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We have seen that three signifies Divine perfection, with special reference to the Trinity: The Father, one in sovereignty; the Son, the second person, in incarnation and salvation, delivering from every enemy; the Holy Spirit, the third person, realising in us and to us Divine things.

Now the number four is made up of three and one (3+1=4), and it denotes, therefore, and marks that which follows the revelation of God in the Trinity, namely, His creative works. He is known by the things that are seen. Hence the written revelation commences with the words, "In-the-beginning God CREATED." Creation is therefore the next thing—the fourth thing, and the number four always has reference to all that is created. It is emphatically the number of Creation; of man in his relation to the world as created; while six is the number of man in his opposition to and independence of God. It is the number of things that have a beginning, of things that are made, of material things, and matter itself. It is the number of material completeness. Hence it is the world number, and especially the "city" number.

The fourth day saw the material creation finished (for on the fifth and sixth days it was only the furnishing and peopling of the earth with living creatures). The sun, moon, and stars completed the work, and they were to give light upon the earth which had been created, and to rule over the day and over the night (Gen 1:14-19).

  • Four is the number of the great elements—earth, air, fire, and water.
  • Four are the regions of the earth—north, south, east, and west.
  • Four are the divisions of the day—morning, noon, evening, and midnight. Or in our Lord's words, when He speaks of His coming at evening, midnight, cock-crowing, or in the morning (Mark 13:35). We are never to put off His coming in our minds beyond tomorrow morning.
  • Four are the seasons of the year—spring, summer, autumn, and winter.
  • Four are the great variations of the lunar phases.

In Genesis 2:10, 11, the one river of Paradise was parted, and became into four heads, and "the fourth river is Euphrates." Here, as so often elsewhere, the four is made up of 3 + 1. For three of these rivers are now unnamed, while one is still known by its original name "Euphrates."

Four marks division also. For the river was "parted." It is the first number which is not a "prime," the first which can be divided. It is the first square number also, and therefore it marks a kind of completeness as well, which we have called material completeness.

In the next chapter (Gen 3:22-24) the cherubim are first mentioned. These are four, and they have to do with creation always. They are first seen here, keeping, i.e., guarding (Gen 2:15), the Tree of Life, and thus preserving the blessed hope of immortality for creation. They are next seen in connection with atonement, showing the only ground on which creation could hope for the end of its groaning. They are seen on the veil and on the mercy-seat, binding up the hope of creation with Him who is called "the Hope of Israel." So that there is no hope for a groaning creation apart from atonement, apart from Christ, or apart from Israel. In the Apocalypse the same four cherubim are called Swa, "the living creatures" (Rev 4). These announce the Coming One; these sing of creation and of Him who created all things, and for whose pleasure they were created (Rev 4:11). Whenever they speak it is in connection with the earth. These call forth and announce the judgments or plagues (Rev 6) which issue on the ejection of the Usurper from the earth, and the destruction of them which destroy the earth, and in the exaltation and enthronement of Him when all the kingdoms of the world become the kingdom of our Lord and His anointed, and when the LORD God omnipotent reigneth.

Hence it was that these four cherubic forms were placed in the Signs of the Zodiac, and so placed that they divide it into four equal parts, thus uniting in one the twelve signs which set forth the blessed hope of a groaning creation, which waits for the Promised Seed of the woman to come and crush the serpent's head and bring in universal blessing.*

* See The Witness of the Stars, by the same author.

They are the four heads of animal creation: the lion, of wild beasts; the ox, of tame beasts; the eagle, of birds; and man the head of all. Again we have the four divided into 3 + 1: three animal, and one human.

They mark the purpose of God from the moment the curse was pronounced, and are the pledge that it will one day be removed.

Other characteristics mark the cherubim off from all else. They are not Divine, for they are never worshiped, and all likeness of God was forbidden; moreover the God-head is presented at the same time with them, for they are connected with His throne. They are distinguished from angels, and they are never dismissed on errands. They are distinguished from the Church in Revelation 5:9, 10, a passage which is supposed to prove their identity with it; for in verse 9, the word "us" should be omitted, with Lachmann, Tischendorf, Alford, Westcott and Hort, and the RV; and the words "us" and "we" in verse 10, should be "them" and "they" (with all the textual and ancient authorities), the verses reading as in RV:—"Thou wast slain, and didst purchase unto God with Thy blood, men of every tribe, and tongue, and people, and nation,* and madest them to be unto our God a kingdom and priests; and they reign upon the earth."

* Note the four-fold description.

The fact, therefore, of the living creatures being four (and no other number) marks them as connected with Creation, and as a symbolical representation that its hope of deliverance from the curse is bound up with the blood-shedding of the coming Redeemer.

In Genesis 10, "the generations of the sons of Noah" are comprised in a four-fold description. However the order may be varied, the number is preserved:

Verse 5. lands, tongues, families, nations
Verse 20. families, tongues, countries, nations
Verse 31. families, tongues, lands, nations
In Revelation there are seven similar descriptions, and though no two are alike, yet the number four is preserved. See Revelation 5:9, 7:9, 10:11, 11:9, 13:7,* 14:6, 17:15.

* In Rev 13:7, the AV gives only three; but the RV, with G., L., T., Tr., A., W. & H., give kai laon (kai laon), people, thus making four.

The three in Genesis, and seven in Revelation make ten such descriptions in all, which is the number of ordinal perfection.

are four, and these are divided into 3 + 1, where the one stands out in great and marked contrast to the other three. The first three wild beasts are named (lion, bear, leopard); while the fourth is only described and not named (7:7,23).

So in the image of Nebuchadnezzar's dream, three are metals; one is a mixture of metal and mire!

In Daniel 7:2, 3 we read, "The FOUR winds of the heaven STROVE upon the great sea, and FOUR beasts came up from the sea DIVERSE one from another." Such is the history of man's power in the world—strife and division!

No sooner are mankind divided in Genesis 10, than Abraham is called out from them to walk with God (Gen 11, 12). But he soon finds it to be a world of strife and enmity, for Genesis 14 opens with the names of four kings, and "these made war" with five others which are named afterwards.

of the Bible is Numbers. In Hebrew it is called B'Midbar, i.e., the Wilderness. The gematria of B'Midbar is 248 (4x62).

It relates to the earth, which is a wilderness compared with Heaven; and to our pilgrimage through it. It tells of Meribah and striving (20:13), and records the history of the murmurings, rebellions, and wanderings.

is the Book of the Wilderness. The first Psalm is the "Prayer of Moses, the man of God,"—the man of the wilderness. All the illustrations and metaphors, etc., are drawn from the earth, and this fourth book sets forth Jehovah's counsels and purposes in relation to the earth. (See Psalms 90-106.)

In the First Book of the Psalms (1-41), the fourth Psalm has to do with earth.* It tells how there is nothing satisfying in it; that apart from God there can be no real prosperity in the earth.

* The first Psalm speaks of Genesis and the counsels of God for man. The second tells of Exodus and deliverance from the hand of the enemy. The third tells of Leviticus—of Salvation being of the Lord, and how His blessing can be upon His people.

"Many there be that say, Who will show us any good?
LORD, lift Thou up the light of Thy countenance upon us.
Thou hast put gladness in my heart
More than they have when their corn and their wine are increased." (Psa 4:6,7, RV)

We may note also the fourth Psalms of the other Books of the Psalms, viz:—Psalm 45 (the fourth of the second book), Psalm 76 (the fourth of the third book), Psalm 93 (the fourth of the fourth book), and Psalm 110 (the fourth of the fifth book). All these tell of Dominion in the earth, and they speak of the coming reign of earth's rightful King and Lord.

The Fourth Commandment is the first that refers to the earth.

The fourth clause of the Lord's Prayer is the first that mentions the earth.

Seven stamps everything with spiritual perfection, for it is the number of heaven, and stands therefore in contrast to the earth. Hence, when in Revelation 5:12 the heavenly multitudes praise, they praise with a seven-fold blessing, and say:

"Worthy is the Lamb that was slain to receive (1) power, and (2) riches, and (3) wisdom, and (4) strength, and (5) honour, and (6) glory, and (7) blessing."

Whereas in v. 13, when the created earthly beings praise,— the creatures that are "on the earth, and under the earth, and such as are in the sea, and all that are in them"—when these join in their ascription, it is only four-fold:—(1) "blessing, and (2) honour, and (3) glory, and (4) power, be unto Him that sitteth upon the throne, and unto the Lamb for ever and ever."

are set forth by a four-fold type and record.

His death. the four great offerings (Psa 40:6).*

a. "Sacrifice [peace offering], and offering [meal offering], Thou wouldest not:

b. Mine ears hast Thou opened.

a. Burnt offering and sin offering hast Thou not required.

b. Then said I, Lo, I come," etc.

* Here the alternate structure shows that "b" and "b" relate to the obedience of Christ as the fifth great offering to which the four pointed.

In the four Gospels we have the record of His life and obedience unto death. These are divided into 3 + 1, the three being similar, and hence called "Synoptic"; while the fourth stands out alone, written after the Churches had all failed, and presenting Christ not merely as offered and rejected by Israel, but as the one and only centre of union and unity after His rejection, and in the midst of all the failure, confusion, and corruption.

are divided into four and three; and while the three are spoken inside the house (v 36) to the disciples, and reveal esoteric (or inner explanatory) truth, the four relate to exoteric truth, and concern the outward aspect of things in relation to the world, and hence were spoken outside the house (v 1).

