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Ben Margot, Associated Press
Oct. 14, 2010 — Jay Schafer, owner of Tumbleweed Tiny Houses, exits a tiny house he built for himself in Graton, Calif.

Doug Immel recently completed his custom-built dream home, sparing no expense on details like cherry-wood floors, cathedral ceilings and stained-glass windows — in just 164 square feet of living space including a loft.

The 57-year-old schoolteacher's tiny house near Providence, Rhode Island, cost $28,000 — a seventh of the median price of single-family residences in his state.

"I wanted to have an edge against career vagaries," said Immel, a former real estate appraiser. A dwelling with minimal financial burden "gives you a little attitude." He invests the money he would have spent on a mortgage and related costs in a mutual fund, halving his retirement horizon to 10 years and maybe even as soon as three. "I am infinitely happier."

Dramatic downsizing is gaining interest among Americans, gauging by increased sales of plans and ready-made homes and growing audiences for websites related to the niche. A+E Networks has begun airing "Tiny House Nation" a series on FYI that "celebrates the exploding movement."

The pared-down lifestyle allows people to minimize expenses and gain economic freedom, said architect Jay Shafer in Cotati, California, who founded two micro building and design companies and is widely credited with popularizing the trend.

"It shows people how little some need to be happy, and how simply they can live if they choose," said Shafer, 49, who shares a 500-square foot home with his wife and two young children.

Despite gains in the labor and housing markets, Americans choosing mini houses remain wary of tethering themselves to a mortgage.

People want "a more modest lifestyle now," said Derek Diedricksen, who travels nationally to lead building workshops. Those who opt for super-small structures don't want to "waste their time or be a slave to a house they don't fully use."

Defined as 500 or fewer square feet, tiny houses range from primitive 96-square-foot huts to award-winning displays of sustainable architecture with elegant streamlined design. While many are built on wheels to avoid regulations, mobility isn't the main draw.

Aldo Lavaggi, 36, can support himself as a folk musician in New York's Hudson Valley thanks to the 105-square-foot home he built on a friend's farmland in the Berkshires and has lived in since August 2012.

"There's a fallacy of limited options," he said, arguing that people don't need stellar credit, thick wallets or even a full-time job to own a house. His residence runs on a car battery and energy from two solar panels. He pockets enough cash to splurge on artisanal bread and gourmet cheeses from the local market. "I'm earning more than I spend," he said.

Even with the micro-trend, the number of tiny houses in the United States is, well, tiny — just in the thousands per unofficial industry surveys. Their popularity is growing, however, as the U.S. homeownership rate has fallen to 64.8 percent, the lowest in almost 20 years, and the median size of new single-family houses is the biggest ever — 2,384 square feet in 2013, a 3.4 percent increase from 2012.

Historically, residences under 500 square feet weren't considered "tiny." In 1950, houses averaged 983 square feet, according to data from the National Association of Home Builders. The first units in the iconic early American suburb of Levittown, New York, were 750 square feet.

When Laura LaVoie began writing and blogging about the movement in 2010, "there were only one or two tiny house blogs and now there are hundreds," she said.

She quit her Atlanta-based job as a recruiter at a staffing company, sold her 2,700 square-foot house and pursued a career as a freelance writer by building a place with her husband in the mountains of Asheville, North Carolina.

"I felt really trapped," she said. Moving to a 120 square-foot space enabled them "to live in a different way, take control of our lives."

Postings on online marketplace Tiny House Listings have increased in volume since 2011, while the site's Facebook fan count hit 182,000 on July 8, up 5,500 from the previous week. Google trends shows national interest in the search term "tiny house" surging since May.

"Since I got into the small-house game 15 years ago, every year seems like it's the biggest ever," said Shafer, who founded the Tumbleweed Tiny House Company in 1999 and started another, Four Lights, in 2012. "The need for it just becomes increasingly apparent."

Some advocates are refugees from the recent real-estate bust. Macy Miller's 2,500-square-foot Idaho home was foreclosed on in 2007, following her divorce. "I have absolutely zero interest in tying myself up with that kind of loan ever again," she wrote in an email.

In 2011, Miller literally took matters into her own hands, building a 196-square-foot timber home on a trailer in Boise, Idaho. She completed it in 18 months for $11,000 with zero debt, pays $200 a month to rent the land and shares the space with her partner, their baby and a 100-pound Great Dane named Denver.

Aspirants to the lifestyle tend to "skew female," according to Tumbleweed's web traffic, said Debby Richman, the Sonoma, California-based company's chief marketing officer.

"Tiny houses are no longer strange," she said. "They are now 'cute.' The cultural mores have changed."

The largest share of inhabitants, 23 percent, are between ages 31 and 40, according to "The Tiny Life" blog, which surveyed more than 2,600 dwellers in the U.S. Almost 90 percent said they had at least some college education and 61 percent had zero credit-card debt.

"This is the second coming of the Sears Roebuck house," said Richman, referring to the ready-to-assemble mail-order kits. Sears sold about 70,000 of these homes between 1908 and 1940, according to the company archive website.

There are several geographic hot spots, according to Richman. While it's easier to build in rural areas where zoning laws are less restrictive, Portland and Seattle have attracted builders because of their "open-mindedness," she said.

"Wherever you find expensive housing on the East Coast or the West Coast, you find a higher concentration of tiny houses because people understand the need," Shafer said.

In Washington, D.C., Boneyard Studios advocates mini homes as a solution to underutilized spaces, known as infill. The site showcases three places in a triangular alley lot, once filled by illegally parked cars. There's a communal fire pit, hot tub, outdoor oven and garden. Boneyard has a legal address, electricity and uses incinerator toilets and a rainwater- collection system with RV-like water pumps.

The homeowners, who lead tours every few weeks for approximately 50 guests, can't call these structures permanent legal residences because of zoning restrictions. To get around that, Boneyard's builders constructed the houses on wheels, making them technically travel trailers.

The codes exist to maintain standards, said Ellen McCarthy, director of the city's Office of Planning, as she praised Boneyard's "high-quality" and "environmental stewardship."

"We need some level of controls so people aren't setting up squatter camps in alleys," she said. "We're trying to recognize that people's situations require a variety of different living arrangements." The planning office recently proposed easing restrictions that could pave the way for legalizing tiny houses in backyards.

Until recently, the movement was so small-scale it flew under the radar of local, state and federal authorities. The lack of legal parameters might be the biggest barrier to growth, said LaVoie. "People feel intimidated by zones and coding," she said.

Pent-up demand will drive legislation, said Matthew Campbell, co-founder of Frontier Fortress, a Wyoming-based tiny- house company. "The laws are going to change. They will have to."

On a personal level, the psychological hurdle of parting with one's possessions restrains a large number of people from going tiny. While liberating for some, dramatic downsizing can prove too taxing on the psyche for others.

Shafer, the movement's champion, said it took him "years" to figure out how to thrive with less.

Immel, the schoolteacher who finished his home in late 2013, said he wasn't sure the lifestyle would suit him long- term. He built the house with resale in mind, "just in case."

His home, which has a façade that's 20 percent glass, doesn't feel claustrophobic, he said, and heating it through the harsh winter was next to free. With total expenses about $900 a year, including about $112 for propane and the rest for electricity, his $40,000-plus salary easily sustains him — and his savings account.

The best thing about his little house, he said, is how it gave him "complete peace of mind."


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High school sports: Wednesday's boys soccer, baseball and softball results

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  • armchairQBonthehill Salt Lake City, UT
    April 25, 2013 3:17 p.m.

    Yep and what about Ogden in soccer putting a 10 - 0 beating on Tooele and I thought a "mercy rule' was instituted last year in boys soccer once an 8-0 score was reached. Maybe they didn't get the memo . . .

  • joseywales Park City, UT
    April 25, 2013 2:27 p.m.

    Oh no Davis and Kearns. You won by too many runs. Soon johncharityspring will be on here calling you bad sports for running up the score

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BYU's first fall practice overshadowed by news of Jamaal Williams' 1-game suspension

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  • Schnee Salt Lake City, UT
    Aug. 4, 2014 4:09 p.m.

    "This quote sums up the Williams situation perfectly. "

    No, it really doesn't, and it certainly doesn't sum up 6 completely different situations perfectly either.

  • VegasUte Las Vegas, NV
    Aug. 4, 2014 3:35 p.m.

    Down under:

    "Anyone wonder if Travis Wilson will receive a one game suspension for a similar infraction?"

    While TW did have a somewhat similar infraction, it is clear from the article that it was not Jamaal's underage drinking (that everyone knows bout) alone, but that and subsequent events that got him suspended the one game. You are mixing apples and oranges.

    I am glad to see Jamaal addressing the issue head on and taking responsibility, unlike the kid from Arizona who walked away from the team rather than accept the consequences of his actions. He seems like a stand up kid and I hope he does well for your team.

    Let's let these kids live their lives now.

    Can't the season start already?!?

