text:
Full text
Procedure : 2012/2043(INI)
Document stages in plenary
Document selected : A7-0216/2012

Texts tabled :

Debates :

PV 02/07/2012 - 23
CRE 02/07/2012 - 23

Votes :

PV 04/07/2012 - 7.13
Explanations of votes
Explanations of votes

Texts adopted :

Texts adopted
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Wednesday, 4 July 2012 - Strasbourg Final edition
Strategy for the protection and welfare of animals

European Parliament resolution of 4 July 2012 on the European Union Strategy for the Protection and Welfare of Animals 2012–2015 (2012/2043(INI))

The European Parliament ,

–  having regard to the Commission Communication of 19 January 2012 on an EU Strategy for the Protection and Welfare of Animals 2012–2015 (COM(2012)0006),

–  having regard to Articles 7 and 13 of the Treaty of the Functioning of the European Union,

–  having regard to its resolution of 12 October 2006 on a Community Action Plan on the protection and welfare of Animals 2006–2010(1) ,

–  having regard to its resolution of 22 May 2008 on a new animal health strategy for the European union 2007–2013(2) ,

–  having regard to its position of 6 May 2009 on the proposal for a Council regulation on the protection of animals at the time of killing(3) ,

–  having regard to its resolution of 5 May 2010 on evaluation and assessment of the animal welfare action plan 2006–2010(4) ,

–  having regard to its resolution of 12 May 2011 on antibiotic resistance(5) ,

–  having regard to its resolution of 8 March 2011 on EU agriculture and international trade(6) ,

–  having regard to its declaration of 15 March 2012 on the establishment of a maximum 8-hour journey limit for animals transported in the European Union for the purpose of being slaughtered(7) ;

–  having regard to its declaration of 13 October 2011 on dog population management in the European Union(8) ,

–  having regard to the Agriculture and Fisheries Council Conclusions of 29 November 2010 on the welfare of dogs and cats,

–  having regard to the Commission Communication of 15 November 2011 on an action plan against antimicrobial resistance (COM(2011)0748),

–  having regard to the Commission Communication of 10 November 2011 on the impact of the Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2005 on the protection of animals during transport (COM(2011)0700),

–  having regard to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) scientific opinion of 2 December 2010 on animal welfare during transport(9) ,

–  having regard to the EFSA scientific opinion of 13 December 2011 on Guidance on Risk Assessment for Animal Welfare(10) ,

–  having regard to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) definition of animal welfare(11) ,

–  having regard to the twelve additional Principles and criteria of good Animal Welfare developed by the Welfare Quality Project(12) ,

–  having regard to Council Decision 78/923/EEC of 19 June 1978 concerning the conclusion of the European Convention for the protection of animals kept for farming purposes(13) ,

–  having regard to the European Convention for the Protection of Pet Animals(14) ,

–  having regard to Regulation (EC) No 882/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council on official controls performed to ensure the verification of compliance with feed and food law, animal health and animal welfare rules(15) ,

–  having regard to Council Directive 1999/22/EC of 29 March 1999 relating to the keeping of wild animals in zoos(16) ,

–  having regard to Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes(17) ,

–  having regard to the Communication from the Commission of 24 July 2009 on mainstreaming sustainable development into EU policies and on the 2009 Review of the European Union Strategy for Sustainable Development (COM(2009)0400),

–  having regard to the Commission Communication of 28 October 2009 on options for animal welfare labelling and the establishment of a European Network of Reference Centres for the protection and welfare of animals (COM(2009)0584),

–  having regard to Rule 48 of its Rules of Procedure,

–  having regard to the report of the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development and the opinion of the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety and the Committee on Petitions (A7-0216/2012),

A.  whereas a high level of animal welfare, which is part of sustainable development, is important to protect animal health and to ensure productivity, although it entails additional operating costs that are not distributed proportionately throughout the food chain;

B.  whereas the deterioration in the state of health of wild animals, whose numbers are increasing in the majority of Member States, could result in an increased spread of contagious diseases to domestic animals and, at the same time, have an adverse effect on public health;

C.  whereas EU and national rules on animal welfare, owing to their complexity and differing interpretations, create legal uncertainty and can put producers in certain Member States at a serious competitive disadvantage; whereas with regards to the implementation of EU law, a lack of compliance, unharmonised standards and the absence of legal milestones distorts competition and results in an unlevel playing field;

D.  whereas national rules on animal welfare must not be contrary to the principles of the EU single market;

E.  whereas the approach to animal welfare should be based on solid scientific evidence and the best scientific knowledge, keeping in mind the need for simplification, cost-efficiency, applicability of standards and consistency with, in particular, environmental and public health policy;

F.  whereas modern consumers reasonably expect farm livestock to be entitled to the same necessities as humans are: good food, good living conditions and appropriate medical care;

G.  whereas animal health standards are of vital importance for livestock management in Europe, which has an increasing impact on the level of competitiveness of agricultural holdings;

1.  Welcomes the broad Animal Welfare Strategy for the EU in 2012–2015;

2.  Recalls that Article 13 of the Treaty is of general application and, as such, is as important as the provisions for environment or consumer protection, and takes legal precedence over all internal market policies;

3.  Stresses that animal welfare is a complex and multifaceted issue that has an impact on international and domestic policies, and has important ethical, scientific, economic, cultural and political dimensions;

4.  Welcomes the Commission’s intention to address the issue of compliance with animal welfare law as a matter of priority;

5.  Welcomes the fact that the strategy paper outlines a policy whereby consumer choice mobilises consumer markets for animal welfare-friendly products and harnesses the forces of the common market for the welfare of farm animals;

6.  Deplores the fact that some actions from the Action Plan for 2006–2010 could not be completed, and calls on the Commission to align the target dates for the new actions to the legal deadlines;

7.  Deplores the fact that the Strategy has not received the financial backing which the Parliament requested in its resolution of 5 May 2010; calls on the Commission to increase this backing by reprioritising, and by ensuring a better and more coherent integration of animal welfare in other EU policy areas, such as consumer policy, research programmes, and the CAP, as appropriate;

8.  Welcomes the Commission's reform proposals and its commitment to animal welfare; underlines the importance of giving strong support to farmers that respect standards and good practices for animal husbandry and that invest in better farming facilities; underlines the importance of adequate funding for the future CAP, as we need a budget that is compatible with the level of our ambitions;

9.  Underlines that farmers today face multiple challenges, such as climate change, and have to meet numerous requirements, of which good animal welfare is but one; calls, therefore, on the Commission to ensure proper policy coherence in accordance with Article 7 of the Treaty of the Functioning of the EU (TFEU);

10.  Calls on the Member States to make more effective use of the opportunities for assistance offered by the EU rural development funds, and by the Seventh Framework Programme (2007-2013) of DG Research, to promote applied research and to invest in innovative and modern animal welfare solutions; calls on the Member States and the Commission to increase investments in research on and development of new animal welfare techniques and technologies;

11.  Regrets that the Strategy fails to make use of the opportunities offered by the Sustainable Consumption and Production, Green Public Procurement and Corporate Social Responsibility policies to promote high levels of animal welfare standards;

12.  Urges the Commission to be more ambitious in including and prioritising reciprocity of animal welfare standards, as a non-trade concern in its trade policy and when negotiating multilateral and bilateral international trade agreements, and to promote animal welfare in third countries by requiring equivalent welfare standards for imported animals and products accompanied by strict controls;

13.  Calls on the Commission to evaluate and report on animal welfare standards applying in third countries prior to commencing negotiations on trade agreements; asks the Commission also to carry out this exercise without delay in countries where trade negotiations are currently underway;

14.  Calls on the Commission henceforth to refrain from submitting free trade agreements to the European Parliament that fail to ensure that equivalent animal welfare regulations apply to imported products as to European products;

15.  Welcomes also the Commission’s intention to examine how animal welfare can be better integrated in the framework of the European neighbourhood policy;

16.  Calls on the Commission to insist that the WTO rapidly incorporates non-commercial concerns into the Strategy for World Trade, so as to avoid that the competition between EU Member States – required as they are to comply with the most stringent animal welfare standards in the world – and third countries is distorted;

17.  Considers that it should be obligatory to inform consumers whether an imported product, or a product containing an imported product, is made from animals that were kept under conditions different from those required by European animal welfare regulations;

18.  Regrets that the Strategy fails to reflect the importance of animal health to the well-being of animals and the link between animal health and public health; calls on the Commission to apply the ‘One Health’ principle to this Strategy and to ensure efficient coordination with the Animal Health Strategy, as good animal husbandry, among other factors, helps prevent the spread of diseases and antimicrobial resistance;

