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About Venus, Virgin Mary and “The Pentacle”

About Venus, Virgin Mary and “The Pentacle” of Sir Gawain

Celtic Symbolism : “The Pentacle” on the Medieval Poem “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”

“Then they showed forth the shield, that shone all red,
With the pentangle portrayed in purest gold.
And why the pentangle is proper to that peerless prince
I intend now to tell, though detain me it must.”
(Sir Gawain and the G. K. 2.619-623).

An anonymous contemporary of Geoffrey Chaucer wrote Sir Gawain and the Green Knight in the 14th century, outlining an adventure of Sir Gawain, a knight of King Arthur’s Round Table.

Gawain represented the perfect knight, as a fighter, a lover, and a religious devotee.

It was written in a Northern dialect and uses alliteration similar to the Anglo-Saxon form of poetry. Alliteration is characterized by the repetition of consonants and a sharp rhyme at the end of each section.

The story begins as King Arthur’s court celebrates the New Year for fifteen days. The lords and ladies of the court are having a great time dancing and feasting. The story describes the lavishly served feast with all the trimmings. Each guest is free to partake in the royal meal. However, King Arthur will not eat on such a high holiday until someone tells a fascinating or adventurous tale.

After a year has passed, Sir Gawain must prepare to leave for his journey to the castle of the Green Knight. The other knights are sad to see such a good friend and stellar knight meet with such a bitter blow. Gawain’s answer to the concerns of his fellow knights demonstrates his bravery: “Why should I tarry? In destinies sad or merry, True men can but try.“

The poem describes Gawain’s armor in detail. He carries a red shield that has a pentangle painted on its front. The pentangle is a token of truth. Each of the five points are linked and locked with the next, forming what is called the endless knot. The pentangle is a symbol that Gawain is faultless in his five senses, never found to fail in his five fingers, faithful to the five wounds that Christ received on the cross, strengthened by the five joys that the Virgin Mary had in Jesus (The Annunciation, Nativity, Resurrection, Ascension, and Assumption), and possesses brotherly love, pure mind and manners, and compassion most precious. The inside of the shield is adorned with an image of the Virgin Mary to make sure that Gawain never loses heart.

Long before the narrator of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight placed the pentangle on the shield of “that peerless prince,” it was an object of importance, and has enjoyed a place in the philosophical and theological forums of many cultures. The earliest found depiction of the pentangle, located on a piece of pottery found in the ruins of the ancient city of Ur, dates back to around 900 BCE, placing it well within the early Babylonian period (Stone, 135). The Pythagoreans where fascinated by its mathematical and geometrical implications and spent much of the 3rd 4th and 5th centuries BCE trying to unlock its mysteries. In fact, most all Greek geometry, mathematics, and architecture are based on the perfect harmony found in the pentangle. The neo-Platonists and the Gnostics could not resist the call of the pentangle, and tied many of their studies and mysteries to this eminent symbol. However, the pentangle gained its most prominent state in the Middle Ages when Christianly and Islam adopted this symbol as a major part of their religions, both using it as a symbol of harmony, virtue, and idealism (Hulbert, 722).

The regular pentangle is formed from a regular pentagon, either by drawing its diagonals or by extending each edge until it meets other edges that are not its immediate neighbors. The edges of the regular pentangle divide each other so that the ratio of the larger part to the smaller part is equal to the ratio of the whole line to the larger part (Cundy & Rollett, 68-77). This ratio, (1 + square root of 5/2), was named by the Pythagoreans as the ‘Golden Ratio’ and is commonly represented by the Greek symbol Phi.

Keith Critchlow: The Hidden Geometry of Flower

Professor Critchlow has published many books and papers on cosmology, architecture, and geometry, which he sees as a karma yoga. These include ‘Order in Space’, ‘Time Stands Still’, and ‘Islamic Patterns: An Analytical and Cosmological Approach’. As he says, “All authentic academic research is based on the simultaneous pursuit of the True, the Beautiful, and the Good—if any is pursued separately, imbalance ensues.” He continues his research into five-fold and ten-fold symmetries, an area that has held his interest for many years. see The School of Traditional Art

Five petals of Venus

When plotted geocentrically – from an Earth-centered perspective – there is a highly noticeable rhythm in the motion of Venus. After 8 years, it returns to the same place in the sky on the same date. This was known to, and of great interest to, ancient peoples such as the Maya, and many today know it as the famous Venus cycle, or the pentagram of Venus.

Over eight years, each phenomenon – each relative position of Earth, Venus, and the sun – occurs five times, and then over the next eight years they repeat five times almost identically.

For Venus, the tight inward loops are the inferior conjunctions, in which Venus passes between us and the sun; the wide swings are centered on the superior conjunctions, when Venus passes around the far side of the sun. So the general pattern is (as Anthony Barreiro commented):

… a lovely five-petalled rose.

The tight loops are the stamens of the rose, the wide swings are the petals.

When I tried to plot a geocentric picture over eight years (2016-2023) to show the complete rose, it was bewilderingly cluttered. It had five overlapping tracks, eight-times-twelve little Venus globes at monthly intervals – already too much without the ecliptic-plane grid and other details.

The image at the top of this post is a more simplified version: still calculated in three dimensions, but, by moving the viewpoint to the north ecliptic pole, it becomes a flat plan of Venus’s path.

Earth is in the middle; the vernal-equinox direction is to the right; the yellow spots are the sun at the beginning of each month.

The rest is the rhythmic motions of Venus.

You’ll still have trouble deciphering which part of the track is for which year (I’ve used white, cyan, magenta, yellow for 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, and again for 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023) but it doesn’t matter greatly. You can see the five inferior conjunctions, in their five directions.

If you trace across the circle from each loop to the next, you see that they are not adjacent to each other but 2/5 pf the way around, like the five points of a pentagram.

Planet venus-geocentric-2016-2023:

-Successive inferior conjunctions of Venus against the Zodiac form a Pentagram.

The Pentacle’s “Five-ness” of Moral Virtues

In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight the narrator employs the pentangle to illustrate the central conflict within the story, which is Gawain’s inner fight, rather than his ordeal with the Green Knight.

Each of the five points of the pentangle represents a set of Gawain’s virtues: his five senses, for he is “faultless in his five senses;” his five fingers “Nor found ever to fail in his five fingers;” his fidelity, “his fealty … fixed upon the five wounds that Christ got on the cross;” his force, “founded on the five joys / That the high Queen of heaven had in her child;” and the five knightly virtues: friendship, generosity, courtesy, chastity, and piety (lns. 640-54).

During his stay at the host’s castle, each of his five five-fold virtues represented in the five points of the pentangle fail him. Gawain’s physical abilities (his five senses and his five fingers) begin to fail him in line 900 when the “wine goes to his head” and continue to fail as he spends the majority of his time in bed or lounging around the castle.

Although Gawain frequently calls on Jesus and Mary for aid in the wilderness, once inside the court, his piety fades to the background, and his fidelity to the five wounds of Christ and five joys of Mary slips into obscurity. Then with his physical and spiritual virtues wavering, Gawain’s five knightly virtues also fall under careful inspection and begin to falter.

The Chivalric Codes vs The Learning from Mistakes
The fifth five is Gawain himself, who embodies the five moral virtues of the code of chivalry: “friendship, generosity, chastity, courtesy, and piety”. All of these virtues reside, as the poet says, in the “Endless Knot” of the pentangle, which forever interlinks and is never broken.

This intimate relationship between symbol and faith allows for rigorous allegorical interpretation, especially in the physical role that the shield plays in Gawain’s quest.
Thus, the poet makes Gawain the epitome of perfection in knighthood through number symbolism.

This portrayal Gawain’s quest in terms of the pentangle successfully compares the perfectly balanced knightly ideals represented in the pentangle itself, to the reality of Gawain’s life and actions that we see while he is in the castle.

Even Gawain, “the greatest knight of all” falls short of the pentanglean ideal, reminding the reader that no one can reach perfection. However, instead of becoming bitter at our shortcomings and failures, we should learn from our mistakes. A message, not only particularly important to a culture in which the leaders did all they could in order to gain personally, often using the chivalric codes only when by doing so would serve their own purposes, but also to anyone in any age who meets with the disappointment of not “measuring up” to the pentangles in their lives.

The Pentacle Symbolism

The pentacle on Gawain’s shield is seen by many critics as signifying Gawain’s perfection and power over evil. The poem contains the only representation of such a symbol on Gawain’s shield in the Gawain literature.

What is more, the poet uses a total of 46 lines to describe the meaning of the pentangle. No other symbol in the poem receives as much attention or is described in such detail.

The poem describes the pentangle as a symbol of faithfulness and an “endless knot”. In line 625, it is described as “a sign by Solomon”. Solomon, the third king of Israel, in 10th century B.C. was said to have the mark of the pentagram on his ring, which he received from the archangel Michael. The pentagram seal on this ring was said to give Solomon power over demons.

Along these lines, some academics link the Gawain pentangle to magical traditions. In Germany, the symbol was called a Drudenfuß and was placed on household objects to keep out evil. The symbol was also associated with magical charms which, if recited or written on a weapon, would call forth magical forces. However, concrete evidence tying the magical pentagram to Gawain’s pentangle is scarce.

Gawain’s pentangle also symbolises the “phenomenon of physically endless objects signifying a temporally endless quality.” Many poets use the symbol of the circle to show infinity or endlessness, but Gawain’s poet insisted on using something more complex.

In medieval number theory, the number five is considered a “circular number”, since it “reproduces itself in its last digit when raised to its powers”. Furthermore, it replicates itself geometrically; that is, every pentangle has a smaller pentagon that allows a pentangle to be embedded in it and this “process may be repeated forever with decreasing pentangles”. Thus, by reproducing the number five, which in medieval number symbolism signified incorruptibility, Gawain’s pentangle represents his eternal incorruptibility.

The Girdle and the knot

The knot of the Girdle:

You do not need a cord when constructing a regular pentagon. You take a strip of paper and place a simple single button there. Press the button gently flat and this has turned into a regular pentagon. Do you have a small one then you can magnify it by drawing lines parallel to the circumference….

