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For $489K, a charming Indian Village colonial with patio and pergola

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The four-bed, 3,129-square-foot home was built in 1921

Photos courtesy of the Winans Homes

Sometimes a home has everything one could want. This Indian Village brick colonial, designed by the Detroit firm of Herman and Simons in 1921, is just such a house.

At four bedrooms, three bathrooms, and 3,129 square feet, the home is great for a big family. It’s also got an open kitchen design, two-car garage, third-floor family room, and nice historic details throughout.

Our favorite feature, however, is the outdoor patio and lounge area with vine-covered pergola. A flagstone walkway leads to an ample yard with a fire pit.

It also looks to be in great condition—the realtor says that the house has been fully restored. Lots of features are updated or new including the main staircase, bathrooms, fireplace, windows, crown molding, and more.

2460 Seminole Street in Indian Village can be yours for $489,000.


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Reggie Bush to Detroit?

UPDATE: – Source retracted ! – We jumped the gun. Unofficial as of 10:05 EST –

It was reported that the deal had been completed, however that source has now retracted and it is unsure as to if the Lions have indeed closed the deal with Reggie Bush. We will update as soon as more information becomes available.

Update: 10:13 am EST –

Reggie Bush just left in white limo for a physical. We’ll keep you posted. It is expected that the deal will be announced once physical is complete.

Update 1:19pm EST –

The Detroit Lions have announced a 1:45 ET press conference.

The Detroit Lions have delivered. Reggie Bush is a Detroit Lion – Signed to a reported 4 year deal. Terms of the deal are forthcoming. Fans around Detroit waited on bated breath as the open of free agency came and went – with only a few moves by the Detroit Lions, most of which were expected. While other teams moved in on some of the bigger named free agents on the Lions Roster (Cherilus, Avril, *Delmas (*reportedly), all was quiet on the Lions front.

This morning however, began with the news that a three year deal is expected to come down for Lions DB Chris Houston (*Signed this morning, 5 years 25 mil) and that limos were rolling into the Lions facility – first out of the pack, team leader Matthew Stafford, next up, Miami running back Reggie Bush.

While the twitterverse erupted with everything from calls of white smoke pouring from the Lions facility signaling the second coming of Barry Sanders, to pleads for the Lions not to screw this up, Lions management were no doubt watching a little Glengarry Glen Ross, preparing to make the hard sell to Bush and Safety Glover Quin.

Bush brings to the Lions the burst of speed that they were hoping to get from Jahvid Best. Bush may not have the olympic top speed that Jahvid brought to the table, but he does bring experience and a proven ability to be a consistent 1000 yard rusher, something the Lions have lacked since the departure of Barry Sanders. The Lions glimpsed 1000 yards with Kevin Jones and Kevin Smith, but they were merely flashes in the pan.

With a bolstered and restructured offensive line, a dynamic running back duo and a healthy receiving core, Matthew Stafford has every opportunity to show the fans of Detroit exactly why he deserves the paycheck he collects every week.

Here is a little of what the Lions can expect to see every week in 2013. It’s okay, you can get excited now.

  1. Good deal at least our running game should be much better since Barry Sanders abruptly retired we have’nt had a single 1,000 yard Rusher since.

  2. this is bullshit,they should have waited to see if ed reed is gona be relesed,and spent the money ware we realy need it!!

  3. Bush just left the facility for a physical – expected the official announcement will be made after physical

  4. As much as I want the Lions to sign Bush, now I’m kind of hoping they don’t…just so this BS post is exposed for what it is. Too bad. Pretty good reputation up to this morning.

  5. I love that people say that those of us who aren’t drinking the kool-aid from the Lions are “haters.” I have been a Lions fan even through the really bad stuff. I just don’t think Bush will be the piece to the puzzle that is needed. A more solid O-Line (Jake Long is out there) and secondary help is what the Lions really need. Bush, if he were smart, would have gone to a team that needed someone to push them over the edge to a Superbowl.

  6. good we definitely needed a good halfback! we need some more wide receivers to take the pressure off Johnson

  7. Just clicked on the dsn link to the full story and now it says ‘source retracted’ Dont blow your credibility by reporting something until it’s offical. Until it’s offical it’s just rumor and rumors can’t be “breaking news”

  8. We ran with a poor report by Adam Schefter, he pulled his report and now we are waiting. Nothing has been officially announced. The article has been updated. Contract has been offered and he is at physical, I apologize for jumping the gun. ~JB

  9. hope reggie brings us some of his usc magic. i remember when almost everyone thought he was the no. 1 overall draft pick. he could be just what the doctor ordered for the lions offense. hope you’re right robert

  10. This means we will be looking for another running back by game 8. I hope I am wrong, but history says…anyway, GO LIONS!

  11. It’s a 4 year deal. Probably should get the facts right if you are going to report something. Just saying. 4 years, 16 Mill, 4 Mill guaranteed.

  12. Welcome to the party Shane. The whole article was wrong at the time, can’t edit a Facebook post – but thanks.

Comments are closed.

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Does Gender Inequality Start at Home?

The gender gap, which refers to the differences between women and men in a variety of areas such as salaries, career opportunities, and healthcare, has been well documented for many years. There is even a difference in the price of consumer goods and services, known as the “pink tax.” And the disparities aren’t just in the workplace and the marketplace. Many women with full-time jobs and challenging careers still find themselves carrying a disproportionate amount of the workload at home. And now, recent studies show that gender inequality may apply to the kids in the home as well.

While parents and educators have started to prioritize the need to encourage and support educational equity for female students in fields like science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM), evidence suggests that parents may be subconsciously enforcing gender biases in the home that lay the groundwork for the wage gap and gender inequality later in adulthood.

Girls’ Chores vs. Boys’ Chores

For most parents, assigning chores and distributing allowances is simply a matter of getting the kids to help out around the house, learn about responsibility and accountability, and establish the value of a good work ethic. But according to some studies, the family unit can unwittingly operate as a microcosm of society at large, where certain tasks and chores are viewed as “girls’ work” vs. “boys’ work.” According to a study by UNICEF, girls around the world spend as much as 40 percent more time on household chores than boys.

And while it might not seem like a big deal to ask your daughter to wash the dishes and help out with the laundry while your son helps to cut the lawn or does more “masculine,” and perhaps less time-consuming, chores like taking out the garbage, the disparities in the distribution of labor and expectations can have long-term effects. Factors like earning more allowance, spending less time on chores than girls, and being asked to do less (if any) of the unpaid work in a household may establish patterns of inequality between boys and girls. And this inequality may seem normal for both the boys and the girls.

The good news is that parents can take proactive steps to help build a more equitable and fair distribution of labor at home that may help break gendered patterns and expectations.

How to Avoid Reinforcing Gender Inequality

One of the problems with gender bias is that it is often subtle and unconscious. One of the best ways for parents to determine whether they are unintentionally promoting bias and gender disparities between children is to regularly evaluate the distribution of chores and rewards around the home and rotate chores so that everyone contributes equally:

  • Create a rotating schedule of weekly or monthly chores that the children perform and contribute to equally
  • Eliminate categories based on “female” or “male” chores
  • Establish the idea of equal pay for equal work by making allowances equitable
  • Assign chores in specific increments of time so that everyone puts in the same amount of work regardless of how long a specific chore might take
  • Offer feedback and encourage the girls to speak up when they feel there is an unfair distribution of labor or an issue with a task, and to ask for more responsibility and challenges

Have you observed the effects of early gender biases in young children firsthand, or have tips or suggestions for how to make the distribution of chores and allowance more equitable for boys and girls? Please share your thoughts, experiences, and suggestions in the comments section.