19.  Recalls that the Parliament, in its resolution of 12 May 2011 on antibiotic resistance, stressed the need to get a full picture of when, where, how and on which animals antimicrobials are actually used today, and believes that such data should be collected, analysed and made public by the Commission without delay;

20.  Observes that in the EU, emergency vaccination, and sometimes preventive vaccination, is allowed, but that regulations still hinder the international sales of products from vaccinated animals; observes that these limitations do not adequately take into account advances in vaccination technology and diagnostics; requests that the European Commission rescinds, where possible, trade-limiting measures that unnecessarily restrict the use of vaccination;

21.  Calls on the Commission to pay proper attention to the health risks posed by wild animals; considers that a significant number of emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic (transmissible between wildlife, domestic animals and humans), and recognises that trade in wildlife, as well as changes in land use and management, may lead to new or modified interfaces between humans, domestic animals and wildlife that could favour disease transmission; stresses the need for coherence between policies for animal health, animal welfare and trade;

22.  Calls on the Commission to produce, by 2015, a report on the state of health of wild animal and the risk of cross-contamination of domestic animals and humans;

23.  Calls on the Commission to actively and continuously improve animal welfare regulations in the framework of the EU Wildlife Trade Council Regulation (EC) No 338/97(18) (as amended);

24.  Points out that the EU’s dog and cat population is estimated at around one hundred million animals and that no EU legislation exists on pet animal welfare;

25.  Calls for a report on stray animals recommending concrete, ethical and sustainable solutions for the Member States and including the evaluation of a coordinated system for the registration and the electronic identification of pets, to be added to the list of actions;

26.  Stresses that mandatory identification of cats and dogs, when combined with an effective and reliable system of registration, ensures traceability and is crucial for successful animal health and welfare management, helping to promote responsible ownership and preserve public health;

27.  Calls on the European Union and the Member States to ratify the European Convention for the Protection of Pet Animals, and to transpose its provisions in national legal systems;

28.  Calls on the Member States to adopt comprehensive dog population management strategies which include measures such as dog control and anti-cruelty laws, support for the veterinary procedures – including rabies vaccination and sterilisation – needed to control the number of unwanted dogs, and the promotion of responsible pet ownership, as requested in its declaration of 13 October 2011;

29.  Urges the Commission, in its 2014 study on the welfare of dogs and cats involved in commercial purposes, to recommend concrete solutions to prevent dogs and cats from being bred and traded in a way which is likely to cause welfare problems;

Enforcement first

30.  Shares the Commission’s view that there are today still shortcomings as regards compliance with animal welfare rules, despite the progress made in several fields; reminds the Commission that while current legislation on animal welfare is already, to a large extent, sufficient, it has not been applied to the desired extent in all Member States; calls on the Commission and the Member States to ensure that legislation on animal welfare is complied with in all Member States;

31.  Regrets that seven years since its full implementation, Council Directive 1999/22/EC, relating to the keeping of wild animals in zoos, has still not been fully implemented across all Member States; reiterates that the conditions for and welfare of animals kept in zoos has specifically been laid out in this Directive which should be enforced;

32.  Welcomes the Commission's ‘Preferred Code of Practice for Zoos’, and requests that the Commission include in this Code best practice guidance on the appropriate keeping of animals of wild species in captivity;

33.  Considers that one area where better enforcement is needed is the area of animal transport which, even though it only accounts for a very limited part the life of an animal, needs to be improved in the light of the scientific data gathered by EFSA as required by Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2005(19) ;

34.  Stresses that the full body of existing animal welfare legislation should be fully implemented and complied with in all EU Member States; considers, however, that non-compliance should not hamper new legislation in areas where legislation needs to be updated in the light of new science or in cases where there are gaps;

35.  Recalls that there are imbalances in the food chain that place the primary producer at a disadvantage, and that this situation limits the scope for animal welfare investments at farm level;

36.  Highlights the costs incurred by producers, and the potential for loss of competitiveness, as a result of the adoption of new and changing animal welfare standards; notes that it is often the case that these costs are not reflected in the price received by farmers;

37.  Welcomes the suggestion that consumers should be better informed about existing EU animal welfare regulations; calls on the Commission to include farmers more effectively in research projects and campaigns; underlines the need to make consumers more aware of the additional costs associated with enhanced animal welfare, and to spread these costs in a balanced way throughout the food chain;

38.  Urges the Commission, where there is clear scientific evidence demonstrating animal welfare and animal transport problems, to adapt or introduce new policy instruments to resolve these problems, factoring in a better way of distributing animal welfare costs along the food chain; considers that these instruments could include species-specific legislation, outcome-based animal welfare indicators as well as criteria associated with a risk-assessment system as applied in the food safety area;

39.  Stresses the need to implement, in partnership with all stakeholders, duly justified ‘legal milestones’ during the transitional period in future animal welfare legislation;

40.  Calls for the creation of a new system of comprehensive early intervention to ensure compliance; stresses that Member States struggling to meet the deadline should be identified early by means of a new procedure requiring close co-operation with the Commission; suggests that best-practice forums be set up to allow the Commission, Member States and relevant stakeholders to exchange information on the best way to meet these deadlines, that the Member States draw up an implementation plan incorporating milestones and targets leading up to the deadline in stages, and that a study be initiated to identify the possibilities by which the European authorities could help ensure full compliance with animal welfare legislation;

41.  Stresses that the Commission, and in particular the Food and Veterinary Office, must be given increased resources, in keeping with EU budget recommendations and powers, to adequately control the animal welfare inspections carried out by the Member States, a proportion of which should be unannounced checks, and to address breaches; calls on the Member States to ensure that there are sufficient animal welfare inspectors who are adequately trained, with harmonised performance measures in place to ensure consistent checks across all Member States, and to consider giving greater responsibility and power to producer organisations;

42.  Calls on the EU Member States to ensure that breaches of EU animal welfare rules are penalised in an effective and proportionate manner, and that each sanction is accompanied by ample information and guidance from the competent authorities as well as by appropriate corrective measures;

43.  Recalls the European Parliament’s opposition to the use of privately contracted inspection assistants (PIAs) in slaughterhouses for the red meat sector; considers that hygiene inspection in this sector must be carried out by independent meat inspectors;

44.  Notes the final deadline of March 2013, after which the sale of new cosmetics tested on animals will not be allowed; supports this deadline and calls on the Commission not to extend it;

45.  Recalls the Commission’s obligation , when there is due reason for concern, to undertake controls of national inspections in order to verify compliance with Directive 2010/63/EU on animal testing;

46.  Calls on the Commission to continue to encourage research into test methods requiring fewer test animals and to promote the application of such methods wherever possible; calls, in this context, for the Commission to recognise and utilise the ‘extended one’ test under REACH;

47.  Calls on the Commission and the Member States to ensure that the Horizon 2020 research programme foresees adequate opportunities for research in the fields of biodiversity conservation, wildlife trade, the development and validation of non-animal alternatives and the impact of emerging technologies;

48.  Calls on the Commission to integrate animal welfare as an objective of the future 7th Environment Action Programme, ensuring, in particular, the inclusion of strategies and actions aiming to reduce the use of animals in research;

49.  Points to the concern among European citizens, expressed through their petitions to Parliament, about abuse of the derogations for un-stunned slaughtering in the EU; is particularly concerned that the current derogation for un-stunned slaughter is abused to a large extent in some Member States, to the detriment of animal welfare, of farmers and of consumers; urges the Commission to accelerate its evaluation on the labelling of meat from animals slaughtered without stunning and to present its report before 2013, following its commitment to undertake this evaluation in 2011; highlights that the question of consumers not being informed as to whether or not the meat they are buying is from animals slaughtered without stunning is an issue of great public interest for reasons of both transparency and animal suffering; underlines, however, that labelling is not an alternative to proper enforcement as it can only guide consumers if the information provided is verified and correct;

50.  Stresses the need to establish more effective protection measures for animals which are exported from the EU to third countries for slaughter;

51.  Considers that practicable and harmonised guidelines should accompany EU animal welfare legislation to ensure uniform application and implementation of the legislation covering, for example, issues such as fitness for transport and the provision of water before and during transport, at rest stops and at destination;

52.  Recognises that any deficiencies in implementation are frequently due to legal provisions that cannot be implemented in practice;

53.  Stresses that European citizens regularly petition Parliament about the failure of Member States to enforce the provisions of Regulation (EC) No 882/2004;

54.  Reminds the Commission and the Member States of their duties as laid down in Regulation (EC) No 882/2004, to provide comparable animal welfare information; calls on the Commission to take effective actions in cases of non-compliance;

