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Austin's Cultural Campus

Five different museums create a cultural destination

Photographs, drawings and text from the Harry Ransom Center's collections great visitors from the etched ground-floor windows. (Photo by Michael Amador)

If a collection is greater than the sum of its parts, then aalt collection of museums, that is to say, a collection of collections, might really be something special. That’s what Austin is discovering with its newly designated Cultural Campus, five different museums within walking distance of one another. Four of the museums—the Blanton Museum of Art, the Harry Ransom Center, the LBJ Library and Museum, and the Texas Memorial Museum—are on the University of Texas campus; the fifth museum, the Bob Bullock Texas State History Museum, sits just across Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard from the Blanton, between the UT campus and the State Capitol.

Designed as a walking tour, the Cultural Campus is best explored combining two or three of the museums and thinking of them as parts of a whole.

Although each of the individual museums is excellent in its own way, none could, on its own, create the buzz of a true museum district. The notion of creating a synergistic and momentum-building collaboration among the institutions popped up from time to time over the years, but didn’t actually take hold. That has changed, thanks, in part, to two enterprising marketing directors, Timothy Dillon at the Bob Bullock Texas State History Museum and Kathleen Brady Stimpert at the Blanton. Dillon, who recently moved from Chicago, proposed that the institutions collaborate on cross promotion, something he’d observed museums accomplishing successfully in Chicago. The Cultural Campus began to take specific shape after a series of formative conversations that underscored the options available for museum-goers. This is designed as a walking tour of the University, Stimpert explains. “We want people to realize that they can come here for movies, shopping, and cafés,” adds Dillon, “not just the museums.”

The Blanton Museum of Art collections offer classical and contemporary work. (Photo by Stan A. Williams)

And even though an in-depth exploration of all five museums makes for a daunting day’s undertaking, some combination of the five individual destinations is guaranteed to match with the most divergent group interests. Combining two or three of the museums and thinking of them as parts of a whole ex--perience adds up to a satisfactory expedition.  And you can create your own sequence of events.

One of the practical determining factors, parking, will take you to one of three starting points: the University parking garage near the Blanton, the garage beneath the Bullock, or the lot behind the LBJ Library. The next practical concern, eating, requires you to consider that the Blanton and the Bullock both operate restaurants. Arrange a visit to one of those museums to coincide with your dining schedule.

If you consider winding up your tour with the Bob Bullock Texas State History Museum, you can also start your cultural campus tour by parking in the garage beneath the Bullock History Museum and walking directly across the street to the Blanton Museum of Art.

The Blanton entrance hall leads to ground-floor exhibit galleries and a grand staircase that ascends to the beautiful second-floor exhibition space. The UT collection includes more than 17,000 works of art: an--cient art and European paintings as well as modern and contemporary art. Expect a variety of exhibits, with something different every time you visit. One recent installation included video portraits by experimental theater artist Robert Wilson. Watching these video portraits is like watching very, very slow movies or fast paintings. You wait quite a while for the black panther to twitch its ear.

Leaving the Blanton building’s lobby, you can pick up a card that displays a map for the Cultural Campus. Along with the map, the brochure offers a brief description of each of the five participating institutions. Take the card along as your guide and cross the open courtyard to the Blanton’s administration building, where the museum operates its gift shop along with a sleek, contemporary café befitting an art museum.

If you choose to remain in motion, walk half a block west on Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard, and take a right turn at the first corner onto University Avenue, where you’ll find a fine view of the University of Texas Tower and the monument-lined Main Mall beyond the Littlefield Fountain, designed by Italian sculptor Pompeo Coppini. The tower and fountain are renowned as two of the campus’ most famous landmarks.

 The Harry Ransom Center exhibits include authors’ manuscripts and ephemera. (Photo by Stan A. Williams)A left turn in front of the fountain and moments later, you’re looking toward the building that houses the Ransom Center. The building dates to the 1970s, but the San Antonio firm of Lake+Flato directed an extensive renovation within the last decade. Now, the ground-floor public spaces are visible through large windows, all etched with an enchanting collection of photographs, drawings, and text from the Ransom collections.

Even with the addition of the beautiful windows, the building resembles a huge, seven-story vault. The vault comparison is appropriate because the Ransom Center holds one of the largest archives of rare books, manuscripts, photography, film, art, and items relating to the performing arts. Founding director Harry Ransom acted on the notion of acquiring the collections, archives, and papers of living writers. In essence, the Ransom Center effectively cornered the 20th-Century market, so that today a biographer or historian writing about an English novelist will likely undertake a pilgrimage to Austin and the Harry Ransom Center to conduct original research.

On the ground floor, the Ransom Center mounts exhibitions from its collection of 45 million items. The Center owns one of the 48 existing Gutenberg Bibles, and the two-volume Bible, bound in polished calfskin, awaits visitors in its permanent display. Johannes Gutenberg revolutionized printing in the 1450s and helped spread knowledge by printing volumes using move-able type, an innova-tion that would make books and literacy relatively common. Just a few steps away, you can see the first photograph, View from the Window at Le Gras, displayed in an airtight steel and Plexiglas case. The photograph was taken by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce, circa 1826, and holds a prominent place in the Ransom Center’s fabled Gernsheim Collection of photography.

 The Ransom Center’s reading room, on the second floor, opens to those interested in seeing personal letters, original documents, and photographs first-hand. With appropriate identification and after an orientation session, it is possible to request and personally examine typewritten and annotated manuscripts from the likes of Norman Mailer, James Joyce, Tennessee Williams, and Ezra Pound.

The Bob Bullock Texas State History Museum tells the story of Texas through its exhibits. (Photo by Stan A. Williams)

Once you’re acquainted with the Ransom Center, retrace your steps for a couple of blocks and cross Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard to the Bob Bullock Texas State History Museum. By comparison, this museum seems more contemporary.  You’ll notice that the domed museum building references the State Capitol just a few blocks south down Congress Avenue. When you walk into the four-story rotunda with its massive granite staircase, your experience is of the gleaming metal, glass, and stone surfaces that define the building.

The Bullock’s stated mission is to engage the widest possible audience, and to that end, the -museum offers entertainment along with history. As an exhibition-only museum, the Bullock does not hold collections nor does it employ curators. But the Bullock does boast the only IMAX movie theater in Austin, which shows everything from Tron or Avatar to The Rolling Stones concert film, Shine a Light. In a separate “4-D,” three-screen special-effects theater (called the Texas Spirit Theater), viewers feel their seats shake and experience the spray of water while viewing Wild Texas Weather. In addition to its theaters, the museum operates a café and
gift shop, both located on the ground floor off the rotunda.

At the back of the rotunda, three floors of interactive exhibits tell The Story of Texas (see page 48). This area of the museum is dark and cave-like, an appropriate atmosphere for storytelling. Most of the exhibits appear to be lighted from within rather than above. The first floor is dedicated to Encounters on the Land, “first meetings between Native Americans and European explorers.” Because the museum tells the story of the geo-political entity of Texas, its narrative begins with the arrival  of Europeans and does not venture far into the pre-contact story of Native Americans.

The second floor, Identity, recounts how Texas became a nation, then a state. The third floor, Creating Opportunity, has exhibits dedicated to ranching, oil, and technology. If you sit down in the Oil Tank Theater, one of several mini-theaters scattered throughout the exhibits, you’ll hear the unmistakable voice of Walter Cronkite describing the impact of oil on Texas.

The exhibits are fun and engaging, and children seem to love the place.  If you combine a visit to the Bob Bullock History Museum with an hour or so in the Blanton and a stroll through the Harry Ransom Center, you can put together a full museum experience contained within a couple of city blocks. But there’s more.

The next two member-museums in the Cultural Campus—the LBJ Library and Museum and Texas Memorial Museum—await across the University campus. If you choose to walk through the campus, you can survey the monuments and public spaces along the way. If not, the LBJ Library’s large parking lot is free and easily accessible from Red River Street.

See the library’s archives collection, behind a four-story glass wall, on the fourth floor of the LBJ Library (just up the stairs from this Continental limousine). (Photo by Stan A. Williams)

The LBJ Library, like the Ransom Center, is an immense, vault-like structure. Inaugurated in 1971, it is one of only 13 existing presidential libraries in the United States. The exhibition on the main floor (the building’s third floor) delineates a timeline of President Johnson’s life and presidential administration, contextualized and illustrated with photographs, videos, tape recordings, and music. A black Lincoln Continental limousine parked under a flight of stairs seems an imposing reminder of presidential power and, to those who remember November of 1963, an ominous reminder of what’s to come—the national tragedy that swept Johnson into the White House. When you stop in front of a photograph of Lady Bird Johnson, you hear a recording of her voice, and sense the pain she feels as she recounts how Friday, November 22, 1963, seems forever defined by the assassination of President John F. Kennedy.

