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Home From The Shop Floor Industrial Cleaning Overview

Industrial Cleaning Overview

In the World of Industrial Cleaning, there are numerous methods both mechanical and chemical. Blasting with shells, glass beads, sand, water —even dry ice and the application of chemical solvents , degreasers and other surface cleaners is commonplace and a billion dollar industry. Think about it. For everything you want to re and re, build, paint, plate, coat or in some way finish, a cleaner is used.

Cleaners With A Purpose

Each cleaner type has a specific purpose for which they are intended and work by one of two methods.

Solvent based cleaners remove contaminant by dissolving or thinning the deposit out, spreading it over a larger area or volume but not completely cleaning the surface. The only way to get it completely clean is to rinse with a solvent or use a vapour degreaser.

Water based cleaners emulsify or break-up the contaminant into extremely small particles which are carried off by the cleaner. A detergent action helps keep the particles in suspension. A rinse with fresh water makes a surface completely clean. Oils can sometimes separate and float to the top where they can be skimmed and the cleaner reused to reduce hazardous waste.

Specific additives are sometimes added to enhance characteristics or to make the cleaner more suitable for its intended use. These additives include:

• Builders,

• Chelating Agents

• Emulsifiers

• inhibitors

• Sequestering Agents

• Surfactants.

Methods Of Industrial Cleaning

There are two main types of cleaning processes. One uses chemicals, the other does not. These can be referred to as chemical and mechanical methods.

Mechanical Methods

It doesn’t really do much good to simply spray something on the grime you want to remove. You at least need to wipe it off. This is mechanical action. As a rule of thumb, the more mechanical action applied, the better the end result.

Mechanical methods are those means and machines used to either complete the cleaning process or used in conjunction with a chemical method. These include  the basics like hand or power tool scrubbing, brushing, rubbing, or abrading; They also include other specialized processes like high pressure blasting using water, shells, glass beads, sand, and other medium some of which are better than others. There is also hot air stripping,  dry ice blasting, laser ablation and ultra and megasonics —even plasma and xenon flash lamps, all of which will be discussed in detail in a future issue. Steam, supercritical fluids and low pressure sprays are also methods of mechanical cleaning.

Chemical Methods

Cleaning with chemicals is probably the most common methods used in the widest range of industries. This involves the application of a chemical agent either at full concentration or mixed and formulated for a specific type of cleaning. Chemical methods often incorporate mechanical actions in their application, either at the time of application, or the time of removal, or both. There are also other factors which contribute to a chemical methods efficiency.

Getting The Most From Your Cleaners.Everbody_cleans-sidebar

Chemical cleaning methods require the use of consumables; And they cost money. Often inexpensive in the big picture, using one or more of the following application factors, a cleaner can be used more efficiently and for better cleaning.

Mechanical Action - As described above, using a brush, pressure cleaner or agitation, increases a cleaners effectiveness. Generally speaking, the more violent the mechanical action, the better and deeper the net cleaning will be.

Contact Time - One of the most important factors. The time the cleaning agent is allowed to react with the contaminants. All to often a cleaner is applied them removed without giving it any real chance to do its job. Longer times increase effectiveness. It should be noted that the area should be kept wet with solution. This can be accomplished by wrapping the parts in food wrap or shrink wrap to limit exposure to the air.

Temperature - Adjusting the Temperature of the solution can also have a dramatic effect. Heating up to 90°C will greatly increase some cleaners cleaning power. When mixing concentrates, always use hot or warm water.

Concentration - Adjusting the strength of a cleaning solution will also increase its effectiveness. More and more, industrial cleaners are being sold in concentrated form to be cut by the user to the strengths required. Using a concentrate that you dilute for various purposes goes a long way in the savings department and doesn’t compromise your cleaning needs.

Types Of Cleaners

Chemical cleaning agents are divided into three major types: Aqueous (water-based), solvent based or petroleum based.

Grease, oil, crud, animal and vegetable fats, smoke, soot, dust, oxidation, rust, scale, mineral deposits paint, ink, adhesives, wax and rubber are a few of the various materials which require industrial cleaners for their removal. Each presents a specific challenge and requires a specific cleaner type.

Solvents - Solvent are derivatives of volatile organic compounds or hydrocarbons (petroleum products) and can be used n two ways: to remove a substance, or to put a substance on. They accomplish both by thinning other materials.

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC’s) are those liquids which evaporate or volatize in air. Since they dissolve many other substances, VOC’s are widely used as cleaning and liquifying agents in fuels, degreasers, solvents, polishes, etc. VOC’s are grouped in five categories:

• Ketones ~ from acetone to diisobutyl ketones

• Alcohols ~ from Isopropyl to hexylene glycol

• Ethers ~ isopropyl ether and MTBE

• Glycol Ethers

• Esters of Glycol Ether.

Petroleum Distillates

Petroleum distillates is a term commonly used term to refer to aliphatic hydrocarbons which can be divided into two groups: petroleum distillates and synthetic paraffinic hydrocarbons. Petroleum distillates include:

• mineral spirits,

• kerosene

• white spirits

• naptha

• aromatics – i.e. toluene &  xylene

• Stoddard solvent.

These products may contain traces of benzene and other aromatics. They are flammable at room temperature.

Paraffinic hydrocarbons have lower flammability, lower aromatic content and a narrower boiling range than petroleum distillates. They are also more expensive.

Petroleum distillates have a low surface tension which allows them to penetrate and clean small spaces. They work well on hard to clean organic contaminants like heavy oil, tar, grease and wax and typically can handle high soil loads.

Usually used in immersion systems, when the cleaning power of the both is exhausted, the entire bath must be replaces. Disposal is by approved incineration.

Petroleum distillates are compatible with most materials, including elastomers. Mineral spirits however may not be compatible with EPDM, SBR and silicone.

Aqueous Cleaners

Water based or aqueous cleaners are grouped according to their pH value. With pH7 being neutral, solutions with a pH higher than seven (pH8~14) are said to be alkaline while those below pH7 are said to be acidic. Pure water has a pH of 7.

The two most common aqueous solutions used are neutral and alkaline.

Aqueous Acidic. Acidic cleaners are effective in cleaning oxidation, rust, lime scale, mineral deposits, protein and blood from metals, glass, chrome, ceramics,  plastics, rubber, wood, and concrete products. They can also be used clean aluminum without etching and to remove scale from welding and heat treating.

Common acids found in acidic cleaners include sulphuric, nitric and hydrochloric. Organic acids include acetic, oxalic and cresylic acid. Nitric and hydroflouric acids are also used for brightening stainless steels which become pitted from prolonged exposure to acids which contain chlorides. Some types of stainless steel will rust or dissolve under acidic conditions. Contact between stainless steels and hydrochloric or heated sulphuric acid should be minimized.

If parts are to be painted, cleaning in a phosphoric acid solution forms a phosphate coating which provides a level of corrosion protection.

Acidic cleaners are poor at removing oil, grease and rosin flux. Other contaminants —especially inorganics— are either removed or dissolved by acidic cleaners.

Aqueous Alkalines.

Alkaline aqueous solutions are the most common form of cleaning chemistry. They are water-based mixtures with a pH of greater than 7. Most range in pH from 10 – 24. This does not mean however, that they can be easily disposed of down the drain; pH adjustments to neutralize are required before disposal.

Alkaline cleaners are blended from alkaline hydroxides such as borates, carbonates, phosphates or silicates and often contain additives such as sequestering agents, emulsifiers and surfactants to improve cleaning. Inhibitors are also necessary with some metals, especially aluminum.

Alkaline cleaners can be anionic, caustic or neutral. Nonionic cleaners are lower foaming and are generally better for applications using agitation or sprays and require less rinsing.

Since these cleaners may be used in a wide range of temperatures they have an increased suitability as general purpose cleaners. Alkaline solutions are used with all types of liquid processes such as sprays, ultrasonics, immersion systems and power washers.

Alkalines are most useful in removing grease, lubricants, coolants, cutting fluids, shop dirt, fingerprints, cosmolene, petrolatum, wax, rubber, drawing compounds, rust, scale, salts, fingerprints, polishing and buffing compounds, most protein-based stains, and some water-soluble paints, inks and adhesives.

