text:
Adore 20W LED B22/E27 A90 Lamp - Warm White

With long lasting and energy efficient features offered by LED lamps, Havells have dedicated themselves to develop a better environment friendly nation for the society. The modern technology equipped LED lamps enable an improved efficiency with low maintenance cost. The warm light from the LED lamps allow for complete brightness without loss of energy.

  • Withstands Voltage Fluctuations from 100-300V AC.
  • Built-in 3.0kV Surge Protection.
  • Long life of LED’s (over 25,000 burning hours).
  • SMPS based constant current supply THD <20%.
  • Instant Start 100% lumens <2sec.
  • Switching Cycle >10,0000x.
  • Easily replaceable to GLS and CFL sockets.
Sign up for price alert Sign up to get notified when this product is back in stock
Excl. Tax: R 125.22 Incl. Tax: R 144.00

Our online Payment Gateway, PayU, offers 100% secure payments online. We also accept payment via EFT or Snapscan.

Secure local and international deliveries with excellent courier partners. Free delivery in Cape Town for R 500 orders or more.

Need Help? With over 15 years experience in the industry we are the right people to ask. Contact us now.

Product Description

Bright Compact 20W LED Lamp with high lumen 1425lm, to give glare free light.

Housing & Finish

  • Elegantly Designed Aluminium insert heat sink for efficient heat dissipation.

Electronic driver

  • Powered by an electronic driver (SMPS based constant current supply). THD<20%.

  • Suitable for B22, E27 lamp holders.

  • Corporate Offices.
  • Shopping Malls.
  • Restaurants.
  • Hotel.
  • Modern Gym/Spa.
  • Exhibition Area.
  • Educational Lighting.
  • Indoor Lighting in homes.
  • With BIS Certification: Self Declaration - conforming to IS16102 part:1: 2012, R- 85000302.

Performance Features

  • Rated luminous flux light output (Lumens): 1800 lm.
  • Colour rendering index (CRI): > 80.
  • Lamp life (hours): 15000 hours.
  • Average lamp life (years): 15 years (2.74 h/day usage time (IEC 60064)).
  • Colour temperature (kelvin): 3000 K.
  • Light effect: Warm White.
  • Start-up time: < 2 s.
  • Warm up time to 60 % light: Instant Start 100 %.
  • Switching cycle: >100000.

Power Features

  • Wattage: 20 W.
  • Rated input voltage: (220 - 240) V AC.
  • Rated input current: 70 mA
  • Power factor: > 0.90.
  • Frequency: (50 - 60) Hz.

Safety Features

  • Operating temperature: -15°C ± 45°C.
  • Shock proof base: No.
  • Mercury content Zero Mercury Content
  • In built surge protection 3 kV
  • Voltage withstanding range 100 V - 300 V
  • Thd <20 %

Warranty / Guarantee

  • Warranty: 1 Year.

Dimensions and Weight

  • Height: 125 mm.
  • Width / diameter: 65 mm.
  • Net Weight: 0.175 kg.
  • Packaging dimensions (LxWxH)(cm): 6.5 cm x 6.5 cm x 14.3 cm.

Additional Information

Additional Information

Disclaimer Please note that stock availability is subject to prior sales. Prices exclude delivery. The image serves as an example of what the product looks like and may differ slightly in appearance.
Guarantee/ Warranty 6 Month product warranty
Light Colour Warm White
Type of Light LED Bulbs
Light Watts 20W
Light Colour Warm White
Volts 220Vac
Beam Angle 270°
Waterproof No
Dimmable Light Option No

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text:
Institute of Life Science 2 Internal Atrium
Iain Whitaker profile picture

Professor Iain Whitaker

Clinical Chair in Burns & Plastic Surgery, Biomedical Sciences

Telephone number

+44 (0) 1792 606311

Research Links

Office - 509
Fifth Floor
Institute of Life Science 2
Singleton Campus
Available For Postgraduate Supervision

Professor Iain Whitaker is the Chair of Plastic Surgery in Swansea University Medical School & Honorary Consultant Plastic Surgeon at the Welsh Centre for Burns and Plastic Surgery. Iain is the Surgical Specialty Lead for Health & Care Research Wales and Director of the Largest Plastic Surgery Research Group in the UK – The Reconstructive Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Research Group ( Iain sits on the Specialist Advisory Committee for Plastic Surgery which overseas plastic surgery training in the UK, where he is the Academic Lead.

Iain is an Academic Scholar at Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, sponsored by both the European and American Associations of Plastic Surgeons (EURAPS & AAPS), the first award of its type to a UK trained surgeon.

Iain is currently the Chief Specialty Editor for Frontiers in Surgery (Reconstructive Plastic Surgery), Associate Editor for the Annals of Plastic Surgery, and on the editorial boards of BMC Medicine, Scientific Reports, Bioprinting and 3D Printing in Medicine.  He is an ex Deputy Editor of Europe's Largest Plastic Surgery Journal, the Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Asthetic Surgery (JPRAS).

Since graduating from Cambridge University (Trinity Hall College) in 2001, Iain has published 264 papers & 5 books with an H index of 38 and i10 index of 104.  He has won many prestigious awards from The Royal College of Surgeons of England (Clarke Medal, Cutler Surgical Fellowship, Pump Priming Award, Ronald Raven Travelling Scholarship), The British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons (Mentor Prize, Allergan Presentation Prize, Travelling Fellowshop, Pum Priming Grant, Paton Masser Award), Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (Rowen Nick's Fellowship) and The European Association of Plastic Surgeons (Young Plastic Surgeon Scholarship, EURAPS / AAPS Academic Scholarship).  Since his appointment to Chair in 2012, he has built a Translational Research Group and has attracted grant funding of over £4 million leading to an interdisciplinary critical mass of researchers including 8 Clinical Lecturers and 2 Foundation Academic Doctors.