The timeline steers you through Johnson’s presidential triumphs— the passage of the Civil Rights Act, the Great Society legislation, and the War on Poverty— to the Vietnam War, which was Johnson’s personal downfall and divided the country for decades to come. Presumably operating on the principal of “leave ’em laughing,” the last exhibit of the timeline—LBJ’s Humor—features an animatronic figure of Johnson, dressed in boots and a Stetson, leaning on a white rail fence. If you sit down on a black leather sofa facing the mannequin, the mannequin begins to move slowly, lip-synching recordings of Johnson recounting his favorite stories.

On the fourth floor, up the stairs above the Continental limousine, you can see the library’s archives collection behind a glass wall four stories high. This repository includes 45 million pages of documents in acid-free red storage boxes, each identified with a gold presidential seal. Before leaving, be sure to take an elevator to the 10th floor, where you’ll find a seven-eighths-scale re-creation of the Oval Office as it appeared during Johnson’s Administration, complete with three television screens allowing the then-major networks to play simultaneously.

Outside, the sweeping plaza surrounding the LBJ Library offers a grand view of the oak-dotted museum grounds, an imposing fountain, and the UT campus with the Darrell K. Royal Memorial Stadium. According to UT legend, plans to move the stadium off campus were scrapped once Royal pointed out to LBJ that, during every home game, tens of thousands of football fans would sit for hours looking at the President’s library and museum.

Follow your Cultural Campus map on an easy and pleasant walk just a few blocks west to the Texas Memorial Museum, which houses the Natural Science Center. A newly installed, larger-than-life sculpture of a sabre-toothed cat guards the main entrance to the museum building. The 1930s Art Deco building, a project of the Texas Centennial, is the most architecturally refined and beautiful building on this cultural campus tour.  President Franklin Roosevelt is said to have pushed the button that set off the excavation blast when he visited Austin by train.

Students learn how scientists unearth the mys- teries of extinct creatures. (Photo by Stan A. Williams)

The four floors of exhibitions that make up the Natural Science Center collection feel timeless; there is not much that’s high-tech or interactive about the displays, yet the museum was named Austin’s best for children by Nickelodeon. And it’s easy to understand why. Mother Nature and Father Time are hard to top. One enters the building on the second floor—The Great Hall—lined with cases of gems, minerals, and fossils. Soaring several feet above the floor is a Texas Pterosaur, one of the most famous finds in the history of paleontology and the largest living creature to ever take wing.

Downstairs, you find dinosaurs, mammals, reptiles, and amphibians that roamed present-day Texas during prehistoric time, along with a working paleontology lab. The third-floor Hall of Texas Wildlife preserves the museum’s earlier natural history collection of dioramas depicting predators and prey, such as a puma eating a deer while coyotes stand watching.  The fourth floor is dedicated to biodiversity and evolution. Outside and just a few steps north of the museum sits a small structure that encloses a set of dinosaur tracks excavated from the limestone bed of the Paluxy River near Glen Rose.

And that’s a wrap on the quick tour of Austin’s, and the University’s, Cultural Campus. It’s an imposing collection of collections in which you can experience fine art, thousands of years of natural history, centuries of the state’s history, impressive documents of literary history, and a decisive chapter of the nation’s history, within the space of a few hours and by means of a leisurely stroll.

From the May 2011 issue.

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In Canada, Signs of Life Nearly 4 Billion Years Old

Embedded within 3.95-billion-year-old rock, scientists have found graphite with a carbon signature that indicates biological activity.

By Ashley P. Taylor | September 28, 2017

WIKIMEDIA, PAUL GIERSZEWSKIIn northeastern Canada, scientists have discovered what they believe are signs that bacterial life existed there 3.95 billions years ago—millions of years before the first fossils appeared in the geological record—according to a study published yesterday (September 27) in Nature.

Living organisms prefer the most common carbon isotope, 12C, to the rarer, heavier 13C for building their cells. Once decomposed, those 12C-rich organisms contribute to the 12C enrichment of their environment. Finding a sample, such as a mineral, enriched in 12C, therefore, can indicate that living organisms were present in the environment when that sample was formed. Study authors Yuji Sano and Tsuyoshi Komiya from the University of Tokyo found graphite enriched with 12C embedded within 3.95-billion-year-old rocks in Labrador.

This newly investigated graphite adds new evidence to the start of life on our 4.54-billion-year-old planet. As The Atlantic reports, the complexity of the oldest known fossils, dated to 3.7 billion years ago and found in southwest Greenland, indicates that life had arisen well before they formed.

Scientists have dated other graphite samples in the Greenland region, known as the Isua Belt, and in hydrothermal vents off the coast of Quebec to 3.8 billion years old or older. One study from 2015 detected graphite thought to be 4.1 billion years old—older than the graphite from the present study—within a gemstone in Western Australia.

All of these dating studies, The Atlantic notes, are somewhat controversial. In the latest study, the graphite’s purported age comes from the fact that it was lodged in 3.95-billion-year-old rock. But that rock is metamorphic, meaning it has been heated and warped over the years. To rule out the possibility that the graphite was younger but somehow made its way into the older rock, the researchers analyzed the graphite’s crystal structure. They found that the arrangement of graphite grains suggested it had undergone the same heating and warping as the surrounding rock and was likely just as old, according to The Atlantic.

Another source of controversy is that carbon ratios can vary for reasons unrelated to life. The researchers did not find fossils of the organisms that may have enriched this graphite with 12C, but they suspect that the responsible life forms were microbes.

“The organisms inhabited an open ocean,” study author Komiya tells Reuters.

“For the moment, it looks very convincing,” Daniele Pinti, a geochemist at the University of Quebec at Montreal, tells CBC News.

“The emerging picture from the ancient-rock record is that life was everywhere,” Vickie Bennett from Australian National University, tells The Atlantic. “As far back as the rock record extends—that is, as far back as we can look for direct evidence of early life, we are finding it. Earth has been a biotic, life-sustaining planet since close to its beginning.”

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49 of Charles Dickens' best loved characters are brought to life by one man, in an exhilarating performance which echoes recitals Charles Dickens himself once gave. As Dickens' remarkable life unfurls on stage, prepare to encounter some of Victorian England's most memorable and intriguing ladies and gentlemen. Travel to a land of pompous beadles and drunken midwives, and on through Europe and America to adventures and the most fashionable society parties. Witness love, hatred, comedy, passion and despair, in the company of one of the greatest writers of all time.

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By Sam Marks Directed by Meredith McDonough 37th Humana Festival of New American Plays. Over the course of one fraught evening at a country lake house, two feuding novelists confront their professional jealousies--and their personal failures--as their daughters are caught in the fray.

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Eighteen and eager to flee his suburban conservative upbringing, Taylor joined a group of political activists, ageing hippies, baby hippies, punks, anarchists, dykes, radical fairies, men, women, senior citizens, and children on a nine-month walk across the United States.

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System for IQ Option

System for IQ Option

The System for IQ Option came about as a result of two things I noticed in my students.

1 – To have results consistently you need to respect a set of rules that I teach in my Mini Course and not everyone has the personality or ability to be disciplined. This system is adapted to the type of person who can’t control the emotional part.

The idea for the System for IQ Option came when I realized that some people have great difficulty stopping when they lose some trades. This situation eventually results in large losses, because in a short time the person loses their calm and places orders without any logic or emotional control, only stopping when the account runs out of money. If it’s an account with $10 or $20, it’s no big deal, but if it’s an account with a few hundred or even thousand dollars, it is a big problem.

2 – In addition to the type of trader I cover in the previous point, on certain days you want to “play”, so that trading is fun, a game. This System for IQ Option is a bit that, playing with low values, where you can make money. But if you lose, you don’t risk a normal value account.

I chose IQ Option for this system, because they accept deposits starting at 10$. This way, you can use the System for IQ Option without taking big risks.

New Exclusive Service available: IQ Option Signals. Click on the image below to see how it works.

Try our signals for free for 1 month. Special conditions to affiliates.

System for IQ Option

Below are some of the features of this System for IQ Option:

1 – Account Value – The value of the account should be $21.

2 – Value of each order – $3. If the initial value of the account is anything other than the $21, you must calculate the value of the initial order so that you can place three orders before hitting zero using the Martingale method.

3 – Martingale – You can use the Martingale method because you only have enough balance to lose three sequential orders, therefore, the losses are low and controlled. You place a $3 order, if you lose you place a $6 order, if you lose you place a $12 order. Although I say that this method is dangerous, in this case, the idea is to have risk, and since you only double twice, the value that you can lose is always low.

4 – When you lose – When you lose the 3 orders and are out of money, you can only return to trading the next day. This is a rule that must always be followed. If you continue trading after losing the entire account, you will be annoyed and will lose again. The point is to be “forced” to stop. And when the account is at zero you have to stop. This is one of the most important rules for the strategy to work and for you to make money. The advantage is that on the days that you lose, you don’t lose a lot of money. And the next day you come back with a clear head to start again.

5 – When You Win – You must try to double the account every day until you withdraw the balance of your account. We only make a profit when the money returns to our bank account, right? So, to win we have to withdraw money after doubling it for 3 days. You withdraw everything except the initial amount. The advantage of this System for IQ Option is that when you win the profit is equivalent to 7 days of losses. So if you win twice on every seven loses, you will have a profit.

