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VALP Proposed Submission

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3 Strategic

Sustainable development of Aylesbury Vale

Sustainable development at the heart of decision making

No Comments 3.1 This section sets out the overall strategy for sustainable development, the identified growth requirements, and how this growth will be delivered spatially in Aylesbury Vale.

No Comments 3.2 The principles of sustainable development are central to the planning system, as set out in the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) paragraphs 11-16. All development has to fit with the NPPF and the central presumption in favour of  sustainable development. The framework recognises that sustainable development is about change for the better and it defines sustainable as 'meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.'

View Comments (24) 3.3 Sustainable development is about positive growth making economic, environmental and social progress for current and future generations. To achieve this, economic, social and environmental gains should be sought jointly as they are mutually dependent.  The planning system performs a number of roles in this respect:

  • An economic role – contributing to building a strong, responsive and competitive economy, by ensuring that sufficient land of the right type is available in the right places to support growth and innovation, including infrastructure provision
  • A social role – supporting strong, vibrant and healthy communities by providing housing (including affordable housing), and by creating a high quality built environment with accessible local services
  • An environmental role – contributing to protecting and enhancing the natural, historic and built environment, and as part of this, helping to improve biodiversity, use natural resources prudently, minimise waste and pollution, and mitigate and adapt to climate change

No Comments 3.4 In line with this, the Council has adopted a positive approach to development and the VALP provides a clear framework of policies to guide development that creates positive and sustainable growth. Policy S1 therefore seeks to ensure that all development is sustainable and follows the presumption in favour of sustainable development. This policy will be at the heart of decision making when assessing planning applications.

View Comments (62) S1 Sustainable development  for Aylesbury Vale

All development must comply with the principles of sustainable development set out in the NPPF. In the local context of Aylesbury Vale this means that development proposals and neighbourhood planning documents should:

Contribute positively to meeting the vision and strategic objectives for the district set out above, and fit with the intentions and policies of the VALP (and policies within neighbourhood plans where relevant). Proposals that are in accordance with the development plan will be approved without delay, unless material considerations indicate otherwise. The Council will work proactively with applicants to find solutions so  that proposals can be approved wherever possible, and to secure development that improves the economic, social and environmental conditions in the area.

  1. Where there are no policies relevant to the application then the Council will grant permission unless material considerations indicate otherwise – taking into account whether:
  • any adverse impacts of granting permission would significantly and demonstrably outweigh the benefits, when assessed against the policies in the National Planning Policy Framework taken as a whole, or
  • specific policies in the NPPF indicate that development should be restricted.

In assessing development proposals, consideration will be given to:

  1. providing a mix of uses, especially employment, to facilitate flexible working practices so minimising the need to travel
  2. delivering strategic infrastructure and other community needs to both new and existing communities
  3. giving priority to the reuse of vacant or underused brownfield land.
  4. minimising impacts on local communities
  5. building integrated communities with existing populations
  6. minimising impacts on heritage assets, sensitive landscapes and biodiversity
  7. providing high-quality accessibility through the implementation of sustainable modes of travel including public transport, walking and cycling
  8. providing access to facilities including healthcare, education, employment, retail and community facilities
  9. meeting the effects of climate change and flooding.

Sustainable strategy for growth and its distribution

View Comments (1) 3.5 The development strategy seeks to deliver the Local Plan's vision and objectives to meet the wider needs of places and communities within the district.

View Comments (5) 3.6 The Local Plan strategy and its vision, objectives and policies have been shaped by a number of factors including:

  • the identification of the strategic housing market area and functional economic market area within which Aylesbury Vale sits
  • the identification of employment, housing and retail needs for the district
  • infrastructure capacity and constraints, in particular wastewater, roads and transport
  • environmental constraints – to avoid flood risk areas, protecting environmental assets, landscape quality, contaminated land and pollution, the historic environment and settlement character
  • the availability of potential housing sites and their deliverability and phasing
  • public consultation and the sustainability appraisals of options and policies.

No Comments 3.7 Policy S2 sets out the magnitude of growth and the spatial strategy for the district. AVDC is working actively to meet the Government's objective of significantly boosting supply and increasing the affordability of new housing. The spatial strategy and policy S2 meets the existing and future housing needs of people in the district, whilst also meeting some unmet needs originating from neighbouring authorities.

No Comments 3.8 The VALP seeks to ensure that development is located in the most sustainable locations as set out in Policy S1.

Housing and economic needs

View Comments (1) 3.9 The NPPF requires Local Planning authorities to:

'Ensure that their Local Plan meets the full, objectively-assessed needs for market and affordable housing in the housing market area' and  'identify the scale and mix of housing and the range of tenures that the local population is likely to need over the plan period which meets household and population projections, taking account of migration and demographic change'. Paragraphs 47 and 159

View Comments (1) 3.10 The NPPF also identifies that:

'Local Planning authorities should have a clear understanding of business needs within the economic markets operating in and across their area' and establish 'a robust evidence base to understand both existing business needs and likely changes in the market.' Paragraph 160.

No Comments 3.11 In accordance with requirements set out in the NPPF, the Council, alongside other Buckinghamshire authorities, commissioned a series of reports to identify the Buckinghamshire housing market and functional economic areas, as well as a Housing and Economic Development Needs Assessment (HEDNA).

No Comments 3.12 The reports (produced by consultants ORS) identify that Aylesbury Vale sits within a best-fit housing market area that includes Wycombe, Chiltern and South Bucks districts. There was a  recognition that Aylesbury town sat within its own area but within a wider strategic housing market area. Aylesbury Vale also has links with housing markets in neighbouring areas, such as Milton Keynes.

View Comments (5) 3.13 For the VALP to be considered sound in terms of housing provision, it was necessary to identify the full, objectively-assessed needs for the whole housing market area. The Buckinghamshire Housing and Economic Development Needs Assessment (HEDNA)[[1]] is the most up-to-date assessment of local housing needs, which identifies the needs for new jobs and homes up to 2033. The HEDNA starts by considering the Government's population projections, determines whether they need to be varied to reflect local circumstances and concludes that the number of new dwellings required across the 'best fit' housing market area is 46,200, with 19,400 required in Aylesbury Vale. Wycombe and Chiltern/South Bucks District Councils have carried out comprehensive capacity assessments, and cannot accommodate all of their housing need in their own districts. As a result there is a significant element of unmet need to be accommodated in Aylesbury Vale. Wycombe District's unmet need figure is 2,250 and Chiltern/South Bucks Districts' unmet need figure is 5,750. This gives a total of 27,400 dwellings to be accommodated in Aylesbury Vale between 2013 and 2033. The HEDNA also considered the level of employment land for offices, manufacturing and warehousing that should be provided for in the Functional Economic Market Area (FEMA). This has involved evaluating two employment forecasts, determining which of them is the most appropriate for the economic area and taking into account current circumstances in the commercial property market which indicate a growth of 7,240 employees in B Class employment. Based on this, the identified need is for 27 hectares (ha) of new employment land in Aylesbury Vale. The Council currently has an oversupply of over 100ha of employment land, but this surplus will play a crucial role in helping to make up the shortfall elsewhere in the economic market area as well as providing for flexibility in the longer term.

View Comments (5) 3.14 The VALP focuses the majority of growth in Aylesbury Buckingham, Winslow, Wendover and Haddenham and adjacent to Milton Keynes. Development at these strategic settlements will maintain and enhance their respective roles in the Vale's settlement hierarchy (Policy S3), minimising the need to travel, and optimising sustainable modes of travel. It will also help to deliver facilities and services needed and enable an integrated and balanced approach to the provision of homes, jobs and leisure.

View Comments (38) 3.15 A new settlement had been proposed to be part of the strategy for VALP in order to help deliver the housing requirement.  As a result of the reduction in our housing figures, a new settlement is no longer part of this plan.  However, we fully anticipate the need to carry out an early review of VALP to take into account newly emerging issues such as the Government's changed methodology on calculating housing need, as well as the impacts of major strategic schemes such as the Oxford to Cambridge Expressway, the London Plan and the expansion of Heathrow, and we expect a new settlement to form part of that Local Plan review.

View Comments (1) 3.16 In addition to growth at the strategic settlements, further growth will also take place at the larger, medium and smaller villages reflecting the capacity of these settlements to accommodate development. This will allow these settlements to have growth to sustain their communities and meet their local needs for housing, employment and community facilities.

View Comments (5) 3.17 In total, the development allocated in this plan, alongside existing commitments and completions totals 28,830, which represents a 5.2% buffer on top of the requirement to meet the district's own objectively assessed need and the unmet need from the other authorities (27,400).  This gives sufficient flexibility in case sites do not come forward at the rate or density anticipated in the Plan.

No Comments 3.18 It is recognised that Aylesbury Vale does not exist in isolation and the Council will continue to work closely with surrounding authorities with relation to cross-boundary issues such as strategic infrastructure projects including highways and transportation.

