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Wikipedia is an online free content encyclopedia project helping create a world in which everyone can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. It is supported by the Wikimedia Foundation and based on a model of freely editable content. The name "Wikipedia" is a blending of the words wiki (a technology for creating collaborative websites, from the Hawaiian word wiki, meaning "quick") and encyclopedia. Wikipedia's articles provide links designed to guide the user to related pages with additional information.

Wikipedia is written collaboratively by largely anonymous volunteers. Anyone with Internet access can write and make changes to Wikipedia articles, except in limited cases where editing is restricted to prevent further disruption or vandalism.

Since its creation on January 15, 2001, Wikipedia has grown into the world's largest reference website, attracting 1.8 billion unique-device visitors monthly as of August 2021. It currently has more than fifty-seven million articles in more than 300 languages, including 6,383,749 articles in English with 125,824 active contributors in the past month.

The fundamental principles by which Wikipedia operates are the five pillars. The Wikipedia community has developed many policies and guidelines to improve the encyclopedia; however, it is not a requirement to be familiar with them before contributing.

Anyone is allowed to add or edit words, references, images, and other media here. What is contributed is more important than who contributes it. To remain, the content must be free of copyright restrictions and contentious material about living people. It must fit within Wikipedia's policies, including being verifiable against a published reliable source. Editors' opinions and beliefs and unreviewed research will not remain. Contributions cannot damage Wikipedia because the software allows easy reversal of mistakes, and many experienced editors are watching to ensure that edits are improvements. Begin by simply clicking the Edit button at the top of any editable page!

Wikipedia is a live collaboration differing from paper-based reference sources in important ways. It is continually created and updated, with articles on new events appearing within minutes, rather than months or years. Because everybody can help improve it, Wikipedia has become more comprehensive than any other encyclopedia. Besides quantity, its contributors work on improving quality, removing or repairing misinformation, and other errors. Over time, articles tend to become more comprehensive and balanced. However, because anyone can click "edit" at any time and add content, any article may contain undetected misinformation, errors, or vandalism. Readers who are aware of this can obtain valid information, avoid recently added misinformation (see Wikipedia:Researching with Wikipedia), and fix the article.

About Wikipedia

The English edition of Wikipedia has grown to 6,383,749 articles, equivalent to around 3,000 print volumes of the Encyclopædia Britannica. Including all language editions, Wikipedia has 57,289,215 articles, equivalent to around 21,500 print volumes.[1]

Wikipedia was founded as an offshoot of Nupedia, a now-abandoned project to produce a free encyclopedia, begun by the online media company Bomis. Nupedia had an elaborate system of peer review and required highly qualified contributors, but articles' writing was slow. During 2000, Jimmy Wales (founder of Nupedia and co-founder of Bomis), and Larry Sanger, whom Wales had employed to work on the encyclopedia project, discussed ways of supplementing Nupedia with a more open, complementary project. Multiple sources suggested that a wiki might allow public members to contribute material, and Nupedia's first wiki went online on January 10, 2001.

There was considerable resistance on the part of Nupedia's editors and reviewers to the idea of associating Nupedia with a website in the Wiki format, so Sanger gave the new project the name "Wikipedia" and it was launched on its own domain,, on January 15 (now called "Wikipedia Day" by some users). The bandwidth and server (in San Diego) were donated by Wales. Other current and past Bomis employees who have worked on the project include Tim Shell, one of the cofounders of Bomis and its current CEO, and programmer Jason Richey.

In May 2001, a large number of non-English Wikipedias were launched—in Catalan, Chinese, Dutch, Esperanto, French, German, Hebrew, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, and Swedish. These were soon joined by Arabic and Hungarian. In September,[2] Polish was added, and further commitment to the multilingual provision of Wikipedia was made. At the end of the year, Afrikaans, Norwegian, and Serbo-Croatian versions were announced.

The domain was eventually changed to the present when the Wikimedia Foundation was launched, in 2003, as its new parent organization with the ".org" top-level domain denoting its not-for-profit nature. Today, there are Wikipedias in more than 300 languages.

Anyone with Web access can edit Wikipedia, and this openness encourages the inclusion of a tremendous amount of content. About 130,000 editors—from expert scholars to casual readers—regularly edit Wikipedia. These experienced editors often help to create a consistent style throughout the encyclopedia, following our Manual of Style. Experienced or not, contributors are also called "editors" or "Wikipedians".

Several mechanisms are in place to help Wikipedia members carry out the important work of crafting a high-quality resource while maintaining civility. Editors can watch pages, and technically skilled persons can write editing programs to track or rectify bad edits. Where there are disagreements on how to display facts, editors often work together to compile an article that fairly represents current expert opinion on the subject. Aspiring authors may wish to read the information on Contributing to Wikipedia before contributing to the project.

Although the Wikimedia Foundation owns the site, it is largely uninvolved in writing and daily operations.

Trademarks and copyrights

"Wikipedia" is a registered trademark of the not-for-profit Wikimedia Foundation, which has created a family of free-content projects that are built by user contributions.

Most of Wikipedia's text and many of its images are dual-licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Unported License (CC-BY-SA) and the GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) (unversioned, with no invariant sections, front-cover texts, or back-cover texts). Some text has been imported only under CC-BY-SA and CC-BY-SA-compatible license and cannot be reused under GFDL; such text is identified either on the page footer, in the page history, or on the discussion page of the article that utilizes the text. Every image has a description page that indicates the license under which it is released or, if it is non-free, the rationale under which it is used.

Contributions remain their creators' property, while the CC-BY-SA and GFDL licenses ensure the content is freely distributable and reproducible. (See content disclaimer for more information.)

Text on Wikipedia is a collaborative work, and the efforts of individual contributors to a page are recorded in that page's history, which is publicly viewable. Information on the authorship of images and other media, such as sound files, can be found by clicking on the image itself or the nearby information icon to display the file page, which includes the author and source, where appropriate, along with other information.

Many visitors come to Wikipedia to acquire knowledge, while others come to share knowledge. At this very instant, dozens of articles are being improved, and new articles are also being created. Changes can be viewed at the Recent changes page and a random page at random articles. 5,996 articles have been designated by the Wikipedia community as featured articles, exemplifying the best articles in the encyclopedia. Another 35,106 articles are designated as good articles. Some information on Wikipedia is organized into lists; the best of these are designated as featured lists. Wikipedia also has portals, which organize content around topic areas. Articles can be found using the search box on the screen's top-right side or, if using the Monobook skin, a bit lower along the left-hand side.

Wikipedia is available in languages other than English. Wikipedia has more than 300 languages, including a Simple English version, and related projects include a dictionary, quotations, books, manuals, scientific reference sources, a travel guide, a data repository, and a news service (see sister projects). All these are maintained, updated, and managed by separate communities and often include information and articles that can be hard to find through other common sources.

Basic navigation

Wikipedia articles are all cross-referenced. Highlighted text like this means "click here" for in-depth information. (Hovering is probably deep enough.) There are other links towards the ends of most articles, for other articles of interest, relevant external websites and pages, reference material, navigational templates, and organized categories of knowledge which can be searched and traversed in a loose hierarchy for more information. Some articles may also have links to dictionary definitions, audio-book readings, quotations, the same article in other languages, and further information on our sister projects. Additional links can be easily made if a relevant link is missing—this is one simple way to contribute.

What's a love dart? Wikipedia can help you find out! (2:13 min)

As wiki documents, articles are never considered complete and may be continually edited and improved. Over time, this generally results in an upward trend of quality and a growing consensus over a neutral representation of information.

Users should be aware that not all articles are of encyclopedic quality from the start: they may contain false or debatable information. Indeed, many articles start their lives as displaying a single viewpoint; and, after a long process of discussion, debate, and argumentation, they gradually take on a neutral point of view reached through consensus. For a while, others may become caught up in a heavily unbalanced viewpoint that can take some time—months or years perhaps—to achieve better-balanced coverage of their subject. In part, this is because editors often contribute content in which they have a particular interest and do not attempt to make each article they edit comprehensive. However, additional editors eventually expand and contribute to articles and strive to achieve balance and comprehensive coverage. Also, Wikipedia operates several internal resolution processes that can assist when editors disagree on content and approach. Usually, editors eventually reach a consensus on ways to improve the article.

External video
video icon "Using Wikipedia" with John Green, from Crash Course's Navigating Digital Information series, YouTube video

The ideal Wikipedia article is well written, balanced, neutral, and encyclopedic, containing comprehensive, notable, verifiable knowledge. An increasing number of articles reach this standard over time, and many already have. Our best articles are called Featured Articles (and display a small star in the upper right corner of the article), and our second-best tier of articles are designated Good Articles. However, this process can take months or years to be achieved through editors' concerted effort. Some articles contain statements that have not yet been fully cited. Others will later be augmented with new sections. Some information will be considered by later contributors to be insufficiently founded and, therefore, may be removed.

While the overall trend is toward improvement, it is important to use Wikipedia carefully if it is intended to be used as a research source. Individual articles will vary in quality and maturity by their nature. Guidelines and information pages are available to help users and researchers do this effectively, as is an article that summarizes third-party studies and assessments of the reliability of Wikipedia.