Alkaline cleaners are available for most metals, chrome, polycarbonates and plastics, vinyl, glass, mirrors, plexiglass, ceramic coatings and other materials and coatings.

Some metals are very susceptible to etch from alkaline cleaners. To reduce this possibility, particularly with high pH cleaners, inhibitors such as silicates, chromate, sodium zincate, are added. Inhibitor materials must be thoroughly rinsed to avoid problems with coating or plating operations.

Aqueous alkaline cleaners have been used successfully to clean mild and stainless steel and irons. Flash corrosion may be a problem with some materials. Materials which require inhibitors or are susceptible to etching include aluminum, brass, magnesium, tin, lead and terneplate. Strong alkalines do not attack Titanium unless chelating agents are present.

Aqueous Neutral.

Neutral solutions are mixtures of water and other chemicals with a pH near 7. The chemicals may include surfactants, corrosion inhibitors and other additives and work well when a high degree of chemical solvency is not needed.

Neutral solutions are used in spray and ultrasonic equipment but are not ideal for immersion processes which depend more on chemical action.

The major issues with a neutral solutions are the possible requirement of a drying system to prevent corrosion and water quality. Hard water cleans differently than soft water.

Depending on the chemicals in solution, neutral aqueous solutions may be used to remove chlorides and other salts, organic contaminants and particulate.

The important thing to remember when choosing a cleaner is “Like Cleans Like”.

Try to identify the contaminant to select the best cleaner for the job. Petroleum-based residue is best cleaned with an alkaline or solvent-based cleaner, followed by a water rinse.

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Are your strategy discussions stuck in an echo chamber?

Are your strategy discussions stuck in an echo chamber?

By Werner Rehm and Anurag Srivastava

Building a “market-momentum case”—based on external as well as internal data—can help executives allocate resources more effectively and identify new sources of value.

Sometimes, companies can inadvertently lose sight of the big picture when setting business strategies and targets. Line managers and senior executives hold overly optimistic views about projects and performance, and they use mostly internal data to develop plans around major product lines or individual customer segments or regions.1

As a result, they often end up with the familiar “hockey stick” plan—a projection that performance will sail upward after a brief early dip to account for up-front investment. This forecast does not reflect market realities, so the company consistently underperforms against the plan given market pressures, under-investment, or both.

A multinational industrial company learned this the hard way. Analysts and investors questioned the company’s ability to grow profitably in a market that was under significant price pressure from new entrants. Yet senior executives at the company continued to insist it was possible. They based their optimism on, among other things, market intelligence from line managers about customer preferences, and on a business plan that assumed efficiencies would compensate for decreased prices—and that margins would, therefore, not deteriorate.

Armed with this optimistic view, the company did not make big moves to capitalize on the advantages it held over new entrants. After several quarters in which the company missed its growth and margin targets, the share price dropped sharply. Senior management realized it had to revise both the company’s strategy and its communication to investors about its strategic targets.

Clearly, there is no benefit to conducting strategy discussions in an echo chamber. Companies need to factor external perspectives into their resource-allocation conversations. And executives must be willing to challenge their own assumptions about whether the baselines and metrics they are using are the correct ones.

A full “market-momentum case” can help them do that. It provides a dispassionate forecast of where a company’s economics are going rather than where they have been. It demonstrates how any changes in end markets, competitors, prices, and other external variables will affect a company’s profits, cash flow, and valuation if no action is taken. The market-momentum case can serve as a solid starting point for strategy discussions; it can also serve as a useful benchmark against which to measure all business plans.

In our experience, when executives consider the market-momentum case alongside existing strategic plans, they typically end up in engaged conversations about how investments, targets for growth, and cost-reduction initiatives may complement one another and be successful—a far cry from the relative silence in the echo chamber.

Why the market-momentum case?

Consider the standard strategy-setting process: managers develop a “base case” that outlines financials and other targets over the next three to five years. To meet senior leaders’ and the board’s expectations, managers tell a hopeful story in the base case—demonstrating continual improvement in margins and financial impact, and minimizing inevitable obstacles to growth. After all, who ever got promoted by pushing a strategic plan that predicted declining margins and stagnation?

That is when the hockey sticks emerge. No one is explicitly discussing core questions, such as: Why do we believe the company can grow faster than the market in two years? Exactly which investments are supporting this optimistic outlook, and are these investments accurately reflected in the operating plan for the next 12 months? How might this base case be offset by pricing pressure? What’s more, managers’ biases toward overconfidence and overoptimism can affect not just strategic-planning discussions but also other complex business conversations about, for instance, acquisitions, cost transformations, and divestitures.2 More forecasts, more hockey sticks.

A market-momentum case gives the company a holistic view of how profit and loss, the balance sheet, and corporate value will be affected if the company follows market growth, cost development, and pricing dynamics without taking any countervailing actions.

Executives often hesitate to present such an integrated economic case, fearing that it might result in a corporate valuation below the current market value of the company. This, however, is the point: if companies don’t make explicit strategic investments to increase value or take direct actions to improve operations, they may drift with the market and deteriorate quickly. A discussion that starts with the market-momentum case can help to ensure that alternatives are being debated, actions are being supported by investment, and everyone is aware of the risks and challenges.

Building the market-momentum case

There is no one right way to build a market-momentum case; individual companies will have varying types of external data at their disposal and will be at different starting points in their strategy and resource-allocation discussions. It is critical, however, that the market-momentum case be built without advocacy from the parties involved. In this regard, the CFO or chief strategy officer (CSO) may be in the best position to lead the effort. Even in scenarios in which the business-unit leaders have deep market perspectives and insights, the CFO or CSO can provide a useful reality check, as these leaders are typically seen as relatively dispassionate arbitrators.

To successfully build a market-momentum case, companies and planning teams should take the following four steps:

1.Take inventory

The first step is to consider the company’s performance over the past five years. This step requires a thorough review of a range of corporate metrics—for example, organic growth, return on invested capital, capital injection for growth, and mergers and acquisitions. But these measures alone will not present the whole picture. Company performance must be evaluated against end-market performance over the same period; the latter can be assessed using variables such as market growth, market share, and average industry margins. The goal of this exercise is to give planning teams and executives an accurate understanding of the business context and the choices still available to them: What new product-development initiatives or acquisitions has the company pursued previously, how successful were they really, and what opportunities are still left in the pipeline?

2. Identify the end-market momentum

The next step is to map all of the company’s products to their customer end markets. This process might be simple if the company is organized according to end markets; in today’s global businesses, however, this is often not the case. To understand the issue, let’s consider a company in the high-tech industry that designs and manufactures thousands of SKUs across many lines of businesses—for instance, power converters, digital and analog microchips, discrete semiconductor chips, and similar parts. The company’s growth plans were informed by an aggregated look at all the segments, resulting in projections that seemed aggressive. Upon their review of products and end markets, however, executives realized that more than 80 percent of the high-tech company’s products were going primarily to three major markets: a consumer-driven end market, an infrastructure market, and an Internet of Things (IoT) market.

Taking the outside view helped a technology company better understand its opportunities for growth.

This perspective on “where we play” was not at all reflected in the company’s business structure, which was oriented according to product lines, not end markets. The findings prompted the CSO to analyze internal and external market research and to interview experts on growth in these end markets and the development of average sale prices. The CSO then used the data to develop a completely revised perspective on what the top line of the market-momentum case would be: slow growth in the consumer market, shrinkage in the infrastructure market, and high growth in the IoT market (Exhibit 1).

3. Analyze the margin momentum

In many companies, margins for the entire product portfolio will change as the product mix does. A market-momentum case will pressure-test whether the trajectory of margins for the portfolio is stable in the wake of these shifts. An explicit forecast of product- or segment-level margins is particularly warranted in the presence of certain, inevitable industry trends—drugs coming off patent, for example, or inflation in the cost of product inputs.