View Comments (152) S2 Spatial strategy for growth

The Vale of Aylesbury Local Plan will make provision for the delivery of the following in the period to 2033:

  • A total of 27,400 new homes in accordance with the spatial distribution set out below and in Table 1.  This is made up of:
  • 19,400 homes to meet the needs of Aylesbury Vale District
  • 2,250 homes to meet the needs of Wycombe District
  • 5,750 homes to meet the needs of Chiltern/South Bucks Districts
  • Provision for the identified need of 27 hectares of employment land and additional provision of some employment land to contribute to the employment needs of the wider economic market area.
  • Retail convenience floor space of 7,337 sqm[2]and comparison floor space of 29,289 sqm[3].
  • Associated infrastructure to support the above.

The primary focus of strategic levels of growth and investment will be at Aylesbury, and development at Buckingham, Winslow, Wendover and Haddenham supported by growth at other larger, medium and smaller villages. The strategy also allocates growth at a site adjacent to Milton Keynes which reflects its status as a strategic settlement immediately adjacent to Aylesbury Vale District. The spatial distribution will be as set out below.

Strategic growth and investment will be concentrated in sustainable locations as follows:

  1. Aylesbury Garden Town (comprising Aylesbury town and adjacent parts of surrounding parishes), will grow by 16,398 new homes.  It will be planned and developed drawing on Garden City principles which are set out in the Aylesbury Garden Town section, with high quality place-making and urban design principles at the core. This development will seek to support the revitalisation of the town centre. New housing will be delivered through existing commitments, including Berryfields and Kingsbrook, and complemented by other sustainable extensions and smaller scale development within the existing urban area.  New homes to support economic growth will be accommodated through the effective use of previously developed land or sustainable greenfield urban fringe sites. These sites will provide or support delivery of identified strategic infrastructure requirements, and sustainable transport enhancements and make connections to strategic green infrastructure and the Vale's enterprise zones.
  2. Buckingham will accommodate growth of 2,359 new homes. This, growth will enhance the town centre and its function as a market town, and will support sustainable economic growth in the north of the district.
  3. Haddenham will accommodate growth of 1,051 new homes.  This will be supported by infrastructure and recognise the important role of Haddenham and Thame railway station.
  4. Winslow will accommodate growth of 1,166 new homes, linked with the development of East-West Rail and the new railway station in Winslow.
  5. Wendover will accommodate around 1,128 new homes with 1,000 new homes at Halton Camp which is now confirmed to be closing in 2022 recognising the sustainability of Wendover and the railway station.  No further growth is allocated at Wendover reflecting the environmental constraints of the surrounding AONB and Green Belt land.
  6. Land within Aylesbury Vale  adjacent to Milton Keynes will make provision for 2,212 homes on a number of sites.
  7. At larger villages, listed in Policy S3, housing growth of 1,963 will be at a scale in keeping with the local character. This will help meet identified needs for investment in housing and improve the range and type of employment opportunities across the district.
  8. At medium villages, listed in Policy S3, there will be housing growth of 1,095 at a scale in keeping with the local character and setting. This growth will be encouraged to help meet local housing and employment needs and to support the provision of services to the wider area.
  9. At smaller villages, listed in Policy S3, there will be more limited housing  growth coming forward through either 'windfall' applications or neighbourhood plan allocations rather than allocations in this Plan.
  10. Elsewhere in rural areas, housing development will be strictly limited.  This is likely to be incremental infill development and should be principally in line with Policy D4 and other relevant policies in the Plan.

Development that does not fit with the scale, distribution or requirements of this policy will not be permitted unless bought forward through neighbourhood planning.

View Comments (13) Table 1 Spatial strategy for growth in Aylesbury Vale

Completions 2013 - 2017

Commitments as at March 2017

Completions and Commitments 2013-2017[4]

Allocations in this plan

Total development

Strategic settlements

Wendover / Halton Camp

Land adjacent to Milton Keynes

Larger villages

Medium villages

Smaller villages and other settlements

No allocations made at these locations

Settlement hierarchy and cohesive development

View Comments (1) 3.19 The strategy for development generally reflects the size and character of different settlements and seeks to deliver a sustainable level of development that will support their different roles and functions. In order to ensure that new development takes place in locations that have the best access to a wide range of services, facilities and employment opportunities, the Council has developed a settlement hierarchy which ranks all settlements (with a population of over 100), in order of their sustainability. The settlement hierarchy forms the basis for the distribution of growth outlined in the strategy in that it identifies the most sustainable locations for growth, and therefore where housing allocations should be made. It may also assist providers of community facilities and services in their investment decisions.

View Comments (7) 3.20 The settlement hierarchy is based on an assessment of population size, settlement connectivity, and the availability of employment and other services and facilities. A draft settlement hierarchy has been consulted on, and a number of changes have been made to the conclusions as a result of comments received.  A report has been produced setting out how the settlement hierarchy was established[6] which is available on the Council's website.  The proposed settlement hierarchy is set out in Table 2, along with the amount of housing to be accommodated at each settlement.  The allocations for each settlement are based on the capacity of the settlement to accommodate housing growth, rather than a blanket percentage increase on existing housing stock as was previously proposed in the draft Plan

View Comments (29) Table 2 Proposed settlement hierarchy and housing development

Amount of housing development

Made up of

Strategic settlements

The most sustainable towns and villages in the district and the focus for the majority of development.  These settlements act as service centres for other villages around them.  The plan will allocate sites at strategic settlements

Wendover/Halton Camp

(TOTAL 22,102)

8,588 completions/commitments, 7,810 allocated

1,509 completions/commitments, 850 allocated

736 completions/commitments, 315 allocated

128 completions/commitments, 1,000 allocated

581 completions/commitments, 585 allocated

Land adjacent to Milton Keynes

Allocation of land adjoining Milton Keynes that falls within Aylesbury Vale district, specifically within the parishes of Newton Longville and Stoke Hammond

Edge of Milton Keynes

357 completions/commitments, 1,855 allocated

Larger villages

Larger, more sustainable villages that have at least reasonable access to facilities and services and public transport, making them sustainable locations for development. The plan allocates sites at some of the larger villages

Aston Clinton

Long Crendon

Steeple Claydon

Stoke Mandeville

Stone (including Hartwell)

Waddesdon (including Fleet Marston)

(TOTAL 1,963)

627 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

176 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

18 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

100 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

199 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

98 completions/commitments, 118 allocated

128 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

26 completions/commitments, 10 allocated

166 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

41 completions/commitments, 22 allocated

125 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

109 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

Medium villages

Medium villages have some provision key services and facilities, making them moderately sustainable locations for development.  The plan allocates some sites at medium villages

Bierton (including Broughton)

Great Horwood

Grendon Underwood

Maids Moreton

Marsh Gibbon

Newton Longville

North Marston

Stoke Hammond

Weston Turville

(TOTAL 1,095)

23 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

6 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

107 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

4 completions/commitments, 21 allocated

8 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

74 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

42 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

3 completions/commitments, 20 allocated

1 completion/commitment, 170 allocated

38 completions/commitments, 9 allocated

15 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

31 completions/commitments, 17 allocated

8 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

48 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

22 completions/commitments, 37 allocated

101 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

149 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

105 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

36 completions/commitments, no allocated sites

Smaller villages

Smaller, less sustainable villages which have relatively poor access to services and facilities.  It is expected that some small scale development could be accommodated at smaller villages without causing unreasonable harm.  This level of development is also likely to help maintain existing communities.  Sites at smaller villages will come forward either through neighbourhood plans or by individual 'windfall' planning applications, no site allocations are made at smaller villages

Aston Abbotts

Calvert Green

Drayton Parslow

East Claydon

Great Brickhill

Ivinghoe Aston

Little Horwood

Mentmore and Ledburn

Oving (including Pitchcott)

Preston Bissett

Stowe and Dadford

To come forward through neighbourhood plans or through the development management process considered against relevant policies in the Plan

Other settlements

The remainder of settlements in the district which are not sustainable locations for development and are places where it is likely that any development would cause harm to the local environment.  Some very limited development could take place in accordance with the policies in this plan, but no allocations for housing will be made

All remaining settlements (listed in the settlement hierarchy document)

To come forward through neighbourhood plans or through the development management process considered against relevant policies in the Plan

View Comments (1) 3.21 Specific policies for each of the settlement hierarchy categories are set out in the Strategic Delivery section (policies D1 – D4).

View Comments (41) 3.22 The Council will seek to preserve the character and identities of neighbouring settlements or communities. The Council will resist development that would compromise the open character of the countryside between settlements, especially where the gaps between them are already small.

View Comments (4) 3.23 It is acknowledged that in some cases, whilst neighbouring communities may still have separate characters or identities, the built-up areas of those settlements are already linked in part. The Council will resist further development that would result in the consolidation of such linkage that threatens what remains of the separate character or identity of the settlement or communities.

