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Numerical modeling of local effects on the petroleum reservoir using fixed streamtubes for typical waterflooding schemes

K.A. Potashev, A.B. Mazo

Original article

open access

Under a Creative Commons license
The difficulty of numerical modeling of areal methods of flows redistribution in the oil reservoir is the need for detailed resolution of local hydrodynamic effects and the fine geological structure of the reservoir, which are centimeter-wide, at inter-well distances of the order of several hundred meters. The dimension of computational grids of traditional 3D models of such resolution, even for impact areas containing a small number of injection and production wells, turns out to be excessively large for design calculations. To overcome these limitations, it is proposed to perform a detailed simulation of the flow in two-dimensional cross sections of the reservoir along fixed streamtubes of variable width between each pair of interacting injector and producer wells. Reducing the dimension of the problem allows the use of high-resolution grids to simulate short-term local effects.

In this paper, we present an algorithm for constructing a single fixed streamtube between injector and producer, which provides a minimum error in calculating of flow rate and water cut using a two-phase flow problem of reduced dimension along the streamtube. The algorithm is demonstrated by the example of the two-dimensional two-phase flow problem neglecting capillary and gravitational forces in a homogeneous reservoir of constant thickness for three waterflooding elements corresponding to seven vertical well flooding patterns – standard and inverted four-spot, five-spot and seven-spot, as well as staggered line drive. For these waterflooding elements, efficient streamtubes have been constructed, the relative width of which is approximated by piecewise linear functions. On the example of a staggered line drive or five-spot well patterns, the width of the effective streamtube was parameterized for an arbitrary ratio of the sides of the waterflood element. Presented streamtubes can be used as ready templates for subsequent modeling of geological and technical treatments in the relevant elements of the water flooding of the oil reservoir.
Oil reservoir, two-phase flow in porous media, geological and technical treatments, fixed stream tube, well patterns, numerical simulation, high-speed models, high-resolution models
  • Al-Najem A.A., Siddiqui S., Soliman M., Yuen B. (2012). Streamline Simulation Technology: Evolution and Recent Trends. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
  • Aziz K., Settari A. (1979). Petroleum reservoirs simulation. London: Appl. Sci. Publ., 476 p.
  • Baek M., Hewett T.A. (2000). A Hybrid Streamtube Simulator Using A Semianalytical Method. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
  • Barenblatt G.I., Entov V.M., Ryzhik V.N. (1984). Physical and chemical underground hydrodynamics of oil reservoir. Moscow: Nedra, 211 p. (In Russ.)
  • Bulygin D.V., Mazo A.B., Potashev K.A., Kalinin E.I. (2013). Geological and technical aspects of superelement model of oil reservoirs. Georesursy = Georesources, 53(3), pp. 31–35.
  • Charny I. A. (1948). Underground hydromechanics. Moscow-Leningrad: Gostekhizdat, 196 p. (In Russ.)
  • Charny I.A. (1963). Underground hydrodynamics. Moscow: Gostoptekhizdat, 397 p. (In Russ.)
  • Christie M. A. (1996). Upscaling for reservoir simulation. J. Petroleum Technology, 48, pp. 1004–1010.
  • Emanuel A.S., Alameda G.K., Behrens R.A., Hewett T.A. (1989). Reservoir Performance Prediction Methods Based on Fractal Geostatistics. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
  • Emanuel A.S., Milliken W.J. (1997). Application of Streamtube Techniques to Full-Field Waterflood Simulation. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
  • Hewett T., Behrens R. (1991). Scaling Laws in Reservoir Simulation and Their Use in a Hybrid Finite Difference / Streamtube Approach to Simulation the Effects of Permeability Heterogeneity, Reservoir Characterization, II, L. Lake, and J. Carroll, H.B. (eds.). London: Academic Press, Inc.
  • Higgins R.V., Leighton A.J. (1961). Performance of Five-Spot Water Floods in Stratified Reservoirs Using Streamlines. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
  • Higgins R.V., Leighton A.J. (1962). A Computer Method to Calculate Two Phase Flow in Any Irregularly Bounded Porous Medium. Journal of Petroleum Technology, June, pp. 679–683.
  • Krylov A.P., Belash P.M., Borisov YU.P., Buchin A.N., Voinov V.V., Glogovskij M.M., Maksimov M.I., Nikolaevskij N.M., Rozenberg M.D. (1962). Oilfield engineering. Moscow: Gostoptekhizdat, 430 p. (In Russ.)
  • Krylov A.P., Glogovskij M.M., Mirchink M.F., Nikolaevskij N.M., Charnyj I.A. (1948). Scientific Basics of Oilfield Development. Moscow: Gostoptekhizdat, 416 p. (In Russ.)
  • Lake L.W., Johnston J.R., and Stegemeier G.L. (1981). Simulation and Performance Prediction of a Large-Scale Surfactant / Polymer Project. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
  • Martin J.C., Wegner R.E. (1979). Numerical Solution of Multiphase, Two-Dimensional Incompressible Flow Using Streamtube Relationships. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
  • Mazo A.B., Bulygin D.V. (2011). Superelements. New approach to oil reservoir simulation. Neft. Gaz. Novatsii, 11, pp. 6–8. (In Russ.)
  • Mazo A.B., Potashev K.A. (2020). Superelements. Petroleum reservoir simulation. Moscow: Infra-M, 220 p. (In Russ.)
  • Mazo A.B., Potashev K.A., Baushin V.V., Bulygin D.V. (2017). Numerical Simulation of Oil Reservoir Polymer Flooding by the Model of Fixed Stream Tube. Georesursy = Georesources, 19(1), pp. 15–20.
  • Potashev K.A., Mazo A.B., Ramazanov R.G., Bulygin D.V. (2016). Analysis and design of a section of an oil reservoir using a fixed stream tube model. Neft’. Gaz. Novatsii, 187(4), pp. 32-40. (In Russ.)
  • Renard G. (1990). A 2D Reservoir Streamtube EOR Model with Periodical Automatic Regeneration of Streamlines. In Situ, 14(2), pp. 175–200.
  • Shelepov V.V., Bulygin D.V., Mazo A.B., Potashev K.A., Ramazanov R.G. (2016). TubeGeo, version 1.0. Modeling of geological and technical treatments by the method of srteamtubes. Software Registration Certificate  No. 2016611381. (In Russ.)
  • Spirina E.A., Potashev K.A., Mazo A.B. (2019). Evaluation of the reliability of the averaging over the reservoir thickness for the model with a fixed streamtube. Conf. Series: J. of Physics, 1158 042024, pp. 1–6.
  • Surguchev M.L., Zheltov YU.V., Simkin E.M. (1984). Physicochemical microprocesses in oil and gas reservoirs. Moscow: Nedra, 215 p. (In Russ.)
  • Thiele M.R. (1994). Modeling Multiphase Flow in Heterogeneous Media Using Streamtubes. PhD Dissertation. 217 p.
  • Willhite G.P. (1986). Waterflooding. SPE Textbook Series. Richardson, TX. 331 p.