The central strategy team in one healthcare-equipment company was reviewing the company’s investment in a technology-driven-product market. Through external interviews and market research, the team learned that, within three to five years, Asian competitors were planning to bring to that market a technology with functionality similar to the healthcare company’s own. Margins in that product segment would be under significant pressure—a fact that was not reflected in the team’s base-case projections. Under pressure to show an optimistic base case, the leader of that product segment simply assumed that the company could reduce costs to make up for any drop in price. There was no explicit discussion about whether such a move was possible or whether there were appropriate investments against this plan. The P&L in the market-momentum case, however, showed a different picture: product margins for the whole company would significantly deteriorate under this scenario. The strategy team used the market-momentum case to start a discussion about how much investment would be needed to counteract competitors’ moves and whether strategic alternatives, like a sale, might be warranted.

4. Value the momentum case

A market-momentum case, once established, should be used to assess implied shareholder value. Many companies use a discounted-cash-flow model to determine the value of a business plan, which will often show a value per share that is 20 to 50 percent above the market. By contrast, a market-momentum case, when done right, may reveal a figure close to or even below current valuation or analysts’ targets—a scenario that is not only acceptable but also likely in a company’s life cycle. We also find that the market-momentum case often reflects the starting point of a typical investor’s view of a company. Consequently, an explicit discussion of the value implied by the market-momentum case can help to educate board members; they begin to realize that investors do understand market trends and price the company relatively fairly (Exhibit 2). And the board and senior management can better explain to investors how they believe the company will overcome market momentum and outperform peers.

Valuation based on market momentum will be lower than value implied by investors and analysts.

Implementing the market-momentum case

It often does not take much time to develop a market-momentum case; this was true even before the advent of digital tools and analytic methods. Teams generally spend most of their time trying to understand external market forecasts and competitive trends. Even so, modern digital tools (for instance, cloud-based analytics) can make the development and continuous refinement of a market-momentum case easier for planning teams to manage. Indeed, companies can integrate the tools and approaches that best fit within their existing strategic planning processes.

If the company has a top-down strategic planning process, the corporate center (CFO or CSO office) should centrally define the end markets to which the overall company is exposed and provide relevant data to the business units that deliver products to the markets—for instance, information about total-addressable-market (TAM) size and growth forecasts. This centralized approach will ensure a consistent application of market-momentum insights across a company in which multiple businesses may sell to the same end market. In practice, there would be some healthy back and forth among the business units and the corporate center, as the business units’ proximity to customers may present opportunities to update the end-market perspective.

If the company has a bottom-up strategic planning process, the company could adopt a flexible, decentralized model in which the business units lead the development of a market-momentum case. The central corporate-planning team may find it challenging to reconcile the different data points and methodologies used by individual business units; some may weight TAM over growth forecasts, for example. But they can mitigate this problem by mandating that business units make important market assumptions transparent, which CFO and CSO teams can reconcile or override, if needed.

So how should the CFO consider the market-momentum case amid all the plans, targets, aspirations, and goals within the typical complex organization? The short answer is, it depends. Executives at the corporate center, for instance, can use a market-momentum case to set targets and metrics that hold the business units accountable for key performance indicators that demonstrate outperformance. Alternately, executives can use a market-momentum case to identify potential gaps in the product portfolio, as well as the big strategic moves that can address those gaps. In the case of the healthcare-equipment company cited earlier—the one facing pressure associated with a core technology—the planning team was prompted to realistically assess whether the company should develop a lower-cost, replacement technology, or an exit strategy.

A strategic-planning process that systematically incorporates the “outside view” in near- and long-term planning can drive executives out of their echo chambers. Rather than being overoptimistic about company performance, they can use a market-momentum plan to increase internal transparency and boost the effectiveness of management planning.

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April 14, 2006

First Person:

Trying walking out to the Library

By Al Carlos Hernandez

Last week, half a million people, mostly Latinos, walked out of school and work at the urging of a few Latino DJ’s. As a former Spanish media Station manager, I am impressed at the power of the medium, yet disappointed that they used their bully pulpit to encourage young people to disrespect the importance of school.

Everyone knows that Latinos have an abysmally high drop out rate, it seems those who needed the remediation the most were the first ones to leave and the last ones to come back.

I have first hand knowledge that you do not need a diploma or even a GED to be a Polin or Cucui. Big respect to the brothers who are racking up huge listener numbers, making Spanish radio number one in many of the top markets in the country. Homies need to use their power for the good not the gregarious.

Young Latinos need to be advised by qualified elders to stop dropping out, stop having illegitimate kids, stop using drugs, stop gang banging, register to vote, and vote, go to college, buy homes, own businesses and re-build our communities.

Walking out of school causing disrespect for the educational institution which are now heavily represented by qualified bi-lingual, bi-cultural and sometimes bi-sexual staff, is like walking out of the Doctors office after being diagnosed with a case of extreme stupidity.

Next time try a sit in, in the school library. That is the last place they would suspect to find Latinos. As a former fuzzy haired protestor myself, I would gladly volunteer to do a teach-in. Most walkouts we did back in the day usually ended up as a walk to the liquor store, and a party thereafter.

No one knows the socio-political ramifications of the walk out yet. Spanish media moguls, who have no more of a political consciousness than Gringo media moguls, are no doubt working 24-7 re-writing adverting media packages touting the fact that advertising on Spanish radio really works. Radio Commercial prices will go up Spanish DJ’s will make more money, Mom and Pop businesses will fund it.

No question that the Immigration issue is a serious class based concern. My opinion is that the bravest from countries that have failed come here to find a new life and are willing to work hard to feed their families, they ironically enough, know a quality education can break the cycle of class based poverty.

I wanted to fault the recent HBO movie, Walkout, which I consider “Moctesuma Esparza’s revenge”, his self- congratulatory biopic about the walkouts in LA back in the day, for inspiring the insurrection, but it wasn’t.

If it was the cause and the culprit, marchers would have gone directly to HBO with tar and feathers. They can be responsible for starting the Buzz word “walkout”. Media gadfly’s and the chronically truant picked up the gauntlet and ran with it, whereby making the concept retro-cool.

Executive Producers of the film were wise enough to go directly to cable broadcast rather than movie houses because the story was so pedantically contrived, poorly written, and with the exception of the young Actress Alexa Vega from Spy Kids, abysmally acted. Walkout would be a reaction to the film rather than its title.

Before I’m accused of player hating, just compare the Walkout film in content, storyline, and pacing against any other HBO film, and then draw an objective conclusion. Just because something is of Latino socio-cultural value doesn’t mean it is good.

A historically important film like this had to be made, but is should have been a Documentary, and made a compulsory legitimate part of National High School curriculum.

It was Che Guevara, who said, “We have a tendency to show our disrespect for the people by our lack of giving the quality”.

I surmise that if Che were around today, tortuous in this body politic, he would be critical of the apolitical, egregious and irresponsible capitalistic posturing of Spanish radio; he would take the licensing fees from the use of his image on T shirts and teach the next generation the value of reading.

Al Carlos Hernandez writes from Hollywood.

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Tuesday, October 9, 2018

Blythe of the Gates by Leah Erickson

Do your characters seem to hijack the story, or do you feel like you have the reigns to the story?

I did have one character who was completely unpredictable and had a life of his own, and that is Sean, the Irish gangster who wants to win Luna’s heart. Now days this young man would most likely be diagnosed with ADHD. But he was a total disruptive influence in my writing. I never knew what crazy thing he would say or do next. I was actually caught off guard by the letters he wrote from prison. I felt I was literally channeling a spirit or something. I would literally laugh out loud at stuff that he said. But that’s the best part of writing, When the author is actually surprised. That’s when I know there is life in the work and everything is flowing as it should!

Blythe of the Gates
by Leah Erickson
Genre: Historical Fiction

Can the gates of perception be bypassed?
A rash love affair with a member of the Irish Mafia catapults Luna Mulkerrins into scandal, murder, scorn and decadent friendships in Ragtime Manhattan. Escaping from the blaze of publicity, a new Luna emerges: Blythe of the Seven Gates. Her meteoric rise as a magician leads to fame, vaudeville, silent movies and the notoriety of a damaging court case. Can Luna reclaim her reputation and reinvent herself as an independent woman of the time?

From Leah Erickson, author of The Brambles, winner of the Crime Fiction award from the IPA.

