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Your Park (Live): Beyond the Birds on International Avenue

Organizer: Nature Calgary

Come explore Elliston Park and the 68th Street Wetlands with Nature Calgary. We have a variety of nature-filled activities for everyone! Join one of our expert-led guided walks on the flora and fauna of Elliston Park. If birds are more your thing we have walks around the 68th street wetlands. You can also come down to sample the water to see what kind of bugs live here. You can also visit our natural history interpretive station. Participants will also receive a customized park map (translated into several languages) that highlight the best viewpoints and common wildlife found in the park.

Hosted by: Nature Calgary

Go back to the map

Date & Time

Sat, Jul 31, 2021
to Sat, Jul 31, 2021

10:00 AM - 2:00 PM

1827 68 Street Southeast
Calgary AB


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14828 Maternity 66 Leggings

Availability: In stock

These semi-sheer leggings are made for the mom to be.
Light leg support keeps the legs from fatigue. The panty part provides knitted zones for perfect support during pregnancy and a push-up effect. The extra-wide waistband grows with the belly.

66 Den / Light leg support / Adjustable waistband / Sewn in insert for tummy with knitted baby toes / Matte finish

  • machine wash cold gentle
  • do not bleach
  • do not tumble dry
  • do not iron
  • do not dry clean
0 stars based on 0 reviews

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Tendre Fleur - Flute Duet

By F. Burgmueller, arr. Doniell C. Cushman

Woodwind duet

Includes score and parts

Digital download

Musicians who viewed this also viewed

Product details

Title: Tendre Fleur - Flute Duet

Ensemble: Woodwind duet

Composer: F. Burgmueller

Arranger: Doniell C. Cushman

Includes score: Yes

Includes parts: Yes

SKU: PS-2654633-D

Seller: Cushman Music

About digital downloads:

All music sold on Parts and Score can be downloaded as a PDF. That means you can view it on your phone, tablet, or computer. Once you download your music, you can even print it out. Just download and play it!

Do note that you are only allowed to print the number of copies that you buy. And you many not distribute more copies (digital or printed) than you bought (e.g., sharing copies with students). Each PDF will have a watermark at the bottom of each page with your name.

Tendre Fleur - Flute Duet

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Download instantly

More woodwind duet music

Also written by F. Burgmueller

More sold by Cushman Music


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A "water level report" from the P.SO:OA headquarters

We just want to get in touch with you at this point and issue a "water level report" from the Party.San Metal Open Air headquarters.

Even if we have no breaking news at hand, a year of being banned from the profession, we want to try to give you a perspective. We survived the turn of the year well, meanwhile networked with many other organizers and worked on solutions for all of our problems. We have done everything to ensure that our beloved Party.San Metal Open Air can continue to exist. We are hearing the cancellations of the first major European and German festivals these days and can imagine that you are slowly starting to think about how things will turn out with us. Anyone who follows the press with interest will notice that the previous policy can no longer be continued and that other strategies are needed in order to circumnavigate this pandemic. We assume that this will happen very quickly. The Party.San Metal Open Air is more flexible than the big festivals and does not require such an extremely long planning time. We are currently assuming that we can take place in August on a smaller scale than usual. Due to the travel restrictions, we maybe won't be able to bring some bands to Schlotheim and have to adjust to completely new hygiene measures. The goal is to be able to celebrate a party without a mask and without any distance and to convince the authorities of our plan. The legal basis has to be created in the next two to three months. We are prepared for this scenario, have dealt with the feasibility in detail and are now waiting for the decisions of our government.

We hope that you will stay loyal to us, keep your tickets and be ready to walk this difficult path with us.

With best regards from Weimar, Germany

The P.S:O:A team

Um das Jahr 2020 nicht in Stille verkommen zu lassen, blasen wir zur

zweiteiligen Herbstoffensive Mitte Oktober.

Often comes unexpectedly, or as we like to say "there is always something!".

In this case it is the cancellation of Wormrot that we have…

As already promised, we have thought about the presale of 2021.

The past few weeks have shown that you value our transparency…


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Skip to content

In The Community

We care about the communities where we live and work.

No one understands our communities better than the people who live there. That’s why we hire locals, sponsor local teams, and support organizations that make Edmonton and the surrounding region strong.

We support groups that help our community.

Since 2010, Pasta Pantry has donated time and meals to the Ronald McDonald House in Edmonton, which is a home for sick kids receiving treatment at the Stollery Children’s Hospital.

Have an event or program you’d like to tell us about?

Contact Us


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Mindfulness and Sensory Processing Disorder

It’s been a long while since the last post as this year amidst the trials of the global pandemic, I have found myself struggling with my lifelong issues relating to sensory processing disorder. You may be wondering what sensory processing disorder is and also what on earth it has to do with mindfulness. If so,… Continue reading Mindfulness and Sensory Processing Disorder

Lifestyle · Mindfulness · Self Esteem

My Body, My Temple

These past few weeks I have been engaging more with the feelings and sensations of my own body through mindful movement. It is interesting moving mindfully. What usually can seem like a normal step during a walk suddenly becomes an entire experience, with an open awareness of how each muscle in the foot expands and… Continue reading My Body, My Temple


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273 College St Kingston, Ontario K7L 4M1

5 Bedroom 2 Bathroom
2 Level Forced Air

Great investment property or with a little vision it could become a sweet family home once again. This house has 5 bedrooms plus a den which the current tenants are using as a 6th bedroom. There are two bathrooms, one on each floor and can be purchased furnished with a bed, desk, dresser and chair in each room. Laundry in the lower level along with plenty of storage. There is space in the driveway for 6 cars. Has been easy to rent and is close to express bus stops and is a comfortable walking distance to both main and West Queen's campus. (id:38736)

Property Details

MLS® Number K21001396
Property Type Single Family
Neigbourhood 14 - City Central East
Community Name Kingston
Equipment Type Water Heater
Rental Equipment Type Water Heater

Bathroom Total 2
Bedrooms Above Ground 5
Bedrooms Total 5
Age Over 50 Years
Appliances Washer, Refrigerator, Dishwasher, Stove, Dryer, Microwave, Window Coverings
Architectural Style 2 Level
Basement Development Partially Finished
Basement Type Full (partially Finished)
Construction Style Attachment Detached
Exterior Finish Vinyl Siding
Fire Protection Smoke Detectors
Foundation Type Stone
Heating Fuel Unknown
Heating Type Forced Air
Stories Total 2
Type House
Utility Water Municipal Water

No Garage

Access Type Road Access
Acreage No
Sewer Municipal Sewage System
Size Irregular 53x60
Size Total Text 53x60|under 1/2 Acre
Zoning Description Residential

Level Type Dimensions
Second Level Bedroom 12' x 11'
Second Level Bedroom 13'6" x 9'9"
Second Level Bedroom 12' x 7'
Main Level Living Room 13 ft x 12 ft
Main Level Kitchen 14' x 13' IRREGULAR
Main Level Bedroom 14' x 12'
Main Level Bedroom 12' x 10'
Main Level Den 12' x 5'6"

Contact us for more information

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Exp Realty, Brokerage
10 - 221 Queen St
Kingston, Ontario K7K 1B4

(866) 530-7737

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Free Report – 10 Disaster Recovery Essentials

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    In this report you’ll learn the 10 essentials you need to have in place to be able to recover in the event a disaster strikes. Remember, most businesses do not recovery after a disaster and usually shutdown.

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Peace Playground

Home > News & Events > Peace Playground

Is it time for our Playground??? Shelly Mathews and Ken Birge, Youth and Education Team liaisons for council, believe this is a great time! We are working hard to have a Playground Proposal for approval by Council. But first we’ll gather some information so an informed, accurate decision can be made. We have already contacted our insurance company, Brotherhood Mutual, and received their important recommendations on “Playground Design” and “Equipment Maintenance.” Once we have specific equipment choices made, we will seek bids and provide accurate information to Council for a decision. Please give the project some prayerful thought and consideration. Questions, concerns, or ideas are welcome! Contact Ken Birge or Shelly Mathews


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Product Details

Neptune's Harvest Fish/Seaweed Blend Fertilizer - 1 Gallon

 Neptune's Harvest Organic Fish/Seaweed Blend Fertilizer gives you the best of both products with a perfect blend of fish hydrolysate and seaweed, ensuring a complete fertilization program

Growers using our fertilizer regularly have reported increased marketable yields and improved shelf life on fruits and vegetables.

Fish and Seaweed are known to build the natural sugar in plants. Flowers and foliage will be stronger and more colorful. Blooms will be more plentiful, fragrant and longer lasting.

Available for pick up in early June

Container Supplied $70.00 Add To Cart
Customer Provides Container $65.00 Add To Cart
Stock Availability AVAILABLE


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A Trip Back in Time: How People Talked About Equipment For Playgrounds 20 Years Ago.

There are a lot of things to take into consideration when choosing playground equipment like design, accessibility, and simplicity of upkeep of the property. You only have to provide access to a swing, one particular climber, or a slide. There are multiples of activities found in an indoor playground, so you are able to offer play for active children.Used and recycled playground equipment is ideal for a company with a small budget. However, new equipment for playgrounds can be affordable, too. Search for playsets online from wooden to plastic models, built for durability and safety.

equipment for playgrounds

The equipment itself is the largest expense when laying out your playground. Don’t forget to prepare the ground by making it level and spreading mulch or rubber matting in areas where there is a higher probability of falling. Make sure you have proper drainage to keep water away that can damage metal and wood components over time.There’s a collection of school equipment easily available in the marketplace, and that’s why you need to research the best to suit your school or home needs. Alternately, you may sell the old equipment and purchase a new one. Inexpensive playground equipment is only a few clicks away.

