KCK Fire Department:
The National Weather Service forecast for today November 8, 2013 indicates high winds for the majority of the day causing concerning for outdoor fires. The Kansas City Kansas Fire Department asks that all residents who have burn permits for today refrain from any outdoor burning until further notice.

Any residence whose three (3) day burn permit that expires today, can go to their nearest Fire Station to request a burn permit for whenever the burn ban is lifted. Outdoor burn permits must be issued twenty-four (24) hours before the three (3) day burn permit starts.


text: An old Kings boy, Jack started rowing in the fourth form and rowed at the school for 5 years until he graduated in 2012. He represented the school at multiple national competitions, winning a Gold Medal at the 2009 National School’s Regatta and the 2010 Schools Head of the River Race. Jack finished his school rowing as Captain of Boats in 2012, and was a member of the School 1st 8 that came 2nd in 1st 8s at the School’s Head and won Gold in the Child Beale Cup for 1st 8s at the National Schools’ Regatta. Jack also represented the school at prestigious events such as the GB U16 Trials, the Men’s Eight’s Head of the River Race and Henley Royal Regatta. After finishing school, Jack took a Gap Year to coach rowing at St Peter’s School in Cambridge, New Zealand. At the time St Peter’s was the holder of the Star Trophy for the Top School at the New Zealand Secondary Schools’ Championships. Jack was involved in coaching a number of crews that achieved top ten placings and medals across a range of ages at the 2013 North Island Secondary Schools’ Championships and New Zealand Secondary Schools’ Championships.


text:
Up Streaming

Up Streaming is a term being used more and more frequently. It effectively means reaching the source rather than treating the source.

I heard this parable recently at a Charity lunch. The story tells of three friends walking alongside the river who saw a group of young people swimming. The children were unaware that down stream was a waterfall, but the three friends immediately saw the danger.

One of the three jumped in and started to bring the kids to safety – the second started to build a raft to rescue more – the third however, ignored the children and set off upstream. What are you doing said the other two? We need to save the children! Disappearing upstream he said we need to stop the source or many more children will lose their lives.

The moral to the story is obvious; if we do not find the source of our problems, we could go on and on making the same mistakes. It’s a little like our Fitness Industry giving our customers more and more equipment and classes, but less and less of customer interaction.

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- author Jackie French

Sunday, 14 July 2019

Review: Roald Dahl's Creative Writing with The BFG

Learning how to write splendid settings is the core of this instructive and interactive book. But there is more to it than settings.

It encourages children to explore their imagination and through the activities, feel confident in creating and building their own stories.

It presents examples on how to use unusual language to make writing sparkle with interest.

Short excerpts from The BFG are used as a way to string examples together and preserve continuity through the book.

The exercises/brainstorming activities set up each separate section of clearly defined grammar and writing advice.

These gradually move on to other areas, with ideas on how to incorporate each learning experience in the writing.

The use of adjectives, synonyms, made-up hyphenated words, comparisons and similes, the importance of engaging the senses, and using the emotions to be descriptive, are each in turn, the nuts and bolts of the exercises.

There are tips on the significance of names and how they can be composed of two significant words, and a guide to mapping out a story with stress on the importance of sticking to the map. Point of view is explained while inventiveness is seen as a writer’s best asset. Beautifully designed and filled with illustrations by Quentin Blake, this book will stimulate the mind of any budding writer.

A whole page of Top Tips winds up this valuable resource for children with dreams of becoming writers, or for anyone who wants to refine their story-telling skills. Adults that have difficulties with structure and settings will find the simple ideas extremely helpful and easy to implement as these types of books have no age limit to their instruction.

Title: Roald Dahl’s Creative Writing with The BFG
Author: Jo Nelson
Illustrator: Quentin Blake
Publisher: Penguin Random House, $9.99
Publication Date: 5 February 2019
Format: Paperback
ISBN: 9780241384572
For ages: 8+
Type: Non-Fiction

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text:
Cystic Fibrosis

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is the most common life-threatening genetic disorder affecting Australian children.

CF affects all parts of the body, but mainly damages the lungs and digestive system. Over time, the lungs become increasingly affected by inflammation and respiratory function is significantly reduced. There are a number of treatments available to reduce the problems caused by the condition, but average life expectancy is ultimately compromised. At present there is no cure.

Sydney Children's Hospitals Network has research centres at both major paediatric hospitals, the miCF Research Centre at Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, and the Respiratory Medicine Research group at The Children's Hospital at Westmead.

Our researchers are actively involved in CF research and clinical trials, testing the safety and efficacy of novel therapies and interventions for CF, as well as investigating how CF affects the respiratory, digestive and endocrine systems.

Through our research in these areas we aim to find a cure for CF.


text:
Dublin economy back at peak levels

Thursday, April 23, 2015

  • Dublin leads the national recovery with further improvement expected over the next 12 months
The first Dublin Economic Monitor has been launched today. It is a joint initiative of the four Dublin local authorities. The Monitor, the first of its kind to look exclusively at the Dublin City region, tracks 15 key economic indicators, capturing data from the height of the boom to the economic crash and the subsequent recovery.
The decision to commission the Dublin Economic Monitor reflects the enhanced role of local authorities in the area of economic development and enterprise support, in line with the local government reform programme.

For many of these indicators, Dublin is now back at or near its peak position.
Key facts:

  • Employment: Unemployment in Dublin is down to 8.9% from a high of 13%. Employment in services, which dominate the Dublin economy, is almost back to peak levels.
  • Housing: Dublin’s housing market is showing signs of stabilisation on the foot of Central Bank intervention; however residential rents continue to climb.
  • Commercial Property: Office rents are up strongly, while office vacancy rates have fallen significantly.
  • Public Transport: Increase in public transport trips reflects the improving economy.
  • Airport Arrivals: Dublin Airport arrivals are returning to peak levels.
  • Port Traffic: Dublin Port traffic back at peak levels.
  • Consumer Sentiment: KBC/ESRI Dublin Consumer Sentiment Index is at its highest level in the 12 year history of the series. 68% of Dublin consumers expect the economic situation to improve in the next 12 months.
  • Business Output: MARKIT Dublin PMI signals a sharp increase in business output during the first quarter 2015; new business orders have now risen in ten successive quarters for Dublin based firms.
  • Job Creation: Dublin companies continue to increase staffing levels with strong levels of job creation recorded in Q1 2015.

The Dublin Economic Monitor will be published online every quarter. DKM Consultants were engaged to produce the Monitor. KBC/ESRI were engaged to develop the Dublin consumer sentiment data and MARKIT to develop a new Dublin Purchasing Manager Index (PMI).

