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Celecoxib and Schizophrenia – Research Abstracts

Akhondzadeh S, Tabatabaee M, Amini H, Ahmadi Abhari SA, Abbasi SH, Behnam B. Celecoxib as adjunctive therapy in schizophrenia: a double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled trial. Schizophr Res. 2007 Feb;90(1-3):179-85. Epub 2007 Jan 8.

Some evidence suggests that the pathophysiology of schizophrenia is associated with the abnormal immune system, and cytokines may be important in schizophrenia. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors such as celecoxib reduce the production of proinflammatory cytokines including Th1-like cytokines. Indeed, COX-2 inhibitors rebalance type-1 and type-2 immune response. The purpose of the present investigation was to assess the efficacy of celecoxib as an adjuvant agent in the treatment of chronic schizophrenia in an eight-week, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial. Eligible participants in this study were 60 patients with chronic schizophrenia. All patients were inpatients and were in the active phase of the illness, and met DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia. Patients were allocated in a random fashion, 30 to risperidone 6 mg/day plus celecoxib 400 mg/day (200 mg bid) (morning and evening) and 30 to risperidone 6 mg/day plus placebo. Although both protocols significantly decreased the score of the positive, negative and general psychopathological symptoms over the trial period, the combination of risperidone and celecoxib showed a significant superiority over risperidone alone in the treatment of positive symptoms, general psychopathology symptoms as well as PANSS total scores. The means Extrapyramidal Symptoms Rating Scale for the placebo group were higher than in the celecoxib group over the trial. However, the differences were not significant. The results of this study suggest that celecoxib may be an effective adjuvant agent in the management of patients with chronic schizophrenia and anti-inflammatory therapies should be further investigated.

Erhardt S, Blennow K, Nordin C, Skogh E, Lindström LH, Engberg G.  Kynurenic acid levels are elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with schizophrenia. Neurosci Lett. 2001a Nov 2;313(1-2):96-8.

Kynurenic acid is an endogenous glutamate antagonist with a preferential action at the glycine-site of the N-methyl D-aspartate-receptor. Mounting evidence indicate that the compound is significantly involved in basal neurophysiological processes in the brain. In the present investigation, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) level of kynurenic acid was analyzed in 28 male schizophrenic patients and 17 male healthy controls by means of high pressure liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection. Schizophrenic patients showed elevated CSF levels of kynurenic acid (1.67+/-0.27 nM) compared to the control group (0.97+/-0.07 nM). Furthermore, CSF levels of kynurenic acid in schizophrenic patients were also found to correlate with age. The present finding is indicative of a contribution of kynurenic acid in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

Erhardt S, Oberg H, Mathé JM, Engberg G. Pharmacological elevation of endogenous kynurenic acid levels activates nigral dopamine neurons.  Amino Acids. 2001b;20(4):353-62.

Inhibitors of kynurenine 3-hydroxylase have previously been used to increase endogenous levels of kynurenic acid, an excitatory amino acid receptor antagonist. In the present electrophysiological study PNU 156561A was utilized to elevate endogenous concentrations of kynurenic acid and subsequent effects on the firing pattern of dopamine (DA) neurons of rat substantia nigra (SN) were analyzed. Pretreatment with PNU 156561A (40 mg/kg, i.v., 5-7 h) caused a five-fold increase in endogenous kynurenic acid levels in whole brain five to seven hours after administration and also evoked a significant increase in firing rate and bursting activity of nigral DA neurons. The results of the present study show that a moderate increase in endogenous kynurenic acid levels produces significant actions on the tonic glutamatergic control of the firing pattern of nigral DA neurons, and implicate kynurenine 3-hydroxylase inhibitors as novel antiparkinsonian agents

Moodley I.  Review of the cardiovascular safety of COXIBs compared to NSAIDS. Cardiovasc J Afr. 2008 Mar-Apr;19(2):102-7.

There is no doubt that NSAIDs and COXIBS are the mainstay for managing pain and inflammation in arthritis. Overall, at therapeutically equivalent doses, both NSAIDs and COXIBs provide equivalent analgesic and anti-inflammatory efficacy. However, the gastrointestinal risk associated with NSAIDs is considerable. More recently, the cardiovascular risk associated with NSAIDs and COXIBs has become a concern. Most patients, particularly the young, can benefit from NSAIDs without the risk of serious adverse gastrointestinal or cardiovascular events. However, patients with a previous history of serious gastrointestinal complications and the elderly, who could be at risk, do require alternatives. COXIBs have significant benefits over NSAIDs in reducing the incidence of serious gastrointestinal complications (perforations, ulcers and gastric bleeding). Currently two oral COXIBs are available, celecoxib and lumiracoxib, and one parenteral COXIB, parecoxib. Celecoxib has been on the market for longer and has the largest body of evidence. The older NSAIDs, such as meloxicam, with preferential COX-2 inhibition do not have good long-term evidence of reducing the incidence of serious gastrointestinal complications. However, these agents do have evidence of tolerability, ie, reducing the less-serious gastrointestinal effects, mainly dyspepsia. The South African Rheumatoid Arthritis Association’s guidelines, amended in November 2005 recommend COXIBs for elderly patients (> 60 years) with previous gastropathy and those on warfarin and/or corticosteroids, providing they do not have contra-indications. However, caution is advised when prescribing COXIBs for patients with risk factors for heart disease. These recommendations are very similar to those made by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE). In addition, it should be noted that for those patients without any cardiovascular complications but with gastrointestinal risk factors or on aspirin, it may be necessary to add a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). PPIs, however, provide little benefit for bleeding and ulceration of the lower intestine. One consequence of this low-grade bleeding is anaemia and a general feeling of malaise in patients with rheumatic disease. Current evidence suggests that COXIBs such as rofecoxib and celecoxib do not increase small intestinal permeability and that celecoxib does not cause lower intestinal bleeding and may be of benefit to those patients with lower gastrointestinal complications. In patients at risk for cardiovascular complications, both NSAIDs and COXIBs have been shown to increase the risk of myocardial infarctions (MI), hypertension and heart failure. Studies comparing COXIBs and non-specific NSAIDs should, however, be interpreted with caution. One needs to take into account the underlying baseline cardiovascular risk of the populations being compared. COXIBs appear to be prescribed preferentially to patients who were at an increased risk of cardiovascular events compared with patients prescribed non-specific NSAIDs. When the overall risk of cardiovascular complications is relatively low and an anti-inflammatory agent is required, current evidence suggests that celecoxib is an agent of choice because of its lower cardiovascular toxicity potential compared to NSAIDs and other COXIBs.

Muller N, Schwarz M. Schizophrenia as an inflammation-mediated dysbalance of glutamatergic neurotransmission. Neurotox Res. 2006 Oct;10(2):131-48.

This overview tries to bridge the gap between psychoneuroimmunological findings and recent results from pharmacological, neurochemical and genetic studies in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a disorder of dopaminergic neurotransmission, but modulation of the dopaminergic system by glutamatergic neurotransmission seems to play a key role. This view is supported by genetic findings of the neuregulin- and dysbindin genes, which have functional impact on the glutamatergic system. Glutamatergic hypofunction, however, is mediated by the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor antagonism. The only endogenous NMDA receptor antagonist identified up to now is kynurenic acid (KYNA). Despite the NMDA receptor antagonism, KYNA also blocks, in lower doses, the nicotinergic acetycholine receptor, i.e., increased KYNA levels can explain psychotic symptoms and cognitive deterioration. KYNA levels are described to be higher in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in critical central nervous system (CNS) regions of schizophrenics as compared to controls. Another line of evidence suggests that a (prenatal) infection is involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Due to an early sensitization process of the immune system or to a (chronic) infection, which is not cleared through the immune response, an immune imbalance between the type-1 and the type-2 immune responses takes place in schizophrenia. The type-1 response is partially inhibited, while the type-2 response is over-activated. This immune constellation is associated with inhibition of the enzyme indoleamine dioxygenase (IDO), because IDO – located in astrocytes and microglial cells – is inhibited by type-2 cytokines. IDO catalyzes the first step in tryptophan metabolism, the degradation from tryptophan to kynurenine, as does tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO). Due to the inhibition of IDO, tryptophan-kynurenine is predominantly metabolized by TDO, which is located in astrocytes, not in microglial or other CNS cells. In schizophrenia, astrocytes in particular are activated, as increased levels of S100B appear. Additionally, they do not have the enzymatic equipment for the normal metabolism-route of tryptophan. Due to the lack of kynurenine hydroxylase (KYN-OHase) in astrocytes, KYNA accumulates in the CNS, while the metabolic pathway in microglial cells is blocked. Accordingly, an increase of TDO activity has been observed in critical CNS regions of schizophrenics. These mechanisms result in an accumulation of KYNA in critical CNS regions. Thus, the immune-mediated glutamatergic-dopaminergic dysregulation may lead to the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia. Therapeutic consequences, e.g., the use of anti-inflammatory cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors, which can also decrease KYNA directly, are discussed.