Konstantin A. Potashev
Kazan Federal University
35 Kremlevskaya st., Kazan, 420008, Russian Federation

Alexander B. Mazo
Kazan Federal University
35 Kremlevskaya st., Kazan, 420008, Russian Federation

For citation:

Potashev K.A., Mazo A.B. (2020). Numerical modeling of local effects on the petroleum reservoir using fixed streamtubes for typical waterflooding schemes. Georesursy = Georesources, 22(4), pp. 70–78. DOI:


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The West in the World: A History of Western Civilization (5th Edition) – eBook PDF

eBook details

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Posted in Baking Day

Prince William’s Chocolate Biscuit Cake

Prince William & Catherine Chocolate Biscuit Cake
It’s official, the happy Royal couple HRH Prince William & HRH The Duchess of Cambridge – Catherine are officially married and it’s time for them to cut the cake.  As per my previous post, I’ve used the Chocolate Biscuit Cake recipe from the Royal Chef website and here I’ve converted the measurements to metric.  I made the biscuit base yesterday evening and left it to set in the fridge overnight.  This morning I opted to add a ‘secret’ ingredient and melted 5 Mars bars with a little water and spread it over the top.  After letting this firm up in the fridge for an hour, I then poured over 3 melted Galaxy milk chocolate bars.  I then happily snapped Cadbury’s Chocolate Fingers in half and lined them around the cake.
Prince William & Catherine Chocolate Biscuit Cake - a slice
Verdict – sublime.
The Royal Chef instructed to use a 6 inch by 2.5 cake ring however I chose to use a much wider ring of 23cm to make a wider, flatter cake, as I knew it was going to be extremely rich and a little sliver would go a long way.
William & Catherine Chocolate Biscuit Cake up close
You will need (for the cake):
110g dark chocolate (I used 70% Lindt)
110g caster sugar
110g unsalted butter (softened)
1 egg
225g McVitie’s Rich Tea biscuits
Cake ring – springform release preferably.
Line a baking tray with some parchment paper.
Place the cake ring on the parchment paper – you are not using a cake tin, just the ring of a cake tin with base removed to shape the cake.
Beat the unsalted butter until smooth and then beat in the caster sugar.
In a separate bowl break the biscuits into almond sized pieces.
Melt the dark chocolate and gradually beat it into the butter mixture until smooth.
Lightly beat the egg and then mix this into the butter mixture.
Add in the broken biscuits and stir well to cover with the cake mix.
Spoon the chocolate biscuit mix into the cake ring and press it down and out to the sides with the back of the spoon.
Place the cake in the fridge to set overnight.
You will need (for the topping):
5 x 58g Mars bars
3 x 125g Smooth Milk Galaxy Chocolate bars
1 x 125g box Cadbury’s Chocolate Fingers.
A little water
Remove the ring from the cake and turn the biscuit cake upside down (as the bottom is smoother – this will now be the top) and place it on a wire cake rack. (Put some parchment paper underneath to catch dripping melted mars & chocolate!)
Cut the Mars bars into small pieces and melt them in a saucepan with a couple of tbsps of water – mixing well to form a smooth topping.
Pour the melted Mars topping onto the biscuit cake and chill it for an hour.
Break the Galaxy Milk Chocolate bars into small pieces and melt them with a little splash of water, mixing well to form a smooth, thick, chocolatey sauce.
Pour the melted chocolate over the chilled Mars topped biscuit cake and then carefully move the cake from the wire rack onto a cake display/plate.
Cut the Cadbury’s Chocolate Fingers in two and line them around the side of the cake – pressing them into the melted chocolate to fix them in place.
Again chill the cake until the chocolate topping has set and then serve.
(If you wish to pipe something on top, as per the pictures, mix together some melted dark chocolate and icing sugar to form a firm paste that will hold it’s shape when piped.)
Til next time, Sheila

Irish Author - Dubut romantic fiction novel 'Good Enough' published in 2021. 'Enjoy' published by Mercier Press in 2016 .'Gimme the Recipe' published in 2012. Work in admin of our Food Safety Consultancy business - Industrial Management Systems with my husband Denis.

36 thoughts on “Prince William’s Chocolate Biscuit Cake

  1. please, please, please make that for me when i come home….looks dlish – loving the inspriational topping!!!

  2. Please tell me what is “caster sugar” and are those “tea biscuits” sold at the store? Sorry I am from South Ameria and are not familiar with those two items.

    Thank you,

    1. Hi Kathy,
      Caster sugar is a finer ground sugar than regular granulated sugar so you can just use ordinary sugar instead. Rich Tea Biscuits are a plain, sweet biscuit similar to a Marie biscuit. If you look it up on Wikepedia you’ll get an idea of what you could substitute it with or use some type of plain cookie that you like. Enjoy 🙂 Sheila

  3. This sounds really good and rich. You said that you converted the recipe to metric. Can you give me the measures in standard ounces and pounds. I would really appreciate it. Thanks-Sharon

    1. Hi Sharon – thanks for your comment/query. The original recipe for the biscuit cake base is from the ‘Royal Chef’ website. The imperial measurements for the biscuit cake base are 4 ounces dark chocolate, 4 ounces sugar, 4 ounces unsalted butter, 1 egg and 8 ounces Rich tea biscuits. Enjoy.

  4. If you cannot find Mars bars in US use Snickers. Use any short bread cookie. Be sure guests are not allergic to peanuts.

    1. The US equivalent of English Mars Bars are US Milky Way Bars – not Snickers which contain Peanuts.

      I know because I used to make both of them.

      Also, the most likely biscuit used for Prince William’s cake are McVities Chocolate coated digestive biscuits. An English favorite.
      They come in Milk or Dark chocolate types.
      I think the Dark would be best though either would work.

      1. Thanks Bill. What we call Milky Way bars has no caramel topping but having googled the US version I can concur that the US Milky Way is the same as the European Mars Bar!

  5. I’m concerned about the egg seeing as it’s not cooked. Would it work as well without the egg.

    1. Hi Christine. I had reservations too about using the raw egg but as I wanted to stay true to the Royal Chef recipe I went ahead and used it. As the cake is refrigerated and kept cold there is limited opportunity for bacteria to grow however it should work perfectly fine without the egg too as there is enough melted chocolate to keep everything bound together. Enjoy, Sheila.

  6. I made this cake and took it to a party of ten – everyone had a piece and loved it – no left overs!!! Will definitely be making it again, very easy to make and sooooo good!

  7. i want to make for wedding how long before can i make cake with no egg will be using brandy and baileys

    1. Hi Maureen. Good idea not to use the egg if you are going to make the biscuit cake ahead of time. Once the biscuits have been well coated with the chocolate, brandy and bailey’s mixture I would imagine that once it cools and hardens if you were to wrap it up well in greaseproof paper it should keep well for a week anyway. This is just my guesstimate though as I’ve never made it that far in advance so I would suggest that you make a sample one and see how it holds up. I would hold off on topping it with the melted mars and melted galaxy until a day or two before you need it. Would love to know how it works out and how far in advance you make it. Best wishes, Sheila.

  8. I have one in the fridge setting I have been looking for the recipe that used egg for ages I remember this from primary school in Ireland a friends mum made it and dispite asking people over the years I only ever got very vague instructions fingers crossed this one turns out how I remember it the egg changes the taste from the golden syrup versions thanks x

  9. Made this cake at the weekend for my sons confirmation – it was fantastic. used double quantity to make a large one

      1. That’s great to hear! I’ve adapted it as our Christmas cake for the past couple of years. I don’t use egg – doesn’t make a difference and I use melted white chocolate and then decorate with white choc fingers around the edges & snowball type sweets… goes down well

  10. I personally love chocolate biscuit cake and this is a brilliant recipe but would you by any chance have a chocolate biscuit recipe without raw egg?