A company that makes equipment for playgrounds has all of the products for any sort of surfacing project. They will assess the area to make necessary changes, before delivering each item made with the architectural appeal and functionality. When you purchase from them, you can be assured about the high quality and the operation of the goods.Your play area will call for additional yearly upkeep and maintenance. The playground pieces have several functions to work a selection of muscle groups and inspire creative play. Eventually, used playground pieces will need hardware replacement.If any assembly is needed, you should have professional installation. Instructions will be provided if you want to do it yourself. Finding matching components and replacement parts can be challenging, so ask the manufacturer what to do if the need arises.

Find an existing playset you admire explain to the manufacturer that you would like model your set after them. You should check your budget to be sure the set cost is in line. There are plenty of techniques to which you are able to save costs on outdoor playground equipment. You can deal with your expenses by choosing one component at a time.Playground play is a rather significant part of a kid’s development for a lot of reasons. At present, there are a number of outdoor games and equipment’s in the market, so it is possible to purchase your favorite pieces in accordance with your requirements and price.Since every playground differs, each playset is customizable, and scalable to give you many solutions and ensure you receive something built particularly for your demands. If you’ve been to many newer playgrounds, you will most likely notice more accessible locations for children with disabilities as well. From the start, it’s critical for children to play and interact socially.


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Subscribe to My Newsletter!

Friday, February 22, 2013

I Wrote Myself into a Corner!

The New Jersey Romance Writers' #JeRoWriMo Challenge has been great! In three weeks I have pumped out a total of 23,193 words. Everything was moving along so well until two days ago when I realized I had written myself into a corner--and there was no easy way out. :^(

What to do?

There's plenty of advice online, but I found Ken Levine's suggestions useful for me. I went back, added a scene and put a note in the beginning of the story where I need to add information when I return to edit the rough draft.

The most important thing to remember is that what I have IS a rough draft. I will have to layer in more emotion, more sensory detail, and take out redundant phrases along with tired old words the second time around.

Nevertheless, I am happy with what has been happening in the story. It has been fun! I think I'll try the writing challenge next year, too.

MarkD60 said...

I had a student in my scuba class who had himself written into a corner. He had a scuba diver, 200 feet underwater in a cave, and he had lost all his scuba gear and was holding his breath. Dave didn't know how he was going to get the diver outta there. Read "Down To A Sunless Sea", by David Poyer and find out how he got out.

I love your blog, but this will be my last comment unless you turn off word verification.

Penelope Marzec said...

I am sorry about the word verification, but the spamming trolls drove me crazy.

You can always make comments on my Facebook page, because whatever I post here is also posted there. :^)

Unknown said...

Hi Penelope!

I participate in NaNoWriMo every year, and for the past couple, the Ruby Slippered Sisterhood, which holds a similar writing challenge. It's fun, but with NaNoWriMo, you have to work your tail off! And then the editing kicks in... two more months of work... LOL. Thanks for a few tips though, I think it will all come in handy.

Dottie :)

Penelope Marzec said...

I've never tried NaNoWriMo. 50,000 words in one month is just too much--especially since it's in November.

JeRoWriMom--at 30,000 words--is manageable.


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HFZA continues its success in attracting foreign investments

SHARJAH, 2nd January, 2021 (WAM) — Hamriyah Free Zone Authority, HFZA, has reinforced its reputation and position as a prominent destination regionally and globally despite of the Covid-19’s global economic fallout, after two giant African petrochemicals companies (Global Vision Specialty Chemicals & Proud Lubricants and Grease IND) announced investments in the free zone by leasing over 1,076,391 sq. ft. plots of land.

The deal was signed at HFZA headquarters by Saud Salim Al Mazrouei, Director of Hamriyah Free Zone Authority, and Antonio Joao Pinto, the Founder, and CEO of the two firms, in the presence of senior officials from both sides. According to the MoU, the two companies are expected to inaugurate world-class petrochemicals factories and warehouses for export to local, regional, and global markets.

Global Vision Specialty Chemicals is specialised in Blending, Packaging & Drumming of Drilling Upstream & Downstream Petrochemicals and Chemical Additives, while the activity of Proud Lubricants and Grease IND is the manufacturing of Lubricants, Grease, Plastic Products & Tins.

Saud Salim Al Mazrouei described this new investment as a testament to Sharjah’s pioneering position as a business destination for innovation and future companies and a main gateway to regional and global markets, affirming that the petrochemicals industry is one of the key factors of the emirate’s economic diversification strategy and development plans, stressing the importance of attracting such specialized companies to bolster the knowledge economy.

Al Mazrouei added, “HFZA has successfully managed to turn the current global challenges into opportunities for further enhancing innovation and distinction in the services provided, thanks to the directives of H.H. Dr. Sheikh Sultan bin Muhammad Al Qasimi, Supreme Council Member and Ruler of Sharjah, in terms of supporting the business sector and achieving sustainable economic development.”

Concluding his remarks, Al Mazrouei lauded the economic stimulus packages adopted earlier by the Sharjah Government to strengthen the presence of foreign investments and ensure business sustainability.

For his part, Antonio Joao Pinto hailed the cooperation and facilities provided by HFZA to launch the new investment, thanking the HFZA team for the professionalism they have shown to expedite the roll out of the operations of the two companies.

“After a deliberate study, we’ve chosen the Emirate of Sharjah to be the centre of our operations and expansion activities, thanks to the various investment advantages and the premium services provided to the companies operating in Sharjah’s free zones,” he explained.

Pinto added, “Our primary focus is to enhance our presence in the European and Asian markets, benefiting from the zone’s sophisticated infrastructure, as well as the facilities and services, and the vast business networking HFZA provides to its investors.”

Thanking HFZA’s management for its great support and tremendous efforts, Pinto concluded, “I hope our investment in HFZA will be a new era for our companies to further penetrate additional global markets, especially that the petrochemicals industry is largely involved into a number of essential products that have an important role in the economic development.”

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Member helpline 01738 448325

Tay Cities Food and Drink Expo 2021 - Perthshire Chamber of Commerce

Tay Cities Food and Drink Expo 2021

Perth & Kinross Council (@PerthandKinross) | Twitter

Tay Cities Food & Drink Expo 2021 - 10th May 2021

The expo is an annual showcase event and celebration of the delicious food & drink in the Tay Cities Region. It’s the perfect platform for producers in the region to showcase their offering to hospitality buyers. We want to see your products being featured in local restaurants, independent retailers and on the shelves of supermarkets nationally. It’s a chance to take your business to the next level.

We have taken the time to speak to industry experts and hospitality businesses to identify the best format, date and time to run this event. We understand time is precious and by the 10 May 2021 hospitality businesses will have resumed service. We have identified some of the barriers to buyers engaging in the event and created an inclusive and accessible event. We have created a dedicated website to host the event. You will have a profile on the website to showcase your business and product offering. Your virtual pitch will be pre-recorded and uploaded to this page.

The website will be live on 10 May 2021 and buyers will use their personal log in to access the event. They can login at a time that suits them. Your contact details will be included on your profile for buyers to contact you for further discussion.

If you would like to find out more, please contact: Sarah Russell, Regional Food Group Coordinator for Great Perthshire sarah@checkin-giraffe.uk.

Product Samples

Producers have been asked if they would be happy to provide a sample for free to be featured in a goodie bag. This will be given to buyers who have committed to attending the event. This is an opportunity to get your product in front of buyers for them to experience it.

Video Pitch

A professional pitch to buyers is at the heart of any Expo. It’s how you sell yourself and your business to the buyer. It’s how you tell the buyer your story and what your unique selling point is.

Our Get Together in partnership with SAC Consulting have some helpful hints and tips which will help you create you video pitch. Here’s the link https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCBohHr154yz8AJ6K47GmtBQ  We recommend your video pitch is 2-5 mins in running time.

Once it’s made this video pitch can be used for future events, as website content, for promo campaigns and on social media etc.

Link to Appetite for Angus Website - Tay Cities Expo 2021 | Appetite for Angus

© 2021 Perthshire Chamber of Commerce | Registered in Scotland 21856 | VAT No: 270 6586 43 | Website by Broxden


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New Brighton Lighthouse

This is the last in the series because as nice as the shots are I’ll just be covering old ground. Radiohead were amazing last night. You can see a photo on my new 365 site. I didn’t like the tumblr one in the end and wanted more control so I made my own. I’ve also uploaded a video from my G9 which is surprisingly very good quality.

Photographer and part time Spider-man.

3 thoughts on “New Brighton Lighthouse”

  1. An impressive black and white image for its wide range of tones and fine processing. Excellent image.

Comments are closed.


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Our engineers keep your network healthy because your business depends on its ability to support all critical functions of your operations. With a solid network infrastructure, you can maximize the functions of your production and design work, project management, accounting, communications, proposals, and other applications that help your business and team succeed.