Dublin as a region has a pivotal part to play in driving national economic development – this cannot be overemphasised. It competes with other cities in Europe and further afield for foreign direct investment.  It is essential that we maintain a strong focus on maintaining and enhancing Dublin’s attractiveness and competitiveness as a location in which to do business, to live and work in.

The Dublin Economic Monitor is intended to address the absence of a regular report on trends in the Dublin economy. It is aimed at businesses currently operating in Dublin and those considering locating here in the future. It provides a solid overview of how the Dublin economy is performing by tracking key economic indicators from employment to housing to consumer sentiment.

John Lawlor, Director of DKM Economic Consultants said: “The Economic Monitor captures Dublin as it re-emerges from the worst recession in a generation. Leaner and more competitive, it is reasserting its role as the powerhouse of the Irish economy, and one of the most vibrant cities globally.”

Austin Hughes, Chief Economist KBC Bank Ireland said: “Dublin consumer sentiment improved quite sharply in early 2015 as optimism about economic conditions increased and the outlook for jobs brightened.”

Andrew Harker, Senior Economist at Markit said: “The Dublin PMI data point to another strong performance of the local economy during the first three months of the year. While rates of expansion generally slowed, it should be noted that this easing was from near-record highs seen at the end of 2014.”

Access to the full report is provided by clicking on the following link:

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text:
Adrenal Recovery Soup

Adrenal Recovery Soup – Our glands may be tiny, but they have powerful abilities to affect how we feel each day and how we manage what comes our way in life. You may have heard of the terms, “adrenal burn-out” or “adrenal fatigue” which mean that the glands have been exhausted beyond their daily duties.

A diet high in stress-inducing chemicals, sugars and certain other properties directly affect your glands. They can disrupt your sleep, hormone function, and your weight and mood.

When you are not feeling your best the food choices you make become even more important to your health. Especially when your adrenals respond to stress your cell metabolism speeds up, burning many more nutrients normally needed. With adrenal fatigue, the cells have used up much of the body’s stored nutrients, creating a nutritional void. Good healthy food is the best source for replenishing these nutrients.
So something you can do right now to improve your diet and support your adrenals is start adding in our ‘Adrenal Recovery Soup’.
If you are suffering from fatigue, when you eat is very important. By eating healthy food at frequent and regular intervals. This can help avoid low blood sugar and make a difference in your health and energy levels.

Adrenal Fatigue Diet Tips

  • Eat breakfast within 1 hour of waking – don’t leave it too long to get your cortisol levels into gear.
  • Don’t skip meals especially breakfast – you need to get your blood sugars up at the beginning of the day.
  • Don’t wait too long to eat meals with adrenal fatigue, the body has a difficult time storing energy, to eat smaller meals at regular intervals.
Make this delicious recovery soup recipe for a healthy recovery from fatigue. A 100% healthy choice to assist with recovery. A vegetable soup proved helpful in restoring adrenal function. Plus it’s low-cal, packed with vitamins and healthy.

Try this home recipe to help boost your health –

Recipre from Elaine

Print Recipe
Adrenal Recovery Soup
  1. Sauté your onion, garlic, coriander & olive oil Add in your courgette, celery, smoked paprika, green beans and sauté for 10mins Add in your chopped tomatoes and your vegetable stock ( We recommend using the Kallo yeast, gluten and lactose-free stock cube, also free from MSG) Bring to the boil and simmer for 20mins
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text:
Kite Vault

Color Pop

Video Editor

Kite Vault

Color Pop

Video Editor

Scroll to explore

New release

The brand new app we've published on the App Store.

Baby Snaps

20+ different text styles. Endless randomization for each style.

100+ Filters for your photo to make it outstanding.

Edit your photo with Brightness, Saturation, Contrast, Hue, Sharpen, Warmify & RGB.

200+ different amazing doodles. More being added all the times.

our apps

Here are the most popular apps of Kite Games Studio available right now worldwide.

Color Pop

Photo Editor

Add Music To Video

Intro Maker & Movie Editing

Sweet Text

Story Maker & GIF

Slideshow Maker

with Music App

Video Editor

Movie Maker

Baby Snaps

Photo editor

About Us

We are a team of tech enthusiasts who like to develop ground breaking apps for iOS & Android. Kite Games Studio was founded in 2014 with a vision of developing softwares & games with bleeding edge technology. We have millions of users all around the globe & always working hard to make the most remarkable apps for our beloved users. So, despite all our hard work, we are always researching on the most tough problems to solve & looking forward to change the world a bit all the way from Bangladesh.

our Team

Here are the tech enthusiasts behind all the cutting edge apps.

These posts are open right now. Eligible candidates can apply to be a part of the family.

Vacancy: 4

We are the leading mobile application development firm in Bangladesh. One of our apps reached top 40 Apps in iOS Appstore!

Job Responsibilities:

1. Understand properly development processes or development stages

2. Understand properly SDLC and coordinate with other members of the team.

3. Analyze the requirements and understand the deliverables

4. Code according to software design specifications following standard coding styles and practices.

5. Seek out new technologies and ideas to add value to project

6. Participate in testing process through unit testing and bug fixes.

7. Participate in daily scrum meetings

8. Participate in sprint planning

9. Work closely with the Architecture Team to ensure architectural integrity and product quality.

10. Work closely with the QA team, Product Management team, and Research

11. Development manager to ensure quality and punctual software development

12. Meet deadlines and achieve intended results.

Employment Status: Full-time

Educational Requirements: B.Sc in Computer Science & Engineering from any renowned university

Additional Requirements:

  • Must have ACM problem solving skill. Those who have solved 700+ ACM problems will get preference.
  • Good score on HackerRank, Codeforces, Codechef, Light OJ and UVA Online Judge or any other problem solving sites will be considered as a plus.
  • Clear concept of Object Oriented Programming.
  • Experience with MVC frameworks.
  • Knowledge of algorithms and excellent problem-solving capability.

Compensation & other benefits:

1. Weekly 5 working days

2. Friendly environment

3. Lunch & snacks offered by office

4. Recreation facility (Table tennis and Play Station 4)

5. Public Holidays

6. Festival & Performance bonus

7. Yearly Official Tour

Job Nature: Full-time
Age: Na

Job Location: Dhaka Division
Salary: Negotiable

Mobile Apps UI/UX Designer
Kite Games Studio Ltd.

Must be familiar with Flat Design & Mobile Applications Latest Design Trends.