Example of the System for IQ Option

Day 1 – Deposit $21. Place the first $3 order. If you lose, place a $6 order. If you lose, place a $12 order. If you lose, your account will be at zero. Come back the next day only.

Day 2 – Deposit $21. Place a $3 order. If you win, place another $3 order. If you win, place another $3 order. If you lose, place a $6 order. If you win, you return to the $3 orders. When you reach $42 stop and come back the next day.

Day 3 – You have $42. You are going to try to double it. Place the first order with a value of $6, and then double it like the previous example. In this case the values will be 6 – 12 – 24.

Day 4 – You were able to double your balance and now have $84. You are going to try to double it to $168. Using the same system. At the end of the day, withdraw the profits and leave the initial $21.

Each time you withdraw you leave the initial $21. Each time you lose you deposit another $21.

Since we start with small values, there is less fear of losing and it is easier to trade without the mental blocks that sometimes happen.

Doubling over the three days, like in the example, you will withdraw a profit of $147 ($168-$21). It means that if every seven times that you trade you can double your investment twice you will have a profit.

If you have questions on the use of the System for IQ Option don’t hesitate to contact me. Try the system and then share your results in a message below. Remember that it is important to comply with all the rules to get positive results with the System for IQ Option.

If you need a strategy to use with this system, read the article Special IQ Option Strategy.

To open an account with the broker IQ Option click the Banner, or read the Full Review of IQ Option.
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System for IQ Option

Rui Oliveira

Trader for more than 20 years and author of several blogs. After the success of my Binary Options training lessons, I decided to offer my services on a worldwide basis. That is how this blog was born. I hope you enjoy it and share it. Thank You.

This Post Has 2 Comments

  1. Hi

    i have a question for the System for IQ Option

    in your example, if day 2 i already got $42 and order values will be 6 – 12 – 24.

    Then what if I cannot get 3 straight win in 3 days…

    like 1st day win, 2nd day lose all those $42 and the 3rd day win $21 and 4th day lose $42 again…then it seems become nothing

    1. Hi,
      This strategy is to gamblers and people that link to risk. If you managed to get a good strategy some times you will get the 3 days in a row of winings, and since you risk 21 each day and when you win the 3 days you get a good profit, you may get just 1 time for 8 times you lose, and you won’t have losses.

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Year 2 Graphics celebrate the YBAs at 30

Second year Graphics students have marked the 30th anniversary of the Young British Artists (YBAs or BritArt) by designing the layout for a digital magazine.

This project required researching well known Brit artists such as Damien Hirst, Tracey Emin, the Chapman Brothers as well as lesser known artists in this Contemporary Art movement.

damien hirst pages-2.jpg

The brief was to design an article for ‘Design Week’ iPad magazine replacing the former printed magazine.

The students had to design the layout of type and image for the front cover, introduction page and a five-page article on their designated artist.

The aim of the project was to visually communicate the UX, navigation, interactivity and moving image regions on the pages.

mark francis pages-2.jpg

The project will be developed later in semester 2 with digital presentations in After Effects to demonstrate the movement and interactivity.


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Hollywood lawyer who fought Gawker goes to bat for Melania Trump

Charles Harder has been called ‘the rich man’s favourite tool for assaulting journalism’ – but he says current defamation standards are unreasonable

melania trump
Melania Trump has hired Charles Harder in a case against the Daily Mail. Photograph: Carolyn Kaster/AP

Charles Harder is in a combative mood. Hollywood’s top entertainment lawyer, fresh from a $140m lawsuit against Gawker on behalf of Hulk Hogan, is representing Melania Trump, potential first lady of the United States, in a $150m lawsuit against the UK’s Daily Mail, just months before the presidential election.

“The Daily Mail inflicted massive damages upon Mrs Trump’s reputation, and their retraction was half-hearted,” Harder tells the Guardian from his base in Los Angeles.

Harder was hired by Trump in September to take on the Mail and others for reporting “100% false” rumours that the former model had worked as an escort in the 1990s. But while the suit elicited a rare retraction and apology from the paper, Harder has not been swayed and will be pursuing litigation.

“[The Mail’s apology] came several weeks after they had published their original article, knowing that it was going to be republished by lots of different publications, and it was republished,” he says. “Then we had to do what we could do to get retractions across the board, but still, there were hundreds and hundreds of publications that ended up reporting about this horrible lie that the Daily Mail had perpetuated. The damage had been done.”

The only reason the Mail published a retraction, Harder maintains, was to try to minimise damages that it could be held responsible for, “but I think the end result will be they will be held accountable for all of the damages that they caused”. There is little chance of any developments in the Trump case before the presidential election, but a court in Maryland, where the lawsuit was filed, has scheduled a status conference in December.

Harder, 46, grew up in Encino, Los Angeles, where his father was a financial consultant and his mother a homemaker. He attended the University of California, Santa Cruz, where he became involved in student politics, and later enrolled in law school at Loyola. “I grew out of politics and when I was in law school, I needed a job after I finished to pay off all my student loans, which were massive,” he says.

He went on to work for a series of firms before starting his own, and made a name for himself representing high-profile clients such as Sandra Bullock, Bradley Cooper, George Clooney, and Clint Eastwood, mainly in disputes involving advertising. In essence, Harder kept the stars’ names off products they had not officially endorsed, such as jewellery, movie projectors and even ottomans.

His battle with what he terms the “irresponsible” press dates back to 1999, but it was in 2012 when his name began circulating in popular news stories. In that year, Harder was hired by writer and actor Lena Dunham, at the height of her success with the HBO series Girls, to demand that Gawker take down a $3.7m book proposal which the website had acquired and published without her permission – Gawker eventually obliged.

Charles Harder with Hulk Hogan during the case against Gawker.
Charles Harder with Hulk Hogan during the case against Gawker. Photograph: Gerardo Mora/Getty Images

Around the same time, Gawker posted a clip from the former professional wrestler Hulk Hogan’s sex tape. Hogan, whose real name is Terry Bollea, hired personal lawyer David Houston to ask Gawker to remove the video, and when the publisher refused, citing first amendment rights, Houston asked Harder to file a lawsuit against Gawker and its founder, Nick Denton, for invasion of privacy. In March, a Florida jury made shockwaves by awarding Bollea $140m – $40m more than Harder had originally requested – and soon thereafter, Gawker, once a leader in digital media, filed for bankruptcy. Gawker.com was soon shut down by its new owner, Univision.

The case wasn’t entirely black and white, and controversy abounded when it emerged that Bollea’s lawsuit was actually funded by Peter Thiel, a Silicon Valley billionaire and co-founder of PayPal, who had had his own issues with Gawker in the past after the site published an article about his sexuality. Press freedom advocates feared that the verdict would pave the way for other rich and powerful people to pursue personal vendettas by giving financial backing to chosen litigants in order to take down those who had wronged them. It is not a fear Harder shares.

“It was a meritorious case,” he says. “If my firm had taken on the case on a contingency fee basis, if a public interest organisation had taken on the case, if the client had paid for the case himself, or if he had gotten funding from an outside litigation funding company, he would still have gotten the verdict that he got. Mr Thiel just happened to pay Hulk Hogan’s costs, but that doesn’t take away from the merits of the case. Gawker had violated his privacy, violated the law, and a jury ruled in his favour. That’s why the case ended up the way that it did.”

Since the Hogan verdict, Harder’s list of influential clients has been growing. He was hired by Amber Heard to sue the comedian Doug Stanhope after he wrote online that the actress was blackmailing her estranged husband Johnny Depp, whom she had accused of spousal abuse. He was hired by the former Fox News CEO Roger Ailes to challenge negative media coverage in New York magazine over sexual harassment allegations against him by his former colleagues, a partnership that led to one Forbes writer dubbing Harder “the rich man’s favourite tool for assaulting journalism”.

But perhaps his most intriguing relationship is the one he has with the Trumps.

It is somewhat unusual for a major party’s presidential nominee or their spouse to mount legal action against a publication so close to an election, but Trump has a reputation for threatening and pursuing legal action. The GOP candidate, who has banned publications such as the Washington Post, Politico and a Guardian reporter and photographer from covering some of his events, recently tweeted that his lawyers wanted him to sue the New York Times for “irresponsible intent” in reports. While Trump never specifically mentioned Harder, some have speculated as to whether the lawyer will be acting as his right-hand man.

When I put this to Harder, he laughs and firmly states: “No, I’m not one of Trump’s lawyers, period. I don’t represent Donald Trump, I represent his wife; it’s different.”

Nonetheless, does he agree with Trump that the hurdle established in the landmark supreme court decision in New York Times v Sullivan (1964), which requires public figures who bring defamation lawsuits against the media to establish “actual malice”, should be challenged?

