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Thriving Mortgage Firm Taps Industry Veteran for Key Company Position

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Greg Ettinger, a seasoned mortgaging veteran, was selected as Marketplace Home Mortgage’s Chief Development officer.

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“At the end of the day, providing housing and helping people be a part of the American dream is pretty rewarding,”

A major force in the mortgage industry announced today the addition of a new member who is sure to bolster the firm’s already-dynamic leadership team.

Marketplace Home Mortgage (MHM) has tapped seasoned industry veteran Greg Ettinger for its Chief Development Officer position. Company leaders say they are confident that Ettinger’s extensive experience, combined with his genuine passion for his work, will help ensure the company maintains its high standards while pursuing the rapid growth it has become known for.

Ettinger joins the MHM family from Tradition Mortgage LLC, where he served as the Vice President of Production and Business Development. He will be a key employee at MHM as he oversees its sales, marketing and business development initiatives.

Ettinger brings with him a great deal of experience in mortgaging and big plans for the future of MHM, which marked 20 years this month.

MHM, as an independent mortgage company, is well positioned to rapidly take advantage of market opportunities as the mortgage industry continues to digest continued consolidation and regulatory issues.

“This is just a tremendous opportunity to capture market share and develop our relationships with current and future partners,” Ettinger said.

Equipped with a Bachelor’s degree in Business Administration from the University of Iowa, Ettinger has spent his career working in many of the positions he will now oversee at MHM, poising him to make the critical decisions required of him as Chief Development Officer.

CEO Keith White, who has long admired Ettinger’s work, sees him as a perfect fit for a company whose focus continues to be expanding without sacrificing quality.

“We are fortunate to have procured his leadership, experience and drive to help us obtain our objectives in the years to come,” White said.

Ettinger recognized that MHM continues to be an important force in an industry where few survive. He says the company’s success is derived largely from the personalized experience it provides to its customers.

“The joy you get out of being in this industry is seeing the look on a customer’s face when you tell them that they can afford their dream home,” Ettinger said. “That’s what makes this a special industry.”

One of the most significant challenges Ettinger says he will face is helping MHM cater to the seemingly fickle millennial generation, which hasn’t entered the market as quickly as was once predicted.

But such hurdles excite Ettinger, who says he looks forward to learning about the needs of homeowners as the market continues to change.

“At the end of the day, providing housing and helping people be a part of the American dream is pretty rewarding,” he said.

MHM is flourishing at a time when its competitors are hesitating. Today, the company has a presence in Wisconsin, Florida, Nebraska and its home state of Minnesota, and soon to open in South Dakota, Colorado, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire.

“As a company, we have never shied away from helping homeowners achieve what they need, when they need it,” White said. “We’ve always been able to find a way to take a challenge and make it into a huge benefit.”

About Marketplace Home Mortgage:
Celebrating its 20th anniversary of providing start-to-finish mortgage services to real estate professionals, builders and individual homebuyers, Marketplace Home Mortgage has built its reputation on competitive terms, and swift and accurate processing with no surprises. Each step is carried out by our experienced and highly trained staff who embrace the highest ethical standards under absolute transparency. Marketplace Home Mortgage is based in the Twin Cities of Minnesota, with offices in southwest Florida; Duluth, Minn.; Omaha, Neb.; and recently expanded operations in Milwaukee and Green Bay, Wis. Learn more at, or on Facebook or Twitter. Reporters and Editors to schedule an interview with a mortgage expert in your market contact Robb Leer 612.701.0608 or robbl(at)leercommunication(dot)com.

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Oildex Names as Finalist in 2016 Stevie Awards for Sales & Customer Service

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Oildex was named as a finalist in both the Sales Distinction and Customer Service categories of the 10th annual Stevie® Awards.

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Oildex was named as a finalist in both the Sales Distinction and Customer Service categories of the 10th annual Stevie® Awards, and will ultimately receive Gold, Silver, or Bronze recognitions. Last year, Oildex was given the Bronze Stevie Award for Superior Customer Service.

This year, Oildex competed against over 2,100 nominations from organizations of all sizes and industries. Finalists were determined by the average score of 115 professionals worldwide. Entries were considered in in over 100 categories.

As a finalist in the Sales Distinction category, Oildex is recognized for becoming the market leader in financial supply chain automation for the oil and gas industry in 2015. With the acquisition of ADP’s P2P business and its OpenInvoice product, Oildex saw rapid growth through competitive displacement.

As a finalist in the Customer Service category, Oildex is recognized for its continued excellence in customer care, especially during the acquisition of ADP’s OpenInvoice. To ensure there was no disruption to product and service delivery, Oildex implemented a careful plan to not only meet but exceed overall customer experience. From account optimization teams to an enhanced Network Operations Center, Oildex is delivering world-class service to their customers.

"Oildex is sincerely honored to be recognized as a Stevie Award finalist in both categories," says Richard Slack, president and CEO of Oildex. "With the acquisition of OpenInvoice, we became the market leader with an unparalleled product portfolio to manage complex financial supply chains and support financial documents and transactions."

The awards are presented by the Stevie Awards, which organizes several of the world’s leading business awards shows including the prestigious International Business Awards and American Business Awards. The final results will be announced during a gala banquet on Friday, March 4 at the Paris Las Vegas Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada. Finalists from the U.S.A. and several other nations are expected to attend.

More than 60 members of several specialized judging committees will determine the Gold, Silver and Bronze Stevie Award placements from among the Finalists during final judging, to begin January 25.

Details about the Stevie Awards for Sales & Customer Service including the list of finalists are available at http://www.stevieawards.com/sales.

About Oildex
Oildex transforms the way oil and gas companies manage their financial operations. As the market leader and innovator of cloud-based solutions for oil and gas financial supply chain automation, Oildex provides functionality that is built for the industry, eliminates paper-based processes, and provides analytics for greater financial insight. The Oildex technology platform includes: digital and scanned invoice processing (SpendworksTM and OpenInvoiceTM), owner relations web portals (Owner Relations), royalty check stub detail and reporting (CDEX), joint interest bill processing (JIB), crude oil data exchange (CODE), gas plant document exchange (GPEX), production and sales volume reporting and much more. Oildex is a privately held company backed by Accel-KKR and is headquartered in Denver, Colorado with offices in Houston, TX and Calgary, Canada.

About the Stevie Awards
The Stevie Awards are conferred in six programs: The American Business Awards, the German Stevie Awards, The International Business Awards, the Stevie Awards for Women in Business, the Stevie Awards for Sales & Customer Service, and the Asia-Pacific Stevie Awards. Honoring organizations of all types and sizes and the people behind them, the Stevies recognize outstanding performances in the workplace worldwide. Learn more about the Stevie Awards at http://www.StevieAwards.com, and follow the Stevie Awards on Twitter @TheStevieAwards.

Sponsors of the 10th annual Stevie Awards for Sales & Customer Service include Sales Partnerships and ValueSelling Associates.

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Sony Associate Producer Michael Pulst confirmed alongside a video trailer today that Murasaki Baby for PlayStation Vita is coming to North America.

Below are the details, to quote: HI there everyone!

Last summer at Gamescom we debuted the new, exclusive PS Vita game Murasaki Baby, from new Italian indie development team Ovosonico, and announced that it was coming to European markets this year. Today, we're excited to share that it's officially coming to North America later this year too!

In the game, Baby wakes up in a dream world, envisioned by a child's fantastical imagination and populated by weird and wonderful characters.

In her hand is a purple heart-shaped balloon. She has lost her mommy, and it's the player's role to be her guardian. Take her hand, and guide her on a fantastic journey through the nightmarish land.