55.  Calls on all European major retailers to adopt a joint public declaration whereby they commit themselves only to sell products which meet or exceed the standards set in EU animal welfare legislation;

Communication and education

56.  Emphasises the importance of information and education being adapted and made available at regional and local level, for example through regional workshops and the use of modern technology, and that information concerning new legislation and scientific advances reach all animal handlers; recalls the role which could be played by an EU coordinated network of animal welfare centres in this regard;

57.  Considers that the European network of reference centres must provide relevant, high-quality, professional and consistent support to the Member States and other stakeholders regarding best practices in relation to animal welfare;

58.  Calls on the Commission to promote existing animal welfare guidelines and other voluntary initiatives by developing a web-based portal through which such documents, having been validated, could be collected and disseminated;

59.  Calls on the Member States to make better use of the provisions for cross-border knowledge-transfer concerning animal welfare, breeding systems and the control of diseases, in the context of the EU financed programmes for rural and regional development;

60.  Considers that animal welfare requirements should be made mandatory in future rural development programmes; believes, furthermore, that the European added value of high animal welfare should be reflected in the co-financing rates;

Framework law

61.  Welcomes the inclusion of a European Animal Welfare Framework Law in the Strategy, as suggested by the Parliament, and calls on the Commission to present its proposal in conjunction with the revision of Council Directive 98/58/EC of 20 July 1998 concerning the protection of animals kept for farming purposes(20) foreseen for 2013; believes that such a Framework Law should be clearly written, should be prepared after consultation of all the stakeholders, should focus on both inputs and outcomes and should result in better animal welfare;

62.  Points out that such a Framework Law should be a tool for the simplification and streamlining of existing animal welfare legislation; notes that the main aim of the Framework Law should be to achieve better and more thorough levels of compliance with existing animal welfare law;

63.  Recalls that producers are overburdened with administrative requirements and that, in the continued search for administrative simplification, this European framework legislation should not further increase this burden;

64.  Recalls that the Parliament considers that such a Framework Law should be based on validated science and proven experience and cover all kept and abandoned animals, including stray animals of domesticated species; recalls that for the species of animals raised for food production, the Parliament has called for the Animal Welfare Quality project to be further developed as regards its simplification and practical application;

65.  Believes that a Framework Law, closely associated with OIE definitions and recommendations, would strengthen the competitiveness of EU animal keepers owners and livestock producers in the international market, as it would also help to ensure fair competition in the internal market;

66.  Considers that the European Animal Welfare Framework Law should establish a common base level for animal welfare throughout the European Union as an essential condition for free and fair competition in the internal market, both for domestic products and for those imported from third countries; considers, however, that the Member States and the regions should be able to permit individual producers or groups of producers to set up voluntary systems with more profound effects, while avoiding distortions of competition and while protecting EU competitiveness in international markets;

67.  Recalls that the Parliament considers that such a Framework Law should not prevent producers from introducing voluntary systems which go beyond EU rules, and believes that those systems should also be science based and could be promoted by certified and cohesive labels; calls on the Commission to build on its communication COM(2009)0584 by producing a study, if appropriate accompanied by legislative proposals, on EU-wide labelling schemes for meat and dairy products, aimed at informing consumers about the farming methods used, and their impact on the welfare of animals, to achieve the maximum effective and consistent transparency and  communication to consumers;

68.  Considers that the European Animal Welfare Framework Law should include:

   (a) a common OIE-based definition and understanding of animal welfare, and general science-based objectives;
   (b) the principle of duty of care for all animal owners and handlers, whereas stray animals should firstly be the responsibility of the owner and ultimately of the Member States’ authorities because of the public health and safety related risks;
   (c) awareness-raising tools and guidelines for staff from public authorities, on how to identify animal welfare issues in the course of their duty;
   (d) a requirement, when needed, to ensure the competence – while recognising the skills and knowledge already acquired through practical experience or training – of any person handling animals in the course of their professional duties, along with adequate training requirements for specific animal welfare responsibilities;
   (e) an obligation for Member States to submit to the Commission biennial reports on the implementation of EU animal welfare legislation, including a roadmap for the following two years, and the requirement for the Commission to publish, without delay, these reports together with an executive summary;
   (f) effective and timely actions against those Member States who do not submit reports or do not fulfil their obligations to carry out controls and inspections;
   (g) the creation of a coordinated European Animal Welfare Network which, based on the experiences of the Pilot Project X/2012, will support information and education campaigns, evaluate the animal welfare requirements on the basis of the latest peer-reviewed scientific knowledge, and coordinate an EU system for the pre-testing of new technologies in line with existing programmes promoted by the Commission and its agencies and committees;
   (h) a structure for science-based sectoral legislation and non-legislative measures;
   (i) a review clause to allow the framework law to be regularly adapted to new scientific developments while respecting the need for legal certainty and taking into account the economic lifespan of the investments made;

o   o

69.  Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Council and the Commission.

(1) OJ C 308 E, 16.12.2006, p. 170.
(2) OJ C 279 E, 19.11.2009, p. 89.
(3) OJ C 212 E, 5.8.2010, p. 326.
(4) OJ C 81 E, 15.3.2011, p. 25.
(5) Texts adopted, P7_TA(2011)0238.
(6) Texts adopted, P7_TA(2011)0083.
(7) Texts adopted, P7_TA(2012)0096.
(8) Texts adopted, P7_TA(2011)0444.
(9) EFSA Journal 2011; 9(1)1966.
(10) EFSA Journal 2012; 10(1)2513.
(11) OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code, Article 7.1.1. (2011). http://www.oie.int/index.php?id=169&L=0&htmfile=chapitre_1.7.1.htm.
(12) www.welfarequality.net/everyone/43395/7/0/22.
(13) OJ L 323, 17.11.1978, p. 12.
(14) ETS 125 – Protection of pet animals, 13.XI.1987.
(15) OJ L 165, 30.4.2004, p. 1.
(16) OJ L 94, 9.4.1999, p. 24.
(17) OJ L 276, 20.10.2010, p. 33.
(18) OJ L 61, 3.3.1997, p. 1.
(19) OJ L 3, 5.1.2005, p. 1.
(20) OJ L 221, 8.8.1998, p. 23.

Last updated: 7 November 2013Legal notice


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America's Top Tradeshow Directory | Events In America
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Some information may be missing. EIA was unable to reach the event manager.

Event Overview:

The Dallas International Lighting Market is now Lightovation, bringing together the brightest minds in lighting and the newest technology on the market.

Dallas Market Center is renowned as the International Home of Lighting. Thousands of lighting buyers travel to Dallas during Markets each January and June. Discover innovative product lines and experience the most comprehensive collection of fixed, portable, and trend lighting for residential and commercial projects.

Buyer Services

Dallas Market Center provides retailers with support services to make their buying experience efficient and comfortable - including quick and easy registration, free parking and shuttles, buyers’ lounges, Internet lounges and much more.

Exhibitor Information:

Buyers, Buyers Everywhere

Each year, more than 200,000 buyers visit Dallas Market Center and place orders with our exhibitors. These loyal buyers come from all 50 states and more than 85 countries. They represent small specialty stores and major retailers. We support them by showcasing the highest quality exhibitors from start-ups to well-known lines. We inspire the art of commerce.

In fact, it's safe to say that everything we do revolves around how we can help make your business a success.

If you want to reach more buyers and expand your business, join Dallas Market Center as a temporary or permanent exhibitor.

About Dallas Market Center:

Dallas Market Center, the most complete wholesale merchandise resource in the world, has been bringing buyers and exhibitors together for more than 50 years. You’ll find products representing every category including home furnishings, gifts, decorative accents, lighting, garden accessories, gourmet items, holiday decor, textiles, fashion accessories and apparel. We hold 50-plus markets each year attended by more than 200,000 buyers from across the globe.

If the Lightovation - January 2016 (Formerly Dallas International Lighting Market) is important to your business, act now and make the appropriate connections. See the contact information below.

All information in Events In America is deemed to be accurate at the time we add it, and we take steps to verify all details and update our records when new information is provided, but as people, events and circumstances change, we caution users to independently confirm all information. and Events In America LLC make no guarantee of accuracy and assume no liability for inaccurate information.