Müller N, Riedel M, Scheppach C, Brandstätter B, Sokullu S, Krampe K, Ulmschneider M, Engel RR, Möller HJ, Schwarz MJ. Beneficial antipsychotic effects of celecoxib add-on therapy compared to risperidone alone in schizophrenia.  Am J Psychiatry. 2002 Jun;159(6):1029-34.

Abnormalities in the immune system in schizophrenia have been described. However, important findings such as high levels of activating cytokines in the CSF and signs of CNS inflammation have been controversial. The authors conducted a trial of the new selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib, an immunomodulatory drug, in schizophrenic patients to evaluate its therapeutic effects. METHOD: In a prospective, double-blind evaluation, 50 patients with an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia were randomly assigned to either risperidone plus celecoxib or risperidone plus placebo. After a washout period, 25 patients received 2-6 mg/day of risperidone plus placebo and 25 received risperidone plus 400 mg/day of celecoxib for 5 weeks. The treatment effect was calculated by analysis of covariance. There were no significant differences between groups in age, sex, duration or severity of disease or psychopathology, or risperidone dose or plasma level. RESULTS: Over 5 weeks, both groups of patients showed significant improvement in scores on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and on all subscales. However, the celecoxib group showed significantly greater improvement in the total score. CONCLUSIONS: Additional treatment with celecoxib has significant positive effects on the therapeutic action of risperidone with regard to total schizophrenia psychopathology. Moreover, the fact that treatment with an immunomodulatory drug showed beneficial effects on schizophrenia symptoms indicates that immune dysfunction in schizophrenia is not just an epiphenomenon but is related to the pathomechanism of the disorder. However, a nonimmunological therapeutic effect of celecoxib mediated by the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor has to be taken into account.

Müller N, Krause D, Dehning S, Musil R, Schennach-Wolff R, Obermeier M, Möller HJ, Klauss V, Schwarz MJ, Riedel M. Celecoxib treatment in an early stage of schizophrenia: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of celecoxib augmentation of amisulpride treatment.  Schizophr Res. 2010 Aug;121(1-3):118-24. Epub 2010 May 31.

Recent trials support the hypothesis of the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. The overall therapeutic benefit of anti-inflammatory medication, in particular cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors in schizophrenia, is still controversial. There are suggestions that therapy with COX-2 inhibitors may influence the early stages of the disease. Taking these findings into account, we conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of celecoxib augmentation to amisulpride treatment in patients with a first manifestation of schizophrenia. Forty-nine patients diagnosed with schizophrenia were randomly assigned. They were treated either with amisulpride (200-1000 mg) plus celecoxib (400 mg) or amisulpride (200-1000 mg) plus placebo. Inclusion criterion was the diagnosis of schizophrenia during the past two years according to DSM-IV. The trial lasted six weeks. At weekly intervals an assessment of the psychopathology was performed using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) and the Global Clinical Impression Scale (CGI). A significantly better outcome was observed in the patient group treated with amisulpride plus celecoxib compared to the group with amisulpride plus placebo (PANSS negative: p=0.03; PANSS global; p=0.05 and PANSS total: p=0.02). In addition, ratings by the CGI scale during therapy with amisulpride and celecoxib showed a significantly better result (p< or =0.001). A significantly superior therapeutic effect could be observed in the celecoxib group compared to placebo in the treatment of early stage schizophrenia. This is the first time an improvement in patients’ negative symptoms has been demonstrated with celecoxib. In future, further trials are needed to investigate the effect of COX-2 inhibitors on prodromal and negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

Nilsson LK, Linderholm KR, Engberg G, Paulson L, Blennow K, Lindström LH, Nordin C, Karanti A, Persson P, Erhardt S. Elevated levels of kynurenic acid in the cerebrospinal fluid of male patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2005 Dec 15;80(2-3):315-22. Epub 2005 Aug 25.

Previous studies have shown that endogenous brain levels of kynurenic acid (KYNA), a glutamate receptor antagonist, are elevated in patients with schizophrenia. Here we analyse KYNA in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from a large cohort, including male healthy controls (n=49) and male patients with schizophrenia (n=90). We found that male patients with schizophrenia had significantly higher levels of CSF KYNA compared to healthy male controls (1.45 nM+/-0.10 vs. 1.06 nM+/-0.06 in the control group). Furthermore, when the patients with schizophrenia were divided into subgroups we found that CSF KYNA levels were significantly elevated in drug-naïve, first episode patients (1.53 nM+/-0.19, n=37) and in patients undergoing treatment with antipsychotic drugs (1.53 nM+/-0.17, n=34) compared to healthy male controls. No elevated CSF KYNA levels were detected in drug-free patients with schizophrenia, i.e. patients previously undergoing antipsychotic medications but drug-free at time of sampling (1.16 nM+/-0.10, n=19). Present results confirm that CSF KYNA concentration is elevated in patients with schizophrenia and are consistent with the hypothesis that KYNA contributes to the pathophysiology of the disease.

Rapaport MH, Delrahim KK, Bresee CJ, Maddux RE, Ahmadpour O, Dolnak D. Celecoxib augmentation of continuously ill patients with schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry. 2005 Jun 15;57(12):1594-6.

Previous reports have demonstrated a beneficial effect of celecoxib adjunctive therapy for patients with an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia. We investigated the effects of celecoxib augmentation of atypical antipsychotic medications for continuously symptomatic outpatient subjects with schizophrenia to further extend these findings. We hypothesized that celecoxib augmentation therapy would improve psychopathology ratings compared with placebo. METHODS: Thirty-eight symptomatic outpatient subjects meeting DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia and on a stable dose of an atypical antipsychotic medication for at least three months were randomized to receive 8 weeks of double blind placebo or celecoxib (400 mg/day) augmentation. Measures of psychopathology, functional disability, and extrapyramidal side effects were performed throughout the study. RESULTS: The treatment cohorts did not differ on any of the clinical outcome measures. CONCLUSIONS: Celecoxib augmentation of continuously ill outpatient subjects with schizophrenia did not improve clinical symptoms or measures of disability.

Swartz KJ, During MJ, Freese A, Beal MF. J  Cerebral synthesis and release of kynurenic acid: an endogenous antagonist of excitatory amino acid receptors. Neurosci. 1990 Sep;10(9):2965-73.

Excitatory amino acid (EAA)-mediated synaptic transmission is the most prevalent excitatory system within the mammalian brain. Activation of EAA receptors has been postulated to contribute to neuronal cell death in stroke, epilepsy, hypoglycemia, and Huntington’s disease. Kynurenic acid is an endogenous substance that inhibits EAA receptors and may therefore influence important physiologic and pathologic processes. The release of intracerebrally synthesized kynurenic acid into the extracellular fluid (ECF), where it may act at EAA receptors, has not been established in vivo. We studied the synthesis and release of kynurenic acid in the rat striatum using intracerebral microdialysis coupled with high performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection. The basal ECF concentration of kynurenic acid in the rat corpus striatum was 17.1 +/- 1.1 nM. Peripheral administration of the immediate biosynthetic precursor of kynurenic acid, L-kynurenine, resulted in marked dose-dependent increases in striatal ECF concentrations of kynurenic acid, peaking at 2-2.5 hr. The highest dose of L-kynurenine (100 mg/kg), administered peripherally, resulted in a 108-fold increase in plasma kynurenic acid levels and a 37-fold increase in cerebral ECF levels. Peripheral administration of kynurenic acid, at a dose that caused plasma levels to increase 430-fold, resulted in only 4-fold increases in striatal ECF concentrations. The precursor responsiveness of striatal ECF kynurenic acid to peripherally infused L-kynurenine was blocked by the central application (via the dialysis probe) of aminooxyacetic acid, an inhibitor of the immediate synthetic enzyme for kynurenic acid, kynurenine aminotransferase. Administration of L-tryptophan was less effective than L-kynurenine in increasing ECF kynurenic acid concentrations and did so at a considerably later time interval (6 hr).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Torrey EF, Davis JM.  Adjunct treatments for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: what to try when you are out of ideas. Clin Schizophr Relat Psychoses. 2012 Jan;5(4):208-216.

