text:
LingPipe Book, Draft 2

I’m not quite releasing drafts as frequently as I’d like, though I do have the procedure automated now.

Where to Get the Latest Draft

You can download the book and the code tarball from:

What’s in It (So Far)

Draft 2 is up to 350 or so pages, and most of what I’ve added since the first draft is LingPipe-related. There’s no more general background in the works, but at this pace, it’ll be another year and another 1000 pages before it’s done. We’ll almost certainly have to break it into two volumes if we want to print it.

The current draft has chapters on getting started with Java and LingPipe, including an overview of tools we use. The second chapter’s on character encodings and how to use them in Java. The third chapter covers regexes, including all the quantifiers, and again focusing on how to get the most out of Unicode. The fourth chapter covers I/O, including files, readers, writers and streams, compressed archives like GZIP, ZIP and Tar, resources on the classpath, URIs, URLs, standard I/O, object I/O and serialization, and LingPipe’s I/O utilities.

The fifth chapter gets more into LingPipe proper, covering the handler, parser, and corpora abstractions in package com.aliasi.corpus, as well as support for cross-validation.

The sixth chapter is on classifier evaluations, including K-ary classifiers, reductions to binary classifiers, all the usual statistics, and how to use them in LingPipe. There’s also an extensive section on scored/ranked evaluations.

I’ll probably rearrange and move tokenization before classifier evals, but it’s currently after. I cover just about all aspects of tokenization, including stemming/lemmatization, soundex, character normalization with ICU, and so on. There’s complete coverage of LingPipe’s tokenizers and factories, and complete tokenization abstraction. I also detail interoperability with Lucene’s Analyzer class, with examples in Arabic.

Chapter 9, which will also move earlier, is on symbol tables.

Chapter 11 is a fairly complete overview of latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and LingPipe’s implementations.

There’s currently almost 100 pages of appendices, including basic math, stats, information theory, an overview of corpora, and an overview of the relevant data types in Java.

Appendix E is about a 20-page intro to Lucene 3.0, going over all you need to know to get search up and running.

What’s Next

The next thing I’ll address will be chapter 7, on naive Bayes classifiers. Then I’ll turn to logistic regression classifiers, which will require an auxiliary chapter on feature extraction and another on vectors. I may also write chapters on KNN, perceptrons, and our language-model-based classifiers, though he latter depend on a chapter on character language models.

After that, I’ll probably turn to tagging and chunking, though we’ll have to see. That’ll require sentence detection, as well as some more stats and interfaces.

Comments Welcome

So far, no one’s sent any comments on the first draft. I’d love to hear what you think, be it in the form of comments, corrections, suggestions, or whatever.

11 Responses to “LingPipe Book, Draft 2”

  1. Will Thompson Says:

    I’m looking forward to getting the next draft! I’m teaching myself text processing algorithms, and your book is perfect for what I need. I’m more than happy to send you feedback as I go through it.

  2. Rich W Says:

    I do keep meaning to read this… and I’d be happy to provide feedback. Is there a section you think my (or our) help would be most useful to you?

  3. lingpipe Says:

    I can say what I don’t need: help on grammar, spelling, etc. I’ll catch all that myself and with proofreaders.

    What’s most helpful is pointing out things that are unclear, especially if you can give me a hint as to how I might be able to make them more clear.

    One thing I’m worried about now is writing at the right level for the audience. Some of the tutorials were too hard mathematically, and others too trivial.

    What I’d like to know about the book is: Is there too much or too little math?

    Are there too many trivial code samples or not enough? I’m trying to simplify heavily from the tutorials, while at the same time increasing API coverage. Do we need easier “getting started” example code templates?

    Is the way I’m interspersing code and text confusing or easier to understand than putting it in a big printout and then referring back to it?

    Am I trying to be too exhaustive in my coverage of LingPipe? Of Java?

    Will the text work as a reference book for LingPipe?

    As usual, I’m writing what I would’ve liked to have read myself before I knew all this stuff. But I’m probably the wrong audience, because I love clean mathematical descriptions and tend to program from empty editor buffers rather than by cutting-and-pasting code.

  4. Mark J Says:

    Hi Bob,

    Even in its current state, this looks like a very useful book!

    I have a general question not specifically related to the book, but I suspect it’s something you must have come across too: are there good tools for scheduling complex computational experiments (that involve a series of interdependent steps) on a cluster? What I’m basically after is a build system for complex experiments on clusters.

    For example, training and evaluating Eugene’s and my reranking parser involves splitting the training data into folds, training and running the first stage generative parser on each fold, then collecting all the folds together to produce the input for the next stage, etc., etc.

    I’ve been using “make” to run these kinds of experiments. It works fairly well on a multi-core box (e.g., “make -j 8” will figure out how to use all your cores at once), but I don’t see how to generalise this to a cluster environment.

    What I’d like is something that could schedule jobs the way “make” does, but can run them on a cluster. And it should play nice with PBS or whatever cluster scheduling software is being used.

    And finally (while I’m dreaming) it would be great if it were a bit more expressive. “make” is basically a propositional system (i.e., because jobs are associated with file names, they are atomic). It would nice if it were first-order, i.e., if it were possible to pass arguments to jobs that correspond to parameters in the job. I get around this restriction in my Makefiles by encoding parameters in the filename; e.g., grammar_t1e-7.txt is a grammar where the program that constructed it was called with the flag “-t 1e-7”. But this is a kludge, and the Makefiles become basically incomprehensible jumbles of make macros.

    Any suggestions?

    • lingpipe Says:

      I take it you’ve already considered something like Hadoop running Map-Reduce? The nice part about that is you can specify the reduce operation to put everything back together.

      The cluster schedulers Mitzi’s using to run DNA sequence alignment data are very simple “distribute a batch job, make sure it completes” kind of things. From what I’ve heard at the dinner table, the main hassle seems to be software installation on the compute nodes and the slow file system shared by the whole thing.

    • Brendan O'Connor Says:

      Hi, I’ve had this need too. I think “make” might be the best open-source solution that has full-out dependency graphs and the like. I think so because I’ve seen a few different efforts to make things like this…

      Here’s one. http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~jhclark/loonybin/files/doc/README-txt.html

  5. Heather Says:

    I read the first draft in its entirety and plan on using at least ch. 1,3,5 in my class this Spring. I found those 3 chapters to be great technical companions to Jurafsky and Martin’s first 3 chapters. I love the examples so far and appreciate how much simpler they are than the tutorials – which are great but are definitely advanced for beginners.

    After reading draft 1 I wanted to see info specifically on Ngrams, HMMs, classification and regression, clustering, and using Lingpipe with Lucene. And maybe a chapter on developing a custom classifier with Lingpipe, for example if I wanted to use a neural network model other than perceptron (I cover many in my class).
    It sounds like a number of these topics have been covered in the new draft, looking forward to reading it!

  6. jwp Says:

    Mark: I don’t know of a tool that works across all cluster environments, but if you’re using SGE or LSF, you might try their make-based schedulers:

  7. Heather Says:

    Love the Lucene Appendix!

  8. Mark J Says:

    Thanks everyone for the suggestions.

    Bob, I haven’t used Hadoop or MapReduce, but I think they’d be mainly useful for parallelising a single step in the kind of processes I’m talking about. I’m thinking now of problems that involve a dependency graph of heterogeneous steps. Make solves this problem fine on a single machine.

    I’ll look more closely at Brendan and jwp’s suggestions. LoonyBin looks especially interesting — it seems designed to solve the kinds of problems I’m interested in — but Brendan’s message didn’t sound like the ringing endorsement I was hoping for.

    Tell Mitzi hi! Yes, clusters are a pain. Running on a cluster means you’re at least one more degree removed from the actual computation. But in my experience most of the problems come from my own stupid mistakes. For example, a couple of days ago I was wondering why all my MCMC sampling jobs were running really slowly. It turns out I’d added code to log certain types of events back to the master node, and one of the samplers produced these events really often (as in, millions of times every second). This clogged the network connecting the slaves to the master and as a result everything ran slow (we have a diskless cluster — with memory so cheap it seemed like a good idea at the time).

  9. Nitish Sinha Says:

    I have started reading your book. I like your appendix B on information theory. I am considering using a few chapters for my class on “Text processing in Finance”. Will keep you posted as I read more chapters.

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• Hot Offer
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Yamaha YZF-R6 Hard to get in the current climate. Excellent condition machine. Sold to fund the purchase of a car.

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text:
[rrd-developers] [PATCH] Update to build with Visual Studio 2008

Tobias Oetiker tobi at oetiker.ch
Fri Jun 11 13:58:25 CEST 2010

Hi Euphoria,

Yesterday Euphoria Audio wrote:

> Hello All, I love the RRD tool and wanted to use the library in
> some of my projects but the latest version wouldn't build in VS.
> I patched the code so it wouldn't affect the other environments
> and updated the existing VS solution. Let me know if I messed
> anything up or I should do things a different way. Thank you for
> your hard work on this!

thanks for your patches, unfortunately the patches to vcproj do not
apply, also their content seems to be a bit odd, two patche for the
same file with compeeting changes ...