Wikipedia versus paper encyclopedias

Like a paper encyclopedia, Wikipedia attempts to compile world knowledge but is not bound by the restrictions of a paper encyclopedia. Illustration from Nuremberg Chronicle 1493
Main page: Wikipedia is not paper (on Wikimedia Meta-Wiki).

Wikipedia has advantages over traditional paper encyclopedias. First, it is not limited in space: it can keep growing as fast as people add.

Second, there are no qualifications required to be able to author its articles. It draws from a vast pool of contributors: the whole world. This, and the first advantage mentioned above, have enabled Wikipedia to become the most comprehensive encyclopedia on Earth.

Third, a paper encyclopedia remains static (stays the same) and falls out of date until its next edition. Wikipedia is more dynamic: You don't have to wait for the next edition to come out (there are no editions), as Wikipedia is published online as it is written online. Articles are made available as is, regardless of what stage of development they are in. You can update Wikipedia at any moment. People do so continually around the clock, thereby helping each other keep abreast of the most recent events everywhere and the latest facts in every subject.

Fourth, Wikipedia has a meager "publishing" cost for adding or expanding entries, as it is online, with no need to buy paper or ink for distribution. This has allowed it to be made available for free, making it more accessible to everyone. This has also enabled Wikipedia to be independently developed and published in many different languages simultaneously by people literate in each. Of the 290+ different language Wikipedias, 137 of them have 10,000 or more articles.

Fifth, Wikipedia has a low environmental impact in some respects, since it never needs to be printed. However, computers have their own environmental cost.

Sixth, Wikipedia is extra-linear (more than linear). Instead of in-line explanations, Wikipedia incorporates hypertext in the form of wikilinks. Throughout its content is a robust network of links, providing another dimension of knowledge accessibility. The encyclopedia also has correlated to tables of contents and indexes, with each entry in them hyperlinked to an article on the topic specified.

Seventh, each Wikipedia article provides an introduction summarizing the more extensive detail of its contents.

Eighth, being open to anyone to edit, articles on Wikipedia are subject to additions that might be erroneous or written poorly, which in turn are subject to being corrected or rewritten. It is a community effort, with most people involved helping to improve the work, fixing problems they encounter along the way. See more about Wikipedia's strengths and weaknesses below ...

Strengths, weaknesses, and article quality

Wikipedia's greatest strengths, weaknesses, and differences arise because it is open to anyone. According to editorial guidelines and policies, it has a large contributor base, and its articles are written by consensus.

  • Wikipedia is open to a large contributor base, drawing many editors from diverse backgrounds. This allows Wikipedia to reduce regional and cultural bias found in many publications significantly and makes it very difficult for any person or group to censor and impose bias. A large, diverse editor base also provides access and breadth on subject matter otherwise inaccessible or poorly documented. Many editors contributing at any moment can produce encyclopedic articles and resources covering newsworthy events within hours or days of their occurrence. Like any publication, Wikipedia may reflect the cultural, age, socio-economic, and other biases of its contributors. There is no systematic process to make sure "obviously important" topics are written about, so Wikipedia may suffer unexpected oversights and omissions. While anyone may alter most articles, in practice, editing will be performed by a certain demographic (younger rather than older, male rather than female, literate, rich enough to afford a computer, et cetera) and may, therefore, show some bias. Some topics may not be covered well, others in great depth.
  • Allowing anyone to edit Wikipedia makes it easily vandalized and susceptible to unverified information, which requires removal. See Wikipedia:Administrator intervention against vandalism. While blatant vandalism is usually easily spotted and rapidly corrected, Wikipedia is more subject to subtle viewpoint promotion than a typical reference work. However, a bias that would be unchallenged in a traditional reference work is likely to be eventually challenged or considered on Wikipedia. While Wikipedia articles generally attain a good standard after editing, it is important to note that fledgling articles and those monitored less well may be susceptible to vandalism and insertion of false information. Wikipedia's radical openness also means any given article may be, at any given moment, in a bad state, such as in the middle of a large edit or a controversial rewrite. Many contributors do not yet comply fully with key policies or may add information without citable sources. Wikipedia's open approach tremendously increases the chances that any particular factual error or misleading statement will be relatively promptly corrected. Numerous editors at any given time are monitoring recent changes and edit articles on their watchlists.
  • Wikipedia is written by open and transparent consensus—an approach with its pros and cons. Censorship or imposing "official" points of view is complicated and usually fails after a time. Eventually, all notable views become fairly described for most articles, and a neutral point of view reached. In reality, the process of reaching consensus may be long and drawn-out, with articles fluid or changeable for a long time while they find the "neutral approach" all sides can agree on. Reaching neutrality is occasionally made harder by extreme-viewpoint contributors. Wikipedia operates a full editorial dispute resolution process that allows time for discussion and resolution in-depth. Still, it also permits disagreements to last for months before poor-quality or biased edits are removed. A common conclusion is that Wikipedia is a valuable resource and provides a good reference point on its subjects.
  • That said, articles and subject areas sometimes suffer from significant omissions, and while misinformation and vandalism are usually corrected quickly, this does not always happen. (See for example this incident in which a person inserted a fake biography linking a prominent journalist to the Kennedy assassinations and Soviet Russia as a joke on a co-worker which went undetected for four months, saying afterward he "didn't know Wikipedia was used as a serious reference tool.")
  • Wikipedia is written largely by amateurs. Those with expert credentials are given no additional weight. Wikipedia is also not subject to any peer review for scientific, medical, or engineering articles. One advantage of having amateurs write in Wikipedia is that they have more free time on their hands to make rapid changes in response to current events. The wider the general public interest in a topic, the more likely it is to attract contributions from non-specialists.

The MediaWiki software that runs Wikipedia retains a history of all edits and changes. Thus information added to Wikipedia never "vanishes" irreversibly. Discussion pages are an important resource on contentious topics. Therefore, serious researchers can often find a wide range of vigorously or thoughtfully advocated viewpoints not present in the consensus article. As with any source, the information should be checked. A 2005 editorial by a BBC technology writer comments that these debates are probably symptomatic of cultural changes that are happening across all sources of information (including search engines and the media) and may lead to "a better sense of how to evaluate information sources." [3]

Wikipedia disclaimers apply to all pages on Wikipedia. However, the consensus in Wikipedia is to put all disclaimers only as links and at the end of each article. Proposals to have a warning box at the beginning have been rejected. Some do not like the way it looks or that it calls attention to possible errors in Wikipedia.

Wikipedia, in common with many websites, has a disclaimer that, at times, has led to commentators citing these to support the view that Wikipedia is unreliable. A selection of similar disclaimers from places which are often regarded as reliable (including sources such as Encyclopædia Britannica, Associated Press, and the Oxford English Dictionary) can be read and compared at Wikipedia:Non-Wikipedia disclaimers.

A downloadable "Editing Wikipedia guide" in PDF form written by the staff at the Wikimedia Foundation
Go ahead and be bold—click the edit button! (1:06 min)

Anyone can contribute to Wikipedia by clicking on the Edit tab in an article, and editors are encouraged to be bold. To get started, the intro tutorial has helpful advice. Also, creating an account offers many benefits. Editors are expected to add only verifiable and factual information rather than personal views and opinions, and to remain civil when discussing issues. Vandals will have their edits reverted and be blocked from editing.

Most articles start as stubs, but after many contributions, they can become featured articles. All editors are unpaid volunteers, including administrators, trusted editors who are given elevated permissions. The ease of editing Wikipedia results in many people editing. That makes updating the encyclopedia very quick. Every page has an associated talk page tab, where improvements to it are discussed.

Editorial quality review

Video guided tour #2: Why does Wikipedia work even though anyone can edit it?

As well as systems to catch and control substandard and vandalistic edits, Wikipedia also has a full style and content manual and various positive systems for continual article review and improvement. Examples of the processes include peer review, good article assessment, and the featured article process, a rigorous review of articles that are intended to meet the highest standards and showcase Wikipedia's capability to produce high-quality work.

Besides, specific types of articles or fields often have their own specialized and comprehensive projects, assessment processes (such as biographical article assessment), and expert reviewers within specific subjects. Nominated articles are also frequently the subject of specific focus on the neutral point of view noticeboard or in WikiProject Cleanup.

Technical attributes

Wikipedia uses MediaWiki software, the open-source program used not only on Wikimedia projects but also on many other third-party websites. The hardware supporting the Wikimedia projects is based on several hundred servers in various hosting centers worldwide. Full descriptions of these servers and their roles are available on this Meta-Wiki page. For technical information about Wikipedia, check Technical FAQ. Wikipedia publishes various types of metadata; and, across its pages, are many thousands of microformats.

Feedback and questions

Wikipedia is run as a communal effort. It is a community project whose result is an encyclopedia. Feedback about the content should, in the first instance, be raised on the discussion pages of those articles. Be bold and edit the pages to add information or correct mistakes.

Frequently asked questions (FAQ)

Static help

The Help:Contents may be accessed by clicking help displayed under the  Interaction tab at the top left of all pages.

