text:
Varina Davis

First Lady of the Confederate States of America

varinadavisVarina Davis was the wife of Confederate President Jefferson Davis during the Civil War, and she lived at the Confederate White House in Richmond, Virginia during his term. After the war she became a writer, completing her husband's memoir, and writing articles and eventually a regular column for Joseph Pulitzer's newspaper, the New York World.

Image: Varina Davis in 1849
By John Wood Dodge

Varina Howell was born on May 7, 1826, at The Briars near Natchez, Mississippi, where her parents, William Burr Howell and Margaret L. Kempe, were visiting relatives. Her father, who fought in the War of 1812, settled in Natchez and married Kempe, a Virginia native whose father was Irish immigrant Joseph Kempe, who became wealthy through land speculation and planting in Mississippi and Louisiana.

William Burr Howell was from a distinguished family in New Jersey, and a relative of Aaron Burr and Jonathan Edwards. Howell was at times a planter, a merchant, a politician and a banker but long-term financial success eluded him. He lost the majority of his wife Margaret's sizable inheritance through bad investments, and his family, which would eventually include eleven children (eight of whom lived to adulthood) was frequently plagued by serious financial problems.

Jefferson Davis was born on June 3, 1808, the youngest of the 10 children of Samuel Emory Davis and Jane Cook Davis. During Davis's youth, the family moved twice; in 1811 to St. Mary Parish, Louisiana, and in 1812 to Wilkinson County, Mississippi.

In 1813, Davis began his education at the Wilkinson Academy, near the family plantation in the small town of Woodville. Two years later, Davis entered the Catholic school of Saint Thomas at St. Rose Priory, the only Protestant student there. He went on to Jefferson College in Mississippi, and to Transylvania University at Lexington, Kentucky. In 1824, Davis entered the United States Military Academy at West Point.

Varina Howell grew up happy and carefree at The Briars she would later claim in her memoirs. At a very young age, she developed an interest in reading—especially newspapers. She never tired of exploring the dry bayous near the river or playing in the lavish forest surrounding her home. Neighbors and family members often called her a tomboy for the daring feats she performed. Whether she was rolling down a steep canyon or turning somersaults on rough terrain, fear was an emotion she seldom expressed.

William Howell was for many years a successful merchant until he went bankrupt late in the 1830s. When Varina was a child, the family home and furnishings were seized by creditors and were redeemed only through the intervention of Margaret Howell's wealthy relatives. Varina nevertheless received an excellent education, attending a boarding school in Philadelphia during her teens. While she was in school, she developed a lifelong fondness for her Northern relatives.

When she returned to Natchez, Varina Howell had few marriage prospects. Her father was unable to provide a dowry, and she was better educated than most women of her generation. By the standards of the mid-nineteenth century, she was not attractive—tall and thin, with the olive complexion of her Welsh ancestors.

In 1843, at age 17, Varina met Jefferson Davis at a Christmas party and quickly fell in love with him. He was a handsome thirty-five-year-old widower and a wealthy plantation owner. He also had developed a reputation as a recluse since the death of his wife Sarah Knox Taylor in 1835. Davis, then contemplating a career in politics, was a Democrat, while Varina shared the Whig views of her family.

In spite of their differences, Varina was attracted to the older man, writing her mother shortly after their first meeting that:

I do not know whether this Mr. Jefferson Davis is young or old. He looks both at times; but I believe he is old, for from what I hear he is only two years younger than you are. He impresses me as a remarkable kind of man, but of uncertain temper, and has a way of taking for granted that everybody agrees with him when he expresses an opinion, which offends me; yet he is most agreeable and has a peculiarly sweet voice and a winning manner of asserting himself. The fact is, he is the kind of person I should expect to rescue one from a mad dog at any risk, but to insist upon a stoical indifference to the fright afterward.

Jefferson was oblivious to any attraction Varina felt for him until the evening she entertained everyone with her reading at Hurricane Plantation, the home of Jefferson Davis' older brother Joseph, where Varina was visiting for the Christmas holidays. When she'd mastered the foreign phrases of the text, it was then something in Jefferson was moved. When that evening came to a close, Jefferson commented to his brother of her beauty and fine mind.

The ensuing days were filled with shared walks or horseback rides when the two would explore the green groves of moss-draped magnolias, oaks and cottonwoods. And just as the relationship began to blossom, Varina received a disappointing message from her parents calling for her to return home. Even the members of the Hurricane household were disappointed—everyone could clearly see the love that was growing between Jefferson and Varina.

In keeping with custom, Davis sought the permission of Varina's parents before beginning a formal courtship. Margaret Kempe Howell initially strongly disapproved of the relationship due to the differences in the pair and what she perceived as Davis' excessive devotion to his living relatives and to the memory of his first wife, but the Howells ultimately consented.

They became engaged soon after and from their surviving correspondence it is known that the wedding was set for Christmas of 1844, but was cancelled and the engagement broken shortly before, though the reasons are unknown. Soon after Varina became sick with fever. Davis proposed again.

photograph of Jefferson and Varina Davis at their weddingImage: Wedding Photograph
Jefferson was 36; Varina was 19.

Marriage and Family
On February 26, 1845, Varina Howell married Jefferson Davis at The Briars, the home of her parents, with only her parents and a very few friends in attendance. None of the groom's family was present.

Jefferson and Varina Howell Davis would have six children:
Samuel Emory Davis (July 30, 1852 - June 13, 1854_
Margaret Howell Davis (February 25, 1855 - July 18, 1909)
Jefferson Davis, Jr. (January 16, 1857 - October 16, 1878)
Joseph Evan Davis (April 18, 1859 - April 30, 1864)
William Howell Davis (December 6, 1861 - October 16, 1872)
Varina Anne "Winnie" Davis (June 27, 1864 - September 18, 1898)

When Jefferson took Varina to his sister's home Locust Grove, Louisiana - where his first wife had died - Varina expressed no jealousy or resentment when she learned the details of his first wife's death, but instead offered compassion and understanding to Jefferson. She wrote in her memoirs, "We carried flowers to her grave in the family burying-ground down by the garden before we left."

The newlyweds took up residence with Jefferson's brother Joseph at Hurricane until a suitable house could be built for them on the large tract of land Joseph had given to his youngest brother. Davis christened the home Brierfield, and it housed not only himself and his bride but his widowed sister and her seven children, a situation not relished by Varina.

Varina soon realized that Jefferson had conventional attitudes about gender, and he expected his wife to submit to his wishes. She also discovered that he revered the memory of his first spouse, Sarah Knox Taylor, who had died shortly after they were married - she was the daughter of U.S. President Zachary Taylor, who had disapproved of the couple's marriage.)

The marriage was often contentious in its early years due to personality conflicts and to problems with their families. Varina considered Jefferson's family, particularly his wealthy and patriarchal brother Joseph, as controlling of her husband, while the constant financial demands of Varina's family (her father frequently sought appointed positions from his son-in-law and Jefferson and Varina virtually raised the Howells' younger children) created embarrassment and resentment.

In 1846, the Mexican-American War began, and Davis resigned his house seat in June and raised a volunteer regiment, the Mississippi Rifles, becoming its colonel. On July 21, 1846, they sailed from New Orleans for the Texas coast. Davis participated in the successful siege of Monterrey, and at the Battle of Buena Vista, where he was shot in the foot.

After seven childless years, Varina Davis gave birth to a son named Samuel Emory Davis in July 1852. Her letters from this period reflect her happiness and portray Davis as an exceptionally doting father. They were devastated when Samuel died in infancy, but in the 1850s and 1860s, Varina gave birth to five more children, all of whom she adored.

Varina also enjoyed being rich. Her husband's fortune paid for a nice home, nice clothing, and a nice carriage. Her political views were more moderate than those of her husband. She once remarked that slaves were "human beings with their frailties," while Jefferson Davis publicly compared slaves to animals. She maintained friendships with people from both political parties, even as he became more aggressively pro-slavery and more partisan in the 1850s.

home of Jefferson and Varina DavisImage: Brierfield, the Davises' first home
Davis Bend, Mississippi

Life in Politics
In 1844, Jefferson Davis enjoyed his first political success, when he was elected to the United States House of Representatives, taking office on March 4, 1845, only days after marrying Varina. The couple were welcomed when Davis reported to Congress in Washington, DC. They first found lodging in a hotel where they socialized with the Washington elite, then settled in a remote boarding house on Pennsylvania Avenue.

Varina, who had felt extremely isolated on the Davis plantation, loved the vibrant social life of the capital city. An accomplished hostess and lively conversationalist with a strong interest in politics, she adjusted well to life as the wife of a politician in Washington. She was also close enough to regularly visit her extended family in New Jersey and Pennsylvania.

Varina soon established herself as a popular hostess and party guest, constantly attending and hosting parties whenever Congress was in session. Civil War diarist Mary Boykin Chestnut, wrote that it was during this time that Varina began developing an intellectualism, wit and repartee that would distinguish her throughout her life.

The governor of Mississippi appointed Davis to fill out the term of the late Jesse Speight in the U.S. Senate, and Davis took his seat December 5, 1847. The senate made Davis chairman of the Committee on Military Affairs. When his term expired, he was elected to the same seat. He had not served a year when he resigned (in September 1851) to run for the governorship of Mississippi, but his bid was unsuccessful.