Tobi Oetiker, OETIKER+PARTNER AG, Aarweg 15 CH-4600 Olten, Switzerland
http://it.oetiker.ch tobi at oetiker.ch ++41 62 775 9902 / sb: -9900

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text:
[Samba] SMB slow by design?

Jan Engelhardt jengelh at linux01.gwdg.de
Sat Jan 27 22:35:32 GMT 2007

On Jan 27 2007 22:46, Volker Lendecke wrote:
>On Sat, Jan 27, 2007 at 10:10:36PM +0100, Jan Engelhardt wrote:
>> In the win98--3.0.22 network I have observed that smbd takes a lot of
>> %system CPU time when transferring files. Since I observe this slowness
>> on three different setups, the question arises: is SMB/CIFS badly
>> designed?
>Well, is it "designed" at all in any proper definition of
>Seriously, smbd should not eat significant amounts of CPU on
>a reasonably modern machine. Do you have your debug level
>set too high?

Ah I found it. This is smb.conf: http://pastebin.ca/330452
Removing SO_SNDBUF=8192 gives

$ smbget smb://localhost/rt/blob.iso
[blob.iso] 41.08Mb of 171.06Mb (24.01%) at 41.08Mb/s ETA: 00:00:03

perfect performance again. Wonder how that got in there *grumble*

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text:
[Samba] Samba 4 install fails, no matter what I do

Pekka L.J. Jalkanen pekka.jalkanen at vihreat.fi
Tue Jul 31 06:32:03 MDT 2012

I can't install Samba 4 in practically any fashion.

I've tried Debian packages without much success (see
I later on figured out that it is not possible to use those packages
without using ntvfs (see

I've attempted to compile it from source under Debian Squeeze, but while
it indeed compiles, "make install" doesn't succeed (see the message I
posted on this list yesterday:

I've now installed a new VM from scratch running Debian Wheezy to test
S4 under that, but "make install" didn't succeed that way either. I've
now attached to this message a complete log of everything that I've done
in hope that somebody could help me understand why on earth it doesn't
work. Surely Samba 4 should be at least installable under Debian; it's
not, after all, an alpha release any more...

Pekka L.J. Jalkanen
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text:
[Samba] Unable to transfer ForestDns/DomainDNS

Rowland penny rpenny at samba.org
Thu Jun 23 19:57:36 UTC 2016

On 23/06/16 20:53, Jason Waters wrote:
> But that wasn't till 4.4? Right?  I don't have that option with my
> version.  I guess if I need to I could just spin up a new vm, build
> the source, join as DC, and then do that to remove it and the demote
> the new VM DC.  Right?

Well that is one way of doing it and it should work, but as always, back
everything up first.

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text:
*Detroit Lakes
*January 28, 2010

-Birds mentioned -Transcript

Hotline: Minnesota, Detroit Lakes
Date: January 28, 2010
Sponsor: Lakes Area Birding Club, Detroit Lakes Regional Chamber of Commerce
Reports: 1-800-542-3992 (weekdays during business hours)
Compiler: Jeanie Joppru ([log in to unmask])

This is the Northwest Minnesota Birding Report for Thursday, January 28, 2010 sponsored by the Detroit Lakes Regional Chamber of Commerce. You may also hear this report by calling (218)847-5743 or 1-800-433-1888.

The big blizzard is over, and the northwest corner of the state lucked out, with little of the freezing rain and not as much snow as the rest of the state got. That is not to say we escaped totally, and the roads and driveways are coated with a slippery coating of ice, so caution is warranted everywhere. The sun shines however, days are getting longer, and for now the wind has diminished. Birds are reappearing at the feeders after hunkering down for several days.

Ryan Sansness at Lake Carlos State Park reported two AMERICAN ROBINS at the park feeder during the past week, and four more were seen at the Long Prairie Dam. 15 -20 AMERICAN TREE SPARROWS, and some PURPLE FINCHES also appeared at the feeder. A RED-BELLIED WOODPECKER was among the more common woodpeckers to visit the feeders.

Beau Shroyer reported ten WHITE-WINGED CROSSBILLS on Granger Road in Detroit Lakes , Becker County on January 25.

Sandy Aubol in East Grand Forks, Polk County, reported a SHARP-TAILED GROUSE, PILEATED WOODPECKER, one CEDAR WAXWING, one COMMON GRACKLE, some PINE SISKINS, and HOUSE FINCHES in her yard this week.

Here in Pennington County near Thief River Falls, there were visits from a RED-BELLIED WOODPECKER, and a PILEATED WOODPECKER this week.

From Roseau County this week , Beth Siverhus reported that Carol Parker has a female NORTHERN CARDINAL at the feeder in Warroad. This bird has been seen off and on all winter. On January 26, Beth reported ten COMMON REDPOLLS and an AMERICAN ROBIN in Warroad; on January 28, she came home to evidence that crossbills had been in the yard in her absence.

Thanks to Beau Shroyer, Beth Siverhus, Ryan Sansness, and Sandy Aubol for their reports.

Please report bird sightings to Jeanie Joppru by email, no later than Thursday each week, at [log in to unmask] OR call the Detroit Lakes Chamber's toll free number: 1-800-542-3992. Detroit Lakes area birders please call 847-9202. Please include the county where the sighting took place. The next scheduled update of this report is Thursday, February 4, 2010.

Jeanie Joppru Pennington County, MN


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text:
RE: RFC2518 (WebDAV) / RFC2396 (URI) inconsistency

From: Martin Duerst <duerst@w3.org>
Date: Wed, 21 Nov 2001 09:53:27 +0900
Message-Id: <>
To: "Julian Reschke" <julian.reschke@greenbytes.de>, "Roy T. Fielding" <fielding@ebuilt.com>
Cc: "Matt Timmermans" <mtimmerm@opentext.com>, <w3c-dist-auth@w3.org>, <uri@w3.org>
At 22:16 01/11/20 +0100, Julian Reschke wrote:
> > From: Roy T. Fielding [mailto:fielding@ebuilt.com]

> > How is making a normative change to an Internet Draft Standard a less
> > intrusive change?  I can rewrite all of the W3C's recommendations and
>By relaxing the rules (why does the scheme-specific part have to be
>non-empty, besides common sense :-),

Very much for the reasons that Tim explained in his mails.
An URI scheme is not something you define lightly, just for
a single resource. Of course the restriction on 'at least one
character' is technically very arbitrary, but I'm very sure
that when the syntax was worked out, there was a clear feeling
that having schemes without anything after them didn't make
sense. The 'dav:' thingie is the only case we know so far,
and we know it was a bad idea, so we know that the original
rules were a good idea.

In his mail, Tim didn't talk about the syntax because that's
just a detail. If you don't get the principles right, you don't
have to be surprised if you get the syntax wrong.

>(almost) nobody would be hurt. We can
>still discourage or even forbid *new* URI schemes with empty scheme-specific
>parts, but this wouldn't really affect anybody else.
>However, changing RFC2518 breaks *all* WebDAV clients and servers.

Well, I guess you should think about how to upgrade WebDAV to make
this a workable update path.

> > pass them through that process faster than I can change 2396 and all
> > of the implementations of URI references.  In any case, I wouldn't
> > change the definition of URI -- at most, the definition of URI-reference
> > would change, and even then only if it were warranted by implementations
> > that are believed to be correct.
> >
> > If the XML namespaces spec is broken, fix it.  If it isn't broken,
>It isn't broken.

I agree.

> > then fix WebDAV.  Both of those communities are miniscule in comparison.
> > What matters to URI is whether or not "DAV:" is believed to be a valid URI
> > reference, and the fact is that it is not and therefore the standard
> > for URI references should not be changed.  XML namespaces needs to decide
> > if the xmlns value is actually a URI-reference or something more like a
> > URI prefix, and if the latter is true they should update that spec.
> > Otherwise, WebDAV is broken and must be fixed on its own.  That is the
> > nature of one immature standard depending on other more mature standards
> > for its specification.
>Technically correct. But extremely expensive and likely to be ignored by all
>major companies with existing code out there. So I don't think this is

What Roy is saying is that there are much more implementations out there
that work with URIs than there are implementations that work with WebDAV.
This is quite obvious. So he is saying that it's much easier to change
WebDAV than URIs.

There might be some slack here, in that most URI implementations do not
actually check much of the URI syntax, because if they don't include
scheme-specific knowledge (which a generic URI processor shouldn't), there
is very few things that you can actually check. This may be supported
by the fact that this is the first time this issue is comming up.

>If you insist that RFC2396 can't change and others insist that XNL
>namespaces can't change (I bet there'll be many!), then there are two
>possible outcomes:
>- The issue is ignored just like it was before. This is now a bit harder now
>that it's documented.
>- RFC2518++ is changed accordingly, and *all* software would need to be
>updated (basically throwing WebDAV back years).