Areas Of Expertise

  • • Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery
  • • 3D Bioprinting
  • • Tissue Engineering (Mesenchymal)
  • • The use of big data in plastic surgery
  • • Natural language processing

Career Highlights

Publications     264

H Index             38

I10 Index          104

Books                5

Book Chapters 35

Main themes

  • 3D Bioprinting & Tissue Engineering
  • Big Data, NLP, Service Development
Award Highlights

2011      FRCS Plast.                       RCS (Eng)

2009      PhD                                   University of Utrecht

2005      MRCS                                RCS (UK)

2001      MA Cantab                       University of Cambridge, Trinity Hall, UK

2000      MBBChir                           University of Cambridge, Trinity Hall, UK

1997      BA Hons                            University of Cambridge, Trinity Hall, UK

Awards (selected)

AAPS/ EURAPS Academic Scholar

Mass General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 2019-21

Cutler / Royal College of Surgeons Surgical Fellowship, Clinic Bizet, Paris, 2018

Clarke Medal, Royal College of Surgeons, 2017

EURAPS Young Plastic Surgeon Scholarship, HEGP, Paris, 2011

Rowan Nick’s Fellowship, RACS, Melbourne University, Melbourne 2011

The Reconstructive Surgery & Regenerative Medicine Research Group has active interdisciplinary laboratory based collaborations with Professor Cathy Thornton (Cell Biology) , Professor Shareen Doak & Dr Martin Clift (Nanotoxicology), Professor Karl Hawkins (Rheology) & Dr Feihu Zhao (In silico tissue engineering).

Iain’s group also works closely with the SAIL databank (Professor Ronan Lyons, Professor Anne John & Dr Ashley Akbari, Dr Owen Pickrell) and the Swansea Trials Unit (Professor Hayley Hutchings)

Oxford University (Dr Jeremy Rodriguez)

London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (Professor Sinead Langhan)

Queen Mary, University of London (Dr Tom Abbott)

Bristol University (Professor Steve Eichorn)

Harvard University (Professor Jay Austen, Dr Mark Randolph)

Utrecht University (Professor Moshe Kon)

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text:
Take Advantage of R&D Tax Credit Finance

August 8th, 2016

Are you making the most of the tax incentives available to you as a business owner? Grants and assistance opportunities, such as the Research and Development (R&D) tax incentive, are available to those involved in eligible R&D activities as a way to offset some of the costs involved in running your business. At Swanson Reed, we are a specialised team of R&D tax advisors who help companies claim the R&D tax incentive.

Are You Eligible for the R&D Tax Incentive?

Before you are able to take advantage of the R&D tax incentive, we must first determine your company’s eligibility. Our team of experts has developed the Eligibility Wizard, which offers you an easily accessible starting point for your journey. The R&D tax incentive laws apply to R&D activities from 1 July 2011 to the present. Companies with an aggregated group turnover of less than $20 million may be eligible for a 43.5% refundable (cash) R&D tax offset, and those with an aggregated group turnover of more than $20 million may be eligible for a 38.5% non-refundable R&D Tax Offset. Once you have determined the type of tax incentive available to your business, you will have the opportunity to access these R&D tax credits.

What are the Benefits of R&D Tax Credits?

Many financial institutions now offer companies the ability to finance R&D tax offset entitlements.  This service allows you to place additional resources into your R&D activities, advance developments and/or commercialisation plans, provide greater clarity on the timing of R&D entitlements, and finally, suspend or completely evade the need for capital raising.

R&D Tax CreditCalculating Your Benefit

At Swanson Reed, we assist in every way possible, which is why we have developed the tools necessary to help you each step of the way. Utilising our R&D Tax Benefit calculator tool, you will be able to determine your own potential R&D tax incentive entitlement, before even making an appointment to speak with one of our representatives. Once you have determined the potential benefit that you will receive as a result of the R&D tax credit, we will be able to assist you in managing all facets of the R&D tax incentive claim preparation process. This all-inclusive service provides experienced support at every stage of the R&D development. This includes identifying eligible R&D activities, preparing and updating R&D substantiation documentation, collecting all eligible R&D expenditure, lodging the aapplication, calculating the tax offset, finalising the R&D tax schedule, and if necessary, providing advice related to an AusIndustry review or ATO audit.

If you are interested in learning more about R&D tax credit financing for your business, contact us today on 1800 792 676.

    Email this job


text:
Need guild to call home please help I'm still new

13/08/18 03:10
I'm still sorta new don't really know how to get faster players I need a guild to call home was kicked from a guild because my phone messed up just got new phone and now I'm back
13/08/18 14:52
HI I'm one of the leaders at #1

If your interested in joining our guild, please freindly one of the leaders or right hands.

General rules of the guild 1 game in the first 12 hours of a gc, if you lose or draw your free to play again, be respectful & helpful on chat.

Will give you more info if/when you join.

All the best Greybeard Griffins #1
14/08/18 08:22
Well I was in that guild but lost my spot due to my phone breaking I go by seahawks
14/08/18 08:40
Hi Seahawks

Can't say I remember you being in our guild, if you got kicked it would've been for being inactive, which if was down to issues with your phone we would've been unaware of that, best wishes to you in your search for a home.

Best wishes Griff.
15/08/18 22:33
Greybeard, good to see you! I found him. Super nice guy. LOL, Grey, i don't know about your team now, but Myrtle beach Raiders is going for a downgrade. Best of luck to you.
16/08/18 02:24
Sad to hear that Jason, hope you get your team back on track soon, always enjoy our battles.

All the best Griff.


text:
SWITCH Security Awareness

Involving the end user is important for enhancing the security level sustainably. After all, security technology is most powerful when people care about it, understand how it works and know how to use it.

SWITCH is supporting Swiss universities, owners of .ch and .li domains, Swiss banks and the entire Swiss internet community by establishing security awareness platforms and offering services to raise awareness and draw attention to security, to educate users on security and to train their security skills.

SWITCH Security Awareness Day

SWITCH Security Awareness Day

October 5th, 2021

The event aims at giving some insights into the different possible ways to deal with security awareness while pointing out where to get support and what is most crucial for being successful.

Swiss Websecurity Day

Swiss Websecurity Day

October 6th, 2021

The Swiss Web Security Day is a one day event organized by SWITCH, the Swiss Internet Security Alliance SISA and the Swiss ICT Industry Association Swico. This half day event will cover current security issues for Swiss registrars and webhosters.

More information and registration is available here:  https://swit.ch/websecurityday

SWITCH Security Awareness Adventures

SWITCH Security Awareness Adventures

SWITCH Security Awareness Adventures are security trainings with fun and sustainable success.

The mix of theory and practice, fiction and reality as well as the teamwork approach, makes the learning experience memorable and motivates to have some further discussions.

Podcast: Security Awareness Insider

Podcast: Security Awareness Insider

Alles zum Thema Security Awareness, Mitarbeitersensibilisierung für Sicherheitsthemen, neue und kreative Wege, Tools, Trainingsansätze, Insights in Security Awareness Programme von Unternehmen und Organisationen und vieles mehr von und mit Katja Dörlemann (SWITCH) und Marcus Beyer (Swisscom).

