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Evolution Hoax

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The Secret World of DNA

The building and management of any high-tech product utilizes hundreds of years of the experience and knowledge developed by mankind. The information and experience needed for the construction of the human body, the world's most advanced and complex system, is found in the DNA. The point to be stressed here is that DNA, in all its perfection and complexity, has been in existence from the time of the first human being. The following pages will show more clearly how ridiculous is the evolutionists' notion that this molecule, whose structure and features leave one awestruck, could have come about at random, and by chance.

DNA is carefully protected in a place called the nucleus in the center of the cell. Remember that in a human being (which can comprise up to a trillion cells), the average diameter of a cell is 10 microns (1 micron = 1000th of a millimeter). Now you can see more clearly the size of the structures we're talking about. This miraculous molecule is a clear proof of the perfection and superior artistry in God's creativity. A new scientific field-genetics-has been created to study just the secrets of this molecule, most of which have not yet come to light. Despite all our technological breakthroughs, genetics, considered to be the main focus of science of the 21st century, is still in its infant stage when it comes to solving the mysteries of DNA.

Life in the Nucleus

If we compare the human body to a building, its "floor plan" and design, including all the particulars and technical details, are all spelled out in DNA which is contained in the nucleus (Figure 2.1).

The development of a baby in its mother's womb and after birth is regulated according to a specific program. The perfect organization of a person's development is expressed in the Qur'an as follows:

Does man reckon he will be left to go on unchecked? Wasn't he a drop of ejaculated sperm, then a blood-clot which He created and shaped? (Qur'an, 75:36-38)

While you were still a fertilized egg cell in your mother's womb, all the characteristics that you would possess in the future were determined by God, and organized, and placed in your DNA. At 30 years of age, the characteristics you possess-such as height, color, blood group, facial features-were all encoded in the nucleus of your single original cell at the time of fertilization, 30 years and nine months earlier.

The information in DNA does not determine only physical features, like the ones just mentioned. It also controls the thousands of different events and systems that take place in the cell and the entire body. For example, even information about whether your blood pressure will be low, high or normal is contained within your DNA.

hücre çekirdeği

1. Nucleolus

2. Nuclear Membrane

Figure 2.1 Diagram of the nucleus found at the center of the cell

The Giant Encyclopedia in the Human Cell

An astounding amount of information is recorded in DNA, so much so that found within a single DNA molecule (which cannot be seen with the naked eye) is enough information to fill an encyclopedia of 1,000,000 pages. In the nucleus of one cell is encoded enough information to control all the processes in the human body that would be contained in a giant encyclopedia of 920 volumes. For comparison's sake, one of the world's largest encyclopedias, the 23-volume Encyclopedia Britannica, has a total of only 25,000 pages. Within a microscopic cell, in a molecule found in its nucleus, much smaller than the cell itself, is encoded enough data to fill a store of information 40 times larger than the world's most thorough encyclopedia, the likes of which have never been seen before. It's been calculated that DNA's giant "encyclopedia" would possess up to 3 billion different instructions.

At this point, let's reflect on possesses instructions, those two words that fall from our lips so easily. In saying that there are billions of instructions in one cell, what we are talking about is not a computer or a library, but is a tiny sphere, smaller than a 100th of a millimeter and composed of just protein, fat and water molecules. That even one instruction, let alone millions of them, can be maintained within this tiny piece of tissue is absolutely amazing.

To store information today, people use computer technology, considered to be at the forefront of all other technologies. The amount of information that could be stored in a room-sized computer 20 years ago can now be encoded in a tiny microchip. But even this latest modern technology, the result of much effort and knowledge accumulated over many years, hasn't come close to the capacity of even one cell's nucleus for storing information. The following comparison explains the tiny size of DNA, and its amazing capacity for information storage:

The information necessary to specify the design of all the species of organisms which have ever existed on the planet… could be held in a teaspoon, and there would still be room left for all the information in every book ever written.3

How can a helix that we cannot see with our eyes, which is a billionth of a millimeter in diameter and formed from the coming together of atoms, store and remember such a huge amount of information? To this one question, add another: Each of the 100 trillion cells in your body can effortlessly recall one million pages of data, but how many pages of an encyclopedia can you-a conscious, intelligent human being-memorize during your lifetime?

Intelligence in the Cell

You would have to accept that any single cell in your stomach or your ear is more knowledgeable than you. And because it evaluates its information in the most correct and perfect way, it must also be more intelligent than you.

So what is the source of this intelligence? How does each and every one of the 100 trillion cells in your body possess such incredible intelligence? After all, a cell is just a collection of organic molecules, with no consciousness. Even if you joined together the atoms of all of the elements, in different numbers and permutations to form different molecules, you still could not produce intelligence. Whether these resulting molecules are big or small, simple or complex is irrelevant. From them, you will not be able to produce a conscious mind that can organize anything.

DNA is formed from a particular number of atoms without consciousness, coming together in a certain way, and enzymes that work in harmony, carrying out many conscious processes. How can it perfectly and faultlessly organize the innumerable and complex processes that take place within the cell? The answer is very simple: Intelligence is not to be found within these molecules or within the cell itself, but in the One Who created the molecules and programmed them to carry out these processes.

In short, intelligence lies not in the product itself, but in that product's Creator. Even the most advanced computer is the result of an intellect who has written the program that will run the computer, down to the most minute detail. In the same way, the DNA and the RNA found inside the cell, and the human being who arises from the coming together of these cells, are nothing but the product of their Creator. It doesn't matter how perfect, faultless and effective the product may be. Intelligence always lies in its maker.

Suppose that you run across a highly advanced computer disc, load it and read what appears on the screen, only to find that it contains millions of instructions personalized and unique to you… The first question that would come to your mind would be "Who wrote the instructions, and for what purpose?"

So why not ask the same questions about the cell? If somebody wrote the information on the disc in our example, then who created DNA so perfectly, which is much more superior and more highly advanced; and then placed it carefully in a tiny cell-which is a miracle by itself-without losing any of its characteristics, from thousands of years ago until today? (Never forget, the human brain that manufactured the disc and programmed the instructions inside it is composed of these same cells we are talking about).

What more important questions could there be than who created the cell and why? These cells are on constant duty to let you read these lines, see, breathe, think, in short exist and continue your existence.

The answer to that question is this: Almighty God created all entities in the universe, living or inanimate, from nothing and installed DNA, with all its miraculous properties, into the cell, the building block of all living things. The purpose of human life is to be able to see this truth and serve our Great Lord.

A Few Further Examples

After a plane crash, survivors who are left stranded, will make a giant X on the ground in an empty field, so that rescue workers flying overhead may be able to spot them. With their belongings or anything else they can find, they construct a big and obviously artificial cross. Seeing this product of intelligence, rescue workers will realize that there are conscious creatures-in other words, human beings-down there.

When you drive along highways in Turkey, sometimes you come across sentences written in white stones on a hillside, such as Everything for the nation. It's quite clear how these messages came to be there. Somewhere nearby, beyond the hill, is an army unit, and they have formed these words with white stones.

Could anyone claim that these words were not written by a conscious, literate soldier, but that they just appeared there by coincidence? Could anyone say that as the stones rolled down the hill, they randomly formed such sentences?

What if a scientist were to declare, "There are trillions of stones in the world, and they have been rolling around for millions of years. Therefore, it is possible that some of these stones could come together at random to form meaningful sentences." Wouldn't even children laugh at him? And on top of that, were he to employ scientific language and give scientific explanations with probability calculations, wouldn't people be suspicious of his mental capacity? Forget the entire sentence. There's no chance that even a neat letter could be formed by happenstance. Even if you saw merely that first capital written neatly atop a hill, you would wonder why somebody wrote it there.

With these examples, we are trying to say that if there exists the slightest degree of planning anywhere, then there must be a conscious intellect behind it. No product of an intellect can ever appear by chance. If you roll a few white stones down a hill millions of times, you wouldn't even get a straight letter forming. If a letter were to appear, everyone would have to agree that there can be no letter without a scribe.

The human body, however, has a structure a trillion times more complex than any sentence spelled out in rocks, and there is absolutely no chance that this complex structure could have come about by "coincidence." Therefore it is God Who perfectly planned and faultlessly organized the human being, its cells, and its DNA. To deny the existence and power of God, the Creator of the heavens and the Earth and everything in between, is the greatest possible senselessness and impertinence. It is great disrespect towards the Possessor of that intelligence and power.

But sadly, many people who can instantly grasp the impossibility of stones bringing words together by chance, can listen, without objection, to the deceitful claim that a molecule like DNA, which can perform such amazing tasks, could have formed as a result of a series of coincidental joinings of single atoms. Just like someone who's been hypnotized and imagines himself to be a door, a tree or a lizard when suggested so.