I suggest that for the short time, you ask James Clark to close an eye
and tweak his implementation, and that for the longer term, you work
on an upgrading strategy for WebDAV. Fixing WebDAV would now actually
get rid of two problems, namely both the problem of unnecessary URI
scheme registration and the problem of not conforming to URI syntax.
So there is all the more motivation for doing it. It does not at all
have to throw back WebDAV by years.

Regards,   Martin.
Received on Tuesday, 20 November 2001 19:53:39 UTC

This archive was generated by hypermail 2.4.0 : Friday, 17 January 2020 20:01:24 UTC


text:
Re: [Xen-devel] [PATCH v7 06/19] vmx: Merge MSR management routines

>>> On 06.06.14 at 19:40, <boris.ostrovsky@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
> +    ASSERT( (type == VMX_GUEST_MSR) || (type == VMX_HOST_MSR) );

As hinted at by Andrew already, I think you need to do a global
coding style cleanup pass through this series, making sure you
have (possibly among other things) spaces/parentheses where
they belong and, apart from ambiguous cases where it's a matter
of taste, none where none should be. The example here has too
many spaces - ASSERT, other than if/for/while, is not a keyword.

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text:
Re: [PATCH 06/12] swiotlb-xen: limit init retries

On Tue, Sep 07, 2021 at 02:06:37PM +0200, Jan Beulich wrote:
> Due to the use of max(1024, ...) there's no point retrying (and issuing
> bogus log messages) when the number of slabs is already no larger than
> this minimum value.
> Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@xxxxxxxx>

Looks good,

Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@xxxxxx>

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text:
Health,  Home

Still drinking tap water? STOP! Do this instead.

This post is in partner with Crystal Quest. All thoughts and opinions are my own. Please read my disclaimer page for more information.

Happy Monday ya’ll! I know that even though I am feeling suppperrrr tired from a long night of no sleep (thank you teething!) I’m super pumped because we finally got our Crystal Quest under the sink water filtration system installed! It has taken me months to get an electrician and plumber to our house to do the job – I started the process during their “busy season” of course! I’ve wanted to do this for quite sometime now. We’ve been using water filters on the faucet and buying bottled waters – and I know that both are not the best but way better than tap water.

Have you ever looked into what’s in your tap water? AH, it will make you angry and upset all at the same time. There’s a tap water database that I love using as a reference and will be very helpful for you when deciding what filters you need for your own home. You can click here to go to the website. It’s so important to stay hydrated as water can really work wonders for our bodies but equally important to know what contaminates are in our tap water and why we shouldn’t drink it. Since 2010, water utilities’ testing has found pollutants in Americans’ tap water, according to an EWG drinking water quality analysis of 30 million state water records.

“Drinking water for more than 170 million Americans contains radioactive elements at levels that may increase the risk of cancer, according to an EWG analysis of 2010 to 2015 test results from public water systems nationwide.  Radiation in tap water is a serious health threat, especially during pregnancy. But the Environmental Protection Agency’s legal limits for several types of radioactive elements in tap water are badly outdated…. But federal drinking water standards are based on the cost and feasibility of removing contaminants, not scientific determinations of what is necessary to fully protect human health. And like many EPA tap water standards, the radium limits are based on decades-old research rather than the latest science.”

For this reason, I set out to find a solution for my family and one that I could share with everyone around me. This is something that we all need to be aware of and protect ourselves from. Drinking straight from the tap should never be an option when there are so many contaminates lurking. You can read more about different water filters and why we have chosen to use Crystal Quest by clicking here.

Crystal Quest specializes in residential, commercial, and industrial markets providing water filtration systems for all. I would say that everyone should go to their website and browse the “residential” section to find what they want for their own home. You can also email the company directly and ask them what water filters would work best in your home. We are currently saving money to install a whole house water filtration system but until we have the funds to do that, we use the under the sink for our kitchen, bath tub and shower filters.

If you have any skin issues, you need to tune in to this segment. Get a water filter for your shower and bathtub – Why? Because there are additives in our city tap water that can cause skin irritation. This was something I never thought about until we moved. When we moved into our new home I had not put the shower filters on our showers yet and I took a shower as normal. When I got out, I was itching like crazy and I couldn’t figure out why. I had not changed any products and then I thought to look on the EWG tap water database to see if it could be the water. IT WAS! I was shocked! Using a water filter is great for many reasons and I can say it really does make a huge difference in clearing my psoriasis. Click here to read more about how I treat my psoriasis.

I love the Crystal Quest water filters. I’ve used them for years and because I have been so loyal to their brand, they are being very gracious to gift my followers 10% off their purchases with code: LITTLESOUTHERNWIFE10.

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text:
Title: The Ladybird book of Handwriting
Author: Tom Gourdie
Illustrator: Tom Gourdie
Year: 1968 (First Edition)
Binding: Hardback
Publisher: Wills & Hepworth Ltd.
Book Condition: Very Good/Good
Jacket Condition: N/A

"This is a book which will be of value to all children learning to write, and to all adults who realise the importance of good handwriting. It will be welcomed by teachers for class use, by students and by parents wishing to help their children."

Plenty of techniques for joined and unjoined calligraphy, beautifully presented in full-page black and red illustrations.

As is the case with most matt board Ladybirds, the corners have been bumped. There is also some minor rubbing to the spine. The front and rear boards have been subjected to some minor rubbing as well and there are some marks on the rear (though no scribbles or inscriptions). Internally, the book is in very good condition: no foxing or other markings. Indeed, the book would be in excellent condition were it not for the previous owner's name and address printed in black ink on the fep and the remains of a label in the lower right hand corner of the fep. There is also an inventory number printed in red ballpoint pen in the upper right corner, suggesting the book may have been used in the classroom.

Measures 17.5 cm × 11.5 cm (7″ × 4.6″). 12mo. 52 pp.

Price: £9.95

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Beautiful and cozy room nearby Zhongshan Junior High School MRT Station Professional

2 years ago Housing Taipei   241 views
Location: Taipei
Price: NT$15,800

beautiful and cozy room

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Deposit: NT$30000

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*Monthly rental* co-living bunk bed in Shilin Professional

11 months ago Housing Taipei   85 views
Location: Taipei
Price: NT$7,000

The space is great as well as the atmosphere, ideal to create new friendships. The price is for one bunk bed

Equipment: Ac, Outside Window, Pillow, Desk, Open Hanger, Mattress, Sheets, Chair

Available from: September 16, 2020

Deposit: NT$14000

More info: https://myroomabroad.com/details/-MHIlw6zk9fAMXshPs9J/


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Every foreigner can learn Lithuanian

Written by a journalist Laima Karaliūtė

Lithuanian is an archaic language. Perhaps that is why there’s a myth floating around about it being so difficult that it is impossible to learn. This is not true at all. Specialists say that it is possible to learn Lithuanian in just one year. After a few years of studying, you can pass the national exam and find a good job. Many immigrants speak, read, and write in Lithuanian very well. There’s no need to be a genius. The most important is motivation. Kristina Jakaitė – Bulbukienė, associate professor of Lithuanian Studies at Vilnius University, has been teaching Lithuanian to foreigners for several years now. The professor admits that there is no magical tip on how to learn Lithuanian. However, there are some universal rules. Ahmed Faraz, a Pakistani who speaks Lithuanian, says that learning Lithuanian is not as difficult as it may seem.

A collage by Tomas Terekas

The most important things are motivation and persistence.

“In the beginning, some things will have to be learned by heart, as in any other language. The most important is to understand the structure of the Lithuanian language and then there will be only vocabulary left (Smiles). Of course, personal skills are important, but the number of languages that a person speaks matters even more. The more languages you know, the easier it is to learn a new one. On the other hand, I used to teach an Arab who knew only his native language when he arrived in Lithuania. And guess what! He put a lot of effort into it and learned Lithuanian. The most important things are motivation and persistence,” says the professor.

The specialist says that there is no nation for which learning Lithuanian would be easier or harder. It’s because Lithuanian is not like any other language.

“Many believe that Arabic, Kurdish or Turkish people find it more difficult to learn Lithuanian. On the contrary, even though our languages are so different, they get the hang of Lithuanian sounds quicker than, for example, Chinese or Japanese students,” says the specialist in Lithuanian philology.

It might involve some tongue twisting

Beginners often have most difficulties with getting used to the sound of the language. Even though Lithuanian has many international words, foreigners don’t recognize them because of peculiar word endings. “Even such frequently used Lithuanian words as šiukšlė (rubbish), žvaigždė (star) or žaizda (wound) sound funny for students. It is not easy to pronounce them right away, you have to twist your tongue,” says the professor.

The ones who want to learn Lithuanian quicker should begin with basic, daily phrases. Simply memorize them without getting deeper into the grammar.

Even Lithuanians make mistakes

The second step is to understand and memorize the main grammar rules. By any means should you go deep into the nuances. They are endless in the Lithuanian language, that’s why the learning might take a long time and the willingness might disappear as well. Perfectionism in learning Lithuanian is not helpful, at least in the beginning.

“We don’t scare the foreigners right away by saying that in the Lithuanian language almost all words are declined, conjugated, accented, and so on.” Not to mention the spelling rules of the letters with hooks. Even Lithuanians rarely write without any mistakes, so why require that from a foreigner?” remarks the professor.