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Email and Spam Control

Our servers use MailScanner" to manage and process emails.

Without getting into too many details, MailScanner can determine and filter out emails that are spam or contain viruses. Sometimes you might need to see if an email is stuck in our MailScanner and manage what happens to it, and more. We offer full control to our customers from within cPanel.

Access MailScanner Controls and Reports

After logging into cPanel select the MailScanner link:

Please open a support ticket if you don't remember your cPanel login details

MailScanner Login

MailScanner Dashboard

You can change some email settings as well as navigate to take more control of your emails.

MailScanner Dashboard

MailScanner settings. Please dont change these settings unless you are sure what they do.

Change Individual Domain Settings

  • Spam Scanning = Default:Yes (If you change this to No, MailScanner will not scan your emails).
  • Virus Scanning = Default:Yes (Scans for phishing attempts and scans file attachments).
  • Deliver Cleaned Emails = Default:NO
  • Low Scoring Spam = Default:Deliver
  • High Scoring Spam = Default:Delete

Advanced Mail Control

Click the "MailControl" button top left:

After entering into the MailControl section you will immediately see all emails sent to your domain that have been labelled as "Low Spam", "High Spam", "Infected" or "Blacklisted".

Click the "Menu" button

After clicking the MailControl Menu see screenshot above, you will have options to search emails labelled by MailScanner and review statistics. Emails labelled as "Low Spam" are delivered to your mail program for management. Emails labelled as "High Spam" are not delivered to your email program. "High Spam" emails are held in quarantine for 2 weeks. "High Spam" emails can be released or you can whitelist an email to ensure future delivery.

If you suspect you are not receiving an email with an attachment you can search for all emails with attachments to see if it was incorrectly blocked.

Email Details and Quarantine Release

While looking at the MailControl dashboard and email summary, you will notice there is an icon to the left of each email. Click this icon to see why the email was labelled as High Spam or Infected and to release it.

MailControl Email Details

Scroll to the bottom of the following page where you will have options to release or resend your email.

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Advanced Tutorials

Voxel meshes and templates, when to use each

Crayta provides several tools to help you build large and interesting worlds for your games.

One of the most powerful features provided is the ability to use voxels in various sizes and materials for terrain, structures, objects, etc. At the same time Crayta allows you to organize parts of your scene as reusable components called templates. Templates can be easily duplicated multiple times, and any changes made to the original will automatically propagate to all instances.

In this tutorial we will explore how to use voxel meshes and templates and when to use each.

In Unity doing world building involves using polygon assets called meshes/models that get placed in the scene to assemble a world. Quite often a terrain surface is used in addition, painted using a number of brushes to help you create realistic worlds.

There isn’t any notion of voxel building in Unity so usually a large number of assets have to be prepared in advance for all parts of the scene to be put together in the Unity editor. The only thing that might resemble Crayta voxel building is the ProBuilder Unity extension that can do part of the scene polygon modelling inside the Unity editor.

Crayta templates on the other hand are very much like Unity prefabs.

Voxel Mesh

Voxel building in Crayta involves adding and editing voxel meshes. Voxel meshes are groups of voxels that contain from a handful (e.g. a simple rock) to millions of voxels (e.g. a complex structure).

When creating a new project a voxel mesh is automatically added, containing a simple terrain surface to start building on.

The voxel mesh is saved to a voxel mesh asset, that can be found in the Library under the Voxel Meshes category. You can create multiple voxel meshes from a single voxel mesh asset simply by dragging and dropping it in your world:

Editing any of these terrain surfaces using the voxel tools will result in changes rendering in all terrain surfaces. This initially can be confusing, the reason is simply because all the terrain surfaces reference the same voxel mesh asset. So any change to that voxel mesh asset is being saved to that asset and in turn updates all voxel meshes referencing that asset.

You can change that behaviour for any voxel mesh by clicking the Create a unique copy of this asset button in the voxel mesh entity properties. That will create a new voxel mesh asset from this voxel mesh and assign it to it. From there and on any change on this voxel mesh will update the new voxel mesh asset created.

From the Library -> Voxel Meshes window you can also create new voxel mesh assets to be used to spawn voxel meshes in the world.

Templates in Crayta is a powerful system that allows you to create reusable groups of entities that can be easily spawned anywhere in your world. At the same time retaining a link to the original template allowing you to make changes at any point to your template and have the changes propagate automatically to all the template instances.

A template can contain any kind of entities and components. You can use it for several things:

  • Collectables
  • Repeating structures
  • User template
  • Player templates
  • Effects etc.

You can easily create a new template by using an entity that already exists in your world. Select it and then click Template -> Create New Template…

This will create a new Template with this entity at the root of the template. From there you can easily add children entities, components etc.

You may spawn instances of a template by using the Library → Templates window and drag/drop your selected templates into the world. Spawned entities will show the full hierarchy of the template in the World Tree editor window and will contain a toolbar with the following template actions:

  • Edit template, will open this template for editing.
  • Copy to template, any changes made to this instance with this button will be saved back to the template and propagate to all template instances.
  • Break template link, this will severe the connection to the template and make this entity a normal World entity. You can do further changes to the entity without having the template override anything.

Voxel Meshes and Templates

Voxel meshes should be used when doing world building and you require parts of your world to be reused. Parts that don’t require any special functionality like scripting or lighting etc.

When those parts require additional components to be added and spawned on each instance a template should be used. Voxel meshes can be added to template entities much like any other component (script, sound, effect etc).

The only thing requiring special attention regarding voxel meshes in templates is the use of the Break template link button. This will break the link to the template, allowing the entity to be edited further without affecting the template. This holds true for all changes except editing voxel meshes attached to this entity or to its children.

This happens because, as we stated above, voxel meshes always reference voxel mesh assets. Breaking the link to a template will keep a reference to the same voxel mesh asset used by the template. So editing the voxel mesh on an entity that has broken the template link will have the, potentially undesirable, effect of editing the voxel mesh asset referenced by the voxel meshes in the template instances.

To stop this behavior, the solution is simple using the Create a unique copy of this asset button on those voxel meshes to create new voxel mesh assets that aren’t referenced by this template.


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Setting Up Development Environment
High-Level Systems
UUSL (Unified UNIGINE Shader Language)
File Formats
Rebuilding the Engine and Tools
Double Precision Coordinates
Core Library
Engine Classes
Node-Related Classes
Rendering-Related Classes
Physics-Related Classes
Bounds-Related Classes
GUI-Related Classes
Controls-Related Classes
Pathfinding-Related Classes
Utility Classes
This version of documentation is OUTDATED! Please switch to the latest one.

Launcher Structure

Launcher files are stored in the data/launcher folder, which includes the following:

  • Configuration file launcher.xml
  • Interface files
  • Logic files

The interface and the logic are described by using HTML, CSS, JavaScript and UnigineScript.

Launcher Configuration File

The default configuration file stores the following options of the Launcher:

Source code(XML)
		<title>UNIGINE Application Launcher</title>
	<interface src="data/launcher/launcher.html"/>

The window section defines the following window options:

  • width - window width in pixels.
  • height - window height in pixels.
  • centered - whether the window is center-aligned. Set 1 to make the window center-aligned; otherwise, set 0.
  • sizeable - whether the window is resizable. Set 1 to make the window resizable; otherwise, set 0.
  • moveable - whether the window is movable. Set 1 to make the window movable; otherwise, set 0.
  • frame - whether the window frame is rendered. Set 1 to render the window frame; otherwise, set 0.
  • icon - path to the application icon.
    Path to the icon file is relative to the bin folder.
  • title - the window title.