As you travel through the dream world, you will encounter many situations that will require lateral thinking to navigate. Using PS Vita's rear touch pad, you can switch the mood of the game from serene green fields to a scary hellish world. It's up to you to figure out how to use the tools at your disposal to keep Baby safe and navigate through the story.

We have more to share in the future - stay tuned for new updates here on PlayStation.Blog or on the official site.

For those of you attending IndieCade East on February 14-16, feel free to drop by and get a taste of the game at the PlayStation booth!

More PlayStation Vita News...


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Most people will recover from traumatic events like emergencies and disasters without professional intervention. However, some are likely to need additional support to help them cope. A small minority of people (10-20%) are at risk of developing significant mental health conditions and will require specialised mental health care. Decisions regarding the level and timing of this care require careful clinical judgment, with the recognition that formal intervention may not be appropriate until sometime after the event. In the interim, appropriate support and advice, along with careful monitoring, is usually indicated.

It is important to consider the different levels of psychosocial support that can be offered to people affected by disasters, depending on their different needs.

It is vital that psychosocial support is coordinated and integrated with other recovery efforts. It is also important to recognise the impact that disasters can have on the social cohesion of communities. It is not unusual to see strong rifts occurring within previously close-knit communities, as powerful emotions (notably anger) generated by the disaster are directed at friends and neighbours. Health providers need to understand these systemic issues and support the community in helping itself through the recovery process.

Expand or collapse this section

Population level support for common distress responses

Following a disaster, many people may experience concerns about various outcomes. These people are not experiencing mental health problems, but may be worried about practical issues, or require simple guidance on topics like talking with children about the disaster, or supporting friends and family members who have been affected by the disaster. Others may have quite significant distress which will respond to support, reassurance and problem solving.

Effective means of providing this care exist as part of most state and territory responses, such as the provision of psychological first aid (PFA), the Red Cross personal support program and the Victorian Bushfire Case Management Service (VBCMS).

Common responses after disasters

People who are involved in an emergency or disaster can have a range of emotional, cognitive (thinking), physical (health) and behavioural reactions to the events.

  • Emotional reactions may include shock, distress, grief, anger, anxiety and depression
  • Cognitive reactions may include unpleasant memories, poor concentration and difficulty making decisions
  • Physical reactions may include feeling tense and on edge, as well sleep disturbance, stomach upsets, and general aches and pains
  • Behavioural reactions may include irritability, loss of interest in activities, and wanting to be alone.

For most people, these reactions are relatively mild and reduce over the initial days and weeks with the support of family and friends.

Self-help resources

There are several things that people can do to look after themselves and promote recovery from a traumatic event or situation. People can watch how they are responding and increase the coping strategies that have worked for them in other stressful situations. There are many self-help resources available online.

Community recovery

Disasters have a community-wide significance and, depending on the extent of the disaster, the whole community may go through a protracted process of recovery.

A key task in recovery is to re-establish a social infrastructure within which assistance can be provided. Often this will take the form of dispelling myths and rumours, and encouraging effective communication (for example, through newsletters, local media, public meetings etc.). It will also take the form of encouraging activities that will bring the community together in a positive and collaborative way (for example, sporting events, BBQs, markets and fetes). These activities will help to stop the community splitting as a result of their individual disaster experiences.

Support groups

For some people, groups are good places to get some support with dealing with the psychosocial impact of a disaster. Following disasters, groups are often established around specific issues like bereavement, or for particular target groups such as youths or men. These peer support groups bring together people in similar situations and are a way of people being able to share knowledge, experience, and/or emotional, social or practical help with each other.

Helping children who have been affected by disasters

After a traumatic event, children need comfort, reassurance and support. Children are not always able to express complex feelings in the same direct way that adults do and therefore often do not show the same reactions to stress as adults. It is important to look out for changes in children's behaviour that suggest they are unsettled or distressed.

Peer support in disaster recovery

After a disaster, many organizations who work in emergency response will use peer support programs to support staff during periods of high stress. These programs are becoming increasingly popular.

Expand or collapse this section

Moderate distress

A significant proportion of people will experience worry, distress, sadness, insomnia, anger or other psychological well-being issues after a disaster. This level of distress will be more common than formal diagnosable mental disorders. This level of need can be addressed by providing basic strategies aimed at assisting people to manage the common reactions following disaster.

Supportive counselling can be useful for people who are dealing with distressing symptoms, or problems like relationship difficulties, family functioning, coping strategies, grief and loss. People are more likely to access formal services when they are linked to informal, flexible, community-based, outreach-oriented initiatives and activities.

Counselling is available through a variety of public and private organisations and practitioners.

Skills for Psychological Recovery

An evidence-informed model called Skills for Psychological Recovery (SPR) has been developed to facilitate the recovery of people affected by recent disasters. Rather than a formal mental health treatment, SPR is an intermediate, secondary prevention model designed to teach people basic skills. For many people it will be enough. If SPR doesn't help to alleviate distress as effectively as is needed, it is appropriate to refer for more intensive mental health intervention. Additionally, if serious issues are revealed in the initial assessment, immediate referral is required.

Core components of SPR

  • Gathering information and prioritising assistance
    Identify clients' most pressing needs and concerns, and instances when referral is necessary.
  • Building problem-solving skills
    Teach clients to break down problems into more manageable chunks, consider a range of ways of responding and choose the best actions to take.
  • Promoting positive activities
    Encourage people to plan and participate in positive, meaningful activities to help improve mood and regain a sense of control and normalcy.
  • Managing reactions
    Teach calming skills, ways to put thoughts and feelings into words, and techniques to manage reactions to triggers or reminders of the disaster.
  • Promoting helpful thinking
    Help people understand how thoughts influence their emotions, and how to replace their unhelpful thoughts with more helpful thoughts.
  • Rebuilding healthy social connections
    Help people identify supportive individuals and groups in their network, then create a social support plan to access and/or offer support.

Mental health and primary care resources

These guidelines were designed to assist general practitioners and health professionals working in primary care after the disaster of the 2009 Victorian bushfires. They are relevant to other natural disasters where people are exposed to life-threatening stressors and losses.

These guidelines were produced by the National Mental Health Disaster Response Committee and Taskforce, Disaster Medicine, University of Western Sydney, and the Australian Child and Adolescent Trauma, Loss and Grief Network.

Community health services

Intake services offer counselling plus a range of allied health services. Community health services are aware of the local services available and the role each local government and non-government organisation plays, making it an ideal first point of contact for counselling. Intake officers are trained in assessing the need to refer on to specialist mental health services where appropriate.

Crisis help lines

Parentline: 13 22 89

Griefline: 03 9935 7400 (noon to 3am)

Lifeline: 13 11 14

SuicideLine: 1300 651 251 (Victoria only)

Mensline: 1300 789978

Rural Support Line: 1300 655 969

beyondblue: 1300 22 4636

Kids Help Line: 1800 551 800

Crisis Assessment and Treatment (CAT): Contact details of CAT teams providing intensive treatment of mental illness are accessible by phoning the nearest local hospital.

Grief and loss counselling

For a variety of reasons, some grieving people may feel the need to seek professional help in the form of counselling. People who are grieving may need to talk about their story over and over again and may not want to rely just on family and friends to provide the support. Counselling can provide a supportive, safe and accepting environment that can help a person to grieve and receive support.

Stepped care for children who have been affected by disasters

For the majority of children, distress and social and emotional reactions will start to reduce. For some, however, general distress, fears and anxiety, grief, feelings of loss of control and increased uncertainty, and heightened emotional arousal can persist. Whilst these distressing reactions may not be clinically significant problems like PTSD or depression, these children may benefit from additional support to manage and reduce this distress. Stepped care is an approach of providing different forms of assistance that are sequenced and start at more basic community, school and large group-focused levels, and move progressively to those that are more intensive and family and individually focused.

