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Happy Thanksgiving

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It may be getting dark early, and the weather may be distinctly chilly, but there are few days of the year as warm and bright as Thanksgiving. Of all the holidays out there, it's the one that reminds us to appreciate what's most valuable: the people we care about (and stuffing. Yum!). Whether you're spending the day getting some much-deserved R& R or whipping up a holiday feast for a passel of family and friends, we hope you go to sleep tonight feeling content, relaxed, and full. Here's to an amazing holiday season, and hopefully some amazing pumpkin pie, too.

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The 12 Ages of Christmas: 8-Year-Olds

Instead of the 12 days of Christmas, we're celebrating the ages and the toys that go along with them. Keep an eye out for your age group as we tick along throughout the season!

On the eighth day of Christmas, yours truly gave to thee... a Sparkle It Gem Decorator ($20) and a Nerf Dart Tag package ($40). If mama has an aspiring Christian Siriano in her home, Sparkle It Gem Decorator is sure to be a hit. Lifetime may not have the rights to your youngsters but that doesn't mean they can't whip up a glittery design! Tots can decorate and add flair to their heart's content. For those that don't care much for fashion, the Nerf treatment may be in order. The BB gun may have been the hot toy decades ago, but the concept is still alive and well — just a lot safer! Instead of skin breaking or eye popping pellets, young rascals can use the plastic darts to aim, shoot and fire at their partner in crime. Armed in protective glasses and target adorned vests, players can keep score during their ambush. Take cover mom!

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Lessons from London: fact-checkers have passion, but need more checks

Poynter’s inaugural Global Fact-Checking Summit attracted a diverse group of journalists to a London classroom this week.

Two Italians explained their creative ideas for earning money from their work. An energetic editor from Argentina talked about how she uses crowdsourcing to help her reporters. And two young journalists from Ukraine showed how they’ve used digital tools to find manipulated photographs in the Russian media.

Attendees at the Poynter’s Global Fact-Checking Summit in London. (Photo by Shannon Beckham)

The journalists shared something big in common: a passion for fact-checking.

As international conferences go, the Global Fact-Checking Summit was a small one — about 40 fact-checkers, a half-dozen academics who study this growing new form of journalism, plus a handful of representatives from the foundations that paid for the conference. But what it lacked it size, it made up in spirit.

They came from across the globe — India, South Africa, Serbia, Poland, Italy, France, the United States and Chile. Russell Skelton, the head of the ABC Fact Check in Australia, endured a 22-hour flight from Sydney and won the conference prize for the longest trip — a kitschy Barack Obama snow globe.

The two-day conference at the London School of Economics showed fact-checkers are a unique breed. They’re smart and can do sophisticated reporting. They’ve disrupted the status quo by challenging the accuracy of their political leaders. And they’ve developed thick skin to withstand frequent criticism. They are eagle-eyed and even caught a mistake in their Poynter certificates, which said the conference was held in July.

The big news from the meeting was the unanimous decision to form an international association that will hold future conferences, promote fact-checking and help the journalists exchange best practices.

As the organizer of the conference, my big takeaway was the realization that in some countries, particularly in Eastern Europe, impartial fact-checking can’t be done by newspapers and television networks because they are often controlled by the government or political parties. In those countries, it is being done by “media NGOs” — independent groups that play the role of the non-partisan media.

The meeting allowed the fact-checkers to exchange ideas and tips. Italians Alberto Puoti and Eric Lefkofsky showed a glitzy TV fact-checking segment that reminded many of us of Dancing with the Stars. Paata Gaprindashvili of the GRASS FactCheck in Georgia played a video that used a wonderfully simple animation to explain a complicated subject.

But for all the great highlight-reel moments, there were plenty of reminders about some big challenges facing the London attendees:

  • Although fact-checking is flourishing in the United States and Europe, there are only a few sites in Africa and South America.
  • In many countries, fact-checking can be difficult because of the lack of reliable government data.
  • No one has found a sustainable business model for fact-checking.

That looms as the biggest challenge. Fact-checking sites don't typically draw enough traffic to be commercially successful, so they have to get substantial support from large news organizations and foundations.

One of the most popular panels at the London conference was about finding new revenue sources. It began with gloomy comments from editors saying they were facing big funding cuts in the near future. But the conversation turned hopeful as the panelists offered some creative ideas to raise money.

Chequeado, a site in Argentina, hosts a big fund-raiser called “The Night of Chequeado.” FactCheck.org in the United States raises about $80,000 a year from individual donations. Pagella Politica, a site in Italy, is exploring offering a variety of services that could bring in revenue, including selling its data and writing background briefs for television hosts about the fact-check records of politicians.

Mantzarlis, co-creator of Pagella Politica, said fact-checking takes a lot of time and effort, which means “there is definitely value in it.” So why not try to recoup some of that value?

Perhaps the biggest challenge for the fact-checkers is changing their mindset, something the new association is likely to address. They are not just journalists any more, they are managers and entrepreneurs who must find a way to keep their ventures sustainable.

Laura Zommer, the executive director of Chequeado, said fundraising required a big change in her approach.

“The most important thing,” she said, “is not to be shy.”

Bill Adair is the Knight Professor of the Practice of Journalism and Public Policy at Duke University. He also serves as an adjunct faculty member at Poynter and is the creator of PolitiFact.

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    Bill Adair is the Knight Professor for the Practice of Journalism and Public Policy at Duke University and the founder of PolitiFact. The fact-checking site is owned by the Tampa Bay Times, which is owned by Poynter.

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Blueline Ranking Coming May 2017

Scout McCraw
March 29, 2017
This spring, Canopy will publish the annual Blueline Report, a comprehensive guide to the environmental performance of North America’s largest printers. The report, which actually ranks these printers based on environmental performance, is designed to help print consumers identify those suppliers that are being environmentally responsible.

Canopy will be assessing and ranking major printers on a set of 28 criteria, including fibre preference, sourcing policies, certified and recycled paper availability, transparency and CSR reporting.

In 2016, Canopy’s report found that seven of North America’s largest printers had entered the top 10 in the sustainability ranking.

“With customer demand for environmental print continuing to strengthen, we look forward to reporting on significant progress by North America’s leading printers,” Nicole Rycroft, Canopy founder and Executive Director, says.

Printers aiming to improve their ranking must post their sustainability progress on their Websites by April 30.

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Update: This story has been updated to reflect recent developments in the Atlanta cheating scandal. It has also been corrected.

Scandals involving cheating by teachers and schools to pump up ever-more-important student test scores swept the country in 2011, with states failing to implement simple and effective checks. But they've also been happening for years, and oversight is only beginning to catch up.

Here's an overview of some of the most shocking instances of teacher cheating, plus a few episodes that may have been overblown.

The 'Lake Wobegon' Effect (1987-89)

One of the earliest investigations of teacher cheating was spearheaded by John Jacob Cannell, a family physician from West Virginia who was shocked to hear that his poverty-stricken home state, with high rates of illiteracy, was performing above the national average on standardized tests. Cannell latched on to the issue and discovered that students in 48 states were supposedly performing above the national average—in part because they were being judged using out-of-date comparisons.

This phenomenon was christened the "Lake Wobegon Effect," after Garrison Keillor's legendary town where "every child is above average." Cannell's reports argued that score inflation resulted from infrequent test updates and too much "teaching to the test," as well as outright teacher cheating. While his findings were hotly debated, a Department of Education-sponsored study confirmed most of them.

Columbus, Ohio: After President Clinton Lauds School, Students Claim Cheating (2000)

Just weeks after President Clinton visited a Columbus school to laud its astronomical gains on test scores and argue that Clinton-Gore strategies were working, the school was enveloped in a cheating scandal. Three students told a teacher that they had received assistance on the previous year's exam. District investigators found no evidence to support the claims, but some parents found the accusation credible, and the veteran teacher who passed along the students' claims said she had been forced to go on disability leave after retaliations from the principal.

New York City: Early Cheating Scandal May Have Been Overblown (1999-2001)

Aggressive schools investigator Edward Stancik uncovered a wide range of cheating in New York City schools, including a seventh-grade teacher who had placed the answers to a test by a pencil sharpener, encouraged his students to sharpen their pencils, and left the room. But Stancik's most explosive findings, which implicated 32 schools and 52 educators, did not hold up to scrutiny. A New York Times investigation into his methods found that some of his accusations seemed dubious and that innocent teachers may have suffered as a result.