“Separate and apart from anything that Donald Trump has ever said, I’ve always felt that the ‘actual malice’ standard is unreasonable,” Harder says. “Justice Byron White, who voted in favour of the standard in the New York Times v Sullivan case, 20 years later wrote a dissent in the Dun & Bradstreet case, saying we all got it wrong, that the standard is far too high and it’s very difficult for people who are public figures to prevail when they are actually defamed. I agree with him.”

As far as public figures go, does Harder think there is a difference between suits that come from celebrities and those that come from politicians, due to varying levels of public interest, and if so, should the term “public figures” be split into two?

“I do think that in the context of a political campaign, if a reporter is writing about issues that are relevant to the political campaign, there is some leeway there and there should be some leeway there,” he says. “If you’re electing a Congress member, a senator, a governor, a president, or any other person to elective office, that is different from just the public’s curiosity about somebody’s sex life, somebody who is not seeking public office, who just happens to be an actor or a recording artist. I do think that those two have a different public importance.

“But my view is this: if it’s defamation, it’s problematic, inherently. The actual malice standard basically says, ‘OK, you do have defamation but there’s an additional standard that needs to be overcome if you’re a public figure.’”

Nick Denton, founder of Gawker, clashed with Terry Bollea, AKA Hulk Hogan, before the site declared bankruptcy.
Nick Denton, founder of Gawker, clashed with Terry Bollea, AKA Hulk Hogan, before the site declared bankruptcy. Photograph: Pool/Reuters

Though he views libel laws as outdated, Harder has never seen himself as an adversary of the free press and disagrees with depictions of him as such.

“It’s not true,” he says. “I’m an advocate of responsible free press, but when people choose to tell lies about others, they’re exposing themselves. Sometimes when people lie and lie, they become emboldened that they can get away with anything, and then they tell bigger and bigger lies against various people, some of whom can afford to bring an action. The takeaway is that news organisations need to be responsible, just like lawyers, doctors, and teachers.”

A spokesman for the Daily Mail said the newspaper had “offered Mr Harder the opportunity to agree wording for the retraction days – not several weeks – after publication” and that “instead of taking that opportunity, he rushed to file a lawsuit later the same day”.

He added: “Mr Harder’s many public statements about the lawsuit have attracted vast amounts of media coverage, far more than the original article, which provoked very little response. The Daily Mail disagrees with Mr Harder’s interpretation of the article as the retraction makes clear ... we note that, six weeks later, proceedings have still not been served by him in the US.”

Harder, meanwhile, says the recent increase in his profile hasn’t changed his life much. “I’ve always been busy, I’ve always been hardworking, and that remains. I’ve got the same family, same house, same car, same routine.” He spends his spare time with his wife and children, mostly going to places around LA and doing things together. “It’s a pretty boring life,” he says, “but I enjoy it.”


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Twitter revelations prompt MPs and peers to examine privacy rules

Decision comes after David Cameron says it is 'unsustainable' to prevent press from reporting information posted on the site
David Cameron on Daybreak
David Cameron appeared on Daybreak to discuss the laws surrounding privacy and the media. Photograph: Gavin Rodgers/pixel 8000

A cross-party committee of senior MPs and peers is to examine the law surrounding privacy and the rules for reporting parliament after David Cameron said it was "unsustainable" to prevent the press from reporting information posted on Twitter.

Minutes before the Liberal Democrat MP John Hemming used parliamentary privilege to name Ryan Giggs, the attorney general, Dominic Grieve, said the committee would examine how to improve the "balance between privacy and freedom of expression".

Sir Alan Beith, the longest-serving Liberal Democrat MP, who is chairman of the Commons justice committee, is expected to sit on the new body with John Whittingdale, chairman of the Commons culture committee.

Lord Inglewood, a former Conservative national heritage minister who chairs the Lords communications committee, is expected to join them.

Grieve, who was summoned to the Commons to answer an urgent question tabled by Whittingdale, said: "We take seriously the need to ensure that we have the correct balance between privacy and freedom of expression...[The] committee will examine whether the current arrangements are working and to consider whether we might make any changes that would make things work better." The committee will look at the report published last week by Lord Neuberger, master of the rolls, on privacy injunctions.

The report said that injunctions and superinjunctions, the more restrictive orders whose existence cannot be publicised, should only be granted in limited circumstances.

Neuberger also said the reporting of statements by MPs and peers may not be covered by privilege if they flout court orders. The cross-party committee of MPs and peers will examine:

Parliamentary privilege. Grieve said: "The question of parliamentary not a new matter. While it is fully recognised that we have complete privilege within this chamber to say what we like, – and indeed the Lord Chief Justice reiterated this in the clearest and most unequivocal terms in his comments last Friday – it is also the case that the question as to the extent to which communication between a constituent and an MP is covered by parliamentary privilege remains uncertain.

"What is quite clear is that from the judiciary's point of view – I think as much as that of the government and parliament – that is an undesirable state of affairs.

"It is undoubtedly capable both of clarification and rectification if the will is there to do it."

Privacy law. Grieve said: "It is undoubtedly the case that it would be open to this house to enact a privacy law if it wished ...[Jeremy Hunt], the culture secretary, said: 'We are not minded to have a new privacy law but we are not ruling out the need for legislative changes.'

It is possible to have legislative change without necessarily having a full-blown privacy law. This seems to me to be precisely the sort of issue which the committee needs to consider and to do it in a measured and sensible fashion."

Asked by Sadiq Khan, the shadow justice secretary, whether a privacy law would make any difference, Grieve said: "That is an interesting subject for both legal and political debate. It is precisely because it needs to take place that the suggestion has come forward that this is the best way to proceed."

Enforceability of court orders and injunctions. Grieve said: "It is quite clear, and has been clear for some time in a number of different spheres, that the enforceability of court orders and injunctions when the internet exists – into which information can be rapidly posted – does present a challenge.

"But that doesn't necessarily mean that the right course of action is to abandon any attempt at preventing people from putting out information which may, in some circumstances, be enormously damaging to vulnerable people or, indeed in some cases, be the peddling of lies."

The prime minister had earlier told ITV1's Daybreak that he knew the identity of the footballer. David Cameron said: "It is rather unsustainable, this situation, where newspapers can't print something that clearly everybody else is talking about, but there's a difficulty here because the law is the law and the judges must interpret what the law is.

"What I've said in the past is, the danger is that judgments are effectively writing a new law which is what parliament is meant to do."


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Dawson’s Blog

The Truth About Condoms

Many people think talking about condoms encourages people to have sex. As if condoms are the magic ticket to preventing the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) or unwanted pregnancy. Tragically, this is a lie. There are plenty of “condom babies,” children who were conceived while their parents were attempting to play it “safewith a condom. Not to mention thousands of cases of STDs that have been spread, even with condom use.

The only sure-proof way to be safe is to keep it within a committed marriage relationship.

As you no doubt have heard, there is no such thing as “safe sex.” Only safer sex. The only sure proof way to be safe is to keep it in within a committed marriage relationship. Every other kind of sex, is risky at best, and potentially life-threatening.

I’ve got a powerful comment from Riah, whose logic cannot be ignored: My secret to avoiding STDs is staying away from sex all together. That’s the best way to avoid anything, and it’s not really a secret, it’s common sense, really. A lot of guys would probably be like one time can’t hurt anything but that’s all it takes is once for ANYthing to happen. I’m really committed to my decision to not have sex until marriage. I don’t think you can trust anybody or anything with your health. You have to be extra EXTRA careful nowadays because if you make a wrong decision, your life can be changed in a split second. If you have future plans and goals you won’t want to mess things up by getting pregnant too early. Everyone makes mistakes, but if you don’t put yourself in that situation then you really don’t have anything to worry about. The secret is staying away from sex all together. It may not be easy or popular but it’s the safest way out and you won’t regret it in the long run.

Riah is right.

There are 67 million people in America with STDs and 12 million more added to that number each year.

But it’s amazing to me how many people take risks with STDs and unwanted pregnancies everyday. As I mentioned in my first blog, there are 67 million people in America with STDs and 12 million more people are added to that number every year. Every one of them rolled the dice and lost. The Center for Disease Control found that among sexually active students in grades nine through 12 nationwide, only about 58 percent report that either they or their partner had used a condom during their last sexual intercourse.

But I’m a realist. I know you still very well might take a chance with safer sexor condoms. I sure don’t want you getting hurt. It’s not worth it. James’ comment says it all: I have HSV2 (genital herpes) and I don’t know that I would say I made a bad choice’ or had an it could never happen to me’ kind of attitude. I only slept with guys I trusted and with guys I was in serious relationships with. Along the way I slept with someone who said he didn’t know he had it. Whether he did or didn’t, it has changed my life and I moved on. It was a long hard road but I have come out strongerand left him far back in the dust!

Sadly, the fact is people are going to continue having unsafe sex and end up paying the consequences. This is why it is so vitally important to know the truth about condoms. So here goes, not to give permission to have the misuse of sex, but so anyone using condoms is more informed about what you are getting into.