The arguments section stores a list of the internal launcher options. These options are available via JavaScript and UnigineScript. The number of the options is not limited. For example, here can be specified external definitions, external plugins, a sound application and so on.

The arguments specified in this section can be obtained on the as follows:

Source code(UnigineScript)
string defines = browser.getArgument("defines");

The interface section specifies a path to the interface file relative to the bin folder.

The script section specifies a path to the UnigineScript .cpp file that contains logic of the launcher. The path is specified relative to the bin folder.

Launcher Interface

The interface of the GUI launcher is described by using the data/launcher/launcher.html and data/launcher/style.css files.

By default, the GUI launcher includes the form with a list of elements associated with the application options, such as rendering API, window resolution that are set by user. Each element is described inside the div tag

The form also contains the Run button that is used to launch the application with specified options.

Launcher Logic

The logic of the GUI launcher is described by using the JavaScript and UnigineScript languages. The source code of the default launcher is available in the following files:

  • launcher.html that contains the JavaScript code placed in the script section.
  • launcher.h that contains implementation of the Launcher class with getter and setter methods for the application options provided via the launcher form.
  • launcher.cpp that describes logic of initialization and shut down of an instance of the Launcher class, provides an interface for calling its setter and getter methods and also runs the application when the Run button is pressed.

The pipeline of interaction of the launcher interface and logic is the following:

  1. The launcher init() function defined on the UnigineScript side is called. The new launcher instance with initial settings is created and the GUI launcher window is opened.
  2. When changing a value of one of the elements via the launcher window, the corresponding JavaScript callback is run. For example, if you change the API element, the required function will be called as follows (passed as value of the onchange attribute):
    Source code(XML)

    		<select name="api"  id="api" onchange="setVideoApp(this.options[this.selectedIndex].value)">
    			<option value="auto"		>Auto-detection</option>
    			<option value="direct3d11"	>DirectX 11</option>
    			<option value="opengl"		>OpenGL</option>
  3. The JavaScript callback, in turn, calls the required function of the launcher defined on the UnigineScript side.
    JavaScript has no direct access to the UnigineScript class instances and its methods: it can call only simple functions via one of the functions.
    For example, when you change the API element, the JavaScript callback calls the UnigineScript function that sets the video application as follows:
    Source code
    function setVideoApp(value) {"setVideoApp",value); }
  4. When all the required options are set, the Run button is pressed. It initiates the following process:
    1. On the HTML side, the JavaScript callback is run (passed as value of the onclick attribute):
      Source code(XML)

      	<button class="common" style="float:right; width: 268px; margin-left: 1px;" onclick="run(); return false;">Run</button>
    2. On the JavaScript side, the UnigineScript run() function is called:
      Source code
      function run() {"run"); }
    3. On the UnigineScript side, the run() function launches the application (see launcher.cpp):
      Source code(UnigineScript)
      void run() {

It is also possible to call functions defined on the JavaScript side from UnigineScript by using one of functions.

System Options

System information, such as an operating system name and version, can be obtained not only via JavaScript and UnigineScript by using the corresponding Browser functions. There are also a set of placeholders available for the HTML part of the launcher. If you add such placeholder to the launcher.html page, it will be replaced with the corresponding value when the launcher is run.

  • $width - the screen width. It corresponds to the getWidth() function.
  • $height - the screen height. It corresponds to the getHeight() function.
  • $data - the path to a directory where persistent application data can be stored. It corresponds to the getData().
  • $home - system location of the user directory. It corresponds to the getHome().
  • $temp - a path to a directory where temporary files are stored. It corresponds to the getTemp().
  • $desktop - a path to the user's desktop directory. It corresponds to the getDesktop().
  • $download - a path to a directory for user's downloaded files. It corresponds to the getDownload().
  • $documents - a path to a directory that contains user document files. It corresponds to the getDocuments().
  • $directory - current directory. It corresponds to the getDirectory() function.
  • $platform - operating system name. It corresponds to the getPlatform() function.
  • $version - the version of the operating system (only for Windows). It corresponds to the getVersion() function.
  • $arch - operating system bit rate. It corresponds to the getArch() function.

These placeholders can be used, for example, to hide or show the elements on the launcher form depending on the operating system or the system architecture.

Setter and Getter Methods

As it was described above, when changing values of the options available via the launcher, the JavaScript functions call the corresponding setter and getter methods defined on the UnigineScript side.

Such methods are implemented in the Launcher class (see launcher.h) on the UnigineScript side. However, JavaScript has no direct access to an instance of this class and its methods: it can call only simple functions. So, the launcher.cpp provides an interface for calling these setter and getter methods from the JavaScript side, which is implemented by using templates.

These templates are used to generate the simple functions, which, in turn, call setter and getter methods of the launcher.
Source code(UnigineScript)
template launcher_parameter<PARAMETER,TYPE> {
	void set ## PARAMETER(TYPE value) { launcher.set ## PARAMETER(TYPE(value)); }
	TYPE get ## PARAMETER() { return launcher.get ## PARAMETER(); }
template launcher_parameter_bool<PARAMETER> {
	void set ## PARAMETER(int value) { launcher.set ## PARAMETER(value); }
	int get ## PARAMETER() { return ## PARAMETER(); }

template launcher_parameter_simple_bool<PARAMETER> {
	void set ## PARAMETER() { launcher.set ## PARAMETER(); }
	int is ## PARAMETER() { return ## PARAMETER(); }

For example, to generate the setVideoApp() and getVideoApp() functions, the following is specified:

Source code(UnigineScript)
This will generate the following code:
Source code(UnigineScript)
void setVideoApp(string value) { launcher.setVideoApp(string(value)); }
string getVideoApp() { return launcher.getVideoApp(); }
Last update: 2017-07-03
Build: ()


text:
Protocol Buffer Basics: Python

This tutorial provides a basic Python programmer's introduction to working with protocol buffers. By walking through creating a simple example application, it shows you how to

  • Define message formats in a .proto file.
  • Use the protocol buffer compiler.
  • Use the Python protocol buffer API to write and read messages.

This isn't a comprehensive guide to using protocol buffers in Python. For more detailed reference information, see the Protocol Buffer Language Guide (proto2), the Protocol Buffer Language Guide (proto3), the Python API Reference, the Python Generated Code Guide, and the Encoding Reference.

Why Use Protocol Buffers?

The example we're going to use is a very simple "address book" application that can read and write people's contact details to and from a file. Each person in the address book has a name, an ID, an email address, and a contact phone number.

How do you serialize and retrieve structured data like this? There are a few ways to solve this problem:

  • Use Python pickling. This is the default approach since it's built into the language, but it doesn't deal well with schema evolution, and also doesn't work very well if you need to share data with applications written in C++ or Java.
  • You can invent an ad-hoc way to encode the data items into a single string – such as encoding 4 ints as "12:3:-23:67". This is a simple and flexible approach, although it does require writing one-off encoding and parsing code, and the parsing imposes a small run-time cost. This works best for encoding very simple data.
  • Serialize the data to XML. This approach can be very attractive since XML is (sort of) human readable and there are binding libraries for lots of languages. This can be a good choice if you want to share data with other applications/projects. However, XML is notoriously space intensive, and encoding/decoding it can impose a huge performance penalty on applications. Also, navigating an XML DOM tree is considerably more complicated than navigating simple fields in a class normally would be.