Goodreads * Amazon

Covered in cracked, brown leather and very old, the box had rows of hammered
brass tacks along its edges, the lock held shut with a heavy latch of blackened
metal. Only the Magician was allowed to use the key, and he kept it in his breast
pocket at all times.
Luna knew about the faded red velvet lining. And she knew how the antique
metal hinges creaked when he opened it. She knew about the ancient smell of
mildewed newspaper, the smell of trapped life, the smell of time passed by …
“Luna. Open your eyes and look at it!”
Why the Magician did this to her, she did not know. Some nights when he was
in a particularly wicked mood, he'd take the box down from the top of his closet
and make Luna look inside, even though she turned away, and shut her eyes to it.
This made him laugh. “Girl, I am your husband. Listen to me! Look at it.”
But it was unbearable, to look straight into it, because it hurt. Looking straight
into the thing was like looking straight into the sun; when she shut her eyes, she
saw pulsing blood, red and floating orbs …
To look inside the box was to feel dissolution, deep down in her very center,
spreading out and out until she had no more edges to her.

But once she did look, it was so hard to look away again.

Leah Erickson is the author of the novel "The Brambles" (2017) and "Blythe of the Gates." She is the recipient of the 2018 Independent Press Award and the Independent Book Award. Her short fiction has appeared in many magazines and journals in print and online, including The Fabulist, Pantheon Magazine, The Saint Ann's Review, Eclectica, The Coachella Review, and many more. She lives near Newport, Rhode Island with her husband and daughter.

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for exclusive excerpts, guest posts and a giveaway!

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HSE and Thermal Comfort - the six basic factors

The most commonly used indicator of thermal comfort is air temperature – it is easy to use and most people can relate to it. However, air temperature alone is not a valid or accurate indicator of thermal comfort or thermal stress. It should always be considered in relation to other environmental and personal factors.

The six factors affecting thermal comfort are both environmental and personal. These factors may be independent of each other, but together contribute to an employee’s thermal comfort.

Environmental Factors

Air temperature: This is the temperature of the air surrounding the body. It is usually given in degrees Celsius (°C).

Radiant temperature: Thermal radiation is the heat that radiates from a warm object. Radiant heat may be present if there are heat sources in an environment.

Radiant temperature has a greater influence than air temperature on how we lose or gain heat to the environment.

Examples of radiant heat sources include: the sun; fire; electric fires; ovens; kiln walls; cookers; dryers; hot surfaces and machinery, molten metals etc.

Air velocity: This describes the speed of air moving across the employee and may help cool them if the air is cooler than the environment. Air velocity is an important factor in thermal comfort for example:

• Still or stagnant air in indoor environments that are artificially heated may cause people to feel stuffy. It may also lead to a build-up in odour.
• Moving air in warm or humid conditions can increase heat loss through convection without any change in air temperature.
• Physical activity also increases air movement, so air velocity may be corrected to account for a person's level of physical activity.
• Small air movements in cool or cold environments may be perceived as a draught as people are particularly sensitive to these movements.

If water is heated and it evaporates to the surrounding environment, the resulting amount of water in the air will provide humidity.

Relative humidity is the ratio between the actual amount of water vapour in the air and the maximum amount of water vapour that the air can hold at that air temperature.

Relative humidity between 40% and 70% does not have a major impact on thermal comfort. In workplaces which are not air conditioned, or where the weather conditions outdoors may influence the indoor thermal environment, relative humidity may be higher than 70%. Humidity in indoor environments can vary greatly and may be dependent on whether there are drying processes (paper mills, laundry etc) where steam is given off.

High humidity environments have a lot of vapour in the air, which prevents the evaporation of sweat from the skin. In hot environments, humidity is important because less sweat evaporates when humidity is high (80%+). The evaporation of sweat is the main method of heat reduction.

When non-breathable vapour-impermeable personal protective equipment (PPE) is worn, the humidity inside the garment increases as the wearer sweats because the sweat cannot evaporate. If an employee is wearing this type of PPE (e.g. asbestos or chemical protection suits etc) the humidity within the PPE will be high.

Personal Factors

Clothing insulation: Thermal comfort is very much dependent on the insulating effect of clothing on the wearer.

Wearing too much clothing or PPE may be a primary cause of heat stress even if the environment is not considered warm or hot.

If clothing does not provide enough insulation, the wearer may be at risk from cold injuries such as frostbite or hypothermia in cold conditions.

Clothing is both a potential cause of thermal discomfort as well as a control for it as we adapt to the climate in which we work. You may add layers of clothing if you feel cold or remove layers of clothing if you feel warm. Many companies inhibit this ability for employees to make reasonable adaptations to their clothing as they require them to wear a specific uniform or PPE.

It is important to identify how the clothing contributes to thermal comfort or discomfort. By periodically evaluating the level of protection provided by existing PPE and evaluating newer types of PPE you may be able to improve the level of thermal comfort.

Work Rate and Metabolic heat

The more physical work we do, the more heat we produce. The more heat we produce, the more heat needs to be lost so we don’t overheat. The impact of metabolic rate on thermal comfort is critical.

A person’s physical characteristics should always be borne in mind when considering their thermal comfort, as factors such as their size and weight, age, fitness level and sex can all have an impact on how they feel, even if other factors such as air temperature, humidity and air velocity are all constant.

Measuring Thermal Comfort

A simple way of estimating the level of thermal comfort in your workplace is to ask your employees or their safety representatives (such as unions or employee associations) if they are satisfied with the thermal environment i.e. to use the thermal comfort checklist available from the website of the HSE; it can help employers and their managers to identify whether there may be a risk of thermal discomfort to employees. It should be noted that this is a basic checklist and does not replace a suitable and sufficient risk assessment, taking account of thermal comfort.

Assessing Thermal Comfort

Once you have identified a problem using the thermal comfort checklist, in most instances the guidance published by the HSE will be sufficient to enable you to improve thermal comfort in your workplace. If you need to take further action in measuring thermal comfort, you should refer to the relevant British Standards on thermal comfort.

Read the six basic factors (as set out below) that affect thermal comfort and think about how they may be affecting your employees and about resolving the those having the largest impact on the most persons. If the environment is affected by seasonal factors you may need to reassess your risk at different seasons of the year.

Controlling Thermal Comfort

There are a number of ways that you can control thermal comfort in the workplace, some of which are very simple.

Control measures:

There are six main control methods you can use:

1. Control the environment:

• replace hot air with cold, or replace cold air with hot, as required;
• humidify or dehumidify the air as required;
• increase air movement by ventilation or air conditioning;
• reduce draught discomfort by directing the ventilation or air movement so that it doesn't blow directly onto the employees, e.g. using baffles;

2. Separate the source of heat or cold from the employee:

• erect barriers that shield or insulate the work area or restrict access;
• redesign jobs to remove the employee from the area

3. Control the task:

• restrict the length of time that employees are exposed to hot or cold conditions
• control the amount of work and rate of work employees are expected to do
• introduce mechanical aids (eg lifting aids or power tools) to assist physically demanding jobs in warm and hot environments or when employees are wearing a lot of clothing

4. Control the clothing:

• If PPE is worn, make sure that employees are not wearing more PPE than is appropriate (ie a higher protection factor than is needed)
• if uniforms are worn, evaluate alternative designs, new materials etc to improve the thermal comfort of clothing
• evaluate dress code and allow employees to adapt their clothing where possible
• multiple layers of clothing enable employees to make reasonable adjustments to their clothing based on their individual needs.

5. Allow the employee to make behavioural adaptations:

• where possible, remove all restrictions that may prevent employees from making minor adjustments to their clothing or work rate
• provide warm-up or cool-down areas
• provide personal heaters or fans
• allow employees to adjust thermostats or open windows as appropriate

6. Monitor the employee:

• provide appropriate supervision and training
• obtain medical advice from an occupational health professional for employees who are pregnant, have an illness or disability, or are on medication
• your risk assessment should already address risks to pregnant employees, but you may choose to review it when an employee tells you she is pregnant, to help you decide if you need to do any more to control the risks.

Administrative Controls

Administrative controls include planning and rescheduling work times and practices and rest schedules, for example, scheduling ‘hot’ work for cooler times of the day or allowing employees to have flexible hours to help avoid the worst effects of working in high temperatures.