Job Responsibilities

Research current design, graphics trends, color, and technology in smartphone applications sector
Create innovative and world-class designs for iPhone Applications
Creative & professional icon design
Utilize advanced graphic design skills to create original innovative designs
Work closely with Application Developers to ensure application quality and meet deadlines

Employment Status: Full-time

Educational Requirements

Bachelor/ Masters of Computer Science & Engineering or Bachelor of Fine Arts/ Masters of Fine Arts.
(Educational Qualification will be relaxed for experienced Graphics Designer)

Experience Requirements

At least 3 year(s)

The applicants should have experience in the following area(s):
Art & Sketch, Graphic Design (Computer Aided)

Additional Requirements:
Both males and females are allowed to apply.
Professional experience and expert knowledge in Photoshop, Illustrator
Creative and Imaginative and understanding of Color and Form
Good communication skills
Self-Enthusiasm and able to work as part of a team
Ability to communication visually and convert concepts in to design
Must be able to handle multiple projects
Need to have aesthetic sense and be creative to produce idea and concepts
Strong conceptual skills, sophisticated design sensibilities
Ability to offer a variety of design solutions
Professional attitude in design works

Job Location

Salary: Negotiable

Compensation & other benefits

5 working days
Friendly environment
Lunch & snacks offered by office
Recreation facility (Table tennis and Play Station 4)
Public Holidays
Festival & Performance bonus
Yearly Official Tour

Contact us

Ask any query about Kite Games Studio.

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House No. 283, Road No. 19/C, Mohakhali DOHS, Dhaka, Bangladesh


text:
Municipal Roof Dominated Discussion at Manor Meeting

Repairs and alterations are planned for the roof on the municipal building in Manor Township, according to supervisors at last night’s meeting.

The roof was the topic of two items on last night’s agenda at the Manor Township supervisors’ public meeting.

For the past few months, township workers have tried to repair the roof on the municipal building, but it continues to leak.

“The roof has been leaking for six months,” Supervisor Don Palmer said. “We had it repaired at one point, but now it is leaking again. We need to get it fixed before winter time and we have further damage.”

Indeed, water has come down through the ceiling in one of the restrooms, causing damage to the wall that will need to also be repaired once the roof conundrum is over.

Supervisor Bob Southworth blamed shoddy workmanship when the building was erected. He said the original warranty on the roof has expired.

“There is a gap somewhere and we can’t find it,” Southworth admitted. “We had a contractor up there. But we need to find someone who is a roofing contractor who specializes in steel roofs to come here and fix it.”

Palmer said he was concerned that mold would be developing above the ceiling.

“I agree with Bob. We need to get someone who understands this type of roof to find this problem.”

Southworth said he can look up into the ceiling and show where damage is  being done.

“There is a seam we cannot find that is leaking in that spot. Someone can come in who knows that type of roof overlay and look at it,” Southworth said.

Alterations to one side of the roof is also being planned when supervisors decide on a contractor for a 12-feet-by-24-feet addition.

Palmer said last night that he was shocked to find out that an addition he thought would cost in the neighborhood of $25,000 was bid by one contractor at nearly $200,000.

Supervisors held a lively discussion on how to proceed with the process. One thought was to have Senate Engineering come in, draw up bid specifications, and bid out the project. However Southworth felt that since several contractors had already taken time to develop a price, others should be given the same opportunity.

Supervisors agreed to develop the bid specifications themselves and to bid out the project among those who already submitted bids and others who want to give a price for the work.

Southworth said that some of the work, such as removal of shrubs, digging a footer, and general landscaping could be done by township workers rather than paying a contractor to have that work done.

The new addition would house an “evidence room” that must meet specific specifications according to new government guidelines.


text:
Busan Begins

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What a wonderful weekend it's been!  After a nice, quiet Friday night I woke up early Saturday morning and hopped the bus to West Busan to start my move into my new apartment.  Two suitcases and a duffel bag later I landed in Hwamyeong-dong, dropped my luggage, and headed over to Lotte Mart to grab some essentials (Cereal, Milk, Fruits, Veggies, and Beer, of course!).  Having met a new Canadian friend last week we already had plans to head to the Soccer Game so we (A - the girl who lived in my apartment before me) packed up and met the group at the subway.  We ended up being a group of about 10 people by the time the match began, and an eclectic group of hilarious personalities meant that there were many, many laughs throughout the game.

Tickets were only KRW 10,000 (about $11.35 Canadian) and we were allowed to bring food and drinks into the stadium.  I saw people with full large-sized pizzas walking into the game, which made me want pizza in a bad, bad way.  The next game is March 21st (and I have 3 free tickets from some fortune cookies they were handing out - huzzah!) so perhaps that will be on the prep agenda.

The speakers in this former World Cup facility were incredibly loud.  There was lots of fanfare (and fireworks!) to start the game against Daejon.

The Half-Time show was...interesting.  There were some dancers with pompoms in quite a state of undress, followed by some AWESOME kids doing a Taekwondo demonstration to music that sounded like a combination of Queen, David Bowie, and Michael Jackson.  It was epic.

Busan scored late in the game and the crowd went wild.  To be fair, every time Busan got close to scoring a goal the crowd reacted (everyone would jump up and scream and the band - yes there was a band - would play excitedly).  Overall?  Great experience with great people.  I can most definitely picture going to many more games especially as the weather heats up.

By the time the game ended we were hungry and excited to go snack on some local fare.  We decided to go to Seomyeon for Jjimdak (thanks, Alice!) to introduce us newcomers to just one of the many "downtown" areas of Busan.

The food was tasty (and spicy!) and I was surprised a few times by the bones throughout.  The noodles in the dish weren't really necessary with the rice, and since there were potatoes in the stew it was a pretty carb-heavy meal.  3 of those bowls shared among 10 people was way too much food, but we still managed to head over for my first taste of Bingsu (or Bing-soo)!

We went to Mango Monster so, of course, we had to try the Mango flavour.  We also decided to get a Cappuccino because 1 order was just not enough for 6 girls on a mission!

I didn't really understand why some places advertise Bingsu as "snow".  It's either shaved ice or shaved frozen milk, but realistically it tastes like flavoured snow.  I think I tried to market something similar when I was about 5 but it just became grape juice-infused Canadian winter snow.  Not quite the same.

After dessert we went into a few makeup shops as one of the girls in our group loves nail polish - I feel we should probably focus on that next time we shop together because the girl knows how to use bold colours that pop perfectly together.

The desire to meet new people in my new city was strong, so when we found out that there was a pub crawl in the Kyungsung University district we hmm-ed and hawed and decided that despite the long cab ride home (long as in KRW 30,000 which is less than a ride home to downtown from Yonge and Eglinton in Toronto so...) we would go.  I actually met a girl from UBC Music (she's a pianist so I'm hoping that we can pick up some sheet music and rock - er...Opera out together!) as well as some other EPIK (a public school English Program) expats that live up around Hwamyeong.  Hwamyeong is not the most convenient spot in Busan, but my apartment in large and clean and the area has everything I could need so I'm pretty happy!