Peterson Technology Group ensures that your network stays up so that your business runs smoothly. With all the intricacies with your business, a healthy network means your team can streamline processes and operations, secure critical drawings and data, and ultimately meet client and project deadlines.

Security is crucial for financial institutions. Peterson Technology Group delivers the highest security requirements a financial institution can demand, and this is what distinguishes us from our competitors. Our unrivaled level of security is due to direct integration with Windows Security, 256 bit AES data encryption for all data transferred and active directory support.

There are countless tools and software available to keep your law firm running at maximum capacity. We bridge the gap between your network any productivity, file management, documentation automation and assembly, billing, accounting, case management, CRM, communication software, and tools.

With a secure and proper network infrastructure in place with Peterson Technology Group, our team is ready to help your business continue to evolve and run at its highest efficiency. Gain visibility across your global supply chain, support manufacturing strategies, meet ever-changing compliance, secure your data, streamline operations, and keep your business profitability up with a healthy network and a technical team that supports all your business needs.

Oil & Gas

Run a world-class organization by working with Peterson Technology Group to stream your network efficiency to work with the tools and operations you have in place to save both time and money. Capture, report, and evaluate field and production data. Improve productivity, service quality, and compliance. Ensure the safety of employees and reduce risk across your business.

In an industry that hardly ever sleeps, your network needs to run smoothly so you can be ready at any time to attend to your customers and their needs. Whether it's point of sale, inventory, reservation, or management, give your staff the tools they need to keep your customers happy, which ultimately means increased profitability.

Health Care

Every second can make a difference, which means that your systems and processes are required to perform at a moment's notice. Keeping your patients safe and your staff up to date makes a significant impact on your staff's ability to make the best decisions about treatment. Stay HIPAA compliant, follow industry and government regulations, transfer information securely, bill accurately, and increase efficiency.

Every nonprofit is unique, but what they all have in common is you do not have room for variance when setting budget priorities and expenses. The donors, sponsors, volunteers, and community you serve are turning to technology to access and provide services. We ensure nonprofits are up and running when services are needed most.

Keep costs down and maintain transportation and logistics revenue to differentiate your services and surge ahead of competitors. Access secure information from any device, gain performance through efficient IT architecture, maintain compliance, and reach real-time U.S. based 24x7 support anytime, anywhere.

Government/Law Enforcement

Demand for county and municipal services continues to expand while budgets shrink. Legacy systems struggle to support the increase in users, sites, and devices. Fragmented systems, records management, security measures, evidence and chain of custody make it more difficult to manage risk, security, and compliance. We offer solutions to these challenges and 24x7 Help Desk Services in order to monitor cloud, server, and endpoint devices, as well IT Security Services.

IT infrastructure is a necessity for high-performing insurance companies. Insurers must be able to communicate with the device most convenient for their clients. Every interaction must be secure, seamless, and responsive. Increase compliance, client retention, and profitability through automation. Reduce document errors, paperwork, and back-office expenses. Increase up-time, and access real-time 24x7 U.S. based IT Help Desk Services anytime.

We keep publishing companies performing. Improve productivity and save money by increasing up-times, monitoring for business continuity, and smart integration of cloud services, document management, and printing solutions.

Focus on patient treatment and let us focus on your IT infrastructure. With no hidden fees, your IT expenses are predictable and include 24x7 U.S. based Help Desk Services. We keep your IT system up-to-date and running smoothly. Stay compliant, keep patient information, credit card, and accounting data secure.

Real Estate

Real estate is a competitive and complex selling environment that relies heavily on technology. In one of the fastest paced industries, one cannot afford risking business with failing technology. Save money and time, move faster, stay compliant and secure so you can close more deals.

With increasing global threats of security breaches and consumer demand for secure services, you can depend on Peterson Technology Group to optimize your institution's IT performance, streamline expenses, boost security, and give your organization a competitive edge. We have the credentials to prove it.

Peterson Technology Group understand how technology integrates with the electrical, plumbing, and HVAC industry. We make sure everything runs smoothly, 24/7/365. Manage quotes, dispatch tradesmen, align administrative tasks, and improve customer satisfaction.


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PetLvr Mailbag: Teaching Gentleness

Dear Petlvr Mailbag … I have 2 rescue poodles, both males.  Buddy is a 3-year-old Standard and Troy is a 3-year-old Toy.  Buddy wants to play with little Troy.  It’s the 65 lbs. vs. the 8 … Read More

Poodle Complete Profile

Poodle Complete Profile by Image Details: Key Facts: Size: There are three sizes: standard, miniature and toy Height: Standard – Over 38 cm (15 in) Miniature – 28-38 cm (11-15 in) Toy – Under 28 … Read More

My Parents Have A New Puppy Dog

On March 14, 2005, my parents had to put PEPPY to sleep, one day before coming back from their winter vacation. He was 14 years old and died of liver and kidney complications. He was a … Read More

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Please spread the word :)


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Become a FULL Member of The PE Umbrella Community to access ALL areas of content including:

– 100’s of Activity Cards covering EYFS – Year 6 in numerous areas of learning

– Longevity of learning with clear differentiation and progressions on each card

– Questions and discussion points surrounding the different Umbrellas.  Which lens will you teach the activity through?

– New activity cards every month

-Access to all future content on the site

-Access to the FREE resources

Already a member?  Then click HERE to log in to your account

  1. rupert.townsend@hanwellfields.org

    I registered as a free member a few months ago and I would now like to join ‘properly’ and pay you for the amazing resources and brilliant podcast. I can’t seem to do this from the website.

    Can you help me?!

    Best wishes
    Rupert Townsend

Leave a Reply


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Personal Genetics Education Project

Online Professional Development Course

As genetic technologies become more widespread, how can our society ensure that education about and access to this information is available to all people? How can we prepare students to make informed choices for themselves and for society? In this 2-week interdisciplinary professional development workshop, we will explore the various ways in which genetics impacts our […]

NEW Educational Resources for Distance Learning

With many classrooms moving online, the pgEd team has shifted gears in the past weeks to focus on creating educational resources for distance learning. We are proud to now present you with brand new and shiny SNAPSHOTs.  SNAPSHOTs are a new way to bring pgEd into your classroom – especially if your classroom is a […]

pgEd’s 50 State Challenge – The Online Edition

At the start of 2020, pgEd made the New Decade Resolution to visit all 50 states in the USA. However, due to the travel restrictions and calls for physical distancing in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we have had to change our 2020 plans significantly. The pgEd team has shifted gears, and is focusing on […]

Hot off the press: ‘How Does Ancestry Testing Work?’

pgEd is excited to bring you our latest lesson plan: ‘How Does Ancestry Testing Work?‘. This lesson explores the science of genetic ancestry testing as well as the impacts direct-to-consumer ancestry tests can have on people’s understanding of their familial and cultural identity. We wrote this lesson so it can be used in the classroom, […]

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Page MenuHomePhabricator

Most images are not centered at mobile screen widths in Parsoid HTML
Open, MediumPublic

When viewing Parsoid HTML at mobile device widths with Minerva styling, most images are not centered:

The exception is certain images in mw-galleries, which do appear centered:

The expectation is that all images would be centered when viewed at mobile screen widths, as happens on the production mobile sites.

(Images from

Related: T171727

Event Timeline

Mholloway renamed this task from Most images are not centered at sub-tablet widths in Parsoid HTML to Most images are not centered at mobile screen widths in Parsoid HTML.Mar 23 2018, 8:18 PM
Mholloway updated the task description. (Show Details)
Jdlrobson added a subscriber: Jdlrobson.

This doesn't really surprise me. We have made near zero effort to make Minerva styles work with Parsoid.

@Mholloway to help prioritise what is motivating you here to get this fixed?

As a side project to T188919 I've been trying to eliminate as much of the app-specific CSS odds and ends from the MobileApp extension as possible, by directing the apps toward upstream modules providing the needed styling, or simply discarding them if they're obsolete. One piece that remains is, which is used by the Android app for centering images in Parsoid HTML that aren't centered and widened via the apps' image widening transform.

In most cases I was able to find upstream styles to replace the hacky MobileApp CSS, but this wasn't one of them.

I've been trying to match Parsoid styles with MediaWiki core styles - I think this is important to future proof against any changes to the parser. If you want to submit such patches to Minerva, go for it. I only get concerned when the styles are radically different...

We have figure styling for instance in MinervaNeue/resources/skins.minerva.content.styles/thumbnails.less

ovasileva triaged this task as Medium priority.Mar 29 2018, 3:05 PM

If this task is still relevant the URI in the description should be updated so we have a frame of reference.


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HuGE Navigator|Genopedia|PHGKB

0 disease terms (MeSH) has been reported with ATXN1L gene.

[Click Sort to re-sort the table]
Disease Term (MeSH)
Total Publication
Meta-analysis Publications
Note: The number of publications displayed in this table will differ from the number displayed in the HuGE Literature Finder as the number in Genopedia reflects only the indexed disease term without children terms, but the number in the HuGE Literature Finder reflects all text searches of the disease term including the indexed term and corresponding children terms.


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Saturday, September 3, 2016

Western Australia

Little Beach  Albany

YES I CAN - Paralympics RIO 2016

 We're The Superhumans!