The fear of making a mistake may be an obstacle

The professor emphasizes that you should not be afraid of making mistakes when learning Lithuanian. You will learn to speak correctly with time.

“It is important to listen to Lithuanians speaking and try to speak yourself as much as possible. I have noticed that many Lithuanians do the language learners no favors. They start to speak English. So, I advise Lithuanian learners to ask people to talk to them in Lithuanian,” she adds.

The fastest way to learn Lithuanian is to fall in love

“I advise my students to learn Lithuanian by reading what they like the most. For example, if you are interested in Lithuanian realities, you may read the news websites or watch the news. Start by trying to understand only the headlines. They are usually not difficult. If you don’t understand, translate it into your native language. Use online translation tools,” says the professor and adds that motivation is the most important thing in language learning. “The ones who want to find well-paid jobs and become fully-fledged members of society learn Lithuanian the quickest. Probably the fastest way to learn Lithuanian is to fall in love with a Lithuanian. I’m speaking from my own experience (Laughs.)”

A Pakistani learned Lithuanian in two years

Ahmed Faraz has been living in Lithuania for eight years. His native language is Urdu and he heard Lithuanian for the first time when he arrived here. It took two years for a Pakistani who spoke English, Arabic and a little Turkish to learn Lithuanian. Ahmed is sharing his experience and advice on how to start speaking Lithuanian.

“When I first started learning Lithuanian, during the first lesson, my teacher told me that the language is difficult, but it is possible to learn. It motivated me and became a challenge for me,” says Ahmed and adds that motivation is not enough, you need to have courage to start speaking Lithuanian.

Grammatical cases are the most difficult to learn

“Many of my acquaintances from abroad understand Lithuanian, but they are scared of speaking or saying a nonsense. Then I tell them that you will not speak any language if you are scared. There is no need to speak fluently right away. It’s not going to happen. For example, when I had just arrived in Lithuania, I went to the store and heard a customer saying “iki”. I thought that in Lithuanian it means “labas”. I came to the cash desk and said “iki” to the cashier (Laughs),” tells Ahmed reminiscing about his first day in Lithuania.

Ahmed says that grammatical cases were the most difficult to learn. The Pakistani man hung the rules of declension on the wall and learned them that way.

The “horrible” letter Ž

“At the beginning, it wasn’t easy to distinguish between the genders of nouns. For example, the rule says that nouns which end with ‘is’ are masculine. For example, ‘brolis’, ‘lobis’ and so on. But how would you explain ‘moteris’ or ‘stotis’ being feminine? In a nutshell, Lithuanian has a lot of exceptions. It is scary at the beginning, but later you get used to it and everything is clear. I can now freely pronounce words even with the letter Ž which was impossible before,” says Ahmed while recalling Lithuanian lessons.

Ahmed advise learners not to be scared to ask Lithuanians what is the meaning of a certain word. “They will always help and even give you a compliment that you’re learning Lithuanian,” Ahmed adds.

How to learn lithuanian quicker:

Find the motivation. Why do I want to learn Lithuanian? How is it beneficial to me?
Learn the main phrases by heart and do not be afraid of using them
Do not be afraid of making mistakes when speaking
Ask Lithuanians to talk to you in Lithuanian rather than English or any other language that you both know
Try to understand the fundamentals of Lithuanian grammar structure without getting deep into the details right away
Do not look for similarities or compare it with other languages

Interesting facts about the Lithuanian language

Lithuanian belongs to the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family (along with Latvian)
Lithuanian is one of the oldest surviving Indo-European languages
Some similarities may be found between Lithuanian and Sanskrit (a classical language of India), Latin, and Ancient Greek
It does not have articles. The connections between words are expressed by declining the endings
Learning to read Lithuanian is not difficult. Essentially it is read as it is written. One just has to know the sound of each letter
The current Lithuanian alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet. It has 32 letters of which 23 come directly from Latin alphabet and the other 9 are added
Unique and distinctive sounding letters: Ą, Ę, Į, Ų, Ū, Ė, Č, Š, Ž
Lithuanian is the only official state language of the Republic of Lithuania


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Studio Apartment for sale at 6th Avenue

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John Perlin
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This property is a 27 SqM studio apartment with 1 bathroom that is available for sale. It is part of the 6th Avenue project in Choeng Thale, Phuket and was completed in Feb 2016. You can buy this apartment for a base price of $103,000 ($3,810/SqM).

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Committed to the Church

“I don’t need church to walk with the Lord!”  I can hear someone say, or, “Religion is a man made institution.”  Well, I have news for you, the church is a God ordained institution, one of three that the Lord has specifically put together Himself; the other two being the family and human government.  Denominations are another thing, but the Church is a “called out assembly” that God has chosen to gather together and worship Christ.

I cannot over emphasize the importance that church is in our walk with God.  Each one of us needs, teaching, preaching, fellowship and accountability; all of which are provided by the church.  The church is not a building, but a group of baptized believers in Jesus Christ.  The church is to be organized according to the word of God with Pastor, deacons and members.  The Pastor is to lead the church and is the under shepherd to Christ.  The Word of God is the authority given to the church by God and the Bible is to lead the church.

Ephesians 5:25 Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved the church, and gave himself for it;

In order for us to be committed to our walk with God, we need to be committed to the organization that Christ gave His life for.  Having a casual attitude about church will not get us in closer relationship with the Lord.  I know that many churches have their problems, that is because they are full of imperfect people.  But, going to church if nothing better comes up, is telling the Lord that His death is not as important as what other things you have in mind.

If we are going to be committed to a walk with God we need to commit to our church.  Be there at every opportunity, get involved, give of your money and your time.  Get to know the people that are there.  Don’t just be an interested attender, be “all in.”  If the church you attend does not preach the Bible, find another one that does.  Then commit!

Jesus loves the church and gave His life for it, shouldn’t we respect that commitment to us and commit to the church?


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Messages in this thread
SubjectRe: [PATCH v3 04/11] arm64, mm: Move generic mmap layout functions to mm
On 4/18/19 10:19 AM, Kees Cook wrote:
> On Thu, Apr 18, 2019 at 12:55 AM Alex Ghiti <> wrote:
>> Regarding the help text, I agree that it does not seem to be frequent to
>> place
>> comment above config like that, I'll let Christoph and you decide what's
>> best. And I'll
>> add the possibility for the arch to define its own STACK_RND_MASK.
> Yeah, I think it's very helpful to spell out the requirements for new
> architectures with these kinds of features in the help text (see
> SECCOMP_FILTER for example).
>>> CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_ELF_RANDOMIZE. It would mean moving
>> I don't think we should link those 2 features together: an architecture
>> may want
>> topdown mmap and don't care about randomization right ?
> Given that the mmap randomization and stack randomization are already
> coming along for the ride, it seems weird to make brk randomization an
> optional feature (especially since all the of the architectures you're
> converting include it). I'd also like these kinds of security features
> to be available by default. So, I think one patch to adjust the MIPS
> brk randomization entropy and then you can just include it in this
> move.

Ok that makes sense, and that would bring support for randomization to
riscv at the same time, so I'll look into it, thanks.

>> Actually, I had to add those ifdefs for mmap_rnd_compat_bits, not
>> is_compat_task.
> Oh! In that case, use CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS. :) Actually,
> what would be maybe cleaner would be to add mmap_rnd_bits_min/max
> consts set to 0 for the non-CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS case at the
> top of mm/mmap.c.

Ok I'll do that.

> I really like this clean-up! I think we can move x86 to it too without
> too much pain. :)

Yeah I think too, I will do that too.

Thanks again,

 \ /
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Bill Lloyd for Chattanooga City Council

Committed to building a stronger Chattanooga that works for all.

Bill Lloyd

On Tuesday, March 2, 2021, we will vote for a Chattanooga City Council to lead us for the next 4 years.

Let's work together to build a great future!

Tornado damage

The acid test of our elected representatives is how they respond when crisis strikes.  After this past year with the global pandemic and a tornado that devastated our district, we have the opportunity to elect to the Chattanooga City Council more responsive district representation.

With the severe impact of both COVID and the tornado in our district and our city, we have the opportunity to come together to determine what resources we need to restore our families, our businesses, and our economy to build a stronger, more resilient city.

Chattanooga downtown

Our city rightfully proclaims itself Gig City leading with 21st century technology…while we drive on 20th century roads.  The Chattanooga City Council has the opportunity to upgrade and pave roads that have long been neglected.

We have all mastered the art of talking at and over each other.  With the challenges we have all faced, we have the opportunity to rediscover what it means to listen, to have real dialogue, and perhaps find new ideas to address age-old concerns.