Left without political office, Davis continued his political activity. He took part in a convention on states' rights held at Jackson, Mississippi, in January 1852. In the weeks leading up to the election of 1852, he campaigned in numerous Southern states for Democratic candidate Franklin Pierce.

Franklin Pierce won the presidential election, and in 1853 made Davis his Secretary of War. Four years later, Pierce lost the Democratic nomination to James Buchanan. Davis' term was to end with Pierce's, so he ran for and was again elected to the U.S. Senate. He took his seat on March 4, 1857.

Then came the secession crisis. As Davis explained in his memoir, The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government, he believed that each state was sovereign and had an unquestionable right to secede from the Union, but he counseled delay among his fellow Southerners, because he did not think that the North would permit the peaceable exercise of the right to secession.

Having served as secretary of war, Davis also knew that the South lacked the military resources necessary to defend itself if war were to break out. Following the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860, however, events accelerated. South Carolina adopted an ordinance of secession on December 20, 1860, and Mississippi did so on January 9, 1861. As soon as Davis received official notification of that fact, he delivered a farewell address to the Senate, resigned and returned to Mississippi.

First Lady of the Confederacy
Dressed in a black broadcloth suit with a stiff white shirt and black satin waistcoat, Jefferson Davis addressed the United States Senate for the last time in January 1861, after Mississippi seceded from the Union. Some say he wept after delivering this speech—regardless, he received an ovation and thunderous applause when he was done. Varina was depressed and sad to the leave Washington, DC, having spent most of the first fifteen years of her marriage there.

The Davis family that now included six-year-old Margaret, four-year-old Jefferson, and two-year-old Joseph returned to the family plantation at Brierfield. They were no sooner settled in than the call came for Jefferson to report to Montgomery, Alabama, and accept the nomination for President of the Provisional Government of the Confederates States of America. Varina confided to her mother that the South did not have the resources to win the war, but she had to do her duty.

In summer 1861, the Davises moved to Richmond, Virginia, the new capital of the Confederacy, and lived in the Confederate White House there. At only 35 years of age, Varina Howell Davis assumed official duties as the First Lady of the Confederacy, and began hosting social events. She followed Washington etiquette, holding open receptions for dozens of people as well as small dinner parties, and she dressed in tasteful, conservative clothes.

Varina, who was expecting her fourth child, renewed her friendship with Mary Boykin Chestnut. The two became inseparable, and Mary wrote candidly in her diary of her daily interactions with Varina. Mary's observations of Varina included the First Lady's disregard for her wardrobe, unlike her Northern counterpart Mary Todd Lincoln. Chesnut also made notations that Varina was skilled in managing her time, easily directing the servants, taking care of her children, visiting the hospitals, and making herself available if her husband needed to talk.

Varina enjoyed much public support and adulation for the first year of the Confederacy, but in many ways she was her own worst enemy. Her remarks about her Northern friends and relatives made her unpopular, and her political loyalties were suspect from the beginning. Her conversation, filled with literary references, baffled some of her peers. Her olive complexion was considered unattractive, and some white Richmonders compared her to a mulatto or an Indian squaw.

During the second year of the war, as living conditions in Richmond deteriorated and supplies became scarce, people began to criticize Varina. Some said she was insensitive to the hardships endured by the city's residents because she entertained at the Presidential mansion; others complained that she did not entertain lavishly enough. There were those who accused her of being uncouth and domineering, and having far too much influence over the President.

Despite the criticism, Varina continued in her support of the troops. She had relatives in both armies, and she visited Northern and Southern wounded in Richmond hospitals. She knitted countless articles of clothing for soldiers, donated rugs for blankets and made shoes of the scraps. She spent hours visiting soldiers in the hospitals, although she did not serve as a volunteer nurse at the request of her husband.

As Jefferson Davis began to feel the immense pressures of his position, an interesting shift took place between the couple. In the beginning of their marriage, Varina's health deteriorated at the onset of emotional distress; during the presidential years, Jefferson was frequently ill. He became thin, pale and haggard-looking. The press went so far as to report that he was near death. Varina took charge of canceling and rescheduling appointments and served as a liaison between him and his cabinet members until he was well enough to resume his post.

Between 1863 and 1864 was a mournful year for Varina Davis, but the deepest blow was the death of her son Joseph, who broke his neck in a fall from a balcony at the Confederate executive mansion on April 30, 1864. Varina wrote of his death in her memoirs:

I left my children quite well, playing in my room, and had just uncovered my basket in [Jefferson's] office when a servant came in for me. The most beautiful and brightest of my children, Joseph Emory, had in play climbed over the connecting angle of the banister and fallen to the brick pavement below. He died a few minutes after we reached his side.

On June 27, 1864, Varina gave birth to their last child, a girl named after herself - Varina Howell Davis - but nicknamed Winnie. An adorable child at a time when the war was not going well, Winnie Davis became known as the Daughter of the Confederacy, and tales and likenesses of her were distributed throughout the Confederacy. She would retain the nickname for the rest of her life.

The child-bearing years had now taken a toll on Varina's body - six children in twelve years. At the age of 37, she began to suffer heart ailments. Yet she overlooked her own health to continue to take care of her children and her husband.

Flight from Richmond
As the war raged on, Varina was more accepting of the Confederacy's defeat than her husband, who simply refused to yield. She began selling off her valuables such as silk, lace, gloves, books, china, and silver. She also began to prepare her family for flight.

When Jefferson was finally ready to acknowledge a possible defeat, Varina wrote:

Darkness seemed now to close swiftly over the Confederacy, and about a week before the evacuation of Richmond, Mr. Davis came to me and gently, but decidedly, announced the necessity for our departure. He said for the future his headquarters must be in the field, and that our presence would only embarrass and grieve, instead of comforting him.

Very averse to flight, and unwilling at all times to leave him, I argued the question with him and pleaded to be permitted to remain, until he said: "I have confidence in your capacity to take care of our babies, and understand your desire to assist and comfort me, but you can do this in but one way, and that is by going yourself and taking our children to a place of safety." He was very much affected and said, "If I live you can come to me when the struggle is ended, but I do not expect to survive the destruction of constitutional liberty."

The last week of March 1865, against her wishes, Varina and her children left by train and headed for Charlotte, North Carolina. Once there, she rented a house and waited daily for word from her husband. Richmond quickly fell and when Abraham Lincoln made his way into that city, he visited the Confederate Executive Mansion and sat at the desk of Jefferson Davis.

photo of the children of Jefferson and Varina Davis while they were in exile in CanadaImage: Davis Children in 1866
This photograph of the Davis children was taken while they were in exile in Canada. From left to right: Jefferson, Jr., Maggie, Winnie and Billy.

After hearing of General Lee's surrender, Varina once again boarded a train with her children and headed for protection deeper into the South. Feeling vulnerable to capture on a train, she changed their method of transportation to wagons. For weeks, Jefferson tried to catch up with his wife, sometimes entering a town just hours after she had departed.

Finally, outside a town called Milledgeville, Georgia, Jefferson was able to overtake the wagon train, and he and Varina were reunited. Jefferson continued to travel with the wagons as much as possible. At times he would ride independently of them and send word back with the location of where they would encounter enemy troops. On May 9, 1865, Jefferson dared to spend the evening with his wife, and the following morning was awakened with news of raiders in the area. After a closer inspection, he noted that it was Union cavalry on their way—not raiders.

There are several accounts of what happened next, but this is Varina's account:

Knowing [Jefferson] would be recognized, I pled with him to let me throw over him a large waterproof which had often served him in sickness during the summer season for a dressing gown, and which I hoped might so cover his person that in the grey of the morning he would not be recognized. As he strode off, I threw over his head a little black shawl which was round my own shoulders, seeing that he could to find his hat and after he started sent my colored woman after him with a bucket of water, hoping that he would pass unobserved.

The press wasn't convinced of Varina's account and relentlessly exploited Jefferson's attempt to escape with cartoons of him dressed in petticoats.

On May 19, 1865, Davis was imprisoned at Fortress Monroe, on the coast of Virginia. He was placed in irons for three days. Davis was indicted for treason a year later. While in prison, Davis arranged to sell his Mississippi estate to one of his former slaves, Ben Montgomery.

Varina and her children were taken to a Savannah hotel and had a guard posted at their door. She was forbidden to leave the city or communicate by letter with her husband, officials, or friends. Although residents of that town welcomed her and provided her with necessities, Varina faced the darkest period of her life without her husband.

Varina complained of being a virtual prisoner. While she rarely ventured out, the children did. The soldiers and Union supporters treated the children cruelly. Fearing for their safety, Varina sent her older children to Montreal, Canada, with her mother, keeping Winnie with her.

Initially forbidden to have any contact with her husband, Varina worked tirelessly to raise awareness of what she perceived as his unjust incarceration. She spent four months petitioning key figures to allow her husband and her to communicate. Finally, on September 4, 1865, her efforts were rewarded when she finally received a letter from Jefferson.

From that day on, she carried Jefferson's letters in the bosom of her dress. The two were now permitted to communicate, but only about family matters, and all letters written by Jefferson were to be submitted to the Attorney General before being sent on to Varina.