 Absolutely amazing.
 Words just cannot express what an incredible,
 empowering message
 and series of breathtaking images.

Awesome Pictures

BEST OF THE MONTH (August 2016)

Miscellaneous Cartoons

Cat Gives A Dog Hypnotherapy

When your having a bad day

Social Conformity
 Brain Games

Those funny Animals

One very lucky dog

Rally Car Jumps Over Dog
 (with slow motion)

Around the World

New Zealand

from a very popular show on National Television

BLACK AS PILOT - Episode One
 The Mission

BLACK AS PILOT - Episode Two
 Build A Bridge

Safety First

Las Vegas Magician Mac King
Shows Us A Trick

Jessie Graff at the National Finals:
 Stage 1 - American Ninja Warrior 2016

Odds and Ends

Rhinos and Goats have a Unique Friendship

Funny Signs

Epic Excavator Skills Competition!

Lets go fishing!!!

James Last
 Orange Blossom Special

"Word of the Week"

Phils Philosophy

All posts, jokes, stories, cartoons, photos and videos on this site
are understood to be in the public domain.
If you hold the copyright to any of them and would like me to remove them,
please contact Phil in the comments section

Sandee said...

Little Beach Albany. I would like being there.

Paralympics. Yes we can do anything if we just try. To many able bodied folks don't even try.

All the awesome pictures were indeed awesome.

People are awesome. Wow, they were amazing.

Cat gives a dog hypnotherapy. That was way cool.

Kids. Yep, this says it all about kids.

When your are having a bad day... Yikes!

Social conformity. Yep, people are sheep.

Those funny animals. Met this happy little ass the other day. Bwahahahahahahahaha.

Awww on the golden wiener. So cute.

That rally car that jumped over that dog was amazing. One lucky dog indeed.

Around the world. Love the sheep in Scotland. What a fun thing.

Iceland got it right. Way to go.

Black as Pilot. These guys can fix anything.

Safety first. Good grief.

Mac King. He's very good.

Jessie Graff is amazing.

Odds and Ends.

Yes, rest in peace Gene Wilder.

Building the Golden Gate Bridge. Wow.

Yikes on the road that was washed away.

Cool on the rhinos and goats. Those goats had their work cut out for them trying to stay on those rhinos.

Funny signs. Some folks are so talented.

Epic excavator skills competition. Wow. Wow!

Let's go fishing. I'll pass. Those are some scary looking fish.

I don't netflex. Good for me.

Another fun week Phil.

Have a fabulous day. ☺

Bunk Strutts said...

Dang, Phil. How do I repost my favorites without scraping every post? Cheers!


text:
On the Obama Campaign Trail

I interviewed my brother Jonah on the phone. We played a bit of phone tag but he called me back as soon as he could. He’s 22 years old and has been working for Obama for about a year. He attends college in Tampa, but lately the majority of his time has not been spent at school. Right now, he’s majoring in the election. “Almost everyone works because they want to work for the man that is the embodiment of change that our country needs,” he said. “The way he delivered his speech [during the 2004 election] and what he said in his speech enthused the crowd in a way I could have never imagined. When he announced he was going to run for the presidency, I immediately joined the campaign group in Tampa, a city that is always indicative of which way the vitally important state of Florida will go,” he said. My brother’s job is to respond to, clarify and correct any allegations about the candidate that are untrue or misleading. He said he had his hands full. “The number of false accusations we have to answer is eye-opening,” he said. He finds himself continually responding to charges of Presidential Nominee Sen. Barack Obama’s background, such as his interactions with radical Reverend Wright. Obama’s father was a Kenyan Muslim, and many voters are under the impression that Obama is Muslim because of this fact. Others assume Obama is Muslim because of the Arabic origins of his name. People publicly accuse Obama of being unpatriotic because he has not put his hand over his heart during various national anthems. Some even think that he was sworn into the U.S. Senate using the Koran, said my brother. These are all issues that my brother told me he has to constantly answer in Florida. He said that the campaign replies simply by telling the truth. The campaign has responded to issues related to Obama’s relationship with the Reverend by stating that Obama is an individual with his own views. “Wright is just his pastor, not his mentor. Just because he goes to the church does not mean that he believes in everything [Rev. Wright] says,” he said. The campaign prints out handouts and pamphlets in Florida that list the facts about Obama, including his political views as well as background and values. The campaign members like my brother take it upon themselves to interact with the people and inform them of the facts. A brief list of his other responsibilities include canvassing, organizing rallies, assigning volunteers to projects, helping to register voters and working with their voter database in Florida in order to find areas to target.


text:
Clic Sargent 20pc

Morrisons Supermarket on Dewsbury Road, Wakefield, is leading the way with their fundraising efforts for the Clic Sargent cancer charity and the Rotary Club of Horbury and Ossett Phoenix have been regularly lending them a hand over the past 9 months by conducting bucket collections in store, including last Friday which was World Cancer Day.

So far Morrisons have raised over £13,100 in the last financial year and the Rotary collections have contributed over £2800 to that total. Mike Robb, Youth Services Chairman of the Rotary Club said, " It is great for us to be able to support the charity fundraising efforts of Bev Kelly and her colleagues at Morrisons. The team at the supermarket have also been very supportive of our efforts to raise funds for our charitable trust by allowing us to take Santa and his helpers to the store over the Christmas period. We will be inviting Bev and her Manager along to our Presentation evening in May when we intend to distribute a significant amount of money amongst many charities and good causes within our communities."

Bids for funds from the Rotary Charitable Trust can be made up to and including 28 February 2019, use this email address to ask for an Application Form: email address now deleted or contact through Facebook at Rotary Club of Horbury and Ossett Phoenix.

Photo Rotarians Mike Robb and
Ian Rayner collecting at Morrisons


text:
32-step matrix pattern sequencer/synthesizer with generative features

Xynthesizr Screenshot

Create patterns and modify them in real time, or let Xynthesizr do it for you using its morphing algorithms. Change scale and key, or transpose within a scale on-the-fly. Tweak parameters of the internal synthesizer or output MIDI to your favorite apps and devices. Record and share your creations.

"This really is a lot of fun and, hooked up to a synth like Thor or Z3TA+, there are plenty of creative options to be explored here."
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"Xynthesizr holds a lot of creative potential, and between a user friendly interface, a practical onboard synth, inspiring generative features, and solid MIDI implementation, this is a useful tool that can really benefit a wide range of iOS musicians."
- Chip Boaz, iosmusicandyou.com

"...one of my absolute go-to apps"
- Sean Garland, iosmars.com

Xynthesizr playlist (10 videos)
Xynthesizr playlist (10 videos)

  • MIDI support (including Virtual MIDI) for syncing and sending notes to synths, samplers and drum machines
  • Notes to MIDI channel mapping for driving multiple apps or devices simultaneously
  • Ableton Link support (see ableton.com/link for more information)
  • Audiobus 3 support (see audiob.us for more information)
  • Inter-App Audio support
  • 40+ bundled presets
  • Save your own patterns and presets
  • Record and export audio

Sequencer features

  • Gestures to easily edit patterns on-the-fly
  • [Conway's Game of] Life-like cellular automata and probability-based pattern morphing
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  • Variable tempo, step length subdivision and pattern length
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  • Selectable keys and scales with ability to transpose in real time
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  • Shift and flip patterns
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Synthesizer and FX features

  • 32-bit floating point sound engine
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  • Stereo delay, reverb and randomized panner

iOS 9.0+

Standalone: Inter-App Audio, Audiobus 3, Ableton Link
Universal (iPad and iPhone)


text:
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Scarf Camera Strap with Hidden Pocket (Cheetah Grey)

In a Sea of Black Camera Equipment, it is Time to Give your Camera some STYLE with this Fashionable and Functional Camera Strap! Express yourself and your creativity in COMFORT! Our Scarf Camera Straps are DURABLE as well. We choose only fabrics that can stand up to actual use by actual people.
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text:
Monday, June 22, 2020

Can we dig too deep? Signal conflict in mitochondrial genes of land plants

In an earlier post, Supernetworks and gene tree incongruence, I illustrated what Supernetworks can tell us about incongruent mitochondrial gene trees, using the dataset of Sousa et al. (PeerJ 8: e8995, 2020). Here, I will take a closer look at these data, in order to illustrate another point.

Fig. 1 A Supernetwork based on 34 individual mitochondrial gene trees (atp1 and atp8 missing due an alignment glitch). Groups (clades) referring to splits not found in any of the gene trees, including the "Septaphyta", are shown in gray font, in blue, groups referring to clades seen in Sousa et al.'s preferred tree.

Sousa et al.'s set of analyses aimed to filter signal in order to get a better all-inclusive tree, and succeeded to produce support for a "Septaphyta" clade, comprising liverworts and mosses, which is a split not found in any of the inferred (Bayesian) gene trees.

Fig. 2 Comprehensive but branch-length and frequency ignorant Supernetwork of Sousa et al.'s Bayesian MRC gene trees (trees are provided as supplementary online data on zenodo), inferred from nucleotide sequences. The trees show several alternatives (colored and labeled) regarding the sister lineages of mosses and liverworts. Any split found in at least one gene tree, is represented in this Supernetwork.

This split did occur, however, when the amino acid sequences were used, instead of the nucleotide sequences.

