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Re: Yanmar 2gm2f no start after fueling

You may have developed an air leak in the fuel line somewhere. The crappy plastic tank elbow developed a hairline crack in my boat that drove me nuts until I found it. Vents get clogged by insects, usually spiders making webs in there. It's a good idea to plug them with a rag or tape over in the off season. It takes a LOT of pumping with that little lever, just keep pumping. On my 3GM there is also a second bleeder on the injector pump which is not obvious. The 2GM is probably the same.

Alberg 35: With a philosophical flourish Cato throws himself upon his sword; I quietly take to the ship.

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QuickMick 03-09-2011 10:40 AM

Ive got the title to my boat, but didnt receive seperate documentation regarding registration.... the reg number will never change (at least thats what i was told in TX) and the seller (i thought) was doing the re-registration when title transfer occured. do i need seperate documentation for the registration, or did the title transfer take care of that?

thanks! happy spring!

BubbleheadMd 03-09-2011 10:52 AM

Doesn't Texas require you to place an annual sticker on your hull? If you didn't get one, then registration may not have occurred.

QuickMick 03-09-2011 10:53 AM

stickers already in place.

BubbleheadMd 03-09-2011 10:59 AM

Hm...I take it you're getting by on a valid sticker that was already in place when you bought it?

Well, best thing to do is contact whatever agency in your state is responsible for boat registration and ask them who they show the boat registered to. (In Maryland, that's the DNR)

overbored 03-09-2011 11:41 AM

Here's a link. I beleive you have to register it, the old owner can't do that for you.
TPWD: Boat Ownership – Titles and Registration

gulfcoastcruiser 03-09-2011 12:02 PM

If you filled out the TXPWD Form 143 that is all you need to do.

Is the title in your name? They don't issue a new reg sticker until the current one expires. Stickers are good for 2 years.

sawingknots 03-09-2011 01:15 PM

it depends on the state you want to register the boat in,some states don't require a title only a noterized bill of sale

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SailNet Community - Reply to Topic
Caribbean East and West and including the big islands and the east coast of Central America and Northern littoral of S. America

Thread: Florida to Bahamas in May Reply to Thread
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11-18-2014 07:10 PM
Re: Florida to Bahamas in May

Originally Posted by Mario Trottier View Post
Is it safe to cross with a 32 ft Catalina ?
With reasonable care should not be a problem.
11-18-2014 11:44 AM
Re: Florida to Bahamas in May

We had a Catalina 27 anchored with us at Allan's Cay last year. Obviously, they survived the crossing.

11-17-2014 08:14 PM
Mario Trottier
Re: Florida to Bahamas in May

Is it safe to cross with a 32 ft Catalina ?
09-10-2014 05:16 PM
Re: Florida to Bahamas in May

Awesome! I would love to do this route some day!
03-24-2013 07:33 PM
Re: Florida to Bahamas in May

Campuscab you just have to do the math. A simple system. Rhumb line distance/ boat speed, to get time of crossing, TOC X ave gulf stream speed and you can estimate how far north you will be pushed. So start at least that far south of you destination and hope for perfect conditions. Maybe Pumpkin Key??? There is a bunch of info on crossing out there. I have only made one round trip so FWIW. But do pick your window well.
As far as Abacos vs Fla Keys. Well they are different but the Keys in no way "suck". I have the same draft and have had a ball banging around the gulf side of the Keys. Dan S/V Marian Claire
03-24-2013 05:27 PM
campuscab How far south should i go then
03-24-2013 03:56 PM
c. breeze
Re: Florida to Bahamas in May

Dinner key marina and grove key marina. Something like that. They are both in coconut grove - right across biscayne bay from no name harbor- well actually like across from key biscayne yacht club. One if those two should be able to launch you. No name to Bimini is alright- but if you are waiting on weather- keep heading south- just to make Bimini an easier shot.
03-24-2013 03:45 PM
The plan

I think I have it figured out. I found a storage place around key Biscayne that I can leave the truck and trailer for a month or two. Leave from no name harbor to Bimini. I need to a Marina with,a lift as a van and a 3.5 keel equal no fun to launch. When I get to Bimini I can plan from there where to go from there.
03-20-2013 11:26 PM
Re: Florida to Bahamas in May

Originally Posted by campuscab View Post
So.where ia the best place tonstage and leave florida from
Depends on 2 things. Where are you going and how well your boat points!

I live in Fort Lauderdale. We exit from Port Everglades and hang a right turn, trying to stay in 25 feet of water (you feel really close to shore) so that we can make our southing. There is usually a southward eddy that gives you 1/2 a knot this close to shore...but that depends on the position of the stream. Watch out for the buoys that line the shore guessed it...25 feet of water You go as far south as you're willing to go, but I tend to make my turn to the east at around Haulover Inlet. I'm usually able to motorsail to bimini from there.

Some people leave Cape Florida light (as they exit No Name Harbor or Nixons anchorage).