Administrative controls are generally of a short-term, temporary nature. Although some can be of a permanent nature, for example, emergency procedures and the provision of appropriate welfare facilities, such as competent first aiders with additional knowledge in the management and recognition of heat-related illnesses and injuries as well as ensuring the availability of appropriate first-aid equipment.

Engineering Controls

These should be the first choice to reduce or eliminate the hazard. Although the initial cost of engineering controls may seem high, it has been found that the implementation cost is often offset by the resulting improvements to production.

Any practical solution to controlling thermal comfort is likely to require a combination of different options developed in consultation with employers, employees and their representatives.

Many types of heating systems are available:

• Hot air-based heating systems
• Water-based central heating systems using radiators
• Combined heat and ventilation systems using air conditioning systems
• Electrical heating systems using electrical heaters
• Under-floor heating systems using either electrical coils or heated fluids
• Overhead heating systems

Most of these systems are useful. However, the beneficial effects may be restricted in some situations to the immediate locality of the heat source.
Air movement

There are many methods for increasing air movement, i.e. fans of various sizes (but may cause draught or noise problems).

Large diameter ceiling fans can provide air movement that is effective over a wide area. Large exhaust fans, mounted in roofs and walls, are useful for removing heated air and drawing in cooler air from outside.

Air conditioning

This can range from small units that lower the air temperature but do not control humidity levels or air movement, to large units that can cope with extreme conditions as well as humidity and air movement.

When air conditioning systems are used, take care to ensure uniform air distribution throughout the workplace, otherwise some employees may complain of feeling cold while others are feeling hot.

Air conditioning units should be operated as per the manufacturer’s instructions.

Evaporative cooling

Evaporative coolers produce a moderate reduction in air temperature and increase humidity. They operate by passing hot air over water-saturated pads and the water evaporation effect reduces the air temperature.

Thermal insulation

There are many different types of thermal insulation materials, e.g. loose fills, rock wool and insulation boards. The material acts as a barrier, which slows heat flow in the summer and heat loss in the winter, but it is only effective where there is a temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the building or between two areas inside a building.

Appendix A: Outdoor Working

When working outdoors the effects of the weather in the UK environment can potentially have a serious impact on an employee's health if the risks have not been considered or properly managed. This impact may be immediate, or it may occur over a long time period.

When working outdoors the weather can have influence an individual's effectiveness and this is not readily managed using just engineering controls. In these circumstances some of the most effective ways of managing these environments are to introduce some simple administrative controls for example:

Cold environments:

• Ensure the personal protective equipment issued is appropriate;
• Provide mobile facilities for warming up, and encourage the drinking of warm fluids such as soup or hot drink;
• Introduce more frequent rest breaks;
• Consider delaying the work – can it be undertaken at warmer times of the year without compromising on safety?
• Educate workers about recognising the early symptoms of cold stress.

Hot environments:

• Reschedule work to cooler times of the day;
• Provide more frequent rest breaks and introduce shading to rest areas;
• Provide free access to cool drinking water;
• Introduce shading in areas where individuals are working;
• Encourage the removal of PPE when resting to help encourage heat loss;
• Educate workers about recognising the early symptoms of heat stress.

Working in the sun:

A sunny day makes most of us feel good, but too much sunlight can be hard on the skin. It is not simply sudden exposure while on holiday that is harmful. Even a tan that has been built up gradually can be harmful to health. A tan is a sign that the skin has been damaged.

The problem is caused by the ultraviolet (UV) rays in sunlight. People whose job keeps them outdoors for a long time, such as farm or building site workers, market gardeners, outdoor activity workers and some public service workers could get more sun on their skin than is healthy for them. Such people can be at greater risk of skin cancer.

Skin cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer in the UK with over 50,000 new cases every year. A tan is a sign that the skin has been damaged. The damage is caused by ultraviolet (UV) rays in sunlight.

What are the dangers of working in the sun?

In the short term... sunburn can blister your skin and make it peel, but even mild reddening is a sign of skin damage.

In the long term... too much sun will speed up the ageing of your skin, making it leathery, mottled and wrinkled, but the most serious effect is an increased chance of developing skin cancer.

Abnormal reactions to sunlight Some medicines, contact with some chemicals used at work (such as dyes, wood preservatives, coal-tar and pitch products), and contact with some plants, can make your skin more sensitive to sunlight. Your works doctor or family doctor should be able to advise you further.

Who is at risk?

If work keeps you outdoors for a long time your skin could be exposed to more sun than is healthy for you. You should take particular care if you have:

• Fair or freckled skin that doesn’t tan, or goes red or burns before it tans;
• Red or fair hair and light-coloured eyes;
• A large number of moles.

Even if your skin is not fair and freckled, you should still be particularly careful while you are working out of doors in the summer in the three or four hours around midday. The sun is most intense at these times. Even on cloudy days, UV can filter through.

Some Dos and Don’ts to avoid the dangers are:

• Do try to avoid the mild reddening which is a sign of skin damage as well as being an early sign of burning.
• Do try to work and take your breaks in the shade if you can - this will reduce your risk of harming your skin and also help to keep you cool.
• Do continue to take care when you go on holiday - your skin remembers every exposure.
• Don’t be complacent; get to know your skin’s most vulnerable areas (e.g. back of neck, head) and keep them covered.
• Don’t try to get a tan - it’s not a healthy sign. It might look good, but it indicates that the skin has already been damaged. A suntan does not eliminate the long-term cancer risk which is associated with prolonged exposure to the sun; nor will it protect against premature ageing.

More information on sun protection is available on Cancer Research UK’s Sunsmart website www.sunsmart.org.uk

Authors: Ernie Taylor

Published: 11 Jul 2018

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did SOLO tell something?

this picture is the gate to alun-alun lor, it is taken from the north to the south.it is made form 3 pics that I took at one spot on the pedestrian path, just before I crossed the street. then a minute ago, I put them together so I have a pic that showing what beside the ‘gate’.

cos this pic capture what we so called continue and change. it tells something in the past, and shows the situation nowadays and also gives us the prediction for tomorrow.

yes! solo told me ‘about’ something, indeed.

how bout you, guys!

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If you’re in product design, software design, construction or any other sector, there is normally generally more than an individual way to get tasks done. Regarding projectmanagement, the 2 main most productive methods meant for getting factors done are definitely the classic design style of task administration plus the innovative child in the hinder, souple task management. To decide which is best to get your preferences, you need to develop a stable knowledge of the advantages and limitations of each type of job administration approach. Here we investigate precisely what is distinct regarding the two schools of thought, and review side simply by side the advantages and constraints of each.

Design strategy

Design project management mimics the typical work flow method in any development or engineering project as it is a sequential process. Each one of the stages happens in isolierung, and when finished, the team move on to the next level in the set. Waterfall job management depends upon meticulous record stopping. This means we have a clear paper trail to follow, allowing the process to be enhanced and improved upon in the future. From the beginning, the customer will have a clear notion of what is definitely going to happen during project delivery. They may find out approximately what the price, timescales and size of the project will probably be, and will own a great idea of what to expect finally. Once a level in the process has been completed, generally there is no way to go back and change elements without scrapping the overall project and beginning again. The complete procedure depends on strong first requirements; in cases where these are flawed then the task is condemned to failure from the outset. The merchandise is developed in levels and only tested fully at the conclusion, meaning fruit flies may end up being consequently ingrained in conclusion item that they can be difficult to remove. Finally, this kind of project managing isn’t going to permit changes to the brief, therefore if the customer understands they should change the brief half way through, sacrifices will want to become manufactured in conditions of price range and timescales.

Vif methods

Acuto was once touted as the answer to many from the problems in waterfall project management. Rather than following a set of stages in remoteness, this technique depends upon a great incremental way to the project delivery. Project groups start off using an incredibly simple concept of where they are going, and therefore focus on subtle web theme in short ‘sprints’. At the end of each and every sprint the modules are tested to see any bugs or imperfections and customer feedback is gathered just before the next sprint takes place. Plenty of changes can be built after first plans are developed, in fact rewrites and major alterations are practically expected. This makes it less complicated to add features and keep abreast of modifications in our industry, actually although the job is being shipped. Frequent testing guarantees problems will be labeled in early stages, that means that the item can always be looking forward to unveiling quicker and is more likely to be a quality product. This method requires a solid project director to preserve elements in track and balance out imagination with task delivery requirements. Because of the haziness of the main project plan, the last item may often always be wildly different to what was formerly planned.