But it is as composed of

Three PLUS one

that we see the most marked illustrations of the ideal significance of the number four, the "one" marking an election out of the earth.

Of the four great offerings, three were connected with blood and life; while one was meal.

The meal offering (Lev 2) was either baked in three ways (oven, flat-plate, or frying-pan); or not at all.

The sin offering (Lev 4) was offered for three classes of individuals—

  • The Priest that is anointed (v 3),
  • The Ruler (v 22),
  • The Common person (v 27)—
or for the whole congregation as one (v 13).

The materials of the Tabernacle were four, three being metals (gold, silver, brass); and one non-metal (wood).

The coverings of the Tabernacle were four,—three animal (goats' hair, rams' skins, and badger skins*); and one vegetable (fine linen).

* No badgers were ever found so far south as Palestine. The word #$xata (Tachash) is a word of uncertain meaning, but it refers to an animal the skins of which were used (Exo 25:5, 26:14; Num 4:6,8, etc.). The ancient versions understand it as a colour (the LXX, Chald., and Syr., as red, Arabic, black). It was probably the red or dark skins of the larger sacrificial animals; the two smaller animals are named as being goats and rams.

The ornamentations of the curtains were four, three being colours (blue, purple and scarlet); while one was a pattern (the cherubim).

The Priests and Levites were of four orders or persons: one was Aaron and his sons (Aaronites); the three were the sons of Gershon, Kohath, and Merari (Levites).

The Manna (Exo 16:14,31) has a four-fold description, three referring to sight or appearance (small, white, round); and one to taste (sweet).

Of the four prohibited or unclean animals, three chewed the cud, but did not divide the hoof (camel, hare, and coney); while one divided the hoof, but did not chew the cud (the swine); and thus the swine stands out in marked contrast to the other three.

Of the four Houses of God (i.e., erected by Divine plan) in the earth, three were, or will be, material, viz., the Tabernacle, the Temple (Solomon's), and Ezekiel's; whilst the one is a Spiritual house (1 Peter 2:5).

Four houses were built by Solomon; three were for himself,—his own house (1 Kings 7:1), the house of the forest of Lebanon (v 2), the house for Pharaoh's daughter (v 8); while one was the House of the LORD (1 Kings 6:37).

God's four sore judgments in the earth (Eze 14:21): three are inanimate (the sword, famine, and pestilence); while one is animate (the noisome beast).

In Jeremiah 15:3, they are still four, but three are animate (dogs, fowls, and beasts), and one is inanimate (the sword).

Of the four kinds of flesh in 1 Corinthians 15:39, three are animals (beasts, birds, and fishes); while one is human (man).

The four glories of 1 Corinthians 15:40, 41: three are celestial and are detailed (the sun, moon, and stars); while one is not detailed and is terrestrial.

The body is sown and raised (1 Cor 15:42-44) in three ways that relate to corruptibility:

  • sown "in corruption, raised in incorruption";
  • sown "in dishonour, raised in glory";
  • sown "in weakness, raised in power";

while in the one, "it is sown a natural body; it is raised a spiritual body."

In the parable of the sower (Matt 13) the kinds of soil are four; but three are characterised as being all alike in contrast to the one (viz., the wayside, the stony ground, and the thorns). These are all unprepared! while the one is good because it is prepared! The essence of the parable lies in this. It reduces the four soils to two, and confirms what is said of the two religions on pp. 96, 97.

In the Lost Son's welcome (Luke 15), three things were material (the robe, the ring, and the shoes); while one was moral (the kiss).

"The Seventy" went forth with a four-fold prohibition (Luke 10:4), of which three related to matters (carry no purse, no scrip, no shoes); while one related to action ("salute no man by the way").

God's four-fold witness in the earth (Heb 2:4): three are impersonal (signs, wonders, and miracles), and one personal (the gifts of the Holy Ghost).

The four of the Book of Job:—

  • Eliphaz
  • Bildad
  • Zophar (friends)
  • Elihu (mediator)

The children of Lamech:—

  • Jubal
  • Jabal
  • Tubal-Cain (sons)
  • Naamah (daughters)

The four bound with brass:—

  • Samson (Judg 16:21) [not liberated]
  • Jehoiachim (2 Chron 36:6) [not liberated]
  • Zedekiah (2 Kings 25:7; Jer 52:11, 39:7) [not liberated]
  • Manasseh (2 Chron 33:11) [liberated]

The four whose names were changed:—

  • Abram (Gen 27:5) [in blessing]
  • Sarai (Gen 27:15) [in blessing]
  • Jacob (35:10, 37:28) [in blessing]
  • Pashur (Jer 20:3) [in judgment]

Four Prophetesses of the Old Testament:—

  • Miriam (Exo 15:20) [good]
  • Deborah (Judg 4:4) [good]
  • Huldah (2 Kings 22:14) [good]
  • Noadiah (Neh 6:14) [bad]

The four "children" of the Book of Daniel:—

  • Daniel [alone]
  • Shadrach [together]
  • Meshach [together]
  • Abednego [together]

The four in the furnace:

  • Shadrach [human]
  • Meshach [human]
  • Abednego [human]
  • The son of God, Spiritual.*
* There is no article. It is literally "a son of God," i.e. an angel.
The four kings named in Daniel:—
  • Nebuchadnezzar (1-4) [the first of Babylon]
  • Belshazzar (5) [the last of Babylon]
  • Darius (6) "the Median" (5:31)
  • Cyrus (6:28, 10:1) "the Persian"

The four women in the Lord's genealogy (Matt 1):—

  • Thamar (Gen 38:27, &c.; Matt 1:3)
  • Rahab (Ruth 4:20; Matt 1:5)
  • Ruth (Ruth 4:13,14; Matt 1:5)
  • Wife of Uriah (2 Sam 12:24; Matt 1:6)

Four names of Satan in Revelation 20:2:—

  • The Dragon [rebellious and apostate]
  • The Old Serpent [seductive]
  • The Devil [accusing]
  • Satan [personal]

The four-fold witness to show Nature's inability to find wisdom (Job 28:7,8):—

  • The fowl.
  • The vulture's eye.
  • The lion's whelps.
  • The fierce lion.

Four things "little and wise" (Prov 30:24-28):—

  • The ant.
  • The coney.
  • The locust.
  • The spider.

The brazen altar which displayed the Divine judgment is four sided, and had four horns. So with the golden altar.

The camp was four-square.

The rainbow, which has special reference to the earth and its judgment, is mentioned four times,—twice in the Old Testament (Gen 9 and Eze 1:28) and twice in the New Testament (Rev 4:3, 10:1).

The fulness of material blessing in the earth is described in Isaiah 60:17:—

  • For brass I will bring gold.
  • For iron I will bring silver.
  • For wood I will bring brass.
  • For stones I will bring iron.

The sphere of suffering is four-fold in 2 Corinthians 4:8, 9:—

  • Troubled, but not distressed.
  • Perplexed, but not in despair.
  • Persecuted, but not forsaken.
  • Cast down, but not destroyed.

The prophecy of Zechariah which has special reference to the earth:—

  • In Chapter 1 we have the four horns or Gentile powers, and the four carpenters to fray them.
  • In chapter 4 we have the four chariots with horses of four colours, signifying the spirits of the heavens acting for God in the midst of the four Gentile powers.

This is too large a subject to enter on here, but it is most significant that we get the number four in its concentrated form in connection with q#&em@ed@a, DAMASCUS, which is the oldest city in the world. The number of its name is 444: thus—

d = 4 444
m = 40
# = 300
q = 100

The name occurs 39 times, i.e., 3 x 13, for the significance of which see under the number 13.

partake also the same significance. We give a few from the commencement of the alphabet, and a careful study of them and others will bring out much interesting and instructive information:

  • hdb) (aveh-dah), "lost thing," Exo 22:9; Lev 6:3,4; Deut 22:3
  • hbg (gah-vah), "high-look or proud," Psa 101:5; Prov 16:5; Eccl 7:8; Eze 31:3
  • hng (gin-nah), "garden," Esth 1:5, 7:7,8; Song 6:11
  • lgd (dah-gal), "banners," Psa 20:6; Song 5:10, 6:4,10
  • Kd (dack), "oppressed or afflicted," Psa 9:9, 10:18, 74:21; Prov 26:28
  • hbrx (chah-rah-vah), "dry land," 8 times (2x4)
  • #rx (cheh-resh), "craftsmen," Josh 2:1 ("secretly," i.e. as craftsmen), 1 Chron 4:14, marg.; Neh 11:35; Isa 3:3 ("cunning")
  • trk#m (mas-koh-reth), "wages," Gen 19:15, 31:7,41; "reward," Ruth 2:12.*

    * But "gift" occurs five times.

  • xsn (nah-sach), "plucked," Deut 28:63; "pluck," Psa 52:7; "rooted out," Prov 2:22; "destroy," 15:25
  • rcn (neh-tzer), "branch," Isa 11:1, 14:19, 60:21; Dan 11:7
  • )#n (nah-shah), "to be in debt," 1 Sam 22:2; Neh 5:7; Psa 89:22; Isa 24:2

  • agnoia (agnoia), "ignorance," Acts 3:17, 17:30; Eph 4:18; 1 Peter 1:14
  • agrupnew (agrupneo), "watch," Mark 13:33; Luke 21:36; Eph 6:18; Heb 13:17
  • aition (aition), "fault," Luke 23:4,14,22; Acts 19:40
  • amnoV (amnos), "Lamb," John 1:29,36; Acts 8:32; 1 Peter 1:19
  • anqoV (anthos), "flower," James 1:10,11; 1 Peter 1:24 (twice)
  • asthr (asteer), "star," 24 times (4x6)*

    * The two words together 28 times (4x7).