My Vision:

  • Our elected representatives should proactively reach out to those severely impacted by crisis situations. Our representatives should establish a proactive pathway for ongoing communication not just in times of crisis but to keep district residents up to date on issues and matters before city government.
  • Let’s bring together representatives of faith communities, social service and not-for-profit agencies, businesses, and citizens at large to understand the needs and resources necessary to restore economic stability and ultimately return to economic growth.
  • The continued growth of Chattanooga depends on a transportation system that not only meets our current needs but accounts for growth and the city we seek to become. We can find the will to prioritize upgrading and paving deteriorating and obsolete roads. As part of this we need to address our public transportation system and what is needed to properly serve those of our citizens and neighborhoods whose ability to provide is burdened by the lack of adequate transportation.
  • Chattanooga, like many cities across the country, has wrestled for decades with the same issues. We’ve reached so much polarization that we will not hear anyone with a different view or opinion.  We’ve all staked our flags.  As a result, dialogue that could result in creative, new ideas has been squashed.  Are we able to step back, create an environment where we actually listen, discuss without judgement and find potentially impactful new ideas and partnerships that will actually address concerns?

My Resume:

  • Having lost our home in the April tornado, I understand what it means to need help. I also understand what it means to be there to help others.
  • A 40+ year career in banking, listening to and working with entrepreneurs and privately owned businesses has given me a strong background in what works in the economy and what doesn’t.
  • I have spent the last 30+ years advocating for and working with organizations that provide support for children and adults with disabilities.
  • My volunteer work has also focused on education – early childhood education, especially for those children in underserved populations and children with disabilities.
  • I previously was elected to and served on the Board of Education of a large public school district in Illinois.

Sign Me Up!

If you want to be added to my email list, please fill out your name and email in the form below. Thank you!

Contact Me

Need to get in touch with me directly or want to help with the campaign? Reach out to me in one of the following ways…

Paid for and approved by Bill Lloyd, Candidate for Chattanooga City Council


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Call Us: 513-965-4899 Email:
Learning Expeditions at Rowe Woods
31 Aug, 2015. 0 Comments. . Posted By: lncigc

Program Description:

Enhance your life science curriculum by visiting Rowe Woods with your class for one of our experiential lessons. Classes are divided into groups of 8-10 students with a trained Cincinnati Nature Center leader and school chaperone for personal, hands-on experiences in nature. All lessons integrate Ohio academic standards and Next Generation Science Standards. Options include Maple Sugaring (February only), Ohio Plants and Animals, What's for Lunch, Inquiry in the Forest, and Under Our Feet. For more information, see our school brochure at:

Program Provider: Cincinnati Nature Center
Grade Level: b) Kindergarten, c) 1st Grade, d) 2nd Grade, e) 3rd Grade, f) 4th Grade, g) 5th Grade, h) 6th Grade

How much does the program cost? 6$ per student

Program Provider Website:
Contact Person Name: Melissa Sabo
Contact Person Phone: (513)-831-1711
Contact Person Email:
Subject Matter: Animals, Conservation, Environmental Health, Geology/Fossils, Gardening Agriculture and Soil, Habitat, Plants

Program Length: Over 1 hour
Maximum Number of Students: 65
Days Offered: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday
Times Offered: Flexible
State Content Standards Met: Ohio, Kentucky
Venue Needed: Any
Region: Greater Cincinnati Area

Extra materials, if any:

Related Posts

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Great Parks- Farbach-Werner Nature Preserve Programs
Great Parks- Sharon Woods Programs
Great Parks- Woodland Mound Programs


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Call Us: 513-965-4899 Email:
Native American Life & Lore
4 Sep, 2013. 0 Comments. . Posted By: lncigc

Program Description:

Children "travel back in time" to see what it was like to be a Native American in Ohio during the 1700's.

The program includes artifacts, storytelling and dancing.

Organizations Served: School and After-School

Program Provider: Mother's Nature 2 Inc.
Grade Level: a) Pre-K, b) Kindergarten, c) 1st Grade, d) 2nd Grade, e) 3rd Grade, f) 4th Grade

How much does the program cost? $90.00

Program Provider Website:
Contact Person Name: Jane Gonzales
Contact Person Phone: 513-697-8826
Contact Person Email:
Subject Matter: History, Literature

Program Length: Less than 1 hour
Maximum Number of Students: 30
Days Offered: Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday
Times Offered: Flexible
State Content Standards Met: Ohio, Kentucky
Venue Needed: Any
Region: Greater Cincinnati Area

Extra materials, if any:

Related Posts

Great Parks- Miami Whitewater Forest Programs
Great Parks- Farbach-Werner Nature Preserve Programs
Great Parks- Sharon Woods Programs
Great Parks- Woodland Mound Programs


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Best answer: What taxes do Alaska residents pay?

What kind of taxes do you pay in Alaska?

Alaska has the lowest taxes in the country. There are no statewide income or sales taxes, but residents do still pay some local sales taxes. There are also property taxes.

Do you have to pay property taxes in Alaska?

Overview of Alaska Taxes

Many cities in Alaska do not levy any property tax. However, the largest cities, including Anchorage, do. Average property taxes in the state are a bit higher than the national average property tax. The average effective property tax rate in Alaska is 1.18%, while the U.S. rate is 1.07%.

Is there no tax in Alaska?

Known as ‘The Last Frontier’, Alaska is the most tax-friendly state in the country. It has no sales tax and no state income tax. Alaska charges a slightly higher than average property tax rate of 1.18%, but the state has several ways to apply for property tax exemptions.

Do you pay income tax in Alaska?

The State of Alaska currently does not have an individual income tax, therefore no employee withholding for state income tax is required.

IT IS INTERESTING:  Quick Answer: Is Iceland further north than Alaska?

Can you just move to Alaska?

While it’s a common misconception that you can move there for free, you can get paid to live in Alaska. The Alaska Permanent Fund Dividend (PFD) takes the state’s oil wealth and shares an annual portion with all permanent residents (both children and adults).

Is it expensive to live in Alaska?

Alaska is one of the most expensive states to live in. Most of its cities and towns consistently have a cost of living that is more expensive than the national average. … There are cities in Alaska that are affordable and still provide the lifestyle you crave.

Why does Alaska pay you to live there?

Bonus: Anywhere in Alaska or Vermont. … Since 1976, Alaska has paid its residents to live there via its Permanent Fund Dividend. The payouts are funded by Alaska’s oil royalties and are divided up evenly among citizens. Yearly payouts vary, but the 2018 dividend was $1,600.

How much is a Big Mac in Alaska?

The price of Combo meal in fast food restaurant (Big Mac Meal or similar) in Anchorage, Alaska is $11. This average is based on 9 price points. It provides a decent estimate, but it is not yet reliable. Latest update: September 19, 2021.

How much is a gallon milk in Alaska?

Got milk? For many milk is a grocery staple. However, depending upon where you live, the cost can fluctuate dramatically. According to the USDA, the average gallon of whole milk is $3.59 a gallon.

Average Price Of Milk In Every State.

IT IS INTERESTING:  Is Hawaii or Alaska further?
State Cost
Alaska $3.78
Arizona $1.98
Arkansas $2.99
California $2.69

What is the most common job in Alaska?

5 Popular Alaska Jobs

  • Zoologists and wildlife biologists.
  • Geological and petroleum technician.
  • Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers.
  • Material moving workers.
  • Commercial pilots.


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Is Alaska in Conus?

Is Alaska a Conus or Oconus?

OCONUS refers to “Outside the Continental United States” or outside of the 48 contiguous United States). Alaska, Hawaii, (States) Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Virgin Islands, Northern Mariana Islands, and Guam (US territories) are all considered OCONUS, d.

Is Alaska considered Oconus leave?

Alaska and Hawaii are not part of the contiguous states and are included in the definition of non-foreign OCONUS. NON-FOREIGN OCONUS AREA, the states of AK and HI, the Commonwealths of Puerto Rico and the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and U.S. territories and possessions.)

Is Alaska in stateside?

Alaska became the 49th state of the United States on January 3, 1959. Alaska is on the northwest end of the North American continent, but separated from the rest of the United States West Coast by the Canadian province of British Columbia.

Is Alaska considered overseas?

U.S. Military Bases

Alaska and Hawaii are considered OCONUS & overseas.

Does Conus include Alaska and Hawaii?

Continental United States (CONUS) | Defense Security Cooperation Agency. United States territory, including the adjacent territorial waters, located within the North American Continent between Canada and Mexico. Does not include Hawaii or Alaska.

IT IS INTERESTING:  Are cruises to Alaska still sailing?

What 2 states are not part of the continental US?

The definition of “continental United States” that we and most other major survey organizations use includes the 48 contiguous states but not Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico and the other U.S. territories.

Is Hawaii considered Conus leave?

CONUS = The 48 CONtiguous States and the District of Columbia or “the lower 48, as they’re affectionately known to the Alaskans.” Overseas = Any country or place beyond the CONUS. Alaska, Hawaii and the U.S. territories are considered overseas under the Space-A Regulation.

What is difference between Conus and Oconus?

The acronym OCONUS stands for Outside the Continental United States, while CONUS means the Continental United States. The continental United States is also known as the “Lower 48 states.” Therefore, CONUS does not include Alaska and Hawaii or U.S. overseas territories.

What is Oconus salary?