  • Sports Are Great Salt Lake City, UT
    Aug. 4, 2014 1:41 p.m.

    Fball fanatic,

    Where is your evidence Williams had multiple run ins with the police and where is the evidence of multiple Word of Wisdom infractions? You wouldn't make things up would you?

  • Down under Salt Lake City, UT
    Aug. 4, 2014 9:25 a.m.

    Good for William's for owning up and receiving a one game suspension with grace. Anyone wonder if Travis Wilson will receive a one game suspension for a similar infraction? I didn't think so either!!

    Laughable how two different schools established buy the same person can have such different values so many years later.
    This will be a special year for the Cougs and they are LOADED with running back talent

  • Mormon Ute Kaysville, UT
    Aug. 4, 2014 9:17 a.m.

    Where's your proof the Whitt's response was frantic and emotional? It seems like you want proof from others, but you don't follow the same standard yourself.

    Hearing Bronco state that Harvey made the decision to switch to defense, validates what was reported on Ute Zone. Ute Zone reported that prior to making his decision to switch to BYU, Harvey had contacted Ute coaches and asked to be moved to defense. So anyone trying to claim that prompted his decision to switch schools hasn't done their homework.

  • Fball Fanatic Salem, UT, UT
    Aug. 3, 2014 4:09 p.m.

    Let me see if I understand this. Jon Ryheem Peoples recently had his scholarship pulled due to "not meeting the goals" that Coach Bronco has set forth (SLT Article). Those goals included his weight, BMI and GPA in which Peoples claims he "just fell short" in each category. However, Jamal Williams has two separate run ins with the police this year and now multiple infractions pertaining to the Word of Wisdom and only faces a one game suspension? How does that make sense? Do we practice the consistency and discipline that we so freely preach? Or does it just pay dividends to be a starter and a pre-season award winning candidate? I am sensing a Get Out of Jail Free card being issued here (again).

  • Riverton Cougar Riverton, UT
    Aug. 3, 2014 9:57 a.m.

    Wow, this is the first article I think I have read all year that actually talks football. I can't wait for the season to start! I want to believe all the preseason hype, but previous years have disappointed me. That being said, I do not see how BYU's offence can not improve. Go Cougars!

  • Two For Flinching Salt Lake City, UT
    Aug. 3, 2014 12:46 a.m.

    @ Duckhunter

    We know his new mission president is a BYU booster who has a son that plays on the team; which isn't suspicious at all *wink*

  • gdog3finally West Jordan, Utah
    Aug. 2, 2014 11:04 p.m.

    @Big Samoan

    Yeah I don't think UConn is a gimme either. But I do think BYU will have a really good defense this year, one that will shut down UConn. If BYU can run the football with a lead, if that's how it works out early, then yeah I wouldn't show Texas too much of what I think BYU will throw their way the following week. I know some BYU fans want Anae to open up the playbook more, and I think he will this year in Taysom Hill's second year as a starter and evolving passer, but running the ball is great if you are effective at it, especially if you have a solid defense. Plus you take away Hill throwing too often and making mistakes.

  • gdog3finally West Jordan, Utah
    Aug. 2, 2014 10:57 p.m.

    @John Charity Spring

    You don't see Williams as as special talent? I like the kids game. He has big play potential and is a smaller back that is durable.

  • UCONN Storrs, CT
    Aug. 2, 2014 7:57 p.m.

    gdog, if UConn were in the same situation as the last three years since their Fiesta Bowl year, I'd agree wholeheartedly with your assessment. But I'd say they are an unknown at this point now with a head coaching (and nearly entire coaching staff) overhaul. While the players are not, the staff is actually pretty familiar with BYU, as the HC spent the last four years at Notre Dame, the last two as DC and went 2-0 against the Cougars, with 3 of his assistant coaches also beating BYU last year at Notre Dame and UVA. The team will definitely improve with this staff, but whether it will be right from the first game is in question. But I certainly hope they will be.

  • PAC12Fan South Jordan, UT
    Aug. 2, 2014 7:38 p.m.

    Let him play. Anywhere else there would not be a suspension. Jim McMahon would have never played.

  • Bountiful Guy Bountiful, UT
    Aug. 2, 2014 6:43 p.m.

    What troubles me is the year after year, player after player who make the same mistake, and more than once even after getting caught. If they lose the first game, all they can say is, I'm sorry. I'm glad he's sorry, but it's just tough to hear these kids tell the same old sorry story and not learn from the mistakes of others. Good luck Cougars and best wishes to Jamaal. I've lowered my expectations again another notch.

  • Duckhunter Highland, UT
    Aug. 2, 2014 5:54 p.m.

    Quote interesting that Harvey is going to play linebacker despite utah "fans" telling us he was doing it to play RB because he couldn't make it as a RB at utah. Then of course there was whittingham's "frantic and emotional" response when he was informed Harvey was leaving the sinking ship that he "wouldn't release him" because he is "a ute".

    There appear to be lots of things that utah "fans" claim to "know" that they obviously don't know at all.

    I wonder what they will "know" next. Chase Hansen is less than a year away from returning from his mission, I wonder what utah "fans" "know" about his situation?

  • Mark321 Eagle Mountain, UT
    Aug. 2, 2014 5:14 p.m.

    @ Ken

    Well said Ken. Well said.

  • utesgoingdownthehill Salt Lake City , UT
    Aug. 2, 2014 2:40 p.m.

    No a regular student wouldn't be kicked out of BYU for drinking unless the student repeats multiple time. When I was at BYU I knew few students who didn't get kicked out for drinking.

  • ManInTheMiddle SANDY, UT
    Aug. 2, 2014 2:17 p.m.

    Welcome to Provo Harvey!!!!

    runnerguy50 - my roommate had the same issue at BYU (underage alcohol arrest) - other than a few meetings with the honor code he had no consequences - accordingly Jamal's punishment is a worse punishment than my roommates.'

  • souptwins Lindon, UT
    Aug. 2, 2014 2:07 p.m.

    runnerguy-- No, not for this sort of thing. Despite what others may try to tell you, BYU tries quite hard to work with student before they get kicked out. There would be a probation sort of thing first. Good question, though.

  • JDL Magna, UT
    Aug. 2, 2014 2:06 p.m.

    Just my opinion but I thought I'd express it anyway. Words mean things and too often in a case like this, the word mistake is used in an attempt to soften the reality of the situation and side steps accountability. I prefer to use the word choice because it infers, right from the start some element of accountability for an action.

    A mistake to me is driving past an exit because I was listening intently to the Cougar call in show or forgetting to carry a number in a simple math problem or scorching the oatmeal by forgetting to turn the heat down

    A choice is drinking alcohol when knowing it violates the honor code or running a red light after you signed and received your driver license.

  • JDL Magna, UT
    Aug. 2, 2014 1:54 p.m.

    @ runnerguy50

    I will say NO, not necessarily. BYU is a wholly owned and operated institution of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day-Saints and each member, even at BYU has a bishop who the member student is accountable to. The member student and his/her bishop work together to resolve problems. Most often it is handled very quietly and personally and depending on the problem, students remorse or attitude in wanting to make things right, many things never make it to the Honor Code office and if they do, I suspect the bishop has much to do with the decision of the Honor Code office.

    In the case of non LDS student athletes, I'm not sure how the ecclesiastical thing works but in either case I would still answer your question no,not necessarily.

  • Duckhunter Highland, UT
    Aug. 2, 2014 1:15 p.m.

    Nope, I know from experience.

  • thebigsamoan Richmond, VA
    Aug. 2, 2014 12:41 p.m.

    West Jordan, Utah

    "...BYU should handle UConn regardless...Uconn is awful...I wouldn't show my offensive playbook against UConn as BYU could just toss them around."

    C'mon dude, it's precisely this kind of cockiness that makes me grimaced with pain when we end up getting embarrassed! Have you quickly forgotten the debacle at Virginia last year? There is so much parity in college football today that we should never underestimate anyone.

    As for Mr. Williams' suspension, I'm sad to hear about it but glad he's handling it well. Hope it's going to be a special season!

    Go Cougars!

  • Osgrath Provo, UT
    Aug. 2, 2014 12:26 p.m.

    The answer to RunnerGuy's question is simple: no.

  • Ken Sandy, UT
    Aug. 2, 2014 11:45 a.m.

    Even as a Utah fan, I admit I appreciate how Bronco is one of the few coaches who backs up his talk in terms of holdings kids to a high standard.

    Frankly, I wish all coaches were more like Bronco in this. The fact that other schools don't have an honor code has nothing to do with it - all program should demand a high standard for those who represent their schools and their communities.

    As a fan of the university of Utah, those kids not only represent my school, but also my state and also to a large extent the LDS church as well. I travel a lot for work and nearly every time I mention I'm from Utah, I'm eventually asked whether I'm Mormon or not. Point is, people outside of Utah associate Utah with Mormons, so in a very real sense what happens at the University of Utah will be construed(either positively or negatively by many in the country to being from Mormons.