  • astron (astron), star," Luke 21:25; Acts 7:43, 27:20; Heb 11:12*
  • apostolh (apostolee), "apostleship," Acts 1:25; Rom 1:5; 1 Cor 9:2; Gal 2:8

Four times "Eve" mentioned in the Bible by name:—

  • Genesis 3:20
  • Genesis 4:1
  • 2 Corinthians 11:3
  • 1 Timothy 2:13

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Sew a Book Sleeve

Hello Everyone

As well as making things I also love to read.  I hate it when I carry my book in my bag and the front cover gets damaged and pages get creased.  I have come up with a super easy pattern for a book sleeve.  This project is suitable for beginner sewers and also makes an easy project for kids to have a go at.

Screen Shot 2018-10-10 at 14.13.38

Find the video on how too make your book sleeve here –

I love seeing your makes so don’t forget to tag me in them on Instagram @Lexie_Loves_Stitching

Happy Sewing!

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A 2017 Review

Hello Everybody and HAPPY NEW YEAR!!!!

I hope everyone managed to get through the Christmas period ok.  I know Christmas can be a hard time for a lot of people.  As I’ve not written a blog for aaaages, I thought that I would start 2018’s with a review of the past year and what a year its been!!

The highlight of my year defiantly has to be Crochet Beginners Group (  Not only have we reached over 81k members (crazy to think it started with 4 people!) but we managed to raise over £700 in memory of Jenny Mackin for The Brain Tumour Charity.  Jenny (who was just 19 when she passed away) and her Mum, Amanda started Little box of Crochet together a few years ago.  Sadly, earlier this year, Jenny passed away of a brain tumour.  We wanted to raise some money in her memory and to show our support to her Mum Amanda so held a charity raffle.  It was AMAZING and shows just what a fantastic community that us crocheters belong too. We thought that we would raise about £200 not £700!!! Thank you to everyone who gave so generously.

The second highlight of 2017 was my trip to Disney World in Orlando.  It really was a dream come true trip of a life time and it was the best 2 weeks ever!!  Not only because I got to hang out at Magic Kingdom with the big mouse himself but I got to experience the magic that is Joanns!!! No words can describe the size of their yarn stash!!  Below is a small amount of what I bought home with me!

In August I started blogging for TB Ramsden (, which was a dream come true!  They are the company behind Wendy, Robin and Peter Pan Yarns.  I would never have thought that when I started my crochet escapades that I would end up blogging for anyone.  Things like that never happen to little old me!  The people at TB Ramsdens are the most generous and lovely people ever and getting to try all their lovely yarns has been fab so a huge thank you to you guys.

I spent a lovely Christmas in Ireland with my family.  I don’t do flying too well especially on Ryanair ha ha!! But I made it there and back ok. News Years Eve was spent at work in the medium secure unit that I am so privileged to work in.  It reaffirmed my passion for helping and supporting others recovery in Mental Health and I know I am doing the right thing by being back at University.

So what for 2018??  I am currently working on a blanket for Megan,  I start placement in a few weeks with the community team based in Swindon (8 weeks of living in Travelodge, how lovely for me), which means lots of crochet and blogging time on an evening!  Im going to Disney Land Paris in July (EEEEEK) and back to Ireland in the summer too!

I hope everyone has a magical 2018, that all your crochet wishes come true and most of all, that you are happy.

Lots of love

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Super Easy Crochet Slippers

Hello everybody and welcome back to my blog!  In this weeks Easy Crochet series we are going to be making some Super Easy Crochet Slippers.  Using a large hook and super chunky yarn means that these beauties will work up in no time at all.  The pattern below is for Adult size 4/5.  If you need a bigger size, simply use a 12mm hook instead of a 10mm.  These would make a lovely Christmas present or (if you’re like me), you can’t bare to part with your makes, they will keep your feet lovely and toasty through those cold winter months.  This pattern uses UK terminology.  So, grab a cup of tea, get into your favourite crochet spot and lets get started!

  • 100 gram Skein of Robin Paintbox Splash Super Chunky
  • 10 mm (size N) Crochet Hook
  • Yarn Needle
  • Scissors
  • Pom pom Maker (Optional)

To start – Chain (ch) 16

 Round 1 – Half treble crochet (htc) in the 3rd chain from the hook (the two skipped chains do not count as a hdc, these are purely to give you length in your yarn to allow your first htc), 1 htc in the next 12 stitches , 3 htc in last chain space, turn and work the following stitches back around the other side of your chain, 1 htc in the next 12 stitches, 2 htc in next chain, slip stitch (sl st) to join to your first htc (make sure that you don’t sl st to the 2 chain spaces that you skipped at the very start of the round).  At the end of this round you should have 30 htc.

Round 2 – Chain 2 (this counts as 1 htc), htc into the same stitch as you chained from, 1 htc into the next 7 stitches, 1 treble stitch (tr) into the next 5 stitches, 2 tr into the next stitch, 3 tr into your next stitch, 2 tr in next stitch, 1 tr into the next 5 stitches , 1 htc into the next 7 stitches, 2 htc into each of next 2 stitches, sl st to join.

Round 3 –  Ch 1, working in back loops only, double crochet (dc) in each stitch all the way around, sl st to join.

Round 4 – Ch 1, dc into the same stitch, 1 dc into the next 12 stitches, double crochet 2 together (dc2tog), treble crochet 2 together (tc2tog) 4 times,  dc2tog, double crochet into the next 13 stitches, sl st to join.

Round 5 – Ch 1, starting in same stitch, dc2tog, 1 double crochet into the next 9 stitches, dc2tog,  tc2tog 2 times, dc2tog, 1 double crochet into the next 9 stitches, dc2tog, sl st to join.

Round 6 – Ch 1, dc into the same stitch, 1 double crochet into the next 9 stitches, dc2tog, tc2tog, dc2tog, 1 double crochet into the next 10 stitches, sl st to join. Finish off and weave in your ends (yes its tedious but so necessary!).  Give yourself a huge cheer!!!! You have finished your slipper!  Now repeat all these steps in exactly the same way to create your second slipper.

For that little extra touch why not add a pom pom to the front of your slippers.

If you want to make the soles of your slippers less slippy than you can always add some Sock Stop to the sole.  Simply dot on and then leave to dry overnight!

I hope that you enjoy this tutorial.  If you have any questions or problems then please do not hesitate to contact me using the contact form!

Happy Crocheting!

Alexandra xxxxx

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5 bodies found in Mexico believed to be missing police

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MEXICO CITY — Authorities in the western Mexico state of Michoacan say they have found the bodies of five men in an abandoned pickup.

Local media report that officials believe the dead men to be five police officers from the town of Tuzantla who have been missing since last week.

The state prosecutor’s office said in a statement Monday that it i investigating the truck and bodies found in the Zitacuaro municipality, about 100 miles west of Mexico City. It says the bodies all had apparent bullet wounds.

The truck had been reported stolen in neighbouring Mexico state in January.

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The Age of Evergreen Web Browsers

Less Worry About Cross Browser Support!

The toughest question a developer always has to face during and after developing a website is “Does it work in all the browsers?”. More often than not most websites are built with a few hacks to make them work in all the browsers, especially the big four and in some cases, it’s important to mention on the website that older browsers are not supported. In the near future (which has already started now), this will no longer be an issue because of the rise of evergreen web browsers!

So what is an evergreen web browser? This is a web browser that automatically updates itself to the latest stable version without any human intervention. Yep, that’s it. It’s that simple. Firefox, Chrome, Safari and IE10 browsers all have the ability to update themselves. Let’s consider the Chrome browser. If you use Chrome, chances are, you don’t even know what version you’re running. That’s because Chrome (and Firefox, Safari and IE10) is an Evergreen Browser. That means it always keeps itself up to date with the latest stable release. You don’t need to do anything to make that happen.

This development significantly changes front-end web development. Essentially, it means that when targeting Evergreen Browsers, you can be pretty confident that if your code runs on your browser, it’s going to run on your customer’s browser too. This means that it no longer becomes important to inject conditional code based on “user agent sniffing” code or other mechanisms of determining a browser’s version. Instead, use feature detection…or just use a polyfill for whatever feature you want. Then, when the browser updates itself the native implementation will take over in place of your shim code.

Now I must admit that we are still quite afar from from achieving ‘nirvana’ as far as this issue is concerned, as a browser like Chrome updates itself on average once a month, while on the other extreme side a browser like IE, updates itself much less frequently . . .at worst, once a year. However with the introduction of the Microsoft Edge browser, this update frequency issue has received the much needed attention. Hence as Microsoft Edge gets rolled out around the world in the next year or two we should see Microsoft becoming less of a headache for developers around the world

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Cookie Policy

Cookie Policy

Hayward Main Street Gourmet Popcorn
10546 Main Street
Hayward, WI  54843
(715) 934-8444

What are cookies?

Cookies are small text files that web sites often store on the computer hard drives of visitors to their sites. They are widely used in order to make web sites work, or work better, as well as to provide information to the owners of the site. A cookie often contains a unique number, which can be used to recognize your computer when a user of your computer returns to a website that it visited previously.

How does our site use cookies?