How Much Is Overseas COLA? The average supplement is $300 per month. The basic measurement is a comparison of the difference in average costs related to purchasing essentials in CONUS and at the OCONUS location. It impacts 320,000 members at approximately 600 locations overseas, including Alaska and Hawaii.

Do you get paid to live in Alaska?

Alaska runs a program called the Alaska Permanent Fund, which, per the state website, allots an equal amount of the state’s oil royalties to every resident through an annual dividend. In 2018, that dividend came out to $1,600 per person.

Do you need a passport to go to Alaska?

As the 49th State, U.S. residents don’t need a passport to go to Alaska, but as of May 3, 2023, you will need a REAL ID. … Remember, if you’re traveling anywhere in the United States – including Alaska – after May 3, 2023, you’ll need REAL ID-compliant identification to go through TSA checkpoints.

IT IS INTERESTING:  Is alcohol illegal in Alaska?


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Ellis Hall

Ellis Hall, born in Savanna, Georgia, raised in Boston, is often labeled “genius”. Without musical boundaries he is the quintessential performer, multi-instrumentalist and vocalist, with a five-octave range.

Hall has also made a mark with his incredible ability as a songwriter, arranger and producer. Ellis has performed, recorded and collaborated with a vast variety of musical icons. Including Stevie Wonder, Patti LaBelle, George Benson, Michael McDonald, John Mayer, Herbie Hancock, Earth Wind & Fire, Natalie Cole, James Taylor, George Duke, Huey Lewis and the News and his musical mentor Ray Charles.

In the early years of his career, Ellis was featured as the lead vocalist performing with Kenny G. on his debut hit single, “What Does it Take.” He then joined the soul-stirring group Tower Of Power as lead vocalist, keyboardist, songwriter, arranger, and producer and enjoyed tremendous success as a member of the multi-platinum group, The California Raisins.

Ellis has been featured in the award winning TV shows including, “The Wonder Years”, and The 75th Oscars “Chicago” segment with Catherine Zeta Jones and Queen Latifa. Some of his film credits include “Big Momma’s House” with Martin Lawrence as well as Steven Spielberg’s “Catch Me If You Can” starring Tom Hanks and Leonardo DiCaprio. He has also been a featured vocalist on soundtracks ranging from the TV series West Wing and NYPD Blue to films such as “Lion King II,” “Chicken Run,” “Bruce Almighty,” “A Day Without A Mexican” and “Polar Express”.

Ellis has the honor of being the only artist, other than Ray Charles, to be signed to Charles’ label Crossover Records. He performed and was introduced as Ray Charles’ protégé at The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts where Mr. Charles received the National Visionary Leadership Project Award. This tribute has lead to his recent performances with various symphonies including the Pittsburg, Tucson, Nashville and Honolulu Orchestras. Ellis is proud to carry on the celebration of the soul legacy.

Leave a Comment


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Deye Hybrid Solar inverter in India (Lithium ion battery compatible)

Deye Solar is the fastest growing lithium ion compatible hybrid solar inverter company in India

Deye Hybrid Solar - 3 KW | 4 KW | 5 KW | 6 KW(Single Phase), 6 KW | 8 KW | 10 KW | 12 KW (three phase) - Hybrid solar inverter - Net-metering ready

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More information:

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Pink Dog in Heart

Pink Dog in Heart is a fine art print of an illustration by Tori Benz. Originally created using water colour & guache, it is printed on premium archival paper. Tori says "I am very much a dog person. I adore their kind hearted nature and pure, unconditional love"


text: We know how wonderful it is to get your colours and theme running throughout your big day. If you would like to send us a sample of your colour theme, then you can just pop it in the post to us to 24 Roath Court Road, Cardiff CF24 3SB. This may be a fabric sample or cut out from a magazine for example. Or feel free to email a photo and we can try and match it that way. Please email jo@thelovetree.co.uk for details and confirmation that you are sending it to us.


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A Derbyshire couple decided to tie the knot in a very unique way after their original plans were unable to go ahead due to Covid restrictions – by getting married underwater.

Having been together for five years, Christopher and Lisa Jackson wanted to celebrate their marriage doing something they both loved, and so their ceremony took place whilst the couple were immersed in the 864,000-litre oceanarium at the Bear Grylls Adventure Centre.

The couple, whose plans originally involved a wedding in Cyprus, decided to celebrate their union underwater as they had both trained together to become scuba divers. They were looking for an innovative way to keep guest numbers down because of the restrictions, and so wedding invitations went out for their aquatic ceremony.

The Jacksons were joined in the tank by Lisa’s trainee scuba diver daughter Elise, who was a bridesmaid. The eight guests in attendance were treated to an amazing spectacle when fish food was sprayed into the tank at the end of the ceremony, and the colourful fish swarmed around the couple like confetti.

Lisa, 38, had two wedding dresses on the day – her official wedding dress, and a plain one that she changed into for the watery nuptials. She had to sew weights into the second dress to stop it from floating up while under the water.

The couple took inspiration for their special day after seeing a similar wedding ceremony on the TV programme ‘Don’t Tell the Bride’.


text:
Jamie’s Quick Chicken & Mushroom 🍄 Pie

By Jamie Olivier

This easy chicken pie recipe is perfect with green and mash, it’s a great winter warmer.

Watch how-to video 👇🏻

(Adapted from Jamie’s 30-Minute Meals)

500g free-range chicken (you can use breast or thigh)

a knob of butter

1 bunch of spring onions

150g button mushrooms

1 heaped tsp plain flour (plus extra for dusting)

2 tsp English mustard

1 tbsp creme fraiche

300ml chicken stock

a few sprigs of thyme

1/2 a nutmeg, grated

1 sheet of pre-rolled puff pastry

1 egg

salt & pepper

extra virgin olive oil.

🍾 Pre-heat the oven to 200 degree C. Chop up the button mushroom and spring onions and slice the chicken into strips or bite-sized chunks.

🍾 Heat a lug of olive oil and a knob of butter in a heavy-based pan over a medium heat. Add the chicken and cook for a few minutes. Add the mushrooms and spring onions to the pan with a tablespoon of plain flour and give it all a good stir. Mix in two teaspoons of English mustard, a generous tablespoon of creme fraiche and 300ml of good chicken stock (though I have used a stock pot and it was fine). Finally add some picked thyme leaves and a good grating of nutmeg, season with sea salt and pepper. Leave simmering on the stove whilst you sort out your pastry.

🍾 Sort out your pastry simply mean get it out of the fridge and unroll onto a dry lightly floured work surface. Using a knife, lightly criss-cross the surface.

🍾 Once your chicken filling has thickened up slightly, tip it into a ovenproof baking dish slightly smaller than the sheet of pastry. Cover the filling with the sheet of pastry; don’t worry about the edges, just tuck them in around the filling.

🍾 Lightly beat the egg with a fork, then brush it over the top of the pie.

🍾 Bake on the top shelf of the oven for around 15 minutes, or until gorgeously browned.

🍾 If you want to go all the way Jamie, serve alongside peas and smashed carrots.

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COTTONDIARY Knit Beanie Hats for Women Men Double Layer Fleece Lined Chunky Winter Hat

  • $23.99

2. Listing Date: 2020.1.23

 This Knit Beanie Hats for Women and Men is double layer with fleece lined made of comfortable, breathable,durable and AZO Free acrylic,cute and soft; Good elasticity make it accommodates any head size;
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    Care Instructions: Just simply dry clean or hand wash the beanie hat in tepid water with mild detergent and lay flat to air dry


text:
Vol. 30 No. 1 · 3 January 2008

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As Greg Grandin shows in his demolition, Henry Kissinger has been a master at ‘sucking up to P’, whatever the human consequences (LRB, 29 November 2007). What Grandin doesn’t tell us is that Kissinger has also made a fortune doing so, as a consultant to multinational corporations and foreign governments. While advising Nixon Kissinger met many of his future business partners, including the governments of China and Indonesia and a long list of multinational corporations. US-Chinese rapprochement has been especially good for Kissinger Associates, the private consulting firm he founded five years after he left office. Although its clients are a secret, it’s widely known that the firm has introduced a number of major American corporations to the Chinese government. Six months before the massacre in Tiananmen Square, Kissinger established China Ventures, a limited investment partnership, of which he was chairman, CEO and general partner. After the Chinese army fired on student protesters, Kissinger left no doubt where his sympathies lay: ‘no government in the world would have tolerated having the main square of its capital occupied for eight weeks by tens of thousands of demonstrators.’ Kissinger has also helped Freeport-McMoRan, a ruthless mining company based in New Orleans, to do business in Burma, and on the island of Irian Jaya, conquered by Indonesia’s generals when Nixon was in power. Being Nixon’s chief consigliere turned out to be quite a lucrative career for the former secretary of state.

Max Zweig
Lenox, Massachusetts

Where Do Dead Norsemen Go?

Greenlanders, Neal Ascherson writes, ‘don’t mind what happens to the bones of “Norsemen"’ (LRB, 18 October 2007). In fact, the agreement between Denmark and Greenland on the repatriation of museum objects from the Danish National Museum to the Greenland National Museum and Archives specifically includes human remains, whether Inuit or Norse. Greenland owns the remains but they are curated at the Panum Institute in Copenhagen.

