text:
Linking Southern Ocean water masses and Australian rainfall variability

Ribbe, Joachim (2004) Linking Southern Ocean water masses and Australian rainfall variability. In: Australian Marine Sciences Association Hobart Conference, 6-9 July 2004, Hobart, Australia.

Download (14Kb)

Rainfall in Australia and indices developed to monitor climate variability exhibit distinct pattern of multi-decadal variability. It is possible that physical mechanisms operating in the Southern Ocean are a driver of this behaviour. In particular, the formation of water masses within defined geographical regions links the global ocean and the atmosphere. In the Southern Ocean, two large volumes of water are Subantarctic Mode Water (SAMW) and Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), which are created by exchanges of heat and freshwater with the atmosphere and interior oceanic mixing. These sink below the surface of the Southern Ocean and move northward at depth of about 300-800 m. In this presentation, I present some arguments and evidence in support of possible linkages between Australian rainfall and Southern Ocean water mass formation processes via the equatorial ocean. It is the formation of the global scale water masses that is potentially the most important process the ocean employs to control global climate. This has been highlight by research investigation the global thermohaline circulation focusing upon the deep water mass formation process. However, the upper ocean branch composed of AAIW and SAMW plays a similar significant role.

Statistics for USQ ePrint 1162
Statistics for this ePrint Item
Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item (Commonwealth Reporting Category E) (Speech)
Refereed: No
Item Status: Live Archive
Additional Information: Abstract only.
Faculty / Department / School: Historic - Faculty of Sciences - Department of Biological and Physical Sciences
Date Deposited: 11 Oct 2007 00:36
Last Modified: 02 Jul 2013 22:36
Uncontrolled Keywords: Southern Ocean, water masses, intermediate water, subantarctic mode water, rainfall, ocean circulation
Fields of Research : 04 Earth Sciences > 0401 Atmospheric Sciences > 040104 Climate Change Processes
04 Earth Sciences > 0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience > 040605 Palaeoclimatology

Actions (login required)

View Item Archive Repository Staff Only


Content-Type: application/http; msgtype=response

WARC-Identified-Payload-Type: text/html

WARC-Truncated: length

WARC-Type: response

text:
a lion has roared his last

My party and my nation have lost a legend.  Senator Ted Kennedy has passed away after a battle with brain cancer.

I am too young to know too much about the Kennedys.  I know they don’t mean to me what they do to so many Americans who loved their family and felt attached to them in ways I can only imagine are like my attachment to Barack Obama, the first politician to make me take the step from mere voter to activist.  And yet I know enough to know that this is a great loss.

They call him the Liberal Lion of the Senate, and his list of accomplishments is long and worthy of admiration.  Though given a name that gave him everything, he gave up nearly everyone he held dear in service to his country.  Though born to privilege, he dedicated his life to the causes of those without.  Though weighed down by a heavy and sad legacy, and sometimes faltering under its weight, he managed to always stand for social justice.  Though caricatured as some kind of left-wing extremist, he, more than self-described “maverick” John McCain, was known for working with the other side in order to accomplish his goals.

As GQ’s Michael Kelly wrote:

Even a partial listing of the major bills in whose passage Kennedy has played a part is impressive. Whether you admire them or not, these are the measures that transformed—mostly liberalized—America in our time: the first Immigration Reform Act; the Voting Rights Act and its extensions; the Freedom of Information Act; the Gun Control Act; the Campaign Financing Reform law; the Comprehensive Selective Service Reform Act; the Eighteen-Year-Old Vote law; the Occupational Safety and Health Act; the War on Cancer bills; the recodification of federal criminal laws; the Bilingual Education Act; the Fair Housing Acts; the Age Discrimination Act; the Airline and Trucking Deregulation bills; the Job Training Partnership Act; the South African sanctions; and the Grove City Civil Rights Restoration Act.

You can’t deny that this was a man who helped shape America for the better.

Someone on my university’s faculty listserv sent out this poem by Julie Aperin, and it moved me:

the senior senator from massachusetts

he didn’t fill the seat when he first occupied it, and truth told
maybe he didn’t even deserve to sit then

but over time, he grew into it

losses mounting, flanked by ghosts
drowning himself, over and over, in amber colored bottles

and when he couldn’t become president
became a man who really could be president

past imperfect
family legacy: public service first

day after day, year after year, decade after decade
vote after vote

ever haunted

and that summer day, when there should have been a wedding
having to claim the body of his killed brother’s son,

Ted staggered with grief

but came back one more time to fill the seat that no one else has ever
deserved more

because over time
he rose

and became a man worth standing for,
the senior senator from massachusetts

He is a man who was perhaps unprepared, but rose to the occasion and became what was needed. President Obama echoed this in his initial statement, saying, “Our country has lost a great leader, who picked up the torch of his fallen brothers and became the greatest United States senator of our time.” And regardless of whether we agree or disagree with everything that Senator Kennedy achieved, we can all agree that rising to the occasion, becoming what is needed, these are hallmarks of what it means to be a great American. We should all be inspired by Senator Kennedy’s service and sacrifice, and I hope upon hope that we can do him the honor of passing a health reform bill that he would be proud of.

One thought on “a lion has roared his last

  1. Anyone who would denigrate what Edward Kennedy did in his time in the Senate, has no idea what it means to be an American. He did more to make people free and to keep them safe than anyone else, and it will be a long time before we can say that of anyone else.

Comments are closed.

warcinfo:
robots: classic
hostname: ip-10-185-224-210.ec2.internal
software: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0
isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-22
operator: Common Crawl Admin
description: Wide crawl of the web for May 2017
publisher: Common Crawl
format: WARC File Format 1.0
conformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf


text:
Trailer Rental & Towing in Dinuba, CA at Allstar Services

Moving to or from Dinuba, CA? U-Haul cargo and enclosed trailers are intelligently designed to protect and secure your precious belongings, while our open utility trailers are perfect for hauling building supplies, landscaping materials or bulky items. U-Haul car trailers have EZ load ramps for effortless loading of vehicles while our motorcycle trailers are lightweight and easy to tow. Get FREE trailer rental rate quotes in Dinuba CA 93618 today.

Get FREE trailer rental quotes on car trailers, utility trailers, cargo trailers, and motorcycle trailer rentals in Dinuba, CA

Cargo Trailers

Cargo trailers in Dinuba, CA are lightweight, aerodynamic, and engineered for better fuel economy which makes it easy to tow behind any vehicle. Millions of families use our enclosed cargo trailers to move every year. U-Haul has a large selection of enclosed trailers to rent in-town or one way, review our cargo trailer sizes and reserve a trailer rental online at Allstar Services!

Utility Trailers

Utility trailers are perfect for towing large or oversize cargo in Dinuba CA 93618. Many utility trailer rentals come equipped with a loading ramp for easy convenience. The utility trailer selection at Allstar Services provides an affordable solution for home improvement projects, furniture delivery and for towing recreational vehicles. Utility trailer rentals are also popular with businesses for deliveries and trade-show events. Utility trailers come in a wide range of sizes and styles so that any car can tow.

Car Trailers

Moving cross-country with your vehicle on a car trailer is a smart way to save gas and eliminate miles of wear and tear on your vehicle. Our Tow Dolly is a low-cost option for towing front wheel drive vehicles, while auto transports are ideal for long distance moves. Both car haulers fit most sized vehicles in Dinuba, CA and are also an economical alternative to calling a tow truck in the case of a break-down. Whether towing behind a U-Haul moving van or your own personal vehicle, you can rent a car hauler for both in-town and one way moves.

Remolques para motocicleta

Motorcycle trailers in are lightweight, easy to tow and have an easy-access loading ramp. Each motorcycle trailer also comes equipped with an integrated chock for the front wheel and with heavy-duty tie-down rings to support even the heaviest of motorcycles. Reserve your motorcycle trailer rental in Dinuba, CA online today!

Trailer and Towing Supplies

Enganches de U-Haul para remolque

Ingrese la información de su vehículo y le ayudaremos a encontrar el enganche adecuado para el remolque.

Bolas y montajes de enganche

Comprar bolas de enganche, montajes estándar y de especialidad.

Cableado y luces

Todo lo que usted necesita para enganchar el remolque a su vehículo.

Más accesorios para remolcar y para remolques

Customer Reviews

Patrick C. en

I really liked the self pick up option because I had to move on a weekend made things a lot easier for me

Richard R. en

Services was great and friendly

Ernesto D. en

The trailer came unhitched while I was driving on a busy street 10 minutes after they put in on my truck due to poor service of the employees who attached it to my vehicle and I would think they would make sure everything is secure for the customer

NOEL C. en

when placing the stickers for damage please do not place them all over the front windshield, i was pulled over due to this on my move and the officer understood that it was not my fault so did not issue me a ticket i was in the middle of moving and this was a huge inconvenience

richard b. en

Your agent Billy is one great worker. He was friendly, courteous and professional. He made every attempt to make sure we were taken care of. One of th nicest men I have ever met. Give him a raise!!!

amy v. en

Great customer service. Friendly and fast....

Kristin S. en

Made an after hours drop off.

anicetasia c. en

(Not the man who was in the office but the girl who answered the phone when reserving truck) I was not happy when she tried limiting my rental time to 4 then 8 hours,until I asked " isn't the rental period 24 hours just as when I rented from elsewhere" ? Then she said ok you can have it for 24 hours. At first I started to stress thinking I have to rush or find more help until I questioned the time period.

uver m. en

Great service.

Excellent customer service!

jonathan j. en

Not sure, as I had no negatives.

Fast, friendly, excellent service. I would recommend my family and friends to rent from this location.

Terrance C. en

Great staff! Great customer service!

Rudy G. en

Great customer sevice...courteous and very helpful...will use again...

Myriam D. en

obe customer at a time until done

gracie n. en

Bill was very helpful ... The process was very easy .. I was pleased .. It was easy to return also ..drop off and leave key ... Would recommend them to friends and family .. Great experience..

Thank you very much for ensuring then my equipment was turn in properly and that I was not going to be charged anything extra

Nothing different! I was totally satisfied!!

amy v. en

Great service and very friendly and professional.

The girl who did the paperwork and the computer work was below average. The guy who did the hook-up and safety check was way above average.

Very good hearted people excellent service

Very helpfull

I was charged for insurance for three extra days that I did not have the truck and equipment and would like to have a refund

MARY G. en

The truck did not have the fuses it needed for me to toe a trailer. The person in the shop had to get fuses, make sure the lights and hook-up for said trailer would work properly. This took almost 2 hrs. to fix. Waiting, leaving coming back, Time wasted. All trucks should be in proper working order no matter what the use. DOT would have a field day. Thanks, ran good, gas hag on hills, other wise good trip.

Ver más comentarios


text:
eSun Energy, the #1 most trusted solar electric solutions provider in Mexico, guarantees you the quality, excellence and results you demand. eSun Energy is backed by more than 15 years of experience in the solar electric industry with work on 1000’s of successful projects across the U.S. and more than 1300+ grid connected solar projects in Mexico. You are ultimately placing a great amount of trust and confidence in us, as seasoned veterans in the industry, to choose and provide the best proven bankable technologies in the global marketplace. With eSun Energy, you can rest assured that your investment is safe and in good hands.