In the spring of 1866, Varina was granted permission to visit her children in Montreal. While there, she received a distressing message that Jefferson was near death. She quickly wrote a letter to President Andrew Johnson begging for permission to see her husband.

He acquiesced and in May 1866, Varina and Jefferson were reunited at Fortress Monroe. She and their infant daughter Winnie were allowed to join him in his prison cell. Varina was frightened by his condition; he was thin, his eyes glassy, "his cheekbones stood out like those of a skeleton."

Livid over his living conditions—that included a bucket for water and a bed infested with lice—she once again went on a letter-writing campaign. Public sentiment turned towards Davis after the publication of several articles and a book on his confinement - writings that Davis himself said were much exaggerated. He was eventually moved to a more comfortable apartment in the officers' quarters of the fort.

On May 1867, Jefferson Davis was released on bail of $100,000, which was posted by prominent citizens of both Northern and Southern states, including Horace Greeley, Cornelius Vanderbilt and Gerrit Smith. In December 1868, the court rejected a motion to nullify the indictment, but the prosecution dropped the case in February 1869.

photograph of Jefferson and Varine Davis after his release from prisonImage: Jefferson and Varina Davis
Photograph taken just after his release from prison in May 1867.
Davis is a shadow of his former self.

Although he was never tried for treason, Davis lost his home in Mississippi (Brierfield), most of his wealth, and his U.S. citizenship. However, he refused to request a pardon or the restoration of his citizenship.

The Davis family traveled constantly in Europe and Canada as Davis sought employment that would rebuild his fortune. While visiting their daughters who were enrolled in boarding schools in Europe, Jefferson received a commission as an agent for an English consortium seeking to purchase cotton from the southern United States, but the business collapsed, so Davis returned to the United States.

Varina remained in England to visit her sister who had recently moved there, but remained several months rather than the few days expected.

In 1869 Davis became president of the Carolina Life Insurance Company headquartered in Memphis, Tennessee, and the family resumed a life of some financial comfort until 1873, when the company went bankrupt due to market fluctuation and debt load.

The family was also saddened by the death of their son William from typhoid on October 16, 1872.

Davis was elected to the U.S. Senate but could not serve under the terms of Section Three of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which forbade politicians sworn in before the war who then joined the Confederacy from serving again in public office after the war.

Through the 1870s and 1880s, Jefferson Davis was asked to make public appearances at soldiers' reunions, monument dedications, and state fairs. When his youngest daughter Winnie reached her twenties, she began making public appearances with her father.

Varina grew very resentful of Jefferson's attention to other women. Davis fell in love with Virginia Clay, wife of his friend and a former Confederate official, Clement Clay. Davis wrote passionate letters to her for three years, and in 1871 after he was discovered on a train with an unidentified woman (possibly Clay), the story appeared in newspapers all over the United States.

The legal system made divorce very difficult, however, and divorce had such a stigma that neither of the Davises discussed it in writing. But for several years, they lived apart far more than they lived together.

In 1877, Jefferson Davis accepted an invitation to visit Sarah Dorsey, a widowed heiress who owned a home near Biloxi, Mississippi, named Beauvoir. Mrs. Dorsey was the former Sarah Ellis, whom Varina had known in school, and she asked Varina to join them, but her letters to Jefferson during this time make it very clear that she found his relationship with the widow inappropriate.

Varina moved into the home of their married oldest daughter in Memphis, and a very gradual reconciliation with her husband began. Varina was with him when their last surviving son, Jefferson Davis, Jr., died during a yellow fever epidemic in Memphis in 1878, and ultimately became friends with Mrs. Dorsey during her grieving process.

In 1878, Davis began writing his two-volume memoir, The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government, while at Beauvoir. After three years, the book was complete and although it did not do well in sales, Jefferson brushed that fact aside and said that he had not undertaken writing it for profit, but instead for the purpose of "setting the righteous motives of the South before the world."

Jefferson Davis' reputation in the South was restored by the book and by his warm reception on his tour of the region in 1886 and 1887. In numerous stops he attended "Lost Cause' ceremonies, where large crowds showered him with affection and local leaders presented emotional speeches honoring his sacrifices to the would-be nation.

Sarah Dorsey sold Beauvoir to the Davises in 1878. When she died the following year, she left them free title to much of the remainder of her estate, a move that left them less than wealthy but with enough financial security to enjoy some comfort in the final years of their marriage. They were joined by their daughter Winnie upon completion of her education and remained at Beauvoir for several years.

While they lived at Beauvoir, the Davises had little privacy. Dozens of people arrived every year to meet Jefferson Davis—veterans, newspaper reporters, curious strangers—and some of them wanted to talk to Varina Davis, too. She was a gracious hostess, but she admitted to a friend that she tired of the throng of visitors.

Jefferson Davis completed A Short History of the Confederate States of America in October 1889. Soon thereafter, Jefferson became ill with what doctors diagnosed as acute bronchitis, complicated by malaria. He lingered near death for days; Varina never left his side. She held his hand and comforted him. A few times he seemed to revive and Varina thought all would be well. When she attempted to give him his medicine for the last time, he simply uttered, "Pray, excuse me," and turned away from her.

On December 6, 1889, Jefferson Davis died in New Orleans at the age of 81. He died so quietly that those around him were uncertain exactly when the passing took place. His funeral was one of the largest ever staged in the South, and included a continuous cortège, day and night, from New Orleans to Richmond. As news of his death circulated, Varina was inundated with cards and letters from all over the world.

After her husband's death, Varina Davis bequeathed Beauvoir to the state of Mississippi, stipulating in the agreement that Beauvoir was be used as a home for Confederate veterans and widows and be preserved as "a perpetual memorial sacred to the memory of Jefferson Davis" and the Confederate cause.

She wrote her own memoirs of her husband, Jefferson Davis: A Memoir by His Wife (1890). The book sold poorly due to problems with the publisher.

With little income and poor health, Varina moved to New York City in 1890 with her daughter Winnie. Varina had always preferred urban life to country living, and she also enjoyed opera, theater, concerts, and the excitement of a large city. The widow Davis lived in Gotham for the rest of her life.

Varina supported herself by writing articles for Joseph Pulitzer's New York World, while Winnie published several moderately successful novels. Mother and daughter led a middle-class lifestyle, residing in apartment-hotels in Manhattan, receiving Northern relatives, and making new friends from all sections and all social backgrounds.

Varina also became an advocate of regional reconciliation, attended reunions of veterans from both armies, and was a member of both the Daughters of the American Revolution and the United Daughters of the Confederacy.

Varina met Julia Dent Grant, the widow of Union general and U.S. president Ulyssis S. Grant, who was among the most hated men in the south. The two women met by accident in 1893 at a resort on the Hudson River, and became friends. They had a good deal in common and genuinely liked each other. Their friendship was celebrated in much of the national press, although it was ignored by conservative white southerners.

When Winnie Davis died of a fever in 1898, the greatest tragedy of her later years, Varina again received sympathy messages from citizens all over the country. She also received calls to return to the South but declined.

In 1901, she met the African American leader Booker T. Washington in New York, and they had a brief conversation. Shaking hands with an African-American male as if he were an equal was seen as socially unacceptable for both parties to conservative southerners.

The same year, Varina proclaimed in an article in the New York World that God "in His wisdom" had allowed the North to prevail and the United States to survive. She was also far less sentimental towards the antebellum way of life than most apologists for the Confederacy were in the last years of the 19th century.

In many ways, Varina Howell Davis was happier in New York City than she had ever been in Mississippi. She enjoyed her old age in the big city, hosting visitors in her apartment overlooking Central Park, writing letters, reading books, going to the theater, and taking a daily ride in her carriage.

Varina continued to write for the newspaper and to appear socially until poor health forced her retirement from work and any public life in her final years.

In October 1906, she contracted pneumonia. She whispered to her daughter Margaret, "My darling child, I am going to die this time but I'll try to be brave about it. Don't you wear black. It is bad for your health and will depress your husband."

Varina Howell Davis died in New York City on October 16, 1906, at the age of 80. A company of artillery from Governor's Island escorted her funeral procession through the streets of the city, and the New York Camp of the United Confederate Veterans joined the procession.

On October 19, 1906, in Richmond, thousands lined the streets that led to Saint Paul's Church. The First Lady of the Confederacy was laid to rest beside her husband at Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond.

photograph of the graves of Jefferson and Varina Davis and their daughter WinnieImage: Davis Grave Monuments
Varina's in left foreground, then Jefferson's,
and Winnie's in the distance
Hollywood Cemetery
Richmond, Virginia

In October 1978, Congress and President Jimmy Carter posthumously restored Jefferson Davis' American citizenship.

On August 29, 2005, Beauvoir, which housed the Jefferson Davis Library, was nearly destroyed when it took the full brunt of wind and water damage from Hurricane Katrina. The home was restored and reopened on June 3, 2008.

Wikipedia: Varina Davis
Wikipedia: Jefferson Davis
Civil War Home: Varina Howell Davis
Encyclopedia Virginia: Varina Howell Davis
The Life of Varina Howell Davis: First Lady of the Confederacy

  1. Leslie Rodrigue

    They adopted my Great Great Grandmother at five years old. We have letters to show it. Her name was Margaret Elizabeth Tillman. They called her Bettie ... She then married Henry Hooks, and had children.