Joel Berglund

Resistance is Surrender

Slavoj Žižek is a delightful provocateur and a gifted intellectual comedian (LRB, 15 November 2007). One day he’s denouncing do-gooder capitalists like George Soros by insisting that capitalism is an irredeemable system of structural violence; the next he’s informing the left that there’s no chance of ever overcoming it. One day he’s embracing Lenin as a man whose aim was to destroy all states for ever, the next he’s arguing that the state must be maintained as the only remaining bulwark against capitalism. If you ask Žižek to review a book your readers are unlikely to learn much about it. Thus he pays a good deal of attention to Simon Critchley’s Infinitely Demanding, but largely for his own purposes.

Critchley is one of the few intellectuals who have taken seriously the possibility that those who are actively engaged in fighting capitalism might have something relevant to say. He has tried to understand what they are attempting and to work out how the tools at his disposal might be helpful. His book does not simply propound a Levinasian ethics, understood as an infinite responsibility to the other, but is itself an attempt to practise one. Žižek appears to object to this project on principle. When you shave away the posturing, his real message is that intellectuals have always been, and always must be, whores to power. He can’t quite come out and say this, so he conveys it in a series of rhetorical manoeuvres, mostly based on the use of the term ‘we’. ‘We’ are intellectuals, ‘we’ are the left (since the left apparently consists primarily of intellectuals), but ‘we’ also seem to include anyone from Tony Blair and the Democratic Party in the US to the current rulers of the People’s Republic of China. As a result ‘we’ obviously cannot stand opposed on principle to cruise missiles and interrogation chambers because our real brothers and sisters are not those being blown up by or strung up in them, but rather, those pushing the buttons and calculating stress positions.

I’d offer two points readers might wish to consider. First, capitalism will not be around for ever. An engine of infinite expansion and accumulation cannot, by definition, continue for ever in a finite world. Now that India and China are buying in as full players, it seems reasonable to assume that within fifty years at most, the system will hit its physical limits. Whatever we end up with at that point, it will not be a system of infinite expansion. It will not be capitalism; it will be something else. However, there is no guarantee that this something will be better. It might be considerably worse. Might we not do well at least to consider what something better might be like? If nothing else it seems an odd moment to call off all speculation about alternatives. And if one does wish to think about alternatives to capitalism, how better to do this than to engage with those building such alternatives in the present?

Why is Chávez the model? Why not, say, Evo Morales, who, unlike Chávez, really was placed in power by, and remains answerable to, genuine social movements? Could we imagine Žižek, even in his fantasies, patiently listening to the demands of the directly democratic assemblies of El Alto? Chávez may be a virtuoso performer but he is also a political comedian holding power with no real responsibility except to give his audience pleasure.

David Graeber
Goldsmiths, University of London

Perhaps Alexander Zevin was out of the States in 2005 since he thinks Americans never protest on structural matters such as the division of national wealth (LRB, 29 November 2007). That year saw many ‘co-ordinated “actions"’ that eventually frustrated an attempt to privatise Social Security. A coalition of many secular and religious organisations was formed, led by the Working Families Party and the Service Employees International Union. Handbills and posters were printed. We marched, we held mass meetings, we signed petitions, we made lobbying visits to Congress. We succeeded.

Sam Abrams
Rochester, New York

Why Pigs Don’t Have Wings

Jerry Fodor persists with two provocative claims: first, that natural selection explanations are incoherent; second, that there is some alternative explanation for adaptive phenomena such as camouflage or beak shape (Letters, 29 November 2007).

To show the incoherence of anything, you have to address it in the form in which its professional expositors deploy it. In large numbers of articles and books, published from 1859 to the present, evolutionary biologists use the following style of explanation. A characteristic of an organism (the colour of an animal’s coat, say) is as it is because of a historical process. In some ancestral population there was a variant type that differed from the rest in ways that enhanced reproductive success. (White polar bears, for example, more camouflaged than their brown confrères, were better at sneaking up on seals, were better fed and left more offspring.) If the variant has a genetic basis, its frequency increases in the next generation.

Is this incoherent? Nothing Fodor says bears on that question. Instead, he opposes a very particular way of presenting the explanation. Some people think we can talk of ‘selection for’ a characteristic, and identify rather precisely the traits that have been ‘selected for’. Fodor tries to argue that this is wrong: that there is no single correct answer (whether we know it or not) to the question of whether it was the whiteness of polar bears or their blending in with their surroundings that was ‘selected for’. Whether he is right is a philosophical issue about which people can disagree, but it has nothing to do with the coherence of Darwinian explanation. Natural selection proceeds if three elements are in place: variation in a trait, an effect of the variation on reproductive success, and some means by which the trait is inherited. Both the whiteness and the environmental blending emerged from the historical process that the selection explanation describes.

Although Fodor follows a long line of people, including Darwin himself, who recognise constraints on natural selection, he advocates something far more ambitious than his predecessors. He wants a replacement of natural selection, not supplements to it. Some of the signatories to this letter have emphasised the importance of constraints, and have written against the hyper-Darwinian practice of seeing adaptation everywhere. None of us has ever supposed that the appeal to constraints could eliminate all mention of selection.

Cases of convergent evolution are vivid illustrations of natural selection’s importance. Ichthyosaurs, sharks and dolphins share a similar body form; marsupial and placental mammals have counterparts that are almost identical in form. In different lines of descent, similar traits emerge. Fodor would have us believe that natural selection plays no role whatsoever in explaining these facts. Indeed, he doesn’t say how he thinks convergence – or any adaptation – should be explained, but merely tells us that he and a coauthor have something up their sleeve. The task they envisage is far more ambitious than that attempted by brilliant evolutionary theorists who have wanted to ‘expand’ Darwinism (for example, Stephen Jay Gould). Given the evidence that at least one of these would-be revolutionaries has little acquaintance with the biological theory he aspires to replace, we have little reason to think they will succeed.

Simon Blackburn, Jerry Coyne, Philip Kitcher, Tim Lewens, Steven Rose
University of Cambridge, University of Chicago, Columbia University, University of Cambridge, Open University

Jerry Fodor writes: Blackburn et al have a number of complaints about what I wrote. The first is exegetical: they say that the kind of adaptationism I’ve attacked is not one that paradigm adaptationists endorse. I think that even a cursory glance at the relevant literature shows this is false. The standard current formulation has it that a main goal of evolutionary theory is to explain the distribution of phenotypic traits in populations of organisms, and that natural selection is the key to such explanations: organisms are selected for the ecological fitness of their phenotypes. Patently, any such theory is in want of a coherent account of what it is for a creature to be selected for some or other of its traits. But I don’t propose to argue the exegetical point. Let those the shoe fits wear it. I’m content if what I wrote serves a cautionary function: if you find yourself tempted to espouse this sort of adaptationism, don’t!

Their second claim is that there is no incoherence (or, anyhow, none of the sort that I alleged) in selection theory as correctly understood. They don’t, however, say what the correct understanding is. Rather, they offer some potted polar bear history: ‘White polar bears … more camouflaged than their brown confrères, were better at sneaking up on seals, were better fed and left more offspring.’ I don’t know whether this story is true (neither, I imagine, do they), but let’s suppose it is. They ask, rhetorically, whether I think it’s incoherent. Well, of course I don’t, but that’s because they’ve somehow left out the Darwin bit. To get it back in, you have to add that the white bears were selected ‘because of’ their improved camouflage, and that the white bears were ‘selected for’ their improved camouflage: i.e. that the improved camouflage ‘explains’ why the white bears survived and flourished. But now we get the incoherence back too. What Darwin failed to notice (and what paradigm adaptationists continue to fail to notice) is that the theory of natural selection entails none of these. In fact, the theory of natural selection leaves it wide open what (if anything) the white bears were selected for. Here’s the argument. Consider any trait X that was locally coextensive with being white in the polar bear’s evolutionary ecology. Selection theory is indifferent between ‘the bears were selected for being white’ and ‘the bears were selected for being X.’ What’s ‘incoherent’ is to admit that the theory of natural selection can’t distinguish among locally coextensive properties while continuing to claim that natural selection explains why polar bears are white. Do not reply: ‘But it’s just obvious that, if the situation was as Blackburn et al describe, then it was the whiteness of the bears that mattered.’ The question is not what is obvious to the theorist; the question is what follows from the theory. Why is it so hard to get this very rudimentary distinction across?

Having got all that wrong, Blackburn et al add that ‘Fodor tries to argue that … there is no single correct answer … to the question of whether it was the whiteness of polar bears or their blending in with their surroundings that was “selected for".’ But I don’t argue anything of the sort. Since the hypotheses that the bears were selected for being white and that they were selected for matching their environments support different counterfactuals (what would have happened if their environment had been orange?) they can perfectly well be distinguished in (for example, experimental) environments in which one trait is instantiated and the other one isn’t. I don’t claim that locally coextensive properties are indistinguishable in principle. I claim that, since the theory of natural selection fails to distinguish them, there must be something wrong with the theory. (I also don’t claim to have ‘some alternative explanation for adaptive phenomena’; only that there had better be one sooner or later; and that it’s a plausible guess that, when there is, it will explain adaptive phenomena largely by appeal to endogenous constraints on phenotypes.)