Choosing a methodology

The two main strategies of job management both have their time and place, and the one which will ideal the needs depends entirely in your specific brief. When you know what a final product should be and they are self-confident the consumer would’t need to adjustment the scope half method through, waterfall project control is your friend. Even so if tempo of creation is more significant than the quality of the completed merchandise and the customer wishes to be capable to transform scope part way through, agile permits more flexibility and is one of the things every job supervisor ought to know regarding. For additional information browse right here oniq.pl .

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Brian Willis Offers Great Info on Defeating...The Enemy Of Innovation

Expertise is the Enemy of Innovation – Tip #5 in Stephen Shapiro’s book Best Practices Are Stupid. Shapiro goes on to say, “The more you know about a particular topic, the more difficult it is for you to think about it in a different way. Your solutions will most likely be “been there, done that” ideas that are limited to your area of expertise. If you want breakthroughs, you need to bring together people from a wide range of disciplines, backgrounds, and experiences.” He goes on to site research by a professor at Harvard Business School as well as a number of real world examples to support this idea.

This enemy to innovation often rears its ugly head in law enforcement training. Trainers are often reluctant to go outside their unit, let alone outside their department of outside the profession to get ideas on how to improve training programs. It is easy to get caught up in the notion that people outside the training cadre and certainly those outside the profession have no frame of reference, don’t know about training and do not understand the job. As a result, we very often get stuck in recycling the same ideas and failing to innovate our training programs.

I would encourage you to heed Shapiro’s advice and “bring together people from a wide range of disciplines, backgrounds, and experiences.” Encourage those people to ask as many questions as possible about the goals and objectives of your training. They can ask you why you do things the way you do, what you have tried in the past that worked and what you have tried that failed. You also need to ask questions of them. Find out how they do things in their area of expertise and what they do to innovate and keep creating ‘better practices and next practices’ in their industry.

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Saturday, January 19, 2019

LTAW #38 Women's March 2019

Women's March 2019 will take place in the US and all over the world. The decision as to where to walk in New York City is a complicated one. I will walk to the three sites, not join them but uniting them, marking my path with small items I'll found on the way. Walking for Unity, Respect and Togetherness.
Let's Take a Walk, thinking globally aiming to walk with all, a walk for peace and inclusion, a walk that unit gender, race, religion and spirituality. Aiming to create connections and to look at what matters, the pursuit of changes in the world that will promote a healthy world, preserve nature and restore peace and solidarity.

Today's journey, walking and circling Foley Square to Central Park West to Grand Central.

Wishing you a day full of love and laughter.
Marie Christine

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Quote of the Day

There should be a “King’s Speech” about Michele Bachmann where in the last scene she learns to look in the camera. –Andy Borowitz

SciFi Weekend: Fringe and the Alternate Universe; Charlie’s Angels and Other Casting News; More Matrix Sequels Theatened; The Science of Battlestar Galactica; And Kids With Daleks

I was ambivalent about Fringe during the first season when there were primarily stand-alone stories, but have grown to love the show as it got more into its mythology and a continuing story line. Friday’s episode brought about one major change as we saw in Reciprocity that Peter’s connection to the Doomsday Machine has also changed Peter. Finding that Peter was the one killing the shape shifters was a surprise. It was also amusing to see the effects of Walter injecting the chimpanzee DNA and I was happy to see some movement on Peter’s relationship with Olivia.Dumping a boyfriend because he had sex with your identical counterpart from an alternative universe is the lamest reason since Rachel dumping Ross for messing around when they were on a break.

While an excellent episode, I do miss the alternative universe. We’ve been promised that the show will return there, and there was some more news on this last week. John Noble has hinted about his roles:

In a recent conference call, the actor told reporters that the brain-damaged scientist will begin to “put his life back together”.

“He finally comes to face up to his limitations, but also his strength,” said Noble. “[That is] more than enough to deal with the problems. It’s a wonderful journey for Walter this season and he gets to go through all the stages.”

Noble also promised that viewers will begin to see a more human side to Walter’s doppelganger, the sinister Walternate.

“You will learn more of what made Walternate what he is, and you will see some humanisation of the man behind that steel exterior,” he explained. “He has to make some difficult decisions. We’ve done some terrific things that don’t soften him, but help to understand that he is man, not a machine.”

He added: “I hope that there is a resolution between Walter and Walternate, because I don’t see either of them as bad men.”

I am especially looking forward to the February 25 episode which goes back to Peter’s abduction:

“Peter,” the season two episode that brilliantly chronicled how Walter Bishop accidentally abducted the alternate universe’s Peter, was such a fan favorite that producers are headed back to 1985 in an upcoming episode of “Fringe.”

Slated to air February 25, the installment will serve as a companion piece to “Peter,” according to star Jasika Nicole. “It’s going to pick up right where ‘Peter’ left off and it’s better than the first one,” she told PopWrap.

But unlike the season two edition, “this flashback is going to take place in the alternate universe as well as this universe. That’s why it’s so good, you’ll see the repercussions stealing Peter has for Walter and Walternate,” she adds.

A huge part of the fallout will involve Elizabeth Bishop. “As we’ve seen, Walternate is still with his wife and there’s a reason for that. You see all these consequences that happened as a result of that [abduction] and what that means for his relationship with Elizabeth. It’s a really heartbreaking story.”

The biggest Fringe news is that Leonard Nimoy has tweeted that he might be returning as William Bell. The actual tweet states, “Plans developing for a William Bell return to Fringe. Stay Tuned. LLAP.” As long as Nimoy is willing to return, it is hard to believe that the producers of Fringe will not take advantage of this.

I wasn’t paying any attention to the prospect of an other remake of Charlie’s Angels until Minka Kelly of Friday Night Lights was cast in the movie last week.(Kelly also has a recurring role in Parenthood this season and played Autumn in 500 Days of Summer).

ABC’s Charlie’s Angels has its trio female leads: Former Friday Night Lights star Minka Kelly’s will play a former Marine and weapons expert and Transformers star Rachael Taylor will play a con artist.

The duo have been near-deals for the roles this week and are now official on the Sony Pictures TV project. Kelly and Taylor join the previously cast General Hospital star Annie Ilonzeh.

Friday Night Lights is down to only two more episodes. I won’t give any details as many are waiting until it airs on NBC this spring, but I think this was the best of the shorter, and lower-budget, seasons done jointly with Direct TV.

In other casting news, Henry Cavill of The Tudors will play Superman.

Colin Firth says he’d like to play a bad guy on Doctor Who or Torchwood, especially Doctor Who.

Keanu Reeves has created a stir in the blogosphere by stating two more sequels to The Matrix are in the works. Perhaps we could start a fund to pay them not to do this.  I’m not sure where they would go after the two terrible sequels to a great movie. Would it be feasible to just pretend the two sequels don’t exist and remake a good pair to replace them?

Luke Pasqualino will play William Odama on the upcoming Battlestar Galactica prequel, Blood and Chrome. IO9 has a larger version of the above map of the Twelve Colonies of Kobol.

Not only is this map a thing of great beauty, but it’s totally official — Grazier was science advisor for Battlestar Galactica from the very beginning, and helped to define a lot of the show’s concepts. And Espenson, as the original showrunner for the prequel series Caprica, had to do a lot of thinking about exactly how the Twelve Colonies were laid out. This info comes straight from the creators — and from the showrunner’s bible for BSG and Caprica. And Grazier, who works at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, verifies that the info in this map is “scientifically plausible.” It was created by Hollywood graphic designer Geoffrey Mandel, who made countless adjustments as the technical data underwent scrutiny…

We asked Espenson and Grazier some questions about the map, and they ended up telling us a lot more about the science and backstory of Battlestar Galactica:

I didn’t realize there were four different stars in the Cyrannus star system. I had always wondered if there were just 12 habitable planets clustered around a single sun. Where did the idea of four different stars come from? Was this in the show bible someplace? I’m especially curious about Leonis, the “heart of the colonies,” which I don’t think we ever heard about. Also, Scorpion, the “playground of the colonies.” Is that the colonial version of Risa?

