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Fresher Designs

07970 698 090

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The contract between Fresher Designs and the Client is set out in the details below, to the exclusion of all other terms and conditions. Any variations to these conditions shall have no effect unless agreed in writing. We aim to offer a fair outline of what is provided by fresher Designs and what is expected of the client to ensure a productive working relationship.

The works to be carried out shall be previewed online before being available for public viewing. The client is expected to email Fresher Designs when the site is ready and agreed for public viewing and an agreed launch date will be designated.

Email will be the primary method of contact with regard to all communication. Please inform us of any change in email address so we always have up to date email contact details. Emails act as a record of instructions and responses with Fresher Designs and the Client, we can not be held liable in any way relating to communication issues if we are not supplied a valid email address. Fresher Designs will acknowledge all emails within 3 working days.

Fresher Designs will only commence work on a Project after receipt of a non refundable, 50% deposit of the quoted Project fee from the Client. Fresher Designs will also require the final 50% payment upon overall approval of the home page design. The website will be switched to Live Mode once the Client's remaining balance is paid in full.

The deposit paid to Fresher Designs covers the cost of design work carried out as well as any admin work and communication with Fresher Designs. The deposit is non refundable.

Fresher Designs shall expect the Client to carry out sufficient research before proceeding with a website. This will include checking that the website/idea/business will operate legally. It is important that the website is not in any way illegal. Fresher Designs reserves the right to suspend any website account if found to be trading illegally

It is important for the Client to keep in contact with Fresher Designs throughout the entire Project. If a Client does not make contact for 1 week we will make up to 5 attempts to contact the client by email using the email address specified when the client went ahead. If we do not receive a response to these attempts of contact the Project may be terminated, and the deposit will not be refunded.

The Client is responsible for testing all interactive elements of the website to ensure the correct procedures and actions are present. For example, navigation links, footer links and contact form email alerts.

Where images used on the website have been purchased by Fresher Designs on behalf of the Client, these images are strictly for use on the website only. Fresher Designs are not liable for misuse of these images by the Client or any other person’s copying, altering or distributing the images to individuals or other organisations.

Images and graphics created by Fresher Designs, remain the property of Fresher Designs and can be used with the permission of Fresher Designs, whilst in a working partnership with Fresher Designs. No images can be transferred to other websites if not hosted by Fresher Designs without prior agreement.

Fresher Designs will host the website if the Client requires us to do so and on receipt of full payment of our Hosting fees. In doing so, Fresher Designs will endeavour to provide a reliable and professional service to the Client at all times but do not guarantee that the website Hosting will be available at all times, especially in the event of a technical failure beyond our control.

All hosting offered by Fresher Designs is limited to 200mb of website space unless otherwise stated in a seperate contract. If your site requires more than 200mb of space we will advise of other hosting solutions and then cease hosting the site.

Fresher Designs cannot be held responsible for anything adversely affecting the Client's business operation, sales, or profitability that might be claimed is a result of a service offered by Fresher Designs.

Where asked to provide search engine optimisation for a Client, Fresher Designs do not guarantee any specific placement or high ranking on search engines.

Project Plan

Fresher Designs will provide the Client with an expected completion date for the Project (live on the internet) if requested. Fresher Designs will endeavour to meet any given deadline, but do not guarantee and are not bound in any way to complete the Project by this date. The expected completion date provided by any employee of Fresher Designs is purely an estimate.

Fresher Designs will endeavour to make changes to a website with 24 - 48 hours where possible. If a client knows of changes needed to be activated within a specific time frame, we can schedule amendments to coincide with an agreed timetable

It is the Client’s responsibility to check with Fresher Designs whether Open Source Software is being used or not.

The Client shall not be charged for Open Source Software. If there is a charge for a website using Open Source Software, the Client is paying for the installation time. Open Source Software is not owned by Fresher Designs or the Client.

Fresher Designs own all design and code of the website and if the client wishes to change website provider / hosting the website may not be transferred. Images will have been purchased by Fresher Designs for the Client, unless the images have been supplied by the Client. Images purchased by Fresher Designs are licensed only for use with the client.

All images displayed on the Client's website will only be used after authorisation by the Client, and are the sole responsibility of the Client regarding usage and copyright. Should any legal issues or claims arise from the content or copyright of any images supplied by the Client or Fresher Designs, they will be the sole responsibility of the Client.

Domain Names

Domain names will be registered by Fresher Designs and also registered to the Fresher Designs Post Office Box address. The client may make a request to Fresher Designs, transfer the domain and have details changed or the domain transferred elsewhere, Fresher Designs will do this within a reasonable time frame and costs will billed to the client before the transfer is made.

Domain Names Owned by Clients

It is the responsibility of the Client to renew their domain names when due if not registered by Fresher Designs. If a domain name expires, Fresher Designs can not be held liable for this. However, Fresher Designs will make reasonable effort to contact the Client regarding domain renewal. If Fresher Designs has agreed to continually renew a domain name the client will be billed 4 - 6 weeks prior to the date. If the client does not make a payment in time for the renewal Fresher Designs reserves the right not to renew the web domain or suspend the website hosting - this will result interruption of service.

If a Domain name is purchased by the Client through a company other than Fresher Designs, the Client has full responsibility in making sure that the domain name is renewed when due. Fresher Designs will not renew the Domain name when annual Hosting renewal is due if the Domain name is purchased through a company other than Fresher Designs.

Annual Hosting

When a Client renews Hosting with Fresher Designs, this also includes domain renewal if the renewal is needed to keep the site functioning and was purchased as part of the Hosting package. If the Client does not renew the Hosting, their domain name could be made available to the public for purchase and Fresher Designs can not be held liable for this.

Renewal of Hosting is due on a yearly basis, even though it may be seen to be useful for multiple years to be purchased to aid SEO ranking, Fresher Designs will cover the cost of initial fee and bill annually where possible. The date of renewal will be annually from the date the website was made live. The Hosting will not be renewed if Fresher Designs cannot contact the Client or the Client requests for Fresher Designs to not host this site.

The Hosting renewal charge must be received within 4 - 6 weeks of the Hosting expiry date. Fresher Designs reserve the right to deactivate any website where the Hosting has expired and the Client has not paid the renewal charge. There will be an admin fee set by Fresher Designs for reactivating the website/Hosting.

If the Client does not use Fresher Designs Hosting services, then the management and Hosting of the Domain name are the full responsibility of the Client.

Fresher Designs will provide 1 years free hosting providing the client pays their deposit payment within 48 hours. If the deposit payment is not received within 48 hours then Fresher Designs reserve the right to charge £100+VAT for 1 years hosting of the clients website.

Content Added by Clients

Fresher Designs has no control of, or responsibility for, the content of Clients’ websites. In no way does the textual or image based Content of our Client's web sites constitute Fresher Designs endorsement, or approval of the website or the material contained within the website. Fresher Designs has not verified any of the materials, images or information contained within our Client's web sites and is not responsible for the content or performance of these sites or for the Client's transactions with them. Fresher Designs provides links or references to our Client's websites solely for the convenience of prospective customers and intends that the links it provides be current and accurate, but does not guarantee or warrant that such links will point to the intended Client site at all times.

Fresher Designs are not liable for loss, damage or corruption to files or information stored on its servers or individual PCs relating to a Client's website. The Client is solely responsible for any information or files relating to its website.

Credit & Debit Cards

Fresher Designs will take a 1.9% service charge payment on any payments received using a credit or debit card. If this is not acceptable to the client, we also accept BACS and Cheque as an alternative payment method. Electronic payment details can be found in our FAQ.

Domain Transfer

Should a Client wish to move Hosting away from Fresher Designs or transfer a Domain name away from Fresher Designs, we reserve the right to charge for the transfer. £100+VAT admin charge per domain will be charged, this must be paid in full before the transfer takes place along with any other outstanding fees or monies owing.

Clients may request Fresher Designs to transfer a domain to a new host but must request a transfer from their new host admin panel for .com domains. Please give 3 months notice if you intend to transfer a domain. Electronic payment details can be found in our FAQ. Please email us to notify us of payment to avoid delays in your transfer activation. Please allow up to 48 hours for transfers to be actioned.

