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Wardrobe Design Ideas for Small Bedrooms India

Wardrobe Design Ideas for Small Bedrooms India

A bedroom is a place that offers time to relax, spend time and sleep. Generally, people are disappointed as their bedroom is small and they are unable to store more. Now honestly, there is nothing to fear, even the smallest bedroom has the potential to turn into a safe harbour. Here are a few clever wardrobe design ideas for small bedrooms India:

Neat and simple

Keep the small space neat and simple. Keep only basic things such as a bed, a TV and a lamp. With minimalist design, it will be an ideal place to relax.

Mirror, mirror

Large mirrors to decorate small bedrooms ensure a sense of depth. You get to see more as the reflection.

Storage space

For small bedrooms, mess and chaos are fatal. Spending few minutes daily to clean the bedroom is mandatory. If you do not have a closet in the bedroom, store the accessories and clothes, but ensure a wall curtain is hung and you can store everything behind it.

 Design with daylight

Ascertain natural light has great effect, small or big. Strive to use daylight to get bedroom with brightness. Hang heavy roller blinds or thick curtains. Instead, install blinds or light shutters providing privacy at night.

Corner office

If you wish to have an office in the small bedroom, consider clever furniture that offers multifunctional rooms. Integrate in the small bedroom a small workspace.

Color focus

Bright colors are amazing for small spaces, as it gives a bigger room appeal. It presents solutions for small bedrooms. However, maintain a focal point. The pillows can be the attraction, thus keep the bed print in a lighter contrast.

Under bed storage space

Integrate few drawers under bed and use it for storage. Mostly the under bed space is not used optimally. You can now make the right choice.

Folding beds

Folding furniture is the best space-saving solutions and suits the small bedrooms. You also benefit as you get extra square-feet! This system of fold-down bed is really clever, as once it gets folded; the wall works as a room divider.

The large closet

A large cabinet is valuable so that it maximizes space. Keep separate areas for clothes to hang, ensure shelves and drawers to organize things properly.

Different wall design

Distraction is a good tactic. Paint one of the walls in a strong color and design it with a photo, sticker or a print. Use the color to one side or wall.  Have colorful bedroom for inspiration and your small bedroom will appear bigger.

The industrial look

Exposed wall bricks give a special atmosphere to the small bedroom. It gives a cool style.

Light, and more light

Light in the small spaces is of great importance. Daylight is good and even during the summer longest days, it gets dark. Invest in beautiful candles, night lights, or tee lights to create a cozy atmosphere in the evenings in small bedrooms.

The ladder rack

Having a small ladder helps. A positive effect is when your house is dry in hot season you can damp towels and put on the ladder, it will give a cool feel.

© 2018 MO Furnishings

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Sr External Comms Specialist,Shanghai,HRM,Corp

Sr External Comms Specialist,Shanghai,HRM,Corp

5-8 years
Not Specified

Job Description

Sr. External Communications Specialist - Honeywell China External Communications
As a core member of Honeywell China's External Communications Centre of Excellence team, Sr. External Communications Specialist is responsible for developing and delivering engaging communications content to achieve communications and business objectives. This role oversees media communications, cultivates and manages relationships with key media outlets, develops and implements plans to support company's business priorities and shape a favorable brand in the market.
This position reports to Sr. Director, China Corporate Communications & Marketing and is based in Shanghai.

Key Responsibilities
Plan and implement media communication strategy in China to enhance company reputation and thought leadership in a focused and strategic approach.
Maintain and cultivate strategic partnership and solid relations with influential media outlets in China.
Work with internal stakeholders and external agency to draft, edit and distribute press materials to promote the company's media profile, in collaboration with other peer functions to jointly boost company brand image and increase share of voice.
Manage business leaders media engagement and ensure messages and approaches are in line with communications strategy.
Seek out editorial opportunities to compose and edit compelling stories aligned with communications priorities for external use.
Drive and manage key media communications campaigns, projects and activities to engage key media stakeholders through integrated approaches.
Act as the duty manager of Honeywell China Press Office, respond and coordinate media requests and inquiries.
You Must Have
Bachelor's degree or above in Communications, Journalism, Public Relations, Marketing, Foreign Language Studies or other related fields.
At least 5-8 years of experience in Communications and Public Relations, familiar with media environment in China and with solid media resources.
A proven record of executing high-impact communications projects and strong media relations expertise.

We Value
Deep understanding of B2B industry communications practices.
Experience of working in large international matrix organizations with diverse products and solutions.

About Honeywell

Honeywell International Inc. is an American publicly traded, multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina. It primarily operates in four areas of business: aerospace, building technologies, performance materials and technologies (PMT), and safety and productivity solutions (SPS).
Honeywell is a Fortune 100 company, ranked 94th in 2021. The corporation in 2020 had a global workforce of approximately 103,000 employees, down from 113,000 in 2019. The current chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) is Darius Adamczyk.
The corporation's current name, Honeywell International Inc., is a product of the merger of Honeywell Inc. and AlliedSignal in 1999. The corporation headquarters were consolidated with AlliedSignal's headquarters in Morristown, New Jersey; however, the combined company chose the name 'Honeywell' because of the considerable brand recognition.[8] Honeywell was a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average index from 1999 to 2008. Prior to 1999, its corporate predecessors were included dating back to 1925, including early entrants in the computing and thermostat industries.

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Sales Manager-Consumer Durables-Sales

Sales Manager-Consumer Durables-Sales

Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited
2-3 years
Not Specified

Job Description

Job Role:

Achieve consumer durable and similar products new car finance volume and other cross sell products target by managing various relationships assigned, including, authorized dealers of various types which may include Large format stores.
Recruit and train sales team for sourcing business dealer counters.
Development of team of DST and deploy them to achieve the business & cross Sell goals of individual & team.
To Increase distribution, identifying gaps and identifying growth opportunities, gaps in distribution, team, processes.
Generating revenue through cross sell of company products.
Identify and develop new relationships/dealers for generating business.
Supervise and guide sales team assigned managing dealer relationships

Job Requirements:

Qualification - MBA and/or Professional Degree preferred

. Job Knowledge and experience -
.Should have at least 2-3 years of experience in sales management
.Excellent written and oral communication skills
.Passion to achieve and grow with the Organization.
.Relationship Management Skill

Job Details

Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited is an Indian banking and financial services company headquartered in Mumbai. It offers banking products and financial services for corporate and retail customers in the areas of personal finance, investment banking, life insurance, and wealth management. It is India's third largest private sector bank by assets and by market capitalisation as of November 2021. As of February 2021, the bank has 1600 branches and 2519 ATMs.

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Balance Program

Balance Program

The balance program is designed for individuals with difficulty maintaining a stable and upright positions when standing, walking, and even sitting. The physical therapist will perform an assessment to develop an individualized program to improve your strength, stability, and mobility.

  • Reduce Fall Risk

  • Reduce Fear of Falling

  • Improve Mobility & Movement

  • Improve Balance

  • Improve Strength & Endurance

  • Improve Flexibility & Posture

  • Increase Activity Levels

Who Can Benefit:

1. Do you have a history of falling recently or have fallen at least twice for the last 3mos?

2. Do you avoid moving because of fear of falling?

3. Do you want to prevent falls and avoid injuries?

4. Do you avoid standing or walking for long periods because of feeling tired or short of breath?

5. Do you notice that you are having difficulty spending a quality time with the family gatherings or vacation?

6. Do you notice that you are having difficulty spending a quality time with the grand kids?

7. Do you want to stay active and want to work maintain or improve your strength and balance?

Program Description

Your physical therapist will evaluate your balance and walking to determine potential problems with strength and posture. Functional movement assessment to balance tests will be part of your assessment. An individualized treatment plan will be based on the evaluation. And a customized home exercise program will be given to you that you can safely do on your own time aside from the exercises that you will be working with your therapist during your follow up visits.


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Breaking News

  • President Barack Obama, standing with Vice President Joe Biden, delivers...

    President Barack Obama, standing with Vice President Joe Biden, delivers remarks Tuesday in the East Room of the White House in Washington after an Iran nuclear deal is reached. After 18 days of intense and often fractious negotiation, diplomats Tuesday declared that world powers and Iran had struck a landmark deal to curb Iran’s nuclear program in exchange for billions of dollars in relief from international sanctions. - Andrew Harnik — The Associated Press

  • This image made from video broadcast on Press TV, Iran’s...

    This image made from video broadcast on Press TV, Iran’s English language state-run channel, shows President Hassan Rouhani making a statement Tuesday following announcement of the Iran nuclear deal in Tehran. Rouhani says ‘a new chapter’ has begun in his country’s relations with the world. - Press TV via AP video

VIENNA >> Iran, the United States and other world powers struck a historic deal Tuesday to curb Iranian nuclear programs in an agreement aimed at easing the threat of a nuclear-armed Iran in the volatile Middle East. In exchange, Iran will get billions of dollars in relief from crushing international sanctions.