Jane: Even back before Caprica the show existed, I believe Kevin and I had talked a bit about the configuration of the colonies. All the work on that is his. I instinctively loved the idea of a star cluster. The idea of 12 habitable planets all orbiting one star just seemed unworkable. And crowded. This group of stars makes so much sense. Kevin was at work on the configuration of stars and planets long before we shot a single frame.

More on the “science” of Battlestar Galactica in the full post.

One of the Fantastic Four has died. This link reveals which one.

David Frye has died age 77. He was best known for his impersonations of Richard Nixon.

Personally I think that Daleks are far too dangerous for human children to use as toys. Exterminate!

SNL Mocks Bachmann Reply & The GOP Fictions in Blaming Obama For The Deficit

Saturday Night Live mocked Michelle Bachmann’s response to the State of the Union in the video above.

Of course the funniest (or most tragic) aspect of all of this is not that Bachmann failed to look into the network’s camera but that people take the argument she is repeating seriously. The right wing has been rewriting history in blaming the Republican-created deficit on Obama. To do so they start with spending upon Obama taking office even though he was in the final fiscal year of the last Bush budget. After Obama took office he began to include the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan in the budget while Bush kept the wars off the budget, giving a false appearance of a jump in spending. This argument also ignores the fact that the Bush tax cuts for the top two percent account for a large part of the deficit–far more than the stimulus spending Obama used to keep the country out of a depression.


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Tech Help

Event Type: Digital Literacy
Age Group(s): Adults
Date: 10/12/2018
Start Time: 2:00 PM
End Time: 2:30 PM
 A quick, personalised tech session to solve specific problems. If you're struggling with using your technology we may be able to help. Bookings are essential, please let us know what kind of device you are using.
Venue: Logan Hyperdome Library    Where Are We?
Other Information:
 Please call 3412 4120 to book.


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My Puppy Friend – Cute Pet Dog Care Games

Updated: Jan 10, 2018
Version: 1.0.3
Size: 117.3 MB
Languages: English, Simplified Chinese

Download for Free:logo_Appledownload links 110x40Google

If you are a pet lover, these cute puppies would definitely melt your heart!

Your love and care could make the little ones’ life different! Take them home and feed them with delicious food. Or give them a shower to wash off the dirt. A stylish makeup pairing with a chic outfit will help the pets stand out in the show, which would award you with a lot of decorations and take the puppies’ home up a notch! Parkour, seek out the bones…many fun activities are ready to blow your mind!

- 6 cute puppies that melt your heart
Life gets a whole lot more interesting if you take these little cuties home.
- Collet loving hearts to open the Show where you may get decorations
Each time you complete a mini game, one heart would be awarded to you. With 3 hearts, you can join the Show and win the decorations.
- Earn coins and exchange them for nice items
Take the challenges with your pets to earn as many coins as you can and exchange them for food, outfits and other nice things.
- Fun-filled mini games work well with the amazing scenes
Have fun with your doggies in such gorgeous scenes and wonderful activities.

About Libii Game:
With over 600 million downloads and growing, Libii is committed to creating innovative games for kids. We’ll keep working on establishing a good relationship with both parents and their children and bringing a healthy, happy atmosphere for them.
Visit us: http://www.libii.com/
Like us: http://www.facebook.com/LibiiGame
Contact us: Got any ideas? Suggestions? Need technical support? Please feel free to contact us 24/7 at WeCare@libii.com

Need You Know:
This app is totally free to download and play, some basic items are also free to use, but some additional items need you to purchase and pay to unlock. Therefore, if you do not want to use these items, please turn off the in-app purchase in your settings. Thanks.

PS: Recommend for iPad/iPhone Retina/iPod Touch Retina

Comments are closed.


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Browse Theses, Dissertations, or other Student Work by Title - D

Select the first letter of the titles to browse

There are 185 record/s.

View 25 / 50 / ALL records per page.

TitleDateCreatorPublication TypeInstitution
D. H. Lawrence's neglected art :  his theory and practice of drama1976Bardon, Sally SullivanStudentEnglish, UNCG
The daily lives of principals: twenty-one principals in the 21st century2010West, Deborah LynnStudentEducational Leadership and Cultural Foundations, UNCG
Dairy Products Consumption in African American Women at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Participati...2008Scripa, Ioana StudentNutrition, UNCG
Dancing with the dead generations after the Holocaust: a fictional blogged phenomenology and...2009Dresser, Karen ElizabethStudentTeacher Education and Higher Education, UNCG
Darius Milhaud's Sacred service: a historical, textual, and theoretical analysis2011Matthews, Robert HaroldStudentMusic, UNCG
Dark cozy place2009Mayo, Scott StudentStudio Art, UNCG
Dark cozy place 12009Mayo, Scott StudentStudio Art, UNCG
Dark cozy place 22009Mayo, Scott StudentStudio Art, UNCG
Dark cozy place 32009Mayo, Scott StudentStudio Art, UNCG
Dark matters: gothic landscape and women’s writing in the 19th and 20th century British nove...2012Hagopian Berry, Katherine AnneStudentEnglish, UNCG
Dark side of information systems and protection of children online: examining predatory beha...2014Albert, Connie S.StudentInformation Systems and Operations Management, UNCG
Darkland: an artist's statement2012Holshouser, Hannah LouiseStudentArt, UNCG
Data collection design for equivalent groups equating:using a matrix stratification framewor...2012Mbella, Kinge KekaStudentEducational Research Methodology, UNCG
The date and hook-up social scripts: patterns of sexual partnering among college students in...2012Padgett, Joseph E.StudentSociology, UNCG
Data generation and estimation for axially symmertic processes on the sphere2016Vanlangenberg, Christopher D.StudentMathematics and Statistics, UNCG
David R. Gillingham's Concerto No. 2 for Marimba: A Transcription for Marimba and Chamber En...2008Dancy, Andrew LanceStudentMusic, UNCG
Daydreaming Styles and Brain Functional Connectivity2018Alharoon, Dahlia StudentPsychology , UNCG
De bruijn partial words2013Wyatt, Benjamin J.StudentComputer Science, UNCG
(De)Constructing the student body: a post-structural analysis of dress codes in secondary sc...2014Drewicz Ewing, Laura AnneStudentWomen's and Gender Studies, UNCG
Decentering the Racial Paradigm: A Literary Analysis of the "Stubb's Supper" Chapter in Herm...2008Pisano, Andrew M.StudentEnglish, UNCG
The decision process for the acquisition of capital equipment in teaching hospitals1983Hewitt, Gerald NealStudentEducation, UNCG
Decision-making behaviors for adolescent mothers enrolled in the nurse-family partnership2012Lane, Susan H.StudentNursing, UNCG
Declamation and dismemberment: rhetoric, the body, and disarticulation in four Victorian hor...2015Brumley, Mark ElliottStudentEnglish, UNCG
Decoding craft: communicating identity through a system of design2013Aguilera Guardado, Claudia StudentInterior Architecture, UNCG
Deconstructing liberated subjects2014Powell, Michelle StudentEducational Studies, UNCG


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One too many! #BarAThon

[feedzy-rss feeds=”” feed_title=”yes” refresh=”12_hours” sort=”date_desc” meta=”yes” summary=”yes” thumb=”yes” ]The door opened with a thud as she tried to enter her home and walked straight to the bedroom. Her eyes were red, puffy and had under bags. She did not have much time before she had to reach office. Her friends often questioned her sanity and the choices she made.

She often wondered why did she always end up staying out late. One too many nights in a row, she has been unable to sleep properly. Deep in heart she knew the answer to why she behaved like this. It gave her adrenaline rush, which no other drug can ever provide. Maybe it was the only thing that provided solace to her heart.

It is a feeling of intense of craving which she cannot resist. All of her time and resources are spent finding ways to fulfill her desires. She is always on look out for people who are as crazy as her about helping other. She is addicted to work for betterment of underprivileged people in the society.