In cases where you request a full transfer away from the Fresher Designs service you are responsible for liaising with the new ISP to make sure that your domain name records have been amended properly and you keep your new provider up to date with your address in order that they can invoice you for such fees. You must amend details so no reference to Fresher Designs or Fresher Enterprises Ltd.

Website Content

Fresher Designs makes no claims that the contents of this website may be lawfully viewed or downloaded outside England and Wales. Access to this website may not be legal by certain persons or in certain countries. If this website is accessed from outside of the United Kingdom, it is done at own risk and the visitor is responsible for compliance with the relevant laws of the visitor’s jurisdiction. The terms and conditions of this website are governed by the laws of England and Wales. Jurisdiction for any claims arising in respect of this website’s Content shall lie exclusively with the courts of England. If any provision of these terms and conditions is found to be invalid by any court having competent jurisdiction, the invalidity of such provision shall not affect the validity of the remaining provisions of these terms and conditions, which shall remain in full force and effect.

Definition of our terminology as used within our services and website design:

A 'Project' is any work undertaken or service provided by Fresher Enterprises Ltd (trading as Fresher Designs) for the Client on their request and as described in our confirmation order email to that Client.

A 'Client' is a person, persons, business or organisation using any of the services provided by Fresher Designs.

'Live Mode' means the date the website is available on the Client’s chosen domain.

'Domain' is the website address as specified by the Client which is renewed annually by Fresher Designs (unless otherwise agreed)

'Open Source Software' is software made freely available to anyone under the GNU General Public License (GPL).

'Hosting' is a yearly cost to keep a clients website activated online. Payment is due 4-6 weeks prior to the renewal date to ensure seamless presence on the internet

'Content' is both text and images that the Client requires on the website. All 'content' should be provided electronically by the client unless otherwise agreed

'mb' stands for megabytes and is a measure of storage space.

Enforcement of the Terms & Conditions

If you have questions regarding this statement, you should contact Fresher Designs.

Changes to this Statement

We may occasionally update the Terms & Condition statement. When we do, we will also revise the "last updated" date at the top of the privacy statement. For material changes to this privacy statement, we will notify you either by placing a notice on the footer of the home page of our Web site. We encourage you to periodically review this privacy statement to stay informed. Your continued use of the service constitutes your agreement to this privacy statement and any updates.

Contact Information

Fresher Designs welcomes your comments regarding this Terms & Conditions statement. If you believe that Fresher Designs has not adhered to this statement, please contact us electronically or via postal mail at the address provided below, and we will use commercially reasonable efforts to promptly determine and remedy the problem.

Registered Office:

Linthurst Road
Barnt Green
B45 8JJ

Fresher Designs is a trading name of Fresher Oaks Ltd

Company Number: 09987896


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Research Networks

Through its alliance with postcolonial and global studies, ecocriticism focuses the critiques of political power, capital, and development on the ecological consequences of these global forces. This critical perspective has occasioned a wide reappraisal of the periodization and national focus that has dominated the study of literature and culture. Read more

Media and Materiality

Words, sounds, and images move today at unprecedented speed through the world and into the everyday texture of our lives. When studying cultural production, it is essential to understand that the different material objects and technologies around us shape what we see and how we perceive and create the world. Read more

Gender and Sexuality Studies

At least since the invention of heterosexual love in the middle ages, the French and Italians have had much to say about women, feminism, masculinity, transgender, and sexuality. Graduate students interested in gender and sexuality will find an extremely vibrant intellectual home in FRIT. Read more

Transnational Studies

Popularized in the context of globalization studies, transnationalism broadly indicates cross-border relationships between individuals, groups, and institutions in “global” spaces, calling into question the norms of state-based social/cultural frameworks. Read more

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Middle East Commercial Security Market, Forecast to 2021

Integration and Regulatory Environment will Drive Market Growth
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Published: 14 Mar 2017

The commercial security market has been in the limelight for its growth across the Middle East for the past few years driven by increased investments and stringent regulatory policies. The demand for sophisticated security systems has seen an upswing, creating growth opportunities throughout the ecosystem. According to Frost & Sullivan’s latest report, the commercial security market in the Middle East is expected to expect double-digit growth by 2021. Within the product segments, video surveillance accounted for a dominant share of the total market followed by access control and intruder detection. While favorable government policies facilitate demand generation, technology is playing an important role in helping to achieve better monitoring and control functions. The security market has been evolving in line with the global IT and telecom domain trends and hence is highly dynamic. Of all the counties in this region, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) leads the market with the largest share. The fall in oil prices and rationalization of investment in infrastructure projects is expected to result in a temporary slowdown in the KSA market, but is expected to revive in the long term. The upcoming Expo 2020 and FIFA World Cup 2022 have enabled investment in large projects with sizeable trickle down to the security infrastructure. Qatar is expected to see the highest CAGR growth rate followed by the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Among the commercial security end-user sectors, hospitality is likely to experience the highest growth followed by commercial buildings. The industrial and commercial end-user sectors will hold more than 50.0% share of the total market till the end of the forecast period. Threat from cheaper competition and tight security budgets hamper prospects for commercial security suppliers. The deliverable indicates that despite multiple growth drivers, opportunities come with their own challenges of economic uncertainties, forcing revision in spending patterns. Meanwhile, competition from low-cost Chinese participants and decline in equipment prices have moderated the market revenue growth. Some of the low value commercial projects exhibit inclination towards the purchase of low-cost Chinese systems due to budget constraints. The entry of such participants into the security systems market intensifies the competition and forces the Tier I participants to join the price game. However, some of the established participants have resisted joining this trend and have instead focused on product innovation with value addition for users. The decline in price points has reduced the overall market revenue and also the profitability of these participants. During the short term, the squeeze in spending is expected to continue as users tend to conserve resources. Established brands will continue to have an upper hand when the total cost of ownership is taken as the procurement philosophy. Future outlook: The market moving towards adopting transformational technologies High-value customers in retail, healthcare, and hospitality segments have preferred using cloud-based surveillance and access control systems that provide remote management of employee credentials for multiple sites, managing building security on-the-go, and asset management. Growing awareness of the capabilities of new generation security products and solutions, combined with the need to address infrastructure safety concerns, make the commercial security market in the Middle East promising and upbeat.

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Home / Columnists/ Innovation imperative: The only way forward!

Innovation imperative: The only way forward!