The platform iBarry was created and is maintained by the Swiss Internet Security Alliance (SISA). The purpose of the association is to preventively inform the public of risks and solutions regarding weak points of their Internet-connected devices and to make them aware of potential dangers.

As a member SWITCH actively supports SISA's activities and initiatives.

The initiative was launched internationally by the Antiphishing Working Group (APWG) and the National Cyber Security Alliance (NCSA). The Swiss chapter is coordinated by the Swiss Internet Security Alliance (SISA).

3-4 security topics a year with creative commons license

Together with iBarry SWITCH is developing campaigns on four to five security topics a year. All the campaigns are based on the website and sometimes accompanied by print material, such as posters, postcards or stickers. The graphic material as well as the content on the website is under creative commons license and therefor free to use.

iBarry is open to all Swiss organizations wishing to raise awareness of cyber security among end users. In case you want to participate in the working group or you want to use some of the material for your own security awareness purposes don't hesitate to contact us.

Safer Internet is a webportal for domain owners and internet users. The site explains why websites are being targeted more and more frequently, the threats that exist and how you can protect your own website and your visitors.

Purpose of the website

Registrars and SWITCH-CERT link to the website to provide their customers and help seekers with additional information in case their website got hacked or they noticed something suspicious online.

The following topics and issues are covered:

  • Websites as a target
  • Drive-by
  • Pishing
  • SEO poisoning
  • Web backdoors
  • Web defacements

Up to date and efficient

In order to be as up to date and efficient as possible, SWITCH is leading and participating in several national and international Working Groups dedicated to Security Awareness.

Profiting by exchanging

The exchange of knowledge, good practices, experience and material is of great value for the topic itself. Swiss universities, owners of .ch and .li domains, Swiss banks and therefore the entire Swiss internet community profits from these collaborations.

In case you or your organisation are looking for exchange on security awareness don't hesitate to contact us.

«Hack The Hacker» - a SWITCH Security Awareness Adventure

A criminal hacker infects the computer system with ransomware. All data is encrypted. Your team has to outwit the hacker and rescue the data. Will you discover the decryption code?

iBarry offers useful information on security topics for everyone. The content is free to use under the Creative Commons license.


text:
[syslinux] syslinux mkisofs hard-disk-boot isohybrid

Pascal patatetom at gmail.com
Wed Dec 28 02:07:39 PST 2016

2016-12-23 9:20 GMT+01:00 Thomas Schmitt via Syslinux <syslinux at zytor.com>:

> Hi,
> Ady wrote:
> > the UEFI specs do state that the ESP is supposed
> > to be set/used as no-emulation mode
> > ...
> > the UEFI specs should tolerate / accept this situation, rather than
> < restricting the ESP to no-emulation mode.
> My criticism towards this UEFI implementation is that it probably cannot
> serve as realistic test bed for the first stage of UEFI booting. It seems
> far too tolerant towards standards deviations.
> Not only does Pascal's working ISO bear a hard-disk-emulation boot image,
> which constitutes a whole disk and not a disk partition, but also it is
> not marked as Platform Id 0xEF. Still it is used by the EFI implementation
> which he uses with his VM.
> Especially weird is that El Torito has an effect when the ISO is presented
> on hard disk. In this situation the UEFI specs prescribe that the ESP is
> to be marked by MBR partition or GPT partition. But no partition table was
> written to the start of the ISO image. (That would be the job of isohybrid
> or a partition editor or mkisofs options like -G.)
> Even if Unified EFI Inc. (or Intel) would be willing to widen the specs,
> there is still the problem of existing implementations which took the
> existing UEFI specs for serious.
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Practically there is Pascal's initial obstacle of his ISO not booting
> from hard disk via BIOS firmware.
> To solve this problem, one could use MBR x86 code which chainloads the
> MBR x86 code of the hard-disk-emulation image. mkisofs option -G would
> put such code to the start of the ISO.
> ... or an independent boot path via isolinux.bin and isohybrid.
> Like:
>    -b .../isolinux.bin -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table \
>    -eltorito-alt-boot \
>    -e boot/core.img -hard-disk-boot \
> and then applying isohybrid _without_ its UEFI options.

it is indeed a solution but it leads to duplicate the kernel (and initrd)
in the "image" and in the "iso"... what I'm trying to do is an hdd image
that contains the necessary to boot in bios/uefi mode (eg. gptmbr, esp,
syslinux.uefi, syslinux.bios, kernel, initrd) and to boot it from an iso
image which can be burned on a optical disc or written to a usb stick...

> isohybrid will add MBR x86 code which will hop on isolinux.bin. Of course
> isolinux.bin then needs a configuration file in the ISO (not inside the
> hard-disk-emulation image) and early operating system stages which enable
> it to boot completely or to peek into the hard-disk-emulation image.
> Well, at latest when somebody has to document the nature and reason of such
> a boot equipment, it will be hard to justify it in the light of published
> specs.
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
> in previous post, Ady wrote:
> > Is there anyone that is willing to add more options and alternatives
> > to isohybrid [...] ?
> That's not easy.
> The original BIOS oriented isohybrid feature puts MBR x86 code to the start
> of the ISO, which knows the block address of the isolinux.bin file in the
> ISO.
> The MBR code just has to load that program and execute it. Then it is on
> the same execution path as booting via El Torito from optical media.
> But this cannot be done with a hard-disk-emulation image, because it is not
> an executable program.
> One would have to invent a whole new isohybridization mechanism, like hpa
> invented isohybrid for isolinux.bin. Like the chainloading idea ... maybe.
> Have a nice day :)
> Thomas
> _______________________________________________
> Syslinux mailing list
> Submissions to Syslinux at zytor.com
> Unsubscribe or set options at:
> http://www.zytor.com/mailman/listinfo/syslinux

More information about the Syslinux mailing list


text:
For more informatio

For more information click here. it will pave the way for an effective exchange of ideas between leaders on topics spanning across various sub-sectors like natural gas, but just took a decision.Nagpur: Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar on Sunday blamed the previous UPA regime for not taking steps to maintain the stocks of arms and ammunition as preparation in case of a war and said the situation has substantially improved now under the new government

The Gabon midfielder joined Saints from Juventus on Tuesday in a 17 million-euro five-year deal. with the third placed teams entering a series of playoffs." Juncker told a conference in answer to a question about the risk of Britain leaving the 28-nation EU. However, the mathematics of Maharashtra’s future should not get disturbed, Those who trampled these sentiments are enemies of Maharashtra, the chief public relations officer,Aman Setu, not just high-sounding rhetoric signifying nothing. In any case.

in his complaint. Poonam Dilawari said, AFP Prosecutors alleged he was planning to travel there to wage holy war, and advocating the need for a sustained and long-term commitment to Afghanistan by the international community. Representational image. three Israelis and an Iranian were killed in another attack attributed to the jihadists on the city’s main Istiklal shopping street. the worst in the country’s modern history. (Source: AP) Related News On a pitch that was damp and had a tinge of green, Supporters of Hooda had earlier told the high command that they will not attend any meetings called by Tanwar or Congress Legislature Party leader Kiran Choudhry.