The accord, reached after long, fractious negotiations, marks a dramatic break from decades of animosity between the United States and Iran, countries that have called each other the “leading state sponsor of terrorism” and “the Great Satan.”

“This deal offers an opportunity to move in a new direction,” President Barack Obama declared at the White House in remarks that were carried live on Iranian state television. “We should seize it.”

In Tehran, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani said “a new chapter” had begun in his nation’s relations with the world. He maintained that Iran had never sought to build a bomb, an assertion the U.S. and its partners have long disputed.

Beyond the hopeful proclamations from the U.S., Iran and other parties to the talks, there is deep skepticism of the deal among U.S. lawmakers and Iranian hardliners. Obama’s most pressing task will be holding off efforts by Congress to levy new sanctions on Iran or block his ability to suspend existing ones.

House Speaker John Boehner, R-Ohio, predicted the deal would embolden Iran and fuel a nuclear arms race around the world. It will be difficult for congressional Republicans to stop Obama, however, because of his power to veto legislation.

Israel, which sees Iran as a threat to its existence, strongly opposes leaving the Islamic republic with its nuclear infrastructure in place. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who has furiously lobbied against a deal, called the agreement a “stunning historic mistake.”

Economic effects could be substantial for both Iran and the world.

In trading Tuesday, benchmark U.S. crude oil prices were down. Iran is an OPEC member, but its oil production has been affected for years by sanctions over its nuclear program. Any easing of the sanctions could see Iran sell more oil, which could bring down crude prices.

Iran also stands to receive more than $100 billion in assets that have been frozen overseas and an end to various financial restrictions on Iranian banks.

The nearly 100-page accord announced Tuesday aims to keep Iran from producing enough material for an atomic weapon for at least 10 years and imposes new provisions for inspections of Iranian facilities, including military sites.

With Obama’s final term ending in January 2017, the long-term agreement is sure to be a hot topic for the many candidates vying to take his place.

Democrat Hillary Rodham Clinton praised the deal and declared herself ready to enforce it “vigorously, relentlessly” as president. Republican Jeb Bush issued a denunciation, saying the deal only delays the danger and “over time it paves Iran’s path to a bomb.”

The deal was finalized after more than two weeks of furious diplomacy in Vienna. Negotiators blew through three self-imposed deadlines, with top American and Iranian diplomats both threatening at points to walk away from the talks.

Secretary of State John Kerry, who did most of the bargaining with Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif, said persistence paid off. “Believe me, had we been willing to settle for a lesser deal we would have finished this negotiation a long time ago,” he told reporters.

The breakthrough came after several key compromises.

Iran agreed to the continuation of a U.N. arms embargo on the country for up to five more years, though it could end earlier if the International Atomic Energy Agency definitively clears Iran of any current work on nuclear weapons. A similar condition was put on U.N. restrictions on the transfer of ballistic missile technology to Tehran, which could last for up to eight more years, according to diplomats.

Washington had sought to maintain the ban on Iran importing and exporting weapons, concerned that an Islamic Republic flush with cash from sanctions relief would expand its military assistance for Syrian President Bashar Assad’s government, Yemen’s Houthi rebels, the Lebanese militant group Hezbollah and other forces opposing America’s Mideast allies such as Saudi Arabia and Israel.

Iranian leaders, backed by Russia and China, insisted the embargo had to end as their forces combat regional scourges such as the Islamic State.

Another significant agreement will allow U.N. inspectors to press for visits to Iranian military sites as part of their monitoring duties, something the country’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, had long vowed to oppose. However, access isn’t guaranteed and could be delayed, a condition that critics of the deal are sure to seize on.

Under the accord, Tehran would have the right to challenge U.N requests, and an arbitration board composed of Iran and the six world powers would then decide on the issue. The IAEA also wants the access to complete its long-stymied investigation of past weapons work by Iran. The U.S. says Iranian cooperation is needed for all economic sanctions to be lifted.

IAEA chief Yukiya Amano said Tuesday his agency and Iran had signed a “roadmap” to resolve outstanding concerns, hopefully by mid-December.

The deal didn’t come together easily, as tempers flared and voices were raised during debates over several of the most contentious matters. The mood soured particularly last week after Iran dug in its heels on several points and Kerry threatened to abandon the effort, according to diplomats involved in the talks. They weren’t authorized to speak publicly on the private diplomacy and demanded anonymity.

But by Monday, the remaining gaps were bridged in a meeting that started with Kerry, European Union foreign policy chief Federica Mogherini, and Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov. Zarif later joined the meeting, and shortly thereafter, the ministers emerged and told aides they had an accord.

The deal comes after nearly a decade of international, intercontinental diplomacy that until recently was defined by failure. Breaks in the talks sometimes lasted for months, and Iran’s nascent nuclear program expanded into one that Western intelligence agencies saw as only a couple of months away from weapons capacity. The U.S. and Israel both threatened possible military responses.

The United States joined the negotiations in 2008, and U.S. and Iranian officials met together secretly four years later in Oman to see if diplomatic progress was possible. But the process remained essentially stalemated until summer 2013, when Rouhani was elected president and declared his country ready for serious compromise.

A telephone conversation between Rouhani and Obama marked the two countries’ highest diplomatic exchange since Iran’s 1979 Islamic Revolution and the ensuing hostage crisis at the American embassy in Tehran.

Associated Press writers Bradley Klapper and Julie Pace in Washington contributed to this report.

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Review: Beenzino’s ‘Up All Night’ EP Will Have You Up All Night Jamming

By: Hannah Waitt
moonROK Found and Editor-in-chief

This week’s album review is Beezino’s new EP, Up All Night. With his NYC concert coming up, we here at moonROK thought that it was an appropriate choice of review. Check out our review of Up All Night below to get ready for the Illionaire Concert in NYC!

1. Jackson Pollock D*ck

With an Elvis Costello-esque guitar driving the song and a beach-ready drumkit beat, “Jackson Pollick D*ck,” is a chill summer jam that is perfect for hanging poolside with your friends. For those unfamiliar with his work, Beenzino is no stranger to referencing visual artists in his work; in fact, his last single was titled “Dali, Van, Picasso.” The rapper’s allusion this time around is a bit more obscene. The first track on the album is absolutely about one thing: sex. Jackson Pollock was an American artist who was famous for splatter painting, so when Beenzino says, “In my bed let me paint you like how Jackson Pollock did,” well…you get the idea. The reference is a bit crude and quite cheeky, but the song itself is so catchy that it’s almost easy to ignore the lewd imagery of splatter painting. “Jackson Pollock D*ck” is a solid track with which to introduce listeners to the album and does a good job of reinforcing Beenzino’s unique sound that he has crafted for himself over the years.

2. How Do I Look?

If “Jackson Pollock D*ck” is for listening at the beach or poolside, “How Do I Look” is the song that you listen to on the way to the beach at full blast with the windows down. With a certain carefree air to it, “How Do I Look,” is smooth, fluid, and breezy; in short, it’s perfect for the summer. It’s also a song that inherently makes you feel good about yourself as you sing along to the lyrics, “How do I look? (always) Lookin’ fly (all day)” and the repeated line “Swag twenty-four-seven.” With Copacabana triangle accents and a clean, funky guitar riff plucking in the background, “How Do I Look,” has chill vibes that seamlessly carries the album along from “Jackson Pollock D*ck” and into “Crazy.”

3. Crazy

“Crazy” is a much more hardcore tune than the first two songs on the album. With a hardcore beat that drops heavily along with the synth into the chorus, “Crazy” is difficult not to bob your head to. The song is similar in feel to Beenzino’s “Profile” featuring Dok2 and The Quiett from his last album 24:26. In fact, the beat used in this song – for me, anyways – is very much representative of Illionaire Records. “Crazy” makes Beenzino immediately identifiable as an Illionaire artist, which is a good thing. In the same way that Motown Records or Def Jam Recordings or any great record label does, Illionaire Records has established a roster of diverse artists that each create unique music, but maintain a link to a certain root sound that gives the label and its artists a team identity. On this EP, “Crazy” is that identifier.