The first bar we went to was called Eva's Ticket.  I was really happy to have a fellow Canadian with us who has been in Busan for a few months now and could show us around.  The pub crawl was organized by a guy from Ottawa who seems to organize a lot of events for expats (not just parties - trips to local festivals, etc. as well).  Canadian and American jerseys and flags were tacked to the ceiling.  These were the first of many to come over the 5 bars to which we traveled.

We got our passes stamped and since we were a little fashionably Kate to the party we decided to mosey on to the next bar where an expat Rugby team had already started drinking pretty heavily.  This is where we actually got to sit down and have some decent conversations.  Ultimately we didn't  stay super long because there were another 3 bars to hit up on our journey.

The next bar ("Drunken Master") was playing Jackie Chan movies, had darts DIRECTLY in the middle of the establishment, and was incredibly slammed.  They had some drinking games that we didn't actually stick around for, and they handed out some sweet chili nachos for which I would most definitely go back!  The staff were busy, but still managed to provide great quality guest service in a mess of drunken expats.  It was best to observe seeing as we had a bit of a trek back to Hwammy and still 2 bars to go.

Blue Monkey was where things got a even more interesting.  We were pacing our drinks seeing as we had had a pretty long day thus far (and because we no longer have the excuse of being barely 19), but I don't think that the rest of the group got the memo.  There were stripper poles EVERYWHERE and people (fully clothed, of course) were having a very, very good time whirling themselves around the poles and nearly flinging themselves onto the dancefloor.  It was great entertainment, and I was really glad we snagged a table so we could rest our feet and watch the show(s).

Last, but not least, was Eva's (just Eva's this time!) which was the last stop.  We handed in our passport stamp cards and waited for a draw.  I managed to win some beers next time we're in the KSU area and at Eva's (woohoo!) and found out that a girl in our pub crawl trip from Hwamyeong is actually a sister (Kappa Alpha Theta from a chapter in California).  Greek life works in mysterious ways, doesn't it?

All in all this was a wicked night and I'm so glad to have met these amazing people.  A couple of them are leaving soon, but others are just starting their Korea adventure and I can't wait to learn more about them while discovering this country that is so rich in history and culture.

The Toronto Socialite
That Girl Cartier

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text:
Lee Kun-hee, Samsung Gets Back at Apple
Lee Kun-hee, Samsung Gets Back at Apple
  • Kim Yea-rim
  • 승인 2011.04.24 03:45
  • 댓글 0
이 기사를 공유합니다

Apple has sued Samsung, claiming that Samsung has copied the design of the iPad and iPhone for its range of Galaxy smartphones and tablets. Apple was Samsung's second-largest client last year, buying chips, screens and other components. After a week following the lawsuit by Apple, Samsung stepped up and countersued Apple for violating patents covering cell phone transmission technologies.

Samsung Electronics Chairman, Lee Kun-hee commented about the lawsuit, when he made a rare appearance at Samsung Electronics building located in Seocho-dong on April, 21, 2011. Mr. Lee came to the office around 10 in the morning and had lunch with the team managers of the Future Strategy Department, which was launched last year in order to prepare Samsung for the next 60 years. When he was looking around the public relations office of Samsung Delight, a reporter asked, "How do you like the office" He answered, "The Building is nice and I will be reporting on general things about the group."

In regarding the current situation with Apple, he remarked by saying, "It is not only Apple, but even those outside the IT industry trying to keep Samsung at bay. It's a matter of wanting to hammer in a protruding nail."

In fact, legal battles between tech companies are quite common to happen. However, since Samsung and Apple seem to get along by respecting each other's boundaries, the battle between these rival companies does stand out. In a statement, Samsung said, "The lawsuit is to protect our intellectual property and to ensure our continued innovation and growth in the mobile communications business." Also, according to Samsung, "The technology patent is for energy-efficient data transmission, 3G technology that decreases the number of data-transmission errors, and a means for using a phone to provide a PC with a wireless connection."

Meanwhile, market experts see this situation as Apple's attempt in order to keep its competitor in check. It is because Samsung has emerged as a rival with its Galaxy series. Even though Samsung's Galaxy models came three years after the first iPhone, Samsung has since moved much quicker to keep up with Apple's first-rate innovations. Samsung now commands 10 percent of the global smartphone market, from only four percent in 2009. And Samsung's new class of Android -based smartphones and tablets in the Galaxy family line will be released in the near future.

Market watchers and tech-savvy customers assume that this is an indirect attempt for Apple to restrain the Android market. It might be because lots of industry expert's foresee Android holding almost half the smartphone market within the next few years and Apple got intimidated by this.

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text:
Home » Kim Yoo Jung apologizes following attitude controversy

Actress Kim Yoo Jung has released an official apology regarding alleged rude behavior during a preview screening of her upcoming film, “Because I Love You.”

A post titled, Kim Yoo Jung’s stage manner attitude” circulated online, showing Kim Yoo Jung at the official preview screening on December 20.

In the said video clip, Kim Yoo Jung was said to be acting distracted (leaning on one leg, instead of standing straight and looking at her nails) while the others were formally greeting the audience on stage. But later on, the actress then greeted the audience with a 90-degree bow.

Following this, netizens were divided on whether the behavior was disrespectful or not.

Kim Yoo Jung then released an official apology through her agency, SidusHQ, saying, “Kim Yoo Jung is completely aware of the issues that have been spread online with regards to the preview screening and is currently reflecting on her own attitude as a result of the controversy. She is also sorry to her trusting fans who may have been disappointed in her.”

The agency also added, “We will work hard to make sure that an issue like this would not happen again. Once again, Kim Yoo Jung apologizes for the trouble that she has caused to many people in this case.”

Meanwhile, the actress has canceled some of the promotional interviews for her movie since she is receiving treatments for her severe cold.

Stay tuned for more updates on Kim Yoo Jung!

What are your thoughts on this issue?

Add a comment below!


text:
Kvindelige Imamer

Women as imams

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

There is a current controversy among Muslims regarding the circumstances in which women may act as imams—that is, lead a congregation in salat (prayer). (Note that there are many types of Islamic religious leaders aside from imams, and Muslim women have featured as theological figures throughout the history of Islam.) Some schools of Islamic thought make exceptions for tarawih (optional Ramadan prayers) or for a congregation consisting only of close relatives.

Historically, certain sects considered it acceptable for a woman to be imam. This was true not just in the Arab heartland of early Islam, but also in China hundreds of years ago. The debate has been reactivated recently, arguing that the spirit of the Koran and the letter of a disputed hadith indicate that women should be able to lead mixed congregations as well as single-sex ones, and that the prohibition of this developed as a result of sexism in the medieval environment and patriarchal interpretations of religious texts, not part of or reflective of true Islam.[1]

The Quran does not address this issue; relevant precedents are therefore sought for in the hadith, the traditions attributed to Muhammad; the sunnah, his actions, including but not limited to hadith; and the principle of ijma, consensus.