Conference/Event Dates: 01/20/2016 - 01/24/2016
Expo/Exhibit Dates: 01/20/2016 - 01/24/2016
Expo/Exhibit Hours: Wed. - Sat. 8am - 6pm; Sun. 8am - 2pm
Classification: B2B
Primary Industry: Design Services
Other Industries: Architecture & Construction, Business, Design Services, Hospitality, Wholesale / Retail
Estimated Attendance: 1,000
Audience: Lighting Showroom Retailers, Interior Designers, Architects, Hospitality and Contract Design Industry Professionals
Notes: Thousands of Lighting Buyers

Select showrooms open until 8pm on Friday
Venue: Dallas Market Center
Venue Phone: (214) 655-6100
Venue Type: Indoor - Other
Official Conference Hotel:Hotel Information:
Conference Hotel URL:
Event Square Footage:Nearly 1 Million (2015)
Show Owner:Dallas Market Center
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Finestyle Flower Series Rose Flavor E-liquid E-juice  -  30ML 3MG  ROSE

  • Finestyle Flower Series Rose Flavor E-liquid E-juice
  • Finestyle Flower Series Rose Flavor E-liquid E-juice

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Main Features:
Finestyle flower series rose flavor e-liquid
Material: Glass bottle and black ABS plastic cap with glass dropper
Capacity: 30ml
Flavor: Rose
70 percent vegetable glycerin / 30 percent propylene glycol
Available e-liquid concentration: 0mg / 3mg / 6mg / 12mg

Product Details
Type Electronic Cigarettes Accessories
Brand Finestyle
Accessories type E-juice
Material Liquid,Glass,Plastic
E-liquid Flavor Type Flower series
E-Liquid Flavor Rose
E-Liquid Capacity 30ml
E-liquid Concentration Range 1-12mg
E-Liquid Concentration 3mg
Dimension and Weight
Product weight 0.090 kg
Package weight 0.100 kg
Product size (L x W x H) 3.300 x 3.300 x 10.300 cm / 1.299 x 1.299 x 4.055 inches
Package size (L x W x H) 3.500 x 3.500 x 11.000 cm / 1.378 x 1.378 x 4.331 inches
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Package Contents 1 x 30ml Finestyle E-liquid
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Your Epidural Questions Answered

Deciding whether or not to use anesthesia during delivery can be a tough decision. Epidural anesthesia is one of the most popular forms of medication that provides pain relief during labor and delivery. In fact, almost half of all women who deliver in hospitals will receive an epidural. Below you will find some important facts about epidural anesthesia, including how it is administered and the effects it will have on you and your baby so that you can make an informed decision about the best course of action for your delivery.

Epidural anesthesia provides pain relief and can reduce anxiety. It provides some exhausted mothers with an opportunity to relax or sleep during labor.

What is an epidural?

Epidural anesthesia is one of the most popular forms of pain relief for mothers during labor and delivery, and can be used for both vaginal and cesarean birth. Epidural anesthesia blocks the pain in a specific region of the body by blocking the nerve impulses from the low spine. This results in decreased sensations in the lower half of the body, but not a total lack of feeling. You should be aware that the amount of pain relief you experience can vary. It is important to discuss with your anesthesiologist what type of feeling you would like to have during delivery. Both the type of medication used and the location of the epidural can have an effect on your experience.

Epidural anesthesia provides pain relief and can reduce anxiety. It provides some exhausted mothers with an opportunity to relax or sleep during labor. In some prolonged labors, in which stress hormones such as epinephrine slow contractions, an epidural can help the labor progress without the help of Pitocin.

{ MORE: When You Feel Pressured To Get An Epidural }

How is an epidural administered?

Your epidural will be administered by an anesthesiologist, a nurse anesthetist, or perhaps even your obstetrician. You will either be asked to sit up or remain still while lying on your side. To minimize the chance of infection, the area will be swabbed with an antiseptic solution first, just as any other injection you’ve had in the past. To minimize the amount of pain you will experience from the epidural injection, your physician will inject local anesthetic into the injection site to numb it. A needle is then injected into the epidural space between lumbar vertebrae two (L-2) and five (L-5) in your low back, and a catheter (small tube) is then threaded through the needle. The needle is removed and the catheter remains, taped in position, and administers the anesthetic agent such as lidocaine or carbocaine, which decreases the sensation in your lower body. This anesthetic agent can be combined with a narcotic agent such as Demerol, morphine, or fentanyl.

What do you think?

Your Epidural Questions Answered

Tell us what you think!

  1. Profile photo of ashley ashley says:

    This is my first baby

    and I’m almost in my 3rd trimester.
    I’ve heard a lot of horror stories about the epidural and don’t know what to expect. What do those of you who’ve experienced it think.

    • Profile photo of Vikki Vikki says:

      This is my first too and I’ve both sides of the epidural story. I don’t let the bad cloud my judgment. Giving birth in general is a risk, medicated or not, and I already told my OB I don’t want to feel anything as much as possible. I’m not trying to wait and see how bad the pain gets, that’s crazy….for me. Why should I feel pain when I don’t have too?

  2. Profile photo of Flo Flo says:

    I think it’s best to do your homework & speak with your doctor. Not every birth is the same & if your Dr knows your concerns I’m sure he/she will find out about the anesthesiologist to be sure that they know what they are doing. Me OB is great & I’ve shared all of my concerns with her. Right now I’m on bed rest & will be induced next Friday 12/20/13. Our son is pretty big & he is very low. I’m 35 weeks & 2 days & he’s over 8lbs. I don’t have diabetes or anything else, he’s just taking everything from me. That being said, my Dr feels that once she induces me he may come so soon that there won’t be time for an epidural, but if my pain is too bad, then we’ll do the epidural. At any rate, I trust her judgement, so by all means share your concerns with your OB. By the way, I’ve had killer migraines & high blood pressure but no other issues.
    Be blessed & I pray that all of you will have happy & healthy babies.

  3. Profile photo of Kelsey Kelsey says:

    I didn’t get the epidural on my first pregnancy because I heard that my husband mom was almost paralize from the epidural and im planning my second pregnancy to be without epidural and normal.

  4. Profile photo of Oliviaramon Oliviaramon says:

    Contractions hurt more as time goes buy but boy is it worth it(:

  5. Profile photo of KaelinRae KaelinRae says:

    I do plan on having an epidural done. I hear that labor can be pretty painful and my baby is going to need me relaxed to deliver.

  6. Profile photo of life life says:

    i didnt get the epidural but i heard it does relax you while being in labor but also if you move wrong or if the doctor doesnt know what hr is doing you can get paralyzed and later down the line you will have back pains

  7. Profile photo of Elfie Elfie says:

    They had to do the Epidural 4 times before it would take on my swollen body. And then it only worked on the right side. :/

  8. Profile photo of Kaliaunna Kaliaunna says:

    Sigh, labor pain and delivery really scare me-this will be my first child-but it looks like you either suffer terribly for a short time, or suffer regularly for a long time by using an epidural. I’m not quite sure what I’ll do.

  9. Profile photo of renee200823 renee200823 says:

    I had an epidural with my first child and the anesthesiologist ‘nicked’ my spinal sack and spinal fluid leaked giving me the most horrible spinal headaches I have ever had! Looking at all the side effects from an epidural is definitly something everyone should do before going into the hospital. this is my second pregnancy and I’m not even sure I’ll get one, the pain is bad but moving around and using a birthing ball will really help to releave the pain as to almost two weeks in bed with killer headaches!!

  10. Profile photo of Tempesttls Tempesttls says:

    I agree I hope I can go natural and not have to have the epidural!

  11. Profile photo of Pennier81 Pennier81 says:

    I really dont want an epidural this time. I had back pain along time after.

  12. I want an epidural, but my hospital recommends trying to go as long as possible, all the way if possible, without one.

  13. Profile photo of JamJam JamJam says:

    i cant decide if i want an epi yet…i think i might pass on it and just have a water birth

  14. Profile photo of Jeanetta Jeanetta says:

    A lot of great information, I’m going to get an epidural when I have my daughter and knowing the risks up front is important.

  15. with my first the epidural wasn’t put in right and ended up not working so i felt everything with my 2nd not a thing…idk how this one is going to go

  16. Profile photo of Julie Julie says:

    This is my first child and I am getting the epidural.

  17. Profile photo of lourdes lourdes says:

    i want to deliver my baby naturally but since its my first child i dont know how its going to feel so i just need to wait until im going to be in labor

  18. Profile photo of SammysMOMMY SammysMOMMY says:

    I’ve had a spinal tab before too and it hurt.

  19. Profile photo of marylove marylove says:

    I have had a spinal tap done and was told that getting an epidural feels the same… With that in mind, there is no way I am ever getting an epidural!!! If I need a C-section, knock me out! I will go natural like I did with my first 2!

  20. Profile photo of Brittney Brittney says:

    I want to get an epidural but I’m scared of the complications it may have during and afterwards.

  21. Profile photo of My-My My-My says:

    i went all natural with my first… hopefully i can do it again!

  22. Profile photo of Sasoo Sasoo says:

    I’m praying I won’t even need an epidural!