The Language of DNA's Encyclopedia

The most important means of communication between individuals and generations is with words, which are represented by letters. English is a language written with 26 letters, in other words a code of 26 symbols. These symbols form words, and words form sentences. This code enables the communication and storage of information.

The language of the cell is similar: All of a human being's physical features have been codified and stored in the nucleus of the cell, where the cell can refer to again by using this code. This code is the language of the director molecule, the DNA, formed from four special bases called nucleotides, each represented by one of the letters A, T, G, and C. These bases, by coming together one after the other in a meaningful manner, form the DNA molecule (Figures 2.2 and 2.3).

dna, nukleotid

1. Sugar-Phosphate
2. Hydrogen Bonds

3. Base
4. Length of one complete twist of DNA 3.4nm =0.000034mm

Figure 2.2

Information in the nucleus' data bank is stored in this way. In the interests of simplicity when explaining the cell's information coding system, we'll keep using these letters to represent the nucleic acid molecules making up DNA.

These letters form opposite pairs and form one rung of the ladder. These rungs are joined together to form genes. Every gene, which is just one section of the DNA molecule, controls a particular feature in the human body. Innumerable characteristics such as height, eye color, and shape of nose, ears, and skull come about via commands given by the relevant genes. We can compare these genes to the pages of a book, which bears various writings made up from the four letters A, T, C and G.

In the DNA of human beings are found about 200,000 genes, each made up of between 1,000 and 186,000 nucleotides, which come together in different orders depending on the corresponding protein they make. These genes contain the codes for approximately 200,000 different proteins with various duties in the body, the production of which is again controlled by genes.

dna, nukleotid

Figure 2.3
The arrangement of the adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine bases in DNA. The bases are paired to each by hydrogen bonding, and the order of the base pairs makes up the language of life.

Yet the amount of information contained in these 200,000 genes represents only about 3% of the total information contained in DNA. The remaining 97% has remained a mystery to this day. Recent research has shown that this mysterious remaining 97% contains vital information about mechanisms that facilitate highly complex activities, and information about how the cell continues its existence. However, scientists still have a long way to go.

Genes are found within chromosomes. There are 46 chromosomes in each cell in the human body (excluding the generative cells; see Figure 2.5). Comparing each chromosome to a volume comprised of genes, then we can say that in each cell there is a 46-volume cellular encyclopedia that contains all the information relevant to human beings. Using our earlier analogy, this is equivalent to the amount of information stored in a 920-volume Encyclopedia Britannica.

In each person's DNA, the order of the letters is different. This is why all the people who have ever lived have been different from each other. Each human being's basic anatomical structure and processes are the same. But despite the fact that each person arises from the division of just one cell and possesses the same basic structure, each individual is uniquely created, with such fine differences and with such detail that there have been billions of distinctly different people.

All the organs in your body are built according to a planning scheme outlined in your genes. To give a few examples from a gene map constructed by scientists, the skin is regulated by 2,559 genes; the brain by 29,930; the eyes by 1,794; salivary glands by 186; the heart by 6,216; the breast by 4,001; the lungs by 11,581; the liver by 2,309; the intestines by 3,838; the skeletal muscles by 1,911 and the blood cells by 22,092 genes.

The order of the letters in the DNA determines the structure of any human being, down to the smallest detail. In the DNA of just one cell are found characteristics like height, eye, hair and skin color, the plans of 206 bones, 600 muscles, 10,000 auditory and 2 million optical nerve networks, 100 billion nerve cells, and blood vessels 100,000 kilometers (60,000 miles) long and 100 trillion cells.

If even one single letter cannot come about without a scribe to write it, then how can billions of meaningful "letters" arise inside a human cell? How did these letters come together, one after the other, in meaningful patterns to comprise the plan of a unique and complex human body? Were there even the slightest flaw in the order of these letters, you could find your ear where your stomach is supposed to be, or your eyes on your heels, and have to live as a freak. The secret of your being a regular person is the faultless order in which the billions of letters are arranged in your DNA's 46-volume encyclopedia. Obviously, these letters can't possibly realize such an arrangement of their own accord. These genes, which we have been calling letters, have been created by God, the Master of superior intelligence and infinite knowledge. This extraordinary arrangement, which renders the word "coincidence" meaningless, is a result of God's perfect creativity:

He is God-the Creator, the Maker, the Giver of Form. To Him belong the Most Beautiful Names. Everything in the heavens and Earth glorifies Him. He is the Almighty, the All-Wise. (Qur'an, 59:24)

DNA Defies the Notion of Coincidence

hücre, dna, sarmalı

Figure 2.4
The arrangement of atoms in the DNA helix, whose diameter is only a millionth of a millimeter

Mathematically, there is no chance for coincidence in the formation of DNA's encoded information. The possibility that even one of the 200,000 genes found in DNA could have come about by chance-let alone the DNA molecule itself, made up of millions of sections-has been completely invalidated. An evolutionary biologist, Frank B. Salisbury, has this to say:

A medium protein might include about 300 amino acids. The DNA gene controlling this would have about 1,000 nucleotides in its chain. Since there are four kinds of nucleotides in a DNA chain, one consisting of 1,000 links could exist in 41000 forms. Using a little algebra (logarithms) we can see that 41000=10600. Ten multiplied by itself 600 times gives the figure 1 followed by 600 zeros! This number is completely beyond our comprehension.4

Even if we assume that the surrounding environment contains all of the necessary nucleotides, plus the complex molecules and binding enzymes needed to connect them together, the probability that these nucleotides will ever bind together in the desired order is 1 in 41000-or in other words, 1 in 10600. In short, the possibility of an average human protein coming about by itself, is 1 out of a number resulting from putting a 1 followed by 600 zeros. This number, beyond astronomical in practical terms, means zero probability. Such an arrangement could therefore have come about only under the control and knowledge of an intelligent and conscious power, which belong to Almighty God, the Creator of the heavens and the Earth.

Take this sentence you are reading right now. If somebody claimed that the letters-each with the proper size and font-came together by themselves and randomly formed that sentence, what would you say? Obviously, you would find such a claim highly illogical, and reply that this sentence definitely originated from one who was most intelligent and knowledgeable. And the case of DNA is no different.

Francis Crick is the biochemist who co-discovered the structure of DNA, and won the Nobel Prize for his work in this area. At first a persistent evolutionist, Crick wrote the following after he witnessed DNA's miraculous structure:

An honest man, armed with all the knowledge available to us now, could only state that, in some sense, the origin of life appears at the moment to be almost a miracle.5

According to Crick, life could never have appeared on this Earth by chance. So even one of the greatest specialists in DNA, and an evolutionist to boot, gives no credence to the notion of coincidence in creation.

The information in DNA, comprised from five billion bases, comes about as a result of the unique and meaningful order of the A, T, G and C letters. But not a single mistake can be made in this order. In an encyclopedia, a mistyped word or letter isn't too important and can be ignored. It may not even be noticed. In contrast, an error in any rung of the DNA ladder-for example, a mistake in the coding of one letter in the 1, 719, 348, 632nd rung-results in frightful consequences for the cell and therefore for the human. For instance, leukemia, the blood cancer seen in children, results from such a mistake in coding.

dna, chromosome

1. Nucleosome
2. DNA
3. Highly Condensed Chromosome Form

4. Looped Domains
5. DNA Thread
6. Thread-Like Chromosome Form

Figure 2.5
The packaging of DNA inside the chromosomes. One DNA molecule is found in each chromosome. The total length of one DNA molecule in any one cell is about one meter. The total thickness of the chromosome is 1 nanometer-that is, a billionth of a meter. The packaging of the one-meter-long DNA molecule into an area a billionth of its size, the constant decoding of this DNA molecule, the copying of the DNA at the proper time, and the absence of any complications during all of these processes are beautiful examples of God's perfect creation.

To be accurate, we shouldn't really say a mistake in coding. Just like everything else that exists, DNA has been created by God, and any "mistakes" we may perceive arise due to a particular wisdom, a divine purpose. The coding defect that brings about cancer has been specially created to show man his utter powerlessness and weakness-to remind us of the fine, delicate balance within which we've been created and what problems can result with even the slightest deviation.

beta globin molekülü

Figure 2.6
The DNA code for the beta-globin gene, one part of the hemoglobin gene that allows for the transport of oxygen. The code is read just as one would read an English sentence, from left to right. If even one letter in this code is wrong, a completely faulty protein results. The genetic code of just one part of the hundreds of thousands of proteins is of the utmost complexity, as can be seen from the figure above. For a complete human body, billions of these codes are needed. Such perfect instructions could never have come about without an intelligent being to create them.