The only hadith that unequivocally states that women may not lead mixed congregations is Ibn Majah (Kitab iqamat is-salat was-sunnati fiha) #1134, narrated through Jabir ibn Abdullah: “A woman may not lead a man in Prayer, nor may a Bedouin lead a believer of the Muhajirun or a corrupt person lead a committed Muslim in Prayer.

An indirectly relevant hadith is widely considered to be crucial, since the imam stands at the front of the congregation.[citation neededThe hadith in question is #881 of Sahih Muslim: “Abu Huraira said: The best rows for men are the first rows, as opposed to the last ones, and the best rows for women are the last ones as opposed to the first ones.”[2]

The hadith of Umm Waraqa has given rise to debates among Islamic leaders on whether it is acceptable or not for women to lead prayers, including mixed-gender congregational prayer. Umm Waraqa bint Abdallah, an Ansari woman, who knew the entire Quran (jama’at al-Qur’an), was instructed by Muhammad to lead ahl dariha, which consisted of both men and women, in prayer. The Arabic phrase means “the people of her home”, but the ambiguity hangs on the exact translation of dar, “home”, which can refer to one’s residence, neighborhood, or village. The “people of Umm Waraqa’s home” were so numerous that Muhammad appointed a muezzin to call them to prayer. Umm Waraqa was one of the few to hand down the Quran before it was recorded in writing. She could do so because she had memorized the entire corpus.[3]

The use of the word dar in the hadith, when speaking of where the prayer was held, has resulted in different interpretations. A general translation is “area”, constituting the community around where Umm Waraqa lived. This idea is not accepted by many scholars. Another translation is dar is “household”, which would mean that Umm Waraqa led prayers in her home. Who was she leading? Imam Zaid presents three possibilities: the two servants of her household and the mu’ahdhin, or the women of her surrounding “area”, or only the women of her household. Each of these possibilities requires certain assumptions, but the most accepted is that Umm Waraqa was leading the women of her household, thus leading to the conclusion that women are allowed to lead prayers of all-female congregations. Zaid insists that if the Prophet established a mosque in the household of a man, which was not uncommon, Itban b. Malik, then he must also have set up women-only congregations.[4]

With regard to women leading congregations of women, however, several hadith report that two of Muhammad’s wives, Aisha and Umm Salamah, did so, and as a result most madhhabs support this. According to Qaradawi:

The hadith of `A’ishah and Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with them). `Abdur-Raziq (5086), Ad-Daraqutni (1/404) and Al-Bayhaqi (3/131) reported from the narration of Abu Hazim Maysarah ibn Habib from Ra’itah Al-Hanafiyyah from `A’ishah that she led women in Prayer and stood among them in an obligatory Prayer. Moreover, Ibn Abi Shaybah (2/89) reported from the chain of narrators of Ibn Abi Layla from `Ata’ that `A’ishah used to say the Adhan, the Iqamah, and lead women in Prayer while standing among them in the same row. Al-Hakim also reported the same hadith from the chain of narrators of Layth Ibn Abi Sulaim from `Ata’, and the wording of the hadith mentioned here is Al-Hakim’s.

Furthermore, Ash-Shafi`i (315), Ibn Abi Shaybah (88/2) and `Abdur-Raziq (5082) reported from two chains of narrators that report the narration of `Ammar Ad-Dahni in which he stated that a woman from his tribe named Hujayrah narrated that Umm Salamh used to lead women in Prayer while standing among them in the same row.

The wording of `Abdur-Raziq for the same hadith is as follows: “Umm Salamah led us (women) in the `Asr Prayer and stood among us (in the same row).”

In addition, Al-Hafiz said in Ad-Dirayah (1/169), “Muhammad ibn Al-Husain reported from the narration of Ibrahim An-Nakh`i that `A’ishah used to lead women in Prayer during the month of Ramadan while standing among them in the same row.

Further, `Abdur-Raziq reported (5083) from the narration of Ibrahim ibn Muhammad from Dawud ibn Al-Husain from `Ikrimah from Ibn `Abbas that the latter said, “A woman can lead women in Prayer while standing between them.”

All of the hadiths state that the given woman leads the other women in prayers while standing among them in the same row, and not standing on the first row of the prayers as imams do. They further state that they were among only women, not male worshippers.

Aside from the hadith, there are other sources to consider. The sunnah is a more general source of precedent; it is usually considered to count against women leading mixed congregations, as there are no reports of it happening in Muhammad’s time, unless, as Amina Wadud suggested, the aforementioned Umm Waraqah hadith is interpreted to apply to her town rather than to her household alone.

A third source of precedent is the principle of ijma—consensus—supported by the hadith “My community will never agree upon an error.” This is also generally quoted against the idea of women leading mixed congregations, since the consensus of the traditional jurists is overwhelmingly against the concept; however, supporters of the idea argue that this consensus is not universal.

One of the most authoritative overviews of the viewpoints of the classical jurists on whether women may lead the prayer or not is “Whether to Keep Women out of the Mosque: A Survey of Medieval Islamic Law” written by Christopher Melchert.[5]

Women-only congregations

Schools differ on whether a woman may be imam (leader) of a jama’ah (congregational) prayer if the congregation consists of women alone. Three of the four Sunni madhhabsShafi’is, Hanafis, and Hanbalis—allow this, although Hanafis consider it to be makrooh, a disliked act. (The fourth division, Malikis, do not permit women to lead women in prayer.) Where it is allowed, the woman stands among the congregation in the front row, instead of alone in front of the congregation. In 2000, six marjas among Iran‘s Shia leadership declared that they too allowed women to lead a woman-only congregation, reversing a previous ban in that country.[6]

An unusual feature of Islam in China is the existence of nüsi, mosques solely for women. The imams and all the congregants are women and men are not allowed into the buildings. A handful of women have been trained as imams in order to serve these mosques.[7] However, in at least some communities where these mosques operated, women were not allowed in the men’s mosques. In recent years, efforts have been made to establish similar mosques in India and Iran.[8]

Mixed-gender congregations

Egyptian demonstrators in Tahrir Square, Cairo at prayer. Unusually, the women are in front of the men.

This is so that the men do not have to look at a woman ahead of them, which is not allowed. According to Imam an-Nawawi, “If a woman leads a man or men in a congregational prayer, the prayer of the men is invalid. As for her prayer, and the prayer of the women praying with her, it is sound.”