  • Dante and the Vowel I

In the Divine Comedy Dante explains that El is already a derived, falling name, and (i) is more original. It is a more original name of God. It’s not even the bar but the point, and writing an “i” is writing God. God is not in the sign under the point but in the point itself. There is an inner rhythm to the story of the divine word, the ages of the divine, which are independent of what the Bible makes us understand. Guénon asks what are the traditions that make it possible to explain the age of God (i) and that of God El. He answers that we must turn to the Vedas, the great cycles (mavantara) of humanity. These are the great cycles of the history of humanity, and Dante attests that his attachment to the primordial tradition goes back to the most singular point, the (i)

  • Dante Convivio book 4 Chapter 6

Above, in the third chapter of this book, a promise was made to discuss the loftiness of the imperial and philosophic authorities. Therefore having discussed the imperial authority, I must continue my digression and take up the subject of the authority of the Philosopher, in keeping with my promise. Here we must first observe what this word “authority” means, for there is a greater necessity to know this in discussing the philosophic as opposed to the imperial authority, which by virtue of its majesty does not seem open to question. It should be known, then, that “authority” is nothing but “the pronouncement of an author.”

This word, namely “auctor” without the third letter c, has two possible sources of derivation.

One is a verb that has very much fallen out of use in Latin and which signifies more or less “to tie words together,” that is, “auieo.” Anyone who studies it carefully in its first form will observe that it displays its own meaning, for it is made up only of the ties of words, that is, of the five vowels alone, which are the soul and tie of every word, and is composed of them in a different order, so as to portray the image of a tie.

For beginning with A it turns back to U, goes straight through to I and E, then turns back and comes to O, so that it truly portrays this image: A, E, I, O, U, which is the figure of a tie.

 Insofar as “author” is derived and comes from this verb, it is used only to refer to poets who have tied their words together with the art of poetry; but at present we are not concerned with this meaning. The other source from which “author” derives, as Uguccione attests in the beginning of his bookDerivations, is a Greek word pronounced “autentin” which in Latin means “worthy of faith and obedience.” Thus “author,” in this derivation, is used for any person deserving of being believed and obeyed. From this comes the word which we are presently treating, namely “authority”; hence we can see that authority means “pronouncement worthy of faith and obedience.” Consequently, when I prove that Aristotle is most worthy of faith and obedience, it will be evident that his words are the supreme and highest authority.

  • This tie is call “Lac d’Amour “in French (“love knot”)

The symbolism of the Knots of Love

The LoveKnot is a decorative pattern representing a cord (or lace) folded over itself and thus forming a layered 8.

Symbol of Infinty : Infinity is something we are introduced to in our math classes, and later on we learn that infinity can also be used in physics, philosophy, social sciences, etc. Infinity is characterized by a number of uncountable objects or concepts which have no limits or size. This concept can be used to describe something huge and boundless. It has been studied by plenty of scientists and philosophers of the world, since the early Greek and early Indian epochs. In writing, infinity can be noted by a specific mathematical sign known as the infinity symbol (∞) created by John Wallis, an English mathematician who lived and worked in the 17th century.

Chivalrous symbolism: in the Middle Ages, the Knots of Love is a sign of true and indissoluble friendship, of sworn and therefore unalterable faith. It was the insignia of the Order of the Holy Spirit, also known as the Node, founded in 1352 by Joan of Naples, for the coronation of her second husband, Louis of Taranto.

 Philosophical Symbolic: Interlacings are a motive, omnipresent in Celtic art, which underlines the endless movement of evolution, of involution through the entanglement of cosmic and human facts. He then takes up the principle of ouroboros, a snake that bites its tail and symbolizes a cycle of evolution closed on itself. This symbol contains at the same time the ideas of movement, continuity, self-fertilization, eternal return. It is the union of the terrestrial and celestial worlds, signifies the union of two opposing principles (dichotomy): heaven / earth, good / evil, night / day. He is the infinite, the perpetual evolution.

Religious symbolism, Christianity: its infinite movement symbolizes the eternity, the immortality of the knight’s soul, the durability of the spirit of the Order. The necklace by itself, at least according to its simplest formula, offered three Lakes of Love; three as the divine number, three as the Trinity of God, at the same time Father, Son and Holy Spirit, three distinct “beings” but yet One (this is the Christian mystery of the “Three in One”), again reminiscent of the perfect equality of all, between them, and before God.

Read also The Poem as Green Girdle: Commercium in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight by R. Allen Shoaf


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Napier, New Zealand

Napier, New Zealand.

Why now?

With New Zealand's summer months spanning from December through until March, the beginning of the year is prime time for escaping the cold for an architectural pilgrimage south of the equator. After a devastating earthquake in 1931, New Zealand's beachside town of Napier was completely rebuilt in art-deco style, making this Kiwi city the capital of sorbet hues, symmetry and sunbursts. In our opinion, it even beats out Miami in terms of its style moderne with a Maori twist - nearly every building makes you feel like you've been transported to the early 20th century.

Plonked right amid the expansive vineyards in Hawke's Bay, the city also makes a perfect departure point for heading out to wine tastings. Journey 10 minutes south of downtown Napier and you'll find yourself at the stunning Cape Kidnappers peninsula.

Don't miss

Skip the guided art-deco walking tour and plan one for yourself: we recommend stopping by the National Telegraph and National Tobacco Company buildings, the iconic Maori Pania of the Reef Statue, and the coral-coloured Sound Shell concert hall, which offers an array of free shows. Once you've explored the pastel cafés and boutiques of Napier, venture outside of the centre of town for a day. Start off with a hike or bike ride up the region's Te Mata Peak for early morning views of the surrounding vineyards. Once you've worked up an appetite, hit up Te Mata Estate, New Zealand's oldest winery, for lunch involving too much Pinot Grigio. Keen to test out a few more grape varieties? Make sure to stop by the gorgeous Elephant Hill Wine Estate, which is one of the sprawling coastal wineries surrounding Napier, on your way back into the city.

For dinner back in town, Bistronomy, Pacifica and Mint are our favourites for continuing to overindulge.

Who to take with you

Your Gatsby-obsessed best friend.

When to go

November to March - these months that span from the Southern Hemisphere's late spring to early autumn seasons are ideal for wandering around in a sundress and catching a tan while snapping pics.

Most likely to bump into

International winemakers checking out the competition.

Essentials to bring with you

A polaroid camera and your snazziest cat-eye sunnies.

How to get there

Fly into Hawkes Bay Airport via Auckland, Wellington, or Christchurch.

Discover More
Queenstown, New Zealand

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The Style Gallery

We can make any suit you want. Choose your style from the gallery.

Know what you want?

Our team can make it for you

Speak to a stylist

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Syracuse football scores stunning upset of No. 17 Virginia Tech

Syracuse upset No. 17 Virginia Tech
Syracuse upset No. 17 Virginia Tech

Syracuse got their first win over a ranked opponent in four years on Saturday, never trailing en route to a 31-17 home victory over #17 Virginia Tech. The Orange (3-4, 1-2 ACC) scored less than two minutes into the game to take an early lead, then posted a pair of fourth quarter touchdowns to break a tie and grab the win.

The Hokies (4-2, 2-1) came into the game second in the nation in passing yards allowed per game and third in total yards allowed per game, but SU was unimpressed, rolling up 405 passing yards and 561 overall. The Syracuse defense, which had been maligned in recent weeks, held VT to 4-of-13 on third downs and forced a pair of turnovers in the game, one to prevent a Hokie touchdown and the other to seal the victory.

As they often have this season, the Orange offense got off to a quick start, this time needing less than two minutes to get on the scoreboard. Eric Dungey floated a pass to Erv Philips behind Virginia Tech’s coverage. Philips caught the ball and won a footrace to the end zone for a 58-yard touchdown. Cole Murphy added the extra point for a 7-0 lead and the Carrier Dome began rocking.

Two possessions later, the Hokies got a field goal to chip into the SU lead. On the first play of the second quarter, Syracuse stretched out that lead. Dungey pitched to running back Dontae Strickland, who threw deep to Brisly Estime. The halfback pass worked perfectly as Estime pulled in the ball near the midfield stripe and bolted for an 84-yard touchdown. Murphy added the extra point for a 14-3 Syracuse lead.

The Orange defense got into the act on the ensuing VT possession, snuffing out a fourth-and-one at the SU 38 when Zaire Franklin knifed into the backfield and dropped the Tech quarterback. SU marched down to the VT one-yard-line, but the guests responded with their own fourth down stop.

On their next possession, the Syracuse offense moved into scoring territory once more, but Murphy’s 53-yard field goal attempt was deflected and fell short with just over four minutes remaining in the first half.

» Related: Syracuse football feeling growing pains of new scheme

After the Hokies missed a field goal of their own, SU took over at their own 27 with under two minutes left. The Orange cashed in the possession, getting a 51-yard field goal from Murphy with four seconds remaining for a 17-3 halftime lead.

Tech opened the second half with a touchdown drive, but Josh Black blocked the extra point, keeping SU in front by eight points at 17-9. The Orange responded by driving into field goal range once more, but Dungey was picked off in the end zone.

Syracuse responded by ending the next Virginia Tech drive with their own interception in the end zone. Rodney Williams dove in front of a VT pass and secured it for a touchback. The Orange almost turned it into points, getting Murphy another field goal try, but his 51-yard attempt was wide to the left.

Just over a minute into the fourth quarter, the Hokies tied the game with a touchdown and two-point conversion.

That mattered not to the Orange, who methodically drove 75 yards in 17 plays for a touchdown. Dungey finished the march by sneaking in from a yard out and Murphy tacked on the extra point for a 24-17 SU lead with under eight minutes on the clock.

The Syracuse defense forced a three-and-out and Estime returned the ensuing punt 20 yards to the VT 37. On the fourth play of the drive, Strickland hammered through the Hokies from 16 yards out for a touchdown. Murphy added on the extra point and SU held a 31-17 lead with 5:23 to play.