The pharmacologic treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder leaves much to be desired. Repurposed drugs, which are approved for other medical conditions, represent an underutilized therapeutic resource for patients who have not responded to other drugs. Using experience gained from a decade of repurposed drug studies by the Stanley Medical Research Institute and search of the literature, we have identified nine such drugs for which there is some evidence of efficacy for schizophrenia and/or bipolar disorder. These include: aspirin; celecoxib; estrogen/raloxifene; folate; minocycline; mirtazapine; omega-3 fatty acids; pramipexole; and, pregnenolone. The evidence of efficacy is reviewed for each drug. Because there is little or no financial incentive for pharmaceutical companies to promote such drugs, there is a paucity of definitive trials, and these drugs are less widely known than they deserve to be. Biomarker studies should also be carried out to identify subgroups of patients who do respond to these drugs.

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Orland Bus Crash: NTSB finds no evidence of fire prior to crash, vows to use tragedy to review bus safety laws

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The National Transportation Safety Board continued its investigation Sunday into a fiery crash that left 10 people dead Thursday, when a Federal Express semi careened over the median of the I-5 Freeway and collided head-on with a busload of students from the L.A. area. In a press conference Sunday, the agency said it had not seen evidence that the Fed Ex vehicle was on fire before it crashed, as an eyewitness had previously stated. Meanwhile, many students who survived the crash or had been on other buses headed to Humboldt State University returned home to worried parents and friends in Southern California.

Update 1:05 p.m.: NTSB finds no evidence of fire prior to crash, vows to use tragedy to review bus safety laws

The National Transportation Safety Board will use the outcome of an ongoing investigation into the Orland crash to examine bus regulations nationally, and said it saw no evidence of the Fed-Ex truck was on fire before crashing.

Witnesses say the FedEx vehicle was on fire before impact, but the NTSB investigation so far has turned up conflicting reports.

“Our fire expert reviewed the median and highway and found no physical evidence prior to impact,” NTSB spokesman Mark Rosekind said, though he added they haven’t ruled anything out.

"Are we ready to rule out pre-impact fire on the truck? Nothing is ruled out yet," he added.

You can see a video of the full conference below:

Video: NTSB brief on Orland bus crash

Rosekind used commercial airliners' tight regulations as an example of how the agency might approach bus safety in the future.

“Anyone whose ever been on a airplane knows that one of the first thing that happens is ‘your attention please’ to go over all the safety features,” he said.

Lax oversight of seatbelts is among safety concerns.

At this time, there’s no requirement for seatbelts in commercial buses, but Rosekind said its something the agency consider recommending.

The NTSB will also analyze window exits. All the windows in the  2014 motor coach carrying the students and their chaperones were exits, according to the NTSB.

The agency is examining what the emergency evacuation procedures, how they were communicated and how windows were labeled.

“If that was jammed, could that be why we saw people kicking windows out?” Rosekind said.

There also wasn’t a median to divide the highway from on coming traffic – another place the agency will examine safety recommendations.

The NTSB is also working to obtain other critical variables such as the types of materials on both vehicles and the experience and ages of the drivers. Even the speed of bus may be downloaded on the from the electronic control module, still intact, according to the agency.

Rosekind said the agency will be combing through the FedEx driver's last 72 hours, including retrieval of his phone records to see if it was in use at the time of the accident.

Annie Gilbertson, KPCC

Update 12:11 p.m.: Humboldt State President: We'll do our best to get interested students back

Two busloads of students who made it safely to Humbolt State University returned to their homes Sunday morning, Humboldt State University President Rollin Richmond told KPCC.

He said he'd spoken with many of the students in the hospital and at the school's campus, and said he was touched that many still expressed interest in attending the school in the fall.

"One of things that really impressed me as I was talking to some of the students who were injured and who survived the accident. A number of them said to me 'we very much want to come to Humboldt and we're sorry we weren't able to come to campus'," Richmond said. "We're going to try to do our best to arrange for them to come up here — and we'll try to avoid bringing them up on a bus."

Richmond said the prospective students were paired up with students on campus for the weekend.

""One of things that we do regularly and did especially this time," he said, "was to get them connected to some of our students who stayed with them overnight and helped them the next day as they got information from the campus."

Los Angeles-area students make up the bulk of the student body, Richmond said. He added that about 900 prospective students visited the campus this year, 400 or so from Southern California. Of them, he said, about 500 students would return in the fall.

Shirley Jahad, KPCC

9:19 a.m.: NTSB examines claim truck was on fire before crash

Federal investigators are looking into a driver's claim that a FedEx tractor-trailer was already on fire when it careened out-of-control across a freeway median and slammed into a bus taking high school students on a college tour, killing 10 people in a fiery wreck.

The investigators are looking for more witnesses who could corroborate the driver's claim, and planned to examine crash scene evidence for clues of a fire before the vehicles exploded into towering flames on a Northern California highway, National Transportation Safety Board member Mark Rosekind said Saturday.

He said the truck left no skid marks, on either the roadway or the median, as it veered into oncoming traffic, sideswiping a Nissan Altima before crashing into the bus. Five students, three adult chaperones and both drivers died in Thursday's collision on a stretch of Interstate 5 in Orland, a small city about 100 miles north of Sacramento.

Some of the victims were thrown from the bus, Rosekind said.

RELATED: Orland bus crash: FedEx semi didn't brake before crash

The woman who drove the sedan told investigators and a KNBC-TV reporter that flames were coming from the lower rear of the truck cab.

"It was in flames as it came through the median," Bonnie Duran said. "It wasn't like the whole thing was engulfed. It was coming up wrapping around him."

Initial reports by police made no mention of a fire before the crash.

The bus was gutted and the truck was a mangled mess after the fiery crash, making it difficult for investigators to determine whether a fire started in the truck before impact. Rosekind said investigators planned to look at blood tests to determine whether the FedEx driver inhaled smoke before the collision, and whether he was impaired.

A blood test will also be conducted for the bus driver, who had only been driving a short time after relieving another driver during a stop in Sacramento. Rosekind said more than 145 feet of tire marks showed that the bus driver tried to brake and swerve to the right to avoid being hit.

He said the bus' black box-style electronic control module was recovered and will be analyzed. The truck's device was destroyed, but other steps will be taken to analyze its speed and maneuvering.

In addition to the cause of the crash, federal transportation authorities are examining whether fire safety measures they previously recommended for motor coaches could have allowed more of the 48 bus occupants to escape unharmed.

Bodies recovered from the bus were charred beyond recognition. Dozens of students had injuries including burns, and several remained hospitalized.

RELATED: Orland bus crash: Family, friends mourn Jennifer Bonilla, a 'star student' at LA's Dorsey High School

Fire safety has been a longstanding concern of the NTSB.

After a 2005 bus fire killed 23 nursing home evacuees escaping Hurricane Rita in Texas, the agency called for safety standards that could make buses less vulnerable to fire, including improved protection of fuel tanks. More recently, the NTSB says buses must have sophisticated suppression systems to control fires, much as high-rise buildings have sprinkler systems.

The NTSB, which investigates accidents and their causes, has no authority to require safety changes it recommends.

But a bill passed by Congress in June 2012 directed the Department of Transportation to conduct research and tests on ways to prevent fires or mitigate the effects, among other safety issues. That included evacuating passengers, as well automatic fire suppression, smoke suppression and improved fire extinguishers. Representatives of the bus industry told Congress that manufacturers were increasingly and voluntarily adding such features.

As part of its investigation into Thursday's crash, the NTSB will also evaluate whether there should have been a barrier on the median to help prevent head-on collisions. Barriers are required when medians are less than 50 feet wide; this one was 60.

The 44 Southern California high school students on the bus, many hoping to become the first in their families to attend college, were on a free trip arranged by Humboldt State University. The university chartered two more buses to bring more than 500 prospective students to the campus for a three-day visit. Those who made it to the university were sent home earlier than scheduled Saturday morning in light of the tragedy. — Associated Press

With contributions from Fenit Nirappil, Joan Lowy, Shirley Jahad, and Annie Gilbertson

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What is SCWS?

In partnership with

Small Cell Forum

Endorsed by

LONDON, UK - (Avren Events, part of Clarion Events Ltd. - 7th January 2016)

LONDON, UK - (Avren Events, part of Clarion Events Ltd. - 7th January 2016)

Avren Events Ltd., a global B2B event organiser, has announced the rebranding of its Small Cell and Wi-Fi portfolio. Previously the Small Cells World Series and Carrier Wi-Fi World Series, the events and agendas have been merged to create SCWS World Series. This new positioning enables us to encompass the entire ecosystem of Small Cells, Wi-Fi, DAS and related technologies and service a wider range of market players.

Run in exclusive partnership with the Small Cell Forum, the SCWS series will celebrate its 10th year in 2016. The theme for the events will be "Commercializing the Mobile Edge". Stuart Barker, Portfolio Director, explains: "The industry has seen a huge amount of change during 2015 - from changing forecasts and new deployments to the emergence of new business models and development of new service opportunities. For equipment and solution suppliers with the right offerings, SCWS events provide a golden opportunity to work with operators and other verticals that are looking to monetize network connectivity".