    Every coach in the nation would say underage drinking is serious if they were asked.

    Very few back up their talk

    Hat is off to Bronco for backing it up.

  • John Charity Spring Back Home in Davis County, UT
    Aug. 2, 2014 11:40 a.m.

    I wold like to inform Mr Old But Not that I have been carefully watching, in person. There are at least three running backs who are as good, if not better than Williams. The stats are deceiving because Williams gets 90% of the carries. If any of the others got that volume of carries, they would have just as many yards. For instance, Honestly had more yards on fewer carries in the Idaho State game

    By the way, Lincoln was not talking about anarchy. He was talking about the general citizenry run amok.

  • cougala Akron, OH
    Aug. 2, 2014 10:33 a.m.

    Jamaal is already a star and shows it in more ways than on the field. Go Cougars!

  • idablu Idaho Falls, ID
    Aug. 2, 2014 10:20 a.m.

    I like the way this was handled. BYU was ready to say "one game suspension for breaking team rules," and Jamaal came out on his own to spill the beans, essentially sparing Bronco a bunch of annoying questions. Jamaal is making it clear to the public that he is owning it. My respect for him just went up a couple notches.

  • runnerguy50 Virginia Beach, Va
    Aug. 2, 2014 9:39 a.m.

    Would a regular student have been kicked out of BYU for the same infraction ?

  • Aurelius maximus Berryville, VA
    Aug. 2, 2014 9:02 a.m.

    "Williams will be back @ Texas and that might work in BYU's favor. I wouldn't show my offensive playbook against UConn as BYU could just toss them around. Texas will be looking to focus on Hill after BYU gave them the beat down last year. Williams could run wild. But beware, BYU has a history under Bronco of starting off the season slow."

    I was thinking the same thing. He will be ready to Run all over the Texans.

  • Jefe-Ute Richmond, VA
    Aug. 2, 2014 8:39 a.m.

    Too bad about Williams. Punishment is fair in my eyes. Hopefully he learns from the mistake and moves on, focuses on football and gets a chance at the NFL.

    As for Langi, that's a real shame. Real shame. With 2 projected starters out at LB, he had a real chance to make a difference in the U's defense. Utah fans can be bitter and say we don't need him, but I hate to let a player go after only 1 season, TF at that. I hope he succeeds. He could have been playing against the best of the best, and now he will be playing Savannah State.

  • cougar76 Raleigh, NC
    Aug. 2, 2014 7:49 a.m.

    Bit of a stretch putting Jamaal in the same category as the anarchists Mr. Lincoln was talking about. He is just a kid learning the lessons of life. He is blessed to have role models like his mother, his coaches and team mates to help him learn those lessons.

  • Old But Not Stupid Moorpark, CA
    Aug. 2, 2014 5:31 a.m.

    John Charity Spring
    Back Home in Davis County, UT

    I agree that he should have known that because of his celebrity any mis-step will be noted and duly reported. It was special that he self-reported his suspension to the press.

    Furthermore,yes "The team will be perfectly fine,...." But the clause "... with running backs who are just as good as Williams getting a chance to shine." makes me wonder if you've been watching these young men.

  • sammyg Springville, UT
    Aug. 2, 2014 4:49 a.m.

    That took guts. We will look forward to that Texas game and Williams return.

    And buried in the explosive headline we now know that Harvey Langi is a Cougar. Well, well, well... isn't it interesting how things come about. Three + weeks of absolute silence on the subject and here's Harvey at practice on Friday.

    Hmmm, he's not having to sit for a year? Obviously Vai had a few things correct in his story.

    "As far as I'm concerned, he's a Ute," he told me. "I'm not releasing him."

    Sorry Whit and Ute fans... as I said, in the absence of an LOI and two years later, he's fair game. No loophole here.

    Welcome Harvey!

  • UCONN Storrs, CT
    Aug. 2, 2014 3:38 a.m.

    Bummer. Good player and I hoped to see him play live this year in Hartford. However, a little relieved the Huskies have one less problem to worry about in their uphill battle to restore the football program.

    Good luck, Cougs. Go Huskies and Go Utes!

  • gdog3finally West Jordan, Utah
    Aug. 2, 2014 2:41 a.m.

    Moving on, Jamaal Williams seems to me from the outside looking in to be a good fit in Provo, and not just on the field either. He looks like he fits in down south in Provo to me and brings diversity to the school. So this is unfortunate for him a little, but the one game suspension will pass and BYU should handle UConn regardless. The team has to be more than Jamaal Williams if they are going to run the table this year.

    Uconn is awful. Williams will be back @ Texas and that might work in BYU's favor. I wouldn't show my offensive playbook against UConn as BYU could just toss them around. Texas will be looking to focus on Hill after BYU gave them the beat down last year. Williams could run wild. But beware, BYU has a history under Bronco of starting off the season slow.

    Utah beat BYU with Jon White IV missing the rivalry game his senior year and Jon Hayes starting at QB. Thus BYU should handle the lowly Huskies. I took my shot and made myself a target. Are there any duck hunters nearby? I better take cover.

  • gdog3finally West Jordan, Utah
    Aug. 2, 2014 2:26 a.m.

    A universities self interests are always the focus for criticism in dealing with players in trouble. BYU has often escaped this criticism when in the past profile players HAVE paid an obvious cost for a mistake or sin despite the obvious on field loss to the team because of BYU's suspended player. Although to me, there have also been some curious decisions over the last 35 years but I won't venture there.

    What we do see in college sports as a whole though, is universities often going light on penalty in favor of their subjective interests. How often do we hear that "the university is handling things internally" comment? For BYU this makes sense. The honor code is an internal thing. But then again, BYU does turn things over to law enforcement when laws are broken outside of moral type honer code situations that aren't an illegal type matter. But for other schools that deal with laws being broken by turning away from that societal call for action/penalty and in opposition just say "we are handling it internally" is like telling the bank robbers accusers that Mom will handle Billy at home instead.

  • gdog3finally West Jordan, Utah
    Aug. 2, 2014 2:12 a.m.

    I said it the other day, these things are going to happen with people (young and old). One could and will compare or give their opinion on what BYU does in comparison to other universities when dealing with these situations. But casting stones at a player or making a judgment there is something I don't condone.

    We all know BYU has the honor code and things work different at BYU. I am okay with that. What gets my attention is the honor code office and how similar situations vary in penalty. It's not an issue to me how BYU once handled these things and how they do now because I can get over the changes in time with the turnover of university presidents, new head coaches, and new attitudes towards problems in time and place. But although there are individual spiritual considerations, it's hard to look at the vast differences in so called punishment from student to student and player to player and put great stock into the honor code decision makers. Bronco seems to have changed a little (more lenient), or his voice has more weight in communication with the honor code office.

  • poyman Lincoln City, OR
    Aug. 2, 2014 12:48 a.m.

    I love Williams... I love his openness, and I love his candor (not to mention the unbelievable talent that this guy has on the field... In 2 years he will be playing on Sunday, mark it down)... Most of all however, I love how objective he his...

    They say that the measure of the worth of a man is not the fact that he has been knocked down, but if and how he picks himself up and continues on... This guy is a leader, I see it in everything he says and in how his fellow players react to him...

    I hate the fact that he won't be playing in that first game, I wish it wasn't the case almost as much as I am sure he wishes... But I can tell this is going to be a very special season for Williams... He has skill and he has class, a wicked combination, and because of that I am certain that I will be following the Football news on him long after he leaves Cougarville.

  • John Charity Spring Back Home in Davis County, UT
    Aug. 1, 2014 10:41 p.m.

    Some will say that the suspension of Williams is unjustified. But as Abraham Lincoln famously stated, "Whenever the vicious portion of the population shall be permitted to gather in bands of hundreds and thousands, and burn churches, ravage and rob provision stores, throw printing presses into rivers, shoot editors, and hang and burn obnoxious persons at pleasure, and with impunity; depend on it, this government cannot last."

    This quote sums up the Williams situation perfectly. BYU cannot allow flagrant honor code violations to go unpunished. The team will be perfectly fine, with running backs who are just as good as Williams getting a chance to shine.

    Aug. 1, 2014 10:36 p.m.

    We all make mistakes and have to pay the price of those mistakes either now or later. Jamaal seems to have a great attitude and hopefully he can keep his promise that it will never happen again. Good luck to him!

    Go Cougars

  • Uncle festis Pasadena, CA
    Aug. 1, 2014 10:30 p.m.

    Gunther from 1320kfan said that jamal williams is one of the best athletes on the planet, Gunther has now found his way to the unlistenable category of sports radio along with David james and David Locke.

  • BYUalum South Jordan, UT
    Aug. 1, 2014 10:24 p.m.

    BYU is always a class act in handling these situations. They care more about the development of these young men as future husbands, fathers, and leaders in the community one day after football is all over than anything else. I am sure Williams will mature and grow through this experience. This had to be a really tough call by Bronco!