Within the household, if no qualified man is present, is the one exception for women to lead men in prayers.[4] Modern Islamic scholars such as Dr. Yusuf Al-Qaradawi, based on the Umm Waraqah hadith mentioned above, consider it permissible for a knowledgeable woman to lead mixed prayers within her own household,[9] as he considers this to largely obviate the danger of the men being aroused by her presence.

In the early years of Islam, the Haruriyyah sect, a branch of the Kharijites movement, founded by Habib ibn-Yazīd al-Harūrī, held that it was permissible to entrust the imamate to a woman if she were able to carry out the required duties. In 699 A.D. (77 A.H.), the founder’s wife, Ghazāla al-Harūriyya, even led her male warriors in prayer in Kufa after having controlled the city for a day, following the example of Abu Sufyan‘s daughter Juwayriyya at the Battle of Yarmuk[citation needed]. Not only did she lead Muslim men in prayer, she recited the two longest chapters in the Quran during that prayer.[10]

Well-known early jurists — including Al-Tabari (838–932), historian, exegete and founder of a now defunct juristic school; Abu Thawr (764–854), mufti of Iraq; Al-Muzani (791–878); and Ibn Arabi (1165–1240) — considered the practice permissible at least for optional (nafl salat) prayers.[11] Al-Muthani (d. 878), student of Shafii and contributor to the establishment of the Shafii juristic school, allowed women to unconditionally lead men in prayer[citation needed]. However, the views of these scholars are not accepted by any major surviving group[citation needed].

A few fatwas exist permitting women to lead a mixed gender congregation regardless of familial relationship. For instance, Dr. Khaled Abou El Fadl recommends that the placement of the imam be made with greater modesty in mind for a female imam. Some traditional scholars caution against Yusuf Qaradawi’s methodology and regard him as excessively lenient as he does not limit himself to the positions of the four Sunni schools of fiqh‘.

Adding to the arguments in favor of woman-led prayer of mixed congregations, Laury Silvers and Ahmed Elewa recently published a detailed article in the Journal of Law and Religion arguing that female imams are permissible in all circumstances. Their abstract reads:

This paper, written five years after the Wadud prayer, presents a survey and analysis of the various responses to female led mixed-gender congregational prayers as well as a legal argument for its default permissibility. We show that, in interpreting the Hadiths on woman-led prayer, Sunni schools of law hold a range of opinions on its permissibility. We discuss how Muslim jurists consider historical needs in their rulings, the role of female modesty in this debate, and the nature of juristic consensus. We present our own argument that unrestricted female prayer leadership is legal by default rather than an innovation as many critics have charged. Finally, we set out our own different positions on the propriety of Muslim women asserting their inclusion in the current situation.[12]

In individual countries

A woman disguised as a man attempted to deliver a Jum’ah khutbah but was detected by members of the congregation and arrested by the Bahraini police. The incident occurred at one of the biggest mosques in the island state, in front of 7000 worshippers, on the last Friday of Ramadan in 2004. The would-be khatib, wearing full male dress with a false beard and moustache, sat on the minbar just before speaking, at which point some worshippers realised that the new imam was a woman in disguise. They and the mosque’s imam, Sheikh Adnan Al-Qattan, handed the 40 year old woman over to the police.[13]

Canada Canadian Muslims have been active in the woman-led prayer movement since 2004.[14][15][16] The United Muslim Association (UMA) is committed to having women deliver the khutbah and lead the salat.

In that year, 20-year-old Maryam Mirza delivered the second half of the Eid al-Fitr khutbah at the Etobicoke mosque in Toronto, run by the UMA.[17] Later the same year, Yasmin Shadeer led the night isha prayer with her male and female congregants.[18] – the first recorded occasion in contemporary times where a woman led a congregation in prayer in a mosque.[citation needed]

In April 2005, Raheel Raza led Toronto’s first woman-led mixed-gender Friday service, delivering the khutbah and leading the prayers of the congregation. The event was organized by the Muslim Canadian Congress to celebrate Earth Day, and was held in the backyard of the downtown Toronto home of activist Tarek Fatah.[19] In July 2005, Pamela K. Taylor, a Muslim convert since 1986, gave the Friday khutbah and led the mixed-gender prayers at the UMA Toronto mosque at the invitation of the Muslim Canadian Congress on Canada Day.[20] In addition to leading the prayers, Taylor also gave a sermon on the importance of equality among people regardless of gender, race, sexual orientation, and/or disability.,[21] marking the first occasion where a Muslim woman led prayers in an official mosque. In 2006, the former Mufti of Marseille, Soheib Bencheikh, requested that either Raza[22] or Taylor lead him in prayer, which Imam Taylor did during a visit to Canada in February 2006.[23] The prayers were sponsored by the Muslim Canadian Congress and held in a private venue with a mixed gender congregation.[24] In 2007, Imam Taylor let prayers for International Woman’s Day hosted by the Canadian Muslim Union [25]

From 2008, the Noor Cultural Centre in Toronto has included women on their Board of Khatibs, and women and men alternate giving the call to prayer each week. Women regularly give full length sermons prior to the second adhan, with a male khatib delivering the Arabic portion in brief after the second call until 2012. In 2012, the Noor began having women give the full sermon including the Arabic portions.

In 2009, academic Laury Silvers, activist lawyer El-Farouk Khaki and artist Troy Jackson founded the Toronto Unity Mosque, the foundation mosque of El-Tawhid Juma Circle, in downtown Toronto. The circle is gender-equal, lgbtq-affirming, and religiously non-discriminatory. All Muslims are welcome to lead the prayer and give the sermon.[14][15][16] It helps set up similar circles when asked: The first two sister circles were founded in Washington D.C. and Atlanta, Georgia, in early 2011. These two communities are now associated with Muslims for Progressive Values. (see USA section below). Since then, Montreal Quebec, London Ontario, and Vancouver B.C. have established gender-equal/lgbtq-affirming prayer communities with El-Tawhid Juma Circle. ETJC maintains a website Juma Circle where resources for establishing mosque communities, learning to lead prayer, give a sermon, engage the Qu’ran, the life of the Prophet, and his family, as well as reviews of books, movies, and websites.

Muslims for Progressive Values Canada, an affiliate of Muslims for Progressive Values USA, founded in 2010 by Shahla Khan Salter (chair) leads mixed congregational prayers in Ottawa, Canada. Prayers for MPV Canada have been led by women, including Farhat Rehman and by Zeinab A.