  • Help:Menu—is a menu-style page that will direct you to the right place to find information.
  • Help:Directory—is a descriptive listing of all Wikipedia's informative, instructional, and consultation pages.

Giving feedback

There is an established escalation-and-dispute process within Wikipedia and pages designed for questions, feedback, suggestions, and comments. For a full listing of the services and assistance that can be requested on Wikipedia, see Wikipedia:Request directory.

See also:

Research help and similar questions

Facilities to help users researching specific topics can be found at:

Because of Wikipedia's nature, it is encouraged that people looking for information should try to find it themselves in the first instance. If, however, information is found to be missing from Wikipedia, please be bold and add it.

Community discussion

For a listing of ongoing discussions and current requests, see the dashboard. For specific discussion not related to article content or editor conduct, see the Village pump, which covers such subjects as milestone announcements, policy and technical discussion, and information on other specialized portals such as the help, reference and peer review desks. The Community portal is a centralized place to find things to do, collaborations, and general editing to help information and find out what is happening. The Signpost, a community-edited newspaper, has recent news and opinion regarding Wikipedia, its sister projects, and the Wikimedia Foundation.

Contacting individual editors

To contact individual contributors, leave a message on their talk page. Standard places to ask policy and project-related questions are the Village pump, online, and the Wikipedia mailing lists, over e-mail. Reach other Wikipedians via IRC and e-mail.

Besides, the Wikimedia Foundation Meta-Wiki is a site for coordinating the various Wikipedia projects and sister projects (and abstract discussions of policy and direction). Also available are places for submitting bug reports and feature requests.

For a full list of contact options, see Wikipedia:Questions.

Other languages

Sister projects

Wikipedia is hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, a non-profit organization that also hosts a range of other projects:

Please note that while other sites may also use MediaWiki software and therefore look like Wikipedia [dot org]—"wiki-" or "-pedia" or anything similar—the only projects which are part of the Wikimedia Foundation are those listed above.

See also

  1. ^ "Wikistats - Statistics For Wikimedia Projects". Wikimedia Foundation. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  2. ^ "Milestones 2001". Wikipedia,
  3. ^ Bill Thompson, "What is it with Wikipedia?" BBC, December 16, 2005.

Further reading

External links


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Feminism – a matter of perception

    Nothing is good or bad but the perception make it so. Yes, perception, it shapes the thinking of human being about the stuff happening all around and making up their minds in return to react to it in many ways. International Women Day, 8th March 2019, the day which would be remembered and recorded in the history as a significant day of 21st century in women rights perspective. The day when women across the globe like before once again united to raise voice for their fundamental right, and get rid of oppressive ideologies. The Aurat March is no doubt an important part of current wave of feminism. Let’s have a look over the concept of feminism first.

    The word “feminism” was coined in 1890s in the sense of women-led activism for equality and became a common term, migrating from France and entering the London. As it was purely linked to the understanding of phenomenon of gender equality, gender Identity and gender construction in the society and providing the deprived class (women) with their basic rights. This activism, inculcating the aim of fighting for their fundamental rights was surfaced in different time periods with more or less the same objectives e.g. right to vote, basic rights (e.g. reproductive rights) and individualism, calling it “The three waves of feminism” broadly.

    All of these were the child of liberal school of thoughts in feminism. Those who advocate the changes in the existing structures of society and a sizeable adjustment into that structures to ensure the availability of the desired and deserving status to women. The recent “Women March” went under serious criticism from the conservative class of the society and they used to call it nothing more than the way of spreading “Behayai” in the society. According to them the connotation has taken all together a different meaning which is more or less the offshoot of radical school of thought who are sometimes called ‘radfems’, those who advocate that, society is a patriarchy. In patriarchy, men have more social power than women. They harm women by oppressing them. So, the only way of emancipating the oppression is to have a separate social structure or in other words autonomy from the male dominated structures, and the so called elite class is trying to take out their ill-mannered benefits by agitating middle and lower class women’s mindsets through these form of rallies and marches.

    The basic reason of reaction from conservative class was none other than the messages and slogans written on play cards to counter patriarchy and oppressors. For example the slogan “mera jism meri marzi” “Khana Khud Garam Karo”, “Women are humans, not honor” and more of the same kind. So it has been tagged as nothing but misinterpreting and misusing the concept of feminism and threatening the cultural norms and values of the society, because it was indeed a rare sight.

    Just because women have raised voice for their rights with bit bold way in the march it has been targeted and the other side of the story was totally sidelined and ignored. There was no one highlighting the positive aspects of the march e.g. we had seen people from all walks of life belonging to different fields showing unity and promoting a diverse and soft image of Pakistan to the international worlds. Presenting them that we don’t deserve to be labelled as terrorists or gender dispirit society rather we are the one promoting our women to be the part of the race and prove their selves.

    However, the most appreciable and interesting thing which needed to be highlighted was, that a big chunk of men were also the part of the March. Aren’t it the notorious kind of March we people witnessed for the first time where men also came out in support of the women to promote the social cause and give a beautiful blend and diversity to this historic event? Why did we people ignore the positive and powerful messages written on the same play cards? For example, “Agar beti dil mein hai tou will mein bhi honi chahye”, “Kab takk beti be-taleem rahegi” and more.

    Nothing in these demands was threatening, and if there was anything, those men who were supporting this march with women would not have ever supported them. The thing in my opinion is of perception like I have earlier mentioned. The way we react to things is because of the way we perceive it. There is a need to work on change in perception of the people towards those taboos of the society which we people feel shame of sharing it.

    The change will start from our homes, we need to make our children especially sons believe in equality and freedom. We need to make our sons realize and teach that there are no gender specific roles because this will deprive them of their self-sufficiency. This is the time to undo our mistakes and take critical measures in the upbringing of our children and “Aurat march” was a good example to have a start because it was not only about the women, but man and transgender were also the part of it to promote this humanly cause.

    Maria Akhtar
    Maria Akhtar has graduated in Journalism and Mass Communication from University of Peshawar.

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It’s too early to say what the economic recovery is going to look like on the other side of the COVID-19 pandemic. A few weeks ago, economists were predicting a quick V-shaped recovery, a bad Q2, but a return to economic activity in Q3. Now, CEOs and CFOs are talking about it differently as they watch what is happening in China and other overseas countries.

“We don’t know how deep this is going to cut. We need to do everything we can to keep this pandemic as short as possible,” says Jake Schwartz, Co-Founder & CEO of General Assembly in this episode of Work in Progress.

“Rushing back to work certainly will not make anything better. Doing everything we can to control (the pandemic), getting testing, getting treatments and vaccines up and running, making sure we have the infrastructure to make and build these things–that is what is going to, in the long run, help this economy recover. In the short-run, we are all going to have to have a lot of empathy for not just people losing their jobs, but people losing their businesses.”

Jake Schwartz, Co-Founder & CEO, General Assembly (Photo: General Assembly)

General Assembly was started in 2010, just after the Great Recession ended. Through a combination of online and in-person training, the company addressed the needs of a recovering economy. “G.A. was really set up to help people access the opportunities in parts of the economy that needed the help and where (employers were) constantly complaining that they couldn’t get enough skilled people. That’s our spot in this system, to help accelerate and help reduce the friction of people reskilling and upskilling in higher-growth careers.”

Schwartz says he is not seeing 100 percent of companies stopping their upskilling efforts, but he is seeing companies that were thinking about it putting those thoughts on pause. “I don’t blame them. They are trying to figure out how to save their companies and how to humanely treat hundreds of thousands of workers that are probably going to file for unemployment soon.”

Still, he believes that when we come out of this slowdown, you will start seeing employers “dip their toe back in the water” and upskilling is going to be even more important. “We are still in this massive secular expansion of technology, and the leveraging of technology and data for all sorts of purposes.”

Schwartz had much more to say about where he sees the workforce in the coming months. You can listen to the entire Work in Progress podcast here, or download it and subscribe wherever you get your podcasts.

Episode 126: Jake Schwartz, Co-Founder & CEO, General Assembly
Host: Ramona Schindelheim, Editor-in-Chief, WorkingNation
Producer: Larry Buhl
Executive Producers: Joan Lynch, Melissa Panzer, and Ramona Schindelheim
Music: Composed by Lee Rosevere and licensed under CC by 4.0.

You can check out all the other podcasts at this link: Work in Progress podcasts

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Work Zone ITS and Data Sharing Services

wazeOn January 2nd iCone announced a new data-sharing partnership with Waze.  Waze, as you may know, collects travel time data from its users and then shares it with them. Users may also note special problems like work zones or crashes as they travel. They even note the prices at individual gas stations.

Waze already shows the work zones reported by state DOTs. But now any work zone equipped with iCones will also show up. After all, not all work zones are reported. And not all that are reported actually take place. Better yet, they will appear as soon as the work begins, and they will disappear as soon as the work ends, making this truly real-time!

This is important for one simple reason. As work zone data is generated by our systems, it quickly overwhelms the DOTs. Most systems offer a live feed to the DOT but only a very few DOTs have incorporated that data into their DOT travel time systems. Portable work zone system data stands alone and apart from permanent systems. So it is not reaching Waze or Inrix or any travel time system. And that means it is not reaching the end user.

