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The Digital Humanist

On Thursday I was part of a conference here in Verona (see my conference notes) that celebrated the seminar I led at the University of Verona and the English publication of The Digital Humanist by Domenico Fiormonte, Francesca Tomasi, and Teresa Numerico (with a Preface by me). This is the English adaptation/translation of their 2010 Italian book which has finally come out in English. Here is the edited text of my presentation. (Thanks to Domenico for helping me with the Italian!)

Dear Friends and Colleagues,

Today we are here to celebrate the end of a laboratory on digital humanities and a beginning with the publication of the The Digital Humanist: A Critical Inquiry by Domenico Fiormonte, Teresa Numerico and Francesca Tomasi.

Oggi si celebra la fine questa laboratorio che abbiamo creato insieme e una la publicazione in Inglese del libro L’umanista digitale che è stato pubblicato per la prima volta in Italiano nel 2010 e poi aggiornato e tradotto in inglese da Desmond Schmidt e Christopher Ferguson.

The English publication of this book is important to the book because part of what makes it “A Critical Inquiry” is that it questions the universality of English. I use the word universality in two senses, both of which are to be questioned:

First, that there is an assumption that we need a universal language or metalanguage – a dream of philosophers, a dream that can be said to have led to the idea of a universal machine or computer,

E secondo, uso la parola universale per il modo in cui l’Inglese invade l’informatica, dai motori di recerca ai linguaggi di programmazione, come abbiamo sentito oggi nelle presentazioni degli studenti.

Il filosofo della scienza e della tecnologia, Langdon Winner, ha scritto un bel testo dal titolo: “Do Artifacts Have Politics?” In questo articolo Winner cerca di navigare tra due posizioni opposte – quella del determinismo tecnologico che sostiene che ogni messaggio è determinato dal tecnologia–

And, he argues that neither can technologies be said to be neutral – the argument of so many technologists that relieves them of the need to take responsibility for what they develop.

Instead Winner argues that we have to attend to the artefacts themselves – some bring baggage or structure experience and some less so.

One of the great contributions of this book is just such a critical attending to the digital artefacts themselves – especially those like search engines or electronic texts that are important to us in the humanities.

Questo libro, invece di parlare dell’informatica in generale – parla delle tecnologie che usiamo come umanisti e ci aiuta a capire l’importanza del nostro lavoro – infatti direi che ci aiuta capire come dobbiamo assumerci la responsabilità per le nostre technologie.

As Heidegger and others point out, sometimes the hardest thing to do is to notice technologies that we use every day like the glasses on the end of our nose. We need to find ways back to noticing the systems of ready-to-hand in which we navigate our desires and dreams. That includes for Heidegger also noticing the way language itself structures our thinking.

But how can we do that? How can we attend? What practices can we draw on from the humanities?

Lev Manovich in an online essay talks about the comedy of breakdowns as an interruption that forces us to notice technology – something that was normal in Russia, but isn’t normal in the West.

Siegfried Zielinski – in Deep Time of the Media proposes an archaeology that pays attention to the failed technologies – the branches that have been left out of the origin myths.

This book provides, I think, three other, uniquely humanities ways into thinking again about technology:

First, it is written from the margins – at least the linguistic margins of an Anglophone discourse of technology (and digital humanities.) It was first written in Italian and draws on an Italian humanities computing tradition. The book reminds us to pay attention to language, so important to the humanities and technology too.

Second, it historicizes the technologies we take for granted – looking, for example, at key figures who imagined our cybernetic future.

Terzo, questo libro non soltanto guarda agli artefatti e ai sistemi in un modo critico, ma guarda anche ai modi in cui noi organizziamo il discorso accademico sull’informatica umanistica – direi che tratta le digital humanities come artefatto umano che deve anche essere criticato, specialmente perché siamo ciechi ai modi nei quali l’organizzazione della disciplina segue la cultura anglo-sassone. The digital humanist ci chiede di criticare come siamo e potremmo essere dei digital humanists. Questa è un questione di ethos – come viviamo con la tecnologia, come ci organizziamo per porre attenzione alla tecnologia

E’ per questo che raccomando questo libro specialmente a voi dotorandi.

For those of you just discovering the digital as a subject for humanities attention I recommend this book – it is a way in for humanists.

Voglio concludere con un commento sulla presentazione dei libri – se un libro e come una neonato – un natio come ne parlava Vico –è anche importante come il libro viene educato insegnato e interpretato.

Remember the lesson of Frankenstein. The tragedy is not that he was made of parts, but that he was abandoned at birth. The same can be said of the digital humanities – a field made of parts.

Questa e la seconda volta che aiuto a presentare questo libro. La prima volta è stata la settimana scorsa a Roma. Direi che addesso sono diventato un presentatore con esperienza nell’ allevamento. Posso annuciare il tour?

As I was just saying in Italian, this is the second time I present this book – and I’ve chosen to do it in two tongues – English and Italian. In this I’m drawing on a Canadian political tradition of bilingual presentations which I have always admired. Such bilingual talks weave two languages to make something that is not a universal language but is free of the particular blindness of a particular language.

My reason for switching is that if we are to avoid the universalizing tendency of technologies of thinking like language we have to habituate ourselves to travel back and forth translating and thinking across. That used to be obvious to the humanities, but we seem to have forgotten that discipline.

Attraversare le lingue è qualcosa che voi Italiani dovete fare per forza – per noi anglo-sassoni è una nuova esperienza – troppo volte aspettiamo che l’atro venga da noi invece di incontrarci a metà strada.

Nel frattempo, The Digital Humanist è un importante tentativo che attraversa Italiano e Inglese per invitarci tutti a dialogare.

The Malware Museum

There are a number of stories about The Malware Museum on the Internet Archive. This archive gathers a number of 1980s and 1990s viruses (just the animated parts) with emulators so you can run them and see their visual effects. The Toronto Star story has a quote from Hyponnen on the art of the early viruses,

“You could call it an art form,” he said in an interview. “These early virus-writers were expressing themselves with animations and sounds.”

It wasn’t until later that viruses started encrypting things and blackmailing you to decrypt them or doing other things to make money.

There is an extended talk (50 minutes) by Mikko Hypponen, the security specialist who gave this collection, on The History and the Evolution of Computer Viruses. The talk starts with the first PC virus BRAIN that he traced back to two brothers in Packistan to Stuxnet. (For a good book on Stuxnet see Kim Zetter’s Countdown to Zero Day.)

Big computers, big hair: the women of Bell Labs in the 1960s

Picture of Bea

The Guardian has posted a set of pictures by Larry Luckham who took a camera into work in 1967 to take pictures of life at Bell Labs, see Big computers, big hair: the women of Bell Labs in the 1960s. That the collection is entirely of women raises some questions. As the Slashdot article post that pointed me to this collection puts it:

What’s noticeable about the pictures, is that they are of woman. I don’t think this is a result of the photographer just photographing “eye candy”. I think it’s because he was surrounded by women, whom from his comments he very much respected and hence photographed.

In those times, wrangling with a computer was very much seen as “clerical work” and therefore the domain of woman. This can be seen as far back as Bletchley Park and before that Ada Lovelace.

Yet 50 years later, the IT industry has turned full-circle. Look at any IT company and the percentage of women doing software development or similar is woeful. Why and how has this happened? Discuss.

Mina S. Rees and Early Computers

Reading Thomas P. Hughes book Rescuing Prometheus I came across a reference to Dr Mina S. Rees who, in different senior roles at the Office of Naval Research in the late 1940s and early 50s, played a role in promoting early computing research. This led me to her 1950 Science article The Federal Computing Machine Program (December 1950, Vol. 112, No. 2921, pp. 731-736), a terrific survey of the state of computing at the time that is both a pleasure to read and nicely captures the balance/promise of analogue and electronic machines at the time. I was particularly struck by the wry humour of the overview. For example, in the opening she talks about what she will not talk about in her overview, and jokes that,

For an adequate discourse on the military applications of automatically sequenced electronic computers, I direct you to recent Steve Canyon comic strips in which a wonderful electronic brain that could see and shoot down planes at great distances was saved from the totalitarian forces of evil. (p. 731)

The Steve Canyon comic in question is a “Mechanical Brain” story her audience would have recognized. (See this review of the Milton Caniff’s Steve Canyon 1950 compilation.) Interestingly (perhaps because she had read Jay Forrester’s reports about air defense), Whirlwind, one of the computers she mentions, went on to be developed into the SAGE system which was designed to semi-automatically, “see and shoot down planes at great distances”.

Rees’ humour, humility and prescience can also be seen in her concession that visual displays and interface are important to certain problems,

As one who has suspected from the beginning that all oscilloscope displays were manipulated by a little man standing in hiding near by, I am happy now to concede that in several of the problems we are now attacking the introduction of visual display equipment has substantial merit. (p. 732)

She recognized the value of a “broad point of view” that looked at computing as more than efficient number crunching. This article reminds us of how computing was understood differently in the 1940s and 1950s and thereby helps us reacquire a broad point of view on computing with some humour.

For a memorial biography of Dr Rees see the memorial here (PDF).

Snowden Surveillance Archive

Canadian Journalists for Free Expression and partners have announced and released a searchable Snowden Surveillance Archive. This archive is,

a complete collection of all documents that former NSA contractor Edward Snowden leaked in June 2013 to journalists Laura Poitras, Glenn Greenwald and Ewen MacAskill, and subsequently were published by news media, such as The GuardianThe New York Times, The Washington PostDer SpiegelLe MondeEl Mundo and The Intercept.