"The new agenda and format of the SCWS World Series is testament to the change in the Small Cell industry from understanding technology barriers to enabling mass market scale and enabling new commercial opportunities that we have reported in our recent 'Crossing the Chasm' report," says Alan Law, Chairman of the Small Cell Forum.

Furthermore, the SCWS series has also released the dates for 2016 edition of the World Summit. The event will be held on 9-12 May 2016.

This new focus includes the addition of a brand new MEC (Mobile Edge Computing) day held in partnership with ETSI on 9 May.

"The new confirmed event dates will enhance our ability to engage with the mobile telecoms community more effectively and attract renowned industry professionals amongst speakers and event attendees alike," says Barker.

The event will be held in a spectacular new venue: InterContinental London - The O2 Hotel.

InterContinental London - The O2 is a brand new luxury hotel, located on the vibrant Greenwich Peninsula with breath-taking views of the River Thames and Canary Wharf.

With close transport links from main train stations, InterContinental London - The O2 makes a perfect location for events. It can be reached in less than 30 minutes from Paddington, Euston and King's Cross St. Pancras International.

Boasting an array of cultural sights and attractions, the new venue offers unique opportunities to explore one of the most picturesque parts of London. Old Royal Naval College, O2 Arena, National Maritime Museum, Museum of London Docklands and Greenwich Market are just a few nearby attractions.

Barker concludes by saying: "The event dates and location will provide the show attendees with a greater flexibility and an enhanced onsite experience. Do join us in celebrating the 10th anniversary of SCWS at what promises to be the must-attend event of the year!"

The full list of events for 2016 is as follows:

  • SCWS MENA, 18-19 January, Conrad Hotel, Dubai
  • SCWS LATAM, 15 March, Rio de Janeiro (co-located with GSMA TECT event)
  • SCWS Asia, 12-13 April, Pan Pacific, Singapore
  • SCWS World, 9-12 May, Intercontinental O2 Hotel, London
  • SCWS Americas, 30 Oct - 2 November, Dallas, USA

For media/analysis opportunities around these events, please contact Avren's Head of Marketing, Andrew Cleary: andrew.cleary@avrenevents.com.

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Tag Archives: golfcart

SeaDek Golf Cart Mats for SC Carts

Here is another great SeaDek application! We’ve just started working with SC Carts on some new flooring options. Here are photos of our brown and titanium faux teak patterns. Really set those beautiful carts off. Check out their full line … Continue reading

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Digital Music Distribution

Digital Music Distribution

Before the digital age the only way to enjoy music was on fixed media like records or cassette tapes. Now between video and music much of the bandwidth of the your internet is consumed. Don’t focus on CD sales but rather on the bigger picture that your music can be made available all over the world by taking advantage of digital music distribution.

digital music distribution

Advantages of Digital Music Distribution

  • Speed of mark penetration
  • Low overhead cost
  • No product to ship and distribute (fulfillment)
  • No Inventory to replace or accept returns on

Sources for Digital Music Distribution

If you would like to distribute your music digitally, then there are a number of great music distribution

Sign Up on Amazon To Sell Music – allows to you to upload your music and even sell your music

themusicfeed .com is another place you can take advantage of digital music distribution.

Unpaid Digital Music Distribution

If you do not care about getting paid for your digital music, then there are tons of options:

Myspace – Use the free music upload option for myspace and start making friends online who can sample and buy your music.

YouTube – you can make a simple “video” with the lyrics or some random photos if you do not have a music video. You can pay to promote and then interconnect that with your music on a site like to get the best of both worlds.

Internet Radio – Another way to get your songs heard and promote your music. Internet radio channels are always looking for fresh new music they can play to keep their listeners entertained. Your music may be just the ticket.

Digital Music Distribution Associations or Groups

Taxi News is a great online resource for artists who are looking for outlets for their music. In addition to finding ways to distribute your music, you may also find new opportunities to get paid to create music.

Always Read the Fine Print

Research the fine print of each Digital Music Distribution company before making any final agreements. You may want to get legal advice too. We do not guarantee the details of an of the contacts we have provided, although to the best of our knowledge they are reputable companies that appear to be providing a legitimate service in the Digital Music Distribution field.

If you would like more information about Digital Music Distribution please leave a comment below and we will do our best to help.


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Beveled Bases: Ruined Temple 25mm

I LOVE THESE BASES. They were a DREAM to work with! There was NO clean-up needed. The detail, even on this modest design, is awesome. The weight of them was also nice. Thanks SWM! (to see the painted base in use: http://fc04.deviantart.net/fs71/f/2011/335/1/a/blood_sin_hon-
our_guard_terminator_by_girot-d4hw7cj.jpg )
Date Added: 08/15/2012 by Justin Fritz


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Share Our Space

One element of the ministry of Seekers Church is the opportunity to offer our home on Carroll Street as a meeting place for the wider community. Our building, conveniently located across the street from the Takoma Metro Station, includes areas for a variety of groups.

Seekers Church is also home to several other faith communities and organizations, and many groups and individuals use the space for classes, concerts, meetings, workshops, retreats, plays, festivals, and private parties. The building is fully accessible, with a ramp off the back parking lot and an elevator inside.

Reserving Space

Which Space Is Best for You?

Click here for photos and descriptions of the available spaces at Seekers Church.

Is the Space Available?

Please see our events calendar to check availability of space. If the room you wish to use is available, you may request it here. Note that Seekers’ own activities take up the whole building every Sunday morning, so no space is available on Sundays until about 1:00 p.m. In addition, our School for Christian Growth uses the whole building on Tuesday evenings, so generally no space is available on Tuesday evenings except during the summer.

How to Reserve Space

When you receive notice of availability, fill out a room reservation agreement and mail a signed copy of p. 1 of the agreement with a deposit of 50 percent of the rate for use of the space ($50 minimum) to Seekers Church. Or email the form and let us know you would like to pay using PayPal, and we will email you an invoice. Your reservation will be confirmed when we receive the form and payment. Please read all pages of the agreement carefully.

IMPORTANT NOTE: If you do not confirm your reservation with a signed agreement and deposit within two weeks, it will be removed from the Seekers Church calendar without notice.

If you have questions or need more information, call 202-829-9882 and leave a message, or send us a message by email.

Building Use Guidelines

The room reservation agreement includes the bulk of the guidelines on using space at Seekers Church, but three additional sources of information may help you share our space in ways that will help you and other users:

A Community of Communities

Since we began dreaming of our move to Takoma DC, long before we arrived in 2004, Seekers Church had a deep desire to share our space with other missions, ministries and organizations that are called to serve the greater good. Over the past decade we’ve helped that dream grow into a lively community of communities, which includes meetings by many different groups.

In 2015 there were 49 different groups that held over 550 events in our space. This did not include meetings or daily operations by Seekers Church or the three other organizations that use our space as their headquarters.

Currently, 19 of these 49 event sponsors host regular meetings at our place. Those who participate in their events often see our home on Carroll Street as their place for worship and meditation, healing practices like Twelve Step programs, folk life and music, and healing support.

Click here for a brief introductions to these groups, with links to help you find more information about them and their activities.


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15 October 2012

Label-Free SoPRano™ Gold Nano-Rod (GNR) kits enable users to design and run label-free, microplate-based homogenous assays for high quality protein-protein interaction analysis based on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR). In this application note, the SPECTROstar Omega spectrometer-based microplate reader from BMG LABTECH was used to rapidly capture full spectra and signal specificity. hSA and bSA were separately conjugated to the SoPRano™ GNRs and their respective monoclonal antibodies were bound at various concentrations. The Kd values were derived from BMG LABTECH’s MARS analysis software.


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Sparks Community Information & Homes for Sale

Roland Parker - Sparks Real Estate Agent

About Sparks Homes

Sparks Homes for SaleInitially Sparks was planned as basically a residential community where the locals would commute to work in bordering counties of Storey, Humboldt and Pershing. Sparks today is among the most rapidly arising neighborhoods in Washoe County. As urban expand launched to sneak up on adjoining metro areas, Sparks went on to become a popular destination thanks to large quantities of land with tons of spaces for development. In Sparks, home buyers can browse many homes ranging from single story to custom luxury homes produced for high-quality family friendly living. Residents and visitors will be able to enjoy the friendly environment around the many neighborhoods of Sparks homes and will also have easy access to local amenities and entertainment including the adjacent cities and communities.

Sparks Education

Sparks EducationEducation is another selling point for Sparks, Nevada real estate. The Sparks of Sparks is backed by the Washoe County School District which you can easily research using the Schools Info button. The Washoe County School District is focused on furnishing a challenging academic schooling for their students. With a strong focus on integrity Sparks schools seek to advance productive and active adults. Invest in quality education by looking into Sparks homes for sale.