Protocol buffers are the flexible, efficient, automated solution to solve exactly this problem. With protocol buffers, you write a .proto description of the data structure you wish to store. From that, the protocol buffer compiler creates a class that implements automatic encoding and parsing of the protocol buffer data with an efficient binary format. The generated class provides getters and setters for the fields that make up a protocol buffer and takes care of the details of reading and writing the protocol buffer as a unit. Importantly, the protocol buffer format supports the idea of extending the format over time in such a way that the code can still read data encoded with the old format.

Where to Find the Example Code

The example code is included in the source code package, under the "examples" directory. Download it here.

Defining Your Protocol Format

To create your address book application, you'll need to start with a .proto file. The definitions in a .proto file are simple: you add a message for each data structure you want to serialize, then specify a name and a type for each field in the message. Here is the .proto file that defines your messages, addressbook.proto.

syntax = "proto2";

package tutorial;

message Person {
  optional string name = 1;
  optional int32 id = 2;
  optional string email = 3;

  enum PhoneType {
    MOBILE = 0;
    HOME = 1;
    WORK = 2;

  message PhoneNumber {
    optional string number = 1;
    optional PhoneType type = 2 [default = HOME];

  repeated PhoneNumber phones = 4;

message AddressBook {
  repeated Person people = 1;

As you can see, the syntax is similar to C++ or Java. Let's go through each part of the file and see what it does.

The .proto file starts with a package declaration, which helps to prevent naming conflicts between different projects. In Python, packages are normally determined by directory structure, so the package you define in your .proto file will have no effect on the generated code. However, you should still declare one to avoid name collisions in the Protocol Buffers name space as well as in non-Python languages.

Next, you have your message definitions. A message is just an aggregate containing a set of typed fields. Many standard simple data types are available as field types, including bool, int32, float, double, and string. You can also add further structure to your messages by using other message types as field types – in the above example the Person message contains PhoneNumber messages, while the AddressBook message contains Person messages. You can even define message types nested inside other messages – as you can see, the PhoneNumber type is defined inside Person. You can also define enum types if you want one of your fields to have one of a predefined list of values – here you want to specify that a phone number can be one of the following phone types: MOBILE, HOME, or WORK.

The " = 1", " = 2" markers on each element identify the unique "tag" that field uses in the binary encoding. Tag numbers 1-15 require one less byte to encode than higher numbers, so as an optimization you can decide to use those tags for the commonly used or repeated elements, leaving tags 16 and higher for less-commonly used optional elements. Each element in a repeated field requires re-encoding the tag number, so repeated fields are particularly good candidates for this optimization.

Each field must be annotated with one of the following modifiers:

  • optional: the field may or may not be set. If an optional field value isn't set, a default value is used. For simple types, you can specify your own default value, as we've done for the phone number type in the example. Otherwise, a system default is used: zero for numeric types, the empty string for strings, false for bools. For embedded messages, the default value is always the "default instance" or "prototype" of the message, which has none of its fields set. Calling the accessor to get the value of an optional (or required) field which has not been explicitly set always returns that field's default value.
  • repeated: the field may be repeated any number of times (including zero). The order of the repeated values will be preserved in the protocol buffer. Think of repeated fields as dynamically sized arrays.
  • required: a value for the field must be provided, otherwise the message will be considered "uninitialized". Serializing an uninitialized message will raise an exception. Parsing an uninitialized message will fail. Other than this, a required field behaves exactly like an optional field.

Required Is Forever You should be very careful about marking fields as required. If at some point you wish to stop writing or sending a required field, it will be problematic to change the field to an optional field – old readers will consider messages without this field to be incomplete and may reject or drop them unintentionally. You should consider writing application-specific custom validation routines for your buffers instead. Within Google, required fields are strongly disfavored; most messages defined in proto2 syntax use optional and repeated only. (Proto3 does not support required fields at all.)

You'll find a complete guide to writing .proto files – including all the possible field types – in the Protocol Buffer Language Guide. Don't go looking for facilities similar to class inheritance, though – protocol buffers don't do that.

Compiling Your Protocol Buffers

Now that you have a .proto, the next thing you need to do is generate the classes you'll need to read and write AddressBook (and hence Person and PhoneNumber) messages. To do this, you need to run the protocol buffer compiler protoc on your .proto:

  1. If you haven't installed the compiler, download the package and follow the instructions in the README.
  2. Now run the compiler, specifying the source directory (where your application's source code lives – the current directory is used if you don't provide a value), the destination directory (where you want the generated code to go; often the same as $SRC_DIR), and the path to your .proto. In this case, you...:
    protoc -I=$SRC_DIR --python_out=$DST_DIR $SRC_DIR/addressbook.proto
    Because you want Python classes, you use the --python_out option – similar options are provided for other supported languages.

This generates in your specified destination directory.

The Protocol Buffer API

Unlike when you generate Java and C++ protocol buffer code, the Python protocol buffer compiler doesn't generate your data access code for you directly. Instead (as you'll see if you look at it generates special descriptors for all your messages, enums, and fields, and some mysteriously empty classes, one for each message type:

class Person(message.Message):
  __metaclass__ = reflection.GeneratedProtocolMessageType

  class PhoneNumber(message.Message):
    __metaclass__ = reflection.GeneratedProtocolMessageType

class AddressBook(message.Message):
  __metaclass__ = reflection.GeneratedProtocolMessageType

The important line in each class is __metaclass__ = reflection.GeneratedProtocolMessageType. While the details of how Python metaclasses work is beyond the scope of this tutorial, you can think of them as like a template for creating classes. At load time, the GeneratedProtocolMessageType metaclass uses the specified descriptors to create all the Python methods you need to work with each message type and adds them to the relevant classes. You can then use the fully-populated classes in your code.

The end effect of all this is that you can use the Person class as if it defined each field of the Message base class as a regular field. For example, you could write:

import addressbook_pb2
person = addressbook_pb2.Person() = 1234 = "John Doe" = ""
phone = person.phones.add()
phone.number = "555-4321"
phone.type = addressbook_pb2.Person.HOME

Note that these assignments are not just adding arbitrary new fields to a generic Python object. If you were to try to assign a field that isn't defined in the .proto file, an AttributeError would be raised. If you assign a field to a value of the wrong type, a TypeError will be raised. Also, reading the value of a field before it has been set returns the default value.

person.no_such_field = 1  # raises AttributeError = "1234"        # raises TypeError

For more information on exactly what members the protocol compiler generates for any particular field definition, see the Python generated code reference.

Enums are expanded by the metaclass into a set of symbolic constants with integer values. So, for example, the constant addressbook_pb2.Person.PhoneType.WORK has the value 2.

Standard Message Methods

Each message class also contains a number of other methods that let you check or manipulate the entire message, including:

  • IsInitialized(): checks if all the required fields have been set.
  • __str__(): returns a human-readable representation of the message, particularly useful for debugging. (Usually invoked as str(message) or print message.)
  • CopyFrom(other_msg): overwrites the message with the given message's values.
  • Clear(): clears all the elements back to the empty state.

These methods implement the Message interface. For more information, see the complete API documentation for Message.

Parsing and Serialization

Finally, each protocol buffer class has methods for writing and reading messages of your chosen type using the protocol buffer binary format. These include:

  • SerializeToString(): serializes the message and returns it as a string. Note that the bytes are binary, not text; we only use the str type as a convenient container.
  • ParseFromString(data): parses a message from the given string.

These are just a couple of the options provided for parsing and serialization. Again, see the Message API reference for a complete list.