It is dynamic. As new documents are published they will be added.

You can hear the announcement and Snowden in CBC’s stream of Snowden Live: Canada and the Security State.

One thing I don’t understand is why, in at least one case, the archived document is of lower quality than the one originally released. For example, compare the Snowden Archive of the CSEC Document about Olympia and the version from the Globe and Mail. The Snowden one is both cropped and full of artefacts of compression (or something.)

One of the points that both Snowden and the following speakers made is that the massive SIGINT system set up doesn’t prevent terrorist attacks, it can be used retrospectively to look back at some event and figure out who did it or develop intelligence about a someone targeted. One of the speakers followed up on the implications of retrospective surveillance – what this means for citizens is that things you do now might come back to haunt you.

The Isolator, A Bizarre Helmet For Encouraging Concentration (1925)

From Geoff I learned about The Isolator, A Bizarre Helmet For Encouraging Concentration (1925). The Isolator was developed in 1925 by Hugo Gernsback a science fiction pioneer (and editor of Science and Invention magazine.) The idea is to force you to focus on your writing (with lots of oxygen.)

One wonders if it works? Could it be even more useful now?

Truth and Reconciliation

Yesterday we went to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission event here in Edmonton, Alberta. Edmonton is the last national event before the commissioners start working on a report for 2015.

No blog entry can capture the learning and emotions of attending just a small part of the event. In the end I could only listen to some of the testimony before being overcome. I will never forget a survivor of a residential school here in St. Albert (outside of Edmonton) talking about how he and other boys would be sent out into the cold to dig graves for those who died. Imagine boys of 9 to 13 in minus 30 degree weather burying their classmates with no support from anyone.

I am reminded of Hannah Arendt’s phrase “banality of evil” which she uses to describe the character of a different evil. This evil unfolded with educational intentions, something we educators should remember. This evil unfolded with the complicity of the major churches who set up and ran the schools, something those of us who belong to churches should remember. Here is a map of the residential schools run by the Anglican church to which I belong. This evil affects the survivors and their families still. Homelessness, (is) one lasting impact of Indian residential schools.

In his closing address, Commission Chair Justice Murray Sinclair, talked about how, now that we have heard truth, we need to turn to reconciliation. As one of the final speakers put it, “The Journey is On!”

Cynthia Ide Rockwell (1936 – 2013)

They also serve who only stand and waite.

Beloved mother, wife and friend Cynthia (Cinny) Ide Rockwell passed away on Sunday, April 28th, 2013 at home in Rome, Italy. Born in 1936 in Hollywood Hospital she went to The Putney School in Vermont where she met her future husband and then to Cornell University. She and Peter Barstow Rockwell were married in 1958 in New London Connecticut. In 1961 she, Peter and her two year-old son Geoffrey went to Italy for what was going to be a 6-month stay and never left, moving from Liguria to Rome in 1962 where they lived in series of apartments before settling in Monteverde.

Continue reading Cynthia Ide Rockwell (1936 – 2013)

Tory 1908 Address to First Convocation of U of Alberta

Voyant Word Cloud of 1908 Address

Here at the University of Alberta we return for inspiration to the founding President’s words at the 1908 Address to the First Convocation. In particular we have taken to heart Henry Marshall Tory’s words about “uplifting the whole people.” Here is the relevant paragraph,

In many of the older universities men of merit were deprived of the privileges which they offered sometimes by creed or class legislation. The modern state university has sprung from a demand on the part of the people themselves for intellectual recognition, a recognition which only a century ago was denied them. The result is that such institutions must be conducted in such a way as to relate them as closely as possible to the life of the people. The people demand that knowledge shall not alone be the concern of scholars. The uplifting of the whole people shall be its final goal. This should be the concern of all educated men, it be never be forgotten.

The phrase “uplifting of the whole people” has become the promise of the University though I doubt many of us think about it more than casually. In Tory’s address it is connected with nation building and civilization. Every state in the USA has a university, now every province in Canada will get one. The state university has a special responsibility to the people. There is also a strong thread of praire populism to the address. He recognizes that universities have excluded people and been sites of privilege, something to be corrected in the “modern state university” that lists to the demands of the people and relates to them.

Tory touches on a number of other issues in his talk that we should also think through. He talks about the importance of pure intellect to the university. He connects this with “the highest ideals of life.”

[Universities] have arisen as a result of the demand of the intellect pure and simple. Quite apart from practical results, the restless energy of the human mind, slow to accomplish results, but never resting in its efforts, has demanded that a place should be found where men may be given an opportunity to fit themselves by rigid training to solve the problems of life. Thus it has become the task of the university to hold up the highest ideals of life; to help create in the hearts of men and to sustain in them a love for those things which are higher than food and raiment; to emphasize the teaching of the greatest of all teachers that man’s life consisteth not in the abundance of the things which he possesses. It has become a part of their recognized responsibility to instill a love of those things which really constitute greatness; to emphasize the things of the mind above those of the body; in relation national life to place patriotism above party; in our relations to others to place love above hate; in our relation to knowledge to choose truth and not error; in our relations to ourselves to be men not things.

He returns later to these high ideals which turn out to be echoed in the “moral and spiritual sense of the Christian world” which has triumphed over materialism. The university is to be a place that fosters ideals that are consistent with the Christian world and not a “materialistic philosophy.”

Did I say materialism was dead? I say it again! Man knows that he is greater than the clod and in that knowledge lies his supremacy. The age of thought has only begun. In spite of the practical and materialistic philosophy which expresses itself still [in] the commercial spirit of the age I assert the deepest conviction of my being that thought and mind are still supreme. We who teach may be called idealists. Let me say to you that the idealist still lives and lifts his head to the stars and declares the impossible can be accomplished. All the ages of progress have been his ages and when the spirit of a material age is dead and the philosophy of materialism is forgotten the idealist will still be conquering the world.

Tory touches on the importance of faculty and admonishes that faculty not be treated as “state officers.”

The members of the university staff must not be thought of in the ordinary way as state officers. They must rather be regarded in the light of independent thinkers and scholars who are to bring us into that appreciation of those higher things about which I was speaking a moment ago.

He then goes on to talk about teaching and giving faculty the freedom to teach well. He trusts us to handle this freedom with discretion.

Our professors are first of all teachers. To them the largest freedom must be given. It is their duty to push into the heart of things that the truth and nothing but the truth may be, discovered. I am sure they will temper freedom with discretion.

While on the whole the address is remarkably current there are two dated and distasteful aspects. First of all is the sexism of the language that talks only of men and manhood. There is no recognition that women might be part of the whole people. I hear the echo of muscular and rational Christianity in this address. Secondly there is a race consciousness or pride in Alberta’s youth and mingling of peoples that strikes me as vanity.

We are not a degenerate race, we are a race produced by the mingling of the best blood. We are not yet dissolute in temper, but still have the firmness to govern and the grace to obey. We are rich in the inheritance of honour bequeathed to us through a thousand years of noble history and we may make it our daily thirst to increase it with splendid service, so that if it be a sin to covet honour, Canadians should be the most offending souls alive.

Narrative and Technology: Curtis Wong and Geoffrey Rockwell in Conversation – YouTube

The kind folks at the Long Room Hub at Trinity College Dublin have put up the video of the “conversation” I participated in on the 6th of March. The event was called Narrative and Technology: Curtis Wong and Geoffrey Rockwell in Conversation. Curtin Wong is now at Microsoft Research, but worked for some time at the Voyager Company back in the days when they were developing some of the most interesting multimedia works.


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10:30 am

Weekly Meditation Circle for all Levels – MORNINGS

July 4 @ 10:30 am - 11:15 am
The Point of Light

What participants had to say…”Enjoyed this meditation alot! The energy & sound of Jennifer’s voice led me into a deep powerful, peaceful meditation! Loved it!”   “Very comforting, reaffirming, relaxing & reassuring.” Come join Jennifer Jeffries for a unique drop in meditation session every Wednesday morning at 10:30 am. During the 45 minute session, Jennifer […]

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7:00 pm

Astrology 101 – 1 of 2 Sessions

July 4 @ 7:00 pm - 8:00 pm
The Point of Light

In this unique series, you will learn about the wonderful world of astrology by learning to decode your birth chart. Whether you know your birth chart or not, Jennifer will take you on a journey to further your understanding of astrology. Here is what you will learn: Day 1: – What is a Birth Chart? […]

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The Quietus - A new rock music and pop culture website

How Michael Jackson's Bad Shaped Pop As We Know It
David Bennun , August 21st, 2017 12:16

Thriller might be considered the greatest Michael Jackson album but, argues David Bennun, it's Bad that changed pop music forever

Some things are so big, you no longer see them. Some things, so pervasive you no longer notice them.

Who, for instance, are the most influential artists in popular music? Dylan, The Beatles, Bowie, The Velvet Underground, Patti Smith. They’re usually, and justly, near the top of any such list. But they shouldn’t be at the top. The question really being asked, and answered, is “Who are the artists you like who were most influential on other artists you like?”

The most influential artists of the last 40 years – and perhaps ever, depending on how one attempts to quantify it – are Michael Jackson and Whitney Houston. Nobody has had a greater impact on more music enjoyed by more people. Just not necessarily music you listen to. Not necessarily people you hang out with.

It was Brian Eno who made the now famous observation that the first Velvet Underground album sold only 30,000 copies in the five years after its release (mind you, plenty of bands today would consider that a major success, which is another matter), but everyone who bought it started a band. And, as Eno didn’t mention, a few of those bands flourished, but most sold even fewer. Jackson and Houston sold in the tens of millions; since then, people who sound like Jackson or Houston have cumulatively sold tens of millions more.