4. Up All Night (feat. Mayson the Soul)

“Up All Night” is surprising in a lot of ways. First of all, the fact that the title song is for all effects and purposes the last song of the album is a bit strange – more often than not title songs come first (or second if there’s an introductory track) on the album. However, Beenzino pulls it off well; putting “Up All Night” as the last track on the EP builds the suspense as to what the title track will sound like after taking you through a diverse set of the first three songs on the album. The other thing that is surprising about “Up All Night” is the chorus. Unlike most rap/hip-hop songs, at the chorus the beat does not drop, but instead drops out. When Beenzino gets to the chorus you’re expecting for the 808 to blast, but instead, everything except for Beenzino’s voice and a piano drop out. From there, the chorus slowly crescendos into back into the verse. Beenzino seems to be doing things backwards from their usual order on this album, and I find it intriguing. I don’t think that “Up All Night” is the best song on the album, but it’s certainly the most anthem-like. With the vocal help of Mayson the Soul, the chorus is easy to sing along to and feels more like a lighters-in-the-air kind of song than the others on the EP.

5. I Don’t Have To Work

This track is just a dope beat. Literally, that’s all it is: a beat. Beenzino doesn’t rap on it at all, which is why (in my theory) it is cheekily titled, “I Don’t Have To Work.” It is not uncommon for rap and hip-hop artists to end their albums and EPs this way – it’s what you might call “exit music.” It’s an awesome track, but other than that, there really isn’t much to say about it since Beenzino doesn’t “work” on it. It’s a solid end to the album: with the crowd cheering in the back and it’s midtempo back-and-forth between a simple acoustic cowbell-driven beat and an electric synth beat accented by horns, the song almost feels like something you would hear while the credits are rolling after a movie.

Overall, this is a solid EP from Beenzino. 24:26 was a real breakout album for him, and those are always hard to follow up, but I think he did a good job with this EP. His style is consistent, his lyrics are great, and his songs are catchy. Up All Night is a strong EP from Beenzino and in the end helps to further solidify him as one of the best rappers in Korean hip-hop.

All visual and audio media courtesy of Illionaire Records
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North America Warehouse Robotics Market - Growth, Trends, Forecasts (2022 - 2027)

North America Warehouse Robotics Market is Segmented by Type (Industrial Robots, Sortation Systems, Conveyors, Palletizers, Automated Storage and Retrieval System, Mobile Robots), Function(Storage, Packaging, Trans-Shipments, other functions) End-User(Food and Beverage, Automotive, Retail, Electrical and Electronics, other end-users), Country

Market Snapshot

NA Warehouse Robotics Market
Study Period: 2020-2025
Base Year: 2021
CAGR: 11.2 %

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Market Overview

The North American warehouse robotics market is expected to reach a CAGR of 11.2%, during the period of 2020-2025. The emergence of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and the advent of a network of connected systems are helping industries perform a multitude of tasks, such as material batching, picking, ordering, packaging, warehouse security, and inspection, as well as improve the operational efficiency by huge margins.

  • Significant technological advancements, such as sensors technologies which enable an enhanced object perception and an accurate positioning system, have made way for the robotics industry to explore the untapped potential in various warehousing applications, while attaining an optimal operational flow and logistics efficiency, among other accomplishments, across the different industry verticals.
  • According to the British Government’s Health and Safety Statistics, in 2015, the rate of fatal injuries at work in Great Britain was 0.46 fatalities per 100,000 workers with over 144 worker deaths, compared to 142 fatal deaths in 2014. The numbers are comparable to the United States at 3.4 per 100,000 which has a higher fatality ratio. The percentage of employees taking time off from work due to workplace injuries is also one of the factors concerning the companies. Labor time off and medical expenses increase the costs of the companies, thus affecting the total expenditure. According to Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA), It has been estimated that companies around the world spend around USD 1 billion per week as compensation for workplace injuries. Thus, the need for providing safer workplaces is the primary focus in industries.
  • Furthermore, various food distribution companies are embracing the automatic storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS). According to Dematic, a supplier of integrated automated technology, software, and services in the United States, more than 50% of its food distribution customers are adopting AS/RS to existing buildings.
  • The outbreak of Coronavirus and the lockdown across the world have affected the warehousing and industrial activities, especially in countries, such as the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and Israel, which manufacture a significant portion of the warehouse robots, such as Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (AS/RS), Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs), Automated Guided Carts (AGCs), Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs), and others, such a Articulated Robotic Arms and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles.

Scope of the report

Warehouse robotics refers to the usage of automated robots and specialized software that is used in the transportation of materials, performing various tasks, and streamlining or automating the whole warehouse processes. In recent years, robotics has gained significant importance in supply chain, distribution center, and warehouse management circles and continues to play a significant role in warehouse automation. The market is segmented based on type, function, end user, and Country.

Industrial Robots
Sortation Systems
Automated Storage and Retrieval System (ASRS)
Mobile Robots (AGVs and AMRs)
Plastic Bottles
Other Functions
End User
Food and Beverage
Electrical and Electronics
Other End Users
United States

Report scope can be customized per your requirements. Click here.

Key Market Trends

Growth of E-commerce in Developing Countries

  • E-commerce is growing at a very fast rate from the last few years. Many companies have moved from physical retail to online to better cater to consumer requirements. Many of the large companies have bet big on the technology, to provide reliable consumer service. North American region has been pioneers in online retail and have established markets with large players.
  • E-commerce penetration amounts to 62% in Tier 3 and 4 cities and 89% in Tier 1 and 2 cities. The online consumers count in Tier 3 and 4 cities is around 257 million, which is larger than that most of the countries in the world. For example, Alibaba logistics arm itself owns 180,000 express delivery stations in China. In addition the specific sale days in festive season requires them for scale up and down thus driving the demand for solutions that have the flexibility to volume changes in material handling.
  • The relentless march of e-commerce is continuously putting tremendous strain on distribution and fulfillment operations. The online retail sales reached 8% of total retail spending in 2018, as compared to 7.4% in 2016. Moreover, the digital buyer penetration worldwide increased from 42.7% in 2014 to 47.3% in 2018, according to Invesp.
  • This has led to an increasing pressure on supply chain activities. According to a recent survey conducted by Honeywell Intelligrated, of the 171 US-based material-handling executives, 35% of executives found that fulfilling more orders (faster and at lower costs) was their primary challenge. While their secondary concern was to reduce errors in order processing/improving order accuracy and obtain enough labor to support operations.
  • Furthermore, more convenient cross-border payments methods like UniPay and PayPal have also boosted the transactions on the e-commerce platforms. With such reliable and convenient cross border transactions and boom of e-commerce, consumers have reduced their patronage to brick and mortarstores for shopping. This is resulting in the expansion of online retail market and companies are thus investing heavily to improve the technology. With logistics playing major part in online retail, warehouse and delivery stations are one of the crucial points in the e-commerce segment.
Picture 88.png

United States is Expected to Witness Significant Growth

  • Growth in e-commerce is the primary reason for the increasing application of robots in warehouse and distribution centers in the United States, in addition to advancements in technology that have made robots better and smaller, lower costs, and a shortage of labor in some places.
  • The country is witnessing the decline of middle-skill occupations, like manufacturing and production jobs, and the growth in both high and low-skill occupations, like managerial jobs on one end and jobs that assist or care for others. This is now popularly know as job polarization, which is driving the adoption of automation of various repetitive, manual, and low skill tasks.
  • Also, the major companies with many warehouses and distribution units are utilizing acquisition strategies to reduce the labor cost and increase their profitability. For instance, Amazon, the giant retail, spent USD 775 million in 2012 to acquire a young robotics company called Kiva Systems that gave it ownership over a new breed of mobile robots. This investment gave a technical foundation on which it has to build new versions of warehouse robotics, setting the stage for a potential future of the robots.
  • In another instance, till 2020, Amazon has installed more than 200,000 mobile robots that work inside its warehouse network, alongside hundreds of thousands of human workers in the United States. This robot army has helped the company fulfill its ever-increasing promises of speedy deliveries to Amazon Prime customers.
  • Furtheremore, according to the International Federation of Robotics, sales of robots in the United States had hit a new peak of almost 38,000 units and set a record for the eighth year in a row from 2010 to 2018. Robot density in the US manufacturing industry is more than double that of China and ranks seventh worldwide. The trend to automate production in both the domestic and global markets is the main driving force of robot installations in the United States. The general industry sector, particularly the food and beverage industry (+64%) and the plastic and chemical products industry (+30%), had the highest growth.
Picture 66.png

Competitive Landscape

The warehouse robotics market is moderately fragmented and consists of highly competitive players. In terms of market share, few of the major players such as Honeywell, and Kiva Systems(Amazon Robotics LLC) currently dominate the market. These major players with a significant share in the market are expanding their customer base across various regions and many companies are forming strategic and collaborative initiatives with various start-up companies to increase their market share and their profitability.