  • When used properly, latex condoms can help (though not completely) protect you and your partner from unplanned pregnancy, reduce the risk of HIV infection (which causes AIDS) and many, but not all, STDs.
  • Condoms are 98 percent effective in preventing pregnancy when used consistently and correctly.
  • The first year effectiveness rate in preventing pregnancy among typical condom users on average is 86 percent. This includes pregnancies resulting from errors in condom use.
  • In any sort of nonexclusive sexual relationship–or in any relationship in which one partner’s HIV status is unknown – you should automatically be using a condom, even if your partner is on the pill or using another form of contraception.
  • Condom breakage or slippage can occur (somewhere around 2 percent of the time), but studies indicate this rarely happens when condoms are properly used. Fit is important. If it’s too tight, a condom is more likely to break. If it’s too loose, it may slip off.
  • If you use a condom with a sperm-killing (spermicidal) cream or jelly, the risk of pregnancy is further decreased.
  • It’s important to use a new condom for each act of vaginal, anal or oral sex.You can also get STDs (including HIV) from anal and oral sex, too. Using a latex condom to prevent transmission of HIV is more than 10,000 times safer than not using a condom.
  • There is no definitive study about condom effectiveness for all STDs. But several studies have demonstrated that condoms, when used consistently and correctly, can protect against the transmission of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis, and may protect against genital herpes and syphillis.
  • Stay away from alcohol and other drugs, as they may make you take risks, like having sex without a condom.
  • To learn how to use condoms, read the directions on the package and practice before you have sex.
  • The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention explains that the term condom failureoften imprecisely refers to the percentage of women who become pregnant over the course of a year in which they reported using condoms as their primary method of birth control – even if they did not use condoms every time they had intercourse. The CDC concluded, Clearly these statistics don’t report condom failure but user failure.
  • The book “Contraceptive Technology” explained, Only three of 100 couples that use condoms perfectly for one year will experience an unintended pregnancy.

Everyone deserves to be safe.

Everyone who is sexually active faces some risk of HIV. Good self-esteem means caring about your risk. And you are worth the effort. Everyone deserves to be safe. And, safer sex may be easier than you think. Worrying about your partner’s reaction is normal. But not being safe because you are afraid of rejection is just too risky. It’s better to face rejection than to become infected with HIV.

With all this being said, this is not an invitation to begin having sex with your boyfriend or girlfriend. I’d highly encourage you to wait until you are married to start exploring this side of your life. I’ve never talked to anybody who waited until they got married to have sex that has ever regretted that decision. But I have talked to hundreds of people who cannot bury the regret and pain that has been brought on by rolling the dice and taking a chance with condoms.
There is one area where a condom fails every time. It will not protect your heart.

Comment and tell me your sex regret stories. Everyone who has ever had sex before marriage has a sex regret story. I would love to hear yours.

If you are pregnant and wondering what to do, download your free eBook.

Dawson McAllister Dawson McAllister (born in New Kensington, Pennsylvania) is an American speaker, radio host, and author. He is the founder of Dawson McAllister Association and TheHopeLine and host of the national radio program Dawson McAllister Live, which is aired on Sunday nights. Dawson has been speaking to and in support of teenagers and young adults for over 40 years.
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PITTSBURGH -- A.J. Burnett threw seven effective innings to win his fourth straight start and the Pittsburgh Pirates handed New York Mets ace Matt Harvey the worst loss of his career in an 8-2 victory Saturday.

The anticipated showdown between two of the top pitchers in the National League never materialized. Burnett (4-1) allowed one run while striking out a season-high 10 without a walk.

Andrew McCutchen and Pedro Alvarez homered and each drove in two runs for the Pirates.

Harvey (5-2) lasted only four innings, the shortest outing of his career. He gave up a career-worst seven runs on six hits and also threw two wild pitches, matching the number he had all of the 2013 season.

New York has dropped four of five. Daniel Murphy had two hits, and Ruben Tejada homered for the Mets.

Burnett began the day with the second-best ERA in baseball at 1.38, while Harvey was riding a 16-inning scoreless streak that dropped his to 1.98 in his comeback from elbow surgery that forced him to miss all of 2014.

While Burnett's ERA ticked down to 1.37 after making a team-record ninth straight start allowing two runs or less, Harvey's shot up to 2.91 when McCutchen and Alvarez pounced on 96 mph fastballs and sent them to the deepest reaches of PNC Park.

McCutchen drilled his sixth homer of the season to the Pirates' bullpen beyond the wall in center to give Pittsburgh a 2-0 lead in the first. Alvarez -- who sent a home run onto a boat in the Allegheny River on Tuesday -- then led off the bottom of the second with a long drive to the last row of seats in right field to make it 3-0.

Harvey never recovered. He unraveled in the fourth, when his stuff and his usually impeccable command abandoned him. Alvarez sliced and RBI-double just inside the first-base bag to score Jung Ho Kang. Harvey then walked Gregory Polanco and Francisco Cervelli -- mixing in two wild pitches in the process -- to set up Burnett for a sacrifice fly and Josh Harrison for a two-run double to push Pittsburgh's lead to 7-1.

A night after teammate Gerrit Cole dominated the Mets for 8 1-3 innings, Burnett was just as sharp.

Mets: 3B David Wright's return from hamstring and back injuries hit another road block on Saturday when the team said the seven-time All-Star has been diagnosed with stenosis, a narrowing of the spinal column. Wright took live batting practice on Friday before his back flared up again. Wright, who hasn't played since mid-April, will rest for at least a week before being reassessed.

"It's just something that seems to be taking longer than we initially thought," Mets assistant general manager John Ricco said. "The way it was progressing, (doctors) thought it would be gone by now."

Pirates: OF Andrew Lambo's progress while dealing with plantar fasciitis in his left foot has been slow. Manager Clint Hurdle said the foot "is not showing any signs of improvement to get him into a game." Lambo is eligible to come off the 15-day disabled list on Sunday. He has just one hit in 25 at bats (.040) this season.

The series concludes on Sunday when Pittsburgh's Francisco Liriano (1-4, 4.15 ERA) faces New York's Jonathon Niese (3-4, 3.72). Liriano, who signed a three-year, $39 million deal to remain with the Pirates last winter, is coming off arguably his worst start in two-plus seasons in Pittsburgh. The lefthander gave up seven runs in two innings against Minnesota on Tuesday. The Pirates are just 1-7 in Liriano's eight starts. Niese had similar troubles his last time out, getting tagged for eight runs in five innings during a loss to St. Louis.


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Album Review: The King is Dead

The Decemberists, an Oregon-based brainchild of frontman Colin Meloy, have emerged from their farm to debut ten acoustic, country/folk songs for their sixth studio album, The King is Dead.

The record is a leap from the band's usual repertoire, leaving behind lengthy pirate jigs and folklore-inspired love ballads for shorter, rustic country/folk songs with harmonica wails and songwriting that would make Bob Dylan proud.

The album's feel can be summed up by the first track, "Don't Carry It All." It's a twangy departure from the band's 2009 rock opera, The Hazards of Love. It is simple, a song beaming with harmonica and acoustic guitar about a community bearing the weight of a death together: "Let the yoke fall from our shoulders / Don't carry it all, don't carry it all / We are all hands and holders / Beneath this bold and brilliant sun / And this I swear to all."

R.E.M. guitarist Peter Buck plays guitar on three tracks including the album's first single, "Down by the Water." The song could almost be mistaken for R.E.M. but Meloy's distinct voice is the driving force. Sounding more clear, free and unrestrained than it has in some time, Meloy's vocals flow as he reminisces about his days as "some towhead teen," struggling through the ups and downs of being young, living below the poverty line and filled with adolescent storm as he rolls "down the old main drag."

Singer-songwriter Gillian Welch sings on seven of the album's tracks, giving songs like "Rise to Me," "June Hymn" and "All Arise!" a necessary vocal backing. Welch's voice gives these songs a tender feel, balancing out the more boisterous Meloy.

Unlike The Hazards of Love, a concept album about a woman who falls in love with a shape-shifting forest dweller – complete with forest-sex, a domineering queen and infanticide –The King is Dead steers clear of conceptual tactics. In fact, this is the group's first album since 2005's Picaresque that isn't at least partially conceptualized.

This should not turn off existing Decemberists fans. The King is Dead retains many trademarks of the band to keep its most hardcore fans listening: lyrics with complex composition and obscure words, historical references and instrumentation that call for a dictionary and Wikipedia access at the ready and the constant ability to transport the listener into the songs.

Your mind will not travel to a dark, fairytale forest or a pirate's schooner listening to The King is Dead, but rather to a hot summer's day on the farm with beads of sweat rolling down your back.


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Dawn Upshaw, internationally renowned soprano and Bard Graduate Vocal Arts Program Artistic Director, will perform with pianist and Associate Director Kayo Iwama, the singers of the program, and the Bard Conservatory Collaborative Piano Fellows. The concert will feature premieres by various composers and will include some new and recently composed songs set to the poems of Emily Dickinson including "Forever is composed of nows" by Eric Nathan and "In the Name of the Bee" by Shawn Jaeger. Other works from composers John Harbison, Joan Tower, Gregory Spears, Nina C. Young, John Luther Adams, Andrew Hsu, and John D. McDonald will be performed.