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3733 Sue Ker Dr

Harvey 6/27-6/28 7 a.m.-4 p.m. Send Save
EVERYTHING MUST GO!!!!*SUNDAY SPECIAL*  1/2 OFF EVERYTHING!!! NO REASONABLE OFFER REFUSED. EVERYTHING MUST GO!!! Located 3733 Sue Ker Dr. Harvey Sunday 6/28     (7am-4pm)     ·     Items for saleFurniture, Dining room sets, Dressers. Mirrors, Sofa, twin beds ·     Nickel bricks, Clothes Shoes Men Women and children’s Handbags/purses,  Bikes, Televisions, printers, Flowers Arrangements, curtains, lamps, picture, frames, toys, costume jewelry, wedding dress, Small refrigerator, baby items supplies, beauty supplies, curlers with stove, exercise equipment, pressure washers, lawn mower, and mo. Contact&nbs...
Published on NOLA.com 6/26. Updated 6/28.

11 Platt Dr

Add to Driving Tour
Kenner 6/12 6/13 Send Save Map
Garage Sale 11 Platt Dr. Fri 6/12 & Sat. 6/13 8a-5pm Sun. 6/14 9a-2p Misc. Items, Children items, Clothing. & Lot of Great Things!!
Published in The Times-Picayune 6/9. Updated 6/13.

648 Cameron Court

Kenner 7/3 & 7/4 8:30-3:00 & 7/5 7:30-1:00 Send Save
648 Cameron Court, KennerFriday 8:30am-3:00pm; Saturday 8:30am-3:00pm and Sunday 8:30am-1:00pmBikes, Dining Room Table & Chairs, Full Size Pillow Top Mattress & Box Spring, Bella Juicer, Toys, Games, Clothes, Shoes, Handicap Items, Household items and more!
Published in The Times-Picayune 6/30. Updated 6/30.

915 Agnes Street

Mandeville 07/05/15 7:00 a.m. Send Save
- July 5, 2015915 Agnes Street, Mandeville, La  70448   7 am til 11 am .  NO EARLYBIRDS
Published on NOLA.com 6/30. Updated 6/30.

269 Oak Lane

Mandeville 7A-11A Send Save
GARAGE SALE!!!! Saturday July 4th 7AM-11AM 269 Oak Lane Mandeville (Lewisburg Subdivision) 1950's Singer sewing machine (working Cond.), 8 x10 wool rug (predominantly teal), & Misc. indoor/outdoor Items, artwork, books, vases, clay pots, etc!!
Published in The Times-Picayune 7/1. Updated 7/3.

5613 Randolph Street Marrero LA

Marrero July 4th & 5th from 9 AM to 12 Noon Send Save
Garage Sale Saturday, July 4th and 5th from 9 AM to 12 Noon, located at 5613 Randolph Street, Marrero at the corner of James and Randolph Street. No Early Birds.
Published on NOLA.com 7/2. Updated 7/2.

1320 N. Starrett Rd.

Metairie July 4th 8 - 4 Send Save
Check it out! July 4th yard sale featuring baby items, furniture, kitchen and home goods. Located between West Metairie and West Napoleon near Delta playground.
Published on NOLA.com 7/2. Updated 7/2.

4055 south inwood ave

New Orleans July 5, 2015 from 5pm-7:30pm Send Save
Published on NOLA.com 6/29. Updated 6/29.


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Issue Date: November 2010 Issue

Rant: Diners Are America

Alex Ash
We take our diner culture for granted. The tile floors, paper place mats and big booths too often get discounted as cheesy or boring. Au contraire. It just took moving to Paris and working eight months at a diner called Breakfast in America for me to realize this. Diners are raw. They refuse to hide the work that goes into them. We rolled silverware in paper napkins and washed glasses in front of customers. We shouted out milkshake orders across the dining room and took part in the occasional sing-a-long to Michael Jackson or Queen. These things were not scripted to create the right ambience. They happened because we worked at an American diner, even if it was in Europe. Diners represent the essence of Americans. We're as loud and as cheerful as the music on the jukebox and as hearty as the portions on the plate. There was always a line of people waiting to pack our inviting red booths, enjoy bottomless cups of coffee and relax. There's a je ne sais quoi in comfort created without even trying. American diners are not fancy, but they are real — that's something that translates effortlessly.

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July 2015 Courtesy of the Cardinal Stritch University Alumni Association
Dear Joel,
University News
Alumna Kelly Dries named dean of Ruth S. Coleman College of Nursing
Kelly Dries, an accomplished educator with close to 20 years of experience in nursing and administration, has been named dean of Cardinal Stritch University’s Ruth S. Coleman College of Nursing.

Dries, who has most recently served as an associate dean in the School of Health Sciences at Milwaukee Area Technical College since 2009, has a wealth of experience in the development and maintenance of curricula, courses, and formal learning opportunities using various learning platforms.

Dries has long been connected to Stritch as both an alumna and adjunct faculty member. She earned her master of science in nursing degree from Stritch in 2003, and is presently pursuing her doctorate in Leadership for the Advancement of Learning and Service in Higher Education from Stritch, with an anticipated completion date in 2014.

Read more.

400 students graduate as part of Stritch’s 75th anniversary class

As part of Stritch’s spring 2012 commencement weekend May 19-20, a graduate ceremony and an undergraduate ceremony took place at the Frontier Airlines Center in downtown Milwaukee.

View a photo gallery of these ceremonies or read more about graduate ceremony speakers Dr. Molly Shiffler and Ann Vogel, undergraduate ceremony speakers Sara Bayer and Zara Nehls, and honorary degree recipients Rich Panella and Rossella Vasta, as well as the text of their respective addresses.

Stritch's Minnesota region held its commencement celebration on Sunday, June 3. More than 35 graduates received degrees at the ceremony held at St. Catherine University in Saint Paul, Minn.

New 75th Anniversary items added to the Bookstore
Show your Stritch pride! Be sure to stop by the bookstore or check out the online selection for the latest in Stritch gear, including new 75th anniversary merchandise.

Annual Fund News
Help support our Faces of Stritch campaign!

These are the FACES of Stritch past, present and future. For 75 years, Stritch has maintained its commitment to being an agent of change and growth. Stritch graduates have, in unique and often powerful ways, been agents of transformation in the communities where they live and work.

Read their stories here.

Your support through a gift to the Annual Fund helps nurture new faces and new opportunities for transformation.

Our fiscal year ends July 31 - help us reach our goal as we close our
spring campaign

Stritch Stories
Call for submissions
What’s your Stritch story? Do you have a special story or memory that you’d like to share and possibly have included in a future issue of the Alumni E-news? Submit your story to alumni@stritch.edu.

Faculty/Staff News
Sarah Blake, assistant director of undergraduate admissions, was awarded the Admission Professional of the Year award by the Wisconsin Association for College Admission Counseling. The award honors college/university admission professionals who exemplify excellence and dedication to serving the needs of students in the transition from high school to college.

Kou Vang, University creative director, contributed a chapter, “Making the Invisible Visible: Confronting the Complexities of Identity, Family and Culture through Art” in "Hmong and American: From Refugees to Citizens” (Minnesota Historical Society Press), edited by Mary Louise Buley-Meissner and Vincent K. Her. The book is an engaging series of essays featuring leading scholars, educators, artists, and community activists exploring themes of history, culture, gender, class, family, and sexual orientation, telling their own stories of developing complex identities and navigating the multicultural America of today. The book can be purchased here.

For more recent achievements of Stritch faculty and staff, click here.

Athletic News
Second annual Wolf Pack Open a success
Photo courtesy of Greg Daggett

The second annual Wolf Pack Open golf tournament benefitting Stritch Athletics was held on Sunday, June 3 at Ironwood Gold Course in Sussex, Wis.

This year's golf outing saw continued success as about 150 golfers enjoyed 18 holes of golf, and were a part of several raffles and contests throughout the day. Special thanks to major sponsors, Gregory Frost, '81 and Emile Banks, '81. Mark your calendar for the third annual outing to be held June 2, 2013.

Click here for a photo gallery from this year's event.

Upcoming University and Alumni Events:
Arts Events:

June 8-24 | Contemporary Sculpture Exhibition | Northwestern Mutual Art Gallery

July 20- Aug. 12 | MARN Mentors Exhibition | Northwestern Mutual Art Gallery

July 27 | Gallery Night | Northwestern Mutual Art Gallery | 5-8 p.m.

University and Alumni Events:

June 23 -24 | Jubilarian Reunion Weekend |

June 23 | Stritch Uncorked: President's Winemaker's Dinner | 4 p.m. | Main Campus

July 26 | St. Ben's Run/Walk to German Fest | 7 p.m. | Summerfest grounds, North gate

Aug. 9 | "The Bully, The Bullied, and the Bystander" workshop with Barbara Coloroso | 9:30 a.m.- 4 p.m. | Sister Camille Kliebhan Conference Center

Check out our newly refreshed Facebook page!

Find Stritch online at:

Alumni News
Transition of leadership on Alumni Board

At the May 23 Alumni Association Board of Directors meeting, president elect Phyllis Schaefer, ’91 ’93 ’95 ’04 was voted in as acting board president, replacing Joan Whitman, ’87 who stepped down for medical reasons.