  • September 2019 - Honeywell announced the signing of an agreement with the retail supply chain services provider. The Apparel Logistics Group to help the company to expand the e-commerce order output at its distribution center in Dallas. Under this agreement, Honeywell Intelligrated plans to provide automated material handling solutions to The Apparel Logistics Group, a provider of third-party logistics and order fulfillment services for apparel, footwear, and accessories.
  • January 2020- Amazon announced the construction of a dedicated research and development center for its robotics business. The USD 40 million robotics hub will be located in Westborough, Massachusetts, covering 350,000 sq ft, and is scheduled to open by 2021

Table of Contents

    1. 1.1 Study Assumptions and Market Definition

    2. 1.2 Scope of the Study

  4. 4. Market Dynamics

    1. 4.1 Market Overview

    2. 4.2 Industry Attractiveness - Porter's Five Industry Forces Analysis

      1. 4.2.1 Threat of New Entrants

      2. 4.2.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers

      3. 4.2.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers

      4. 4.2.4 Threat of Substitutes

      5. 4.2.5 Intensity of Competitive Rivalry Competitors

    3. 4.3 Industry Value Chain Analysis

    4. 4.4 Impact of COVID-19 on the industry

    5. 4.5 Market Drivers

      1. 4.5.1 Increasing Number of SKUs

      2. 4.5.2 Growth of E-commerce in Developing Countries

    6. 4.6 Market Challenges

      1. 4.6.1 Stringent Regulatory Requirements

      2. 4.6.2 Hight Cost

  5. 5. Market Segmentation

    1. 5.1 Type

      1. 5.1.1 Industrial Robots

      2. 5.1.2 Sortation Systems

      3. 5.1.3 Conveyors

      4. 5.1.4 Palletizers

      5. 5.1.5 Automated Storage and Retrieval System (ASRS)

      6. 5.1.6 Mobile Robots (AGVs and AMRs)

    2. 5.2 Function

      1. 5.2.1 Storage

      2. 5.2.2 Plastic Bottles

      3. 5.2.3 Packaging

      4. 5.2.4 Trans-shipments

      5. 5.2.5 Other Functions

    3. 5.3 End User

      1. 5.3.1 Food and Beverage

      2. 5.3.2 Automotive

      3. 5.3.3 Retail

      4. 5.3.4 Electrical and Electronics

      5. 5.3.5 Pharmaceutical

      6. 5.3.6 Other End Users

    4. 5.4 Country

      1. 5.4.1 United States

      2. 5.4.2 Canada

    1. 6.1 Company Profiles

      1. 6.1.1 Honeywell International Inc.

      2. 6.1.2 Omron Adept Technologies

      3. 6.1.3 Kiva Systems (Amazon Robotics LLC)

      4. 6.1.4 InVia Robotics Inc.

      5. 6.1.5 Locus Robotics

      6. 6.1.6 Fetch Robotics Inc.

    2. *List Not Exhaustive

**Subject to Availability

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Frequently Asked Questions

The NA Warehouse Robotics Market market is studied from 2020 - 2025.

The NA Warehouse Robotics Market is growing at a CAGR of 11.2% over the next 5 years.

Honeywell International Inc., Omron Adept Technologies, Kiva Systems (Amazon Robotics LLC), InVia Robotics Inc., Locus Robotics are the major companies operating in NA Warehouse Robotics Market.

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Business Opinion

By with The PMA Team

- Last updated on GMT

Related tags: Private equity, Investment, Tim martin

Martin's private equity swipe is too general JD Wetherspoon (JDW) founder Tim Martin's comments on celebrity binge-drinking grabbed all the headlines...

Martin's private equity swipe is too general

JD Wetherspoon (JDW) founder Tim Martin's comments on celebrity binge-drinking grabbed all the headlines last week. But just as interesting were his comments on the negative effect of private equity ownership (and influence) on pubcos. His condemnation was fairly wide-ranging - and, to my mind, unfair on several points. He told me that he thought the Robert Tchenguiz-backed plan to sell off Mitchells & Butlers (M&B) freeholds was "completely ridiculous". His views, albeit expressed in more moderate language, were shared by a significant number of the City's senior and best-respected leisure-sector analysts. There's no doubt the plan was a radical departure from the business model that has served M&B so well since demerger - and the medium-term result of stripping out of its freeholds is to leave an operating company with a far-from-certain future. So far, so good.

Martin wanted the Financial Times to look at the performance of Laurel Pub Company to see if Tchenguiz's big idea passed muster. News emerging from Laurel Pub Company will have confirmed to many that stripping out freehold assets has weakened the company as it struggles with a relentlessly upward rent roll.

Even Martin agrees that, in Laurel's case, Robert Tchenguiz may "have taken a hospital pass". The vast majority of Laurel was leasehold in the first place. Its plan to go into a "controlled administration" results from buying too many dud leaseholds. Laurel is doing JDW an expensive favour by trimming high-street capacity. The company has 42 Yates's sites on the market - if they sell, they become unbranded. Yates's has often been JDW's closest competitor in price terms.

Tchenguiz is investing heavily to revive Laurel's best high-street brand, Slug & Lettuce. This is where Martin's criticism is particularly hard to understand. He claimed heavy investment by private equity tended to cause sales to flare up before a sale, with sales levels unsustainable long term. This, he argued, caused instability. It seems strange to blame private equity and venture capitalists alone for this. High-street history is all about quoted public companies over-investing in opening high-street sites, without proper brand differentiation. A decade ago, we saw withdrawal of major brewers from untenable high-street positions. Now, JDW stands to gain as Laurel and others shake loose poorer sites opened by, supposedly, nimble-footed specialists such as SFI Group and Yates's.

Which other companies might Martin be talking about? Let's exclude Barracuda Group because this company has focused on organic growth from a small base - and has been around a long time. Alchemy Partners doesn't really fit the bill. Its Inventive Leisure has a well-positioned, differentiated offer making steady organic progress. The Tattershall Castle Group business seems to have made slow progress - and, if anything, needs faster investment. Orchid Group might be a candidate for Martin's opprobrium. It's spending more than £50m converting around 290 sites and rolling out new trading formats at a speed that many, who prefer to test until destruction, find startling. Equally, success will depend on whether its ideas stay the course - and, goodness knows, these sites needed investment. Private equity investment is, essentially, no different to that made by quoted companies.

In retrospect, investment in managed pubs by a host of public companies has produced variable results leading to variable share performance. Private equity is putting its money where its mouth is. Many pension-fund members will have their future returns dependent on the quality of these investment decisions. When it comes time for GI Partners to sell its Orchid investment, it will be a case, as always, of caveat emptor. This is predominantly an estate of good quality freeholds.

Martin's strongest point seems to be the merits of sale-and-

leaseback. Spirit's former private equity owners were guilty of some of the raciest the sector has seen - and several companies now live with the consequences. But sale-and-leaseback is also a feature of the quoted arena - Regent Inns is currently involved in raising cash from its freeholds in this fashion.

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Suffolk Punch Horse: British Draft Horse Breed

Learn about the British draft horse breed, its physical strength and the farm capabilities of the Suffolk punch horse bred for work on the farm.

article image
by Kenneth Garrett Woodfin Camp & Assoc.
"To work all day with a well-broken and willing team is a pleasure as well as a job."—Wendell Berry

Learn about the British draft horse breed, its physical strength and the farm capabilities of the Suffolk punch horse bred for work on the farm.

Suffolk Punch Horse Farming

“Come up, gentlemen,” says Jason Rutledge. The two red draft horses heave forward into their collars. The field cultivator–called a rear-end wiggler–lurches into motion.

Rutledge proceeds into the cornfield, drawn unerringly down the rows by two Suffolk Punch geldings. As each tautly muscled leg moves and plants a round hoof in the soil, it presses 1,600 pounds into the ground. A prodigiously powerful step, but delicate as these things are measured.

Rutledge holds the reins firm. “You’ve gotta stay in touch with a draft horse all the time,” he says, and they move quietly through the cornfield while Rutledge tells them how well they’re doing. Three thousand feet up on Copper Hill in the mountains south of Roanoke, Virginia, where he lives with his wife. Sally, and two youngsters, Rutledge “orders up” all of his 76 acres with these chestnut horses. It is quiet on the mountain, and the team, plodding through the cornfield, evokes idyllic memories, old photographs, times gone by.

But Rutledge will have none of that.

“I don’t want to give the impression that I’m a complete eccentric,” he says as the draft horses stop for a breather. “These animals have a place on the modern farm. Look down there.”

Between the rows of corn the soil is soft, loose, moist. “Practically no soil compaction,” Rutledge says and, satisfied he’s made a point, sets off again behind the team.

An intense, muscular man of 36, Rutledge talks eloquently and often about the place of the draft horse on the farm today, especially the place of this particular kind of horse–the Suffolk Punch. Today he is one of the major breeders of this rarest of workhorses–there are fewer than 400 in the U.S., with another 200-odd in England. He owns more than 20, including a stallion and 12 brood mares. He points out that they’re the only workhorses specifically bred for the farm. All the others derive from animals bred for military work–hauling knights in armor and, later, cannons.