Self-Replication of DNA

dna replikasyonu

1. Old
2. New

Figure 2.7
Replication of the DNA helix. With the help of many enzymes, the helix unwinds and opens up like a zipper. Then nucleotides are secured from the surroundings, and pairs are formed with the appropriate base on each strand. In this way are formed two new helixes of DNA, each an exact copy of the other.

Cells multiply by dividing. Thus a human body starts out as a single cell, which then divides to form two and then 4, 6, 8, 16, 32 cells and so on.

But after this process of division, what happens to DNA? Any one cell contains only one helix of DNA. But clearly, the newly divided cells will each need their own DNA. To overcome this problem a new series of processes takes place, each step of which is a miracle in itself. Just before the cell divides, its DNA is replicated, so that each new cell receives an exact copy of the original.

Microscopic observations reveal that before the cell divides, it must reach a certain size. Once it does, the process of division is initiated. As the cell begins to widen into the shape required for division, the DNA starts to replicate itself.

What this means is that the cell as a whole "decides" to divide, and its different parts begin to act accordingly. Clearly, the cell doesn't possess the knowledge to carry out such a cooperative process successfully. The process of division starts with a silent command, and with the DNA leading the way, the rest of the cell follows suit.

In order to replicate itself, DNA first separates into two opposite strands-an event that takes place in a very interesting manner. The DNA molecule resembles a spiral ladder, whose rungs open up like a zipper. The DNA now separates into two strands, and each of the two opposite, incomplete strands then completes itself with materials found in the cellular environment. In this way are produced, two new DNA molecules (Figure 2.7). At each stage of the process, specialized proteins called enzymes, operating like highly advanced robots, carry out their respective duties. To explain the process completely would take many pages, since what seems a very simple procedure at first glance is actually made up of innumerable steps that are highly complex.

The new DNA molecule resulting from this pairing is checked over and over again by control enzymes. If there is a mistake-and any mistakes could prove fatal-it is quickly identified and repaired. The faulty segment is removed and a corrected one brought and put into place. All of these processes occur at dizzying speeds. For example 3,000 base pairs are produced every minute, while each rung of the ladder is gone over by enzymes on duty and then repaired, if need be.

External factors can cause mistakes to occur at a higher rate than normal in the synthesis of the new DNA molecule. In this case, ribosomes in the cell begin to manufacture repair enzymes according to the command given by the DNA. In this way, the DNA is protected, and the next generation of cells is preserved.

dna, replication, enzymes

1. Newly synthesized strand
2. One strand of the unwound DNA molecule
3. DNA polymerase
4. An RNA segment, called the Okazaki fragment, begins to be produced
5. The polymerase enzyme that produces DNA by joining together the RNA segments

6. DNA helicase
7. Primase
8. Helix-stabilizing proteins
9. RNA Primer
10. Compared to the other DNA strand, this one is synthesized more slowly.

Figure 2.8

The organization of the enzymes (proteins) that work during the process of replication. Differently structured enzymes with different duties clamp together and work as a team. The DNA helicase enzyme (in the center of the diagram) unzips the DNA molecule. DNA polymerase then adds the correct nucleotides to the incomplete strand of DNA left over at the top, synthesizing a new DNA molecule. The DNA polymerase moves continuously along the top strand while the DNA is being copied. Because the other DNA strand is an exact mirror image of the initial one, the polymerase enzyme working on this strand needs to move in the opposite direction.

The events that take place on the second strand and the way in which the polymerase moves along it, are very different. As the DNA unwinds to form two single strands, there are primase enzymes found next to the DNA helicase. On the second strand, this enzyme starts building ten-nucleotide segments, called RNA primers, at intervals of about 200 nucleotides apart. DNA polymerase enzyme then starts filling in these gaps with small fragments, called Okazaki fragments, using these RNA primers as starting points. In this way the second DNA segment is formed. But the one difference is that on this DNA is left small RNA primer segments. DNA repair enzymes (e.g., uracil DNA glycosylase, AP endonuclease, etc.) that come into play at a later stage break off these RNA primer segments and replace them with DNA nucleotides.

In the course of all these processes, helix stabilizing nucleoid proteins stabilize duplex DNA against denaturation. As a result of this series of processes, the second DNAis synthesized.

dna, replication, enzymes

1. One strand of the unwound DNA molecule
2. Newly synthesized strand of DNA
3. DNA polymerase
4. Main DNA
5. Helix-Stabilizing Proteins
6. DNA Primase
7. DNA helicase
8. RNA Primer
9. RNA segment, called the Okazaki fragment
10. Compared to the other DNA strand, this one is synthesized more slowly.

Figure 2.9

Enzymes work together in the base pairing of DNA. This combined structure resembles a sewing machine, composed of proteins, that works on the DNA from start to finish and produces a copy of it.

Right: This collective mechanism in its active state. In reality, the structure shown in this figure is three-dimensional.

cell division

1. Chromatids
2. Centromere knot
3. Micro-tubules

4. Chromatin fibers
5. Outer membrane
6. Inner membrane 40-60mm

Figure 2.10
Duplication of chromosomes during cell division. Each chromosome is copied and thus divides into two. The figure shows two sister chromatids just before they separate. At the last stage of division, the chromosomes move in opposite directions along the microtubules to which they are bound.

Cells, just like the human beings they make up, are born, multiply and die. But the life span of the cell is much shorter. For instance, most of the cells that made up your body six months ago are no longer alive today. You still exist because those old cells divided and left new cells to take their place.

For human life to continue, it's vitally important that such processes as the multiplication of cells and the copying of the DNA be carried out flawlessly. In fact, the replication process takes place so perfectly that the rate of error is only one base pair in 3 billion. And before it can cause the body any problems, this single mistake is fixed by control mechanisms of a higher order.

So all day, without your even knowing it, innumerable processes, controls, and precautions take place in your body with astonishing meticulousness and sense of responsibility to keep you alive without any problems.

God has provided you with innumerable atoms and molecules, from the tiniest to the largest, from the simplest to the most complex, so that you can live your life in the most healthy fashion. Isn't this favor and blessing alone enough to make man continuously grateful? Or must people wait for a problem to arise in this faultless system, before they come to their senses?

Most interesting is that the enzymes facilitating the production of DNA and the regulation of its structure are all encoded within the DNA itself. In fact, they are proteins synthesized under the DNA's command and control.

This system is so amazingly intricate that it's absolutely impossible for it to have arisen by a series of coincidental steps. Because in order for the enzyme to exist, the DNA must exist, but in order for the DNA to exist, so must the enzymes. And for both of them to exist, the cell must exist in its entirety, from the cell membrane inward to all its complex organelles.

The theory of evolution proposes that organisms developed "step by step" as a result of "beneficial coincidences." But this DNA-enzyme paradox absolutely refutes it, since both the DNA and the enzymes must be in existence at the same time. This is blatant evidence of God's existence.

dna, repair dna, replication, incorrect

Figure 2.11

DNA control mechanisms identify and repair any mistakes arising in the DNA as a result of external factors. These mechanisms are made up of enzymes produced according to instructions found within the DNA itself. There may be different types of repair mechanisms, but basically, the damaged nucleotide is repaired according to information contained in the opposite strand's corresponding nucleotide. This process shown in the figure above basically consists of three steps:

1) After being identified by an enzyme called DNA nuclease, the damaged portion of the DNA strand is removed. This results in a gap in the DNA strand.

2) Another enzyme, DNA polymerase, adds the necessary nucleotide according to the information contained in the undamaged strand of DNA.

3) The repair of the DNA is not quite finished. The gap resulting in the sugar phosphate backbone from this repair mechanism is filled in by an enzyme called DNA ligase.

1. Sugar phosphate backbone
2. Strand 1
3. Strand 2
4. Base pairs joined by hydrogen bonding
5. A mistake which has occurred in strand 1
6. Step 1
7. The damaged portion in strand 1 is removed.
8. Step 2
9. The gap in the defective strand 1 is filled in by DNA polymerase, according to the information found in strand 2.
10. Step 3
11. DNA ligase fills in the resulting gap.
12. Result: the defective region is repaired.

Figure 2.12

An unwanted event that occurs from time to time: the incorrect copying of the DNA molecule. As can be seen in the first diagram, a uracil (U) has been placed instead of a cytosine (C) in the fourth base position of the DNA. An enzyme called Uracil-DNA glycosylase, which has the duty of repairing only this type of mistake, removes the uracil from the DNA strand. AP endonuclease removes the sugar phosphate group from this area. DNA polymerase and DNA ligase then attach the relevant nucleotides in their place.