This new partnership skips the intermediate step and supplies the data directly to Waze. Users will begin seeing the benefits right away, rather than years from now. Drivers will become more aware of work zones and many will bypass them altogether. In both cases work zones become safer, and our roads more efficient.

Read the press release HERE.

Learn more about Waze or download the app HERE.

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Unpublished page - null value properties

EPiServer CMS 5 R2

I want to get the property values from an unpublished page through code, but all custom properties are null values. What do I need to do to get the values from an unpublished page?

Dec 05, 2008 12:34

With custom properties I mean pagetype-specific properties.

Dec 05, 2008 16:30

Do you mean that the page is "saved and viewed", but not published? In that case you can use the page's WorkPageId.

Dec 08, 2008 11:29

Yes, thats what I meant.

Thanks Mattias

Edited, Dec 09, 2008 18:57
This thread is locked and should be used for reference only. Please use the Episerver CMS 7 and earlier versions forum to open new discussions.
* You are NOT allowed to include any hyperlinks in the post because your account hasn't associated to your company. User profile should be updated.


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What’s New?

FTC Approves Final Order Settling Charges That CoreLogic’s Acquisition of DataQuick Was Likely to Harm Competition

Following a public comment period, the Federal Trade Commission has approved a final order settling charges that CoreLogic, Inc.’s $661 million acquisition of DataQuick Information Systems, Inc. from TPG VI Ontario 1 AIV L.P. was likely to harm competition in the market for national assessor and recorder bulk data.

According to the FTC’s complaint, first announced in March, the combination of CoreLogic’s and DataQuick’s national assessor and recorder bulk data businesses would eliminate one of only three providers of national assessor and recorder bulk data. The complaint alleges that the acquisition would increase the risk of anticompetitive coordination between the remaining two market participants and the risk of CoreLogic unilaterally exercising its market power to increase prices and reduce quality for customers.

To preserve competition that would be lost due to the acquisition, the FTC’s final order requires CoreLogic to license to Renwood RealtyTrac LLC national assessor and recorder bulk data as well as several ancillary data sets that DataQuick provides to its customers.

The Commission vote approving the final order and the responses to the public comments received [Letter To Commenter Nigro | Letter To Commenter Zillow] was 4-0-1, with Commissioner Terrell McSweeny not participating. (FTC File No. 131-0199; the staff contact is Cathlin Tully, Bureau of Competition, 202-326-3644)

The FTC’s Bureau of Competition works with the Bureau of Economics to investigate alleged anticompetitive business practices and, when appropriate, recommends that the Commission take law enforcement action. To inform the Bureau about particular business practices, call 202-326-3300, send an e-mail to antitrust{at}ftc{dot}gov, or write to the Office of Policy and Coordination, Bureau of Competition, Federal Trade Commission, 601 New Jersey Ave., N.W., Room 7117, Washington, DC 20001. To learn more about the Bureau of Competition, read Competition Counts. Like the FTC on Facebook, follow us on Twitter, and subscribe to press releases for the latest FTC news and resources.

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Rouben Mamoulian

Rouben Mamoulian – Love Me Tonight (1932)

Parisian tailor Maurice Courtelin (Maurice Chevalier) goes to the chateau of the Duke d’Artelines (C. Aubrey Smith) to collect a debt owed by a spendthrift nephew, the Viscount Gilbert de Varèze (Charlie Ruggles), Maurice passes as a Count and interacts with other members of the household, including the nervous bookworm the Count de Savignac (Charles Butterworth) and the near-nymphomaniac Countess Valentine (Myrna Loy). But he falls madly in love with Princess Jeanette (Jeanette MacDonald) and slowly wins her to his side. Now, how does Maurice explain to her that he’s nothing but a tailor? Read More »

Rouben Mamoulian & Lowell Sherman – Becky Sharp (1935)

Set against the background of the Battle of Waterloo, Becky Sharp is the story of Vanity Fair by Thackeray. Becky and Amelia are girls at school together, but Becky is from a “show biz” family, or in other words, very low class. Becky manages to insinuate herself in Amelia’s family and gets to know all their friends. From this possibly auspicious- beginning, she manages to ruin her own life, becoming sick, broke, and lonely, and also ruins the lives of many other “loved ones”. In the movie we get to see the class distinctions in England at the time, and get a sense of what it was like for the English military at the time of the Napoleonic wars. Read More »

Rouben Mamoulian – Queen Christina (1933)

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Greta Garbo Appears as Queen Christina of Sweden in Her First Film in More Than Eighteen Months.
Soon after entering the Astor Theatre last night for the presentation of Greta Garbo’s first picture in eighteen months, the spectators were transported by the evanescent shadows from the snow of New York in 1933 to the snows of Sweden in 1650. The current offering, known as “Queen Christina,” is a skillful blend of history and fiction in which the Nordic star, looking as alluring as ever, gives a performance which merits nothing but the highest praise. She appears every inch a queen. Read More »

Rouben Mamoulian – City Streets (1931)

Nan, a racketeer’s daughter, is in love with The Kid, a shooting gallery showman. Despite Nan’s prodding, The Kid has no ambitions about joining the rackets and making enough money to support Nan in the lifestyle she’s accustomed to. Her attitude changes after her father implicates her in a murder and she’s sent to prison. During her incarceration, her father convinces The Kid to join the gang in order to help free Nan. When Nan is released, she wants nothing more to do with the mob and tries to get The Kid to quit, but she may be too late. Read More »

Rouben Mamoulian – Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde [+Commentary] (1931)

The film, made prior to the full enforcement of the Hays code, is remembered today for its strong sexual content, embodied mostly in the character of the prostitute, Ivy, played by Miriam Hopkins.

The secret of the astonishing transformation scenes was not revealed until decades later (Mamoulian himself revealed it in a volume of interviews with Hollywood directors published under the title The Celluloid Muse).
Hyde enjoys the rain.
Hyde enjoys the rain.

A series of rotating filters matching the make-up was used on the lenses, enabling the make-up to be gradually exposed or made invisible, depending upon the scene.

Wally Westmore’s make-up for Hyde, simian and hairy with tusks influenced greatly the popular image of Hyde in media and comic books (the American Classics Illustrated edition of Jekyll and Hyde clearly based its design of Hyde on the Fredric March movie, although it is more toned down); in part this reflected the novella’s implication of Hyde as embodying repressed evil and hence being semi-evolved or simian in appearance. Read More »


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News > News from The Old Place > Celebrating Fr Kevin's 90th birthday

Celebrating Fr Kevin's 90th birthday

Today marks Fr Kevin Taggart's 90th birthday and the Worth Society and the Worthian network have been busy ensuring it is a truly memorable one for him, despite the national lockdown.

Fr Kevin is such a much-loved member of the Worth Community that over 250 Worthians and their families signed an ecard that was delivered to his inbox this morning, this is in addition to the hundred or so physical cards that have arrived for him in the Monastery. He was also delighted to see a notice in today's issue of The Times with congratulations from the Society on reaching this milestone. Several Worthians have donated wines for the celebratory meal this evening in the Monastery, the School have prepared a delicious cake, and the Society have given a large chocolate and biscuit hamper for Fr Kevin to share with the Monastic Community.

We very much hope to be able to celebrate with him in person later on in the year. In the meantime, cheers to 90 years Fr Kevin, and may there be many more!

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MTYT: After the Fall: How Humpty Dumpty Got Back Up Again

by Seemi Aziz, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, and Melissa Wilson,Leeds Trinity University, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK

Happy New (Gregorian) Year! To welcome in 2021, we, Seemi and Melissa, are going to explore the concept of mindfulness through critical readings of powerful children’s picture books. We have come to understand that visual and written narratives work simultaneously to add to the understanding and comprehension of children and adults in the present, increasingly visual, world. As the worldwide pandemic of Coronavirus rages on, we all need resources to cope with constant disruptions and uncertainty. Mindfulness is a resource that may benefit both adults and children and one that can be explored through picture books.

“Mindfulness is awareness that arises through paying attention, on purpose, in the present moment, non-judgmentally… it’s about knowing what is on your mind.” – Jon Kabat-Zinn

The above quote nicely defines mindfulness for our purposes. Rooted in ancient religious practices, mindfulness came to the United States in the 1970s as a secular way to help people through the work of Kabat-Zinn. In the ensuing half century, the concept has become part of western culture.

Throughout this month we will discuss specific picture books to explore mindfulness with children. The specific texts are: After the Fall: How Humpty Dumpty got back up again by Dan Santat, Charlotte and the Quiet Place by Deborah Sosin, and The Three Questions by Jon Muth. As we unravel the narratives, we will add other titles that reinforce the concept of mindfulness. Continue reading

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I want to have a book (or multiple) have a suicide in it, and I want to write the suicide. I don't know how exactly to go about that.

I know that very descriptive details or very graphic images/video/movies/media can cause some people (especailly teens, if I'm correct) to commit suicide. It can be a trigger, if in great detail or graphic imaging.

I still want to describe it some and include it.

How should I do this?