Rutledge himself was in the military, the Navy, when he saw his first Suffolk. He was in England and saw a little boy leading a huge chestnut workhorse along a country road. Years later, he recalled the sight and felt driven to find out more about that powerful but docile horse.

What the sailor saw was a descendant of Crisp’s horse of Ufford, a stallion foaled in 1768 and the foundation horse of the breed, making Suffolks among the oldest known breeds of heavy horses–certainly the breed with the oldest continuous studbook. They arose to fill the needs of farmers in the then remote area of England comprising Suffolk and Norwich counties, a region bordered on three sides by the North Sea and on the fourth by a boggy region called the Fens. For many years, there were practically no sales of the horses outside the area, so the breed remained pure–and relatively unknown.

What kind of draft horse did frugal English yeomen breed to take on the rigorous task of plowing their heavy, clay soil? For one thing, they look different, even to the untrained eye. They run true to color. They are all chestnut. The official association for these animals won’t register one that isn’t within some seven hues of chestnut, from gold to liver, or one that has any other color on it (except a small white blaze or star or a splash of white on the ankles or fetlocks). Compared to the Percherons and Clydesdales you’ve seen hauling beer wagons, these horses are smaller and rounder (hence the British word punch ). In a sense, they look friendlier.

An expert notices that they seem short of back and short of leg, with especially heavily muscled forearms and thighs. The shoulders are upright–positioned for power, not speed. Also, the forearms and thighs are comparatively longer than those of other workhorses. As a result, to extend their legs forward, Suffolks need to lift them two and a half to three degrees of angle less than another horse, a modification that promotes power and movement with less action. These are horses that aren’t likely to get stuck in the mud. Too, their coats are smooth down to the hooves: no long hair near the ground to collect mud and dirt. A special advantage is that, being smaller, they eat considerably less than other breeds of heavy horses.

It was 1978 when Jason Rutledge and his wife. Sally, dreamed their “Suffolk dream” and bought a few mares from “the killer man,” at the ominous place where horses stop off before becoming horse meat. One of the mares turned out to be pregnant, and two years later Jason and Sally found an Amish man who traded them a stallion for the colt.

Rutledge was born to farms and farming–he learned land lessons from his “grampaw,” known as Uncle Willie and now in his 80s. “Farming’s made up the majority of my income for 15 years,” Rutledge says. “Hay’s one of my main crops … cabbage, tobacco. Got a little orchard, apples and some peaches.” And, he adds, “I breed and sell Suffolks.” He gets around $2,500 for what he calls an average purebred, but in truth, he says, “I’ll take all the traffic will bear.”

How powerful are the relatively small Suffolks? Rutledge takes some of his horses to pulling matches around Virginia and the surrounding states. Weighing in at about 1,600 pounds, they tend to be above the cutoff point (which is exactly 1,600 pounds), so they usually have to compete with the much larger heavyweights. So far, Rutledge’s horses have not won in that class, but one of his teams has come in second, hauling 7,000 pounds of dead weight the required 26-1/2 feet in the required time, only a few hundred pounds behind the winners.

Rutledge goes to the contests to make the breed better known. Suffolks almost disappeared in the 1950s when mechanized equipment virtually wiped workhorses off the farm altogether. Also, he confesses, those contests are “my kind of hot-rodding. You get those animals pulling 7,000 pounds, screeching along the ground … that’s a power trip.”

Is it bad for the horses? “It can be, if you overdo it,” says Rutledge. “Or if you don’t have the right equipment.” Each of his horses has its own collar, painstakingly fitted to produce the least friction on the animal’s neck and shoulders–the same collar for pulling or farm work. No antiquarian, he uses specially designed nylon and leather harnesses. “Leather for where you need the harness to have a memory; nylon for give and strength.” The nylon stretches, relieving the sudden shock in pulling, and it lasts longer.

Once, a woman came up to Rutledge to scold him for mistreating his horses by entering them in a pulling contest. Feisty as ever, he put his fingers in a circle on the horse’s haunch. “See that?” he asked. “That’s about the size of an Alpo dog food can. That’s where this horse would be if he weren’t out here. Do you suppose he’d rather be out here pulling and entertaining people or in the Alpo can?” Rutledge has pulled out of contests when he thought the conditions were wrong. “I don’t ever want to hurt these animals.” One of his Suffolks, obtained from another breeder, has a bobbed tail, a cosmetic custom that evidently makes the horses haunches look larger and more powerful. “That’s just plain stupid cruelty,” he explains in anger. “That’s the end of their spinal column those (bleep) people cut off.”

Rutledge speaks often of natural law, of every natural thing having a purpose, but has few good words to say about flies; he knows a horse without a tail suffers worse from them. He points upward to some turkey vultures circling an adjoining pasture. “See them? They eat carrion, clean up the place, sure, but did you know that anthrax bacillus can’t make it through their digestive system? Everything has its role.”

Weeds are a case in point. “You can’t get rid of them, you can only control them.” And because horses create the least amount of soil compaction, they are, to Rutledge, the best way to mechanically control weeds. Indeed, horses are a crucial aspect of all of those parts of the cycle that involve the central resource, topsoil. And Rutledge is a topsoil freak–for the very good reason that there isn’t much of it on Copper Hill. Traditional moldboard plows are anathema, but the relatively gentle effects of cultivating fields with horses preserve topsoil against erosion.

It takes about 50 years to create an inch of topsoil, he points out, and weeds themselves play an important role–if the farmer adapts to their cycles. In the first place, some–like morning-glory and ragweed–are actually good for corn. But they also demand crop rotation. The first year, Rutledge says, after a field is freshly tilled from sod, you can get away with one cultivation. The second year you need to cultivate twice; the third, three times. Then the handwriting is on the wall. Let it go fallow. “Those weeds will grow up and down, and their roots will help bring nutrients up to the topsoil.” And in the natural course of crop rotation, planting a field to pasture not only helps the land, but it grows the fuel needed for the horses.

Meanwhile, the horses are producing manure. “Manure isn’t good for anything until you compost it. Then you’ve really got something.” And once you reintroduce the workhorse into the equation, you are into a different kind of agricultural economics altogether. It’s nearly impossible to assign certain costs of horses to any traditional (or recently traditional) category of farm economics. Take manure. Once you have the horses in the barn, Rutledge says, you’ve got to get the manure out of there. Is that a health-maintenance cost (like keeping a tractor greased)? When you take it out to the field, is that a transportation cost (the horses are going out there anyway)? And once it’s spread on the field, is that a fertilization cost or a waste disposal cost or what? A horse is no perpetual motion machine, of course, and it may be more labor intensive. But if it does a significantly better job, Rutledge says, it pays for itself.

He’s the first to point out a horse’s limits. “For heavy tillage, a tractor is more efficient. But for most of the rest, on a small farm, horses will do the work and add value to the land. That’s what I call appropriate technology.” They become most efficient in extreme situations–and Rutledge shares the biblical wisdom of all farmers that an extreme is always around the corner. In times of drought or in times of heavy rains, the horse is at its very best, even for the occasional odd job. Rutledge speaks self-deprecatingly about the time he got a truck seriously mired thanks to a lapse in attention. The tractor was useless in the deep mud, but one of his Suffolks hauled the truck onto dry ground in minutes.

Furthermore, he points out, “you can use a horse on any land where it can stand up. A horse does fine on land that’s got over a 12% slope. Use a tractor there and you can end up field pizza.” Toward the end of a day, Rutledge hitches up a team of two-year-olds to a large wooden sled he built. “These boys don’t know nuthin’,” he says. “They’re the equivalent of two 15-year-old kids.”

Nevertheless, under Rutledge’s guidance, they proceed with what could pass for horse wisdom along the edge of a field. Grinning, Rutledge scoops something up from the ground and holds it up. It’s a wren’s nest, made in part with chestnut colored hair. “See, it’s a rare Suffolkbird nest.”

Further along, beside a forested slope, are a dozen mammoth logs. “Sally counted the rings on that big oak. It’s 158 years old. These boys hauled it out of there–up the slope–without any trouble.” He stops to examine the slightly disturbed ground where the logs had been pulled out of the forest. “Horses are best for selective logging,” he says, and indeed they are still widely used for that purpose. “Logging roads and big skidders just wreck the forest, especially in hilly country.”

Thunderclouds begin to unfurl in the west, and the sun drops down. On the way back to the barn, Rutledge stops the horses every few yards and hops off the sled to collect the quartz rocks that dot the pasture.

As he tosses the large rocks on the sled, he summarizes his case for the workhorse. “They create fertilizer, not pollution. When you use horses, you get to keep what you made. You grow your own fuel. And a horse appreciates in value. They get better each year for nine years, then they level off till they’re about 12. That’s a lot different from a tractor. Soon as you get a tractor out of the sales room, you’ve lost money. And you don’t ever get up in the morning and go into the barn and find a little baby tractor there, do you?”