We use cookies to enhance the online experience of our visitors and to better understand how our sites are used. Cookies may tell us, for example, whether you have visited our site before or whether you are a new visitor.

Types of cookies

There are two broad types of cookies - 'first party cookies' and 'third party cookies':
First party cookies are cookies that are served directly by the website operator to your computer, and are often used to recognize your computer when it revisits that site and to remember your preferences as you browse the site.
Third party cookies are served by a service provider on behalf of the website operator, and can be used by the service provider to recognize your computer when it visits other web sites. Third party cookies are most commonly used for web site analytics or advertising purposes.
In addition, cookies may be either 'session cookies' or 'persistent cookies'. Your computer automatically removes session cookies once you close your browser. Persistent cookies will survive on your computer until an expiry date specified in the cookie itself, is reached.

Cookie categories

We use the categorization set out by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) in their UK Cookie Guide, produced in April 2012. The guide is available to download in PDF format (290KB).

The guide identifies four categories of cookies, outlined below:
Strictly necessary cookies:
These cookies are essential for the user to move around the website and to use its features, e.g. shopping baskets and e-billing.

Performance cookies:

These cookies collect information about how the user makes use of the site, e.g. which pages the user visits most. These cookies do not collect information that identifies the user.

Functionality cookies:

These cookies remember choices made by the user and enhance the features, e.g. language or users location. This cookie is also used to remember a user's preferences for a font size, or customizable parts of a web page.

Targeting or advertising cookies:

These cookies collect information about the users' browsing habits. This may also include links to social media sites, e.g. Facebook, etc. The vast majority of Cancer Research UK web sites use only category 1 and 2 cookies, apart from three web sites which uses all four cookie categories. See the following table for a list of our web sites and the cookie categories used on each of the sites.

Cookies in use on our web sites

The following table lists the category of cookie served when using our website:
Page              Category 1   Category 2   Category 3   Category 4
All Pages            YES               YES                YES
Select Pages      YES               YES                YES               YES
Shopping Cart     YES               YES                YES               YES
Log In                 YES               YES                YES
Back Office         YES               YES                YES

Your rights

You have the right to choose whether to accept these cookies. You can exercise this right by amending or setting the controls on your browser to reflect your cookie preferences.
However, please note that if you choose to refuse cookies you may not be able to use the full functionality of this website.

Changing your cookie preferences

The "Help" menu in the toolbar of most web browsers will tell you how to change your browser's cookie settings, including how to have the browser notify you when you receive a new cookie, and how to disable cookies altogether.
An online guide is available if you have difficulties trying to change your browser settings.

Additional references

Further information about cookies and how to control their use is available from All About Cookies and Your Online Choices.

Hayward Main Street Gourmet Popcorn
10546 Main Street
Hayward, WI  54843
(715) 934-8444


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Answered By: MMU Library Services 2
Last Updated: Oct 18, 2017     Views: 305

If you are a current student or member of staff at a university that is a member of the SCONUL Access scheme. You have reference access to the Library during helpdesk opening hours.

In addition, current university students and staff other than full time undergraduates may apply for lending rights via the SCONUL web site.

What to bring with you

You will need to bring a current university ID card displaying an expiry date. If your card does not have an expiry date, you will need to apply for SCONUL reference approval via the SCONUL web site and bring an emailed authorisation as proof of your expiry date alongside your ID card.

What services are available

We offer Wi-Fi via the Eduroam service and access to some electronic resources via the walk in access scheme. Please note that PC access for use of the internet and software applications is not offered. For more information on accessing eResources please visit the Walk in Access pages

Current university students and staff (apart from full-time undergraduates) may apply for limited borrowing rights via the SCONUL web site. Applications are checked by the requestor's own university. Approved applicants should bring their authorisation email, their university ID card and a passport photo.

As the Library’s focus is to provide services for Manchester Metropolitan University students and staff, visitors from other institutions may have their access restricted at key times of year. Please check the Library website news section for details of any current restrictions.


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Skip to main content

New Printer on HSLIC's 3rd Floor

by Tim Mey on 2019-01-24T11:31:00-07:00 | Comments

UNM Printer Kiosk

HSLIC has added a WEPA printer kiosk on the third floor of the library. For your convenience while studying in the library, the new printer is located in the lobby area outside of our third floor group study rooms. We encourage you to take advantage of the WEPA cloud service which allows you to print from your own computer or mobile device.

For more information about printing in the library, check out HSLIC's FAQ on the subject.

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Human behavior flows out of three main sources: Desire, Emotion and Knowledge” – said once by the great laureate Plato.

Herein the gravity and relativity of the statement is because of this word – Human Behavior. Human behavior is inevitably salient to any society. It determines the mood, the structure of development, crime rate, et al in there. But then how do we scrutinize it in the backdrop of women? If human behavior is contingent upon desire, emotion or knowledge, how real are the parameters in the women’s world. Do we need feminism?

Desire – Should Women Bother To Have One?

Let’s start with desire! I, Charvi, have always had this incessant desire to walk by the beach, alone, where tranquility blends with the serenity of the full moon only to help me reflect upon my life, relish self-indulgence. But what are the odds of actual execution? I guess less than 30 percent. For I would be pulled back by fear of getting raped, abducted, trafficked and God knows what not!

A walk by the beach is a grain of a problem in the ocean of impediments. How free are women to pursue their desire? For it’s our desires and decisions, successively that determine our role in the society. More grievous and ubiquitous case in India, at least, is that of disallowing a woman to marry at an age she desires to. Other such examples being that of sabotaging desires to education, higher education, education of desired subjects and of all, practice an occupation desired for. It is true, nonetheless, that not all humans are free to pursue their desires. Men often have their own inhibitions too. But somehow, on quantification of these inhibitions we realized that the inhibitions of women outweigh that of men. Moreover the patriarchal setup allowing men to enunciate women’s desires is all the more infuriating. Does it propel the need for feminism?

And this is the problem. How can it be solved?

It’s time we give back fundamental rights of women to them; without enwrapping it in any sort of social Ponzi scheme. Ownership of their lives needs to be put back in their own hands. That doesn’t just limit to delineation of policies wherein under the administration allows women to exercise their rights, but also establishment of a mechanism wherein under women are facilitated an access to the same. To elucidate, let’s consider the case of education for women. It’s not for the government to simply allow girl child education, but they also need to set up schools within the reachable limits of the girls for the purpose.  That is on the government’s part. On our part, as a society, we need to relax the stringent social norms governing the mobility of women/girls. The effort has to be a combination of administrative assistance to social efforts.

Do We Need Feminism?

Quickly moving over to my next contention. The mother of the havoc here is discrimination. Identification of discrimination is of principle importance here. Often in our day-to-day lives we miss to notice small actions which are actually discriminatory in nature. Those are the seeds to the fruition of absence of gender neutrality. We need to step out of our current socially conditioned minds, look at men and women objectively without any bias and analyze. On analysis, one would realize that women are treated entirely differently from men in identical situations. Such surmise by the society is astounding as much as irrational.

“Identification of discrimination”, “gender neutrality”… Big, vital words, however not knocking in a lot of sense? I will take the liberty to use exemplification to my rescue, best tool available to mankind to put a point across!

A woman is given six months of maternity leave upon conceiving and for delivering a baby. However, a man is not allowed leave for more than a month on becoming a father. Such practice, very subtle though, perpetuates the idea that rearing a child is intrinsically a woman’s job and a man observes minimal participation. It further foists the concept of – home being the realm of the women over her workplace thereby confirming the roles that society has imposed upon men and women. This set up disallows the freedom to exercise choices. Do we really need feminism to turn things around?

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To conclude, we’d say we desire to propagate equality of sexes/genders and not feminism. Although, we use the word feminism in the light of the disadvantaged position that women hold in real. When one speaks of equality, one mustn’t overlook intelligible differentia. The disadvantaged(women) has to be brought up to the level of the advantaged(men) first, and it’s after that the neutral practices should be unleashed upon the sexes, and hence the privileges and the reservation. Feminism is a stride to attain the juxtaposition with men in order to achieve gender neutrality. It needs to be understood that the role of women cannot be negotiated, neither should that of men. And hence a woman’s role has to confine to whatever she wants it to be without a set of fixed norms governing the same.

This article is written by Charvi Rajput with Palashi Vaghela, who is an engineer in Information Communication & Technology and  aspires to research in the field of science, technology and society. After a stint at Delloite as an analyst, she’s currently working with a Delhi based NGO named ‘Feminist Approach towards Technology’. She calls herself a curious little soul scurrying around for answers.

Want to share your voice & opinion about the things happening around you or about the changes you want to bring towards a better society? Your voice is important. Click here to share your voice.


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Webapp Text to ASCII converts plain text into its ASCII equivalent - meaning it can obscure your email address or other private data from automated spambots online. This isn't a foolproof method, as spambots can be programmed to decode ASCII, however, a good majority of them aren't. Go ahead and check out Text to ASCII's capabilities — this entire post is written in ASCII. View the source code and verify! The next time you want to leave your email address in a web form, head over to Text to ASCII, convert your email address to ASCII and you'll be good to go.