Chicago: 'Freakonomics' Author Catches Cheating Teachers (2002)

"Freakonomics" author Steven Levitt and fellow economist Brian Jacob developed a method to screen tests for teacher cheating by looking for identical strings of answers. Their conclusions, based on Chicago public-school tests from 1993 to 2000: Cheating on standardized tests occurred in at least 4 percent to 5 percent of classrooms every year; teachers in low-performing classrooms were likelier to cheat; and a "pronounced spike" in cheating occurred when Chicago introduced high-stakes testing in 1996. As a result of their report, Arne Duncan, then CEO of Chicago Public Schools and now U.S. Secretary of Education, asked the economists to put their algorithm to work catching cheaters in action. The experiment worked: When students of teachers suspected of cheating took the tests again, their scores dropped.

Birmingham, Ala.: School Targeted Students to Withdraw Before Tests (2004)

When the director of a GED program in Birmingham noticed in 2001 that many students were showing up at his office weeks after they had "withdrawn" from a local high school because of "lack of interest," he decided to investigate. With the help of a school board member, he found that more than 500 students—about 5 percent of the high school student body—had been asked to leave their schools, the New York Times reported in 2004. These forced withdrawals happened before students were to take an important standardized test but after the school was evaluated for the funding it would receive based on enrollment. The school district denied that the withdrawals had anything to do with getting rid of students who might have dragged down the school's test scores.

Texas: 700 Schools Flagged for Potential Cheating; State 'Investigated' With Survey (2004-07)

When the Dallas Morning News analyzed test results across Texas, it found hundreds of schools with test scores that had jumped and dropped in suspicious ways. The newspaper identified low-income schools with students at one grade level who struggled with basic skills—and students in the next grade who received nearly perfect scores or outperformed the state's most elite districts.

One elementary school's students scored so well that Oprah Winfrey featured it on a special about schools that "defy the odds." But a teacher said her high-scoring students could barely write their own names, and when the same students went on to middle school, their scores plummeted. The state ultimately decided to investigate at least 700 schools. But for more than 600, the "investigation" consisted of simply asking schools to fill out a survey about their testing procedures. Taking many schools at their word, the state declared that the vast majority were innocent despite further evidence that some schools cleared of wrongdoing had actually cheated.

Los Angeles: Charter Founder Orchestrated Cheating at Six Schools (2011)

The director of a group of six charter schools in Los Angeles ordered his principals to break the seals on state tests and help students prepare for the exams with actual test questions. When teachers reported the order, the school's governing board demoted the director but did not fire him, noting he had "expressed very, very deep regret." When the Los Angeles Board of Education voted to shut down the charter schools completely, parents, students and teachers made passionate arguments for keeping the schools open under different leadership and eventually succeeded.

Atlanta: Teachers Changed Answers in a District 'Run Like the Mob' (2011)

Teachers in Atlanta were so used to changing students' answers on standardized tests that they gathered for "erasure" parties and prepared answer keys on plastic transparencies to make the cheating easier. One teacher told investigators that she feared retaliation if she didn't participate, saying the district was "run like the mob." At least 178 teachers and principals — including ex-schools chief Beverly L. Hall — have been implicated in the scandal, which was first brought to light by the Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Hall was indicted March 29, 2013, on conspiracy and related charges.

Washington, D.C.: Investigation Ongoing at 'Blue Ribbon' School With Suspicious Erasures (2011)

There's still no conclusive evidence of cheating at a Washington, D.C., school that gained federal accolades—and monetary bonuses—for its high performance on tests. But a USA Today investigation found that student test sheets had unusually high numbers of wrong answers that had been erased and replaced with right ones. Testing experts said the odds that these erasures occurred purely by chance were smaller than the odds of winning the Powerball grand prize in the lottery. (District officials say teachers trained students in testing techniques that may have led to more erasures.) The school's former "poster boy" principal recently resigned from his position as a superintendent. Michelle Rhee, the former chancellor of D.C. schools who touted the school's success, has resisted answering questions.

Correction: April 4, 2013: A previous version of this post incorrectly suggested that in Birmingham, more than 500 students had “withdrawn” because of “lack of interest” from a single local high school, rather than from high schools across the district.


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Stewart Alexander Publishes Memoirs

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 Click here to proceed.   Stewart Alexander, a world-renowned physical medium, publishes his memoirs. The spiritualist book contains troves of anecdotes and thought-provoking views.

The book can be said to contain very substantive views on various topics on spiritualism and psychic readings as Alexander has been connected to spiritualism for 40 years and then went on to work as a physical medium. What is also important to note is that the book is not only giving an armchair observer’s view but rather an actual medium’s point of view.

The book has been divided into two parts. The first is about Alexander’s excursion through spirituality. The author gives an account of how he developed his mediumship and how he met his first mentor, Kath Matthews. The second part talks about “observations and deductions” where he dissects the problems of the movement today.

“For a time the Movement appeared to be firmly on course to achieve its aims, and yet, following the passing through Parliament of the Fraudulent Mediums Act in 1951, it all started to go wrong. Instead of capitalizing upon its hard fought victory for legalization, it turned in upon itself and went into decline. The fighting spirit which saw its leadership, together with its rank and file, present a united front in the face of legal injustice slowly became a memory. The Movement’s central message became fragmented, diluted and corrupted, with the result that gradually it lost direction.”

The book, “Stewart Alexander’s An Extraordinary Journey”, provides the best account of how a medium or psychic sees spirituality. For anyone who is interested in spirituality, this is the best book to read. It is enjoyable and straight forward. It should be the latest addition to the spiritualist’s collection of books.

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Machine Learning and Data Science: Linear Regression Part 5

Written on July 4, 2017 by Dr Donald Kinghorn

Linear Regression Part 5: Vectorization and Matrix Equations

We've covered a lot of fundamentals in the last 4 posts about Linear Regression and in this post we will cover another important idea, "Vectorization". In this context we will rewrite the equations for Linear Regression in matrix/vector form and derive the direct/exact solution to find the model parameters by solving a simple matrix equation. We will also generalize the linear regression problem to multiple feature variables, Multi-Variate Linear Regression. This is a natural extension from expressing the equations in matrix form.

In the paragraph above I used the word "simple" in regard to the matrix equations. I should qualify that! Everything is simple when you know how to do it! This post is a bit more advanced than the previous posts since it is using some linear algebra. Linear algebra is one of the important corner-stones of understanding machine learning, and actually, is a corner-stone of nearly all numerical computing.

The basic mathematics prerequisites for understanding Machine Learning are Calculus-I,II,III, Linear Algebra, and, Probability and Statistics. A computer science student that is interested in Machine Learning would be well advised to get a minor in Mathematics (or just get a degree in Mathematics instead!) You don't need to know these subjects at the level of a mathematician rather more like an engineer. This is especially true for linear algebra. Linear algebra is a great first course for a theorem proving course (real mathematics). What is needed for machine learning and a computer scientist is more like "applied numerical linear algebra".

You don't need to understand all of the math used in this post! The main take-aways are the finial equations and the "idea" of rewriting formulas in matrix vector form. You can think of vectors and matrices as "programming data structures" and then realize how they are used by libraries like numpy.

If you don't have much mathematics background don't be intimidated by the statements above! It's not that hard and you can learn a lot by just following along as best you can. I wont explain everything in detail but will try to give insight into what's going on.

For background the previous 4 posts contain a lots of good stuff!

These posts along with the current one were converted to html from Jupyter notebooks. The notebooks are available at https://github.com/dbkinghorn/blog-jupyter-notebooks

Scalars, Vectors, Matrices and some Operations with them

Here is very brief (and inadequate!) introduction to some of the structures and operations in linear algebra.

A scalar is just a single number. For example, $$ \alpha = 2 $$

A vector is a column array of scalars. It has 1 index ($a_1$ is the first element of $a$, -- or maybe that could be $a_0$!)

$$ a = \begin{bmatrix} a_1 \\ a_2 \end{bmatrix} $$

where $a_1$ and $a_2$ are scalars.