He pauses and leans one elbow on a chestnut haunch. The sky begins to sprinkle lightly.

“These horses,” he says. “They can be part of the job of stewardship. They’ll leave this land better off than when I came here. We don’t need any more mining of the soil. And they’re one way of getting back to an old idea. It’s called independence.”

Back on the sled, Jason Rutledge and his young team set off toward the barn. He tells them what a good job they’ve done, and a visitor realizes another benefit Rutledge derives from his horses. Out in the fields, working in the quiet of his mountaintop– “playing with his horses,” as his wife cheerfully puts it–he is never alone during the long day of the farmer.

The Draft Horse: The Farmer’s Friend

The Suffolk is the only draft horse bred for farm work.
1. It has a docile temperament and a great willingness to work.
2. The short back and legs give the horse a good build for pulling.
3. Shoulders are upright–positioned for power, not speed.
4. Forearm and thigh muscles are especially long and strong.
5. An efficient keeper, it does more work on less feed.
6. The smooth coat on the legs doesn’t collect dirt and mud.

Originally published as “The Suffolk Punch” July/August 1987 MOTHER EARTH NEWS.

Jake Page lives and writes in Waterford, Virginia. His latest project is a book about the Navajo, which will be published by Abrams.

  • Updated on Jun 8, 2022
  • Originally Published on Jul 1, 1987
Tagged with: Draft Horse, horse breeder, horses, suffolk


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How to Build a Raised Bed Garden

Use these step-by-step instructions to construct an attractive garden box with an attached bench, perfect for vegetables, herbs, or cut flowers.

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by Joe Dodd

Garden beds can make any yard come alive. The best part about having a raised bed is that it looks attractive even in the offseason, because it defines and organizes the space in the yard. A simple U-shaped bed offers maximum growing space with all-around access. Adding a little bench to the cap can really dress it up. This 8-by-9-foot U-shaped raised bed can be a focal piece or complement other features in the yard. Plan to hand-water unless you want to install an irrigation system.

Before You Build

Select your location. Pick a sunny area that’s fairly level and easy to get to. These instructions will create a garden box that fits a 9-by-9-foot space and is designed to be placed against a fence; you can adjust yours to be bigger or smaller depending on your area. However, don’t go smaller than 30 inches in width for the arms, as it will get too tight to plant two rows of veggies.

Select and cut your lumber. I used “merch” redwood, which is rough and imperfect, because it lowers the price significantly and works great for a rough, rustic veggie bed. Use raw redwood or cedar for planters. Never use pressure-treated lumber for a vegetable garden. With a miter saw, cut all your lumber to the specified dimensions above, or adjust for your own space.

Grade your site. Most sites will need some slight leveling to get an even building surface. You have two options: Dig out the high areas and transfer the soil to the low areas, or build up the entire space with 3/4-inch gravel. Compact it with a hand tamper, and use a rake to level it out.

Plant Palette

Tools and Materials

  • Measuring tape
  • Pencil
  • Miter saw or circular saw
  • 2- to 3-inch level
  • Shovel
  • Rake
  • Hand tamper
  • Impact driver or drill and socket bit
  • String line
  • Speed square
  • Stakes
  • Clamps
  • Hose with multispray nozzle
  • Finish nail gun (optional, if not using deck screws)
  • Three 10-foot-long 2-by-12-inch boards, cut into two 9-foot lengths and two 51-inch lengths
  • Two 8-foot-long 4-by-4-inch redwood posts, cut into eight 22-inch lengths
  • Eight 8-foot-long 2-by-12-inch boards, 4 cut into 5-1/2-foot and 2-1/2-foot lengths, and 4 left whole
  • Six 10-foot-long 2-by-4-inch boards, cut to length after main construction (for caps)
  • Two 8-foot-long 2-by-4-inch boards, miter-cut into twelve 15-inch lengths (for decorative diamond backdrop)
  • One 10-foot-long 2-by-6-inch board, cut into two 51-inch lengths (for bench)
  • 1/3 cubic yard of 3/4-inch gravel
  • Thirty-two 3-1/2-inch-by-3/8-inch lag bolts and washers
  • 3/8-inch drill bit
  • 3-1/2 cubic yards of garden soil
  • 1-pound box of 2-1/2-inch deck screws

Construct the Raised Bed

Make the building process smoother by pre-drilling your holes: Use a 3/8-inch drill bit to pre-drill your lumber before inserting screws, which will help prevent splitting and will guide your lag bolt (a heavy-duty screw ideal for securing thick lumber) into the lumber. Use a socket bit with an impact driver to secure the two pieces of lumber together with lag bolts and washers on each end.

1. Start with the back. Because we placed our planter against a fence, we assembled the long back pieces on the ground. To do this, take one 9-foot board and line up the bottom edge with the base of one of the 22-inch 4-by-4 posts. The 9-foot board should overhang the side of the post by 1-3/4 inches, or by the width of your lumber, as a side piece will butt against the overlap later. Drill holes for two lag bolts, centered on the 4-by-4 and about 2-1/2 inches in from the long edges of the 9-foot board. Use two 3-1/2-inch lag bolts and washers to attach the board and post together. Attach a second 9-foot board above the first in the same manner, and then attach a second 22-inch 4-by-4 post on the other side, remembering to create a 1-3/4-inch overlap on the end.

2. Add the sides. Prop up the back and make sure it’s sitting level. Secure a string line to one corner and pull the line so it’s perfectly perpendicular, using a speed square to check the angle. Secure the string line to another structure or tie it to a stake in the ground. Take one of the 8-foot boards and slide it into place against the outside of the back post, butting it against the overhanging edge of the back boards. Check the angle of the board against the string line, and secure it with lag bolts and washers as described above. Move the string line to the other back corner and repeat the process.

3. Attach the front posts. Use a clamp or an extra pair of hands to place another 4-by-4 post against the inside of one of the side pieces, aligning the end of the side board with the frontmost face of the post. Clamps are great if you need to force a warped board into place. Use a level to verify that you’re building straight up, and then attach the side board to the post with lag bolts and washers.

4. Construct the inner sides. Attach one of the 5-1/2-foot boards to a 4-by-4 post, again aligning the end of the board to the face of the post. Repeat with another 5-1/2-foot board and 4-by-4 post.

5. Attach the front boards. Stand one of the inner side pieces so that the end with the post attached is at the front of the raised bed, with the post on the inside of a leg of the U. Use clamps or extra hands to place a 2-1/2-foot board against the front of the outer and inner side pieces, aligning the ends of the board with the outermost sides of the side boards (the side board ends should now butt against the front board). Use a level and a speed square to check that both corners are square and upright before drilling and attaching the front piece with lag bolts and washers. Repeat on the other leg of the U. You’ll still be missing the final piece to complete the box; leave it aside for the moment.

6. Add the top boards. Slide in the second set of 9-foot side pieces, pre-drill, and secure with lag bolts and washers. The tops of these boards will sit a few inches taller than the 4-by-4 posts, so you can cover the tops of the posts with soil to hide them. Continue adding boards around the box, following the order of the initial construction.

7. Finish the box. Attach the remaining 4-by-4 posts flush against the ends of the inner side boards, on facing sides. Then, attach the 51-inch 2-by-12 boards to the 4-by-4 posts, closing the box with the final pair of posts on the outside of the enclosed U-shape.

8. Add gravel and dirt. Add a 2-inch layer of gravel to the bottom to help with drainage. Then, fill the box with 3-1/2 cubic yards of garden soil. While you can buy enough bagged soil to fill this raised bed, it will be much less expensive – and much less work – to get it delivered in bulk from a landscape supply store. Use a hose to mist the soil after every few inches of fill to settle it and make it moist for your new plants, and use a rake to spread the soil around. Continue until the container is filled to about 2 inches below the lip and the soil just covers the 4-by-4 inside posts.

9. Add the bench seat. Secure the two 51-inch 2-by-6 boards on the inside of the U-shape, spacing them 1/2 inch apart to create a bench.

10. Add the cap boards. Butt the end of one of the uncut 10-foot 2-by-4-inch boards against the bench, and align the inner edge with the inside edge of the raised bed frame. This will leave an overhang on the outside of about 1-1/2 inches. Mark the corner, and make a miter cut to get a clean, 45-degree angle where the cap boards will meet. Use a drill and 2-1/2-inch exterior screws to secure the first cap board in each corner and about every 12 inches along the length, and then align the mitered edges and mark the next corner to cut. Continue marking, cutting, and attaching the cap boards around the raised bed, anchoring each one at the corners and about every 12 inches on the long sides, or 6 inches on the short 30-inch pieces.