Comments / {{hitsCtrl.values.hits}} Views / Thursday, 20 June 2013 00:00

Prof. Epasinghe, who is the Presidential Advisor on Science, addressing Ananda College students requested them to invent and make the country rich and united. He was addressing the school’s inventor society gathering. However, we know that a student who may win a national inventor award would not get an automatic or an easy entrance to the university but a national player in any sports has that avenue open. This should be remedied as universities should really embrace a creative person with excellent performance at a higher level with open arms. Even a national winner approaching Advanced Level examinations may just drop everything and concentrate on examinations as the competition is so severe for the public university places. This may have killed many a school boy talent. We live in a period where inventors should be nurtured and recognised. As the world gets trickier to live in, inventiveness is a trait worth inculcating. Even in our local economy with exports coming down, the spark of innovation is the way to move on. Hoping for an ad campaign to pull us through is simply wishful thinking.   New developments It is interesting to note the new and exciting developments taking place across many labs and universities. Starting locally, University of Moratuwa Researcher Prof. Rohan Munasinghe with a group of undergraduate students has just launched a UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) to university skies, taking care not to break local defence rules. The feeling as it flew upwards and around must have been terrific – a ‘kitty hawk moment’. It is a major step upwards and show what one can do with right attitude and patience with a small group of students. Expand the scope and there is so much potential. Uruguay has unveiled a glowing sheep at night – an effort of a gene transfer from fluorescence jelly fish to a sheep’s DNA. The sheep had been born last October at the Animal Reproduction Institute of Uruguay. The sheep glow when they are exposed to certain ultraviolet light, emitting a glowing green colour. The sheep are obviously genetically modified as gene transfer across species has taken place. That gene modification produced an offspring that glows in the dark. If Dolly, the first cloned animal, was only visible at daytime, the current development enables florescence sheep at night. The open question of whether the sheep turned into meat and when consumed will lead to a similar effect with UV for the happy consumer is perhaps a question – yet to be answered.   Genetics In this backdrop an International Genetics Education Network held a meeting in Sri Lanka trying to sensitise the region on educating on genetics. Will the way we treat diseases in future change? The experts there were of the opinion that indeed it is going to change. If we understand the benefits early and proceed rapidly, we may actually be pioneers in organising the healthcare system around genomics and may bear fruit in the long run. With genomics, our built-in message is learnt and then issues are sorted out in that order and the process is not then shooting in the dark. Genomics is not only for health; it can help in biofuels and plantations as well. It was interesting to note the Sri Lankan Genome Project too is underway – deciphering ourselves! Should be interesting to observe what make us tick or rather what is really preventing us from doing so.     3D printing innovations Again, a law student from Univ. of Texas had made a gun – the ‘Liberator’ – using a home 3D printing unit and had fired a bullet. With no metallic parts in the gun, standard metal detectors are useless! His files placed on the internet on how to print the gun had been downloaded 100,000 times before the files were removed. 3D printing of foods is now with us too. Both genomics and 3D printing are considered to be disruptive technologies that will shape our future and the economies too. We have to consider these emerging fields and how to factor them into our planning and thinking if we are to stay relevant. The national ST&I strategy for Sri Lanka proposed for the period 2011-2015 has the mission ‘Sri Lanka to be a leader in knowledge creation and innovation in Asia whilst rapidly harnessing that knowledge for the prosperity of our people.’ Well, plenty of action on this front would see us on course to becoming a knowledge hub. However, we must understand that the position of a knowledge hub is a position of eminence and it is not one that is just achieved with articulation only. The returns from an innovation can be many times that of an ordinary investment. That is the essence of invention and makes us rich! The process would generate knowledge which will help in achieving a national goal too.   ‘Fatal attraction’ It is important to remember and understand that technological innovations elsewhere have a suction effect on our economies. Our society is enamoured with goods and items with certain brand names and some go for the fakes to fulfil a dream turning their entire personality to be a fake. Unless you think deeply and with some sense it is difficult to remove this almost ‘fatal attraction’. Yet this ‘fatal attraction’ has reasons. Certain goods do have excellent quality and offer extra convenience; two factors of importance to a discerning consumer. In pursuit of happiness, these goods and their ownership and display will play a major role and the procurement of such could only happen with transfer of money. Hard-earned currency will thus flow outwards. Cost of luxury goods and services – and these even may be luxury food items – will drain an economy. To realise the equivalent in terms of exports, Sri Lanka at present does not have equivalent goods. Thus unchecked consumption with a poor distribution of income within an economy can suffer from serious technology suction effect. This may be hidden under the scheme of demand and supply perhaps and unless scrutinised the true extent will not be revealed too. The innovation should happen within our economy too for us to offer in return such goods and services. Meeting innovation internally with innovation elsewhere for economic growth and sustenance is perhaps the modern day equivalent of fighting fire with fire. Otherwise our economy becomes unsustainable.   Shifting markets It is instructive to hear the word that markets are shifting to Asia. In our case when markets arrive we look at buyers from within from goods transferred from places where at the moment there is a slightly a saturated demand. We dig deep into our pockets and purchase the same. However, when we view our export markets such as in textiles still the markets we seek are in EU and USA and if there is a decline in demand we suffer. It is ironic as once the IMF representative mentioned that we are not seeking markets close by. We are quite keen on targeting a person with 100 dollars rather than 100 people with one dollar each! The amount we spent on cooking up expensive advertising campaigns is outside cost considerations and is accepted as necessary tools of trade. We are not ready to sink some capital internally as innovation funds to kick start or give life to new ideas.   Connections Connections are important to innovation. Lack of communication between parties had meant very little connections in our system. When you view history the industry labs of USA such as AT&T, Bell, Paulo Alto, etc., you could see how the dynamics of innovation enable entities to grow and grow beyond perhaps beyond their wildest beliefs at times. Connections were always made or opportunities to communicate were almost always there. A visit to Xerox’s Palo Alto lab and seeing a particular device lying quite unused by the side perhaps changed the destiny of one individual – Steve Jobs. With his change the world did change too and we in this part of the world collect money to buy the next i-thing! Do not think always planning is chaotic in innovation. Not exactly. Today in these countries innovation systems have become theorised and they speak of a fifth generation innovation system. We perhaps are still thinking along the second generation innovation theory – market pull product development concept. Outdated knowledge and systems only belongs as archival items within a knowledge hub! We do not have many zealots for innovation in the Sri Lankan business system – a real pity. Business as usual and asking for concessions and subsidies gets the thumbs up most of the time – if not all the time! Gaining a competitive edge in a highly competitive world is not easy when you have to start from scratch but that is all the more reason for innovation on all fronts. We must invent and become rich rather than beg for grants, subsidies, loans and gratis! (The writer is Professor of Chemical and Process Engineering at the University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka. With an initial BSc Chemical engineering Honours degree from Moratuwa, he proceeded to the University of Cambridge for his PhD. He is also the Director of UOM-Cargills Food Process Development Incubator at University of Moratuwa. He can be reached via email on ajith@cheng.mrt.ac.lk.)

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Home / FT View/ Dealing with ragging

Dealing with ragging

Comments / {{hitsCtrl.values.hits}} Views / Wednesday, 1 August 2018 00:00

All police stations have been placed on alert to take action on complaints made by students who have been ragged. According to reports, Higher Education Minister Wijeyadasa Rajapakshe has already instructed the University Grants Commission (UGC), Vice Chancellors and other officials to encourage students to cooperate with law enforcement officials to press charges against offenders and work to reduce ragging within universities.

Incidents of ragging are frequently reported but even though the maximum penalty carries 10 years of rigorous imprisonment, ragging has remained a significant problem within local universities. Last year 15 Peradeniya University students were arrested for ragging while in 2016, 10 Kelaniya undergraduates were arrested after they forced a female first-year student to remove the jeans she was wearing and later slapped her. Both instances garnered much publicity but a comprehensive effort to stamp out ragging at local universities had failed to materialise. As with other forms of illegal and reprehensible behaviour, actual convictions that happen consistently would be the best deterrent.

Sri Lanka in 1998 passed the Prohibition of Ragging and Other Forms of Violence in Educational Institutions Act, which carries hefty prison sentences, yet the country’s image remains tainted, with several world publications claiming that Sri Lankans practice the worst forms of ragging. It would be impossible for the Government to reform the high education sector unless they tackle the issue of ragging and root it out of the system.

Statistics show 15 students have died, two have committed suicide, 25 have been disabled, six sexually abused and more than 6,000 students have left universities, all because of ragging by seniors and the failure of university and State authorities to take effective countermeasures or implement the law strictly.

Having first rejected ragging, the Inter-University Students’ Federation (IUSF) has defended it as a ‘sub-culture’, which is a gross and wholly inadequate reason to allow its continuance. Union activities, which are at their strongest in hostels, create the environment for ragging victims to suffer in silence. Students are also used to promote political ends and unfairly manipulated to disrupt the functions of universities. If organisations such as the IUSF want to be seen as genuine representatives of students, then they need to ban this horrific practice immediately.

Unions and academics have the responsibility to implement safeguards against the heinous practice. Officials of student unions need to educate their members on the physical and psychological negatives of ragging. Union members can report fellow students engaged in ragging and protect hostellers, who are often the worst-affected. Any student caught ragging should be immediately kicked out of the university and should face criminal charges. Such tough measures to empower students are the only way to give victims the confidence to come forward.

Cooperating with authorities to punish offenders and eventually clean the university system of ragging will gain student unions and other stakeholders significant public approval and even increase the masses’ empathy on other issues that they campaign on such as adequate funding of State universities. If more students complained to Police and officials implement the law then Sri Lanka might finally see the end of a practice that has nothing to recommend it.

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1. All comments will be moderated by the Daily FT Web Editor.

2. Comments that are abusive, obscene, incendiary, defamatory or irrelevant will not be published.

3. We may remove hyperlinks within comments.

4. Kindly use a genuine email ID and provide your name.

5. Spamming the comments section under different user names may result in being blacklisted.

Today's Columnists

STEAMing STEM – Moving from horoscopes to telescopes!

Thursday, 20 September 2018

Walking into an inventors’ exhibition should give one an experience similar to an immersion into the future. The world change with inventions and inventors lead the change. The creativity displayed is an indicator of the creativity of the society f

There is smoke in the eyes of those who do not want to see!