View more

  • 5 tips to save electricity and money in your business.05/05/2017 - 12:22 pm

    Starting, running and managing your business is never a simple task. Controlling, reducing and perhaps even eliminating both fixed and variable operating expenses in a meticulous manner is one of the keys to making your business successful. One of the most significant operating expenses in a company can be the electric bill. Most modern businesses […]

View more

Community Projects.

View more community projects

Partnerships and Certifications.


text:
Our Inherited Diet: Reconsidering the Reason We Eat Meat

This is the first in a series of posts by students in Fordham University’s Master of Arts in Ethics and Society program.

By: Christopher Kovel

I recently had the opportunity to attend a debate on moral perspectives between famed philosopher Peter Singer, and theologian (and Fordham’s own) Charles Camosy at the idyllic campus of Princeton University. Singer, who is a secular utilitarian, balances his ethical stances on a pain vs. pleasure scale. Reducible to the method of pleasure maximization, Singer uses this calculus to identify rectitude. Camosy, in turn, is a Catholic ethicist, who begins at God and His fundamental goodness. Amid the clash of these disparate mindsets, the two professors tended to find commonality about the gross mistreatment of animals. They both, I learned, abstain from the consumption of animal products because they find the choice morally bankrupt. As I was leaving Princeton, I remembered a recent dinner out with the family:

I was running late, the last to arrive, and when I finally sat, I could tell the waiter was antsy to take the table’s order. I scooped the plastic menu and had to improvise. Not being particularly famished, I decided on just a soup and salad. Upon learning the extent of my order, the rest of the table, mainly consisting of graying aunts and uncles, were up in arms. “That’s all you want, Chris?” “No, no, get whatever you want, the veal is excellent.” I even heard, “that offends me!” from the aunt picking up the tab.

Why, after the debate, did this moment suddenly strike my mind? There seems, I concluded, to be a disconnect between what we are eating and why we are eating it, and I began to see a dark shadow form behind America’s culinary culture.

During the debate, Camosy pointed out that there are currently 10 Billion animals manacled in large, profiteering factory farms. Big Farm is like Big Business: both bow to the almighty bottom line. Yet the difference, due to the lesser moral status of animals, is that Big Farm can subjugate sentient species sans political backlash. Documentarians and animal rights activists have made, and continue to make, this point, but Singer’s 1975 book, Animal Liberation, is seen as the movement’s vanguard articulation. In the book, Singer attacks Big Farm squarely with accusations of undue animal anguish. Cramped and sordid living conditions, sloppy slaughtering techniques—the inhumanity is rampant. These unavoidable truths are major factors why Singer and Camosy agree that meat eating—read: supporting Big Farm—cannot be justified. To most though, flesh is cheap and it tastes good, and it couldn’t be more convenient: it’s in most cooks’ kitchens and on nearly every chef’s menu. There are vegan and vegetarian restaurants and movements, but they tiptoe the fringe. PETA has assumed the role of perennial butt-of-the-joke. Our culinary culture remains saturated with animals. Take, for example, meat and the traditional American dinner party. The host makes sure to serve it and the guest is expected to eat it. You would be upset—as a carnivore—if you came upon food platters devoid of any butcher’s handiwork, and may even accuse the head of household of stinginess.

If you agree that animals, just like humans, can “feel” pain, then justifying the practices of Big Farm becomes more than just challenging. But what about the welfare of humans, you ask? How about the food chain? What about little Timmy growing up to be big and strong? These arguments would be sounder if they were to exclude the major modern change that happened in the way we shop and eat: the spread of supermarkets and their cornucopia of dietary choice.

In 2012, according to the U.S. Census, 81% of Americans were urbanites, getting their meat almost exclusively from secondary sources. And, it should be said, good portions of the rural 19% aren’t milking cattle and slaughtering pigs. Before the supermarket, everyone had to buy “local,” but when people flooded into cites and after shipping speed hastened, the supermarket, and Big Farm, were born. So why did people continue to eat animal produce after the supermarket gave them other choices? It’s because we have inherited an antiquated diet from our forefathers. Bequeathed through the generations, vestiges of our dated culinary customs remain in our diet today. Vintage recipes and classical cooking methods, which are still widespread today, were invented before the supermarket gave us choices; when chicken stock was the only way to add liquid flavor to your consommé, when mutton was the only protein-rich food in your hamlet. We are eating like we are living in the time before Big Farm.

Something must be said, also, about the culture we have scripted for ourselves, making it odd for a person to order a lighter alternative—like it was the night of my family dinner. Diet, clearly, is as learned as the fashion we wear and the manners we use. Today, we have a faux-culture in terms of diet. A culture of outrage over small portions, and a culture where, for a staggering number of people, a meal is not a meal without the accompaniment of a large hunk of meat.

Until we break American culture’s stranglehold on our diet, Big Farm’s transgressions will remain unfettered. It’s clear that eating from the bounty of things that walk, swim, crawl, and soar around this world is not morally reprehensible in of itself. The story switches when compared against the myriad of choice the consumer is now exposed to. This choice makes the atrocities happening inside abattoirs abjectly unwarranted. When in the supermarket, it’s hard not to see the plain fact that each time I buy chuck sirloin I support the detrimental treatment of beings with the capacity to feel when, knowingly, the can of beans is only feet away.

It may be funny to think of the secular Singer as a “convertor,” but, in this case, he may just be that.

Christopher Kovel is currently completing his M.A. in Ethics and Society at Fordham University. He can be reached at ckovel@fordham.edu.

4 thoughts on “Our Inherited Diet: Reconsidering the Reason We Eat Meat

  1. I feel that it is also worth mentioning, in addition to Big Farms’ monopoly on animal products, the use of GMOs and other chemicals, such as pesticides, in the production of corn and other produce. The problem may extend far beyond eating animal products and stems from Big Farms producing foods at cheaper prices by cutting corners to produce more goods. Considering this, the argument about consuming healthier foods becomes an issue involving the socioeconomic of our country, most particular public health issues among urban Americans living in low-income communities lacking access healthier foods, precious ting the need for more urban farmers markets and affordable locally grown, locally raised products.

  2. My favorite part:
    “When in the supermarket, it’s hard not to see the plain fact that each time I buy chuck sirloin I support the detrimental treatment of beings with the capacity to feel when, knowingly, the can of beans is only feet away.”

  3. “Diet, clearly, is as learned as the fashion we wear and the manners we use. Today, we have a faux-culture in terms of diet.”
    Good point. People who are not, generally speaking, cruel and thoughtless somehow manage to disassociate the meat on their plate with the animal who wanted to live.

Leave a Reply

Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in:

WordPress.com Logo

You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Log Out / Change )

Twitter picture

You are commenting using your Twitter account. Log Out / Change )

Facebook photo

You are commenting using your Facebook account. Log Out / Change )

Google+ photo

You are commenting using your Google+ account. Log Out / Change )

Connecting to %s


text:
New Music: Oliver White "The Morning After Jenna's Party"

Adelaide’s Oliver White (aka. Angela Schilling) made one of the most beautiful records of the year in 2015. I don’t have many words for this record though this song is a real standout. On top of a pretty unorthodox chord structure/form is Angela’s unique ability to sing with both love and pain for someone/something at the same time. It’d be absolutely heartbreaking if it didn’t have the capability to sew your heart right back up.

Every Garden is available through Healthy Tapes and although the cassettes are long sold out, you can pick up a digital copy here.

New MusicLee Hannah


WARC-Identified-Payload-Type: application/xhtml+xml

text:
24th May 2017

EU set to relaunch Cuba relations

The EU is set to normalise relations with Cuba, reports AFP. An EU diplomat told the news agency that the 28 member stats have "agreed on the principle of reviewing relations with Cuba." The EU severed relations in 2003 following a Cuban crackdown that sent 75 dissidents to jail.

Children among dead in UK bomb attack

Children are among the victims after a suspected suicide bomber detonated at the Manchester Arena on Monday, the latest in a string of terror attacks to hit Europe.

Fight club: Russian spies seek EU recruits

Russian intelligence services are using martial arts clubs to recruit potential troublemakers in Germany and other EU countries, security experts have warned.

An open letter to ministers on the audiovisual directive

The ongoing revision of the Audiovisual Media Services Directive is a key opportunity to reduce exposure of Europe's children to advertisements of health-harmful products – an opportunity that should not be missed.

Stakeholders' Highlights

  1. UNICEFChild Alert on Myanmar: Fruits of Rapid Development yet to Reach Remote Regions
  2. Nordic Council of MinistersBecome an Explorer - 'Traces of Nordic' Seeking Storytellers Around the World
  3. Malta EU 2017Closer Cooperation and Reinforced Solidarity to Ensure Security of Gas Supply
  4. European Healthy Lifestyle AllianceHigh-Intensity Interval Training Is Therapeutic Option for Type 2 Diabetes
  5. Dialogue Platform"The West Must Help Turkey Return to a Democratic Path" a Call by Fethullah Gulen
  6. ILGA-EuropeRainbow Europe 2017 Is Live - Which Countries Are Leading on LGBTI Equality?
  7. Centre Maurits CoppietersWhen You Invest in a Refugee Woman You Help the Whole Community
  8. Eurogroup for AnimalsECJ Ruling: Member States Given No Say on Wildlife Protection In Trade
  9. European Heart NetworkCall for Urgent Adoption of EU-Wide Nutrient Profiles for Nutrition & Health Claims
  10. Counter BalanceInvestment Plan for Europe More Climate Friendly but European Parliament Shows Little Ambition
  11. Mission of China to the EUPresident Xi: China's Belt and Road Initiative Benefits People Around the World
  12. Malta EU 2017EU Strengthens Control of the Acquisition and Possession of Firearms


text:
Record Details

Catalog Search

The awakening of sunshine girl / Paige McKenzie with Alyssa Sheinmel ; illustrations by Paige McKenzie.

McKenzie, Paige, (author.). Sheinmel, Alyssa, (author.).

Available copies

  • 16 of 20 copies available at Evergreen Indiana.

Current holds

0 current holds with 20 total copies.