Fig. 3 Comprehensive branch-length and frequency ignorant Supernetwork of Sousa et al.'s amino acid Bayesian MRC gene trees. The sister taxon of liverworts are either the mosses (= Septaphyta clade) or the outgroup green algae Coleochaete (further inclusive splits include subsequently more outgroups, placing the liverworts as sister to all other land plants). Realized alternatives for mosses include further being a sister of hornworts (in which case liverworts would be sister to higher land plants), or sister to all land plants (brown split: green algae + mosses | rest).

The alternative to the Septaphyta clade, which does appear in the gene trees, recognizes the liverworts as the closest relative of the vascular plants, while the mosses are resolved as the first branch. As Sousa et al. point out:
The tree inferred from the concatenated nucleotide data set of 36 mitochondrial genes shows mosses as the sister-group to the remaining land plants, as previous analyses of mitochondrial nucleotide data have shown (Liu et al., 2014). ...
The concatenated tree hence only reflects a minor aspect of the Supernetwork (Fig. 1) of the individual gene trees:
... However, the mosses are replaced by the liverworts in the same position when analysing codon-degenerate recoded data.
This seems to be the preferred placement when summarizing the gene trees using the Supernetwork.

In this post, we will take a closer look. Is there a deep, easily obscured signal for the Septaphyta clade in the mitochondria of plants? A signal that only surfaces in some amino acid gene trees (Fig. 2) and the filtered concatenated tree (Sousa et al.'s fig. 2), or is it just a branching artifact?

An example for a (low-supported) artificial clade (cf. Schliep et al., Methods Ecol. Evol. 8: 1212–1220, 2017). The trees in (a), (b) and (c) give the paternal (Y-chromosome), maternal (mt genes) and biparental (nuclear autosomal introns) genealogies. While the paternal and biparental genealogies are compatible (congruent), the maternal is in strong conflict. When combining these three data sets, this substantial conflict decreases branch support and results in the artificial red clade. The support for the artificial clade is low but worrisome: the tips differ substantially from each other and the hypothetical, alternative common ancestors and there are literally no patterns in the data supporting a sister relationship of Sloth and Sun bears. The artificial red clade is a secondary product of the inference: the sister relationship of Polar and Brown Bear is trivial (data and inference wise), the American Black Bear the more likely sister (note the length of competing branches in a/c vs. b). The signal for a clade of Asian Black and Sloth bears is less pronounced, here the mt genealogy clade is strongly incongruent and forces the combined tree to resolve the conflict by introducing the artificial red clade.

Starting simply

The Supernetwork in Fig. 1 shows that, no matter which gene we look at, liverworts and mosses were originally most similar to each other, and, absolutely speaking, still close to the (hypothetical) mitochondrion of the ancestor of all land plants. We can illustrate the general situation about the signals using a Neighbor-net inferred from the concatenated data of all 36 genes.

Fig. 4 Neighbor-net based on uncorrected p-distances inferred from the concatenated gene data.

Note that we used a substitution model via a naive distance matrix for a set of coding genes that include saturated third codon positions. Some phylogenetic relationships are obviously based on trivial signals: the Neighbor-net in Fig. 4 includes ± prominent edge bundles defining neighborhoods in line with generally accepted clades (in bold). To capture these evolutionary lineages (some going back nearly half a billion of years), we just need the raw data but no sophisticated phylogenetic analysis.

In the case of the probably monophyletic gymnosperms, the gymnosperm neighborhood competes with a neighborhood excluding the Gnetidae Welwitschia, which is the most distinct of the seed plants in this taxon set (this applies to Gnetidae in general, no matter which data are used). In addition, we see a neighborhood defined by the pink edge bundle: a split of green algae + Welwitschia versus all other land plants. This is a case of obvious long-edge attraction, enforced (here) by missing data (Welwitschia lacks data for 12 out of the 34 genes).

The center of the graph with respect to all tips would be a candidate for the ancestral mitochondrion of the common ancestor of all land plants. Closest to this point are the Septaphyta (mosses + liverworts) and the lycophyte Huperzia (the better represented taxon only missing out on five genes, while Isoetum miss 15).

One can depict a phylogenetic hypothesis by just dropping the less pronounced neighborhoods in Fig. 4:
  • Most prominent edge bundles define three main cluster (= lineages): green algae, seed plants, and other land plants.
  • Within green algae:
    • Closterium is sister to Gonatozygon, next is Roya → Zygnematales
    • there is no prominent edge bundle connecting Chaetospharidium with the Zygnematales; the closest relative is however the last green algae (→ Coleochatales; only group without a neighborhood).
  • Within seed plants:
    • Brassica may be the sister of Liriodendron (more prominent edge bundle), Oryza complements the clade as first diverged member → angiosperms
    • Cycas is the sister of Gingko, the two are sister to the angiosperms
    • this leaves Welwitschia as the first diverged branch.
  • Taking the green algae as outgroups:
    • the ferns are the sister group of the seed plants (edges longer than the alternative of a primitive land plant clade)
    • mosses are sister to liverworts (→ Septaphyta); Huperzia shares the same edge bundle but is apparently sister of Isoetes (→ lycophytes), and the lycophytes appear to be ± primitive sisters of ferns and seed plants
    • this leaves the hornworts, a highly coherent group sharing no prominent edge bundles with any other member of the land plant cluster, and hence are a candidate for the first diverging land plant lineage.
This is a tree hypothesis that is strikingly similar with Sousa et al.'s preferred tree.

Sousa et al.'s fig. 2

The only differences lie in terminal subtrees (Oryza as sister to Liriodendron; Marchantia-Treubia grade, the position of the latter two within liverworts being unclear based on the Neighbor-net).

Something that is easily overlooked in Sousa et al.'s rooted tree, but that is apparent from the Neighbor-net, is that we should be aware of ingroup-outgroup long-branch attraction (LBA). The green algae are not only highly divergent but also very distant from all ingroup taxa, the land plants.; and the first ingroup branch in Sousa et al.'s tree has the longest root.

Additive and subtractive support

In principal, when comparing single gene tree samples to combined trees, we face four sorts of signals in our data:
  • Very strong signals imprinted in one or a few genes; they will outcompete, and possibly even be re-enforced by any conflicting signal. Walker et al. (PeerJ 7: e7747, 2019), studied this phenomenon for the case of angiosperm plastomes (see also our miniseries The emperor has no clothes on).
  • Phylogenetically sorted, weak but consistent signals; they will add up, as branch support will increase with each gene added. In this category fall signals reflecting deep splits obscured by terminal noise, when analyzing a single gene or few genes – like the one found by Sousa et al. supporting a Septaphyta clade.
  • Disparate gene histories; eg. because of intergenomic recombination. The support will be diminished with every added gene not sharing the same history.
  • General conflict; eg. when combining data from different genomes reflecting different genealogies, such as combining chloroplast (product of biogeographic history) and nuclear data (product of speciation processes) of tree genera. This will be expressed by split bootstrap (BS) support, and may result in artificial clades in the combined/concatenated tree (eg. bear example shown above).
Adding to this is the absence of signal: short-branch culling, a special case of long-branch attraction, which could also explain the inference of a (paraphyletic) Septaphyta clade. If there are few tips in the data that are close (absolute, not only regarding their phylogenetic distance) to the all-ancestor without clear affinities, they may be collected in a subtree, being leftovers from optimizing all other tips with certain affinities and higher distance to the all-ancestor.

Fig. 5 Short-branch culling. Let's assume liverworts are the sister clade of higher land plants (an alternative with near-unambiguous support from cox1). The signal for this in mitochondrial data is weak (short root). On the other hand, there is a high risk for ingroup-outgroup long-branch attraction (LBA) leading eventually to an artificial Septaphyta clade. Because of (inevitable) LBA, even though the false branch is very short, its support can be high (unambiguous when using Bayesian inference).

By compiling the support for all alternatives, we can assess where the support is additive or subtractive. We do this using my re-analysis not Sousa et al.'s Bayesian analysis because:
  1. BS support is more sensitive to internal signal conflict than Bayesian PP,
  2. to extract this information, we need the tree samples used to establish the branch support.
When doing this, we find that the split defining the Septaphyta clade is not only missing from the nucleotide genes trees but also rarely found in the BS pseudoreplicate samples. Only for seven gene regions (atp4, atp8, nad2, rpl16, rps2, rps3, rps13) do we find BS ≥ 25; the highest support comes from rps3 (BS = 65; however, the split is not found in the corresponding Bayesian MRC of Sousa et al.).

On the other hand, the main alternatives find much higher and more consistent support, as shown here.

Fig. 6 Competing support for (purple) and against a Septaphyta clade (greens and yellows). Placing the hornworts as sister to all other land plants (pink) is compatible with the hypothesis of a Septaphyta clade as well as the competing alternative of placing the liverworts as sister to higher land plants; note the high support from cox1 gene for an according tree. *, for these genes no hornwort data were included/have been available.

Short-branch culling, a special form of ingroup-outgroup LBA

Now, my BS analyses were deliberately naive, because they did not apply any data partitioning. However, both liverworts and mosses have short-branches while the outgroup, the green algae, are extremely long-branched. If substitution saturation is an issue for misplacing either liverworts or mosses as sisters to all other land plants, then there should also be ingroup-outgroup LBA. A false split of liverwort + outgroup versus the rest, or moss + outgroup versus the rest, has a lower chance to be supported than would a false hornwort + outgroup versus the rest split. The latter directly opens the door for a Septaphyta clade (see Fig. 5).