13. An unwanted change that occurs in the bases
14. Uracil-DNA glycosylase
15. The base deficient DNA strand
16. AP endonuclease removes the sugar-phosphate piece
17. The help of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase

Mutations: The Last Resort of the Evolution Falsehood

dna, enzyme

Figure 2.13
1. DNA
2. Newly synthesized strand

3. DNA polymerase
4. Incomplete strand
5. Direction of DNA polymerase

When Darwin first proposed his theory, he couldn't explain the reason for variation within species, nor the logic behind one of his own conjectures that "one species is transformed into another." He couldn't have explained it in any case, because he didn't know about the existence of DNA. Darwin knew nothing of genetics, biostatistics, or microbiology. These scientific fields did not exist in Darwin's day, so there was no way he could have known of them. With the facilities available at the time, he dissected various organisms, and from similarities in their anatomy, but with no ability to closely study the cell, he arrived at unscientific conclusions that were, for the most part, products of his imagination.

Thanks to recent technology, people today are aware of the complex mechanisms present in the cell. And it has become understood that these perfect mechanisms cannot have come about by themselves, or as a result of chance. All of this complex system's components had to be in the same place at the same time, with nothing more and nothing less. As we mentioned, thousands of different sub-systems make up this system. Thus for this faultless system to have come about at the same time, in the same place, there remains only one explanation: creation. Advances in scientific knowledge and technology have proven over and over how the theory of evolution is a great lie, put forward to deny the fact of creation and thereby, turn people away from the path of God.

Evolution is not a scientific fact, but the imaginary foundation on which all ideologies depend that fall into the mistake of denying creation. Whatever the cost, their lie must go on, and so they found a solution in another lie: mutations-which, evolutionists proposed, advanced the development of primitive species and the emergence of entirely new ones.

Mutations are changes that can arise in the organism's DNA as a result of external factors like chemical agents, x-rays, and radiation. But such changes can never bring about the formation of a new species, because mutations are deficiencies or changes in the order of the genetic information. They cannot add anything new to the genetic mix. Information pertaining to any living thing has been recorded in the genetic code of that particular creature. Consequently any genetic mutation will cause a deliberate alteration in that species' number, color or type of existing organs and structures. They can never result in a brand-new organ or feature. What's more, 99.9% of mutations are harmful, and in fact may be lethal for living things. The remaining 0.01% either have no effect, or their damage cannot swiftly be determined. Apart from viruses, whose genetic and physiological structures are deliberately adjusted to tolerate mutations, the question of beneficial mutations never arises.

DNA's structure is highly advanced in terms of the information it contains and in the way it can store it. Obviously, any external tampering will ruin such an advanced system. Any random change to a device with highly complex mechanisms will not improve the device but on the contrary, will destroy it.

Or to use another analogy, an earthquake cannot build a city, it will level it-just like the effects of a mutation on DNA. Let's assume that a beneficial mutation does exist. But for every beneficial mutation, there are thousands of harmful ones, and so the overall effect is going to be the species' deterioration or extinction. Today's world should have been full of freaks who have undergone minor mutations: fish hatched with three eyes, or cats that give birth to five-legged kittens. But just as mutations are harmful, they are also extremely rare. The changes that mutations could result in are like those experienced in Hiroshima, Nagasaki or Chernobyl.

dna, enzyme

In the creation of the heavens and the Earth, and the alternation of night and day, there are signs for people with intelligence:
Those who remember God, standing, sitting and lying on their sides, and reflect on the creation of the heavens and the Earth:
“Our Lord, You have not created this for nothing. Glory be to You! So safeguard us from the punishment of the Fire.”
(Qur’an, 3:190-191)

In the hopes of proving the theory of evolution, scientists have carried out experiments that result in fruit flies that, having been subjected to radiation, have legs coming out of their heads. To this day, no beneficial mutation has been observed. All have been harmful. Dr. Mahlon B. Hoagland, author of the book The Roots of Life, expresses this as follows:

You'll recall we learned that almost always a change in an organism's DNA is detrimental to it; that is, it leads to a reduced capacity to survive. By way of analogy, random additions of sentences to the plays of Shakespeare are not likely to improve them! …The principle that DNA changes are harmful by virtue of reducing survival chances applies whether a change in DNA is caused by a mutation or by some foreign genes we deliberately add to it.6

Richard Dawkins, one of the best-known evolutionists of our time, was asked during an interview if any mutations were known to be beneficial. He could not answer the question, but openly showed his discomfort in not being able to give any facts to support evolution.7

Another point worth noting is that for mutations to be passed on to future generations, they must arise in the generative cells. Any change in the body cells or organs alone will not be passed along. For example, if a woman loses her finger, her future baby will not lose his and will not therefore be born without a finger. Even if, for a thousand generations every monkey born is taught to walk on two legs, this ability trait will not be passed on when the 1001st generation is born. Another example, say you cut off the left arm of a particular species, the 10th generation will still be born with a left arm, there being no chance that the arm will disappear. In conclusion, mutations cannot be the source of variation in species. DNA's perfect organization can only be a result of a special creation. And the Owner of this superior power of creation is God. The Qur'an tells us about God's perfect creation as follows:

It is God Who made the Earth a stable home for you and the sky a dome, and formed you, giving you the best of forms, and provided you with good and wholesome things. That is God, your Lord. Blessed be God, the Lord of all the worlds. He is the Living-there is no deity but Him-so call on Him, making your religion sincerely His. Praise be to God, the Lord of all the worlds. (Qur'an, 40:64-65)

Again we find in the Qur'an news of the situation of the deniers of this creation:

He to Whom the kingdom of the heavens and the Earth belongs. He does not have a son and He has no partner in the Kingdom. He created everything and determined it most exactly. But they have adopted deities apart from Him which do not create anything but are themselves created. They have no power to harm or help themselves. They have no power over death or life or resurrection. (Qur'an, 25:2-3)

3-Michael Denton, A Theory in Crisis (New York: The Free Press, 1996), p. 334.

4-Frank B. Salisbury, Doubts About the Modern Synthetic Theory of Evolution, p. 336.

5-Francis Crick, Life Itself: Its Origin and Nature (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1981), p. 88.

6-Mahlon B. Hoagland, The Roots of Life (Houghton Mifflin Company, 1978), p. 145.

7-"Biological Evidence of Creation: From a Fog to a Prince," Keziah, American Portrait Films, Cleveland, OH, 1998.

4 / total 13
You can read Harun Yahya's book The Miracle In The Cell online, share it on social networks such as Facebook and Twitter, download it to your computer, use it in your homework and theses, and publish, copy or reproduce it on your own web sites or blogs without paying any copyright fee, so long as you acknowledge this site as the reference.
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All materials can be copied, printed and distributed by referring to this site.
(c) All publication rights of the personal photos of Mr. Adnan Oktar that are present in our website and in all other Harun Yahya works belong to Global Publication Ltd. Co. They cannot be used or published without prior consent even if used partially.
© 1994 Harun Yahya. www.harunyahya.com - info@harunyahya.com


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Evolution Hoax

Creationism Is In Turkish Schools Thanks To Adnan Oktar

          The Economist, a London-based economics and news weekly published in English, once again covered Adnan Oktar’s influence in the spread of belief in creation. The magazine, with a weekly circulation of 1.2 million, referred to Adnan Oktar as follows in its 1 November, 2007, edition:

          “... Intelligent design is now taught in some Turkish schools—thanks in
          large part to Adnan Oktar, a preacher who set up the Bilim Arastirma
          Vakfi (Scientific Research Foundation). He claims to have 4.5m
          followers, and his ‘Atlas of Creation’ has been distributed around the
          Muslim world and Europe. His organisation also sees links between
          Darwin and terrorism, fascism and communism…”

2007-11-25 00:47:05
Harun Yahya's Influences | Presentations | Audio Books | Interactive CDs | Conferences| About this site | Make your homepage | Add to favorites | RSS Feed
All materials can be copied, printed and distributed by referring to this site.
(c) All publication rights of the personal photos of Mr. Adnan Oktar that are present in our website and in all other Harun Yahya works belong to Global Publication Ltd. Co. They cannot be used or published without prior consent even if used partially.
© 1994 Harun Yahya. www.harunyahya.com - info@harunyahya.com

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text:
Inside the Universal archives: Al Pacino's 'Scarface' costume, and preserving damaged classics -- EXCLUSIVE VIDEO |

Movies | Inside Movies

Inside the Universal archives: Al Pacino's 'Scarface' costume, and preserving damaged classics -- EXCLUSIVE VIDEO

Universal Pictures’ 100th anniversary is officially on April 30, but when one turns 100, one really ought to get a birthday year, right? In that spirit, as part of celebration lasting throughout 2012, the studio invited EW into its archives for a tour of its film storage and restoration programs.