Protocol Buffers and Object Oriented Design Protocol buffer classes are basically dumb data holders (like structs in C); they don't make good first class citizens in an object model. If you want to add richer behavior to a generated class, the best way to do this is to wrap the generated protocol buffer class in an application-specific class. Wrapping protocol buffers is also a good idea if you don't have control over the design of the .proto file (if, say, you're reusing one from another project). In that case, you can use the wrapper class to craft an interface better suited to the unique environment of your application: hiding some data and methods, exposing convenience functions, etc. You should never add behaviour to the generated classes by inheriting from them. This will break internal mechanisms and is not good object-oriented practice anyway.

Writing A Message

Now let's try using your protocol buffer classes. The first thing you want your address book application to be able to do is write personal details to your address book file. To do this, you need to create and populate instances of your protocol buffer classes and then write them to an output stream.

Here is a program which reads an AddressBook from a file, adds one new Person to it based on user input, and writes the new AddressBook back out to the file again. The parts which directly call or reference code generated by the protocol compiler are highlighted.

#! /usr/bin/python

import addressbook_pb2
import sys

# This function fills in a Person message based on user input.
def PromptForAddress(person): = int(raw_input("Enter person ID number: ")) = raw_input("Enter name: ")

  email = raw_input("Enter email address (blank for none): ")
  if email != "": = email

  while True:
    number = raw_input("Enter a phone number (or leave blank to finish): ")
    if number == "":

    phone_number = person.phones.add()
    phone_number.number = number

    type = raw_input("Is this a mobile, home, or work phone? ")
    if type == "mobile":
      phone_number.type = addressbook_pb2.Person.PhoneType.MOBILE
    elif type == "home":
      phone_number.type = addressbook_pb2.Person.PhoneType.HOME
    elif type == "work":
      phone_number.type = addressbook_pb2.Person.PhoneType.WORK
      print "Unknown phone type; leaving as default value."

# Main procedure:  Reads the entire address book from a file,
#   adds one person based on user input, then writes it back out to the same
#   file.
if len(sys.argv) != 2:
  print "Usage:", sys.argv[0], "ADDRESS_BOOK_FILE"

address_book = addressbook_pb2.AddressBook()

# Read the existing address book.
  f = open(sys.argv[1], "rb")
except IOError:
  print sys.argv[1] + ": Could not open file.  Creating a new one."

# Add an address.

# Write the new address book back to disk.
f = open(sys.argv[1], "wb")

Reading A Message

Of course, an address book wouldn't be much use if you couldn't get any information out of it! This example reads the file created by the above example and prints all the information in it.

#! /usr/bin/python

import addressbook_pb2
import sys

# Iterates though all people in the AddressBook and prints info about them.
def ListPeople(address_book):
  for person in address_book.people:
    print "Person ID:",
    print "  Name:",
    if person.HasField('email'):
      print "  E-mail address:",

    for phone_number in person.phones:
      if phone_number.type == addressbook_pb2.Person.PhoneType.MOBILE:
        print "  Mobile phone #: ",
      elif phone_number.type == addressbook_pb2.Person.PhoneType.HOME:
        print "  Home phone #: ",
      elif phone_number.type == addressbook_pb2.Person.PhoneType.WORK:
        print "  Work phone #: ",
      print phone_number.number

# Main procedure:  Reads the entire address book from a file and prints all
#   the information inside.
if len(sys.argv) != 2:
  print "Usage:", sys.argv[0], "ADDRESS_BOOK_FILE"

address_book = addressbook_pb2.AddressBook()

# Read the existing address book.
f = open(sys.argv[1], "rb")

Extending a Protocol Buffer

Sooner or later after you release the code that uses your protocol buffer, you will undoubtedly want to "improve" the protocol buffer's definition. If you want your new buffers to be backwards-compatible, and your old buffers to be forward-compatible – and you almost certainly do want this – then there are some rules you need to follow. In the new version of the protocol buffer:

  • you must not change the tag numbers of any existing fields.
  • you must not add or delete any required fields.
  • you may delete optional or repeated fields.
  • you may add new optional or repeated fields but you must use fresh tag numbers (i.e. tag numbers that were never used in this protocol buffer, not even by deleted fields).

(There are some exceptions to these rules, but they are rarely used.)

If you follow these rules, old code will happily read new messages and simply ignore any new fields. To the old code, optional fields that were deleted will simply have their default value, and deleted repeated fields will be empty. New code will also transparently read old messages. However, keep in mind that new optional fields will not be present in old messages, so you will need to either check explicitly whether they're set with has_, or provide a reasonable default value in your .proto file with [default = value] after the tag number. If the default value is not specified for an optional element, a type-specific default value is used instead: for strings, the default value is the empty string. For booleans, the default value is false. For numeric types, the default value is zero. Note also that if you added a new repeated field, your new code will not be able to tell whether it was left empty (by new code) or never set at all (by old code) since there is no has_ flag for it.

Advanced Usage

Protocol buffers have uses that go beyond simple accessors and serialization. Be sure to explore the Python API reference to see what else you can do with them.

One key feature provided by protocol message classes is reflection. You can iterate over the fields of a message and manipulate their values without writing your code against any specific message type. One very useful way to use reflection is for converting protocol messages to and from other encodings, such as XML or JSON. A more advanced use of reflection might be to find differences between two messages of the same type, or to develop a sort of "regular expressions for protocol messages" in which you can write expressions that match certain message contents. If you use your imagination, it's possible to apply Protocol Buffers to a much wider range of problems than you might initially expect!

Reflection is provided as part of the Message interface.


text:
Cover Letter Sales Examples For Your Needs

Cover Letter Sales Examples For Your Needs.

When writing an official or company letter, discussion style and also format is key to making an excellent impression. These themes supply outstanding examples of the best ways to structure such a letter, and consist of example content to work as an overview to design.

Cover Letter Sales Examples

Cover Letter Sales Examples from
Cover Letter Sales Examples from

Should you constantly send out a cover letter? You found an exciting new job uploading as well as are obtaining prepared to send your return to, however exactly what regarding a cover letter? Is it always required to hang out creating a cover letter, or exist times you can get away without one? We inspected in with a panel of job experts to figure out.

ideas for much better email cover letters

If you're emailing a resume, your cover letter will supply the very first impression. These 8 tips will assist you craft a better e-mail cover letter.

READ  Sample Cover Letter For Teachers Collection

As the stating goes, you don't obtain a 2nd opportunity to make an impression. If you're working search or resume submission by means of e-mail, the impression any company will have is from your cover letter.

When you're asked to email your task application to a company, you can either duplicate and also paste your cover letter right into the body of your e-mail, or you can connect it as a file, along with your return to. If you send your cover letter as an accessory, you could send it as either a PDF data or Word paper. Here's exactly what else you should you think about when crafting an email cover letter.

What are the standard elements of a cover letter?

Greeting: Address your cover letter to the proper person.

Opening: Compose a personalized, inviting opening paragraph that keeps in mind how your skills are an excellent fit to the work and displays your enthusiasm.

Hook: Highlight your past accomplishments as they relate to the job you're looking for.

Skills: Highlight extra pertinent skills, such as machine language or accreditations.

Close: Quickly recap your toughness as a candidate, as well as include your call information.

Cover letter ideas

1. Search phrases: Similar to with your return to, your cover letters must be tailored for each task you apply to. Beginning by assessing the task summary. In it, you will certainly discover crucial key words that let you understand exactly what type of staff member the firm is wanting to find. Utilize these same key phrases throughout your cover letter.

READ  Google Doc Cover Letter Database

2. Adapt for the company: Each version of your cover letter must discuss how your abilities will certainly benefit the particular firm that you intend to function for. You desire to target the firm s requires not your own. Show just how you can assist them accomplish their goals. Bear in mind: You're offering on your own in a resume as well as a cover letter, but the company needs to desire to buy.