Location Call Number / Copy Notes Barcode Shelving Location Status Due Date
Alexandria-Monroe PL - Alexandria F MCK (Text) 37521530727074 AMPL Teen Fiction Available -
Brownstown PL - Brownstown YAM MCKENZI HAUNTIN b.2 (Text) 79361000097016 Young Adult Mystery Available -
Fulton Co PL - Fulton Library YA MCK (Text) 33187004018962 YA Fiction - F Available -
Fulton Co PL - Rochester Main Library YA MCK (Text) 33187004018970 YA Fiction - R Available -
Greenwood PL - Greenwood TEEN MCK (Text) 36626103835708 New Teen Available -
Huntingburg PL - Huntingburg YA FIC MCK (Text) 39970000597962 YA Available -
Jay Co PL - Portland YF McKEN (Text) 76383000440538 Youth Fiction Available -
Kendallville PL - Kendallville Main Branch TEEN FIC MCK Haunti #2 (Text) 37516002020051 Teen Fiction Available -
Lebanon PL - Lebanon YA F MCKE (Text) 34330513013566 Young Adult - General Fiction In transit -
Montezuma PL - Montezuma YA MCK BK 2 (Text) 36754000290841 Young Adult Fiction Available -
Next 10 »

Record details

  • ISBN: 1602862745
  • ISBN: 9781602862746
  • Physical Description: 296 pages : illustrations ; 22 cm.
  • Publisher: [New York] : Weinstein Books, [2016]

Content descriptions

General Note: Story by Nick Hagen & Alyssa Sheinmel. Based on the web series created by Nick Hagen.
Summary, etc.: Sunshine Griffith can communicate with ghosts. Even more amazing, she recently discovered - with the help of her would-be boyfriend, Nolan - that she's a luiseach, one of an ancient race of creatures who have lived among humans for centuries, protecting them from dark spirits and helping them move on to the afterlife. Now, Sunshine's powers are awakening and she feels spirits everywhere - intense and sometimes overwhelming. Eager to get her supernatural abilities under control, Sunshine agrees to being training with her mentor, her estranged father Aidan. He takes her to an abandoned compound deep in the Mexican jungle. But what she learns there about her powers, and her family history, turns out to be more terrifying than she imagined. Can anything - Aidan's experiments, her friendship with another luiseach named Lucio, even Nolan's research - prepare Sunshine to face the frightening woman who haunts her dreams, and to finally learn the truth about the rift that threatens the future of the luiseach and all of humankind?
Target Audience Note: 790 Lexile.
Subject: Ghost stories.
Dreams > Fiction.
Fathers and daughters > Fiction.
Genre: Paranormal fiction.
Young Adult fiction.

Additional Resources


text:
Record Details

Catalog Search

Murder most frothy : Coffeehouse Mystery Series, Book 4. / Cleo Coyle.

Coyle, Cleo. (Author).

Electronic resources

Record details

  • ISBN: 9781101220474 (electronic bk)
  • Publisher: [Place of publication not identified] : [publisher not identified], 2006.

Content descriptions

Summary, etc.: Clare Cosi's new friend, millionaire David Mintzer, has an offer no New York barista could turn down: an all-expenses-paid summer away from the sticky city. At his Hamptons mansion, she'll relax, soak up the sun, and, oh yes, train the staff of his new restaurant. So Clare packs up her daughter, her former mother-in-law, and her special recipe for iced coffee—for what she hopes will be one de-latte-ful summer...Soon, Clare tends the coffee bar at her first Hamptons gala. But the festivities come to a bitter end when an employee turns up dead in David's bathroom—a botched attempt on the millionaire's life. Thanks to the Fourth of July fireworks no one heard any gunshots, and the police are stuck in holiday traffic. Concerned for everyone's safety, Clare begins to investigate. What she finds will keep her up at night—and it's not the java jitters...
Reproduction Note: Electronic reproduction. New York : Berkley, 2006. Requires Adobe Digital Editions (file size: 330 KB) or OverDrive Read (file size: N/A KB).
Subject: Fiction.
Genre: Electronic books.

Additional Resources


text:
Record Details

Catalog Search

The end times: [an NIV dramatized recording of the book of Revelation].

LaHaye, Tim, 1926-2016 (Added Author).

Record details

  • ISBN: 9780310272304 (sound recording : hoopla Audio Book)
  • ISBN: 0310272300 (sound recording : hoopla Audio Book)
  • Physical Description: 1 online resource (1 audio file (1hr., 33 min.)) : digital
  • Edition: Unabridged.
  • Publisher: [United States] : Zondervan : 2001.

Content descriptions

Restrictions on Access Note: Digital content provided by hoopla.
Summary, etc.: How Will the World End? Could Jesus return in your lifetime---perhaps even today? What will be happening on our planet when he comes? The book of Revelation paints a portrait of the end times that is at once fascinating, horrifying, and full of hope for those who trust in Christ. Arguably the most mysterious and colorful book of the Bible, Revelation has captivated millions with its images of apocalyptic horsemen, demonic monsters, angelic battles, and visions of a new heaven and a new earth ... and of the risen Jesus, revealed in both his humanity and the splendor of his divinity. As our world hurtles toward increasingly troubled and dangerous times, more than ever this ancient book speaks into our lives with words of warning and comfort. Beautifully orchestrated and engineered using the most advanced recording technology, The End Times dramatizes the unfolding imagery of Revelation. Featuring an introduction by Tim LaHaye, author of the runaway bestselling Left Behind Series, this is more than a book of the Bible you listen to. It's an experience that helps you enter into God's Word ... so God's Word can enter into you. Features The complete book of Acts taken from Zondervan's acclaimed, Audie Award-winning NIV Audio Bible Dramatized New Testament New International Version---today's most read, most trusted translation Introduction by Tim LaHaye---founder of the Pre-Trib Research Center and award-winning author of over 40 books including the bestselling Left Behind series Multiple-voice dramatization brings the Bible to life with world-class narration and colorful, true-to-the-text character renderings Fully orchestrated background with sound effects provides maximum enhancement of the text reading Digital engineering from start to finish delivers the ultimate in clarity and listening enjoyment Location markers make finding and keeping your place as you listen as easy as hitting 'fast-forward' or 'reverse'
System Details Note: Mode of access: World Wide Web.
Subject: Bible. Revelation > Study and teaching.
Jesus Christ > Study and teaching.

Additional Resources


text:
Gemini Telescope

From exploring Jupiter‘s equatorial cloud belts to Saturn‘s impressive rings, the Explore One Gemini 70mm Telescope allows young astronomers to see Earth’s neighbors in a whole new way. Featuring superior optics that generate bright, crisp images, this scope has a 70mm aperture and a 700mm focal length, which makes it the largest in the ExploreOne line of refracting telescopes. The scope comes with two high-end eyepieces and a red dot finder to assist in locating objects in the sky. Easy to set up and operate, it has a versatile alt-azimuth mount and a fully adjustable tripod with a tray to help keep accessories close at hand when in the field.

Collections: Explore One, Featured Items, Telescopes

Type: Telescopes

Related Items


text:
Helderberg Small Loop Trail Run

Our trail grading: YELLOW 5A
Distance: 5.3km
Extremeness: Uphill & slippery on the downhill
Location: Helderberg Nature Reserve, Somerset West, South Africa
Joggers: Only me

No jog in Helderberg Nature Reserve is easy! I started in the parking lot and took the road upwards that end up at the gate to Erinvale Golf Estate. From here I linked up with the Blue hiking trail and the took the Black hiking single track as a short-cut to the other side of the Blue trail. The downhill was slippery and rocky. I ended the jog with the regular wooden pathway.

The sun setting behind pine trees
Fynbos after the rain
Jeep track or river... extreme jogging heaven!
The "black" hiking route
Posted by Picasa

Popular Posts


text:
Adding Backgrounds in EZ Green Screen

With EZ Green Screen you have 2 choices for adding backgrounds. You can just use EZ Green Screen for the extractions and add the background in Photoshop. You can also add the background in the EZ Green Screen software interface. When adding background in EZ green Screen, you also can position and scale the foreground. Additionally, you can edit the lighting for the foreground and background. EZ Green Screen 5 now has the Image Balancer software embedded right in to EZ Green Screen so you can easily customize the lighting balance.

Composition Menu

Composition Menu

1 – Add Background: Adds a background into the image. Regardless of the actual background image size, the background size will auto adjust so the entire foreground will fit into the background. The background is kept as a smart object until EZ Green Screen is applied.

2 – FG / BG Positioning: Takes you to the menu to adjust the scaling and positioning for the composition.

3 – Foreground Lighting: Takes you to the menu to adjust the background lighting.

4 – Background Lighting: Takes you to the menu to adjust the background lighting.

5 – Reset Lighting: Resets all lighting settings back to zero for both the foreground and background.

6 – Back to Main Menu: Returns to the main EZ Green Screen menu.

FG / BG Positioning Menu

Composition Menu

1 – Scale BG: This is where you set the foreground to background size ratio. By default, the BG auto sizes as a smart object so the FG fits into the BG. To make the foreground smaller, increase the BG size. To make the FG larger, decrease the BG size. It is setup this way so that everything sizes non-destructively until EZ Green Screen is finished and applied.

2 – FG Move Left / Right: Moves the foreground left or right.

2 – FG Move Up / Down: Moves the foreground up or down.

4 – Reset Scaling and Positioning: Resets the BG size and centers the foreground.

5 – Final Scaling: This selects how the image is scaled when EZ green Screen is applied. If you choose to scale the FG then the final dimensions are the exact dimensions of the background image. IF you choose to scale the BG then the foreground retains it’s original size and the BG image is scaled. The final scaling can also be done as a smart object.

6 – Final Scaling Mode: Choose either bicubic or bicubic automatic. In bicubic automatic, downsizing is done as bicubic sharper and upsizing is done as bicubic (not bicubic smoother).

Lighting Menu

Composition Menu

Lighting Adjustments EZ Green Screen 5 has the Imager Balancer filter built into it. The lighting adjustment work exactly the same as they do in Image Balancer. There are separate adjustment menus for the FG and BG lighting. The adjustments work the same for both the FG and BG. If you choose to output all layers then EZ Green Screen will output the lighting adjustment in non-destructive adjustment layers.

1 – White Balance: Adjusts the color temperature warmer or cooler. This adjustment has a strong effect so you will usually use it at lower values.

2 – Saturation: A standard saturation adjustment.

4 – Brightness: Uses a curves layer to apply a non-linear brightness to avoid channel clipping.

5 – Contrast: Uses a curves layer to apply a non-linear contrast curve (S curve) to avoid channel clipping.

6 – Contrast Bias: Changes how the contrast curve is shaped. A positive value applies more contrast to the highlights. A negative value applies more contrast to the shadows.


text:
Design Trends and resources

Web Design Trends To Look Out For In 2015 | Elegant Themes Blog.

Flat Design vs Minimalism : Which One to Choose? |

8-Point Checklist To Make Your Website Design User-Centered.

– some blurred backgrounds for you …

beyond blur1 blur6b blurs n mo (0-00-12-23) blurs n mo (0-00-13-12) blurs n mo (0-00-14-08) blurs n mo (0-12-10)

25 Wonderful Websites with Blurred Backgrounds.

  • There are still uses to be made of blurred backgrounds.
  • flat design is still being used, sometimes using a certain amount of big picture backgrounds
  • minimalism is still there
  • the vintage/retro styling is being used, for graphic effect, giving an historic depth, intimating towards a richness of background and experience

Color Theory: How Color Works – Design Crawl.

use the tools f4mmedia

– still a great use made of retro or vintage styled pieces …

and then vectorised bits and pieces …

ana dequate message

vectored statement

Leave a Reply

Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: Logo

You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change )

Twitter picture

You are commenting using your Twitter account. Log Out / Change )

Facebook photo

You are commenting using your Facebook account. Log Out / Change )

Google+ photo

You are commenting using your Google+ account. Log Out / Change )

Connecting to %s


text:
• Holidays Set Of 20

  • $32

  • FREE SHIPPING above $75*
  • This Product Is Out of Stock.
    Want To Know When It's Back?
    Set Reminder
    We will notify you via email when this product is back in stock.