This doesn’t in itself make Jackson or Houston better than the Velvet Underground – whatever that might mean. Quantity is not quality. Might is not right. It’s simply how it happened.

Houston’s influence has diminished now. Throughout the 1990s and 2000s, the mode she established was standard for women pop stars – due not only to her huge commercial impact, but also to the influence of TV talent shows which gauged female acts in particular purely on technical terms: who was the most forceful; who had the greatest range, the most acrobatic melisma. As long as you could sing soul, you didn’t need to have it. This affected even the fresher and more imaginative Britney/Christina school; those girls required their chops to get ahead. Then along came Beyoncé, Lady Gaga and Taylor Swift, each with a different and novel way of being a superstar, and the spell was broken. Not that they can’t do all that stuff if they want to. But they don’t have to. For them, it isn't the point.

Jackson’s influence on the men, conversely, is not just undimmed; it is – at least in the Anglophone world – definitive. If you are a male solo artist, and you sing and dance and entertain (on which counts Ed Sheeran scores one out of three), and you aim to be a major global pop star for any substantial duration, then you’re pretty much going to be Michael Jackson or die trying. Usher, Justin Timberlake, Bruno Mars, a host of other would-be’s and almost-are’s: it’s not just that they are indebted to him; they’re all but doing him. These are, to one degree or another, performers of considerable qualities who have made some very good music and staged excellent shows. But nobody in their field has as yet worked out how to do it significantly differently to the way M.J. did it.

Jackson’s single most influential work, obviously, is Thriller, his 1982 opus and the biggest-selling album of all time. I mean, how could it not be?

Except, a lot of the stuff that, whether by accident or design, still sounds like Michael Jackson – and whenever I make one of my occasional forays into the Top 40, I hear something that does; it’s not always by male artists, either – doesn’t sound that much like Thriller. It often sounds more like Bad.

Which in turn means that, 30 years later, Bad sounds weirdly current. Then again, it sounds weirdly everything, in that everything it does, it does weirdly. It’s a weird album.

Thriller sounds classic, because it is; classics are, by definition, timeless, even if they do recall a particular time. Bad does not sound timeless. It sounds exactly like 1987, and it is a curious turn of events that in the succeeding three decades, we have never ceased to hear things that sound like Bad. If that stopped happening tomorrow, Bad would suddenly sound very dated indeed. Which would not make it a bad record. Despite all the guffaws and banalities that greeted its title at the time, it is anything but bad. It is, as I mentioned, weird, and it is so absurdly variable as to be capricious, but when it’s good, it is blinding. Those post-Jacko stars I mentioned above? It’s not just that they couldn’t exist without Jackson. They couldn’t exist without ‘Smooth Criminal’ alone.

Thriller exudes the kind of ease you hear on an unimpeachably great record where everything has come together just as well as it could. Even if that wasn’t the story in the studio, even if that’s not how the people who made it feel about it – even if they were miserable making it – you can tell when the music itself has been struck by lightning. It took a lot of people to make Thriller, and every last one of them aced it. The sound may be on the synthetic side – that’s just how it sounds, as did so many records at the time, many of them all the better for it – but the feel of it is natural. It feels as if that’s the way it had to go.

Bad, by contrast, could hardly have felt less natural, in that sense. Or so it seemed then; Jackson’s subsequent, stilted work shows that it could have. But where Thriller had flowed, strutted, swayed, glided and moonwalked, Bad stuttered, shuddered, jolted and jerked. Nothing on it seemed quite human – least of all Jackson himself, whose vocal manner seemed to reflect his changing appearance, becoming hacked, shaped and re-coloured into a series of cartoonish symbols, signals, tics and gestures. Again, this is not an inherently bad thing. Weird as hell, but not necessarily bad. In retrospect, it is clearly the first step – indeed, several steps – towards Jackson’s work assuming the suffocating, joyless character it would later exhibit on such tracks as ‘Scream’: frantic, plastic, mechanical, shrink-wrapped. (The shiny, claustrophobic, space-capsule video for that song could not have been more apt.) That music is fascinating in its own right, and not a little unnerving. But Jackson wasn’t there yet. Bad is certainly airless, though. No wonder he gasps all the way through it as if desperate for oxygen. It is, in every sense, compressed, its sounds for the most part dry and taut. There’s no pliancy in the upbeat numbers – not an inch of give, not an ounce of fat, no soft surfaces, and only the faintest intimations of warmth. Even the smoochy numbers are curiously brittle: ‘Liberian Girl’, whose timid efforts at quasi-African fluidity are scattered and squashed beneath the crashing percussion; ‘I Just Can't Stop Loving You’, which with kinder treatment might easily have been one of those sweet ballads Jackson turned out so ably in his teens, and to which may be accorded the backhanded compliment that it is the least fraught thing on the album, in part thanks to the calming vocal contribution of Siedah Garrett, she of that delicious Dennis Edwards collaboration, ‘Don’t Look Any Further’.

Because, make no mistake, this is one fraught record. In its sound, in its themes, in its overriding atmosphere. It is laden with grievance, with jittery defiance, with anxiety, with unconvincing braggadocio. That it was much more Jackson’s own record than its predecessor is clear from the credits. He was sole writer on all but two of its 11 songs (he had written four of Thriller’s nine). He took an album co-production credit alongside Quincy Jones. Yet if this was a liberation, it doesn’t feel like it. It feels like an artist straining at the leash, beating his fists upon his own limitations when all others have been removed. What motivated him? Did he feel the need to rival Prince’s prodigious abilities as an auteur? (Prince had been billed as a prospective duettist, likewise Whitney Houston; neither collaboration took place.) Were defiance and anxiety what he wanted to express now he had the chance, or was Bad itself the source of them? Here was a man, famous from the age of 11, whose strange and difficult life had made him the world’s greatest pop star, projecting himself on the cover as the street tough he unmistakably was not and could not be, a leather-encased hombre proclaiming on the opening title track just how dangerous he was.

Perhaps it was all theatre. For as long as we’ve had pop stars, they’ve played versions of themselves, or other people entirely. Acting a part comes with the territory. Plainly, Jackson was doing a bit; the question is, was he just doing a bit, assuming a new persona as part of the game, or was he signalling his own longing to be that way? With its stings and its drama, ‘Bad’ has a curious West Side Story-revisited quality. Its lyrics are far more abstruse than a simple throw-down, to the point of being nearly incomprehensible. Yet it’s difficult to shake the sense that this is who Jackson genuinely wanted to be. That like so many victims of bullying he yearned to transform himself into a hard nut, equipped with powers not just to resist but to humiliate his persecutors. And ‘Bad’ is an amazing song. Had it not been made by the recent creator of pop’s biggest ever album – had a hitherto unknown act recorded it – it might have been greeted as a remarkable experiment in catchy, neurotic avant-garde electro-funk.

The same is true for much of the album; if it seems an obvious pop record, in the narrower generic sense of the term, that’s because it was made by a person who was the world’s most obvious pop star. But for the most part, it doesn’t take the easy road. True, some things fit a template: ‘Just Good Friends’ and ‘Another Part Of Me’, closing the first side of the vinyl release and opening the second, are the very definition of filler, Prince/Jam & Lewis-derived products of their moment. Others are – again – more weird than anything else. ‘Speed Demon’ could be the soundtrack to a 1980s video game, and the notion of Jackson as an outlaw road racer is at once bizarre, hilarious and oddly poignant; Jackson has become what millions of others fantasise they might be, yet he implies again and again that his own fantasies are very different, and no more attainable for him than megastardom is for the rest of us. ‘The Man In the Mirror’ is a thoroughly dislikeable song; even though Jackson didn’t write it, it is the harbinger of the self-basting, sermonising style that would reach its apotheosis in ‘Earth Song’, occasioning Jarvis Cocker’s splendid spontaneous response at the 1996 Brits. But it wasn’t an obvious song. The obvious thing would have been to make it into a pious, saccharine ballad. Doing it as a thumping chunk of Formica gospel was . . . well, again, it was kind of weird.

Nine – nine! – of Bad’s tracks would be released as singles. At least five of them, including the title track, are bona-fide jaw-dropping belters. ‘The Way You Make Me Feel’ has the structure of a standard old-school rock & roll tune, but Jackson turns it into a swaggering, clattering, modern R&B showpiece, in which he gets to play the smitten, streetwise lothario he could never and would never be in person. ‘Dirty Diana’ returns to one of Jackson’s favourite themes – bad women who are out to do bad things to him. (In fairness, this is hardly a motif peculiar to Jackson, or even to pop music, although pop music has tended to specialise in it.) It rocks in that contained, uptight way chart rock had about it at that moment, but still, it rocks. It stings. Mind you, for Jackson to complain about anybody else’s sexual mores took some brass balls. As for ‘Smooth Criminal’, it was, remains, always will be, a dazzling, gobsmacking, electrifying tune. It is pure, breathless action, in every way: a movie scene magically transfigured into fierce, razor-edged, bastard-tight disco-funk.

When you consider that Bad starts off with the one-two punch of ‘Bad’ and ‘The Way You Make Me Feel’, and ends with the troika of ‘Dirty Diana’, ‘Smooth Criminal’ and ‘Leave Me Alone’, that is half of a ridiculously great album right there. That much of the other half is merely ridiculous is a pity. But ridiculous, in turn, beats bland every time, and aside from that dip right in the middle, Bad is never that.

