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Chronicles of Oklahoma

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Chronicles of Oklahoma
Volume 5, No. 3
September, 1927
A Bare Stone Shaft Locates Your Lot

Page 328

Where is the most important place in Oklahoma? Each person is entitled to one guess. Each guess is wrong, because the most important place in Oklahoma is not the guesser’s home or place of business. The most important place in Oklahoma is also one of the most obscure and most seldom visited, and beyond question, one of the least known spots in the state.

Gather around, mates, and let’s listen to a real bedtime story told by encyclopedists, historians, surveyors and soldiers. The most important place in Oklahoma is a point on the boundary line between Murray and Garvin counties. It is a short distance from the place known in history as Fort Arbuckle. From that point every foot of land in an immense area, including all of Oklahoma, except Texas, Cimarron and Beaver counties, is described in legal documents. The area includes Kansas and Nebraska. The highly important point is called the "initial point," suggestive of its importance. It is referred to more often than any other place in Oklahoma. Not an inch of land in the state of Oklahoma, the three Panhandle counties excepted, can be located without reference to that little known, seldom visited spot. The reference, direct or indirect, is in every deed or lease ever written to describe Oklahoma real estate, and will continue to appear, directly or indirectly, in every deed or lease, as long a, civilization, as now constituted, endures in Oklahoma.

The history of the initial point’s origin is covered with mental dust deeper than the physical obscurity that surrounds the place. Even the latter-day mapmakers have ceased to place the point on the maps. Most of the maps being made to-day are road maps, and the average road mapmaker doubtless has never heard of the comparatively few initial points on the surface of the globe. When the average property owner reads a document describing Oklahoma real estate, he is mystified by the reference to a point from which the property

Page 329

is described as being so many ranges north or south and so many townships east or west.

In 1675, England was becoming a maritime nation, and to aid the sailors, England established the royal observatory in Greenwich Park, near London. The man in charge was called the royal astronomer and it was his business to determine high noon each day. He found the time by determining the exact instant when the sun passed an imaginary line running around the world, through Greenwich. The sailors set their chronometers by the royal astronomer’s chronometer. A chronomenter is a highly accurate time-piece. Out on the seas, the sailors determined high noon by observing when the sun passed overhead. By looking at the chronometer set by Greenwich time, the sailors could tell exactly the difference. If the difference was, say, two hours, the sailors knew exactly that they were two hours away from Greenwich. The world is approximately 25,000 miles in circumference, and it makes a trip around the sun once every 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46.5 seconds. As fractions are bothersome as well as vulgar, the navigators had the good sense to drop them and call the trip around the sun a 365-day journey. Astronomers and navigators then divided the surface of the globe into 360 equal parts, 180 equal parts on each side of the imaginary line running north and south through Greenwich, England. They assumed the world to be round, which was a very practical assumption, and established another imaginary line, known as the equator; north and south of the equator, they divided the globe into 360 equal strips, 180 on each side of the equator. If the globe is 25,000 miles in circumference, each of the 360 strips contains sixty-nine and two-fifths of a mile. Each of those strips is called a degree, the strips extending east and west from the Greenwich line being called parallels of longitude and the strips extending north and south being called parallels of latitude. The navigator, by knowing that he was two degrees away from London, was able to tell exactly that he was 138 4-5 miles east or west of the Greenwich meridian. The navigator, by using the sextant and determining the sun’s angle with reference to the equator, determining definitely how far north or south of the equator he was, and the point where the two lines crossed was his definite place on the surface of the globe.

Page 330

As England became the dominating nation on the planet, other nations gradually adopted the Greenwich line as the meridian and the equator as the base line. Owners of real estate were quick to see the advantage of the scheme for describing points on the surface of the earth. As there had to be a unit of land measurement, a square mile was taken as the unit and it was found to contain 640 acres. For convenience, the square mile was called a section of land. The compilers of the table known as "surveyors’ measure" long ago decreed that six miles square of land should constitute a township.

When Thomas Jefferson was president of the United States, he undertook to set aside the land west of the Mississippi River as a permanent home for the Indians of the United States. In 1817, the area now known as North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas and Oklahoma was known as the "Indian territory," being inhabited almost entirely by Indians, many of whom had never seen a white person. In the eastern part of Oklahoma, there is a place referred to as "Three Forks." It is the confluence of the Verdigris, Grand and Arkansas rivers. A mission worker and several Indian traders located at Three Forks in 1819 to come in contact with the Osages, Cherokees, Choctaws, Caddoes and other tribes. War broke out among the Indians, the alignment being the Osages against all the other Indians. In 1824, Col. Matthew Arbuckle, with five companies of the Seventh infantry, was sent to maintain peace, and he established Fort Gibson, near what is now Muskogee, Oklahoma. As the traders, hunters and other whites pushed into the Indian country, other forts were established—Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, in 1827; Fort Coffee, Indian Territory, in 1834; Fort Washita, Indian Territory, in 1842; Fort Arbuckle, in 1851. The Cherokees were quartered in the northeastern part of Oklahoma and in 1837 they complained to the government that they could not reach the buffalo hunting grounds farther west without coming in contact with their warlike neighbors, the Osages. The federal government employed Rev. Isaac McCoy, Baptist missionary, to survey a corridor extending west from the Cherokee nation, across the northern part of what has since become known as Okla-

Page 331

homa. The actual work of surveying the corridor was done in 1837 by John McCoy, son of Reverend McCoy. That corridor has become known as the Cherokee Strip, and the surveying of the southern boundary of the strip was the first survey ever made in what is now Oklahoma. No more surveying was done until 1851-2, when the line was resurveyed. In 1857, the ninety-eighth meridian, that is, the ninety-eighth strip, called degree, west of the Greenwich, England, meridian, and the one hundredth strip, or degree, were surveyed, the ninety-eighth extending from Red River to the Canadian River, the one hundredth extending from Red River to the western end of the Cherokee Outlet. The Kansas-Oklahoma boundary line was surveyed in 1857, and two years later the one hundredth meridian was surveyed from Red River north to 36 degrees, 30 minutes, and then west to the 103d meridian. Those early surveys, however, were detached and have nothing to do with the initial point in Oklahoma

In 1866, the federal government acquired from the Indians, by treaties, a large area of land in Indian territory and prepared to subdivide it into townships and sections, foreseeing the time when the whites would settle the land. Indian territory was so remote from established base lines and meridians that the surveyors decided to establish a fictitious base line and a fictitious meridian, the meridian to be known as the Indian Meridian, from which townships would be numbered east and west; the base line to be known as the Indian base line, from which ranges would be numbered north and south. Ranges and townships are similar areas, six miles wide.

A point near Fort Arbuckle was selected as the initial point, and a line surveyed north and south from that point, and the line was named the "Indian Meridian." It is about twelve miles, two townships west of the ninety-seventh meridian west of the Greenwich meridian. The base line is about thirty-six miles north of the thirty-fourth parallel of longitude, and the intersection of those two lines is called the initial point in Oklahoma. Neither of the lines falls upon a 360th division of the globe, based upon the Greenwich meridian and the equator, for the obvious reason that the Greenwich meridian and the equator are too remote to be handily used in describing townships and similar areas in Oklahoma. The

Page 332

Indian meridian is recognized as far north as South Dakota, there being several towns named Meridian because the towns are close to the Indian Meridian.

The official description of the arbitrary point, taken from the surveyor’s, field notes is:

"Initial monument at point between two small streams both having a northerly course, making a junction about twenty chains north.
"Set sandstone 54x18x18, marked on west side I. P., on east side Ind. Mer., and on north side 1870, in a mound of stones six feet in diameter and three feet high, from which flagstaff at Fort Arbuckle bears north seven degrees, thirty-seven minutes west. East end of Messa, bears north 46 degrees, 17 minutes west. East end of Messa bears north 47 degrees, 42 minutes west. East end of Messa bears north 55 degrees, 56 minutes west. Black oak 10 inches in diameter bears north 70 degrees, 11 minutes west 617 links distant. Rock on east side of brook marked thus (111) bears south 14 degrees, 12 minutes east, 1,365 links distant. Cedar eight inches in diameter just left of rock."

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Collection Scope and Content Notes

The Robert Earl Butts Papers document Butts’ life and work as an academic in the field of scientific philosophy during the latter half of the twentieth century. Biographical materials consist of documents concerning Butts’ personal life as a son, brother, husband, father, and friend. There is particular emphasis on his early life in Pennsylvania and his education at Manheim Township High School, with a less significant amount of memorabilia relating to his later life.