Post-disaster school resources

Teachers are in a unique position to identify children who are experiencing difficulties following a natural disaster because of their role, expertise, and extended contact with children. Teachers need to be able to identify emotional and behavioural difficulties in their students following a traumatic event, as well as be well informed about what they can do to prevent the likelihood of children developing long-term adverse reactions.

Find a general practitioner

General practitioners are a common starting place for people seeking consultation with a counsellor or allied health professional. GPs have information about local allied health professionals.

Expand or collapse this section

Significant mental health problems

A significant minority of survivors will develop a diagnosable mental disorder, most commonly posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, complicated grief, anxiety or substance abuse. Proper clinical assessment is required before treatment.

Major mental health problems that can develop following trauma

The most common mental health problems that can emerge after a traumatic experience are:

  • posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
  • major depression
  • complicated grief
  • panic disorder
  • anxiety disorders
  • substance use disorders
  • psychosomatic complaints.

Other problems include the exacerbation of pre-existing mental health problems and increased vulnerability to the development of other mental health problems.

Referral to specialist mental health professional

Specialist help from a psychologist, psychiatrist or other mental health professional may be needed if a person experiences significant distress that does not settle, if the symptoms interfere with his/her ability to relate to loved ones, or if the symptoms interfere with his/her ability to carry out his/her normal role. Specific things to look for are if someone:

  • still feels upset or fearful most of the time
  • exhibits changed behaviour compared to before the trauma
  • has difficulty with normal activities
  • has worsening relationship issues
  • displays substance overuse
  • feels jumpy or has disturbed sleep
  • keeps dwelling on the event
  • seems unable to enjoy life and appears numb or withdrawn.

Public mental health services

Every state and territory has public mental health services for children, adolescents, adults and older people. Services are provided through community mental health units, hospitals and community health centres.

Useful interventions for mental health problems after disaster

The treatment approaches for common disorders should be based on the available scientific evidence, as well as the individual practitioner's experience in managing these conditions following disaster and trauma. Interventions typically include psychoeducation, arousal management and distress tolerance, exposure therapy, cognitive therapy, and scheduling activities. Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines are available for most of the common disorders.

Psychological trauma in children and youth

Although resilience is the norm, and most children and adolescents do not experience mental health problems in response to a traumatic event, a significant minority will develop a diagnosable mental disorder. The most common disorders are PTSD and other anxiety disorders, depression, and complicated grief. These disorders may have chronic courses if untreated and increase risk for the development of other psychiatric disorders. Fortunately, there is a reasonable evidence base for treating these disorders in children and adolescents (although much more research is needed).


text:
New Flash Write Routine

A catchall for PSoC Mixed-Signal Array (microcontroller) discussions not captured by the other forums.

Moderator: ericb

Postby lkml » Mon Mar 17, 2008 11:22 pm

BTW I want to use the flash checksum SSC, but could not find documentation on how to call it via C function calls.

I saw you have the flash write function implemented on 29866.
I think it should be similiar, but not sure about the details.

thanks for your help.

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Postby lkml » Tue Mar 18, 2008 11:59 pm

I was using the flashreadBlock function to read the internal program flash but found a very strange problem

My application needs to check if there is any change to the program itself peridoically and signal an error if it is. So I need to read the whole flash and do a crc over the first 511 pages and compare the result to a byte stored in the last page.

I tried to read a few page to test and found a very strange thing

I use a loop to read the first 4 pages into a buffer which is 256 bytes.

for(k = 0; k <= 3; k++)
i= k << 6;
j = (k)*64;

FlashReadBlock((char*)&Buffer[i], j, 64);

Now if the i,j,k are global variables, it works fine. But if those are local variables. the i,j,k would change. and I found that the X register would change while exiting the Flashreadblock function, and looks like ( not 100 % sure ) the image-craft c compiler is using the X register to locate the local variable. So it points to a different location every loops(depending on the content of the stack page).

Can you verify if that is the case?

It seems the writeblock function also exits with the X register modified as well.

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Posts: 26
Joined: Mon Oct 30, 2006 5:05 pm

Postby BitBangerB » Wed Mar 19, 2008 10:44 am

Here is my solution to the reading of flash. It accomplishes 4 goals:

1) Simple and to the point it just reads a byte, leaving the rest of the logic to be implmented in C.
2) It is compatible with both IC and Hi-Tech
3) It deals with absolute adresses instead of blocks.
4) It takes a WORD as an argument, not a pointer. This may be considered bad practice, BUT at the end of the day, I am sure of what I am dealing with: I don't have to worry about whether it is a RAM or ROM pointer or if the value is going to be reduced to byte size.

This is a FASTCALL16 function understood by both Hi-Tech and Imagecraft. Be sure to delcare it as such:
Code: Select all
#pragma fastcall16 flash_read_byte
BYTE flash_read_byte(WORD address);

Here is the code:
Code: Select all
;  FUNCTION NAME: flash_read_byte
;     Reads one byte from flash at the address specified by the
;  WORD value passed in X:A.
;     WORD  - Absolute address of a flash location
;     BYTE in A
    swap  A,X                   ; convert from a word to a pointer
    romx                        ; get the data

Easy as 3.14.

- B
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Location: Arizona

Postby graaja » Wed Mar 19, 2008 8:12 pm

Hello Lawrence,

As I have never used the flashblock API (I use the EEPROM User module instead), I am not sure why this problem is there. If you want only to find the checksum of the complete flash image, then you can use BitBangerB's function (a very convenient one) to read the flash and calculate the checksum.

In some of my bootloader applications where I had to do the same operation of calculating the checksum of user code and compare with a stored checksum, I usually wrote the complete function in assembly.
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MARQ Ray Tracer X Dual Roller Multi-Beam Moving Head LED Light

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Marq Ray Tracer X Dual Roller Multi-Beam Light

Ray Tracer X delivers 8 razor-sharp white beams of light for astonishing aerial effects from a rotating base. Two independently controlled rollers provide infinite and continuous panning. Individual LED control affords completely custom programming and animations, while the built-in programs and movement macros cab create a dynamic lightshow without the need for a separate controller.

  • Stunning moving light array with 2 independently controlled rollers and 8 tight white beams cutting through the air, all on a rotating base
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  • 1/4-turn mounting bracket included faster setup between shows
  • Power Linking enables faster setup with fewer cables
  • DMX channels: 8 or 17
  • DMX connectors: 3-pin DMX in/out
  • Pan ranges: 0° - 630°
  • Tilt ranges: 0° - 150°
  • Light source: 8 X 10W CREE White high power LED lamps
  • Strobe rate: 0 - 10 Hz
  • Beam angle: 5°
  • Power linking: 4 units
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Governor to run for reelection