View Comments (2) 3.24 In addition to the general control of coalescence[8], there is a need for more specific protection in locations that are, or will be, experiencing the strongest pressures for development.

View Comments (55) S3 Settlement hierarchy and cohesive development

The scale and distribution of development should accord with the settlement hierarchy set out in Table 2 and the site allocation policies that arise from it. Other than for specific proposals and land allocations in the Plan, new development in the countryside should be avoided, especially where it would:

  1. compromise the character of the countryside between settlements, and
  2. result in a negative impact on the identities of neighbouring settlements or communities leading to their coalescence[9].

In considering applications for building in the countryside the Council will have regard to maintaining the individual identity of villages and avoiding extensions to built-up areas that might lead to coalescence between settlements.

Green Belt

No Comments 3.25 A relatively small part of the London Metropolitan Green Belt falls within the district, as shown on the Policies Map. The Green Belt in Buckinghamshire was originally designated in 1954 through the Buckinghamshire County Development Plan. It has since been expanded and in 1979 was extended to include the approximately 48 square kilometres of Green Belt land that is now in the district. The northern boundary of the Green Belt was broadly established in line with the Chiltern escarpment excluding the settlement of Wendover.

No Comments 3.26 The purposes of the Green Belt are to restrain the outward sprawl of London, to prevent the merging of towns, and so safeguarding the countryside from encroachment, checking unrestricted sprawl, to preserve the setting and character of historic towns and assisting in urban regeneration. The Green Belt partly surrounds the strategic settlement of Wendover and small parts of the villages of Aston Clinton and Ivinghoe. The villages of Halton and Dagnall are within the Green Belt. To the south of the district the Green Belt joins the Green Belt within Wycombe, Chiltern and Dacorum. To the east the district borders the Green Belt in Central Bedfordshire although this does not cross into the district. The Green Belt in these areas has helped shape the towns and villages.

No Comments 3.27 Nationally, the Government places great importance on the Green Belt which has a range of important functions. The most important attributes of Green Belts are their 'openness' and 'permanence' and their general extent should only be altered in exceptional circumstances and when a Local Plan is being prepared or reviewed.

View Comments (1) 3.28 A Green Belt assessment has been undertaken jointly by the Buckinghamshire authorities. This is in the context of a significant level of need being identified across the Housing Market Area (HMA) which as a whole contains a large amount of land within the Green Belt (88% of Chiltern District, 87% of South Bucks District and 48% of Wycombe District is within the Green Belt). The housing requirements for Chiltern, South Bucks and Wycombe District Council cannot be met on the land outside of the Green Belt within their district boundaries leaving a large unmet need requirement. Therefore exceptional circumstances are considered to exist across the districts in Buckinghamshire to justify removing specific sites from the Green Belt to help meet need closest to where it arises.

View Comments (1) 3.29 Part 1 of the assessment (published in March 2016) identified parcels of land covering all of the Green Belt within Buckinghamshire as well as some adjoining land and assessed these against the purposes of the Green Belt as set out in the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF).  The assessment concluded that all areas of the Green Belt met the NPPF purposes to some extent, but identified parcels across all four districts that performed weaker or had areas within them which were likely to perform weaker if assessed on their own.

No Comments 3.30 Part 2 of the assessment (published in June 2016) gave further consideration to the areas of land identified in Part 1. They were assessed for the suitability of development, whether there were exceptional circumstances for removing sites from the Green Belt, and whether further land should be designated as Green Belt.

No Comments 3.31 Following this assessment, there is an area of land to the west of Leighton Linslade that is proposed for inclusion within the Green Belt. This can be justified by the exceptional circumstances of the construction of the A4146 in this area, which opened in September 2007, since the original designation of Green Belt. Amending the boundary will provide a more recognisable and permanent boundary that would be more in line with what the NPPF requires than is used currently. The additional area of Green Belt will  help to balance the loss of Green Belt land in other areas (including land removed from the Green Belt around Leighton Buzzard) and will complete the Green Belt protection on all sides of Leighton Linslade as well as the parcel performing strongly against the purposes of the Green Belt as defined in the NPPF.

View Comments (7) 3.32 At the draft plan stage the Council had also proposed two potential revisions to the boundary of the Green Belt to the north of Wendover. One revision was to provide a site for approximately 800 dwellings to the north of Wendover with the Green Belt removal potentially justified on the basis that there was very little capacity identified without this and another to remove part of RAF Halton as it is built up and has an urbanising effect within the Green Belt. Since then there has been an announcement that RAF Halton is to close by 2022 and an estimation for the amount of housing this site could deliver has been included in this plan in Policy D-HAL003. Because of the proximity of RAF Halton to Wendover it is considered that the justification for the site north of Wendover to provide 800 dwellings no longer exists as the capacity for housing in the area has significantly increased. Whilst the arguments for releasing the RAF Halton site still remain, because of the change in circumstances and the future work to be done around how the site is developed after its closure, it is considered premature to define the boundary of the site to be released from the Green Belt.  This boundary will be defined in a future Local Plan review.

View Comments (1) 3.33 The new Green Belt boundary around Leighton Buzzard is defined on the Policies Map. The Green Belt within the district will be protected for the long term, and opportunities which enhance the Green Belt particularly in terms of public accessibility will be supported.  The majority of the Green Belt within the district also lies within the Chilterns AONB, therefore Policy NE5 also applies.

No Comments 3.34 Housing may come forward within the Green Belt through the conversion of existing buildings, the reuse of previously developed sites or through limited infilling within villages, where the openness of the Green Belt is maintained. The limited infilling should be within the existing developed footprint which is defined as the continuous built form of the village, and excludes individual buildings and groups of dispersed buildings. This includes former agricultural barns that have been converted, agricultural buildings and associated land on the edge of the village and gardens, paddocks and other undeveloped land within the curtilage of buildings on the edge of the settlement where the land relates more to the surrounding countryside than to the built-up area of the village.

No Comments 3.35 The replacement of existing buildings and extensions will where appropriate also be supported. When working out volume increase calculations the term 'original building' means the house as it was first built or stood on 1 July 1948 (if it was built before that date) excluding sheds and outbuildings.

View Comments (19) S4 Green Belt

Within the Green Belt (as defined on the Policies Map), land will be protected from inappropriate development in accordance with national policy. Small-scale development as set out below will be supported providing that their provision preserves the openness of the Green Belt, and does not conflict with the purposes of including land within it:

  1. for the purposes of agriculture, forestry, appropriate facilities for outdoor sport and outdoor recreation or cemeteries
  2. if within the existing built-up area of settlements within the Green Belt, residential infilling of small gaps in developed frontages with one or two dwellings will be permitted if it is in keeping with the scale and spacing of nearby dwellings and the character of the surroundings
  3. for the re-use of buildings of permanent and substantial construction where there is no greater impact on the openness of the Green Belt and the form, bulk and design of any conversion is in keeping with the surroundings and does not involve major or complete reconstruction. Permission for the re-use of such buildings may include conditions regulating further building extensions, and the use of land associated with the building
  4. replacement of existing buildings in the Green Belt by new buildings that are not significantly larger in volume, normally by no more than 25-30% of the original building  (as measured externally)
  5. extensions and alterations to buildings in the Green Belt that are not out of proportion with the original building, normally no more than 25-30% volume increase of the original building
  6. the redevelopment of previously developed sites where the gross floorspace of the new building(s) is not out of proportion to the original building(s), normally by no more than 25-30% increase of the original building  (as measured externally), and the buildings are positioned on land previously built on.

Measures to improve public access to the Green Belt areas will be encouraged.

View Comments (7) 3.36 The VALP aims to ensure that there is sufficient and appropriate infrastructure to meet future needs. In order to identify the required infrastructure an Infrastructure Delivery Plan (IDP) has been produced. The IDP identifies the necessary and critical infrastructure required to deliver the Council's growth aspirations and requirements to 2033. It has also identified desirable infrastructure requirements which support the sustainability objectives of the Local Plan but can be prioritised according to funding availability and overall net benefit.

No Comments 3.37 Although the production of the IDP is an iterative process as infrastructure is continually being delivered through the development management process, it is crucial that items of infrastructure are identified as early as possible in the process to better plan for the required growth to be delivered over the Local Plan period.

View Comments (1) 3.38 The term infrastructure covers a wide variety of services and facilities provided by private and public bodies including:

  • transport infrastructure– rail, roads, cycle routes, buses, footpaths/pedestrian links, parking and management systems
  • utilities and flood management infrastructure – water supply and treatment, sewerage, flood prevention and drainage, waste disposal, energy
  • telecommunications infrastructure including high-speed broadband provision across the district
  • community infrastructure – schools, sport, cultural and recreation facilities, healthcare, public transport, emergency services, social care facilities, community buildings, places of worship and associated facilities, and community recycling facilities
  • green infrastructure – a network of high quality, multi‐functional green spaces which improve connectivity of towns and villages and the wider countryside. It also delivers ecological enhancements, and economic and social quality of life benefits for local communities at both the local and strategic level. It can include green corridors, such as hedgerows or transport routes, and open green spaces, such as parks, allotments, and country parks.