Jackson could hardly have made Bad less like Thriller. That’s just a turn of phrase. Obviously, he could have. He could have made an album of Andean nose flute music, or whatever. But he could hardly have made an album that was evidently the Big New Release by Michael Jackson, Megastar that felt more different to Thriller. It was a bold thing to do. And – as I keep repeating, but it bears repeating – it was a weird album to make. But then Jackson was, notoriously, a weird individual – and, it transpired, a monstrous one. It’s notable that he hasn’t been un-personed the way the still living Gary Glitter has. You might say he was too big to fail; I think it’s more that people love his music too much to relinquish it, so they just blot that side of things out. I do, so I do.

I remember seeing ‘Leave Me Alone’ on Top Of The Pops and staring at the screen open-mouthed in astonishment at the brilliance of its slamming, furious appropriation and retooling of Beatlesque harmony, instrumentation and (in the video) imagery. (It only now occurs to me, after all this time, to wonder if this might have been a coded memo to Paul McCartney to stop asking Jackson to raise the royalty rate on the Northern Songs catalogue Jackson had acquired after taking McCartney’s advice to buy publishing rights; just as McCartney’s ‘You Never Give Me Your Money’ surely addresses Allen Klein.)

‘Leave Me Alone’ being the final track means Bad is a record that opens with the message “Fuck you!” and closes with the message “Fuck off!” Thus book-ended, it has, to date, sold 35 million copies. Maybe Michael Jackson was a pretty bad dude after all.

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Stuttgart hires former Schalke coach Markus Weinzierl

STUTTGART, Germany — Stuttgart has hired former Schalke and Augsburg coach Markus Weinzierl to take over from Tayfun Korkut, who was fired on Sunday.

The club says the 43-year-old Weinzierl agreed a deal through June 2020 and will take charge of his first training session on Wednesday.

Korkut was let go, along with assistants Ilija Aracic and Steven Cherundolo, following the side's 3-1 defeat to previously bottom Hannover on Saturday. The defeat left Stuttgart last in the league after seven games.

Stuttgart president Wolfgang Dietrich says: "We have acted cautiously and laid the groundwork for new start in what is anything but an easy situation for Stuttgart. We're delighted we could get an experienced and ambitious head coach in Markus Weinzierl."

Weinzierl, who led Jahn Regensburg into the second division and Augsburg to the Europa League, had a difficult time at Schalke when he took over the Gelsenkirchen-based club in 2016. He started his tenure with five Bundesliga defeats and was eventually sacked at the end of the season.

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SANE Eating for Kids and More

LISTEN: show   READ: transcript

GET: free program & recipes

This week:
– How SANE eating is both the same and not the same for children as it is for adults
– How SANE eating is the most nutritious diet available
– How SANE eating helps with behavior and attention issues
– How a mother’s inSANE eating can permanently alter a child’s metabolism
– How helping your child to stay SANE is one of the greatest gifts you can give them
– How even naturally thin children should eat SANEly
– How The Smarter Science of Slim compares to Atkins, Paleo, and Weight Watchers
– What about the Twinkie diet?

Listen via YouTube

Jonathan Bailor!/jonathanbailor
(212) 465-3130
Like this podcast? Please share it on Facebook & Twitter and leave a quick review on iTunes.

The Slim Is Non-Profit Nutrition Education Effort

Full Transcription

Jonathan: Hey, everyone. Jonathan Bailor and Carrie Brown, coming at you with another Smarter Science of Slim podcast. Carrie, how are you feeling this week?

Carrie: I’m doing awesome this week!

Jonathan: I’m also doing awesome because I just had a sampling of five of Carrie’s SANE treats! Carrie, let me see if I can get a correct summary of what I just ate. So I ate an egg mini quiche SANE cupcake thing – is that what you call it?

Carrie: It was a broccoli and red pepper egg cup.

Jonathan: Ah, yes! It was splendid. Then I had some soup that was a color that I’ve never seen before in food and it was spectacular!

Carrie: It was pretty much the color of your T-shirt.

Jonathan: It was, it was. Describe that for our listeners.

Carrie: It was deep purple.

Jonathan: Deep purple, but describe the soup.

Carrie: It was beet and tarragon and I think it’s the best thing I have ever made ever!

Jonathan: Yes, it was quite delicious and quite filling and it was quite colorful as well! So, three for three! Then I had some cashews – they were orange and something spice….

Carrie: They were caramel orange spice.

Jonathan: And these are all SANE and delicious. All SANE.

Carrie: All SANE and delicious.

Jonathan: And then I had Carrie’s version of a peanut butter SANE mousse, where she mousseified it – if that’s a word! But it was also delicious, so thank you. And then I tried your porridge – Nutty Porridge.

Carrie: Oh, yes, the oatmeal.

Jonathan: Yes. Carrie, describe your SANE ‘oatmeal’.

Carrie: Everybody’s very excited about that! I think that’s been my single most visited page in the history of my little food blog – the hot, nutty oatmeal replacement I made. Everybody’s been very excited about it.

Jonathan: What are the basics in constitution?

Carrie: It has almond meal and flax seeds and chia seeds and some other yummy… Oh, whey protein powder. Lots of good stuff!

Jonathan: Yeah, and there was also a cranberry orange scone which was like a coconut flour-almond flour…. Carrie’s still trying to perfect it because I keep throwing SANEity requirements at her and I’m just like, “Oh, make it have more of this.” And she’s like, “You can’t just say ‘put more of that in it’. It ruins the recipe!” Which I know intellectually, but I like to keep her on her toes. Well, I thought it was very good.

Carrie: It’s not good enough.

Jonathan: Being the world-class pastry chef that she is, our definitions of ‘delicious’ are not the same. So, it was all good! I’m very full! I’m very full of SANEity and ready to talk about some Smarter Science of Slim Frequently Asked Questions this week.

Carrie: Alright!

Jonathan: So, question #1 – which neither Carrie nor I can necessarily speak to you from experience, but we can speak to you from a science perspective – has to do with SANE eating and children and that’s specifically – ‘Is SANE eating the same for children as it is for adults?’ We are not necessarily qualified to tell you how to get your kids to eat SANE food, because neither Carrie or I have kids, but we can tell you some important things about if you do or if you are interested in helping your kids to be SANE – whether or not that’s a good idea, which spoil the surprise, it is! – and why.

Carrie: Okay.

Jonathan: Cool? Alright. So basically for the question of ‘Is SANE eating the same for children and in adults?’ The answer is yes and no. Yes, in the sense that the same foods that are satisfying, unaggressive, nutritious and efficient for adults are the same for children. It’s not as if non-starchy vegetables are healthy for adults and not healthy for children. They are equally healthy for all people, no matter their age. Same thing applies with nutrient-dense protein. Same thing applies to whole food natural fats. Everything that makes SANE eating important for adults makes it even more important for children and that’s why I say ‘no’. SANE eating isn’t actually the same for children and adults because it’s more important for children than it is for adults for four reasons.

One, children require more nutrition than adults and as we know, a SANE lifestyle is simply focused on eating the most nutritious food available to us. Two, children are more susceptible to food-related behavior problems. So, the bouncing off the walls and then being cranky and even sometimes some ADHD issues are really just nutrition-related. Third, fat cells never go away. We’ll talk more about this in a moment, but if a child gains excess body fat, that’s a battle that they’re going to have to fight against for the rest of their life, which is truly sad. Four, is that children form habits that affect them for the rest of their life. So anything we can do to help our children understand the science and understand the actual way to eat for health as well as being delicious simultaneously, that’s going to benefit them for 80 or 100 years, hopefully. So, it’s all good.

Carrie: I have a cute little story. One of my girlfriends has a little girl who just turned one and mom has been hugely frustrated that her little girl was just not interested in breakfast. She just wouldn’t eat breakfast until one day her mother decided to make my strawberry chia seed pudding and now, every morning that’s all this little girl wants! She wants the strawberry chia seed or blueberry – whatever berries her mom makes it with – and she absolutely loves it and it’s the only thing she will eat for breakfast!

Jonathan: Oh, wow, that’s awesome!

Carrie: And she’s also a big fan of those egg cups – that one I just made you for lunch. She’s a huge, huge fan of those! So when mom threw her first birthday party the other week, apart from the actual cake, everything else at this 1-year-old’s party was SANE.

Jonathan: That’s awesome! That’s really, really cool!

Carrie: And I throw that in there because I don’t want parents to automatically think “Wow! It’s healthy. I’m going to struggle to get them to eat it.” That has not been the case.

Jonathan: Yeah, and what a lot of people find – a lot of my friends have very, very young children – and children are not necessarily born wanting candy bars. It’s sort of a hyper stimulation. When you give a child these processed foods, it’s a bit like giving them crack. I mean, I don’t mean to use that morbid analogy, but these foods are literally engineered to make humans’ brains go crazy with releases of things like dopamine and if you give a child these foods, they’re just like, “What?!” Like, you give a kid caffeine, he doesn’t really know what to do with it. However, when kids are not subjected to these kinds of foods, they find foods that everyone else finds delicious to be just as delicious as everyone else finds them. So just like it’s possible to eat SANEly and really enjoy food, as Carrie just showed me with the food she gave me, we can definitely have children enjoying food and have it be SANE at the same time.

Let’s dig into detail – and I don’t want to spend the whole podcast because I know not all of our listeners have young children – but I do want to provide some useful information here. One, we talked about children needing more nutrition than adults and we all know this. For example, let’s look at the youngest ‘children’ possible. When a child is actually developing in utero, we, as a culture, globally understand that that developing child needs very precise nutrition or else their development halts. I, personally, am very saddened that that mindset seems to go away as soon as the child leaves the uterine environment.