A handful of plays later, Chris Slayton jarred the ball free from Tech quarterback Jerod Evans and De’Jon Wilson emerged from the pile with the ball for the Orange with 4:08 to play. SU, who had trouble moving the ball on the ground all night, ran the ball on their next seven plays, earning three first downs and running out the clock to seal the victory.

Eric Dungey connected on 28-of-53 passes for 311 yards and a touchdown while adding 106 yards on 24 rushing attempts with another touchdown. Dontae Strickland added 69 yards on 16 carries and a rushing touchdown to go with his 84-yard touchdown pass. Erv Philips had 11 catches for 139 yards and a score while Brisly Estime had eight receptions for 131 yards a touchdown.

Daivon Ellison had 11 tackles while Zaire Franklin ten stops or the second straight outing. De’Jon Wilson had a fumble recovery and a quarterback sack while Rodney Williams had an interception and Chris Slayton forced a fumble.

SU will travel to Boston College next Saturday in search of their first win streak of the year. The Eagles (3-3, 0-3) had their bye this week. Kickoff is set for 12:30pm Eastern with the game to be televised regionally by the ACC Network, as well as available online at

For more Syracuse coverage, Like our Facebook page and follow us @TheJuiceOnline.

About Jim Stechschulte 698 Articles
A 1996 graduate of Syracuse University, Jim has reported on Syracuse sports for the Syracuse University Alumni Club of Southern California on nearly a decade, where he currently resides. He has also written a fantasy basketball column published by Follow him on Twitter @DSafetyGuy.


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While on vacation recently with my friend Barby, we talked a lot about Face Book. For Barby, it’s an important part of her life, a way of keeping in touch with friends from afar.

I, however, have been a late arrival to the social media party. As recently as a year ago, I would say, “I’m on my computer all day long in my business. The LAST thing I feel like doing when I get home is to sit at the computer.”

Duh! Only recently did it dawn on me that most people weren’t scrolling though their news feeds while sitting at a desk – they were doing it on their phones, anywhere and everywhere! Which, as everyone knows, is more comfortable and fun. It doesn’t feel like an extension of work at all.

So during the past year, my phone has slowly evolved from a practical tool to a dispenser of tasty tidbits for my mind, to be enjoyed whenever there was a pause in my schedule. This shift has been accelerated by the political mayhem of the past year. No matter where I was, I felt the need to check my phone to see what was NEW. And oh boy! There was a lot of NEW every day!

But even though I was checking the news constantly and dabbling with Instagram, I hadn’t yet embraced Face Book. Now I’m glad that I never got hooked. With all the bad press that Face Book has been getting recently, many people are trying to leave Face Book, or at least take a break. And they are finding it very, very hard.

This from Globe correspondent Michael Andor Brodeur:

Search “quitting social media” and you’ll find pages and pages of brave souls chronicling their journeys into darkness as though they were wandering naked into the Amazon or lowering themselves into a well….My own breaks from social media have been characterized by long conscious bouts of distraction, frustration, impatience, and that most contemporary of insecurities, FOMA – fear of missing out.

As a meditator, I’m well aware of my own small addictions – cravings for sugar, distraction, entertainment, and confirmation of my own world views. They are endless, and can do real harm. I’m not smug…I’m as susceptible to little hits of dopamine as anyone, and there countless highly-paid individuals out there whose job is to ensure we stay addicted. Now I’m scared to go anywhere near FaceBook.

But it’s not easy to resist. (Even as I write this, I feel my iPhone beckoning to me.)

When the well’s dry, we know the worth of water.  ~Benjamin Franklin

I’ve done a fair amount of traveling to places where you should never, ever drink the water that comes out of the tap. Usually there’s bottled water available, but it takes vigilance to remember to use it every time you brush your teeth – a single lapse, and you could spend the next two days on the can.

Ice is also suspect. I tend to make a case by case decision about ice in my drinks. Sometimes it’s worth living dangerously to have a frozen margarita.

I came back from a vacation in Mexico last week, and the first few times I turned on a faucet, I was astonished to think that all the water rushing down the drain was potable. Every drop of the water we use to shower, to flush the toilet, wash our clothes and water the lawn has been purified to be safe for drinking. That means that the average U.S. household uses over 400 gallons of clean drinking water a day!

Doesn’t that seem crazy wasteful!?

On Cape Cod, we don’t have the kind of  severe droughts that afflict much of the world, so It’s easy to take our clean, abundant water for granted. But that’s not the way most of the world works. And not taking things for granted is important if we want to change the way we impact the earth.

This Earth Day, I’m committing to being more mindful of the worth of water. If you’d like to join me in reducing your water waste, consider the following:

1. Shower bucket. Instead of letting the water pour down the drain, stick a bucket under the faucet while you wait for your shower water to heat up. You can use the water for flushing the toilet or watering your plants.

2. Turn off the tap while brushing your teeth. Water comes out of the average faucet at 2.5 gallons per minute. Don’t let that water go down the drain while you brush! Turn off the faucet after you wet your brush, and leave it off until it’s time to rinse.

3. Turn off the tap while washing your hands. Do you need the water to run while you’re scrubbing your hands? Save a few gallons of water and turn the faucet off after you wet your hands until you need to rinse.

4. If It’s yellow, let it mellow. This tip might not be for everyone, but the toilet is one of the most water-intensive fixtures in the house. Do you need to flush every time?

6. Re-use your pasta cooking liquid. Instead of dumping that water down the drain, try draining your pasta water into a large pot. Once it cools, you can use it to water your plants. Just make sure you wait, because if you dump that boiling water on your plants, you might harm them.

7. Head to the car wash. If you feel compelled to wash your car, take it to a car wash that recycles the water, rather than washing at home with the hose.

8. Cut your showers short. Older shower heads can use as much as 5 gallons of water per minute. Speed things up in the shower for some serious water savings. And do you really need to shower daily? Skipping even one shower a week makes a difference.

9. Choose efficient fixtures. Aerating your faucets, investing in a low-flow toilet, choosing efficient shower heads, and opting for a Water Sense rated dishwasher and washing machine can add up to big water savings.

10. Use less electricity. Power plants use thousands of gallons of water to cool. Do your part to conserve power, and you’re indirectly saving water, too!

Today is day five of being sick. I’m coming out the other end, though I know the effects (bronchitis, cold sores) will linger for weeks. Still, I’m grateful for the opportunity it’s imposed upon me to “put it all down” for a few days. Illness, in its acute phase, is one of the few things strong enough to silence my incessant To Do mind. During the sickest days, illness insists I just be a body, even a suffering one, napping and breathing and occasionally getting up for a piece of toast.

One morning, I had just stepped out of the shower when a wave of dizziness and nausea came over me, demanding that I go lie down RIGHT NOW!  Wait!! Let me towel off first!  But my body would have none of that, so I staggered across the hall and put my dripping chilly body under the covers till the feeling passed.

Now, as I begin to feel better and clearer of head, it’s easy to think I have the energy to tackle some small projects. I mean, what is unexpected at-home time for? But the supply of energy is very limited, and I quickly hit the wall.

I have to admit that there’s something I love about this process. Maybe it’s because my day to day life is so out of balance. I mean, what does it say when I look forward to surgical anesthesia because it seems like one of the rare times I really rest?

I also want to thank my immune system for the fine job it’s been doing. I know it’s never a given that the battle will go my way. The virus, which probably arrived as a small raiding party that landed in my nose, proliferated quickly and swept through my body like Hitler’s forces sweeping across Europe and North Africa. (The rapidity and breadth of that sweep was one of the horribly dazzling take-aways from my visit to the World War II Museum in New Orleans.) Soon the battle was being waged on many fronts, hence the headaches, chest spasms, woozy stomach, low grade fever, and general feeling of having weights attached to my limbs.

Clearly now, the tide has turned, stability is being restored, and we’re mostly dealing with a cleanup operation. If I were a general, I would send the troops home on leave with a ration of whisky.

Between naps, I’ve been reading I Contain Multitudes, which is about the microbes within us. I should mention that the author, Ed Yong, takes issue with applying military metaphors to the immune system. What’s happening is far more subtle and complex. He says the immune system is more like a team of rangers carefully managing a national park, only the control flows in both directions as the immune system manages the microbes and the microbes manage the immune system.

There’s so much in this book! Read it if you want to know who/what you are.

New Orleans is a hazy fever dream of a city, with a history as winding and arabesque as the stretch of the Mississippi River Delta upon which it sits.  ~ Todd Plummer

It’s a glorious September weekend here on Cape Cod, which feels a little incongruous when disaster is raining down in so many places – hurricanes, flooding, earthquakes, fires gone wild.

Perhaps nature is telling us something. Something like, You do not control me. Or maybe, You cannot ignore me.

How often we ignore the natural world, treating it as a scenic backdrop to our human-centric busyness. Or treating it as simply a resource from which to extract whatever we need to sustain our standard of living. Our 24-hour lighting and climate-controlled buildings supports this confidence that nature is under our control. Things like sharks and earthquakes and hurricane only show up in the movies. Except in times like this.

I’m not saying that nature is a pissed-off Mother who is trying to teach us a lesson. (That’s just another view that puts us in the center of the universe.) If anything, natural disasters show us that we are not the end all and be all. Our deep ancestors knew their place in the scheme of things. Right now we could use a little of their wisdom, their humility.

It’s been an odd summer for me because of the trip to Africa plopped down in the middle of July. Between prepping for the trip, being away, and re-entering, there hasn’t been a lot of what I think of as summer.

So now I’m trying to grab a little of that old Cape Cod magic before summer is gone.

The other day, I took the ferry to Martha’s Vineyard with my friends Mary Ellen and Susie. It wasn’t a day trip – more like a half-day trip. But still, it was fun.

Our destination was Oak Bluffs and Illumination Night – an annual festival where all the gingerbread cottages that surround the old campground are lit up with paper lanterns. I’d never seen it, though I’ve read about its magic in books. (Check out Illumination Night, a novel by Alice Hoffman.)