Thursday, 20 September 2018

Shyamon Jayasinghe, a former citizen of Sri Lanka, now living in Victoria, Australia, writing to Daily FT in a Guest Column article has given an old college try at the President of Sri Lanka by announcing about a cloaked portentous writing on the wal

Modi celebrates birthday whilst making India strong – Lesson for SL

Thursday, 20 September 2018

The Indian Prime Minister celebrated his birthday earlier this week in the backdrop of India growing at a blistering performance of 7.1%. The January-March quarter saw the highest GDP growth in the last seven quarters with India becoming the sixth la

Maximum Residue Level: Dilemma of agricultural product exporters in Sri Lanka

Wednesday, 19 September 2018

Due to increased emphasis on consumer health, majority of developed countries such as EU, Japan and the US insist on MRL testing of food items which has to be done by the exporter. The Codex Alimentarius Commission which is an inter-governmental bod

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Robert Paul Wolff is an unlikely figure to emerge as a public intellectual in the internet age. In his thirties, he left Columbia and the world of the Upper West Side intellectual with his wife to raise their children in the academic wilderness of the University of Massachusetts. He kept writing influential books and devoting himself to his students, however, and as his blog demonstrates, he has emerged as one of the more interesting commentators on philosophy, politics, public life, and education. As Wolff notes, in politics he is an anarchist, in religion he is an atheist, and in economics he is a Marxist. He is also a husband, a father, a grandfather, and a violist. To this we could add that Professor Wolff is one of the better storytellers that we’ve encountered.

Wolff spoke with Philosophy of Education PhD students Timothy Ignaffo and Michael Schapira from his home in North Carolina about the CIA, the golden age of American academia, career doubts, putting family first, and Newt Gingrich’s dissertation.

Ignaffo: We had a chance to meet when you spoke at the Philosophy in Schools conference at Columbia last year, but I also wanted to mention — I did not know this at the time — that one of your former students spoke at one of the afternoon sessions, after you left.

Wolff: If you can tell me exactly what year she was a student of mine, I can open a file and tell you exactly what happened with each paper she wrote.

Ignaffo: Really?

I have records on every student I have ever taught, going back to 1955.

Schapira: Unbelievable. Have you ever been approached by the CIA as someone with important information?

No, but there was a certain point during my graduate student days when I was uncertain I wanted to go on into a career of academic philosophy, and so I actually interviewed with the CIA — a very strange interview. In the end they decided my eyes weren’t good enough. If they had been just a little better they could get me a Reserve Officers appointment, and then I wouldn’t have had to go into the army. So actually, after I got my PhD I did go into the army, but I’ll never forget that interview, it was so strange. The interview took place in an office in an empty building in downtown Boston, with a guy behind the desk — and I always had the feeling that as I walked out of the office, if I had suddenly and abruptly turned around I would have found that he would not have been there.

Schapira: Like the Spanish prisoner.

Exactly. He would have evaporated.

Ignaffo: Do you ever think about how different your life would have been if you had succeeded in joining the CIA?

God, I have no idea. You have to understand that this was a very interesting time. I was a logic student and this was just the time when the very beginning of computers was coming along. Those that had training in logic were thought to be — and correctly so — candidates for developing computers, as the program for computers was essentially based on mathematical logic. So I was casting about, uncertain of what I wanted to do. The CIA was another wild idea and nothing came of that either. Eventually I finished my dissertation and went into the army for six months, came out, started teaching, and have taught now for fifty years.

Ignaffo: So you did have doubts in graduate school?

Absolutely. I went through a period of uncertainty. I started out as a mathematical logic student, and by the time I was 18 years old I had taken all the graduate math logic taught at Harvard. Then in my senior year I undertook a senior honors thesis on a monograph written by the great logician Alfred Tarski. I worked and worked until I completely understood it. So I went to see my tutor, who was a very brilliant but rather strange and distant man, Hao Wang, and I said, “Well, sir, since I have done Tarski’s monograph, what can I do for a thesis?” And looking in the right-hand corner of the ceiling and not actually meeting my eyes, he said, “Put it through an axiomatization.”

So I went to my room at Harvard and I thought to myself, Okay, put it through an axiomatization. What on earth does that mean? And I was too embarrassed to go back and say, “Excuse me, sir, I don’t have the foggiest idea what you are talking about.” So I kind of stewed for a month or so until I got panicky because I was going through Harvard in three years, which meant that I needed every course in order to graduate. In a panic I went to go see the one sane person in the department, Morton White. He was a very nice man and said, “Well, you just took a course on recent analytic philosophy with me, didn’t you?” I said, “Yes, sir.” And he said, “We read this new book by Gilbert Ryle, right? Why don’t you go write on Ryle?” So I said, “Yes, sir.” And went home and banged out 55 pages on Ryle and got my degree and got out.

I had been studying ferociously for three years, and in my fourth year I was taking my Masters Degree and preparing for comprehensive exams to pursue a PhD. At this point I had taken just about every course in the department, was chewing through secondary philosophical work preparing, and I began to have doubts. I even remember (and I am still a little embarrassed to admit this, but whatever) I read The Fountain Head and I also read Moby Dick — to give you an idea of range of what I was reaching for.

Luckily at that point I got the Sheldon Traveling [Fellowship] — Harvard had these things — which gave you $24,000 to go and wander around for a year. And so I did . . . I went to Oxford, which I hated. The more English they got, the more American I got. I knew Oxford wasn’t for me. Instead I spent my time doing folk dancing, playing bridge, and reading. Finally, I bought a tiny motorcycle and took off for Rome and wandered around Europe for the remainder of the year. When I finally got home, I recharged my batteries, wrote my dissertation, and was out. I had doubts about being an academic, absolutely, but never about teaching. For me, teaching was always the thing I loved.

Schapira: How were you able to manage your doubts throughout your career?

You have to understand, I was enormously lucky. I just happened to have a career during a time that will be remembered as the golden age for the American academy. Higher education was expanding exponentially; there was an explosion of colleges throughout the United States. There was a point in the ’60s when graduate students were being offered tenure-track jobs before they even passed their certification exams, before they were ABD. Thanks to Sputnik, money was being poured into the universities. It came to be the case that a publisher couldn’t lose money because there would be enough sales from the increasing number of university libraries that at the very least publishers could break even.

Naturally, we thought we were all brilliant — that we were geniuses, that this great success was a consequence of our innate quality. Of course, this was merely a consequence of a very good market situation. It wasn’t until the late ’80s that things started to turn sour. A lot of people went into an academic career because the alternative was Vietnam. Well, by the ’90s it became obvious that these people were not going to start to retire, and a lot of professors made all these extremely rosy predictions that as these people who had flooded to the universities in the ’60s and ’70s began to retire, new jobs would open up and the enormous number of new cohorts of fresh PhDs would step in. Of course, it didn’t work out that way. Instead, universities cut back on the humanities and started to use contract employees who got paid by the course, without tenure and without fringe benefits or health care. They closed down departments around the nation, consolidated language departments, and things got bad.

But for me, tenure remained. I was lucky. During my near 50-year career — I got tenure in 1964 at the age of 30 — I had tenure. God knows if many people are going to have a career like that in the future, probably not many. But during the time I was an academic lots of people had careers like that. It was an accident of the post-war economy, the GI Bill, and the economy. It had nothing to do with our own brilliance, but it was a great time to be an academic.

Ignaffo: On your blog you write about this a lot, and you are one of the few people willing to speak out on the systemic changes to the university, about whose prospects you are very honest. What advice do you give to graduate students, or students interested in pursuing graduate degrees?

It is extremely important for graduate students to have a demonstrable teaching record. Allow me to impart a lesson from my own career. The fundamental rule is that when you’re looking for a job, remember you can learn anything between March and September. If they ask you whether you want to teach something that you don’t know anything about, have never studied, and have no interest in, the proper answer is, Oh yeah, I always wanted to teach that, but I’ve never had the chance and I would just love to. And then you go back to your room and you spend four of five months cramming this stuff into you. I mean, I got my first job teaching history, and my last history course had been in high school, so I sat down and I read 20,000 pages of European history. I just started with the Greeks and read right up to Napoleon. And I stayed 100 years ahead of the students, so it all worked out.