The larger body of professional papers contains material concerning Butts’ active involvement in his community of academic peers. He played a leadership role in a number of national and international professional organizations and conferences, as well as writing and editing numerous publications and serving as a mentor to many of his peers and students. His papers document these and other functions that he carried out as a faculty member and philosopher.

The collection consists primarily of paper documents housed in legal-sized document boxes. Box 7 contains photographs, mostly family portraits from Butts’ early life. Box 28 contains a variety of alternative media, mainly cassette tapes and floppy disks, much of the content of which is unknown. Box 29 contains oversized documents such as diplomas and certificates. Materials are arranged either chronologically or alphabetically where possible. Untitled, undated, or miscellaneous materials are generally found at the end of the folder or file group. Additional scope and content notes are provided at the series and subseries level.

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The Boss says, "As lead software engineer, I give you the first unit of our ten thousand copy production run." Dilbert says, "Wow! I wish we'd designed it with the features listed on the box. That would have been awesome." The Boss says, "What?" Dilbert says, "I'll put this with the other reminders of how my life could have been excellent."

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At 5:55pm on December 28, 2008, Donny Olow said…
Hello Jordan !!!!

Greetings , I hope you and your Family did have a Very Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year !!!!

Wishing you Lots of Birdies and Hole-In-Ones !!!!!!!

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At 10:58am on May 9, 2008, Jamie 'gr8rocshot' Ruane said…
That's great they caught it early, Jordan. John E McCray isn't so lucky from what I hear....they treated him intially for Staph. It turned out to be Lymes. He is playing a little from what I hear. Hopefully he'll be able to manage it. Good luck with the course and keep the scores low.

At 9:30am on May 9, 2008, Jamie 'gr8rocshot' Ruane said…
HeyJordon, I'm Jamie from Fl "gr8rocshot"
Are you the local you contracted Lymes Disease?

We have a good friend down here who has it.

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We are an award winning family run self-catering accommodation business situated in the heart of Whitby, North Yorkshire.

Discovery Accommodation and Starfish Accommodation

Terms and Conditions

These terms and conditions supercede any previous versions.

Discovery Accommodation and Starfish Accommodation are trading names of G. Collinson (Construction) Limited. Head Office at Viking Lodge, Mulgrave Road, Whitby, YO21 3JS, Reception at 11 Silver Street, Whitby, North Yorkshire YO21 3BX. Registered In England No: 02627093. VAT Reg No: 162 5697 84.

The contract. The accommodation contract is between the Holiday maker and the property landlord and will be made subject to the terms and condition herein under English Law. Discovery Accommodation acts as agent. The Landlords name and address are available online within the My Account area and also within the property.

If any section or clause is found to be invalid it shall not invalidate the remaining clauses or the contract.

Third Party and Agent Bookings. Where a booking is made through a Third Party then these Terms and Conditions will take precedence over the Third Parties terms and conditions.

Bookings from Third Parties (agents) are on a fully pre-paid, non-refundable and non-transferable basis.

The leisure facilities are provided and owned by Discovery Leisure Ltd. The use of the facilities is under the Terms and conditions of Discovery Leisure Ltd, which are listed below.

Payment. Discovery Accommodation collects payment for its agency and on behalf of the landlord. These payments are seperate and itemised in the customers account and booking summary. The total payable is unaffected.

Initial/deposit payment. Bookings will be confirmed upon receipt of the correct monies. Deposit payments will only be taken where accommodation can be provided. The deposit payment will be returned in all other instances. The deposit once accepted is non-refundable.

Payment Currency. All prices are in Pounds Sterling. (GBP).

Balance payment. The balance of the holiday payment will be due 42 days prior to the commencement date. Where the Customer fails to contact us with payment the customer authorizes us to use the registered payment card. In the event that payment of the balance is not received the accommodation shall become available for booking, the deposit / initial payment will not be refundable and Discovery Accommodation or the Landlord shall not be liable for any consequential losses or costs.

Full payment. For bookings within 42 days of the holiday commencement date full payment will be due.

Confirmation of Booking. Once the booking confirmation has been issued the Holiday maker becomes responsible for the full amount of the holiday price.

Cancellation, Transfer and Refund Policy. We understand that from time to time guests may wish to cancel, change or transfer their booking. We advise all guests to protect themselves against unforeseen circumstances by taking out appropriate insurance. Payments are non-refundable and bookings are not transferable.

Rent Waiver
We offer Rent Waiver for a 30% premium to be paid a time of booking, (rent waiver option is only available at time of initial booking and cannot be added later). If you or any member of your party, whose name is on the booking form, contracts an illness or has an accident that forces you to cancel your holiday the Rent Waiver offers you some protection. Please note this does not cover pre-existing illnesses and a medical certificate will be required or other proof.
We will return your payment(s) and waive payment of the balance due if you cannot fulfil the contract due to any of the above circumstances if you pay an additional rent waiver of 30% of your accommodation rent.
The Rent Waiver is non-transferable and non refundable. If you change your cottage booking having paid a deposit to include Rent Waiver, the Rent Waiver element is non-refundable.
In the event of illness of a party coming on holiday you must notify Discovery Accommodation IN WRITING immediately.
Failure to do this will render the Rent Waiver void.
If you choose not to pay the additional rent waiver, you are strongly advised to have some form of holiday insurance to protect your position in the event that you are compelled to cancel your holiday.

Privacy. Use of customer information. Customer data is collected and used in accordance with local law. It is used soley for the purpose of processing and managing your booking. We do not sell or provide your information to any third party.

Security. G Collinson Construction is responsible for the website transaction, Your personal information including Credit Card details are entered on a secure page and transferred using SSL technology.

Party size. The property is to be occupied by no more persons than the booked party or the property limit. The Accommodation Provider reserves the right to refuse entry and or cancel the booking without refund on breach of this condition at any time during or priory to holiday.

Stag/Hen parties. Group bookings are not accepted unless by prior agreement. If agreed in advance any such booking will require additonal deposits to be made and surchrges will apply.

Both Discovery Accommodation and the Landlord. Reserve the right to refuse or revoke any booking from parties that in their opinion (and sole discretion) are unsuitable for the accommodation. In such an event there will be no refund.

Damage. Damages and breakages are the responsibility of the Holiday makers and should be reported to Discovery Accommodation All costs for damage and breakages shall be payable on demand.

The Discovery Accommodation have published on site rules regarding the use of the property i.e. non smoking etc where the Holiday maker breaches these rules the charges will be applied to the Holiday makers without further notice.

Property, goods and personal injury. The Discovery Accommodation and the Landlord accept no responsibility for any loss or damage to persons, Holiday makers their guests or their or guest's property or goods whatsoever. Personal libility for injury or loss of belongings are at the sole risk of the Holiday maker and you are to indentfy the Discovery Accommodation, G collinson (construction) ltd and the Landlord against all claims.

Left or Lost Property. Property that has been left behind will be retained for 30 days. We will forward claimed property on for a minimum fee of 5.00. should the property not be claimed within 30 days ownership of the items shall transfer to us and we shall be entitled to dispose of the property and retain proceeds of sale (if any).

Car parking. Car parking is provided by Discovery Accommodation. Spaces are for small to medium cars (4.7 x 1.7m max. Cars and contents are parked at owners risk Discovery Accommodation and the Landlord accept no liability whatsoever for any damage howsoever caused to vehicles, contents or property.

Availability. The Hiring contract is made on the basis that the property and its facilities as stated will be available for the dates booked. In the event of the accommodation being unavailable through events out of the control of Discovery Accommodation and the Landlord. In such an event Discovery Accommodation and the Landlord's liability shall be limited to the refund of the holiday cost. Where possible similar accommodation will be offered.

Quality and serviceability The accommodation is maintained and cleaned to a reasonable standard. However, property is subject to wear and tear and will require maintenace and replacement which is normal. Maintenance is ongoing, small defects are normal and no libility shall flow from such defects.

The accommodation will be available from 3pm on the day of arrival. The property shall be vacated by 10am on the departure day.

Where the customer incurs additional costs during or after their stay, they authorise us to debit their registered card, without prior notification.

The taking of photographs and videos is permitted of our facilities, properties or goods for the personal use of the guest on the basis that the Intellectual Property Rights shall be assigned, transfer and pass in full to Discovery Accommodation Ltd and the Landlord. For the purpose of clarification should the guest publish any image(s) or videos on a third party publication, web based, paper or the like we shall be entitled to charge a fee for their use and control of how they are used or displayed.

