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Hotels in Dlugie, Poland - Hotels.com offers great last-minute Dlugie hotel deals and discount room rates. You can easily book your online room reservations in Dlugie today. With our fast online search facility you can:

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Tag Archives: ruby

How to parameterize an RSpec shared context

I had a RSpec shared_context which was creating a FactoryGirl user mock and then logging in with it, and then running some shared examples for testing permissions on a generic user. I needed to modify it to accept a parameter of using a different user. It originally looked like this: RSpec.shared_context “auth” do let(:current_user) { […]


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Matthew Garrison, , Performing with Human Element at the New Universe Music Festival 2010

© John Kelman. All Rights Reserved.

If you are the rightful owner of this image and are not credited, contact us.
All About Jazz / Vision X Software is a DMCA designated agent.

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New Universe Music Festival, November 20, 2010

Uploaded: 2010-11-21   Size: 2000 x 1793 pixels

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Join the staff. Writers Wanted!

Develop a column, write album reviews, cover live shows, or conduct interviews.


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Board the stern-wheeler Mark Twain or the side-wheeler Molly Brown near the Silver Spur Steakhouse for a 15 minute scenic boat ride on the Rivers of the Far West. From either boat you’ll have a great and unique view of Big Thunder Mountain, Wilderness Island, Smuggler’s Cove and the Geysers.

Molly Brown was taken out of service late 2009 for a near complete rebuild and was reintroduced to Frontierland in all new colours!

This is a must-do attraction if you want to escape crowds on busy days.


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How Talking About Things Can Actually Worsen Your Mood

“Does reliving the issues of the day serve any real purpose?”

Recently I met up with a few co-workers for happy hour. Yet moments, after we clocked out and headed to our destination I had a sneaky suspicion this hour, wasn’t going to be very happy….

We weren’t even out of the building before the talk turned to our annoyances: co-workers that weren’t pulling their weight; customers that were demanding things we couldn’t do; workloads too big to manage. And before I knew it a conversation that started out as a mere recollection of events turned into an exchange that had all the makings of an argument (elevated voices, sharp speech, aggravated movements)… only, we weren’t arguing.

And here’s the sad truth:

Your body cannot tell the difference between the first time the THING happened, and your re-telling of the THING that happened, especially if the same emotions resurface. Your body goes through everything all over again. As long as you remain emotionally invested in the re-telling of the THING… you’re going to suffer.

Let’s say you come home from work and your spouse asks, “How was your day honey?” You start by telling him about an argument you had with a customer and then the emotion you thought you left at work is now sitting on the couch right between you and your spouse. You haven’t seen your spouse all day, and he just wanted to know how your day was – but now you’re fighting because you got offended that he didn’t want to listen to your story, or that he was taking the customer’s side.

Your fuse is much shorter because your body doesn’t understand that you aren’t arguing. And instead of getting over the issue you had, you’ve now given it more power. You’re no better than you were…

“There is a fine line between processing the experience to make it manageable, and reliving it and re-traumatizing yourself.” – Philippa Perry

Want some advice on what you can do to save yourself (and your spouse)?

You give that issue, that person, that thing more life when you continue to revisit and rehash your situation. You’ve “fanned the flames” by re-telling the story and allowing the emotion take over.

Remember most humans are empathetic and if your spouse is like mine he will take on your pain, your anger, your frustration, and your sadness. Then BOTH of you are affected by whatever it was that originally had only happened to you.

When you get home don’t even acknowledge that it happened. Because… I ask again, “does reliving the issues of the day serve any real purpose?”

Tell me about it: Why do you re-tell stories of frustration to other people?

(Image courtesy of:

Flashback: Take the Risk Even If Nobody Is Holding Your Hand!

Original Post Date: July 2014

“and then I discovered that if there is something that ‘nobody wants to do’ that is a great opportunity to really rise to the challenge and make a difference.”

I have an interview today. It’s an interview for a department transfer and subsequently,  a promotion.

In the weeks preceding this one, I discussed this interview with a lot of people; I wanted their advice and their support. Sadly I was met with a lot of discouraging conversation. The first words out of my boss’ mouth were, “Oh, that job is really hard… Stacy* hated it. She was really unhappy.” Really?

She then told me with a shrug, “maybe they’ve changed the position since she left – you never know.” I hate when people shrug. It makes me feel like they are calling me stupid.

Another co-worker had the same reaction, “Yah, that job – it made Stacy so unhappy. She hated it.” At first, I started to question my decision. Maybe I didn’t want the job, maybe it wasn’t for me.

However, on my way to work this morning I had an epiphany: maybe I had been thinking about this too minimally – focusing on individual things about my current position – the trivial, monotonous things that everyone in my position hates doing…

Instead, maybe the thing that ‘nobody wants to do,’ is actually an entire POSITION.

Everyone’s breaking point is different. Maybe Stacy didn’t like the job, but maybe she was lazy and didn’t want to work very hard, or maybe she didn’t understand the purpose of her job in the grand scheme of things, or maybe she just didn’t care at all.

Either way, I’m not Stacy. I could love this job or I could hate it, but at least I am taking a chance on something.

Wish me luck!

Edited to Update: I KILLED IT. No matter what happens now, I feel 100% confident with HOW I interviewed.

Additional Update: I did not get the job. But instead, got a promotion within my current position, and additional responsibilities.

(image courtesy of:


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You’re My Person XOXO

Hi all!  As you may have heard, Jennifer McGuire started an awesome challenge/campaign on her new site, promoting kindness, specifically handmade kindness (#sharehandmadekindness).  I’ve seen many in our crafting community promoting this concept — especially through the exchange of cards.  I think it’s a fantastic idea and am looking forward to some good old fashioned happy snail mail {not the rotten bill snail mail!}.

The first “challenge” is to make and give something handmade to a friend or family member.  Last night, the creative mojo was actively participating {LOL} and I was able to create this {super} quick card, which will go to my husband.

I had some panels already pre-made with MFT’s Hugs & Kisses cover-up plate.  I had lost most of the last row and had just taped up the back for the remainder.  I thought this would make a really sweet background.  So I glued down my panel on a white card base.  I then pulled out some vellum and Written in Watercolor stamp set.  I stamped “you’re my person” in VersaMark and heat embossed with black embossing powder.  My husband will get the Grey’s Anatomy reference or at least, I hope he does.  I trimmed the vellum down and glued it down to my card.  I added black rhinestone centers to my o’s on the edge.  Super quick is the understatement!  I think I was done in 10 minutes!  This will sneak it’s way into my husband’s work bag tomorrow morning.

Challenge Submissions
Jennifer McGuire — Share Handmade Kindness week 1
Sparkle n Sprinkle – Anything Goes + use loose glitter, embossing powder or flocking

Thanks so much for stopping by today!

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Tom DeLay: I’m back and I’m on a mission from God

(Guess God also told him to spend 12 million dollars in order to avoid jail time)

Former U.S. House Majority Leader Rep. Tom DeLay (R-TX) told a group of tea party Republicans last week that he has been contacted by God and told to lead a “Constitutional revival.” According to Texas Public Radio, however, DeLay says that he intends for now to stay out of public life and influence elections from behind the scenes.

Barry Schlech, vice-chairman of the tea party group Texas Patriots PAC, told TPR, “(DeLay) believes that he is being led to encourage, or promote, or participate in sort of a new a new revolution for the country — not armed battles and muskets and all that stuff, but in terms of ideals.” In his speech to the group, DeLay waxed on about how his faith in Christ helped him struggle through criminal charges for money laundering and racketeering.

When asked at the time of the ruling whether he plans to return to Congress, DeLay said, “There’s too much other things that the Lord wants me to do. But around the political arena, I’m around. They never got rid of me.”

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Rooted and Grounded In Christ

Teaching Sound Doctrine & Glorifying Christ

Music from Broken Chords

Down in the human heart, crush'd by the tempter, Feelings lie buried that grace can restore; Touched by a loving heart, wakened by kindness Chords that were broken will vibrate once more. From the Hymn "Rescue the Perishing" by Fanny J. Crosby

Lead Me

"Evil men do not understand justice, but those who seek the LORD understand it fully."

I Was a Teenage Dispensationalist

It's the end (of the end) of the world as we know it...

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50 Sexiest Sports Moments of 2011

So 2011 was kind of a downer overall, right? A presidential primary, an NBA lockout and a wicked lame BCS rematch in NCAA football. No thank you.