    Go Cougars!


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The Cribs plan homecoming gig

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The Cribs have announced a massive homecoming show in Leeds’ Millennium Square.

Styled as a mini-festival, the event on July 22 will also see former Sonic Youth frontman Thurston Moore perform, as well as Leeds bands Pulled Apart By Horses and Menace Beach.

A statement on the Wakefield band’s Facebook page read: “Over the last couple of years, whenever someone asked us when we would be playing in Leeds again, we always said that we were saving something special for our hometown show.

“The idea that we kept coming back to, was to curate and stage our own mini-festival, with bands and artists that we love, and put it in the centre of Leeds in the open air.

“The 4-band line-up is something that we are really excited about.”

The band have dubbed the performance “the Cribs show to end all Cribs shows.” It’s been three years in the making, and finally everything has come together.”

“A summer’s night out under the stars in our favourite town, with our favourite artists, and hopefully all of our favourite people (you guys, of course).

“Come and feel the love.”Formed in Wakefield the band have released six studio albums, the last of which For All My Sisters, was released last year to critical acclaim.

It will be the first time the band has performed its own show in Leeds since the album’s tiny launch party at the Brudenell Social Club in March last year. They also played last year’s Leeds Festival.

Tickets are expected to go on sale on Wednesday.


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The Edge of Evolution

Buy at Amazon

When Michael J. Behe’s first book, Darwin’s Black Box, was published in 1996, it launched the intelligent design movement. Critics howled, yet hundreds of thousands of readers and a growing number of scientists were intrigued by Behe’s claim that Darwinism could not explain the complex machinery of the cell. Now, in his long-awaited follow-up, Behe presents far more than a challenge to Darwinism: He presents the evidence of the genetics revolution, the first direct evidence of nature’s mutational pathways to radically redefine the debate about Darwinism.

How much of life does Darwin’s theory explain? Most scientists believe it accounts for everything from the machinery of the cell to the history of life on earth. Darwin’s ideas have been applied to law, culture, and politics.

But Darwin’s theory has been proven only in one sense: There is little question that all species on earth descended from a common ancestor. Overwhelming anatomical, genetic, and fossil evidence exists for that claim. But the crucial question remains: How did it happen? Darwin’s proposed mechanism- random mutation and natural selection- has been accepted largely as a matter of faith and deduction or, at best, circumstantial evidence. Only now, thanks to genetics, does science allow us to seek direct evidence. The genomes of many organisms have been sequenced, and the machinery of the cell has been analyzed in great detail. The evolutionary responses of microorganisms to antibiotics and humans to parasitic infections have been traced over tens of thousands of generations.

As a result, for the first time in history Darwin’s theory can be rigorously evaluated. The results are shocking. Although it can explain marginal changes in evolutionary history, random mutation and natural selection explain very little of the basic machinery of life. The “edge” of evolution, a line that defines the border between random and nonrandom mutation, lies very far from where Darwin pointed. Behe argues convincingly that most of the mutations that have defined the history of life on earth have been nonrandom.

Although it will be controversial and stunning, this finding actually fits a general pattern discovered by other branches of sciences in recent decades: The universe as a whole was fine-tuned for life. From physics to cosmology to chemistry to biology , life on earth stands revealed as depending upon an endless series of unlikely events. The clear conclusion: The universe was designed for life.

Additional information


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IPL Photo Facial

The appearance of freckles can be the result of sun exposures and simple genetics. Thus, they are difficult to get rid of. Fortunately, our Intense Pulse Light treatment resolves this issue with minimal discomfort and beautiful results.

Our treatment does not only reduce freckles, but is also a great solution to many different skin issues such as sunspots, uneven skin tones, rosacea, spider veins and age spots.

IPL PHOTO FACIAL comes with many benefits without the downsides of other treatments such as a face lift. It has almost no downtime, which means no blisters, burns or long recovery periods. Thus, patrons who have undergone an IPL Photo facial can go back to their normal lives after they are done with it.

The reason the treatment is able to achieve this is because it has the ability to penetrate deep within the skin without targeting the outer layers. It stimulates the production of collagen and therefore advances the rejuvenate skin cells. This non-invasive surfacing technology is precisely controlled so that even the most sensitive skin is treated with great care and attention.

Do you have any more questions about IPL PHOTO FACIAL? Schedule a free consultation to clarify all your doubts.

If you already made a decision, book your appointment today!

Sun Spots

Chronic exposure to sun can cause these brown and red lesions, which make your skin look older. IPL procedure reduces their tone to make them look even with the rest of your skin and thus, hide them.

Many people are not happy with these natural color patches; especially when they appear in large quantities. IPL procedure can remove them quickly, in around 30 or 90 minutes, depending on the area to perform.

Rosacea is a prevalent skin disease that causes redness, swelling or flushing of the skin. With IPL treatment, our highly-skilled professionals can resolve this issue, so you no longer have to cover your skin condition with cosmetics.


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Joining AIM

A field guide for applicants to AIM, a market of the London Stock Exchange

Corporate Update

AIM, a market of the London Stock Exchange, is the world’s premier market for smaller growing companies. AIM serves as a mechanism for companies seeking access to capital to realise their growth and innovation potential. It plays a vital role in the funding environment for small and medium-sized enterprises as they develop their businesses. Since its launch in 1995, AIM has helped over 3,500 companies raise over £90 billion through new and further capital raisings.

DLA Piper is one of the leading legal advisers to AIM companies. The purpose of this guide is to provide an overview of the IPO process and to deal with some of the questions most frequently asked by companies contemplating admission to AIM.


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Fairy Dress and Wings Pattern

'Elf and safety' have given us the all clear to bring you this amazing fairy dress pattern and make all your dreams come true!

Enjoy the simplicity of sewing a gorgeous fairy dress to fit Dolly.

Finished fairy dress features an in-built, full bodied net tutu, amazing sparkly glitter felt wings and tinker-bells on her skirt to add a musical touch to the most magical of outfits.

Fully customise your doll by selecting different fabrics and colours to your taste and palette.

Pattern features:

  • Full pattern pieces that fit onto a4 paper with no joining required!
  • Dolly Pattern's famous step by step instructions in easy to follow checklist format
  • Fabric suggestions
  • Cutting list
  • Email support

NB: This pattern fits Dolly. If you've not made her yet, a starter bundle is available that includes the Fairy costume pattern and the pattern to make Dolly. All our other Patterns will fit her perfectly!


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Title: Little Tiny Level
Filename: levels/doom2/Ports/j-l/littletl.zip
Size: 45.67 KB
Date: 04/20/07
Author: D Link
Description: Originally going to be the first of a set of 4 or 5 story-driven maps, but I didn't have anywhere to go after this one. I know it's short, I know its pretty dull, but I just wanted to get something out and let people know my style. I didn't rush it out, however, so at least know that I did put my all into it.
Credits: ID Games, for creating the best game ever.
Base: New from scratch
Build time: About a week
Editor(s) used: DOOM Builder
Bugs: None that I know, but since it was designed for JDoom, the lighting may be a little too dark for ZDoom, even though it still works fine.
Rating: (14 votes)
Download here

Download mirrors: /idgames protocol:

View littletl.txt
This page was created in 0.00401 seconds


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The Carefree Black Girl Cookout Hits Brooklyn

The Carefree Black girl cookout will be held in Brooklyn, NY on Saturday, June 10th at Prospect Park beginning at 2 pm. Spearheaded by Savannah born and NY-embedd Quanna, the cookout began as a way for women of color to come together and fellowship in a safe space.

Stemming from the hashtag #carefreeblackgirl, the movement was created to build a stronger line of communication amongst like minds. In a world against minority women, the #carefreeblackgirl cookout seeks outs solutions for the issues faced by women of color.

The #carefreeblackgirl cookout is sponsored by Curls, Broke2dope, Creative Era, Indie Creative Network, Sammi's Goodies, and Izzy the Goddess. The cookout will include a braid bar, eyelash bar, and sensual meditation. The #carefreeblackgirl cookout has already visited Brooklyn, Savannah, and Atlanta with dates to visit Philadelphia and Charlotte to be announced.

What: #Carefreeblackgirl cookout

When: Saturday, June 10th

Where: Prospect Park, Brooklyn NY
Time 3pm

RSVP available on Eventbrite


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Subscribe to lpcbsa
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Los Padres CouncilPrivacy Policy

 BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA has created this privacy statement in order to demonstrate our firm commitment to privacy. The following discloses our information gathering and dissemination practices for the following websites: www.scoutingfriends.org, www.scoutingfriends.com, www.bsafinance.org, & www.fsd.org.
The sites contain links to other sites. BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA is not responsible for the privacy practices or the content of such Web sites. We encourage our users to be aware when they leave our sites and to read the privacy statements of each and every web sites that collects personally identifiable information. This privacy statement applies solely to information collected on the sites.