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Sanjay Gupta, MD

Paging Dr. Gupta

The doctor answers your real-life health questions

Q: Is hookah or water pipe smoking a safe alternative to cigarettes?

A: Absolutely not. In fact, as Daniel Neides, MD, medical director of the Wellness Institute at Cleveland Clinic points out, hookah smoking “may actually be worse than smoking.”

Hookahs are water pipes in which charcoal is used to heat up flavored tobacco. An ancient form of smoking that originated in the Middle East and India, it has become increasingly popular among American adolescents and young adults. Roughly 1 out of 5 U.S. high school seniors had smoked a hookah in the past year, according to recent data.

The hookah’s gaining popularity is largely due to the misconception that it’s not harmful. That’s not the case. “First, the tobacco used in hookah contains the same cancer-causing agents found in cigarettes,” Dr. Neides says. “Secondly, there is charcoal that is used to heat the tobacco, which gives off carbon monoxide and heavy metals as a by-product when it is heated.”

A hookah session usually lasts longer than time spent smoking cigarettes, with hookah smokers puffing more frequently and inhaling more deeply. A 2010 study reported the amount of smoke inhaled during a hookah session can be nearly 200 times the amount inhaled when smoking a cigarette. Earlier this year, researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, found that hookah smoking raised nicotine urine levels as much as 73 times.

RELATED: ‘Bombshell’ Smoking Report Hits Milestone

Neides adds that because water pipes are usually smoked in specialty hookah shops or bars and shared among friends, users are exposed to greater levels of secondhand smoke and are at a higher risk of contracting viruses or infections.

The bottom line, Neides says, is that “hookah smoke should be considered the same as cigarettes and cigars – a very unhealthy habit that leads to chronic disease and death.”

Do you have a health-related question for Dr. Gupta? You can submit it here. For more health news and advice, visit Health Matters With Dr. Sanjay Gupta.

Last Updated: 9/2/2014

Comments are closed.


text:
New Phone Support Hours M-F 8am-5pm PST
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MARCH MADNESS - 25% OFF (exclusions apply, see details)   Use code: MARCHMADNESS

Limited Edition Licensed Wilson Combat Full Metal 1911 Gas Blowback Airsoft Pistol.

21 Customer Reviews

by Anthony M. on 08/20/2008
"I just Recieved this Pistol Today, and It's Probably One of the Nicest Airsoft Pistols I've Seen in Regards to Quality, Finish, and Realism. If You Don't Have One, You Need to Get One. Don't Waste Money on WA Pistols, they are Made of ABS. I Got this Instead of a WA Because I Couldn't Justify Spending $350 on an ABS Gun. I Didn't Get the Pistol Case with Mine, but, It's Not that Big of a Deal. GET THIS GUN!!!!
by theo p. on 09/15/2008
"I bought this gun about 2 weeks ago, after putting about 100 rounds through it the back of the recoil spring retainer plug broke. Normally this happens after rapid firing the gun since its single action only too much pressure makes it snap however i was just shooting normally and it broke. Lucky i found out before the plug pushed out the bushing like it did on my last We Tech 1911. Now i either buy a Western arms full length plug and rod for 1911s or buy the replacement slide here on evike with huge retainer plug made of steel. I could buy the full length rod and hollow retainer plug for the real 1911 but its risky I'm not sure what to do?All in all the gun is great its just the spring guide and retainer plug suck.
by Forrest M. on 11/14/2008
"I just bought this gun, and I only had one gun up until now which is the HFC full metal full-auto M9...and when I compare this 1911 to my 2-year old M9, the M9 kicks its butt, and it was cheaper.

First, let's talk realism. Compared to the HFC full-metal M9, this "full metal" 1911 feels completely like a toy. The weight is good, but it just doesn't feel right in your hand. The slide is very loose and, from what I can tell, there's no way to take it apart (even though it seems like there HAS to be). Continuing the 'realism' argument, the sounds that the gun makes also make feel even more like a toy (which, technically it is, but most airsoft-ers want their equipment to be as close to the real thing as possible).

The power is about the same as the HFC M9, so no real complaints there.

The look of the gun (from a distance, when it's not in your hand) is pretty good, if you remove the orange tip or if the orange tip is covered by something...I do really like the look of the silver barrel under the black slide. However, that brings me to another point...this gun is two different shades of black, which really throws of a lot of the realism that I was looking for.

At any rate, I would consider other options before jumping on this gun's band-wagon.
by Ryan C. on 10/11/2008
"Ok, and another thing. After my other review below (as Steve Lotto), the gun did break, due to the lip of the recoil plug breaking off, then it exerted more pressure on the barrel bushing, bending it and eventually snapping it off. So, I bought the Caspian fluted slide, slipped it on with it's reinforced (so I think) parts, and it works great so far.

If you buy this gun, make sure to buy a spare Recoil Spring and Barrel Bushing; both for $7.99 here on Evike.

But, I would say it's not worth the 140 bucks, I'd rather buy the KJW Tac 1911 for $115.
by Michael L. on 09/20/2008
"I bought a new plug and barrel bushing. All it did was blow out the side of the slide where the bushing locked into it.

I am sad now. I'll have to buy a new gun, and I have to be dissapointed in this one. It had so much promise.. only to be compromised by poor quality.
by Thomas A. on 09/11/2008
"I Have had two of these guns. The first one I had broke within the first day of shooting. The recoil spring guide tube lip broke off and the result was a large piece of the front part of the slide to come off the gun while shooting. It was big enough that it disabled the barrel bushing to work. The second one I received had one of the problems that I had before, and that is the recoil spring guide tube lip breaking off again, but this time it bent the Barrel bushing forward, disabling firing functions. I am very displeased with this gun. The gun itself is beautiful and it shoots well, while it lasts. I would not recommend this product to anyone, unless you want to buy parts to fix a brand new gun.


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Home > 3D Printers > Professional > ProJet 4500 machine

ProJet® 4500 Professional 3D Printer

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Description Technical Specs Material
ProJet 4500 Professional 3D Printer

Combine the Power of Vibrant Full Color With Durable Plastic Materials

The ProJet® 4500 gives you the power to make ready-to-use, flexible, strong parts, colored pixel by pixel, with superior surface quality. This office-friendly 3D printer is quick and efficient, and features intuitive operation controls, so you can ensure high productivity and cut operating costs.

Combine outer beauty with inner toughness and have durable, full-colour plastic parts right out of the printer from the ProJet 4500. Using ColorJet printing technology and the VisiJet® C4 Spectrum™ plastic material, the ProJet 4500 allows you to quickly create true-to-life prototypes of your end product, accurately display vital features, and produce high-resolution, customized end-use products.

The ProJet 4500 prints fast, generates minimal waste, requires no supports and delivers ready-to-use, full-color, functional parts and assemblies without post-processing or painting. This category-defining 3D printer is ideal for consumer products, home furnishings, healthcare, toys and collectibles companies, and completely shifts the paradigm for professionals engaged in architectural modeling, marketing communications, fashion design and more. Safe for office, easy-to-use, sustainable to operate and fast to print on, the ProJet 4500 is economical and comes with fully integrated material recycling for greater yield and better total material usage.

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ColorJet Printing (CJP) involves two major components: core and binder. Core material is spread in thin layers over the build platform with a roller. After each layer of core material is spread, color binder is selectively jetted from inkjet print heads over the core layer, causing the core to solidify. The build platform lowers with each subsequent layer of core and binder until the model is complete.

3D Printing Process: CJP
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Passenger numbers up at Air France-KLM

5th August 2011, Comments 0 comments

French-Dutch airline giant Air France-KLM carried more passengers but less freight in July according to figures released today.

The number of passengers during the month totalled about 7.3 million, up 6 percent, and pushed up profits. However, the amount of freight carried by the airline fell by 2.7 percent. This was blamed on continuing unrest in Africa and the Middle East and over capacity in Asia. mw

© Radio Netherlands Worldwide

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I Am Tormented

Personal Stories, Advice, and Support 17 People

    tourmented by a ******* cookie!

    my aunt brought some cookies for the holidays.. they are So good the best, but i can't take the chance of eating ! i just can't
    wannabeanorexic4ever wannabeanorexic4ever
    16-17, F
    Dec 22, 2014

    I Can't Take This Anymore.

    I can't live a normal life and I don't know what to do!  I went to the store with my mom earlier.  The whole time in the store I could hardly breathe and my heart was racing.  The only reason for this is because I had a panic attack at the mall...
    BellasHappyPlace BellasHappyPlace
    18-21, F
    1 Response Nov 28, 2009

    Sickening Pain

     I'm beyond the point of fearing sounding melodramatic... so here we go.  I am often overcome with the worst feeling.   Its like being depressed and guilty and ashamed all at the same time.  The best thing I can compare it to is that sickening...
    EscapingTheMind EscapingTheMind
    22-25, F
    1 Response Nov 28, 2009

    Life Seems To Bring So Much Pain.....