Let's have a look at the trees of the four genes supporting the Septaphyta split, as the best alternative. ("AA tree/PP" is the amino acid tree provided by Sousa et al.; BS support refers to my unpartitioned ML analyses)
  • atp8 — The AA tree is a star tree (comb), strongly distorted by LBA: a Coleochaetales + seed plants | Zygnematales + all other land plants splits has a PP = 1; the short- and long-branched lycophytes are not resolved as sisters.
  • rpl16 — Also here, the AA tree is star-like regarding deep relationships: (i) green algae (unresolved), PP = 1; (ii) liverworts, very long root, little internal resolution PP = 1; (iii) mosses (unresolved), root half as long as for liverworts, PP = 1; (iv) higher land plants, short root, PP = 0.88.
  • rps3 — No ingroup-outgroup LBA, shortest-branched ingroup, liverworts, resolved as sister to mosses + rest (PP = 0.77); thus, AA tree, not affected by saturation issues, rejects the Septaphyta (PP < 0.23).
  • rps13 — Again, the AA tree is star-like, with five tips: (i) green algae (PP = 1); (ii) long-rooted hornworts (PP =1); (iii) liverworts, relatively short root (PP =1); mosses, longer root (PP = 1); (v) higher land plants, shortest root (PP = 0.89).
The Septaphyta root is either extremely short or non-existent, as we would expect for a false clade, because there are no character splits in the matrix that support the taxon split.

Fig. 7 Sousa et al.'s amino acid Bayesian MRC trees (top row) compared to codon-naive nucleotide ML trees (bottom row) producing highest BS support for a Septaphyta clade. Note that in two cases, rpl16 and rps13, the 'best-known' ML tree shows a competing split with much lower support.

Typically, since we are looking at a deep split, we would expect that support increases when shifting from (codon-naive) nucleotide to amino acid analysis, because we eliminate terminal noise. However, we observe the opposite (Bayesian PP more easily converges to unambiguous support than BS values). The difference between our codon-naive nucleotide ML and Sousa et al.'s amino acid MRC trees tells us that it is mostly information from the 3rd codon position that triggers a Septaphyta versus the rest split for these four genes — ie. potentially synonymous substitutions that Sousa et al. filtered against.

Where does the high support comes from for the Septaphyta clade in their combined tree? That tree is based on a matrix, that should have a signal in-between our codon-naive nucleotide and their amino acid analysis.

A five-taxon problem with a glitch

Sousa et al.'s study is exemplary, in that it provides a careful, and well documented, analysis of the combined data. If you want to infer a potentially good tree, this is one way to do it.

However, their Septaphyta clade is most likely a branching artifact. It still combines data that, genuinely, provides not only diffuse but conflicting information about how the main lineages of land plants diverged from each other (Fig. 6). No analysis, no matter how sophisticated and well-crafted, can compensate for the deficits of the underlying data. By filtering out "noise", one also filters out actual conflicting signal. In this case, this is about how liverworts, mosses, and hornworts stand in relation to the extremely long-branched and divergent outgroup, the green algae, and their increasingly evolved siblings, the higher land plants (lycophytes, ferns, and seed plants). It is another example of what I pointed out in last week's post: Big Data invites big (ie. well supported) errors.

It is important to realize that, although we use many more OTUs, we are still looking at a five-taxon problem. When our data supports one split (or prefers it, being biased or not), there are only three more alternatives to select from.

Ingroup-outgroup LBA draws the hornworts, as the genetically most distinct (longest-rooted) lineage of the "bryophytes", away from liverworts and the lycophyte Huperzia, which connects the much more diverged higher land plants to the bryophytes. This leaves three alternatives:
  1. Liverworts are the sister of higher land plants. Their mitochondria show some affinity, but only to the lycophytes, mostly the low-divergent and better sampled Huperzia; and often together with the hornworts, ie. a split incompatible with the hornwort-green algae versus the rest split.
  2. Mosses are the sister of higher land plants, but their mitochondria show very little affinity to any of them (including Huperzia). In fact, they seem to have the most primitive of all land plant mitochondria.
  3. Septaphyta are monophyletic, as the trade-off with the least conflict. Being (much) less diverged than the higher seed plants, they are genetically closer, and ± equally close, to the hornworts and the least-evolved higher land plant, the lycophyte Huperzia.
Sousa et al.'s codon-degenerate approach enforced ingroup-outgroup LBA between the hornworts (the worst-sampled ingroup) and the green algae, while decreasing the absolute distance between liverworts and mosses, and increasing their distance to the higher land plants. That is, Alternative 3 outcompetes Alternative 1. Alternative 2 has no support in the data.

Are the mosses sister to all land plants?

Probably not. Just because the Septaphyta clade is an artifact, it doesn't mean the Septaphyta cannot be monophyletic — it just means the mitochondrial genes don't provide any clear signal to support or reject such a hypothesis, or any other alternative. The same applies to the mosses as the first diverging lineage; their position in earlier trees is likely also to be an artifact — not a branching, but a data artifact. If their mitochondrial genomes are still very similar to that of the common ancestor of all land plants, then they should be placed like an ancestor in the tree — as a short-branched sister to all of their "offspring", the remaining land plant mitochondria.

Eight of the nine genes that support a moss + outgroup versus the rest split, fail to resolve a moss clade. This is a clear indication that the moss mitochondria are simply primitive (at all gene positions that matter). What divides them from most (or all) other land plants are symplesiomorphies — shared but ancestral sequence patterns. The only gene that prefers both splits at once, mosses as sister to all other lands plants as well as a moss clade, is nad4 (BS = 67 and 62, respectively); but only when using nucleotides.

Fig. 8 A small but important difference: the codon-naive ML nucleotide (nt) tree (left) shows a moss clade as sister to all other land plants. The Bayesian amino acid (aa) MRC tree for the same gene shows a wrong split (purple internode) between green algae + ferns + angiosperms (long-branch, prominent roots) and bryophytes + lycophytes (mostly short-branched, short roots). By translating nucleotides into amino acids one may eliminate genuine discriminative signal encoded in synonymous substitutions, while in other, faster evolving parts of the tree, the same site/gene is oversaturated/biased. The poorly supported sister relationship of Roya and Gonatozygon within the green algae in the nt ML tree is an artifact, correctly resolved by the aa tree based on the same gene.

The shift from nucleotide data (ML / BS) to amino acid data (Bayesian MRC) triggers ingroup-outgroup LBA between green algae and ferns + seed plants (PP = 0.53; 'short-branch culling' of bryophytes and lycophyte Huperzia), and results in a branching artifact — the monophyly of higher land plants is well established, and hence they should form a clade.

By contrast, the genes providing strong support for a moss clade (such as atp1, atp8, ccmB, cob, cox1, cox3, nad2, nad5, rpl6, rpl16, rps3, rps13, and rps14) fail to resolve any deep relationships at all, or prefer different alternatives (including the Septaphyta hypothesis: atp8, rps3, rps13). The combined tree's solution is therefore a least-conflicting one, again — a moss clade (based on a consistent signal in the majority of genes: 13 with BS ≥ 90; in total 24 with BS ≥ 58) as sister to the rest of the land plants (based on a signal found in other genes not reflecting the monophyly of mosses). This solution adds to the phenomenon that moss mitochondria are generally primitive (ie. show a variant basically ancestral to all other land plants), and doesn't conflict with a wide range of otherwise conflicting splits strongly supported by individual genes (in contrast to the Septaphyta clade, see Fig. 6).

Having spent some time with the data and gene trees, I have little hope that mitochondrial data can be used to resolve the deep relationships between land plants. Each tweaking may result in something different, and the support-after-tweaking will be inflated.

Nevertheless, it will be worthwhile to close the data gaps, especially for the hornworts. This may not solve the 5-taxon problem,* but may give unique insights in how the mitochondrial genome evolved and sorted during the initial radiation of land plants.

Notably, the mitochondriomes of land plants can differ in the arrangement of their genes; which means that they recombined with or within the nucleome (or even plastome). While in some plants the mitochondriome is passed on via both parents (like in Ginkgo or Cycas), in others it is only the mother (most, maybe all, angiosperms). Plants may have colonized land more than once, and expanded quickly, so that lineage crossing and also lineage sorting may be an issue — marine species can be cosmopolitan and genetically heterogeneous (cryptic speciation). Thus, some mitochondrial genes may tell different stories from others. Instead of trying to solve which of the alternatives is correct (which is what most phylogenetic literature revolves around), we should find out which gene or part of the genome agrees with which alternative, as they may be all true.

The question to address with mitochondrial data cannot be whether mosses, liverworts or hornworts are the first diverging branch of extant land plants, but should be why moss, liverwort and hornwort mitochondriomes show different stages of evolution, as exemplified by the nad4 trees in Fig. 8.

Data availability

An archive including the support consensus networks (in Splits-NEXUS format) and inferred gene ML trees (plain NEWICK), as well as the comprehensive split support table (XLSX format), has been uploaded to figshare.