While waiting for darkness to descend and the lanterns to come on, we had a wonderful dinner at the Red Cat Café in Oak Bluffs. (World’s best roasted brussel sprouts!) At the table next to us were two women visiting from Dubai, who told us that we absolutely must get donuts from Back Door Donuts after dinner. The apple fritters, they said, were TO DIE FOR!

They explained that the shop sells pretty conventional baked goods out of the storefront during the day, but at 7 p.m. every night after the shop closes, they open the back door to the parking lot and begin to sell truly amazing donuts, right out of hot oil, to a waiting crowd. Even the Obamas were known to stop by when they were on the island.

“Try to get there early,” they warned. “There will be a line.”

And indeed there was! Though it was not yet 7:00, several hundred people were already queued up, waiting. A festive, chatty mood animated the crowd. The folks ahead of us in line were flabbergasted to hear that Susie had never, ever eaten a donut before. NEVER?  Nope, never. This seemed like a pretty good place to start! We speculated whether apple fritters counted, and whether we might be able to cage a few free donuts, given the historic moment.

Ixnay to that idea, but the apple fritters were as delicious as advertised, a perfect blend of hot sugary crispness and grease.

The illumination part of the evening was less successful. It was the tradition to precede the lantern-lighting with a hearty, patriotic sing-along in the Tabernacle that anchors the campground. The singing went on and on and on till we finally had to bolt for the shuttle bus, lest we miss the last ferry back to the mainland. Never did see the lights.

Better luck next year!

So my January staycation to date: so far, it’s felt like a month of Saturdays. Not Saturday in the sense of Wheee! A day off to relax and have fun! — I’ve actually been quite busy doing stuff for the business and around the house. I’m talking about the way Saturdays feel different from Sundays. On Saturdays, with the buffer of Sunday ahead, I usually enjoy a relaxed sense of time. On Sundays, there’s a subtle tension – a fear of running out of time to do all the things I want to do before the work week begins again.

More than anything, my January staycation has been a vacation from that time stress. I know that after this day there will be another day off, and then another one, and another.

Recently, I was looking over some of my past blog posts, and was appalled to see how much I write about Too Much To Do And Not Enough Time. OMG! I thought.  I sound like such a whiner! I must vow to never write about that topic again!

But after some reflection, I changed my mind. First, because I want to talk authentically from my life, and time-stress is a big part of my day-to-day experience. (I actually prefer the term time-hunger, which is kind of like air-hunger, the panicky feeling that arises when we can’t get enough air. I like it because it shifts attention to the bodily response I have when I think, not enough time.)

Plus, this stress is experienced by many if not most people in our modern world – you could call it a societal disease. As such, it’s worth investigating more deeply.

As my month off winds down, I’m sure I’ll be feeling more of that anxious Sunday feeling. So forgive me if I continue to go on about this topic. I don’t want to just complain, but to understand.

Exuberant, energizing, kindhearted. Wonderful day after an awful day.

I love Provincetown in the winter. For a brief refuge from everyday life, it’s perfect for me – just far enough to feel away, but easy to get to.

During my short visit this week, I stayed in a little cottage that was serenely and beautifully appointed with books, artwork, a big work table, a cushy bed, and two vintage velvet armchairs just made for curling up and reading. It was a block off Commercial Street, and at this time of year even Commercial Street is very quiet.

Most of the stores were closed, so there was no temptation to shop. Also closed were most of the coffee shops and restaurants, but soup, sandwiches and other provisions could be found at Far Lands, Bradford Natural Market, or the two or three restaurants that remained open.

There were people about – not many, but enough that the town didn’t feel deserted, and few enough that we naturally greeted each other on the street. It’s nice to have both solitude and human contact in winter.

Mostly I read, wrote, and took short walks. At night, with the holiday lights and window decorations still sparking in the empty streets, the place felt magical. Friday morning, I woke up to find the town covered with snow. That afternoon I went to see Manchester by the Sea at the little movie theater. When I returned to my cottage I had a good cathartic, much needed cry.

It was perfect!

In a parallel universe, I’ve just arrived in Delhi, and am spending the night at an airport hotel before flying to Rishikesh for a week in an ashram on the Ganges. My India trip was cancelled a few weeks ago, but the calendar on my phone hasn’t gotten the memo, and is continually updating me about what’s happening and where I’m heading next (Jaipur, Pushkar, Bundi). I could probably find a way to disable these messages, but I like knowing what alt-me is doing. I hope she’s having a good time, or at least isn’t scared.

It would also be good if alt-me were feeling well rested and ready for the intensity of India. But how could she be, having experienced the same grueling October/November/December as I have? The anxiety and woe of the election, the unexpected deaths and illnesses of friends, the fatigue and moderate insomnia? Also, the crazy busyness at work…we both would have worked non-stop right through Christmas Eve, closing the shop just in time to dash to the mall for a last-minute Christmas gift, and then home roast a tenderloin and take it to a party. Flying out four days later would have been nuts.

So most of the time I feel that the cancellation of the trip has been a blessing, because India requires a level of stamina that I’m not feeling at the moment. For Plan B, I’ve booked a tiny cottage in Provincetown for three nights, where I plan to nap, write, read, meditate, and reflect on life. And then I plan to take a substantial amount of time off in January – a staycation to sort things out that need sorting. I will do my best to appreciate each moment of ordinary life, and not go chasing after bright shiny objects.

But India still twinkles at me. Maybe next year??

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Social Change During the Covid-19 Pandemic: ethics, norms and how the vulnerable cope

A consideration of how the Covid-19 pandemic is requiring rapid change in social norms to protect vulnerable members of society, and how these norms are being reinforced. This article focuses on the realities now being faced by United States homeless populations.

Someone is walking toward you, but slowly. You’re the only two on the sidewalk. As you approach each other, the person avoids eye contact; as you get even closer, you see him step to the side. He circles around you, keeping a wide berth. What you don’t see is how he closes in behind you, rejoining the path he had strayed from just before. You both continue away from each other.

You’re walking home from the grocery store, and you are watching the people milling in the bike path when you notice a man walking away from a window close by. An elderly woman sees you and greets you, loudly. She’s behind the screen, but she’s asking you how you’re doing – you tell her you’re all right, and she hopes you stay healthy! You tell her the same, and you keep walking home.

Your friend has invited you to dinner, but your living situation is complicated. You have a roommate who’s insisting that all trips out of the house are discussed before anyone leaves. You’re supposed to tell them where you’re going and who you’re thinking about seeing, and you have to vet the person. It feels like you’re sharing your sexual history.

People are telling you that now, you must restrict yourself. You, and everyone else, are responsible for other’s lives. You must change for the good of others. You need to give up your small conveniences, your dates, your picnics down by the river, your toilet paper and your jobs. You will stay at home, and you will entertain yourself. The government will send you a check.

How we walk, meet and greet each other; how we socialize, and how we confine ourselves (or do not confine ourselves) to our homes: these are some of the most basic changes that we have had to make since the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic in the United States. Part of this change is about how we connect with others, yet another is how we support them. We are in a place where we must be asking ourselves how our behavior will affect ourselves, our friends and family, and society at large. This means making many difficult decisions to slow the spread of the virus.

Some people go to greater lengths than others. Some take it far less seriously than others, and some populations are more vulnerable than others. I have been thinking a lot over the past few weeks about how the pandemic is affecting the communities in the United States that are marginalized or exist on the outskirts of society. I have also been considering the social ethics that have arisen as a result of the pandemic, and how new norms are resulting in behavioral changes partly reinforced by social shaming and guilt.

The spread of the Covid-19 virus was designated a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11th. Harvard had announced its imminent closure the day before. My mother, who has been teaching me survival skills since I was a small child – she stored buckets of beans and rice in the basement for Y2K – has been tracking the virus since its appearance in China in December 2019. She reminded me the other day that she had warned me, she had told me to buy masks. She knew it was going to get bad and then worse.

Mom is retired at 67 and has been stocking up again. She has cans, jars, bags and boxes of food tucked away in her room, enough to feed her for at least six months. She is not planning on leaving her room until at least July, although she is relying on experts to judge how long she will isolate. People who are not doctors, she says, get no credence. When she does go out, it is for the mail, and she goes with a mask, gloves, disinfectant spray, and she tucks the mail away on the porch for a few days before opening it. If she needs to go to the ATM, it is in the dark of night, with the gloves and the mask.

My mother is just one of many people who is higher risk during this coronavirus crisis. The elderly, the sick, those with underlying conditions; people working in “essential jobs”; lower-income families; undocumented immigrants; prisoners; the homeless, and more – these groups are more vulnerable than other segments of the United States population. These are the communities the American population is shutting down to protect.

As I have walked and biked around Cambridge and Harvard Square over the past few weeks, I have noticed how the homeless are living. Earlier in March, they were grouping together more than I have observed in the year and a half I have been here. They were still gathering outside the Porter and Harvard T stops, or in the parks, or close to Harvard’s Smith Center. Today, there were no people lingering outside of the Porter T station.

I have wondered how the lives of the homeless have changed during this crisis. Where are they getting information about the virus? Where are they sleeping? Are they isolating themselves, how could they be isolating themselves?

I met a man on March 27 while I was out on a bike ride who was able to help me understand more about how Cambridge’s homeless community is coping with the virus. The young man, who is just about my age, told me that his community includes not only the homeless, but also junkies, addicts, prostitutes, and “forest kids.” The community he is a part of, he told me, lives on the edge of society.

I was sitting on the bridge between Harvard’s Kennedy School and the sports center across the river when he first approached me. He was pushing his bike across the bridge and stopped to say something. I told him not to come too close – the virus, after all – and we started talking about the situation, and many other things besides. As we talked, he revealed how he was perceiving the virus.

He was not taking it seriously. He joked about the “sanitized community” – mainstream society – and called his own the “unsanitized.” He laughed that larger society is panicking, wearing gloves and masks and buying up all of the hand sanitizer.