    I guess over the past few years, I have really become a lot more cynical about people. That's what losing a friend to crimes against children and losing a childhood best friend and other close friend does to you. I lost all my close friendship group in the space of a few months...
    deleted deleted
    2 Responses Oct 7, 2011

    by the devil himself.

    I am really dead. now
    Thedepressedgirlatthewindow Thedepressedgirlatthewindow
    18-21, F
    Apr 17, 2015
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Meaning of capital budgeting, Financial Management

Meaning of Capital Budgeting

Decisions relating to irreversible commitment of funds to projects whose profits are to be reaped over a time span longer than the current accounting year are known as capital expenditure / capital budgeting decisions.  They generally are decisions related to fixed / long term assets whose investment decisions involve current outlay of money but returns are spaced over a period of time longer than one year.  These profits may be either in the form of increased revenues or reduced costs.

Posted Date: 10/15/2012 9:05:00 AM | Location : United States

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Time-series econometrics, Econometrics

Suppose time-series data has been generated according to the following process:

where t is independent white noise. Our main interest is consistent estimation of Φ from realizations on yt.

1) Provide conditions for this process to be stationary.

2) From hereonout, assume the process is stationary. Will OLS generally provide you with consistent point estimates of ? Can you give conditions under which it will? Provide the asymptotic distribution of OLS under these assumptions.

3) ARMA processes are generally estimated by ML. Do you have enough information to set up the (marginal or conditional) likelihood function?

4) Use the moment conditions under Question 4 to derive a consistent GMM estimator of ( ; ).

Does it require knowledge of the distribution of t? Note that we discussed asymptotic properties

of GMM estimators assuming a xed amount of moments.

5) Given your answer to the previous question, derive a lower bound on the variance of your esti-

Posted Date: 9/17/2012 9:19:34 AM | Location : United States

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By Scott Mechura Explore Big Sky Contributor

Over the last 30 years, from my days as a young cook to those as a chef, I’ve seen many food trends, innovations and movements. A few that come to mind are the popularity of Southwestern cuisine in the early ‘90s; the Atkins diet of limited carbohydrates; and the South Beach diet, which temporarily eliminates then slowly reintroduces carbohydrates while decreasing protein portions.

I see food trends come and go, and in chefs’ circles we often try to predict how long a particular trend will last. We usually all agree: not very long. And we’re usually right.

The gluten-free diet seems to be front and center as the current haute food trend. As a chef, I initially believed it to be just that, a trend. But maybe now it’s time to eat crow.

A couple years ago, my wife was suffering from what was eventually diagnosed as Hashimoto’s disease, which comes with a list of symptoms too long to mention. The first order of business from her naturopathic doctor was to eliminate wheat – to “go gluten-free.”

What a silly concept, my chef brain thought. Wheat, barley, and other grains are good for you, right? We have been eating them for 10,000 years. I played along, however, wanting to support her, to eat like her so she felt more comfortable. “Who knows? I may even learn something,” I thought.

After about two weeks of eating gluten-free, I remember one day telling her how I felt the same as before and that I thought it was all a bunch of “nonsense.” The naturopath told me to be patient, informing me it takes more like three to five weeks for gluten to leave your system.

Chefs are not known for patience. Besides, we know what food is good and flavorful, as well as what’s healthy. While I patiently adhered to my gluten-free diet for another two to three weeks, I was certain I’d be able to call out the naturopath and tell her it was still nonsense. But I couldn’t. I was more focused, I had more energy, and when I ate a fairly large meal after not eating all day (it’s a chef thing), I didn’t feel like I’d just consumed a bowling ball.

The truth is that while we have, in fact, been eating grains for 10,000 years, we didn’t eat them for the previous 90,000 to 100,000 years. We began heavily modifying our wheat sometime in the 1960s to a point where our bodies barely recognize it, let alone are able to digest it. This brings us where we are today: a society that suffers collective health challenges that were rare a few decades ago.

Over the years, I’ve dealt with many special requests and menu variances. Some still surprise me – I once had a meal sent back because the guest hated the color of the dish their entrée was plated on.

But as a chef, I would like to see the gluten-free diet take its rightful place among the dietary challenges we face today, such as tree nut and dairy allergies, and diabetes, to name a few. So don’t be afraid to ask for a gluten-free meal for fear you’ll be viewed as trendy. In the end, will a gluten-free diet be only another passing fad? I certainly hope not.

Scott Mechura has spent a life in the hospitality industry. He is a former certified beer judge and currently the Executive Chef at Buck’s T-4 Lodge in Big Sky.


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ExploreSouthernHistory.com - Rock Eagle Effigy Mound, Georgia
ExploreSouthernHistory.com - Rock Eagle Effigy Mound, Georgia
Rock Eagle Effigy Mound
The famed Rock Eagle Effigy Mound is located near
Eatonton, Georgia. Built in the shape of a gigantic
bird, it is thought to be some 2,000 years old.
Rock Eagle Effigy Mound
One of at least two surviving
effigies near Eatonton, the
stunning mound is a Georgia
An Effigy of Stone
The amazing effigy rises
more than 8 feet high and is
more than 100 feet in both
width and length.
Tower at Rock Eagle
Visitors can ascend a unique
stone tower for a view of the
magnificent effigy from above.
Rock Eagle Effigy Mound - Eatonton, Georgia
Ancient History in Georgia Stone
2,000 Years of History
The massive effigy mound is
thought to have been built in
the shape of an eagle or
some other large bird by
people who lived in the area
some 2,000 years ago.
Just off U.S. Highway 441 north of Eatonton,
the famed Rock Eagle Effigy Mound is one of
Georgia's most stunning ancient landmarks.

Although there have been many theories over
the years, archaeologists currently believe
the massive effigy was build during the
Middle Woodland period, which is usually
dated to 100-300 A.D. and is one of only two
confirmed stone effigy mounds east of the
Mississippi River. The other, called the
Hawk or Little Rock Eagle Effigy, is located
east of Eatonton and is in Putnam County as

What prompted the early inhabitants of
Middle Georgia, who lived in a time long
before the rise of the later Mississippian,
Creek and Cherokee cultures, to build these
massive effigy mounds is still something of a
mystery. They obviously hold ceremonial
significance and the Rock Eagle seems to
have been expanded from a large dome-
shaped central mound.

Archaeological excavations into the mound
over the years have found a surprisingly
small number of artifacts other than the
stones from which it was built. A 1950s
research project did find a single quartz tool
a Rock Eagle, along with evidence of
cremated human burials in the mound.
Otherwise, the structure has revealed very
little about its intended purpose.

Early settlers of the region thought it might
cover some fantastic buried treasure and
dug into it from time to time, but 20th century
archaeologists found only that the eagle was
built atop a natural rock outcrop. Theories as
to the reasons for its construction currently
range from the need for some central burial
place by the ancient inhabitants of the area to
the possibility that the people of Rock Eagle
were sending a message to God.

Although dating of the mound remains
tentative (with some suggesting a much
older date), most scientists now concur that it
was probably built shortly after the time of
Christ. This was an era with earthen effigy
mounds were build in the Midwest in large
numbers. It should be noted, however, that
the earthworks at the much older
Point site in Louisiana also appear to form
the shape of a gigantic bird. That site is
thought to date back 3,000 years.

The people of Georgia and Putnam County in
particular have long had a commendable
interest in preserving the stunning effigy. As a
result, it became the focus of a public works
project during the Great Depression.
Workers from the Civilian Conservation
Corps (CCC) restored the mound and built
the beautiful stone tower that now overlooks
it, as well as walkways and other features.
A unique aspect of the walkways around the
mound is that historic grind stones from
gristmills were included in spots.

The stone tower build by the CCC workers in
the 30s provides a stunning view of the Rock
Eagle and is a must for anyone visiting the
site, although the stairs can be strenuous. A
paved pathway circles the effigy and there are
interpretive panels to explain the significance
of the site. The park is beautifully maintained.

The Rock Eagle Effigy is surrounded by Rock
Eagle 4H Center, built during the 1950s and
thought to be the largest such 4H center in
the world.  Access is designed, however, so
that visitors can tour the Rock Eagle Effigy
without disrupting or intruding upon the
activities of the young men and women at the

To reach the Rock Eagle Effigy Mound from
downtown Eatonton, take combined U.S.
Highways 441 and 129 north for 6.7 miles
and turn left on Rock Eagle Road at the
entrance to Rock Eagle 4-H Center. Travel for
.7 miles to the first paved road to the right.
Turn right and then watch for the first paved
road to your left, which leads to the effigy. The
route is well-marked.