A matrix is a 2 dimensional array. The following matrix has 2 rows and 2 columns. You can think of the columns as vectors.

$$ A = \begin{bmatrix} a_{11} & a_{12}\\ a_{21} & a_{22} \end{bmatrix} $$

A matrix has 2 index values ($i,j$). The "1,2 element" of $A$ is $a_{12}$"

We would say the the matrix $A$ is a "2 by 2" or $2 \times 2$ matrix. In general it could be $n \times m$ i.e. $n$ by $m$, where are $n$ and $m$ are scalars. The vector $a$ is "a 2 vector" i.e. has length 2. You could also think of it as a 2 by 1 matrix.

The transpose of a vector or matrix has it's "indices switched". It is usuall written as a superscript $'$ or $T$. For example,

$$ a' = \begin{bmatrix} a_1 & a_2 \end{bmatrix} $$

$$ A' = \begin{bmatrix} a_{11} & a_{21}\\ a_{12} & a_{22} \end{bmatrix} $$

The elements around the diagonal of $A$ are switched. In general $A' \ne A$.

Scalars , vectors and matrices can be multiplied.

$$ \alpha a' = \begin{bmatrix} \alpha a_1 & \alpha a_2 \end{bmatrix} $$

Matrices and vectors are multiplied so that each element of the result is a "row times column with the result summed". The following vector product is also called a vector "dot" product

$$ a' b = \begin{bmatrix} a_{1} & a_{2} \end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix} b_{1} \\ b_{2} \end{bmatrix} = a_1 b_1 + a_2 b_2$$

The "1 by 2" row vector $a$ times the "2 by 1" column vector $b$ is the "1 by 1" scalar $a_1 b_1 + a_2 b_2$.

$$ A B = \begin{bmatrix} a_{11} & a_{21}\\ a_{12} & a_{22} \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} b_{11} & b_{21}\\ b_{12} & b_{22} \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} a_{11}b_{11} + a_{12}b_{21} & a_{11}b_{12} + a_{12}b_{22} \\ a_{21}b_{11} + a_{22}b_{21} & a_{21}b_{12} + a_{22}b_{22} \end{bmatrix} $$

For matrices think "row times column summed" for each element of the result matrix.

Operation Dimensions

When you perform operations with vectors and matrices you need to keep their "dimensions" in mind. For conventional matrix multiplication the inner dimensions must be conformable. For example you can multiply a $1 \times 2$ vector with a $2 \times 3$ matrix and the result would be a $ 1 \times 3$ dimensional vector. You can multiply a matrix or vector by a scalar element-wise and you can add a scalar to a matrix or vector element-wise. You can also add 2 vectors or matrices element-wise if they have the same dimensions.

You have to be careful when using matrices and vectors. It's always good to check your work by looking at the dimensions of all operations to be sure you haven't forgotten a transpose or something. A couple of other characteristics to be aware of is that matrix multiplication is not commutative, that is, in general $AB \neq BA$ and the transpose or inverse of a product may not be what you think, $(AB)' = B'A'$ and $(AB)^{-1} = B^{-1}A^{-1}$

That is not enough explanation! If you understand the above you are set, if not, then you might want to look at some of the great Wikipedia pages.

Vectorizing the Linear Regression Model and Cost Function

Model function in matrix/vector form

We have been thinking of our model function in two ways. One was as our "predictor equation",

$$ h(x) = a_0 + a_1 x$$

where, given the optimal values for $a_0, a_1$ we can use $h(x)$ as a predictor for the value of a house of size $x$ sqft. The other way we were looking at $h(x)$ was in terms of our data set,

$$h_a(x^{(i)}) = a_0 + a_1 x^{(i)} $$

where we were considering the $i^{th}$ element in our housing data set. Recall we use $m$ for the number of elements in our dataset so the complete column of values $x$ (and thus $h(x)$) are vectors with $m$ elements.

We can consider $h(x)$ as a vector valued function of the complete column of $m$ numbers that are house sizes in our dataset i.e. $x$ is a vector of house sizes. We had also introduced $a$ as being a 2 vector containing the parameters $a_0, a_1$. So, without using any special change in notation we can think of $h$ as a vector function of $x$.

$$ h_a(x) = a_0 + a_1 x = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & x^{(1)} \\ 1 & x^{(2)} \\ \vdots & \vdots \\ 1 & x^{(m)} \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} a_{0} \\ a_{1} \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} a_0 + a_1 x^{(1)} \\ a_0 + a_1 x^{(2)} \\ \vdots \\ a_0 + a_1 x^{(m)} \end{bmatrix} = X a $$
Matrix form of model across the full column of feature data,
$$ \bbox[25px,border:2px solid green]{ h_a(X) = Xa } $$

I have introduced the "augmented matrix" $X$ that has a column of 1's to take care of the constant term $a_0$. The model function $h$ on the full set of training data is now just a simple matrix vector multiplication!

Cost function in matrix/vector form

We originally wrote our cost function as the sum of squared errors between the model function and the dataset values for the house prices $y$.

$$ J(a_0, a_1) = \frac{1}{2m} \sum_{i=1}^{m}((a_0 + a_1x^{(i)}) - y^{(i)})^2 $$

A sum of squares is know as a "quadratic form" and we can write it in matrix form using the vector expression for $h_a(X)$ and the full column vector of house prices $y$. This will replace the summation, $\Sigma$, with matrix/vector multiplication.

Matrix form of the cost function,
$$ \bbox[25px,border:2px solid green]{ \begin{align} J(a) & = \frac{1}{2m} (Xa - y)'(Xa - y) \\ \\ & =\frac{1}{2m} ( a'X'Xa -2y'Xa + y'y) \end{align} } $$

Note, the 3 terms are just quadratic forms, they are scalers i.e. just numbers. That means that each of those terms is equal to it's transpose. (just in case you derive it an wonder where $-2y'Xa$ came from).

Gradient of the cost function in matrix/vector form

In the last post (part4) in order to find the optimal parameters $a$ we needed the gradient of $J(a)$ when we used the gradient descent algorithm. We also need the gradient (or derivative) to find the "matrix" solution to the equations. (I will do the derivation here but, this would be considered advanced even though it is a relatively easy problem ... I just happen to know matrix differential calculus :-)

The differential and gradient of the cost function $J(a)$

The differential is,

$$ \begin{align} d[J(a)] & = \frac{1}{2m} ( da'[X'Xa] + [a'X'X]da - 2da'[X'y] ) \\ \\ & = \frac{1}{2m} ( 2[a'X'X]da - 2[y'X]da ) \\ \\ & = \frac{1}{m} ([a'X'X -y'X]da) \end{align}$$

This implies that the derivative is (the stuff in front of $da$ ... a row vector)

$$ \frac{\partial J}{\partial a'} = \frac{1}{m} (a'X'X -y'X)$$

and the gradient is ( the transpose of the derivative ... a column vector)

Matrix form of the cost function gradient,
$$ \bbox[25px,border:2px solid green]{ \nabla_aJ(a) = \frac{1}{m} (X'Xa - X'y) } $$

We could use that matrix form of the gradient vector in an optimization calculation, like gradient descent, to find the best values of $a$. We can also now find the solution without doing an optimization!

Solution of the Linear Regression Least Squares Equations

The cost function $J(a)$ is a quadratic function (it's bowl shaped). That means it is "convex" and that means that it has a single minimum and that minimum is the global minimum i.e. the "lowest point of the function". At the minimum the gradient is equal to zero. We have the gradient so we can set it equal to zero and solve for $a$!

$$ \nabla_aJ(a) = \frac{1}{m} (X'Xa - X'y) = 0 $$

implies that,

$$ X'Xa = X'y $$

applying the inverse of $X'X$ to both sides gives,

$$ (X'X)^{-1}X'Xa = (X'X)^{-1}X'y $$

therefore we have,

Matrix form of the of the solution for the model parameters,
$$ \bbox[25px,border:2px solid green]{ a = (X'X)^{-1}X'y } $$

That's it! That's the matrix solution to find the least squares linear regression parameters $a$.

The term

$$ (X'X)^{-1}X' $$

is known as the Moore-Penrose (pseudo) inverse of $X$ and is sometimes written as $X^+$. Most numerical programing libraries have an efficient function to find that inverse. It's often something like pinv(X).

Multi-Variate Linear Regression.