Guests who wish to write reviews, articles or comments on their stay about our services, facilities and properties or the like agree that the Intellectual Property Rights shall be assigned, transfer and pass in full to Discovery Accommodation Ltd and Landlord. For the purpose of clarification should the guest publish any comment, review, book or pamphlet in any format we shall be entitled to to charge a fee for their use and control of how they are used or displayed.

Legal fees, where we incur legal fees resolving issues with guests the guest agrees to pay our legal costs in full.

11 Silver Street Whitby YO21 3BX

The leisure facilities are for the use of Discovery and Starfish Accommodation guests only.

Costs and times are as displayed within the office. Slots may be booked through "your account" page or on arrival.

All leisure facilities are unsupervised and are used by guests at their own risk.

Please seek medical advice before using the leisure facilities.
CCTV is in constant operation.

It is mandatory for guests to shower before using the pool
All guests use the pool at their own risk, as it is unsupervised.
There must be a minimum of 2 people in the pool at all times.
An adult must accompany children under the age of 16.
The maximum number of people allowed in the pool at anyone time is 8.
Suitable clothing and footwear should be worn in the pool area at all times.
No toys in the swimming pool e.g. lilo's and inflatable.
No food or drink should be taken in the swimming pool area.
No person shall introduce or consume alcohol prior to and in the pool area.
People using the pool must not deposit any litter in the pool or changing area, but must place all rubbish in the bins provided.
No willfully or reckless behavior which may endanger your own or any other persons safety.
No running, no diving, no ducking and no bombing.
The management will not accept responsibility or liability for money, clothing or any other articles that may be lost on the premises.
Anyone not following the rules will be asked to leave the area.
The management reserves the right to refuse entry or to require a person to leave the premises.
By entering the pool you accept these terms and conditions

It is mandatory for guests to shower before using the sauna.

No children allowed under the age of 16.
No food and drink allowed.
No newspapers, magazines or paper products are permitted in the sauna.
All jewellery needs to be removed.
Please drink plenty of water before and after using the sauna.
Bathing suits must be worn.
Maximum of 3 people to use the sauna a one time.
Always shower if using the swimming pool after the sauna.
Wear, or sit on a towel to protect the wood from perspiration.
Allow a 5-minute cool down period after exiting the sauna
The management reserves the right to refuse entry or to require a person to leave the premises.

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Courtroom First: Brain Scan Used in Murder Sentencing

BrainScanHomerSimpsonAlexis Madrigal writes in Wired:

A defendant’s fMRI brain scan has been used in court for what is believed to be the first time.

Brain scan evidence that the defense claimed shows the defendant’s brain was psychopathic was allowed into the sentencing portion of a murder trial in Chicago, Science reported Monday. Brian Dugan, who had been convicted of the rape and murder of a 10-year-old, was sentenced to death, despite the fMRI scans.

“I don’t know of any other cases where fMRI was used in that context,” Stanford professor Hank Greely told Science.

While the possibility of using fMRI data in a variety of contexts, particularly lie detection, has bounced around the margins of the legal system for years, there are almost no documented cases of its actual use. In the 2005 case Roper v. Simmons, the Supreme Court allowed brain scans to be entered as evidence received at least one amicus brief based in part on brain scans showing that adolescent brains work differently than adult brains. But it’s not clear that the Court used that evidence in making its decision.

“The Court didn’t not rely on, or even mention, that evidence in support of its conclusion,” Greely wrote in an e-mail to

In any case, that’s a far cry, though, from using fMRI to establish the truth of testimony or that specific structures within an individual defendant’s brain are legally relevant.

More on Wired

, , , ,

  • Anonymous

    Psychopathy as an excuse to commit crimes? Sounds good to me.

  • tonyviner

    Psychopathy as an excuse to commit crimes? Sounds good to me.

More in Brain Scans, Crime, Law, Privacy
‘Counterinsurgency’ to Fight U.S. Crime? No, Thanks

From Wired: After the sickening murder of a 9-year-old boy in Washington, our friend Spencer Ackerman made an impassioned plea: U.S. Central Command chief General David Petraeus for D.C. metro...


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Calculate Road Distances in US
how to calculate distance between cities in US:

To find the distances between cities in US and other useful information such as average speed, driving time, the recommended breaks, fuel consumption, fuel price, type in the above fields the names of localities - FROM Chesapeake,VA TO Winter-Park,FL and then press ENTER key or click on DISTANCE button.

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Danielsson Genealogy and Family History

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Below is a list of the newest databases which contain Danielsson genealogy records. New records are regularly posted to the site and will appear on this page whenever the surname Danielsson is found. Please check back here at least monthly to see if we have posted something useful to you.

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Oord Genealogy and Family History

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Oord City Directories

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New York Obituaries - 1864 - Wm. H. Pettis, esq.

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New York Obituaries - 1864 - Wm. H. Pettis, esq.

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Suddenly, in Baltimore, on Friday morning, Oct 28, Wm. H. Pettis, esq., aged 43 years.

His remains will be taken to Cherry Valley for interment.

Source: NY Times, Saturday, Oct 29, 1864

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Back to School Kits and Sets

Hang on in there, the kids are going back to school in a little over a month. There are many gifts to buy for school children and students. Here are some great gift ideas – back to school kits.

Back to school kits and Sets

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Darice Back To School Kit Bag, Eco Friendly: Fun back to school kit includes ready to decorate magnetic mirror, photo frame and memo pad. Includes 246 Eco theme foam stickers to decorate with, plus bonus 12-inch by 16-inch carry pack. Ages 6+.

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Take the 2-minute tour ×
Home Improvement Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for contractors and serious DIYers. It's 100% free, no registration required.

We recently replaced an ancient chimney-vented boiler with a direct-vented one. This boiler was the only thing using our chimney. The chimney is brick and sits in the center of our 120-year-old house. On top, it has an old, rusted rain cap (now closer to a funnel than a cap).

The heating contractor sealed the old exhaust opening in the basement using a metal plug and concrete patching compound. (There is also a cleanout in good condition in the basement.)

What's the right thing to do to seal or cover the top? Masonry cap, cover with sheet metal, regular chimney cap, or something else?

share|improve this question

1 Answer 1

up vote 2 down vote accepted

The answer is going to depend on whether or not you intend to ever use this flue again. If it is never going to be used, I'd seal it up with a solid cap, mortared down. if you think you may need it again, then a simple rain cap with a vermin screen would be fine.

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Take the 2-minute tour ×
Home Improvement Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for contractors and serious DIYers. It's 100% free, no registration required.

Hopefully this is an appropriate place to post:

I had to use my generator today and it ran fine for about an hour but when I went outside to check on it, I noticed it was dripping gas from the carburetor! I shut it down and shut off the fuel and it looks like it is coming from a hole at the top of the carburetor. If I turn the fuel supply on, it starts dripping again. Also, the unit will not currently start.

I did drop the bowl and saw that it had gum stuff in it. Kind of strange considering I just cleaned it before the winter and had run it during the winter without issue.

At first, with the float pushed up, gas would drip down, indicating something wrong with that valve or gummed up SO, I used carb cleaner, cleaned the bowl and sprayed upward in to the carb. I also sprayed in to the hole that the gas is coming out of and let it drip down through. I moved the float back and fourth several times. Now it seems to work fine. If I let the float hang down, gas comes out to the bowl. If I push the float up, gas stops flowing.

I do not think there is gas in the float, but I am not 100% sure.

I still have the problem however- if I replace the bowl and turn on the gas, soon after gas starts leaking from the TOP of the carburetor through the hole up there.

float down, gas comes out

float up, gas stops

picture of the carb, but gas is shut off

gas is turned on, notice the gas coming from the hole at the top

This is a Generac 5500 Generator by the way and a Briggs and Stratton engine model 185432 0606E 99052149 by the way.