For a special series of re-mastered Blu-ray editions of the studio’s most iconic films – All Quiet on the Western FrontThe BirdsBuck PrivatesDracula (1931), Dracula Spanish (1931), FrankensteinJawsSchindler’s ListOut of AfricaPillow TalkBride of FrankensteinThe Sting, and To Kill a Mockingbird – the studio has been culling through its vast archives to find the best possible original negatives and prints to be digitally scanned and restored. Color cut negatives are kept in a cold-storage facility at 34 degrees and 25 percent relative humidity, ideal conditions for maintaining celluloid film, but horrible conditions for thin-blooded Angelenos.

Kept at a far more tolerable 45-50 degrees is the 35,000 square foot storage facility that sits just off the Universal backlot. The giant, non-descript block building houses 45 miles of shelving containing over 2 million separate “records” – which, for many films, means stacks of film canisters containing every take of every scene. With a library that vast, it’s no surprise that studio archivists can accidentally happen upon films they had no idea were still around, like the original two-color negative for the 1925 silent film version of Phantom of the Opera.

Once all that material is found, the studio’s digital artists begin using it to restore all the scratches, tears, discolorations, and other assorted damage that can befall physical film, either in collaboration with the original filmmaker or, for the older films, with close study of the filmmaker’s original intent. It is the most complicated, “Photoshop” job imaginable.

Check out my interview with some of the Universal restoration experts below, along with an exclusive look at Al Pacino’s iconic costume for one of the studio’s best loved films: Brian De Palma’s 1983 crime epic Scarface.

Read more:
Universal unveils new logo for 100th anniversary, announces film restoration plans
EW tours Disney’s archives: ‘Pirates,’ ‘Lost,’ ‘Snow White’ – EXCLUSIVE


text:
I Don't Know What Can I Do

Personal Stories, Advice, and Support 61 People

    i loved him secretly

    and i did't tell him what i wanted.. i feel weak when i am inside him and say hi to him ######## u are on my mind and u have not idea what happens to me i am thinking about every word u said to me @@@@@ i love u
    Rahwii Rahwii
    22-25, F
    Nov 21, 2014

    You hurt my feelings tonight.  Given that I am emotional but I will NOT be dismissed like a child. You had me in tears and that is not me to cry about such stupid things.
    fungirlmmm fungirlmmm
    41-45, F
    Apr 8, 2010

    I Just Don't Know What To Do Anymore...

    For a long while now, I have had one passion and that was to write. Honest to goodness, that was the only thing I ever really cared and has prevented me from killing myself (not that I am suicidal, but there are some things that you can't face) ((killing myself in the sense...
    bluebarker bluebarker
    18-21, M
    1 Response Jun 15, 2012

    It Will Change... Im Sure...

    Im a freshmen right now in highschool... 3 months left but im getting annoyed.. see the thing is im straight but the "popular" guys think im gay just because I talk to girls... And my voice hasnt exactly hit puberty yet... I have friends but like evry guy and even the kids i...
    SomedayItWillChange SomedayItWillChange
    13-15, M
    Mar 18, 2010
    Rahwii Rahwii
    22-25, F
    Nov 22, 2014

    Solitude is my friend,

    loneliness is my cage, transparency is my pain.... Carnivorous night, destructive day, take it all away! Cringing my teeth for each time I hit daylight, thieved of thee empty space that ''twas my closure... Bellowing at these days gone by, rigidly shaking on why? And not how...
    Cooper802 Cooper802
    18-21, M
    Mar 25, 2015
More Stories


text:
I Found This Site By Accident

Personal Stories, Advice, and Support 60,356 People

    Yeah, yeah. It was the time I was searching

    for journal apps and then boom! I saw this app and tried it on. Well, I could say that trying this app and installing it was worth it. I've met so many great buddies in here.
    ThisDame ThisDame
    13-15, F
    Feb 14

    actually a couple of months ago,

    I searched I need a best friend, I've made good friends on jere, it really helped me be open, I'm officially on an amazing relationship
    leahxlife leahxlife
    13-15, F
    Mar 16

    No one knows who I really am

    and I can just express myself without being too concerned.
    SurpriseMeToday SurpriseMeToday
    18-21, F
    6 Responses Nov 20, 2015
    deleted deleted
    Mar 1

    By pure coincidence I ended up here.

    I made friends and I lost friends. Hell, I even gave somebody motivation to live. Those people have decided to break off from me, for reasons unknown. I may never talk to them again, but they will always be in my memory. But, before EP dies out, I'd like to meet someone else...
    unklejason unklejason
    13-15, M
    Mar 23

    In early 2008, I joined looking

    for a new place to blog. Here I am, in reincarnation.
    deleted deleted
    1 Response Feb 24

    I was researching something,

    and I found this website in the search results. It caught my attention, so I clicked. It's exactly what I was looking for, and I didn't even know it!
    Jononymous Jononymous
    26-30, M
    3 Responses Feb 21
    deleted deleted
    6 Responses Jun 5, 2015
    deleted deleted
    4 Responses Mar 2

    I wish there was a way to filter experiences by

    age group. Sometimes I can tell the age just by what they say....
    Merrmaid Merrmaid
    36-40, F
    5 Responses Aug 31, 2015

    I was reading Internet articles on how to be

    supportive when your partner has intimacy issues and ended up here.
    Rdhdedbabe Rdhdedbabe
    51-55, F
    9 Responses Apr 2, 2015

    And I really enjoy it !

    How is everyone doing today ?
    Jennivee Jennivee
    22-25, F
    12 Responses Dec 12, 2015

    Read This Before You Message Me

    I found this site by accident and found it intriguing. I had been looking for a chat group or a place to make friends and talk to people. Almost everything you find involves people want to sex chat or sext. We each have different reasons for using this as an outlet. My main...
    ablondemoment ablondemoment
    36-40, F
    17 Responses Nov 14, 2013

    It was about 11:30 PM at night

    when everyone was slumbering away in their beds whilst I was browsing the web on my laptop. I can't remember what I searched up then wazza, I was on EP. It's been about three weeks now, and I haven't ran into a perv xD. Consider myself lucky, but overall I'm glad I stumbled upon...
    SirShivers SirShivers
    13-15, M
    Mar 17

    I found this site by accident

    and I have no idea how. Now after a short period of time they're "hitting pause" and the site will just be there but we cant use it... I'm incredibly sad as it never occurred to me that it would ever happen. So at this point I just want to say: Thank you EP. You've really helped...
    Caleyz Caleyz
    18-21, F
    5 Responses Apr 16

    I'm so glad I found EP,

    every day it brings a ? (smile) to my face . thanks EP for finding me, and now I'm in a long term lock in contract with this site. never leaving, never will :-)
    foReverYOURS3211 foReverYOURS3211
    26-30, F
    2 Responses Jul 22, 2015

    I came across this site by an accidental auto

    correct.... can't remember what it was thou... i find EP a great way to meet/cha tot new people M xx
    26-30, F
    1 Response Feb 28

    i was sad and looking

    for some stuff about "friends who don't care" and i found this site.. i opened and ohhhh!!! this is what i needed so much.i love sharing my thoughts and listening to other's.. it is always an amazing feeling to have some audience and to be an audience . so i thank Experience...
    anayach anayach
    18-21, F
    4 Responses Sep 7, 2015
    deleted deleted
    Aug 10, 2015

    Where to start? I didn't take advantage of this

    wonderful site and now it's coming to an end. Where shall we go from here?
    Jovexxi Jovexxi
    22-25, F
    4 Responses Apr 19

    I was googling some stuff

    and found this site. It was private stuff, got a private account, EP shut it all down, and now I have a new regular account.
    deleted deleted
    2 Responses Jan 26
    Mrskatearch Mrskatearch
    31-35, F
    5 Responses Sep 7, 2015

    Kinda wish I didn't but it's really alright

    as long as I stay away from the weirdos
    DiamondAuthority DiamondAuthority
    18-21, F
    Feb 18

    I didn't find this site by accident.

    Someone at school,a teacher, told me about this site and how I may join others who like what I do.
    deleted deleted
    3 Responses Mar 21
    heyitsme007 heyitsme007
    26-30, M
    1 Response Feb 24

    I found it by accident.