Now that we have the regression equations in matrix form it is trivial to extend linear regression to the case where we have more than one feature variable in our model function. For 1 feature our model was a straight line. For 2 features the model would be a flat plane. For more than 2 features the model would be a "hyper-plane" (higher dimensional planer surface). It is much more difficult to visualize multi-variate linear regression but all of the characteristics of the simple 1 variable case remain. The multi-variate extension can be very powerful for complicated models!

Generalizing the matrix/vector equations the the case where we have $n$ feature variables would look like the following.

$$ \begin{align} h_a(X) & = a_0 + a_1 x_1 + a_2 x_2 + \cdots + a_n x_n \\ \\ & = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & x^{(1)}_1 & x^{(1)}_2 & \ldots & x^{(1)}_n \\ 1 & x^{(2)}_1 & x^{(2)}_2 & \ldots & x^{(2)}_n \\ \vdots & \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ 1 & x^{(m)}_1 & x^{(m)}_2 & \ldots & x^{(m)}_n \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} a_{0} \\ a_{1} \\a_{2} \\ \vdots \\ a_{n} \end{bmatrix} \\ \\ \end{align} $$
Multi-Variate version of the equations in matrix form
$$ \bbox[25px,border:2px solid green]{ \begin{align} h_a(X) & = Xa \\ \\ J(a) & = \frac{1}{2m} (Xa - y)'(Xa - y) \\ \\ \nabla_aJ(a) & = \frac{1}{m} (X'Xa - X'y) \\ \\ a & = (X'X)^{-1}X'y \end{align} }$$

These formulas are the same as for the single feature variable versions! For the multi-variate version the matrix $X$ has a column for each feature and the vector $a$ has a parameter for each feature (plus the constant term $a_0$).

Matrix solution applied to the King County zipcode 98039 house price dataset

Lets load up some Python tools and our dataset and give this a try.

In [1]:
import pandas as pd  # data handeling
import numpy as np   # numeriacal computing
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt  # plotting core
import seaborn as sns  # higher level plotting tools
%matplotlib inline
In [2]:
df_98039 = pd.read_csv("df_98039.csv")
x = df_98039['sqft_living']
y = df_98039['price']
m = len(x)  # Number of data pairs
In [3]:
x_mean = x.mean()
x_std = x.std()
xs = (x - x_mean)/x_std

y_mean = y.mean()
y_std = y.std()
ys = (y - y_mean)/y_std

The data for zipcode 98039 is now loaded and we have both the raw and mean normalized data. This will allow us to check the results against the work that we did in the last post with the gradient descent code. We'll do the scaled data first;

In [4]:
Xs = np.column_stack( (np.ones((m,1)) , xs ) )     # Construct the augmented matrix X
a = np.dot( np.linalg.pinv(Xs), ys)                # a = pinv(X)*y
print( 'a0 = %.6f, a1 = %.6f ' %(a[0],a[1]) )      # print the values of a
a0 = -0.000000, a1 = 0.940887

Yes, those are the same values obtained with the gradient descent on the mean normalized data. Now check the raw data;

In [5]:
X = np.column_stack( (np.ones((m,1)) , x ) )       # Construct the augmented matrix X
a = np.dot( np.linalg.pinv(X), y)                  # a = pinv(X)*y
print( 'a0 = %.6f, a1 = %.6f ' %(a[0],a[1]) )      # print the values of a
a0 = -203558.968718, a1 = 622.001518

Those are the values we obtained with the back transformation in the last post. Doing mean normalization is not as important when using the matrix solution.

Here's a plot of the data with those parameters for a.

In [6]:
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot(x,y, 'o', color='g', label='training data')
ax.plot(x, a[0] + a[1]*x, label='h(x) = %.2f + %.2f x' %(a[0], a[1]))

To finish lets check the cost of an 8000 sqft house;

In [7]:
def h(x,a0,a1) :  # The model function h
    h = a0 + a1*x
    return h
In [8]:
print( '${:,.2f}'.format( h(8000,a[0],a[1]) ) )

Indeed! I still can't afford it!

I hope the value of converting problems to matrix form is clear from this post. I feel it is much easier to work with matrix equations and it makes implementing efficient code straight forward. It's generally the case that having formulas in matrix form and using optimized mathematical libraries will give excellent performance. In anaconda Python numpy is compiled against Intel's excellent MKL (Math Kernel Library) this gives Python the potential for some of the performance capability of code built with lower level compiled compiled languages like C/C++ or Fortran.

In the next post I'll finish up Linear Regression with a look at using non-linear feature variables (like polynomial regression). This will be a chance to illustrate the very important problem of over/under fitting data.

Happy computing! --dbk

Tags: Machine Learning, Data Science, Python, Jupyter notebook, Programming


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Columbia Global Center Launched in Amman

March 23, 2009

(Office of Her Majesty, Press Department - Amman) In a concerted effort to deepen its extensive global perspective, Columbia University today launched the Columbia Global Centers | Amman under the Patronage of Her Majesty Queen Rania Al Abdullah.

The Amman Center is among the first of a network of centers around the world to promote and facilitate international collaborations, new research projects, academic programming and study abroad. The purpose of these centers is to allow the University’s faculty and students to learn more about the world and help devise new solutions to global problems.

In the opening address at the ceremony, Queen Rania highlighted the significance of Columbia’s presence in the region stressing that“it embodies the most sacred tenet of the academic world: that knowledge and ideas are for all humanity; that academia has no borders.”

Her Majesty also noted the centre will “build a new landmark on the academic landscape which will help to transform Jordan into a hub of intellectual activity.”

“As we strive to learn more about the world, we will bring it closer together. And, as we grow more aware of what surrounds us, we will become more tolerant of each other,” continued Her Majesty.

In a morning press briefing, President Bollinger; Kenneth Prewitt, vice president of Columbia Global Centers and Safwan Masri, director of the Columbia Global Centers | Amman explained the Amman Center will facilitate new partnerships throughout the Middle East acting as a hub for intellectual exchange by engaging both faculty and students in meaningful programmes.

“We are trying a different model from the ‘branch campus’ strategy,” said President Bollinger. “Our goal is not to replicate the kind of instruction we can offer in New York; we are here to learn by focusing on research projects and partnerships with local universities, organizations, and governments that can have an impact on both local needs and global challenges faced by many nations and regions.”

During the visit, Her Majesty also toured the centre’s facilities and met with trainees who completed social training courses which include the University’s School of Social Work which offers training programs for front-line social service workers and managers in Jordan to share new methodologies and learn about local challenges.

Other programmes include the Columbia Teachers College which has been working for almost two years to upgrade the skills of public school teachers in Jordan in partnership with Her Majesty Queen Rania Al Abdullah. Furthermore, Queen Rania joined students and faculty from Columbia’s Graduate School of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation to discuss a restoration initiative aimed at preserving a historic site in downtown Amman.

Prior to the conference, Her Majesty chaired the inaugural Advisory Board Meeting where members discussed CUMERC’s strategy and programmes as well as innovative methodologies needed to tackle 21st century challenges such as sustainable development, climate change and education.

His Excellency Prime Minister Nader Dahabi, in remarks this afternoon, noted that hosting the new Columbia initiative advances Jordan’s commitment to improving the nation’s education system. He added that, like any good teacher, he was giving a homework assignment to Columbia to generate even more ideas for future partnerships. “We want more collaboration. Together we will create labs for problem-solving.”

 After Her Majesty’s opening remarks, a panel of experts discussed sustainable development in the Middle East. The panel featured Rajenda K. Pachauri, director of the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which shared the Nobel Prize for peace in 2007; Jeffrey D. Sachs, director of Columbia’s Earth Institute; Sheikh Salem Bin Khalid Al Qassimi, associate planner for the Abu Dhabi Urban Planning Council in the United Arab Emirates; and Alessandra Giannini, associate research scientist at Columbia’s Earth Institute.

“We’re at a juncture when the global economy is expected to contract for the first time in more than 60 years, and nations are starting to retrench in protectionist mindsets,” said Safwan Masri, director of the Center. “We can’t afford that type of isolation because the challenges we face—political, economic, and environmental—require truly global solutions, and they require smart people to work together in entirely new ways. And that’s what we hope to do here in Amman. That’s the model of the Global Centers.”