I’ve compiled the top 50 Sexiest Sports Moments in 2011, as determined by me for your viewing pleasure. Take a gander, enjoy the amazingness, and obviously feel free to let me know what I’ve missed!…


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Sleeping in Boats

Earlier today, I was sailing and I was wondering why my shorts felt so heavy. I also falied to notice that I was soaking wet, and that my shorts, which were made of towel material, were incredibly absorbant and took in almost all the water there was. Any of you that saw me out there, luffing right into the wind, pulling and staring at the mytery of the watery shorts… that was me.

Speaking of sailing, I was at a regatta the other day. I got eighth out of fifty, which you would probably say was great, but there was only one race because of the dramatic circumstances. There were over one hundred farhenheit of heat, and no wind at all. Most people were just sleeping in their boats. It isn’t such an achievement in those kinds of cases, unfortunately.

Now, speaking of sleeping in boats, and since I’m full of these useless stories, I have to simply ‘excite’ you with another one. We were team racing the day before yesterday, and I got paired up with Em, who never even tries to sail. I probably spent more time in the no-go zone, waiting for her to catch up, than I ever did actually sailing.

Anyways, I had her in my cover zone after about five minutes of waiting for her, and  I was just leaning out of my boat looking at all the moon jellies, when I heard this soft, sweet snoring coming from behind me. Believe me- in days like this one, it is quite a rare sight to see somebody, regardless if it’s Em or not, sleeping peacefully away in their boat. No wonder she was moving so slowly. She had completely lost control over her boat when she fell asleep.

It was actually almost a scare to see her doing that, but now it’s basically everybody’s favorite campfire story for laughs.

Yours truly,]


text: Today, we had our second dance workshop. It was a ton fun, and a great chance to really get to know everyone in the movement experience. Today’s workshop was on ballroom dance, and we got to try the cha cha, and the hussle. Learning ballroom dance is a really fun and new experience for me, and I can’t wait to continue exploring new ways of movement.


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Why Playment ?

Playment provides you new opportunities to work on different projects called Tasks from various companies we partner with. You can work anytime, anywhere and earn. So just login on the mobile app and perform simple tasks and earn at your ease.

How does it work ?

We have created a very simple 4 step method. Download the app - Login with your Facebook account - Perform Tasks - Earn Points - Redeem. #YouPlayWePay

Why do I need to login via facebook?

We use facebook-only login to ensure that only genuine players are able use the app. It is only a pre-emptive measure, we never post or share on your wall. “Psst” We promise to be as discreet as Batman.

What are tasks? Where do they come from?

Playment partners with major ecommerce companies to offload their data works and create simple tasks for you to play and earn. The more partners we sign up, the more opportunities for you to earn on our platform.

Why don’t I see any tasks?

Playment is creating an on-demand workforce for the major ecommerce companies. So whenever there is a supply of from our partner companies, we create tasks for you to play and earn. Look out for new tasks on the app as we aim to create more opportunities for you. We monitor every player’s performance on the tasks they attempt. The more accurate tasks you submit, the more tasks will be made available for you. So step up your game. Get the act right !

What are points?

Points are the currency of the Playment world. You earn points for completing tasks successfully. These points can be redeemed for wallet cash (PayTM) and gift vouchers (Flipkart, Myntra, Amazon, Bookmyshow) which you can use to recharge your phone or buy a goodie !

How do I redeem points?

To redeem points, go to REDEEM, select the number/type voucher(s) you want to redeem. Then click on ‘Proceed’ and fill in the email ID and phone no. on which you want to receive the gift voucher code. For eg. If you select PayTM, you will need to provide the phone no. with which your PayTM account is linked. #YouPlayWePay

Do I need to have a PayTM account before redeeming my points for PayTM cash?

Yes. You need to have a PayTM account to redeem PayTM cash. In case you don’t have a PayTM account, you can click on  www.paytm.com/paytmcash to create a new account and redeem the points.

Where can I find my previously redeemed vouchers?

For Paytm vouchers, you receive a SMS or you can check on your Paytm account. The remaining redeemed vouchers are sent to the email ID which you provide while redeeming the voucher. The vouchers can be viewed anytime on your email-id. Please note that the vouchers come with a validity.

Why was my task submission rejected?

We aim to keep increasing the accuracy and quality of our results. In case we find that you have answered any question incorrectly, we reject your submission. If you keep answering incorrectly, your accuracy level decreases and hence you may stop receiving tasks. So make sure you follow the instructions carefully, answer correctly and win points. Keep Playing ! Keep Winning !

Incase of emergencies you still dial 100, for any other queries on Playment contact us at support@playment.io


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Postcards from Dover & the White Cliffs

Above: Van Gogh’s painting of Wheatfield with Crows.

Just an average day with random thoughts.

The painting reminds me of this scenery, on the trail along the White Cliffs of Dover last year.

Except of course these are not wheatfields, and there no crows. In the background: South Foreland Lighthouse. Apparently Faraday (yes, the Faraday, father of electromagnetism) conducted some work here.

More photos of the Dover White Cliffs below.

These are the white cliffs that line the British coast along the English Channel, facing France. The trail is well-defined, and I doubt anyone can get lost – just walk along the coast and get your bearings from the vast sea on one side!

The walk on the eastern cliffs is a pleasant 2-2.5 hours walk round trip. A beautiful green turf greets me as I walked northwards away from the harbour and the din of lorries and cargo transport at the Dover seaport. Spent some time stooping to look at interesting plants. I wish I had more knowledge of botany.

Situated at the south-east of England, Dover is the closest departing point from England to France via the English Channel. Given its strategic point, Dover was historically the site of some battles/defences between the Brits and the French.

It was a wonderful leisurely ramble along the dramatic coastline with gulls squawks echoing in the afternoon sun. And from such heights, the views are marvellous, especially on a day blessed with good weather like this. For the most part, I was the only one walking along the trail, with some occasional avid dog walkers. There and then, I found a great sense of contentment. (Was reviewing some of my self-portrait shots – I looked so happy!)

The cliffs are white because of the white-chalk texture.

The next day, I crossed over to France via the once-common British way (before the existence of Eurotunnel and budget flights): – by the P&O ferry from Dover to Calais. Paid tooth and nail for the ferry, as P&O was the only existing service for foot passengers like me. (Tip: tell the ticket clerk that you have a rail card which qualifies for a helpful discount). Nowadays, it’s so much easier and cheaper to get from England to France by bus: there are direct regular bus services (e.g. Eurolines) from London to Paris, and a round trip can cost as low as £28. Instead what I did was: took a train from London to Dover and spent a night in Dover before continuing on next day by ferry to Calais. It’s a long-winded route. A day’s stopover at Dover was intentional and proved to be worth it, since I had an entire afternoon to myself spent enjoying the white cliffs and sea view.

As the ferry departs from Dover, the semblance of a white fort stood steadfast in the morning mist. No wonder it’s said that the white cliffs once bore symbolic sentiments for Brits when they leave or arrive from France through Dover.

From Calais, my adventures continue here.

2 thoughts on “Postcards from Dover & the White Cliffs

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Photo Credit Tra To

We were thrilled to speak with Pod de Deux’s first Broadway dancer in this episode with Dancer/Choreographer Bennyroyce Royon. Currently a cast member in the Broadway revival of The King and I, as well as Artistic Director of BENNYROYCE DANCE, Bennyroyce had plenty of insight to share about how the concert dance world compares to Broadway, the conversational process behind this larger-than-life Broadway production, and the balancing of identities as a busy dance maker. Don’t miss him in The King and I, and don’t miss the next BENNYROYCE DANCE performance on April 21st at Hostos Center for the Arts & Culture.

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Friday, December 30, 2016

Left behind by Beyond Baroque.

Reposting this from Facebook:
Received a Beyond Baroque fundraising letter which speaks of "the spirit of openness and rebellion inherent in literature and art." Except for the HOLLYWOOD POETRY book, I noticed last spring that my chapbooks were removed from the bookstore (ironic since Scott Wannberg, for whom the store is named, supported poets of all stripes when he worked at Duttons Brentwood). Presumably, my earlier DIY work needed to make way for more saleable exemplars of openness and rebellion. I asked for the chapbooks (excepting those in the BB archives) to be returned; this didn't happen. I do appreciate the times I have attended readings and participated in the past--and how hard people work to continue its existence. But I feel distanced from its current programmng and governing philosophies, and have no further desire to donate.

One more post about poetry rejections.

Names omitted here, primarily to stress the universality of these incidents happening to other poets/writers in their communities.

Years ago, I asked [poet/publisher] about publishing HOLLYWOOD POETRY. It wasn't a fit for her then-imprint--so it would have been given a different one, which meant it was only a novelty item at best. I let the matter drop and for the most part, with a couple of exceptions involving sincere support, things stayed superficially pleasant, I learned I wasn't on the same plane with the poets she coveted and truly cared about. Maybe this wouldn't have hurt so much if she hadn't called me a "fine poet" previously.