Sparks Real Estate

Sparks Real EstateIf you are searching properties for sale in Sparks, Reno, Arrow Creek, Saddlehorn, Caughlin Ranch, Galena Forest and Washoe County you have come to the right place. View local data on Sparks, Reno, including the surrounding Washoe County cities. If you are new to purchasing real estate having a qualified Sparks real estate specialist will be a great asset. If you are thinking about selling your Sparks home you can have confidence that you will receive assistance preparing your home for the market. Washoe County listings are available instantly by using the Property Search.

Contact Roland ParkerSparks Realtor® with the experience and professionalism you can trust.

Keller Williams Group One Realty

Roland Parker

10539 Professional Circle Suite 100RenoNV89521
Cell:(775) 742-4550
Business:(775) 823-8825
License #:26271

A Better Way to Buy and Sell Real Estate

This is a one-stop real estate website for all your home buying and selling needs in Reno, NV.

Contact us if you'd like more information on finding your dream home or preparing to sell your home.


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Baghdad gears up for street-to-street battle

Friday, March 7, 2003

BAGHDAD, Iraq -- Baghdad residents are snapping up pistols and hunting rifles; trenches and sandbagged gun positions are multiplying. Militiamen loyal to Saddam Hussein say they're ready for a fight to the death.

Baghdad is gearing up for what could be a street-to-street fight against American troops, if President Bush gives the order to invade. Saddam appears nightly on television to reassure Iraqis the Americans would be no match in a ground battle.

Iraqis echo his words. But some say privately they are preparing to fight off another enemy: gunmen who may try to settle old scores or simply take advantage of a power vacuum to rob and loot.

"A lot of it is going to depend on motivation and the level of loyalty to Saddam, and that's difficult to gauge," Ian Kemp of Jane's Defense Weekly said Thursday in a telephone interview from London.

The United States and Britain have nearly 300,000 troops in the Persian Gulf region -- and expect to have 100,000 more within weeks -- for a threatened invasion of Iraq to remove Saddam from power and ensure Iraq isn't hiding weapons of mass destruction.

In a week, this city of 5 million people on the banks of the Tigris River has taken on the appearance of a defense line, where preparations for battle are visible at almost every corner.

Residents say the number of sandbagged positions has almost tripled in two weeks. There are at least twice as many armed policemen in full combat gear as there were a week ago.

Gun sales good

Guns are very common in Iraq. Even so, gun shop owners say business has risen by 25 percent over the past month, with cheap pistols priced under $100 in highest demand. The shops are not allowed to sell assault rifles, but store owners say hunting rifles are selling fast.

"This is a business like any other business, and the present situation makes everyone want to think he's equipped to defend himself and his family," gun shop owner Mahmoud Mahdi said Thursday.

Mohiey Khalaf, 72, has been in the business of repairing and maintaining firearms for over 40 years. On Thursday, he was busy fixing a black revolver at his workshop in a small pedestrian alley.

On Wednesday, in an ominous sign of what may be in store if American troops attempt to capture the city, 60 men clad in white paraded through Baghdad, pledging to give their lives in suicide attacks on U.S. troops.

Members of Saddam's ruling Baath Party say they've set up neighborhood brigades with a structure of command that ensures uninterrupted communication if fighting breaks out.

"How can they possibly try and enter Baghdad?" said Ali Mohammed, a 30-year-old local Baath leader in the working class district of Al-Habibiyah. "They dare not come in because they will meet a certain defeat."

Emerging from a gun repair shop, he tucked his pistol into his belt.

Mohammed, like millions of Baath Party members and militiamen loyal to Saddam, also has a Kalashnikov, the weapon of preference for most Iraqis. Occasional violence between rival tribes and Iraqis' love of hunting mean hardly an Iraqi household is without at least one firearm.

Saddam has for weeks been feeding the notion that Iraqis fighting on home terrain would have an edge over the better-armed Americans. Meeting with infantry commanders Wednesday, he catalogued the features of a U.S. aircraft carrier he did not identify: a nuclear power station, a water desalination plant, nine stories and 20,000 meals a day.

"But does it have tires to reach Baghdad? Certainly not. The one thing that will finally decide the battle is a soldier on his feet," he said.

Many in Baghdad agreed.

"My family taught me how to use a gun at age 5," said Nazer Qahtan Khalil, co-owner of one of Baghdad's estimated 45 gun shops. "Would you allow someone to enter your home uninvited? God willing, Baghdad will be the grave of the Americans."

In addition to the danger posed by street battles in Baghdad, experts and some Iraqis warn any power vacuum, however brief, would tempt looters or people who want to settle scores among the city's many clans and tribes.

Residents of the capital are reluctant to speak openly about the prospect of violence between Iraqis, preferring instead to stick to the official line that every citizen would rise to the defense of his country against foreign invaders.

But Hussein, a 31-year-old Baghdad taxi driver who wouldn't give his last name, said while Iraqis would indeed fight for their country, some of the city's residents fear Iraqis could attack their local enemies if lawlessness breaks out.

"Without government officials mediating as they always do, there could be a lot of fighting," he said.

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Look a like contest

The following photo has been submitted by a user of semissourian.com. To submit your own photo to the site, click here.
Friday, September 12, 2008

Photo taken at the Father/Son look a like contest at the SEMO Fair.

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• MOU signing Ceremony

    GIM 2015
GOPIO Integrated Industrial Township is a flagship project of Governemnt of Tamil Nadu and MoU is entered between GOPIO and GoTN during Global Investors Meet 2015 in the presence of Hon'ble Chief Minsiter of Tamil Nadu.GOPIO Integarated Industrial Town ship is a Joint Venture Company between Sensa Harmya Constructions P Limited and GOPIO SPV. The Integarted Industrial Township conceived as the most comprehensive city in the Port City of South Tamil Nadu i.e., in Thoothukudi. The main purpose of this project is reconnecting amblical cord of Mother India with Persons from Indian Origin (PIOs) who have settled elsewhere and wanted to reconnect with their mother land. PIOs who have pioneered in their respective fields are welcomed to participate in this project.

The Investments by PIOs are envisaged to be USD 150 Mn (INR 900 Crores) and the project will attract USD 575 Mn (INR 3,750 Crores) with an employment opportunity to above 10,000 people directly and indirectly.Sensa is pioneer in the urban development that is being built as an integrated residential, commercial, and industrial township. The township concept keeping its attention to the core of 'light industry' concerning the town vision as a green-concept city, pollution-free, and environmentally-friendly area. Sensa also provides good infrastructure and first-class facilities to ensure that people live and enjoy comfortably. And we really want to be a destination point of foreign direct investment, as the city flairs for its motto,

"The Best Place to Live, Work and Play"


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Grilling: Stuffed Poblanos with Black Beans and Cheese

Fire up your grill and get ready for some serious smoke.

Grilling: Stuffed Poblanos with Black Beans and Cheese

Editor's note: On Fridays, Joshua Bousel drops by with a recipe for you to grill over the weekend. Fire it up, Joshua!

My recent failure at grilling stuffed peppers left a lingering desire for some that could fulfill my craving. Armed with my knowledge of does not work, I've been on the lookout for a recipe that would ensure success. I came across this one for stuffed poblanos that looked like it would fit the bill while hunting for Cinco de Mayo eats.

Luckily, my instincts were correct this time around. Undercooked rice absorbs the excess moisture from the beans, sour cream, cotija cheese, tomatoes, and scallions, forming a cohesive filling when cooked that has a pleasing, creamy texture. The cheesy filling also has plays nicely with the fruity poblano, which loses what little heat it had during cooking. These have now eased my hankering stuffed peppers, and will also make a great addition to my upcoming fiesta menu.

Stuffed Poblanos with Black Beans and Cheese

Adapted from Chow.

  • Rated:

  • 1 cup uncooked white long grain rice
  • 1 1/2 cups water
  • 3 3/4 teaspoons kosher salt
  • 8 medium poblano peppers
  • 1 cup cooked black beans
  • 1 teaspoon toasted cumin seeds
  • 3/4 cup sour cream
  • 3/4 cup crumbled Cotija cheese (about 4 ounces)
  • 1/2 cup chopped cilantro (about 1/2 bunch)
  • 1 cup chopped fresh tomatoes (about 2 small tomatoes)
  • 2/3 cup chopped scallions (about 1/2 bunch)
  • 1 jalepeño, finely chopped
  • 1/2 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper

  1. 1.

    Place rice in a colander or a fine mesh strainer and rinse under cold running water until the water runs clear. Combine rice, water, and 3/4 teaspoon of the salt in a medium saucepan and bring to a boil over high heat. Cover the pan and reduce heat to low; cook until water has been completely absorbed, about 10 minutes (rice will be slightly undercooked). Remove the lid and set the pan aside to let rice cool.