The exhibition I’m Nobody! Who are you? The Life and Poetry of Emily Dickinson will open at 6:30 pm for concert attendees.

Thursday, April 13, 2017, 7:30 pm
$35/$25 for Morgan members and affiliates of Bard College.

Dawn Upshaw. Photography by Brooke Irish.

Please call (212) 685-0008 ext. 560 or e-mail [email protected] for information.


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Grief and Loss Counseling in Oak Brook, IL.

Therapy and bereavement services in Oak Brook, IL. Find real help with the right therapist.

Donald Olund, MA, LCPC, NCC
Grief Counselor

Donald Olund, MA, LCPC, NCC

Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor

911 N Elm St. Suite 316, Hinsdale, Illinois 60521 | 630-655-0404

Personal loss is a painful process and requires time to heal. Having a healthy means to work through grief is important. In my counseling experience I have had the opportunity to walk many individuals through the grief process. Because of my background in Christian ministry I find that I can also help people sort through the questions they have about faith and loss. One of the common questions I hear is, "How can a loving God allow this to happen?" If you are struggling with loss and have more questions than answers you need to find a safe place to process your feelings, find comfort and hope. I would like to walk this journey with you.

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Compassionate Bereavement Services in Oak Brook, IL.

Thank you for visiting our Illinois search of licensed grief specialists in Oak Brook.  Moving through grief after loss is difficult. Therapy helps through listening, by having someone there with you who understands the stages and process of grieving. You can find help for grief in Oak Brook right now, please contact a provider above, you can email 24/7.

Oak Brook is a city that is located in multiple counties- Cook County and DuPage County in Illinois. It has a land area of 7.96 square miles and a water area of 0.32 square miles.  The population of Oak Brook is 8,091 people with 3,052 households and a median annual income of $132,778. .

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Licensed, professional counseling in Oak Brook is considered widely accessible by the majority of people who live here and budget is often not a concern for mental health treatment. Low cost counseling and affordable therapy are also sometimes offered by listed city and university level clinics, check with your local Oak Brook public health department.


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Attraction to make a splash for years to come

The water chute attraction
The water chute attraction

A Scarborough attraction has been protected for the ages after being granted Grade II listed status.

The Water Chute at the North Bay Railway was granted the status by Historic England on Friday, last week.

It now means the attraction, which has been making a splash in Scarborough for decades, will be protected from any future developments and will be around for future generations to enjoy.

In its listing it stated that: “The water chute, a water ride of 1932 designed by Charles Wicksteed, is listed at Grade II for the following principal reasons:

“Date and rarity: it is the third-oldest water chute in Britain, one of only three such rides surviving from before the Second World War, and one of the oldest surviving water-based rides in the world;

“Design interest: as an evocative example of early 20th Century amusements aimed primarily at children and families, with a rider experience that is the same as when the ride first opened;

“Association: designed by the manufacturer and philanthropist Charles Wicksteed, who was of national and international influence on attitudes to children’s recreation, and the provision of purpose-designed play equipment.

“The first water chute in England was opened in 1893 in London’s Earl’s Court. Following this, others were built at Southport Pleasure Beach in 1903 and Blackpool Pleasure Beach in 1907. In addition to this one, two other examples survive, at Wicksteed Park, Kettering and at East Park, Kingston-Upon-Hull.

“All three were designed and installed by Charles Wicksteed, designer, inventor and owner of an engineering company which originally manufactured steam ploughing engines, bicycles and automatic gear boxes, but came to specialise in children’s play equipment.

“The water chute in Scarborough was opened in 1932 as a feature of the Pleasure Park, formally known as Northstead Manor Gardens.

“The ride is currently owned and operated by North Bay Railway and was refurbished by them in 2007. The roofs and their supporting structures are modern additions. Fabric replacement has taken place elsewhere, including the rails and stanchions of the chute itself, and the access steps.”

David Humphreys, managing director of North Bay Railway Company Limited, said he was delighted with the news.

He said: “English Heritage approached us asking about the history of the ride and we were delighted to get the news that ride has been listed.

“We feel we offer something for every generation here .”


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Pioneering Jewish group fading, victim of its success

Once, gatherings of the Toronto Workmen's Circle required a meeting hall. Today, Sara Frymer's dining-room table is big enough.

Once, Toronto's Jews joined the Workmen's Circle because they needed it: intellectually, socially, financially, emotionally. Today, they seek merely to secure access to the group's prepurchased burial plots in a popular cemetery. When they join at all.

Fania Fainer, 84, left, Bernard Braun, 92, and Helen Lenkinski, 88, stand in the hall of the Toronto Workmen's Circle centre on Lawrence Ave. W.
Fania Fainer, 84, left, Bernard Braun, 92, and Helen Lenkinski, 88, stand in the hall of the Toronto Workmen's Circle centre on Lawrence Ave. W.  (PAWEL DWULIT / TORONTO STAR)

The Workmen's Circle, one of the most important Jewish organizations in Toronto's history, now has only a dozen members who attend weekly meetings, perhaps 50 who attend events of any sort. Most of the regulars are elderly. Of the nine people in Frymer's apartment, only two are younger than 80.

The group did not hold an event to mark its 100th anniversary in 2008. Too few people were interested.

"They know, all our children, about the Workmen's Circle. But they didn't go our way," says Helen Lenkinski, 88. "We stick to this group, but they never came. The children didn't go our way."

Article Continued Below

She shrugs.

The 80- and 90-somethings around the table have, for six decades, organized their existences around the Workmen's Circle and its members. Yet they will shed no tears about its possible demise.

Paradoxically, the decline of their beloved group is largely a reflection of their success.

"The men and women of the Workmen's Circle struggled so that their children did not have to become workers," says Irving Abella, a York University professor of Canadian Jewish history. "They were really working, as it turned out, for its dissipation."

The Workmen's Circle, founded in 1900 in New York and in 1908 in Toronto, was Yiddish-speaking, socialist, non-religious and critical to the formation of the labour movement in both cities. In its mid-20th-century heyday, the group included more than 1,000 Toronto members, Eastern European tradespeople who had been associated with left-wing groups in their home countries, mostly Poland and Russia.

For the members who joined after immigrating to Toronto following World War II, says Bernard Braun, 92, the Workmen's Circle replaced the familial and social networks the Holocaust destroyed.

"The first day we came here, we arrived, and then we right away joined the Workmen's Circle," said Fania Fainer, 84, an Auschwitz survivor who arrived in 1949. "They told us, `We are here, and we are your family.'"

Article Continued Below

The group was a pioneering mutual-benefit society, creating a social safety net for its members that provided health care and other essential services before the advent of the welfare state. Members met weekly, zealously debating politics and Yiddish culture. In quieter moments, they assisted each other.

Upon his arrival in Canada in 1948, members helped carpenter Myer Freedman, now 94, find work. Later, he hired members himself.

With the help of the Workmen's Circle, most members forged middle-class existences in Canada. For their children, they wanted more: success as educated professionals.

In a country that afforded young Jews equality and upward mobility, the second generation prospered. And, thus, the Workmen's Circle was doomed to perpetual decline.

Comfortable in English-speaking Canadian society, the children were rarely interested in Yiddish culture or socialism, even though many attended the Workmen's Circle summer camp in Pickering and its supplementary school in Toronto.

"My kids are both lawyers," says Frymer. "What are they going to do with the Workmen's Circle? It had nothing to offer them."

While the Toronto chapter has struggled to attract new members since the 1960s, it remained sizable until postwar immigrant members began dying. Of 200-odd registered members today, more than half are 80 or older. Many younger members have joined merely to be buried at the desirable Mount Sinai Memorial Park cemetery.

And yet, the group's youngest member says he will attempt to recruit others his age.

"It's really the last bastion of working-class Yiddish culture in Toronto," says Corey Shefman, 23, who learned about the group in a history class at McGill University. "I don't think there are very many in the Jewish community who realize how close we are to losing it."

For now, the group's activities consist of monthly speaker events and weekly meetings – held, now, at a lone table in the large main hall of its building on Lawrence Ave. W., and only irregularly in winter. Frymer and five others live near the hall, but she hosts this gathering because the cold prevents them from attempting the walk.

Getting around is harder now. So is hearing. But nobody here has lost the ability to argue.

Fainer interrupts Lenkinski. Lenkinski protests. Braun tries to calm them. Fainer protests.

They mutter unhappily, gesticulate accusatorily. And then, minutes later, all is forgiven.

"I can yell at them," says Fainer, "and they can yell at me. We can argue. It is fine. We are all family."

If the Toronto Workmen's Circle disappears, it will certainly not go quietly.

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Queens Park Rangers part company with Luigi De Canio

Queens Park Rangers have parted company with Luigi De Canio, the club’s manager, by mutual consent.