Later in the afternoon, there was a panel discussion surveying perspectives on the Obama presidency, moderated by Rashid Khalidi, professor of Arab studies at Columbia. Joining the discussion are Alan Brinkley, provost of Columbia; Lisa Anderson, provost of American University in Cairo and former dean of Columbia’s School of International and Public Affairs; Daniel C. Kurtzer, former U.S. ambassador to Egypt and to Israel, and current chair of Middle East studies at Princeton; and Jim Muir, BBC’s Middle East correspondent.

The Amman center will leverage the university’s diverse intellectual capacities from across the liberal arts and professional schools, including independent Columbia affiliates Teachers College and Barnard College. Another Columbia Global Center officially opened this week in Beijing, China. To maintain and build on its already active international presence, Columbia envisions the future establishment of four to six additional research centers abroad in the years ahead.

Columbia Global Centers are being established with the goal of encouraging new collaboration across academic disciplines at Columbia and with other universities. Some of the research and scholarly initiatives will be regionally focused; others will involve multiple centers, and in some instances the full complement of centers will be engaged across many continents. The centers are also intended to support a significant expansion of opportunities for Columbia students and researchers to do work abroad, with the flexibility to pursue long or short term projects.

About Columbia University

A leading academic and research university, Columbia University continually seeks to advance the frontiers of knowledge and to foster a campus community deeply engaged in understanding and addressing the complex global issues of our time. Columbia’s extensive public service initiatives, cultural collaborations and community partnerships help define the University’s underlying values and mission to educate students to be both leading scholars and informed, engaged citizens. Founded in 1754 as King’s College, Columbia University in the City of New York is the fifth oldest institution of higher learning in the United States.


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    Default Cost of RAC parts

    Yesterday I had to call out RAC to my Renault Scenic, due to an Ignition Coil that had gone in my 16 valve engine. RAC use and carry Valeo Ignition coils from Euro Car Parts, on the Euro Car Parts website they charge £20 for this part. However at the roadside I am charged around £35 + VAT.

    Does anybody know how these prices are worked out? Surely charging nearly twice the cost for the part is a bit extreme. I only ask, because I expect that the other 2 coils will go soon, if the car doesn't last til its booked in service. Its a known fault on the Renault engine I have apparently.

  2. #2
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    Sorry - This is the part I have had fitted. I even had the box to show where the part came from.

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RACV Royal Pines Resort

Local Area at Royal Pines Resort

RACV Royal Pines Resort is perfectly placed to give you the best of the Gold Coast. It's just 12 minutes' drive from the beaches and shopping of Surfers Paradise. And all the other attractions, from theme parks to the green hills of the hinterland, are within easy reach.

The resort is 32km north of Gold Coast Airport and 80km south of Brisbane International Airport. For guests travelling from Brisbane, the Gold Coast is connected to Brisbane by rail, and Nerang Station is five minutes' drive from the resort.

If driving from Brisbane, follow the Pacific Highway (M1) south to exit 71 (Nerang Broadbeach Rd). After Metricom Stadium, turn left into Ross Street and follow the sign to the overpass to enter Royal Pines Resort.

If driving from Gold Coast Airport, follow the Pacific Highway (M1) north to exit 73 (Nielsen's Road) and take the road east over the overpass. Take the second left into Birmingham Rd, follow this over the Nerang River Bridge and then follow signs to the hotel.

For those wanting to get out and discover the coast, the resort offers a shuttle service loop to Surfers Paradise Q1, Jupiter's Casino & Pacific Fair Shopping Centre.

Please park in the car park directly under the hotel tower.

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electrical technician in dunbar

26 July 2017
jake smith, randstad cpe
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dunbar, scotland
construction & property
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job type
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jake smith, randstad cpe
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job description

Electrical Technician

Are you an experienced Electrical Technician ? Are you looking for a role where you will play a key part in continued growth? Do you want to be apart of a market leading company? If you've answered yes to any of these, keep reading!

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For the purposes of the Conduct Regulations 2003, when advertising permanent vacancies we are acting as an Employment Agency, and when advertising temporary/contract vacancies we are acting as an Employment Business.


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Sweatshirt: Loft (similar) | Skirt: J.Crew (similar) | Heels: Target (similar) | Clutch: TJ Maxx (similar) | Rings: BaubleBar (similar)/Banana RepublicBracelets: Banana Republic/Forever 21 (similar)

This fall, neutrals are my thing, and when pairing neutrals, it’s important to remember texture is key to making an outfit interesting. Despite slightly warmer temps last week, wool and a sweatshirt material make an otherwise summery outfit feel very fall-like. I’ll definitely be copying this look again with black tights and ankle booties come cooler weather.

What are your plans for the weekend? I hope to spend a couple hours swapping out summer clothes in my closet for sweaters and boots. Other than that, a little relaxation and pumpkin pie coffee are in order.

Sweatshirt weather

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Antonis Achilleos
Hands-On Time
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Serves 6

How to Make It

Step 1

Heat oven to 350° F.

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Brush both sides of each pita with some of the oil and sprinkle with the salt. Cut each pita into 6 triangles and transfer to a baking sheet. Bake until golden, about 10 minutes.

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Meanwhile, squeeze the spinach to remove any excess water. In a food processor or blender, puree the spinach and hummus. Spoon into a dish and serve with the pita chips.

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What types of atoms tend to form metallic bonds?

Quick Answer

Metals are the only substances that use metallic bonds among their atoms. While many elements are commonly known as metals, including iron, aluminum, gold, silver and nickel, metals include a variety of other elements as well. Most elements are metals, including some such as sodium, radium and calcium, which may not seem very metallic.

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Full Answer

Metallic bonds are defined as those in which metals share valence electrons. For example, when sodium metallically bonds with itself, each atom is sharing the electrons in the third orbital with up to eight other atoms. The same thing happens when magnesium or other metals metallically bond to themselves.

This type of bond is strong and holds the atoms together securely. This causes metals to have very high melting temperatures and very high boiling temperatures. When a metal melts, the individual atoms lose their strict organization pattern, but the atoms remain bonded together. By contrast, when a metal boils, the atomic bonds break completely.

Some elements are called transitional metals. These types of elements have even higher melting and boiling temperatures than metals do because they share more valence electrons. While metals share electrons in the third orbital, transition metals share third and fourth orbital electrons.

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Business and industry in Norway - The metals industry

Number of companies121
Number of employees14658
This sector’s export share82
Gross product in percentage1,5

The metals industry is one of Norway’s largest export industries. Norwegian companies are also major producers of aluminium and ferro-alloys on a global basis. Norway also produces iron and steel, magnesium, nickel and zinc. The foundries are a part of the metals industry. Many of the companies, such as the aluminium plants at Årdal and Sunndal, were established along with the hydroelectric-power stations.

The metals industry mainly consists of a few large companies, most of which are located in regional Norway. Most of the metals companies are a part of large groups, such as Norsk Hydro, Elkem and Fesil. Foreign owners have gradually become more important to the Norwegian metals industry. The metals markets are sensitive to business cycles, and these companies’ profitability depends on international prices, which fluctuate considerably from year to year, cf the figure on the next page.

Aluminium production makes up the largest part of the Norwegian metals industry. Primary aluminium is produced at seven works around the country, with Norsk Hydro as the largest company in this sector. Norway produces the largest amount of primary aluminium in western Europe, and 80-90 per cent of its output is exported. Aluminium is a light metal that is used as an intermediate product in the manufacture of cars and other means of transport, the construction and packaging industries and for manufacturing electricity-supply cables.

Norway is one of the world’s largest producers of ferrosilicon and silicon-metal. Ferrosilicon is used as an intermediate product in the manufacture of steel. Around 60 per cent of the silicon-metal is used to make aluminium, while the rest is used in the chemicals and electronics markets. Many of the world’s PCs, for example, use semi-conductors made of silicon-metal produced by Elkem.

Norway’s foundries produce end-products and components for other mechanical-engineering industries. Important products include automotive parts, parts for the electronics industry, components for ship equipment and offshore installations, cast-iron furnaces and manhole covers.