    1. Hi Caroline, as this was based on the original Royal Chef chocolate biscuit cake that is why raw egg is included. Once the cake is kept sufficiently chilled and not left out for prolonged periods it should be perfectly safe however leaving out the egg will worktoo as long as there is enough chocolate to bind the biscuits and it will be just as delicious. Enjoy, Sheila.

  11. I have been asked to make a biscuit wedding cake for my niece. the K&W cake looks great but I would need it to be appx. 3″ in depth do you think I could use the biscuit as a base then put a chocolate sponge on the top & then ice & decorate it? I would appreciate your comments.

    1. Hi Mea, hmmmmm I don’t know about putting sponge on top of chocolate biscuit cake. I would suggest that you experiment with that on a small scale first to see how the combination would work out. The easiest thing to do would be to make two or three chocolate biscuit cakes and stack them one on top of the other with a layer of melted chocolate in between. You could vary each layer with different surprises i.e. using white chocolate on one layer, maybe crushing in some malteessers in another layer or maybe your niece’s favourite chocolate on one layer and the groom’s on another. Good luck! 🙂

  12. This is a wonderful treat – I added a chopped Toblerone bar to the cookie mixture – adds a wonderful surprise. (you can also use a Skor bar instead of the Toblerone). Absolute decadence and yet simple to make.

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text:
-0.4 C

Pete Buttigieg says supply chain disruptions won’t really go away until we ‘put the pandemic in the rearview mirror’

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Pete Buttigieg

Secretary of Transportation Pete Buttigieg at a press conference in February. John McDonnell/The Washington Post via Getty Images

  • Pete Buttigieg said on Sunday the US needs to tackle COVID in order to solve supply chain issues.

  • The pandemic hangs over supply bottlenecks and rising inflation ahead of a high-demand holiday season.

  • Buttigieg said shippers and retailers are operating in an “outdated” supply chain infrastructure.

Though the federal government and private companies have both tried to find solutions to the supply chain crisis, bottlenecks and inflation aren’t going away, says the Biden Administration – at least while COVID-19 is still around.

According to Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg, the supply chain crisis is the result of myriad factors tied directly to the ongoing pandemic. Speaking on a circuit of morning shows on Sunday, Buttigieg touted the Biden Administration’s budget reconciliation bill in combatting inflation and supply chain stressors as it continues to battle COVID-19.

The US continues to deal with rising inflation, which the Biden Administration says has lasted longer than they have anticipated. Leaders at the G-20 summit in Rome overturned Trump-era tariffs on aluminum and steel on Saturday, hoping to normalize cost increases the tariffs have led to in the years since.

“Look, there are so many things that are still happening in our economy – distortions, disruptions, things in our supply chain that are affecting prices that are clearly a direct consequence of the pandemic,” Buttigieg told “Fox News Sunday” host Chris Wallace. “Which is why the best thing we can do for our economy in the short term, and to deal with these transitory issues, is to put the pandemic behind us.”

Buttigieg cited three main factors compounding supply chains, including “off-the-chart” demand, limited supply, and the COVID pandemic, which is “poking holes in supply no matter how good any company or any administration is.”

“We are going to continue to see challenges. The steps we’re taking are making a difference, but think about all the things that have to happen to get a product to a shelf on time,” Buttigieg said in an interview with CNN’s Dana White. “Fundamentally it’s up to the producers the shippers and the retailers and we’re doing everything we can to help them move those goods across the infrastructure that’s often outdated.”

In his interview with Wallace, Buttigieg also praised the “phenomenal work” of port officials and workers in combatting supply chain disruptions, though he also warned that the US west coast could still feel the impacts of supply chain delays this fall, referring to the closure of a major Chinese port from this summer.

Supply chain issues have been a source of worry for many major manufacturers and retailers, especially as the holiday season approaches. Port and freight companies have struggled to adjust their logistics operations around multiple factors, like labor shortages, transportation delays, diminished warehouse capacities, and port congestions.

While President Biden announced earlier this month that the Ports of Long Beach and Los Angeles would move to a 24/7 operation schedule in an attempt to ease supply chain constraints ahead of the holiday season, ports have continued to see an increase in waiting containers and unused trucker appointments.

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Texas Cops ‘Laughed’ As Biden Aides Pleaded For Help From Trucker ‘Trump Train’ Last Year: Lawsuit

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Texas police officers “laughed” and “joked” as desperate Joe Biden campaign aides pleaded for protection from a “Trump Train” of cars and trucks swarming and even colliding with the campaign caravan on a freeway last year, according to an amended lawsuit filed Friday.

Text messages, and recordings and transcriptions of several calls to the San Marcos Police Department captured at least one official’s joking, flat-out denial of help when contacted by a 911 dispatcher.

“We’re not going to do it,” said a San Marcos police corporal, The Texas Tribune first reported. “We’re not going to escort a bus.” He quipped that the Biden bus should “drive defensively and it’ll be great.”

When a 911 dispatcher told a campaign aide to call back if they felt threatened, the staffer responded: “Are you kidding me, ma’am? They’ve threatened my life on multiple occasions with vehicular collision” — and again asked for an escort along the freeway in south central Texas.

Despite the pleas for help, “there were no officers from San Marcos or any other police cars in sight” during the dangerous 90-minute highway confrontation, the suit stated.

The Biden bus and accompanying cars were chased by the “train” on the high-speed highway as they headed to campaign events a year ago.

In one collision, a Biden campaign car was videotaped being forced out of a lane by a pro-Trump trucker as surrounding vehicles were traveling some 70 mph. A man who identified himself as the driver in that crash boasted about “slamming that fucker” on Facebook.

After the reckless stunts that clearly imperiled the safety of all nearby drivers, then-President Trump crowed in a tweet: “I LOVE TEXAS!” and called the Trump train drivers “patriots.” He boasted that the confrontation was trending on Twitter.

The Biden campaign cancelled events because of safety fears.

The lawsuit, filed by campaign workers and former Democratic state Sen. Wendy Davis, who was on the bus, accuses the San Marco Police Department and city of failing to protect the campaign caravan “despite repeated calls for help.”

It also accuses officials of violating the federal Anti-Ku Klux Klan Act, which prohibits threatening or intimidating voters.

A second similar lawsuit against Trump Train organizers and participants also accuses them of violated the Anti-Klan Act.

When the suits were first filed, Protect Democracy counsel Cameron Kistler called the “mob of Trump supporters engaging in a preplanned vehicular assault” an “egregious example of using fear, intimidation, and threats of violence to silence political foes. This is exactly the type of behavior that the Klan Act was enacted to deter.”

The San Marcos Police Department did not immediately return calls to comment.

Also on HuffPost

This article originally appeared on HuffPost and has been updated.

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text:
« Sewing a Stack | Main | Rocking the Owls »

September 15, 2011

Feed You can follow this conversation by subscribing to the comment feed for this post.

I love this bag! Thank you for sharing this inspirational project! I will totally look out for such a skirt, to try that, too! :)

I love the re purposing. The bag is fabulous.

Shari @For the Little Doll In Your Life

This came out great!

How smart, glad I'm not the only one who buys things and never wears them!

linda keleher

This is way cuter than Ikat's! The tab and buckle detail would make a great clutch also. Good job,

Lisa Q

that is amazing....I like it so much. I have a similar bag that I bought last year at a craft show...it's made out of a wool and it is the best thing. Yours turned out fabulously!

OMG!!! That is a fantastic transformation. Great job!!!