Last spring, I blocked [poet/proud MFA graduate/poetry zine editor] from Facebook after being rejected for [Los Angeles literary site].  Essentially, the omitted person was a poetry editor in name only for the site with the real decisions being made by its editor-in-chief--Mr. Omission was there to drum up a lot of people (including the core members of his reading) to send in submissions .  Whether right or wrong, I believe that--after years of his ostensible support--I'm now someone who can't "fit.".

What I learned again: poetry is another strain of show business insincerity: people like what you do until they gather enough stature to decide you don't fit--and they won't stand by your art because they want to impress others. Sure, they may be superficially pleasant, but otherwise, that's all. Thanks to [omitted] for making this clear to me.

Tuesday, December 27, 2016

Quotation from Chairman Murray.

The POETIX website is now a ghost ship suspended in cyberspace, but it exists to perhaps give future generations some understanding of how the Los Angeles poetry community wanted to present itself within and without its local/regional sphere.

In one of G. Murray Thomas's last reviews, he wrote this manifesto--yet another reiteration of the old "layers of meaning" (i.e. make it opaque and/or amorphous) canard:
In my opinion, all poetry (all art, in fact) needs to be open to interpretation. That is how we bring our own experiences to the poetry, and engage with it emotionally as well as intellectually.

The above is apparently preferable to understanding the poet's experiences and intent inherent in the poem he/she has written.

Tuesday, December 20, 2016

No avoiding Trump now.

Mitch McConnell, quoted by the Associated Press, summarizes the mixture of economic despair, pushback against social change and fiery blasts of hate (not counting Hillary's campaign flaws, Russian and FBI interference, etc.) that led to November's election and yesterday's Electoral College rubber stamp:
"Trump was able to convey — oddly enough a message from a billionaire who lives in Manhattan — a genuine concern for people who felt kind of left off, who felt offended by all the political correctness they see around them," he said.

Wednesday, December 14, 2016

Billy Collins explains serious poetry training to you.

In the past, I've appreciated Billy Collins's skill at being both well-crafted and accessible.  I even saw him a couple of times- (Skirball Cultural Center and Pepperdine University).

At Skirball, he seemed to be critical of MFA programs (which most poets consider vital to being taken seriously).

But he now seems to be no more than the kind of pedant routinely found in poetry circles--the kind of person who will inevitably make a snide reference to first-person poems (often, young poets start by writing about their experiences) as diary/journal entry poems or "teenage angst."

And, to top it off, you're not "real" if you don't read every syllable of The Classic Poets/Authors/Thinkers.

Here's Billy harrumphing at perceived Straw Amateurs  via the NPR website:

It really  lies in the simple act of reading tons of poetry. And I mean not just stuff you find in magazines but if you really want to be trained in poetry you need to read Milton — you need to read Paradise Lost. You need to read Wordsworth — you need to read Wordsworth's 'Prelude.'"
"That's if you want to take it seriously. If you don't want to take it seriously, you can just get a 79-cent pen and express yourself," he laughed. "No one's gonna read it with any pleasure because ... you haven't paid attention to what happened in the past."

Saturday, December 10, 2016

Someone else complains about the Guardians of the SoCal Poetry/Literary Galaxy.

Here's Chiwan Choi in CULTURAL WEEKLY:

Guessing a lot of the people Mr. Choi writes about will deny that race enters into decisions to hand out gilded passwords to the exclusive club.  But, at the very least, they have notions of class and their version of decorum as ways to limit the diversity of literary voices.

Thursday, December 8, 2016

Best (and otherwise) of 2016: Part One

Here's the first half of the list of notable films/TV of 2016 I saw in theatres or at home.  The second post (with updates/changes) will appear sometime in January.

Films (in no specific order):
A Bigger Splash
Manchester By The Sea
Popstar: Never Stop Never Stopping
10 Cloverfield Lane
Finding Dory
Love & Friendship
Queen of Katwe
Audrie & Daisy
Into The Inferno
Louder Than Bombs

Honorable Mention: Allied, Arrival, The Witness, Sully, Snowden, The Light Between Oceans, Denial, Maggie's Plan, The Meddler, De Palma, Cafe Society, Free State of Jones

Misfires: Rules Don't Apply, Batman v Superman Extended, Money Monster, Captain Fantastic

Insanely Overrated: Hell Or High Water

Somewhat Overrated: Blood Father, Hitchcock/Truffaut

Documentary Miniseries: OJ: Made In America

Sunday, December 4, 2016

here’s to the people who look the other way
when someone is encouraging the crowd
to close their eyes to simple decency
and hit strangers they don’t like--hard
here’s to the television news channels
on the left and the right
who look at neo-fascist rallies
as ratings opportunities,
waiting until old-fashioned newspapers
do actual reporting
before asking questions--
but not saying “fascism” or “lies”
because it displays a lack of “balance”
here’s to the people on social networks
who “don’t want to get political”
when friends and family
post ugly remarks and bigoted jokes
how will you cope with
the future you helped to create?
by doing the same old things
in the same old ways?


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The Carrion Flower

Not all carrion flowers are so small, however. The Amorphophallus titanum

Carrion flowers or stinking flowers are flowers that emit an odor that smells like rotting flesh. Carrion flowers attract mostly scavenging flies and beetles as pollinators.

Due to its odor, which is reminiscent of the smell of a decomposing mammal, the titan arum is characterized as a carrion flower, and is also known as the “corpse flower”, or “corpse plant” (Indonesian: bunga bangkai – bunga means flower, while bangkai means corpse or cadaver).

Top image via Cactus Blog.
Via Wikipedia.

Matterhorn from Zermatt, Switzerland

The Matterhorn was one of the last great Alpine peaks to be climbed and its first ascent marked the end of the golden age of alpinism.

It was made in 1865 by a party led by Edward Whymper and ended disastrously when four of its members fell to their deaths on the descent. The Matterhorn is one of the deadliest peaks in the Alps: from 1865 – when it was first climbed – to 1995, 500 alpinists died on it.

Zermatt on Wikipedia.
The Matterhorn on Wikipedia.

Image via

The Necronomicon

Do you want to be a nicer person? Are you looking for inspiration to do good things? Well keep looking. But if you’re into opening up terrifying vistas of reality then the Esoteric Order of the Old Ones and Cthulhu Cultists want to help. Contact us today to find out how.

One of my most favorite, favorite videos ever. Perfectly executed parody. “Does it help you be a nicer person?” Wellll…

The Electric Dog

The oldest “electric dog” that I’ve been able to find in my archive comes from the September 1923 issue of Practical Electrics magazine, a hobbyist magazine of the 1920s. The cover shows a man leading an “electric dog” by a cane while a woman and boy look on.

The accompanying article explained how to make your own electric dog. The magnetic cane directs movement, but the electric dog is actually self-propelled, as you can see from the illustration below.

Sparko was built after the massive success of another Westinghouse robot named Elektro, which took the 1939 New York World’s Fair by storm. At 65 pounds and about two feet tall, Sparko was built as Elektro’s best friend.

Via Smithsonian Magazine.

Bern, Switzerland

No archaeological evidence that indicates a settlement on the site of today′s city centre prior to the 12th century has been found so far. In antiquity, a Celtic oppidum stood on the “Engehalbinsel” north of Bern, fortified since the 2nd century BC, thought to be one of the twelve oppida of the Helvetii mentioned by Caesar.

During the Roman era, there was a Gallo-roman vicus on the same site. In the Early Middle Ages, there was a settlement in Bümpliz, now a city district of Bern, some 4 km (2 mi) from the medieval city.

The medieval city is a foundation of the Zähringer ruling family, which rose to power in Upper Burgundy in the 12th century. According to 14th century historiography, Bern was founded in 1191 by Berthold V, Duke of Zähringen.

Via 1000 Lonely Places and Wikipedia.


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Category Archives: Research

The steps that can help adults heal from childhood trauma

traumaPrevention is the mantra of modern medicine and public health. Benjamin Franklin said it himself: “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.”

Unfortunately, childhood adversities such as abuse and neglect cannot be prevented by vaccinations. As we now know, a large proportion of adults go through adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and can exhibit symptoms such as substance abuse. The symptoms seen in adults can in turn expose the next generation to adverse outcomes – creating a cycle that’s hard to break.

However, we can limit the impact of ACEs on future generations by taking a close look at what we are doing today – not only for our children, but for ourselves, as adults. Therefore, to prevent adversities for children, we must address the healing and recovery of trauma in adults.

Shifting the paradigm

The ACE Study, launched in the 1990s, offered a groundbreaking look at how childhood trauma can impact health decades later.