What do you think is wrong?

share|improve this question
Welcome to the site. We have maintenance questions for lawnmowers and other gasoline-powered gizmos, so it's on-topic IMO. There's also mechanics.stackexchange.com where it might be on-topic too (disclaimer: I don't participate there so can't say for sure). –  Niall C. Jul 16 '11 at 14:50
What's missing is a "small engines" SE site. –  Jay Bazuzi Jul 16 '11 at 19:03
@Niall: I don't think they like small engines on Mechanics. You know how mechanics can be ;) Though I do believe you would be more likely to get a good answer on Mechanics, if you could get a mechanic to read the question without closing it that is. –  Tester101 Jul 18 '11 at 1:30
It must be this model because Im having the same problem.fuel just pours out of carb five minutes after shutting engine off. –  user25025 Sep 4 '14 at 17:10

1 Answer 1

Bottom line: your float isn't doing its job. Perhaps it's cracked, and thus doesn't.... float.

As the float comes up, it's supposed to close the needle valve. And you've shown that if you manually manipulate the float, the needle valve is working. So your float isn't floating.

Time for a new float, I'd surmise.

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Key Commands

Progressive House Trance

There comes a time when creativity breaks boundaries, transcends generations and creates an entity of unstoppable passion. This is a rare phenomenon witnessed in the rare corners of the World, namely in this case the South Eastern Cape of Europe.

Andski, is a 21 year old DJ & producer from Bulgaria who has established himself as one most exciting new artists in the global sound revolution. His latest accolades include winning the prestigious “Best Trance & Progressive DJ” category at the Bulgarian DJ Awards, Beatport Top 10’s, Worldwide BBC Radio 1 play’s and props luminaries such as Gareth Emery, Markus Schulz and Paul Oakenfold to name but a few.

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The most important part of this industry however isn’t just the critical acclaim from the World’s biggest producers. It’s the committed fans, enthusiastic bedroom DJ’s, the two AM clubbers still on the dance floor waiting for that last track of the night and the radio show pilgrims – and this is the tried and tested reason why Andski has excelled so quickly in such a short space of time. Whether it’s at his residency at the DJ Mag Top 50 club Rise in the US or his “Selected” bi-monthly iTunes show his ability to engage his fans is second to none and the reason why he is where he is today.

The future looks bright for the 21-year old Bulgarian in Boston, so keep an eye on the rise of this electrifying star in the making.

Read More


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The Ultimate DJ Mixes Website

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This is a list of the sites and tools that we use to promote featured mixes, tunes, and everything else: is also an ambassador for the Trance category on Mixcloud. also got ranked number 22 in the top 100 music cloudcasters of 2011.


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“American Idol,” 3/31

Hey y’all – Sorry this is a touch late, but a pal of mine is moving this week and we threw her a going-away party last night. I didn’t get to watch “Idol” til late, and I highly doubt anyone was up at midnight when I was finally done watching “Idol,” waiting on these recaps…

Anyway, last night was contestants’ choice, so long as it was on iTunes (equal parts “can you vague that up for me?” and “let’s suck up to iTunes!”).

Anoop Desai went first, singing Usher’s “Caught Up.” Seemed totally karaoke to me.
Randy said: He picked up his swagger but it still wasn’t the best song choice.
Kara said: He played it safe and it was too close to the original.
Paula said: She loved seeing his playful side but he needs to work on his stage presence.
Simon said: It was a “complete and utter mess.” He came over as a wannabe.

Megan Corkrey sang “Turn Your Lights Down Low,” previously performed by Bob Marley and Lauryn Hill. I think the song should’ve worked, but it just didn’t.
Kara said: She may be in trouble – wrong song choice.
Paula said: Megan needs to “take us by surprise.”
Simon said: It was a boring, indulgent song choice.
Randy said: It was like watching paint dry.

Danny Gokey sang Rascal Flatt’s “What Hurts the Most.” I’m certainly not a Danny Gokey fan, and this didn’t win me over. I have no idea what the judges’ heard, but his version was the same as the original. I didn’t hear anything great about it.
Paula said: “This is where you thrive.”
Simon said: It was his best performance to date and he was so much better than the first two.
Randy said: He can really sing and he needs to move more on stage.
Kara said: He moved everyone emotionally and he gave so much of his heart and soul.

Allison Iraheta sang No Doubt’s “Don’t Speak,” and she played a guitar. I really liked this, but then I’m a huge No Doubt fan.
Randy said: She rushed the song a little, liked the guitar, but didn’t like her outfit.
Kara said: She’s a rocker so she doesn’t need to dress the part.
Paula said: She liked the guitar and her voice is as strong as singers twice her age.
Simon said: It sounded like she was trying to be a rock star and she shouted some of the song.

Scott MacIntyre sang Billy Joel’s “Just the Way You Are” while sporting Flock of Seagulls hair. The song was pretty; the hair, not so much.
Kara said: It was a smart song choice.
Paula said: She’s the most proud of him – not because of his “challenge,” but for “everything that makes me forget about that challenge.”
Simon said: His best performance so far.
Randy said: One of the best performances of the night.

Matt “Sheena’s Mama’s Favorite” Giraud sang The Fray’s “You Found Me.” I thought Matt did a good job of bringing life into such a boring, generic song.
Paula said: It was too soundalike.
Simon said: He didn’t get it and it was like he was trying to be somebody else.
Randy said: It was the wrong song choice.
Kara said: He’s talented and doesn’t deserve to go home, but he needs to define who he is as an artist.

Lil Rounds sang “I Surrender,” by Celine Dion. And, egads, I don’t know why. She can sing anything and she chose Celine Dion?
Randy said: It was the wrong song choice but she sang it well.
Kara said: We got a glimpse of what we saw in the beginning and we need to see more of that.
Paula said: She needs to have more fun.
Simon said: It was like a wedding performance.

Adam Lambert was next, performing “Play that Funky Music.” It was equal parts kinda good and kinda…well..Adam. Take that as you will.
Paula asid: “True genius does not fulfill expectations; it shatters it.” Likened him to Mick Jagger.
Simon said: It was very brave and original.
Randy said: He worked it out.
Kara said: Every week she can’t wait to see what he’ll do next.

Kris Allen finished the night singing “Ain’t No Sunshine.” Ladies and gents, rarely will I ever tell you to rush out and buy an “Idol” contestant’s version of anything, but go buy this. While nothing is as good as the migthty Bill Withers, this was really, really good. It made me hear the song in a whole new way. It was gorgeous.
Randy said: It was “so creative, so cool.”
Kara said: “That is artistry.”
Paula said: He took a 30-year-old song and made it seem new again. Best performance of the night.
Simon said: He’s finally showing some confidence and it was a very good arrangement. His best performance so far.

What say ye, Scenesters?


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Analysis: Gunn shores up strength in second year

By Jeff Amy/The Associated Press

JACKSON — Speaker Philip Gunn has emerged as a stronger figure in his second year at the helm of Mississippi House.

Last year, Gunn often seemed to be first among equals in a group of senior House Republicans. This year, he appears to be more firmly in charge. He has also managed to avoid getting permanently aligned with either Gov. Phil Bryant or Lt. Gov. Tate Reeves, maintaining freedom of action as his own man.

The third-term Clinton lawmaker, who just turned 50, did a lot of spadework to get to this point, including years’ worth of lunches and dinners with House members to cultivate them as potential allies. He’s also got a sly, self-deprecating sense of humor that can defuse tense moments in the 122-member chamber.

Mississippi speakers are noted, historically, for iron rule and long tenures. That made them so powerful that the governor today works in a white skyscraper named for a former speaker, Walter Sillers. Ultimately, House members revolted against Speaker C.B. “Buddie” Newman in 1987, changing the rules to spread out power in the chamber and decrease the speaker’s ability to banish opponents to meaningless committees.

But Gunn, the first Republican speaker since Reconstruction, still has power. One example of Gunn’s firmer hand showed last week after a presentation by state Auditor Stacey Pickering. Many Republicans on the House Appropriations Committee appeared eager to tinker with the state school funding formula — the Mississippi Adequate Education Program. But Appropriations Chairman Herb Frierson, R-Poplarville, told reporters after the meeting that Gunn had told him flatly to do nothing, even though Frierson said he’d like to change how student attendance numbers are counted.

Gunn himself had expressed the same disinterest to reporters days earlier, meaning he’d steer clear of taking on an additional big issue in a session where the education agenda is already loaded.

Education issues also show how Gunn has retained his independence from fellow Republicans Bryant and Reeves.

Gunn has made clear that Reeves’ insistence on a charter school bill that didn’t give a veto to “C” rated districts could sink the bill in the House, where support for the alternative form of public schools is weaker. There, Gunn seems to be more in tune with Bryant, who has emphasized a desire for expanding charter authority in Mississippi but has expressed flexibility on the details.