Carrie: It all ties back to what we were talking about in the last podcast, which is the ‘why’. People can do the right thing if they have a big enough ‘why’ and a child growing within you is a big enough ‘why’.

Jonathan: That’s a great point. I’m hoping this podcast can maybe help further that ‘why’ because just because the child is not growing within…. The point I’m trying to make is there is nine months from conception to nine months the child is developing. The child continues to develop once it leaves the womb for 18 years. So we care deeply about the nutrition that child receives from 0-9 months and I would urge us to be, at this point, even half as concerned with the nutrition that child receives for the next 18 years of development because they’re developing literally just as much and water, fiber, protein-rich, SANE foods contain more nutrition per calorie than any other food on the planet. That’s the end in SANE. Ensuring they have an abundance of those foods is really good for them and then also, related are kids being very active. They often need quite a few calories. Oftentimes we’re told the scientifically garbage statement that the only way to do this is to give kids sugar and starch and that’s absolutely not true! If you need to give anyone – child or adult – extra calories, the best way to do that is via SANE sources of fat. So, cocoa, coconut, avocado, flax seeds, chia seeds, nuts, nut butters. If you’re a distance athlete, if you’re a growing child and you need abundant energy, you can do that healthfully and simply using these whole food natural fats we just talked about. There’s absolutely no need to supplement your diet with starches and sweets. Absolutely not!

The second point is that children are more susceptible to food-related behavior problems. This one, we can kind of skip over because we all know if we stuff our kids full of aggressive foods like sugars and starches, they flip out and then they crash and then we have to deal with the consequences of that. If we stick with unaggressive, nutrient-dense proteins, non-starchy vegetables, and whole food fats, we’ll find that oftentimes a lot of children that may otherwise be considered ‘problem children’ are actually not; they’re just… If you put kerosene in a car’s gas tank, you might think that’s a problem car; it’s not, it’s just being given the wrong fuel. The same thing applies to a lot of our little ones.

Carrie: You have the best analogies!

Jonathan: Well, thank you very much. I appreciate that. Actually, I hear a lot of really cool stories about even things like autism being dramatically helped with diets like the GAPS diet and even, I think, epilepsy and very-low-carbohydrate diets. They’re now using very, very, very low carbohydrate diets in some cases to put epilepsy in complete remission – very interesting because the body stops running primarily on glucose and starts running on derivatives from fat metabolism which is ketones. Anyway, so it changes the way the body fuels itself, it changes the way the body runs. Good stuff.

What I think potentially, nutrition is obviously very important. Kids being able to control themselves is very important, but the one that really gets me – and Carrie, to your point earlier about understanding the ‘why’ – it’s probably not a good idea to take drugs while you’re pregnant because then this child is going to be born with challenges for the rest of its life. I don’t mean to make this sound too severe, but I’m just going to communicate the scientific fact. It is a fact that once we develop a fat cell, it does not go away. It can become shrunk, but it’s always there. This is why once you gain fat, it is harder to stay lean for the rest of your life because you’re predisposed to storing that fat. So if you were a child that has no control over what you eat and are simply eating what you’re given and that causes you to develop new fat cells, you now, for the next 70-100 years, are going to have to struggle with your weight forever. It’s not something that you can just, “Oh, just go exercise more.” You literally are now carrying this backpack of being predisposed to fat-gain forever. We avoid doing certain things while the child is developing in utero because it would break our hearts to put our kids in a position where they’re going to struggle against something for the rest of their life. If our children are gaining excess fat, we are putting them in a position – and I don’t mean to be too sad about this – it’s just true that they’re going to have to struggle with that for the rest of their life.

Carrie: Because they’ve literally got more fat cells than other people.

Jonathan: And they literally can do nothing to get rid of them. It’s not like they can exercise more and the fat cells will go away. The fat cells may shrink…

Carrie: We can shrink them but they’re still always going to have more, so….

Jonathan: There’s just that propensity.

Carrie: That’s very sad.

Jonathan: It’s very sad. So that’s why, if you need a compelling ‘why’… Again, I have no kids, so it’s hard for me to talk about some of these things, but I realize we live in a society where food manufacturers make it very easy to take these processed garbage things and just throw them in the kids’ lunch pail – Go-Gurt and all these… Kids see the advertisements on TV, so it’s what they’re asking for. Just like we try to send our kids to good schools because we know that having a good education will benefit them for the rest of their life, what happens to our children in terms of their health in their childhood will affect them throughout their life as profoundly, if not more profoundly, than their education.

The number of hardships that overweight individuals face in our culture, in terms of discrimination, in terms of social ostracism, in terms of self-esteem issues, in terms of just freeing your kids of that burden – I think is one of the most profound gifts you can give to them and I think – I don’t think – I know they’ll appreciate that when they get older. That really has to do with #4, which is, again, the habits that kids form when they’re kids is going to affect them for the rest of their life. The one point I’ll call out here is, there are people who are somewhat naturally thin and because they’re naturally thin, they don’t worry about their eating habits as they grow up and you see this a lot in people who, once they go to college or once they hit 30, if they don’t develop good eating habits, they may be able to slide by based on their youth until they hit 25 or 30 and then those suboptimal eating habits…. – Carrie, I think you’re an example of this.

Carrie: I’m a perfect example of this.

Jonathan: “It’s great. I can slide by on my magic youth metabolism.” But then, when 30 hits, whoop!

Carrie: Yup.

Jonathan: Bet you wish you learned how to eat SANEly before this!

Carrie: Yup. I feel very lucky because I, of course unintentionally, grew up in a pretty SANE household. We had a lot of vegetables. My father grew everything. We did not eat junk food. We didn’t have potato chips and all of that stuff except once a year. We didn’t have candy except once a year. We did have bread and cakes, but they were all things that my mother made from scratch at home, so I was lucky that I had that kind of base. But you’re right. I didn’t think about it until suddenly I woke up and went, “That is not my body! What the hell happened?” And now…. Well, everybody knows the story now, but I am one of those naturally thin people that just thought it was going to be like that forever and then woke up and went, “Oh!”

Jonathan: Yeah. Eventually, bad eating habits will…. There are plenty of thin people that have diabetes and there are plenty of thin people that have heart attacks and just being thin doesn’t necessarily mean we’re healthy either. That’s also very important. So, that’s a very common question. To summarize, ‘Is SANE eating the same for children as it is for adults?’ Yes and no. Yes, the exact same things we’re telling you to eat as an adult are the same things your kids should be eating. No, in the sense that technically, as much effort as you’re putting in to SANEity, I would recommend doubling that if you have kids because it’s going to help them even more than it’s going to help you. It’s going to set them up for having optimal life for the rest of their lives in a way that is just so profound.

Carrie: Just one last thing about what to feed them. Even though I don’t have children, either – when I’m creating these recipes, I try and create them with whole families in mind. There are a lot of dishes where I’ve hidden vegetables or where they’re not necessarily where children would think that they actually were eating vegetables. So I hope that I can help you make it easier because the recipes have more vegetables in them than your kids have any idea they were eating.

Jonathan: Absolutely! Then again, with everything else, folks, don’t beat yourself up that you can’t be perfect. People sometimes – the cynics out there – say to me, “Well, Jonathan, when you have kids, are you not going to let them trick-or-treat?” Of course, I’m going to let them trick-or-treat because it’s a treat. We can all have treats. Even as adults, we can all have treats. The point is, though, I will not feed my children sugar-saturated cereal for breakfast, peanut butter and jelly sandwich for lunch, and then a dinner of pasta and cookies. I won’t. But if we don’t know any better, then it’s really hard to keep our kids free from that. So it’s not about perfection; treats are fine. If they’re going to a birthday party, of course, that’s a party; it’s a celebration. The idea is what are we doing day-in and day-out.

The next big question we get asked is, ‘How does the Smarter Science of Slim or SANE eating compare to traditional diets like Atkins, Weight Watchers, or, let’s say, Paleo?’ The first thing I’ll mention is that Atkins, Weight Watchers, and Paleo are all diets; meaning, they only deal with how you eat. We know the Smarter Science of Slim deals with both – how we eat and how we exercise. That’s one difference right off the bat. Traditional diets have nothing to do with exercise, so we have a complete lifestyle here and that’s really important because it all works together to fix our metabolisms. That’s great! So, a complete re-frame of how we think about food and exercise.

Let’s step through these. First, Atkins. Let’s abstract this and say just low-carb in general. So, there’s quite a few similarities between a low-carbohydrate diet and a SANE way of eating, but let’s quickly define a low-carbohydrate diet. Individuals who are on low-carbohydrate diets – there’s often three phases; there’s an induction phase, there’s a phase 2 – I don’t know what it’s called, and then there’s a maintenance phase. Most people, when they think of low-carb diets, are thinking of the induction phase and an induction phase or low-carb diet is anywhere from 20 g…. Basically, you cannot exceed 20 g of carbohydrate in a day or in some cases, it’s 50 g of carbohydrate in a day.

Carrie: From any source.

Jonathan: From any source. That sometimes even requires restriction of no fruits at all, only certain kinds of vegetables, and you have to go out of your way to eat fat because otherwise you have no source of calories – so you’ll be eating almost 70% of your calories from fat, so you’re eating things like butter and bacon and full-fat everything because you need energy.

Carrie: Right.