Text to ASCII [Get Your Website Here via Mokona Modoki]


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People & Inspiration

In Focus: Things That Happen When You're The Only K-Pop Fan In Your Squad

In Focus: Things That Happen When You're The Only K-Pop Fan In Your Squad

While K-pop is widely popular now more than ever, we have to admit that it's still not everyone's cup of tea. Its trending status sadly doesn't mean that everyone in your squad can finally relate to your fangirling feels. If you're the only one in your squad who's stanning hard on these Korean stars, then you probably find yourself in a lot of situations where literally nobody gets you. Here are the things that you go through if you're the only K-pop fan in your barkada:

1. You're not allowed to play music in the car.

When you're on a road trip, they never allow you to plug your phone into the stereo because they know that you'll only play K-pop music. They enjoy listening to "Despacito," but why can't they get on board with you singing songs in Korean? Unfair, right?

2. You don't have anyone to go with during K-pop events.

When a K-pop event happens near you, you don't have anyone to go with because your friends will never spend a cent to join you. It feels lonely at times, but fortunately, you find new friends in your fellow K-pop fans as soon as you meet them!

3. They think every K-pop idol look the same.

People often ask you, "Aren't they the same people?" No, they're not! If only they'd pay closer attention, they'd know that each idol in a group can stand out on their own! Just because they have chinky eyes and the same poreless complexion doesn't mean you can dismissively say, "Pare-pareho lang naman sila eh."

4. You're the only one who has an "Asian" preference.

While they're all drooling over Cole Sprouse or Daniel Padilla, you prefer the chinito type which reminds you of your bias! They may tell you that your type looks a little too feminine for anyone's taste, but you know better that these Korean guys can be actual hotties in their own right, too!

5. They immediately associate every Korean to you.

There's really nothing wrong with that; it's just that they think that you're interested in every Korean in the world. Sometimes, they'd tell you that they have a Korean classmate just to see how you're going to react. No, it's not always going to be a big deal, people. Get over it.

6. They think you can speak Korean fluently.

Yes, you do know basic words like oppa and saranghaeyo. But no, you can't translate everything in that skincare packaging for them. Don't they know there's a reason why you still watch your favorite K-pop group's interview with subs?

7. They assume you don't listen to other genres.

You may prefer K-pop songs above everything else, but you don't live under a rock. You still enjoy other genres and can name the latest song on the radio just like the next person.

But even though you're the isolated case in your group, you're still thankful for your friends who, at the end of the day, will still support your undying love for your K-pop faves. Can you relate? Let us know what it's like to be a die-hard K-pop fan in the comments below!

ALSO READ: The Six Fix: Things Every Fan Does For The Love Of EXO

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Archive for the ‘Dolly’ Category

Recently this blog has been about such sad events, that to lift our spirits and coincide with spring introducing new life I am celebrating some wonderful and positive news about my girls! Health, friendship, a new coop and a Smallholder magazine covergirl!

My ten girls are all healthy and happy and enjoying the spring sunshine. Seeing them stretching out those newly feathered wings in glorious delight to catch the sun’s springtime warmth makes you truly appreciate that every day free ranging is a blessing and we must cherish every moment, just as our girls do.

Flavia and Eliza are now pretty much fully integrated with the Big Girls – Bunty Goodchicken was even cleaning Flavia’s beak tonight, bless her gentle soul. All eight girls are spending their first night together in Henderlay this evening and are currently tucked up together in perfect harmony! An early start in the morning to check on them though!

Effie and Eleanor are having a new deluxe, ex-batt-specific prototype coop delivered next week. We are all terribly excited. The lovely people at Oakdene Coops have developed a recycled plastic coop especially for ex-batts and have asked us to give them our thoughts on it. Effie and Eleanor are looking forward to trying it out and giving me their opinions! Personally I think if anyone cares enough to develop a coop especially for these precious girls then it is going to be a stunner. Watch this space…

Effie and Eleanor freeranging

People who have chickens are truly amazing and by the power of the internet and social media we are able to ‘speak’ to and connect with fellow chicken lovers across the globe. These people become friends and confidantes as they are privy to our thoughts and feelings, often much more so than people we interact with daily in the real world. Sometimes we are lucky enough to encounter our online friends in the flesh so it was wonderful to meet the lovely Jan and her family today. Meeting people you have talked to online is always like catching up with old friends – you have already shared so much – and like any proud parent I am always delighted to show off my girls. Jan was kind enough to bring me two beautiful cards with chickens on – as a fellow chicken lover she knew how much I would appreciate them! Next week, another online chicken chum, Paula, is heading down to Cornwall and I am looking forward to more chicken chat and yes…showing off my girls again!!

And finally but most certainly not least, Bunty Goodchicken’s fame is spreading far and wide. Never was there a more deserving chicken – the kindest, sweetest, bravest girl I have ever encountered. She is the May covergirl for Smallholder magazine, an exciting event for us both. Her picture graces the front cover and my article – on how amazing ex-batts are and why everyone should have them – is featured. It is almost impossible to explain how important this is to us all. Promoting ex-batts has become a life mission for me; helping these victims of the intensive farming system is the most important thing I have ever done. Writing has also been a lifelong passion of mine and to have an article published in Smallholder magazine is totally thrilling. Smallholder is my favourite magazine, it has a fabulous poultry section and I read it from cover to cover each month; it is chock full of useful and informative articles and I am honoured to have written something for them. The article is also illustrated with many photos of my girls, including the adorable Effie, as well as Bunty’s covergirl shot:

Bunty Goodchicken in her covergirl shot

So just as day follows night and spring follows winter, from the ashes of sadness and loss, new, tender joyful beginnings emerge. We are celebrating all that is new, alive and exciting whilst still holding those dear departed close to our hearts.

Read Full Post »

Friday was the worst of days. We lost two of our beautiful girls in very different but equally heart-breaking circumstances. As each girl is so precious and deserves equal love and remembrance, first I shall write about Dolly Chicken and the following day about Brigit Chicken – both now angels flying high and free in Henven.

Miss Dolly Chicken – rescued 26th August 2011, went to sleep 23rd March 2012

I met Dolly and her sister Daisy on my first hen rescue day. It is hard to pick out special girls in a barn full of beautiful girls but first I fell over (literally – she has a thing for feet) Daisy and then her equally scrawny and featherless wingwoman Dolly. Both girls came home with me to join the B and C girls. They had their own coop to start with but were integrated fairly quickly.

Dolly Chicken soon after rehoming

Dolly (named after Gary’s great-aunt Dorothy and therefore very precious) was the scrawniest girl I have ever met, she looked pitiful but was such a sweet girl and became bottom hen without fuss. I think she was just grateful to be free. She fitted in well with the other hens, Bunty Goodchicken took her under her gentle wings and tucked her and Daisy up in the big nest box between herself and chum CocoChanel every night.

She was a great ambassador, raising awareness for her caged sisters. Her ‘before’ picture was used in posters advertising the massive hen rehoming in Cornwall before Xmas. She inspired hundreds of people to rehome battery hens, I am so very proud of her.

From the start though, Dolly had egg problems. Every other day she became quite unwell trying to lay an egg. Usually two soft shelled eggs came out in quick succession. She had warm baths and Zolcal D to try and ease the eggs through – holding her damp and frail, featherless body wrapped up in a warm towel was one of life’s gentle moments.

Bathing Beauty

It was then I started to look into a superlorin implant and spoke to the vets about it. They researched it and implanted Dolly a few days later. If we ever needed proof of the bravery of these beautiful ex-battery girls, it was Dolly’s stoical response to having a needle almost the width of her leg injected into her. I was concerned she would suffer the ill effects of the implant – a small moult for example – but as soon as she arrived home, Dolly tucked into her Brave Girl’s Special Breakfast before rushing out to play with her sisters. And she never looked back…

The difference was nothing short of amazing. If ever you needed visual proof of the demands on a hen’s body egg laying causes then comparing the egg laying Daisy with egg free Dolly would be it. Daisy remained scrawny and featherless whilst Dolly grew a magnificent set of feathers almost overnight and became the picture of health. I have never seen such fluffy knickers, she was truly stunning. She was in such good health though she took it upon herself to terrorise the new E girls and was a complete minx! It saddens me greatly that in the last month I spent much of my time telling her off for picking on the new girls. Had I known she was not long for this world I would have picked her up and never let her go.

Look at our beautiful girl now!!

She was however a very happy girl almost to the end. Always first across the garden to greet me. Always first to demand treats. We had a little routine Dol and I, dating back to her first days in with the Big Girls…all the big girls went to bed in Henderlay, lured in by corn. Dol used to take herself off to bed almost straight away so I used to pop a couple of worms through the back door of the coop just for her. This carried on even when she was confident with the big girls. It was our secret so she knew she was still my Special Girl.

On Thursday Dolly looked a little unwell; on closer inspection I found the remains of a soft shell in her vent which I removed. She took herself off to bed and the next morning I found her dead. Just like that. No real warning signs. Nothing. The shock makes it worse I think. What did I miss? What could I have done differently? But as my lovely friend Diana says, it is hard to mend the scars inside which we don’t see. Maybe Dolly was suffering from her time in the cage and maybe her implant had just put off the inevitable. It did however give her a wonderful life as a free range girl and I hope she knew just how very much we loved her.

Fly high and free little Dolly Daydream. Seven months with you was nowhere near enough darling girl.

RIP angel xxxxxxxx

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LigoWave & SOCIFI Creating a Foundation for Wi-Fi

LigoWave and SOCIFI and have developed a solution to provide a 1-step approach for customers to create a new revenue stream and be a part of this next generation of Wi-Fi communication.

LigoWave’s full-featured, low-cost Wi-Fi access points allow a 3-click setup to enable SOCIFI; it’s that simple to get started! With a variety of indoor & outdoor models, free remote management system (WNMS) and a 2-year warranty, LigoWave has the Wi-Fi device requirements covered. And SOCIFI has a complete solution to monetize those networks and at the same time enhance the customer experience on the Wi-Fi network.