Whether it’s Rudolph’s nose, the drying dreidel clay, or the seven candles of Kwanza, we don’t really care how—or if—you celebrate the holidays. And neither does Bald Guy Greeting Cards. Telling it like it is, whether you like it or not, this set of hilarious holiday cards provides an ideal way to inject some politically incorrect spirit (see: funny) into the all-too-sensitive holiday season.
Set of 20. Printed on recycled 12 pt. tango paper. Each card measures 7.25” x 5.25". Envelopes are included.
Ian Kalman, Sean Farrell
Bald Guy Greetings
12 Pt. Recycled Tango Paper
United States

Customer Reviews

This product has no reviews yet. Be the first to review this product. Rate / Write a review

You Might Also Like
Modular Cube Black Set of 6
Soldier Bookend
Cheese Board 12x18 Black
Thermo Pot
Nest 9 Plus
Do you already have a fab account?
Fab | Discover Home, Art, Men's, Women's & Tech Accessories Accents for your brilliant, modern life.

Sign up for exclusive deals and special offers.

Already a member? SIGN IN
Discount applied upon checkout. Log in to your account to see your savings. Some product exclusions may apply. See product page details for more information. Clearance items are final sale. Price matching does not apply to this or any promotion. Offer is valid 30 days from signing up. May not be combined with any other offer/discount (unless specified), including invitation credits, promotional gift cards and/or special discount links.
Enjoy Free Shipping on Fab!
Spend $75+ on Fab products and they ship free.* More Info
*Note: Except to Alaska, Hawaii and Canada.


text:
National Bush Blitz goes to Carnarvon Station

BUsh Blitz websiteThe Snail Whisperer joined a group of scientists on the Bush Blitz at Carnarvon Station this week. Bush Blitz is Australia’s largest nature discovery project.

Early indications are that at least 6 new species of land snails have been discovered during the survey.

Carnarvon Station snail

One of the new species-Simon Hudson’s Woodland Snail (Pallidelix simonhudsoni Stanisic, 2015)

Read Alison Wilson’s story of the fun they had collecting snails and finding new species. Alison and Chris are the managers of Carnarvon Station Reserve

Watch this space for more!


text:
International Genealogical Index (IGI)

The International Genealogical Index was a family history database that listed several hundred million names of deceased persons from throughout the world. Names in the IGI came from two sources.

  • Community Contributed IGI (Personal family information submitted to the LDS Church)
    For a short period of time duplication in the IGI was reduced by removing records from the indexed data when these records were submitted by the community. To do an exhaustive search for your ancestor you should choose to search the Community Contributed IGI and follow the process outlined on the Family Search Wiki IGI page to determine if the record you find was part of an indexed collection.
  • Community Indexed IGI (Vital and church records from the early 1500s to 1885)
    The indexed data has been organized into the original collections from which it was transcribed and resides in the Historical Records system. To see a list of all collections available choose Browse All Published Collections from the home screen. The Community Indexed search from this page searches ONLY the records that were part of the old IGI. Most of these collections have had many more records added to them. To do an exhaustive search for your ancestors you should choose to use the search form on the home screen.

Learn more »

Search Collection

Citing this Collection

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. "International Genealogical Index (IGI)." FamilySearch.

Select a language


text:
Boston, Massachusetts Genealogy

From FamilySearch Wiki
Revision as of 18:46, 15 November 2012 by Yourgenealogist (talk | contribs) (Adding first part of map section)

Jump to: navigation, search

United States Gotoarrow.png Massachusetts Gotoarrow.png Suffolk Gotoarrow.png Boston

This is a historical and genealogical guide to the town and city of Boston. You will find help town histories, vital records, city directories, cemeteries, churches, deeds (i.e. land records), town and city records, newspapers, maps, and libraries. There are general history and genealogy topics such as ward boundaries, census, street guides, and much more. There are detailed guides for the towns Boston annexed: Brighton (1807-1874); Charlestown (1630-1874); Dorchester (1630-1870); Hyde Park (1868-1912); Roxbury (1630-1868); and West Roxbury (1851-1874)

Brief History

Historical Boston, then only the land of a peninsula, was a faction of the land mass it is today after massive land-fill projects of the mid- to late-19th century (the rubble from the Great Boston Fire of 1872 help fill in the waterfront) and the annexing of six towns from two counties (as listed above). Boston was first settled by passengers of the Winthrop Fleet of 1630 who first lodged in Charlestown. These first settlers were Puritans, the religious group wanting to change the Church of England from working inside the church. Called the "City on the Hill" by Gov. John Winthrop, the "hub" as we now call it became the center of trade, education, government, wealth, and power. It was the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, then the Royal colony of Massachusetts, and finally the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

Shortly after its settlement, Boston had become a major settlement. It was the largest town in British North America for the first hundred years. Because of that, the town and later city became a draw for immigrants from around the world. Though the first two hundred years saw mostly English arrivals, Scots, Irish, and French were found here, too. It was after 1820 that immigrants from other European countries started arriving in large numbers. The gate was opened by the Irish fleeing the potato famine in 1847. The next wave included more Irish (their dominance starting in the early 20th century is a testament to their number), but also Germans, Italians, and Syrians. The end of the century saw French Canadians, Russian and Polish Jews, and Swedes arriving. The 21st century brought African Americans from the South, Southeast Asian immigrants (especially Chinese and Vietnamese), Muslims, and Puerto Ricans. Many other ethnicities can be found in pockets all over Boston, and walking in downtown one will likely here many languages being spoken.

Historical Data

The basic data is from the "Historical Data" publication series[1] with additions from various sources.

Associated names

Boston at times was called Shawmut, Tremont, and Trimountaine.

Sections (excluding most of the named squares) in downtown Boston [see annexed towns listed above for names in those areas] include Back Bay, Bay Village, Beacon Hill, Boston Common, Boston Harbor, Chinatown, City Point, Copley Square, East Boston (Eastie), Faneuil Hall, Fenway, Financial District, The Flat (i.e. of Beacon Hill), Fort Point, Government Center, Haymarket Square, Kenmore, Leather District, Logan Airport, Longwood, North End, Scollay Square, Seaport, South End, South Bay, South Boston (Southie), and West End.

Islands that are currently part of Boston are: Apple Island*, Belle Island (formerly Hog's Island)*, Bird Island*, Breed's Island*, Calf Island (formerly Apthrop Island), Castle Island*, Deer Island*, Gallop's Island, George's Island, Governor's Island, Great Brewster Island, Green Island (or North Brewster Island), Little Brewster Island, Little Calf Island, Long Island, Lovell's Island, Middle Brewster Island, Nixes mate, Noddle Island*, Outer Brewster Island, Rainsford Island, Shag Rocks, Spectacle Island, The Graves, Thompson's Island, and Wood Island*.

[* denotes land-fill has made it part of the mainland now and the others are part of the Boston Harbor Island National Recreation Area]

Border changes
Dates Events
7 Sept. 1630 The first reference was "that Trimountaine shalbe called Boston ...." [Mass. Bay Rec., 1: 75]
7 Nov. 1632 It was "... ordered, that the necke of land betwixte Powder Horne Hill & Pullen Poynte (now Winthrop) shall belonge to Boston ...." [Mass. Bay Rec., 1: 101]
4 Mar. 1633 Border between Boston and Roxbury established.
14 May 1634 "... Boston shall haue convenient inlargemt att Mount Wooliston, ... & Prsent it to the nexte Genall court ...." [Mass. Bay Rec., 1: 125]
3 Sept. 1634 It was "... ordered, that Wunetsemt shall belonge to Boston, ... as pte of that towne." [Mass. Bay Rec., 1: 125]
25 Sept. 1634 It was "... ordered, that Boston shall haue inlargemt att Mount Wooliston (now Quincy and Braintree) & Rumney Marsh (now Revere)." [Mass. Bay Rec., 1: 139]
4 Mar. 1635 Border between Boston and Dorchester, at Mount Wooliston and Wessaguscus (now Weymouth) to be determined.
Deer Island, Hog Island, Long Island, and Spectacle Island granted to Boston. [Mass. Bay Rec., 1: 139]
8 July 1635 Border between Boston and Charlestown established.
Border to be established between Boston and Saugus about Rumney Marsh (now Revere).
28 Mar. 1636 Border between Boston and Charlestown, and Boston and Dorchester established.
9 Mar. 1637 Noddle Island (the largest of five islands that made up East Boston) annexed.
6 June 1639 Border between Boston, Charlestown, and Lynn to be settled.
13 May 1640 The part called Mount Wollaston set off as the new town of Braintree.
7 Oct. 1641 Border between Boston and Roxbury established at Muddy River (now Brookline).
Border between Boston and Cambridge established.
13 Nov. 1705 The part called Muddy River set off as the new town of Brookline.
10 Jan. 1739 The parts called Winnissimet, Rumney Marsh, and Pullen Point, except Noodle Island and Hog Island, set off as the new town of Chelsea.
6 Mar. 1804 The section of Dorchester called Dorchester Neck (and now called South Boston) annexed.
4 Mar. 1822 Boston was incorporated as a city per act of 23 Feb. 1822.
22 Feb. 1825 Border between Boston and Brookline established.
25 Mar. 1834 Thompson's Island was set off from Dorchester and annexed to Boston as long as it is used for charitable purposes.
16 Mar. 1836
19 Apr. 1837
Border between Boston and Roxbury established.
3 May 1850 Part of Roxbury annexed and border established.
21 May 1855 Part of Dorchester annexed.
8 May 1860 Part of Roxbury annexed and border established per act of 3 Apr. 1860.
5 Jan. 1868 City of Roxbury annexed by Boston per act of 1 June 1867.
3 Jan. 1870 Town of Dorchester annexed by Boston per act of 4 June 1869.
2 Apr. 1870 Border between Boston and West Roxbury established.
4 Nov. 1870 Part of Brookline annexed per act of 18 June 1870.
12 Apr. 1872 Mount Hope Cemetery in West Roxbury annexed to Boston.
27 May 1873 Border between Boston and Brookline established.
5 Jan. 1874 City of Charlestown annexed by Boston per act of 14 May 1873.
Town of Brighton annexed by Boston per act of 21 May 1873.
Town of West Roxbury annexed by Boston per act of 29 May 1873.
8 May 1874 Part of Brookline annexed.
29 May 1874 Border between Boston and Newton established.
1 July 1875 Part of Newton annexed by Boston per act of 5 May 1875.
27 May 1890 Border between Boston and Brookline established.
4 May 1891 Border between Boston and Somerville established.
13 Apr. 1894 Border between Boston and Brookline established.
29 Mar. 1898 Border between Boston and Newton established.
Border between Boston and Cambridge established.
1 Apr. 1898 Border between Boston and Hyde Park established.
13 May 1898 Border between Boston and Newton established.
29 Mar. 1910 Border between Boston and Cambridge established.
1 Jan. 1912 Town of Hyde Park annexed by Boston per act of 24 May 1911.
Top of Page

Town Histories

]]Works written on the town include:

Boston - General
Top of Page

Bay Back
  • also see Beacon Hill
  • William A. Newman and Wilfred E. Holton, Boston's Back Bay: The Story of America's Greatest Nineteenth-Century Landfill Project (Boston, 2006), xiv, 228 pp.
    WorldCat (Other Libraries); Not at FHL.
Beacon Hill
East Boston
Harbor Island
North End
  • Alex R. Goldfled, The North End: A Brief History of Boston's Oldest Neighborhood (Charleston, S.C., 2009), 190 pp.
    WorldCat (Other Libraries); Not at FHL.
  • Stephen Puleo, The Boston Italians (Boston, 2007), xv, 323 pp.
    WorldCat (Other Libraries); Not at FHL.
  • Anthony V. Riccio, Boston's North End, Images and Recollections of an Italian-American Neighborhood (Guilford, Conn., 2006), xii, 180 pp.
    WorldCat (Other Libraries); Not at FHL.
  • Arnold A. Wieder, The Early Jewish Community of Boston's North End (Waltham, Mass., 1962), 100 pp.
    WorldCat (Other Libraries); Not at FHL.
Top of Page

South Boston
South End

[No general history of this area of the city found.]