The young man also told me that he does not believe that you will become sick if you have a certain perspective, or perhaps outlook, on the virus. I did not fully understand his argument, but it seemed as though he thought that a person’s immune system responds to his perspective, and if that person believes he will not catch the virus, his immune system will respond accordingly. The young man seemed afraid, though, as we more deeply discussed how serious the virus is and might become.

In general, he told me, the homeless community does not need that much money to survive. He had handled perhaps $100 over the past year. For food, the homeless either ask strangers to help them buy a meal, or they go to the local food banks. They generally do not dumpster-dive, but they especially do not want regular people to notice them and to start a “witch hunt” during the coronavirus pandemic.

However, food donations from strangers are likely no longer the most viable way for a homeless person to find a meal. The next week, while I was walking to the grocery store, a different homeless man asked me for a few dollars. I knew I did not want to get close to him for fear of the virus. “Not today.”  As I walked past him, I heard him curse under his breath. I wondered whether this man was at the end of his rope. How many people now would stop to get a meal or hand a few dollars to another person who is homeless?

On April 2nd, The Guardian reported on the problem of keeping food banks stocked for those in need. The Guardian took data from 9 American states, all of which claimed that demand is sharply increasing as Americans lose their jobs. While “the working poor, elderly and disabled and infirm accounted for the vast majority of food bank users,” about a third of those seeking aid today have never needed it before.[1]  This means that America’s homeless populations will be struggling on all counts to find meals as they usually would.

In part, these interactions and revelations have forced me to consider how poorly educated most of us were about the virus in the first few weeks of the crisis. The response of the United States has been unique in that the states are left to decide how to deal with the virus, and when to impose social distancing and other more stringent rules. At the same time, the news media is compromised by mis- and disinformation, and President Trump at first blew off the severity of the virus. We have in many ways been slow to respond to the threat, and utterly unprepared for it.

As the young man revealed, members of his community were still debating the severity of the virus at the end of March. This led me to wonder how the homeless have been getting information about the virus. His community was still gathering on the 27th of March, and he seemed upset that there was no place to meet for weekly dinners. Where had he gotten his idea about somehow being immune to the virus? Was his community not taking it seriously because, in part, they were uninformed about it? Or because of lack of trust of mainstream society and the government?

The young man told me about a conversation he had with another man on a bench near Mt. Auburn. We were discussing how the homeless, and those living without permanent addresses, might receive $1200 stimulus checks from the US Federal Government. The general attitude, he said, is that the government assistance is just propaganda. His community believes that they will only believe that a check exists when they see one.

On April 1st, The Boston Globe reported that “Social Security beneficiaries who typically do not file a tax return will automatically get the $1,200 payment.”[2] This was a reversal of a previous IRS announcement on March 30th that had set off a storm of criticism. Their website had announced that those who receive social security would need to “file a ‘simple’ tax return” in order to receive a stimulus check; such a form was not yet available. However, this stipulation also neglected many other members of society, including higher risk populations. The article cited the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities to illustrate this point: “More than 15 million Americans on Social Security do not file an annual tax return because their income is so low.”

While the Globe does not cite anything specifically about homeless populations, it noted that other Americans who will not receive stimulus money include high school and college students – parents do not receive money for children older than 16 – and immigrant families, as “each person in the household – including children – is supposed to have a valid Social Security number.” The homeless with no social security numbers are therefore not eligible.

Government responses to the critical question of what to do to protect more vulnerable communities are still developing. There were “more than 552,800 homeless people in the US” in 2018.[3] According to medical researchers, the homeless are doubly vulnerable to the virus because they are closely quartered, share utensils and often have no place to wash their hands.[4] The homeless are also often chronically sick and do not have access to reliable health care. They are sometimes also more vulnerable to lung-related illnesses: in one Seattle hospital, “32 percent of people who had a common respiratory illness were homeless, compared with 7 percent of all patients hospitalized.”[5]

The response at the national level to the issue of homelessness has been to provide general guidelines on how those working with the homeless population should safely conduct their duties. The National Low Income Housing Coalition has listed federal guidance for those working with homeless populations and in shelters, which includes instruction for emergency hygiene practice; how to communicate with clients and navigate isolation; as well as how to properly provide sleeping mats and access to clean and stocked bathrooms.[6] Shelters are also generally not spaces that have the capacity for effective social distancing. People share rooms and bunk beds in some shelters; floor mats are placed in empty rooms during colder months; spaces, including large cafeterias, “recreation rooms, bathrooms and laundry facilities are shared.”[7]

States are responding to the problem of homelessness in varying ways. In Silicon Valley, the homeless population has already been affected. Santa Clara County, California, where one homeless person has already died from the virus, has a population of 9,700 homeless individuals. Many homeless individuals are still in the streets in parts of LA, often living close together in tents – shelters in the city are now often at full capacity. Los Angeles officials responded with plans “to bring hand-washing stations, portable toilets, and weekly shower stations to these encampments,” although this solution is still not sufficient to prevent rapid spread of the virus.[8]

As the hardest-hit state in the country, New York has had to scramble to address the mounting problems that the coronavirus is causing. New York City has already given its homeless shelters instructions on screening, identifying and isolating those who already have the coronavirus.[9] As of April 6th, however, 392 members of the New York City’s homeless population were being isolated in undisclosed hotels around the city, having either tested positive for the virus or “out of an abundance of caution.” Officials stated that there were 700 places for the homeless who become afflicted by the virus. Another 213 homeless in shelters across the city had also tested positive.[10]

In San Francisco, outreach teams work to inform the homeless and provide them with hand sanitizer and have set up hand-washing stations in the streets.[11] There are nearly 10,000 homeless people in the city, but as of April 3rd, the city was only planning to acquire 4,500 rooms for isolation and self-quarantine.[12] By April 6th, three homeless individuals had tested positive for the virus.[13] They are all isolated in hotel rooms. These rooms will also become “available for homeless shelter residents who are over 60 or have underlying health conditions.”

Such a dire situation is requiring that the United States takes a hard look at how we support the most vulnerable citizens of our society. This and other ethical debates are evolving as society copes with the crisis, and conversations about ethical responsibility and social change are already echoing across America’s media, academic and other institutions. The question is how this ethical change will develop into the future.

The John Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics has provided ethical guidelines and recommendations for several the populations more susceptible to the coronavirus. On the one hand, they note, poor children and poor families will be most impacted by school closings, as students often get free or reduced lunch at school, and parents also rely on school for childcare. At the same time, some individuals are disproportionately impacted by social distancing guidelines – others, such as the homeless, cannot follow such guidelines.[14]

In her article “The Ethics of Coronavirus,” Heather Anderson of the Indiana School of Medicine notes that globally, there are new public obligations that must be fulfilled in order to protect our communities from the coronavirus. Recommendations include hygiene guidelines such as washing hands and getting the flu shot, but also requires that citizens remain informed without panicking, use resources – such as masks – rationally, and to stay home if sick. Other concerns include the global and local distribution of medical equipment; restrictions to individual freedoms; the closing of state or international borders; and an ethnocentric explanation for the spread of the disease that places the burden of responsibility on ethnicities or religious groups.[15]

Such considerations have prompted the development of practical rules to prevent the spread of Covid-19. A major recommendation in the United States has been “social distancing,” which requires that people stay at least six feet apart from each other in public spaces. Schools, many businesses and institutions have closed all over the country, and residents are in many areas are ordered to shelter-at-home. The federal government has also “warned against all gatherings of more than 10 people.” Experts have argued that we should be limiting our outdoor exercise, choosing “off-peak” hours to run errands and canceling play dates.[16] People have even begun questioning whether small acts, such as ordering takeout, having sex with partners, visiting sick relatives and going to see your doctor for non-urgent problems.[17]

Our social norms are shifting and requiring more of us to both think about, as well as reinforce, these varying “rules.” In some cases, people are using practices of social shaming and guilt-tripping to reinforce new norms, whether they pertain to patterns meeting and greeting, sidewalk etiquette, self-isolation or wearing masks in public.

The practice of shaming is occurring both in the streets and on social media. Some people have begun “quarantine shaming” people who are failing to social distance. Officials in the US, UK and Canada have described these individuals as “selfish, arrogant or self-destructive,” whereas social media users criticize those who attend public gatherings.[18]

Residents of some cities must be wary of their photograph being taken while they are outside – they might be shared publicly online. Others face censorious remarks if they have posted pictures of Spring Break vacationing or other outdoor adventures on social media. The wealthy are also being shamed for their complaints, largely for their ability to ride out the virus comfortably in multi-million-dollar mansions.[19] Shaming might also be directed at the people “escaping” from urban areas to “more vulnerable areas that have incredibly limited medical resources.”[20]

These new pressures, at both the national and local levels, are essential for mobilizing large segments of the population to change their behavior for the greater good. While in some cases this might take more extreme forms than warranted, and certain restrictions – particularly those resulting in unemployment – have drastically affected the population, all social contact has the potential to catalyze the infection of a much larger group of people.

The question is whether we will manage to adopt all of the changes needed to sufficiently slow the spread of the virus, and whether we will be able to look on those we have been working to protect – the more vulnerable segments of the United States population – with new eyes in the future. Will this challenge to America’s moral compass provoke evolution as we are finally able to begin recovering from the Covid-19 crisis?

[1] Lakhani, Nina. “’A Perfect Storm’: US facing hunger crisis as demand for food bank soars.” April 2 2020. Accessed 4.6.2020.

[2] Long, Heather. “The list of who won’t get a $1200 stimulus check is growing – and includes some surprising groups.” April 1 2020. Accessed 4.6.2020.

[3] Kim, Catherine. “During the Covid-19 pandemic, nowhere is safe for homeless people.” Vox. March 18 2020. Accessed 4.6.2020.

[4] Fuller, Thomas. “Coronavirus Outbreak Has America’s Homeless at Risk of ‘Disaster.’ The New York Times. March 10 2020. Accessed 4.6.2020.

[5] Fuller, Thomas. “Coronavirus Outbreak Has America’s Homeless at Risk of ‘Disaster.’ The New York Times. March 10 2020. Accessed 4.6.2020.