Governor Jerry Brown seems to enjoy breaking records. In 1975, he became the youngest person to lead the Golden State, and after three failed runs for the presidency and two terms as Oakland’s mayor, Mr. Brown returned to the job in 2011 as the oldest governor. With the start of his campaign last Thursday for an unprecedented fourth term—a victory that seems all but guaranteed—he could break another record: if he wins, he will become the state’s longest-serving governor. “I’ve lived here my whole life,” Mr. Brown said in a statement. “I love this state and I will do my utmost to enable California to keep faith with its past and pave the way for a future as bold as our forebears would expect.” With a self-described “insider’s knowledge but an outsider’s mind,” the 75-year-old Democrat has earned a reputation as an eccentric yet pragmatic statesman who has shown his preference for efficiency over ideology in his leadership on the budget, public employee pension reform and immigrant rights. Mr. Brown’s announcement was not unexpected: he has already accumulated $17 million in campaign cash for a race against two little-known Republicans. Neel Kashkari, a former United States Treasury official who lives in Orange County, criticized the governor for neglecting jobs and education while he “focused on a $67 billion vanity project,” the “crazy train.” Assemblyman Tim Donnelly is also seeking Mr. Brown’s job. A resident of the San Bernardino Mountains, he is a “patriot,” “liberty lover” and founder of California’s largest Minuteman chapter, which aims to secure the border. “Any bill sent to my desk growing government and regulations will be stamped with a big fat veto,” Mr. Donnelly said in a statement. In the last election against Republican challenger Meg Whitman, Mr. Brown won by a 42-point margin in Marin County. In last week’s campaign kick-off, Mr. Brown stressed environmental stewardship, citing climate change and the drought as examples of the dire need to invest in renewable resources, high-speed rail and electric and low-emission vehicles, as well as to create sustainable water policies.


text:
House of Commons

The Register of Members' Financial Interests: Part 1
As at 26th August 2014

GYIMAH, Sam (East Surrey)

4. Sponsorships

(a) Donations to my constituency party or association, which have been or will be reported by the party to the Electoral Commission:

Name of donor: Tandridge Club (patrons’ club)

Address of donor: Thatcher’s, Pasterns Road, Limpsfield, Oxted RH8 0RE

Amount of donation or nature and value if donation in kind: Donation to cover the costs of annual newsletter: delivery at £2,673.47 and printing at £1,466; total: £4,139.47

Donor status: unincorporated association

(Registered 24 July 2014)

Prepared 28th August 2014


text:
Select Committee on Education and Employment Minutes of Evidence

Examination of witnesses (Questions 150 - 159)

  150. Paul, Victor and Sajid, you are very welcome. Thank you very much indeed. You have all made a very major contribution, if I may say so, to the New Deal and its development so far. You know that we are embarked on this rather brisk look at the evaluations of the New Deal; and there have been many. One of its qualities as a programme is the extent to which it is being evaluated. How much do you think the apparent decline in youth unemployment since the introduction of the New Deal is as a result of the effects of the New Deal for Young People and how much as a result of other factors, for example the general improvement in economic performance in the early 1990s?
  (Mr Adebowale) Obviously the economic improvement must have an effect. Centrepoint's position has always been that the issue of New Deal is whether it had an impact on those young people who did not have the skills or attitudes or aptitudes or indeed were discriminated against within the employment market, particularly young homeless people. The New Deal Task Force commissioned some research—I cannot remember but I think it might have been by KPMG—but a lot of work done to show that in fact the successes in New Deal would have happened regardless of the improvements in the economy. Centrepoint's position is that the success of New Deal in getting young people, who have some skills but maybe lack motivation or clear routes into employment, into employment is clearly there. The 250,000 are there. However, as New Deal is successful with that client group, that group of young people, we are now hitting that group of young people who have particular problems and the longer New Deal goes on, the more we are in effect—not the right term—scraping the barrel and finding people with housing problems, mental health problems, drug problems, who are having real difficulty accessing the programme.
  (Mr Convery) The reduction in youth unemployment, certainly in the last three and a half years, has been very dramatic. It is down by some 70 per cent; the Jobseekers' Allowance (JSA) count. I do not think it is true to say you can either have economic growth producing jobs or a programme like New Deal producing jobs. Ideally you have the two together. You have taken evidence from the National Institute for Economic and Social Research (NIESR), but their evidence suggests that only a small number of net additional jobs has been created in the economy. However, it was never the intention of New Deal to stimulate new jobs. The fact that according to NIESR there are something in the order of 15,000 extra jobs filled by young people is an additional benefit. It was not the design of New Deal to create 250,000 jobs. There is, however, it is fair to say, a register effect from New Deal itself. If one were to take a snapshot of the current JSA count, you could say that some 28,300 young people who are presently on New Deal would otherwise be on the JSA count itself. That at present is the full extent of its register impact. The great advantages both to the economy and to the individuals is that even those young people who have jobs they may well have got into anyway, have got into jobs where the match has been much more effective, where what the employer requires and what the young person can offer are better matched and where the likelihood is that they have stuck out at those jobs, they have sustained those jobs for substantially longer than if New Deal had not been there applying this improvement to their employability and making the match into work more effective.
  (Mr Butt) I agree with much of what Mr Adebowale and Mr Convery have already said except for the fact that prior to New Deal there had been a legacy of mistrust between black and ethnic minority communities and the nature of labour market programmes in place at the time. New Deal, with its ethos in terms of tapping the long-term unemployment skills deficit and actually having a one-to-one approach is something which did raise aspirations. For that reason, it has had more success than it would otherwise.

  151. Do you think that the socially excluded groups such as the homeless and those from ethnic minorities have experienced the same overall decline in youth unemployment as nationally and generally?
  (Mr Adebowale) There is evidence to suggest that New Deal has not quite reached the client group you refer to. There have been two pieces of work on this. The first is the disadvantaged young people's report which was commissioned by the New Deal Task Force into the effects of New Deal on young people who were homeless. There is clear evidence that homeless young people were not accessing New Deal. Centrepoint has done its own research which was published in the report called New Deal: Big Deal. This also showed that homeless young people were not accessing the New Deal programme. We do have recent evidence from our own research in our projects which shows that a large percentage, over 60 per cent of young people on JSA, who should be on New Deal are in fact not on New Deal. The reasons for that need further enquiry but it is worrying.

  152. Could you just repeat that, it sounds very important?
  (Mr Adebowale) Twenty-five per cent of those on JSA were on New Deal, but of those on JSA for six months or more only 33 per cent were recorded as taking part in New Deal programmes. There are reasons for that; there could have been breaks in claim for instance which can mean that young people are not on New Deal when they should be or that young people are not being identified by the Employment Service appropriately. We do know that there is a group of young people who fall through the net and who are generally homeless, they left school without qualifications and have other problems, who should be on New Deal, are eligible to be on New Deal but in fact are not on New Deal.