View Comments (2) 3.39 The Council will continue to co-operate with key delivery partners to secure the funding and delivery of key infrastructure projects including East‐West Rail and the Oxford-Cambridge Expressway to minimise the impacts of the projects both during construction and operation phases. The HS2 scheme should co-ordinate with local projects and not delay the provision of necessary infrastructure at Aylesbury or the delivery of East-West Rail. We will also seek to secure funding and delivery of key transport, utility, and other improvements where major infrastructure improvements are needed to achieve sustainable development. We will urge Government, and support Buckinghamshire County Council, the local economic partnerships (LEPs) and other partners.

No Comments 3.40 Some of the infrastructure identified above is essential to ensure that the needs of new and existing residents are met. Some relate more to quality of life or environmental provisions.

View Comments (6) 3.41 Infrastructure should be delivered in a timely manner and integrated alongside new development, with the specific phasing to be determined in agreement with the local planning authority.

View Comments (1) 3.42 Infrastructure should be provided on-site as part of the development wherever possible, especially on larger developments, to contribute towards creating sustainable development and ensuring that new developments are attractive places to live.

No Comments 3.43 While infrastructure associated with water supply and sewers can be provided and funded by developers, upgrades to wastewater treatment works (WwTWs) can only be provided by water and wastewater utility companies. Within the district, this work is dependent on Thames Water and Anglian Water's funding programmes (asset management plans), which works in five-year cycles.

View Comments (1) 3.44 The Aylesbury Vale Water Cycle Study has been prepared. It has identified which  WwTWs are currently at capacity. It has also identified if increases in flow through parts of the sewerage network are likely to cause an increase in the frequency of diluted but untreated discharges from the system. If these discharges increase this may have an effect on the waterways they discharge into. The discharges must meet the requirements of the Water Framework Directive and Habitats Directive.

No Comments 3.45 Aylesbury Vale District Council is working with Buckinghamshire County Council  (the minerals and waste local planning authority), in developing a policy approach for the management of waste water treatment works.

View Comments (3) 3.46 Development proposals that would result in the VALP growth targets being significantly exceeded must ensure, in consultation with Thames Water and Anglian Water, that the objectives of the Water Framework Directive are not compromised. There must be adequate capacity in foul waste infrastructure to accommodate the proposed development in order to prevent the deterioration in current water quality standards.

Community infrastructure levy and developer contributions

No Comments 3.47 The IDP identifies a number of different ways infrastructure can be funded and provided for, some of which can be made via a financial contribution, in kind or in lieu, from a developer, through Government capital funds, district or county capital funds and a myriad of funding streams open to organisations like DCLG, Homes England and the Department for Transport (DfT). Another avenue of funding is through the implementation of a Community Infrastructure Levy (CIL). The Government consulted on CIL reforms in summer 2016 and a review of this consultation has now been made available in relation to the consultation on the Housing White Paper. The CIL review set out several recommendations which the Government may choose to accept or reject. The Council remains committed to the implementation of CIL based on the reviews recommendations set out in summary below:

  • Replace CIL with a Local Infrastructure Tariff (LIT)
  • Continue to seek Section 106 (S106) agreements on more strategic sites
  • Seek LIT on some types of infrastructure identified in existing CIL regulations
  • Pooling of up to five s106 agreements to be revoked
  • Standardised CIL rate set between 1.75-2.5% above GDV (Gross Development Value)
  • Limited exceptions from Tariff
  • Small development of 10 and under should pay LIT and no other obligations.

No Comments 3.48 Work to establish a CIL or LIT is currently at an early stage. The IDP will set out what infrastructure is in place, what is needed through the VALP period, and whether it is needed in the short or medium/longer term in order to deliver development identified in the VALP plus existing commitments.

View Comments (30) S5 Infrastructure

All new development must provide appropriate on- and off‐site infrastructure (in accordance with the Infrastructure Delivery Plan) in order to:

  1. avoid placing additional burden on the existing community
  2. avoid or mitigate adverse social, economic and environmental impacts and
  3. make good the loss or damage of social, economic and environmental assets.

In planning for new development, appropriate regard will be given to existing deficiencies in services and infrastructure provision. Development proposals must demonstrate that these have been taken into account when determining the infrastructure requirements for the new development.

The provision of infrastructure should be linked directly to the phasing of development to ensure that infrastructure is provided in a timely and comprehensive manner to support new development.

Where an applicant advises that a proposal is unviable in light of the infrastructure requirement(s), open book calculations will need to be provided by the applicant and then verified by an independent consultant verified by the Council at the expense of the applicant and be submitted to the Council for its consideration.

A Community Infrastructure Levy or Local Infrastructure Tariff  for Aylesbury Vale will be developed to secure funding for infrastructure. A supplementary planning document will be produced regarding the delivery and use of Section 106 planning obligation agreements.

Gypsy, Traveller and Travelling Showpeople provision

View Comments (1) 3.49 Gypsies and Travellers are amongst the most socially excluded groups in society and research has consistently confirmed the link between the lack of good quality sites for Gypsies and Travellers and poor health and education. The Government and the Council acknowledge that these issues must be addressed, but it is important to ensure that the planning system is not misused and that development is located in the most appropriate locations.

View Comments (1) 3.50 Romany Gypsies and Irish Travellers form an ethnic minority group and are legally protected from discrimination under the Equalities Act 2010, the Children and Families Act 2014 and the Human Rights Act 1998. Government guidance sets out that councils should assess and meet Gypsy, Traveller and Travelling Showpeople's accommodation needs in the same way as other accommodation needs, including the identification of land for sites. The Government guidance on this is specifically set out in the Planning Policy for Traveller Sites (PPTS). This was first published in March 2012 and updated in August 2015.

View Comments (1) 3.51 For the purposes of planning policy, Gypsies and Travellers are defined in the PPTS (2015 update) as being:

Persons of nomadic habit of life whatever their race or origin, including such persons who on grounds only of their own or their family's or dependants' educational or health needs or old age have ceased to travel temporarily, but excluding members of an organised group of Travelling Showpeople or circus people travelling together as such.

No Comments 3.52 In determining whether persons are "Gypsies and Travellers" for the purposes of the PPTS, consideration should be given to the following issues amongst other relevant matters:

  • whether they previously led a nomadic habit of life
  • the reasons for ceasing their nomadic habit of life
  • whether there is an intention of living a nomadic habit of life in the future, and if so, how soon and in what circumstances.

View Comments (1) 3.53 The Council is required to set pitch targets for Gypsies and Travellers and plot targets for Travelling Showpeople, which address the likely permanent and transit site accommodation needs. It is required to identify and annually update a five-year supply of deliverable Traveller sites and to identify a supply of specific, developable sites or broad locations for growth, for six to 10 years and, where possible, for 11 to 15 years.

View Comments (1) 3.54 A joint Gypsy and Traveller and Travelling Showpeople Accommodation Needs Assessment (GTAA) was produced with Chiltern, South Bucks and Wycombe District Councils in 2013, updated in 2014 and updated again with a 2017 report to take into account the latest Government definition of Gypsy and Travellers. The 2017 study includes an assessment of existing provision, any current needs and forecasts of what the future need is in each district.

View Comments (1) 3.55 Aylesbury Vale district has, as of May 2017, 92 permanent Gypsy and Traveller pitches, 27 temporary (or temporary permission that has lapsed) and two tolerated unauthorised pitches, totalling 121 altogether. The need figure is made up of concealed households (two families doubled up on one pitch), older teenagers in need of their own pitch and existing households on unauthorised pitches, existing households on temporary sites and growth in household numbers due to household formation. The 2017 assessment sets out the future net requirement for the district as eight Gypsy and Traveller pitches from those who are known to meet the new definition and up to 76 pitches from those who are not known whether they meet the new definition.

View Comments (1) 3.56 No need has been identified for transit sites as there is little evidence of travelling through the area.

No Comments Table 3 Pitch provision required in the district to accommodate Gypsies  and Travellers

Requirement for those meeting the definition

Requirement from unknowns

View Comments (1) 3.57 The allocations set out in Table 6 below are sufficient to meet the need for knowns and unknowns for the first 10 years i.e. 69 pitches. There was a very high level of non-responses to the survey work carried out by consultants ORS. Further survey work will be undertaken to establish whether the unknowns meet the definition or not. Longer term need will need to be addressed when the Local Plan is reviewed as there is still uncertainty over whether unknowns will be confirmed through further survey work to establish whether those unknowns meet the definition or not. Nevertheless the allocations set out below will allow all of the first 10 years unknowns to be catered for should they meet the definition.