    And I am grateful for finding it. Why the **** couldn't this be out there when I was younger. It could of changed my whole life. It is changing my life now and it is for the good. I've never been so open about anything. And god dam does it feel good to express feelings and...
    bayleaves bayleaves
    36-40, F
    8 Responses Jun 15, 2014

    I found this site by accident originally

    and I'm glad I did. I'll miss it.... It's been a nice little escape.... Feeling the need to say my goodbyes as Thursday will roll around rather quickly and I'm yet to join any of the new groups that have emerged. Thanks to those who have listened, those that have shared...
    Natasha9696 Natasha9696
    18-21, F
    4 Responses Apr 18

    I was searching up something on depression

    and found this site. Well, that says a lot. Anyway, this place seems really interesting and I'm gonna give it a try ^^
    LastAlone LastAlone
    18-21, M
    5 Responses Mar 18
    Binkur Binkur
    31-35, M
    7 Responses Feb 29

    its been 4 years since i found found this site

    by accident. how about you? what are you gonna do now? certainly its not the end of this world, but still. farewell to EPiers.
    SsL919 SsL919
    22-25, M
    Mar 24

    So we all now know that EP is in its twighlight,

    I found this site by accident a few years ago and have left and came back again. It was in the post really if you think about it, the world has changed and will keep changing and security measures are now at an all time high. Hopefully you will all be able to find another way...
    Kennyken1971 Kennyken1971
    41-45, M
    Mar 24
    deleted deleted
    8 Responses Sep 13, 2015

    I don't even remember how I found this site,

    but after being here on and off for a few years, I think it'll probably be a blessing in disguise for it to be gone. I've wasted a lot of time on this site when I should've been connecting with people in the real world. I've shared intimate moments, some mature material...
    drrtymind drrtymind
    31-35, M
    Mar 24

    and for the first time.

    .I m hating it .
    snnowflake snnowflake
    22-25, F
    6 Responses Feb 29

    Reading "Erotica"

    I completely found this site by accident! And I love it!!! I don't do any other social networking sites because of my occupation. EP allows me to be me without showing my face!! I love reading erotica and that is how this site popped up and I am so excited about it. I have...
    sexiskey sexiskey
    46-50, F
    18 Responses Nov 22, 2013

    Let's face is minions of love :-) most

    if not all'a ya'll ended up here because this is where google sends the naughty searches ;-) don't even lie to yourselves babies... This is true, and here I am lmaoo
    deleted deleted
    11 Responses Apr 30, 2015

    So, true story... I'm pretty traditional

    and all. I'm not perfect, I have my temptations and I know my boundaries but anyway... One night, I woke up and witnessed my wife "m-b8ing" in bed next to me. The next day, I was very perplexed by this and didn't know how to approach the matter, so I started googling it, and...
    ScorpioPig83 ScorpioPig83
    31-35, M
    Mar 23

    I'm not sure how I found this site,

    but I'm glad I did. I have found a really nice person to talk with about many different things.
    abbydallas abbydallas
    36-40, F
    1 Response Jul 3, 2015

    I found this site looking

    for someone to physically take care of me and take me to their home and love me like a son. Over a year later and I'm still looking. Guess I was never meant to have a family. Only those who know my current situation from past posts are allowed to respond to this. Anyone else...
    deleted deleted
    3 Responses Feb 9

    i love how this site can help you find people

    that things in common with you
    kandiikisses248 kandiikisses248
    18-21, F
    3 Responses Jun 11, 2015

    While I was on the Internet recently,

    I found EP by accident. I was looking for a website for chatting with others; especially females who enjoy the same experiences I do. It brought up Experience Project or EP and I thought I would try it. So far, I am having a good time here. By the way girls, I am not bi at...
    countrygirlathome countrygirlathome
    36-40, F
    7 Responses Oct 25, 2015

    l think part of the reason

    why we hold on to something so tight is because we fear something so great won't happen twice.
    Ruben1970 Ruben1970
    41-45, M
    2 Responses Apr 20

    Time coming up to say "Good bye" !

    !!!!!. I am shocked today message from EP team that they are going to wind up EP community on coming 21st. My daily works start with opening EP and one of the best friends collections are here. I can't still believe that all will be loose. If anybody know other site same like EP...
    BenJimmy BenJimmy
    31-35, M
    1 Response Mar 24

    I was Googling one day about experiences

    and stumbled across a few of the stories and stayed a while...by the end of the evening I had my own account and now I couldn't go long without checking back. I love hearing others views and love answering the questions.
    ultimatehacker ultimatehacker
    31-35, M
    6 Responses Nov 6, 2014

    I probably already said this

    but I found this site while looking up what happens in a mental hospital XD yeah I was curious that day. Then I created an account, met a bunch of great people (and a few annoying perv bots), and connected with people I can actually talk to that understand me. I noticed this...
    srgamesalot srgamesalot
    16-17, M
    2 Responses Mar 23

    I remember I was googling a question about a

    guy I liked 2 years ago and EP popped up. And now I feel like my life would be so abnormal. I come on here everyday, talk to people, distract myself from all the people in this boring and judgmental town. And now it's being all shut down.
    PierceTheMaruaa PierceTheMaruaa
    13-15, F
    5 Responses Mar 23

    Literally by accident.

    Idk what I was searching and I came to this site saying that I have to sign up. I signed up and used a fake account and I've made many fake accounts before and I deleted them all. But trust me this account is real, it's the real me.
    deleted deleted
    2 Responses Mar 16

    I happened to stumble across this site

    when I was feeling really down and depressed about myself. I was looking for stories about other bisexual people having trouble in their life dealing with their feelings. I'm really glad I found this website because it's helped me feel better about myself and I've met some...
    HarleyQuinn830 HarleyQuinn830
    18-21, F
    5 Responses Nov 4, 2015
    deleted deleted
    6 Responses Jun 7, 2014

    I'm so glad I found it though!

    You guys are so much better than your average Twitter or Facebook user.
    wilzyp wilzyp
    22-25, M
    4 Responses Jun 18, 2015
    deleted deleted
    3 Responses Dec 29, 2014

    Yep and I'm so glad I did.

    I've met some really nice people on here . A lot of creepers too for sure lol But this has proved to be a great outlet thus far . Anonymous , raw , occasionally soul baring truths shared between strangers. Liberating actually
    ArtsyFaerie32 ArtsyFaerie32
    31-35, F
    6 Responses Oct 6, 2014

    I dumped my MySpace and Vampirefreaks accounts,

    and I looked on Wikipedia for a list of social networking sites and I found this one. It sounds good because you can have an experience based blog, effectively. So here I am. Kontaxi95.
    Kontaxi95 Kontaxi95
    18-21, F
    3 Responses Jan 16

    I came here with the heart of a child full of

    optimism and curiosity, I had very high expectation of certain culture because I grew up watching only the best kind of it on TV. When I came here I was very excited to connect with people from that culture and see what's the tv is all about, how foolish right? Lol. I forgot...
    deleted deleted
    6 Responses Oct 28, 2015

    I googled "green card marriage "

    and thanks to someone's writing I find this site. had never heard of it before but it's cool.
    GracefulKat GracefulKat
    36-40, F
    2 Responses Feb 25
    mimiromy mimiromy
    26-30, F
    5 Responses Feb 17

    It's good that there is a site

    where you can finally be yourself without being judged.
    Savannah247 Savannah247
    18-21, F
    10 Responses Aug 6, 2015
More Stories


text:
Siberian Husky Mix

Her name was Mason and we did everything together. She has been in my life for 8 years and was my sisters dog when she was just a puppy. When she out grew her puppy looks my sister wanted nothing more to do with her. Her looks never changed to me. She was the only survivor of 6 puppies and I loved her so much. As she got older and older she slowed down. She wasn't as fast or as playful anymore. I still loved her all the same.

I was in 8th grade the year she died. It was March 1 when we returned home from my sisters house in a different city. She wasn't there to greet us like usual. I shrugged it off thinking she just chased a squirrel somewhere and she was slow getting back. An hour passed and nothing from her. So I went in search of her. I walked all over my 16 acre farm and hollered her name. Nothing. I walked more and hollered suddenly a whine came from near our old garage so I ran to it and found her laying. I looked at her and she looked so sad. I knew she couldn't move. And i checked to see if she had broken something but she didn't seem to be in pain. She looked sick. I picked her up. An 8th grader picking up a 60-80 pound dog and walked back to our house. I laid her on a blanket and refused to leave her all night.

The next day I had to go to school. So I told my mom to make a vet appointment as soon as possible since she didn't have to work until 2. She didn't listen and thought she was fine. When I came home she was gasping for breath and i called my mom bawling and asked her to come take us to the vet and she did. She had had a stroke. And the next few days would be critical. She died hours later.