I agree with Susan I would love to see how the inside is. :-)

Susan Jonsson

Wow! So impressive....I am headed to my closet too....Fabulous job on the details and design. Any chance you could share how you did the inside?

Anne Marie

Oh do I love this - you did a great job.

This is fabulous! Yes, I would like to see a picture of you modeling it. Can you ask Jenny to help you with that?

Thanks for sharing! I might go rummage around in my closet for an old skirt. Do you do custom orders?

amy dunn

Love it!!!! So classic with the tweed but really great details!

Very cool! I really like the buckle/buttons detailing.

The comments to this entry are closed.


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text:
Arch Linux package lists.
You can not select more than 25 topics Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
Martins Eglitis 9146250d93 Add go list 1 year ago Remove go list, remove microcode from base, update readme 1 year ago
audit.list Added couple packages 2 years ago
base.list Switch to p10k 1 year ago
bluetooth.list Update 'bluetooth.list' 3 years ago
c.list Updated package lists 2 years ago
desktop.list Update 'desktop.list' 1 year ago
devops.list Remove jenkins from the list 1 year ago
go.list Add go list 1 year ago
laptop.list Updated package lists 2 years ago
lemp.list Moved some of the packages, added ix to base 2 years ago
mechatronics.list New low level package list 3 years ago
virtualization.list Update with the missing lists 3 years ago
wayland.list Switch to rofi 1 year ago
writing.list Update 'writing.list' 1 year ago
x.list Updated base and X lists 1 year ago

Arch Linux package lists for various environments.

I recommend using trizen or any other wrapper to manage both official and unofficial packages (AUR). To install the wrapper:

$ git clone
$ cd trizen
# makepkg --noconfirm --needed -sric
$ cd ./.. && rm -rf trizen

Download the project and cd lists into it. Then, for example, to install the base packages:

$ trizen -S --needed --noconfirm - < base.list

  • For older liveusb you might need to update the packages with # pacman -Syu.
  • If the pacman’s list of trusted keys hasn’t been initialized, populated and refreshed then run
# pacman-key --init
# pacman-key --populate
# pacman-key --refresh-keys


text:
Commit 45faf9c1 authored by Gregory Ashton's avatar Gregory Ashton
Browse files

Update fixes broken links

parent 5861175f
......@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ output which we list below. Before running any of the search examples, be sure
to have run the [script to generate fake data](examples/
* [Making fake data with and without glitches](docs/
* [Fully coherent MCMC search](docs/fully_coherent_search_using_MCMC).md)
* [Fully coherent MCMC search](docs/
* [Fully coherent MCMC search on data containing glitching signals](docs/
## Installation
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Annual Dues

Donate to Glendora Masonic Lodge

Glendora Lodge No. 404: News

Worth the Trip

November 3, 2021

As master of his not-so-nearby lodge, Barstow Boron Lodge 682, Miguel Vazquez makes the long trip into the Inland Empire numerous times each week to sit in the East. Still, you won’t hear him complain. Neither will the other 122 members of the Masonic lodge.

Read Full Article

Eye of the Beholder

October 18, 2021

Could a hiding-in-plain-sight Masonic icon change the way we understand a Diego Rivera masterpiece?

Read Full Article

Spanning the Divide

October 1, 2021

For many lodge leaders, navigating the tangles of intralodge conflicts and beefs isn’t just challenging—it can feel totally outside their skill set. Yet a lodge master’s greatest responsibility isn’t just balancing the books or organizing events; it’s maintaining lodge harmony.

Read Full Article

Past Present

August 24, 2021

When Bob Sachs first peered inside the vault in the basement of his lodge hall, he wasn’t totally sure what he was looking at, but there, wrapped in canvas, was a five-foot-tall painting of George Washington dressed in a Masonic apron.

Read Full Article

Pyramid Scheme

July 8, 2021

What started as an idea to turn a quick buck on a national holiday morphed into a million-dollar idea for North Bay Mason Jim McCullough.

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Trust Fall

June 30, 2021

During lockdown, the usually reserved Rio Santonil was compelled by an urge for action. And so, in September, he resolved to fulfill a lifetime goal and go skydiving. And then he did it again. And again. And again.

Read Full Article

A Second Home

June 21, 2021

Fraternal organizations played a historic and civic role within Filipino American communities. Learn more about the rapid growth of Fil-Am Freemasonry.

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California Freemason: The Filipino Issue

June 15, 2021

In the latest issue of California Freemason, we explore that special bond and celebrate the many ways Filipino American Masons have and continue to strengthen the fraternity.

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An Absolute Corker

May 11, 2021

Shrouded in equal parts mystery and merriment, Ye Antient Order of Noble Corks is a bit of an outlier even within the sometimes bewildering world of Freemasonry.

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At Refreshment

April 12, 2021

A curious thing happens at the close of many Masonic lodges. Drinks are poured. Glasses clink. Mirth swells. The lodge is “at refreshment,” an important if unofficial custom that encapsulates so much of what #Freemasonry is all about.

Read Full Article

The Spring Refresh

April 7, 2021

Belly up to the bar and pour yourself a drink: It’s California Freemason magazine’s Spring Drinks issue, our libatious celebration of the spirit-raising power of a good drink shared with good friends.

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Strength in Numbers

March 11, 2021

In a year without lodge, California Freemasons made their presence felt like never before.

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The Annual Report 2020

March 2, 2021

From virtual gatherings  to lifesaving Masonic relief programs, learn about how California Masons and donors have continued to create profound impact and further define what it means to be a Freemason for years to come.

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Designing the Future

December 30, 2020

Read the latest issue of California Freemason magazine and learn more about the ways California Masons are designing the membership experience of the future.

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The Mystery House

October 8, 2020

When Bay Area resident William Arney—a member of Marin Lodge No. 191 and California Lodge No. 1—noticed a For Rent sign at the former home of detective novelist Dashiell Hammett, he had no clue what he was getting himself into as he began to look into the real estate mystery. Read more in the newest issue of […]

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Online Masonic Speaker Series

Dive into Masonic education with the Grand Lodge of California’s online Masonic Speaker Series, featuring insightful presentations from renown historians and experts on Freemasonry.

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The Getaway Gang

Meet the Black Sheep Scooter Club, a Masonic vintage-scooter enthusiast group founded 35 years ago by Barry Gwin of California Lodge No. 1.

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A Homeric Tale

March 19, 2020

On the 25th anniversary of the Simpsons season 6 episode 12, “Homer the Great,” we pay homage to one of the best, and certainly the funniest, send-ups of Freemasonry ever to hit the airwaves.

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A Beautiful Experiment: Public Schools Month at 100

March 4, 2020

Learn more about the Masons of California’s century-long support of public education, and about the present and future of those efforts, in the latest issue of California Freemason magazine.

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The Forever Home

February 19, 2020

For more than 60 years, California Masons have called the California Masonic Memorial Temple on San Francisco’s Nob Hill their home. At long last, it’s also their lodge.

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Challenge Accepted

California masons responded to the #bluelodgechallenge, highlighting acts of everyday charity that are transforming their communities.

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Family Matters

Meet American Canyon Lodge No 875, California’s youngest Masonic lodge—both in terms of its members and in terms of its charter, presented November 17, 2019.

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He’ll Never Ride Alone Again

Last summer, Long Beach Lodge No. 327 member Dave Romero hit upon a fun idea to give back to his favorite charities: a 550-mile fundraising bike ride from Long Beach to the California Masonic Memorial Temple in San Francisco.