General Information Collection and Use
BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA is the sole owner of the information collected on the sites. We will not sell, share, or rent this information to others in ways different from what is disclosed in this statement. We collect information from our users at several different points on our website.

Log Files
We use IP addresses to help analyze trends, administer the sites, track user's movement, and gather broad demographic information for aggregate use. IP addresses are not linked to personally identifiable information.

The sites use "cookies". A "cookie" is a piece of data stored on the user's hard drive containing information about the user. For instance, by setting a cookie on our sites, the user would not have to log in a password more than once, thereby saving time while on our sites. If a user rejects the cookie, they may still use our sites. The only drawback to this is that the user will be unable to access or use some areas of our sites.  Cookies can also enable us to track and target the interests of our users to enhance the experience on our sites.

Various Registrations
In order to receive certain updates or use certain features of the sites, a user may have to first complete a re-connection form. During re-connection a user is required to give their contact information (such as name and email address). This information is used to contact the user about the services on our sites for which they have expressed interest. If asked for, it is optional for a user to provide demographic information (such as income level and gender), and unique identifiers (such as social security number), but encouraged so we can provide a more personalized experience on our sites.

Re-Connection does not constitue registration with the Boy Scouts of America as a member or leader. For details on how to become a registered member or leader, contact your local Boy Scout Service Center.

If a user wishes to subscribe to our newsletter, we ask for contact information such as name, address and email address.

Online Message Boards / Chat Rooms
Any information you provide on the sites on message boards or chat rooms, whether personally identifiable or not, will be available to all visitors of the message boards or chat rooms.

Orders / Donations
Our sites use an order form for users to request information, products, services and to make donations. We collect visitor's contact information (like their email address) and financial information (like their account or credit card numbers if needed). Contact information from the order form is used to send information about our organization to our visitors. The visitor's contact information is also used to get in touch with the visitor when necessary and to process orders, donations, Users may opt-out of receiving future mailings; see the choice/opt-out section below.

Our online surveys ask visitors for contact information (like their email or mailing address). We use contact data from our surveys to send the user information about BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA and its activities. Users may opt-out of receiving future mailings; see the choice/opt-out section below. Other data collected by online surveys is used to educate BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA about the interests and concerns of its supporters and general sites visitors concerning BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA 's  mission. This information is not shared with other organizations, except as set forth in the Sharing section of the policy.

Contact Lists
BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA operates email discussion, and contact lists to reach its members who request such information. Such services are run both by BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA and contracted vendors. These email addresses whether housed on BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA servers or those of our third-party contractor are not shared with any other organization, except as set forth in the Sharing section of this policy, and users may opt out of participating or receiving email information from BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA at any time. Instructions for opting out are contained within each email sent as well as on our sites help page.

We will share aggregated demographic information with our partners and advertisers. This is not linked to any personal information that can identify any individual person.
We use an outside shipping company to ship orders, and a credit card processing company to bill users for goods and services. These companies do not retain, share, store or use personally identifiable information for any secondary purposes. We partner with third parties to provide specific services. When the user signs up for these services, we will share names, or other contact information that is necessary for the third party to provide these services.  In asditional, we may allow third parties providing technological services, information technology services, auditing services or other services to us to have access to the information on our servers. None of these parties are allowed to use personally identifiable information except for the purpose of providing the service for which they were hired.

If a user elects to use our referral service for informing a friend about our sites, we ask them for the friend's name and email address. BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA will automatically send the friend a one-time email inviting them to visit the sites. BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA stores this information for the sole purpose of sending this one-time email. The friend may contact BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA at don.day@scouting.org to request the removal of this information from their database.

The sites has security measures in place to protect the loss, misuse and alteration of the information under our control. This includes a firewall and 24 hour monitoring of sites activities by our hosting service provider as well as 128-bit SSL encryption (where allowable by law) on all transaction oriented operations between you and BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA via our transaction service provider.
While we use SSL encryption to protect sensitive information online, we also do everything in our power to protect user-information off-line. All of our users' information, not just the sensitive information mentioned above, is restricted in our offices. Only employees who need the information to perform a specific job (for example, our billing clerk or a customer service representative) are granted access to personally identifiable information. Our employees must use password-protected screen-savers when they leave their desk. When they return, they must re-enter their password to re-gain access to your information. Furthermore, ALL employees are kept up-to-date on our security and privacy practices. Every quarter, as well as any time new policies are added, our employees are notified and/or reminded about the importance we place on privacy, and what they can do to ensure our customers ' information is protected. Finally, the servers that we store personally identifiable information on are kept in a secure environment, behind a locked cage.

Because we care about the safety and privacy of children online, we comply with the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998 (COPPA). COPPA and its accompanying FTC regulation establish United States federal law that protects the privacy of children using the Internet. We do not knowingly collect contact or personal information from children under 13. Our Sites are not intended to solicit information of any kind from children under 13, and we have designed our Sites to block our knowing acceptance of information from children under 13 whenever age related information is requested.

It is possible that by fraud or deception by others we may receive information given to us or pertaining to children under 13. If we are notified of this, as soon as we verify the information, we will immediately obtain parental consent or otherwise delete the information from our servers. If you want to notify us of our receipt of information by children under 13, please do so by e-mailing us at don.day@scouting.org.

Correction/Updating Personal Information
If a user's personally identifiable information changes (such as your zip code), or if a user no longer desires our service, we will endeavor to provide a way to correct, update or remove that user's personal data provided to us. This can usually be done at the member information page or by emailing our Customer Support at don.day@scouting.org

Our Sites provide users the opportunity to opt-out of receiving communications from us and our partners at the point where we request information about the visitor.
The sites give users the following options for removing their information from our database to not receive future communications or to no longer receive our service.
You can send email to don.day@scouting.org

Contacting the Web sites
If you have any questions about this privacy statement, the practices of the sites or your dealings with this website, you can contact don.day@scouting.org

Send mail to the following postal address:
1325 West Walnut Hill Lane
Irving, TX

Notification of Changes
If we decide to change our privacy policy, we will post those changes here so our users are always aware of what information we collect, how we use it, and under what circumstances, if any, we disclose it. If at any point we decide to use personally identifiable information in a manner different from that stated at the time it was collected, we will notify users by way of an email. Users will have a choice as to whether or not we may use their information in this different manner. We will use information in accordance with the privacy policy under which the information was collected.


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fantastic Straps Beads Working Deep V-Neck Blue Organza Satin Tea Length Prom Gowns / Dresses/ Cocktail Gowns / Dresses

The dress arrived perfectly and in good time. Im very satisfied with the options this dress provides and the quality of the construction.

By Eartha November 11, 2014

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2017 A Line Ethereal Ordinary Tulle Satin Strapless Witching Knee Length Homecoming Gowns / Dresses

I am very happy with this purchase. The quality is very nice! And the price is very reasonable. I highly recommend this website as they're reliable and trustworthy. I will totally order again. Thank you so much for the excellent customer service and wonderful product.

By Bakur October 18, 2011

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The Enhanced Road Assessment

key with car in backgroundThe new year will bring changes to how drivers are re-examined to insure that they are safe to continue to drive. Current DriveABLE testing will be replaced by an Enhanced Road Assessment (ERA) that will be administered by ICBC at no cost. The ERA has been developed by RoadSafetyBC after surveying driver re-testing in other jurisdictions and is aimed at providing greater transparency for participants.

DriveABLE has been providing both computer based and in car testing under contract with the province to identify cognitively impaired drivers. That contract expires at the end of February 2018 and will not be renewed. Effective at the beginning of January 2018, referrals for re-examination will be made for the ERA rather than DriveABLE.

The ERA is designed as an assessment which provides RoadSafetyBC with comprehensive information, rather than a road test that is either passed or failed. It will be conducted by ICBC Driver Examiners in the participant's own vehicle at the ICBC location nearest to their home. There will be no computer based testing.

Some of the most common reasons for an ERA are:

  • A doctor reports a medical condition that may affect a person’s fitness or ability to drive safely
  • Results of a previous on-road assessment suggest a follow-up is necessary
  • A collision report, police report or other report indicates a driver may be unable or unsure how to handle a common driving situation

The duration of the ERA will be approximately 90 minutes in total. It will consist of a pre-test check of the participant and their vehicle, two periods of driving totaling 45 minutes, a five minute break for feedback between driving sessions and a post-trip review.

Drivers will be asked to complete basic driving maneuvers, show that they can properly adjust and use vehicle controls, follow multi-step directions and reverse a driving route. To reverse a route, drivers will be asked to drive a few blocks from a location and then return to the starting point following that same route in reverse.

Depending on the outcome of the ERA, the driver will either return their driver's license or retain it and issue a learner's drivers's licence (LDL).

The issue of an LDL will result when a driver commits a traffic violation or takes a dangerous action during the ERA. Having an LDL now means that the driver will need a supervisor in order to drive. That supervisor must be age 25 or older and hold a valid driver's licence.