Norsk HydroAluminium: primary aluminium and semi-manufactured products; magnesium
Elkem, Fesil, Globe and ErametFerroalloys; intermediate products for use in manufacturing other metals
Fundia, Rautaruukki and CorusSteel; iron reinforcements, ship sections and sheet metal
Falconbridge NikkelverkNickel

LME primary aluminium price (USD/mt)

Metals prices fluctuate considerably. The figure shows the extreme fluctuation in the price of primary aluminium during the 1990s. Source: Norsk Hydro

World's largest producers of primary aluminium, 1999 (1000 metric tons)

Norway produces the largest amount of primary aluminium in western Europe and is one of the world’s largest manufacturers of this metal. Source: US Geological Survey

The metals industry

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Over 350 years in the future mankind has embraced space travel and exploration. We have colonized many worlds and spread ourselves across the galaxy. The Colonial Defense Force (CDF) is responsible for the security of Earth and her colonies, and our only line of defense against the unknown. On March 1st 2368 contact was lost with our most distant colony, located in the Icarus system. Two days later the Dreadnought class spaceship CDF Goliath was dispatched to investigate. Experience the events that transpire as a Marine on the boarding party to the Icarus 3 Space Station and as a pilot returning from another mission a few days later. Discover what happened to the CDF Goliath and why nine days after entering the Icarus system it was finally declared a Ghostship.

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Why Rent-a-Student (Students)

First, we are not for profit. Our founders believe the future is you! The Student. So, any job we are given by employers is paid at the full rate less a small admin fee. We do not charge a fee like most recruitment companies and for that reason we get quality work and higher salaries for students. Some employers actually pay more as they recognize the valuable work we are doing.

So, why use rent-a-student? You may need to work in order to meet educational and living expenses or you feel the experience could be a valuable part of your education. The skills you obtain from working complement your academic performance and communicate to future employers your ability to succeed in a professional setting. Rent-a-Student will also provide you with references should you complete a student job with us (free of charge and gladly).

Studies have shown that students who take part time jobs do just as well or better academically than non-working students and grades improve as students work more hours per week (up to 20). In addition, working students are more likely to complete a degree program than non-workers.

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Please take some time to read about Student Job Safety!

Rent-a-Student does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability, religion, age or veteran status.

26 Responses to “Why Rent-a-Student (Students)”

  1. Comment made by king on Nov 3rd 2013 at 9:39 pm: Reply

    great stuff

    • Comment made by ja1nsa on Nov 6th 2013 at 5:30 pm: Reply

      Thanks King 🙂

  2. Comment made by khulekani mchunu on Nov 4th 2013 at 7:40 am: Reply

    can I be granted a chance to work

  3. Comment made by Given Ngoveni on Nov 4th 2013 at 9:16 am: Reply

    I have Matric, Project Management certificate, Driver’s Licence C1 and computer literacy

  4. Comment made by Nontokozo masanabo on Nov 4th 2013 at 11:34 am: Reply

    How do i become part of students that you help find jobs ?

    • Comment made by ja1nsa on Nov 4th 2013 at 12:26 pm: Reply

      Please email john@rent-a-student.co.za with CV and advise which varsity you are attending. I will sort out from there. Thanks John

  5. Comment made by khaya on Nov 21st 2013 at 12:47 am: Reply

    Are 2014 firstyears allowed work here or is it just varsity students (currently a few days being a post matriculant)

    • Comment made by ja1nsa on Nov 21st 2013 at 5:51 pm: Reply

      Any student or any youth are allowed fine. We are focused on students though.

  6. Comment made by papaholo on Feb 21st 2014 at 12:48 pm: Reply

    I’m trying to apply for instore promotion for huawei but i’m failing can you please help me by telling how can i send my c.v

    • Comment made by John on Feb 22nd 2014 at 8:30 am: Reply

      Hi, yes I tried calling the promoter and no answer? You can send me the CV directly with Title Application – Instore Promoter

  7. Comment made by Tsietsi Mahlaba on Sep 1st 2014 at 1:15 pm: Reply

    I have send my cv to promoter jobs bt i didnt hear any respont frm you, cn u pls hlp me find some job

    • Comment made by John on Sep 1st 2014 at 4:08 pm: Reply

      we work as a not for profit aka – do this for nothing in our free time … so you must look regularly on the website and apply. Good Luck!

  8. Comment made by Bryan Scholtz on Oct 9th 2014 at 7:37 pm: Reply

    Can Matriculants Also Apply For Jobs.Please Help

    • Comment made by John on Oct 10th 2014 at 11:20 am: Reply

      Yes, we prefer over 17 please.

  9. Comment made by ntombikayise on Jan 15th 2015 at 11:47 am: Reply

    I’m looking for any sort of part time job in midrand or nearby ares.
    I’m a student at MGI

    • Comment made by John on Jan 15th 2015 at 12:05 pm: Reply

      Please apply for any jobs you like and take it from there.

  10. Comment made by Queeneth on Mar 11th 2015 at 6:18 pm: Reply

    Rent-a-student seems to be very useful keep it up , we really appreciate it as students.

    • Comment made by John on Mar 13th 2015 at 5:04 pm: Reply

      Thanks – we are trying! J.

  11. Comment made by K on Sep 16th 2015 at 4:53 pm: Reply

    How does one delete their profiles? I can’t seem to find anything that allows students to deactivate/delete their profiles. Please help

  12. Comment made by Sandra Mostert on May 5th 2016 at 1:32 pm: Reply

    Good day
    My daughter is currently 18 and in matric. Can she also apply for partime work with you?

  13. Comment made by asante on Dec 28th 2016 at 8:30 am: Reply

    Hi I need a weekend job around empangeni. Please help

  14. Comment made by Mary-Anne Lebitso on May 9th 2017 at 7:33 am: Reply

    I am looking for an agricultural job around Bloemfontein,Bothaville, Klerksdorp or Johannesburg during the June holidays.

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Pet-Friendly Apartments for Rent in Pocono Lake, PA - 1 Rental available

We found 1 rental within a 5-mile radius of Pocono Lake, PA

We found 2 rentals within a 10-mile radius of Pocono Lake, PA

Looking for a pet-friendly apartment to rent in Pocono Lake, PA? We know home is where someone runs to greet you. By browsing RENTCafé’s extensive inventory of verified rental listings, you’ll find a great pet-friendly home for you and your four-legged companion in no time, whether you’re a dog or a cat person. Use the Pet Policy filter to narrow down your Pocono Lake, PA apartment search and sniff out the best communities where your feline or canine friend will be more than welcome. Explore 1 pet-friendly apartments for rent in Pocono Lake, PA and submit your rental application today!

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Gregory Cresent, SE9 - Rentify

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Average rents on Gregory Cresent range from between £1,200 to £2,000 per month depending on the size of the property, but invariably this area provides a high quality of housing stock to landlords and tenants alike.

Home > London Property Insights > Greenwich > Gregory Cresent

Gregory Cresent SE9

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Property statistics & a breakdown of the types of property in Greenwich

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Local transport

  • Tfl buses
    Newmarket Green 152m
    BUS | 124
  • Tfl buses
    Newmarket Green 173m
    BUS | 160, 660
  • Tfl buses
    Newmarket Green 184m
    BUS | 124, 160, 660
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    The Vista 213m
    BUS | 124
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    The Vista 222m
    BUS | 124
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    Campfield Road 325m
    BUS | 160, 660
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Local schools

  • Eltham College
  • Middle Park Primary School
  • New Lodge Riding Centre
  • Eltham Hill School
  • Happy Child - Mottingham Day Nursery (Part of the Treetops Family)
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Local places of interest

  • Park Inn Meal takeaway
  • Goals Cafe
  • Mecca Eltham Hill Bar
  • Jolpai Indian Cuisine Restaurant
  • BP Gas station

Gregory Cresent is in the London borough of Greenwich.

Property in Greenwich is mainly made up of apartments, making it ideal for landlords looking to invest in detached, although a less hospitable street for tenants seeking properties of that type.

Rent values are high in Greenwich, compared to the rest of the London.

"Greenwich is popular with commuters working in the City and Canary Wharf thanks to quick transport links, and the arrival of Crossrail will only send demand sky-rocketing."