Read Full Article

Annual Report 2019: The Future is Bright

February 3, 2020

Learn about the overview of the present and very bright future of the fraternity, from the charitable work being done in lodges up and down California to exciting developments on the campuses of the Masonic Homes of California to expanded relief operations launching in the Central Valley.

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R.I.P. Finally

January 3, 2020

How did a 19th century Masonic tombstone from Piedmont find its way to the side of the road in Stanislaus County, 100 miles away? That’s exactly what members of Oak Summit Lodge No. 112 set out to discover—and to lay a long-lost brother to rest.

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Golden Revival

December 12, 2019

Up and down California’s Gold Country, lodges are tapping into their unique history to chart their way into the future. Read more in the latest issue of California Freemason.

Read Full Article

Striking Gold: Masonry in the Mother Lode Now

December 3, 2019

Learn about the new sound coming out of Auburn’s Eureka No. 16, a legendary Nevada County gearhead, and the curious case of a lost Masonic headstone in the latest issue of California Freemason Magazine, this month dedicated to the foothill lodges of California’s Mother Lode.

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Rising From the Ashes

November 7, 2019

In the wake of the 2018 Camp Fire that destroyed his entire hometown of Paradise, Nate Smith—member of Table Mountain Masonic Lodge No. 124—turned to music as an artistic outlet—and found the big break he’d been searching for.

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The Pin Code

October 3, 2019

Every fall, as the Grand Master prepares for the busy year ahead, he’s faced with the task of articulating the theme which will both guide his administration and define its legacy. And it needs to fit on a lapel pin.

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Secrets of the Cloth: The Mystery of Masonic Folk Arts

September 26, 2019

Whether it’s through floor cloths, jewelry, woodwork, or aprons, learn about the stories Masons have been telling through these precious objects of interest. Learn more in the newest issue of California Freemason, Crafting their Legacy.

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Tales From the Underground

September 12, 2019

Whether in underground caves or quarries, Masons have been known to meet in some unusual places. Learn more about how these underground meeting spaces elevated the lodge experience.

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Take the #BlueLodgeChallenge

September 9, 2019

Whether your lodge is funding generous scholarships for local students or clearing trash from the roads or beach, we want the world to know about it with #bluelodgechallenge.

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The Forever Pace

August 21, 2019

For most of the past year, Loren Newman ––member of Prometheus Lodge No. 851–– had a set morning routine: Wake up at 5 a.m. and get ready for an early jog… up and down a 1,000-foot-high mountain… five times.

Read Full Article

Where the Rubber Meets the Road

August 7, 2019

Armin Houshmandi, a master Mason with Golden Rule Lodge No. 479 and the founder of the riding association the Seekers of Light, puts it this way: “The asphalt is unforgiving and physics are unforgiving, and you have to learn to work within the rules and laws of life… Where do you really do that, aside from Masonry?”

Read Full Article

Read the Newest Issue of California Freemason!

July 30, 2019

The July/August issue of California Freemason magazine is now available on our newly redesigned online edition:!

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Symbols of Femininity

July 5, 2019

On aprons and teapots, in the first degrees and the virtues and lessons of Freemasonry, feminine symbols are threaded into the very fabric of Freemasonry.

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Of Their Free Will and Accord

June 3, 2019

Freemasonry’s relationship with women evolved during its long history. How has this relationship changed over time, and why are separate streams of Masonry likely to continue?

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The Flame Within a Heart

April 16, 2019

The Order of DeMolay supports young men in building character and leadership skills that serve them for a lifetime. Its close friendship and enduring values provide vital support, cultivate deep understanding, and nurture emotional intelligence at a pivotal point in life.

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Generations Connected

April 2, 2019

Two Senior DeMolays cross a generational divide and find commonalities through their experience in DeMolay International.

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Mentorship is Meaningful

March 11, 2019

Adult mentors of our youth orders find that not only is mentorship helping the kids thrive and build important skills, it’s also fulfilling for the mentors themselves. Watch this brief video featuring Masons who mentor DeMolay chapters at their lodges.

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Coming Together to Give Back

February 28, 2019

In the 2017-2018 fraternal year, 18 lodges pledged – as Pace Setter donors – to the Let’s Write the Future campaign between $100,000 and $300,000. Learn why three lodges chose to write a better future for California communities.

Read Full Article

For Our Children. For Our Future.

February 7, 2019

California masons’ partnership with raising a reader has brought crucial literacy training to nearly 600 classrooms – and we’re not close to done yet!

Read Full Article

Memorable Moments

December 3, 2018

At Orange Grove Lodge No. 293 in Southern California, fraternity, and family are deeply intertwined with Freemasonry. Learn more about what inspires these brothers and their fun-filled Masonic experience – from luaus to support for California public schools.

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Welcome Grand Master Wright!

November 2, 2018

Last Sunday, October 21, Most Worshipful Brother Stuart A. Wright was installed as grand master of Masons in California. We look forward to a year of growth and prosperity under his leadership, inspired by his theme: “Freemasonry… the difference is you.”

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Commemorating a Masonic Monument

August 15, 2018

Earlier this summer, Grand Master Galloway joined the Masons of King David’s Lodge No. 209 for a ceremonial resealing of the Dorn Pyramid, a 23-foot tall granite mausoleum originally constructed in 1905. Robert Sachs, master of King David’s Lodge, shares the history and rumors of the Dorn Pyramid.

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A Big Spark

June 7, 2018

Raven’s Rock Lodge, since it’s opened its doors on June 10, 2017, has been producing local events that revolve around education and the arts, aiming to lift the community while staying true to Masonic tenets and traditions.

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Wonders of Masonic America

May 17, 2018

If you’ve been seeking an excuse to see the country, there’s no better time than the present. The lens of Freemasonry offers a fascinating perspective!

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Masons4Mitts: Baseball Is Back!

May 3, 2018

Dust off those gloves and get ready to knock one out of the park for your team: The 2018 Masons4Mitts season is now underway!

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Help Us Celebrate #MasonicDads!

April 18, 2018

California Freemason is launching a new hashtag campaign, #MasonicDad, to correspond with our July/August issue, which will focus on the theme of “Freemasonry and Fatherhood.” To participate, show us what Masonic fatherhood means to you!

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A Tradition of Scholarship

April 17, 2018

The 2018 Symposium – taking place June 9 in San Francisco and June 10 in Long Beach – will explore the fraternity’s whirlwind arrival in California, and the daring brothers who led the way.

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Of a Divine and Moral Nature

April 4, 2018

The term “sacred geometry” can be somewhat intimidating: How might geometry be sacred, one might wonder. And, how does Masonry fit in?

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California Freemason: Sacred Geometry

March 15, 2018

In Masonic philosophy, sacred geometry reveals ephemeral spiritual realities and personal truths through tangible architectural forms. From its roots in classical philosophy to contemporary applications, sacred geometry’s contemplation oftentimes leads to revelation.

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Why I Became a Mason

December 27, 2017

For Past Grand Master John L. Cooper III, the promise of Freemasonry inspired a life devoted to its craft.

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The Rites and Rituals of Freemasonry

December 20, 2017

One of the most interesting – and sometimes confusing – aspects of Freemasonry is its varied rituals and rites. To study them is to understand the fraternity’s wild creative streak and its ability to adapt to diverse social and cultural trends.

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Mozart’s Masonic Magic Flute

December 7, 2017

Learn about this Masonic masterpiece from one of our fraternity’s great scholars.