  2. 2.

  3. 3.

    Place beans in a large mixing bowl. Using a potato masher or the back of a fork, lightly mash them (some whole beans will remain). Stir cumin, sour cream, Cotija, cilantro, tomatoes, scallions, jalapeño, pepper, and remaining salt into mashed beans and mix until evenly combined. Gently mix in cooled rice. Taste mixture and, if necessary, season with salt and freshly ground black pepper. (Note that the filling should be quite salty to compensate for there being no salt on the peppers.) Stuff each pepper with the filling and replace caps, securing with a toothpick.

  4. 4.

    Light one chimney full of charcoal. When all the charcoal is lit and covered with gray ash, pour out and spread coals out evenly over the charcoal grate. Place stuffed peppers on their sides and close the lid. Roll each pepper a quarter turn every 7 minutes or so to cook all four sides. The peppers are finished once the filling is hot, the skins are well-charred, and the flesh is soft to the touch, about 30 minutes. Remove from the grill and serve.


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Rusty Nail

Rusty Nail

[Photo: Jennifer Hess]

Perhaps this 50-50 combination of Scotch and Drambuie reminds you of your grandfather's poker nights. Or perhaps your grandmother drank them between Camels. Nevertheless, you probably think of the Rusty Nail as an old person's drink, a quaff too musty even for Mad Men.

It doesn't have to be this way. Drinks with these two ingredients date to the 1930s under a variety of names as David Wondrich recounted for Esquire: the B.I.F., the D & S, the Little Club No. 1. No one knows where or when "Rusty Nail" originated, but by the 1960s, the name had stuck.

Though the modern version calls for equal parts, earlier versions were drier, calling for substantially more Scotch. This is where you'll start. David Wondrich suggests 2 ounces Scotch to 1/2 ounce Drambuie, a 4:1 ratio. That's what I like, too. Want to add a dash of Angostura in there? Trust me, it won't hurt a thing.

  • Yield:makes 1 cocktail
  • Active time: 2 minutes
  • Total time:2 minutes
  • Rated:

  • 2 ounces blended Scotch, such as Famous Grouse
  • 1/2 ounce Drambuie
  • 1 dash of Angostura bitters (optional)

  1. 1.

    Fill a rocks glass with ice. Add Scotch, Drambuie, and bitters (if using). Stir thoroughly and serve.


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I normally do not have any trouble using up dried legumes. However on a recent cleaning kick, I found a long lost bag of lentils in the far reaches of my cabinet. They expired in 2011....opps. I am not one to worry much on expiration dates, but will the two years have any effect on the lentils?

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Commercial Mold Remediation

Besides causing a major business interruption, a mold problem can present a serious health risk for people exposed at your commercial property. Mold infestations can be caused by minor water intrusions, like a slow roof leak or loose plumbing fitting. Every hour spent cleaning up is an hour of lost revenue and productivity. If you suspect your property has a mold problem, call  SERVPRO of Southbury / Torrington, who will respond quickly and work fast to manage the situation.

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Commercial Mold Remediation Presents Unique Challenges

Mold can spread quickly through a property if left untreated. SERVPRO of Southbury / Torrington can respond quickly, working to first contain the infestation to help prevent its spread to other parts of the building. Next, we will begin the remediation process, working safely and effectively to manage the situation. We have the training, experience, and equipment to contain the mold infestation and remediate it to preloss condition. Learn more about SERVPRO of Southbury / Torrington training and certifications.

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2005-07-17 04:00:00 PDT Dahaniya, Gaza Strip -- You can see the outside world from the roof of what passes for city hall in Dahaniya -- an Egyptian flag fluttering from a border outpost, the disused airstrip at Gaza International Airport, Israeli tanks posted at a checkpoint. Officially it is part of the Gaza Strip, but it appears on no maps.

It is also known as the "village of traitors."

And with Israel's planned withdrawal from the Gaza Strip just weeks away, the 350 people who live there are wondering what is to become of them.

"They are not certain, but they are certain of one thing," said resident Ishmael Shtewe. "The houses here will be demolished."

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His uncle, Auda Shtewe, the village moqtar, a traditional community leader, said the first of the so-called traitors arrived in 1987 -- 12 families from the Sinai who had helped Israel by informing on their fellow Arabs and then hid in Jewish settlements in the Sinai. When those settlements were evacuated as part of Israel's peace treaty with Egypt, they were relocated by Israel to Dahaniya, where they were joined over the next few years by another 15 or so families from Gaza who were informers for Israel during the first Palestinian intifada, from 1987 to 1991.

The original villagers, mostly Bedouin, who after the 1967 Six-Day War had given up the nomadic life for concrete apartments and tents for their animals, did not exactly welcome the newcomers, the moqtar said. But the Bedouins, who have a tradition of hospitality, tolerated them. And the new residents could always use their alarms to summon Israeli army protection if they felt threatened, he said.

But the villagers became increasingly isolated.

Outsiders, who viewed the newcomers with hostility and suspicion, turned down invitations to visit. Soon, all who lived in the village, whether they had been collaborators or not, were dubbed as traitors.

"We asked the Israelis" why the village was selected, the moqtar said. "They said, 'It's our land. We'll do with it what we like. If you don't like it, leave.' "

Over the years, the informers began to leave, to parts unknown in Israel, until just a few remained. Now, once Israel leaves and the residents' houses are torn down as part of the Gaza evacuation plan, the entire village faces the prospect of being absorbed by a Palestinian population that includes many who have come to hate them.

The villagers say they don't know what to expect. Could they be relocated to Israel to start new lives as Arabs in a Jewish land? Will such an offer, assuming it is extended, only apply to those few remaining families who actually helped the Jewish state?

"The Israeli authorities ignored them. They don't know how to treat them, " said Tel Aviv attorney Yoram Melmen, who earlier this month filed a petition on behalf of 40 of the families with Israel's Supreme Court and is now negotiating a possible settlement with the Israeli government.

"Since the Palestinian people treat them as traitors, you can't abandon them. If you are going to leave them there, they're going to slaughter them. You can't ignore them. It's a matter of life," Melmen said.

Shlomo Dror, spokesman for the Coordinator of Israeli Government Activities in the Territories, acknowledged that the Israeli government housed hundreds of collaborators in Dahaniya -- reaching the high point between 1993 and 1996 -- and in a similar village near Jenin in the West Bank. But those families are long gone.

"They are already in Israel. They are part of Israeli society. Some people don't know they were collaborators. Some people don't know they were Arabs," said Dror, who said the Israeli government provided the families with money, new identities, and even psychological help. "All of them get along in Israel very nicely."

Dror said three families of collaborators remain in Dahaniya while Israel puts together their compensation package. They -- along with 17 families whose members married Israeli citizens and three other families the Israeli government has determined face threats to their lives for reasons unrelated to collaboration -- will all be safely in Israel before the scheduled Aug. 15 pullout, he said.

Most of the remaining families, Dror said, consist of members whose problems, if any, are not related to their association with Dahaniya -- they are drug smugglers, car thieves and pimps, he insisted.

And they are using their village's reputation and their own alleged fears of reprisals to seek a better deal from the Israeli government -- although he suggested the villagers would be better served taking the current package and buying land in Gaza before the Palestinian Authority destroys Dahaniya to make room for expansion of the Gaza airport. But, he added, all claims of feared reprisals would be investigated, and the government is hoping to increase the compensation packages for Dahaniya's residents.

"The first thing we'll do is check if this guy goes to Gaza every day." Such apparent freedom of movement, Dror said, would indicate "he's not in any danger."

Melmen said his clients deny having criminal backgrounds, and says their fear is very real.

The Jerusalem-based Palestinian Human Rights Monitoring Group has documented dozens of cases of suspected Palestinian collaborators being killed in the street or sentenced to death by the Palestinian Authority during the second intifada, which began in 2000.

Aware of the controversial nature of the village, and the need to protect the identities of the families, Israeli authorities would not allow any photographs to be taken there.

Despite the concerns, the villagers are not scared, the moqtar insisted. At first, a crowd of young men outside city hall, in their teens and early 20s wearing a mixture of Western and Bedouin clothing, agreed.

Then a man in a white dishdasha (robe) walked up and spoke in disgust.

"Why don't you tell him the truth?" he demanded. "We are afraid."

The other men watched him stalk off, then explained quietly that the man had been arrested in Gaza by Palestinian police, beaten, and sent running through an orchard with a bag over his head while police shot at his feet -- all because he came from Dahaniya. The man refused to discuss the story, but some of the other men began to discuss their own experiences.