  153. It strikes me that the group you describe have always fallen through the net for about the last 30 years or more that I can remember. Is there anything different about our present experience? Are fewer of them falling through the net than traditionally or have we not made very much progress in learning how to deal with this prime group?
  (Mr Adebowale) It is hard to make historical comparisons but at Centrepoint we have summed it up by saying the New Deal may have met its target but is in danger of missing the point in that the most disadvantaged young people still remain disadvantaged and we do not actually have a mechanism for getting them into New Deal. There is a limit to what New Deal can provide. Young people lead very chaotic lifestyles. However, there are programmes which Centrepoint has been working on with other organisations which actually have had quite a strong effect on getting disadvantaged young people onto New Deal or at least closer to it. The fact is that the New Deal regime is quite rigid in terms of the Gateway, how long young people actually get access to New Deal. We have argued for a pre-New Deal programme specifically designed for homeless young people and those who have other chaotic lifestyles.
  (Mr Convery) The reason that we are more concerned about it today is not that the problem has got worse or has got less, it is just that when New Deal was launched we raised some expectations about its ability to do more than the programme design is capable of doing. The fundamental point about New Deal is that essentially it is triggered by a benefit claim. If a young person does not have a relationship with the Employment Service, and making a claim for JSA is the fundamental relationship they have, if the Employment Service is not in contact with these young people, there is nothing you can do within the framework of New Deal to get New Deal to incorporate those young people. We are not significantly better aware of how New Deal is helping these young people, because it is one of the areas of the very, very comprehensive evaluation programme which is not really enquiring into these young people. It has to be said that there has been a reliance on the work of non-governmental organisations to provide this kind of intelligence, either in a quantifiable kind of way, or through a very large accumulation of hearsay evidence and the experience of front level workers. I would certainly welcome in the next Parliament, if there is a New Deal Mark II, that the evaluation of that programme concentrates much more on these less tangible and harder to measure aspects of New Deal and floods people less with vast amounts of administratively generated performance information. It is deep in the weave of the programme that we have to identify how we can pick up highly disadvantaged young people.
  (Mr Adebowale) The emphasis on job outcomes is a problem when you are talking about young people who are homeless, may have mental health, drug, alcohol or literacy/numeracy skills issues. What we need to be developing are measures of progression towards job readiness, which do not appear to be recognised within the New Deal programme or in the thinking around New Deal. That is a problem, because it does leave a large number of young people behind. In fact, when we did the work on disadvantaged young people, we did discover that there was something like 160,000 young people. This is something the Social Exclusion Unit (SEU) have looked into. They left school without education qualifications and then disappeared; literally did not appear again. That is a very worrying sign.
  (Mr Butt) Prior to New Deal we already knew that unemployment rates for black and minority groups were two to three times the average and it is still the case now in the New Deal programme that there is still a large number of people slipping through the net as well. We need to have some sound analysis as to why this continues to happen. Sometimes when we have been talking to New Deal personal advisers and New Deal partnerships, they tend to put the onus back on the young person, either saying they are not job ready or they do not really want to work and they often cite young Muslim women as an example. That may be the case in some instances but at the end of the day, black and ethnic minority young people are already well qualified as it is. So why are they not being put forward to jobs and is there something going wrong? You could possibly look at employer discrimination, but also you could look at the fact that some New Deal personal advisers keep referring these clients on to the further education option as well. Sometimes the advice is wrong. If they do not think a young person is actually job ready, they tend to refer them on to the further education option which, as you probably know, black young people are more over-represented in. This option is also producing far fewer job outcomes, particularly for that client group. At the end of the day, I just do not think the New Deal partnerships or the advisers are actually aware of the scale of the problem and how to go about it. At the end of the day some partnerships do perform better than others. We need to find out why, for example Tower Hamlets, is doing very well. Is it because they have a very well established Bangladeshi community? Other places where there is a high black and ethnic minority population, for example Birmingham, are not doing so well in that they have diverse provision. What is actually going wrong? The second thing in relation to that on which I touched before is employer discrimination. New Deal personal advisers do identify this as a huge problem but quite what they do about it when they do not have the necessary tools or the expertise to deal with this situation . . . Training packs which are already in existence from the CRE or other legislative bodies are not really dealing with this in a practical way. We are working with the Employment Service in developing some sort of training pack which might assist in this process and are piloting it in Bristol at the moment. Hopefully we shall get some qualitative results from that, but we have noticed that black New Deal personal advisers are more willing to tackle issues around employer discrimination than white New Deal personal advisers. Maybe we could do something around developing a pool of expertise with those advisers from different client groups. It is another issue but that really does need to be taken forward.

Mr Allan

  154. Continuing the point about this large number of people who should be on New Deal but are not on New Deal, the Government rhetoric when they brought in the New Deal on the benefit sanctions aspects of it was that that was designed to make sure that everybody went on the New Deal. It is not something I am personally particularly happy with but that was the logic. I just want to explore that. Could you indicate whether this large number of people who should be on it but are not on it are being sanctioned, whether sanctions are having any positive or negative effect and in particular the other side of the sanctions coin is the fear that New Deal and sanctions might drive some people further underground and completely add to the JSA side. I wonder whether from the Centrepoint experience you picked up on that at all.
  (Mr Adebowale) It is very difficult. It is very difficult to get accurate figures on number of sanctions and their effects but my sense is that there have actually been very few. Centrepoint's position has always been that if you threaten sanctions you actually take away the very attractive proposition that New Deal is. Young people have had a number of programmes, number of interventions, none of which have worked and their experience of the sanction is to avoid getting involved in the programme altogether for fear of being sanctioned. It is almost a negative proposal in the first place. The evidence we have does not indicate that having sanctions makes any difference at all to the accessibility of New Deal by the most disadvantaged. In fact one of the problems which surround New Deal and disadvantaged and homeless young people is its connection with a very complex benefit system. We have argued long and hard and have some evidence to back this up, that young people who are on housing benefit, living in social housing and have other issues often find that if they get work as a result of any programme, the amount of available free income they have is less than it would have been if they were on benefits. This is about disposable income. This is a real disincentive. If you add to that the problems associated with single room reference rents, which is the cutting of benefits to allow young people under the age of 25 only to share a room, then you have real problems. What Centrepoint does know is that if you do not have an address it is very difficult to get a job and if you do not have a job it is very difficult to get an address. The two systems work against each other, particularly if you are disadvantaged.
  (Mr Convery) I take the view that the sanctions regime has no impact at all on young people who are completely outside the benefit system because logically there is nothing to leverage the young person into a particular choice. For those who are already highly excluded, it is an irrelevance. It is not a tool which can help bring them into the programme. As to those young people who express a degree of reluctance or a lack of clarity about what they want to do, sanctions have not had a particularly significant part to play here. The latest data shows us that typically over a quarterly period, between 4,500 and 5,000 people are sanctioned; about 1,500 a month. When you look at it in the totality of the inflow, that is relatively small. The most significant thing is that there is a sense that there is a degree of mandatory participation and that perhaps diminishes the sense of choice. Particularly as the young person gets three months or four months into the gateway there is less choice than they might like and sometimes Employment Service officials do find themselves a little bit under pressure to get a result. That can lead to cutting corners perhaps or offering a choice which is not really a huge choice. What is very significant is that with some of the options on New Deal, and bear in mind that the New Deal options themselves are in some ways the smaller part of the programme, we can see that there is a stratification of popularity when you look at numbers of people who are sanctioned for declining to take out an environment task force option. It is almost one quarter of all the people on that option at that time expressing a flow as a proportion of a stock for comparison purposes, whereas with the employer option it is only about six per cent. You can see that sanctions tend to be applied more for those options which do not offer a wage, do not offer regular work and the clear prospect of progression. Nonetheless the overall numbers themselves are relatively low.
  (Mr Adebowale) One of the worrying things about New Deal is that as we succeed with those which are most likely to get work and hit the figures and reach and have to do more work with those with greater difficulties, there will be an increase in sanctions. They tend to go into the less attractive options. One of the worrying aspects of that is the link between the income support sanction and the housing benefit. If you are sanctioned you are not supposed to lose housing benefit. However, there have been cases, and this has led to further guidance being put out by ES and DSS. I am still concerned though that there will be cases and I should be worried if there were one case in fact, of a young person who has been sanctioned on income support and then had their housing benefit affected because you are effectively making them homeless and the link between the two does worry me and the lack of clarity between the two types of benefit is a real risk for too many young people.