Schapira: That’s funny, I had a similar experience recently as a TA for a history course at Barnard. I was always terrified of being exposed for not having taken a history course for a good ten years. But you’re right, as long as you stay a few years ahead you’ll be fine.

As a professor, I feel like I have spent my entire career doing a high-wire act without a net. I think this is a universal experience. I remember trying to explain this to one of my graduate students at Columbia, a guy named Andrew Levine. Of course this was back in the ’60s, and Andrew was very talented and went on to have a very distinguished career, but at the time he had just started teaching his first section and I was trying to give him advice. He said to me, “I’m not going do it like that: the ‘professor’ and the ‘student.’ We’re all going to sit in a circle on the floor and call each other by our first names and we will all be teachers and all be students.” And I said, “Andy, that sounds great, and you can do anything you want, but these students are not stupid and they know that at the end of the semester only one of you is getting paid, and they also know that the person getting paid is the same person putting in a grade.” He said, “No, no, no, it’s not going to be like that at all!”

Of course he came back to me after it didn’t work, very disappointed. I said, “Andy, you are the professor, and there’s nothing you can do about it. So look on the bright side: since you’re a professor, you can get away with anything. I mean, if somebody asks you a question and you don’t know the answer, you say, ‘Why, that’s an extremely interesting question!’ and then you tell them you would like all of them to go home and see whether they can find the answer and we’ll talk about it next time.”

Ignaffo: You have a lot of stories in your autobiography about being a family man in academia. I think you have one story where you actually had your infant son in a carrier while you were teaching a Philosophy of Education class at Columbia during the student protests. You write that you later found out that the students had planned to “seize” the class, but decided against it because of the presence of your son.

Yes, he was on my shoulder! But they were really nice kids and knew not to make trouble for a man with a baby on his shoulder.

Ignaffo: Years ago, being a professor seemed to be a career, rather than an all-encompassing way of life, which allowed you to do things like commit yourself to raising a family. I wonder if the current tension between academic and personal priorities has become emblematic of just how much the university has changed; the job has changed.

Absolutely. And let me say — first of all — that being a father and a husband is the most important thing in my life, far more important than being a professor. And I was lucky: as a professor I was never confronted with the necessity of choosing, though my wife faced pressures. However, had I been confronted with that necessity, there is no question I would have chosen being a father and a husband, and I would have done so without hesitation.

It was really a golden age for American higher education at that time, but I can speak to this issue based on my own kind of funny experience. I had tenure at Columbia by thirty and left at thirty-seven. So I was still young, but publishing a great deal and very rapidly getting a reputation. And of course this was New York, a big media market, so I got a couple television appearances and started reviewing for the New York Times Book Review section and was getting speaking invitations around the country — I thought I was hot stuff. But I was also aware that I was living in this god-awful slum apartment that Columbia had given me for next to no money, and I just felt it was a terrible environment to raise a kid. So I had a choice: I was well aware of the fact that if I stayed at Columbia I could become a recognized New York public intellectual. You know, the sort of person who later on would be asked to appear on TV shows, who would be asked to speak around the world, etc., etc. You know how it is. And this was a very attractive possibility — I mean, there’s this world of Upper West Side public intellectuals for whom that public role is a large part of their persona. So I thought a lot about this, and a part of me really wanted to reach for it, but it would mean consigning my family — my children — to what I thought was an inadequate childhood. So I decided I wanted to leave.

Ignaffo: And the risk was that if you left you would not have a career, or the same kind of career, as a public intellectual.

Exactly. And it wasn’t just a risk, it was a reality. So my wife — who was also an academic — and I looked at the University of Massachusetts because it was expanding very rapidly, and Western Massachusetts was a beautiful place to raise children. Now, at the time, the University of Massachusetts was a big, sloppy, second-rate, underfunded university. But I thought to myself, “Now I’m at Columbia, and when people hear that I’m at Columbia they think ‘Wow! Wolff must be pretty good if he’s at Columbia.’ But if I go to UMass people are going to say, ‘Wow! UMass must be pretty good, they get professors from Columbia.’” And I thought that was rather nice. Of course, I later found out UMass didn’t even want me, I was their third choice! But at the time they were expanding so fast that the Dean said, “take all three!”

So I was lucky, but not received in the way I thought I would be, because the other two hires ended up going elsewhere. I was a letdown for much of the faculty. But anyway, we did what the English call “rusticating.” We left the very center of the world, which was New York City, and with it the possibility of the life of a big shot public intellectual behind, but never regretted it. My kids had a wonderful time growing up there.

Schapira: Were there any downsides to the move?

Well, as you know from my autobiography I had a rather difficult time at the UMass philosophy department. And when I left Columbia, of course I had this fear, and it was a founded one, that there was a very distinct possibility that people would forget about me. And of course, that fear was realized — they did forget about me. I stopped getting invitations to speak or invitations to go to conferences, and I worried that nobody would know whether I was alive or dead.

So that happened, and you know what? It wasn’t so bad. I never stopped writing, and my books kept selling, so there was some evidence that people were reading what I was writing. And I had the good sense not to go to the philosophical meetings; I stopped reading the philosophy journals since they bored me silly. So I just kept teaching — and writing, though I absolutely loved teaching. More importantly, I got to spend a lot of time at home, a lot of time with my kids. I mean, if they if they had to go to a doctor or a dentist, I was the one that took them. For three years I was the Cub Scout Master of the Cub Scout pack in Northampton. I taught them how to ride bicycles, I played with them. I led the life of a teacher, a father, and a writer, and it was a lovely life and I never regretted walking away from Columbia. And that seemed to me a much better life then the life of a New York public intellectual. So in a certain sense, I made that choice. Now, it was a much easier choice — I mean, I went from tenure to tenure.

Ignaffo: One reason that you might have so many readers is that the anecdotes are really great. The 50th anniversary at Harvard is one of my favorites, the “money stinks” episode.  Could you retell that story?

Well, what happened was I was invited to come back to the 50th anniversary celebration of the Social Studies program, and I was very delighted, especially since it gave me a chance to see a couple of old friends. All of a sudden this Martin Peretz affair exploded and I was quite torn about whether I wanted to go at all. I finally decided to go, but I was ambivalent about whether to address the controversy or not, and at the last moment I decided that I was going to say something about it, and so I did. One of the things that’s odd about me is that I seem to remember a lot of things randomly. Immediately I thought about that wonderful passage in Das Kapital, the story about the Emperor’s son. The Roman state raised money by taxing public urinals. One day, the Emperor sent his son to collect the taxes, and his son was offended by the task; so when he returned he flung the money at his father’s feet. Vespasian looked down and said “Pecunia non olet.” Or something like, “it’s not the money that stinks.” And so I constructed a little speech around that, but ended by reminding everyone that in this case, it is the money that stinks. I didn’t speak from notes but I knew exactly what I wanted to say.

The response was extremely interesting. E.J. Dionne was a Social Studies graduate and he was part of one of the panels. I met him at the hotel where most of us were staying and he said, “Oh, it’s a great honor to meet you,” which was very flattering — when people made a great fuss over me. But then it turned out that he was one of the people behind the plan to honor Peretz and I was appalled. I began to have again the feeling that I’ve had so often about Harvard — and I’ve had a very checkered relationship with Harvard — that it is a collection of some medieval barons, each one of whom walks through the world and is followed by a cloud of assistant professors docking and touching their forelocks and saying “yes sir” or “no sir.” It’s a funny place; people don’t interact with one another, as I remark at some point in my autobiography. It’s as though they have only gotten as far as the stage that child psychologists call parallel play in little children, where they do their thing next to each other, but they don’t really interact. And moreover, everybody is a very important person and it’s extremely, centrally important, that each person’s importance be acknowledged by everybody else, in return for which they will acknowledge your importance, and after about two or three or four hours of this I really began to get this queasy feeling in my stomach.

Schapira: One of the more popular pieces on the blog, I think, was your piece about Newt Gingrich’s dissertation, where you actually took the time to read it.

Yeah, and believe it or not that got more comments than anything else I’ve ever done.

Ignaffo: Well, you are one of the few men living that has actually read that thing cover to cover, right?

Schapira: What was interesting is that it struck me as sort of a public service that someone in your position could provide — as an active public intellectual, but also as a citizen-journalist. Did you see it as a public service?