But last week, the speaker lined up with Reeves to endorse a limited form of state-funded prekindergarten programs. Gunn and Reeves endorsed a proposal that would allow local consortiums to get state money to provide classes. In doing so, they implicitly turned their backs on Bryant’s plan to provide state money to Mississippi Building Blocks, a private group that has been paying for teachers to mentor instructors in child care centers and teach some classes.

Bryant said after the announcement that the two programs weren’t mutually exclusive, but few lawmakers seem to be talking about spending state money on Building Blocks.

Gunn has also made moves to remedy one of the speaker’s key disadvantages in comparison to the governor and lieutenant governor — a lack of staff. He angered many Democrats last year when he hired Nathan Wells, a former campaign consultant and state Republican Party employee, as his chief of staff. This year, Gunn has added a group of interns. That gets him closer to matching the ability of the governor and lieutenant governor to use employees to shape and monitor legislation, and could give Gunn a stronger hand when the two bodies begin conferring on differences in bills that each has passed.

Follow Jeff Amy at


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College Board member may have violated ethics law

By The Associated Press

HATTIESBURG — The Mississippi Ethics Commission has agreed to reconsider an unfavorable opinion on whether state College Board member Dr. Doug Rouse is violating ethics laws.

The Hattiesburg American reports that the issue is whether it’s a violation for Rouse to serve on the board while his business provides medical services to the University of Southern Mississippi.

The Ethics Commission warned Rouse in July of possible ethics law violations after issuing an opinion at his request.

The Ethics Commission agreed on Friday to reconsider the unfavorable opinion. Unless the Ethics Commission reverses that opinion, Rouse said he will resign his position on the College Board.

The business, Southern Bone and Joint Specialists, has provided medical treatment to Southern Miss athletes, during Rouse’s entire tenure on the College Board.


text:
Dickie Scruggs appeals conviction in DeLaughter bribery case

By Patsy R. Brumfield / Daily Journal

NEW ORLEANS – Attorneys for former Oxford attorney Richard “Dickie” Scruggs today asked the 5th Circuit Court of Appeals to throw out his 2009 guilt plea in an alleged scheme to bribe then-Hinds Circuit Judge Bobby DeLaughter.
When Scruggs, now 66, pleaded guilty to seeking to improperly influence DeLaughter, he was serving a five-year sentence for his 2008 guilty plea to scheme to bribe Circuit Judge Henry Lackey of Calhoun City.
Both judges presided over Katrina-related legal fees lawsuits against Scruggs and others.
In today’s oral arguments hearing, Scruggs’ attorney Edward “Chip” Robertson Jr., with former Mississippi attorney general Michael Moore, insisted their client did not offer DeLaughter the required “anything of value” when he had the judge’s long-time friend and former boss, Ed Peters of Jackson, tell him Scruggs would suggest his name for a federal judgeship.
The government, represented by Robert Norman, insists the name suggestion is the thing of value.
Scruggs is free on bond while the appeal is considered. He’s completed his sentence in the Lackey affair.
The three-judge panel includes Chief Judge Charles Stewart, Judge Jerry Smith and Judge J.L. Wiener Jr.
• • •
(Below is a running account from the 5th Circuit hearing. Please forgive the typos and glitches likely as I type rapidly. Some of this is paraphrase and in no way attempts to be all inclusive of remarks and questions.)
10:35 – Robertson opens for Scruggs
ROBERTSON – Cites Skilling … criminalizes only bribery and kickback core of a (certain case). No other conduct falls within this section. I believe that most people would agree that if he had directly appealed, it would be overturned. Don’t rise to a quid pro quo bribe. Judge Davidson couldn’t find it. WE couldn’t find it … in that information. If it does, we’re wasting your time. WE believe district court was without jurisdiction to decide. Scruggs had cause not to appeal. Prejudiced by not pleading guilty.
(QUESTION – Why not raised?) Raising them unsuccessfully. Could be …. we were concerned … (Stewart – we see a lot of cases that raise lots of errors… to preserve for purposes of an appeal. Lo and behold, those who preserved it, had done so when opportunity came. How is this different from standpoint of not raising?) Your honor … if court wants to continue to invite those things, so be it. (Raising no defense is foreclosed… simply preserving for appeal. How do we differentiate with other cases that appeals are foreclosed? How do I write around it to say it’s different?) We have jurisdictional questions. Cites various cases…. two kinds of indictment defects. One is technical issue, that’s Cotton. But Peter and Rosa Ortiz say if thing charged is no crime at all … we think this falls into this category. Because this information, after Skilling, could only have stated bribe or kickback … or factual basis something like that. WE suggest that those words just aren’t there.
In district court … Davidson wrote … about non-crime. In Rosa Ortiz, is opposite of what case states. When doesn’t constitute a crime and defendant is innocent … (Wasn’t this argument rejected in Zach Scruggs case?) No, opinion was that he had committed misprision and was another crime. This is different … a 1346 violation… bribe or kickback. No a crime under the laws of the U.S.
In Peter and Rosa Ortiz, no jurisdiction in district because crime isn’t cognizable by U.S. (question) Not familiar with George. Govt says we pled honest services violations. Skilling put it on another plane. Said it was unconstitutional to be guilty of something other than bribery or kickback. If it’s not there, it’s not there. Skilling put the onus on whether information pled this case. (Judge reads George to him.) Peter would disagree and I hope you would too.
Trying to put everything under Cotton, which draws a distinction. Skilling says no other conduct falls in. Altogether different.
We also say that 1st Amendment has some implications here. Whatever you think of this conduct – it was an endorsement to become a federal district judge. Indictment says quid pro quo was secret access to judge in turn for Lott’s call. Began August 2005, almost 9 months before Lott’s call and months before opening on court. When we’re dealing with right to speak on political matters… must be careful. That something has to be very specific. Indictment doesn’t charge that. Says Secret access were in return for the phone call, but the access began six months before. We have to be very careful to make sure … that it is tied very tightly to the act. You know, people make phone calls.
You know people can’t say no to a judge for this favor. Was this a quid pro quo? Answer is no. In 1st Amendment, we have to be very careful… to say right to call a U.S> senator … must be protected … no evidence of explicit in this case.
Falls … it is different than George. Falls under Peters. We are left where Mr. Scruggs has served five years concurrent with another, potentially to be in jail for something that is not a crime.
NORMAN – 10:50 – Disagree respectfully. Skilling did not decriminalize bribery. Quid pro quo is the key to the case… because makes it a paradigmatic bribe. Takes it outside the 1st Amendment. Quid Pro quo takes it outside.
Charge itself – information does not use words quid pro quo. If I were ti draft it post Skilling, I would use those words. It predates Skilling, so does Whitfield, a 5th Circuit case which was cited with approval of Skilling. What USSC used to describe what a paradigmatic bribe is. In Whitfield… words quid pro quo not used … court says govt must prove exchange of something of value despite the official intent. Give and take. Precisely the argument counsel makes.
In this information, Mr. Scruggs in second guilty plea admitted he and legal team devised a scheme to defraud… they used the U.S. mail. Defraud includes honest services. That’s what’s alleged in the information. May only describe offense against the U.S. in language like the statute. Doesn’t use quid pro quo.
Looking at jurisdictional objections, I don’t now where Peters and Meacham stand after Skilling. But is clear they deal with offenses that aren’t violations of federal law. But Cotton, USSC says an indictment or information may not be artful … but if it conveys the violation of law, jurisdiction remains. That’s what defendant defaulted when he didn’t appeal directly.
After that, he tried actual innocence. Skilling didn’t change the law… simply drew it into its core offenses to bribes and kickbacks. Not a sea=change in the law. Any defects … fall within Cotton. Those who believe Bousley is unfair. Cites another precedent… defendant defaulted but wanted to pursue by habeas. Our district court judge held two-day hearing … he took into account other guilty pleas (Langston, Patterson) to prove actual innocence. He found defendant totally failed. He also found Patterson not credible and Langston not credible.
Quid pro quo is critical. Takes many forms. Powerful testimony – Tim Balducci, spring 2006… conversation at the airport when Peters complained that DeLaugher had kept his end of the bargain and that Dickie Scruggs had not kept his end. Judge didn’t get an open seat. Shortly after, DeLaughter got the call from Lott. He said never indicated he was under consideration, just a courtesy, he didn’t tell DeL he was just joking because DeL wrote a letter next day to the senator, thanking him and gushing about how honored he was to be considered, etc. Created in mind of DeL exactly what defense wanted… made him feel it was his last best chance to become a federal judge. He was willing to sell his soul to get it. He did. He was a distinguished jurist and prosecutor. He sold his soul in his quest to become a federal judge.
He granted secret access to the court… via Peters… but entered rulings shading findings of fact to give Scruggs what he wanted. What they wanted in quantification order … when filed, Team Scruggs felt it was objectionable. Asked court to set the value. But then realized it might be an opportunity. Had to know which way judge would go. That’s when they hired Peters with reverse contingency plan. … most of us don’t get that opportunity.
Peters told them they should embrace it, then he provided last page showing zero additional funds owed to Mr. Wilson. Also knocked out punitive damages. It was a done deal. Wilson didn’t know he had been had. They embraced it and it saved Scruggs millions and millions of dollars. Wilson never knew what hit him.
That is what we’re trying to prevent (HEAVY SIGH) Long, arduous case. Goes to the heart of what we do for a living. Submit that charge before the court, even if not artful, jurisdiction vested in the court per Whitfield and Cotton… defendant failed to prove his actual innocence. Pled guilty to a scheme to defraud a sitting judge. trying to escape that liability with Skilling, but it did not change honest services fraud statute, only pared it down to core offense – this is one of them. It was set forth in the information with enough particularity …. 11:05.
ROBERTSON – Respectfully disagree. It was a sea-change. Skilling says it uniformly changes the statute. It was an ethical violation. But at no point did he say where in the information or factual basis it was “quid pro quo.” Peters says this: If everything in the information is proven, is it a crime? No, because of Skilling – there’s no crime. Doesn’t criminalize that. Norman asking 5th Circuit law that we don’t have to say in honest services what the violation is. He says not he would do it differently now. An Admission isn’t not there in 2006. Suggest it was a sea-change. It is not a crime. Difference between this and Cotton.
It is an ethical violation. This is the best one you’ll ever see. Absent interchange of money … in a political endorsement … says quid given 6 months before the pro, if you give it away free, you can’t do it later. At heart – is not what we do for a living. It’s more important. Core concept of liberty – people are charged with crimes passed by Congress and courts recognize. Not allow prosecutors to throw you in jail by saying you’ve committed a crime.
Absent a bribe or kickback, there is no crime. First thing 2255 says. 11:10