  155. Thank you for bringing that out. What would you say are the major strengths and weaknesses of New Deal for Young People and why is New Deal not performing as well in inner cities as it does in other areas?
  (Mr Convery) The principal attraction of New Deal to young people is that there is a sense that it is qualitatively different to almost the folk memory of a generation of programmes which did fail many of their participants. Even where those programmes were relatively successful—and I have said often that in retrospect I think the Enterprise Allowance scheme was a much under-rated programme at the time and in retrospect—building on a rather poor heritage of schemes, that word has a range of connotations in everyday parlance. There is a sense amongst young people that it is qualitatively different. That meant that New Deal did start off with a huge advantage. People perceived it as being about real jobs, paying real wages with real employers, that there was an emphasis on getting people into the right job, not any job, that underpinned by the statutory minimum wage legislation people would be better off in work and in some instances with the tax credit regime in place those 18 to 24-year-olds would be even better off in work than on benefits. Certainly the degree of employer engagement has been a tremendously strong suit for New Deal. It is fair to say that a number of employers have had an outstanding experience of New Deal and a number of smaller employers have found it quite hard to deal with. They have been promised recruits: recruits did not arrive. When they did arrive, the match was not quite as good as they had expected. The potential employee had not really been fully briefed about what the work was, what the firm was, what was expected of them and so forth. That has contributed to a degree of dropout and non-sustained unemployment. I am alarmed by the fact that some 40 per cent of placings into work through New Deal have not become sustained jobs and that has translated through to one quarter of all leavers not ending up in sustained employment. Secondly, the way in which the Employment Service has reorientated its services and its culture has been a tremendous success factor. It is now a widely accepted truism that the invention of the new profession of personal adviser has transformed both the culture of the Employment Service and has given a markedly different service, individualised service, to those young people. Thirdly, I would say the sense in which New Deal has run very successfully alongside a growing economy. New Deal would not perform as well in an economy where employment was shrinking, where employers were laying workers off. It has gone with the grain of a growing labour market. One of the things many people will want to pause and think about is that as the labour market starts to dip a little bit, for example this morning's data shows us that for the first time since 1992, employment as a whole has dipped. It dipped by 25,000 in the last quarter. That is a warning signal that the gravity which has helped push New Deal along is starting to phase out.
  (Mr Adebowale) I shall not repeat what Mr Convery said. There are the following reasons for what I think is good about New Deal. First of all it is a coherent programme; it is not called a scheme, it is not a scheme. It was launched well, the media package was attractive to young people. It was offering real jobs, real training. The personal adviser is often cited as a positive experience. It is the one thing which people focus on as being something which is actually helpful. We mentioned changes in the ES. The experience of authority by people generally, but certainly the DSS and ES, is not good. For example, 40 per cent of young people who come to Centrepoint arrive without any benefits whatsoever, so they are hardly going to be wanting to go back down to the local Employment Service and tell all. The fact that yes, he is trying, is noticed. The element of choice or the perception of choice is also useful. It is not a railroading packaging job, there is an element of choice which young people have said they enjoy. There is also an element of follow through; what is happening next is also seen as a positive thing. On the downside, there is a real problem with retention and Mr Convery has given some reasons for that and discrimination is a major problem. It needs to be seen in the context of the wider demographics and linking that to the inner city issue. London has the fastest growing youth population in the country, not because there is a huge number of white young people aged between 16 and 25 in London; in fact exactly the opposite. It has the fastest growing youth population because it has the highest number of minority ethnic 16 to 25-year-olds and it is of some concern that that does not appear to have been taken into account in the design of New Deal. The discrimination and the marketing issues have not really been addressed and I think they need to be and I know the issue of employer engagement certainly is something which will be taken up very vigorously in the design of New Deal II. It worries me that unless we build in some measures to count against employer discrimination, we will have some very embarrassing failures on our hands because it is a fact that Centrepoint's young black and minority ethnic people are better qualified by and large than their white counterparts, yet are twice as likely to be unemployed. There are some positive things which can be done. We think New Deal is pretty close to being a well designed, effective programme. The problems with it lie in the desire to produce figures which are only about job outcomes, thus missing out what could be achieved by progressing people towards the necessary skills and attitudes to be economically active. There are programmes which currently exist which need investment and development which would deliver that but are not seen as important. The issues around the link between New Deal and the benefit system, which are not major issues, if you think about how much New Deal has cost, the changes in the benefit system which would add value to New Deal, housing benefit and the single room reference rents would actually buy in and tie in young people to a programme which could be seen as a real model, but we have yet to do that and it is very frustrating.
  (Mr Butt) A couple of points on the positive side. New Deal has tried to take on a much more open partnership approach to the provision it can get together. Also, in terms of the mapping provision outside the traditional sectors such as FE colleges and existing TECs training providers has been quite positive. Also the Government's commitment to race equality has been most welcome as well. On the negative side black and ethnic minority young people are still being put onto poor provision and are not getting a fair deal from it. Evidence is there to support it. When we look at the environmental task force option, is it really an option for young black people who ultimately just want to get a job? One could say that effort needs to be put onto tackling attitudes for those who are long-term unemployed and if so, is the provision there to meet that sort of need. We need to look at the inner cities and the number of black district managers who are available. It would be interesting to see by region how many black district managers there are, particularly in London, the North West, Yorkshire and Humber. I sincerely believe that if you have more black district managers, more managers at a senior level then you can push forward the products available like the ethnic minority strategy and the closing the gap toolkit for New Deal partnerships, as performance disparities are still there for black and ethnic minority communities. We do know from the research we have done, that very few districts utilise these products whilst it should be part of good management practice. On visits to Liverpool and Slough, for example, it was amazing to see despite the plethora of initiatives and the money being pumped into the inner city areas how very little knowledge the actual district and business managers had on how to utilise that, how to get involved in the partnerships which were occurring outside the New Deal and how they could maximise the opportunities for those young people coming through the door. That is another area for concern because you really need to capacity build so those district managers take these issues head on. The other point I should like to touch upon is the lack of understanding of the baseline statistics coming through as well, particularly from DfEE. When they come through very few units of delivery can break them down and see what sort of impact it is actually having on their own patch. That is another area. At regional level we can provide some expertise to help local units of delivery close those gaps.

  Chairman: Thank you very much indeed. I suspect you all can talk to us at far greater length on those two subjects but I ought to give my colleagues a chance to have a share of the action.

Mr Nicholls

  156. What measures would you consider most important in evaluating the impact of New Deal on youth unemployment? Do the current indicators used to assess the performance of New Deal make sufficient recognition of greater employability that may result from the assistance given to disadvantaged clients under New Deal even if it does not actually result in the person assisted going into a job?
  (Mr Convery) I am not sure I got the first part of your question. I am sorry.

  157. The first point I was driving at was what measures do you think you can use in assessing whether the New Deal has actually been a success or not? How are you going to be able to measure that? Just concentrating on a job as the outcome would actually be unfair, bearing in mind the distance you actually have to travel with some young people in getting them up to base of it.
  (Mr Convery) I certainly think that too much emphasis has been placed on core performance measure A, the simple job entry measure. When you talk to managers in delivery units you get a strong sense of just how important that is in their overall thinking; that is what they are tested on, that after all is what the Employment Service's annual performance agreement places right at the top of its list of targets to be achieved. I would far sooner see a sustained employment target adopted. I should like to see targets which measure earning progression once in work. I should like to see a measure which looks at the vocational qualifications which are achieved and perhaps even some detail about their vocational relevance and so forth. I am very struck by the fact that the core performance measures only measure starts in training, they do not measure completions or achievements. I should certainly like to see that. I should certainly like the best brains we have applied to fixing this thorny question of how to measure distance travelled for people who have a very long distance to travel. Within the context of a very inflexible design, that is impossible. In fact we have people travelling backwards in many ways. If they go through their first phase of New Deal, then they are in the approximately one in five who are recycled through the system, in fact they are travelling backwards not travelling forwards. We need a structure in which people can travel and take some time to do it and a decent way of measuring people who come from very, very low starting points up to mere job readiness perhaps.
  (Mr Adebowale) There are five key measures which are important in assessing New Deal's effectiveness, only one of which is seen as relevant currently and that is basically jobs, getting into jobs. If you are going to look at the impact and New Deal justice, given the investment, job entry is one, progress distance travelled is another and there are methods of doing that—you can assess how credible they are and how scientific they are but certainly Centrepoint has been working on distance travelled measurements for some time now and feel that we have got somewhere with that. There are some subjective measures which need to be taken up. Certainly as a member of the New Deal Task Force we have had some data back on how clients feel about their associations with the ES and that is useful, given that the ES is a service. Feedback from New Deal clients is an important measure. We now have information about what the gap is in terms of discrimination between minority ethnic and white young people, gender and indeed area. We should be looking to close those gaps and there are measures you can take to see trends in that area. We should be taking some key measures of known disadvantaged young people, for instance youth homelessness. We know what the causes of youth homelessness are, we know how prevalent it is and it should be possible to know in London how many New Deal young people are homeless and are now not homeless as a result of being on the New Deal. We should be able to measure those things. That would be my basket of measures if I were to evaluate New Deal.