Brian Leiter actually said on his blog that I basically took a bullet for the rest of us.  But I have to say, all kidding aside, that I didn’t think of myself as performing an enormous public service. I just thought it would be a blast, and when it turned out I could actually access it online without any difficulty, I just muscled through it.

Schapira: You were at Columbia in ‘68, and wrote The Ideal of the University as sort of a reaction to what happened.  There has been a recent uptick again in activism at Columbia and elsewhere, for example in California, Chile, and London. Have you been following this closely? And have you been able to draw any significant connections or differences between the current student movements and those you witness in ‘68?

Well, I’ve been following the Occupy Movement more than these other things. I have great hopes for the Occupy Movement. On the one hand, I have seen and written some very pessimistic pieces about the future of socialism and so forth, based on my analysis of the structure of what we used to call late capitalism, back when we were still optimistic. On the other hand I’m a perennial optimist, so I have been astonished by the speed at which the public conversation in the United States has been changed by the Occupy Movement, which when you think about it, really involved a very small fraction of the American population. Yet it somehow caught everyone’s attention and turned the national discourse. It doesn’t translate into a political program, but I think that’s the right approach. The problems that they’re talking about and pointing to are so structurally embedded in the American economy that no political program will pass at the level of legislation.

So I don’t know where it’s going to go, and at the age of 78 I don’t know whether I’m going to be around if and when anything really changes. But I’ve been encouraged by it. You have to remember that the events in ‘68 were fundamentally triggered by the fact that young men in college campuses were subject to the draft. And the army knew exactly what it was doing. The army almost got destroyed by the Vietnam War, and so they quite correctly and intelligently recognized that the only way they could survive was to substitute a professional army for a citizen army, and that’s what they did. As a consequence, America now can fight wars in which large numbers of Americans get killed without that having any very profound impact on American politics. Now the present job crisis is beginning to trigger the same sorts of reactions — as the economy improves, some of the pressure will be relieved. And of course, among college-educated people the unemployment rate is something like four and a half percent. Remember that only 30% of American adults 23 and over have a college degree; so there is a real fundamental divide which expresses itself in employment rates and lifetime earnings and all sorts of other ways. But what the long-term consequence will be of a revival in student protests, I don’t know. I can keep my fingers crossed, but it’s a little hard to judge.

Ignaffo: Where would you like it to go?

Oh dear . . . well, I don’t think anything resembling what I would call socialism is in the future. But I do think it’s possible to return to something more like social democracy — a less unequal distribution of wealth and income, as well as a more robust collection of public programs and discourse. In Paris they allocate their money in totally different ways, with the consequence that the public space feels very different. They allocate much more to the public life of the community. I mean people in Paris live in very small apartments, but when they go outdoors on every corner there’s a café that’s actually pleasant to sit in, the streets are fun to walk around in. There are more public festivals. This is a typical European thing to do and I can’t imagine it happening here. My wife and I very often remark that even though we live in a place that is designed to be a kind of village community with shops, cafes, restaurants on the first floor of the building that the condos are in, and so forth, there’s no place you can go to just sit in a café and have a glass of wine outdoors and watch the world go by. It is just not the same, and results from a series of choices about public spaces. Now, I don’t want to overly romanticize France, as they have stifled their immigrant population. But one of the fascinating differences is that in American cities, the inner city is the ghetto and everybody’s moved out into the suburbs. In Paris, the inner city is the place to be because the public life is in the inner city, even though the apartments are so small. It’s rich and rewarding, and the immigrant population — the underclass — has been shoved out into great big ugly apartment buildings on the periphery of Paris.

I would like to see us develop public life in a way that would be quintessentially American, not a copy of some other country. I would like ours to come out of a vision of society in which people think of themselves as bound together and responsible for one another in sharing a public life. Now, everything in this country has been going in the opposite direction for the last 30 years, so it’s not something you can do overnight — and whether it can happen at all, I genuinely don’t know.

Ignaffo: Speaking of public space, I think this is a nice segue to return to the subject of universities. You’ve written about “the ideal of the university” and you’ve also written about the current and negative trends in higher education, such as tuition going up and funding getting gutted. Now we finally see a movement of students organizing openly, resisting these trends. In a way, I think that almost enacts what universities could be — the fact that people are finally organizing and focusing a discourse on these issues and on the responsibilities and expectations of public education. I was wondering if you wanted to respond to this trend?

I quite agree. You know, in the old days when students first started occupying buildings, I was always amused by the hysterical reaction from the administration. And I said, “Look, they’re occupying the administration building. What that says is they think it’s the most important space on the campus. What you have to worry about is not when they occupy you, but when they turn around and walk away and are no longer interested in you. Because when that happens, you cease to exist.” And that’s true of all public institutions. So as long as students treat the university space as their space and contest, abuse, occupy the space; and demand that it serves their interests, it means they are at least still invested in the university, and that’s a good thing. It’s not a problem when people attempt to occupy their university, it becomes a problem when they just quietly walk away and say “the hell with it.”

Schapira: I have one last question. You’ve said writing comes easily to you and you’ve written on a wide range of topics, really taking full advantage of the blog medium to continue to do so. We’ve had professors here tell graduate students that the movement online and the proliferation of blogging, all of it, it’s all simply a distraction and even a hindrance to our studies as graduate students. But it sounds like your experience demonstrates the opposite case, where it seems to help you to focus your thoughts, to organize communities of mutual interest.

Well, for me it’s been extremely positive, literally — that is to say, people now know that I’m still alive. You know, it was a big deal, historically, when movable type came along. And I am old enough to remember when the first Xerox machines became popular. And now nobody bothers to really even send letters, because they can connect with people all over the world instantaneously with just a few clicks. I view that sort of thing as completely positive, historically. Now, there are a lot of threats, a lot of silliness, and a lot of banality. But you know what? There have always been a lot of threats, and silliness, and banality. People tend to forget that along with the great music of Mozart, there was a lot of schlock being written. We forget about it because we don’t listen to it anymore. I think what really interests me politically about the internet is that it turns out if you read the Daily Kos or something like that, that in a country of 330 million people, there are a huge number of people capable of writing an interesting, informed, intelligent discussion on some topic or other and they were simply drowned out by a monopoly of the talking heads on television and radio. Now they have a voice, and it’s a welcome change, because many of the things that are said by thousands, if not hundreds of thousands of people on the internet are as fully informed and fully intelligent as the things said by the handful of people who happen to be commentators on Fox News or CNN or MSNBC. I find this new reality very comfortingg and very liberating, and the result is, I think, a tremendous enrichment of what’s available.

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History of Casinos

The history of casinos cannot be dated to an exact year, as centuries ago, many casinos were operated illegally, therefore lack proper documentation. However, we can confirm a few interesting facts regarding the history of casinos.

The term "casino" is derived from the Italian word meaning "little house", whence came the popular terms 'playing against the house' and 'house edge'.

Now one of the highest revenue-yielding industries in the entire world, the first documented, legal casino was opened in 1765 in Baden, Switzerland.

The Palais Royal Casino in Paris, France was the focus of numerous gambling related novels, including the famous “La Roulette, ou le Jour", written by Jaques Lablee in 1796 and published in 1801, Lablee's book is an important piece of casino history as it described the very first Roulette game played as it is in its current form, using the roulette Wheel and Table with numbers 1-36, 0 and 00.

The first casinos opened in America were known as “saloons”. Saloons were predominantly founded in four major cities - New Orleans, Chicago, St. Louis and San Francisco. A hub for travelers, the saloons in these cities - complete with gambling, drinking and invariable conversation - were phenomenally successful establishments.

Gambling was deemed illegal across much of the United States in the early 20th century, which put a heavy damper on the pastime of many residents and travelers. However, when Nevada chose to make gambling legal once again in the 1930's, the development of the largest gambling mecca in the world began - Las Vegas.

Bugsy Seigel, a notorious gangster in those days, came down from New York and began opening casinos in Las Vegas. The success was immediate and has continued on a steady incline over the decades. The El Rancho Vegas Hotel-Casino was built in 1941, becoming the first casino established on what is today the 'Vegas Strip'.