View Comments (1) 3.58 As well as identifying the accommodation need figures the original joint Gypsy and Traveller and Travelling Showpeople  Accommodation Needs Assessment published in 2013 recommended the following on how to approach the provision of Traveller sites:

  • existing sites should be safeguarded, to ensure that needs continue to be met in perpetuity
  • the identification of additional pitch provision should take into account where the need arises
  • the Councils should be reasonably flexible about the location of small private sites
  • the Councils should investigate the potential for existing sites to achieve additional pitches/plots either through increasing the capacity within existing boundaries or through site extension onto adjoining land, and
  • the Councils should also undertake site assessment work to identify new sites to meet identified future Gypsy and Traveller needs.

View Comments (1) 3.59 Policy D10 provides a sequential and criteria-based approach for identifying suitable locations for new sites.

View Comments (1) 3.60 The site assessment process has looked at finding suitable and available sites to meet the need for Gypsy and Traveller accommodation that the GTAA set out, as above. Sites with temporary permission were considered initially, followed by the consideration of the intensification/expansion of existing sites. Sites promoted for Gypsy and Traveller pitches were also considered as well as if there were opportunities for the effective use of previously developed (brownfield), untidy or derelict land. These did not give sufficient supply to meet the needs in the district. Therefore, consideration was then given to other sites that have been identified as available for development, including securing pitches alongside traditional housing provision on strategic sites on the urban periphery. Including provision on these sites will help ensure that the needs of Gypsies and Travellers are met and that sites can remain small-scale. The precise location and design of the new sites would be guided by the relevant site master plans.

View Comments (2) Table 4 Allocations to meet the needs for Gypsies and Travellers

Current pitches

Potential number of pitches to be allocated

Willows Park, (Green Acres) Slapton

10 permanent

3 temporary

The temporary pitches have been given permanent permission since the latest GTAA (Feb 2017)

Marroway, Weston Turville

7 permanent

Large plot sizes where some sub division has already happened

Dun Roaming Park, Biddlesdon

11 permanent

10 temporary

The temporary pitches have been given permanent permission since the latest GTAA (Feb 2017)

Oakhaven Park, Gawcott

21 permanent

3 pitches have recently been granted permission. There is another existing unauthorised pitch

Oaksview Park, Boarstall

13 temporary (lapsed)

Land at Swan Edge, Wendover

2 approved subject to S106

Land opposite Causter Farm, Nash

11 temporary

The temporary pitches have been given permanent permission since the latest GTAA (Feb 2017)

South and South West Aylesbury MDAs

To be included within housing allocations

Vacant pitches at Baghill,

Pitches available for occupation

Vacant pitches Dun Roaming Park

Pitches available for occupation

View Comments (1) 3.61 Travelling Showpeople are defined by the PPTS as being:

View Comments (1) 3.62 Members of a group organised for the purposes of holding fairs, circuses or shows (whether or not travelling together as such). This includes such persons who on the grounds of their own or their family's or dependants' more localised pattern of trading, educational or health needs or old age have ceased to travel temporarily, but excludes Gypsies and Travellers as defined above.

No Comments Table 5 Plot provision required in the district to accommodate Travelling Showpeople

Requirement those meeting the definition

Requirement from unknowns

View Comments (1) 3.63 There is currently an unauthorised Travelling Showpeople's plot in the district which would meet the needs shown above.

No Comments Table 6 Potential allocations to meet the needs for Travelling Showpeople

Current pitches

Potential number of pitches to be allocated

Fairview, Stoke Hammond

3 unauthorised

View Comments (15) S6 Gypsy, Traveller and Travelling Showpeople provision

The Gypsy and Traveller and Travelling Showpeople Accommodation Needs Assessment (2017) identifies the potential need for permanent pitches and plots for the period 2016-2033 as:

a.     84 (net) additional pitches for travelling or unknown Gypsies and Travellers

b.    Two (net) additional plots for travelling or unknown Showpeople

In order to meet these requirements, and  to provide and maintain a five-year supply of deliverable sites allocations will be made as set out in Tables 4 and 6 above.

Existing Traveller sites will be safeguarded for Traveller use.

Previously developed land

No Comments 3.64 Previously developed (or 'brownfield') land is defined in the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) and refers to land which is or was occupied by a permanent structure, including the curtilage of the developed land and any associated fixed surface infrastructure. The definition excludes land uses such as private residential gardens and agricultural or forestry buildings.

No Comments 3.65 The full definition according to the NPPF glossary is:

'Land which is or was occupied by a permanent structure, including the curtilage of the developed land (although it should not be assumed that the whole of the curtilage should be developed) and any associated fixed surface infrastructure. This excludes: land that is or has been occupied by agricultural or forestry buildings; land that has been developed for minerals extraction or waste disposal by landfill purposes where provision for restoration has been made through development control procedures; land in built-up areas such as private residential gardens, parks, recreation grounds and allotments; and land that was previously-developed but where the remains of the permanent structure or fixed surface have blended into the landscape in the process of time.'

No Comments 3.66 One of the core planning principles of the NPPF is to encourage the effective use of land by reusing previously developed land, provided it is not of high environmental value.

No Comments 3.67 The Government announced a new initiative in July 2015 that could see automatic planning permission being granted on previously developed sites in an attempt to raise the productivity of the economy.  The Government intends to introduce a new zonal system which will effectively give automatic planning permission on suitable brownfield sites.  A number of Local Planning authorities are taking part in a pilot scheme to trial this initiative.

View Comments (15) S7 Previously developed land

Development in Aylesbury Vale will be expected to make efficient and effective use of land.  We will encourage the reuse of previously developed (brownfield) land in sustainable locations, subject to site-specific considerations including environmental value and the impact on local character, and subject to other policies in the Local Plan.

Delivering through neighbourhood planning

View Comments (1) 3.68 Neighbourhood development plans, neighbourhood development orders and community right to build orders have the potential to allow communities to develop a shared vision to shape their neighbourhoods and to work with landowners, developers and service providers to deliver new development and facilities.

No Comments 3.69 The Local Plan provides a framework within which people can decide how to shape their local neighbourhoods through community-led planning documents. Many communities have already embraced this opportunity and have prepared or are setting out to prepare their own neighbourhood plans. At the time of writing there are 11  'made' neighbourhood plans in the district and a further 21 neighbourhood areas approved.

No Comments 3.70 A neighbourhood plan provides a mechanism for communities to bring forward development and for the community to have a say in its location and specification, and to plan positively to support local development in meeting the strategic needs of the Local Plan. Neighbourhood plans must adhere to the strategic policies within the Local Plan.

No Comments 3.71 The involvement of the community goes to the heart of successful planning for and implementing sustainable and inclusive growth and change. The Local Plan sets out the strategic policies to provide the framework for delivery of homes, jobs and infrastructure in the district.  A neighbourhood plan and its policies will work alongside, and where appropriate replace, the non-strategic policies in the Local Plan where they overlap. The policies within a neighbourhood plan will only apply to the specific area covered by that neighbourhood plan or order.

View Comments (2) 3.72 'Made' neighbourhood plans will not replace the Local Plan but will sit alongside it, with their policies applying ahead of similar policies in the Local Plan, e.g. in relation to parking requirements . The Council will work with local communities to deliver growth through neighbourhood plans and good communication between the Council and local communities will be essential.

No Comments 3.73 Whilst it is possible for a parish or town to prepare a neighbourhood plan prior to the adoption of the Local Plan, and many in this district have done so, the risks of this have been highlighted. The Council is required to demonstrate delivery of housing numbers, employment, retail and Gypsy and Traveller sites, all of which are required by Government planning policies in its Local Plan. It could mean that a higher amount of development is now required. AVDC has and will continue to take an active role in advising and supporting the neighbourhood planning process by sharing evidence and information and ensuring the neighbourhood plan fits with its strategic policies and national policy.

No Comments 3.74 Neighbourhood development orders and community right to build orders can give permitted development rights to the types of development specified in that order, allowing development that is consistent with the Local Plan to proceed without unnecessary delay.

View Comments (22) S8 Neighbourhood plans

The preparation and production of neighbourhood plans will be supported.  Neighbourhood plans should:

  1. show how they are contributing towards the strategic policies of the Local Plan and be in general conformity with its strategic approach
  2. clearly set out how they will promote sustainable development at the same level or above that which would be delivered through the Local Plan, and have regard to information on local need for new homes, jobs and facilities, for their plan area.

Monitoring and review

View Comments (1) 3.75 Effective monitoring is essential to ensuring that the policies in the Local Plan (and associated documents including the Infrastructure Delivery Plan) are achieving their aims.  The Council prepares a yearly monitoring report which will measure and report on the effectiveness of the Local Plan policies.  A monitoring framework will be established against which performance will be measured.  Actions will be identified where policies are not achieving their aims and the Council will consider whether policies need adjusting or replacing either  because they are not working as intended, or they need changing to reflect changes in national policy or local circumstances.