More than two-thirds of the 17,000-plus adults in our study reported at least one ACE, such as divorce, neglect or domestic violence in the household. These adults were at a greater risk for numerous negative health and behavioral outcomes.

When I present this research, I often get questions about the adult survivors. What has helped these adults survive to tell their childhood histories?

The ACE Study was not conceptualized to examine resilience. But I had always been curious about what helped these trauma survivors thrive. I wanted to understand not only what led to their ill health later in life, but what led some of them to report positive health, despite their backgrounds.

Promoting good health

Modern medicine and public health have traditionally focused on figuring out the origins of disease and how to prevent poor health.

In 1996, medical sociologist and anthropologist Aaron Antonovsky offered a different perspective. He suggested we look at health as a continuum and focus on what can promote good health. This approach, called salutogenesis, suggests that we as humans have the innate capacity to move toward health in the face of hardship.

Today, the World Health Organization defines health as “a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” I wondered how this approach might reflect on the adult survivors. What promotes their good health and positive well-being, knowing they are at risk for negative health conditions?

In 2013, my colleagues and I published a study examining approximately 5,000 adults from the original ACE study who reported at least one childhood adversity. We focused on strategies that have been proven to promote good health – such as exercise, abstaining from smoking, access to emotional support and completing education at the high school level or higher.

Indeed, each of the factors listed was associated with reports of excellent, very good or good health among adult survivors. Depending on the factor, there was a 30 to 80 percent increased likelhood that the adult would report positive well-being. Survivors who had a college education were 2.1 times more likely to report positive well-being than those with no high school diploma. These findings were after considering their chronic conditions. We also found that the four factors were associated with a lower likelihood to report depressive feelings.

When I repeated this study with a sample population of adult trauma survivors from four states and the District of Columbia, I found nearly identical results.

What’s more, the greater number of health-promoting activities a person participated in, the better their well-being seemed to be. Adult survivors with at least two factors were 1.5 times more likely to report good to excellent health. Those who reported all four factors were 4.3 times more likely to report good to excellent health, compared to those who engaged in none or one, even after considering their chronic conditions.

On average, trauma survivors who reported at least two of the health promoting factors had also experienced fewer mentally and physically unhealthy days in the past 30 days.

We have also learned that adult trauma survivors use complementary strategies such as yoga, massage, and dance therapy.

With that said, we need more rigorous studies to test these and other approaches that promote health and well-being. The studies presented examined only four factors and cannot be generalized to all adult survivors of ACEs.

How to start healing

From a survival perspective, the body can respond to perceived or actual threats with the “fight or flight” stress response. However, if this threat is constant, the endocrine and neuronal systems stay activated, which can overtax us and prevent the body from establishing homeostasis. Researchhas helped us to understand how disease can result from stress and trauma.

Just as we are biologically equipped with mechanisms to deal with threatening situations, our bodies are also equipped with neurochemicals like dopamine and GABA that provide feelings of security, happiness and motivation. We can ourselves activate these positive feelings through self-care. For example, in one study, massage was found to reduce cortisol and increase dopamine and serotonin.

There is no voodoo here. If we present our body and five senses with positive inputs – like calming music, unprocessed foods and walks through nature – we can stimulate our own system to regulate in a favorable way.

But these interventions may not be sufficient by themselves. Active counseling, the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy and in some cases medications or other health interventions may be needed.

We must recognize the strength and limitations of modern medicine and public health when it comes to addressing and preventing ACEs. Interrupting the cycle of abuse and neglect must first begin with adults. It will require an integrative and multigenerational approach that empowers individuals to heal their bodies, minds and spirits.

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Daunting new research out of the University of Helsinki claims that drinking alcohol, even during the early weeks of pregnancy, can cause irreversible damage to an unborn baby. The researchers claim that in the early stages of pregnancy, even before many women realize that they are pregnant, alcohol exposure can cause symptoms of fetal alcohol syndrome.

Fetal alcohol syndrome is an often brushed-over topic. Reports focus primarily on stunted growth and learning disabilities, but the reality of alcohol’s impact on a baby can be much more encompassing and individualized — affecting behavior, impulse control, learning, and numerous other areas. The research was done on mice, and the scientists say that this research supports earlier theories that drinking even during very early pregnancy can cause permanent damage to children.

The researchers said that maternal alcohol intake in early pregnancy changed the way genes function in the offspring exposed prenatally to alcohol. The changes were lasting and irreversible. The researchers warned that drinking alcohol, even as early as three weeks after conception, can cause symptoms that mirror fetal alcohol syndrome, including structural changes to the face and skull, and lasting, age-inappropriate hyperactivity.

Other symptoms of fetal alcohol exposure include teeth and mouth problems, hearing and ear problems, immune system weakness, defects in organs, muscular problems, hormonal disorders, and many more physical and cognitive issues. Lara Crutchfield, FASD trainer with FASD Today, detailed the specific physical and neurological damage that can be caused when a woman drinks during pregnancy. Some of this damage is unique to fetal alcohol exposure.

The researchers warned that early pregnancy is an especially dangerous time to consume alcohol, because it’s such an active time for cell division and differentiation, according to the Daily Mail. The research into maternal alcohol consumption during early pregnancy focused on the memory and learning center of the brain known as the hippocampus, which is especially sensitive to alcohol exposure. This exposure resulted in typical symptoms of fetal alcohol syndrome, but it also altered the epigenome and the function of many genes in the hippocampi. This damage lasted into the adulthood of the test subjects. The alcohol also changed the gene function of bone marrow. Dr Kaminen-Ahola explained.

“The results support our assumption that alcohol permanently alters gene regulation at a very early stage. This would be significant for the challenging diagnostics of alcohol-induced damage. The mechanisms and biological markers which can aid in diagnosis are studied so that we can offer the developmental support necessitated by the damage as early as possible. Ideally, a swipe sample from inside the mouth of a newborn could reveal the extent of damage caused by early pregnancy alcohol exposure.”

Last fall, research out the the University of North Carolina found that a significantly greater number of children probably suffer from fetal alcohol spectrum disorder than anyone ever suspected. Earlier this year, Professor Peter Hepper from Queen’s University Belfast broke the news that even drinking a half of a glass of wine with dinner could damage a baby’s brain, an earlier Inquisitr article detailed.

Some earlier research indicated that proper maternal intake of folate, choline, and vitamin A might offer some protection to unborn babies against the effects of fetal alcohol exposure.

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Bullied teens more likely to smoke, drink and use drugs

FILE PHOTO - A cigarette burns in an ashtray at a pub in Prague(Reuters Health) – Children who are bullied in fifth grade are more likely to become depressed and experiment with drugs and alcohol during their teen years than their peers who weren’t victimized by other kids, a U.S. study suggests.

Researchers followed almost 4,300 students starting in fifth grade, when they were around 11 years old. By tenth grade, 24 percent of the teens drank alcohol, 15 percent smoked marijuana and 12 percent used tobacco.

More frequent episodes of physical and emotional bullying in fifth grade were associated with higher odds of depression by seventh grade, which was in turn linked to greater likelihood of substance use later in adolescence, the study found.

“We drew on the self-medication hypothesis when trying to understand why peer victimization may lead to substance use over time,” said lead study author Valerie Earnshaw, a human development and family studies researcher at the University of Delaware in Newark.

“This suggests that people use substances to try to relieve painful feelings or control their emotions,” Earnshaw said by email. “So, youth who are bullied feel bad, or experience depressive symptoms, and then may use substances to try to feel better.”

For the study, researchers examined data from three surveys conducted from 2004 to 2011 among students at schools in Houston, Los Angeles and Birmingham, Alabama.

Students were asked if they had used tobacco, alcohol or marijuana in the past 30 days and how often they had been victims of bullying by their peers in the previous year. Questions on peer victimization touched on both physical aggression like shoving and kicking as well as emotional taunts like saying nasty things about them to other kids.

At the start of the study in fifth grade, about 10 percent of participants said they had been victims of bulling. This was more common among kids who had chronic illnesses, sexual minorities and boys.

By seventh grade, almost 2 percent of the students reported symptoms of depression.

And by the end of the study in tenth grade, substance use was more common among the kids who had previously reported bullying and depression.

The study isn’t a controlled experiment designed to prove that bullying directly causes depression or that mental health issues directly cause substance use. Another limitation of the study is its reliance on teens to accurately report any episodes of bullying, symptoms of depression or substance use, the authors note.

It’s also possible that teens who are bullied may later wind up drinking or using drugs because their peer groups include many adolescents who do both of these things, whether on sports teams or among crowds of particularly aggressive kids, said Bonnie Leadbeater, a psychology researcher at the University of Victoria in Canada.