Jonathan: However, if you are on the Atkins maintenance phase, it’s actually very similar to a SANE way of eating because it just says ‘don’t eat starch, don’t eat sweets, enjoy non-starchy vegetables, enjoy low-sugar fruits, enjoy low-sugar dairy products, enjoy nutrient-dense meats and whole food fats’. The maintenance phase of the Atkins diet allows generally… I think it’s somewhere between 80 and 120 g of carbohydrates per day.

Carrie: But you can get them from anywhere?

Jonathan: No. That’s a good point. I mean, I’m not an expert in the Atkins diet but the general gist is that the Atkins maintenance phase is quite similar to a SANE lifestyle. SANE lifestyle is going to focus a little bit more on food quality; meaning, it’s not just that you eat about 120 or 75 g of carbohydrate per day, it’s that those are coming from non-starchy vegetables….

Carrie: Right. That’s why I asked the question.

Jonathan: Yeah. But I think it’s more macro-nutrient focused. I’m not a huge expert in it, but it’s quite similar. Actually, the same thing applies to Paleo. A Paleo-type diet is very similar to a SANE way of eating. The only real big difference between Atkins and a SANE way of eating is in some ways, an Atkins diet will say ‘you should go out of your way to eat a full-fat cut of meat’. Like, if you have the choice between eating a fatty steak and a lean steak, you should go with the fatty steak because you’re intentionally restricting carbohydrates, so you eat more fat in its place. With a SANE lifestyle, you could do that. You could do a lower-carb SANE lifestyle or you could do a higher-carb SANE lifestyle, in which case, you would want to take the leaner choice. Paleo is somewhat similar where Paleo is generally focused on eating food in the most natural state possible. For example, chicken with the skin on is more ‘natural’ than chicken with the skin off, so you’d eat chicken with the skin on. Again, if you say to someone in the Paleo community, “I eat egg whites”, they would spit in your face. I’m just kidding. They won’t spit in your face, but it doesn’t make them happy because they’re like, “Well, why wouldn’t you eat the whole egg?” and I get criticized for this all the time. It’s not about saying that whole eggs are bad or that chicken skin is bad, it’s about saying ‘what are your goals?’ If your goal is to eat food like it’s found in nature, then of course eat it like it’s found in nature. If your goal is to eat water, fiber, and protein-rich foods, egg whites have more protein – are 91% protein; a whole egg is only 35% protein because the yolk is predominant’y fat. So, ‘is a Paleo lifestyle like a SANE lifestyle?’ Yes. They are 90% similar. The question is just ‘do you eat more carbohydrate or do you eat more fat?’ If you eat more fat, you’ll end up eating things like whole eggs and chicken with the skin on. If you eat more carbohydrate, you end up eating things like egg whites and chicken with the skin off because you’re getting more and more calories and carbohydrates.

Carrie: Maybe you don’t know this. Do Paleo people eat dairy?

Jonathan: That’s a good question. To my understanding, there are three fundamental pillars to a Paleo lifestyle – one is ‘no grain’, the other is ‘no sugar’, the other is ‘no seed oils or processed oils’. So if you’re really Paleo – no, you don’t do any dairy because you don’t just find dairy in nature; you have to do something with it. You also don’t do legumes or beans potentially because Paleo is also focused on this idea of anti-nutrients. There are some foods which are thought to block the absorption of other nutrients, so you’d avoid things like tomatoes and eggplants. There’s basic Paleo – Paleo 101, which is essentially a SANE lifestyle. It’s ‘avoid grains, sweeteners, and processed seed oils’ which is essentially a SANE lifestyle. SANE lifestyle is going to say ‘more non-starchy vegetables’. Like, you need to go bananas with non-starchy vegetables. But by and large, 99% of the same Paleo lifestyle is awesome! On the more extreme end of the spectrum, a Paleo lifestyle is a very restrictive lifestyle which can be essentially just non-starchy vegetables, fruits, meats, and seafood and nothing else. For a lot of people, that works really, really well. I, personally, my research has shown that low-carbohydrate diets are profoundly beneficial for a lot of people. It’s shown that Paleo diet is profoundly beneficial for a lot of people. So I think there are ways to do low-carb SANE. Like, I think you could do the Atkins diet just saying, “When I’m eating low-carb, I’m going to try to eat the most satisfying, unaggressive, nutritious, and efficient foods possible.” Same thing with Paleo. “I’m going to try to do the same thing with Paleo.” That works just fine. So, those get a thumbs-up from me. They’re very SANE. They’re very supported by science.

The other class of popular diets is not at all supported by me and not at all supported by science and those are things like Weight Watchers or any sort of calorie-counting programs such as Jenny Craig or such as these mail-order programs where you get all your meals in the mail and it’s fundamentally about portion control. These diets are fundamentally predicated on the idea that we need to manually regulate the amount of calories we eat and the amount of calories we burn off and that’s just not the way our body works. You can stretch a rubber band as much as you’d like, but eventually that rubber band is going to snap back. When you eat less of just a traditional diet, you’re essentially stretching your metabolic rubber band and as soon as you stop doing that, you’re going to snap back. So unless you plan on being on Weight Watchers for the rest of your life, it’s not going to work. Unless you plan on eating a 6-inch Subway sub twice a day for the rest of your life, you’re going to end up worse off because those programs do not seek to heal your body. They seek to override and fight against your body and we always lose battles against our bodies. Whereas something like Atkins – the goal of Atkins is to help your body run off of fat rather than running off of carbohydrate. The goal of Paleo is really just to enable your body to eat the foods it was designed to eat. That’s why those diets work. They transform the way your body works. That’s also why SANEity works. They change your body. Whereas things like these calorie-counting programs – they just fight against your body and they don’t work.

Carrie: I’ve often thought that the success of Weight Watchers, even before I met you and learnt all this stuff, that what made Weight Watchers work for people for whom it does work is the public accountability.

Jonathan: Absolutely.

Carrie: It’s having your goals out there. It’s all out there and you have to show up every week and you had better be lighter than you were last week. So there is some goodness there, it’s just not… I think it’s more in the emotional than it is the actual ‘doing anything healthy for your body’.

Jonathan: It’s a great point. Weight Watchers, to their credit – I don’t know if it’s Weight Watchers or one of the other programs – but they are changing. It used to just be – I’m exaggerating – but it’s like eat 1200 calories a day from whatever, I don’t care, you just can’t exceed 1200 calories per day. You can eat 1200 calories of Twinkies and at the support group, they’re like, “Yay! You met your goal.” That’s very much changing. They’re very much moving towards food quality. But you’re exactly right. In terms of the social support which we’ve talked about in previous podcasts, they nail that and I only hope that soon they will catch up to the science and soon they’ll be able to combine that support with actual science and I can only imagine how much more success people will have then.

Carrie: Yeah. You mentioned the Twinkie and it’s just interesting that you mentioned the Twinkie because the Twinkie died last week.

Jonathan: Yeah, yeah, they went out of business, didn’t they? That’s awesome!

Carrie: I have to say, I’m very sad that people are going to be losing their jobs but the Twinkie was not making us healthy, people!

Jonathan: Yeah. A lot of people are employed trafficking drugs, too. I mean, I’d offend some people, but there are some things…. Anyway, there’s a lot of industries that employ people. Not sure that that is a good enough reason to keep those industries around, but anyway, glad to see them go.

Actually, Carrie, the last question let’s cover this week actually has to do with Twinkies. This is not current news. Maybe a year or two ago, there was this college professor who went on the ‘Twinkie diet’ and lost 27 lbs. and what he was trying to illustrate was how you can eat whatever you want; as long as you create a caloric deficit, you’re going to lose weight. Well, there are a couple of things to talk about here. So, I don’t think anyone’s debating and we’ve never said that if you eat 1,000 calories a day that you’re not going to lose weight. Actually what we’ve said is, you are going to lose weight. You’re going to become dehydrated, you’re going to burn off a bunch of muscle tissue, and then you are going to burn off some fat until your body slows down enough to deal with that and then you’re going to maintain that new degraded version of yourself until you stop eating 1,000 calories a day and then you’re going to experience fat super-accumulation and be worse off than you ever were before.

So the question is not ‘is a Twinkie diet effective?’ You could just stop eating. The ‘starvation diet’ is effective, too. Ask anyone who’s been through a famine. They lose weight. The question again, though, is if weight loss and destroying our health is a valid goal and I would argue that it’s not. So, is the Twinkie diet effective? No. It destroys your health and it may make you burn muscle and slow down your metabolism, but you could cut off your leg and you’d lose weight, too, but you don’t see anyone that… Well, maybe! I don’t know. Maybe next year, there will be a ‘cut off your leg’ diet. Who knows? “I lost 30 lbs. in 5 minutes! All it took was this hacksaw!” On that note…..

Carrie: Not that you have strong feelings about any of that!

Jonathan: That was our frequently asked questions for this week. I’m not sure I can top that! I think I’ve sort of left the farm a little bit. I think it’s Carrie’s delicious food. It has changed the way my brain is working.

Carrie: It was that beet.

Jonathan: It was that beet! I have never eaten beets and tarragon before. I think you laced that with something!

Carrie: Spinach!

Jonathan: There you go! Hide some spinach in there. Well, Carrie, do you have any final words?

Carrie: Keep asking the questions. Let us know how we can help.

Jonathan: Absolutely! Jonathan Bailor, Carrie Brown, living the Smarter Science of Slim. Have a great week!

[End of Audio 32:14]


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Monday Dec 17

In its original incarnation, Fallen Angels is a TV series of six half-hour film noir mysteries produced for the Showtime cable network. The stories are set around Los Angeles in the '40s and '50s. This CD of the same title offers a selection of period musical performances used on the TV shows soundtracks. The performances come from the vast archives controlled by Polygram. They're mostly jazz pieces that originally appeared on the Verve, Mercury, Emarcy, and Keynote labels.