Clubs and Social Registers
  • Search online for the histories and directories of the many social clubs in Boston.
  • Social Register, Boston (New York, various years).
    Digital version at Internet Archive various editions and Google Books 1904, 1910
    WorldCat (Other Libraries); Not at FHL.
  • The Clubs of Boston containing a complete List of Members and Addresses of all Boston Clubs of Social and Business Prominence (Boston, 1891), 442 pp. with map.
    Digital version at Internet Archive (1888 ed.).
    WorldCat (Other Libraries); Not at FHL.
Top of Page

Immigration - Ethnicity

[For Italian, also see the North End section]

Top of Page

Topographical - Pictorial
  • Boston's Growth. A Bird's Eye View of Boston's Increase in Territory and Population From It's Beginning to the Present (Boston, 1910), 45 pp.
    Digital version at Internet Archive and Hathi Trust.
    Not on WorldCat; Not at FHL.
  • Boston - One Hundred Years a City. A Collection of Views Made from Rare Prints and Old Photographs Showing the Changes Which Have Occurred in Boston During One Hundred Years of its Existence as a City, 1822-1922 (Boston, 1922), xii, 49 pp.
    Digital version at Internet Archive.
    WorldCat (Other Libraries); Not at FHL.
  • Thomas Pemberton, "A Topographical and Historical Description of Boston, 1794" in the Collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society, for the year 1794, 3: 241-[304].
    Digital version at Google Books.
    WorldCat (Other Libraries); Not at FHL.
  • Nancy S. Seasholes, Gaining Ground A History of Landmaking in Boston (Cambridge, Mass., 2003), xiv, 533 pp.
    WorldCat (Other Libraries); Not at FHL.
  • Charles Shaw, A Topographical and Historical Description of Boston, from the first settlement of the town to the present period : with some account of its environs (Boston, 1817), 311 pp.
    Digital version at Ancestry ($).
    WorldCat (Other Libraries); Not at FHL.
  • Nathaniel B. Shurtleff, A Topographical and Historical Description of Boston (Boston, 1871; 3rd ed., 1890), lvi, 720 pp.
    Digital version at Internet Archive (1871 ed.) and Google Books.
    WorldCat (Other Libraries) (1871 ed.); Not at FHL.
  • Annie Haven Thwing, The Crooked and Narrow Streets of the Town of Boston (Boston, 1920; 2nd ed., 1925; Tercentenary ed., 1930), xi, 282 pp.
    Digital version at Internet Archive, Google Books, and on Ancestry ($).
    WorldCat (Other Libraries); FHL CD no. 1693 with in-library link.
Top of Page

Vital Records

The town's vital records are available in many locations:

Original records
Published records - primary
Published records - secondary
  • Robert J. Dunkle and Ann Smith Lainhart, comp., John Haven Dexter's Memoranda of the Town of Boston in the 18th & 19th Centuries (Boston, 1997), iv, 713 pp.
    WorldCat (Other Libraries); FHL book 974.461 V2d.
  • Robert J. Dunkle and Ann S. Lainhart, Deaths in Boston 1700 to 1799 (Boston, 1999), in 2 vols., xxviii, 1136 pp.
    This voume draws on the town records, coroner's records, church records, contemporary accounts, bible records, histories and genealogies, newspapers, articles in The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, and other town vital records.
    WorldCat (Other Libraries); FHL book 974.461 V2dr v. #.
Top of Page

City Directories and Almanacs

Boston city directories are one of the most complete record of the city's adult male population, business women, and later the widows of the men previously listed. Boston was the third place to start publishing directories (after New York and Philadelphia) in 1789. They became annual (for the most part) after 1825. The directory evolved from a simple entry (ex. Herring Ebenezer, mason and sexton, Lynde-street) to one of name, occupation and location, residence (boarding or house), and would list you if you worked in the city but lived elsewhere (then it would name the town of residence). Added features were usually a map (often not digitized and missing), lists of a few trades (such as lawyer, physician, etc.), a few civic items (fire companies, justices, etc.), and business advertisements. More categories appeared over time. By the later 1800s, when someone was being dropped because they died, their death date would be given, or moved, their new town of residence was given. By 1930, there was a very helpful reverse directory added (arranged by street). This resource ceased publication in 1981.

The entire run of directories was microfiched at the New England Historic Genealogical Society in 1992 and made available through many great libraries including the Boston Public Library, Family History Library, Library of Congress, Massachusetts State Library, and the New England Historic Genealogical Library in Boston. Online copies of theses Boston directories can be found on Internet Archive and Google Books and searching for the year. There are two paid sites. Ancestry ($) is the first one everyone turns to as they created a large library of U.S. city directories from 1821 to 1989. The first caveat is that they do not have the earliest years and some of the "directories" are actually "almanacs." The best website for Boston directories is fold3 that has all the directories from 1789 through 1926. The years available are:

1789, 1796, 1798
1800, 1803, 1805-1810
1813, 1816, 1818, 1820
1864, 1867, 1869
1871, 1873-1975, 1981

The Boston Almanac started publication in 1836 as a simple almanac of climate, astrological, farm, and other tables along with a calendar. Soon, city and state officials were added along with history sections for the previous year and listing of all the streets, wharves, ward boundaries, public building, stage coach tables, societies and institutions, newspapers, and other handy information. The contents can change annually. The title changed over time:

Boston Almanac for the year XXXX
from 1836 (v. 1, no. 1) to 1871 (v. 26, no. 31)
WorldCat (Other Libraries); FHL film 1421639 Item 2 (1849 only)
Boston Almanac and Business Directory
from 1872 (v. 37) to 1894 (v. 59)
WorldCat (Other Libraries); Not at FHL
Boston Register and Business Directory
from 1895 (v. 60) to 1926 (v. 89)
WorldCat (Other Libraries); Not at FHL.

Maps, Wards, and City Streets

This is a list of map resource sites of particular interest to genealogists, and is not an effort to trace the vast cartographic history of Boston in full. There will be many maps of Boston in every major library including the Family History Library. Consult the catalog for the particular holdings of a library. The earliest map specifically of Boston is by Capt. John Bonner in 1722. There are many versions available on the internet, one is at Boston Public Library. Since Boston covers a majority of Suffolk County, look for Suffolk County Atlases.

Reference Books
  • "List of Maps of Boston, Published Between 1614 and 1822" printed as Appendix J of the Thirty-fifth Annual Report of the City Engineer Boston for the year 1901 (Boston, 1902), pp. 129-161.
    Digital version at Internet Archive and Google Books.
    WorldCat (Other Libraries) [rep.]; Not at FHL.
  • List of maps of Boston published subsequent to 1600, copies of which are to be found in the possession of the city of Boston or other collectors of the same ... February 1, 1904 (Boston, 1904), 95 pp.
    Digital version at Internet Archive and Google Books.
    This is another reprint of the 1902 list with supplementary list.
    WorldCat (Other Libraries); Not at FHL.
  • Alex Krieger and David Cobb, Mapping Boston (Cambridge, Mass., 1999), xiv, 278 pp.
    A series of historical and current maps with essays by Anne Mackin discussing the important events and landmarks of the day.
    WorldCat (Other Libraries); Not at FHL.
Maps Online
  • Norman B. Leventhal Map Center, Boston Public Library.
    This is the largest single collection of Boston maps with a listing of 584.
  • Boston Redevelopment Authority, The Boston Atlas.
    This can be a complicated site for the first time user. Click on one of the three viewer choices and wait for the new window to open and fill in with a map. Any of the three will allow a search of a specific address. Here, we are concerned about the historical overlays only. The user can select (or unselect) any overlay desired. For the Flash viewer, unselect all except the historic map (choice of 1775, 1814, 1826, or 1881). The two Java viewers are similar. Unselect all items in the menu except the last. Click on the named box and an extensive menu with sub-menus will appear. The largest collection of historical maps is under "Future Boston Map Collection". Play around until you find what you need.
  • Library of Congress, American Memory project, Boston maps.
  • David Rumsey Historical Map Collection.
    Scroll part way down to the Boston section and then click on "Launch GIS Professional Browser" to view historical maps.
  • Sanborn maps, Boston, 1885.
  • Tufts Digital Collections and Archives, Boston Streets: Mapping Directory Data.

Wards of Boston

There were divisions of the town of Boston, but the ward became important when Boston incorporated as a city in 1822. Wards were drawn and redefined in 1822, 1838, 1850, 1865, 1875, 1895, 1914, and 1924. The 1875 was set aside by the court and never officially used. These ward boundaries were defined in A Catalogue of the City Councils of Boston, 1822-1890, Roxbury, 1846-1867, Charlestown, 1847-1873 and of the selectmen of Boston, 1634-1822, also of various other town and municipal officers (Boston, 1891), xxxix, 270 pp. (Boston, 2nd ed., 1909), 402 pp., at pages 7 through 40 [see WorldCat (Other Libraries); Not at FHL; online at Internet Archive, Google Books, and Hathi Trust (1909 ed.); and in the Municipal Register for 1912, 1924, and 1927 [WorldCat (Other Libraries); Not at FHL; online links for all years, see the Boston Public Library].

It is important to understand these changes ward boundaries as they are referenced in city directories, census, tax records, and other documents. Voter lists and governmental representation was established by wards. The following is a description and associated map to help learn where these boundaries were. Note that the descriptions are the official boundary and the maps sometimes vary from the descriptions (Note: boundaries and colored areas may differ).