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A Spectacular Occasion

November 16, 2017

Masons from around the world gathered at the Royal Albert Hall for the United Grand Lodge of England’s tercentenary celebration. They celebrated the history and future of Freemasonry.

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California Freemason: The Prospect Issue

November 7, 2017

Read about members throughout California whose Masonic experience brought them exactly what they were seeking: brotherhood, friendship, and the path to a more meaningful life.

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The Masonic Hand of Charity

October 4, 2017

From the beginning, fraternal relief was both innovative and practical.

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California Freemason: Into the Future

September 8, 2017

This year marks the 300th anniversary of our great fraternity! Join California Freemason in exploring the history of Freemasonry – from today’s brotherhood to what might be possible in the future as society continues to evolve.

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August 15, 2017

In the mid- to late- 20th century, our country’s Masons led the way for lasting change.

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New Video: We Make a Profound Impact!

August 2, 2017

A new video created by the California Masonic Foundation offers an inspiring perspective of our Masonic quest to live a meaningful life.

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July/August California Freemason: 1941-Today

July 24, 2017

This year marks the 300th anniversary of our great fraternity! Join California Freemason in exploring the next chapter in the history of Freemasonry – from World War II to today’s brotherhood.

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July Is Support Our Veterans Month

July 14, 2017

Grand Master Heisner has declared July 2017 to be Support Our Veterans Month in California. Read his proclamation now.

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300th Anniversay Gala and Banquet

July 6, 2017

Join your brothers and toast to Freemasonry during an unforgettable night at the 300th Anniversary Gala!

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From Enlightenment to Revolution

June 22, 2017

Freemasonry’s fledgling years had an enduring impact on the future of Western civilization. Read the latest California Freemason feature now.

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Masons4Mitts Supports Children in Need

June 16, 2017

Masons are teaming up with Major League Baseball teams’ charitable progarms to support children in need.

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June Is Masonic Homes Month

June 1, 2017

Masonic Homes Month is the perfect opportunity to recognize the remarkable accomplishments of Masonic relief in California. Follow these helpful tips for starting a celebration of your own.

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May 10, 2017

In November 1910, San Francisco’s California Lodge No. 1 held its 61st annual banquet and ball. The program, which included remarks by several lodge members, as well as music, was accompanied by a mouth-watering four-course meal. Each guest received a printed program and menu card listing the courses. Presented in French, the menu suggests a high level of elegance.

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Around the Masonic Table

April 3, 2017

For hundreds of years, sharing meals with brothers has been a treasured Masonic tradition. In the newest issue of California Freemason, we delve deeply into this practice – from the beginning of the fraternity to today’s traditions. Join us for a trip around the world from Masonic tables to toasts and beyond!

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The First and Most Important Care of Leadership

March 15, 2017

As Masons, we have made the choice to join a group of like-minded individuals to assist in our personal growth and improvement. Many of us have chosen to become leaders within this fraternity, as we find this aspect of the craft to be fulfilling.

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Get Ready for Public Schools Month!

March 9, 2017

A priority of the 2020 Fraternity Plan is to make a positive impact on society. When public schools get the support they need, that impact is made not only in classrooms, but in the future of each student. Here are some ways you and your lodge can make a difference. Donate to the California Masonic […]

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Celebrate Youth Orders Month

March 1, 2017

Throughout our state, young men and women turn to DeMolay, Job’s Daughters, and Rainbow for Girls for a unique environment of brotherhood and sisterhood. There, they transform from timid youths into confident leaders. They learn respect, patriotism, tolerance, and reverence. They form friendships that last a lifetime. To recognize our Masonic youth and to encourage […]

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History at Your Fingertips

February 15, 2017

Freemasons have been active in California even since before it was officially a state, and many notable artifacts from every age are available online to interested Masonic scholars. Kick off a research project or ignite your inner history buff by exploring the collections of the Henry Wilson Coil Library and Museum of Freemasonry. CLICK HERE […]

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Freemasonry Set Free

DECIPHERING THE CONNECTIONS BETWEEN PRINCE HALL MASONRY AND THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD. By Tyler Ash For nearly 200 years, the Underground Railroad has been an elusive, almost mythical aspect of American history, shaping the way we view the cultural and sociopolitical landscapes of the American psyche during the 1800s. A key question continues to elude historians: […]

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Masons of California Annual Report

February 13, 2017

In 2016, California Masons led the way on many different fronts for our fraternity — and now we are looking forward to our future. Read the 2016 Annual Report to learn more about statewide initiatives that will come to fruition in the coming year, and discover how you can apply the lessons and successes of […]

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Acacia Creek Receives National Distinction

February 1, 2017

At Acacia Creek’s founding, its board members set out to create a different kind of retirement community: One that would unite Masons and non-Masons alike in a shared culture of respect, community, and enthusiasm for life. One where the desire to “age successfully” — to establish continued growth and learning as an integral part of […]

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A New look at the mythology of The Travelling Man

December 2, 2016

In addition to the symbolism attached to architectural tools, Freemasonry is built upon stories and legends. And, no story is more intriguing than the one about the “traveling man” – the stonemason who traveled from work site to work site in search of a job. We have little direct evidence of how traveling stonemasons did […]

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Welcoming California’s Newest Lodges

On September 16, 2016, the fraternity celebrated the institution of Regius University, U.D. in Fresno. This was followed by the institution of Benicia’s Carquinez Lodge, U.D., on September 23, and that of The Downtown Masonic Lodge, U.D. in Los Angeles on September 30. Between 75 and 100 brothers attended each celebration. It’s the beginning of […]

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The Modern Masonic Maker

October 20, 2016

Since the beginning, Freemasonry has captured the minds and hearts of some of the most imaginative men of each generation. Though far removed from the stonemasons who envisioned and built Europe’s grand cathedrals, the desire to create something new, beautiful, and impactful carries through to present day. In this issue of California Freemason, Mark Frauenfelder […]

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An Early California Leader, and a Mason

The Henry Wilson Coil Library and Museum of Freemasonry has among its archives an 1857 petition for the Royal Arch degrees of John Bidwell. Shown here, with punctuation added for clarity, the certificate reads: To the M.W. High Priest, King, Scribe, and Companions of Washington R.A. Chapter No. 13: The petition of the subscriber respectfully […]

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Brothers Across the Pond

In 2014, Bro. Mark Rosen of America Lodge No. 3368 in England visited Pasadena Masonic Lodge No 272. Rosen had grown up in Pasadena and settled in England after moving there for an Air Force assignment. Since moving to England, he had been married, started a successful business, and become a Mason. During his visit […]

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text:
• Professor, Global Health
  • Professor, Epidemiology
  • Professor, Medicine - Allergy and Infectious Dis.

Ninth and Jefferson Building 12th Floor
908 Jefferson Street
Box 359927
Seattle, WA 98104
United States

Phone Number:
Select from the following:

Dr. Baeten is Professor of Global Health, Medicine, and Epidemiology at the University of Washington. His research focuses on the prevention of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases, including clinical trials of novel prevention interventions, epidemiologic studies of risk factors for HIV transmission, work at the interface of HIV prevention and reproductive health, and behavioral, translational, and implementation science research aimed at optimizing prevention delivery. He led the Partners PrEP Study and MTN-020/ASPIRE, randomized clinical trials that demonstrated the efficacy of oral tenofovir-based pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and the dapivirine vaginal ring for protection against HIV acquisition; he also was part of the leadership of the ECHO Study, which examined HIV risk related to hormonal contraceptive use in a randomized trial. He is Co-Principal Investigator of the NIH-funded Microbicides Trials Network.