* It may help to have an in-depth analysis of a more focused taxon set with no data gaps that minimizes the risk of LBA. This starts with a better selection of taxa representing the higher land plants:
  • Oryza (the rice) is a domesticated, much cultivated, and thus extremely evolved and polyploid monocot. If there is any deep signal embedded in the mitochondria of seed plants, the mitochondrion of rice is probably the last place to look for it.
  • When trying to resolve the deepest land relationships, including a Gnetidae like Welwitschia (a genus that is an evolutionary oddball to start with), makes equally little sense — like any of the three surviving genera of this unique gymnosperm lineage, it is genetically the outer-most tip of an iceberg. Each mutation in its genome is the product of an unknown number of divergences in the past.
  • If any seed plant should be included at all, would be more than sufficient to have: Liriodendron, a magnoliid, and thus a member of the least-diverged angiosperm lineage, plus Cycas, as a representative of an ancient, slow-evolving gymnosperm lineage. These are much more recent additions to the plant Tree of Life.
  • Being a tip of an iceberg applies even more to Isoetum. It is strikingly similar only to the other lycophyte, but it has more data gaps and is much more diverged, and thus can invite branching artifacts. When one wants to dig deep, the much more primitive Huperzia is obviously the better representative.
  • Last, the green algae are the only possible outgroups for inference, but they are poor for this – apparently, their mitochondria have evolved much farther from the common ancestor than those of the land plants. Rather than inferring trees including them, one should infer trees without them, and then optimize their position within trees that will then potentially be unbiased by outgroup-LBA — eg. using the evolutionary placement algorithm, to test the land plant root. An interesting experiment could also be to infer the sequence of the common ancestor(s) of modern-day green algae (lacking a time machine to sample it), and use them instead. The new RAxML-NG, for example, allows for ancestral state reconstruction of nucleotides.
In addition, standard 4-base substitution models are not the best choice when analyzing matrices with a high proportion of ambiguous base calls, like Sousa et al.'s codon-degenerate matrix (note that Sousa et al. already applied models that compensate for substitutional bias). This is especially so, given the importance of synonymous mutations to resolve relationships in the slow-evolving lineages, and slow evolving genes. One could try to use ambiguity-aware substitution models instead. The newest releases of RAxML-NG (Kozlov et al. 2019, Bioinformatics 35: 4453–4455) include models for "phased" and heterozygous data — ie. models that can make use of ambiguity codes as additional information during tree inference (see also Potts et al. 2014, Syst. Biol. 63:1–16).

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Venomous sea snakes play heads or tails with their predators

Yellow-bellied sea snake
Yellow-bellied sea snake, Pelamis platurus. Image: Wikipedia.

In a deadly game of heads or tails venomous sea snakes in the Pacific and Indian Oceans deceive their predators into believing they have two heads, claims research published today in Marine Ecology.

The discovery, made by Dr Arne Redsted Rasmussen and Dr Johan Elmberg, showed that Yellow-lipped Sea Kraits (Laticauda colubrina) use skin markings and behaviour patterns to fool predators into thinking their tail is a second head, complete with lethal venom.

There are over 65 species of sea snakes in the tropical waters of the , ranging from Africa to the Gulf of Panama. Most spend their entire lives in the sea, inhabiting shallow water and are active predators, feeding on small found around . All sea snakes have extremely potent venom which is among the most toxic known in all snake species.

When hunting for food sea snakes probe crevices and coral formations, temporarily forcing them to drop their guard to threats from the surrounding waters and making them highly vulnerable to attack. However, the Yellow-lipped Sea Krait has been found to twist its tail so that the tip corresponds with the dorsal view of the head, which combined with deceptive colouring, gives the illusion of having two heads and two loads of deadly venom.

Apart from the Yellow-lipped Sea Krait the ecology of sea snakes has largely gone understudied, due mainly to their off-shore and nocturnal behaviour. Yet, despite the number of behavioural studies devoted to this species, the discovery of this false-head-behaviour is a hitherto overlooked anti-predator adaptation.

The discovery was made while senior author Arne Redsted Rasmussen was diving off the coast of the Bunaken Island in Indonesia. A large Krait was followed for thirty minutes, swimming between corals and crevices hunting for food. Rasmussen was momentarily distracted by a second snake, but when looking back he was surprised to see the "head" was facing him while the tail probed the coral. Rasmussen's surprise grew when he saw a second head emerge from the coral instead of the expected tail. It was only when the snake swam away that the first head was clearly seen to be a paddling tail.

To build upon this discovery researchers examined 98 Sea Kraits from three major museum collections in Paris, Berlin and Copenhagen while also monitoring the behaviour of wild Sea Kraits in Solomon Islands during the Danish Galathea 3 Expedition. The research confirmed that all snakes of this species had a distinctive colouration pattern, with a bright yellow horseshoe marking on the tip of the head and the tail. The yellow was deeper than the colours on the rest of the body and the black colorations were much longer than the dark bands on the rest of the body, highlighting the similarity between the head and the tail.

The reason for this mixture of behaviour and coloration results from a developed defence strategy needed when the snake is probing for prey. Despite being extremely venomous sea snakes are susceptible to attack from several predators such as sharks, large bony fishes, and even birds.

"The value of such an adaptation is twofold; it may increase the chances of surviving predator attack by exposing a less 'vital' body part, but more importantly it may deter attack in the first place if attackers perceive the tail as the venomous snakes head," said Rasmussen.

Similar defence mechanisms have been discovered in lizards, and some land snakes have developed ingenious camouflage deterrent behaviour strategies, but this defence has never been associated with other lethally venomous predators such as sea snakes.

Traditionally the only evidence of a defence behaviour strategy in sea snakes has been documented in individual cases, when a snake was exposed to and aware of an imminent danger. This research is the first record of a combined false-head-behaviour and false-head-camouflage defence strategy used as instinct when a is hunting for food.

"It is intriguing that this discovery is observed in this species, as one of the key differences between the Yellow-lipped Sea Krait and other sea snakes is that they spend almost equal time on land and in the sea," said Rasmussen. "They therefore live in two worlds where two very different rules of survival apply. It remains to be confirmed whether Sea kraits use their sea defence tactic of motioning their tails when on land."

Source: Wiley (news : web)

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“Somewhere Back In Time – Best Of 1980-1989” by Iron Maiden

Artist: Iron Maiden
Title: “Somewhere Back In Time – Best Of 1980-1989”
Label: Universal Music
Release Date: 5/13/2008
Genre: Heavy Metal
Rating: 4/5

The world of Metal heads doesn’t need me to tell them that Iron Maiden is not only one of the best Heavy Metal bands in history and that for decades since their debut have delivered relevant material that continually proved their dominance over the genre again and again. This information is pretty much historical fact. What began with a self-titled debut in 1980 showed the band to be killers who were continually giving the fans their all and often bringing the listener to strange new worlds and assorted points in the world’s history. Their music was thundering but well thought out and their lyrical content for the most part extraordinary and should you have been one of those fans who was growing up in Metal when each respective album was released it is very possible that a particular one has remained your favorite since that time. The CD “Somewhere Back In Time: The Best of 1980-1989” presents us with another compilation from the band and while they have done this on a number of occasions in the past, the premise behind this one comes off as rather interesting since the band is currently on a blockbuster tour that is being called “Somewhere Back In Time”. This tour is taking their legions of fans on a journey back into the catalog where they are not only presenting material from their earliest years but also are paying particular attention to albums such as “Powerslave”, “Seventh Son Of A Seventh Son” and “Somewhere In Time”. The tour is being met with incredible levels of approval because this material is kept in very high regard to this very day. If you were ever at a show and one of the Maiden classics was piped over the PA system, you will often find the entire audience singing along word for word. The tour was finding Maiden still in the middle of celebrating the long awaited release of the “Live After Death” concert film on DVD. Originally released in 1985 on VHS, this has long been referred to as one of the greatest Heavy Metal concert films of our time. The younger and new fans of the band could not have picked a more exciting time to be getting themselves into Iron Maiden with all of these cool things happening right now.

If you had seen any of the posted set lists for this tour or perhaps even attended one of them, you will most likely realize that the selections for this CD are very close to exactly what was played by the band. Of course its not the complete list since that would require a double CD effort, but it is enough to become a special memento of the show for the fan who attended and perhaps even a good motivator warm up for someone who still is holding a ticket for a pending performance. A twenty page booklet is included with the CD and it features not only lyrics but also photo illustrations of mascot Eddie across the years that the compilation covers. While the album does include material from the first eight releases from the band, the live material is their oldest stuff and originally was presented on the “Live After Death” CD. It’s a worthy addition to one’s Maiden collection even if you do have the other hits packages that they have done over the years and that’s because it is just slightly different from the others and makes their diehard fan immediately run out and snare a copy. Legacy fans be proud, since the band still continues strong and for any of the newbies out there, let’s get a move on, you have some catching up to do. “Up The Irons”!!!!

Track Listing:
1. Churchill’s Speech
2. Aces High (live)
3. 2 Minutes To Midnight
4. The Trooper
5. Wasted Years
6. Children Of The Damned
7. The Number Of The Beast
8. Run To The Hills
9. Phantom Of The Opera (live)
10. The Evil That Men Do
11. Wrathchild (live)
12. Can I Play With Madness
13. Powerslave
14. Hallowed Be Thy Name
15. Iron Maiden (live)

Official Website: www.ironmaiden.com

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Archive | September 2012

Class has began

The first week of September is over and the second week has rushed in like solar energy to earth, fast.  Lessons on the corn plant and identification of the parts of the  kennel and stalk are being taught by Ms. Kelly Van Allen to the new 5th graders.  Sounds simple, but just explore the botany of this important crop and you might learn more about your next corn on the cob.