As the years went by and technology grew, the history of casinos took a whole new turn. With the introduction of the Internet came the inevitable creation of online casinos. In 1994, the first online casinos and sportsbooks began to appear on the world wide web.

Today, there are more than 2,000 online casinos, sportsbooks and poker rooms, making up the second highest revenue-yeilding industry on the Internet, generating more than $12 billion per year.


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Massive Entertainment Announces Tom Clancy’s The Division 2

Massive Entertainment today announced that they are working on Tom Clancy’s The Division 2, and that development will be led by Massive Entertainment in collaboration with Ubisoft Reflections, Red Storm Entertainment, Ubisoft Annecy, Ubisoft Shanghai and Ubisoft Bucharest. The Division 2 will be powered by an updated version of the Snowdrop engine, with more details to be revealed at E3 2018 in June.

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PSN members get 10% PS Store discount, PS Plus extension this weekend

psn-logo-largeTo make up for that little Lizard Squad-induced PlayStation Network service outage around the holidays, Sony is giving all PSN members 10% off on whatever they purchase via the PlayStation Store from this upcoming Friday 1/23 through Monday 1/26 at 9am.

With only a few exceptions on subscriptions and video rentals, the 10% promotion can be used on your entire PlayStation Store cart including game pre-orders [Sony apparently misspoke[. Items can be purchased via a console or the web and mobile stores, so there’s no real excuse not to use your discount.

Sony also has started to roll out the 5 day PlayStation Plus extension for those who were PS Plus members during the downtime.

Head on over to the official PS Blog for the official details.


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J.K. Lasser's Small Business Taxes 2008

J.K. Lasser's Small Business Taxes 2008

4.11 - 1251 ratings - Source

J.K. Lasseras Small Business Taxes 2008 gives you a complete overview of small business tax planning in an accessible manner. Focusing on strategies that help you use deductions and tax credits effectively, shield business income, and maximize other aspects of small business taxes, this valuable guide will show you how your actions in business today can affect your bottom line from a tax perspective tomorrow.As part of the Energy Tax Incentives Act of 2005, there is a tax credit of up to $3, 400 for buying hybrid and certain other ... For a complete list of vehicles that qualify for the credit and their credit amount, go to www.irs.gov/newsroom/ article/ 0, , id=157557, 00.html. To claim the credit, the original use of the vehicle must begin with you; the credit does not apply to pre-owned ... For example, the 60, 000 th vehicle limit was reached in June 2006 by Toyota/Lexus, so the credit was reduced to 50anbsp;...

Title:J.K. Lasser's Small Business Taxes 2008
Author: Barbara Weltman
Publisher:John Wiley & Sons - 2008-02-25

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Monday, July 7, 2014

Talking Hot! Hot! Hot!

Summer operations are in full effect.

My airline prefers flight crews to utilize PCA (preconditioned air) and GPU (Ground Power Units) while at the gate to reduce fuel consumption. PCA and GPU hoses are connected from the jetbridge to the aircraft. Most of the time the air coming out of the PCA hose is nice and cold and the power coming from the GPU is nice and clean. Most of the time.

There are a few gates that are notoriously shooting out bad air and power. We complain, they "get fixed"...and we complain more.

Last week I arrived about an hour early to the aircraft. The outside temp was 31 degrees Celsius. When I walked in the boarding door I was hit with a wall of hot air. After opening the flight deck door I looked at he environmental screen to see the cabin was 38 degrees Celsius and the flight deck was 39 degrees Celsius. The PCA was attached but not blowing out cool air.

After going through the bare minimum required by my airline for checking the flight deck before starting the APU, I fired it up. Once the APU stabilized I turned on both "packs". The term "packs" are aviation slang for the ACMs...which are Air Cycle Machines....which are more or less air conditioners.

I called operations to have the PCA disconnected as it wasn't helping. The reason the interior was warmer than the exterior was due to a confined metal tube. The flight deck was warmer due to all the avionics, screens and windows.

The cool air felt great. It took a solid 30 minutes to cool the cabin to a tolerable 26 degrees. If I had waited until 35 minutes prior to departure (normal time for arriving at the aircraft) the flight would have been delayed as it would have been too warm for boarding. The cabin must be fairly cool before boarding as loading up 50 warm bodies into a confined space raises the temperature quickly.

Besides warm cabins I also have to consider aircraft performance. Jet engines don't perform as well when it's hot. Takeoff distances are longer, climb rates are slower and even the landing distance must be looked at carefully. Landing distance you ask? Let me explain.

My little RJ operates in and out of mostly smaller airports. Smaller airports have shorter runways. Shorter runways mean more brake usage. More brake usage means hotter brakes. Hot brakes are a no go.

Before each takeoff I verify the brake temperatures are in the safe range. They must be in this range to ensure we can have an aborted takeoff and stop safely as well as making sure they won't catch on fire.

Last week I landed on a runway that was just 6000 feet long. The outside temp was 33 degrees. To avoid overheating the brakes I relied heavily on the thrust reversers to slow the aircraft versus the brakes. On most landings I don't use thrust reverse as the brakes do just fine.

Even with the thrust reversers the brakes got a little too warm. While parked at the gate we had the PCA hoses placed near the brakes to help cool them down.

Summer has just begun.

  1. Thanks, 'Geek.' Hilarious, but then not. I did not realize that your line had max (and probably min) temps for boarding operations and yes, much appreciated. I don't mind some early cold in season, but a parked airplane at ~110F interior is not fun. Ground power, carts or direct connect are viable options before firing up the APU, but... what do you do if there are no ground options and your APU is TU (aka, MEL'd)? Internal temps of >110F are not rare a tube that sits for a while, so what DO you do? No airline wants to cancel any flight, but loading at 110F is not smart. What ARE the real options? Thanks. -C.
    P.S. For the pilots, this situation must be about equal with having to deice and anti-ice a Second Time before leaving some cold winter stations. Again, what ARE your options?

  2. Another hot day and no left pack! That means no air conditioning for the flight deck. More later.

If you are a spammer....your post will never show up. Move along.


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Saturday, June 25, 2016

Two legger

I've had a lot of vacation recently. I spent a week in Paris at the start of the month and spent a week at home this week.

The day after my vacation ended I had 4 days of reserve. I am getting more senior (15 below me!) and was able to get an easy 4 day trip. I just had to commute to base.

Normally travelling on weekends is easy. The weekday flights are full of business travelers. Well with the booming travel industry today was hard.

I didn't have to report to my base until 3:50 PM. In order to get there I had to leave my house at 7:30 AM.

My first commute attempt via a direct flight was a bust due to a mainline jump seater. The next flight was a bust due to a coworker getting the jump seat (jump seat procedures vary by airline....thus is complex). At this point it was 10:05 AM. I had a back up two leg commute which I didn't want to take....but it was my only viable option.

As luck would have it the two leg option left just a few gates down. It seems several non-revs were using this route as the standby list was quite long. I was given an exit row seat along with several other crew members.

Up and away we went. Quick 90 minute flight.

Leg two was leaving at the gate next to my arrival gate. The flight originally had 35 open seats. It was down to 13 as revenue passengers were being routed through here as well. I was number 14 on the list.

The last seat left was the most upright, thinly padded seat on the airplane...the flight deck jump seat. It happened to be on the same aircraft I currently fly.

I settled in and was thankful it was just an hour and ten minute flight.

Once in I had lunch and took a moment to type this up.

The trip is a 1-2-2-1. It was originally 3-2-2-1 but another pilot sliced the first two legs off and flew them as overtime.

Speaking of overtime I made an effective $222 an hour this week.

On one of my vacation days I picked up 7 hours and 30 minutes worth of flying. It was a little nutty as I left home at 5:20 AM, commuted up on a 6:50 AM flight, flew 3 legs, deadheaded back to base, then commuted home on a 10:30 PM flight. I pulled into my garage at 12:45 AM. It will be great when I am paid for it. I made as much in one day as I used to get in 15 days as a First Officer.

Time to go be a Captain.

Thursday, June 16, 2016

Still a baby Captain

Two months later and I'm still a baby Captain.

I did use some of my new Captain money to take my family to Paris. That was my kiddos 3rd time to Europe...and she's only 5.

As far as being a Captain it's about what I thought it would be. The worst part is dealing with being a low seniority pilot commuting to reserve. Commuting kills quality of life...add in reserve and it's that much worse. Thankfully I knew this going in and will only be commuting until mid-August at worst.