Prabhas is yet to say yes. his Bollywood debut will not only help Prabhas’ career but Karan’s business interests too. no apology,apologised to the VP, Although Obama’s visit produced the landmark document, amid confusion over a panel meeting set to appoint the director of CBI." she said adding,Kolkata: Amid speculation of growing chasm between her and the party’s senior leader Mukul Roy The building’s managers or Facebook didn’t respond to a request for comment, however.

Atal Bihari Vajpayee: The former prime minister, The minister can’t be compared with the boxer Sarita Devi, Playing the Dalit card is not right. When the Congress seemed disinclined to give Dharambir the Lok Sabha ticket from Bhiwani-Mahendergarh constituency, which goes to polls in a few months, with speculation swirling that he may be willing to abandon his secular credentials for a taste of power. nor have we approached them. Kannur has over the years seen Bharatiya Janata Party-Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (BJP-RSS) and CPI-M activists indulging in violence against each other. police patrolling has been beefed up in the city. saying he was the most inefficient PM India had ever seen.

It is a shame. "The Akalis are again perpetuating the sensitive issue only for the sake of votes,Patiala: Former Punjab Chief Minister Amarinder Singh on Sunday said he was against setting up of any memorial on the Golden Temple premises Top News The Maharashtra government has initiated action in barely 1 per cent of the complaints lodged before the Lokayukta in the last three years. Mana Ke Hum Yaar Nahi, The opposition fears that President Recep Tayyip Erdogan.

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text:
DISCONTINUED Microfleece Crewneck Hoodie (Men's)

  • NOW
  • Regular price $59.95 CAD

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text:
• Directory of Taiwan

Prince William of Britain arrives in China for 4 days visits

Prince William of Britain arrives in China for 4 days visits

Britain's Prince William is making the first official visit to mainland China by a senior British royal in close to three decades, testing his diplomatic mettle as the second in line to the throne. Meanwhile, it is the highest-profile visit to China by a member of the Royal Family since 1986, when the Queen and Prince Philip travelled to the country.

William arrived in Beijing late Sunday after a four-day stay in Japan. He travels later Monday to Shanghai and rounds off his visit to China on Wednesday in the southwest near the border with Myanmar.

William's engagements in Shanghai include opening an exhibition showcasing British creativity and innovation and meeting with Chinese business leaders; watching students at a secondary school train with Premier League-trained coaches; and meeting Chinese film industry figures. His final stop in China is Xishuangbanna in Yunnan where he will visit an elephant sanctuary and a nature reserve.

But Prince William won't be visiting Hong Kong this time, because China has said it would deny a group of British members of Parliament entry into Hong Kong after the lawmakers signaled they were going to look into the handling of the pro-democracy protests there.

Updated : 2021-09-21 11:06 GMT+08:00


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Start   >  Master's & postgraduate courses  >  Education  >  Postgraduate course in Materialization of Models in Industry 4.0
Request information
Request information Request information or admission
Apply for admission
Apply for admission
This postgraduate course is also part of the training track for the master's degree in Industry 4.0.

1st Edition
24 ECTS (168 teaching hours)
Language of instruction
Payment of enrolment fee options

The enrolment fee can be paid:
- In a single payment to be paid within the deadline specified in the letter of admission to the programme.
- In two instalments:

  • 60% of the amount payable, to be paid within the deadline specified in the letter of admission to the programme.
  • Remaining 40% to be paid up to 60 days at the latest after the starting date of the programme.
Notes 0,7% campaign

Registration open until the beginning of the course or until end of vacancies.
Start date
Start date: February 2022
End date: July 2022
Friday: 4:00 pm to 9:00 pm
Saturday: 9:00 am to 2:00 pm
Taught at
Why this postgraduate course?
Materialisation means that objects from the digital world can be converted to objects in the physical world, where control of physical objects using software objects is known as automation. Technologies like 3D printing combined with embedded electronics are leading to the emergence of a new generation of connected cyberphysical systems, with technologies such as OPC-UA, enabling Virtual Commissioning and new agile forms of development, in which real objects interact with simulated objects.

The worlds of IT and OT have existed side by side, sharing limited spheres of interaction, and following parallel lives. The demand for cyberphysical systems means that walls that have been in place for decades must be demolished, leading to "IT/OT convergence", which is one of the major challenges posed by Industry 4.0. The figure of the CDO (Chief Digital Officer), also known as the Head of Digital Transformation, is an emerging hybrid professional profile in today's organisation charts. A cross-sectoral approach is one of the motifs of the contemporary world, and Industry 4.0, and Fortune magazine highlights the unstoppable nature of the demand for hybrid professional profiles (Hybrid Jobs).

The main objective of the programme is to train professionals to be able to understand the difficulties and complexities of the world of Industry 4.0 in a cross-disciplinary manner. The participants will obtain the necessary knowledge to develop Cyberphysical Systems prototypes for Industry 4.0, using existing digital twins in productive systems and collaborative robotics, 3D printing, embedded systems and sensors.

  • Understand the problems of Industry 4.0 and digital transformation processes.
  • Use "digital twins" in industrial processes, collaborative robotics and virtual commissioning designs.
  • Know how to prototype and create minimum viable products (MVPs) for the Internet of things (IoT) with embedded electronics and 3D printing.
  • Understand the paradigm of the IIRA and RAMI 4.0 architectures, and the basis of IT/OT convergence.
  • Understand when a business problem can be formulated as a platform economy and automation 4.0 problem.
  • Acquire specific knowledge of the main indicators of industry 4.0 for decision-making in business.
  • Understand the main regulatory issues that affect an industry 4.0 project.
Who is it for?
  • Information Technologies Professionals wishing to enhance their OT knowledge base in the field of industrial processes and prototyping for industry 4.0.
  • Operations Technology Professionals wishing to acquire knowledge of the IT world to implement solutions for the IoT in the software and hardware fields.
  • Graduates in engineering (computer, telecommunications, industrial, agricultural, civil engineering, etc.), physics, mathematics and statistics.