All these cold nights of December, she has been out giving blankets to homeless people. Bringing them food, warm drinks  and other necessities to make their nights bearable. And, she could never repay the happy smiles and blessings she gets in return of her noble act.

Image Source: www.Whatsuplife. in

This post is my Day 1 post for #Barathon 2018 and prompt for the day is ‘One too many’.

Post Author: Dishki

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U, Me n “Scooty” :)

In your lifetime u gain loads of memories. Memories that u cherish forever. Some ppl become an integral part of your memories. And then on leaving them u have the boxful of memories to remember. Well, I will be leaving my hometown in few days n so at times I do get nostalgic. U live in a city whole your life, suddenly on leaving u remember all the good old days….Hmm…I will miss it all so much…But I m all too eager to begin the new phase of my life.

This blog is dedicated to my best friend n lil sweet sis “Saumya” just to tell u how much u mean to me…Dear I will miss u the most……Dis pic always reminds me of us together 🙂

Being cousins and best friends has given us loads of advantages. From attending school fest to family functions,we have enjoyed it all…Being in the same school was a boon n a bane together…My earliest memory goes back to primary classes when we use to take each other’s copy during exams for preparation n to see what extra has been taught in ur class. But understanding what u write has given me lots of headache always….kamsekam ab to thoda fir acha likhti ho 😀

U r my “8.5th friend”. Kya logic lagaya tha tumne….kabhi puri frnd, kabhi aadhi frnd…bt ab tak to i hope its puri frnd !!! I will miss your humor and the bakwaas we do together…Most of the happy memories we have are of us together on scooty. We go out together n we r bound to be lost. Trying new paths is the best thing we do 🙂

Our first trip on the scooty was such a blunder. Driving on a one-way flyover n thinking tat y is everyone staring at us….logo ke expressions i will never forget…Dono ko raasta nahi pata tha but fir bhi ghumne nikal pade…Remember the time when it was raining and we were returning from ur institute….It was an stormy evening, we were drenched in rains…bt still were trying to find the correct way home…

Going together to school, getting late everyday for assembly n the gossip sessions during the prayers !!!
The lunch time n the choir practices during Quanta were so much fun…n how can i forget being “escorts”….We were for kitchen duty n kitne pastries n sandwiches u stole 😀
but fir uske khaane mein jaada masti aati thi na….
Another time when we were lost was when we were going to buy my books last year….n yaar koi raasta nahi yaad rakh sakte na hum logo…n pure time log khud hi hume raasta bata rahe the…The latest fun on scooty we had was travelling parallel to the railway line…Well, itna to pakka hai ki we can never go with the normal traffic…hamesha kuch gadbad hi hoti hai….Baatein karte rehte hai n we forget to take turns !!!
We have been friends since so long but movie kab dekhi humne saath mein ?? People find it so strange that we have not been to movie together earlier and that we dont hav much pics together…but kya farak padta hai….aise hi humara time paas hota rehta hai….
The long telephone talks and the sms chats….Sitting in the same parlour n still texting it each other…lolz…n the best was when we were returning in the same car and still talking on sms 🙂
But we have had so many best conversations  by just sitting quietly. The strong telepathy we share for thinking of silly excuses is so helpful to save ourselves frm trouble….
The trips to eat “basket chat” n to have cold coffee are innumerable..But each one of those trip is spl in its own way….n yaad hai ek baar parking pe police vaale gaadi lene uthane aa gaye the….fir bhi kya bahana maara tha….n the concert we attended together was also fun…The fun in all the weddings we attend is just awesome…all the dance n dhol is soo much masti !!!
In the last few months we have spent time together so much…Meeting everyday,going out to ganj n the trips to doctor’s clinic…wow…whole bunch of memories…each spl n close to my heart for diff reasons…I know u r getting senti thoda thoda…u r thinking tat wen wil we meet up next….bt dont wry dear…I m nt gng far-off to some alien land…Now u will also join ur job in few months time n den we will come back home in hols n meet n have all the fun again…
We will have the wonderful time on scooty again n will agn sing songs on the top of our voices while driving !!!
Love u loads dear n wish u loads of success 🙂
(P.S- Plz try nt to get too much senti my 8.5th frnd )

Post Author: Dishki

0 thoughts on “U, Me n “Scooty” :)

    (23rd October 2010 - 06:22)

    “Plz try nt to get too much senti”… waah… itna kuch yaad dila diya n u r sayng dont get senti…
    sach me yaar i will miss u like hell, more so cz we have spend so much tym together in the past 2-3 mnths…
    especially this mnth, wen we r meeting up every mrng n then evenings!!!
    my good mrng call to u at 6am sharp.. n still u r never ready on tym 😉 n stupid, u call me unpunctual!!
    n yar u didnt mention abt that trip jab mere upar vo truck chadhne wali thi!!! stupid.. silly….
    i will really miss u.. especially in the morning.. aj akele drive karna accha nai lag raha tha!!!
    jaate jaate we will watch one more movie together, atleast..
    this is ur best blog… n it will remain my favorite until u ryt some more good things abt me in ne other blog!!
    will miss u deeply yaar…
    stay the way u r minus “cetain things”!!
    love u dear i cant imagine wat i wud have been without u all these years besides me…
    remember school se wapasi k tym u used to hold my hand!! hehe…. kya din the yaar vo……
    i will really miss u

    (23rd October 2010 - 10:04)

    bus ho gayi tum senti budhu….i wil mis u too…
    n madam vo sirf 3 din i was late…baki to mein tumhare ghar pahuchti hun tab u start getting ready…ab kuch asar to tera aana hi tha na….n yaar vo bulldozer chadne vaala the us din….
    ab dekho ek baar itna jhooth likh diya bahut hai..baar baar itna jhooth nahi likh sakte….
    jokes apart…u r the best part of my masti bhari life…
    luv u loads <3

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text:
Wednesday, February 8, 2012

Bullet, bitten

I'm feeling a bit sick with nerves right now. I don't handle confrontation at all well and I have just set myself up for what could be a big one.

I have mentioned in earlier posts a client who owes me several thousand dollars - aka The Scarlet Pimpernel. I've still been unable to find where she lives and today's enquiries got me nowhere.

So I have this afternoon locked her out of her own websites. I expect fireworks within 24 hours. And perhaps some payment within 48 if she wants them back.

My solicitor had originally tried to go down the polite route of letters of demand, which fell on deaf ears. We have a summons we can't deliver because we don't know where this woman is on a daily basis.

So now let's see if she comes out of hiding.  Oh shite.

1 comment:

  1. Did this get resolve? Honestly, people have the hides of rhinouseri!


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Contentious Wills & Estates

Dealing with the death of a loved one is a traumatic and distressing experience. Unfortunately, issues can sometimes arise about the will, or the way their affairs are to be handled, and which require sensitive handling.

Wills can be challenged in a number of ways, with reasons including lack of necessary understanding, undue pressure, neglect of reasonable provision for dependents and mistakes in the Will. Disputes can also arise where there is not enough money to pay all of the gifts mentioned in the Will or if beneficiaries of the Will do not think that those administering the estate are doing their job properly.


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onsdag 8 april 2015

:: SWE card week 15 ::

Thids week we have a nice color scheme to follow at SWE. I made this card.

The stamp is a digi from Art by Miran. I have used my Copics to color the stamp with.

I used some of my Wink of Stella glitter pen and flowers from Strömstad Scrapbooking and Magnolia. The die-cut behin my flowers is a die from Memory Box called Fresh Foliage.

1 kommentar:

Romy sa...

That stamp is so pretty and you've made the most wonderful and elegant card with it!


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Year 2

At Lily Lane, we follow the ‘Read, Write Inc Literacy and Language Programme from R to Year 2. The aim of the programme is to develop children’s comprehension, writing and spoken language.

Within Early Years and Key Stage 1 children are exposed to a variety of different books: stories, non-fiction, playscripts, poetry etc. They read and discuss these texts and then use them to produce their own writing.

All children are given a ‘home’ reading book from the Oxford Reading Tree Scheme which is our reading scheme in KS1

 Curriculum Map : Year 2  2017-2018

Curriculum Map : Year 2  2018-2019

Newsletter Autumn 2018