Only in rare cases will the driver's licence be cancelled at the end of an ERA.

The results of the ERA will be forwarded to RoadSafetyBC by ICBC where it will be considered along with all the other information in the driver's file. The result will be a final decision on whether to maintain, re-issue or cancel the driver's licence. That decision will be explained to the driver, in writing, by RoadSafetyBC.

RoadSafetyBC may consider imposing restrictions on a driver's licence. The restrictions are to insure that the driver can safely operate their vehicle within their ability.

Suggestions in preparation for an ERA include honest self assessment, constructive criticism from family or a friend, reading both Learn to Drive Smart and Tuning Up for Drivers, as well as taking a refesher with a driving school.

If a driver decides not to take the ERA, they may retire from driving by exchanging their driver's licence for a British Columbia Identification Card (BCID).

Reference Links:

What if...

What if a driver does not own a vehicle? Will a vehicle be supplied? Or do they have to get a suitable vehicle for the testing?

My best guess?

It's always been expected by whoever is the licensing authority at the time, that a license applicant would provide the vehicle, for any class of license, and this was the case from long before ICBC became that licensing authority. Generally speaking, a family car, Driving School car, or vehicle provided by a prospective employer (read the fine print if it's a rental vehicle as it may be refused).

In the case of the ERA, although it's a RSBC initiative and designed to replace the DriveABLE model, they're using ICBC Driver Examiners based out of ICBC offices - and so they don't have any cars available for this purpose, to the best of my knowledge.

I doubt this will be an issue - few seniors who don't actually own a vehicle have the motivation to maintain their driver license, I would have thought; if they need BCID they can get it for free by handing over their driver license.

Some things change, some not so much?

From the news about this Enhanced Road Assessment that I've been following, a couple of things stand out.

For one thing, although the assessment (like 'evaluation', a term that manages to avoid using the Pass/Fail determination) will be conducted by an ICBC Driver Examiner, the end result will be completed by another party - probably some expert from RSBC in Victoria who is conversant with the design of the ERA and how to determine the appropriate outcome.

This is the same kind of process that DriveABLE use, so no essential difference there, except that (unless they're totally dangerous to themselves and other road users) the Applicant will get to leave with some kind of valid driver license in their pocket - however long they may get to keep it.

Notably, though, should the Applicant commit a Dangerous Action or Traffic Violation (examining terminology that has long been used by our licensing authorities) then the license they leave with will be a Class 5 Learner License, subject to the inherent conditions and restrictions - notably, the requirement that they be accompanied when behind the wheel by a suitably licensed driver in the front passenger seat; so the smart thing to do if you don't want to use a tow truck to get your vehicle home would be to have a suitable friend or relative along with you.

As for the terminology? Basically, a Dangerous Action has occurred either when the DE takes control - verbal or physical or another road user takes evasive action to prevent a collision.

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If you do not have access to a computer, please let us know and a paper copy of the initial paperwork will be sent to you. Thank you for visiting our site. We look forward to meeting you in person and hope to help you become an even better you!

Call our San Jose office and schedule an appointment today!

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Online Forms | Dr. Jessica Paige


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Ways of God

Forgotten Shepherd Becomes King

“Brothers and sisters, think of what you were when you were called. Not many of you were wise by human standards; not many were influential; not many were of noble birth. But God chose the foolish things of the world to shame the wise; God chose the weak things of the world to shame the strong. God chose the lowly things of this world and the despised things—and the things that are not—to nullify the things that are, so that no one may boast before him.” (1 Corinthians 1:26-29)

These verses from the Bible were true in the life of King David. David, the youngest son of a man named Jesse from Bethlehem, became the greatest king of all time. Humanly speaking, he was not a likely candidate.

He was just a boy, considered useless by his father and brothers. His three oldest brothers were serving the king, and his other brothers also might have been doing important jobs. David probably wasn’t even at home very often because he was busy taking care of his father’s sheep.

David had nothing in himself. He did not possess anything according to the world. When God told Samuel to anoint David, He reminded the prophet that he should not consider the appearance, charm or height of a person. “The LORD does not look at the things people look at,” God told Samuel. “People look at the outward appearance, but the LORD looks at the heart.” (See 1 Samuel 16:7)

Usually it is the highly educated, intelligent, good-looking people that are chosen for high positions in the world. Everyone depends on this kind of people to accomplish anything. But God’s choice is always different from ours. He considers spiritual beauty and character.

The Apostle Paul said that there was no goodness in himself, but everything he had was by God’s grace. He counted all his possessions, accomplishments and talents as garbage.

God’s plan is opposite of our human mindset. According to man’s thinking, David was just a common man with no more talent or qualities than the rest of us. But he had a heart which was dear to God. When God chooses people to fulfill His plans, He never checks their appearance. He looks at their heart.

God Sees Your Heart

Your strengths, family background, education or finances do not matter to God. When He assigns you to do something, He is concerned about the state of your heart and your relationship with Him.

You could be a fisherman, auto rickshaw driver, painter, laborer or caretaker in a kindergarten. But whatever you do, regardless of your status in life, God can bless you when your heart is pure before Him.

The first verse of Psalm 23 clearly shows the condition of David’s heart. It says, “The LORD is my shepherd, I lack nothing.”

When David looked after his father’s sheep at an early age, he took responsibility for his work. He loved his father’s sheep more than his own life. And David believed that he was also a sheep of the Great Shepherd, the Lord Almighty. The Lord takes care of His sheep like the apple of His eye, and He provides whatever they need.

“Lord, I am a sheep in Your herd; You are my shepherd. I surrender my life to your hands. I will live for you.” This was David’s decision.

God’s thoughts toward us are good. In your workplace, in your home, in your relationship with your wife and children, in every part of your life, God thinks about your wellbeing.

In our flesh, we depend on our own ability and say, “Let me do it. I am the best.” If we think this and do not depend on the grace of God, then God’s will cannot be fulfilled in our life. But if, like David, you say, “Lord, I am nothing. I don’t have anything,” and surrender yourself to the Lord, then He will do wonders through you.

  1. Very much encouraging

  2. What comforting words to rely and trust on the Lord as our Shepherd.

  3. It is so encouraging, simple yet so divine. Keep on meditating become easy to belive Him as Closest Shephered.

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En español

2016-2020 NIDA Strategic Plan

Objective 4.1: Determine the impact of drug use and addiction on individuals, families, peers, and society

The effects of drug use, including nicotine, affect not just the individual but also his or her family, friends, and peers. Families and friends can be negatively impacted by drug use not just from the stress of seeing a loved one suffer through addiction but also through financial impacts. SUDs commonly affect the structure of a family because of divorce or the need to fill different roles to compensate for neglect of responsibilities by the drug user.61 There is also an increased risk for interpersonal violence and child abuse and neglect (both physical and emotional), and these factors can lead to diminished attachments to parents and others, impaired self-regulation and problem-solving, decreased development of prosocial attitudes and behaviors, and impairment of healthy development. Indeed, parental drug use can have profound effects on children, from direct effects of using drugs while pregnant (e.g., neonatal abstinence syndrome) to impacts on perceptions of normative behaviors. Children of parents who abuse drugs have a greater risk for SUDs, depression, exposure to violence, and other health outcomes.112

Drug use, including tobacco, also has significant effects on society, including public health outcomes related to chronic disease (cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD]) and the spread of infectious diseases (HIV and HCV)8,10; public safety hazards such as crime, violence, and drugged driving62; and a large economic burden associated with increased health care costs, lost productivity, and criminal justice costs.3 Understanding these consequences and the factors that influence their expression is critical for developing effective prevention, treatment, and mitigation strategies; for guiding development of laws and policies related to drug use; and for targeting limited resources to the efforts that will have the most potent effects.

  • Determine the impact of drug use and SUDs on public health outcomes
  • Clarify the impact of drug use and addiction on families and peers
  • Measure the societal costs associated with drug use and addiction

Studying Why People Use Tobacco to Inform Public Policy

Over the last several decades, dramatic changes in attitudes and behaviors have resulted in significant declines in cigarette use. Still, smoking continues to be the leading cause of preventable disease, disability, and death with nearly half a million people dying each year in the United States.4 In 2011, NIDA and NIH began collaborating with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Tobacco Products to develop the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study.

The PATH Study is a household-based, nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study of nearly 46,000 adults and youth in the United States. Interviewers are meeting with each person once a year for at least 3 years. The study will provide comprehensive data on tobacco use behaviors, including patterns of use, attitudes, beliefs, exposures, and related health outcomes among the U.S. population. Data collection began in September 2013 and will continue into 2016. These data will help inform FDA’s regulatory decisions and actions to further reduce tobacco-related death and disease in the future.