Judy Mallaber

  158. You referred to the success of the personal advisers innovation as one of the positives and that is certainly something we have highlighted throughout. You have always said this is a good innovation but could you say more about how successful you think they have been in helping young unemployed? In particular do they have adequate training and skills to deal with those who have the more serious problems we have agreed we are getting to, who maybe are recyling and we are finding more difficult and less attractive to employers? Do they have the skills for dealing with them?
  (Mr Adebowale) I would say two things about the issue of recycling. There is the expectation that the lives of young people, particularly disadvantaged young people, are one straight line on which New Deal can place them and move straight through and this is something of an error. In fact most people try more than one job before they hit on the career which leads them to Nirvana. That needs to be taken into account. The reality check here. Young people are like everyone else, they need some guidance but they also need an opportunity to change their minds. That said, the personal advisers, and I have talked to a few personal advisers, are limited in what they can actually do and in fact the disadvantaged young people report made recommendations, one of which was that new advisers were limited in their input into young people because there was some evidence that some of these advisers were taking on too great a case load and going into far too much depth with individual young people, something they are not trained to do and it did not necessarily lead to very positive outcomes. They needed some guidance, almost proforma training so they could identify young people with particular problems immediately and then refer them to other appropriate agencies. That is something which Centrepoint and others have done a lot of work on. There is still some evidence though that the New Deal advisers are not—there is no blame attached here, it is simply a question of the amount of work they have to do—passing young people who have particular problems through smoothly onto appropriate agencies. That is something about knowledge of what is available, how those agencies work, what the referral procedures are. That has been an ongoing problem with the New Deal programme.
  (Mr Convery) There are some different and confusing models of what a personal adviser is and does. We have gone through several stages of trying to figure out what they should and should not do. At first those PAs felt a sense of great liberation that they were to do just about anything and everything they felt was going to be right to help slot somebody into a job or get them up to job readiness. They rapidly found that was not managerially very possible. PAs would be spending enormous amounts of time on just a handful of clients and then the rest of their case load would be backing up. In the Employment Service they have moved to seeing PAs as more like case managers. The analogy I often think of is that of a general practitioner: somebody who has a general set of diagnostic skills, is able to apply a particular approach, take people thus far but beyond that they then go to specialised help. I think the Employment Service should be utilising far more extensively the externally contracted service providers they have available, both in the non-government sector and also in the private sector. The other model of what a PA should be doing is being tested in the areas which are trialling action teams and in the areas which are trying different models for employment zones. In some ways we are going back to testing out the model of an official who really does try to do absolutely everything and go that extra mile and break every single rule. We just need to understand a little bit more about what the precise dynamics are of helping an unemployed person get into work and then create a management structure which PAs in the Employment Service themselves understand. The last thing I would say is that there is one skill PAs perhaps still need to acquire, and it may sound peculiar when I say it, but I do not think they understand employers particularly well. The next frontier of cultural change within the Employment Service is getting PAs and staff right throughout the Service to engage with employers, not to think that if a vacancy comes in it is put on the board, they have some basic information about it, they can see a reasonable match between what the employer wants and what the candidate is offering and the two will go together. A long-term account or case-managed approach to employers is essential. When a vacancy comes in, a PA says not only do I know what that job is all about, I know the employer, I know what they are after, I know what their business is, I understand the look and feel of that firm, to get more under the skin of an employer and understand what it is they really require from a candidate. That is the next big tranche of skills that PAs have to adopt.
  (Mr Butt) Very quickly a point about the dynamics of a personal adviser. Anybody who has been unemployed, has been disadvantaged by society or been homeless, will know the sort of lengths you have to go to in order to get someone long-term unemployed into work. Some personal advisers have that sort of knowledge and that sort of empathy but others very often do not. One thing I did find from some of the visits I have been on, is that there is a communication gap between the district and business managers and personal advisers about the sort of technical support needed. For example, research reports have been done around New Deal which can assist the personal advisers in trying something different with their clients. Another point is the poor quality training being offered to personal advisers, particularly around racial equality. Very often it is a one-day awareness course with no follow-through, nothing, not even trying out different models. We really need to look at the quality and nature of training offered to personal advisers. The other point was around the whole New Deal marketing team and the relationship with employers. Many of the marketing team are just recycled advisers in the first instance, Benefit Agency advisers who have no real experience of dealing with employers and thus they cannot relate those experiences on to New Deal personal advisers at the front line, particularly in cases of dealing with employer discrimination. That is a very major cause for concern. In Liverpool, when they were trying to arrange some breakfast meetings, they were only getting a handful of businesses turning up to these meetings and we are talking about big businesses here. There are hundreds of small businesses in the Merseyside region and to get so few for New Deal business meetings really shows a lack of training and a lack of quality staff in place to deal with employers.

  159. We know that in some areas there has been a high turnover of personal advisers, particularly in inner city areas. In my area the personal advisers have moved on because they are now running the one-service pilot schemes, which is a different issue. Do you have any particular reasons why you think there has been a high turnover and has that had an impact on how effective New Deal has been? I do not know whether some of the factors you have mentioned would have been some of the contributory issues.
  (Mr Adebowale) These are tough jobs, often in tough areas. I went to visit some ES offices up in Glasgow and I certainly think they are dealing with pretty tough cases. If you look at any profession where you are constantly under pressure to deliver against tough deadlines that you have not actually been involved in setting, you will find there is a high burnout rate. They are being asked to do a lot and it seems that the pressure on the personal adviser continues to grow in terms of the number of things they have to think about. The comparison with the GPs is very accurate actually because the skills required are almost the same if you are going to get it right.
  (Mr Convery) The Employment Service faces recruitment and retention problems like any other employer. It compounds that problem by having a career progression structure which involves quite a lot of small increments, each increment usually having to be triggered by moving from one place to another. If the Employment Service had a career progression approach in which people could be promoted whilst in effect staying pretty much in place doing their current job but doing it better, with additional responsibilities and so forth, that would lessen the impact of people constantly being moved around. I think that is probably a more significant dynamic than the business about people going off to travel round the world or whatever. That is more important than retention problems. You see it throughout the public sector. You have to move from one place to another in order to take even a small step up a ladder and that means the contact of the client is always going to be fragmented.
  (Mr Adebowale) There is another issue which is about the use of the voluntary sector. The bureaucracy was a real major problem in making New Deal actually work, certainly for Centrepoint. I considered pulling us out at one point because we were filling out forms more than actually getting on with the programme. I keep referring to the disadvantaged report because it is important that we understand a lot of the innovations have been written about and are known, they just have to be done, they just have to be handled. Actually disadvantaged young people are not known by the ES, they are more likely to be known by the voluntary sector than any other sector. There is lots of research to back that up. One of the recommendations in the report was that the mountain should be brought to Mohammed, there should be more outreach, more ES work done by voluntary sector agencies who could actually do the personal adviser work so there was less pressure on personal advisers, particularly in high stress areas. There is not enough of that going on at the moment.

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27 Oct 1999 : Column 293

House of Lords

Wednesday, 27th October 1999.