A unique feature of Islam in China is the presence of female-only mosques. Among the Hui people, but not other Muslim ethnic minorities such as the Uyghurs, Quranic schools for girls evolved into woman-only mosques and women acted as imams as early as 1820.[26] These imams are known as nü ahong (女阿訇), i.e. “female akhoond“, and they guide female Muslims in worship and prayer.[27]

Due to Beijing having tight control over religious practices, Chinese Muslims are isolated from Islamic world trends. According to Dr Khaled Abou el Fadl from the University of California in Los Angeles, this explains the situation whereby female imams, an ancient tradition long ended elsewhere, can continue to exist in China.[28]

Kathleen O’Connor noted in 2009 that a madrasa in Morocco had started training women as Islamic guides (mourchidats).[29] Although, O’Conner’s entry may refer to the training of women for pastoral roles as local preachers, not as prayer leaders.

South Africa

One of the earliest reported cases of a woman imam in the West occurred in 1995 in Johannesburg, South Africa. For about two years, a congregation met every Friday for the Jum’ah prayer and every night in Ramadan for the special tarāwīh prayer in a building owned by the Muslim Youth Movement of South Africa (MYM). The khutbah for the Jumu’ah was delivered by either a male or female khatib and the imams for the prayer also included men and women. One of the prime movers behind this congregation was Muslim women’s rights activist Shamima Shaikh. In January 1998, as per her wishes, one of her four funeral prayers was led by a woman friend, Farhana Ismail.[30]

A year earlier, Amina Wadud (see below) became the first woman in South Africa to deliver the jum’ah khutbah, at the Claremont Main Road Mosque in Cape Town. Farid Esack discusses this event in his 1997 book Qur’an, Liberation, and Pluralism. Following that event, both the Claremont Main Road Mosque and Masjidul Islam, in Johannesburg, often have had women speakers for Jum’ah. In January 1998, as per her wishes, one of the four funeral prayers for Ms. Shaikh was led by a female friend.[30]

South African Muslims heard their first female-led Jum’ah khutbah in 1994 when African-American Islamic studies professor Amina Wadud spoke at the Claremont Main Road Mosque in Cape Town,[31] an experience she discusses in Inside the Gender Jihad. Since then, both that mosque and Masjidul Islam in Johannesburg often have women speakers for jum’ah. Scores of South African and foreign women have been hosted in these two mosques since 1994.

In 2003, a new venue for Eid prayer was established in Durban, designed to allow families to attend the Eid prayer together in a pleasant and comfortable atmosphere. It is run by Taking Islam to the People. At each Eid salaah there are two khutbahs delivered, one by a male and one by a female. Over the seven years from 2003–2010, fourteen women have offered khutbah, including Dr. Lubna Nadvi, Zaytun Suleyman, Fatima Seedat, Fatima Hendricks, Dr Mariam Seedat and Zulaykha Mayat.[32]

In 2005, Farhana Ismail first officiated at a nikah (wedding) ceremony. She has trained other women to do so; since 2006, Fatima Seedat has officiated at three such ceremonies.

Spanish Muslims have been some of the greatest supporters of the woman-led prayer movement. Spanish imam Abdennur Prado responded immediately to the controversial prayer by American Amina Wadud (see USA section) with a supportive legal opinion. He was one of the organisers of the October 2005 Islamic feminism conference in Barcelona, the first attended by men and women from around the world, at which Wadud led a mixed gender congregational prayer.[33][34][35] In 2010, another visiting academic, South African Dr. Sa’diyya Sheikh, gave the khutbah and led the Friday prayer for a mixed congregation.

Turkish Muslims are conscious of their influence in modernising Islam. The state-run mosques have trained hundreds of women as vaizes, a term translated by the BBC as “senior imams”[36] and by the Washington Times as “female preachers”.[37] The WT says, “As well as being preachers, women now have the right to lead groups on the annual pilgrimage to Mecca, and 15 Turkish provinces have women serving as deputy muftis — specialists on religious law who monitor the work of imams in mosques. Significantly, given that 70 percent of requests for advice come from women, the assistant muftis have the right to issue fatwas, or religious opinions.” According to the Christian Science Monitor, in 2005 “Diyanet, a government body that oversees the country’s mosques and trains religious leaders, added 150 women preachers across Turkey” and has moved on to “selecting a group of women who will serve as deputies to muftis, or expounders of religious law. From this post, they’ll monitor the work being done by imams in local mosques, particularly as it relates to women.”.[38]

United Kingdom

British Muslims had their first chance to hear a female-led mixed-gender salat in 2008, when the American scholar Amina Wadud performed the Friday prayer at Oxford‘s Wolfson College.[39][40] In 2010 Raheel Raza became the first Muslim-born woman to lead a mixed-gender British congregation through Friday prayers.[41]

United States

American imam Amina Wadud [5]

In 2005, African-American Islamic scholar Amina Wadud led a congregation in Friday prayer and gave a sermon in New York City. Another woman sounded the call to prayer, while not wearing a headscarf, and no curtain divided the men and women.[42] This was not the first woman-led mixed-gender congregational prayer (see the above noted events), but it was the first to gain national and international attention.

See also: Amina Wadud: Friday prayer

The Progressive Muslim Union followed the Wadud prayer with a woman-led prayer initiative. The initiative sought to bring together the varied progressive opinions on the prayer as well as engage more conservative Muslims by encouraging further debate, highlighting legal opinions in support of the prayer (as well as giving space to the overwhelming negative opinions), facilitating Muslims who would like to organize future prayers, and documenting those events as they heard of them. Progressives and others sympathetic to bringing about a transformation of gender privilege in Islam continue to work for the establishment of woman-led prayer.

Many perceived the Wadud prayer to be an inevitable reaction to the deplorable situation of women in mosques in North America. The attention garnered by the event forced more conservative Muslim organizations to publicly acknowledge the situation and call for changes. ISNA responded with guidelines for women-friendly mosques.[43] Scholars such as Imam Zaid Shakir and Dr. Louay M. Safi have been calling attention to and working to change mosque conditions for years. Progressives and others would argue, though, that mosque conditions are merely a symptom of a widespread sense of male entitlement following centuries of male privilege in the intellectual and political power centers of Islam.

Women continue to lead prayers in the United States in their communities with or without media coverage: Nakia Jackson led Eid prayers in 2006 and 2007, with Laury Silvers giving the khutba.