Sponsored Data is the future of the Publisher-Customer-Brand relationship.

Wi-Fi is the decision point for many consumers, and an enhanced Wi-Fi user experience can be instrumental in the network provider decision process. Through mutual cooperation, SOCIFI and LigoWave offer location-based analytics, provide key metrics about users and most importantly, will differentiate customer’s networks from the mundane. SOCIFI is the only platform of its kind that has an integration with FEMA IPAWS to deliver emergency messaging in a closed environment. Be socially responsible and help protect public safety.

It’s important to prepare now for the Mobile Data Tsunami. Sponsored data is going to change the way things are done in the future and this is one example of how a centrally managed platform can provide some significant growth opportunities.

  • The customer experience is the foundation of the business model
  • Precise targeting & high click-through rates are the foundation for advertising which is important to the consumer and they rely on it because it is based on their interests.

This means that more people are using these networks and:

    • Creating more ad revenue
    • Driving up the amount of analytical data
    • Resulting in more accuracy and more value

These results drive business decisions, increase sales revenue and have a direct impact on the business’ bottom line.

Customer Loyalty Benefits
When the consumer has a choice, it’s important that they chose the provider with the best experience. The impact of Wi-Fi service extends well beyond the monetary advertisement benefits. The general ability to provide an enhanced and uninterrupted Wi-Fi service to consumers is important for developing new business. Customer loyalty and new revenue can all directly relate to the Wi-Fi experience. The increase in loyalty drives sales and repeat customers can be identified and tracked as KPIs.

Expanding Brand Awareness
Expansion of the customer base drives brand awareness and further develops this greater following of loyal customers. The smart consumer is always looking for the solution they like best, not the lowest cost. Value services are a key component in meeting customer expectations. For example, as mobile service requirements continue to grow, so will the demand for connectivity. Companies who embrace this philosophy are leaders in the market and experience large improvements in sales and revenue.

To get started with this exciting new concept contact LigoWave and SOCIFI!

Bill Brown – Vice President of Sales

Zdenek Hornych – CEO

Check out how easy it is to get most of your LigoWave with SOCIFI.

Learn more


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Hi folks! Something a little different today… The Orang-utan Librarian is celebrating 900 followers with a reverse Q&A! What a great idea in getting everyone involved! If you haven’t heard of The Orangutan Librarian yet then as always, head on over… Fantastic book reviews and some pretty thought provoking discussion posts, plus a ton of fun!

Here! Have some candy!

What are you most excited for right now?

This very moment? [insert long thinking pause] Yeah, that’s a bad sign when I can’t think of anything that I’m excited about… Obvious answer here would be Christmas and all the seasonal festivities stuff, but I don’t really do Christmas. Bah humbug! Taking it back to basics, I think I’m excited to be at work, I had a pretty shit morning so it’s nice to be away from everything for now and after I procrastinate with this post I shall be a really hard worker indeed!

Waffles or donuts?

I love donuts! I could eat them all day… nice, oily, round, sugared, with jam… oh bring it on! Too bad they’re not the healthiest so I haven’t had a donut for over a month now, but I was a devil for eating 2 a day!

My sister used to make really good waffles, we had this old Russian-time waffle maker and I know Donna @ Chocolateandwaffles is such a good ambassador for waffles that I have at times found myself dreaming of a decent waffle-session! 🙂

If I was to say “home” what’s the first book that comes to mind?

The Moomin book by Tove Jansson.

What type of undead creature would you be and why? (aka vampire/ghost/whight/phantom/reincarnated squirrel…)

Ah, cool question! I would actually be a vampire and I would have my very own very gothic castle. Also, immortality- the things I’d do with all of my time and powers! I would have a decent cape and basically.. being a vampire calls out the goth in me.

What famous person would you most like to play poker with? Would you win?

Fabulous question! Because poker is better with more than two people, I would like to play with:

  • Conor McGregor- he’d be the jokester in the table. Not sure I would win because he’s good with strategies in his fights and he has his head screwed on… but just to play with him would be fun and I wouldn’t mind losing to him.
  • Guy Martin- I think I would win over him because all he knows is bikes and truck engines but he’s such a fascinating person and so inspiring that I would love to bathe in his energy!
  • Ozzy Osbourne- I would definitely win. Let’s face it- he’s in the golden years now and he can’t even take a straight picture with a phone but I would love to meet him and exchange dialogue!

What is/would be the best version of monopoly?

I have never played monopoly. I only have a vague idea how it works, but if there was a theme that I could choose to play monopoly on then it would be something around the music industry. I’d buy all the metal record labels and put pop music to jail… is this how it works? 😀

What’s your favourite thing about winter?

Oh man! I love winter. I love the quiet winter nights when snow is slowly falling and I equally love the stormy nights. The feeling when you go back indoors after being spent hours outside in the cold is just fabulous- for some reason you smell so fresh, your skin beings to tingle and is red. I love it…

One of my favorite winter nights happened 6 years ago. I was visiting family back in Estonia, it was the 23rd of December. Around midnight I snuck out for a ‘walk’ (that’s what I told my folks because I hide my smoking from them) and I walked around the village, not a soul around. There was no wind, not even a breeze and the snowflakes that were falling were huge. I mean, proper huge and they were falling so slowly and thick. I think I stood on the spot for about an hour looking at the snow fall and listening. With no traffic, no dogs barking, no people about- the silence was not really a silence. I could literally hear snow fall! It’s like this very faint white noise, you know when you’re in between radio stations?! Very faint but so… I don’t know, I think I was in a trance or something!

Head on over to the Orang-utan Librarian blog, celebrate felloow bookblogger success and have fun answering the Q&A! 🙂


text:
to the wonderful world of art

Art washes away from the soul the dust of everyday life
— Pablo Picasso

Contact me...

If you would like to get ahold of me, I am only a phone call or email away! Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have questions or concerns.

PHONE: 404 838 8973

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Mobile Menu - OpenMobile Menu - Closed

Congresswoman Linda Sanchez

Representing the 38th District of CA

Rep. Linda Sanchez’ Statement on Bipartisan SGR Fix

March 26, 2015
Press Release

Washington, DC- Congresswoman Linda Sanchez issued the following statement after the House passed bipartisan legislation to reform the Medicare payment system:

“Today’s vote is proof that leaders on both sides of the aisle can come together to make tough decisions and pass meaningful legislation that helps our most vulnerable children, families, and seniors.

Our country’s community clinics, which provide affordable care to 7 million Americans, will receive $7.2 billion in funding under this agreement. Also included in today’s bill are provisions to fight fraud and abuse and a permanent extension of the program that pays Medicare premiums for low-income seniors

In the spirit of compromise, some difficult concessions had to be made in order to reach this agreement. I am concerned with restrictions that deny the use of federal funds to pay for family planning services at community centers. Ensuring women have the right to make decisions about their health is a priority for me and I am committed to fighting restrictions that curb those rights.

Despite my concerns, I know the reforms included in today’s legislation will prolong the life of Medicare, improve care, and ensure doctors get rewarded for quality, not quantity. It is a win for seniors, children and doctors who provide critical care to millions of Americans.”


text:
Secure Apache with Let’s Encrypt SSL on Ubuntu 18.04

How to Secure Apache with Let's Encrypt SSL on Ubuntu 18.04
How to Secure Apache with Let's Encrypt SSL on Ubuntu 18.04

Install Let’s Encrypt on Ubuntu

By using Let’s Encrypt you can get a free valid SSL certificate. Let’s Encrypt is the Certificate Authority (CA) which provides free SSL certificate. To get SSL certificate Certbot client is used which fetches and deploys SSL certificate on your server. In this tutorial, you are going to learn how to install Let’s Encrypt SSL on Ubuntu 18.04.

Before we begin

Let’s Encrypt certificate can only be requested from the server the domain is pointing to. Let’s Encrypt checks if the domain is pointed to the current server and if successful, it issues the certificate.

1. Before you start to install Let’s Encrypt SSL on Ubuntu 18.04 using the Certbot client. You must have the non-root user account on your server with sudo privileges.

2. Make it sure your domain is pointing to the current server.

1. Install Certbot Client

To install Certbot client you need to add PPA on the server then you will need to update the package manager index. After that, you will install the Certbot client.

Add PPA by typing following in the terminal

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:certbot/certbot

Update package manager index by typing following

sudo apt update

Now install Certbot client by executing following command

sudo apt install certbot

Confirm the installation by typing

certbot --version

2. Setting Up Firewall

If you have enabled UFW firewall then you need to adjust the settings to allow HTTPS traffic.

To check current status type following command

sudo ufw status
Status: active

To                         Action      From
--                         ------      ----
OpenSSH                    ALLOW       Anywhere
WWW                        ALLOW       Anywhere
OpenSSH (v6)               ALLOW       Anywhere (v6)
WWW (v6)                   ALLOW       Anywhere (v6)

Now to get HTTPS traffic in, you should add ‘WWW Full’ rule and delete ‘WWW’ rule which will become redundant.

sudo ufw allow 'WWW Full'
sudo ufw delete allow 'WWW'

Now the status should be:

Status: active

To                         Action      From
--                         ------      ----
OpenSSH                    ALLOW       Anywhere
WWW Full                   ALLOW       Anywhere
OpenSSH (v6)               ALLOW       Anywhere (v6)
WWW Full (v6)              ALLOW       Anywhere (v6)

3. Setting up Let’s Encrypt SSL on Apache

To set up on Apache we need to install the Certbot plugin for Apache which makes this process much easier.

sudo apt install python-certbot-apache

Let’s Encrypt do a strong domain validation for ownership of the domain. After successful verification, it issues the certificate. In below command replace example with your domain name

sudo certbot --apache -d -d

If you are first time installing certificate then Certbot will ask you to enter Email ID and agree terms and conditions.