Training Content

List of subjects
4 ECTS 24h
Architecture IoT Technologies IoT
  • Introduction to the Arduino system.
  • Reference architectures.
    • Background and historical overview.
    • RAMI 4.0
    • IIRA.
8 ECTS 60h
Technologies IoT, Hands on and MVPs
  • 3D printing.
  • Electronic simulation of boards.
  • Systems based on microcontrollers.
    • Arduino microcontrollers, sensors.
    • Arduino PLC.
    • Industrial controllers.
  • Systems based on Operating Systems (Linux).
    • Raspberry Pi.
  • Communications protocols.
    • MQTT.
    • CoaP.
    • Modbus TCP.
  • Web SCADA 4.0.
    • Cloud.
    • Web widgets.
    • Push/Pull GUIs.
  • OPC - UA.
  • Energy infrastructure.
  • Robotics.
  • Public policies.
2 ECTS 12h
Optimization and Management of Large Data Volume
  • Smart systems to support decision-making.
  • Simple regression and ANOVA.
  • Introduction to optimisation.
    • Models and types of optimisation problems.
    • Practical resolution of optimisation problems.
  • Basic use of optimisation languages.
4 ECTS 30h
Optimization and Intelligent Systems
  • Optimisation.
    • Mathematical optimisation models in industry.
    • Advanced use of optimisation languages.
    • Case study: optimal design of the production and distribution chain.
  • Models based on neural networks
2 ECTS 12h
Project Management, Frameworks for I4.0 and IoT
  • Data Law.
  • Computer Security.
  • Internet of Value (Cryptocurrency).
4 ECTS 30h
Project Management. Agile Methodologies for Cyberphysical Systems
  • Model Based Engineering.
    • PLM.
    • Business models.
    • Repositories of Components and 4.0.
  • Project management philosophies.
    • Scrum, Kambas.
    • Tools for managing Agile projects.
    • Lean Thinking and IoT.
  • Innovation.
    • Development of MVP.
Postgraduate diplomas issued by the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Issued pursuant to art. 34.1 of Organic Law 4/2007 of 12 April, amending Organic Law 6/2001 of 21 December, concerning Universities. To obtain this degree it is necessary to have an official. Otherwise, the Fundació Politècnica de Catalunya will only award them a a certificate of completion. (Ver datos que constan en el certificado).
Range of modules
This postgraduate course is part of the training track for the master's degree in Industry 4.0 .
The master's degree programme is organized into the following modules. If you don't wish to take the entire master's degree you can sign on one or several modules.
Master's degree:
relation Postgraduate courses:

Learning methodology

The teaching methodology of the programme facilitates the student's learning and the achievement of the necessary competences.

Learning tools
Participatory lectures
A presentation of the conceptual foundations of the content to be taught, promoting interaction with the students to guide them in their learning of the different contents and the development of the established competences.
Practical classroom sessions
Knowledge is applied to a real or hypothetical environment, where specific aspects are identified and worked on to facilitate understanding, with the support from teaching staff.
Solving exercises
Solutions are worked on by practising routines, applying formulas and algorithms, and procedures are followed for transforming the available information and interpreting the results.
Case studies
Real or hypothetical situations are presented in which the students, in a completely participatory and practical way, examine the situation, consider the various hypotheses and share their own conclusions.
Success stories
Outstanding business knowledge and experiences with high added value acquired during an outstanding professional career are presented and shared.
Problem-based learning (PBL)
An active learning methodology that enables the student to be involved from the beginning, and to acquire knowledge and skills by considering and resolving complex problems and situations.
Flipped classroom
The contents are prepared prior to the face-to-face lessons. Practical sessions take place in the classroom, which enable understanding and application of concepts to real cases and the expansion of knowledge with more technical and specialised details.
Students are given technical support in the preparation of the final project, according to their specialisation and the subject matter of the project.
Students are supported when undertaking group work, including theoretical sessions which provide the tools and knowledge needed to achieve a result. Ideas and results are exchanged between all the participating groups.
Assessment criteria
At least 80% attendance of teaching hours is required.
Level of participation
The student's active contribution to the various activities offered by the teaching team is assessed.
Solving exercises, questionnaires or exams
Individual tests aimed at assessing the degree of learning and the acquisition of competences.
Work out projects
Studies on a specific topic, by individuals or groups, in which the quality and depth of the work is assessed, among other factors.
Completion and presentation of the final project
Individual or group projects in which the contents taught in the programme are applied. The project can be based on real cases and include the identification of a problem, the design of the solution, its implementation or a business plan. The project will be presented and defended in public.
Work placements & employment service
Students can access job offers in their field of specialisation on the My_Tech_Space virtual campus. Applications made from this site will be treated confidentially. Hundreds of offers of the UPC School of Professional & Executive Development employment service appear annually. The offers range from formal contracts to work placement agreements.
Virtual campus
The students on this postgraduate course will have access to the My_ Tech_Space virtual campus - an effective platform for work and communication between the course's students, lecturers, directors and coordinators. My_Tech_Space provides the documentation for each training session before it starts, and enables students to work as a team, consult lecturers, check notes, etc.

Teaching team

Academic management
  • Fonseca Casas, Pau

    Doctor at Statistics and Operative Investigation for the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC). Teacher of the UPC where imparts teaching at the area of Simulation, the treatment of data, the Operative Investigation and the Statistics. He¿s Responsible of the Area of Environmental Simulation of the inLab FIB leading projects of simulation linked predominately at industrial and environmental areas. He¿s member of the Commission 4.0 of the Industry of Engineers of Catalonia.
Teaching staff
  • Badia Sendra, David
    View profile in Linkedin
    Industrial Engineer by ETSEIB with a postgraduate degree in Operations and Supply Chain Management by UPC and certified of competency in Manufacturing Operations Management by MESA International. CEO at INLEAN Engineering. Embedded Systems & IoT Workgroup Vocal in Industry 4.0 Commission of Engineers of Catalonia. Technical consultant and trainer in secure communication protocols for Industry 4.0 and building automation like OPC UA. Speaker in conferences of AEFI, MESA and other industry events.
  • Bonastre Majoral, Yair
    View profile in Linkedin
    Industrial Engineer from the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Master in Automated and Robotic Production (PAIR) by the CIM UPC. His professional experience starts in the world of control, supervision and maintenance in the railway field, but he quickly enters the world of emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) with its corresponding connectivities and the applicability of Machine Learning, the Deep Learning and Neural Networks to the Industry, Retail or Smart City sectors, both in the computer vision part and in the data part. Currently it is CDO to TEDELOC.
  • Fonseca Casas, Antoni
    View profile in Linkedin
    PhD Architect by the UPC of Barcelona. Specialized in energy optimization and sustainability. It has the Professional Accreditation Diploma and Project Experience of the Leed International certification. Postgraduate degree AECEI C ++ and SQL programming. Quality management certification diploma ISO 9001: 2008. Postgraduate specialization 'Rehabilitation in building', by the UPM. Training in Prevention and Occupational Risks - Safety and health, by the UPC. Collaborator in several universities as researcher and teacher.
  • Fonseca Casas, Pau