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Find out how Rentify can help landlords to make the most of their property by speaking to a Property Specialist today:

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Main Publications Overview

Reston Association produces a variety of materials to help keep residents informed. Electronic versions of RA's general news publications can be found on this page. In addition, the association also publishes a weekly newsletter (RA News) that is emailed to subscribers every Friday. Click here to view past editions of RA News or go to the bottom of any page on this website to sign-up for a free email subscription. Simply type in your email address into the box under "Join Our Mailing List."

Welcome to Reston


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59°Mostly Cloudy

Leukemia & Lymphoma Society ‘Light the Night’ Event Coming Friday to Reston

by RestonNow.com — October 10, 2017 at 11:30 am 0

The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society’s “Light the Night” Walk will take place Friday night at Reston Town Center. Event festivities will start at 5 p.m., with the 1.5-mile walk to go off at 7.

Light the Night walks are organized to raise funds in support of the mission of the LLS, which is to cure leukemia, lymphoma, Hodgkin’s disease and myeloma, and improve the quality of life of patients and their families.

According to the LLS:

The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society’s Light the Night Walk funds treatments that are saving the lives of patients today. LLS is making cures happen by providing patient support services, advocating for lifesaving treatments and pioneering the most promising cancer research anywhere. And it’s all happening now. Not someday, but today. Each year friends, families and coworkers form teams to raise money in support of our mission.

Residents interested in participating in the event can do so by registering to walk, donate to a team or individual, sponsoring, volunteering or just coming out to show their support.

Friday’s event in Reston is one of three scheduled for the National Capital region. Others will be Saturday in Rockville and Saturday, Oct. 21 on the National Mall in DC. It is one of about 150 events scheduled across the United States and Canada.

Subscribe to our mailing list


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Ocal LRELL3X36-G PVC Coated 90° GRC Elbow, 3", 36" Radius

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Pakistani Taliban Say They Are Holding Swiss Hostages

Pakistan's Taliban say they are holding two Swiss tourists hostage.

The deputy head of the militant group, Wali-ur Rehman, said on July 29 that the hostages would be released if the United States freed a female Pakistani scientist convicted of trying to kill U.S. security officials in Afghanistan.

The Swiss couple were kidnapped a month ago while on holiday in the remote province of Baluchistan.

In a separate incident, police say gunmen on July 29 killed seven passengers and wounded another 12 people at a bus terminal on the outskirts of Quetta, in Baluchistan province.

compiled from agency reports


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Industry tackles valuation anxieties

The financial crisis and the resulting loss of liquidity in many markets has made it much harder to ascertain the fair value of certain illiquid instruments, according to John McCann, managing director at Trinity Fund Administrators.

He points to exotic derivatives traded in the over-the-counter markets to illustrate his point. "With some of these derivatives the only market you have in terms of price is between the banks themselves. When that market dries up and there is limited or no volume ac

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Standard Chartered boosts global ABS team

Rahul Arora joins the bank as managing director responsible for all non-origination related aspects of the business in the United States. Previously, he worked at Banc of America Securities, where he spent six years in a variety of conduit and capital markets roles in the securitisation group. Arora will initially be based in the US and will report to Martin Essenburg, global head of asset securitisation.

In London, Standard Chartered has hired Peter Dow and Nicholas Winther as director and associate, respectively. Dow joins the bank from WestLB, where he was product manager in the ABS and principal finance teams involved in the distribution of ABS and MBS throughout the European institutional investor market. At Standard Chartered, he will be responsible for building the bank’s ABS and MBS global distribution capabilities, and will report to Arora.

Winther joins the bank from JP Morgan Chase, where he spent six years and was involved in ABS transactions for the emerging markets and the corporate real estate sectors, as well as project finance and syndicated finance activities for Europe and the Middle East. At Standard Chartered, he will report to Noel Edison, head of asset securitisation for emerging Europe, Africa, Middle East and South Asia.

“Since the formation of the ABS team last year, we have made significant progress in expanding our presence across our key markets," said Essenburg. "We have now started to strengthen the team with the hires of additional experienced industry practitioners, who will play an important part in bringing our business to the next level."

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Women Shoes & boots

Step stylishly into the new season with our autumn/winter edit of women’s shoes and boots. Put your best foot forward in sleek barely there sandals, classic court shoes and bold block heel boots. Preppy loafers are your work BFF while sporty trainers help nail the athleisure trend of the moment.

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Rockbox.org home
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Rockbox mail archive

Subject: Re: ID3 Database = Rockbox crash

Re: ID3 Database = Rockbox crash

From: Thomas C R Spurden <thomasspurden_at_gmail.com>
Date: 2005-12-12

On Mon, 12 Dec 2005 10:04:17 +0100 (CET)
Daniel Stenberg <daniel@rockbox.org> wrote:

> On Mon, 12 Dec 2005, Nicolas GIF wrote:
> > I tried to make a db fot only one album, without any special chars
> > nor very long titles and Rockbox freeze too.
> And what about if you try that in the simulator?
> The db code is unmaintained and buggy. There just doesn't seem to be
> anyone interested enough to grab the baton.

The simulator outputs the following when I load the database and go to
the file view:
db_load() table: 0 extra: 0x0 firstpos: 0
dbload table root
zsh: segmentation fault ./rockboxui

When I re-ran it with gdb attached I noticed that the database display
seemed to work. I set the display to 'supported', then back to the
database, backtrace attached.

Hope that is some help.

Thomas C R Spurden  (0xBB944725)

Received on Mon Dec 12 12:47:29 2005

Page was last modified "Jan 10 2012" The Rockbox Crew


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Rockbox.org home
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Rockbox mail archive

Subject: Re: Some Questions re iPod and iPod

Re: Some Questions re iPod and iPod

From: KANE BROLIN <kbrolin65_at_gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 25 Mar 2008 20:02:47 -0400

Speaking to Hussein's questions about charging the iPod:

I've taken to booting my iPod into the Apple firmware before plugging it
into my computer and either charging or transferring files. I always do
this now--not because it wasn't charging if last used in Rockbox mode, but
for another reason.

I found that after re-formatting and copying all desired files to my iPod,
my directories would be corrupted and gradually become unusable over a span
of just one or two weeks if I tried to delete, move, and copy files or
recharge via USB while my iPod had been booted into Rockbox. Since always
making sure I'm in the Apple firmware first, I've not had this problem
again. I'm using a fifth generation 30 GB Video.

Received on 2008-03-26

Page was last modified "Jan 10 2012" The Rockbox Crew


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Girls Room: Slat Full Beds

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Why Buy a Girls Full Slat Bed from Rooms To Go?

Sometimes, kids get tired of waiting to grow up, no matter how much we want them to stay young. At Rooms To Go, we offer girls full slat beds that will make your child feel all grown up, even if she just wishes she were. Constructed of sturdy wood solids and beautiful veneers, each bed comes with a hint of sophistication that typically appeals to people with refined taste in furniture. Choose from a variety of classic colors and wood tones, A girls full slat bed from Rooms To Go does more than just support your child comfortably as she sleeps; it gives her the opportunity to show off her new sense of grown-up style.

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Home » Jewelry & Watches » Fashion Jewelry » Earrings

Pair of Graceful Geometric Hollow Out Earrings Jewelry For Women - Silver

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Earring Type: Drop Earrings
Gender: For Women
Style: Trendy
Shape/Pattern: Geometric
Weight: 0.050kg
Package: 1 x Earring (Pair)

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HUF Tie Dye Plantlife Crew Socks - Black

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  • Ankle Socks
  • Full Weed Leaf Design
  • Thick Soled
  • Layered Heel and Toe
  • Jacquard Knit Pattern

These tie dye HUF Plantlife Socks feature a white all over woven weed leaf pattern. The plantlife range of HUF socks are crew length with a layered heel and toe and a jacquard knit pattern.

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Zero Cold War DVD

£14.95 £4.95 (Save £10.00)

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If you are not completely satisfied with your purchase, simply return the items to us in their original condition and packaging within 100 days of receipt of your order for either an exchange of product or a refund. Click here to see our full returns information

Zero "Cold War" is available now on DVD complete with plenty of behind the scenes and bonus features. True to form, this latest video from Jamie Thomas and the boys is a no nonsense thrill ride of very dangerous maneuvers performed at break-neck speed and accompanied by good old rock 'n' roll to boot.