Right now I'm sitting in an airport in Ohio waiting for an aircraft to be fixed. Once it's fixed I have to do a functional flight check to make sure it's really fixed (it was grounded for stiff ailerons). Once it's fixed I am supposed to fly it back to my base.

The flight was originally supposed to leave at 8PM....then 9PM....right now it's 9:30 PM but the mechanic stated the aircraft won't be ready until 10PM. Yeah...Left hand and Right hand aren't in agreement.

I think in reality the aircraft will be ready at 10:30 PM. We will do a functional flight check around 11PM....return by 11:30PM. If it passes the aircraft will be fueled up and maybe signed off around midnight. At best I will get to a hotel room by 1AM. The only solace will be I will be illegal for reserve there's that.


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Tuesday, July 16, 2013

Crappy picures, amazing dessert

Whew, yesterday was a Monday for sure. Recently my Mondays have been pretty relaxing: I have a 3-11 clinical, so I spend my mornings at the gym, Starbucks, and occasionally a little shopping here and there until it's time for me to leave. Well yesterday, not only did I forget a clean bra to put on after the gym (ew), I dropped my phone as I was headed in to Starbucks and shattered the screen. Even though I got a super cool new phone out of it, I really didn't want to have to spend the money. Okay, done venting.

My most favorite desserts in the summertime are cobblers. Preferably with freshly picked fruit. My Mamateen (great grandmother) was known for her baking skills. She actually baked all of the desserts for my parents restaurant and they were such a huge hit, they were frequently requested for caterings or bought whole. Some of my favorites were her carrot cake (I even requested one for my birthday), apple tarts, and peach cobbler.
I didn't have any fresh peaches around, buy Derek's mom had recently picked a million some blueberries. Let me start off by telling you that cobbler is literally the easiest dessert in the world to make. And also easily one of the best and most popular/most yummy.
What you'll need:
1 c. flour
1 c. sugar
1/2 c. butter (melted)
fruit of choice
milk (optional)
The rule of thumb is to use equal parts flour and sugar, and enough butter to make it form a dough. I added some milk so I didn't have to use so much butter, but it isn't a necessary step. Some people will tell you that you need baking powder or eggs or some other things, but really cobbler is best left simple.
Step 1: After pre-heating your oven to 350 (I always forget this step), combine flour and sugar. Add melted butter and mix well until it forms a dough like consistency. It's okay for the mixture to be a little crumbly. You don't want it to be liquid, like cake batter. If you mess up, it's okay. Just add more flour + sugar until it's right.
Step 2: Spray a glass baking pan with non-stick cooking spray (or use a paper towel to smear melted butter on it). Add your fruit. As a rule, I generally use about the same amount of fruit as I do flour/sugar combined (so for this recipe, use two cups of fruit). If you want to line your pan with some dough to make a crust, that's fine, but it isn't necessary. After adding the fruit, add the dough mixture on top.
Step 3: Bake on center rack for approximately 45 minutes or until edges of dough begin to brown. Try to avoid eating the whole pan of deliciousness right away, to prevent burning your tongue.
A lot of people like eating their cobbler with ice-cream, but we didn't have any around, so I just enjoyed the gooey deliciousness all by it's lonesome and it was just fine.
Now, go impress your friends and family with this amazingly delicious and easy dessert. Or just make some and eat it all yourself, like I did. I promise your secret is safe with me.
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Tami said...

Holy shitballs this looks good.

Anonymous said...

So I've never made cobbler... oops. Guess I need to make it since I love it so much. This looks so good!! Thanks for linking up with Jess and me!

Jackie said...

that cobbler looks damn good. i have made peach cobbler before...so good.

Hannah @ Just Call Me HaHa said...

Visting from the link up; this looks delish!

Katie said...

Hello, just stopping by from the Taste of Tuesday linkup! That looks sooo good! I might just have to try it! Also, I am now following you on bloglovin so I am excited to get to know more about you through your cute blog!

brooke lyn said...

it's crazy how easy cobbler is to make! i even use grands biscuits too!

Caroline said...

This looks so amazing - my mouth is literally watering. And sorry about Monday - the little pest just wants to be sucky some weeks!

Elizabeth Mayberry said...

sure does look delish!

Recently Roached said...

Oh my word. This looks so amazing. Get in this preggo lady's belly!

Alyssa said...

These all look great! Stopping by and now following from Taste of Tuesday!

Alyssa @ ohsewcraftylife.blogspot.com

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Imaging Observing Strategies

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The gaps between the three detectors in GMOS-S cause gaps in the imaging field about 4.9 arcsec wide. For GMOS-N, the inter-chip gaps between the three Hamamatsu detectors are 0.5 arcsec wider (5.4 arcsec). If continuous coverage of your field is needed, you will need to obtain multiple exposures and dither between the exposures. Due to additional bright columns at either side of the chip gaps, a minimum dither step of 10 arcsec in the X-direction (p-direction on the OT) is recommended.

(The gap width for the old GMOS-N e2v DD devices was 2.8 arcsec, and the recommended minimum dither step in X-direction 5 arcsec.)

For unbinned observations the pixel scale is 0.0807 arcsec/pixel (GMOS-N Hamamatsu) and 0.080 arcsec/pixel (GMOS-S Hamamatsu). (The pixel scale of the old GMOS-N e2v DD devices was 0.0728 arcsec/pixel.) If you are requesting imaging in image quality 70-percentile or worse, consider binning the CCDs 2x2 giving an effective pixel scale of 0.161 arcsec/pixel (GMOS-N) and 0.160 arcsec/pixel (GMOS-S). This cuts the overheads from the readout from ~83 sec to ~24 sec per frame(*).

The original GMOS EEV CCDs had strong fringing in the z' and i'-filters. The peak-to-peak amplitude was about 5% for the z'-filter. The new GMOS-N and GMOS-S Hamamatsu CCDs have less fringing in both the i' and z' filters. The peak-to-peak amplitude is about 2.5% for the Y-filter. For sparsely populated fields, fringe frames can be constructed from the science images. For crowded fields or extended objects, you may consider obtaining additional sky observations for the construction of fringe frames. Example fringe frames are available (GN, GS). To construct a reasonably good fringe frame you will need a minimum of six dithered science exposures.

Are the Baseline Calibrations sufficient for your program? If you need photometry to better than 5%, you will need to add standard stars to your observations to determine extinction.

(*) Final characterization of the read-out overheads for the GMOS-N Hamamatsu detectors is ongoing.

Gemini Observatory Participants


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Open Source Point of Sale

4.43 / 5

Open Source Point of Sale is a point of sale system built on top of a CodeIgniter base. It therefore is written in PHP and uses MySQL as the database backend for data storage. This means that it'll run on any system with a web browser and can be run on a local server or hosted for multiple clients to access.

Official Website Order

Install Open Source Point of Sale on your hosting for free in a few clicks from your control panel

  • Version : 3.2.3
  • Release Date : 14-06-2018
  • Required Disk Space : 60.68 MB

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SJ2250 : Llandegla Forest

taken 10 years ago, 3 km from Pen-y-Stryt, Denbighshire/Sir Ddinbych, Great Britain

This is 1 of 2 images, with title Llandegla Forest in this square
Llandegla Forest
Llandegla Forest
Llandegla Forest covers 650 hectares and was planted in 1972/73. It is owned and managed by UPM Tilhill and is now open for recreational biking.
Creative Commons Licence [Some Rights Reserved]   © Copyright Eirian Evans and licensed for reuse under this Creative Commons Licence.
1:50,000 Modern Day Landranger(TM) Map © Crown Copyright
1:50,000 Modern Day Landranger(TM) Map © Crown Copyright
TIP: Click the map for Large scale mapping
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Grid Square
SJ2250, 15 images   (more nearby )
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Date Taken
Wednesday, 25 February, 2009   (more nearby)
Thursday, 26 February, 2009
Forestry road   (more nearby)
Subject Location
OSGB36: geotagged! SJ 225 509 [100m precision]
WGS84: 53:2.9832N 3:9.4549W
Camera Location
OSGB36: geotagged! SJ 22518 50917
View Direction
NORTH (about 0 degrees)
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Image classification(about): Geograph
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