Schaefer (pictured above) has been an active member and proven leader since joining the board in 2005. Whitman will continue serving on the board as past president through the end of the 2013 term.

The Alumni Association thanks Whitman for her dedication and leadership while serving as board president since January 2011 and looks forward to her continued involvement with the board.

Alumni Association helps sponsor special commencement reception

The Alumni Association was proud to help sponsor the first ever President’s Champagne reception held commencement weekend on Saturday, May 19 following the Baccalaureate mass.

Graduates had the opportunity to celebrate with family and friends, mingle with faculty and University President Dr. James P. Loftus, write special congratulatory messages to classmates, and have their photos taken with Dr. Loftus.

Additional photos from the reception can be viewed here.

Alumni invited to join Dr. Loftus and Stritch team for St. Ben’s Run/Walk on July 26

As part of the University’s 75th anniversary celebration, Stritch will once again partner with St. Ben’s for their Run/Walk for the hungry, taking place Thursday, July 26 on the Summerfest grounds (run/walk starts at 7 p.m.).

As part of our “Stritch Serves” volunteer initiative, you can participate by joining the Stritch team for the 5k run or the 2-mile walk. Not only will you be supporting a wonderful ministry, but every participant receives a commemorative T-shirt and Stritch sweat band, free admission into Germanfest, a $5 food/drink coupon, and 2-for-1 coupon to return to Germanfest. Plus, you can enter the hours online you spent participating for “Stritch Serves.”

To register for the Stritch team, click here. To find out more information about St. Ben’s and the walk, visit their website here.

The alumni office is collecting stories of Stritch students who served at St. Bens. Do you have a favorite memory of serving meals for St. Ben’s while you were a student? If so, drop us a line at alumni@stritch.edu and put “St. Ben’s” in the subject line!

Stritch Serves: Reminder to log May volunteer hours

In celebration of Stritch’s 75th anniversary, a volunteer service initiative led by the University’s Staff Development Committee is underway to capture the many good works being done by University faculty, staff and alumni at community organizations, churches, schools, nonprofits, local businesses, and other entities. Learn more and log your volunteer hours here.

The goal is to contribute 7,500 volunteer service hours by the end of 2012. At the standard estimated rate of $20 per hour for volunteer service, 7,500 hours translates to a total contribution of $150,000 worth of service to our communities. As of the end of May we have recorded more than 3,000 hours of service!

Regional Alumni News
Minnesota-area alumni gather for special 75th anniversary reception

(Pictured above: new Stritch alumnus Brian Harper, '12 and Alumni Board Vice President Zoreedua Perkins, '06 '08)

More than 55 guests joined the Alumni Association for a special gathering of alumni at the University Club of Saint Paul on Sunday, June 3. Many of the recent Minnesota graduates were in attendance and had their first opportunity to mingle with other area alumni following their Commencement celebration earlier that afternoon.

In addition to networking with fellow alumni, the crowd had the opportunity to meet members of the Alumni Board and Dr. Peter Holbrook, newly named dean of the College of Business and Management.

Additional photos from the event can be viewed here.
Upcoming 75th anniversary event in Madison
Staff at Stritch's Madison site invite alumni to an event being held on Wednesday, July 18 at 5:30 p.m. as part of the University's 75th anniversary celebration.

Adjunct instructor, Jerry Darda will offer his perspective on investing for retirement as well as other financial planning observations.

Location: Stritch's Madison site, Room A
Minnesota site continues Books for Africa drive

Throughout the 2012 calendar year, each Cardinal Stritch University site in Minnesota will be collecting books to be shipped to Africa to fill the multiple needs of people, schools, and educational programs across the continent.

Since 1988, Books for Africa has shipped more than 24 million books to 46 African countries. They are on once-empty library shelves, in classrooms in rural schools, and in the hands of children who have never before held a book.

Books donated by publishers, schools, libraries, individuals and organizations are sorted and packed by volunteers who carefully choose books that are age- and subject-appropriate. Enough books are sent for a whole class to use.

Learn more here. To help in this effort, contact Nicole Lapides at nlapides@stritch.edu.

Alumni Profile
Alumna reflects on journey that brought her to Master’s program

“’Pomp and Circumstance’ will never get old for me,” said two-time Stritch graduate Emily Naczek, ’06 ’12. “It still gives me goose bumps.”

Naczek recently heard the notes of the historic commencement music as she processed in to receive her Master’s degree in Religious Studies from Stritch this spring. As a middle school math and religion teacher at St. Charles Borromeo Parish School in Milwaukee, she uses the skills she learned at Stritch on a daily basis.

“I’m a better religion teacher because of my Master’s work at Stritch,” she said. “The way I am professionally is a mirror of what I have seen in my professors at Stritch. Being a student has been a lesson on how to be a teacher.”

Read more.

Alumni Class Notes

Gina (Breuer) Klink, B.A. Education, '93, was named Teacher of the Year for the Hartford, Wis. School District.

Matthew Lueck, B.S. Management, '07, is bank manager for the Associated Bank branch in the Manitowoc Festival Foods location.

Meaghan Morrissey, B.A. Theater, '06, is director of Development and PR for COA Youth and Family Centers in Milwaukee.

Dennis Videtic, M.B.A., '07,  is the administrator for Morningside Health Center in Sheboygan, Wis.


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Say “Happy Easter” In Every Language!

March 31st, 2012 by admin Leave a reply »

Hi! It’s Saturday, March 31, 2012 and time for Foreign Languages at ClickSchooling!

Recommended Website:

Age Range:  All (with parental supervision)

This terrific website helps you learn to say or write “Happy Easter” in many languages of the world.

When you get to the site you’ll see a menu of languages with “Happy Easter” printed in each language. Some of those written expressions are linked to a sound file. Click on it and you can hear a native speaker say the words. Some of the languages you’ll find include:

  • Afrikaans
  • Chinese (Mandarin, Cantonese, Taiwanese)
  • French
  • German
  • Hindi
  • Italian
  • Latin
  • Persian
  • Russian
  • Spanish
  • Ukrainian
  • Welsh
  • Zulu

And many more! When you’re through learning to say “Happy Easter” check out the rest of this site that provides useful phrases, free video lessons, and songs in different languages of the world.

Leave a Reply


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By k | May 10, 2012 - 6:00 am - Posted in New Business Development

I’m currently taking
an advanced revisions course.
The course was clearly advertised
as being advanced level.

The thing is…
many newbie writers
are taking this advanced course.

The instructor decided
to dumb down the course
to better benefit these newbie writers.

This made no one happy,
not even the newbie writers.
They wanted to see
what advanced writers were learning.
We, advanced writers,
wanted to learn something,

Just because
your intended audience changes
doesn’t mean
your product has to change.

before you make changes.

This entry was posted on Thursday, May 10th, 2012 at 6:00 am and is filed under New Business Development. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

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text:
UNFCCC Publishes Turkey’s GHG Inventory Review Report

27 April 2012: The UNFCCC Secretariat has released the report of the centralized review of the 2011 annual submission of Turkey (FCCC/ARR/2011/TUR), which shows that total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions increased by 97.6% between 1990 and 2009.

The centralized review was undertaken by the Expert Review Team (ERT), which concluded that the preparation and reporting of Turkey's inventory submission was not fully in accordance with the UNFCCC reporting guidelines. It further concluded that Turkey's inventory was not complete, as a number of GHG source or sink categories were reported as “not estimated” or “confidential.”

The ERT formulated several recommendations for each sector relating to the completeness, transparency and accuracy of the information presented in Turkey's inventory submission, including: reporting emissions associated with confidential data in such a way as to ensure both confidentiality and the completeness of the inventory; estimating the emissions from significant livestock; and implementing the plan for the establishment of a permanent working team in the land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector and reporting the results of projects undertaken. [Publication: Report of Individual Review of Turkey's 2011 Annual GHG Inventory Submission]


text:
Saturday, March 14, 2009

A few who got it right: What do those who called the downturn think?

From MarketWatch:

The financial markets are littered with the broken reputations of so-called "experts" who failed to anticipate the global financial crisis, or the recession and bear market that have followed.
Finance ministers, central bankers, Wall Street strategists, famed economists, hotshot hedge-fund bosses, former star mutual fund managers and, yes, journalists and cable-television bloviators all dropped the ball big time in the years leading up to the current meltdown.

But a handful of brave souls got it right. Economist Nouriel Roubini, analyst Meredith Whitney and some others have gone on to fame and fortune for warning about the disaster to come.
They weren't alone. Economist Gary Shilling, options specialist Larry McMillan, strategist Sandy Jadeja and market technician Dan Sullivan all saw a big bear market ahead and advised moving money to the sidelines before the roof collapsed. We caught up with them in the midst of this week's rally to get their take on what's ahead.

Most believe we're getting pretty close to a market bottom, but we'll have to go through more pain before we get there. None thinks the current rally is for real.
Shilling, a longtime Cassandra and publisher of "Insight," has warned about the housing and credit bubbles for years and repeatedly predicted that the current recession would be deep. His 13 predictions for 2008 were right on the money.