The Holly Cole phenomenon is all but inexplicable.  Her modest talents are pleasant enough when presented with evident enthusiasm in a live performance.  So far her recordings have offered little of interest and yet they apparently sell handsomely.

Ron Affif introduces yet another guitarist to the jazz world.  In this case it's a welcome event.  Affif lends an ear for contemporary guitar sound with a feeling for tradition.  He blends and balances the two with considerable grace and skill.

Fantasy is finally beginning to liberate its remarkable reserve of Booker Ervin recordings.  It's understandable that the company has felt no great urgency to get the Ervin back catalog on the market.  The Texas tenor sax titan had relatively few years of active jazz making and he spent many of those in Europe.

Drummer Bobby Battle's first date as leader is a winner on all counts. The Offering delivers superb music, superlative sonics, and superior production.

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Tag Archives: Customer Experience

by Roger Pynn One thing you can look forward to when you die is that you won’t have to read the news.  After all, it is pretty depressing. Ho... Read More »

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The Proof About Proofing

by Roger Pynn We all make mistakes.  My pastor reminded us of that in his sermon on Christmas Eve.  He also reminded us that forgiveness is impor... Read More »

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Do Good. All the Time.

by Ashley Tinstman In the days since the tragedy in Orlando, our city has experienced immense pain, sadness and shock.  But in spite of our grief,... Read More »

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Cracker Jack: It’s All About the Prize

by Heather Keroes When a mysterious benefactor left a basket of Cracker Jack boxes in our break room this morning, I was only too happy to help mys... Read More »

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by Roger Pynn I can remember like it was yesterday sitting in church the night of September 11, 2001.  My heart ached. I will remember the same... Read More »

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Nordstrom /Brass Plum – Free Shipping. Free Returns. All the Time

Brass Plum by Nordstrom

“A fun, flirty hemline takes your everyday dress to the next look-at-me level.”  Hey everyone, if you’re like me and think these hemlines are a fun way to express yourself through fashion you should check these out here:  Juniors. Brass Plum dept at Nordstrom.   I’ve included a couple looks here that I personally like myself.

Both dresses are available at Nordstrom from the Brass Plum dept.
Soprano High/Low Print Chiffon Dress

“Floaty printed chiffon fashions a sweet and chic dress with an abbreviated lining that leaves just a bit of sheerness around the high/low hem.”

Mimi Chica Ti Dye High/Low Dress

A light and lively tie-dye completes an airy dress styled with a sweetheart neckline and a floaty, high/low hemline.
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Sunday, March 22, 2015

Examin Sunday 22 March 2015

The new secular orthodoxy proclaims that faith is a private thing and tries to exclude it from public debate. Yet, as St Paul tells us in Romans, God's law is written in nature and is plain for all to see. Therefore the values that Christians wish to see reflected in society are not some alien construct but plain common sense. We are obliged then to speak out on all occasions; to not to do so is not only to fail to proclaim God's truth, but to fail to share that truth with those who need most to hear it.

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Keep Your Skin Soft With A Fleck Water Softener

If you have hard water, it is likely to be doing a number on your hair and skin. Hard water isn’t good for your plumbing either because it leaves so many deposits. The solution is to install a Fleck water softener which will turn your hard water into soft water.

Keeps Skin Healthy

Soft water is better for your plumbing and better for your skin. It will make your skin softer and it also makes your hair softer. Water softeners remove the minerals and other deposits from your water so they don’t leave deposits on your clothes and your hair.

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Cleaner Dishes

When you start using the best water softener, your dishes will be cleaner because they won’t have any residue anymore. Your appliances will run better and last longer because they are not getting caked with mineral deposits.

If you notice that your towels are hard or it is hard to get a good soapy lather in the shower, you are probably dealing with hard water. Fleck water softeners will make your water soft and usable and they are an affordable solution to your hard water problems. They are made well, with strong heads and reliable parts.

Softer Hair

The filters remove all the minerals and you won’t have to deal with spotting when you wash your dishes and your hair is going to be incredible soft. If you are tired of dealing with all the hassles that go along with hard water, then you need to start using a Fleck water softener right away.

Affordable Price

The pricing is affordable and you will feel great knowing that you don’t have to deal with all those minerals in your water anymore. That filmy feeling that gets on everything will be gone and your skin will even feel softer. If you have dry skin, a water softener is a must.

Schedule An Appointment With A Beaver Creek Massage Therapist

Have you had a stressful day? If so, you might be thinking about all kinds of things that you would rather be doing right now. How does getting a massage sound to you? Beaver Creek massage therapists can help you out with that. They can talk to you about all the different kinds of massages that are available. You can then choose which one you want and go from there.

Get Help in Multiple Ways

Is this massage for leisure, or is it to help you deal with some kind of pain that you are experiencing? Massages can certainly help you out in many different ways. Some massages are more hands on than others. Again, a massage therapist will talk to you about your options and tell you which types of massages are best for your skin and body. It might be that you decide to opt for more than one.

Gravity Spa

Opt A Day Spa

Will this be the first time that you had a massage? Maybe you’ve had one from someone who isn’t a professional, and so this experience will definitely be a first. It does matter which clinic you choose. You can also opt for a day spa. A simple search of your local area will tell you what options you have. In this case, it will be a be a Beaver Creek massage therapist that is going to be catering to your needs.

Massage in Beaver Creek

How many massage therapy clinics are in Beaver Creek? You might be surprised to find out how many options you truly have. Once you find the right massage therapist, you will be in good hands, pardon the pun. If it were me, I would want to go for a Swedish massage first. But it does truly depend upon what you need. You can consult with a therapist, talk about prices and schedule that first appointment for a relaxing massage.

Visit to book an appointment with Gravity Spa in Beaver Creek, OH.

Can You Use A Pain Patch While You’re Pregnant

Being pregnant is one of the most bittersweet things you will ever experience. On the one hand, it’s amazing to grow your child inside of you. On the other hand, the pains that come with pregnancy can become overbearing. You may be thinking that pain patches are an option for relief. They certainly can be; but there are some things you’ll want to consider before getting one:

Does Your Doctor OK The Treatment?

Every decision that you make now can affect the long-term health of your baby. Before using something like a pain patch, consult your neonatal physician. They’ll be able to tell you if pain patches are right for you, and what brands will work if so. It’s better to be safe than sorry.

Does The Brand Use Dangerous Chemicals?

Once you are cleared to use a pain patch, take some time to actually read the ingredients used. The last thing you want to do is to mess around with chemicals that could be harmful to you or your baby. There are good options out there that are chemical free, so make sure you spend some time looking into those.

Do You Have A Way To Apply The Patches?

Back pain is very common in pregnant women, and reaching back there to apply a pain patch can be difficult in the best of times. Make sure you have a good support system set up. This will ensure that there is always someone nearby that can help you get relief.

The pain is annoying right now; but it will all be worth it when your baby boy or girl enters the world. In the meantime, give pain patches some serious thought. They could be just the thing you need for long-term relief. Looking for a pain patch? Visit and order online now!

Finding The Best Beard Grooming Shop In Melbourne

If you have been trying to grow a beard, yet you are frustrated with the time that it takes to carefully shape and groom it, you should never give up. Just as you would go to a barber to get a great haircut or a close shave, you can find a good beard grooming shop in Melbourne that will set you up with the professional services that your beard needs to look and feel great at all times. Before you know it, you will be enjoying each one of your beard grooming visits and learning all about what you can do on your own at home to take care of your beard in between your visits.

Beard Care Shop

Big Beard

Are you looking for a big beard? Any master groomer at a Melbourne shop will tell you not to touch it for a while. You will need to grow your beard to become just as big as you want it and then you can set up a time to get the grooming done to shape it perfectly. When you stop to think about it, this is almost like shaping hedges and waiting to call a gardener in at the right time.

Trimming Tools

While you may think that a few products and a good trimming tool could be the answers you are looking for, you should know that there is a level of skill that comes with a professional at a beard grooming shop in Melbourne. These are experts that know all about what it takes to not only grow a beard, but to also groom it to perfection and then apply the right products to keep it looking great. You can also find good quality beard trimming tools on online sale and start trimming your beard the way you want.

If you are a beard lover and growing one of our own, you will find tremendous benefits from going with a beard grooming shop in the Melbourne area.

The Importance Of Facial Exfoliation

If you’re unhappy with the appearance of your skin, it may be time to establish a good exfoliating regimen.

Remove Dead Skin Cells

Too often, exfoliating is the forgotten step in skincare, but it is essential to healthy, glowing skin. You may remember to cleanse and moisturize your skin, or protect it with sunscreen, but if you aren’t exfoliating as well, you’re doing your skin a disservice.

Exfoliation is removing the dead skin cells clinging to the surface of your skin. This can be achieved by using chemical peels, abrasive scrubs, or scrubs that contain special skin-safe acids that will gently dissolve and remove the dead skin cells, without the need for scrubbing.

Prevents Blemishes in Older Age

It’s important for everyone to exfoliate sometimes, but as you age it’s even more important. That’s because our cell regeneration process slows down as we age, meaning that we don’t shed skin cells or grow new ones as quickly. Old skin cells may start to “pile up,” resulting in clogged pores, excess oil, and blemishes.

Healthy Skin

By maintaining a proper facial exfoliation regimen, you’ll be removing the old cells that have created a barrier on your skin, uncovering the fresh skin cells below. Your moisturizers will be able to penetrate better and function more effectively, helping your skin to look younger, fresher, and healthier.