Edit: Some people are confused, and I get that. What I mean is that if details are extremely descriptive (spelling out the scene, basically, in such a way that you know exactly what is happening) it can end up triggering a suicide. I would like to avoid that, but I want to still have a suicide scene, or a scene where someone sees the result of a suicide. I want to know in what ways I could describe it that wouldn't cause a suicide.

  • 2
    "I know that very descriptive details... can cause some people... to commit suicide." "I still want to describe it some and include it." To me, this seems like a problem, to say the least. If I give you the benefit of the doubt, it was still a bad choice of words - is this really what you meant? May 21 '20 at 20:47
  • 2
    hmmm…. The normal advice around here is to research or go ask people who have had that experience. For obvious reasons that's not going to work this time. There are some questions (generally under the horror tag about depicting graphic violence, torture, and gore – clearly not the same topic, but the questions are similar –– As asked your Q is like 'How can I write about this taboo thing?' without any context.… I think we'd need to hear more the purpose and effect you are trying to achieve to have any useful suggestions.
    – wetcircuit
    May 21 '20 at 21:09
  • 1
    Which part of the description are you saying causes suicide? The emotional description, or the physical? Depending which one you think causes this, maybe describe one and imply the other. May 21 '20 at 22:28
  • 1
    @wetcircuit Maybe not exactly the reading (I'm not sure if the reading one can actually do that) but I know that watching can. The show, 13 Reasons Why, actually caused multiple suicides to happen when people watched the suicide scene. And I don't want to find out if reading causes it, so I'm just wondering if there is a proper way to write it. May 21 '20 at 22:29
  • 1
    If you mainly talk about the emotional state, and briefly reference a "jump" or a "cut" any suicide is unlikely to be caused by the description, only a trigger - in which case any case of violence would be the same. May 21 '20 at 22:44

This is indeed a real danger if you write about suicide. The effect is known as copycat suicide or suicide contagion, and it can indeed be triggered by reading - one of the most famous early examples was The Sorrows of Young Werther by Goethe, a novel in which the protagonist commits suicide which came out near the end of the 18th century and caused a spike of suicides among young men at the time. (You'll sometimes find the phenomenon called "The Werther effect" as a result.)

The good news is that because this is such a risk, you're not alone. If you Google "suicide depiction", "suicide depiction fiction" and the like you will find many guidelines compiled by interested parties such as mental health organizations for how to write about suicide without triggering this. A lot of them are for journalism, in order to prevent suicide clusters arising from careless reporting (example: WHO guidelines, Reporting on Suicide website), but some of the journalism advice is applicable to fiction as well. There are also some guidelines specifically for fiction, such as the Action Alliance Recommendations for Depicting Suicide or the Samaritans Guide to Depicting Suicide in Literature.

Some of the advice:

  • Do not show the method of suicide. (This varies from "don't depict it in detail" to "don't in any way say or allude to what the method was" in different guidelines, but basically everyone agrees that this is the big one to avoid.)
  • Don't show the suicide note, if there is one.
  • Depict it as a complex situation that was the result of multiple factors instead of caused by a single issue or event
  • Try to avoid portraying the suicide as having a positive outcome - bullies regretting their behaviour, estranged parents getting back together, any way in which the character gets what they want by suicide
  • Don't glamorize it. Don't show it as a quick, painless escape from the character's problems.
  • Include a content warning, but be aware this isn't a fail-safe - not everyone vulnerable to suicide contagion at that moment may be aware of it.

Of note: I haven't found anything specifically talking about the emotional depiction as of yet, but a lot of the guidelines are for journalism or movies where it wouldn't apply. My past experience as a depressed teenager leads me to think an in-depth depiction of someone deciding to kill themselves and carrying it out could also be highly dangerous - at the very least, it's the sort of thing I would have steered far away from for safety reasons when I was depressed.

In general, I urge you to do the research because there really are a lot of resources here. And regarding your specific question... I'd suggest you really think about whether showing the actual suicide is necessary for your story. You can achieve a ton of emotional impact by fading to black at certain points or using another POV, with far less risk.

  • Thanks. I'll keep it all in mind May 22 '20 at 16:25

My take on this comes from many years of supporting someone with crippling anxiety and depression, listening to them talk about suicide and learning what makes them think that way.

I can’t answer the question in your edit (which Tau has covered amply) but I will try to answer the question in your title, and hope that it helps you consider whether a suicide scene is the right approach for you. I’m going to assume you genuinely want to tell a story about someone who can’t see a way to continue living and/or the impact their death has on the other characters.

Suicide is a very difficult and complex subject. Ask yourself how/why your character has got to the stage of taking their own life. There are many different reasons people do this, and every journey to that point is different. In order to write the end of their life, you need to fully understand their whole life.

There may be a trigger event, but there will also be reasons why your character reacts in an extreme way to an event that another person might cope with. What has happened in their past? How did other people react to them? What fears and beliefs did your character develop as a result that now haunt them? Why can’t they get the support they need?

I would argue that the journey is more important than the end result and you don’t actually need to show any physical details of the suicide itself. If you convincingly portray a character who can only see one way out, the reader does not need the details of how they achieve it.

If you’re writing primarily about the impact on others, focus on their relationship with the character, and how their own beliefs influence how they react to the suicide. Again, you don’t need to show the suicide scene itself in order for it to have emotional impact.

  • Thanks! I've been through the stage of wanting to take my own life (still somewhat am), so it will be a little easier to write about it, but I will still need to create a unique character that has his own situation and circumstances. Thanks, I'll keep this in mind as I go along. May 22 '20 at 17:31

Write a short disclaimer on the back of the book, simply stating that the story includes the topic of suicide. Then write whatever you want inside the book: physical/ details, what method is used, how much blood there was etc. Write whatever you want.

Nobody should blame the author for a random reader committing suicide, that's ridiculus.

  • Maybe, just maybe, this isn't about avoiding blame, but about avoiding suicide? Aug 28 at 21:31

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Trails for everyone, forever

Home Go Hiking Hiking Guide Alta Mountain

Alta Mountain

Snoqualmie Region

Snoqualmie Region -- Snoqualmie Pass
View map below

12.0 miles, roundtrip

Gain: 3300 ft.
Highest Point: 6151 ft.

4.68 out of 5

(19 votes) Log in to rate
WTA worked here: 2018

Parking Pass/Entry Fee

Northwest Forest Pass

Alta Mountain is a rocky summit featuring 360 degree views of Rainier, Hibox, and the Chikamins. It can be done as a long day hike, but is more easily enjoyed as a side trip from an overnight at Lila Lake, Rampart Lakes, or even Rachel Lake.

Start by following the trail to Rachel Lake, a 3.5 mile trail that gets increasingly steep and rugged as you get closer to the lake. There are some waterfalls along the way to distract you from the trail, but the ratio of scenery to effort is low on this early section of the trail.

As you arrive at the lake, look for a trail on your right marked “Trail”, near the trail to the privy (marked “Toilet”). This trail heads north initially, and then turns west as it travels around the north side of the lake. Once you have located the trail, take a break for a few minutes to enjoy Rachel Lake. The lake is a worthy destination in its own right, with plenty of space to spread out and camp, swim, or just relax.

When you’re ready to continue climbing, head back to the trail signed “Trail”. This rocky trail switchbacks steeply up to the ridge in just half a mile. Along the way, you will enjoy periodic views of Rachel Lake.

When you get to the ridge, you’ll see a trail off to your right, and then a few feet later a sign marking that trail. The trail to the left heads to Rampart Lakes, a pretty collection of pothole lakes and a maze of social trails between them. You want the trail to the right, to Lila Lake.

The trail gets a little brushy at times, but is always recognizable. Enjoy a few more views of Rachel Lake. After 0.3 miles, arrive at a junction marked by a cairn. The trail straight ahead leads to Lila Lake, a pretty lake set in a large open basin with plenty of mountain views. The trail to the left is the climber’s path to Alta Mountain.

The path to Alta Mountain is steep at first, featuring loose rock, large steps, and no shade. The grade moderates as you continue, and soon you’re on a knife-edge ridge. The route is non-technical, but those with a fear of heights will be uneasy. Turn back if you hit snow. Enjoy 360 degree views from the summit.

WTA Pro Tip: Set up camp at Lila Lake, summit Alta Mountain with a light pack, and then do a short side-trip to Rampart Lakes the next day.

Alta Mountain

Map & Directions

Co-ordinates: 47.3980, -121.2843 Open map in new window

Snoqualmie Region -- Snoqualmie Pass

Rachel Lake (#1313)

Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest, Cle Elum Ranger District

See weather forecast

Guidebooks & Maps

Green Trails No 207 Snoqualmie Pass

Getting There

From I-90 East, take exit 62. Take a left and head over the highway. At 5.2 miles, the road veers left, passing Lake Kachess Campground. Go another 0.3 miles, now on gravel, and take a right at a sign for Rachel Lake/Trail 1313. At this point, the road gets a little rough. Continue following signs to Rachel Lake/Trail 1313, turning left at a gated intersection. 3.8 miles from the campground, take a left into a pair of one-way parking lots. Check the lower lot first; there are likely to be spaces available when the upper lot is over-full. There is space for 30 cars in the upper lot, and at least another 20 cars in the lower lot.