Excess housing
And guess what? He's still bearish on housing. Shilling estimates there's excess inventory of 2.4 million homes on the market and "it's taking a long time to work that [down.]"
That's why home prices have a way to go before they bottom: He's looking for a peak-to- trough decline of 40% in housing prices nationwide. As of the fourth quarter, the 20-city Standard & Poor's/Case-Shiller home price index had fallen 27% from its high in 2006....MORE


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Grant Family Papers:

Correspondence of Zilpah P. Grant Banister, 1839, 1852-1874

Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College

Smith College Collections Online

(Links to Sophia Smith Collection site)

Terms of Use
Provenance: The Grant Family Papers were a gift of Mary R. Wallace, a descendent of the Grant family, in 1959.
Extent: 1.5 linear ft.
Digitized portion: 1 inch (3 folders, ca. 77 items)

Scope and Content:

The Grant Family Papers consist of letters, financial and legal records, photographs, clippings, and other papers of the Elijah Grant family of Millbrook, Conn.

The digitized portion of this collection consists of selected genealogical materials followed by a series of letters of Zilpah Grant Banister (1794-1874) to and from various family members, 1846-1874. Principal correspondents are two of Mrs. Banister's nephews, John Grant (1822-1878), a teacher first at Yale and later at his own private school, and Marcus Grant (b. 1827) on the family homestead farm. All the letters were written after Zilpah Grant Banister's retirement (in 1839) as a teacher at Ipswich Female Seminary, which she had organized and at which she had worked closely with Mary Lyon, and her subsequent marriage and residence in Newburyport, Mass. References are made in the letters to Mrs. Hale and her family (no further identification), Daniel Genny of Oxford, Ohio (influential in the development of Western Female Seminary), to the sons of Joseph Cowles at Oberlin, and to her friend Miss Lyman at Vassar College. John Grant's letters to his aunt seek her counsel as a former teacher and school principal.

Related Collection

Zilpah P. Grant Banister Papers, Mount Holyoke College (available online)

Biographical Note

Zilpah Polly Grant Banister was born on May 30, 1794 in Norfolk, Connecticut. In 1820 she enrolled in the Byfield Female Seminary in Masachusetts under Reverend Joseph Emerson. She then taught at various schools around Norfolk until she began organizing the Adams Female Academy in Londonderry, New Hampshire, which opened in 1824. Here she worked as principal with Mary Lyon as her assistant. In 1828 she received an invitation to organize a school in Ipswich, Massachusetts. She remained at Ipswich Female Seminary until her retirement in 1839. On September 7, 1841, Grant married William B. Banister and moved with him to Newburyport, Massachusetts. She continued to promote women's education, and published a pamphlet entitled Hints on Education in 1856. Zilpah P. Grant Banister died on December 3, 1874 in Newburyport.

Further reading:

  • Guilford, L. T. (Linda Thayer). The Use of a Life : Memorials of Mrs. Z. P. Grant Banister. New York : American Tract Society, 1885.
  • Notable American Women, 1607-1950: A Biographical Dictionary. Edwart T. James, ed. Harvard University Press, 1971. Biographical sketch prepared by Sydney R. McLean.

Folder Summary & Access to Digitized Collection

click to open
Folder 2: Biographical and genealogical material (selections)
click to open
Folder 9: Zilpah P. Grant Banister: Letters to family, 1839/1852-1874
click to open
Folder 23: John Grant: Letters to Zilpah P. Grant Banister, 1844-1852
click to open
Folder 24: John Grant: Letters to Zilpah P. Grant Banister, 1853-1858

© 1998 Five Colleges, Inc.


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Saturday, 9 March 2013

Ottobre 06-2009-14 Trousers

need to put a closure on back welt to stop it pulling open - but like fit in legs - not too wide

Pattern Description: Slim fit cord trousers / pants
Pattern Sizing: 92-122
Did it look like the photo/drawing on the pattern envelope once you were done sewing with it? Yes - apart from changes
Were the instructions easy to follow? Brief and not great - but I have made lots of trousers so this was not a problem. I don't like having to go to different pages for more instructions (instructions for welt pockets are later in magazine)
 What did you particularly like or dislike about the pattern? Dislike - no belt loops - but these were easy to add so no problems there Like - slim fit, welt pocket, nice trousers to wear to school
Fabric Used: Cotton drill dyed grey for school
 Pattern alterations or any design changes you made: Add belt loops Made waistbans longer and a little wider. Messed up welt pocket....
Would you sew it again? Would you recommend it to others? Yes I will sew it again, but the size 122 fits my 8 year old .... next time I need to add 2" to back rise, and I might curve up the hem on the back trouser leg. Apart from that the pattern is great
Conclusion: Great trousers- just need to practice the welt pockets again before making as I messed those up! The welt must be the same size as the lines (which will be the hole).. I made mine too big I folded it over and stitched it down - a bit of a fudge but it works! Another pattern used from Ottobre - great! Will adapt pattern and make again.

*** Also need to put a closure on back welt to stop it pulling open

No comments:

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  • Strong! Very strong to it's size"

    posted by HerrSchafer on 08/06/2010
    0 0

    Involvement:Expert (understands the inner workings) - Ownership:1 week to 1 month

    They are very strong magnets. It is the kind of useless stuff, but I think that will be cool to have a lot of this! And the best of all: if the chain broke, it will stay together after the fall! LOL

    I think it is very small and, as my own case, it's dangerous to kids. I'm affraid that my little boy eat it! The only use I could give'em was to hold my screws. I can also fix more papers at my freezer!

    I don't know; I think about it as a waste of money.

    If you want, maybe you can craft some stuffs to hold your notes at freezer's door.

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ROCHESTER, MN — Don't put away that tape measure yet. Body mass index (BMI), the standard measure of obesity used by many professionals in the fitness and health industry, is flawed and should be changed, according to recent research at the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine in Rochester, MN. BMI, calculated using height and weight measurements, is not as accurate as it should be, and other more accurate measures are available, the researchers said in an August article in the Lancet medical journal.

Researchers looked at data from 40 studies of 250,000 people with heart disease. They found that patients with high BMIs had fewer heart problems and better survival rates than those with normal BMIs, and patients with low BMIs had higher risks of death from heart disease than those with normal BMIs.

Another article in that issue of Lancet suggested that the waist-to-hip test was the best predictor of heart attack risk.


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Tuesday, March 25

National Library Week!

National Library Week is April 13-19! Check the calendar for great programs at your library and celebrate the library in your community.

Friday, March 7

Take a look at LookyBook, a great website with children's picture books that you can read online. I think my favorite is Bad Kitty, by Nick Bruel. I hope you enjoy it!


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Friday - Jul 03, 2015

Green features earn recreation center LEED Platinum certification

The City of Asheville is pleased to announce that the Dr. Wesley Grant Sr. Southside Center at 285 Livingston Street has achieved Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Platinum certification. The designation is the highest level of certification awarded by the U.S. Green Building Council in its recognition of building design and construction practices that reduce carbon footprint and environmental impact.

“This certification is great news,” said project manager Al Koph from the City of Asheville Parks, Recreation and Cultural Arts Department. “We’ve worked hard to make this project a flagship for the city and an example of what can be achieved in sustainable building.”
City of Asheville LEED Platinum Certification

Dedicated in October 2011, phase one of the recreation center was the first City of Asheville facility built since Asheville City Council’s 2007 direction that all new municipal construction achieve at least gold LEED certification. Council includes among its strategic goals that Asheville be a southeastern leader in sustainability.

Throughout the project’s first phase, project architect Jane Mathews, acting as the LEED certification administrator and working with her design team, submitted qualifying elements to the USGBC and confirmed that it was on track. Thanks to features like use of natural light and water-efficient fixtures, the project cleared the bar for gold certification and then some.

“The City of Asheville is to be commended for showing strong leadership in promoting a very high level of sustainable design for its new facilities,” Mathews said. “We were honored to assist the City in fulfilling this commitment and to furthering its environmental stewardship by providing a quality, affordable and sustainable new center for Asheville and its citizens.”

Mathews presented the LEED Platinum certificate to Asheville City Council at its December 11 meeting.

The Dr. Wesley Grant Sr. Southside Center is probably most easily recognized by its roof, the shape of which channels rainwater into sediment reducing ponds and cisterns as well as the roof gardens. But the center also employs energy-efficient windows, geothermal temperature regulation and energy conserving insulation. In rating buildings for certification, the USGBC also factors in how far materials have to travel to get on site and the fact that most of the materials removed for the building were recycled.

Phase one of the center houses an auditorium, classrooms and office space. Phase two, which is currently in the planning stage, will include a gymnasium, a spray ground, playground, and a section of the Town Branch Greenway.

Click here for more information about the Dr. Wesley Grant Sr. Southside Center or any of the City of Asheville recreation centers.

Click here for more about the City of Asheville’s sustainability initiative.

One comment
  1. Teresa Gilbert

    February 28, 2013 at 8:38 am

    I’m a senior citizen and I’m planing a three day trip to Ashville with two other senior citizens and I would like to know things of interest to see.Thank you

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Helium Audio Splitter 1.9.343

Helium Audio Splitter is an application that enables end-users to quickly split large audio files such as live concerts, podcasts, dj mixes and similar audio files (AAC, FLAC, M4A, M4B, MP3, MP4, MPC, Ogg Vorbis, Wave, WAVPack, WMA) into multiple files. Users are able to create tracks automatically either by loading a CUE file, defining how many parts the file should be splittered in, defining parts of a specific length or by adding tracks manually. Helium Audio Splitter also gives the end user a very quick way to adjust tags on the resulting tracks with it's very powerful inplace tag editor functions. The defined tracks to be splittered can be fine-tuned by working with the Waveform view which gives a detailed graphic view of the audio file.