The Italian took charge at Loftus Road at the end of October with the club languishing in the bottom three in the Coca-Cola Championship, eventually leading them to 14th in the final table.

A club statement read: “The club would like to place on the record their thanks to Luigi for his contribution to QPR and wish him all the best for a successful future. Mr De Canio also wanted to express his gratitude for the opportunity to manage Queens Park Rangers and also for the fantastic experience he had during his time in England.”

Despite winning their opening fixture under De Canio’s guidance, QPR went on a seven-match…

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BREAKING! Trump Just Signed It! It’s LAW!

Earlier under President Trump’s administration, there was debate over whether LGBT individuals would be able to continue to serve in the military. However, the subject was pretty much dropped and has not been spoken of since. But a recent action by President Trump could change this result, and very quickly.

This past Friday the President authorized the Pentagon to prohibit transgender American citizens from joining the military. The President gave leeway in a limited exception. After the announcement, the White House press office released a memo detailing the reason behind the decision in the following statement,

“Among other things, the policies set forth by the Secretary of Defense state that transgender persons with a history or diagnosis of gender dysphoria — individuals who the policies state may require substantial medical treatment, including medications and surgery — are disqualified from military service except under certain limited circumstances.”

While this might be concerning for some a Pentagon spokesman, Maj. David Eastburn, noted to the media that this announcement will have no practical effect on the military as of now. Furthermore, he indicated that the military will continue to recruit American citizens who identify as LGBT in accordance with federal and state law.

In addition to the White House and Pentagon, the Department of Justice issued a statement of their own where they defended the Pentagon saying,

“After comprehensive study and analysis, the Secretary of Defense concluded that new policies should be adopted regarding individuals with gender dysphoria that are consistent with military effectiveness and lethality, budgetary constraints, and applicable law.

The Department of Justice will continue to defend DOD’s lawful authority to create and implement personnel policies they have determined are necessary to best defend our nation. Consistent with this new policy, we are asking the courts to lift all related preliminary injunctions in order to ensure the safety and security of the American people and the best fighting force in the world.”

Last year, Trump tweeted out some statements of his own regarding the issue on his social media page,

Shortly after the announcement, Congressional Democrats and some non-profit organizations came out in opposition to the recent announcement. The Human Rights Campaign, Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, the Democratic National Committee, and high profile members of the Democratic National Committee all vehemently spoke out against it.

Democratic National Committee Chairman Tom Perez, DNC Treasurer Bill Derrough, and DNC LGBT Caucus Chair Earl Fowlkes released a joint announcement in regards to the news saying,

“This decision is an insult to our brave transgender service members and all who wear our nation’s uniform. Instead of fulfilling his oath to protect the American people, Donald Trump and Mike Pence are putting our nation’s security at risk and shoving real American patriots back in the closet.”

Minority Leader Pelosi further said,

“This latest memorandum is the same cowardly, disgusting ban the President announced last summer. No one with the strength and bravery to serve in the U.S. military should be turned away because of who they are.”

The American Civil Liberties Union also took issue with the announcement and released comments of their own where they denounced the administration and called for the elimination of this prohibition saying,

“What the White House has released tonight is transphobia masquerading as policy. This policy is not based on an evaluation of new evidence. It is reverse-engineered for the sole purpose of carrying out President Trump’s reckless and unconstitutional ban, undermining the ability of transgender service members to serve openly and military readiness as a whole.”

Despite this announcement being made just this past week the Department of Defense had been researching the issue for months. A month ago, Defense Secretary Jim Mattis sent the President a memorandum where he discussed his stance on allowing LGBT individuals into the military, specifically transgender individuals. The memorandum read,

“Based on the work of the Panel and the Department’s best military judgment, the Department of Defense concludes that there are substantial risks associated with allowing the accession and retention of individuals with a history or diagnosis of gender dysphoria and require, or have already undertaken, a course of treatment to change their gender. Furthermore, the Department also finds that exempting such persons from well-established mental health, physical health, and sex-based standards, which apply to all Service members, including transgender Service members without gender dysphoria, could undermine readiness, disrupt unit cohesion, and impose an unreasonable burden of the military that is not conducive to military effectiveness and lethality.”

Fox News reported,

“Trump’s push for the ban has been blocked by several legal challenges and the Pentagon began allowing transgender recruits to seek enlistment in January. A 2016 study by the Rand Corp. estimated that nearly 4,000 transgender troops were on active duty and in the reserves, Politico reported. But LGBT advocacy groups in the military put the figure at around 15,000, the report said.”

Since military agencies have indicated they will continue to recruit transgender individuals in accordance with federal and state law it is unclear what this announcement from the White House will actually do in the long run.

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The UK Rules
'Follow the Regulations'
Four Ball Better Ball

Foursomes Golf Rules: Scoring System

Information on golf four ball better ball scoring rules for pairing formats. The foursomes golf rules allow 4 single players to compete as a foursome in the same match play round of golf.

GOLF FOURSOMES RULES: The fourball system means the game involves four individual golfers.

They can play against each other and the opposing competition as well.

An Example: The most famous and popular 'four ball' competition is the Ryder Cup tournament. It gets played every two years between PGA USA and the Ryder Cup Europe golfing team.

The matchplay format of pairing up golfers features singles, foursomes, and fourballs. It provides some of the most exciting display of team spirit links and comradeship.

Singles Formats

A match between two individuals is call singles golf. The 'handicapping' system means competitors of different abilities can compete on an equal playing field.

Note: The Stableford Rules, match play, and stroke play format are three different methods of scoring singles golf competitions.

Foursome Scoring Systems

The foursome system is a popular group competition. Two people get partnered together and compete against another paired duo. They will use only one golf ball per team. Each partner alternates teeing off. They also take alternate shots during the course of playing each hole.

Keeping the ball in play and avoiding unforced mistakes is the essence of winning foursomes golf rules. Penalty strokes do not interfere with the straightforward order of play.

But, you will lose the hole if you play out of turn in matchplay golf. The same penalty in strokeplay would result in 2 shots added to your score for that particular hole. These penalties are part of golf rules and regulations for all competitive tournaments.

Four Ball Better Ball Match Play Rules

The four ball better ball scoring system is another form of team golf partnership. Two pairs challenge each other, but there are four balls in fourball golf.

Each player plays their own ball and all four challengers play the hole at the same time. The player who takes the least number of shots wins the hole for their team.

The big advantage for teams playing four balls is having two players who are both going for the same hole. Players will often take a gamble on the most challenging of shots.

This is because they know their partner will also have an attempt to make a winning approach and birdie opportunity.

Even so, there is one big disadvantage of playing four ball better ball format. The usual golfing etiquette tends to be slow and takes longer to complete the round. Thus, some golf clubs and courses only allow fourball events in the off season for this reason.

Foursomes Golf Rules for Scoring


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    Walking the Corbetts Vol 1 South of the Great Glen

    Format:  Paperback   Author:  Brian Johnson

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      Walking the Corbetts describes routes up all 112 Scottish Corbetts (Scotland's 2500-2999ft mountains) south of the Great Glen, covering the Southern Uplands, Southern Highlands, Cairngorms, Jura and Arran. These Scottish hills are every bit as interesting as the Munros, and often clear when the Munros are in cloud.

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Alert me about debates like this

Photo of Tim Farron Tim Farron Leader of the Liberal Democrats 12:00 am, 19th April 2017

I join the Prime Minister in the expressions of condolence that she led earlier.

This election can change the direction of our country, from the consequences of a potential hard Brexit outside the single market to the future of our NHS and social care, our schools and our environment. The British public deserve to hear the party leaders set out their plans and debate them publicly, but the Prime Minister has refused to take part in televised leaders debates. Back in 1992, when she and I were both candidates, we debated publicly, forcefully and amicably. Indeed, she called out the then incumbent for not showing up for some of those debates. Why will she not debate those issues publicly now? What is she scared of?


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Avocado Goddess Dip

This vibrant dip combines bright, fresh herbs with a hint of garlic and anchovy. Delicious with crunchy vegetables or perfect as a spread. To turn this dip into salad dressing, simply stir in 1 cup of buttermilk and drizzle away.

Print Friendly, PDF & Email

Recipe Rating

  • (5 /5)
  • 15 ratings

Related Recipes


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Your TLC Moment is Waiting.

What’s a TLC Moment? It’s a moment after having LASIK at TLC when it truly hits you – your life has changed forever thanks to clearer, crisper vision. It’s the beginning of a more fulfilling life. If you’ve ever considered LASIK, or even just thought about it, now is the time to take the next step. Explore these real TLC Moments from our patients for inspiration.

By using this Twitter feature you automatically agree to the Terms and Conditions of our site.

Check out these Truly Life Changing Moments from TLC Laser Eye Center patients.