To this day I still cry. I still beat myself up for not doing something sooner. I blame my mom even though I know it wasn't her fault. That night when she died she took the only friend I had in this world away from me. I would give anything to see her again, to live like we used to. I would trade my life for hers in a heart beat because I believe she had more to offer than i did.
XxPictureMeBrokenxX XxPictureMeBrokenxX
16-17, F
May 11, 2012


text:
Germany preparing to mobilise once mighty Luftwaffe in response to Russia’s Crimea crisis

GERMANY is preparing to mobilise its once mighty Luftwaffe to patrol Europe's Russian border, it has been disclosed, as an international expert today warned placing Nato bases in former Soviet Union countries would further enrage Vladimir Putin.

 Germany is willing to provide military aircraft to Nato[AFP/GETTY]

Germany is the most important major player in Europe and Germany wants to send a message to Moscow saying 'we are not in Putin's pocket'.

Dr Igor Sutyagin

German media reported at the weekend that Berlin's defence ministry was ready to make available up to six aircraft for a strengthened air patrolling mission in parts of eastern Europe, and the number of Nato aircraft would be at least doubled as a response to the crisis in Crimea.

Berlin has been reluctant to involve the German military in foreign conflicts, and after the Second World War West Germany's constitution went so far as to prohibit any military action, except in case of an external attack against Germany or its allies.

Earlier this month US President Barack Obama said Nato needed to boost its presence in those eastern European partner states that feel vulnerable to Russia.

But German magazine Der Spiegel quoted German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier at the weekend as saying it was important for Nato to keep a cool head and not get dragged into a military escalation.

"At the same time, our partners know that we stand for solidarity in the alliance with no ifs and buts and not just when the weather suits," Der Spiegel quoted.

In response to the report, a defence ministry spokeswoman said any army mission must be first decided by politicians.

But once a political decision had been made "the army could take part in flights to patrol airspace with AWACS machines over Romania and Poland as well as training flights in the framework of a Nato air policing mission over Baltic states", she said.

Dr Igor Sutyagin, a research fellow at the Royal United Services Institution, said it is not unusual for Nato planes to carry out such missions, but it was notable that Germany was so keen to be involved in any missions.

He said: "Germany is the most important major player in Europe and Germany wants to send a message to Moscow saying 'we are not in Putin's pocket'."

He believes Russia's annexation of Crimea from Ukraine has fundamentally changed the relationship between the Kremlin and Nato.

He said: "These areas were neutral areas of no-mans land.

"It was promised there would be no Nato bases in the former Warsaw Pact countries, but now Putin's actions have undermined the general rule that borders can't be erased by force.

"These statements about closer ties with Nato, that's the first sign of this change in relationship occurring."

 Russian President Vladimir Putin signs a bill making Crimea and Sevastopol part of Russia [EPA]

The political instability in Ukraine began when ousted president Viktor Yanukovych shunned a deal to bring the country closer to the EU in favour of strengthening ties with Moscow.

After three months of protests, Yanukovych fled the country, provoking Mr Putin to mobilise troops in the strategically significantly region of Crimea.

Following a hastily arranged referendum in the peninsula earlier this month, Mr Putin formally brought the region back under Russian control despite overwhelming criticism from the West.

In his speech in Moscow just days after the referendum, Mr Putin made clear that the potential of Nato setting up a base in Crimea was one of his primary motivations for annexing the region.

He said: "Let me note too that we have already heard declarations from Kiev about Ukraine soon joining Nato. What would this have meant for Crimea and Sevastopol in the future?

"It would have meant that Nato’s navy would be right there in this city of Russia’s military glory, and this would create not an illusory but a perfectly real threat to the whole of southern Russia."

He added: "For all the internal processes within the organisation, Nato remains a military alliance, and we are against having a military alliance making itself at home right in our backyard or in our historic territory.

"I simply cannot imagine that we would travel to Sevastopol to visit Nato sailors."

Mr Putin and other officials have said that Russia has no intention of invading Ukraine.

Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu insisted today the Kremlin wants a "political settlement that would take into account interests and rights of the entire Ukrainian people" and had no intention to threaten Ukraine's statehood.


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Husky dogs, paragliding and night sledging: Best things to do in Valmorel

OUR writer discovers the magic of a sledging trip at twilight as she watches the sun set over Mont Blanc in the French Alps

Taking off under a wing like parachute to float down onto the snowy sun lit slopes Taking off under a ‘wing-like’ parachute to float down onto the snowy, sun-lit slopes [GETTY ]

What could be more uplifting than the chance to try paragliding in the Alps?  Taking off under a ‘wing-like’ parachute to float down onto the snowy, sun-lit slopes, wind in my face and stunning scenery below.

A once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, I thought, enthusiastically signing up for my trip to the Grand Domaine ski region, staying at the pretty ski-in/ski-out village of Valmorel.

Created in 1976, this purpose-built resort is a perfect base for a host of fun winter activities; the ideal location for a family-friendly trip.

Runs are challenging enough for intermediate skiers like me, yet there are enough gentle slopes for beginners progressing from morning ski school onto the mountains.

husky dog ride, skiing, france, Shoot through the snow on an exhilarating husky dog ride [GETTY ]

As we turned a bend, we were suddenly struck by the beautiful and dramatic view of Mont Blanc in the distance

In the afternoon, everyone can meet up on the slopes for lunch or to try a new sport, from snow-shoeing to husky-dog rides.

Valmorel itself is a low-rise resort, with wooden-clad buildings that blend into the landscape, and all around a pedestrianised village centre that’s just an hour’s drive from the nearest airport, Chambery.

My flight landed at Geneva but I still arrived at the hotel in under two hours. Small and compact, it has half a dozen cafes, a couple of bars and grocery shops all on the main street.

SLEDGING, MOUNTAIN, SKIIING, FRENCH ALPS, About to set off on a ‘snake glisse’ sledge ride down the mountain [GORRINGE ]

Conveniently for me, the best bar in town was in the three-star Hôtel du Bourg hotel, where I was staying. The cosy wood-burning fire and friendly staff made it a welcome après ski stop.

But first the skiing, and it couldn’t have been easier. My ski-hire shop was just round the corner with the efficient Altispace four-man chair lift to whisk me to the top of the mountain, 100 metres up the road.

The resort has a good selection of blue-category runs and, on the day I landed, plenty of low cloud at the top. The sun quickly burned this off and the views opened up in time to ski to the next valley to explore the neighbouring resort of Saint Francois Longchamp.

On the way down, La Petite Bergerie restaurant suddenly appeared at the side of the snowy slopes at 1,650 metres, as if by magic. Perfect timing for lunch. Top menu choice was Tartiflette (a creamy combination of potatoes, cheese, ham and – cream!) at Euros14.50 (£12).

With a big plate of side salad, it was big enough for two, and a great energy boost. Perfect for the planned afternoon activity, paragliding (known locally as para-pente). Here, an instructor straps into his twin harness with the wing-like chute on the snow behind. As you gently ski off the side of the mountain the chute fills with air and up you go!

That’s the theory, with safety, of course, being paramount. Sadly, the wind speed on the day of my scheduled trip was too strong so instead, it was off to the Col de la Madeleine.

This snow-covered mountain pass was where I was greeted by a team of very boisterous (and very cute!) husky dogs.

In summer, cyclists use this same route to race across in the Tour de France. But today, an instructor was on hand to teach us how to drive a team though I took the opportunity to sit back in the sledge for a rest..

Valmorel, sunset, Sunset stroll on the mountain above Valmorel [GORRINGE]

The sun did peep through the clouds but the fresh, January air temperature soon proved chilly once I’d stopped moving.  It’s an unmissable treat for animal-lovers but perhaps a husky-dog sledge ride is perhaps best left for a warm March day.

For me, the best was yet to come. After a full-day on the mountain, we arrived back in Valmorel – this time at the bottom of the Pierrafort cable car where skis were exchanged for a one-man sledge resembling a circular tea-tray.

As dusk fell, it was back in the cable car to the top of the mountain where ‘tea trays’ were clipped together into a snake-like line. With the ski instructor in front, we were off, laughing on our ‘snake-glisse’ ride down the slopes, this time for dinner at Le Prariond restaurant.

Great fun. As we turned a bend, we were suddenly struck by the beautiful and dramatic view of Mont Blanc in the distance, highlighted by the orange glow of the setting sun. Simply magical.

At the restaurant, a welcoming waiter handed me a glass of perfect, spicy vin chaude (mulled wine) which I sipped by the fire and was captivated by the view from the large, window overlooking the valley.

Three courses later, it was time to head off for my final leg of the journey, an unforgettable moonlit ‘snake-glisse’ ride to the bottom of the slope, and back into the village of Valmorel.