Helium Audio Splitter Screenshot

Helium Audio Splitter Interface

Latest version: 1.9.343 (18 Sep 2014)
License: Freeware
System requirements: Windows XP/2003/Vista/7/8
Download: has_setup.exe (4.5 MB)

See also:
Nero SoundTrax

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Louisiana Tech University Logo

College of Engineering & Science - Louisiana Tech University

Office of

Engineering & Science Foundation

Dean Ben Bogard met with sixty-eight Engineering graduates in 1958 and determined that an organization was needed to provide graduates an opportunity to maintain contact with and demonstrate continued interest in the College of Engineering and the University. As a result, the Engineering Foundation was incorporated in November 1958. It received IRS approval in 1961 as a non-profit organization for the support of education. The name was changed to the Engineering and Science Foundation in 1997 to reflect the merger of Chemistry, Engineering, Mathematics and Physics. A plaque was dedicated May 8, 1999 in front of Bogard Hall commemorating the original incorporators.

List of Original Incorporators

The Foundation


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Martin Court Caramel Sofa

Martin Court Caramel Sofa

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ID: ASL-7830338

Sale Thru July 03

This product is no longer available and is only on display for informational purposes.

About this Collection:

The Martin Court upholstery collection uses thick rolled set-back arms along with supportive seat and back cushions to create comfortable furniture. With sophisticated nail head accents and rich finished detailed turned feet, this traditional styled collection offers both beauty and comfort perfect to enhance any living area.

 View More Items in This Collection...

  • Frames have been tested to GSA government standards
  • Corners are glued, blocked and stapled
  • Seats and back spring rails are cut from 7/8 hardwood
  • Stripes and patterns are match cut
  • All fabrics are pre-approved for wearability and durability against AHMA standards
  • Cushion cores are constructed of low melt fiber wrapped over high quality foam
  • Attached Back
  • Loose Seat Cushions Included
  • Pillows Included
  • Fabric Content: 100% Polyester

Product Dimensions:

  • Sofa: 90"W x 39"D x 38"H - 138lbs.
  • Distance Between Arms 71"
  • Door Size 32"
  • Floor to top of Arm 25"
  • Seat Depth 22"
  • Seat Height 21.5"
  • Seat to top of Back 17.5"

    Signature Design is one of Ashley Furniture's most successful furniture brands since launched in 2005. Undoubtedly, Ashley Furniture is North America's best selling furniture brand. Founded in 1945, the company began solely as a sales organization and did not open their first factory until 25 years later. Initially, Ashley Furniture specialized in wall systems and occasional tables, but has since grown exponentially into the exclusive line of name brand furniture they are today. Ashley Furniture is recognized as a World Class Furniture Manufacturer and one of the world's largest furniture manufacturers.

    The wide selection, quality and style make Ashley Furniture the best selling furniture brand in North America. Their products cover every room in the home in styles that vary from contemporary to traditional in materials varying from inexpensive to high end quality, thereby offering something for every budget.

    Quality products, innovative marketing concepts and state-of-the art manufacturing methods have been major players in elevating Ashley Furniture to the top home furniture company they are today. We at Coleman Furniture are proud to offer this beautiful and popular brand of home furniture.

    Browse more Collections from Signature Design by Ashley
    How much do you charge for delivery?
    Unlike other furniture companies, Coleman Furniture never charges for delivery. Since our humble beginnings in 1999 we have grown to become one of the largest online furniture stores in the US. We offer two distinct delivery options that sets us miles apart from the competition.

    How would my furniture be delivered?

    The majority of items offered on our website will be delivered and setup in your home with a professional furniture delivery company. You will be contacted in advance to schedule a delivery appointment. At the time of delivery, your furniture will be brought to the room of your choice, assembled, and we will remove the packaging materials when we are done. If you see "FREE DELIVERY AND SETUP" on the product page to the left of the "Add to Cart" button, you can rest assure this service will be included with your order at no additional cost! You will be thankful when we are hauling in that new 500 pound china cabinet, not you! We obviously pay allot more for this service then our competitors do, whom only drop the furniture at your curb. We simply believe it is worth the extra expense to make sure that our customers are happy, and that furniture arrives right the first time. Coleman Furniture will work tirelessly to make sure that you have a positive experience working with us.

    Smaller items (and office furniture from Bush and Bestar as well as ALL TOV ORDERS), that list "FREE HOME DELIVERY" will ship via Fedex, UPS, or LTL service. If assembly is required it will be the customers responsibility to assemble the furniture. Only a small percentage of our orders ship this way, however, we do offer items that it's simply not economical to do a white glove delivery.

    Where do you deliver?

    We deliver anywhere in the continental 48 states. Delivery is currently not available to Alaska or Hawaii. However, we have many international customers whom heard about us, or found our great deals online. Coleman Furniture will work with your selected freight forwarder, and will deliver your order to them at no charge!
    How long does it take to receive my furniture?

    In Stock items usually ship within 2 to 7 days. Delivery time to your home is generally 2 to 4 weeks from when your order is placed (based on where you are located). We have over two dozen distribution centers, and if you are fortunate to live near one of them it is very possible that you will receive your order in less then 2 weeks! Since Inventory changes frequently we will provide an estimated ship date when you place your order. We will send you updates via e-mail as soon as they are available and keep you updated as the order moves along.

    For an extended warranty please click here

    With proper care and attention, you will be able to enjoy your new Signature Design by Ashley Furniture for years to come.

    Casegoods (Bedroom, Dining Room, Occasional Furniture etc):

    1 YEAR

    Frames Used In Upholstered and Leather Products:

    Limited Lifetime Warranty

    5 YEARS

    Recliner Mechanisms:

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Tuesday, December 20, 2011

Thesis Proposal Recap

I'm long overdue for a new blog post.  2011 has been a busy year.  I've been making a lot of research progress, which has kept me too busy to blog!  I've hit a number of milestones in recent months -- my thesis proposal was approved in August, a prototype of my new planner came together in October, and I launched a crowdsourced data annotation effort in November.  This post will briefly recap the proposal that I presented to my committee.

I'm building a new planner that combines plan recognition with case-based reasoning, to simulate reasoning from a collection of episodic memories.  My approach is production-oriented, in that it is mindful of the content authoring bottleneck (where content is AI behaviors and dialogue lines), and attempts to make it as easy as possible to get an enormous variety of content into the system.  The approach leverages the realities of the world we live in today, where it is possible to crowdsource repetitive tasks to non-experts, and opts for powering the system with lots of mundane data annotation rather than cleverly programmed AI.

For background information on this project, see the previous recaps: Part 1, Part 2, Part 3.

More after the jump...

Follow research updates on Twitter: @jorkin

AI for combat has come a long way in the past 15 years, or so.  How we can make other parts of the experience -- the social interaction, and storytelling -- as dynamic as the combat?  While numerous games deliver sandbox-style combat that adapts to player choices, social interaction and storytelling is generally either entirely linear, or scripted with limited opportunities for interaction or influence.  Game developers have mastered pathfinding, animation, scripting, and reactive behavior, but have made less progress producing characters that can dynamically communicate, cooperate, and maintain coherent interactions over long periods of time.

What about The Sims and Facade?  These are exceptions that inspire my work, but lie at opposite ends of a spectrum, where I am targeting something in between.  The Sims is entirely emergent; a doll house that does not attempt to tell any particular narrative.  Facade tells a specific, coherent narrative, but has been criticized for limiting player agency.

Graphics Envy

It is often noted that AI has not kept pace with graphics in games.  There was a time when every pixel on the screen was plotted by hand.  Today we have arrived a representation that allows us to render 3D worlds at runtime from any camera position.  And this representation scales -- with more processing power, we can render more polygons (millions of polygons!), yielding incredible detail.
Graph generated by recording 5,000 pairs of players.
We are essentially still in the pixel-plotting days of AI, where we are crafting every decision by hand -- an approach that does not scale beyond the complexity of behaviors that we see in current games.  This graph (to the left) was generated by recording 5,000 pairs of humans playing as customers and waitresses in a virtual restaurant.  The graph shows all of the action sequences observed from the start of the game (at the top), until the end of the game (at the bottom).  Human behavior is complex, and nuanced.  We will never be able to author such a dense possibility space by hand.  We need a representation that can be recombined to generate all of these possibilities at runtime, adapting to player choices.

I refer to my approach as Collective Artificial Intelligence -- a combination of crowdsourcing, pattern-mining, and episodic planning.

There is no easier way to author behavior than through a live demonstration (i.e. playing a character in a game).  Anyone can do it, without any technical know-how.  I have collected three data sets of behavior:  The Restaurant Game has recorded over 10,000 demonstrations, Improviso is currently recording actors on a virtual film set, and Mars Escape was a collaboration with the Personal Robots Group at the Media Lab, which recorded hundreds of demonstrations of a human-robot collaboration. All of these games were created from the same codebase.