"TLC changed my life. They said "the one thing people are unhappy with, after this procedure, is that they didn't do it sooner!!" and they were RIGHT! Had I known, what I know now, I would have considered this surgery sooner. And believe me I think it is mostly because TLC was so amazing through the entire process! I never felt anxious, I always felt well cared for and I am amazed at my results. The crispness in my vision and the ability to be free from glasses and contacts is overwhelming at times! I love TLC and if you ever wanted to consider this procedure - call them now! "
Kimberly C.
Sandy D.
I finally decided to get LASIK after becoming engaged. I wanted to be able to see my fiance as I walk down the aisle (without having to depend on contacts). Now I can!
Ivana A.
TLC eye surgery is FREEDOM! after surgery my life changed Forever! I can now do many tasks,radical sports, activities that I never could before! THANK YOU SO MUCH TLC!!!
"As an avid boater for 3+ decades, I've always needed good vision to identify buoys and navigation aids from a distance. Before LASIK, with my contacts lenses, I could usually pick them out around 2 nautical miles away. 3 weeks after my procedure, I spent a week on the boat and could reliably see buoys 3+ nautical miles away. I'm seeing 20/10 - Incredible! And when I get to my destination, I can go for a swim and open my eyes underwater without worrying about losing a contact lens. Thrilled with the results of my TLC procedure - wish I had done it sooner!"
Rob H.
Matt B.
I compete in precision aeobatics with Radio Controlled airplanes (IMAC) and have had glasses since age 7. 4 years ago I had lasik, and am now on the 2014 US World Team.
One year after TLCVision correction and I am still seeing 20/20!! Best decision ever : #TrulyLifeChanging #LASIK
"For 30 years I relied on either glasses or contacts to be able to see. 30 years! I was confident that my surgery would change my life & boy, was I right. Immediately after surgery, I went in to have a post op exam & even though it was still a bit blurry, I could read my watch. Since then my vision has just kept improving. There's nothing better than waking up in the morning, looking at the clock & being able to read the time. Thank you TLC! "
Chris W.
Joseph E.
The moment the procedure was done, I instantly noticed a difference. Lasik truly makes it easier when you active and enjoy the outdoors. Enjoy nature in High Definition.
View More TLC Moments

*LASIK Savings ($200 per eye) valid on Bladeless Custom LASIK at participating TLC locations only. Patient must complete their procedure by May 31, 2015. Offer cannot be combined with any other discount(s) or special offers, previous surgery, insurance or vision care plan savings.

LASIK is a medical procedure with risks involved and isn’t right for everyone. Individual results will vary. Talk to your eye doctor and consider both the risks and benefits before having your procedure. Additional information can be found here.


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chinese australia

Apply to TOP Courses Now

For our next intake!

Register your interest3

Early Offer

Early Offer Apply Now

Degree Structure and Course Progression

Degree Structure

To complete the degree, students need to study 16 core units worth a total of 96 units of credit (UOC), plus 16 elective units worth 96 UOC.

The 16 core units include the ‘Priestly 11’ and units required for practice and registration in NSW. The 16 electives are grouped into 3 areas of study:

international  International
The International range of electives enable TOP students to gain a comprehensive international and comparative understanding of legal issues. A sound background in international trade, international arbitration and public international law enhances the more traditional areas of law units and gives TOP students an advantage in corporate commercial practice in an increasingly internationalised market environment.
trade-commerce Trade and commerce
Trade and commerce options/electives allow TOP students to be more specialised in the area of trade and commerce and ensure a higher degree of marketability.
 accounting-business Accounting and business
The Accounting and Business options allow TOP to develop more effective synergies with its business and accounting courses. Students choose non-law options from the accounting and business bank of electives.

Fully Accredited Degree

The program of Sydney City School of Law is fully accredited by the Commonwealth Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency (TEQSA) and the NSW Legal Practice Admissions Board.

Course Progression

* Note: Each unit (core and elective) is worth 6 UOC

   AUTUMN SPRING Units of Credit (UOC)
Year 1

Total UOC: 24

Total UOC: 24

Year 2

Total UOC: 24

Total UOC: 24

Year 3

Total UOC: 24

Total UOC: 24

Year 4

Total UOC: 24

  • Elective
  • Elective
  • Elective
  • Elective

Total UOC: 24

*** Exit LLB exit with Practical Legal Training option in another institution

  • TLE0017 The Chinese Legal System
  • TLE0018 Taxation Law
  • TLE0019 Environmental Law
  • TLE0020 Public International Law
  • TLE0021 Banking Law
  • TLE0022 Cyber Law
  • TLE0023 Health Law
  • TLE0024 Labour Law
  • TLE0025 Commercial Dispute Resolution
  • TLE0026 International Commercial Arbitration
  • TLE0027 Financial Services Law
  • TLE0028 Refugee Law and Practice
  • TLE0029 Supervised Research Project
  • TLE0030 Chinese Commercial Law
  • TLE0031 Investment Law in South East Asia
  • TLE0032 Sports Law
  • TLE0033  Anti-Discrimination
  • TLE0034 World Trade Organisation Law
  • TLE0035 Comparative Asian corporate law
  • TLE0036 Human Rights Law
  • TLE0037 Competition Law
  • TLE0038 Child Welfare Law
  • TLE0039 Disabled People’s Rights and the Law
  • TLE0040Media and Communications Law
  • TLE0041 Family Law
  • TLE0042 Intellectual Property


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Linda Gray

Linda Gray

Linda Gray specializes in Nurse Practitioner in Little Rock area and has over 10 years of experience in the field of medicine. The current location address for Linda Gray is 500 South University Avenue, Suite 515, Little Rock AR. She graduated from her medical school with her medical degree in 2008. Gray is accepting new patients at her medical office and center location and available for appointments, preventative care, medical care as well as ongoing patient care.

Active license number of Gray as Nurse Practitioner is A03260 in Arkansas. To learn more, or to make an appointment with this doctor, please call (501) 666 6100 for more information.

Practice Location

Primary practice location & Office infomation

Check locations where Linda practices near Little Rock AR and make an appointment.

  • Office Address 500 South University Avenue, Suite 515
    Little Rock, AR 72205, United States
  • Phone number (501) 666 6100
  • Fax number (501) 666 6107
  • Update practice location
Office hours
  • Monday - Friday:08 am - 05:00 pm.
    Saturday and Sunday: Closed.
These hours represent this office's business hours. Please call ahead for verification.
Professional Summary

Gray's Profile

  • NPI Number: #1457685059
  • Entity Type Code: Individual
  • Medical License: A03260, AR
  • Enumeration Date: Sep 29, 2009
  • Years in Practice: +10 years
  • Gender: Female
  • Credential:
  • Languages: English
  • Is Sole Proprietor: No
Specialties & Expertise

Primary specialty: Nurse Practitioner

Linda Gray has been identified as specializing in nurse practitioner and has been in practice for more than 10 years.

Medical Licenses

Doctors can have one or more medical licenses for different specialities in Arkansas or different states. Related medical licenses for Linda Gray are as mentioned below:

  • Speciality: Nurse Practitioner
  • Taxonomy: 363L00000X
  • Medical Licence: A03260 - Issued in the state of Arkansas

What is Nurse Practitioner? (1) A registered nurse provider with a graduate degree in nursing prepared for advanced practice involving independent and interdependent decision making and direct accountability for clinical judgment across the health care continuum or in a certified sp

Education & Medical Training

Linda Gray was educated at the following institutions:

  • Medical school:
    Not available - Graduated year 2008.
  • She is a participant in Medicare Physician Quality Reporting System (PQRS) Incentive Program, which is a quality reporting program that encourages individual eligible professionals (EPs) and group practices to report information on the quality of care to Medicare.
  • Medicare Electronic Health Record (EHR) Incentive Program - N/A
  • Medicare Electronic Prescribing (eRx) Incentive Program - N/A
  • Participated in the Medicare Maintenance of Certification Program - N/A
  • Committed to heart health through the Million Hearts® initiative - N/A.
Hospital Affiliations

She does not have any hospital affiliations listed, please contact the physician’s office as they may have hospital affiliations not included on this site.

Appointments & Offices

Appointments may be made for routine visits or new problems that you may be experiencing. Knowing what questions to ask before, during and after appointments is vital to better understand, and therefore manage, an illness.

  • Accepting new patients? - Yes
  • Accepts Medicare Assignment? - Yes, she will accept the approved Medicare payment and will not bill for more than the Medicare deductible or coinsurance.
  • Please call to Linda to schedule your appointment today: (501) 666 6100.
Insurance Accepted

Linda Gray does not have any insurances listed.
If your insurance plan is accepted and have any questions regarding your insurance, please visit the office location or contact to get information about insurances provided by this doctor.

Patient Reviews

There are currently no reviews for Linda in Little Rock, Arkansas. Tell us about your experience by posting a comment or review about Linda to help others decide which doctor is right for them.

Helpful links
Helpful information for patients:
Disclaimer is provided for your informational use only. This doctor profile contains information from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), you may contact Linda Gray at 500 South University Avenue, Suite 515, Little Rock AR for for public information or questions about the doctor's profile.
If you are Linda Gray and let us know if this information is out of date or incorrect, please report a correction to update this doctor profile!