There is no cost to visit and the site is open
to the public during normal business hours.
Copyright 2010 by Dale Cox
All rights reserved.
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'Don't threaten us' Top eurocrat SAVAGES May and says her Brexit plan is 'BAD' for Britain

DONALD Tusk this morning launched a brutal attack on Theresa May over her Brexit negotiating strategy, telling her that the EU will "not be intimidated by threats".

The EU Council boss told a meeting of the European Parliament in Strasbourg that he wanted to make sure the UK and the EU remain "close friends", but accused the PM of torpedoing that prospect with her remarks.

Senior members of the British Government have repeatedly made the claim that they consider securing no deal with Brussels will be better for Britain than having to settle for a bad one.

Jean-Claude Juncker and Donald TuskGETTY

Brussels chiefs are set to discuss the fallout from last week's disastrous EU summit

That line is designed to strengthen Downing Street's negotiating hand but it has dismayed senior eurocrats who see it as unconstructive and an effective form of blackmail.

And today Mr Tusk shot back in spectacular terms, telling Mrs May that the other EU leaders are not prepared to trade "threats" with her during the negotiations.

Jean-Claude JunckerEbS

Jean-Claude Juncker larked around with photographers ahead of his big speech

Donald TuskEbS

Donald Tusk joked that his re-election row with Poland had provoked 'a little drama'

He raged: “It is our wish to make this process constructive and conduct it in an orderly manner, however the claims increasingly taking the form of threats that no agreement will be good for the UK and bad for the EU need to be addressed.

“I want to be clear that a no deal scenario would be bad for everyone but above all for the UK because it would leave a number of issues unresolved.

“We will not be intimidated by threats and I can assure you they simply will not work.”

His outburst prompted applause from MEPs in the European parliament, who will get a final say on any Brexit deal that is agreed between Brussels and the UK.

In a more conciliatory tone, Mr Tusk then echoed the remarks of his fellow eurocrat Jean-Claude Juncker who last week said that Britain could rejoin the bloc at some time in the future.

We will not be intimidated by threats

Donald Tusk

He said: “I will do everything in my power to make sure that the EU and the UK will be close friends in the future.

“Britain will be dearly missed as an EU member state. At the same time, I’d like to stress again that the EU’s door will always remain open for our British friends.

"When it comes to negotiations we will have no choice but to start the withdrawal talks when the UK notifies. We are carefully preparing for these negotiations."

Speaking after him Louis Grech, the deputy prime minister of Malta, said that Brexit was an "unfortunate reality" but that the rest of Europe had to forge ahead without Britain.

He told the chamber that the EU had to "move on" from last June's referendum result and press ahead with its plans for greater integration of economic, defence and foreign policy.

He said: "We cannot allow Brexit, no matter how much in the headlines it may be and how complex and delicate it is, to distract us from and create wedges in our central mission.

"Talk of an existential crisis has become the norm. It would be a major mistake to underestimate the setbacks and challenges but it would be an even bigger mistake to fall into a negative mindset."

In January the PM told EU counterparts that any attempt to mete out Brexit punishment would be an “act of calamitous self-harm” and that Britain would defend itself.

She threatened Brussels with the prospect of London slashing business taxes to lure companies away from the continent in a move with enraged the leaders of the other 27 states.

Her message was later repeated by Chancellor Philip Hammond, who insisted that Downing Street would not simply stand idly by and allow itself to be bullied by Europe.


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Top court unlikely to stop Texas executions this week

August 8, 2015

WASHINGTON — Wherever their summer travels have taken them, Supreme Court justices probably will weigh in over the next few days on Texas’ plans to execute two death row inmates this week.

AP: Copyright 2014 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Latest News

Thanksgiving, Turkey, and NFL Football - Hmmm, Hmmm Good

Thursday, November 26, 2009 , Posted by Christopher Byrne at 12:38 PM, under , , , ,

As Thanksgiving 2009 is upon us, I want to give thanks for all of my faithful readers and those who have graciously offered their talents, wisdom, and advice to help this site keep growing and gaining traction in the industry. But most of all I am thankful for my family, and the love and support they have given over what has been a rough 2009.

For those of you looking to watch some football with your turkey today, or just want to watch what some have called turkeys of games, here is today's schedule.

Green Bay Packers (6-4) at Detroit Lions (2-8)

Time: 12:30 PM ET
Network: Fox Sports
Announcers: Joe Buck, Troy Aikman, Pam Oliver
Sirius Radio: 125 (GB)  123 (DET)
Westwood One Radio

Oakland Raiders (3-7) at Dallas Cowboys (7-3)

Time: 4:15 PM ET

Network: CBS Sports
Announcers: Jim Nantz, Phil Simms
Sirius Radio: 125 (OAK)  123 (DAL)
Westwood One Radio

New York Giants (6-4) at Denver Broncos (6-4)

Time: 8:20 PM PM ET

Network: NFL Network
Announcers: Bob Papa, Matt Millen

Sirius Radio: 125 (OAK)  123 (DAL)
Westwood One Radio

And as you watch these games, also give thanks to the many men and women away from their families working to bring you these games.

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Book Signing and Talk with Novelist Mary Pat Kelly

  • Blue Bunny Bookstore 577 High St Dedham, MA, 02026 United States

Grown-ups! Looking for something interesting to do on President's Day afternoon? The Blue Bunny is pleased to host a reception and book signing for novelist Mary Pat Kelly, who will be speaking about her new book (a novel for adults) OF IRISH BLOOD, a historical novel about an young Irish woman in 1903, who joins the struggle to free Ireland. The book is a sequel to her bestselling novel GALWAY BAY, currently in production as a TV miniseries. Besides writing novels, Mary Pat Kelly is also an accomplished filmmaker, teacher, screenwriter, and former producer for Good Morning America and Saturday Night Live. Please join us in welcoming her to The Blue Bunny. Refreshments will be served. Although Mary Pat's books are written for adults, all are welcome.


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New Delhi

Realted Travel Guides

You may want to check out our hip travel guide for:

Latest Travel Articles

Read the latest travel articles for New Delhi by the top sources.
See our next New Delhi hotspot, Nirula's Hotel >

The Oberoi

"The exterior says ’70s, the interiors say timeless luxury," writes DailyCandy about The Oberoi New Delhi in the attached article.
The Oberoi is a savvy-insider, cool place to stay in New Delhi, featured and recommended by:
+ DailyCandy March 4, 2006"Travel: Indian Spring"

Check out the latest reviews and articles on The Oberoi
Address: Dr. Zakir Hussain Marg
Phone: 91 11 2436 3030
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Building Operating Management

Common IoT Applications for LED Lighting Systems

Part 2 of a 3-part article explaining the synergy between LEDs and the Building IoT.

By Naomi Millán, Senior Editor August 2016 - Lighting   Article Use Policy

Here are some possible IoT applications of LED lighting systems.

Energy Efficiency: With onboard occupancy sensing or daylight sensing, sensor density is far greater than in a system where all the components are separate and one sensor might control half the lights on the floor. Decreasing the size of the sensor zone increases the accuracy of the application. In addition, the system can learn how the building is actually being used over time to further optimize energy savings.

Office: In commercial offices where conference rooms are highly in demand, light fixtures with occupancy sensing can report on whether a booked conference room is actually occupied. If no presence is sensed after a certain amount of time, applications exist which would release the conference room in the space management system.

(In commercial offices with IoT-enabled lighting, if a booked conference room is actually unoccupied, the lighting system could signal the space management system to make the room available. Credit: Cree)

Retail: LED fixtures with sensors could communicate with shoppers’ smart phones to sense where the shoppers are in the store and send them coupons and promotions while they walk past certain products. Observed foot traffic and dwell time patterns could be used to optimize how products are presented. Luminaires could even scan shelves to manage inventory in real time, says Irick.

This functionality could use visible light communication (VLC), which uses the LEDs themselves to transmit data. The LED modules can blink at a rate imperceptible to the human eye, but which is visible to the camera on a smartphone, for example. It’s similar to fiber optics, without the fiber, says Aaron Ganick, head of Smart Home Americas, LEDVANCE (formerly Osram Sylvania). “What we have started to see is that VLC for indoor positioning is starting to become really meaningful to retailers and public spaces,” he says. “It’s almost acting like a QR code on the ceiling. So depending on what QR code your phone is seeing, you know where in the building you are. And then you can get location-based information sent to you over WiFi or a cellular network.”