View Comments (1) 3.76 As required by the duty to co-operate, due consideration will be given (including through a review of the Plan where appropriate) to the housing needs of other local planning authorities in circumstances when it has been clearly established through the Local Plan process that those needs must be met through provision in Aylesbury Vale.

View Comments (2) 3.77 On the basis of current available evidence,  it is envisaged that the Plan will need to be reviewed soon after adoption.  Regional, national and international connectivity schemes such as the Oxford-Cambridge Expressway and Heathrow expansion will potentially have a significant impact on the district in the future, and therefore will inevitably influence future planning.  Other circumstances that would trigger either a review of the plan, or alternative sustainable sites to be brought forward, include:

  • site allocations not coming forward at the rate anticipated in the housing trajectory, leading to development not being delivered at the rate expected in the plan
  • evidence established through another Local Planning authority's Local Plan process show that its unmet need can only be accommodated in Aylesbury Vale
  • changes to travel-to-work patterns
  • changes in national planning policy and guidance that mean one or more of the policies in the Plan are not up to date, or
  • evidence in the monitoring report shows that one or more of the policies in the Plan are not achieving the Plan's objectives or is working contrary to effective planning in the district.

Monitoring the five-year housing land supply

View Comments (4) 3.78 A housing trajectory accompanying the Plan shows how sites are envisaged to deliver housing over the Plan period, based on discussions with developers, infrastructure providers and looking at previous delivery rates as well as other relevant factors. This illustrates that  the Council will deliver the overall housing requirement and also maintain a five-year housing land supply. It will be kept up to date and monitored to ensure that the projected housing delivery is achieved. The trajectory sets out when delivery can reasonably be expected but does not prevent earlier or accelerated delivery.

View Comments (4) 3.79 Annualising the overall housing requirement results in a yearly need to build 1,370 homes. However there have already been four years of the Plan period with another one likely to have passed before the Plan is adopted. The delivery in these years, whilst significantly higher than delivery rates previously, has cumulatively fallen short of this target:

View Comments (4) Table 7 Housing delivery in the plan period

Annual requirement

1,289 (projected)

Cumulative shortfall

View Comments (8) 3.80 To address this shortfall and provide the 5% buffer on top of the housing need required by the NPPF (it would increase to a 20% buffer in the event of persistent under-delivery), there needs to be an annual rate of delivery higher than 1,370 dwellings to ensure a five-year housing land supply. This will be achieved by delivery from the existing commitments, including two Major Development Areas (Berryfields and Kingsbrook at Aylesbury) along with various medium and smaller sites delivering in the shorter term. In the later parts of the plan period the large allocations in the Plan will then start to provide housing delivery. Achieving this level of housing delivery is ambitious and will be a significant increase on past rates.

Calculating projected supply from windfall sites

No Comments 3.81 Housing supply will also come forward through windfall sites[10]. The NPPF allows for a windfall allowance  if there is "compelling evidence that such sites have consistently become available in the local area and will continue to provide a reliable source of supply" (para 48). Any allowance must be realistic and should not include residential garden land. It is anticipated that additional small and large windfall sites will continue to come forward (as they have done historically) and contribute towards meeting the additional housing requirement to be planned for in the future.

View Comments (1) 3.82 Based on the NPPF requirements, the Council has put together evidence for windfall projections for sites of four or fewer dwellings which has been accepted by inspectors[11].  This evidence has taken into account historic delivery rates and expected future trends and does not include residential gardens in accordance with the NPPF definition. Aylesbury Vale is a large rural district and therefore the majority of windfall sites are greenfield.

View Comments (1) 3.83 Windfall projections are based on the average dwelling completions for small sites (four or fewer dwellings) over the last ten years (2007 – 2017) (the windfall allowance is based on completions, therefore a non-implementation allowance is not needed).  There has been a consistent and reliable supply of windfall sites as follows:

No Comments Table 8 Historic windfall completion rates on sites with fewer than five dwellings

Completions on small windfall sites (fewer than five dwellings) net (excluding residential gardens)

No Comments 3.84 The average number of homes delivered on windfall sites over the last 10  years (1 April 2007 – 31 March 2017) is 74 per annum. The windfall allowance is not applied to the next three years as sites under five dwellings are coming forward in this time period are likely to already have planning permission and therefore are counted as commitments. This gives a total windfall allowance of 962 dwellings for the last 13 years of the Plan period, 2020-2033.

View Comments (21) S9 Monitoring and review

The policies in the Plan will be monitored at least annually to ascertain whether or not they are fulfilling their aims.

The Plan will be reviewed, or proposals for alternative sustainable sites considered favourably (subject to compliance with other policies in the Plan), in any of the following circumstances:

a. Site allocations are not coming forward at the rate anticipated in the housing trajectory, leading to development not being delivered at the rate expected in the Plan

b. Evidence established through another local planning authority's Local Plan process show that its unmet need can only be accommodated in Aylesbury Vale

c. Changes in national planning policy and guidance that mean one or more of the policies in the Plan are not up to date, or

d. Evidence in the monitoring report shows that one or more of the policies in the plan are not achieving the Plan's objectives or is working contrary to effective planning in the district.

Irrespective of the above criteria, the Plan will be reviewed within five years.

[1] The full report including executive summary is available to download from the following page

[2] Made up of 6,980 sqm at Aylesbury town centre, 29 sqm at Wendover and 328 sqm at Winslow

[3] District-wide provision

[4] Including commitments from neighbourhood plans that have been made (Edlesborough and Long Crendon) or passed referendum (Waddesdon)

[5] This represents a 5.2% buffer on top of the total housing requirement made up of Aylesbury Vale's objectively assessed need and the unmet need from other authorities (27,400).

[6] Settlement Hierarchy for the Vale of Aylesbury Local Plan June 2017

[7] This includes figures for Stoke Mandeville, Bierton and Weston Turville parishes.

7& [8]&[9] Coalescence is the merging or coming together of separate settlements to form a single entity

[10] Defined in NPPF as sites which have not been specifically identified as available in the Local Plan process. They normally comprise previously-developed sites that have unexpectedly become available.

[11] APP/J0450/A/14/2213924 paragraph 166 and APP/J0405/A/13/2210864 paragraph 66

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2019 Patent Ranking By City

Below is an interactive table showing the patent ranking by city which have been granted the most patents by the United States Patent Office (USPTO). Our rankings are dynamically generated and are updated weekly on Tuesdays in sync with the USPTO. Please click on any city to see the full list of patents and to access to the individual patents from the USPTO. Processing time depends on USPTO server performance and can vary in speed.

Updated: 1/2/2019

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Country star John Rich is now a commentator on Fox Nation. According to a press release, the Big & Rich member will host a new show on the digital streaming service called The Pursuit! With John Rich. The show will be filmed at Rich's Nashville home and will feature the artist with "signature star guests and personal friends of Rich who will delve into their journey to achieving the American dream." The Pursuit! With John Rich will launch in February.

Matt Winkelmeyer, Getty Images

Runaway June, Morgan Evans and Riley Green are among the members of the 2020 CRS New Faces of Country Music class, announced via a press release on Monday (Dec. 9). Joining those three artists to round out the class are fellow country up-and-comers Mitchell Tenpenny and Riley Green, all of whom were selected by a vote of full-time radio station employees. The five acts will perform at the New Faces of Country Music Show during Country Radio Seminar 2020, set for Feb. 19-21 at the Omni Nashville Hotel.

CJ Berzin

Singer-songwriter Morgan Myles has announced plans for her debut full-length album. Titled Therapy, the record was produced by Corey Crowder (Chris Young) and is described by Myles as a truly cathartic record. "Music is something we can independently reach for when we are so alone and feel completely helpless. Sometimes that one song might empower us enough to start talking, to start reaching out to ultimately start the healing process," she says in a statement. "That is what this music did for my soul, while writing through the pain ... and it is what pulled me out of that pain afterwards. I hope this music can help others, the way that it has helped me through recent tough times.” Therapy is due out on Jan. 17.

Robin Marchant, Getty Images

Luke Bryan, Thomas Rhett and Dierks Bentley will headline the 2020 TrailBlazer Festival. Set for June 12-14 in Hunter, N.Y., the eighth-annual event 100 miles north of New York City (formerly known as the Taste of Country Music Festival) will also feature performances from Kelsea Ballerini, Cole Swindell, Clare Dunn, Hardy and more as-yet-unannounced artists. Tickets for TrailBlazer 2020 go on sale on Friday (Dec. 13) at 10AM ET.


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Jul 8th 2020

Digital Dick Turpins and Kardashian-style malware – a whistle stop tour of common security terms

I was recently asked to give the Babel team a training session on all things cybersecurity, given the majority of my clients fall into this sector. It was a ‘scratch the surface’ session; an ABC tour through the twists and turns of the cyber landscape – the typical threats, terms, actors and facts you might come across in the news and online. There were pictures of zombies, cool animations, and even a test on encryption. (Yes, I might have gone a bit too far with my presentation)

Before I go any further in this blog, I should provide a BIG disclaimer. I am by no means a cybersecurity expert (although my daily exposure to businesses in the sector has arguably given me more knowledge than Joe Public), nor have I ever worked in a cybersecurity company.