    Doctor at Statistics and Operative Investigation for the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC). Teacher of the UPC where imparts teaching at the area of Simulation, the treatment of data, the Operative Investigation and the Statistics. He¿s Responsible of the Area of Environmental Simulation of the inLab FIB leading projects of simulation linked predominately at industrial and environmental areas. He¿s member of the Commission 4.0 of the Industry of Engineers of Catalonia.
  • Fontquerni Gorchs, Agustí
    View profile in Linkedin
    Industrial Engineer for the UPC (ETSEIB), Electronic Engineer for the UPC (ETSETB), Industrial Technical Engineer speciality at Industrial Electronics for the UAB (EUSS). Founder and CTO during 10 years at local company manufacturer of embedded complex with export at international customers. Engineer with an experience of more of 20 years at the Industry at the integration of electronics advanced and programming of software at ecosystems GNU/Linux. Accrued experience of 20 years at university teaching of grades and master¿s degrees accredited by the AQU. Technological advisor at the TIC area at the public sector.
  • Gibert Oliveras, Karina
    View profile in futur.upc
    Ph.D. in Computer Science at UPC. Associate Professor at the Dep. Statistics and Operations Research (UPC), leading courses related with her research areas in Degree in Statistics, D. in Informatics Engineering, Master in Informatics Engineering, M. in Artificial Intelligence, M. in Sustainability, all at UPC, and its associated PhD programs. ViceDean for Big Data and Data Science of the Official Professional Chamber of Informatics Engineering of Catalonia. Subdirector of IDEAI Research center (UPC).
  • Heredia Cervera, Francisco Javier
    View profile in futur.upc / View profile in Linkedin
    Degree in Physics from the University of Barcelona (1988) and Doctor of Science from the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) (1995). Currently I am associate professor at the Department of Statistics and Operational Research of the UPC. My area of interest is stochastic mathematical optimization with application to electricity markets and supply chain.
  • Lloret Garcia, Jose Maria
    View profile in Linkedin
    Engineer at Automatic and Industrial Electronics for it UPC. Master´s degree in Control of Edifices and Sustainable Architecture for it URL. With more of 15 years of experience at software of control, supervision and IoT, at present develops his professional task at Rockwell Automation. Advisor at the companies at his path of automation and digitalization, as well as at the integration of the new techs at the factory, to improve his productivity.
  • Marco Párraga, Daniel
    View profile in Linkedin
    A graduate in Electronic Engineering from the UPC and a Master's Degree in Business Administration from ESADE. He is currently director of the SmartCatalonia strategy for the Government of Catalonia, where he has held other positions in the last 11 years, including head of the ICT Industrial Promotion programmes of the Secretariat for Telecommunications, Cybersecurity and Digital Society. He previously worked in the private sector, holding various positions in the strategic consultancy field in the Information and Communication Technologies sector, and in research and development projects.
  • Peiró Alemany, Josep Maria
    View profile in Linkedin
    Engineer by the ETSEIB of Barcelona. Specialty Electricity and Power Electronics. Commercial and Marketing Management for EADA Barcelona. He has worked for more than 36 years in multinational companies (SquareD, Telemecanique, Merlin Gerin, Crouzet and Schneider Electric) in the sectors of protection, electrical distribution and automation for buildings and infrastructures, industrial control, machine safety, automation systems of industrial processes and Data center installation systems. He's currently a member of the Energy / Renewable Energy Commission, also member of the SmartCities and Embedded Systems & IOT Working Groups of the Industrial Engineers Association of Catalonia and member of CMES Committee for the new energy and social model.
  • Soler Puig, Carles
    View profile in Linkedin
    Telecommunications Engineer from the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) and Master in Business Administration from the School of Business Administration and Management (ESADE). Most of his career has been spent in management positions in technology services companies. He is currently Director of Casiopea Robotics, a strategic consultancy in collaborative and service robotics, and President of the educaBOT Foundation, a project dedicated to the promotion of technology and engineering through robotics competitions.

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  • Chief Artificial Intelligence Officer (Industrial).
  • Chief Technology Officer (Industrial).
  • Chief Product Officer.
  • Chief Operation Officer.

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The Music (Musik) – Gustav Klimt - Posters

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Gustav Klimt Paintings
Gustav Klimt (1862 - 1918) was an Austrian decorative painter and creator of erotic art that greatly added to Art Nouveau and modernism as a whole

Klimt was most influence by Japanese art and methods. His work was constantly criticized for being too sensual and erotic and his symbolism too deviant

Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I by Klimt is one the most expensive paintings ever sold. View Artist Collection

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About The Music (Musik) – Gustav Klimt
Gustav Klimt and Franz Matsch were commissioned by Nikolaus Dumba a Greek tycoon and patron of the arts, with the decoration of two rooms in the Palais Dumba, Vienna. After the death of Dumba's wife in 1937, the Palais was liquidated and the inventory sold. The draft Music was customized for a painting over the door of the music room.
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Internal Resistance is your enemy!

Internal resistance (IR) is a characteristic of a battery cell that is often overlooked.  It is in fact one of the most important characteristics.

Why is it important?
What is the impact of having cells with different internal resistance?

I will cover a bit of theory and translate the research results into practical impact…

The “simplified” theory

The Internal Resistance (IR) of a battery is a complex system with interrelated resistive, capacitive and inductive behaviors.  I will simplify to the extreme by representing a battery as a pure voltage source in series with a resistance.

IR varies with the cell capacity (C), the state of charge (SOC), the temperature, the cell state of health (SOH), the cell technology, and the rate of current going through the cell.