Boston Wards in 1822
[Plan of Boston (1826) with ward boundaries - colored section were proposed new wards for 1832]
Ward Description Boundary
Ward No. 1 Copp's Hill area From Winnesimett Ferry (at the northeast point), then westerly along North and Middle to Prince Street, northerly side of Prince to Thacher Street to easterly side of Medford Street to the river. [Note: Four churches]
Ward No. 2 Lewis's Wharf area From Winnesimett Ferry (at the north point), then southwesterly along North and Middle on the easterly side to Cross Street, then along the north side of Cross Street to the harbor. [Note: Three churches]
Ward No. 3 North Station / Mill Pond area From Medford Street at the river along the southerly side of Medford, Thacher, and Prince Streets, then the western side of Middle to Cross Street; From the town dock through Market Square to Union Street on the northeasterly side to Hanover Street, along the west side of Hanover to Friend Street, then northeasterly side of Friend to the river. [Note: Two churches]
Ward No. 4 Strip from Charles River Dam to Long Wharf plus the islands From the river on the southwesterly side of Friend to Hanover Streets, east on Hanover Street on the southerly side to through Market Square and to the Town Dock, and out to the end of Long Wharf; including all the islands (670 inhabitants); at the head of Long Wharf west on the northerly side of State Street, through Court Street, Bowdoin Square, and Cambridge Street, north of Staniford Street on the easterly side through Leverett Place along Prospect Street to where it meets Causeway Street on the river. [Note: Three churches]
Ward No. 5 West End / Mass. Gen. Hospital Starting at the last point in Ward 4 tracing back to Cambridge Street, then west on the northerly side of Cambridge to the West Boston Bridge [now Longfellow Bridge]. [Note: Two churches, the hospital, and the city court house with two gaols]
Ward No. 6 West side of Beacon Hill Starting at the West Boston Bridge (above) at the river along the south side of Cambridge Street, along the westerly side of South Russell Street to Myrtle east on the southerly side of Myrtle Street to Belknap Street, along Belknap south on the westerly side to Beacon Street, west on Beacon along the northerly side to Charles Street (at the meeting of the Charles River and the Receiving Basin that was divided by the mill dam at the Boston / Roxbury line. [Note: One church]
Ward No. 7 State House / King's Chapel area Starting on Beacon Street at the Common, north on Belknap Street on the easterly side to Myrtle Street, the west to South Russell Street, then north along that to Cambridge Street, east on Cambridge along the southerly side along Court Street to Cornhill, then west on Cornhill along the northerly side through Marlborough and Newbury Streets to West Street, northwest on West to the Common, follow the Common to the beginning along Common, Park, and Beacon Streets back to Belknap. [Note: Seven churches]
Ward No. 8 Downtown Crossing area Starting at the corner of Court Street and Cornhill (above), southwest as above to Bedford Street, southeast on Bedford to the harbor; then from Russian Wharf onto Atkinson Street north to Milk Street, then east to Adams Street, north on Adams through Kilby to State Street, then west on State to Cornhill. [Note: Seven churches]
Ward No. 9 Financial District / Fort Hill - Washington Place Starting at the northerly end of India Street on the harbor west along State Street, then south on Kilby Street through Adams Street to Milk Street, then west on Milk to Atkinson Street, then south on Atkinson to the harbor. [Note: Two churches]
Ward No. 10 North side of Chinatown Starting on the south side of Bull's Wharf on the harbor out westward along Bedford and West Streets to the Common, south and west along the Common on Common Street to Boylston Street, east along Boylston through Essex Street to Rainsford Lane, south on the lane to the harbor. [Note: Two churches]
Ward No. 11 South side of Chinatown / Tufts Medical Center Starting at Ward 10 on west side of Rainsford Lane on the harbor north to Essex Street, then west on Essex through Boylston Street, then north along Charles Street to the Mill Dam [actually, to the Roxbury line in the Receiving Basin], along the Charles to Pleasant Street a short distance then east along Elliot Street to Warren Street, then south on Warren to Orange Street, diagonally across to continue on Pine Street to the harbor. [Note: Two churches]
Ward No. 12 Boston Neck along present Washington Street and South Boston Starting at Ward 11's southern border of Pleasant to Elliot to Warren and the Pine Streets as the northern border of Ward 12, all land south of this along the Boston Neck and also South Boston. [Note: Full ward not shown on map and no churches visible]

Boston Wards in 1838

Boston Wards in 1850

Boston Wards in 1865

Boston Wards in 1895

Boston Wards in 1914

Boston Wards in 1924

Top of Page

[NOTE: This page is under construction and will take several months to fill completely, so please be patience. The old page that had content is maintained below.]

Emigration and immigration

Wiki articles describing online collections are found at:

Notarial records - Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775

Early notarial records for the city of Boston were published in volume 32 of the Boston Record Commissioners Reports.

  • Volume 32. A Volume Relating to the Early History of Boston, containing the Aspinwall Notarial Records from 1644 to 1651. Boston: Municipal Printing Office, 1903. (FHL book 974.461 H2b v. 32). Digital version at Internet Archive

Orphans and orphanages

  • Holloran, Peter C. Boston's Waywards Children: Social Services for Homeless Children, 1830-1930. Boston: Northeastern University Press, c1989. FHL book 974.461 J3h.

  • Downer, Lawrence W. "The Indentures of Boston's Poor Apprentices: 1734-1805," The Colonial Society of Massachusetts (Mar. 1962):417-434. Digital version at Primary Research - free.
  • Nellis, Eric and Anne Decker Cecere. ed. The Eighteenth-Century Records of the Boston Overseers of the Poor. Boston: Colonial Society of Massachusetts, c2007. FHL book 974.4 B4cs v. 69.

City of Boston Archives
201 Rivermoor Street
West Roxbury, Massachusetts 02132
Telephone: 617-635-1195
Fax: 617-635-1194
Hours: Monday-Friday, 9:30 A.M. to 4:30 P.M. by appointment only

The National Archives at Boston
Frederick C. Murphy Federal Center
380 Trapelo Road
Waltham, Massachusetts 02452-6399
Telephone: 781-663-0130
Fax: 781-663-0154

Boston Public Library
700 Boylston Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02116
Telephone: 617-536-5400

Congregational Library
14 Beacon Street, 2nd Floor
Boston, Massachusetts 02108
Telephone: 617-523-0470
Fax: 617-523-0491

The Congregational Library has an impressive collection of records documenting the history of American Congregationalism for the last 300 years. Equally impressive is their collection of New England local, town, and family histories. They also have a strong collection of published Massachusetts vital records. Congregational church records include membership lists, dismissals, baptisms, marriages, minutes of meetings, etc.

New England Historic Genealogical Society
101 Newbury Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02116-3007
Telephone: 617-536-5740
Fax: 617-536-7307

The New England Historic Genealogical Society (NEHGS) has a substantial collection of published New England genealogies and local histories. They also have a strong microform collection that contains copies of original town, probate, land, and vital records; censuses; city directories; and immigration records for most of the New England states and neighboring Canadian provinces. Their manuscript department, which is open only to members, houses over 2 million manuscript items. Some of the items date to the late fourteenth century. Much of the collection emphasizes the New England area. Included in the collection are thousands of unpublished family histories and genealogies, bibles and bible records, church, cemetery, town, and vital records, maps, photographs, etc.

Massachusetts Historical Society
1154 Boylston Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02215
Telephone: 617-646-0532
Fax: 617-859-0074

  1. William Francis Galvin, Historical Data Relating to Counties, Cities and Towns in Massachusetts (Boston, new ed., 1997), 21-23. WorldCat (Other Libraries); FHL book 974.4 H2h 1997
Adjacent towns: Suffolk Co.: Chelsea | Revere | Winthrop | Middlesex Co.: Cambridge | Everett | Medford | Newton | Somerville | Watertown | Norfolk Co.: Brookline | Canton | Dedham | Milton | Needham | Quincy | Plymouth Co.: Hull


text:
Current Moon Phase

Waning Crescent
4% of full

Farmers Almanac
The 2017 Farmers Almanac
Farmers' Almanac

Weather History Results for Leominster, MA (01453) October 5th, 1952

« Previous Day - 10/4/1952 •••• 10/6/1952 - Next Day »

On October 5th, 1952, the closest available weather station to Leominster, MA (BEDFORD HANSCOM FIELD, MA), reported the following conditions:

High Temp: 73.4°F
Low Temp: 43.3°F
Average Temp: 57.9°F( 24 )
Dewpoint: 46.9°F( 24 )
Sea Level Pressure: 1018 mb( 24 )
Station Pressure: 1012.5 mb( 24 )
Visibility: 13.4 miles( 24 )
Wind Speed: 6.8 knots( 24 )
Max Wind Speed: 15.9 knots
Max Wind Gust: n/a
Precipitation Amount: 0 inches G
Snow Depth: n/a
Observations: n/a
  • ( number ) = Number of observations used in calculating result for the day.
  • G = 1 report of 24-hour precipitation amount.
  • See more historical weather results for Leominster, MA on this day:
    October 5th, 1949
    October 5th, 1950
    October 5th, 1951
    October 5th, 1953
    October 5th, 1954
    October 5th, 1955
    Zip Code Month Day Year
    Full link to these results:

    Disclaimer: Farmers' Almanac's Weather History information is based upon data collected by the National Climatic Data Center. While we cannot guarantee every reported condition for a given day is accurate, we are continuing to work with the NCDC to provide information that is as accurate as possible.

    If you notice a hole in the upper left-hand corner of your Farmers' Almanac, don't return it to the store! That hole isn't a defect; it's a part of history. Starting with the first edition of the Farmers' Almanac in 1818, readers used to nail holes into the corners to hang it up in their homes, barns, and outhouses (to provide both reading material and toilet paper). In 1919, the Almanac's publishers began pre-drilling holes in the corners to make it even easier for readers to keep all of that invaluable information (and paper) handy.

    Spring Is Here – Sign Up Today!

    The Farmers' Almanac is a gardener's best friend. Get 365 days of access to our online weather and gardening calendars + a copy of the 2017 Almanac
    for only $13.99 $11.99!

    Subscribe Today »


text:
Current Moon Phase

Waning Crescent
4% of full

Farmers Almanac
The 2017 Farmers Almanac
Farmers' Almanac

Weather History Results for Springfield, MO (65809) September 22nd, 1993

« Previous Day - 9/21/1993 •••• 9/23/1993 - Next Day »

On September 22nd, 1993, the closest available weather station to Springfield, MO (SPRINGFIELD REGIONAL ARPT, MO), reported the following conditions:

High Temp: 87.1°F *
Low Temp: 57.9°F
Average Temp: 76°F( 24 )
Dewpoint: 64.2°F( 24 )
Sea Level Pressure: 1016.7 mb( 24 )
Station Pressure: 972 mb( 24 )
Visibility: 14.9 miles( 24 )
Wind Speed: 11.2 knots( 24 )
Max Wind Speed: 15.9 knots
Max Wind Gust: n/a
Precipitation Amount: 0 inches G
Snow Depth: n/a
Observations: n/a
  • ( number ) = Number of observations used in calculating result for the day.
  • * = Indicates max temp was derived from the hourly data (i.e., highest hourly or synoptic-reported temperature), and not from the explicit max temp report.
  • G = 1 report of 24-hour precipitation amount.
  • See more historical weather results for Springfield, MO on this day:
    September 22nd, 1990
    September 22nd, 1991
    September 22nd, 1992
    September 22nd, 1994
    September 22nd, 1995
    September 22nd, 1996
    Zip Code Month Day Year
    Full link to these results:

    Disclaimer: Farmers' Almanac's Weather History information is based upon data collected by the National Climatic Data Center. While we cannot guarantee every reported condition for a given day is accurate, we are continuing to work with the NCDC to provide information that is as accurate as possible.