Parking Pass/Entry Fee

Northwest Forest Pass

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Alta Mountain

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Trails for everyone, forever

Home Go Hiking Hiking Guide Diamond Head Snowshoe

Diamond Head Snowshoe

Central Cascades

Central Cascades -- Blewett Pass
View map below

7.4 miles, roundtrip

Gain: 1815 ft.
Highest Point: 5915 ft.

3.00 out of 5

(4 votes) Log in to rate

Parking Pass/Entry Fee

Sno-Parks Permit

Located north and east of the seventy miles of groomed snowmobile trails is the Tronsen Meadows Non-motorized Area with marked ski trails and lots of options for cross-country snow travel, and at the southwest corner of this area is Diamond Head with its rocky north face overlooking the area.

The route for this climb includes road walk (on a groomed snowmobile trail, so be sure to stay to the side), marked ski trails, and cross-country travel. This trip is better done mid-week, when the sound of snowmobiles does not dominate the stillness of winter, and the large parking lot is not full of other hikers and snowmobile-toting trucks and trailers.

This description follows the most popular route, but a review of winter and summer maps show there are other alternatives.

From the Blewett Pass Sno-Park, on south side of Highway 97 (elevation 4100 feet), start on USFS Road 9716 for 100 yards and go straight where the road turns left, climbing past the no snowmobiles sign. After a short, direct climb, reach the summer parking lot for the Swauk Forest Discovery Trail.  A longer alternative is to follow the road up to the parking lot.

After crossing the summer parking lot, reach Road 9716, turn right on the road and follow it for 0.25 mile to the start of Haney Meadow cross country trail 15, on the left (elevation 4340 feet). Follow the well-marked ski trail as it does a gradual climbing traverse through a mix of open area, forest, and burned forest from the 2012 Table Mountain Fire. At each of the trail junctions, stay on the Haney Meadow Trail.

The trail steepens as it traverses around to the partially burned narrow valley on the east side of Diamond Head. Along the way, it crosses a couple of open areas that skiers use for nice runs down to the trail, when the avalanche danger is low.

At 2.1 miles (elevation 5260 feet), the ski trail turns east to cross the narrow gulley, traverses into a rocky basin, and climbs to the east. At 2.4 miles from the Sno-Park is a junction marked by signs on a large tree slightly up the southern slope at N47°18.673' W120°33.511'.  Turn right at the junction and go southwest on the trail as it initially traverses across the slope and then wanders through the forest to the pass on the southeast side of Diamond Head at 2.9 miles (elevation 5520 feet), and just beyond that to the south is USFS Road 9712.

Early and late in the season, the may be insufficient snow cover in the rocky basin. A strenuous alternative is to leave the marked ski trail at the gulley crossing, 2.1 miles from the Sno-Park.  Climb very steeply up the gulley, staying  near the gulley bottom on the west side, climbing around the small thicket of young trees, eventually reaching the pass on the southeast side of Diamond Head.

From the pass, travel west, climbing through the open forest and open areas to reach a viewpoint on the south end of Diamond Head at 3.3 miles (elevation 5870 feet). Mount Rainier is visible to the southwest and Mount Stuart to the west. You will probably cross snowmobile tracks, since this part of Diamond Head is outside the non-motorized area.

For other views, travel north through the forest that survived the fire.  Note the steep sided snow drifts in the west edge of the forest. After passing the high point, continue north and into the burned forest, reaching the rocky north rim of Diamond Head at 3.7 miles (elevation 5800 feet) and its views of the Stuart Range, Tronsen Meadows, and the Tronsen Creek Valley.

Diamond Head Snowshoe

Map & Directions

Co-ordinates: 47.3343, -120.5804 Open map in new window

Central Cascades -- Blewett Pass

Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest, Cle Elum Ranger District

See weather forecast

Guidebooks & Maps

Snowshoe Routes (Nelson

Buy the Green Trails Liberty No. 210 map

Download a map to plan your hike

Getting There

From Interstate 90, Exit 85 near Cle Elum, take State Route 970 toward Blewett Pass. At 10 miles, it joins (becomes) US 97. Continue on US 97 for an additional 14 miles to Blewett Pass and turn right into the Blewett Pass Sno-Park, the start of USFS Rd 9716.

Parking Pass/Entry Fee

Sno-Parks Permit

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Diamond Head Snowshoe

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Watch Series: The Fosters Released in (2013) - Season 4 - Episode 18 ,airing date 2017-03-28 produced by USA, The TV Series categorized in Drama, and content rating TV-14 with duration 42 min broadcasted as these networks ABC Family, Freeform, Streamed at Putlocker & directed by Peter Paige, Bradley Bredeweg, Brad Bredeweg, Norman Buckley, Elodie Keene. Lena is at her wit's end when everyone comes to her to handle all their crises and Stef is never around to help. Aaron invites Callie on a road trip to visit his parents.

Episode: 18

Runtime: 42

Date Modified: 2017-12-28 11:19:24

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Year Released: 2013

Rating: 7.916 out of 10 547

Content Rating: TV-14

Views: 569

Quality: HD

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如此一家人, 寄养一家人, Familia de acogida, Os Fosters: Família Adotiva, Família de Acolhimento, Fosterovi, Фостеры, The Fosters, family relationships, foster family, gay parent, foster child, teen drama, blended family, foster home, same sex parents, adoption, foster parent, lesbian couple, twin, high school student, gay adoption, mother son relationship, teenage boy, police officer, lesbian mother, teenager, gay interest, coming of age, lesbian policewoman, wife wife relationship, adhd, biracial, vice principal, boy, high school, school, twin sister, twin brother, brother brother relationship, brother sister relationship, interracial adoption, latino, hispanic, principal, school principal, mother daughter relationship, child,
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Jipuragirado jabgo sipeun jibseungdeul

A struggling restaurant owner, caring for his sick mom, finds a bag of cash in a sauna locker, while a customs officer gets into trouble when his girlfriend runs off with money he borrowed from a loan shark.

Duration: 108 min

Quality: HD

Release: 2020

IMDb: 7.1


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The Importance of Securing Your Data With Software

Have you got children you wish to restrict their use of the internet?

Or would you manage an office and you wish to restrict your workers’ use of the Web from performing actions that aren’t associated with their work to avoid them?

Protection software is advantageous in your workplace and your house. With security software, you are able to check your children’ online activities for example talk activities and Web browsing.

gadgetsIf you are communicating with a complete stranger, or believe that your teen children want to access adult websites, you are able to avoid them from divulging any data to online predators and from being subjected to these.

Not just that — these actions may reduce efficiency and production. What is worse is the fact that they may be inadvertently or deliberately revealing private business data towards the outside world. If your workplace has security application, you check all these and set a finish to community-related activities.

You may also install this application inside your office to keep an eye on what your employees do on the web during working hours. Searching community-related sites, talking, playing games and installing online and MP3S films may eat over 30% because these aren’t whatsoever attached to the company of one’s bandwidth, which is really a waste.

Using the growing quantity of online users, whether workers or children, protection application is becoming more sought after. There are very different plans as possible select from. You simply need to examine benefits and functions to determine what best fit your requirements.


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NewsLocal News

Sexually violent predator proposed for placement in Ranchita

Posted at 12:45 PM, Aug 13, 2021
and last updated 2021-08-13 15:45:31-04

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - State hospital officials are proposing to place a man classified as a sexually violent predator in a home in Ranchita, it was announced Friday.

Michael Martinez, 68, has been recommended by the California Department of State Hospitals for placement at 28308 Via Oak Grove Lane.

Martinez is classified as a sexually violent predator, a designation for those convicted of sexually violent offenses and diagnosed with a mental disorder that makes them likely to re-offend. After serving their prison sentences, SVPs may undergo treatment at state hospitals, but may also petition courts to continue treatment in supervised outpatient locations.

According to the San Diego County District Attorney's Office, Martinez was convicted in four separate cases between 1979 and 2004 for offenses that occurred in San Diego and Los Angeles counties. The crimes he was convicted of committing include child molestation, annoying/molesting a child, lewd or lascivious acts upon a child under 14 and annoying a child under 18, according to the DA's office.

A Sept. 20 court hearing has been scheduled regarding the merits of the placement location, during which members of the public are typically allowed to make comments to the court regarding the suitability of the placement. That 9 a.m, hearing will be held at the downtown San Diego courthouse.

Public comments may also be submitted between Aug. 16-30 to the SAFE Task Force, a regional law enforcement team that monitors and enforces sex offender registration laws in the county.

Comments can be submitted via email to; by calling 858-495-3619; or mailing a statement to SVP Release/SAFE Task Force, 9425 Chesapeake Drive, San Diego, CA 92123.


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By Andrew Brandt

Anyone who runs their own network knows that you just don’t put most machines or devices “on the internet,” but behind a concealment method called a NAT, so the arbitrary connection attempts and scans that originate from all corners of the internet can’t reach those devices. However, some machines do need to live on the edge (literally and figuratively), and they must withstand a nonstop onslaught of inbound, unsolicited traffic.