Sure, I’ve wondered how easy it is to hack a nemesis (we’ve all done that, right?) and I’ve looked on in wonder as TV characters have attempted to bring down government departments in a bid to shed light on the dark underbelly of a corrupt system. But many of the definitions and explanations I gave in my training session were either inspired by client spokespeople, or admittedly borrowed from the internet.

While I might not fluently know the ins and outs of the industry and its technicalities, I do know how to help cybersecurity companies build impactful campaigns that cut through the jargon and educate on the realities of our digital lives – both personal and professional. In fact, we just recently launched a whitepaper advising companies within the security sector on how to forget the ‘FUD’ in their communications campaigns, and instead build stories based on real-world insights, customer anecdotes and intelligence that journalists and their readers actually care about.

That aside, and rather than give you the full A-Z training session I gave my colleagues (as we’d likely be here for some time), I’ve provided a whistle stop tour below. I’ve summarised what I think are the most commonly-found terms, why they’re important, and what they mean, all with a light hearted, creative twist.

So, with that disclaimer over, let’s get started with:

G is for GDPR. Oh, our beloved GDPR. The General Data Protection Regulation was adopted in April 2016 and came into full force in May 2018. In the simplest terms, GDPR outlines principles, rights and obligations regarding how companies should be storing, handling and protecting customer data. Since May 2018, many businesses have begged GDPR for mercy, as they have fallen foul of its strict guidelines and have subsequently paid out millions in fines. Most recent victims include British Airways, Google and Marriott International.

M is for Malware. If malware were a celebrity, it would probably be Kim Kardashian – always breaking the internet. A more formal definition from US physical sciences laboratory and non-regulatory agency NIST (the National Institute of Standards and Technology) describes malware as any ‘hardware, firmware, or software that is intentionally included or inserted in a system for a harmful purpose.’ So, essentially any of the nasty stuff – such as a virus or spyware – that a hacker might load onto your device to gain access.

N is for Nation State Hackers. BAE Systems claims that nation state hackers have a ‘license to hack.’ These cyber crims have usually been commissioned by governments, with the aim of disrupting other nations’ systems or dislodging other countries from power. This naturally creates tensions between countries, with citizens and organisations often becoming collateral damage. Charl van der Walt, Head of Security Research at Orange Cyberdefense, explains well the role of nation states, their commissioned hackers, and the resulting cyberbalkanization of the internet in this blog post.

R is for Ransomware. Forget the highwaymen of days gone by, we have new digital Dick Turpins to contend with. As a type of malware, ransomware normally involves the encryption of a victim’s files – say an accounting company, as an example – with the hacker asking for payment in order to decrypt and return the files in their original, readable state, to the owner. Fail to pay the ransom, and everyone and sundry will have access to your precious information. It’s a fine line to walk deciding whether to pay the ransom or not. Any ransom paid is essentially fueling the cyber-crime ecosystem. But the risk of sensitive information being leaked into the ether could potentially be more damaging and costly.

S is for Social Engineering. In the context of cybersecurity, social engineering refers to attacks such as phishing, in which a victim is tricked into divulging personal or sensitive information. The trick usually works because the attack (usually in the shape of an email) is disguised as coming from a reputable source – a friend, a trusted organisation or supplier. It’s called social engineering, because the intent is to play on your human emotions – trust, curiosity, etc. But if you keep your eyes open, you can spot that something – the sender’s email address, logos, spelling of company names – isn’t quite right. Know what to look out for in a phishing scam? Test your skills here: https://www.phishingbox.com/phishing-test

If you haven’t had a chance to read our FUD in cybersecurity report just yet, why not take a look here? And if you’re keen on hearing about the work Babel has done in supporting security companies to create compelling and creative narratives, give us a call!

Sarah Alonze
Sarah Alonze DIRECTOR


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The Bachelor star Matty J is expecting (you’ll never guess the baby’s name!)

Posted in Baby Names.

Christmas will be extra exciting for Bachelor star and NOVA breakfast Radio host, Matty ‘J’ Johnson and partner, Laura Byrne.

Exciting news

The loved-up pair announced baby news on Tuesday by sharing the always-exciting first ultrasound photo.

Guess my baby’s name

Then yesterday, buoyed by the news of his first-born Matty decided to play a round of ‘guess my baby’s name’ with c0-hosts, Sarah Mc Gilvray and Matt De Groot.

Needless to say, it was a short game, after Sarah kicked things off by suggesting her own name.

“Actually … the name was Nova,” he confessed.

“Really?” Came Sarah’s almost disappointed response.

Read more about baby names:

A nice ring to it

But that didn’t deter the dad-to-be who went on to share that Nova, also the name of his employer, made a list of three (Beau and Kai) that Laura had discovered on a baby name app.

“Laura thought there was a ring to it,” Matt explained to his colleagues, and he liked it for being something a bit unique.

Apparently, he’s always taken issue with the fact he and siblings, Tom, David, Adam and Kate had really traditional sounding names.

In the meantime, let’s hope Matty is working on his daddy-game. The Bachelor star often posts photos of his nephew and niece doing ‘uncle duties’ but back in May he posted this photo saying, “I don’t know how people do this full time. One weekend is enough!”

We hear you Matty, enjoy your last Christmas sleep in!

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Home » Mosquito Control » Mosquito Repellant » Human Population Growth Means Mosquito Population Growth

Human Population Growth Means Mosquito Population Growth

It has been presumed that climate change is the reason why the mosquito population has rapidly grown in size over the past 50 years, however it’s more likely that the growth in human population may be the cause. With more of us inhabiting the planet, it gives these disease spreading pests a higher concentration of food source.

Surprising reason mosquitoes are booming in US

Disease-spreading mosquitoes are rapidly multiplying in the US—and surprisingly it doesn’t appear to have anything to do with climate change.
Mosquito populations in New York, New Jersey, and California have increased as much as tenfold in the past 50 years, and the number of mosquitoes in those places has as much as quadrupled, according to a press release.

This is bad news areas of high population because those mosquitoes that like to bite humans will be making themselves comfortable in this type of habit, which ultimately, leads to further spread of mosquito borne diseases.

All over the world there is the threat of mosquitoes and as our population grows, so does theirs.

California’s Booming Mosquito Population Puts Public At Increasing Risk

California’s mosquito population has increased tenfold over the last five decades. Now, like the researchers, your thoughts may immediately turn to climate change and warming temperatures as the cause, but that’s not what scientists found.

So it’s not just if you venture out into areas where you would usually protect yourself from these pests. You need to make sure you’re using repellent when you’re in areas of high population too. Nowhere is safe from these killer bugs, so let’s all do our bit in the fight against mosquitoes.

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Chris Comes Home

This is an early post from the day we adopted Chris. I just added the video at the end because I didn’t have a YouTube account when I originally wrote it.

Bad Cat Chris

November 14, 2009, a day that will live in infamy. That was the day we decided to bring Chris home. We made that decision even after knowing that Chris was adopted by another couple two or three weeks earlier and returned the next day because he kept them up all night with his biting. This is like buying a car after finding out it was in a wreck.

We got to the shelter and visited with Chris one more time before making the final decision. Of course, it wasn’t much of a decision because we brought a cat carrier with us, fully expecting that it would come home with a cat in it. We had no trouble putting him in the carrier. We just opened the door and he walked right in. He also gave us no trouble on the way home. I think he was ready for an adventure.

When we got…

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• ❤ DESIGNED FOR GIRLS：Pink bristles are really fit for any girl，I think every girl will going to buy this pink marble make up brushes,they are lovely and fantastic..
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11:30 am

Live Acoustic Music at Carol’s

August 1 @ 11:30 am - 3:00 pm
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An event every week that begins at 11:30 am on Saturday, repeating until December 26, 2020

Carol’s Restaurant, 33440 La Serena Way
Temecula, CA 92591 United States
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Come enjoy lunch and a glass of Baily wine with the live acoustic sounds of Charles Sacayan every Saturday from 12:30 - 3:00pm on the patio at Carol's.

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The Tastes of Vanillas

An article on the different tastes of vanilla according to their users. Specifically how the French, Italian, and British like their vanillas.

You have all probably heard of, tasted, used and seen vanillas before, whether it was in a form of a finished baked good, a liquid extract or as a vanilla pod itself. We can go into the whole definition and history of vanillas but today, let us talk about something else that has many of us wondering what the difference is.

Vanillas are somewhat like chocolates and coffee. The tastes of the vanilla beans would differ along with its different origins. However, when it comes to the people that use and declare that vanillas of a certain sort is the best, it is all up to each and every one of our personal preferences.