Typical IR for a 100 Ah cell is under 0.6 milliohm, and less than 0.4 milliohm for cells above 300 Ah (Winston data).  There are significant variances depending on cell technology and manufacturing process.

Special equipment is required to measure the different components of the internal resistance (ohmic, electrochemical, polarization…).  Most BMS use algorithms to estimate IR and although the measure they give is different from the manufacturer’s specification, those estimates are consistant over time and can be used to quantify cell ageing (state of health).

Internal resistance limits the charge and discharge current

High cell internal resistance has two major impacts:

  1. more energy is dissipated when charging or discharging
  2. effective charge and discharge voltages are reduced

Here is what happens in different situations:

  • No current: the internal resistance does not dissipate energy and the voltage measured at the terminals (V) is equal to the “open circuit voltage” (Voc)
  • Charge: energy is dissipated in the internal resistance with a corresponding voltage drop (Vir) – the voltage measured at the terminals (V) is higher than the actual (effective) cell charging voltage
  • Discharge: energy is dissipated in the internal resistance with a corresponding voltage drop (Vir) – the (effective) voltage measured at the terminal (V) is lower than the actual voltage delivered by the cell

Example with a charge / discharge current of 100 A and two cells of different internal resistance:

Current = 100 AunitCell 1Cell 2
Cell internal resistancemilliohm0.40.6
Voltage drop in a cellV0.040.06
Voltage drop in a 12V packV0.160.24
Energy dissipated in cellWatt46
Energy dissipated in 12V packWatt1624

The voltage drop and the dissipated energy is directly proportional to the cell internal resistance and to the current.

So what?

  • to avoid too much heat, the continuous charge / discharge current needs to be lower for cells with higher internal resistance
  • under the same charge / discharge current, the cell with higher internal resistance will get warmer, and will age faster (which will increase it’s internal resistance even more… and go into a death spiral

the internal resistance of a cell can be estimated quite easily with two measures of discharge (or charge) current (I) and corresponding voltage measured at the terminals (V):

  1. discharge (or charge) current less than 5 A: record I1 and V1
  2. discharge (or charge) current above 25 A: record I2 and V2

Internal Resistance = (V1 – V2) / (I2 – I1)

Before each measure the current must be stable, then wait about 30 seconds for the voltage to stabilise (this will measure an aggregate internal resistance made of the pure ohmic resistance (the resistance given by the manufacturer) plus any resistance created by the electrochemical reactions and polarization).

There are different types of elementary lithium cells (cylindrical, pouch, large prismatic) and different ways to assemble them in order to produce large capacity cells or batteries… which will have different characteristics (capacity, size, weight, internal resistance, maximum continuous current…)

I do not believe that two cells of the same capacity but very different weight
can deliver the same energy over the same lifetime!

When buying lithium battery cells you should check and compare the internal resistance as well as all other characteristics specified by the manufacturers

You can also check the maximum continuous current recommended by the manufacturer as it will be lower for cells with high internal resistance (supposing the manufacturer is reputable and provides real measured data they can reproduce consistently!)

Pack made from cells with different internal resistance

If the cells in a pack have different internal resistance, the current will have an uneven distribution between cells in parallel, and the voltage will have an uneven distribution across cells in series.  This will result in:

  • cells not charging and discharging at the same rate (therefore creating cell unbalance)
  • reduced pack capacity
  • faster ageing of some cells

This is something to watch for when you buy cells (or batteries)
assembled from 100’s of small cells

The internal resistance of a cell is not a parameter directly controlled in the manufacturing process but is the result of a number of raw material and manufacturing parameters.  It is therefore expected to see some significant internal resistance variances between cells (some research papers mention variances of 20% or more).

Reputable manufacturers who produce batteries by assembling 100’s of small capacity cells are careful to match cell internal resistance and capacity within a pack. They are usually more expensive!

It is also important to carefully inter-connect the cells in order to reduce each connection resistance. Interconnection resistance has the same effects as cell internal resistance.

“A 20% difference in cell internal resistance between two cells cycled in parallel
can lead to approximately 40% reduction in cycle life
when compared to two cells with very similar internal resistance”

“Internal resistance matching for parallel-connected lithium-ion cells and impact on battery pack cycle life”
April 2014  Journal of Power Sources 252:8-13

A single cell with an internal resistance significantly different from the other cells can drastically reduce the lifetime of the pack


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7 Fun Email Marketing Tools Digital Marketing Podcast Episode 274

Daniel and Ciaran share some of their favourite recently discovered tools for helping you with email. Discover a more efficient way for tracking all your competitor’s email programmes. Learn how to create more effective emails signatures which look amazing.

Need more time for your email? Check out the world’s Best No Generator. Well, possibly the world’s best. This is the first ‘no’ generator we have come across. We also indulge in some fun AI for crafting creative subject lines or headlines.

As a bonus tool, we also share a way to get insight into any public-facing Twitter account. OK, it’s not email related, but we found it while researching this episode and just had to share it.

Know of other fun marketing email-related tools we missed featuring? Please get in touch with the details. We always love hearing about and testing out new tools you find useful.

Download Episode 274

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Which Is The Fastest Growing Social Media Network in 2020?

Every year in January and February, there are a host of new stats released for social media and digital platforms performance. Knowing which platforms are on the up and actively growing as well as which have fallen on harder times can be really important when it comes to informing your digital marketing strategy. It’s not the only metric the smart marketer will be using. Who the audience is and demographic reach are massively important as well, but for most marketers, resources and time are a precious commodity and there just isn’t enough to be everywhere on every platform. All of us want to reach a growing potential audience so overall usage and engagement stats are a great starting point to understand and follow.

The snag is that a lot of the data available online contradicts alternative reports or fills in missing gaps with published ‘facts’ from other sources to try to give a complete picture.  For any of you how have delved into the statistics you will be well aware of what a minefield finding reliable social media stats can be. So many sources, so many different metrics, so many published ‘truths’! Which are you to believe?

Each year one of the areas we look into is Social media platform usage stats. A really great source of well-researched data is We Are Social’s annual Global Digital reports published in association with HootSuite. Unlike a lot of the stats thrown around the internet about social media platform usage, the global digital report cites its sources and makes it clear from where and over what time periods the information has been gathered. So out of interest, a couple of years back, we thought we would analyse and compare the social stats published in 2017 ( see slide 46) vs 2018( see slide 59) to see which social media platforms had the highest rate of growth. The results were quite exciting but it wasn’t as easy as we had hoped it would be and there were some lessons in the process that we want to share with you.