After above step Certbot will ask you to configure HTTPS settings.

Please choose whether or not to redirect HTTP traffic to HTTPS, removing HTTP access.
1: No redirect - Make no further changes to the webserver configuration.
2: Redirect - Make all requests redirect to secure HTTPS access. Choose this for
new sites, or if you're confident your site works on HTTPS. You can undo this
change by editing your web server's configuration.
Select the appropriate number [1-2] then [enter] (press 'c' to cancel):

Select your choice and continue to next step.

4. Autorenewal For SSL Certificates

All of these Let’s Encrypt certificates are short-lived and expires after 90 days. So you will have to update these certificates before they expire by running the following command.

sudo certbot renew

You can automate this process by adding a cronjob. Enter the following command to open crontab

sudo crontab -e

Add following lines to end of the file. It will run the command twice a day and renews if the certificate is about to expire.

0 */12 * * * root test -x /usr/bin/certbot -a \! -d /run/systemd/system && perl -e 'sleep int(rand(43200))' && certbot -q renew

5. Installing Let’s Encrypt Wildcard Certificates

Let’s Encrypt now supports wildcard certificate using new ACME2 protocol. By using wildcard certificate \* like this, you can use one certificate for multiple sub-domains like,, etc. To install the wildcard certificate type following command.

sudo certbot certonly --manual -d * --agree-tos --no-bootstrap --manual-public-ip-logging-ok --preferred-challenges dns-01 --server

NOTE: Now you will see the message at center in output to add TXT record. So make DNS changes to your domain and add specific TXT record with given value inside output of above command

You have learned how to install Let’s Encrypt SSL on Ubuntu 18.04 by using Certbot. If you have any queries regarding this please don’t forget to comment below.

Please enter your comment!
Please enter your name here


text:
Steam, why is it down so much lately?

If you are a user of the gaming platform Steam on PC, Mac or Linux, you may have noticed that the service tends to go down #frequently in recent time.

Going down means that you will lose the connection to Steam, see your friends and contacts listed as 0, and cannot use any of the #services that require an online connection.

You can still enable offline mode and start to play single-player games, but every activity that requires you to be online, chatting with friends, trading, buying games, joining multi-player games, won’t work when Steam is down.

Since this is happening more frequently than in the past, it is time that we take a look at why this is happening.

The first problem that you run into when you try to analyze why Steam is down that much is that Valve has not made any announcement in this regard yet.

We do have access to a couple of statistics though that we can use to find out about it. While those may help us find a plausible cause for the downtime, it is not confirmed by Valve and until that happens, much of this article is guesswork.

The most likely explanation for Steam downtime

Down times are not anything new on Steam. If you ever participated in a sale you know that the site tends to go down once a new batch of games on sale are pushed to the store.

This is caused by too many users trying to access Steam or the store at the same time.

If we look at Steam’s growth in recent time, we notice that it made quite a jump in concurrent users and popularity.

At peak times, more than 7.4 million users are logged in on Steam at the same time which is an increase of roughly one million users compared to the year before, and about 10% of Steam’s overall active user base. Not all of those logged in users are playing games though.

The download bandwidth used page shows those peak times as well.

The first explanation for Steam’s downtime therefor suggests that the increase in users is causing Steam to go down more frequently during peak hours.

If you check Alexa, a company that measures the popularity of websites, you will notice that the Steampowered website made quite the jump in the last two years jumping to position 465 from 1600 of all websites.

steam peak download downtime

It is interesting to note though that the down times do not always correlate with the peak times as you can see on the graphs that Valve makes available on its website.

Yesterday however they coincided well with the peak playing time on Steam according to Steamdb. Downtime happened where player count dropped significantly.

If you check Steamcharts, a third-party site tracking Steam player numbers, you notice that Steam has been going down nearly every day in the past seven day period.

There are other possible explanations for Steam going down frequently in recent time. It could be a DDOS attack on the network that is causing Steam to become unavailable for a short period of time before it becomes available again.

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text:
Boost logo

Boost :

From: Borgerding, Mark A. (MarkAB_at_[hidden])
Date: 2000-02-10 18:27:36

Hash: SHA1

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Darin Adler [mailto:darin_at_[hidden]]
> Sent: Thursday, February 10, 2000 2:51 PM
> To: Boost
> Subject: [boost] Re: Compile time assertions
> Mark Borgerding:
> > Any shortcomings besides the misuse example in bar() above?
> It's a nice implementation, but I'm not sure it's better than
> the ones I
> presented. Here are a few shortcomings I noticed right away.

Thanks for the feedback. I appreciate the time you spent looking
things over.
It looks like my approach may have a problem or two with respect to
the requirements set forth. However, I still think it is more
portable and flexible than any of the previous solutions. The only
indisputable shortcoming is that it will pad the size of a structure
that contains it, but there are ways to work around that.

I really like the approach presented by Steve Cleary. It's a clever
idea to use contradictory typedefs to flag errors. However, it
sounds like the compiler support for this is still rather spotty.

I believe that the requirements are optimistic at best, at worst they
are completely unrealistic. The criteria sometimes contradict each
other. For example; the solution must be callable from anywhere in
the same way as assert, but without the aid of macros. I don't know
of any way
        class foo{
          POSTULATE(sizeof(char) == 1);
can compile without using a macro.

Unless there can be some loosening of the requirements, it would seem
there can never be a compile-time assertion class for boost. Pity.
It is a worthwhile tool to have in one's BOT.

There are several reasons I prefer the template<bool> method to other

  1. no macros, although use becomes slightly easier if they're
  2. Standard. Portable to any compiler that has explicit template
  3. Simple concept. Construct a ctassert<true>, nothing happens.
Construct a ctassert<false>, compile error.
  4. Better supported than non-standard language features like
unnamed zero-length bit fields.
          The method E for which you expressed a preferrence may be elegant,
but it fails on MSVC6 and g++ 2.95.2, two very popular compilers
        MSVC error:
           error C2625: anonymous union did not declare any data members
        g++ error:
           anonymous class type not used to declare any objects

> If used in a class definition, it doesn't give an error
> message on the line
> where the assertion fails. It doesn't fail at all unless an
> object of the
> class is instantiated (fails requirements R1, 5, 8, 9).

Well that depends upon your definition of where the assertion fails.
As I see it, the assertion is tested at the code that instantiates
the ctassert<bool> object. This is behavior is predictable.

The approach is similar in usage to a call to assert(), but it is
more flexible in that it can appear at the file or namespace scope,
whereas a call to assert cannot. It can also appear inside class
definitions, but as you point out below there are problems with that.

> It can affect structure padding if used between elements in a
> structure as
> discussed on Jay's web page (fails requirement 2).

Ah good point. It would probably best then to avoid using them
inside structures and classes, since all structures must have a
non-zero size. Inheriting from cassert seems to be fairly
bloat-safe. But I think that inheriting from such a class is a
pretty ugly thing to impose on a class (remember the "is a" rule).

I question that the restriction about appearing anywhere (class
definition/implementation) is really a necessary one. It contradicts
the analogy to the assert() function. The closer the use of
postulate/ctassert is to that of assert(), the more readable the code
will likely be for someone who is not familiar with the concept.

I think any compile-time check that can exist in the class definition
can also exist in a member function or in a namespace.

class foo{
... other stuff
        POSTULATE(sizeof(char) == 1);
        POSTULATE(sizeof(short) == 2);

can be moved into
class foo{
... other stuff
   int check() {
        POSTULATE(sizeof(char) == 1);
        POSTULATE(sizeof(short) == 2);

This code would get compiled, but not linked into the executable
since it is never called.

For templates, the case is a little more complex. Compilation of an
uncalled function cannot be guaranteed. But by moving the postulate
code into the constructors or a destructor, compilation can be
assured without adding any extra weight.

> The error message from my compiler is "illegal access to
> protected/private
> member" (fails requirements 7, 9).

Hmm, I thought it would be a safe assumption that all compilers would
at least name the class to be instantiated. g++ and MSVC give
reasonable messages. What compiler are you using? The name
ctassert, compile_time_check or something like that along with the
source file & line number should be enough to give a person an idea
of what's wrong.

The errors below are quotes results from g++ and MSVC upon compiling
the attached code.
line 6 is

g++ error:
test.cpp: In function `int main()':
test.cpp:6: `ctassert<false>::ctassert()' is private
test.cpp:12: within this context

MSVC error:
test.cpp(12) : error C2248: 'ctassert<0>::ctassert<0>' : cannot
access private member declared in class 'ctassert<0>'
                test.cpp(6) : see declaration of 'ctassert<0>::ctassert<0>'

I doubt any solution would reliably tell the user something much more
descriptive, like
        yourfile.cpp(45) error: compile time check "sizeof(int) == 4" has
on every platform. Although this would be great if it were possible.
 If macros are allowed, then the stringizing operator # might be used
to give the specific expression that failed.