Since early 2006, Muslims for Progressive Values has had a continuous gender-equal prayer space in West Hollywood, California. Both men and women are allowed to lead prayers and deliver a khutba. Although congregants may choose to position themselves wherever they like, there is no gender segregation policy during prayer.[44] The first dedicated gender-equal prayer space in the United States was founded by Fatima Thompson and Imam Daayiee Abdullah in Washington D.C., as a sister mosque to the El-Tawhid Juma Circle founded two years previously in Toronto (see above). Imam Pamela K. Taylor led the DC congregation payers for Eid Ul Adha in 2010 at the All Souls Church.[45] She also gave the inaugural sermon for the MPV mosque in Columbus, OH in 2012 with a sermon focused on God’s Love.[46]

See also

  1. “Score One More for Women Imams”, “beliefnet” by Pamela K. Taylor, 2006-02-28. Retrieved on 2008-12-13.]
  2. “The Book of Prayers (Kitab Al-Salat)”. University of Southern California. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
  3. Women in Islam By Wiebke Walther published by Markus Wiener Publishing, 1981, p. 111 (citing Ibn Sad, Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir, vol. 8, p. 335)
  4. “Female Prayer Leadership (Revisited)”, New Islamic Directions by Imam Zaid, 2008-04-22. Retrieved on 2008-11-29.]
  5. Melchert, Christopher. “Whether to Keep Women out of the Mosque: A Survey of Medieval Islamic Law”. Pages 59–69 in Authority, Privacy and Public Order in Islam: Proceedings of the 22nd Congress of l’Union Européenne des Arabisants et Islamisants. Edited by B. Michalak-Pikulska and A. Pikulsi. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 148. Leuven: Peeters, 2006.
  6. “Iranian women to lead prayers”. BBC. 2000-08-01. Retrieved 2008-02-11.
  7. Lim, Louisa (2004-09-15). “Chinese Muslims forge isolated path”. BBC. Retrieved 2008-02-11.
  8. Biswas, Soutik (2004-01-27). “Storm over Indian women’s mosque”. BBC. Retrieved 2008-02-11.
  9. al-Qaradawi, Yusuf. “Women Acting as Imams in Prayer”. IslamOnline. Retrieved March 1, 2009.
  10. History of Messengers and Kings, By al-Tabari, 51:80; Ali Masudi, Gardens of Gold, Dar al-Andalus, Beirut, 1965, 3:139
  11. “I Am One of the People’: A Survey and Analysis of Legal Arguments on Woman-Led Prayer in Islam”, Journal of Law and Religion 26.1 2010-2011 by Ahmed Elewa and Laury Silvers
  12. “I Am One of the People’: A Survey and Analysis of Legal Arguments on Woman-Led Prayer in Islam”, Journal of Law and Religion 26.1 2010-2011 by Ahmed Elewa and Laury Silvers
  13. “Woman ‘Imam’ Held in Bahrain Mosque”. Arab News. 2004-11-15. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  14. Rachel Sa, “Making history first mosque prayers led by a woman: Mixed-gender service”, National Post, July 2, 2005
  15. Jen Gerson, “Woman leads Islamic prayers in mosque, a first for Canada — Country could become the conscience of the religion, she says in Friday sermon”, Globe & Mail, July 2, 2005
  16. [1], Washington Post/Newsweek
  17. First Muslim woman delivers sermon
  18. “One for the Sisterhood: A documentary by Karin Wells”. CBC. 2005. Retrieved 2008-03-21.[dead link]
  19. Woman leads mixed-gender prayers for city Muslims
  20. [2]
  21. The Pluralism Project – Research Report
  22. “Raheel Raza – Profile”. Retrieved 2008-03-21.
  23. [3]
  24. Canada: French Islamic Scholar to join woman-led prayer in Toronto
  25. The Washington Post http://onfaith.washingtonpost.com/onfaith/panelists/pamela_k_taylor/2007/03/international_womans_day_juma.html |url= missing title (help).
  26. “Female Imams Blaze Trail Amid China’s Muslims”. Retrieved 2010-07-22.
  27. AP , WUZHONG, CHINA (Dec 20, 2006). “Muslim women do it their way in Ningxia”. Taipei Times. p. 9. Retrieved May 29, 2011.
  28. Lim, Louisa (2004-09-15), Chinese Muslims forge isolated path, BBC News, retrieved 2008-08-05
  29. O’Connor, Kathleen M. (2009), “imam”, in Campo, Juan Eduardo, Encyclopedia of Islam, Infobase Publishing, p. 348, ISBN978-0-8160-5454-1, “[…] women have begun to be trained as imams at a recently established madrasa (legal college) in Morocco.”
  30. [See Esack, Farid. 2009. ‘On being a Muslim’, Oneworld. And, Jeenah, Na’eem. 2002. ‘The Emergence of Islamic Feminisms in South Africa’. Unpublished MA dissertation, University of the Witwatersrand.]
  31. One Faith, Many Fragments By Amina Wadud for the University of Pennsylvania (2006)
  32. http://web.uct.ac.za/depts/religion/documents/ARISA/2002_M5_farhana.pdf
  33. Amina Wadud Leads Mixed Gender Friday Prayer in Barcelona
  34. Muslim women launch international ‘gender jihad’
  35. ¿Qué es el feminismo musulmán? Por la promoción de un cambio cultural en favor de la igualdad de géneros (Spanish)
  36. “Turkey in radical revision of Islamic texts”. 26 February 2008. By Robert Pigott.
  37. Turkey’s ‘vaizes’ expedite reform 2 May 2006
  38. “In Turkey, Muslim women gain expanded religious authority”. By Yigal Schleifer, Correspondent of The Christian Science Monitor / April 27, 2005
  39. It’s Muslim men we must modernise
  40. Islam’s gender boundaries being pushed
  41. First woman to lead Friday prayers in UK
  42. Elliott, Andrea (March 19, 2005). “Woman Leads Muslim Prayer Service in New York”. The New York Times.
  43. “ISNA Endorses New Guidelines for Women Friendly Mosques”. Islamic Society of North America. 2005-06-22. Retrieved 2008-06-16.
  44. http://www.meetup.com/LAmpvusa/
  45. Taylor, Pamela K. The Washington Post http://onfaith.washingtonpost.com/onfaith/modernmuslim/2010/11/women_in_the_minbar.html |url= missing title (help).
  46. [4]

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Thursday, 1 October 2015

It's getting to that time of year when the coats and jumpers come out in full swing as we enter the cold season. I've featured my current favourite COS coat in there as I cannot stop wearing it out at the moment.

I have a serious addiction to the long belted coats at the moment although having said that, I have just bought a new Zara winter coat for when the weather takes a serious down turn and hits the negative temperatures. The COS coat is ideal for transitioning into the winter months but once it gets colder, I will no doubt be dragging out the thicker outerwear pieces to keep warm.

As it gets colder, the colour palettes for my style looks gets darker and being the that I love wearing navy, pretty much every outfit incorporates some aspects of navy. As such you can expect some more navy looks to come your way. What is your favourite colour to wear?

Jumper - Zara round neck sweater
Trousers - Zara (shite sold out) similar
Coat - COS full length coat
Shoes - Zara T-bar heels (AW13)

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