“Being ‘trapped’ in these networks can be particularly problematic in high school, where you see the same people every day,” Leadbeater, who wasn’t involved in the study, said by email.

“Youth with multiple networks beyond school through sports, music, art, religious activities, volunteering and work are more apt to find friends and others who see their talents, strengths and abilities,” Leadbeater added. “These strengths are often established in late elementary school.”

The trouble with bullying that leads to mental health problems is that teens with depression and anxiety are more likely to withdraw from peers and lack interest in most things.

“Young teens need to have ways of dealing with peer conflict before it becomes bullying,” Leadbeater said. “Young teens need to believe that getting help is normative and that bullying is not.”

SOURCE: Pediatrics, online May 9, 2017.

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FASD and epigenetics

This Q&A, is a talk with Western University (Ontario) researcher Ben Laufer about the latest science on FASD and how it influences our genetics.

What is epigenetics?

Traditionally, science has told us that children are the sum of their parents’ genetics. Recently, though, we’ve discovered that it’s actually much more complicated. Just think about identical twins, who can have entirely different personalities and even contract different diseases. Another example is the famous case of Dolly the sheep – she had striking physical and mental differences from the “original” animal from which she was cloned.

Clearly, “nurture” ( life experience) influences “nature” (genetics). But there’s also another factor, one which is responsible for passing on the “memories” of the experiences of previous and current generations. This factor is called epigenetics, which is Latin for “above genetics.”

How does it work?

In a sense, the epigenome can be thought of as the software to our genetic hardware. It’s just like loading Word or Powerpoint on your computer: the software is a set of instructions to tell the hardware what it should do, where it should do it, and when it should happen. Another analogy is that the genetic code is the spelling of a language and the epigenome is the punctuation. A sentence can mean something completely different if you change its punctuation (remember Eats, Shoots, and Leaves?). Like raw computer hardware or a book with no punctuation, every cell in our body has essentially identical DNA. And yet, a liver cell is utterly different from a brain cell – all because of the epigenome.

For scientists, the debate over nature versus nurture has been solved. Rather than being separate forces, the two are intimately connected. In order to form and develop, humans need both genomes and epigenomes.

Epigenetics has resulted in a fundamental paradigm shift in science. It suggests that genetic determinism is an outdated concept. Epigenetic research shows that a child inherits more than the genes of their parents. DNA is not destiny. It’s just one piece of the puzzle.

What does epigenetics have to do with FASD?

Alcohol is part of a class of chemicals called teratogens, which are known for their devastating effect on the developing embryo/fetus. Alcohol is a textbook teratogen that acts by altering epigenetic marks through a complex process known as DNA methylation. Prenatal exposure to alcohol causes the widespread death of cells that the developing brain can’t afford to lose. Alcohol’s impact on the epigenome is what leads to Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD).

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), which is diagnosed in one percent of the general population, is the leading preventable cause of intellectual disability in the Western world. Unfortunately, when it comes to overall fetal alcohol exposure, the numbers are much higher than that. In Canada, 10-15% of pregnant women (depending on province) report they consume some alcohol during pregnancy. We do know that people tend to underreport the amount of alcohol they actually drink, which means the real numbers are probably even higher. Although alcohol-exposed children don’t all go on to develop full-blown FAS, many do fall under the much broader umbrella term of FASD. Even more might display challenges that don’t meet the threshold for an FASD diagnosis, but that may still be connected to the prenatal alcohol exposure. This represents a serious public health issue of unprecedented scale.

What is your research all about?

During my research with Dr. Shiva Singh and his lab at Western University, we’ve conducted numerous molecular and behavioural studies on mice. We found that prenatal alcohol exposure causes massive changes to the epigenome. We’ve also found that differences in the timing and level of alcohol exposure have a huge effect on what kinds of problems occur. Our findings were confirmed by more recent human analyses, which we worked on in collaboration with Dr. Joachim Kaplanga. We even identified a group of epigenetic alterations that can identify prenatal alcohol exposure non-invasively. However, it will be many years before we can develop these findings into a commonly accesible clinical test.

What are the implications of this research?

Despite the slow pace of the research world, the information we’ve discovered should be communicated to the public as soon as possible. One simple statement we can promote is, “No safe time, no safe amount [of alcohol].” Another important observation we can share is that the changes to the brain caused by prenatal alcohol exposure continue to affect brain development throughout childhood and even adulthood.

We’ve also learned two things that are very striking. In the past, we believed that the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure couldn’t be inherited by the affected person’s children. But research has shown that some of the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure can, in fact, be passed on to future generations via the epigenome. We also thought that the mother’s alcohol consumption during pregnancy was the only thing that mattered. What we’ve learned is that the father’s consumption of alcohol can alter his epigenome and cause deficits in his future children. It’s all a lot more complicated than we used to think.

What does this mean for parents, especially adoptive parents? Is there anything we can do with this knowledge?

It’s actually not all bad news! Plasticity is a key part of epigenetic programming and brain development. This means the epigenome is constantly sensing and adapting to its environment. We can’t yet correct the initial damage caused by fetal alcohol exposure, but plasticity means that effects on future development can be corrected, at least to some extent.

Dr. Singh and our lab are now examining how fetal alcohol exposed mice respond to different environments. Intriguingly, and inspiringly, what we see is that good parental care and an enriched environment make all the difference. It doesn’t just help – it actually brings the mouse to a level of mental functioning similar to their unexposed peers that are raised in a standard environment.

The opposite is also true. Fetal alcohol-exposed mice that experience poor levels of care are much more seriously affected. This means that while there may not be an absolute cure, there is a way to greatly help improve the quality of life for alcohol-exposed children: the love, care, and understanding of a family.

Ben Laufer is currently finishing his Ph.D. research in biology with Dr. Shiva Singh at Western University in Ontario. More information about their research and its impact can be found at

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Drinking in pregnancy: Excess transcription factor Heat Shock Factor 1 can delay embryonic neural migration

Summary: Transcription factor Heat Shock Factor 1, which the developing brain releases to shield the vital organ from the ravages of environmental stress, actually can contribute to impairing the embryonic brain when too much Hsf1 is produced, research indicates. While the finding was made in a preclinical model, it raises questions about neural risks for human infants if mothers drink alcohol in the first or second trimester of pregnancy.

When fetuses are chronically exposed to harmful agents in utero, such as alcohol, ethanol or methyl mercury, the experience can negatively affect fetal brain development in unpredictable ways. Some fetal brains show little or no damage, while some fetal brains suffer severe damage. By looking back to the earliest moments of embryonic brain development, an international research team that includes five Children’s National authors sought to explain the molecular and cellular bases for complex congenital brain disorders that can result from exposure to such harmful agents.

“From a public health perspective, there is ongoing debate about whether there is any level of drinking by pregnant women that is ‘safe,’ ” says Kazue Hashimoto-Torii, Ph.D., principal investigator in the Center for Neuroscience Research at Children’s National and senior author of the paper published May 2 in Nature Communications. “We gave ethanol to pregnant preclinical models and found their offspring’s neural cells experienced widely differing responses to this environmental stress. It remains unclear which precise threshold of stress exposure represents the tipping point, transforming what should be a neuroprotective response into a damaging response. Even at lower levels of alcohol exposure, however, the risk for fetal neural cells is not zero,” Hashimoto-Torii adds.

The cerebral cortex — the thin outer layer of the cerebrum and cerebellum that enables the brain to process information — is particularly vulnerable to disturbances in the womb, the study authors write. To fend off insult, neural cells employ a number of self-preservation strategies, including launching the protective Hsf1-Heat shock protein (Hsp) signaling pathway that is used by a wide range of organisms, from single-cell microbes to humans. Developing fetuses activate Hsf1-Hsp signaling upon exposure to environmental stressors, some to no avail.

To help unravel the neurological mystery, the research sleuths used a method that allows a single molecule to fluoresce during stress exposure. They tapped specific environmental stressors, such as ethanol, hydrogen peroxide and methyl mercury — each of which are known to produce oxidative stress at defined concentrations. And, using an experimental model, they examined the Hsf1 activation pattern in the developing cerebral cortex by creating a marker, an encoding gene tagged with a type of fluorescent protein that makes it glow bright red.

“Our results suggest that heterogeneous events of abnormal brain development may occur probabilistically — which explains patterns of cortical malformations that vary with each individual, even when these individuals are exposed to similar levels of environmental stressors,” Hashimoto-Torii adds.

Among the more striking findings, neural cells with excessively high levels of Hsf1-Hsp activation due to ethanol exposure experience disruptions to normal development, with delayed migration by immature cortical neurons. For the fetal brain to develop normally, neurons need to migrate to precise places in the brain at just the right time to enable robust neural connections. When neurons fail to arrive at their destinations or get there too late, there can be gaps in the neural network, compromising efficient and effective communication across the brain’s various regions.