Finally, they say that whether I’m right about all this is ‘a philosophical issue’. I don’t know how they decide such things; maybe they think that philosophical issues are the ones that nobody else cares about (a masochistic metatheory that many philosophers apparently endorse). Anyhow, the kind of philosophy I do consists largely of minding other people’s business. I am, to be sure, in danger of having insufficient ‘acquaintance with the biological theory that [I aspire] to replace’; but I’m prepared to risk it. A blunder is a blunder for all that, and it doesn’t take an ornithologist to tell a hawk from a handsaw. Tom Kuhn remarks that you can often guess when a scientific paradigm is ripe for a revolution: it’s when people from outside start to stick their noses in.

When Fascism Comes

Nicholas Guyatt cites Sinclair Lewis as the source of the remark ‘When fascism comes to America, it will be wrapped in the flag and carrying a cross’ (LRB, 15 November 2007). It’s a good one, but it comes from Upton Sinclair. It reminds me of something similar said by George Orwell: ‘When fascism comes to America, it will come with a smiling face.’ Always difficult to be sure about these, but here’s an apt follow-up, which is certainly to be attributed to H.L. Mencken: ‘Some great and glorious day the plain folks of this land will reach their heart’s desire at last and the White House will be adorned by a downright moron.’

Sheldon Litt

Round the Horn

My madrigal group has sung ‘Thule, the Period of Cosmographie’ by Thomas Weelkes on many occasions, with variable results, especially the slippery semitones around Fogo, burning ‘amidst an ocean full of flying fishes’. Ruth Padel (LRB, 29 November 2007) is unsure whether Fogo is Tierra del Fuego, or the volcano called Fogo off Senegal. It seems more likely to be the African volcano: difficult to imagine flying fishes around Cape Horn.

Richard McClean

Film v. Still

David Simpson believes, correctly, that he only ‘imagined … blood spurting out of the side of the man’s head’ in Eddie Adams’s iconic photograph of General Loan executing a Vietcong suspect on 1 February 1968 (LRB, 29 November 2007). What he didn’t imagine is the NBC footage that captured the entire incident on film and aired on the Huntley-Brinkley Report on 5 February. Twenty million Americans saw it, and an unedited version was shown later on a network special. In the uncut version, after the point-blank pistol shot, the victim can be seen collapsing to the ground with a spout of blood arching a foot above his temple then subsiding with intermittent surges to become a trickle. The clip was also included in the 1974 documentary, Hearts and Minds.

James Valentine
Woodland Hills, California

Unfair to Ms Bhutto

Tariq Ali’s assertion that Benazir Bhutto’s return to Pakistan was at the instance of some foreign country is insulting to the welcoming rally of nearly three million people and to the memory of the 179 people killed and nearly six hundred injured in the attack on the rally (LRB, 13 December 2007). Ms Bhutto had announced her plans to return long before General Musharraf struck at the judiciary and long before the promulgation of the National Reconciliation Ordinance admitting that the cases against her were politically motivated and not tenable. To say that Ms Bhutto saw 179 innocent people butchered to ‘demonstrate her popularity to the world’ is something that even the most biased writer should be incapable of asserting.

Nazir Dhoki
Media Office, Pakistan People’s Party, Islamabad

All being well, which it wasn’t, the last sentence of Roger Parker’s piece in the last issue would have read: ‘Divas and scholars will thus need to rejoin their battles from time to time, but at least for now the ground on which they enact the struggle looks firm.’ Our fault.

Editor, ‘London Review’

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Neko Mix Genkitan Toraji

Neko Mix Genkitan Toraji (猫mix幻奇譚とらじ)
by Tamura Yumi (田村由美)
13-volume series (ongoing)

Genre: lovely strange dark > josei > adventure fantasy mystery

Summary: The first mouse appeared on the night of a full moon over two thousand years ago. A timeless children’s song among the humans tells how it made powerful mice companions and legions of war mice. Then it declared war on all humankind. Pai’yan is one of the king’s honored seven heroes, renowned for his skill in fighting the mice. He came home after a long campaign to find his young son kidnapped by the Magic Mouse, and his son’s pet kitten Toraji transformed into a half-human cat mix. Now Pai’yan travels with Toraji, searching for any word that could lead them to the Magic Mouse and his missing son.

Get itDownload or Read Online

Support It: Purchase the original Japanese book or ebook.

neko01Volume 1
Chapters 1-5: released by Storm in Heaven

neko02Volume 2
Chapter 6: released by Storm in Heaven
Chapter 7-8: released
torajiv3Volume 3
Chapter 9-11: released
Neko_Mix_v04cover001Volume 4
Chapter 12-14: released

toraji5.jpgVolume 5
Chapter 15-17: released

Volume 6
Chapter 18-20: released

Volume 7
Chapter 21-22: released
Chapter 23 version 2: released

Volume 8
Chapter 24-26: released

Volume 9
Chapter 27-29: released

Volume 10
Chapter 30-32: released

Volume 11
Chapter 33-35: released

Volume 12
Chapter 36: released
Chapter 37: released
Chapter 38: released

Volume 13: queued to translate

Chapter 1 Sample: (Storm in Heaven release)

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5 Responses

  1. Lims says:

    Oh, my!! You are translating Neko Toraji!
    Amazing! Thank you! I am huge fan of Tamura Yumi’s works and
    am so excited to know how the story continues!
    Good luck!

    • Kalendel says:

      Yes! We’ve been planning it for a while, but just started working on it. Tsled up c7 last weekend and will do c8 this weekend =D Going to release the two together… uh, maybe 4-6 to get it through editing? =DD Glad to see more fans!!! I’m psyched now that we’ve finally started~

  2. Lyn Daniel says:

    This is my FAVORITE because it is lovely, a little strange, and a little dark, but warmly entertaining and rewarding to read. There is much growth in man and cat-mix. My only complaint is, the slowness of releases, and that is only because at my age, one month is like half a year, and there aren’t many years left. Keep Up The Good Work! Thanks Again.

  3. ZiggyLyn says:

    I’ve re-read the story three times now, but Chapter 21 is still in QC (Quality Check). It has been in QC for over a month now so QC must include cleaning, replacing Japanese text with English, and more. I can only hope that someone else joins your group to ease the load or you decide to reduce the load. I have no choice but to wait (TWO MONTHS??). I am ill and spend most of my time in bed. I hope you can release NEKO MIX GENKITAN TORAJI soon. Please take good care of yourself! Thanks so much for choosing NMGT as a project!!

  4. rikamayaz says:

    I will be cheering you all!!! Hwaiting!! I love this manga so much!

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Met with Ben yesterday. He was very helpful and professional. I lost my Aunt and I felt at peace knowing he was handling her cremation and all the little details. The price was exactly as we agreed. I highly recommend Luddy Cremation Care.

- Greta Y.

I was lost when my husband passed away suddenly. He did not have insurance. Luddy couldn’t have been kinder & easy to deal with. I had no clue what to do! They are angels to me!

- Tish D.

Working with this funeral home was a breeze! The staff was very professional and compassionate. From our first meeting to last, Queen was very helpful and kind as she helped us with our decision for a urn that we will bury when possible. With all the covid restrictions now everything is more difficult and we still were able to fulfill our mom’s wishes …thank you from the Arena and Miceli Familia.

- Vinny M.

Using Luddy’s cremation care was an absolutely fantastic experience they were so helpful and so kind especially at a time that is so difficult to go through. And I’d like to give a special thanks to Ben and Laura for making my experience so fantastic thank you.

- Jason L.

Recently needed help with a cremation. 2nd time during my lifetime I had to deal with a death. First time took years to pay off (not Luddy). I highly recommend Luddy. I talked with Eric and he was easy to work with. The forms on their website were very helpful. As far as I’m concerned, pleasant, honest people NOT trying to rip you off during sorrow. Thank you, Eric.

- Fred F.

We used Luddy Cremation Care when my father passed away recently and they made the whole experience as painless as it could be… Definitely a great, and more affordable, option if you don’t need the full services of a funeral home.

- David S.

Luddy Cremation Care Packages

We help you from the very beginning through the whole process.

Direct Cremation takes place in the days immediately following the passing and without a funeral service beforehand. If you cannot afford to use a funeral home, Luddy Cremation Care can help.

Our direct cremation package includes everything you need:

  • All cremation arrangements and preparation
  • All legal filings necessary for the State of CT
  • Transportation from the place of death
  • Medical Examiner’s fee
  • Shelter of the deceased
Contact Us

Frequently Asked Questions

All FAQs
Luddy Form Guide

Learn more about what forms are necessary to begin.

What is Direct Cremation?

Learn more about the process and what to expect throughout.

We Accept Title 19

Get more information about Title 19 Death Benefits and how we can help.