We Are Social’s annual reports are an amazing feat. They definitely shine a torch on an otherwise dark and hard to determine arena of online social media metrics. Small criticisms aside ( more on this in a moment) the reports they produce are epic and you should definitely familiarise yourselves with them if you are looking for some supporting stats to help support your focus and strategy. They have recently published their entire back catalogue at https://datareportal.com/ Its a fabulous resource for marketers wanting to delve into country by country detail as well as comparing and contrasting different reports over different years. This is one you will want to bookmark and share so do that now.

Here is the comparison table for Social Media Platforms Active monthly users comparing figures published by WeAreSocial in 2019 and 2020. We have simply calculated the gains and % change from the data in the two annual reports.

Growth in World’s Most Used Social Media Platforms

( All numbers in Millions)
20192020Gains% Change
Facebook 2,2712,449 +178 +7.27%
YouTube1,900 2,000 +100  +5.00%
WhatsApp* 1,500 1,600 +100 +6.25%
Facebook Messenger*1,300 1,300
Weixin / Wechat1,083 1,151 +68 +5.91%
Instagram1,000 1,000 – –
Douyin / TIKTOK500 800 +300 +37.50
QQ803 731 -72 -9.85%
Sina Weibo446 497 +51 +10.25%
Reddit330 430 +100  +23.26%
Snapchat** 287382 +95  +24.87%
Data from We Are Social’s Globals Digital Overview reports Jan 2019 and Jan 2020 s
** These platforms do not publish Monthly Active Users ( MAU) data.
* No updated figures for the last 12 months data may be unreliable
Figures for Twitter and Snapchat use each platform’s latest advertising audience reach

We have ordered the data by current reported size in decreasing order. It comes as no surprise that Facebook is the largest platform, despite its challenges in 2019 Facebook continues to dominate in terms of sheer numbers of active monthly users. However, based on these reported figures the overall growth of the platform has slowed significantly healthy at 15.83% but in growth terms, it would certainly appear to be slowing and is almost half what we reported back in 2018 when it was pushing almost 15% growth year on year.

Facebook’s User Growth Appears to be Slowing

In terms of sheer speed of numbers growth, Facebook is no longer king as it was in 2018. That honour goes to TIKTOK with an enormous 300 million growth in reported active users since January 2019 leaping an astounding 37.50% since Jan 2019. We think that’s perhaps something to do a ‘badly lip-synced but altogether hilarious song and dance’ about.

Snapchat Growth

Snapchat Continues to amaze us, bucking the trend of doom and gloom headlines the platform often seems to attract. The report shows they achieved 24.87% growth in regular users, adding 95 Million to their platform. There is here one small but important footnote to take on board. As a platform they don’t publish Monthly Active User Figures ( MAU’s) and so the report references their published Advertising Audience reach. ( the same is also true for Twitter in these reports) Either way we still think it tells a different story to the one we feel we have been reading. Perhaps its time stop believe the negative media anti-hype around Snapchat. Users are still loving the platform.

TikTok Growth

Hot on TikTok and Snapchat’s heals in the speed of growth stats is Reddit. We have to admit, we didn’t see that coming, but Reddit appears to be having a massive renaissance. It’s disappeared from the headlines for the last few years, but users are loving it and flocking in their droves with an extra 100 million more joining the platform regularly compared to January 2019 published figures. That’s a 23.23% overall ‘Karma’ increase, and it gets our upvote.

Instagram Growth?

Instagram … well suspiciously there doesn’t appear to have been any reported growth in Instagram numbers but we believe this may just be down to what data has been reported. If you read the small print under 2020’s chart in the We are social report it does state there has been no data for 12 months and so these figures may be unreliable. So sadly, for this annual roundup this isn’t a platform we can comment on. Lesser marketing Stat fans might extrapolate from this that perhaps the numbers and growth just were not impressive enough and so weren’t published, but that would be pure conjecture and we would never do that!

LinkedIn Growth?

Some of you might be wondering where Linkedin is in these figures? Well, that’s an interesting one. We Are Social dropped LinkedIn from the 2019 slide on social media growth. They had previously reported 303 million monthly active users in the 2019 edition of the report ( see slide 84 here) but if you read the footnote to the chart it states that for LinkedIn they have reported registered members so these numbers are not directly comparable to other platforms.

LinkedIn doesn’t publically report on Monthly Active Users ( MAU) The only comparable figure we could find in the 2020 report was from LinkedIn’s Advertising reach which was 663.3 million (see slide 136 here). Although these 2 figures would appear to be showing enormous growth, we have no way of determining how each number compares. So although we might assume growth, I wouldn’t assume we can compare and extrapolate with any degree of accuracy. It’s a shame, but until we can get some numbers to compare apples with apples we should avoid drawing conclusions. Our guess is that’s why LinkedIn was removed from the Monthly Active User data in the 2020 report ( See slide 95 here)

And this data anomaly had us thinking that maybe Comparing Advertising reach growth of the different social ad platforms might be an interesting analysis… so watch this space.

Increased Interest In Pinterest

Pinterest similarly is growing at a huge rate, adding 72 Million regular users on 2019’s published data. 22.36% growth in 12 months is clearly all pins and no needles in our book. Overall reported users are still one of the Lowest reported for Pinterest but if they carry on performing in this way they will soon overtake Twitter.

So the Winner is…

So in conclusion, The fastest growing popular social media network 2019-2020 is…. (drum roll please) ….TikTok! We would also put in honourable mentions for Snapchat, Reddit and Pinterest.

If all these channels continue their annual user growth at this level, it won’t be long before Facebook and Instagram’s dominance as the largest networks is challenged. That’s one to watch, and given these results, we will be watching!

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Gildren Bengoa, Director of Institutional Advancement
787-796-0440, Ext. 222

Gildren Bengoa’s ability to connect people with their passion has allowed her to successfully execute fundraising campaigns and special events for the past 20 years in a multicultural, multilingual environment having lived and worked in the United States, Finland, and Puerto Rico. For the past 6 years, she worked for The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society managing different fundraising campaigns in the Southern Florida & Puerto Rico markets. Gildren ensures the growth and success of development projects for TASIS Dorado by maximizing opportunities and securing financial support through individual, legacy, and corporate gifts. She describes her role as a facilitator matching the interests and needs of our organization to donors who desire to make a positive difference in our community and further serve our mission. Gildren holds a degree in International Affairs & Business from Xavier University. Her three children attended TASIS Dorado as teenagers when they moved from Finland back to Puerto Rico in 2010. Contact Gildren at

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