  • MD (University of Washington)
  • PhD (University of Washington)
  • BA (Washington University)
Country Affiliations
  • Spanish
  • Swahili
Health Topics
  • COVID-19
  • Epidemiology
  • Family Planning
  • Gender
  • HIV Transmission
  • Implementation Science
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Male Circumcision
  • Prevention
  • Research
  • STDs (other than HIV)
DGH Centers, Programs and Initiatives and Affiliated Organizations

Baeten JM, Donnell D, Ndase P, Mugo NR, Campbell JD, Wangisi J, Tappero JW, Bukusi EA, Cohen CR, Katabira E, Ronald A, Tumwesigye E, Were E, Fife KH, Kiarie J, Farquhar C, John-Stewart G, Kakia A, Odoyo J, Mucunguzi A, Nakku-Joloba E, Twesigye R, Ngure K, Apaka C, Tamooh H, Gabona F, Mujugira A, Panteleeff D, Thomas KK, Kidoguchi L, Krows M, Revall J, Morrison S, Haugen H, Emmanuel-Ogier M, Ondrejcek L, Coombs RW, Frenkel L, Hendrix C, Bumpus N, Bangsberg D, Haberer JE, Stevens WS, Lingappa JR, Celum C; Partners PrEP Study Team. Antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV prevention in heterosexual men and women. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:399-410.

Baeten JM, Palanee-Phillips T, Brown ER, Schwartz K, Soto-Torres LE, Govender V, Mgodi NM, Kiweewa FM, Nair G, Mhlanga F, Siva S, Bekker L-G, Jeenarain N, Gaffoor Z, Martinson F, Makanani B, Pather A, Naidoo L, Husnik M, Richardson BA, Parikh UM, Mellors JW, Marzinke MA, Hendrix CW, van der Straten A, Ramjee G, Chirenje ZM, Nakabiito C, Taha TE, Jones J, Mayo A, Scheckter R, Berthiaume J, Livant E, Jacobson C, Ndase P, White R, Patterson K, Germuga D, Galaska B, Bunge K, Singh D, Szydlo DW, Montgomery ET, Mensch BS, Torjesen K, Grossman CI, Chakhtoura N, Nel A, Rosenberg Z, McGowan I, Hillier S; MTN-020/ASPIRE Study Team. Use of a vaginal ring containing dapivirine for HIV-1 prevention in women. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(22):2121-2132.

The Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes (ECHO) Trial Consortium. HIV incidence among women using intramuscular depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, a copper intrauterine device, or a levonorgestrel implant for contraception: A randomised, open-label clinical trial. Lancet. 2019;394:303-13.


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“The architectural world seems to be responding to Charlottesville with deafening silence”

Aug 30, 2017 by

ident-turned-architect, Thomas Jefferson in the 1820s, was the chilling prelude to the events of Saturday 12 August 2017 in Charlottesville.

The fascists came from far afield in an organised display of white-supremacist hatred that left 19 injured, one murdered, two troopers dead in a helicopter crash and America reeling. At the heart of their stated mission was a local authority planning decision – the proposed removal (and sale) of a poorly executed bronze statue depicting a defeated Confederate general made 59 years after the end of the civil war.

The extraordinary events of Charlottesville have revealed the terrifying emboldenment of white supremacism under President Trump and show that the question of memorialisation in public space has become the most incendiary architectural debate of our time.

The demolition of monuments is as much a symbolic act as their erection and just as old. From the British destruction of Beijing’s Gardens of Perfect Brightness amid the second Opium War to ISIS bombing the Great Mosque of al-Nuri in Mosul two months ago, monuments have been made and torn down to further political projects of all creeds.

The question of memorialisation in public space has become the most incendiary architectural debate of our time

Recent iconoclastic campaigns, however, are not set against a backdrop of imperial war. They are instead taking place domestically, as populations wrestle with the appropriate manner to reflect on the dark moments and contested figures of their past. My question is this: where on earth are architects in this discussion? The contemporary iconoclasm movement is no passing parochial fad, but marks a profound global shift in public agency over our streets. It wraps some of the most challenging discussions of colonialism, anti-racism and the built expression of public values into a fundamentally spatial problem. The design of the civic realm is at the absolute core of our expertise and yet the architectural world seems to be responding to this urgent conflict with deafening silence.

It cannot be to right to take a back seat, passively waiting for battles over public monuments to run their course, when acute suffering accompanies each struggle. How many neighbourhoods must endure mobs of Neo-Nazis marching past their homes? How many antifascist demonstrators will be hurt or killed in the counter demonstrations? This is not a situation that should be left to fumble along in bursts of violence. It calls for urgent creative attention and bold proposals. It calls on architects not to step back, but to step up.

In 1991, Hungarian architect Ákos Eleőd began work on an open-air museum several miles outside Budapest’s city centre, to relocate the city’s many Soviet statues erected over decades of occupation. With the fall of the USSR, central and eastern European nations had entered protracted periods of rediscovering their cultural identity. As the Red Army had crept west, they had become trigger-happy makers of monuments to idealised workers, soldiers and the grandfathers of communism. Often the new sculptures would deliberately replace existing ones, expunging the folk memories that once resonated in those districts and supplanting them with Russian propaganda.

This situation calls for urgent creative attention and bold proposals. It calls on architects not to step back, but to step up

After the Berlin Wall fell, Budapest, like other Eastern Bloc cities, had to look at redesigning its urban landscape, which was now littered with concrete Lenins. The USSR had effectively controlled Hungary for half a century, perpetuating violent suppression, forced labour and man-made famines that left millions dead. Yet it also constituted a huge chapter in their nationhood and was thought of nostalgically by many, especially older generations. The statues were a schizophrenic symbol of both abject suffering and paternalistic care. The challenge was to detoxify the stain of Sovietism but in a nuanced way – a way which could be more sympathetic that the USSR’s top-down rewriting of local history.

Eleőd’s Memento Park, completed in 1993, is a calm but surreal space in which the giant frozen figures are arranged along six circular gravel paths. A free-standing neo-byzantine brick portico forms a gatehouse accommodating cubist sculptures of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. But it feels deliberately thin – a nod, not an endorsement.

The rest of the park is grand in scale, but not opulent. The statues are treated with basic curatorial respect but are not venerated. Even charging of an entry fee rather than relying on public subsidies seems like a carefully considered decision to establish the appropriate tone for these equivocal monuments. Memento Park is not necessarily the perfect model to be rolled out across the world but it demonstrates how architecture can navigate extreme political differences to articulate bitter moral conflict more effectively than language can.

“Nelson’s Column should be next” thundered the Guardian in a predictably clickbaity attempt to test the logical next step after Charlottesville. It was a provocative thought experiment but the bullish reduction hard moral questions to a churlish “keep it” vs “knock it down” binary that is typical of a media-led public debate will ultimately fail to provide meaningful restitution on any side.

Even universally lionised heroes of the past measure up abysmally to the ethical expectations of subsequent generations. The Suffragettes’ links to early British fascists are well known – should Emmeline Pankhurst’s memorial in Westminster therefore face the chop? Mahatma Gandhi is recored to have harboured racist thoughts about Africans – should his statue in Nelson Mandela Square be removed as a similar one was at the University of Ghana?