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Serving leading biopharmaceutical companies globally:

Argus Health
Johnson and Johnson
Harvard Business School
Express Scripts
Daiichi Sankyo

Generated: February 25, 2018

DrugPatentWatch Database Preview

Claims for Patent: 7,291,324

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Summary for Patent: 7,291,324
Title:Method of bowel cleansing
Abstract:Stimulant laxative in combination with an osmotic laxative produces safe and effective bowel and colon cleansing with a reduced volume of liquid input. Administering to a patient an oral stimulant laxative, such as bisacodyl, followed, after a biologically determined interval, by a reduced volume of a PEG in water solution cleanses the bowels and colon in preparation for diagnostic colonoscopy, without the profuse uncontrollable diarrhea that typically follows either ingestion of large volume isotonic ravages, or smaller volume hypertonic lavages.
Inventor(s): Dennett, Jr.; Edmund V. (Walpole, MA), Raleigh, Jr.; Robert M. (Braintree, MA), Cleveland; Mark V B. (Duxbury, MA), Pelham; Russell W. (Duxbury, MA)
Assignee: Braintree Laboratories Inc. (Braintree, MA)
Application Number:10/277,620
Patent Claims: 1. A method for cleansing bowels and colon of a mammal, the method consisting essentially of: a) orally administering to the mammal from about 5 mg to about 40 mg of bisacodyl; b) waiting until the bisacodyl produces a bowel movement, the bowel movement occurring within 6 hours; c) orally administering to the mammal from about 50 g to about 400 g of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in from about 1.5 L to about 2.5 L of an isotonic solution following the bowel movement; and d) thereafter allowing the mammal to evacuate the bowels and colon; e) the method optionally including the further step of administering a clear liquid to the mammal after administration of the bisacodyl; whereby the colon is adequately cleansed to permit diagnostic testing or surgery.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount of the isotonic solution is about 2 L.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount of bisacodyl is from about 10 mg to about 20 mg.

4. The method of claim 1, whereby preparation time of the bowels and colon and adverse symptoms in the mammal are diminished.

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diverticula of colon

Definition: diverticula, which are herniations of mucosa and submucosa through or between fibers of the major muscle layer (muscularis propria) of the colon. Usually multiple, it occurs in 50% of western populations older than age 70 years, but is much less common in other populations. Can cause bleeding and episodes of severe inflammation.

Synonym(s): colonic diverticula

Disclaimer: This site is designed to offer information for general educational purposes only. The health information furnished on this site and the interactive responses are not intended to be professional advice and are not intended to replace personal consultation with a qualified physician, pharmacist, or other healthcare professional. You must always seek the advice of a professional for questions related to a disease, disease symptoms, and appropriate therapeutic treatments.
© Copyright 2018 Wolters Kluwer. All Rights Reserved. Review Date: Sep 19, 2016.


text:
This patch makes the module_enable and module_disable function more robust.

This patch replaces _module_build_dependencies as that implementation was a little awkward in calculating only a two levels deep list of dependencies. And it makes building the graph impossible by adding all levels dependencies instead of one level needed to build a graph.

Unit tests are included for all new functions and for enabling and disabling modules.

module_enable and module_disable have now a guard to calculate all dependant modules based on the list of given modules.

In order to accomplish this a graph is build based on de modules installed. From this graph a Topological Sorted List (TSL for short) is generated.

Functional the frontend aka admin/build/modules should use the following to list all 'depends on' and 'required by' modules.

$depends_on = module_get_tsl( $module, TRUE);
$required_by_dependencies = module_get_tsl( $module, FALSE);

Note that the frontend will not break by this patch. The lists are now only smaller. But module_enable and module_disable don't care any more.

Futhermore this patch renders drush_mm module obsolete and provides probably a solution for #211182: Updates run in unpredictable order by giving a TSL for updating.

Applying this test makes #310617: Tests for obsolete.

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RobLoach’s picture

"This patch"?

webchick’s picture

Status: Needs review » Needs work

I don't think most normal humans know what tsl is. module_get_tsl() should probably be named like module_get_dependencies()

And yes. There is no patch.

clemens.tolboom’s picture

25.08 KB

Patch attached.

@webchick: there is a difference between dependencies and tsl which is supposed to be sorted ... but I agree that the name is not 'nice'.

clemens.tolboom’s picture

Status: Needs work » Needs review
clemens.tolboom’s picture

Status: Needs review » Needs work

Abstract from a talk with chx@irc

  1. the current implementation of _module_build_dependencies does build the whole dependency. My trouble with it is that a graph cannot be calculated from that. So I typed it wrong :-(
  2. white spaces ... arghh ... now I learned to use coder-6.x on a d7 file :-)
  3. in order to get the result you have to reset DFS?
  4. Use dfs instead of df
  5. Use isset instead of key_exists!
  6. Can't you split the module into normal page request and module admin? Say a or something?
  7. And maybe a With graph and tls or better named drupal_depth_first_search and a drupal_topological_sort
clemens.tolboom’s picture

This is my progress so far. In case somebody thinks I'm not on it ;-)

What I did was adding which contains classes. Don't be scared ... it looks great for this purpose to me. And they can now be used for other purposes.

Furthermore I put all 'extra' functions into but I didn't want to move to much into it yet. If this patch is running fine I want to change the admin/build/modules form into using the TSL functionality then add hand.

There is one problem aka TODO in which includes the file hard coded. Somehow my unit tests fails to run without it :-(

I also got rid of the DFS algorithm and that nasty 'give me the list now' function call.

clemens.tolboom’s picture

Status: Needs work » Needs review
clemens.tolboom’s picture

Assigned: Unassigned » clemens.tolboom
Status: Needs review » Needs work

My idea for making a class library was a mistake due to enthusiasm. I missed the point chx had about these drupal_depth_first_search and a drupal_topological_sort functions. So I have to rewrite my classes into these functions.

My problem is chx is writing a patch too. So I hope to get some feedback :-) See also #314287: Refactor module dependency checking

Dave Reid’s picture

My problem with this patch is that it goes against the core principle of keeping lightweight and simple. You're introducing new files and APIs that are not likely to be reused, seeing how no one else has really chimed in here. If you can prove and justify that additions here would have a worthwhile benefit to Drupal as a core, I'd be more supportive, but it seems like #314287: Refactor module dependency checking is in a better direction and won't use a huge pot to cook a little meal. (sorry for the bad analogy)

chx’s picture

I am so sorry you went off without showing people what you are doing :( you have written a lot of code but alas you are adding code to an area which already suffers from a lot of code. I began working on this and the first results is -- see how easy it is to fill out the dependencies part with the help of a little graph code? I will submit this properly along with more issues.

clemens.tolboom’s picture

Status: Needs work » Postponed

@Dave Reid
Thanks for the feedback. You are probably right that this patch has no 'benefits' and 'reuse' explanation. My original patch was about and a lot of tests only :-)

I followed #5 where chx suggested to split the patch into and I did. In the proces I made 24 test on my code and introduced a class :-(

That same week I learned chx was doing a DFS too assuming this patch was dead. See #10.

clemens.tolboom’s picture

I put this patch on hold due to the fact that chx is working on it too on a higher level. Ie fixing modules/system/ and I like his 'graph with data' and documentation.

But I do have comments though on chx current patch from a library function perspective and it's implementation. I shall post it here for now.

Note that a Tree (=Menu?) extends DirectedGraph extends Graph

  1. : Is the form now still in control? There is no safeguard in module_enable / module_disable which is why my patch came into existance.
  2. : There are now new keys 'depends_on' and 'required_by' which are better names. But do we need these?
  3. There is a implicit cycle check in _drupal_depth_first_search(). I would prefer an explicit check for a cycle as I did in my patch Graph::isCircularMember(). I see the usefullness for _module_build_dependencies() though.
  4. I miss something like Graph::getParticipants()
  5. : _drupal_depth_first_search does not have to be recursive. See my DirectedGraph:getTSL()
  6. I really would like to have generic Graph and Tree into drupal core. So if we could make more general that would be nice. My classes do have addLinks, getParticipants, isCircular, reversedGraph etc ... but maybe Dave Reid is right and no others are in need of these?

I hope that chx submits his patch soon. Then maybe we could (re)use my tests for a start.

@chx : please notify me when your patch is ready. Then I can hopefully add some useful feedback on it :-)

Damien Tournoud’s picture

@clemens: implementing a TLS or a forward/backward route finder is something like 10 lines of code. We *really* don't need three classes and 20 helper methods for that.

Drupal is a CMS / Web development framework, do we really need a full-featured graph theory library for this? Probably not. Can you list some use cases stronger that "it would be nice to have"?

Plus, if we need it, there is probably a good library somewhere in the PHP world, we may not need to reimplement this from scratch.

clemens.tolboom’s picture

Status: Postponed » Closed (won't fix)

I think #314287: Refactor module dependency checking will do a better job. My patch is lacking checks for missing dependencies. In drush_mm there is a pre check for missing module *before* calling module_enable / module_disable with a TSL.


text:
I have a problem when I use this character in a taxonomy term : '

This character, when I put the taxonomy term token in the node title is translated by '

For example, the taxonomy term L'auberge is translated by L'auberge in my node title.