[6] Covid-19: Coronavirus and Housing/Homelessness. National Low Income Housing Coalition. 2020. Accessed 4.6.2020.

[7] Lang, Marissa J., Moyer, Justin and Tiku, Nitasha. Washington Post. March 20 2020. “Cities struggle to protect vulnerable homeless populations as coronavirus spreads.” Accessed 4.6.2020.

[8] Kim, Catherine. “During the Covid-19 pandemic, nowhere is safe for homeless people.” Vox. March 18 2020. Accessed 4.6.2020.

[9] Fuller, Thomas. “Coronavirus Outbreak Has America’s Homeless at Risk of ‘Disaster.’ The New York Times. March 10 2020. Accessed 4.6.2020.

[10] Celona, Larry; Marsh, Julia and Fitz-Gibbon, Jorge. “Hundreds of homeless with coronavirus or symptoms housed at NYC hotels.” New York Post. April 6 2020. Accessed 4.6.2020.

[11] Lang, Marissa J., Moyer, Justin and Tiku, Nitasha. Washington Post. March 20 2020. “Cities struggle to protect vulnerable homeless populations as coronavirus spreads.” Accessed 4.6.2020.

[12] Reuters. “Coronavirus Forces San Francisco to Put Homeless Into Hotels.” The New York Times. April 3 2020. Accessed 4.6.2020.

[13] Kendall, Marisa. “Two more coronavirus cases at a San Francisco homeless shelter.” April 6 2020.  The Mercury News. Accessed 4.6.2020.

[14] “Overview: Ethical Concerns in Responding to Coronavirus.” Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics. March 23 2020. Accessed 4.6.2020.

[15] Anderson, Heather. “The Ethics of Coronavirus.” Indiana University School of Medicine. March 6 2020. Accessed 4.6.2020.

[16] Goldman, Leslie. “What are the rules of social distancing?’ Vox. March 27 2020. Accessed 4.6.2020.

[17] Kluger, Jeffrey. “’Is Ordering Takeout Unethical?’ A Medical Ethicist Answers Some of the Most Common Moral Questions Around Coronavirus.” Time. March 16 2020. Accessed 4.6.2020.

[18] Cheung, Helier. “Coronavirus: How to go for a walk safely, without getting shamed.” BBC News Washington DC. March 25 2020. Accessed 4.6.2020.

[19] Brown, Jennifer. “Social media shaming is spiking during the coronavirus pandemic, for better or worse.” The Colorado Sun. April 1 2020. Accessed 4.6.2020.

[20] Flaccus, Gillian. “‘Quarantine shaming’: US navigated radical new social norms in the wake of coronavirus.” Chicago Tribune – Associated Press. March 19 2020. Accessed 4.6.2020.

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Haley Bader

Hey! You've made it to my site, and I'm thrilled to introduce myself... my name is Haley, a writer and artist with a passion for adventure, volunteering, cooking and generally tossing myself into some sorts of shenanigans. I hope you enjoy what you find!

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Posted in #lifestyle, Senza categoria

Tea Collection!

Tea collection (2)

Hi Everyone! So something that I seem to acquire a lot of is tea.  My family and I are quite big tea drinkers and so today I thought that I would share some of my favourite flavoured teas.

tea collection 1

I’ve become quite adventurous when it now comes to tea and have been enjoying trying a range of different tea blends.  Peppermint tea is a blend which is really sharp and fresh,  I think this specific tea is like marmite, you either love it or loathe it, I do think however, that it does take some getting used to.

Ginger tea is one of my all time fav teas! Its especially good for your digestive system *hence why I began to drink it* but has a nice kick to it, perfect for these winter days! I also have Ginger tea with Manuka Honey which is a nice alternative to just ginger and sweetens it up.  I’ve also recently tried a Green Tea and Tumeric blend which had a real kick to it.

tea collection 2

For years at bedtime I have been drinking Camomile tea, I think I began to drink this when I went through a period of insomnia, I only planned to take it during that rough period but ended up drinking it every night! Again, it takes a while to acquire a taste for camomile tea, but it is a great option to have when you want to relax.

My brothers particularly enjoy drinking Strawberry and Raspberry teas, I particularly find this tea quite sweet, but it makes a nice drink especially for the summer as you can add ice cubes to make it an iced tea!

Obviously, we also have regular blends of tea such as Breakfast tea but I thought that this post might be of interest to any other tea enthusiasts out there! Leave in the comments other tea’s that you think I might like

Clare x

I'm Clare, a 22 year old history masters student from Scotland . I created this space in 2015 to talk about some of my fav things *cue the sound of music* ranging from food to makeup to travel. Feel free to follow the blog and my Instagram which is maple_clouds17

2 thoughts on “Tea Collection!

  1. Nice collection there. Perfect on a day like today. My favourite at the moment is good old green tea with lemon. 🙂

    Liked by 1 person

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Photography In Public Is Not A Crime

Photography In Public Is Not A Crime
Sadly, we talk way too often about police arresting people for doing nothing other than taking a picture or filming them. The police officers being filmed and photographed make these arrests using various excuses, but frequently the charges get dropped for lack of merit. The reason charges rarely stick when an officer is filmed is because filming police, or anyone in a public space, is not illegal. Some people may not like it, but it is a fact.
The New York Times is waking up to this fact that photography is not a crime. In an interview with Mickey H. Osterreicher, general counselor for the National Press Photographers Association, they get down to the nitty gritty of the legalities surrounding this age old tradition. They also talk a bit about just why such arrests are happening more frequently.
I haven't really thought of criminalizing photography as something to do with 9/11 before. I know that a lot of our rights have been eroded since that day, but the photography aspect never really clicked until now. Just as Mickey can't make heads nor tails of this argument, I am struggling to find a connection here. I don't recall cameras being a part of the plots to destroy the Twin Towers, Pentagon or White House.
Life seems to go on without effort when I am filled with music. ― George Eliot
Of course there could be more reasons for this increase in arresting photographers. Mickey suspects that part of the reason is the proliferation of the camera. Pretty much everyone with a smartphone has a camera capable of taking some very high quality pictures. Prior to this boom, the police had some modicum of control over the press. (Source:

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The Secrets of Willpower

Many of us have been taught to believe that we have to develop and build willpower. To add another duty to our growing list of responsibilities, especially when “having great willpower” does nothing for the average person at any given moment. There are hidden secrets of willpower that aren’t given the credit they deserve forContinue reading “The Secrets of Willpower”

Building the Mind in Four Steps

“Man can build up his mind and make it what he wills. In fact, we are mind-building every hour of our lives, either consciously or unconsciously.” It is not just my own opinion that a weak mind makes for a weak body and weak decision making skills, or that a strong mind makes for aContinue reading “Building the Mind in Four Steps”


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Kitty Cat Kid Shoes

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Nessa the Chemist

My Activity

Data management for high-throughput chemistry (Invited conference talk)
VISTA Symposium on Artificial Intelligence & Data Science-assisted Synthesis

Jul 2021

Sowing the seeds of discovery: Automated reaction optimization in agrochemistry (Invited conference talk)
University of Sydney

Jun 2021

High-throughput chemical reaction optimization (Invited conference talk)
European Robotics Forum

Apr 2021

Optimization of a mechanistically-complex Stille reaction for agrochemical SAR exploration (Invited conference talk)
American Chemical Society Fall Meeting

Apr 2021

Networking: Keeping science connected (Invited breakout room host)
Nottingham Celebrating Women in Chemistry

Mar 2021

Making HTE easier & more accessible to scientists (Invited panelist)
20/15 Visioneers

Feb 2021

Data, Digitalization & Artificial Intelligence (Invited workshop host)

Feb 2021

Careers in chemistry research at Syngenta (Invited conference talk)
e-YCN @ EuChemS Chemistry Congress

Aug 2020

Chemistry and automation (Invited symposium talk)
Oxford University Pharmacology Society Pharma R&D Symposium

Feb 2020

Twitter and freelancing for chemists (Invited guest lecture, MoSMed CDT)
Durham University

Jan 2020

Organic Chemistry – but Faster (Invited research seminar)
University of Kent, UK

Oct 2019

Freelancing for chemists (Invited conference talk)
ICIQ PhD Day, Tarragona, Spain

Jun 2019

Digital media for careers in chemistry (Invited conference talk)
Nottingham Women in Chemistry Conference, University of Nottingham, UK

Mar 2019

High-Throughput Reaction Optimization (Invited career talk)
RSC Careers & Networking Event, Burlington House, London, UK

Dec 2018

WHY make unnatural amino acids?
Out Thinkers, London, UK

Feb 2018

Cotton & Wilkinson Student Seminar Series

Organized the seminar series and gave four of the talks on the chemistries of the transition metal elements.
Jun–Aug 2016

Law and Narcotics
Oxford University, UK

Oct 2011

Event organization

A list of events I've organized or helped to organize.
OUSS = Oxford University Scientific Society