As for paragliding? There simply wasn’t time to rearrange it. Lucky me – I’ve got a great excuse to go back!

French Alps, The French Alps is the ideal location for a family-friendly trip [GETTY ]

The area: Valmorel is in the Grand Domaine ski area, one of 110 French resorts in Savoie Mont Blanc in the French Alps. See and

Where to stay: Double rooms at the Hôtel du Bourg start at €131 (£109) per night (including breakfast).

Where to eat: La Petite Bergerie, on the slope above Saint François Longchamp Restaurant Les Voiles du Nant (Slopes above Valmorel)

Activities: Snake Gliss Valmorel - 50€ (£41.50) including dinner with wine at Le Pariond restaurant or 13€ (£10.80) for the descent only.  Dog sledding in Saint François Longchamp - 50€ (£41.50) adults – 35€ (£29) per child

Package holidays: Crystal Ski are currently offering one-week trips to Hôtel du Bourg, leaving this week from £499 per person (reduced from £718). This is based on two sharing, flying from London Stansted. A six-day lift pass costs £196 per person and ski hire for £55 (£220 for four).

Inghams have the Hotel Village Club du Soleil for 7 nights, on a ski inclusive basis from £3,479 for a family of two adults and two children. Price includes all lift passes, ski and boot hire, lunches, wine with dinner, snowshoe outings, ski hosting with the local ski school.  Return flights from Gatwick to Chambery and resort transfers. (Regional UK flights available from £29 extra)


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Visual Prose

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Playlist: Top Ten Pop Tracks Of 2012

on Monday, February 11, 2013
Words: Alison Potter, Emily Solan, and Saam Das

Sometimes we don't give pop quite the attention it deserves at FADED GLAMOUR. Then again, our definition of pop is probably looser than most people's. Anyway, here our ten favourite pop tracks of 2012, in a handy YouTube playlist. Gingers, Koreans, Girl Power - we've got it all covered.

#10 Solange - 'Losing You'

When she's not going around and slagging off music blogs, Beyonce's little sister is busy wowing music blogs. Co-written by Dev Hynes, whose musical career continues to confound and amaze, 'Losing You' is a surprisingly experimental slice of sparkling pop.

#9 Adele - 'Skyfall'

It might not have dazzled in the way we initially expected but Paul Epworth and Adele eventually grew to meet the weight of expectations. The latest Bond theme fit in magnificently with the stunning opening titles sequence of 'Skyfall'. Sombre and stirring.

#8 Girls Aloud - 'Something New'

'Something New' was Girls Aloud's first track is three years, and is probably up there as one of their best. Catchy and danceable - combining the classic Girls Aloud sound with the girls own individual solo styles to create Girls Aloud 2.0.

#7 Psy - 'Gangnam Style'

Is there anything we really need to say about this K-pop sensation? Coming up to 1.3 BILLION views on YouTube is an incredible achievement whatever you think of the track. And we actually still think it's pretty high up on the 2012 pop scale. Totally bonkers in more than one sense #oppanGangnamstyle

#6 Ed Sheeran - 'Drunk'

Ed Sheeran has typically been a divisive figure in the pop world since he broke through - loved by his legion of fans, spurned by many others as middle-of-the-road dross. We were won over by Ed's performance of 'Drunk' on 'The Graham Norton Show' of all places - his sincerity and strength of songwriting coming through to the extent that the stripped down live version far exceeded its recorded counterpart.

#5 Sub Focus ft Alpines - 'Tidal Wave'

It's quite possible to argue that neither Sub Focus or Alpines are pop acts. Regardless, their unexpected and brilliant collaboration proved to be electro-pop magic, with a storming drum and bass undertone.

#4 Carly Rae Jepsen - 'Call Me Maybe'

It took us a while to get into Carly Rae Jepsen's dominant anthem but thanks to Steve Kardynal's ChatRoulette version and Cookie Monster's 'Share It Maybe', we soon saw the joy that 'Call Me Maybe' brought to the world. Hopefully it brings a smile to your faces.

#3 Ellie Goulding - 'Figure 8'

After 2010's underwhelming debut record 'Lights', we weren't sure that Ellie Goulding was going to do anything to impress us second time round. Our cynicism gave away when 'Anything Should Happen' appeared before being entirely blown away by the incredible 'Figure 8'.

#2 Taylor Swift - 'We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together'

We're not quite sure whether it was Swifty convincing us that she’ll never get back with him, or her own attempts to convince herself that she shouldn’t do it. Nonetheless, the situation provided us with one of the best pop songs ever written. It’s possibly 2012’s answer to Girl Power.

#1 Usher - 'Climax'

Until we heard Mt. Wolf's heartfelt cover of 'Climax', we had no idea that this track even existed. Yet we felt the power of Usher's incredible falsetto and Diplo's swirling electro production immediately. Potentially a career peak for the aforementioned duo but we very much hope to see them return and try to top this astoundingly powerful effort.

Listen to all the tracks in the playlist at YouTube or in the embed above.

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Group hosting free meal, poker

February 6, 2013
Kylie Saari - Staff Writer , Fairmont Sentinel

FAIRMONT - A group of local men is hosting a poker tournament this weekend, hoping the event becomes an annual affair.

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UPDATE: The Watering Hole is still standing proud this morning, although on an even smaller patch of sand, after a night of large waves and high tides.

The pub sent out this message on it's Facebook page today: "We survived the worst one yet, lets hope that is it for this year."

Falmouth Packet:

People were warned to stay away from pub on Perranporth Beach as the popular pub braced for what was feared would be its final battle against high tides and huge waves.

With the wind shifting to the north west, and combining with huge waves and high tides, there were fears that recent defences may not see out the next high tide as the shift in the wind to the NW today, it was in a "vulnerable position".

The sea moves inexorably closer ton Monday afternoon.

Falmouth Packet:

Workers had been shoring up defences with diggers shifting tonnes of sand in a bid to protect the pub.

Staff tweeted on Monday morning: "This mornings storm was like no other, the water was pressing up against the walls taking six foot of the bank away with a monster swell. The sea was powering up against the building gushing through the front. With winds turning to NW later and swells building through the day we are going to be faced with something quite spectacular."

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Pop quiz: What is Voxer? If you're scratching your head, it's time to read up on the trendy new social media apps kids are using. Friending your child on Facebook is now just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to online safety. Click through to see some of the sites and apps tweens and teens are flocking to these days, and get useful tips for protecting your child from cyberbullying and other online safety hazards. Have you heard about a new app causing safety concerns? Please share in the comments! Also, check out these 10 apps that can help you monitor your child online.
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From this profile you will find 1 album, 15 songs, and key facts about Maccabees!

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- About Your Dress 2007
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Win an “ENEMY” Poster, Signed by Denis Villenueve

Denis Villenueve’s enigmatic ENEMY sure is something. A surreal journey of doppelgangers, spiders and encroaching anxiety, the film has been boggling audiences; minds in select cities this month. In anticipation of an even wider expansion this Friday, March 28 and the true freaky feeling you’ll feel upon film’s end, A24 Films and FANGORIA are giving away a special poster signed by writer-director Villenueve.

ENEMY tells the story of “a university lecturer named Adam (Gyllenhaal) who is nearing the end of a relationship with his girlfriend Mary (Laurent). One night, while watching a film, Adam spots a minor actor who looks just like him. Consumed by the desire to meet his double, Adam tracks down Anthony, an actor living with his pregnant wife Helen (Gadon) and engages him in a complex and dangerous struggle. The film is a haunting and provocative psychosexual thriller about duality and identity, where in the end only one man will survive.”

ENEMY is truly all sorts of weird, never pushing for an easy, “here’s what really happened.” Instead, it’s an eerie piece of work with a final image you’ll likely not forget. The film expands to a slate of theaters this weekend (including the lovely Pelham Picture House in Pelham, NY!). If you’ve seen, or plan to see and would like to win the below poster with Denis Villenueve’s signature, please email Sam@Fangoria.com with “ENEMY” in the subject and tell me the quote from Jose Saramago’s novel”The Double” that opens the film.

For more on ENEMY, see its full list of theaters and playdates here, and check out our review here.

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Samuel Zimmerman
Fangoria.com Managing Editor Samuel Zimmerman has been at FANGORIA since 2009, where fresh out of the Purchase College Cinema Studies program, he began as an editorial assistant. Since, he’s honed both his writing and karaoke skills and been trusted with the responsibility of jury duty at Austin’s incredible Fantastic Fest. Zimmerman lives in and hails from The Bronx, New York where his pants are too tight and he’ll watch anything with witches.
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Investments Surprises Extended Care: A Patchwork of Possibilities When Special Care Is Needed: The Special Needs Trust

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