Determine the Best Suited Exfoliation Method for You

The best type of exfoliation for you is dependent on your own skin, its health, and its level of sensitivity. Those with severe acne or very sensitive skin will want an appropriate and gentle method of exfoliation, which may be best determined by your dermatologist.

The average skin type can benefit from manual exfoliation once a week, with occasional chemical exfoliation for best results. Avoid manual exfoliating scrubs that contain jagged particles that could harm the skin. Instead, stick with a scrub that has smooth, round granules. Most commonly used exfoliation method is using an exfoliating glove. You can select the best quality Exfoliating mitts for better skin and better exfoliation process.

By adding regular facial exfoliation to your skincare routine, you’ll improve the look of your skin and keep it in peak condition.

What Is The Best Pain Patch For Back Pain Available Today?

If you have back pain from the job that you are doing, you may need to get a pain patch that you can apply. Many people experience lower back pain if they are on a job where they are lifting items every day, or if they are sitting for extended periods of time. These pain patches will use some type of analgesic that can be absorbed directly into the skin. They may also have ingredients that will add heat that can help loosen up your muscles that are causing the discomfort. Here is how you can find the best pain patch that is currently available for back pain today.

Stamnia Pro

How Do These Pain Patches Work?

These Pain Patches are very unique because they will use anti-inflammatory drugs that are nonsteroidal. NSAID drugs are very popular for this purpose, and when used on a patch, they go directly to the source of the pain. Some of the top ones that you have probably heard of include BenGay which has been sold for decades, and there are many other sports creams. If you would like to test some of these out, you can actually get them for discounted prices on Amazon, or simply go down to your local Walgreens or Target, and choose one that is highly recommended.

What Is The Best Pain Patch For Back Pain That Is Sold Today?

One of the best is called the IcyHot pain patch that is sold in most stores today. They are very affordable, priced at under $10. They are designed for not only your back, but they can also help your arms, neck and even your legs. You simply peel the protective layering off, apply it to the source of the pain, and you will start feeling much better. As long as you can find positive reviews for the different ones that are sold, you will be able to choose one that can help your discomfort.

Visit Luminas on Reddit!

Sports Performance And Recovery Patches Are Supposed To Soothe Those Aching Muscles

When it comes to playing sports, athletes are often in recovery mode. They may or may not be recovering from actual physical injuries, but they have aches and pains from playing hard. If you are an athlete, what do you use for those aches and pains? You can use active recovery patches to help you. Have you heard of these patches available from Stamina Pro? They are supposed to be helpful and possibly something new to try that you haven’t used before.

Stamnia Pro

Use Against Physical Pain and Discomfort

As an athlete, you certainly have a choice. As a matter of fact, even if you just play sports from time to time or just have physical pain and discomfort from other situations where you have been physically active, you can use these patches to help. There are other things that athletes also do, such as getting sports massages. There are also ointments and creams that athletes can use for inflammation and all kinds of different ailments.

More Beneficial than Other Pain Treatments

So what makes these Staminapro athletic patch so different and also beneficial? You are going to want to compare how these patches work with how other treatments for your aches and pains work as well. It could be there is a combination of treatments in which these patches also work out for you. Would you like to know more information about the sports performance patches?

Also Know About How They Work

It is a good idea to find out not just the benefits of using the patches, but also how they work. How quickly do they start working for you? You’re going to want to know that if you are feeling aches and pains from playing sports. Are they easy enough to use, and can you buy them in bulk? With all that physical activity you are going to get, you might want a large supply.

The Benefits Of Using Exfoliating Gloves Every Day

Over time, your skin can become dull looking as dead skin cells build up on the surface. One way to deal with this problem is through regular exfoliation. Using exfoliating gloves every day can help you get rid of dead skin cells, leaving your skin healthy and fresh looking.

There are a number of benefits associated with regular skin exfoliation. For one thing, removing dead skin cells can help prevent clogged pores and ingrown hairs. This can reduce problems with acne or unsightly skin bumps.

about face skin care

Make Your Pores Look Smaller

Exfoliation can also help your pores look smaller. When your pores are clogged with oil, they tend to look bigger. By using exfoliating gloves, you can remove the dirt and oil, clearing out the pores and allowing them to appear much smaller in size. This can result in smoother looking skin.

Reduced Wrinkles

Exfoliating your skin can also help reduce the appearance of wrinkles. Large accumulations of dead skin cells can leave your skin dry and lackluster. This can make any fine lines or wrinkles that you have appear more prominent. When you exfoliate your skin, however, the dead skin cells are removed and your skin becomes much fresher and more supple. This can minimize the look of wrinkles, helping you to look younger.

Eliminate Dead Skin

Exfoliating gloves are a convenient way to exfoliate your skin. Instead of having to rely on scrubs or other commercial products, you can simply put your gloves on and gently rubbed them over your skin to remove dead skin cells.

Using exfoliating gloves every day is a great way to keep your skin healthy and beautiful looking. By gently scrubbing away dead skin cells, the process of exfoliation can reveal fresh, clear skin that is much more attractive and younger looking. These gloves can also help minimize problems with acne, clogged pores, or ingrown hairs.

Visit and buy a perfect pair of exfoliating gloves at best price.

Tips For A Younger Looking Complexion

How to Remove Dead Skin for a Younger Looking Complexion

Skin regenerates itself about every 30 days. The top layers are replaced by healthy, new layers of the epidermis. Old skin cells can clog skin and make it look older, drier and can cause breakouts.

Help your skin look younger and brighter by exfoliating regularly. This is the best way to help remove dead skin. Start from the inside out by drinking plenty of water.

How To Exfoliate

Use an exfoliating cleanser once a week. This is a cleanser that contains abrasive elements to get rid of dead cells. You can add to this by using an exfoliating mitt but be careful.

You want to use enough of an abrasive to get rid of the dead cells but you do not want to irritate your skin. After you do an exfoliation, be sure to apply plenty of moisturizers. For day wear, also wear an SPF. The sun can age skin faster than anything.

Best Products

Choose the best exfoliation cleanser for your skin whether it is oily, dry or normal. You can check to make sure you are getting an ideal exfoliator by reading the label or by going online to find suggestions for exfoliators. Foaming cleansers are ideal for sensitive skin. Sugar scrubs are better for dry, non-sensitive skin.

Look for products that include AHAs. These target the top layers of the skin and are water soluble. This means that they will dissolve in water when you use the product to clean and exfoliate your skin.

Develop A Routine

You will eventually get used to how often your skin needs to be exfoliated. You might need to use a cleanser and exfoliator more often than once a week. Start by using the product with your fingers or an exfoliating glove once a week to see the results that you get and adjust your use from there.


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It also can go as casual for weekly poker night or a birthday party for a card shark. Foil Gold Bar Favor Boxes.

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Sunday School Bonanza – The Priesthood – Quick Gospel Doctrine Review

Puh-lease subscribe in iTunes or grab the feed!

sundayschooldandcThe Restoration of the Priesthood

  • Why is the priesthood important?
  • What are the differences between the Aaronic Priesthood and the Melchizedek Priesthood?
  • How did Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery wind up receiving the restored priesthood?
  • How can the priesthood benefit us today?
  • Teacher’s manual
  • Student manual


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Thompson Industrial Services is an established and proven leader in the industrial cleaning business. We are strategically located throughout the Eastern United States. Few companies can match our quality, safety, integrity and diversity. We perform industrial cleaning in industries such as paper mills, steel mills, nuclear plants, manufacturing, refineries, automotive, power plants and chemical plants.

If you would like to apply for a job with Thompson Industrial Services, please click on the state in which you wish to work and begin the online application process:

Crew Leader-Valero,Memphis, TN Location

Location: Memphis, TN

Thompson Industrial Services

Hiring Now: Site Crew Leader for Memphis, TN

  • Requires 2 years' refinery experience
  • Available 7:00-3:30pm with Call Out Work
  • Must pass hair follicle test and background
  • Hold a current TWIC
  • Support, train and monitor crew
  • Overnight travel required
  • Ability to communicate and lead effectively
  • Must have valid driver's license and good driving record
  • Benefits: Medical, Dental, Vision, Holidays, Vacation, 401K, LIfe

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Underwater Gowns - The Crater Midway, Utah ~ Thread Ethic | Modest Fashion

Tuesday, November 18, 2014

Underwater Gowns - The Crater Midway, Utah

We just released our newest video (as a part of our work with The 5 Browns) and people have wondered about the gowns featured. A little back story...we initially ordered completely different dresses. Since we knew these gowns would be fairly trashed after filming underwater for hours on end, we decided to order non-designer gowns from out of the country to take the beating. Well surprise, surprise, even though we ordered them with a month to spare, they didn't arrive. We got the news 5 days before the shoot. What to do?

As many of you know, we have aspired to start a modest evening wear collection (hence the creation of the modest blog) for a while now.  But our day jobs have kept us so busy that this has been an impossibility. Well with 5 days to spare, and this thought in the back of our minds, we took to our sewing machines. The end result are the gowns above. We knew there had to be lots and lots of length (endless chiffon and tulle yardage) and of course, modesty was again, our top priority.

In a sense, this is where we hope to start in designing evening wear, inspired by endless fashion muses.

You can watch the video here...

  1. Wow, they are beautiful :-) I'm glad you're back, I missed your blog!

  2. The gowns are really very stylish and the colors are beautiful. And its really appreciating that these are designed only in 5 days.

  3. So Pretty!
    it's a great post!!