Here are some pictures Devon took of the garden today.  See how the garden grows?

Mr. Verde Grande

Mr. Verde Grande

Hi I am a tobacco horn caterpillar, but I love to eat tomatoes at Pine Grove. Watch as I transform into a Hawkeye moth.


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jms121 current collection, history and wishlist

The machines currently in jms121's collection, as well as the games owned in the past and the wishlist.

current collection

jms121 currently owns 1 machine.

Dr. Dude

Dr. Dude

Bally, 1990

jms121 has 0 machines on the wishlist.

owned in the Past

jms121 has previously owned these 0 machines.


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DJ Tips

Whether you need DJ tips for beginners or more advanced DJ mixing techniques, we can help you get to where you want to be.

Featuring contributions by Pirate staff and members of our DJ community, titles include Beatmatching Tips, How To Get A DJ Gig and our Ultimate DJ Guide. We’ll also be updating the blog regularly, so if you don’t see what you’re looking for, make sure to check back in. Better yet, drop us a line and let us know.

Lastly, if you’re interested in featuring on the Pirate blog, send an email to, we’d love to hear your ideas.

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./benchmarks/ttcp, TCP testing and performance measuring tool

[ CVSweb ] [ Homepage ] [ RSS ] [ Required by ] [ Add to tracker ]

Branch: pkgsrc-2012Q4, Version: 1.12nb2, Package name: ttcp-1.12nb2, Maintainer: pkgsrc-users

Ttcp (test TCP) times the transmission and reception of data between two
systems using the UDP or TCP protocols. It differs from common ``blast''
tests, which tend to measure the remote inetd as much as the network
performance, and which usually do not allow measurements at the remote end
of a UDP transmission.

Master sites:

SHA1: 33a60af208eff3dc9ae745060f44b24c4e74aa7e
RMD160: b5cb1a8efe0f716d25d58a4950f35bac47b17668
Filesize: 17.737 KB

Version history: (Expand)


text:
The Embassy Commemorated Polish Americans Who Fought in the Blue Army

The Embassy commemorated Polish Americans who fought in the Blue Army

On July 23rd, Embassy representatives participated in a special event at the memorial of The War Effort of the Polish American Community in Żoliborz honoring the Blue Army soldiers.   Społeczny Komitet Upamiętnienia 100-lecia Czynu Niepodległościowego and Józef Piłsudzki Institute organized the event commemorating the Blue Army which was led by General Józef Haller and formed in France during the WWI.  It was composed of “Polonia” volunteers from abroad, including thousands of American soldiers, who fought for Poland’s nationhood.

The U.S. representative, General Richard Hayes from the Illinois National Guard, reiterated the special relationship of the Blue Army to Poland almost one hundred years ago.  He also highlighted the ongoing State Partnership Program between the Illinois National Guard and Polish Army which aims at strengthening the military forces of Poland.

Senator Anna Anders and BG General Adam Joks, Commander of Polish-Lithuanian-Ukrainian Brigade in Lublin as well as military personnel from the U.S. Embassy attended the event.  The veterans, their families and friends also participated in the event.

Andrzej Pityński made The War Effort of the Polish American Community monument in 1998 through the initiative of the Polish Army Veterans Association of America to honor the American soldiers who fought for Poland.  The memorial is inscribed: “To our soldiers from America”.


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2^{3}times 3^{3}

2^{3}times 3^{3}

Factors and multiples
asked 2021-01-31

Answers (1)

\(\displaystyle{2}^{{{3}}}={2}\times{2}\times{2}={4}\times{2}={8}{\quad\text{and}\quad}{3}^{{{3}}}={3}\times{3}\times{3}={9}\times{3}={27}.\) Therefore \(\displaystyle{23}\times{33}={8}\times{27}={216}.\) You could also find the value using the Power of a Product Rule \(\displaystyle{\left({a}{b}\right)}{m}={a}^{{{m}}}\times{b}^{{{m}}}:\)

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Mom And Kids Animal Kingdom
  • On Apr 13, 2012
    Melanie from SC Asked Note: This answer was provided prior to the change to planDisney and may still contain references to Disney Parks Moms Panel.

    Hi, I need some logistics help. We are staying at the Hilton on Disney property. My husband wants to take the ferry into Magic Kingdom like we did ages ago when we parked our own car. Is this possible to catch the ferry from the Hilton transportation??

    Hi Melanie!

        That is just sooo sweet!  I love that your husband is so nostalgic!!!  You are in luck, because the Hilton bus will drop you off at the Ticket and Transportation Center, where you will have one of two choices to get to the Magic Kingdom.  The fist choice is the monorail and the second is... you guessed it, the ferry boat!

         I hope that you have a wonderful vacation and I would love to hear from you again!

    Much pixie dust,

    Jackie S.
thumbnail image for Jackie

Meet the Panelist: Jackie, Louisiana

Yes, I'm the one behind you in the grocery store checkout line. You know, the one that lets you know why you simply HAVE to stay on property and laughs when you say that you are going to visit Disney World AND Epcot... Yes, that crazy lady is me! Learn More About Jackie

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New partner – The Spaceflight Group

Credit: The Spaceflight Group
Credit: The Spaceflight Group

I am pleased to announce another new partner for TMJ, The Spaceflight Group. TSG, just launched, will be a collection of websites dedicated to various aspects of space exploration. The first, SpaceFlight Insider, is already online, and I will be doing some writing for that blog as well. You can also follow them on TwitterFacebookGoogle+, LinkedIn, PinterestTumblr, Blogger and YouTube!

Paul Scott Anderson is a freelance space writer with a life-long passion for space exploration and astronomy. He currently writes for AmericaSpace, Universe Today and His own blog The Meridiani Journal is a chronicle of planetary exploration.

Want more? Follow TMJ on TwitterFacebookGoogle+ and Pinterest or subscribe by email or rss (right sidebar) to get the latest blog posts and other space news.

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Tag: bookmarking

Best Practices #2: Creating Effective Acrobat Bookmarks

No Picture

Acrobat’s bookmarks can be a particularly efficient navigation mechanism that provides easy access to common locations and actions. With nesting and expand and collapse capability, bookmarks create a constant conceptual display of the document’s structure. Add easy navigation to all important items in your PDFs.

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Home / Business / The Condition of the UK Locksmiths Sector

The Condition of the UK Locksmiths Sector

Business 0

The UK locksmiths business could greatest be described as becoming inside a point out of crisis. For most countries a locksmith needs a license, for those who carry the applications and gear to get entry to or open Practically any lock or home then some kind of regulation is undeniably required. Regrettably this is simply not the situation in the United Kingdom.

Any one in the united kingdom can established them selves up and advertise there services to be a locksmith, they do not need a license and they don’t need to be answerable to any governing physique outside of the wide recommendations established down by British investing standards. The UK locksmiths field is slowly getting to be saturated with improperly experienced, poorly skilled and improperly Outfitted so identified as locksmiths.

As locksmiths Doing the job in Surrey, Kingston and London on a yearly basis we see new organizations initiating inside our location of protection. Many of slotenservice den haag these companies are unsuccessful to check out out a yr inside the trade, some do nonetheless do far better. So why Is that this occurring? There isn’t any legislation to manage the teaching of locksmiths in the United Kingdom. there are actually now innumerable locksmiths teaching schools scattered across London and Surrey featuring two day training classes and boasting in that in Those people two days they can learn all the things they need to start up and trade to be a locksmith. So that you can find out all the things you have to know? It utilized to get an apprentice locksmith five years or more right before they have been considered perfectly versed inside the locksmiths trade.

This influx of poorly educated two working day miracles is steadily strangling the business, having function from properly set up and hugely qualified locksmiths and at the same time ruining the popularity of your trade with poor workman ship and abnormal selling prices. So is there anything at all that can be accomplished to counteract this trend? you’ll find at the moment only two recognized Formal bodies for locksmiths in the united kingdom, The Institute of Accredited Locksmiths as well as Grasp Locksmiths Affiliation. The two of these bodies actively pursue tighter regulation within the United kingdom locksmiths field using a hope to accomplishing licensing for locksmiths in the future.

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Trip Planner:   Asia  /  Armenia  /  Tavush Province  /  Yenokavan  /  Yenokavan Canyon

Yenokavan Canyon, Yenokavan

#17 of 28 in Things to do in Tavush Province
Canyon · Geologic Formation
Yenokavan Canyon is located in Yenokavan. Use our Yenokavan trip itinerary planner to arrange your visit to Yenokavan Canyon and other attractions in Yenokavan.
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  • Did some hiking in part of the Yenokavan Canyon last week when during our time in Armenia. It is incredible! The canyon is hikeable for those in decent shape, some paths are little more than game...  more »
  • we were trying to get there. no luck. had no gps coordinates, found no signs. so if you want to get there I wouls suggest to ask APAGA RESORT for help or to join some of their excursions.  more »
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