Date Speaker/Title
Mar 2021 UK National Retrosynthesis Competition
(RSC HSG) Popular, national competition for academics and industry synthetic chemists in the UK. Competing teams compose a retrosynthesis and forward synthesis of a complex natural product over several months, then present their results before a panel of judges.
Oct 2020 SCI Automated Intelligent Chemistry conference
(SCI YCP) Conference over two afternoons, to bring together experts from industry and academics/students alike, interested in developing or using automation within organic and medicinal chemistry
Jul 2020 2020 Retrosynthesis Competition Winners' Showcase
Virtual webinar from SCI YCP and FCG
Jul 2020 SCI YCP-FCG webinar: Scott Bagley, Pfizer, and Richard Horan, GSK
"Pd-catalysed preparation of cyclic alkenylsulfonyl fluorides: a new motif for sulfur-fluoride exchange"
"Control in process development: Evolution of the manufacturing route to vestipitant"
Jul 2020 SCI YCP-FCG webinar: Stephen Thomas, University of Edinburgh, & Iustina Slabu, Johnson Matthey
"Modern approaches to reduction reactions"
"Biocatalysed nitro reductions and main group catalysis for hydroboration reactions"
Jun 2020 SCI YCP-FCG webinar: Kevin Lam, University of Greenwich
"Electrons, cations, and radicals: An electrifying journey"
Jun 2020 SCI YCP-FCG webinar: Lars Baerfacker, Bayer Pharmaceuticals
"Discovery of finerenone: An MR antagonist for the treatment of cardiorenal disease"
Jun 2020 SCI YCP-FCG webinar: Matthew Burns & Jean-Marc Henry, AstraZeneca
"AZD5718: Route design to manufacture"
May 2020 SCI YCP-FCG webinar: Dave Lathbury, Astute Chemical Design
"Early CMC studies in drug development, medicinal chemistry-chemical development interface"
May 2020 SCI YCP-FCG webinar: Liza Dunn, Bayer Crop Sciences
"Pesticides are critical for public health"
May 2020 SCI YCP-FCG webinar: Vicky Steadman, Eurofins
"Discovery of a potent and orally-bioavailable macrocyclic cyclophilin inhibitor"
Dec 2019 26th SCI Annual Review Meeting
"Catalysis and Enabling Technologies for Synthesis"
Sep 2019 RSC HSG 34th Postgraduate Symposium
Two plenary speakers and 8 postgraduate research talks, as well as flash presentations & poster session, held at AstraZeneca Macclesfield
May 2019 RSC HSG: 24th Grasmere Heterocyclic Symposium
Five-day RSC organic chemistry conference with international plenary speakers
Feb 2019 Dr Suzie Sheehy, Oxford University Particle physics
(OUSS) Particle accelerators: from curiosity-driven research to life-changing technology
Jan 2019 Dr Katherine Wheelhouse, GSK Chemistry
(OUSS) Don’t process chemists just make things bigger?
Nov 2018 Prof Varinder Aggarwal, Bristol University Chemistry
(OUSS) Organic synthesis in the 21st century, and why fish is always served with a slice of lemon
Nov 2018 Prof Brad Gibson, University of Hull Astrophysics
(OUSS) The death of planet Earth
Nov 2018 Dr Elsa Sotiriadis, the Biofuturist Biology
(OUSS) How biology became the next great software revolution
Nov 2018 Prof Chris Fairburn, Oxford NHS Trust Psychiatry
(OUSS) Developing effective psychological treatments
Oct 2018 Prof Richard Barker, New Medicine Partners Biomedical sciences
(OUSS) Bioscience: lost in translation?
Oct 2018 Prof J Doyne Farmer, Oxford University Economics
(OUSS) Prediction in economics and elsewhere
Oct 2018 Richard Dinan, Applied Fusion Systems Engineering
(OUSS) Will fusion reactors power space rockets?
May 2018 Dr Josh Mouland, Manchester University Biology
(OUSS) How light affects our internal body clocks
May 2018 Prof Steve Goldup, University of Southampton Chemistry
(OUSS) Nanoscale machinery: from molecular machines to molecular asymmetry
Apr 2018 Liz Parrish, BioViva Sciences Gerontology
(OUSS) The woman who wants to genetically engineer you: gene and cell therapies to cure ageing
Mar 2018 Prof Anders Sandberg, Oxford University Physics
(OUSS) Physical eschatology: what can we say about the far future?
Feb 2018 Libby Jackson, UK Space Agency Engineering
(OUSS) Humans in space: what’s next?
Feb 2018 Prof Jane McKeating, Oxford University Biology
(OUSS) Oxygen tension regulates hepatitis virus replication & pathology
Feb 2018 Dr Richard Smith, British Medical Journal Science
(OUSS) The many defects in how we publish science
Feb 2018 TOAD distillery
(OUSS) Field trip
Jan 2018 Dr Claire Patterson, AstraZeneca Biopharmaceutics
(OUSS) A spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down?
Jan 2018 Dr Fabrizio Schifano, University of Hertfordshire Chemistry
(OUSS) Recent changes in drug scenarios and cognitive enhancers
Nov 2017 Dr Colin Wright, Solipsys Ltd Mathematics
(OUSS) Juggling: theory and practice
Oct 2017 Prof Terezinha Nunes, Oxford University Psychology
(OUSS) Using mathematics to understand the world
Oct 2017 Prof Wade Allison, Oxford University Physics
(OUSS) Trust, energy, and the environment – nuclear, please, 24/7!
2016 Cotton & Wilkinson student seminar series Chemistry
A series of 18 talks over 9 evenings, on the chemistry of transition metal elements
May 2013 Dr Eric Werner, Oxford University Biology
(OUSS) Cancer Networks
May 2013 Prof Lloyd Peck, British Antarctic Survey Zoology
(OUSS) Life in the frozen state
May 2013 Dr June McCombie MBE, Nottingham University Science
Women's Lecture: Making the invisible visible
May 2013 Prof Joe Sweeney, University of Huddersfield Chemistry
(OUSS) Big bad pharma
Apr 2013 Prof Chris Cooper, University of Essex Biochemistry
(OUSS) The science behind drugs and doping in sport
Feb 2013 Prof Sir John Meurig Thomas, Cambridge University Science
(OUSS) Unpredictability and change in science and technology
Feb 2013 Prof Gero Miesenböck, Oxford University Neuroscience
(OUSS) Optogenetics in neuroscience
Feb 2013 Gary Taubes (author),
Prof Philip James, World Obesity Federation,
Prof Sir Richard Peto, Oxford University
(OUSS) Sloth, gluttony, or hormones? This house believes that hormones, not calories, make us fat (debate)
Feb 2013 Prof Rob Stockman, Nottingham University Chemistry
(OUSS) From chemical weapons to chemotherapy
Feb 2013 Prof Hugh Hunt, Cambridge University Mathematics
(OUSS) Boomerangs, bouncing balls, and spinning things
Jan 2013 Neuroskeptic (blogger) Neuroscience
(OUSS) Getting the brain wrong
Jan 2013 Prof Steve Jones, UCL Biology
(OUSS) The joy of sects: rewriting the Bible as a scientific textbook
Jan 2013 Jessica Richman, uBiome Genetics
(OUSS) uBiome: Sequencing the human microbiome through citizen science
Nov 2012 Prof Sir David Baulcombe, Cambridge University Genetics
(OUSS) The dark matter of genetics
Nov 2012 Dr Harry Witchel, Brighton & Sussex Medical School Psychology
(OUSS) Reading the body language of engagement
Nov 2012 Dr Mark Oxborrow, National Physical Laboratory Physics
(OUSS) Maser (microwave laser) at room temperature for the first time
Oct 2012 Lord Ronald Oxburgh, House of Lords Technology
(OUSS) Energy for all – but from where?
Oct 2012 Mark Henderson, Wellcome Trust
George Monbiot, The Guardian
Tracy Brown, Sense About Science
(OUSS) The Geek Manifesto (panel discussion)
Oct 2012 Prof Ian Fleming, Cambridge University Chemistry
(OUSS) Short cuts: anecdotes from a research career
Oct 2012 Prof Kieran Clarke, Oxford University Biochemistry
(OUSS) A new fuel source for a human body
Jun 2012 Chemistry at the Garden Chemistry
Oxford Botanic Garden: audio trail and scientific poster session
Jun 2012 Manchester Girl Geeks @ MOSI Mathematics
Mathematical origami
Jun 2012 Manchester Girl Geeks @ Manchester Mela Mathematics
Mathematical origami
May 2012 Prof David Nutt, Independent Scientific Committee on Drugs Pharmacology
(OUSS) How the current drug laws hold back science
May 2012 Andrew Hanson, National Physical Laboratory Physics
(OUSS) Confounding colour curiosities: the science of seeing colour
May 2012 Prof Marian Dawkins, Oxford University Zoology
(OUSS) Optical flow, collective behaviour, and animal welfare
May 2012 Dr Alison Foster, Oxford University Botany/chemistry
(OUSS) The botanic garden: your modern medicine cabinet
Apr 2012 Dr Aubrey de Grey, SENS
Prof Colin Blakemore, Oxford University
Prof Sir Richard Peto, Oxford University
(OUSS) This house wants to defeat ageing entirely (debate)
Mar 2012 Dr Mark Briffa, Plymouth University Zoology
(OUSS) Personality – and a bit of aggression – in marine invertebrates
Mar 2012 Oxfordshire Science Festival
One-day festival
Feb 2012 Prof Kevin Warwick, Reading University Robotics
(OUSS) Human enhancement: a user’s guide
Feb 2012 Dr Susan Ozanne, Cambridge University Biology
(OUSS) You are what your mother ate: the developmental origins of Type 2 diabetes
Feb 2012 Prof Alison Smith, Cambridge University Bioengineering
(OUSS) Algal biofuels: prospects for green (and brown and red) energy
Feb 2012 Dr Susanne Shultz, Oxford University Zoology
(OUSS) Primate social evolution: new perspectives on an old question
Feb 2012 Dr Peter Wothers, Cambridge University Chemistry
(OUSS) Gods, devils, and alcohol: their influence in chemical nomenclature
Jan 2012 Dr Michael de Podesta, National Physical Laboratory Metrology
(OUSS) How do you really know what the temperature is?
Jan 2012 Prof Steve Jones, UCL Biology
(OUSS) Incest and folk dancing: two things to avoid
Jan 2012 Oxford Climate Forum
Two-day conference
Nov 2011 Prof Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell, Oxford University Astrophysics
(OUSS) Will the world end in 2012? The astronomical evidence
Nov 2011 Royal Institution Science Societies' Dinner
Cross-society dinner, with guests of honour Prof Sir Paul Nurse, Sir Roland Jackson, Prof Kevin Warwick, and Prince Edward
Nov 2011 Mark Lynas Science
(OUSS) Why scientists should take over the world
Nov 2011 Rev Ron Lancaster, Kimbolton Fireworks Chemistry
(OUSS) Fireworks: Principles and Practice
Oct 2011 Laurie Winkless, National Physical Laboratory Physics
(OUSS) Energy harvesting: raiders of the lost amp
Oct 2011 Dr Chris Faulkes, QMUL Zoology
(OUSS) Biodiversity and sociality in African mole rats: an evolutionary perspective
Oct 2011 Dr Andrew Pontzen, Oxford University Physics
(OUSS) What is cold dark matter? And is it heating up?
Mar 2010 Oxfordshire Science Festival
One-day festival