In addition to the attacks against well-known services, we also see a swath of attacks targeting publicly disclosed vulnerabilities from a range of enterprise- or consumer-grade networking products. Exploits against, and the attempted use of default administrative credentials for, routers and other networking equipment from Huawei, Cisco, Zyxel, Dasan Networks, Synology, D-Link, TP-Link, TrendNet, MikroTik, Linksys, QNAP, and many others are now part of the common vernacular of scripted attacks and brute-force attempts observed on a daily basis.

To profile what that looks like, and learn what’s needed to protect these edge devices, we studied honeypot data obtained over an extended period. We shared our research with the Cyber Threat Alliance (Sophos is a member company), who produced a white paper with guidance for systems administrators to protect devices or services hosted to the open internet.

Our research revealed that most of the attacks we saw involve a simple brute-force attempt to pass default or common username/password credentials to a selection of services, including web-based content management systems, the remote access VNC or RDP protocols, remote terminals over telnet or SSH, Internet telephony adapters, or database servers. But there were several others that sent us down a rabbit hole.

These are their stories.

VNC takes it on the chin

Many of the automated, credential brute-forcing attacks appear to use widely-publicized default credentials from a broad range of network-connected devices, including routers, NAS devices, cameras, wifi access points, DSL and cable modems, and so-called “IoT” devices or IoT control hubs.

From the honeypots we use, the most common attacks are credential brute-forcing against VNC, SSH, and telnet services, in that order. The numbers of attacks against these three services are an order of magnitude greater than any of the subsequent 7 services in the top 10.

People love to look at password clouds, for some reason. That’s the kind of infographic where the size of words is an indication of their frequency of use. The cloud generator for the most-frequently-used VNC passwords made most of them the same size because the sheer volume of attacks makes it hard to make much distinction. A pattern emerges about the type of password the attackers are after: one of very low quality.

The same is true of the passwords targeted by attackers trying to break in to an SSH and telnet honeypot. These passwords also reveal a range of common products, services, or brands who may have used one or more of these passwords as a default in a product line large enough to matter at scale.

Open VoIP SIP services, Windows Remote Desktop, and Microsoft’s MS-SQL server were the next-most-common three edge services targeted for attack by both automated and manual attacker methods.

Targeting SQL servers for…cryptomining?

It isn’t the worst idea in the world, for a criminal: Target servers known for their ability to crunch numbers for infection with a form of malware that needs to crunch numbers. We see a lot of these types of attacks targeting database servers, in particular those running Microsoft’s MS-SQL server software.

MS-SQL (which, by default, listens for connections on 1433/tcp) has been targeted by an evolving form of an automated attack that seeks to trigger the server into retrieving the malware payloads and executing it, itself, using database SQL commands alone. Many of these attacks in our study originated from a range of IP addresses known to be used by various gangs operating the Mirai or Satori botnets.

When averaged over a 90 day span, a typical honeypot in our network that’s listening to MS-SQL traffic received slightly above 390 attacks per day; more than 16 per hour, every hour of every day. The majority of these attacks originated in IP address space that geolocation services designate as China; More than 2100 of the 5080 IP addresses that attacked the honeypot on port 1433/tcp — all of the 10 most common cities from which attacks originated – are located in China.

These MS-SQL attacks went to extraordinary lengths to use multiply-redundant SQL queries, Stored Procedures, and Extended Stored Procedures in order to invoke the database server itself to download and execute one of a number of cryptocurrency mining bots, Mirai-like worms, or (in some cases) both.

The usual suspects

It is worth mentioning that, as we’re about to discuss low-hanging fruit, there is one service in particular that has been, increasingly, successfully targeted by a number of ransomware groups: Windows’ Remote Desktop Protocol, or RDP. A number of threat actors have adopted RDP brute-force techniques routinely as their initial vector for attack.

This was especially evident throughout the campaigns by the “SamSam” ransomware threat actors, where a single exposed RDP port may have cost some organizations tens of thousands of dollars in ransom payments.

It is vitally important that network administrators who wish to host RDP not punch holes in the firewall, but require users to connect to a VPN first, and to employ robust authentication, including a strong password policy and the use of multi-factor authentication for all users.

One interesting finding of this study is that, even though attackers target RDP with a high volume of attempts, most of the attack data originates from internet addresses well known by security researchers to be sources of malicious inbound traffic.

Just under half (46%) of RDP brute-force attacks originated in Russia, but nearly all (95%) of the attacker IPs worldwide were already known to security professionals as sources of malicious traffic.

If the bad guys are going to be that lazy, what else can we do but oblige by blocking that traffic!

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James Bond 007 – 1UP Games and Repairs

James Bond 007

Atari 2600

Action & Adventure

Regular price $13.99

Shipping calculated at checkout.

*All Pre-owned games are carefully cleaned and batteries are replaced if needed before shipping. Product may not include original box; instruction manual; and DLC. Item received may vary from item image.


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Where to Find Help on Mechanical Engineering Assignment Help?

Post in Assignment Help

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Sea Breeze, N.J. was a small neighborhood along the Delaware Bay with a distinct aroma of salt and mud. A year before the New Jersey government bought out the neighborhood, my family made the mistake of trying to drive to our house in Sea Breeze without checking the tides.

About half a mile away from the house, we realized that the water covering the road was too deep. We weren't able to turn around, so my brother threw the car into reverse. For about a mile, my brother backed my dad’s clunky truck down the twisted access road. My brother and grandma were hooting and hollering, trying to navigate the car through the salty water. My dad, who did not find the situation as funny, kept saying that we had to hurry so the salt water didn't damage his undercarriage. Once my brother made it safely back onto dry ground, we had to wait a couple of hours until Mother Nature let us get back to the house.

This was not the first time tides had flooded the road. For generations, my mother’s family battled with rising water. From years of experience, we developed strategies for dealing with it. Like how Dorothy from The Wizard of Oz always follows the yellow brick road, we always followed our road’s double yellow lines. Driving down the middle of the road prevented you from going into the marsh. You also needed to memorize the locations of guardrails. During a flood, they were likely to disappear, and hitting a guardrail would dent your car or poke a hole into your boat. If you needed to escape during a flood, you battered down the hatches, parked the cars where the tavern used to be, hopped in someone’s boat, and navigated down the double yellow lines. Hopefully, your car would still be there when the bay stopped having a tantrum.

Discussions at Penn on rising sea levels emphasize the future. Many of our ecology courses focus on what will happen in decades if we do not intervene today. Conversations on climate change seem to be one–sided: Everyone agrees that the state should swoop in and take action. However, many of my classmates seem to forget that environments are local. My family and the community of Sea Breeze know what happens when the state does not work with locals to develop policies.

Our whole community fought tidal erosion together. Using pilings, rocks, and wood, families built bulkheads, or walls that prevent sediment erosion. If there was no one to build a bulkhead in front of a lot, the neighbors pooled together resources to protect that portion of the road. Despite this, sections of the road washed away over time. Each year, we put down a new layer of dirt and gravel. One year, we made the mistake of buying clamshells, which burned and scratched at our feet until our soles hardened into leather. The neighborhood asked the township for money to help with the road, but it didn't have the resources for us. Instead, it pointed us to the state.

The state decided that it needed to build its own seawall to prevent road erosion. Instead of the community constructing and maintaining its own bulkheads, the state wanted one uniform wall to surround the entirety of the neighborhood. Because a state–endorsed wall sounded so promising, the community members signed an agreement allowing the state to do what it wanted.

As the project began, we realized that we had made a mistake. The Division of Coastal Engineering at the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) sent an inexperienced head engineer to Sea Breeze. He started building a wall that was more suited for rivers than the bay. After ripping up our pilings, he sloped cinder blocks down into the bay. Instead of backfilling with gravel or a heavy substrate, he used sand.

After generations of building bulkheads, members of the community knew what worked. Sand was too light, and the tides would wash it away. We thought that the wall would fall within a few years. We voiced our concerns, but the NJDEP did not listen. Sea Breeze was a neighborhood of blue–collar workers, and the head engineer felt that the community didn't have the education to have an opinion on the wall. He backfilled the wall with sand, and the project failed catastrophically within two years. Instead of portions of the road washing away, the entire road was swept quickly into the bay.

Instead of owning up to its mistake, the state decided to purchase all of the homes in the neighborhood. Due to climate change, there would be a challenging combination of rising sea levels and an increase in severe weather events. It seemed like the state didn't think it would be worth it to protect the community. Although Sea Breeze was one of the first communities to be bought out, the state purchased many other coastal neighborhoods in Cumberland County.

If Governor Christie believes that climate change is not a crisis, why was his administration willing to admit that the tides would decimate communities along the Delaware Bay? While the state continues to protect towns that attract tourists along the Jersey Shore, those that are not as flashy do not receive the same aid. Some communities are apparently worth the effort, while others should just melt into the sea.