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Weekend in Review; the Week Ahead

It was a busy, eventful weekend for Mississippi State’s athletes, so let’s review the highlights and lowlights before looking at what’s ahead.

• The baseball team dropped two of three at No. 12 South Carolina, falling 14-2 in Sunday’s finale. To win one game in Columbia – an 8-7 decision on Saturday – is about all you could’ve hoped for with this young group. Coach John Cohen had to be encouraged with how freshman hurler Chris Stratton bounced back from his poor showing the previous weekend versus Georgia. In the Saturday win against SC, Stratton allowed three runs on eight hits, walked five and struck out two in five innings. OK, not spectacular, but not bad either.

It was certainly better than the Bulldogs’ other starting pitchers. Freshman Kendall Graveman didn’t even make it out of the first inning of Friday’s 10-2 loss, and Tyler Whitney gave up five runs in 2.1 innings on Sunday.

• Spring football has hit the halfway point, and it seems the defense is looking good. Kinda hard to say, of course, just how good anyone is in spring going up against themselves. But the D won Saturday’s first full-scale scrimmage despite a handful of big plays by the offense.

I know what you’re thinking: Who’s winning the QB battle? Too soon to tell. Chris Relf has been inconsistent in his throwing – par for the course – while Russell still looks like a freshman at times, although it’s clear he’s got the tools. We’ll watch that situation closely over the final two weeks of practice. Same with running back.

• MSU’s track and field team showed out at the Texas Relays in Austin, especially the sprinters. A 25-year-old school record in the 4×200-meter relay was broken: O’Neal Wilder, Dwight Mullings, Kendall May and freshman Tavaris Tate ran it in 1:21.09 to finish second. Also making the podium was the men’s 4×400 relay squad, which finished second, and Emanuel Mayers, who took third in the 400-meter hurdles.

Jarvis Varnado now owns five defensive player of the year awards – from this year alone. No. 5 came last night, when the National Association of Basketball Coaches handed him their top defender award in Indianapolis. Varnado, a 6-foot-9 senior and the NCAA’s all-time leading shot blocker, has also won such honors from the SEC, the Sporting News, Rivals.com and CollegeInsider.com.

• Baseball returns to action Tuesday against Jackson State (6:30 p.m.). I’ll try talking with Cohen today to get his thoughts on the past weekend. This coming weekend, the Bulldogs (15-13, 3-6 SEC) return home to take on Arkansas (22-6, 6-3) in a three-game set.

• The football team resumes spring drills Tuesday at 3:45 p.m. It’ll be the eighth of 15 practices, the final one, of course, being the Maroon-White spring game on April 17. Now that I’ve got wheels, I’ll be able to make it to a lot more practices and provide y’all with better coverage. For what it’s worth, my recovery is going swimmingly, and I thank all of you again for your thoughts, prayers and patience.

• Varnado can pick up some more hardware on Thursday, when the Howell Award will be handed out in Jackson. He won it last year, and he’s battling Chris Warren of Ole Miss and Jackson State’s Garrison Johnson.

The winner of last year’s Gillom Trophy is also from MSU, Alexis Rack, and she’s up for it again. Her competition is Bianco Thomas of Ole Miss and Pauline Love of Southern Miss. It all takes place at the Mississippi Hall of Fame and Museum. For tickets, call 1-800-280-3263.


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Click Here

Welcome to DJ's Guns

Please overlook the work in process and proceed to Items to shop. As with all the wholesalers, inventory has been depleted of many items, but call me and I will quote you delivery and price. If you would like to be on my specials email, email me and give me your email addy and your phone number if you would like a return call. I promise not to spam you and no one else will ever see your email address.

If you are looking for something special, call me and let me know. My vendors call me daily with items that just hit their dock such as AR's, AK's, PS90's and FN 5x7 Pistols, one of the hottest selling guns on the market. I usually discount for people who call. Thank you for visiting my site. Please visit my other site at for a complete listing of other guns, sales, and specials, and for credit card purchases. It is still under construction at this time.

Feel Free to Get in Touch:

(972) 276-2473 Bus
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Kimber Rimfire Target

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This Kimber was converted from a 17 caliber to a 22LR by the factory. It is unshot since being converted and has a new slide and barrel. It is in n...

Beretta 391 Teknys

Beretta 391 Teknys 12 Ga. Extra chokes. Skeet/Sporting clays gun. Very low recoil. AA258202 ...

Ruger New Model Blackhawk 357 Mag

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Google Talk with Video Calls?

Google TalkI read at the Swedish IT website that the Nokia N800 internet tablet comes with a version of Google Talk that supports video calls. Is this really true? Then why isn’t it available in the Windows client? And why hasn’t Google Talk been released for PC Linux when it’s obviously available for internet tablet Linux?

Speaking of Google Talk, when are they planning on making significant progress? It was released 18 months ago and still, it’s not possible to e.g. call Google Talk contacts from Gizmo Project, another SIP compliant VoIP client. What’s the point of being standards compliant if it’s not possible for other clients to communicate on the same terms?

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Thursday, March 1, 2012

DMOutdoors 2012 Progress Update

Well, two months of 2012 have come and gone just like that, and just as we're waiting for winter to start, I'm already thinking of and looking forward to the summer and some planned adventures for making my 2012 plans a success. This post is an early follow-up to my post titled What's Next For DMOutdoors in 2012?

Since January 1st, I've climbed 18 New Hampshire 4000-footers (winter), 15 of them in February. All of those 18 peaks, have been a 48x12 grid hike, and I have increased my completion percentage to just over 18%. Included in those numbers is a solo winter Presidential Traverse. Within a month or two, I should complete my second round of the NH 48, which will certainly be exciting. You can check out all of my individual peak lists on my "Peak List" page.

Once that is completed, I will shift focus to the New England 4000 footers list. I am estimating that it may take a minimum of 10 hikes this summer to complete Maine and VT. That's a lot of driving and possibly car camping, but I expect that I will take certain available weekends, and simply hike until the weekend is over. I have never hiked in VT, so that will be fun. One thing I am most definitely looking forward to is hiking Katahdin, including Knife's Edge. To bag all of the Katahdin peaks in a weekend, an overnight or two in Baxter will be in order.