"Even inside Israel, somebody gave me a ride, and he asked me where I was from. I told him, and he said, 'Oh -- the village of traitors,' " said one of them who with great reluctance gave only his first name, Zaki.

"If somebody from Israel calls me a traitor, what are they going to do to me in Gaza?" he asked.

Apart from the fears, there were also financial considerations about the handover. In Israel, where Zaki works at a grocery store, he makes 200 shekels a day. In Gaza, "if you're lucky and God loves you, you might make 20 shekels a day." And after years of close contact and receiving water and services from Israel, the villagers lack the antipathy toward Israel shared by many of their Palestinian neighbors.

"Gaza is only 4 kilometers away, and I don't know one square meter of it, " Zaki said, pointing toward the airport. "Israel, I know every inch."

The villagers refused to show the way to homes where they said the remaining informers lived -- they didn't even want to be seen near those homes. But they allowed some of the children to show the way.

The homes looked like all the others -- except their doors were shut tight. After several knocks at one door, a voice inside responded, then a door opened slightly, revealing a young woman wearing a high white turban.

"I don't know why, exactly, but my father moved here," she said, after receiving reassurances that her name would not appear in a newspaper. Told that other villagers claimed her father was a collaborator with Israel, she shrugged: "People can say what they want. I can't talk about it ... we mind our own business. We have a nice neighborhood here, and they treat us well."

After she closed the door, one of the neighbor children sneered.

"She didn't tell the truth," the boy, Hamid, said. "Her father is a spy. They used to work for the Israelis in Gaza and they brought him here."

Hamid led the way to a row of vacant concrete homes. These were the houses of the collaborators who had moved to Israel over the years, he explained.

Outside lay the remains of a rotting sheep. Graffiti covered the outer walls. The inside walls were reduced to rubble, the adjoining corners used as toilets.

Other children who had joined the tour said they were responsible for the destruction, explaining with grins and gestures how they had rendered the homes inhabitable.

"We didn't want them to bring any more spies here," Hamid said firmly. "We need to cleanse the village of spies as quickly as possible."


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The thrill of the cheap always satisfies. With an excellent bargain wine, every step, from discovery to purchase to imbibing, heightens its deliciousness. In the late 1970s (I'm dating myself here), I would drive across two state lines to Washington, D.C. (which had lower taxes), to buy cases of wine for the next few months. Nothing creates as much happiness as when a wine tastes $24 but costs $4.

Then inflation ballooned, and dismal years followed when my great wine "bargains" rose to $6, then $7 and even $10. These days, more often than not, I count it a cheap thrill -- rather than the thrill of the cheap -- to spot a $15 bottle that tastes better than its price tag. It almost ended my bargain addiction.

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So it was with a trembling hand that I picked up a $6.99 bottle with a rabbit on it, labeled simply "Riesling" at my local Whole Foods market. At first I was annoyed: Another animal logo, another marketing ploy, and most likely another dumbed-down wine. But I couldn't resist buying it.

I don't usually peruse labels carefully when a wine is under $10, but when I tasted the rabbit Riesling, my interest was piqued. I liked it; and I liked it even better when I double-checked the price (yep, still $6.99). And when I read the back label, it leapfrogged to "the best wine I've bought in a long time." It turns out my new discovery was a German Riesling, not a New World pretender from Mendocino or Washington state's Columbia Valley, but a Riesling from the great wine's home soil.

Labels simplified

Turns out quite a few German Rieslings have crossed the cultural divide. Traditional German wine labels with seven-syllable words, arcane designations and baroque labels have long put Americans off German wine, says Thomas Haehn, national sales director for Rudi Wiest Selections, the largest importer of German wines to the United States. "People are tired of these Prussian-style labels. They say, 'I don't want to have a language barrier before I can drink.' " Haehn says that the new way of marketing Rieslings "is doing German Riesling a favor because people are giving German wines another look," he says.

These jazzily packaged Rieslings are grown and made in Germany's traditional regions -- Mosel-Saar-Ruwer, Rheinhessen, Pfalz and Nahe -- but they have a radical new look, with short and snappy names, such as Relax, Bloom and Clean Slate, and not a single German word on the label. Haehn says there are scores of such German Rieslings retailing in the United States. Most sell for around $10, but there are also smaller production single-estate Rieslings, such as Jazz, Butterfly and Dragonstone, that range in price from $12 to $20.

Haehn explains that customers used to ask for a German wine where "the bottle was green and had a crest on it" -- which accurately described most German wines. Marketers discovered that if they put an animal on the label, or gave it a fun name and put it in a sleek bottle at a cheap price, it would fly off the shelf. In 1996, in a move that was way ahead of the curve, the von Schleinitz Estate in Mosel marketed Slatestone Dry Riesling with a label that was a highly stylized photograph of gray-colored rock. It did so well, the winery followed it up with a second Slatestone Riesling without the dry designation. American negociants quickly caught on.

Younger drinkers targeted

"We've seen in our recent history that the barriers and borders around brands and language are breaking down," says Peter Click, president of the Click Wine group, which markets Clean Slate Riesling. The company sources big-name, successful varietals from countries like Australia and Chile, gives them a catchy name and innovative packaging, and markets them with great success. For example, Clean Slate, released first in the American market last fall, sold well beyond expectations, especially to a younger demographic, says Click.

The same demographics within Germany are responding, and the contemporary look and simple labels are "wildly successful," says Haehn. Butterfly, made by the Zilliken Estate, is an example of Riesling's renaissance in its homeland. With an English name and a butterfly on the label, Haehn says, the wine has sold "by leaps and bounds."

Haehn adds that new technology and the consolidation of small wineries, as well as relabeling and branding, whether by outsiders like the Click Group or the Germans themselves, are part of a shift in German wine production and marketing.

Schmitt-Sohne, makers of Relax Riesling, sold 140,000 cases last year.

The Click Group says it's ready to produce up to 100,000 cases a year of its Clean Slate within the next few years, up from 15,000 in 2006, and it's poised to enter several European markets with it, including Germany.

After all, Germany is where the grape grows and tastes best. Haehn points to the significant climate difference between California and Germany. "American Rieslings lack acidity and minerality. They generally tend to be one-dimensional and focused on sweetness." Haehn, of course, is partisan.

Peter Click, however, is not. He is American and the Click Group is based in Washington state. "We are in the middle of Chateau St. Michelle," considered one of the prime American makers of Riesling, "and we chose German Riesling . . . We did not look at American, Australian or South African Rieslings. Our focal point is to go to the place in the world that for that specific grape, where we think the grape is best expressed in that part of the world." And for Riesling it's Germany.

German Riesling, with low alcohol, subtle fruit balanced by acidity and tinged with minerally terroir, is easy to pair with food, easy to like and now, easy to read.

At any rate, Americans are gulping Riesling whether it is from the New World or Old. It was a clear sign of Riesling's future that when Fetzer ran out of California Riesling, it bought German Riesling to bottle as its Valley Oaks Riesling in 2005.

Old and New World thrills

I learned to drink the Old World version not because of wine mavens who extol Riesling as the next Pinot Grigio. I learned from a German professor, whose relatives in the Mosel would send him cases of the best of every vintage.

Every year, I lifted gold-kissed, featherlight and ethereally complex goblets of Ockfener Bockstein and Wehlener-Sonnenuhr from Kabinett to Spatlese to Auslese to Trockenbeerenauslese.

No, Rabbit and Clean Slate are not of this caliber. But in a sublime year, such as 2005, a mass-market blend from the "other side of the tracks" can be outstanding. Now such a wine still thrills me, and it inspires me to learn some German -- but that may no longer be necessary.


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2017-2018 Shakespeare on Tour: Romeo and Juliet

Fall 2017 tour of "Romeo and Juliet" begins October 15!

R%26j website hero

Date requests are currently being accepted for the upcoming 2017-18  tour of Romeo and Juliet. Call 415-558-0888 or request a date online or fax your date request form to 415-865-4433.

Our one-hour touring production travels to you with a cast of professional actors in costume, with set, props and live music.
At the conclusion of the show, performed in Shakespeare's original text, they will stay to take questions from the audience. Included are three weeks of one hour lesson plans, written especially for teachers and indexed to California State Standards. These guides have been acclaimed as valuable resources in readily facilitating an enhanced understanding of the plot, themes, character motives, and language found in Shakespeare’s writing.

For even more engagement, add a PLAYSHOP - a one-hour, hands-on classroom experience that will deepen your students' appreciation of Romeo and Juliet.

Flexible staging requirements!
Show may take place indoors or out, in a gym, library, theater, multi-purpose room or other spaces!
- 20x25 foot performance area, with an 8 foot ceiling
- adequate lighting for the audience to see the show (theatrical lighting not required)

Shakespeare wrote for the stage, not for the page, and much of his information is conveyed through visual imagery and live performance. Don’t miss this thoroughly affordable opportunity to have his words come to life at your location!