Conferences Attended

A list of conferences I've attended, and those I've registered for soon.
 = invited speaker/moderator,  = organizer

Conference title Date Location
>VISTA Symposium on Artificial Intelligence & Data-Science-Assisted Synthesis Jul 2021 Online
Empowering Women in Organic Chemistry: EWOC2021 Jun 2021 Online
Scientific Update: Catalysis in the Fine Chemical Industry Jun 2021 Online
European Robotics Forum Apr 2021 Online
American Chemical Society Spring Meeting Apr 2021 Online
UK National Retrosynthesis Competition Mar 2021 Online
Organic Process Research & Development: Scientific Update Dec 2020 Online
SCI Automated Intelligent Chemistry Oct 2020 Online
Empowering Women in Organic Chemistry: EWOC2020 Aug 2020 Online
Solvents & solvent selection in continuous manufacturing training course: Scientific Update Jul 2020 Online
Flow chemistry & continuous processing: Scientific Update May 2020 Online
Oxford University Pharmacology Society Pharma R&D Symposium Feb 2020 Oxford, UK
Chemical development & scaleup in the fine chemical & pharmaceutical industries training course: Scientific Update Jan 2020 Pfizer, UK
RSC HSG January Meeting 2020 Jan 2020 London, UK
SCI Annual Review Meeting 2019 Dec 2019 London, UK
UKASF 2019 Nov 2019 Glasgow, UK
New Synthetic Methods II Oct 2019 London, UK
RSC HSG Postgraduate Symposium Sep 2019 Macclesfield, UK
International Symposium on Synthesis in Organic Chemistry Jul 2019 Cambridge, UK
ICIQ PhD Day Jun 2019 Tarragona, Spain
Grasmere Symposium 2019 May 2019 Grasmere, UK
Nottingham Women in Chemistry Mar 2019 Nottingham, UK
RSC Heterocyclic & Synthesis Group January meeting Jan 2019 London, UK
SCI Annual Review Meeting Dec 2018 London, UK
Challenges in Catalysis VI Nov 2018 London, UK
Young Chemist in Industry Nov 2018 Stevenage, UK
BOSS XVI Jul 2018 Brussels, Belgium
Oxford Synthesis Summer Conference Jun 2018 Oxford, UK
RSC-CICAG Artificial Intelligence in Chemistry Jun 2018 London, UK
Bristol Synthesis Meeting Apr 2018 Bristol, UK
Dial-A-Molecule: Predicting Reaction Outcomes Mar 2018 Cambridge, UK
RSC Heterocyclic & Synthesis Group January meeting Jan 2018 London, UK
SCI Annual Review Meeting Dec 2017 London, UK
Dial-A-Molecule: Exploring 3D Space Nov 2017 York, UK
International Symposium: Synthesis in Organic Chemistry Jul 2017 Oxford, UK
Technology Ventures Conference: Impact of AI Jun 2017 Cambridge, UK
OrgSyn 50 Feb 2017 Manchester, UK
UIUC Allerton Conference Nov 2016 Champaign, IL, USA
UIUC Allerton Conference Nov 2015 Champaign, IL, USA
ACS National Meeting Aug 2015 Boston, MA, USA
International Symposium: Synthesis in Organic Chemistry Jul 2015 Cambridge, UK
Page Lectures Jul 2015 Huddersfield, UK
OMCOS 18 Jun 2015 Sitges, Spain
RSC North West Organic Division Meeting May 2015 Liverpool, UK
UIUC Allerton Conference Nov 2014 Champaign, IL, USA
UIUC Allerton Conference Nov 2013 Champaign, IL, USA
ACS National Meeting Sep 2013 Indianapolis, IN, USA
Bristol Synthesis Meeting Apr 2013 Bristol, UK
ASE Annual Conference Jan 2012 Liverpool, UK

Media Appearances – Nessa Carson

For articles I've written, click here.

Cats, Chemistry, & Code with Nessa Carson – ChemConvos podcast

Jul 2021

RSC membership campaign – Royal Society of Chemistry

Apr 2021

High-throughput & robots with Nessa Carson – Chemistry Cayk Online Podcast

Jun 2020

Nessa Carson – Chemistry with ROBOTS! – HEL Modern Chemistry podcast

Feb 2020

ROBOTS vs HUMANS with Nessa Carson – The Periodic Bagel podcast

Dec 2019

Young UK chemists question what they are worth – Chemical & Engineering News

Dec 2019

Nature Chemistry: Elementary WomenNature Chem., 2019, 11, 602–604

Jul 2019

C&EN: the Secret Silos of #chemtwitter – Chemical & Engineering News

Aug 2019

Interview: Fluoromodafinil, with Nessa Carson – Cognitive Improvement blog

Aug 2018

Three Monthses – HackSpace

Aug 2018

Pride in STEM city‑wide advertising campaign – Pride in London

Jun 2018

Doctor tweet love – Chemistry World

Dec 2017

25 Chemists you should follow on Twitter – Chemical & Engineering News

Nov 2017

What's the best way to show a new chemical reaction's scope? – Chemical & Engineering News

Sep 2017

Quotable Chemistry – Chemistry World blog

Sep 2015

West Side Stories – Chemistry World

Jul 2014

Transatlantic Tales: Homeward Bound – Nature Chemistry blog

Sep 2012

Transatlantic Tales: School Days – Nature Chemistry blog

Aug 2012

Transatlantic Tales: The PhD Question – Nature Chemistry blog

Jul 2012

Transatlantic Tales: An Introduction – Nature Chemistry blog

Jul 2012

Scientific role model interview – Oxfordshire Science Festival

Feb 2012


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Old 02-04-2016, 10:52 PM
pmulya pmulya is offline
Hot Shot
Join Date: Oct 2010
Posts: 23
pmulya has 11 reputation points

I would suggest you raise case with Avaya CM support teamm for this. The reason being we would have run an ASAI MST on the CM Side to determine whether CM is sending UUI which is received in SIP header over the ASAI messages to AES. AES would be able to provide the UUI to the application over TSAPI only when it has received it from the CM over ASAI.

Hence ASAI MST is important to determine whether CM has sent UUI info over the ASAI.

Reply With Quote


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View Issue Details

IDProjectCategoryView StatusLast Update
0000413easycwmpQuestionpublic2020-09-02 06:31 Assigned To
PrioritynormalSeverityminorReproducibilityhave not tried
Status newResolutionopen
Summary0000413: easycwmp 1-8-6 support TR-143?
DescriptionHow to add or modify in easycwmp config file? like TR-111 stun.
There is no way to solve it?
 only support in Premium version?

Thank you.
TagsNo tags attached.

2020-08-28 11:58

administrator   ~0001005

TR-111 and other extra features are supported only in premium
Please refer to to see detailed differences between open source and premium

2020-09-02 06:22

reporter   ~0001007

Thank you.
please, close this.

Issue History

Date Modified Username Field Change
2020-08-28 10:31 New Issue
2020-08-28 11:58 mohamed.kallel Note Added: 0001005
2020-09-02 06:22 Note Added: 0001007


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Forrester's Total Economic Impact of Freshservice on IT Service Management Download Report

Release Notes - 02 April 2019

Bug Fixes:

  • Canned Responses: The attachment in a canned response wouldn’t reflect when added to a ticket. This is now fixed.

  • Change Lifecycle: When changes were made to a lifecycle and published, the changes were not reflected when the user clicked the “View Published Lifecycle” option. This is now fixed.

  • Tickets: When users tried to update the requester field in a ticket, the department field got automatically updated to the first department associated with the requester. This is now fixed.

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We’ve talked about the curriculum. Now let’s talk about cohorts. The cohort icon will take you to your cohort, or group of trainers and coaches you will be working with.

Think of it as your class.

Click “open cohort” and you can then click into the topics tab to view what we call the Connect community, where you can engage in online discussion with your cohort and upload your assignments for the week.

If you click into the appropriate folder mentioned in the notes for that section, you can create a post, create an upload of your assignment, and reply to others’ as well.

The learning tab next to the topics tab will show you the course agenda for your training, where you can view the dates and content required for completion for your specific cohort.

Another way to get to the Connect community where you will post discussions or assignment is by clicking the three horizontal lines on the top right. Click Connect, then All Communities, then your cohort, and then you will be led to the same page where you can post and comment.

Using Your Cohort's Connect Community Video Tutorial


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Project desktop Quick start

Create a project

Create a project in Project desktop

In Project, you can:

  • Create project plans.

  • Build project teams and allocate resources.

  • See different views of task and resources.

  • Measure progress.

  • Manage budgets.

Image depicting two views of a project plan

  • This Quick Start is specific to Microsoft Project 2019, 2016, and the Microsoft 365 subscription Project Online Desktop Client. Project Online has some additional features that support online interaction.

  • For more detailed information about creating a new project, see Create a new project.

Create a project from a template

  1. Open Project.
    Or select File > New if you're already working in a project plan.

  2. Select a template or type in the Search for online templates box and then press Enter.
    Or, choose Blank Project to create a project from scratch.

  3. When you select a template, select the options you want, and select Create.

    Change the resources, tasks, and durations in the template so they are right for your project.

Note: To create a new project from an existing project, change the project start and finish dates, and then save the project file with a new name or in a different location.

Screenshot of project plan templates in the Business category.

Add tasks to a project

  1. Select View > Task Views > Gantt Chart.

  2. Type a task name in the first empty Task Name field.

  3. Press Enter.

  4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 to enter the tasks you want.

If adding tasks one at a time starts to take too long, you can also:

Screenshot of automatically scheduled tasks entered in a new project plan.

Need more help?

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What if I have not received my box?

If you have not received your box within five business days, please contact us by email at support@motherhoodrental.com or call us at 1-866-750-6414. Our regular support hours are Monday – Friday, 9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. ET.

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