Jamie Thomas
Tom Karangelov
James Brockman
Tommy Sandoval
Chris Cole
Tony Cervantes
Ben Hatchell
John Rattray
Dane Burman

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I have bought it as a Christmas present for a skateboarding lad

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Doggy Day Care in Fredericksburg, IA

Drop off your dog at your sitter's home in the morning, and pick them up in the evening.

We couldn't find any sitters that matched your criteria.

Try changing your search criteria or updating your location.

1. Eric

Great with dogs .

Laporte, IA, 50651

Dog Boarding, House Sitting, Drop-In Visits, Doggy Day Care, Dog Walking

1 repeat client

"Eric is such a great person . He loves dogs and is so good and patient with them. He loves to walk, play, and spend time with them. I strongly recommend him. (more)"

Experience exceptional service and a personalized match

From start to finish, we'll handle all the details for you.

Learn About Premier

Don't let your 9-to-5 stop you from being a great pet parent. When you're heading to work, drop off your beloved pet with a loving dog sitter near you. Your dog will get the love and care they're used to at home, and you'll get photo updates and the peace of mind that comes from finding great care for your pet. We're proud to offer a wide range of pet care, including puppy day care and pet day care for all kinds of pets. We know you love your pets, but you can't always be there, which is where our loving sitters come in. Forget kennels, find a loving neighbor who will give your dog the one-on-one attention they deserve. That way, when you head to work, you know your dog's in good hands.


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Dog Walkers in Stone Creek, OH

Book a dog walker to give your dog a 30-minute walk around your neighborhood.

1. Abbey

5 dogs of my own and they're loved.

Newark, OH, 43055

House Sitting, Drop-In Visits, Dog Walking

"Abbey is the only one to trust with your animals!!!!! She is loving caring and nurturing to all animals! She is the best dog person I know and would highly r... (more)"

2. Michele

Trusting care when you're away

Martins Ferry, OH, 43935

Dog Boarding, House Sitting, Drop-In Visits, Doggy Day Care, Dog Walking

1 repeat client

"I have known Michele for a long time and can tell you that she loves all kinds of animals especially dogs and cats. She is able to let your pet know that sh... (more)"

3. Laura

I'm a dog mom

Brewster, OH, 44613

Drop-In Visits, Dog Walking

About: I do have 3 years of dog training experience. I have had dogs all my life that includes all sizes. I am also the handler for the McKinley bulldogs ... (more)

4. Haley

Animal loving college student

Dover, OH, 44622

House Sitting, Drop-In Visits, Dog Walking

About: I have grown up around animals since I was 2 years old. I have experience taking care of Labradors (personal animal), German Shepards and various o... (more)

5. Katie

Experienced dog caregiver

Richmond, OH, 43944

Dog Boarding, House Sitting, Drop-In Visits, Dog Walking

"Katie has been my one and only go to dog sitter for many months. She has always changed her her schedule to suit me if needed. My dogs absolutely loved her. ... (more)"

6. Emily

Fenced in yard & long walks

New Concord, OH, 43762

Dog Boarding, Drop-In Visits, Doggy Day Care, Dog Walking

5 repeat clients

"Emily is beyond amazing! I honestly cannot say enough good things about her and the amount of professionalism that she brings to her choosen profession. She ... (more)"

7. Andrea

Large fenced in yard!

Uhrichsville, OH, 44683

Dog Boarding, Doggy Day Care

About: My Husband and I live outside city limits. We have 4 dogs and 3 goats, with 60 acres to run! I am obsessed with dogs. My dogs are not only pets, th... (more)

8. Macy

Dogs are my favorite kind of kids!

Coshocton, OH, 43812

Drop-In Visits, Doggy Day Care, Dog Walking

About: I have 4 of my own dogs and know the struggles of being a pet parent. I've had dogs my entire life, and I know how to love them. Dogs are great, bu... (more)

9. Angela

Angela's fur baby daycare and board

Cambridge, OH, 43725

Dog Boarding, House Sitting, Drop-In Visits, Doggy Day Care, Dog Walking

"Zeus was well cared for while we were gone for the day. (more)"

10. Amy

17yrs. Veterinary Assistant

Massillon, OH, 44646

Dog Boarding, Drop-In Visits, Doggy Day Care, Dog Walking

21 repeat clients

"Was very happy with Amy. You can tell that she really cares about your pets and taking care of them. (more)"

11. Cory

Former Groomer intermediate trainer

Massillon, OH, 44646

Dog Boarding, Drop-In Visits, Doggy Day Care, Dog Walking

About: Animal lover trainer of wild beasts(dogs and Parrots) I love to run, and I don't mind cleaning poop up even if it's stuck to a furry ass. I worked ... (more)

12. angela

Lucky Haven Pet Sitting Service

coshocton, OH, 43812

House Sitting, Drop-In Visits, Doggy Day Care, Dog Walking

About: I am like Charlotte's Web Fern ,but my name is Angela. I grew up in the country and still have a country girls heart. I have had pets all my life a... (more)

13. Macy

Doggy Lane

Coshocton, OH, 43812

Dog Boarding, Drop-In Visits, Doggy Day Care, Dog Walking

About: I love dogs! My goal is to be able to watch dogs and board them full time. I currently have four of my own dogs, but they are lovers. They are all ... (more)

14. Jake

Walks and Watches with Jake

Massillon, OH, 44646

Dog Boarding, House Sitting, Drop-In Visits, Doggy Day Care, Dog Walking

About: Hello and thank you for reading, I am a caring animal lover (vegetarian) who treats all pets as if they were my own. I offer mostly leisurely wal... (more)

Experience exceptional service and a personalized match

From start to finish, we'll handle all the details for you.

Learn About Premier

When you book dog walking services on Rover, you'll be able to connect with a dog walker who's a good fit for you, your dog, and your lifestyle. Your walker can provide dog walking updates with start and stop times, a map of their walk with total distance, info about pee, poo, food and water breaks, and photos of your dog in action. Every walk booked through Rover also includes premium pet insurance, 24/7 support, and a reservation guarantee.

You'll also be able to relax when it comes to price, because the cost of dog walking in Stone Creek, OH is surprisingly reasonable. No matter your budget or lifestyle, there's a dog walker on Rover to match your budget. Wondering how much most people pay for Rover dog walking services? The average dog walking rates will give you a good sense of what to expect before checking out the individual dog walkers' rates.

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30 fake universities named & shamed in China

30 fake universities named & shamed in China
China is warning its students to steer clear of fake universities. An information website has published a list of 30 such institutions following the annual college entry exam in June. This is the sixth such list in existence.

Apparently, faking an entire educational institution isn’t all that difficult. And authorities say they’re becoming harder to spot. No less than a dozen provinces and regions – including Beijing and Shanghai  - were mentioned in a list by sdaxue.com, an education information website, according to Xinhua.

Some 30 fake universities were mentioned, compounding an already fat list of 400 since 2013.

The latest list comes courtesy of concerned internet surfers across China who reported the fakes through emails and social media. This was followed by an investigation, according to Xia Xue, founder of sdaxue.com, which was founded in 2013.

The institutions are part of a massive, lucrative market in China, involving criminals tricking prospective students into sending them tuition fees. This is often done by impersonating or closely replicating the names and websites of popular colleges and universities.

However, the scammers have learned their lesson and are now often using much less prominent institutions as blueprints for their own university names and websites. For instance, 22 of the 30 fake colleges on this year’s list sound like existing private institutions offering the national adult education examination – another path to a degree in China.

"It is easy to see through the trick when they fake the names of well-known universities, but it is more difficult to identify if lesser-known institutions are faked," Xia said.

All of this deception is often accompanied by course and department information and pictures pulled directly from existing institutions.

The way the scam works is by sending students payment information slightly earlier than actual schools normally do. Authorities say it’s a unified criminal effort, as the IP address is the same every time, leading the police to Hong Kong.

But it could be said that since the appearance of sdaxue.com, things have been better for the students at risk. Apparently there have been students who would spend years actually studying at dummy colleges, and often finding out only at graduation that they just threw away several years of their lives.

Although a number of students are exploiting the fake educational institutions. Havein trouble with the notoriously difficult Chinese version of the school-leaving exam, they often actively seek out dummy schools to get an easy pass.

Chinese educational authorities are working with police to bring the fraudsters to justice before China’s approximately nine million prospective students file their applications this year.