“Even a short period of Hsf1 overactivation during prenatal development causes critical neuronal migration deficiency. The severity of deficiency depends on the duration of Hsf1 overactivation,” she says. “Expression patterns vary, however, across various tissues. Stochastic response within individual cells may be largely responsible for variability seen within tissue and organs.”

The research team found one bright spot: Cortical neurons that stalled due to lack of the microtubule-associated molecule Dcx were able to regain their ability to migrate properly when the gene was replenished after birth. A reduction in Hsf1 activity after birth, however, did not show the same ability to trigger the “reset” button on neural development.

“The finding suggests that genes other than microtubule-associated genes may play pivotal roles in ensuring that migrating neurons reach their assigned destinations in the brain at the right time — despite the added challenge of excessive Hsf1 activation,” according to Hashimoto-Torii.

Retrieved from:

Alcohol abuse even before pregnancy may harm offspring

ORLANDO–Mothers who binge drink before they become pregnant may be more likely to have children with high blood sugar and other changes in glucose function that increase their risk of developing diabetes as adults, according to a new study conducted in rats. The results will be presented Sunday at the Endocrine Society’s 99th annual meeting in Orlando, Fla.

“The effects of alcohol use during pregnancy on an unborn child are well known, including possible birth defects and learning and behavior problems. However, it is not known whether a mother’s alcohol use before conception also could have negative effects on her child’s health and disease susceptibility during adulthood,” said principal investigator Dipak Sarkar, Ph.D., DPhil, a distinguished professor at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, N.J., and director of its endocrine research program.

Binge drinking is common in the United States. Among alcohol users 18 to 44 years old, 15 percent of nonpregnant women and 1.4 percent of pregnant women report that they binge drank in the past month, according to a 2012 phone survey from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). For women, binge drinking is the equivalent of four or more drinks in about two hours.

To assess the effects of preconception alcohol use, Sarkar, with doctoral candidate Ali Al-Yasari, MS, and their colleagues, conducted a study, funded by the National Institutes of Health, in rats, whose basic processes of glucose function are similar to those in humans, Sarkar said. For four weeks, they gave female rats a diet containing 6.7 percent alcohol, which raised their blood alcohol levels to those of binge drinking in humans. Alcohol was then removed from the rats’ diet, and they were bred 3 weeks later, equal to several months in humans. Adult offspring of these rats were compared with control offspring: the offspring of rats that did not receive alcohol before conception. (One control group received regular rat chow and water, and the other received a nonalcoholic liquid diet equal in calories to the alcohol feedings.)

After the rats’ offspring reached adulthood, the researchers used standard laboratory techniques to monitor their levels of blood glucose and insulin and two other important hormones, glucagon and leptin. Glucagon stimulates the liver to convert glycogen (stored glucose) into glucose to move to the blood, making blood glucose levels higher. Although the main function of leptin is inhibiting appetite, it also reduces the glucose-stimulated insulin production by the pancreas.

The research team found that, compared with both groups of control offspring, the offspring of rats exposed to alcohol before conception had several signs of abnormal glucose homeostasis (function). Altered glucose homeostasis reportedly included increased blood glucose levels, decreased insulin levels in the blood and pancreatic tissue, reduced glucagon levels in the blood while being increased in pancreatic tissue, and raised blood levels of leptin.

Additionally, the researchers said they found evidence that preconception alcohol exposure increased the expression of some inflammatory markers in pancreatic tissue. Al-Yasari said this might lower insulin production and action on the liver that increases blood glucose levels. The overexpression of inflammatory markers may be how pre-pregnancy alcohol use altered normal glucose homeostasis in the offspring, he stated.

“These findings suggest that [the effects of] a mother’s alcohol misuse before conception may be passed on to her offspring,” Al-Yasari said. “These changes could have lifelong effects on the offspring’s glucose homeostasis and possibly increase their susceptibility to diabetes.”

Retrieved from:

Do Women Really Stop Drinking When They Find Out They’re Pregnant?

Recommendations surrounding women’s health before, during, and after pregnancy haven’t always been straightforward or easy to digest. Prime example: Whether or not it’s safe to drink during pregnancy and how much? To take a closer look at what’s really going on, Katherine Hartmann, M.D., Ph.D., deputy director of the Institute for Medicine and Public Health at Vanderbilt University, went searching for answers—real numbers indicating whether women, specifically newly pregnant women, were actually pouring themselves that glass of red wine.

Hartmann’s research, which was published in the April 2017 issue of Obstetrics & Gynecology, comes after a public firestorm arose when the CDC issued a new recommendation that all women who are planning a pregnancy or not using reliable contraception should abstain from alcohol use entirely. That’s a pretty sweeping call-to-action, considering there are 61 million American women of reproductive age, and about 43 million are considered to be “potentially at risk of becoming pregnant,” according to the study. It’s also a slightly concerning suggestion, given that past research has found conflicting results as to whether it’s actually NBD if a woman has a drink every now and again early on in her pregnancy.

So Hartmann’s team analyzed pregnant women’s alcohol consumption overall, theorizing that “whether or not it was a planned pregnancy or an unintended one, as soon as people had a positive pregnancy test, they [would] quit,” she says. That way, rather than looking at whether or not alcohol is safe in the early conception window, they would find out what habits these pregnant women had in the first place.

Hartmann and her colleagues looked at more than 5,000 female participants enrolled in the Right From the Start program, a study of early pregnancy health conducted in eight different cities around the country. When the women involved found out they were pregnant, the results showed an incredible 90 percent stopped drinking alcohol entirely, while another 8 percent made some sort of reduction of their intake.
Their findings imply that access to inexpensive pregnancy tests—with encouragement to take the test shortly after a missed period—could actually be a stronger preventative strategy to limiting alcohol exposure to the fetus. Just be smart about your contraception methods, and if you’re not looking to get pregnant anytime soon, make sure you’re still practicing safe sex. (Here’s how to find the best birth control for you.)
As for how much women can or should drink during pregnancy, that’s Hartmann’s next area of study. The infographic that lays out Hartmann’s current findings.
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Do I Really Have to Teach Reading? by Cris Tovani

The answer to the questions, "Do I really have to teach reading?"

Tia Mitchell

on 25 April 2011

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Transcript of Do I Really Have to Teach Reading? by Cris Tovani

Do I Really Have to Teach Reading? by Cris Tovani deeper understanding make connections read/write thoughtfully Students: Teachers:
1. Model effective strategies
2. Share personal struggeles
3. Asking questions is OK
4. Push for independent thinking prior knowledge
draw inferences
determine importance How? Thinking Strategies
1. So what?
2. Reread
3. Extend prior knowledge
4. Find enjoyment in text visualize Identify struggles
Select challenging text
Model reading
Share how to overcome struggle Choice of interest to student beneficial to student can do purpose Focus Ability topic not textbook text sets worthy of time accessible text connections to
real world not boring! Comprendo?
reciting or conversation voice? marking text? read pictures getting unstuck? highlighters
sticky notes
write on text constructors
note sheets
group think
What I do... Group work Love it! :)=) Hate it! ;( What worked? What didn't work? Students say... Share ideas! :) Before reading activities Future = group work no "one right answer"
LIBERATING ask questions, offer opinions,
disagree, offer proof Assessment: variety of ways to
demonstrate understanding educate and
improve performance,
not audit performance grade completion
of specified tasks response logs
group discussion Get to know students via
conversation calendars Folder collection of
work samples Teachers must be continual
learners (in the seat of a student.) Remember what it is like to:
sit through 2 hour lecture, or
not be allowed to go to restroom, or
sit in freezing classroom. checkpoints Don't major on the minors! "Do I do this or that?" Better to have a "thinking
teacher" in the classroom rather
than a "worksheet distributing
technician." Teachers should NEVER be happy! ;) Grace reigns. We never have all the answers; therefore, we need to continue asking questions! Engaged, lifelong learners??? or this... So, do I really have to teach
reading? You better believe it! The End
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Real Life Applications of Trigonometry

Maths Project

Madhur Tandon

on 25 January 2013

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Transcript of Real Life Applications of Trigonometry