The House met at half-past two of the clock: The LORD CHANCELLOR on the Woolsack.

Prayers--Read by the Lord Bishop of Oxford.

Lord Grabiner

Anthony Stephen Grabiner, Esquire, QC, having been created Baron Grabiner, of Aldwych in the City of Westminster, for life--Was, in his robes, introduced between the Lord Browne-Wilkinson and the Lord Levy.

Lord Sharman

Colin Morven Sharman, Esquire, OBE, having been created Baron Sharman, of Redlynch in the County of Wiltshire, for life--Was, in his robes, introduced between the Lord Razzall and the Lord Clement-Jones.

Lord Londesborough --Sat first in Parliament after the death of his father.

Viscount Hambleden --Took the Oath.

Rail Safety

2.48 p.m.

Lord Janner of Braunstone asked Her Majesty's Government:

    What action they will take to enforce the provisions of Section 37 of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 in relation to the personal responsibility of directors and managers concerning rail safety.

The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State, Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (Lord Whitty): My Lords, responsibility for enforcement under Section 37 of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 on issues concerning railway safety falls to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), the executive arm of the Health and Safety Commission. The HSC's published enforcement policy statement sets out circumstances when the enforcing authorities, including the HSE, should consider prosecution. The enforcing authorities should identify and prosecute, or recommend prosecution of individuals, including company directors and managers, if they consider that a conviction is warranted and can be secured. Health and safety prosecutions may be brought only when there is sufficient evidence to offer a realistic prospect of conviction.

Lord Janner of Braunstone: My Lords, I thank my noble friend for that Answer. Does he accept that where it can be proved that a director or manager of

27 Oct 1999 : Column 294

Railtrack or any other company is personally responsible for the tragedy of Ladbroke Grove, then that individual should be held to account? Do the Government accept that it is not good enough to prosecute the corporation, which will have no problem in paying the penalty? Do they further accept that if we are to have the safety which passengers are entitled to expect, individuals on the boards and senior executives of the companies concerned should accept their responsibilities for safety and should be held to account when they do not perform their duties in a proper way?

Lord Whitty: My Lords, in replying to my noble friend, I should preface my remarks by saying that I am making a general point; I am not referring to any particular company or incident. Clearly in the health and safety area, it is vitally important that managers and directors take responsibility for the health and safety culture and decisions within their companies. If they are found to be directly responsible for breaches of safety procedures, they should be prosecuted. Under the present procedures, matters are more complex and the number of individual prosecutions is relatively limited. We are reviewing the situation.

Lord Campbell of Croy: My Lords, when the Statement about the Ladbroke Grove incident was made in the House on 11th October, I asked what categories of trains carried black-box recorders. At that time the Minister did not know the answer and said that he would write to me. More than two weeks have elapsed and I have not received a reply. So I put again the question. What kinds of trains carry black-box recorders--which were mentioned when the Statement was made--in order to help trace responsibility for accidents?

Lord Whitty: My Lords, I apologise on behalf of my noble friend if the noble Lord has not received a reply. The answer to his question is difficult to ascertain. Black boxes are not standard fitments to all trains and one has to gather the information from the companies. I shall ensure that the noble Lord receives a reply as soon as possible.

Lord Marsh: My Lords, does the Minister accept that even though the railways remain one of the safest forms of transport available, no one will ever provide a totally safe railway system? No one will ever provide a totally safe hospital system, a totally safe farming industry, or even a totally safe private home, no matter how much one spends on it. Is it not high time that we stopped this massive speculation, sat back and waited for the report of a sensible inquiry?

Lord Whitty: My Lords, I have some sympathy with the noble Lord's final remarks. It is very important that these incidents are investigated and that speculation does not prejudice any inquiries. The inquiries into the Southall and Paddington incidents are continuing. We shall need to assess the conclusions that are reached. It is right to underline the noble

27 Oct 1999 : Column 295

Lord's initial remark that the railway system in this country during recent years has been very safe. Last year there were no fatalities at all on the railway system. While the Ladbroke Grove accident was an absolute tragedy, we need to keep matters in perspective.

Lord Clinton-Davis: My Lords, can my noble friend indicate the last occasion when a director or manager was prosecuted in connection with any incident affecting rail safety?

Lord Whitty: My Lords, I have no record of any individual railway company director being prosecuted. Under the present law and procedures, the total number of directors across the board who have been prosecuted for breaches of health and safety regulations is very small. Understandably, most cases are brought against companies, in the railway sector as elsewhere.

Baroness Thomas of Walliswood: My Lords, I have some sympathy with the trend of the question of the noble Lord, Lord Janner. However, does the Minister agree that there is a danger that the investigation into, and the rectification of, the causes of an accident can be delayed while a prosecution is being pursued?

Lord Whitty: My Lords, that possibility has been taken into account by Ministers and by Lord Cullen. There have been previous instances of delay. That was one of the reasons why we were reviewing the safety aspects of all modes of transport well before the accident took place. We hope to reach conclusions which will take into account the lessons of the current inquiries.

Earl Attlee: My Lords, can the Minister assure the House that when the Secretary of State exercises his functions he will apply the same tests of the ratio of costs versus safety benefits to all modes of transport?

Lord Whitty: My Lords, the noble Earl knows that his question is more complex than it at first sounds. We were looking at the whole aspect of transport safety across the modes precisely because some of the calculations and implications differ. It is an assessment issue as well as a procedural issue on which we hope to reach conclusions before too long.

Lord Islwyn: My Lords, as regards rail safety, has the Minister taken note that following the privatisation of British Rail much of its maintenance work, previously carried out by British Rail employees, was handed over to private contractors? I am reliably informed that this led to a good deal of delay and indecision in dealing with safety issues. This applies particularly to rail safety committees. Will the Minister look into the matter?

Lord Whitty: My Lords, my colleagues and I have received similar reports in regard to maintenance and

27 Oct 1999 : Column 296

other safety matters. One should not make an ideological point on this issue. As my right honourable friend the Deputy Prime Minister has pointed out, until the tragedy the railway companies were improving their safety record, both through and after privatisation. It is not primarily a matter of the ownership of the companies. However, it is clearly important in this area, as in others, to establish where responsibility lies. If it rests with the board of directors, that should be recognised. More generally, the Law Commission has looked at the possibility of corporate manslaughter and the Home Office will shortly issue a consultation document on that and related issues.

Individual Savings Accounts

2.57 p.m.

Lord Barnett asked Her Majesty's Government:

    What is their policy with regard to advertisements for individual savings account investments.

Lord McIntosh of Haringey: My Lords, advertisements for individual savings account investments are currently regulated either under the Financial Services Act 1986 or are subject to the Banking and Building Society Codes of Conduct. The Financial Services Authority has worked closely with the banking and building society associations to ensure that comparable information is given in all ISA advertisements. The Government welcome this work by the authority in order to protect the financial interests of investors.

Lord Barnett: My Lords, I am obliged to my noble friend for that Answer. Is he aware that at the moment many such adverts seem to be deliberately misleading? I use the term objectively.

I have with me an advert--it is similar to many others--which states in very large bold print that there is a 9 per cent yield, tax free; underneath, in small print, it refers to projected yield; below that, in tiny print, about six lines inform the reader that investment value and income can go down as well as up. Does my noble friend accept that some innocent people--including, perhaps, Members of your Lordships' House--could be persuaded to invest in such an ISA? Does he agree that terrible damage can be done to people who invest without reading the small print? I see the noble Lord, Lord Saatchi, nodding. Perfectly reputable advertising agencies will no doubt draft such adverts. He will know that better than I do.

My noble friend's Answer is not good enough if we are to ensure that innocent people are protected. Will he do something more about the matter?

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