For Mt. Whitney, (and I'm not getting my hopes up), the lottery results will be posted online March 26th, which is about a month away. If I am accepted, the rest of my planning goes into full swing, and I am considering sharing everything related to this trip, such as my planning, pack list creation, and general thoughts and discussion with readers that may be helpful to me.

Plans are already in the works for another camping and kayak trip to Deboullie Pond, Maine this summer. This place is one of the most beautiful and remote places I have ever been. Because of so much hiking last year, we didn't get back up there for a 2011 trip. There is nothing quite like kayaking across a glacial lake over 100 feet deep and then camping for 4 nights more than 40 miles away from the nearest paved road, and possibly even more to the nearest hospital.
Twilight on Gardner Pond, ME - 2009
This photo is currently the background on my desktop computer in my office. Its a National Geographic photo of Mt. Whitney in the month of June. If you want to accomplish something, remind yourself every day.

That is it for now! Good luck to anyone else working on 2012 goals, and I would love to hear if any of you have outdoor goals for this year.

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ActiveState Docs

Komodo 6.0 Documentation

Publishing Komodo IDE only

Publishing synchronizes groups of files between local and remote systems over FTP, SFTP, FTPS or SCP. You can upload a group of files from your local system or download a group from the remote system and keep the synchronized. Local changes are pushed to the remote server, and remote changes are pulled to the local system.

Komodo keeps track of the synchronization details to avoid copying files that haven't changed and uses advanced conflict detection to avoid overwriting changes made by others.

You can use Publishing for deploying websites to the hosting web server, or use it with remote storage as a simple backup utility.

Creating a Configuration

To launch the Publishing configuration wizard, click Tools|Publishing|New Configuration. You will be prompted to set up:

  • Name: A convenient name for your saved configuration.
  • Local path: The full path to the local directory. Use the Browse button or enter the path manually.
  • Remote path: The URI of the remote directory, including the hostname and full path. Use the Browse button to navigate to a previously configured server, or enter the URI manually (e.g. scp://username@servername/path/to/dir)
  • Includes: File types to be included in the synchronization. Use glob syntax separated by semi-colons (e.g. "*.html;*.xml") or leave blank.
  • Excludes: File types to be excluded from the synchronization. Same syntax as above. If you use both, the Excludes list takes priority if there are conflicts.

Clicking "Save" opens the Synchronization dialog box and shows the details of the pending synchronization.

The Synchronization dialog box shows:

  • which local files will be uploaded to the server
  • which remote files will be downloaded from the server
  • which files cannot be synchronized because of a conflict
Synchronization dialog box

The following actions are available:

  • Check All: selects all items in the list.
  • Uncheck All: de-selects all items in the list.
  • Diff Changes: shows a unified diff of all pending changes (selected files).
  • Synchronize: starts the pending uploads and downloads.

When synchronizing, Komodo will examine the local and remote locations for any file differences and present the changes for your inspection. Check the files you wish to be transferred (or use Check All). Clicking Synchronize will copy the files between the local and remote file systems. The synchronization be aborted at any time by pressing the Stop button.

If a file has been modified locally and remotely, the conflict will be highlighted in the file list. Right click on any file in the file list to bring up a context menu with the following options:

  • Diff: Show the line-by-line differences between the files.
  • Resolve conflict: Lets you choose one file or the other - Upload the local file or Download the remote file.


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2.10 Changes in MySQL Cluster NDB 7.1.26 (5.1.67-ndb-7.1.26) (2013-01-25)

MySQL Cluster NDB 7.1.26 is a new release of MySQL Cluster, incorporating new features in the NDB storage engine and fixing recently discovered bugs in previous MySQL Cluster NDB 7.1 releases.

Obtaining MySQL Cluster NDB 7.1.  The latest MySQL Cluster NDB 7.1 binaries for supported platforms can be obtained from http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/cluster/. Source code for the latest MySQL Cluster NDB 7.1 release can be obtained from the same location. You can also access the MySQL Cluster NDB 7.1 development source tree at https://code.launchpad.net/~mysql/mysql-server/mysql-cluster-7.1.

This release also incorporates all bugfixes and changes made in previous MySQL Cluster releases, as well as all bugfixes and feature changes which were added in mainline MySQL 5.1 through MySQL 5.1.67 (see Changes in MySQL 5.1.67 (2012-12-21)).

Functionality Added or Changed

Bugs Fixed


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Sun Studio 12 Update 1: Fortran User's Guide

3.4.107 -xaddr32[={yes|no}]

(x86/x64 only) The -xaddr32=yes compilation flag restricts the resulting executable or shared object to a 32-bit address space.

An executable that is compiled in this manner results in the creation of a process that is restricted to a 32-bit address space. When -xaddr32=no is specified a usual 64 bit binary is produced. If the -xaddr32 option is not specified, -xaddr32=no is assumed. If only -xaddr32 is specified -xaddr32=yes is assumed.

This option is only applicable to -m64 compilations and only on Solaris platforms supporting SF1_SUNW_ADDR32 software capability. Since Linux kernel does not support address space limitation this option is not available on Linux. The -xaddr32 option is ignored on Linux.

When linking, if a single object file was compiled with -xaddr32=yes the whole output file is assumed to be compiled with -xaddr32=yes. A shared object that is restricted to a 32-bit address space must be loaded by a process that executes within a restricted 32-bit mode address space. For more information refer to the SF1_SUNW_ADDR32 software capabilities definition, described in the Linker and Libraries Guide.


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Sun Identity Manager Deployment Reference

Checking Expression Syntax with lh Command

ProcedureTo Check the Syntax of an Expression

  1. Confirm that you have %WSHOME%\bin in your PATH environment variable. (For information on changing environment variables to work with Identity Manager, see the section of Installation Guide that describes using command-line tools.)

    If %WSHOME%\bin is not in your path, then you must change to %WSHOME%\bin before you can run the tools.

  2. From the command line, enter lh xmlparse <xpress_file> where xpress_file represents the name of the file that contains the XML you want to test. This command parses the file for XML correctness and displays error messages in the console.

    Note –

    Consider putting %WSHOME%\bin in your PATH environment variable. This will permit you to use whichever directory you are currently in as your working directory. This will also allow you to run the Identity Manager lh command from any current working directory.


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Sun Cluster 3.0-3.1 Hardware Administration Manual for Solaris OS

Installing Public Network Hardware

This section covers installing cluster hardware during an initial cluster installation, before Sun Cluster software is installed.

Physically installing public network adapters to a node in a cluster is no different from adding public network adapters in a noncluster environment.

For the procedure about how to add public network adapters, see the documentation that shipped with your nodes and public network adapters.

Where to Go From Here

Install the cluster software and configure the public network hardware after you have installed all other hardware. To review the task map about how to install cluster hardware, see Installing Sun Cluster Hardware.

If your network uses jumbo frames, review the requirements in Requirements When Using Jumbo Frames and see the Sun GigaSwift documentation for information about how to configure jumbo frames.


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The finally Block
Trail: Essential Classes
Lesson: Exceptions
Section: Catching and Handling Exceptions

The finally Block

The finally block always executes when the try block exits. This ensures that the finally block is executed even if an unexpected exception occurs. But finally is useful for more than just exception handling — it allows the programmer to avoid having cleanup code accidentally bypassed by a return, continue, or break. Putting cleanup code in a finally block is always a good practice, even when no exceptions are anticipated.

Note: If the JVM exits while the try or catch code is being executed, then the finally block may not execute. Likewise, if the thread executing the try or catch code is interrupted or killed, the finally block may not execute even though the application as a whole continues.

The try block of the writeList method that you've been working with here opens a PrintWriter. The program should close that stream before exiting the writeList method. This poses a somewhat complicated problem because writeList's try block can exit in one of three ways.

  1. The new FileWriter statement fails and throws an IOException.
  2. The list.get(i) statement fails and throws an IndexOutOfBoundsException.
  3. Everything succeeds and the try block exits normally.

The runtime system always executes the statements within the finally block regardless of what happens within the try block. So it's the perfect place to perform cleanup.

The following finally block for the writeList method cleans up and then closes the PrintWriter.

finally {
    if (out != null) {
        System.out.println("Closing PrintWriter");
    } else {
        System.out.println("PrintWriter not open");

Important: The finally block is a key tool for preventing resource leaks. When closing a file or otherwise recovering resources, place the code in a finally block to ensure that resource is always recovered.