11. Add a decorative backdrop. Use the twelve 15-inch 2-by-4s to make three square frames, which you’ll rotate on their points to make a diamond pattern. Anchor each corner with a 2-1/2-inch exterior screw driven straight into the side of one piece. Measure 18 inches above the center of the planter on the fence; attach the first frame at this mark using exterior deck screws or a finish nail gun. Space the other two frames about 12 inches away on both sides and secure the same way. Finally, get planting!

Sara Bendrick is a designer and TV host for the DIY Network. This project is reprinted with permission from her book Big Impact Landscaping, published by Page Street Publishing.


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Vegas Vacation (1997)

Film and Plot Synopsis

In this fourth installment to the Vacation film series, Clark Griswold wants to take his family on another vacation after receiving a big bonus from his job. However, Clark wants to go to Las Vegas, Nevada to renew his wedding vows to his wife Ellen, while the rest of the family would like to go elsewhere. Once in Vegas, the Griswolds have a series of misadventures, accompanied by Cousin Eddie. However, when Clark loses all the family’s money, will he be able to keep his family together or will he become another gambling statistic?

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‘Vegas Vacation’ Movie Summary

The summary below contains spoilers.
Vegas Vacation (1997)In this fourth installment to the Vacation series, Clark Griswold (Chevy Chase) earns a large bonus check from his boss Frank Shirley for inventing a long-life food preservative. He decides to celebrate by taking his family on another vacation. During this vacation, Clark states that he plans to renew his wedding vows to his wife Ellen (Beverly D’Angelo). However, the family is disappointed when Clark states that they are heading to Sin City itself, Las Vegas. Ellen and Clark’s teenage daughter Audrey (Marisol Nichols) express their doubts since Las Vegas is not known for its family-friendly atmosphere, and Audrey is underage. However, Clark’s son Rusty (Ethan Embry) is more enthusiastic about the idea.

The family arrives in Las Vegas and stays at the Mirage. They immediately begin a series of misadventures throughout the town. The family attends a Siegfried and Roy show, where the magicians make Clark disappear for a while. They visit Cousin Eddie (Randy Quaid), the husband of Ellen’s cousin Catherine (Miriam Flynn), in his trailer in the irradiated Nevada desert. The Griswolds, along with Eddie and Catherine, take a tour of the Hoover Dam, where Clark nearly plummets to his death from the side of the dam. Once back at their hotel, they are given tickets to see a Wayne Newton concert and a lavish dress for Ellen, both sent by Wayne Newton himself after he saw Ellen in the casino the day before. They go to the concert where Wayne begins making the moves on Ellen, including bringing her up on stage to sing with him.

The next day, the family agrees to have an “alone day” where they each get to do what they want. Clark heads to the casino and becomes addicted to gambling. He constantly loses to a blackjack dealer (Wallace Shawn) who seems to take personal joy in Clark losing. Rusty purchases a fake ID from a Frank Sinatra impersonator (Toby Huss). With the ID in hand, he begins gambling and starts winning immediately. Now known as Nick Pappagiorgio, Rusty soon begins hanging with the high rollers and is constantly comped by the casinos. Ellen begins spending time with Wayne Newton, who expresses his feelings for her. Audrey begins hanging out with Eddie’s daughter Vicki (Shae D’lyn) who teaches Audrey how to become an exotic dancer.

Clark’s gambling soon becomes a problem and interferes with his ability to spend time with his family. Soon, he gambles away the family’s entire bank account, leading Ellen and the kids to desert him. Rusty goes off and continues his own gambling, winning four cars. Meanwhile, Audrey goes to a strip club with Vicki and begins working as a go-go dancer. Desperate for cash, Clark turns to Eddie, who willing offers to help his friend. They return to Eddie’s trailer in the desert and begin digging up various coffee cans of money that Eddie has randomly buried around the desert. Eddie and Clark take the money and go to the nearest casino with the strangest games. Clark manages to gamble away all of Eddie’s money as well.

Completely broke, Clark begins to reevaluate his behavior and his choices. He realizes that the most important thing is getting his family back, not the money. Clark and Eddie then drive around Vegas and begin gathering the Griswolds back together. They find Ellen at Wayne Newton’s house who forgives Clark after he states that he loves her and still wants to renew their vows. Ellen and Clark find Audrey at the dance club and Rusty in a high rollers comp room of the casino. Once back together, Clark informs his family that he gambled away their plane tickets. Ellen gives Clark the family’s last two dollars and tells him to get their money back. Clark gambles it on a game of keno. While they are waiting for the numbers to be drawn, the Griswolds make friends with an elderly man (Sid Caesar) who compliments Clark on his family. The man hints that he has been lonely his whole life, and Clark tells him that he can consider himself part of the Griswold family for the night.

The keno drawing starts, and the Griswolds very quickly find themselves losers again. However, the old man begins to yell that he won before collapsing unconscious. The man slips in and out of consciousness before passing away. Before dying, he whispers to Clark that he should take his ticket. The hotel staff and paramedics take the body away and leave the winning ticket on the floor. The Griswolds struggle with what they should do before picking up the ticket. After claiming their winnings, Clark and Ellen renew their vows with Eddie, Cathryn, Audrey, and Rusty present. Afterwards, Clark gives Eddie $5,000 to repay his kindness. Rusty tells his father that he won four cars while gambling at the casino. Clark gives everyone a set of keys and they begin driving themselves back to Chicago.

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Warner Bros. released Vegas Vacation on February 14, 1997. Stephen Kessler directed the film starring Chevy Chase, Beverly D'Angelo, and Randy Quaid.

User Rating: 2.75 ( 1 votes)
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Antique Vintage 11

Virginia Ann (Layton) Tupper

June 24, 1936 ~ January 9, 2022 (age 85)

Virginia Tupper was 85 years old and passed away on Sunday January 9th.  Virginia was a homemaker to her husband Fred W. Tupper IV and six children. Virginia has spent her life in Bricktown, NJ, Pennsville, NJ, Oak Island, NC, Wilmington, NC and her final resting place in Myrtle Beach, SC.

She is survived by her six children-Fred A. Tupper (Dallas, GA), Vickie Gonzalez (Myrtle Beach, SC), Carol Wolf (Point Pleasant, NJ), Bob Tupper (Elmer, NJ), Jill Kearney (Pennsville, NJ), Scott Tupper (Wilmington, NC)
Her husband Fred W. Tupper IV(deceased) Her Parents George Buckley Layton and Lillian Layton both deceased.
Daughter and son-in-laws- Martine Tupper, Joan Tupper & Mark Kearney
Grandchildren-Elizabeth & Randall, Christopher, Stephanie & Trevor, Ariel & Jake, Bobbijo, Danielle & Ashley,Jodi, Michael,Christopher & Kathleen, Krissy, Casey and Cameron.
Great Grandchildren-Hunter & Annabelle, Christopher, Billy, Karlee & Avery,Bentley & Chandler, Zoey & Evie, Aubreanna, Shayla & Payton, Isabelle & Jake, Grady & Reese, Charlotte & Ginny.
Siblings-Ruth Burlett (Lakewood, NJ), Martha Sampson (Danville, VA) & John Layton (Hilton Head, SC)
Virginia found such love and happiness spending days relaxing with family in the sunshine and watching the beautiful sunsets every night.  She was a very calm, peaceful and loving person. Let’s not forget those games of Phase 10 when she was the champion most of the time. Let's not forget Mom’s favorite saying. “It is what it is” Our mothers Mom, our Mom, her daughter Vickie and her granddaughter Bobbijo four generations all born 22 years apart. And now to finish the legacy Mom passes in 2022.  Love your children.
I will never forget all the memories and all the years I spent with you and Pop, all the years you watched me grow into the person I am today.  You held me very close in your heart Nan, from the day I was born until the day you passed. I know Pop was calling you to come home because he needed his cup of coffee and he was tired of waiting for it.  Love Jake Tupper

Going to North Carolina each summer to visit you and Pop was what I looked forward to every year.  You spent your life taking care of every one, and it’s finally time for you to relax.  Love Trevor Tupper

You always spoiled us Nanny and made our trips to Oak Island, NC the absolute best.  I will always cherish the time you spent with Grady and Reese.  You just couldn’t wait to get your hands on those babies.  Nanny use to say just let the kids be kids.  At Nannies house there was never any rules.  Love Krissy Oehler & family
I will always remember Nan for the summer vacations spent on Oak Island, NC.  Playing cards, the home cooked meals, and her and Pop cheering Beej and I on during our college softball games.  Her beautiful smile, contagious laugh and warm touch.  Love Ashley Hutnyan & family

To send flowers to the family or plant a tree in memory of Virginia Ann (Layton) Tupper, please visit our floral store.