- -- Mark

Version: PGPfreeware 6.5.2 for non-commercial use <>

Boost list run by bdawes at, gregod at, cpdaniel at, john at


text:
Boost logo

Boost :

From: Joe Mariadassou (joe.mariadassou_at_[hidden])
Date: 2006-01-31 16:22:38

Configuration: Pocket PC 2003, Boost 1.32.0, Visual Studio 2005

Serialization does not work with WinCE, as <locale> is not present. Is
there a work around or has it been fixed in a later release?
I have rejoined this group after a few years and I am not if this
issue has been addressed. Googling on Boost mailing lists drew a blank
on this subject.
Any pointers or help in this regard highly appreciated.

Joseph Chakravarti Mariadassou

Boost list run by bdawes at, gregod at, cpdaniel at, john at


text:
Making a local branch of the ports tree

Vivek Khera vivek at
Wed Apr 25 18:19:13 UTC 2007

On Apr 25, 2007, at 1:22 PM, Bill Moran wrote:

> My thought is to make /usr/ports/private (or similar) and teach cvsup
> not to blow it away.  Then I just need to make sure that portupgrade
> and other tools see it.
> Does anyone have a HOWTO or list of steps to get this going?  I know
> this has been discussed before but I can't find any reference to it
> now.

I use /usr/port/local and name all the ports "kci-XXX" for whatever
port we have.  mostly these are pseudo ports which pull in all the
dependencies for our various server needs.  (I'll probably post this
to my website sometime...)

Step 1: mkdir /usr/ports/local
Step 2: create the following /usr/ports/Makefile.local

-- cut here --
# local Makefile additions for top-level ports to add our local

SUBDIR += local
-- cut here --

So now the ports infrastructure knows about that directory.

Step 3: Inside /usr/ports/local, create a Makefile something like this:

--cut here--
COMMENT = KCI local ports

SUBDIR += kci-base
SUBDIR += kci-monitor
SUBDIR += kci-searchserver

.include <>
--cut here--

Where every subdir of /usr/ports/local is listed here so as to inform
the ports infrastructure of your local ports.  You must list every
port you want to be visible in your INDEX file which we will update

Here is my example /usr/ports/local/kci-base/Makefile which installs
the bare minimum essentials we need on every server:

--cut here--
PORTNAME=       kci-base
CATEGORIES=     local
MASTER_SITES=   # empty
DISTFILES=      # none
EXTRACT_ONLY=   # empty

MAINTAINER=     khera at
COMMENT=        Base applications needed on all KCI servers

RUN_DEPENDS=    bash:${PORTSDIR}/shells/bash \
                 rsync:${PORTSDIR}/net/rsync \
                 jove:${PORTSDIR}/editors/jove \
                 nano:${PORTSDIR}/editors/nano \
                 gmake:${PORTSDIR}/devel/gmake \
                 portupgrade:${PORTSDIR}/ports-mgmt/portupgrade \

# Don't let stupid programs ask for configuration.

#BATCH=         YES

.if make(package)
.endif # .if make(package)

# do nothing here, but can't use NO_INSTALL since it won't make the

.include <>
--cut here--

The KEY thing is to set the "VALID_CATEGORIES" to the name of the
local base ports category, in my case "local".  Other than that, it
can be just like any other port normally part of the ports tree, and
needs the necessary support files every port needs.  I haven't been
able to work out how to do this globally in the /usr/ports/
Makefile.local.  If you do, please share.

Now, the only step left is to get your local ports into the INDEX.
Here is where we use some trickery...  I observed that the make_index
script from ports uses "make describe" output and cross-references
stuff to generate INDEX.  However, the INDEX file itself is nearly
the same format... so if we feed "make describe" from our local
subtree and concatenate it with the existing INDEX and ignore all
warnings about make_index not finding port names (since they were
already substituted in the INDEX file...) we generate the output we
want.  The following script, localportindex, does this:

--cut here--

# hack to append our local ports to the /usr/ports/INDEX-6 file to
let the
# portupgrade and portinstall utilities see them.

# Run this after normal update of INDEX file, such as portsnap or

# $Id: localportindex 480 2006-06-16 15:14:38Z khera $

# for FreeBSD 6.x
PORTSDIRNAME=`cd $PORTSBASE ; /bin/pwd` # for fixingup NFS/symlink

tmpfile=`/usr/bin/mktemp -t index` || exit 1

# make_index script complains a ton about using the INDEX file rather
than the
# raw "describe" output so we just toss the errors.  this is probably
a bad
# thing to do, but nobody will die because of it...
(cd $LOCAL; make describe | sed -e "s@$PORTSDIRNAME@$PORTSBASE at g";
cat ${INDEX}) | \
perl ${PORTSBASE}/Tools/make_index 2> /dev/null | grep ^kci > $tmpfile

echo "Local ports appended to $INDEX file:"
cat $tmpfile

cat $tmpfile >> ${INDEX}
rm -f $tmpfile
--cut here--

Note that I use the fact all my ports start with "kci-" to pull them
from the newly generated INDEX file and append that data to the
actual INDEX file.  This step takes just seconds as opposed to tens
of minutes (or longer) to regenerate the INDEX from scratch.

All of the above works 100% well with portsnap and cvsup.  I don't
recall having to teach either how to ignore the local subdir.  If you
use cvsup, be sure to use some means to have a virgin INDEX file
before re-running the above index script, like using "make fetchindex".

Here is my "srcupdate" script which updates the source + ports on my
primary server.  We manage our local ports via subversion, so I just
ensure that the one in the live ports tree is up-to-date with any
commits made by any developer.

--cut here--
cd /usr/src
make update | tee /tmp/update
(cd /usr/ports/local; svn update)
portsnap fetch
portsnap update
portsnap -I update
portsdb --update
--cut here--

With all of this in place, portupgrade and friends can manage my
local ports too.  There is no distinction of what's part of ports and
what's truly local.

More information about the freebsd-ports mailing list


text:
Portupgrade omitting dependencies?

Sergey Matveychuk sem at FreeBSD.org
Sun Feb 25 16:35:43 UTC 2007

Randy Pratt wrote:
> Before starting, I had no DELETED comments in /var/db/pkg/*/+CONTENTS.
> After following the above steps, I checked for DELETED comments:
> ImageMagick- DELETED:pkgdep ghostscript-afpl-8.54,1
> ImageMagick- DELETED:DEPORIGIN:print/ghostscript-afpl
> I have no idea where the references to ghostscript-afpl come from
> since I have only ghostscript-gnu installed.

Yes, I've noticed a problem with ghostscript-* too. I think I should add
a special work around for it.

> The "portversion -vL=" show the following needed updated:
> It seems that portversion missed the need to update firefox.

A reason for it could be you did not refresh your INDEX file (pkgdb -Fu
will do it). portversion use info only from INDEX file, but when you
execute porupgrade, it checks a version against a port dir.

> After running portupgrade -a, I again checked for any additional
> DELETED entries (omitting the previously mentioned ghostscript-afpl
> entries for clairty):
> # grep DELETED /var/db/pkg/*/+CONTENTS | grep -v ghostscript
> /var/db/pkg/gmencoder-0.1.0_7/+CONTENTS:@comment DELETED:pkgdep intltool-0.35.5
> /var/db/pkg/gmencoder-0.1.0_7/+CONTENTS:@comment DELETED:DEPORIGIN:textproc/intltool

Hmm. There is no intltool in dependencies of the port. I guess it may be
a result of some changes in ports infrastructure.

> # grep mplayer /var/db/pkg/kino-0.9.5/*
> /var/db/pkg/kino-0.9.5/+CONTENTS:@pkgdep mplayer-skins-1.1.2_6
> /var/db/pkg/kino-0.9.5/+CONTENTS:@comment DEPORIGIN:multimedia/mplayer-skins
> /var/db/pkg/kino-0.9.5/+CONTENTS:@comment DELETED:pkgdep mplayer-0.99.10_4
> /var/db/pkg/kino-0.9.5/+CONTENTS:@comment DELETED:DEPORIGIN:multimedia/mplayer
> This doesn't seem to be correct since it keeps mplayer-skins and removes
> mplayer.  Likewise for gmencoder:

It's mysterious for me. I'll try reproduce the situation.

More information about the freebsd-ports mailing list


text:
[CFH] FreeBSD 10 and ports

Konstantin Belousov kostikbel at gmail.com
Tue Jun 11 19:22:01 UTC 2013

On Tue, Jun 11, 2013 at 02:50:03PM +0800, Martin Wilke wrote:
> Dear All,
> As we all know FreeBSD 10 brings a new compiler along, and for that we need to get ports on the right
> track. I have done several exp-runs on the current src and we still have a lot of fallouts. We
> would like to ask you to have a look [1] at the failed ports and help to fix them. We will start this week
> an i386 exp-run to see how the status is.
> Thanks for your time.
> - Martin on behalf of portmgr
> [1]http://pointyhat-west.isc.freebsd.org/errorlogs/amd64-10-exp-latest/

Didn't a sort of consensus when switching to clang for base was
discussed, was that ports would start use a port-provided version of gcc
? The adoption of the ports gcc was stalled due to the unability to make
exp-runs, AFAIK.

What you are proposing is de-facto forking the whole open-source code
base. This cannot work, and in fact steals the FreeBSD resources for
something which has absolutely no relevance for FreeBSD project.

Ports should not be forced to use clang, either a ports gcc work
should be finished, or cc in HEAD switched back to gcc.  This is
de-facto blocker for the 10.0.
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