Consider using the try-with-resources statement in these situations, which automatically releases system resources when no longer needed. The The try-with-resources Statement section has more information.

Previous page: The catch Blocks
Next page: The try-with-resources Statement


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Documenting the American South Logo
Collections >> Library of Southern Literature, The North Carolina Experience >> Document Menu >> Summary

William Byrd, 1674-1744 and Edmund Ruffin, 1794-1865
The Westover Manuscripts: Containing the History of the Dividing Line Betwixt Virginia and North Carolina; A Journey to the Land of Eden, A.D. 1733; and A Progress to the Mines. Written from 1728 to 1736, and Now First Published
Petersburg, VA: Printed by Edmund and Julius C. Ruffin, 1841.

William Byrd II was born March 28, 1674, in Charles City County, Virginia, to William Byrd, Sr., a planter and trader, and Mary Horsmanden Filmer. Byrd's father, prompted by a letter from his wealthy uncle, Thomas Stegge, had emigrated from London at the age of eighteen, becoming heir to his uncle's Virginia plantation. When he was seven, William II was sent to England, where he lived with his maternal uncle and attended the Felsted Grammar School in Essex. After completing a classical education, his father wanted him to study business and trade under merchants in Rotterdam, Holland. But following a brief, unhappy stay there in 1690, Byrd persuaded his father to apprentice him to a London mercantile firm before entering London's Middle Temple in 1692. There he studied law and formed several important alliances with men such as Sir Robert Southwell, president of the Royal Society, and Charles Boyle, an English nobleman. Thanks to Southwell's influence, Byrd was elected a Royal Society fellow in April 1696, and the following year he was chosen to its council.

Backed by the power, wealth, and prestige of his inherited positions (he was a British aristocrat and a Virginia gentleman), William Byrd enjoyed a good deal of social and political influence in Britain and the Colonies. Having become a licensed attorney in April 1695, Byrd returned to Virginia the following year and was promptly elected to the House of Burgesses. Somewhat less successful in his romantic pursuits, perhaps due to his many debaucheries, Byrd eventually married Lucy Parke, daughter of Leeward Islands governor Colonel Daniel Parke, in 1706. After his father-in-law's murder in 1710, Byrd, who had already inherited his father's plantation in 1705, agreed to assume the Parke family debts in exchange for acquiring the family's extensive Virginia land holdings. However, the amount due was much larger than Byrd anticipated, and the debts plagued him the remainder of his life.

Over the course of his lifetime, Byrd resided in England on five separate occasions, spending at least thirty years there. In 1715 he returned to London, where his first wife succumbed to smallpox the next year. While in England, Byrd was a spokesman for the Virginia Council before the Board of Trade, challenging Virginia Governor Alexander Spotswood's policies that had diminished the council's authority as the General Court. To avoid dismissal as a councilman, Byrd returned briefly to Virginia, reconciling with the governor at the Board of Trade's behest. Traveling back to England in fall 1721, Byrd began the protracted process of finding a new wife. Following his unsuccessful attempts to court at least three wealthy British heiresses, he finally married Maria Taylor in 1724. Two years later, he moved permanently to Virginia, where he experimented with growing different tobacco strains and resumed his seat in the council. Though he failed in his bid for governor, Byrd did become a member of the joint commission to survey the Virginia-North Carolina boundary line in 1728. Upon his August 26, 1744, death at his Westover estate, William Byrd—amateur physician, self-trained naturalist, and colorful statesman—left behind a considerable legacy: one of the finest private libraries, with over 3,600 volumes; extensive landholdings totaling 179,400 acres; and a literary corpus detailing plantation life in colonial Virginia.

Drawing on experiences from his travels west from the Atlantic coast, through the Dismal Swamp, and to the Roanoke River, Byrd penned four narratives recounting his experiences, describing the area's flora and fauna, and comically depicting backwoods life. Although the texts circulated widely among his friends in manuscript form, only in 1841 were they published by Edwin and Julian C. Ruffin under the title The Westover Manuscripts: Containing the History of the Dividing Line Betwixt Virginia and North Carolina; A Journey to the Land of Eden, A. D. 1733; and A Progress to the Mines. Written from 1728 to 1736, and Now First Published. Whereas his Secret History of the Dividing Line (published much later in 1929) included satirical portraits of various expedition participants along with several sexual exploits, The History of the Dividing Line was a longer, more public, and somewhat tamer document. Briefly touching on Virginia's colonial history, Byrd's recorded journal begins February 1728. Throughout the narrative, he offers astute observations on the region, the animal and plant life inhabiting this territory, as well as the native people he meets. Moving from the Dismal Swamp into Nottoway Indian country, he also gathers ethnological data, primarily from the guide and hunter Ned Bearskin. Ending the second expedition "within the shadow of the Chariky mountains," Byrd, having summarily discharged his duties and fulfilled the king's commission, closes his narrative with the declaration that his group has established the "true boundary betwixt the governments of Virginia and North Carolina."

In addition, the collected manuscripts compile records naming the commissioners who directed the running of the Virginia-North Carolina line, a list of the men Virginia employed during the first and second expeditions, as well as a report itemizing various expedition expenses. The Appendix offers historical documents detailing the dispute between these two colonies. Among them are an excerpt from King Charles II's Second Charter to the Carolinians as well as accompanying documents authored by Edward Southwell, Charles Eden, Governor Spotswood, William Gooch, Richard Everard, William Byrd, and others. Byrd's A Journey to the Land of Eden, dated September 11-October 16, 1733, relates the inspection tour of his Dan River land holdings. Briefly noting Byrd's founding of the Virginia cities Richmond and Petersburg, this account includes a diagram and survey of his North Carolina acreage. Similarly organized as a compilation of journal entries, the final text, On Progress to the Mines (dated September 18-October 9, 1732), closes with Byrd's visit to Spotswood's plantation and his investigation into Fredericksburg's iron mining. Clearly written for a London audience sharing his aristocratic notions of civilized behavior and refinement, Byrd frequently mocks those he encountered, particularly North Carolinians, who he felt had an "aversion to labor" and a "disposition to laziness." (p. 28 Thus as some critics have suggested, The History of the Dividing Line perhaps functioned as propaganda on behalf of colonial Virginia.

Works Consulted: Bain, Robert and Joseph M. Flora, eds., Fifty Southern Writers Before 1900: A Bio-Bibliographical Sourcebook, New York: Greenwood Press, 1987; Bain, Robert, Joseph M. Flora, Louis D. Rubin, Jr., eds., Southern Writers: A Biographical Dictionary, Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1979; Elliott, Emory, ed., Dictionary of Literary Biography, Volume 24: American Colonial Writers, 1606-1734, Detroit, Michigan: Gale Research Company, 1978; Garraty, John A. and Mark C. Carnes, eds., American National Biography, New York: Oxford University Press, 1999; Knight, Lucian Lamar, comp., Biographical Dictionary of Southern Authors, Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1978.

Mary Alice Kirkpatrick

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Dr. Caroline Cromwell graduated from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in 2001. She works in New Haven, CT and specializes in Hematology. Dr. Cromwell is affiliated with Yale New Haven Hospital.

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Dr. Kamran A. Chaudhary graduated from the University of Missouri, Kansas City School of Medicine in 1999. He works in Lombard, IL and 1 other location and specializes in Rheumatology. Dr. Chaudhary is affiliated with Advocate Good Samaritan Hospital, Alexian Brothers Behavioral Health Hospital, Alexian Brothers Medical Center, Central Dupage Hospital, Northwest Community Hospital and Saint View More

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Dr. Limage's Experience

Years in Practice: 25

Dr. Limage's Specialties

Dr. Limage's Education & Training

Medical School: Univ D'etat D'haiti, Esc De Med Et De Pharmacie, Port Au Prince, Haiti; Graduated 1990

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Dr. Limage's Office Information & Appointments

Office Locations

New York Methodist Medical Associates Multi Specialty

1910 Nostrand Ave
Brooklyn, NY 11226
(718) 284-4440

Office Hours and Information

Fax: (718) 284-7197

Practice Website: Not Available

Accepting New Patients: Yes

Medicare Accepted: Yes

Medicaid Accepted: Yes

Monday 9:00 AM - 5:00 PM
Tuesday 9:00 AM - 5:00 PM
Wednesday 9:00 AM - 5:00 PM
Thursday 9:00 AM - 5:00 PM
Friday 9:00 AM - 5:00 PM
Saturday Closed
Sunday Closed

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