Program you "obtain" them: Your cover letter should demonstrate that you have actually done some study right into what the company's discomfort points are. Offering on your own as a remedy to a hiring manager s issue could aid your cover letter take the ideal tone.

Gradually evaluate your cover letter to make certain everything reads correctly. Have somebody else read your cover letter for back-up.

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WARC-Identified-Payload-Type: application/xhtml+xml

text:
Columnist David Weigel of the Washington Post writes that many Republicans have turned against vote-by-mail plans because Democrats support it. Ironically, absentee balloting typically favors Republicans.

He writes:

Georgia Speaker of the House David Ralston called into a local interview show with bad news. It would be tough, he told FetchYourNews yesterday, to find “enough people to man” polling sites. It would be easier to “push back the date” of the primary, which Georgia’s governor had already delayed by two months. And a solution from Republican Secretary of State John Raffensperger — sending absentee ballot applications to every registered voter — was problematic, he said. “When you look at the people in Georgia that have lined up to support Secretary Raffensperger’s proposal, it’s every extreme, liberal Democratic group that’s out there,” Ralston said. “It kind of makes you wonder what their agenda is.”

That same conversation, with the same fear and suspicion, is happening in nearly every state. Just five states — Colorado, Hawaii, Oregon, Utah and Washington — were planning before the start of the coronavirus pandemic to conduct November’s elections with all-mail ballots. Voting rights groups and many Democrats have pointed to vote-by-mail as the most workable solution if in-person voting is a health risk.

But the very fact that Democrats support these changes has raised Republicans’ skepticism and heightened their opposition. Taking cues from the president, who warned this week that “you’d never have a Republican elected in this country again” if Democrats’ reforms were adopted, some conservatives argue that expanding vote-by-mail is a liberal scheme. Anything that made it into H.R. 1, the House Democrats’ package of voting reforms that has been ignored by the Republican-run Senate, is immediately suspect.

“These rules were all intended to basically make it easier to manipulate elections, and frankly, make it easier to cheat,” Hans von Spakovsky, director of the conservative Heritage Foundation’s election law project, said in an interview with Breitbart News. “They have absolutely nothing to do whatsoever with helping the country deal with the coronavirus.”

Von Spakovsky, who has been criticized for overhyping the risks of voter fraud, spoke for many Republicans. If nothing changes before November, the election and the primaries still being held between now and then will be held in wildly divergent conditions from state to state. None of the states that conduct all-mail voting are seen as competitive in this year’s presidential election, and the debate about one party fighting for partisan advantage has not squared with their own experience. In fact, for years, rules expanding the use of absentee ballots were seen as favoring Republicans.

“Being a very red state, we haven’t seen anything that helps one party over another at all,” said Justin Lee, who has been Utah’s director of elections for three years as vote-by-mail was implemented. “We’ve heard less concern about voter fraud than about whether every ballot that should get counted does get counted.”

Of the eight states expected to be see the closest races — Arizona, Florida, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin — only the first two have a robust absentee ballot tradition. New Hampshire requires voters who want an absentee ballot to declare that they will be at work, out of the state or unwell or that they have some religious exemption from in-person voting, while the seven other states have no special requirement.

Seven of the eight swing states have something else in common: divided governments. In Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin, Democratic governors are frequently at odds with Republican-run legislatures. (In Minnesota, Republicans control the state Senate, while Democrats control the House.) For Wisconsin, that meant Gov. Tony Evers’s proposal to send postage-paid absentee ballots to voters was dead on arrival, with the Republican speaker of the House calling it an “invitation to voter fraud.”

In New Hampshire, Republican Gov. Chris Sununu contests with a Democratic-run General Court and has vetoed several attempts to make voting easier. In Arizona, Republicans control most of state government, minus the secretary of state’s office; in Florida, they run every element of the election process.

For the past few weeks, elections officials across the country have been talking frequently, sharing best practices and sometimes walking through the vote-by-mail process. The National Association of State Election Directors had been holding weekly conference calls, and Kim Wyman, the Democrat serving as Washington’s secretary of state, said her office had been in touch with officials in every other state, answering questions about vote-by-mail logistics.

They had demystified vote-by-mail’s anti-fraud measures, explaining that ballot envelopes must be signed, that county clerks call voters if there are problems with their ballots, and that they’ve been able to chase down the few cases where people voted twice. In Washington’s last election, 4.4 million ballots were cast but fewer than 100 ballots were flagged and none led to a criminal fraud investigation. Voter fraud remains rare, with high-profile cases representing a tiny fraction of votes cast each year.

Yet so far, in legislatures, the debate over adjusting voting systems to deal with the pandemic has broken across partisan lines. Arizona Secretary of State Katie Hobbs, a Democrat, called for universal vote-by-mail on March 18, one day after the state’s presidential primary. Republicans were skeptical, with state Rep. T.J. Shope telling the Arizona Republic that he saw “[an] appetite on the other side to take advantage of a crisis and do things they’ve been trying to get done for a very long time.”

Conservative pressure kept vote-by-mail out of last month’s coronavirus response package an succeeded in reducing funding that Democrats wanted for a switch to that system from $2 billion to $400 million. According to Wyman, vote- by-mail saved money in some ways, such as giving disabled voters a ballot instead of prepping every polling place for disabled access, but the pandemic is going to pile on more costs.

There is more but you get the idea.


text:
Mayor's Message

Welcome To The Town Of Digby!

Ben ClevelandI hope that you have a great time visiting Digby. Take time to visit our shops, walk along the boardwalk and explore our beaches. Stroll along Queen Street and view the old seafarer's homes. Travel to Bear River and enjoy the local art and wineries. Take in a whale watch cruise and wonder in amazement at the Balancing Rock.

Enjoy yourselves visiting Digby, once recognized as the most romantic town in Canada. Be sure to dine at one of our many restaurants, enjoying fresh haddock, scallops, lobster harvested within sight of the Town.

Travel back home, tell your friends about us and we won’t disappoint them or you!

Mayor Ben Cleveland


text:
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Rochester Group

A conference shoot, on location capturing candid photos throughout.

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This page is no longer maintained. Okay

You are here: About (english)
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Digital Literacy 2.0 - flyer

"Digital Literacy 2.0" is a European project funded in the Lifelong Learning Programme that aims to help you use Web2.0 applications in your everyday life.

Web 2.0 can ease your daily life and will help you to

  • stay in contact with family & friends
  • find bargains and snips
  • have a voice in public debate
  • make use of services that are free of charge

... and a whole lot of other things.

Click to watch a short presentation of the project

The online world penetrates more and more the daily life of European citizens and therefore Digital Competence or Digital Literacy has become one of the key competences to ensure social cohesion, active citizenship and personal fulfillment. Citizens who do not have access and skills needed to use the internet are disadvantaged in many ways. Since educational disadvantage is closely linked to social exclusion and poverty there is a need to empower the really "hard to reach" learning distant groups and to enable them to make use of ICT.

The project Digital Literacy 2.0 (DLit2.0) follows an ICT based train-the-trainer and qualify-the-users approach. It sets out to develop and implement training programmes for staff in non- and informal learning settings such as Public Libraries, community and care centres to enable them for the use of Web 2.0 and the provision of ICT based non-formal learning offers to socially disadvantaged and learning distant people. Once they are trained, these staff members will enable new users of the Internet to develop skills and knowledge needed to make full and safe use of the World Wide Web improving their motivation to learn and empowering them to participate in social life. Especially Web 2.0 provides plenty of learning opportunities and lowers the threshold to education.