I don't have problem with others stpecial characters, and I test all available token (formated, raw...).

Can you help me ?

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vstmusic’s picture

Please, no idea ?

fago’s picture

Status: Active » Postponed (maintainer needs more info)

For me both characters look equal?

Witch’s picture

I have problems mit the "&" chars in taxonomy terms + autonodetitle. It will display a ""&"

Can you look into it?

kiamlaluno’s picture

Title: Stange translation of a spacial character in the title ! » Strange translation of a spacial character in the title
Status: Postponed (maintainer needs more info) » Active

I guess the OP meant the character is replaced by an HTML entity. As he wrote the code without escaping the HTML entity, it was shown from the input format as normal character.

Isn't this caused by the tokens that are passed to check_plain()?

Witch’s picture

Oh sorry, "&" appears as &

How can i check this, kiam?

fago’s picture

Category: bug » support
Status: Active » Fixed

As noted in the description text, you should use raw tokens. If the token is raw, the characters are displayed correctly (= check_plained() once).

Status: Fixed » Closed (fixed)

Automatically closed -- issue fixed for 2 weeks with no activity.

Nchase’s picture

Status: Closed (fixed) » Active

reopening it.
What if there are no -raw values available, like for example tokens coming from locations? Is this tean a token issue or a locations issue?

kiamlaluno’s picture

Status: Active » Closed (fixed)

Is this tean a token issue or a locations issue?

It is an issue of the module that provide the extra tokens without to provide a raw version.

johnv’s picture

Title: Strange translation of a spacial character in the title » Strange translation of a special character in the title
Version: 6.x-1.2 » master
Status: Closed (fixed) » Active

I have the same problem as #3, with a simple PlainText field in Drupal 7. Only "&" and "'" give a problem, all other accents like "ø" are fine. Since it concerns a core field type, should I request a raw-token over there?

johnv’s picture

Version: master » 7.x-1.x-dev

wrong version.

johnv’s picture

Status: Active » Closed (won't fix)

For future reference, I have solved it like this:
My field 'field_name' = 'foo&bar'.
Using token [node:field-name], the result is 'foo&ampbar'. (a straight text field does not have alternative tokens.)
The correct value appears when setting
- 'Evaluate PHP in pattern.' = Yes
- 'Pattern for the title' = return $node->field_name[$node->language][0]['value'];

Yuri’s picture

#12 not working for me. The ' and & still show as ' and &amp.
I'm using a clean install of Drupal 7.8
Can anyone verify this? Thanks

By the way, 'raw' tokens don't exist any more in the latest Token module for Drupal 7, so that's not a solution.
Hope this issue gets resolved soon, makes this module useless for me.

andrew@oscailte.org’s picture

Drupal 7.8
Automatic Nodetitles 7.x-1.0
Token 7.x-1.0-beta6

I was having this same problem on a plain textfield value with names like O'Brien
They were auto-titling as O'Brien

I tried #12 and it worked for me.

GaëlG’s picture

Status: Closed (won't fix) » Active

#12 is not so good. For reference fields for instance, it needs a lot of PHP code to check for array index existence, to load referenced node to get title,... As there is no raw tokens in D7, it makes tokens unusable for non-english languages, which makes the module pretty useless for people with no PHP skills. I don't really know if this is fixable, and if it should be fixed in Token or in this module, but I reopen this to get at least an answer.

tusharbodke’s picture

Hi All,
Need help. Where and how to implement the solution provide at #12?
OR some alternative for references module

Thanks in advanced for your help.

ZeiP’s picture

Status: Active » Needs review
1.05 KB

I got this ”fixed” by using the callback functionality of token_replace() to clean the entities, as suggested on token_replace() API entry (”For example, a module using tokens in a text-only email might provide a callback to strip HTML entities from token values before they are inserted into the final text.”). Patch attached, hope it works for others too.

Ivanhoe123’s picture

#12 worked for me with apostrophes and ampersand characters

blattmann’s picture

The patch in #18 does not seem to work for ampersands or apostrophes for me.

cangeceiro’s picture

1.19 KB

the patch in #17 didnt work for me, here is a revision of that patch that did resolve the issue for me

jenlampton’s picture

Status: Needs review » Reviewed & tested by the community
1.19 KB

This patch works great for me, re-roll only removes whitespace errors.

My use case was this:
1) I had some taxonomy terms with apostrophes and ampersands in them.
2) I had set up a content type that used the taxonomy term name in the node title.

Before the patch, the ampersands and apostrophes were converted to HTML entities when creating node titles.
Now, after this patch, the node titles are plain text, as expected.

Thanks @cangeceiro and @ZeiP

jenlampton’s picture

Category: support » bug

Oh, I also think this was a bug in the original design.

bisonbleu’s picture

Patch in #21 works for me.

I had problem applying it. The second part (hunk) of the patch kept failing. I removed it and was able to apply patch (hunk #1). I then manually applied the second part of the patch (one line). Node title was showing a '. After applying patch, it is now replaced by a proper apostrophe. Thanks!

Andrew_Mallis’s picture

Status: Reviewed & tested by the community » Needs review

Patch did not work for me. It suddenly throws the following error (which populates the title field):

( ! ) Parse error: syntax error, unexpected T_CONSTANT_ENCAPSED_STRING in /var/www/ttm/sites/all/modules/contrib/auto_nodetitle/auto_nodetitle.module(221) : eval()'d code on line 3Call Stack#TimeMemoryFunctionLocation10.0001732496{main}( )../index.php:02

It might be my code. I'm staring at it, but am getting googly eyes at this point:

  $subject = '[node:field_lecture_subject]';
  //$subject = $node->field_lecture_subject[$node->language][0]['value'];
  $number  = 'missing-lecture-number'; // set a default
  $number  = '[node:field_lecture_number]';

  if(empty($subject)) {
    return("lecture #" . $number );
  else {
sjohnson’s picture

jenlampton — your patch worked for me; thank you!

cafuego’s picture

The patch in #21 resolves the problem, but the file paths in the patch are relative to a Drupal root and not the module dir. Attached patch fixes the file paths only so I'm flipping it to RTBC.

cafuego’s picture

Status: Needs review » Reviewed & tested by the community

Argh, bump status.

venutip’s picture

Just for good measure: I ran the patch in #26 against 7.x-1.0 (not the dev version) and can confirm that it solved the apostrophe problem.

vinmassaro’s picture

The patch in #26 failed when applying to 7.x-1.x HEAD. I've rerolled it and given ZeiP attribution since he was the first one to post the original patch. I'll leave it at RTBC since it's just a reroll, and it applies cleanly now to 7.x-1.x:

vm-mbp:tmp vincentmassaro$ git clone --branch 7.x-1.x http://git.drupal.org/project/auto_nodetitle.git
Cloning into 'auto_nodetitle'...
remote: Counting objects: 287, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (151/151), done.
remote: Total 287 (delta 165), reused 223 (delta 130)
Receiving objects: 100% (287/287), 58.65 KiB | 0 bytes/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (165/165), done.
Checking connectivity... done
vm-mbp:tmp vincentmassaro$ cd auto_nodetitle
vm-mbp:auto_nodetitle vincentmassaro$ git am ~/Desktop/auto_nodetitle-dont_double_escape_titles-565922-29.patch
Applying: Decode entities (patch from https://drupal.org/node/565922#comment-7792773)
fterrier’s picture

Issue summary: View changes

Patch in #29 worked for me.

mlncn’s picture

The seven month bump. This patch works great to prevent quotation marks in a text field from being double-escaped and printed as HTML entities in the title. In production for us, adapted slightly for the latest stable release, 7.x-1.0. Can we get it committed?

mvc’s picture

worked for me as well. i remember having to apply a similar patch in D6 for this module, too :/

stephesk8s’s picture

Patch #29 worked for me. Thank you.

botris’s picture

Priority: Normal » Major

Confirming that patch #29

berliner’s picture

Confirming that patch in #29 fixes the problem.

Can we expect to have this in the stable release anytime soon? This issue is pretty old and RTBC since 2 years now.

berliner’s picture

Anyone looking for a patch that applies to 1.0-stable see attached.

esteinborn’s picture

Confirming Patch #29 works to remedy the problem.

Tessa Bakker’s picture

Status: Reviewed & tested by the community » Needs work

html_entities_decode() in the patch is not UTF-8 proof. It should use decode_entities().

cafuego’s picture

Status: Needs work » Needs review
1.04 KB

Updated patch, now using Drupals decode_entities() which wraps an UTF8 safe html_entity_decode() call.

SpadXIII’s picture

Patch looks alright, but I'd rather see the token module fully respect the sanitize-flag.

For field-values, the sanitize-flag is completely ignored. :(

Tessa Bakker’s picture

achap’s picture

Patch at #39 worked for me for stable 7.x-1.0 version. Probably goes without saying but you need to re-save any content with mangled htmlentities for the changes to take effect.


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