The French, Italian, and the British methods of showcasing the flavours of vanilla are the most popular despite their variations on the characteristics of vanilla.

The French pastries and desserts showcases the earthier bean note that brings out the raw natural taste of vanilla, and the natural tastes of the vanilla bean.

The British, however have a more soothing and classic take on food. They prefer to showcase the creamy and smooth vanilla notes.

Lastly, the Italians, with a balanced take on food has choose the path in between. Their food and dishes showcases a balance between the raw vanilla bean note that the French like and the smooth, refined creaminess that the British prefers.

For us here at Baking Blocks, we are a fan of all of them. Depending on how suitable a certain taste is to the dish in hand of course.

What’s your favourite vanilla characters?

Vanilla Extract
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How to Send Files Directly to a SharePoint Document Library via the Windows Explorer ‘Send to’ Menu

I have often wished that I could copy files to my Temp folder using the Send to menu from Windows Explorer.  After recently discovering a little trick that would allow me to do so, I realized that there was a potential SharePoint application as well.  Before we get to the SharePoint application though, I'd like to share the Temp folder solution.

First, type in the Run window:  %APPDATA%MicrosoftWindowsSendTo, then click the OK button:

This will open up the folder pictured below, and you just need to add a shortcut to your Temp folder here:

Return to your Send to menu, and you will see that you can now send files or folders directly to your Temp folder:

Once I discovered this, the next natural question was, "Could I use the same technique to move files to a SharePoint document library?"

Arranging to do so turned out to be even simpler.  All you need to do is map a drive to the SharePoint document library that you want to use as the destination, and the mapped folder will appear in Send to menu.

Taking it step by step, start by mapping a folder to the desired SharePoint document library:

 Next, enter the URL of the desired document library.  For example, I chose http://myportal/<site_name>/Shared Documents/KB Article:

Once complete, a map drive icon will appear under the Computer icon:

Test it out by trying to upload a file to the SharePoint document library from Windows Explorer:

Now browse to the document library from Internet Explorer… voila, the file is in SharePoint!

I tested this feature on Windows 7, but I expect it would work the same way on Vista and Windows 2008. This is a simple trick, but I can see it saving time and aggravation, especially when piles of files are involved.

All SharePoint Versions

The web parts are functional components that extend your SharePoint environment whether it’s hosted, on-premises, or part of Microsoft® Office 365.

SharePoint 2013, 2016, 2019, Online (Office 365)

On-Premises Only

These web parts extend SharePoint beyond its out-of-the-box capabilities by tailoring it to your requirements with Bamboo Solution’s growing portfolio of SharePoint Web Parts.

SharePoint 2013, 2016, 2019

Product Suites

Experience greater power and savings by bundling our SharePoint apps and web parts.

Essentials Suite

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Knowledge Management Suite

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For more information on our product suites, contact us.

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SharePoint Health Check

A SharePoint Health Check will identify the causes of issues and risks associated with your specific environment, and is custom tailored to provide you with the best recommendations to optimize your SharePoint environment.

SQL Health Check

Document recommendations relating to performance, stability, availability, or a specific focus you request of your SQL Server database instances.

My SharePointXperts

The truth is that each SharePoint skill may not be a full time job for many organizations, and it is nearly impossible for one person to do everything you need – so augment your team with SharePointXperts; providing the skill sets you need when you need them!


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Bamboo Partners

Bamboo Partners are part of an international network of technology professionals who can quickly match tailored Bamboo solutions to your SharePoint needs.

8000+ Bamboo customers · Customer base across over 80 countries · 50+ SharePoint solutions

How We Work with Partners

With partners including VARS, system integrators, hosting providers, technology providers and training services, Bamboo Solutions works with professionals who together form a big picture solutions network.

Benefits of Being a Partner

Join a growing network of dedicated technology professionals

Enjoy a long term, mutually profitable, close working relationship

Expand your reach and develop new business opportunities

Meet Our Partners

Partner FAQs

What are the benefits of becoming a Bamboo Solutions Agent?

As an Agent of Bamboo Solutions, you will receive:

  • Visibility via our Online Store
  • Referral/Commission
  • Mutual Lead Referrals
  • Technical/Proposal Support
  • Visibility at some Tradeshows
What sets Bamboo Solutions apart as a potential agent?

We are the leading provider of SharePoint solutions, with 8,000+ customers in over 80 countries, including some of the world’s best known brands. We are a Microsoft® Gold-certified partner and have been on the GSA schedule since 2009. We are also a trusted provider for many agencies of the U.S. Federal Government and proudly serve all five branches of the U.S. Armed Forces.

Would my company be expected to pay to become an agent?

No. Once accepted as an agent, all the resources we provide per the agent agreement are free. The mutual benefits we receive come from the relationship itself.

What does it mean to be an agent with Bamboo Solutions?

It means we get to know each other: what we do, what we offer, and how we can best work together. Bamboo has 50 + SharePoint solutions and full support and services, which may benefit your customers. We also have an international customer base. You could be the perfect partner for us to recommend to customers with particular requirements.

My company is outside the United States. Does that make a difference?

No. Our customer base is international and we welcome international agents.

How do the benefits mentioned above work in practice?

You can contact us any time, or simply log in to the My Bamboo account that you will set up once you become an agent. That account will contain agent-specific resources. And we’ll ensure you have all the tools you need to tackle any SharePoint issue quickly and effectively.

How do we partner with Bamboo Solutions?

Just get in touch and give us all the relevant details about your business. We’ll get back to you as soon as we’ve finished processing the information. You can contact us at

All SharePoint Versions

The web parts are functional components that extend your SharePoint environment whether it’s hosted, on-premises, or part of Microsoft® Office 365.

SharePoint 2013, 2016, 2019, Online (Office 365)

On-Premises Only

These web parts extend SharePoint beyond its out-of-the-box capabilities by tailoring it to your requirements with Bamboo Solution’s growing portfolio of SharePoint Web Parts.

SharePoint 2013, 2016, 2019

Product Suites

Experience greater power and savings by bundling our SharePoint apps and web parts.

Essentials Suite

Essentials Plus Suite

Bamboo Premier Suite

Project Management Suite

Knowledge Management Suite

External User Manager

For more information on our product suites, contact us.

Featured Services

SharePoint Health Check

A SharePoint Health Check will identify the causes of issues and risks associated with your specific environment, and is custom tailored to provide you with the best recommendations to optimize your SharePoint environment.

SQL Health Check

Document recommendations relating to performance, stability, availability, or a specific focus you request of your SQL Server database instances.

My SharePointXperts

The truth is that each SharePoint skill may not be a full time job for many organizations, and it is nearly impossible for one person to do everything you need – so augment your team with SharePointXperts; providing the skill sets you need when you need them!


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Watercolor technique in Ancient China

Seventy three million one hundred eighty three thousand five hundred eighty nine

The history of technology
The development of the watercolor technique has its origins in the distant the II century in China after the start of paper production. Watercolor art relative to other more young, because its birth was facilitated by the appearance of the paper, which was invented by the Chinese. Chinese style of decoration watercolor painting is not limited to paper, paintings were made on silk or other fabric. This allowed me to not only hang the watercolor paintings on the walls, but to reflect them on scrolls and stored in the designated cases, with the aim of preserve the pristine quality of the product.
Watercolor works by Chinese artists of that time were fascinated by the viewer's eye in its sophistication. The songs were so thin and delicate that created the impression, as if they consist of air. Water classic technique of watercolor painting originated in the 18th century during the reign of the dynasty of tin. Many famous artists of this period who served at the court as secretaries, he had the talent not only to painting but also to literature. The endless talent these figures are reflected in illustrations of landscapes, Pets, scenes from daily life, like peasants, and the Palace retinue. In addition, Chinese watercolor often illustrated poetry. Despite the fact that, as such, Chinese watercolor painting, as a concept was not its counterpart, water painting, had the same principles. Embodying on the canvas, animals, landscapes, scenes from daily life of the inhabitants of that time, the Chinese accompanied their creations with all sorts of labels.
Philosophy of technology
Visual memory was a hallmark of Chinese artists. Their work was never reduced to writing their creations from nature and were made solely on memory. This approach explains the deep philosophy of the Chinese worldview at that time. For them it was important not only to reflect the display on the colours of the object as to reveal his mental essence, embody the invisible insides on the fabric to show its personification in the eyes of the author. For example, depicting a tree, the artist tried to explain his greatness, fortitude and wisdom are timeless. Depicting chrysanthemum, on the contrary, the master aims to show the beauty inherent fragility, to impersonate her with the dawn of the life cycle, going hand in hand with the inevitability of a sunset.
Originated in China the technique has its continuation in our days. Especially gaining popularity in the ongoing thematic school lessons of watercolor for kids, and online classes watercolour for children. In connection with technical progress, watercolor classes online are more preferred as they allow you to learn this entertaining art in comfortable conditions for a child.

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