DLit2.0 analyses best practices strategies and success criteria from different European countries into one comprehensive and innovative strategy with special emphasis on innovative non-formal learning approaches and collaboration models. The project is a transnational, transsectoral and interdisciplinary cooperation and creates value by basing growth on knowledge, empowering people in inclusive societies and ensuring that citizens can access lifelong learning and up-skilling throughout their lives in order to master "New Skills for New Jobs".


text:
Reasons why you should consider home improvement tips before starting the project?

Home improvement is one of the most difficult and challenging tasks for all homeowners out there. It requires a lot of decision making which will not only stress you out but even cause financial burden. Therefore, it is essential that home improvement projects are done in a systematic and streamlined manner.

Fortunately, there are many resources where you can find home improvement tips. This includes online research articles, books and videos. However, some homeowners do not consider the same.

Following are some reasons why home improvement tips should be considered before starting with any project:

Save time

Home improvement projects are in itself very time consuming. From painting the walls and fixing the lights to the sanitary installments to giving finishing touches, there are many things to do. If you do not plan beforehand and start it right away, the project is bound to fail. Therefore, if you want to save time, then make sure home improvement tips are fully considered before even starting the project.

Save money

While carrying out home improvement projects, a lot of money is at stake. It can cause a huge amount of money, especially if you are getting your entire house renovated. Thus, you would want to ensure that money is invested in the right place. This can be done by going through certain tips pertaining to home renovation. These tips will guide you over the right tiles to install and the right paint to use. It enables a homeowner to save costs and expenses.

Peace of mind

Peace of mind is a critical reason why you should consider home improvement tips. Given that this is a tedious and stressful task, making sure you are well informed of all the tips will give you peace of mind.

Hire the right contractor

Hiring the right contractor can be very important to ensure that home improvement projects are carried out perfectly. These professionals are responsible for ensuring the right results. Given the abundance of contractors in the market, it has become difficult to make the right choice. Therefore, homeowners are highly recommended to go through certain tips. These tips will guide you over on how to hire the right professional.

Avoid unexpected shocks

Home improvement projects can be full of shocks and surprises. Sometimes, you may purchase the wrong tiles or paints. This can result into costing you additional money. Sometimes, you may end up hiring the wrong plumber who messes up the entire improvement project. These obstacles can not only be costly in terms of money but also time as well. Therefore, you should consider certain important tips to ensure that such unexpected shocks are avoided at all costs.

The bottom line

Above are some of the major reasons why tips should be taken into account. In view thereof, it is advisable that you go through a wide range of resources. This will ensure that the project is carried out in the right manner.

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Natural Resources, School of

Date of this Version

Habitat Characteristics of Eastern Wild Turkey Nest and Ground-roost Sites in 2 Longleaf Pine Forests by M.M. Streich, A.R. Little, M.J. Chamberlain, L.M. Conner, R.J. Warren. 7 pages, 2 figures, 6 tables. 2015.

Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies 2:164–170

Copyright 2015 Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies

Managing and restoring longleaf pine forests throughout the Southeast is a conservation priority. Prescribed fire is an integral part of these activities, as it is the primary means of controlling hardwood encroachment and maintaining native groundcover. Nest site and preflight brood groundroost site selection of eastern wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) has not been well studied in longleaf pine systems. Therefore, we determined habitat characteristics associated with wild turkey nests and ground-roosts in 2 longleaf pine forests in southwestern Georgia. We radio-tagged 45 female turkeys and evaluated habitat characteristics associated with 84 nests and 51 ground-roosts during the 2011–2013 nesting seasons. Nests were located farther from mature pine and mature pine-hardwood stands and closer to shrub/scrub habitats than expected. Nests were also negatively associated with percent canopy closure and positively associated with percent woody ground cover and vegetation height. Ground-roosts were closer to mature pine-hardwood stands and open water than were random sites. We suggest that management of longleaf pine forests should focus on maintaining open-canopied forests with adequate understory vegetation to serve as nesting and brood-rearing cover. Our findings suggest that frequent prescribed fire (≤ 2 years), when the management goal is to optimize restoration of longleaf ecosystems, is conducive to maintaining wild turkey populations.


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‘Attempting to Validate BBT Refcounts’ Outlook PST Error

Microsoft Outlook PST is the single file consisting of all email messages, notes, journals, tasks, appointments and other Outlook objects. This file is prone to corruption due to reasons like virus attack, saving PST on network, application faults, unexpected shutdown and other similar reasons. Thus for complete file restoration, you need to use your recent file backup. But in case you observe that backup is giving errors or is not updated to restore required data, commercial Outlook PST Repair tools can prove as valid tools to be used.

You might receive the similar error message while using Microsoft Office Outlook Inbox Repair Tool:

“Attempting to validate BBT refcounts”

“Couldn’t find BBT entry in the RBT (211C8)”

You receive such errors in the log report.

Possible causes for the above error to occur are:

  • PST file is large in size
  • Outlook is unable to find the BBT entry of the file
  • PST is damaged or corrupted

Note: Outlook 2002 and earlier versions have default file size limit of 2 GB. If PST grows beyond this file size limit, Outlook shows strange behavior and PST gets odds to corrupt. In Outlook 2003 and 2007, this file size limit has extended to default value of 20 GB.

To fix these issues, you should try performing these steps:

  • Try to reduce file size. You can empty the ‘Deleted Items’ folder and delete unimportant email messages from all folders including Inbox, Sent Items etc.
  • Try reinstalling Microsoft Office Outlook to resolve BBT errors
  • If PST corruption is the issue, you need to repair it. Since Inbox Repair Tool cannot repair such files, you should Repair PST using commercial applications.

Outlook PST Repair software are safe and advanced applications to repair damaged PST. These software deploy high-end scanning algorithms to examine a damaged PST file and repair it, without changing file original view and content. You can use these tools to Repair Outlook PST in any case of personal storage file corruption. They come equipped with self-descriptive interface, read-only design and automated recovery options.

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The 7 Secret Windows Shortcuts You Never Knew About

What if it only takes you a split of a second to initiate a command from fingers? For years, regular users of the Windows computer have been using their mouse more than these cool shortcuts which could very well save them time and effort.

You can be sure that the seasoned tech experts have been using these secretly. And now, you will be shown the way as well. Hang on! Here they come.

1. Windows logo key + L key

Moving away to pantry for a new cup of coffee? Keep curious eyes out of your work with this quick shortcut – you can lock your windows instantly.

2. Shift key + Delete key

Do you find it troublesome to always empty your Recycle Bin after you take out the trash? Now with this quick shortcut, you can bypass the Recycle Bin and get rid of it instantly. But do note of the downside – you won’t be able to retrieve any accidentally deleted files.

3. Alt key / Windows logo key + Tab key

Too many multiple windows opened? This handy shortcut will allow you to select the right screen easily.

4. Shift key + Ctrl key + N key

Want to create a new folder instantly, without having to do the clicking? Now you can. Hit this 3 key combination, and a new folder will appear with the name ‘New folder’ already highlighted – so you can type in your preferred name.

5. Windows key + M key

Uh oh, did you load too many windows that they are cluttering your screen? Or are you sensing that your boss is coming right behind you? Use this quick shortcut to minimize all of the windows instantly. It’s a great way to save your time, and sometimes, your appraisal at the end of the year.

6. Windows logo key + Left or Right Arrow key

If you are using a two monitors for your desktop, you may prefer some windows to appear on your left, and some others on the right monitor. Hitting this quick shortcut allows your window to move from one monitor to the next one. And if you only have a single monitor, this shortcut will re-position your window to the side of the screen.