By Madhur Tandon Real Life Applications of Trigonometry-A Journey Application Of Trigonometry Conclusion Let's explore areas where this science finds use in our daily activities and how we can use this to resolve problems we might encounter. Although it is unlikely that one will ever need to directly apply a trigonometric function in solving a practical issue, the fundamental background of the science finds usage in areas which is passion for many. You cannot separate architecture from trigonometry, which is critical for curving surfaces in building materials such as steel and glass. The science is used to find the heights of buildings, or create dimensional objects to use in buildings. Trigonometry is used to make demarcations for cubicles in an office building. It is useful when designing a building to predetermine geometrical patterns and how much material and labor will required in order to erect a structure. When the building is erected, it will not only be strong, it will have accurate measurements. Architecture Several imaging technologies That apply the concepts of trigonometry find usage in medicine. The advanced scanning procedure, The practical application of medical techniques such as CAT and MRI scanning, in detecting tumors and even in laser treatments, etc. use the sine and cosine functions. Medical Techniques Trigonometry was born as a complement to astronomy. The foundations of trigonometry allowed astronomers to determine all sorts of information about stellar bodies, including distances, mass, orbits and speed. Trigonometric functions give us the ability to figure out these things through inference since we do not have the capability to simply go measure it. Because astronomical bodies exist on much larger scales than things on earth, mathematics is the only way to deal with them practically. The depth of our knowledge would be much less without trigonometry to help fill in the gaps. Astronomy Trigonometry is a dirty word for many adults and students alike. It conjures up visions of complicated equations, functions, graphs and geometrical shapes. However, Trigonometry has many applications in the modern world. Without it, many modern industries and sciences would simply not exist. By learning a few "real world" applications of trigonometry, one can see just how important and indispensable this branch of mathematics really is to our world. What began as the computational side of geometry blossomed into a full science in and of itself. Digital imaging is another real life application of this marvelous science. Computer generation of complex imagery is made possible by the use of geometrical patterns that define the precise location and color of each of the infinite points on the image to be created. The image is made detailed and accurate by a technique referred to as triangulation. The edges of the triangles that form the image make a wire frame of the object to be created and contribute to a realistic picture. Digital Imaging Trigonometry plays a huge role in all varieties of physics. For example, consider that radio, microwave, and electromagnetic waves are all measured and graphed with trigonometric functions such as sine and cosine. Physics concerns itself greatly with three-dimensional space. Mathematics is critical being able to determine values and help identify the nature of something in the space it exists in. Trigonometry is used so much in physics that it is as prevalent as simple addition and subtraction for the average person. Physics Sound engineers who work in advancing computer music and hi-tech composers have to apply the basic law of trigonometry such as the cosine and sine function. Music waves patterns are not as regular as sine and cosine function, but it is still helpful in developing computer music. Music Production
Trigonometry is an area of mathematics that probes the property of triangles. It is used in satellite systems and astronomy, aviation, engineering, land surveying, geography and many other fields. Precisely, trigonometry is a branch of mathematics that deals with triangles, circles, weaves and oscillations. What is Trigonometry ? The techniques in trigonometry are used for finding relevance in navigation particularly satellite systems and astronomy, naval and aviation industries, oceanography, land surveying, and in cartography (creation of maps). Trigonometry is a subset of mathematics that deals with right triangles and their graphs. There are six primary graphs or functions in trigonometry, but they all stem from the sine, cosine and tangent equations. These three functions are the proportions of the sides of a right triangle to the angles. In addition, the trigonometric formulas relate to circles and graphs making them useful to many different subsets of math and science. Ptolemy used trigonometric tables for navigation as early as the first century. Christopher Columbus kept these on hand during his voyages to the New World for the same purpose. The ability of trigonometry to help us understand positions on a spherical-shaped planet make it critical to modern conveniences such as global navigation and sonar. Surveyors use trigonometric functions when making maps and analyzing areas for construction projects. Geography Triangulation, which is an application of trigonometry, is also used in satellite navigation systems. For instance, a pilot taking off from JFK airport in New York will have to know which angle to take off from and when to turn at a certain angle in the sky in order to reach Heathrow airport in London. Navigation
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10 February 2015

SPRING 2015 - noi publishing

Today we start with some of the gorgeous new arrivals at UK card company Noi Publishing. Designer Tracy Francis has produced some really beautiful florals, sweet cats, and cool typography on cards and wrapping paper for her 2015 collection.

And for bold and quirky Valentines cards look out for these from Noi Publishing featuring a fun cat design and cool hand drawn type.

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Multiple Navigation Service

Feb 14, 2013 at 9:03 PM
What have seen so far from Kona Guidance is very good, seems to handle everything an LOB needs but I have this use case, the application i'm building need to have different navigation stack for multiple sub-applications , here Microsoft calls it Hierarchical and Flat system or navigation, the application needs both.

A Flat system where each Sub-App on the top bar would START a new Hierarchical navigation system, then if the user decides to , he could switch from one app to another by use the flat navigation system, which will re-position him at the right place. This looks a lot like the modern IE 10 in windows 8.

is it possible to handle this use case without any changes to the NavigationService?

Thanks and continue your good work.
Feb 15, 2013 at 6:36 PM
Thanks for your question. I'd imagine you would need a separate frame and associated NavigationService for each tab in the flat system. We didn't push on this scenario in our current guidance.
Feb 16, 2013 at 3:51 PM
I thought I'd drop in a few notes on this subject as abstracting the navigation stacks is something I'm working on currently with my Okra App Framework, and this scenario is one in particular I was looking to improve support for. If fact the requirement for multiple navigation structures is more generic than just this - for example all of file pickers/settings panes/share target/etc. each have their own independent navigation stacks and managing this in an MVVM manner can be quite difficult.

As fcheung commented this scenario will need a separate NavigationService. And there are a number of things to think about,
  • Different navigation stacks may have different properties. For example the main navigation stack shouldn't navigate back before the first page, whilst a settings pane lets you navigation back to the settings list. In Okra I have an INavigationBase (and abstract NavigationBase implementation) that abstracts this concept.
  • Persistence of state when suspending - for example in this case the root frame will need to store the current "sub-application" as well as each individual navigation stack.
  • Multiple lifetimes - not so much of an issue in this scenario, but hosted application views (file pickers etc.) may run outside of the main application's lifetime.
  • How does the view-model know which navigation service to send navigation requests to - in particular if a view/view-model is shared between multiple sub-applications. In Okra I am about to push some new code in that allows the view-model to import an INavigationContext that has a GetCurrent() method to return the currently relevant navigation service for this view-model.
I'll try to get a sample demonstrating how I would expect this to work with Okra after my next release.
Feb 20, 2013 at 7:37 PM
I'm really interested in seeing that code of your when it is finished.

I might have to look at your framework, seems promising.
Feb 21, 2013 at 11:49 AM
I will post here when I have something more concrete. I can update though to say that I have a proof-of-concept demo app with multiple navigation working, and will tidy this up and release it with the next release of Okra (the required APIs are in the current source code drop, but these need finalizing before I make a full release).

Thanks for you interest,


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Time to Rise and Shine!

Renegade Thoughts

inner star shine

Give in to the thought that you are not taking a chance on losing your sanity by thinking that there is life elsewhere in the universe, and you might have to entertain another thought: Is there life from elsewhere that is here with us now? Many of you have explored such thoughts and come to the conclusion that it is neither sane nor reasonable to think otherwise than that there is such an abundance of life in the universe you inhabit. Those of you who have wrestled with such thinking, or those who have always known it to be thus, are the ones who are going to have some explaining to do in the short-term forecast when the reality of the situation bumps into those minds which have not yet fathomed the weirdness nexus on that particular point. We are practiced in the art of explaining ourselves, and we have…

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Review: The Walking Dead ‘Prey’ – Why Would I Do That

the walking dead s2 ep14

The Walking Dead always has more focus with less characters, a trait that shows up again in ‘Prey’, an episode that may not do a lot to redeem the season as a whole, but stands as a fun little side adventure as we inch towards the season endgame. For an episode that spends the majority of its running time with the show’s most frustrating character, ‘Prey’ is best spent away from the other characters in one of the season’s best sequences, a cat and mouse game between Andrea and the Governor playing out in a walker-filled warehouse.

There are some jarring changes at the beginning: the writers have finally thrown out attempts to humanize the Governor, and have fully embraced the campy psychotic tone I wish we would’ve seen earlier on. He’s camped out to the max here: setting up a torture chair, recording himself whistling, and sneering in the face of anyone who questions him. But this change isn’t completely welcome: his humanizing qualities were always tied to his motivations to keep a peaceful town, motivations that seem to have been thrown out in favor of genocide and tyrannical life. At this point, however, a Governor with direction and purpose is better than the inconsistent character we’ve seen so far.