Security: With sensors everywhere, it’s possible to have a far greater sense of where people are and where they shouldn’t be. In a security breach, flashing lights can pinpoint the exact location of the event, says Sachin Andhare, director of vertical solutions, Acuity Brands. In addition to  sensing the security breach, the lights could dim everywhere else, putting a spotlight on the situation to help guide first responders, he says. If there’s an emergency situation that requires building evacuation, the lights can help guide occupants to a safe area.

Education: There is growing understanding of how lighting can benefit or harm people by impacting their circadian rhythms. LEDs can be tuned from cool white to warm white, so an LED lighting system in a school, for example, could be tuned to bright light to energize groggy teenagers in the morning or tuned to warm light to calm down second graders after recess. “So if you want to affect behavior, you can do that by applying the correct light recipes and using them at the right place at the right time,” says McMillan, who worked for Philips for several years. He cites a documented study in Germany where classroom hyperactivity was reduced by 76 percent and reading speed increased by  35 percent with a tunable lighting system.

Healthcare: Another human-centric lighting application is in hospitals, where IoT-enabled LED lighting can help minimize patient disruptions, says Trott. He says one hospital did a study that looked at noise and how you can quiet it down. They set up a decibel meter and progressively dimmed and changed the light levels in a particularly noisy hallway, and found they could cut noise levels by decreasing the light level. “Sensors working together can do things we never before thought possible,” Trott says. “Imagine you have a microphone on a light and if it gets over a certain sound level the light warms and gets dimmer, keeping people calmer and quieter.”

Creating A Robust Interconnected System
Having the ability to load up a luminaire with sensors for temperature, pressure, vibration, daylight, occupancy, or humidity — with cameras or microphones, or with whatever other digital measurement device is desired — is all well and good, but unless the lighting system is networked to the larger facility and to analytics capabilities, facility managers aren’t going to get very far. “If lighting is really highly integrated and has all of these cool sensors and doesn’t interact with the rest of the building, end of game,” says McMillan. An IoT-enabled lighting system bringing value to a facility is predicated on things being able to talk to each other, he says. “Ergo, BACnet is really important. This is the basis on which (the building systems) are going to talk to each other. You have to have that before any of this makes any sense.”

In smaller, less complex facilities that do not have building management systems, Ganick says he’s seeing smaller systems based on Zigbee starting to scale and provide options for customers. Typically, lighting controls communicate on Zigbee, he says.

Open architecture, scalability, and interoperability are important aspects facility managers should be sure are a part of any future lighting installation at their facilities, as a means to future-proof the systems. “IoT is all about having open standards,” says Andhare, adding that BACnet is the most popular data communication protocol when it comes to building automation systems. “Some form of IP/BACnet play is going to ensure you are in safe hands.

In addition, Andhare suggests facility managers select their lighting vendor with care. “IoT is an evolving space,” he says. “Technology is getting better. But the biggest thing is to have a future-proof system. You don’t want to sign up with a vendor who is not going to be around tomorrow.” He also cautions against using proprietary technology that locks a facility to a single vendor and offers limited support.

While technologies like POE are more for new construction, wireless solutions exist to support retrofit applications and allow facility managers to deploy IoT-enabled lighting over time, as funds become available. If setting up the whole system at once is not an option, experts recommend getting IoT-enabled hardware in the ceiling first and then activating the advanced analytics in the future. The difference in price between the IoT-enabled fixture and the “dumb” fixture is nominal, so why not do it, Trott says.

The lighting industry is in the early stages of developing use cases for IoT-enabled LED lighting systems, and quantifying their benefits in hard figures, says Irick, but as technology costs continue to come down it will be easier and easier for facility managers to outfit their lighting system with a custom-made set up for their facility’s needs. “The combination of the technology getting better, costs coming down, and more definitive data on the use cases is going to accelerate adoption, in my view,” he says.

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Stroke Care: Aftercare and Support

If you or someone you love is recovering from a stroke, rehabilitation, education and  support services provide vital information to both stroke survivors and family members as you work to regain skills and quality of life.

Rehabilitation helps you or your family member relearn skills that were lost as a result of the stroke. The level of rehabilitation you need is determined by how much damage resulted from the stroke and whether you can safely return to home. For some people, inpatient rehabilitation is needed to regain enough function to return to your home or community. Treatment may include:
  • Movement and posture
  • Strength and balance
  • Daily activities such as eating, dressing, bathing and personal hygiene
  • Vision
  • Speech and language
  • Swallowing
  • Cognitive skills such as planning, memory improvement and problem solving
Inpatient rehabilitation
Fairview Acute Rehabilitation Center provides therapy to help stroke survivors become as independent as possible. Therapy is provided up to three hours per day, seven days a week to help you recover more quickly. Treatment is focused on tasks that will assure your safety at home. The average stay is seven to 20 days. Inpatient care is also offered through Fairview's Transitional Care Center. Both facilities are located on the University of Minnesota Medical Center - West Bank.

Outpatient rehabilitation
Outpatient therapy is available at all Fairview hospitals and some clinics. Our experienced physical, occupational, and speech-language therapists provide a range of therapies to meet your specific needs. They will work with you and your physician to create a rehabilitation plan that focuses on your goals. The length of treatment is based on your needs.

See our Locations tab for the location nearest you.

Support Groups

Stroke Thrivers
This group meets monthly and offers stroke survivors and their families support and education.
When: Third Tuesday of each month, 1:30–2:45 p.m. (no summer classes)
Where: Fairview Southdale Hospital
No fee or registration required.

Life in Bloom communication group
Our Life in Bloom communication group informs and inspires stroke survivors on their way to better communication and quality of life after stroke. A speech-language pathologist shares strategies and creative conversation in an accepting group.
When: First Monday of each month, noon-1:30 p.m (no summer classes)
Where: Fairview Southdale Hospital
No fee or registration required.

Tai Chi
Specially designed for survivors of stroke, cardiac surgeries or cardiac event, this program is based on Tai Chi, an ancient Chinese “moving meditation.” Slow, rhythmic movements are done in a variety of postures. The focus is on balance, relaxation, and concentration. It is not an aerobic form of exercise and can be done seated. This class is taught by a certified Tai Chi instructor. Participants report improved balance, strength and reduced stress.
When: Wednesdays, 12:45–1:45 p.m.
Where: Normandale Lutheran Church
6100 Normandale Rd., Edina, MN 55436

For information on support groups near you, see our calendar of classes, events and support groups.

Peer visitors
Support is also available from our Peer Visitors — stroke survivors and caregivers who have received specialized training — who provide daily support through visits with patients and families.

Locations by city:

Chisago City

Our Providers Make the Difference
Fairview features nearly 4,000 providers practicing at over 200 locations throughout the Minneapolis/St. Paul metro area and beyond. Fairview Clinics, University of Minnesota Physicians and our independent partner clinics provide an exceptional care experience, while lowering the overall costs of health care.
Discrimination is Against the Law. We comply with applicable Federal civil rights laws. We do not discriminate against, exclude or treat people differently because of race, color, national origin, age, disability or sex.
 Visit Other Fairview Sites
(c) 2017 Fairview Health Services. All rights reserved.


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Francisca Urquidez Martinez

Francisca Urquidez Martinez

A Yaqui Indian girl in Presidio Texas grand-daughter to a Yaqui Chief. She had extensive knowledge of traditional herbal healing, common knowledge among Mountain Yaqui Indians who came to texas in 1870, also known as the Texas Band of Yaqui Indians.

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Tyler Hilton's Profile

Tyler Hilton Profile Photo

Tyler Hilton is currently married to Megan Park. He has been in one celebrity relationship averaging approximately 9.8 years. His one marriage has lasted 1.5 years so far.

Given Name: Tyler James Hilton

Age: 33 (11/22/1983)

Occupation: Entertainment - Actor

Most Famous For: Chris Keller on One Tree Hill

Tyler Hilton's Relationships

Tyler Hilton's Relationship Statistics

No. Avg. Length
Relationships: 1 9.8 yrs.
  Dating16.4 yrs.
  Engagements11.9 yrs.
  Marriages11.5 yrs.

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Nineteen Twenty's Child Costume
Size Ch 6

Starting at: $22.50

1920's Child Dance Costume!
White Leotard with Pink Sequins and pink fringe
Sequin Headband
Sequin & Fringe Waistband
Fun cute kid's Costume

THIS IS A RENTAL BUT IT IS FOR SALE. The price indicated is for RENTAL ONLY.
All Rental Costumes are also available for sale.
The sale price is the Rental Price indicated on this page plus the mark-up amount in the Purchase drop down below.

If there is no Purchase drop down, please email, or call us for pricing.

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  • Model: 8036
  • Manufactured by: Fantasyland

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