7. Windows logo key + (+/- key)

Can’t see that super small font? Or would you like to view your smaller? Press windows key and + key together to zoom in for a magnified view. Or you could hit windows key and – to get a zoom out view.

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  • X ≠ Agarwal, Nisha
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High-fidelity Lagrangian Coherent Structures analysis and DNS with Discontinuous-Galerkin methods
Computational studies of flame structures
High-speed particle-laden flows : Eulerian-Lagrangian methods, multi-scale modeling and numerical/physical instabilities
Large eddy simulation of atmospheric boundary layer flow in urban terrain : implications for transport of pollution and heat
Multiscale transport in porous media and patterned surfaces
Constitutive modeling and simulation of spark plasma sintering with applications to fabrication of functionally structured mono-carbides
Optimization of spark-plasma sintering efficiency :  tailoring material structure and advanced tooling design
Multi-scale current activated tip-based sintering of powder-based materials
Loading mode optimization and structure tailoring in spark plasma sintering of monocarbide powder-based components for high temperature applications
Tailored net-shape powder composites by spark plasma sintering
Bio-inspired tailored hydroxyapatite-based powder composites for dental applications


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DIMA Services secure iconic venue to provide security services

DIMA Services have been chosen as the new security provider for Leith Theatre

Imran Safi, DIMA Services Ops Manager said

“It is a real statement of intent of where DIMA Services are looking to go as we continue to add such fantastic venues to our ever growing list of clients.”

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Sleep Goals To Help You Hold Hustlin?

Many individuals have unhealthy, poor, broken, or blemished credit files that make them unappealing candidates once they go to a conventional banking institution to use for a personal loan. Find and evaluate the current rates on cash-out refinances available in your area. As a result of credit cards report monthly fee history, sticking to those modified cost phrases may assist enhance credit score,” Nitzsche said. The bottom line: Wells Fargo private loans include charge discounts for some debtors, as well as the option so as to add a co-signer or select a secured private mortgage. Log into your on-line banking account and make a listing of all the things that you just spend cash on now each month.

A private loan from a bank, credit union, or on-line lender may help cover emergency costs should you don’t meet the credit rating necessities for a bank card. Secured mortgage choice: These with existing Wells Fargo financial savings or CD accounts can apply for a secured loan for a decrease rate of interest. In the end, however, these lenders contemplate related criteria to what your FICO score incorporates: whether you repeatedly pay payments on time and do not carry a big bank card stability, as an illustration.

That means the lender has no collateral, just the strength of your credit score history, to depend on. In case your credit score is damaged or thin, you will pay increased rates of interest, sometimes as a lot as 36%, which tends to be the ceiling with most reputable lenders. Secured loans from credit unions: Some credit unions offer CD-secured loans, usually to construct credit score or get money quickly at a decrease fee than different forms of loans. You do not get a payday mortgage to finance a automotive or other main purchase, however these monetary devices show convenient when you’ve got brief-time period medical, faculty or holiday expenses your should pay immediately.

Often, payday loans are returned within a month (after the borrower gets a paycheck, simply as the name suggests). So long as you’re paying these new cards off in full each month, you will doubtless see your scores rise again. The net software sometimes takes less than 5 minutes from your laptop or cell gadget and you will get an immediate resolution LendUp cannot guarantee receipt of your funds within a sure timeframe, though, as a result of although we initiate a transfer of cash to you, your financial institution controls when you’ll have access to it.

Should you intend to purchase another business along with your loan, you may additionally want to supply financials on that enterprise, together with tax returns and the purchase settlement. See our free instrument and guide Reclaim Payday Loans for Free. You shouldn’t sit again by solely submitting an application and leaving your future bank card on likelihood. Candidates with adverse credit can access these loans through non-traditional lenders, while these in higher credit score standing may be able to apply with their very own financial institution for Quick And Easy Payday Loan approval.

Some on-line lenders cater particularly to people with horrible credit. Debt consolidation is only one of a number of strategies for paying off debt Debt consolidation won’t work when you have too much debt or have not mounted underlying spending points. Many of those loans even have lower opening and closing costs in addition to other fees, or could remove most of the common homeowner loan fees fully and instead function a single low payment to cover the prices of the loan.

You can also discover non-public lenders that present loans for student however with high interest rate. Fees some charges, akin to a lender charge which incorporates an software fee. Chances are high you will consider making use of for a Small Enterprise Administration mortgage when you’re a small enterprise proprietor in search of a big loan quantity. I don’t understand why people can’t understand that you can’t pay debt with debt. Very straightforward weekly repayments.

These payday loans require your passport dimension photograph alongside together with your paperwork and your bank assertion can be essential to avail this loan. You can ensure that while you apply for payday loans online with Wizzcash, that we’ve among the easiest encryption expertise to identify, stop and eradicate any rip-off attempts. You do not need to pay taxes on money owed discharged in chapter. The way to Get a guaranteed approval Loan As we speak, lending corporations have their own web sites the place candidates can conveniently submit their purposes on-line.

In all the next states payday loans are prohibited: Arizona, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Georgia, Guam, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, N. Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, Pennsylvania, Vermont, Virgin Islands, West Virginia. There are quite a few on-line cash lenders who’re accustomed to you. You then fax out copies of monetary info resembling a check, your current financial institution statements, or some signed paperwork.

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Paula Ayre Beauty Studio

Category: Beauty Salons

Address: 1 Chorley Road, Westhoughton, Bolton, Lancashire, BL5 3PD

Landline: 01942 8... Landline: 01942 8...

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LCH-3D(TS)-RB - Lubbock 3-Light Tea Stained Glass Chandelier Rubbed Bronze Finish

Save 55%

Sale price$44.99 Regular price$99.99

Spec Sheet

The Lubbock 3-Light Chandelier features a rubbed bronze metal finish and a tea stained glass finish which together create a beautiful, traditional design. The curved lines, bell-shaped shades, and detailing add the perfect rustic appeal to your home. Make this fixture the next addition to your home as kitchen lighting, foyer lighting, or living room lighting.

 Part Number LCH-3D(TS)-RB
Finish Rubbed Bronze
Glass Finish Tea Stained
Dimensions (HxWxL) 19"H x 23"W x 23"L
Lamp Info 3 x 60W (E26)
Lamps Included No

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Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.

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All Victorian SARS-CoV-2 cases by local government area

Each row contains a single SARS-CoV-2 case and the Victorian local government area.

An active case is someone who has tested positive and is currently in isolation. The department monitors active cases. A small number of cases that are not contactable are considered to have recovered after 28 days from diagnoses.

Residential location is the address provided by a person during contact tracing. This is not where they were infected. It may not be where the case currently resides (for example they might be in a hospital).

Data and Resources

Additional Information

Field Value
Created (Data Asset) 31/10/2020
Published (Metadata record) 02/11/2020
Last updated 22/03/2021
Organisation Department of Health
License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Data temporal coverage: 25/01/2020


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HVR Road Train: Drought Relief Services

Victoria’s Class 2 pre-approved Road Train network for Drought Relief Services. This map shows the approved, pre-approved and gazetted networks in north-west Victoria for Type 1 Road Trains.  Note: This is a mapped network only - Not approved network.

Data and Resources

Additional Information

Field Value
Source https://vicroadsopendata-vicroadsmaps.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/0c56bf14c744436c946d347755acc4f9_54
Created (Data Asset) 06/05/2021
Published (Metadata record) 19/05/2021
Last updated 18/08/2021
Organisation Department of Transport
License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Full metadata URL https://data.vicroads.vic.gov.au/metadata/