The Restaurant Game, Improviso, and Mars Escape.
Recording thousands of people in the same scenario can be thought of as crowdsourcing our imagination, which is the first step in my process.  In the next step -- pattern-mining -- crowd-sourcing is employed once again, to help interpret the data collected from the first step.

Pattern mining is a human-machine collaborative process.  Humans are recruited to annotate data with browser-based tools, explaining the meaning of different action sequences to the AI system.  Including humans in the loop enables capturing sparse examples of behavior and dialogue that would have slipped through the cracks of statistical machine learning algorithms, and provides an opportunity for a designer to control which behaviors to capture and which to ignore.  One of the goals of this work is to dymystify Game AI from being a black art, by refactoring a difficult problem into many simple annotation tasks.  The intuition is that few people can program behavior, but anyone who speaks English can explain behavior given a transcript of a recorded game.

Each recorded transcript is annotated with four layers of meta-data: event sequences, event hierarchies, causal chains, and references. Embedding streamlined annotation tools in a browser makes it possible to take advantage of the numerous web sites that exist for hiring people online to perform unskilled labor (e.g. Amazon Mechanical Turk, CrowdFlower, eLance, oDesk).  Below is a video demonstrating the process of annotating event sequences.  More information about annotation is available in papers from INT3 and AIIDE.

Watch on Vimeo: Event Annotation.

Episodic Planning

Annotated data is the fuel that powers the new episodic planning system.  The diagram below illustrates the machinery inside the mind of a character.  In brief:  the agent receives observations through sensors, and records the observed interaction history on the Blackboard.  In order to understand and respond to observations, the agent can exploit Collective Memory -- a database of recorded transcripts, and associated meta-data.  The Plan Recognizer leverages the learned Event Dictionary to infer an event hierarchy from the observed interaction history.  The Action Selector then searches for recorded human games that match the inferred event hierarchy, and passes these as proposals to a set of Critic processes.  Critics draw on a variety of sources to scrutinize the validity and coherence of following the next step in each proposed plan.  If one of the proposals is approved by all critics, it is passed to the Actuator for execution.

Agent architecture for episodic planning.

Below is a video demonstrating the system.  The bottom of the video illustrates the plan recognition process that is running in the Customer's mind as new observations arrive.  While it would be easy to script something like this, keep in mind that the video is unscripted -- the two characters are dynamically responding to one another based on observed actions and natural language dialogue text.  Each time the system runs, the scenario plays out differently.  I am working toward a demo where a human can play one of the characters, but this requires much more annotated data to cover the space of possible behavior.  The big difference between this system and my earlier statistical approach is that the new system always produces a coherent narrative, or if it doesn't, it's a bug that can be fixed rather than just some statistical anomaly.

Watch on Vimeo: Episodic Planner: first prototype.

My committee approved my proposal, giving me an "uncondition pass"... with a condition.  The condition is that I write a concise, focused, one-page plan for how I will evaluate the system.  I am still thinking about this.  I hope to quantitatively show that the system produces human-like interactions, when compared to thousands of human-human transcripts.  But more importantly, I want to show qualitatively that this system produces a new experience; one that players find more engaging due to an increased sense of agency.  I want to demonstrate that players feel that the AI character is cooperating, and helping the human player take the narrative in the direction the human chooses to go.

Now that my proposal has been approved, I am required to defend my thesis within 12 months of approval, so allegedly I will be finished by sometime in August 2012 at the latest!

  1. That looks promising. Good luck!!

  2. God, I really want to run your demo! I wanna see what all the characters do! Color me extremely interested! :)


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WVU running back transferring due to lack of playing time

West Virginia Mountaineers logo

For the first time in quite a few years, West Virginia enters the season without a standout running back ready to shoulder the load of the Mountaineers’ ground game. And although the running back group is arguably the deepest in Dana Holgorsen‘s offense, there are few with any game experience.

Effective immediately, though, WVU will have one less back in that group.

According to, redshirt sophomore Daquan Hargrett has decided to transfer from the program after seeing practically no playing time over the past two seasons.

He’s decided to move on,” Holgorsen said. “He came in and talked to me this morning and wants to play – he feels like he’s got a better opportunity to go somewhere else and play. I’m not sure where, but we’re going to work with him.

“He’s a good kid, a great kid and has done everything we’ve asked him to do. I’ll help him go wherever he wants to go so he can go play football.”

Hargrett was a three-star back out of Miami Northwestern High School who signed with the Mountaineers in 2009. After redshirting his first year, Hargrett quickly got buried in the running back depth chart. Despite a promising first couple of weeks of spring practice back in April, though, Hargrett once again fell behind true freshman Vernard Roberts and sophomore Trey Johnson in the “A Back” depth chart.

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Manziel with 233 yards and 2 TDs as Aggies lead at half

Mississippi State v Texas A&M Getty Images

Texas A&M, in the final home game of the season, is holding off a feisty Mississippi State team at halftime. The Aggies lead Mississippi State 23-14.

Texas A&M built a 16-7 lead in the first quarter, with Johnny Manziel tossing a 12 yard touchdown pass to Malcome Kennedy midway through the quarter. Mississippi State struck right back though when Josh Robinson took the first play of the ensuing drive 51 yards to the house and a tie game.

The Aggies defense held strong on Mississippi State’s next offensive drive deep in their own territory and forced a punt. That punt was blocked by Sam Moeller and the ball went out-of-bounds for two points. Manziel later added another touchdown pass, this time to Travis Labhart for a 33-yard score.

Mississippi State looked to close the gap late in the first half when Dak Prescott completed a short touchdown pass to cap off a drive set up by good punt coverage and a Texas A&M penalty. Prescott’s three-yard pass to De’Runnya Wilson brought the Bulldogs to within two points in the final minute of the half, but Texas A&M took advantage of their final possession of the half by picking up another touchdown in a span of about 30 seconds.

Manziel has already thrown for 233 yards and three touchdowns and has been intercepted once. Manziel’s top target in the first half was Labhart, who recorded 76 receiving yards and two touchdowns on five receptions. Mike Evans has three catches for 30 yards so far.

It was a disappointing way for the first half to end for Mississippi State, and it could get worse. Texas A&M gets the football to open the second half.

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1 Response to “Manziel with 233 yards and 2 TDs as Aggies lead at half”
  1. parkcityute says: Nov 9, 2013 6:02 PM

    I have been following Manziel. He is a phenom. Maybe one like him every ten years or more.

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Quartet Festival slated July 25-27 in Lawrenceburg’s Crockett Theater

LAWRENCEBURG — Lawrenceburg, the birthplace of Southern gospel music, will host the annual Quartet Festival Thursday-Saturday, July 25-27.

The historic Crockett Theater will be filled with three days of gospel music’s favorite quartet singing, and additional quartets have been added for 2013.

More than 15 quartets will appear throughout the weekend. They include The Hoppers, Gold City, the Inspirations, the McKameys, Chuck Wagon Gang, the Perrys, Blackwood Brothers, LeFevre Quartet, the Kingsmen, Mark Trammell Quartet, Songfellows Quartet, the Allen Family and the Harvesters.

The host quartet and Lawrenceburg’s own, the Kellys, will appear each evening. A newly added free matinee at 1 p.m. Friday, July 26, will feature the Old Paths Quartet and the Caltons.

Tickets are now on sale. For more information, a complete line-up or tickets call (800) 547-6500.

Tickets may also be ordered online at www.lawrenceburgtn.gov.

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Adrian Pasdar

Link Ink: More ‘Captain America 2′ Footage, Colonel Talbot On TV And Stop Motion ‘The Simpsons’ LEGO

Captain America 2 Falcon
Marvel Studios

Finish your week with Friday links galore.

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Eliza Dushku to Voice She-Hulk in Upcoming ‘Hulk’ Animated Series

Aaaand the Joss Whedon/Marvel Entertainment connection continues. Not content with writing the screenplay (based on Stan Lee and Jack Kirby's comic book work) and directing this summer's The Avengers movie, now one of his former Vampire Slayers -- and one-time Doll -- has signed up for duty on an upcoming Marvel animated series. Faith herself, Eliza Dushku, will voice S

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Anime Wolverine Guest Stars in ‘Iron Man’ Anime [Video]

Marvel has released a new clip from the Iron Man anime series debuting in English next month on G4. The scene depicts a Japanese Formula 1 race car (did you know those things are steered with Dreamcast controllers?) drive

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The Blue Ranger Cuts Loose In Mike McCraw’s Latest MMPR Animated Short [Video]

When we first caught Mike McCraw's Mighty Morphin Power Rangers/Kyoryu Sentai Zyuranger fan animated shorts featuring the Pink and Black Rangers, we hoped upon hope that he'd follow through on his pledge to animate the entire team.

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Mike McCraw Animates Epic Power Ranger Vs. Putty Battles [Video]

Mike McCraw has worked on a number of high profile animated projects, including Metalocalypse and Marvel's Black Panther motion comic, but for fans of Mighty Morphin Power Rangers or the original Japanese Kyoryu Sentai Zyuranger series, his animated shorts featuring the Black and Pink Rangers cutting through a variety of putties are the ultimate crowd-pleasers. The pair of shorts have been online awhile, but McCraw has pledged to wrap a Blue Ranger short soon via his Twitter accoun

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