Or what of George Washington? At the time of his death, 317 people were enslaved at Washington’s family home, 153 of whom he owned personally. What coherent moral argument can necessitate the removal of a Robert E Lee statue but spare the founding father? Surely if Lee must fall then so must Mount Rushmore and the one dollar bill.

Barack Obama remains an inspiration to many. But it’s not hard to imagine iconoclasts of the future citing the tens of thousands who died in Iraq during his presidency, or the waves of drone bombings he authorised in support of an Obama Must Fall campaign.

It is not possible to simplistically set an ethical bar when weighing the actions of a supposed hero’s right to a plinth

It is not possible to simplistically set an ethical bar when weighing the actions of a supposed hero’s right to a plinth in public space. This conception of human morality is too narrow. Context is crucial. Winston Churchill’s statue might be acceptable in London’s Parliament Square, but it would be sick in Dresden.

Eric Foner, professor of history at Columbia University, argues that commissioning should be considered and that the symbolic authenticity of the confederate statues is disingenuous, adding to the case against them. Many were built long after the civil war. Their rushed construction, Foner argues, was not about mourning dead soldiers, but really triumphalist intimidation of black Americans suffering under the infamous Jim Crow laws.

Architects must not stand on the edge of this debate. Our leaders are failing to bring forward effective proposals to deal promptly with our tainted public spaces, while our media frames the struggle in unsatisfactory terms. We cannot sit aside, letting the struggle play out as a series of deadly skirmishes, handing Neo-Nazis easy opportunities to grab headlines and causing trauma to communities. Instead architects should pour creative energy into this issue, bring bold new ideas to the table and at the very least speak out against against those who turn our public spaces into platforms of hate.

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3.8 C
New York
Tuesday, November 30, 2021

Tokyo rubber futures rise to 2-1/2-mth high on solid economic data

TOKYO, Dec 9 (Reuters) – Tokyo rubber futures rose nearly 2 percent to a 2-1/2-month high on Monday as solid economic data from top rubber consumers China and the United States brightened the outlook for the global economy, and led to a softer yen and higher equities prices.

The benchmark rubber contract on the Tokyo Commodity Exchange for May delivery rose 5.3 yen, or 1.9 percent, to settle at 281.1 yen ($2.74) per kg, the highest closing price since Sept 24. It earlier hit an intraday high of 282.3 yen.

“Strong U.S. payrolls data, along with China’s trade figures, made investors believe the global economy is steadily improving,” said Masahiro Tamagawa, a derivatives marketing manager at Dot Commodity.

“The softer yen and firmer share prices also boosted investor sentiment,” he said.

U.S. employers hired more workers than expected in November and the jobless rate hit a five-year low of 7.0 percent, raising chances the Federal Reserve could start ratcheting back its bond-buying stimulus as soon as this month.

China’s exports handily beat forecasts in November, customs data showed on Sunday, adding to recent evidence of a stabilisation in the world’s second-largest economy as its leaders embark on an ambitious restructuring plan.

The dollar held firm against the yen at 103.15 yen following Friday’s 1.1 percent rally, not far from the six-month peak of 103.38 hit on last Tuesday.

Japan’s Nikkei climbed 2.3 percent on Monday, its best one-day gain in three months, spurred by a slide in the yen after an upbeat U.S. jobs report raised expectations the Federal Reserve will soon begin removing its stimulus.

“TOCOM benchmark will likely try 290 yen level, last hit on Sept. 9,” Dot Commodity’s Tamagawa said.

The most-active rubber contract on the Shanghai futures exchange for May delivery was up 405 yuan at 19,830 yuan ($3,300) per tonne.

The front-month January rubber contract on Singapore’s SICOM exchange was last traded at 234.2 U.S. cents per kg, down 0.6 cents.

($1 = 102.7050 Japanese yen)

($1 = 6.0817 Chinese yuan)

(Reporting by Yuka Obayashi; Editing by Gopakumar Warrier)

Source: Reuters

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Global Sisterz Media

First Draft of Our LOGO This weekend was AMAZING.. Global Sisterz Media Team Members, Kadesh (United Kingdom) and MyiaTwiggy (Boston), traveled to NYC. The day was cloudy, balmy and wet, sort of reminiscent of the 'London Fog' Deshy had left behind. Together we hustled through the windy streetz, never skipping a beat (even when we … Continue reading Global Sisterz Media


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12 Broad Street
Berlin, MD 21811

Thursday 4-10pm
Fri & Sat 11am-12am
Sunday 11am-6pm

Visit the Rest of Our Burley Family at These Locations:

10016 Old Ocean City Blvd. Berlin, MD

We have been hard at work building this brewery keeping in mind sustainable practices and using local materials and craftsmen. We love our town of Berlin, Maryland, and hope you join us in our taproom for a couple of pints and growlers. Our goal is to produce distinctive beers whose quality is unsurpassed using new and traditional brewing methods.

114 Main Street Berlin, Maryland

A retail store inspired by the adventure and trading culture of the Vikings. This shop features handcrafted , vintage, and unique, artisanal items as well as high quality merchandise available for purchase.

501 N Bi State Blvd
Delmar, DE 19940

Our love for craft beer and our mission to share it with others led to the creation of a second brewery in Delmar, Delaware called Loakal Branch. Much like Burley Oak, its style of brewing is inspired by small-batch brewing processes, and high-quality local ingredients.

Main Street
Berlin, MD 21811

Just a short walk to the center of Berlin, Md, ‘America’s coolest Small Town,’ 1 mile to the Burley Oak Brewery, and 7 miles to Ocean City and Assateague Island, this rental home is perfect for packing in a variety of adventures!


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Mining Jobs Jobs Freelance. Full-Time. Internship. Part-Time. Temporary. Type Temporary Job Driver/ Storeman needed at West Cape JobsNations Staff Location West Cape ... Bitcoin mining is the process by which new bitcoins are entered into circulation, but it is also a critical component of the maintenance and development of the blockchain ledger.Sep 09, 2021 · New York IT Head Accused of Mining for Cryptocurrency On the Job. Hopkins Published: September 9, 2021. Bitcoin is a controversial digital currency that can be sent from user to user through a network, without the need for a bank or mediator. The value is guaranteed by the network of users, though the actual value of the coins that are mined ... NIOSH Mining Employment Opportunities. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Mining Program recruits to fill a diverse range of research and operational positions on an ongoing basis. Most of these positions are within the NIOSH Mining research centers in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and Spokane, Washington.


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The transportation industry is facing unprecedented challenges in the age of COVID-19. Most sectors have been impacted by a rapid decline in global demand for passenger travel, significant budget short-falls due to lost revenue, and the need for major operational changes due to shelter-in-place orders, travel restrictions, and social distancing requirements.

The pandemic has been a catalyst — and accelerant — for broad socio-economic change, deeply transforming our daily lives and the way that businesses operate. Workflows need to be digitized, simplified, and automated. More work needs to be done remotely, requiring new levels of web-based collaboration, data access, and security. Mobile workers may now be required to perform tasks remotely rather than visiting sites for costly and lengthy inspections.

This webinar will explore the digital transformation in transportation and outline specific example cases where location intelligence is enabling customers to achieve new levels of safety and productivity.

Our Privacy Policy describes how we process Personal Data about you. It also provides information on how you may exercise any of your rights as a Data Subject. You have the right to withdraw your consent at any time by clicking on the "Unsubscribe" link within the electronic marketing communications sent to you. By submitting this form, you agree to our Terms of Use.