It’s also nice to see Andrea show some intelligence, finally getting the hell out of Woodbury and outsmarting the Governor as he cornered her in a corner of the warehouse. But then it takes a bad turn – I couldn’t get over the fact she went nowhere near the Governor’s truck when she escaped. Even if the keys weren’t there, she could’ve slashed the tires, taken his weapons… done something to improve her situation. And I’m a little worried about where they’re going with her now – it appears that the Governor is going to take all his frustrations out on her with his tools, which includes a speculum that he taps enthusiastically, as if looking forward to giving her a thorough gynecological exam.

The time not spent with Andrea is spent with Tyreese – and unfortunately, most of this falls flat. Who gives a shit what Allen thinks – have we heard him talk to this point? And there isn’t enough weight given to his decision to stay with the group – is he doing it because he believes in the Governor, because he doesn’t think they have any other options, or he wants revenge on Rick for shunning them? It’s not really clear, especially without showing Tyreese’s though process in accepting the oddities surrounding the Governor and his explicitly stated motives.

To its benefit, ‘Prey’ doesn’t stick around too long there, dedicating most of its attention to the warehouse sequence, some of the finest work we’ve seen, embracing a campy, old-school horror film vibe, underlined by the dramatic, understated score. That sequence alone makes ‘Prey’ one of the better episodes of the season’s second half, despite some abrupt character changes – and questionable choices by said characters.

Grade: B

Other thoughts/observations:

– it appears Milton lit the walkers on fire, a thoroughly lame attempt at rebellion on his part.

– Tyreese has survived for a year, and hasn’t learned any weapon skills yet? C’mon!

– the opening scene would’ve been so much better had it happened ten episodes ago. Here, it feels tacked on, pointless except to show that Michonne doesn’t like to talk about her feelings (what a surprising turn of events, right?)

– every time Andrea relaxed for a second, she was screwed.

– *SMALL COMIC BOOK SPOILER* I’m a little worried the Governor’s treatment of Michonne is going to be transferred to Andrea for the television show. It certainly doesn’t look good.

– if any episode could’ve spent more time with Milton, it was this one. Wish we saw more of his frustrations, instead of him being the wary nerd in the background.

What did you think?

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Tag Archives: First look

Another SoC/SBC First Look

Figure 1: A recent addition to the SoC herd is the xu4 from Hardkernel … (click to enlarge) Posted 06/30/2016: I love to get the brown non-descript boxes in the mail, especially when those boxes contain more SoC/SBC investigative opportunities. … Continue reading

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Junior Music and Sound Design

Play your favorite game on mute or watch an animation in silence and you’ll quickly realize how important sound and music are when it comes to creating a fun and engaging experience. Through the creation of a variety of musical instruments, students in this workshop study the science of how sounds are made and heard. Students also learn the fundamentals of sound production and are introduced to the basic process of writing and performing their own music.

Students will learn:

  • The theory behind sound and how it is heard
  • How to construct various instruments
  • Basic music and composition theory
  • Implementation of sound into games and animations

This course is open to students entering Grades 4 through 7.

Schedule and Tuition

Schedule for 2017

Junior Workshop hours are Monday-Friday, 8:30 a.m – 3:30 p.m. Students should arrive no more than 30 minutes prior to the start of class. There are free optional after-workshop activities most days from 3:30 pm – 5:00 pm.*

*Due to the July 4th holiday, Session 1 hours will be 8:30 a.m. - 4:00 p.m.  After-workshop activities will be from 4:00 p.m. - 5:30 p.m.

Junior Workshops

Session 1*
June 26–July 7
Session 2
July 10–21
Session 3
July 24–Aug 4
Session 4
Aug 7–18
Junior Music and Sound Design  n/a n/a

Workshops marked "n/a" are not being offered during that session.

DigiPen's ProjectFUN offers workshops, camps and college prep courses for kids and teens. Technology courses are held in Redmond, WA (near Seattle and Bellevue), and online.


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Blog Archives

Beet Salad with Ginger Dressing

The sweetness of beets is a natural match for ginger’s spicier side. Beets can be roasted up to 3 days ahead of time; simply bring them to room temperature before serving. INGREDIENTS 6 small beets (about 2 pounds), scrubbed 2

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Posted in Beets, Carbohydrates, Ginger, Healthy Eating, Himalayan Salt, Nuts, Paleo, Recipes, Vegetarian

What Pink Himalayan Salt Can do For Your Body

The Himalayan mountain range can be found across Asia, passing through India, China, Nepal, Pakistan, Myanmar, Bhutan and Afghanistan.  Mount Everest is also located in the Himalayan Mountains range and is the highest peak on the planet.  Something else that

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Turmeric Sale!


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Competitive Advantage Through IT

The Impact of Information Technology on Business Operations

Information technology has revolutionized the way companies conduct business. Small businesses now have access to resources and can implement business technology that can compete with  larger organizations. Since 1998 ProLogic IT has been strategically aligning IT with business objectives in order to dramatically improve profitability and gain a competitive edge.
If your organization is looking to capitalize on the powerful tools Information Technology offers, ProLogic IT can help you achieve your company’s business visions and objectives.

The ProLogic IT Difference

Most IT service providers focus on , hardware & software installation, system management and user support.  ProLogic IT takes a different approach and takes a holistic look at your operations and its underlying processes,then aligns IT with process improvement to help you reach your business goals.

Take a moment to call us at 714 903-2153 to learn more or email


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Mar 14

March 14, 2016

Hotel Arts Barcelona
Marina 19-21
08005 Barcelona

PromaxBDA Europe Conference 2016
March 14, 2016 Barcelona

Europe’s leading broadcasters and agencies are coming to Barcelona for PromaxBDA Europe 2016 — two days of industry-leading insight, strategy, creativity and professional development — all designed to help today’s entertainment marketing, promotion, and design professional stay ahead of the curve and Create What’s Next for their brands, their clients, and themselves.

Immerse yourself in the topics, tools, and trends that will help you stay strategically relevant and creatively motivated in this ever-evolving industry.

Barcelona Hotel Arts PromaxBDA

Hotel Arts Barcelona
Marina 19-21 - 08005 Barcelona, Spain
Tel. +34 93 221 1000

A special rate of 195EUR per night which includes (1) breakfast & in-room wifi, is available when using the following group code PA5PA5A. All reservations must be made by FEBRUARY 18TH .

All reservation requests will require a credit card & %100 deposit. Please note, room reservations may be cancelled without penalty up to 72 hours prior to your check in date. Any cancellations after 72 hours of your check in date will be charged for the entire stay of the reservation. Additional cancellation policy information can be found when booking the reservation online under the link for "Rate Rules.”

Barcelona Hotel Arts PromaxBDA

Barcelona Hotel Arts PromaxBDA

Barcelona Hotel Arts PromaxBDA

air and rail

PromaxBDA Europe Conference 2016 Official Airline Alliance

oneworld is pleased to be the official airline alliance of 2016 PromaxBDA Europe Conference.

Click here to book your flights and enjoy the benefits.

oneworld®, the premier global airline alliance, brings together 15 leading airlines from around the world - airberlin, American Airlines, British Airways, Cathay Pacific Airways, Finnair, Iberia, Japan Airlines, LAN Airlines, TAM Airlines, Malaysia Airlines, Qantas, Qatar Airways, Royal Jordanian, S7 Airlines and SriLankan Airlines. Together with around 30 affiliate members, oneworld’s network currently serves more than 1,000 destinations in 155 countries.

attendee benefits

  • Attractive flight discounts for attendees and one travel companion.
  • Flights available from all oneworld member airlines and affiliates.
  • User-friendly booking tool that will display the most convenient flights and multiple fare options.
  • 24-hour support desk – reach us by email or phone.
  • Earn rewards and tier status points on oneworld eligible flights.
  • Frequent flyer privileges, including, for top tier cardholders, access to some 600 premium airport lounges worldwide, fasttrack at security lanes in selected airports and extra baggage allowance.
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Visit www.oneworld.com/events and enter event code OW67C15 to log in as an attendee and access our convenient online booking tool, customized with your event information. You and a travel companion can then book discounted flights for travel seven days before and seven days after the event. Fares will be available up to twelve months prior to the event.

For more information please visit www.oneworld.com

RENFE is proud to be the official rail partner of the PromaxBDA Europe Conference 2016.

PromaxBDA attendees can take advantage of a 30% discount on all travel on domestic routes to and from Barcelona-Sants or Barcelona Estació de França.

Buy your tickets online or bring this coupon to any RENFE ticket office, train station, or travel agency.

No stopovers are allowed, except when and change of train is required. See full terms and conditions. This offer cannot be combined with any other promotions or discounts.

View and Print the PromaxBDA Europe Discount Coupon.

Visit www.renfe.com for more information.

More information coming soon.

For sponsorship opportunities, please contact Tara Keane, Europe Sales Director at Tara.Keane@promaxbda.org.

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