Within a year or two, Sea Breeze became a ghost town. My mother refused to sell her lot. Now it's just a piece of sand, but we go back a few times a year. Whenever we drive down the washed–out road, a sense of melancholic nostalgia laps over us. Pointing at empty lots of sand, my mom tells stories about the neighbors who used to live there. As she talks, I always think about the experiences that generations of my family lived through that I will never know. The crabs I will never trap. The card games I will never play. The greenhead bites that will never sting me. My own memories of Sea Breeze and the community are fading, slowly eroded by time.

So when my classmates talk about the future of our oceans, my mind is fixated on the past and present. While I want us to take action to protect our oceans, my optimism is fatigued by my own experiences with failed state policies. Rising sea levels may be a global phenomenon, but they have effects on local populations and cultures. By working with and listening to communities, we can build better policies and protect endangered neighborhoods. Although losing my family’s generational home has jaded me, the fight to protect coastal communities is not over. The tides continue to rise.

All comments eligible for publication in Daily Pennsylvanian, Inc. publications.


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Pit bikes. Trying to say those two words can evoke a wide range of emotions. For a few, it is the sound of the thundering two-stroke motor. For other people, it is the vibrating, teeth-holding, jolting ride and still, for other people, it is the racket and flying dirt that sets them off. 125cc pit bike for sale that you can have from us at 360 Power Sports is a unique sort of bike that embarrasses all others except if you plan on significant distance highway touring.

Despite your opinion of pit bikes, you presumably do not know close to as much about them as you might suspect. Here is a gander at some intriguing realities about pit bikes:

Pit Bikes Typically Have Small Engines

All right, before your cousin chose to begin a significant update and 'changed' your ride, the motor on pit bike is no bigger than 500cc. The point behind that is because dirt bike does not have the design for speed. The normal dirt bike has the purpose of rough terrain action and requires a lighter push from the motor as generally ridden in a landscape that is not particularly level or fun.

The Chain Saw May Have More Power Compared to A Dirt Bike

There are two fundamental sorts of pit bike motors. You have your two-stroke, and there is the four-stroke. With a four-stroke motor, you are going to consume much more oil than with a two-stroke. The tradeoff here is that with a two-stroke motor, you will be experiencing a similar measure of oil and gas, as they are required all the while in the two-stroke structure. Which is the better motor? That truly relies upon how you ride and what you anticipate.

Dirt Bikes Initiated In Britain

The British settled on BSA was the ride of the decision in the United States when dirt biking began to gain popularity during the 1950s and 1960s. Normally, at the time, there was nothing of the sort as the web and trending implied something different. Notwithstanding, the BSA kept on being famous, and it got a ton of folks off their butts and onto bike seats that were somewhat more energizing than cruising here and there the central avenue in Dad's burrowed Studebaker. It was additionally less expensive on gas.

The Japanese Waged a War They Effortlessly Won This Time Around

It was during the 1970s when Japanese bike creators surprised the world. It was not some time before most pit bikers had an apparatus that was stepped Honda, Kawasaki, Yamaha, or Suzuki. We speculate it was BSA riders who pursued the Japanese bike riders into the forested areas and unintentionally made Moto-X, however, we cannot confirm that. In any case, things being what they are sufficiently long, that hypothesis begins to sound somewhat more consistent than everything else we have heard to date.

That boisterous Kid down the Street will not be On a Regular Bike

There comes a period in every little youngster's life when peddling the ten or fifteen speeds no longer cuts it. That is when a father or an uncle will acquaint a Chinese dirt bike of 125cc with the condition. It is never a poorly conceived notion, notwithstanding, on the off chance that you are anticipating doing this, ensure you clarify that the dirt bike is a transitional arrangement of wheels. This can mean it is a stage before a genuine cruiser or – we do not begrudge you at all – a four-wheeled vehicle. The dirt bike ought to be transitory.

It is safe to Dirt Biking than Target Practice

Contingent upon the development level of your kid – and coincidentally, young women make truly magnificent pit bikers. You could be doing something worth being thankful for by giving over the keys of a dirt bike instead of the keys to the weapon cabinet. There are probably going to be some cleaned knees and a touch of street rash largely, however, those are anything but difficult to manage contrasted with clarifying why your kid utilized 201 rounds to obliterate a tree with an objective.

They Are version Of Motorcycles

By definition, a dirt bike is an off-road motorcycle. The contrast between the two stretches out past that, as a pit bike is tough and lightweight. This makes it simple for the rider to be around a wide range of snags you had never observed any self-regarding motorcyclist endeavor – even on a challenge. A dirt bike has solid suspension, unique tires to take into account the spine-jostling ride one would expect with bouncing over fallen logs, and debris on a bike made for that reason.

We at 360 Power Sports hope to serve you best by making it possible to have the best of pit bikes even during this period of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Flash Market And CITGO Petroleum Support Muscular Dystrophy Association

Flash Market And CITGO Petroleum Support Muscular Dystrophy Association

Local CITGO Marketer Sponsors Tenth Annual Passport to a Cure
Tuesday, September 23, 2014 - 10:00am

CAMPAIGN: Fueling Good

CONTENT: Press Release

Sept. 23, 2014 /3BL Media/ - Local CITGO Marketer Flash Market Inc. and CITGO Petroleum Corporation are teaming up to sponsor the tenth annual Passport to a Cure event to benefit the local chapter of the Muscular Dystrophy Association (MDA). On Dec. 4, guests are invited to participate in a reception, silent and live auctions and an “I Love NY”-themed dinner. The proceeds raised will support local clinics, care programs and support groups for children and adults coping with neuromuscular diseases and will send area children to the MDA summer camp.

"We love hosting this annual event and are excited about this year’s theme of ‘I Love NY’," said Faith Gonzales, director of business development at the MDA. "We owe the event’s success to our generous sponsors who offer so much support for this wonderful occasion. We invite any organization interested in becoming a part of this tradition to review the sponsorship program and join our MDA family. We have exciting prize packages to show our attendees how much we value their commitment to the MDA and look forward to an exciting event this September.”

Groups including Flash Market, Inc., CITGO Petroleum Corporation, and the Miss Arkansas Organization have signed on to sponsor the event. The auctions will feature a variety of items, including jewelry, trips, sports tickets and memorabilia and a chance to create a lifetime of memories by sending a child to MDA summer camp. The Passport to a Cure event will also include an art auction featuring artwork from patients suffering from neuromuscular diseases and MDA campers.

“We are always looking for ways to help the local community,” said Kevin Waller, operations manager at Flash Market. “The MDA is an organization with a wonderful mission. We are proud to be a part of this event and hope to offer our support for years to come.”

For more information on tickets or sponsorships, please contact Faith Gonzales, Director of Business Development at MDA, 501-227-7098.

MDA is a voluntary health agency working to defeat muscular dystrophy through programs of worldwide research, comprehensive services and far-reaching professional and public health education. CITGO is the largest corporate sponsor for MDA, raising more than $160 million over the past 27 years through its network of independent Marketers, employees and corporate contributions.

CITGO is committed to giving back to the local communities it serves through its network of locally owned locations. CITGO Marketers and Retailers in Arkansas, like Flash Market, own and operate more than 180 CITGO locations and are proud to support their communities. For more information on the positive impact of the locally owned CITGO stations, visit www.fuelinggood.com.

CITGO, based in Houston, is a refiner, transporter and marketer of transportation fuels, lubricants, petrochemicals and other industrial products. The company is owned by PDV America, Inc., an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A., the national oil company of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. For more information, visit CITGO.com.


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IR-News & Press

ESMA upgrades 3U share to higher liquidity band

  • Increased trading volume proves and promotes increasing investor interest

Marburg, 7 April 2021 - The share of 3U HOLDING AG (ISIN DE0005167902) has been upgraded from liquidity band 1 to liquidity band 2 (out of six possible) by the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) as part of its annual review.

In the price range between EUR 2.00 and EUR 5.00 in which the 3U share is currently traded, its tick size (smallest possible price increment in stock exchange trading) has thus been reduced from EUR 0.02 to EUR 0.01, effective 1 April 2021.

Thanks to this revaluation, higher liquidity, and further improved tradability of the 3U HOLDING AG share is being expected by market experts anticipating that this should further boost its attractiveness for investors.

In 2020, the trading volume in the 3U share increased significantly compared to 2019. On average, the turnover of the 3U share on the leading German stock exchanges and trading platforms was around EUR 94,000 per day. In 2019, turnover averaged around EUR 50,000 per day.

Further Information:
Dr Joachim Fleing
Investor Relations
Tel.: +49 6421 999-1200
Fax: +49 6421 999-1222

About 3U:
3U HOLDING AG ( has its headquarters in Marburg, Germany, and was founded in 1997. It is the operating management and investment holding company at the head of the 3U Group. It acquires, operates and sells companies in the three segments of ITC (Information and Telecommunications Technology), Renewable Energies and SHAC (Sanitary, Heating and Air Conditioning Technology). The 3U Group has successful and profitable business models based on megatrends in all three segments. It continues to expand its business activities dynamically, particularly in its strongest growth areas of cloud computing and online trading, in which it is striving to achieve leading positions in the market.

3U HOLDING AG’s shares are traded on XETRA, Tradegate and on the German regional stock exchanges (ISIN: DE0005167902; identifier: UUU).