Please note: the calendar fills quickly; request your date NOW!
- call (415) 558-0888
- request a date online
- email your date request
- download a date request form

Tour Fees:
- Within 150 miles of San Francisco
• One show: $660
• Two back-to-back shows: $975 (second show immediately follows the first)
- Over 150 miles of San Francisco
• One show: $765
• Two back-to-back shows: $1080 (second show immediately follows the first)

Add a one-hour hands on PLAYSHOP - only $180 for up to 32 students!


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On UCLA’s first day of training camp at Cal State San Bernardino, Mossi Johnson’s 185-pound frame landed shoulder first into the grass.

For a moment, the freshman receiver feared the worst. He had already spent a year rehabbing multiple torn knee ligaments, and bounced back this past spring as one of the Bruins’ top camp performers. That Aug. 4 evening, he tweeted as if he were bracing for another long recovery: “God gives his toughest battles to his strongest warriors.”

“When you get injured, you get nervous,” Johnson said Tuesday. “You get scared right then and there. When you can’t get up by yourself, you get nervous. I did get nervous. I was nervous until we got to the doctor’s office and all.”

The 6-foot Crenshaw High alum turned out to be just fine, his recovery timetable easily beating out the original diagnosis. On Aug. 5, UCLA head coach Jim Mora told reporters that doctors initially gave Johnson “weeks before he’s full-go again, full contact.” The freshman dressed for practice the very next day in a non-contact red jersey, and switched to a regular blue practice uniform late last week.

Though he’s dropped some catcheable passes in recent practices, he remains in line to contribute significantly as an inside receiver.

“If I didn’t come back fast enough, they probably would have thought about redshirting me,” Johnson said. “I didn’t want to waste any time.”

Mora praised Johnson’s attitude.

“Mossi’s a great competitor,” he said. “And he’s tough as heck. He’s smart. Hated being hurt. … He’s got that mindset that he’s not going to let anything hold him back. He doesn’t make mistakes. He plays hard all the time. I like his toughness.”

Asked about Johnson’s relatively quick return, Mora also hinted that some players may take longer than necessary to return from an injury — perhaps due to mental obstacles rather than physical setbacks.

“That’s why I think it’s real important that you never put a timetable on recovery,” Mora said. “You have to be careful if you tell a young man, ‘Hey, this is a six-week injury.’ Some guys might say, ‘I’ve got six weeks to get healthy.’ You don’t know how the body’s going to react. …

“We’re never going to put them back on the field until they’re ready to go. But they all recover differently.”

O Captain! My Captain!

UCLA voted on team captains last Thursday, and Mora announced the six picks Tuesday morning.

On offense, it’s quarterback Brett Hundley and center Jake Brendel; on defense, linebacker Eric Kendricks and defensive end Owamagbe Odighizuwa; on special teams, linebacker Ryan Hofmeister and fullback Taylor Lagace.

All are returning captains except Odighizuwa, who missed all of last season recovering from multiple hip surgeries, and Lagace.

Learning curve

Offensive lineman Kolton Miller was a four-star recruit out of Roseville (Calif.) High, ranked among California’s top 35 recruits in the class of 2014.

But when he got to UCLA, Miller discovered that picking up the Bruins’ high-tempo playbook was a struggle. The solution was simple: an hour-long sitdown with senior tackle Malcolm Bunche, a graduate transfer from Miami who is projected to start at left tackle.

“We got it down that day,” Miller said. “He’s awesome. He’s a great guy, too. His laugh — he’s a great guy. I like him.”

Injury report

Mora was confident that Brendel, who is recovering from an MCL injury, will be ready to play in the Bruins’ Aug. 30 season opener at Virginia. The third-year starting center originally hurt his knee last Monday and was carted off the field at Cal State San Bernardino, but is now walking without a limp.

Cornerback Marcus Rios saw a specialist for his migraines on Tuesday. He missed a number of practices in San Bernardino before returning late in the week for sideline work.

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Tao Teh Ching

Tao Teh Ching

By Lao Tzu
Translated by John C. H. Wu
 - Paperback

Shambhala Classics
Pages: 184
Size: 6 x 9
ISBN: 9781590302460
Related Topics

Written more than two thousand years ago, the Tao Teh Ching, or "The Classic of the Way and Its Virtue," has probably had a greater influence on Asian thought than any other single book. It is also one of the true classics of the world of spiritual literature.

Traditionally attributed to the near-legendary "Old Master," Lao Tzu, the Tao Teh Ching teaches that the qualities of the enlightened sage or ideal ruler are identical with those of the perfected individual. Today, Lao Tzu's words are as useful in mastering the arts of leadership in business and politics as they are in developing a sense of balance and harmony in everyday life. To follow the Tao or Way of all things and realize their true nature is to embdy humility, spontaneity, and generosity.

John C. H. Wu has done a remarkable job of rendering this subtle text into English while retaining the freshness and depth of the original. A jurist and scholar, Dr. Wu was a recognized authority on Taoism and the translator of several Taoist and Zen texts and of Chinese poetry.

News & Reviews

"No better choice of translator could have been made for the Tao Teh Ching than Dr. John C. H. Wu, whose rendering is superb. More than this, Dr. Wu is one who is able to translate Lao Tzu not only in his words but in his life. . . . Everyone knows in a vague way that the Tao Teh Ching is poetic, and indeed that it is great poetry. We all know that it usually impresses Westerners as more than a trifle quietistic. Hence we treat it with condescension as a quaint impractical document of an ancient day when no one bothered much about the progress. Perhaps we do not realize that some of the wisdom of the Tao Teh Ching, which so often reminds one of the Sermon on the Mount, is absolutely necessary for us not only to progress but even to survive." —Thomas Merton

Reader Reviews


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Rooms & Suites

Unparalled comfort

at every turn

All guestrooms and suites have wide-view windows and a spacious environment. Each of the 33 luxurious suites are defined by modern living quarters accentuated by contemporary Asian highlights, with suite sizes ranging from 84 to 168 sqm. Suites also include a separate lounge room that provide an area to relax or entertain.


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Shangrila Llamas
Whisk Me Away

Birth Date: 10/18/04

BAL Whiskers

 HCLR Wildflower

Whisk Me Away is out of BAL Whiskers a many time Grand Champion son of Whist.  He is one of the biggest llamas I have ever seen.  But he is a gentle giant.  He loves to have his back scratched and his best buddy is the smallest llama in the pasture.  He has a coat of many colors.  His body is mostly a silver grey.  His mother had a beautiful intense appy male out of Momento so maybe we'll even get spots!

His first two babies made us proud at the Virginia Classic 2009.  Shangrila's Apache came in first in Juvenile Medium Wool Male and Grand Champion Medium Wool Male.  Romano came in

 2nd in Juvenile Heavy Wool Male and 4th of the Top Five Heavy Wool Males. Then Apache won Best Bred and Owned Male.

At the 2009 western NC State Fair Romano won a 1st place Heavy Wool Juvenile and then Reserve Champion Heavy Wool Male.  Bruce Gurney, Lake View Llamas, has won Whisk Me Away's first Get of Sire after those sons, Apollo, Apache and Alex, won Grand and Reserve Grands in their classes at the 2011 PA State Fair.  Update

Shangrila's Donnie won Grand Champion Heavy Wool Male at the 2011 West VA State fair.

Bruce Gurney, Lake view Llamas sent us wonderful news, "I wanted to update you about the boys - attached is a recent picture of Apollo. Between the three (Apache, Apollo and Alex the breeding from Martinque and Whisk) they have won well over twenty Championships including Grand's, Get of Sire and Produce of Dam. To top all that Apollo won "Best In Show" at the highly competitive New York State Fair ALSA show last week! Apollo has outstanding size, bone, stretch, fiber and presence along with a great temperament. Additionally, Apache has won Grand in performance classes and has an incredible loving and trusting disposition."

Click here to print his ILR Certificate  Breeding Fee - $750

BAL Whisk Me Away's Babies

Shangrila's Apollo

Shangrila's Whizzy

Shangrila's Apache

Shangrila's JazzyBelle

Shangrila's Chrystal

Shangrila's Nathan

Shangrila's Storm in On

Shangrila's Sambuca Romano

Shangrila's Joshua

Shangrila's Donnie

Shangrila's Smokey

Shangrila's Penelope

Shangrila's Gunny

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Shangrila's Herd Sires:  BAL Haggerty - BAL Whisk Me Away - Power Spike - Boogie Knight

Shangrila's Reference Herd Sires:  Paso Peru - Smokin' Joe - Fancy Creek Hobbes - Cuervo Supreme - Movin On- BAL Whizard
Argentine Altanero - BAL Presidio

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