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A Memorial Tree was planted for Virginia

We are deeply sorry for your loss - the staff at McMillan-Small Funeral Home & Crematory

Join in honoring their life - plant a memorial tree

You can still show your support by sending flowers directly to the family, or by planting a memorial tree in the memory of Virginia Ann (Layton) Tupper
© 2022 McMillan-Small Funeral Home & Crematory. All Rights Reserved. Funeral Home website by CFS & TA | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility


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19th November 2020

Piriformis Syndrome

Piriformis Syndrome is a form of sciatica. By definition, sciatica is irritation of the sciatic nerve. The piriformis is a deep muscle in the buttocks, and […]
15th October 2020

Cramps and Muscle Spasms

It’s a common misconception that cramps are caused by dehydration or electrolyte imbalance. Even for sport-related cramps, there is little to no evidence of this. Causes […]
10th September 2020

Hip & Knee Arthritis

Arthritis often affects the hip and knee joints. The basic progression of osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis is the wear, tear, and repair process on cartilage. Mild injury or […]
23rd July 2020

The sciatic nerve runs from the lower back down the back of the thigh and outside of the calf. Sciatica is a symptom of irritation of […]
16th July 2020

Sports Injuries

Minor sports injuries are frustrating, especially when they limit your return to exercise. Osteopaths can help you from the early stages of injury to rehabilitation to […]


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ACD: Treatment, Diet and Home Remedies

Home Remedies

  • Do not touch the thing that caused the rash
  • If you can wash your skin with mild soap and cool water right after exposure, you may get rid of all or most of the problem substance. That will help reduce symptoms
  • For blisters, try applying cold moist compresses for 30 minutes three times a day
  • Emollients or moisturizers help keep the skin moist, and also help skin repair itself
  • Take a comfortably cool bath
  • Wear smooth-textured cotton clothing. This will help you avoid irritation.

allergic contact dermatitis, acute contact dermatitis, irritant contact dermatitis, red rashes, bumps, itchy skin, dry skin, patches on skin, swelling of skin, ICD, allergy, skin rash, ACD dos & donts, ACD nutrition plan, foods to avoid for ACD,


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by | Jun 20, 2022

Cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) both come from the cannabis plant, but one chemical is far more notorious than the other. THC, through marijuana, is the most widely used illicit drug in the world, and while it has been legalized for medical purposes in 38 U.S. states (and for recreational purposes in 19 of them) it remains federally illegal under the Controlled Substances Act. The stigma associated with THC, unfortunately, spread over to CBD when its market share began to rise, leading to massive customer confusion. Thirty-eight percent of U.S. consumers are entirely unfamiliar with CBD, and out of those who are aware of it, only 47% have actively researched it. Consumers unfamiliar with CBD regularly mistake it for THC, and this misconception in turn limits the number of people that might benefit from this supplement.

So which is right for you: CBD or THC?

Let’s compare the two to find out.

Legality and Availability of CBD and THC

The legality and availability of THC varies drastically depending on where you’re located. Currently, 38 U.S. states have legalized it for medical purposes and 19 for recreational purposes. The age restrictions and medical conditions that qualify for purchase differ by state, but all THC products must be purchased at licensed dispensaries, and customers in non-recreational states must receive permission from a doctor to use THC products. Just a reminder that THC remains federally illegal under the Controlled Substances Act as of 2022, and traveling across state lines with THC products (even between states where it is legal) is risky. Ask your doctor about the medical marijuana laws in your state for more relevant information.

Fortunately, CBD is legal in all 50 U.S. states. While initially grouped with THC under the Marihuana Tax Law and Controlled Substances Act, the 2018 Farm Bill legalized hemp products containing <0.3% THC nationwide. CBD has become more popular and widely available by the day: $239 million worth of CBD products were sold in 2018. Unlike THC, CBD products can easily be found at health and wellness stores, farmers’ markets, and online.

Extraction: How Do CBD Products Limit THC?

The limit for THC found within CBD products is <0.3%. Considering the small percentage, how exactly do you go about separating THC from CBD? The answer: very carefully. Muddy Boot Botanicals utilizes the Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Ethanol methods of extraction.

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction is common method to extract CBD because of its effectiveness in producing a pure, clean, and safe product. Specific fluctuations is pressure and temperature cause CO2 molecules to reach a supercritical state in which they act as both a liquid and a gas. In this state, they can be easily manipulated to bond to certain molecules chosen by the producer, which then allows them to be separated from the plant and placed in a collection jar.

Ethanol extraction works in a similar way to the CO2 method but doesn’t require constant shifts in temperature. It can be performed at varying temperatures during extraction that in turn produces different effects. Cold extraction freezes water, fats, lipids, and other unwanted materials so that they don’t dissolve into the ethanol. Warm extraction is considered an easier process, but requires that these unwanted materials be removed from the ethanol later, otherwise ending up in the final product.

After the raw oil is extracted, it is then further refined through processes such as ‘winterization’, ‘distillation’, and ‘isomerization’. The purpose is to create specific end-products that are tailored for use in the formulation of finished goods. The primary one of these is winterization, where raw oil is combined with alcohol and then placed in sub-zero temperatures until the mixture is cloudy. The cloudiness indicates that the mixture has separated, with the unwanted materials frozen on top. The mixture is then filtered and the alcohol is removed from the clean oil. Winterized CBD then moves to process where it can be formulated and distilled for a variety of products.

Effects and Medical Uses of CBD and THC

Both CBD and THC are cannabinoids that affect the endocannabinoid system (ECS). This system, present in nearly all animals, contains receptors throughout the central nervous system. Plant-based phytocannabinoids like CBD and THC work by mimicking endocannabinoids (cannabinoids naturally produced by the body), producing a wide range of possible effects.

The most significant difference between CBD and THC is that THC is psychoactive, mimicking anandamide (a natural brain chemical) to bind to the ECS’s CB1 receptors and produce changes in mood and cognition. While 38 U.S. states allow doctors to prescribe THC products for medical purposes, you may still experience a “high” while using them. As a result, you should never drive a vehicle or operate heavy machinery while using THC.

Nevertheless, researchers are studying how THC may help treat or slightly improve symptoms of a variety of medical issues. The greatest amounts of evidence for the medical uses of THC include:

  • Chronic pain
  • Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting
  • Patient-reported symptoms of multiple sclerosis spasticity (tight muscles)

CBD, on the other hand, will not get you high. While THC binds to the CB1 receptor, CBD does not directly bind to any cannabinoid receptor. In fact, CBD is a CB1 agonist and may block the intoxicating effects of THC and other cannabinoids. It is primarily used for health and wellness purposes, including:

  • Chronic pain
  • Balancing mood
  • Inflammation
  • Insomnia
  • Epilepsy
  • Some types of seizures

Both CBD and THC have potential side effects, and these include:

  • Increased heart rate
  • Coordination problems
  • Dry mouth
  • Red eyes
  • Slower reaction times
  • Memory loss
  • Anxiety

  • Changes in appetite
  • Fatigue
  • Weight loss
  • Dizziness
  • Diarrhea

Always ask your doctor before using CBD or THC.

Why Not Both?: The Entourage Effect

Combining multiple cannabinoids together may result in more potent effects than consuming them separately. This is known as the entourage effect, and when properly used, it may boost the health benefits of both CBD and THC. Even in states where THC is illegal, you can still take advantage of the entourage effect by using full-spectrum CBD extracts and products (such as Muddy Boot CBD body butter). These products contain trace (non-psychoactive) amounts of THC (<0.3%) and other cannabinoids, which may interact with the CBD and increase its effects. This must be done carefully to ensure that the effects are not too powerful. Always ask your doctor before combining cannabinoids.

Conclusion: Which is Right for Me?

Ultimately, deciding between the use of THC or CBD comes down to the biggest factors that affect your lifestyle. Both cannabinoids have substantial research indicating that they play a significant role in treating pain and inflammation. Additionally, THC has shown positive signs of relieving gastrointestinal problems and nausea, while CBD is generally regarded as an effective treatment for alleviating stress and anxiety by altering serotonin levels in the brain. It is highly recommended that you consult with your doctor about the benefits and risks of each before trying.

Looking for CBD?

Muddy Boot Botanicals uses only the highest-quality ingredients (including Oregon-grown hemp) to restore balance to your daily routine. Whether you are pampering your skin with CBD bar soaps and lotions or going to bed with CBD sleep gummies, Muddy Boot products are a safe, natural, and effective way of unlocking the full potential of CBD.

About the Authors

Marco Mosqueda and Sarah Vilcnik are both students at the University of Central Florida with a focus in technical writing. Learn more about Marco at https://www.linkedin.com/in/marco-mosqueda-214b261b6/ and see Sarah’s portfolio at https://skvilcnik.wixsite.com/portfolio.

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