    If you notice a hole in the upper left-hand corner of your Farmers' Almanac, don't return it to the store! That hole isn't a defect; it's a part of history. Starting with the first edition of the Farmers' Almanac in 1818, readers used to nail holes into the corners to hang it up in their homes, barns, and outhouses (to provide both reading material and toilet paper). In 1919, the Almanac's publishers began pre-drilling holes in the corners to make it even easier for readers to keep all of that invaluable information (and paper) handy.

    Spring Is Here – Sign Up Today!

    The Farmers' Almanac is a gardener's best friend. Get 365 days of access to our online weather and gardening calendars + a copy of the 2017 Almanac
    for only $13.99 $11.99!

    Subscribe Today »


text:
Current Moon Phase

Waning Crescent
4% of full

Farmers Almanac
The 2017 Farmers Almanac
Farmers' Almanac

Weather History Results for Marina del Rey, CA (90292) April 26th, 2009

« Previous Day - 4/25/2009 •••• 4/27/2009 - Next Day »

On April 26th, 2009, the closest available weather station to Marina del Rey, CA (LOS ANGELES INTL ARPT, CA), reported the following conditions:

High Temp: 64°F
Low Temp: 51.1°F
Average Temp: 57.4°F( 24 )
Dewpoint: 46.3°F( 24 )
Sea Level Pressure: 1017.1 mb( 21 )
Station Pressure: 1005.3 mb( 24 )
Visibility: 10 miles( 24 )
Wind Speed: 8.2 knots( 24 )
Max Wind Speed: 19 knots
Max Wind Gust: 27 knots
Precipitation Amount: 0 inches G
Snow Depth: n/a
Observations: n/a
  • ( number ) = Number of observations used in calculating result for the day.
  • G = 1 report of 24-hour precipitation amount.
  • See more historical weather results for Marina del Rey, CA on this day:
    April 26th, 2006
    April 26th, 2007
    April 26th, 2008
    April 26th, 2010
    April 26th, 2011
    April 26th, 2012
    Zip Code Month Day Year
    Full link to these results:

    Disclaimer: Farmers' Almanac's Weather History information is based upon data collected by the National Climatic Data Center. While we cannot guarantee every reported condition for a given day is accurate, we are continuing to work with the NCDC to provide information that is as accurate as possible.

    If you notice a hole in the upper left-hand corner of your Farmers' Almanac, don't return it to the store! That hole isn't a defect; it's a part of history. Starting with the first edition of the Farmers' Almanac in 1818, readers used to nail holes into the corners to hang it up in their homes, barns, and outhouses (to provide both reading material and toilet paper). In 1919, the Almanac's publishers began pre-drilling holes in the corners to make it even easier for readers to keep all of that invaluable information (and paper) handy.

    Spring Is Here – Sign Up Today!

    The Farmers' Almanac is a gardener's best friend. Get 365 days of access to our online weather and gardening calendars + a copy of the 2017 Almanac
    for only $13.99 $11.99!

    Subscribe Today »


text:
The Death of Journalism? Part 1

August 14, 2013 3:14 PM0 comments

nfbentonpicRemarkably, the past few weeks have seen an amazing sort of passing in the arena of journalism and news. This week came the death of a third legendary journalist (don’t they say these things always some in three’s?) Jack Germond, joining recently-passed giants Helen Thomas and Herb Kaplow in the Big Newsroom in the Sky.

All three shared similar traits and values as “old school” practitioners of the fine art of seeking out and passing on, intelligibly, truths about things that mattered to millions of citizens in our proud democracy. All enjoyed a love of their craft that always shone in their work, a special kind of joyful glow attending the iconoclastic roles that good journalists – properly ranked with poets and playwrights among the fine artists of truth-telling – play so importantly.

They had the special benefit of knowing that their work was making an important difference to the course of humankind’s affairs. They weren’t just earning a paycheck and they were valued for far more than a shallow celebrity’s sex appeal. They worked hard, they were persistent, they were willing to stand in the face of resistance and demand the truth from power.

Don Bachardy, a dear friend and surviving partner of one of the great authors and essayists of the English language, Christopher Isherwood, explained to me just last weekend that Isherwood considered his greatest challenge to be making his stories and arguments readily intelligible to his readers. His was not a calling to make his works difficult and aloof, but the contrary. The art of writing was to him the art of conveyance of meaningful content to the reader. How similar is that calling to what a good journalist is called to do every day!

We journalists cut our teeth on the notion of keeping the reader in the forefront of our minds, to employ the famous “five W’s” – who, what, where, when and why (in more recent times, “how” being added) – in the interest of clarity for the reader. Isherwood wrote than in keeping the reader in the forefront, that reader can’t be viewed just an amorphous mass, but must be as images of real people, people you know and can imagine what it would be like telling a story to them.

Such are important matters to consider in the face of the transfer of the tools of the profession into the hands of people who know nothing of this. The sale of so many major daily newspapers, the latest of the mighty Washington Post, to moguls who know how to, and intend to, make money off of them, stands in sharp contrast to the grizzled, life-loving yeomen who created and sustained the whole enterprise from the mean streets and sharp-penciled editors on up.

It used to be, at least since the early 20th century reformers who promoted somewhat objective standards for journalistic excellence, that journalism stood apart from the pursuit of either filthy lucre or crass partisanship in politics. In the early days of television, for example, it was a deliberate policy that the nightly news shows were devoid of advertising. It was important to make a public example of the separation of tough news reporting from the influence of the almighty dollar.

Truth, honesty and integrity in the service of democracy defined the work, and not a phony concept of “balance.” Hitler, Stalin and Roosevelt were not moral equivalents the way that the modern notion of “fair and balanced” might suggest.

Journalists are servants of the people, tasked with giving them the tools of knowledge and insight needed to preserve the viability of their democratic institutions.

The death knell for newspapers came not with radio and TV, or the Internet, but when they went to Wall Street to become publicly traded entities. Then a whole new, alien kind of value system began to infect the newsroom. Accountants, not editors, began making the big decisions, always mindful of pleasing profit-driven investors.

The expendable became hard news gathering, compared to revenue-generated advertising. God help us if the new wave of monied moguls take our newspapers further down that road to ruin.

Leave a Reply

Facebook Iconfacebook like buttonTwitter Icontwitter follow buttonGoogle+Google+


text:
Feast upon the Word Blog

A blog focused on LDS scriptures and teaching

Lost Sheep or Dumb Asses?

Posted by BrianJ on October 3, 2014

The Book of Isaiah opens by properly sharing its theme, but I don’t know in what tone it was meant to be delivered. It starts out clearly enough, “The vision concerning Judah and Jerusalem that Isaiah son of Amoz saw…,” but should we read what follows as a rebuke or a beckon?

Dumb Asses

Focus on verse 3. Every time I’ve heard this verse discussed, commenters interpret Jehovah/Isaiah mocking his audience:

The ox knows its master,
the donkey its owner’s manger,
but Israel does not know,
my people do not understand.

In other words: “Israel, you are dumber than dumb,” right?

Lost Sheep

Well, maybe. But is there another way to read that verse? Could Jehovah/Isaiah juxtapose Israel with ox and donkeys not to embarrass or belittle his people, but rather to awaken them to a sense of their lost state? As rough as my life might get, I hope that I’m always better off than domestic beasts.

In other words: “Israel, you are lost and don’t know where to turn.”

The Rest of the Chapter (and Book)

I like my second reading better, but what I like isn’t the point. What matters is how Jehovah/Isaiah meant it to be heard and read. The more common reading aligns better with a jealous, wrathful God who threatens to punish Israel with destruction. My reading suggests a sympathetic, patient God who hopes to steer Israel off its own destructive course. Is there more support for one reading over the other? Let’s see….

I reared children and brought them up,
but they have rebelled against me. (Verse 2)

The relationship of parent-child seems rather intimate (lost sheep), but “rebellion” sounds more like fightin’ words (dumb doomed asses).

Woe to the sinful nation,
a people whose guilt is great,
a brood of evildoers,
children given to corruption!
They have forsaken the Lord;
they have spurned the Holy One of Israel
and turned their backs on him. (Verse 4)

Sure sounds like people who have it coming—whatever “it” may be. Incidentally, the NET translation replaces “Woe to the sinful nation” with “the sinful nation is as good as dead.” Is that a threat or a warning? I guess that all depends on whether Jehovah is behind whatever is about to befall—or is already befalling—Israel or not.

Why should you be beaten anymore?
Why do you persist in rebellion?
Your whole head is injured,
your whole heart afflicted. (Verse 5)

Here’s where Jehovah’s feelings of sorrow really seem to form, continuing on through Verse 9. Still, most discussions I’ve heard, working from a sarcastic reading of Verse 2, read the two questions in Verse 5 as rhetorical impatience: “Ugh, seriously, why are you sooooo stupid?! Look at you: you’re a mess.”

Can those questions be read as genuine? If so, then how could Israel answer? Really, why should Israel be beaten anymore? Why does it persist in rebellion? If Jehovah/Isaiah meant for those questions to be answered then—well, first, then there should be a BIG PAUSE mid-way or just after Verse 5 while the reader/listener answer the questions. But second, then it changes the tone of the following verses. They’re no longer designed to admonish Israel for being a mess, but rather are meant to acknowledge that the Lord sees how sorely Israel hurts.

From the sole of your foot to the top of your head
there is no soundness—
only wounds and welts
and open sores,
not cleansed or bandaged
or soothed with olive oil.

Your country is desolate,
your cities burned with fire;
your fields are being stripped by foreigners
right before you,
laid waste as when overthrown by strangers.
Daughter Zion is left
like a shelter in a vineyard,
like a hut in a cucumber field,
like a city under siege. (Verses 6-8)

Verse 9 switches from quoting Jehovah to quoting Israel’s response (kind of like Israel answering those questions from Verse 5):

Unless the Lord Almighty
had left us some survivors,
we would have become like Sodom,
we would have been like Gomorrah. (Verse 9)

This doesn’t sound like God upbraiding his people and his people spitting back at him. This sounds like a doctor-to-patient conversation—or perhaps, a FEMA-to-disaster victim.

“The multitude of your sacrifices—
what are they to me?” says the Lord….
“Stop bringing meaningless offerings!
Your incense is detestable to me.
Your New Moon feasts and your appointed festivals
I hate with all my being.
When you spread out your hands in prayer,
I hide my eyes from you;
even when you offer many prayers,
I am not listening.

Your hands are full of blood!” (Verses 11-15)

It’s kind of a strange message, because it sounds a lot like, “Remember all that stuff I told you to do in Leviticus and that I would destroy you if you didn’t? Yeah, don’t do that.” So, what’s the prescription? What’s the Lord’s Marshall Plan?

Wash and make yourselves clean.
Take your evil deeds out of my sight;
stop doing wrong.
Learn to do right; seek justice.
Defend the oppressed.
Take up the cause of the fatherless;
plead the case of the widow. (Verses 16-17)

That doesn’t seem to harsh. I mean, if the Lord is really angry and the people’s hands are covered in blood, then the Lord could have issued a far harsher punishment than, “Stop it and be nice!” I’m just not feeling the anger here. The next verses only add to the sense of calm:

“Though your sins are like scarlet,
they shall be as white as snow;
though they are red as crimson,
they shall be like wool.
If you are willing and obedient,
you will eat the good things of the land…. (Verses 18-19)

Well, that does it. I’m convinced: The Book of Isaiah is from a kind and loving God who gently beckons his lost sheep to return and shelter under his tender care.

Except the Angry Parts

Verse 20 starts the warning:

…but if you resist and rebel,
you will be devoured by the sword.” (Verse 20)

The following verses read like Isaiah, having just delivered God’s decree, now rendering his evaluation:

See how the faithful city
has become a prostitute!
She once was full of justice….
but now murderers!
Your rulers are rebels,
partners with thieves…. (Verses 21-23)

Oh, drat! because I thought the earlier message was an invitation to change my ways and return to the Lord. Now it sounds like just a reading of the rules I broke, the blessings I forfeited, and the final verdict issued in my case. It gets worse. Much worse:

Therefore the Lord, the Lord Almighty,
the Mighty One of Israel*, declares:
“Ah! I** will vent my wrath on my foes
and avenge myself on my enemies.
I will turn my hand against you;
You will be ashamed…
You will be disgraced…
You will be like an oak with fading leaves,
like a garden without water.
The mighty man will become tinder
and his work a spark;
both will burn together,
with no one to quench the fire.” (Verses 24-31)

Taken as a whole, this chapter reads like a Jehovah was once patient and merciful, but reached a point where his patience wore thin. Israel is doomed and there is nothing the people can do anymore to change it.

I think this…pessimistic reading highlights one of the common questions/heresies of the Old Testament: is this the same God we meet in the New Testament?

* “the Lord, the Lord Almighty, the Mighty One of Israel.” Three titles for the guy about to declare—and not one of them is “father,” “friend,” or “redeemer.” Make no mistake: those last two are military titles.

** “I.” Regardless of how the destruction comes, the Lord will take credit. This isn’t a warning about what could happen (“watch out for that tree!”), it’s a warning of what the Lord will do (“I will clobber you.”).

Note: Bible verses are from the NIV.

3 Responses to “Lost Sheep or Dumb Asses?”

  1. NathanG said

    One of my favorite religion teachers from college said Isaiah has a typical theme of beginning with a really harsh message, but always ending with the source of hope an salvation. I’ve never really tried to explore other ways of reading it because it sets well with me (although I like your question as to how it was intended to be read).

    I don’t know how effective it really is, but it seems the more rebellious a people get the harsher the accusation of wickedness needs to be to get their attention. On a similar note, the Book of Mormon narrative notes a few times when people are so wicked that the Spirit ceases to strive with them. I think when I hear people casually talk about “strives” they would think about losing the companionship of the Holy Ghost and numerous talks that the Spirit is easily offended. However, when that phrase is used in context, the people are usually quite wicked and probably lost the “companionship” of the Holy Ghost long before. “Strive” seems more like a conflict word than a companionship or partnership word. The Holy Ghost will strive to the very last point, until a heart is hardened beyond any hearing, to get someone to turn back. I wonder if Isaiah is just in a similar role at this point. Maybe instead of a jealous God of the Old Testament we need to think of a God showing tough love.

  2. Robert C. said

    Nice post, Brian (sorry I’m just getting to it). I have two thoughts in response.

    1. A lot of your questions remind me of the different ways that God’s outstretched arm can or should be interpreted. It seems that most contemporary Old Testament scholars take this as a uniformly menacing gesture, but Nephi seems to radically reinterpret this as a welcoming(/hugging) gesture. Even if the original intent of the scriptural phrases in Isaiah 1 were meant one way, I think it’s useful to think about alternative interpretations — there seems to be nice precedent in Mormonism for these kinds of reinterpretations (via Nephi and Joseph Smith).

    2. My sense is that you are picking up the tension between first and second Isaiah. I think first Isaiah (chapters 1-39) is written very much an Old Testament vein, but I think second Isaiah (chapters 40-55) gives us a much less pessimistic, more New Testament kind of God. (I highly recommend John Oswalt’s commentary on second Isaiah — I think he avoids twisting the text to serve Christian ends, and yet I think he does a nice, responsible job showing messianic themes in second Isaiah that have strong resonance with our New Testament sensibilities.)

    • BrianJ said

      1. I agree that it’s useful to think about alternative interpretations—I just think it is always important, whenever possible, to recognize and label them as alternative; i.e., not what the author intended. Otherwise, isn’t it just scripture wresting?

      2. You’re spot on about first/second Isaiah.

Sorry, the comment form is closed at this time.

%d bloggers like this:


text:
Hollings Cow Ears 3 per pack

RRP: £2.11

You save: 20p (9%)

£1.91 64p each

This is a specialist veterinary product. We will ask you a simple set of questions to confirm that you are buying the correct medicine for your pet and know how to use it safely

Warning: By law we cannot sell this product to anyone under 18, by placing an order with us you are confirming that you are over the age of 18.

Order by 3pm for Express Courier Delivery  Some of the items we sell are a bit too bulky to fit on our delivery vans so we offer our customers Next Day Delivery via courier. Deliveries are made from 8am - 8pm Monday to Saturday and 9am - 5pm on Sundays. Your delivery slot will only be confirmed once your order has been placed.

Hollings Cow Ears for Dogs are deliciously, 100% natural treats for your dog. These mouth-watering snacks are the healthy way to reward your dog, containing no artificial colourings or flavourings.

Air dried to perfection, Hollings Cow Ears will keep your dog chomping away for hours.

Cow Ears

Feeding Guide

These delicious treats can be given at any time of the day; they are perfect to use as rewards or just as a healthy snack!
Fresh drinking water should always be available for your dog.
Other customers also viewed


WARC-Identified-Payload-Type: text/x-cgi

text:
Begin New Search
Refine Last Search
Cemetery Lookup
Add Burial Records
Help with Find A Grave

Find all Lincolns in:
 • Oak Ridge Cemetery
 • Springfield
 • Sangamon County
 • Illinois
 • Find A Grave

Top Contributors
Success Stories
Community Forums
Find A Grave Store

Log In
Robert Todd Lincoln
Birth: Aug. 1, 1843
Sangamon County
Illinois, USA
Death: Jul. 26, 1926
Bennington County
Vermont, USA

US Cabinet Member and Diplomat. He is best remembered as the first child of 16th US President Abraham Lincoln and Mary Todd Lincoln and was the only one of the President's children to survive past the age of 18. After graduating from Phillips Exter Academy at Exter, New Hampshire in 1860, he attended Harvard University at Cambridge, Massachusetts from 1861 until 1865. In February 1865 he was commissioned as an assistant adjutant with the rank of captain and served in the last weeks of the American Civil War as part of General Ulysses S. Grant's immediate staff, a position which sharply minimized the likelihood that he would be involved in actual combat. He was present at Confederate General Robert E. Lee's surrender at Appomattox, Virginia on April 9, 1865 and two months later he resigned his commission. Following his father's assassination on April 14, 1865 he moved to Chicago, Illinois with his mother and youngest brother Tad where he completed his law studies at the Old University of Chicago law school (later absorbed by the Northwestern University School of Law) and was admitted to the bar in February 1867. In 1877 he turned down President Rutherford B. Hayes' offer to appoint him Assistant Secretary of State, but later accepted an appointment as President James Garfield's Secretary of War, serving from 1881 to 1885 under Presidents Garfield and Chester A. Arthur. In 1887 he assisted Oscar Dudley in establishing the Illinois Industrial Training School for Boys in Norwood Park, Illinois. In 1889 he was appointed the US minister to England (the Court of St. James) by President Benjamin Harrison, serving until 1893 during which time his young son, Abraham II "Jack", died from blood poisoning. After finishing his term, he returned to his law practice. In 1897 he became president of the Pullman Palace Car Company and in 1911 he became its chairman of the board until 1922. He died in his sleep at his home from a cerebral hemorrhage at the age of 82. (bio by: William Bjornstad)
Family links:
  Abraham Lincoln (1809 - 1865)
  Mary Ann Todd Lincoln (1818 - 1882)
  Robert Todd Lincoln (1843 - 1926)
  Robert Todd Lincoln (1843 - 1926)*
  Edward Baker Lincoln (1846 - 1850)*
  William Wallace Lincoln (1850 - 1862)*
  Thomas Lincoln (1853 - 1871)*
*Calculated relationship
"Buried at Arlington National Cemetery"
Oak Ridge Cemetery *
Sangamon County
Illinois, USA
Plot: Across from Abraham Lincoln's monument
GPS (lat/lon): 39.8247, -89.6592
*Cenotaph [?]
Maintained by: Find A Grave
Record added: Jul 04, 2000
Find A Grave Memorial# 10323
Robert Todd Lincoln
Added by: Anonymous
Robert Todd Lincoln
Added by: ronald deavy
Robert Todd Lincoln
Added by: Connie Nisinger
There is 1 more photo not showing...
Click here to view all images...
Photos may be scaled.
Click on image for full size.

- Carol M.
 Added: Apr. 25, 2017

- CWDavis
 Added: Mar. 6, 2017

- jaxjonesing
 Added: Feb. 7, 2017
There are 234 more notes not showing...
Click here to view all notes...
Do you have a photo to add? Click here
How famous was this person?
Current ranking for this person: (4.3 after 347 votes)

Privacy Statement and Terms of Service


text:
Mr Tamer Tadross: Trauma & orthopaedic surgery

Mr Tamer Tadross

Trauma & orthopaedic surgery

  • Fee assured

Areas of interest

Hip replacement surgery; Joint replacements; Knee surgery; Revision surgery (orthopaedic); Lower limb arthroplasty

Medical secretaries

Anaesthetists worked with (Bupa members, please ask your consultant whether your anaesthetist is fee-assured)

Consultant's practices
Information for healthcare professionals

Information for healthcare professionals (Bupa patients only, last 12 months)

Procedures completed

  • W8200

    Arthroscopic meniscectomy (including debridement) - (1-5)

    Park Hill Hospital (1-5)

  • W3712

    Primary total hip replacement +/- cement - (1-5)

Edit details Print page

The information contained on Finder is submitted by consultants, therapists and facilities, and is declared by these third parties to be correct and compliant with the standards and codes of conduct specified by their relevant regulatory body. Bupa cannot guarantee the accuracy of all of the information provided.

You can find out more about the data and information on Finder and our website terms of use here.