People from West Palm tend to head to West End instead of Bimini. Angles are easier.
03-20-2013 11:04 PM
campuscab So.where ia the best place tonstage and leave florida from
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Thread: Best sailing blogs of 2014 Reply to Thread
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12-05-2014 12:33 PM
Boogie Nights
Re: Best sailing blogs of 2014

I post boat and sailing related stuff to my blog. it's approachable, humorous and gives an insight to living aboard a yacht in the UK, as well as racing it offshore.

it's just me and the ships dog living aboard. plus a bunch of other toy characters along for the ride. but plenty of guests and friends call by for a visit.

My dot org status is due to charitable work on and off the water.
visitors are welcomed, if you find yourselves in or near Portsmouth UK, then send me a message and come by to say hello.
we sail all year round.

last weekend was a lap of the Isle Of Wight

in remarkably good weather for the day before december.
12-01-2014 03:27 PM
Re: Best sailing blogs of 2014

Sailing the Rangatira
on the right side there are a list of links for other blogs
Originally Posted by barefootnavigator View Post
I'm looking for the best sailing blogs to add as links on my blog. Please contribute your number one favorite blog, or your own if its awesome.
12-01-2014 01:59 PM
Re: Best sailing blogs of 2014

Mine is not that great.. but it does show me rebuilding my SeaSprite from stem to stern, keel to mast

Sea Sprite 23 ? Flirt | The Restoration and refit of a 1963 Sea Sprite 23
12-01-2014 09:50 AM
Re: Best sailing blogs of 2014

12-01-2014 06:13 AM
Re: Best sailing blogs of 2014

I love.....

Sailing with Totem for a family travelling around the world
Morgan's Cloud for great thought provoking Blue water cruising advice
Windtraveller for good writing

And of course a plug here for our blog.

Sailing with Sophie | An Aussie sailing family

Sophie is my daughter. She had sailed 5000nm by age 2.

We weren't really blog people.....then we started this as a way of family being able to follow us while cruising. Now we try to add our thoughts and experiences on cruising with young children and find it a fun avenue to meet/share information with other cruisers.
11-30-2014 10:33 AM
Re: Best sailing blogs of 2014

While my blog is more of a continuing diary of voyaging in the Caribbean, there is the occasional nice picture interspersed among the chaff in there

Zanshin Blog
11-29-2014 09:02 PM
Re: Best sailing blogs of 2014

Originally Posted by Yachtjuno View Post
Hi another shameless self-publicist!

My blog is Juno. Over 100 entries now.Mostly cruising in the med but also the Caribbean and on our way to the Pacific this year.

Following the ARC here:
ARC as a way to look at how different types of boats sail - Cruisers & Sailing Forums

You are making a great passage congrats If we don't consider the racing Scarlet Oyster or the two 825 you and a Oyster 625 are the best Oyster and going at the same pace with a Cat Fountain Pajot 67 a cat Outremer 49 or a Swan 62RS with an Oyster 575...Chapeau

But in what regards Blogging, I am better 85262 in six months.

11-29-2014 02:14 PM
Re: Best sailing blogs of 2014

Unless you actually do a sailing blog I don't think you realise how much thought and time has to go into it. Sometimes it is really hard word.

Cygnus III | Sailing blog of liveaboards cruising around the world
11-29-2014 11:01 AM
Re: Best sailing blogs of 2014

I am partial to mine

captaincurran dot com

this is a collection of mini sailing adventures from Alaska to Mexico - and I pepper in a bunch of 'How to..' maintenance tips.

Thanks for linking up!
09-07-2014 09:36 AM
Re: Best sailing blogs of 2014

Hi another shameless self-publicist!

My blog is Juno. Over 100 entries now.Mostly cruising in the med but also the Caribbean and on our way to the Pacific this year.

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Smile Hope you're still looking for crew in the DC area?

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Welcome to the website of the Graduate (MA) Program in History at Salisbury University.

Our program offers students the opportunity to undertake advanced coursework in many areas of U.S. and world history, and is especially strong in the study of the Chesapeake Bay region. Graduate seminars on specialized topics are taught by a diverse and world-class faculty, who will help students acquire the skills and theoretical foundations for conducting professional historical research. Small classes afford individualized attention and faculty support. The scope and rigor of the program furnishes an excellent foundation for those interested in continuing their studies at the Ph.D. level. Evening offerings give teachers and other nontraditional students an invaluable opportunity for ongoing education and career development.

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Inside Salk; Salk Insitute
Home > News & Press > InsideSalk > 01|14 Issue > The science of healthy aging

The science of healthy aging

Martin Hetzer, Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte, and Jan Karlseder

Martin Hetzer, Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte, and Jan Karlseder

What was Ernest Juller's secret? In his 97 years, Juller was rarely sick, hardly saw a doctor and, until the very end of his life, remained healthy, active and a gardener of particular persistence. Was it his daily glass of white wine? Was it his regular leisurely walks in the Austrian forest? Or maybe his exceptional vitality stemmed from the same tenacity that kept him, year after year, attempting to grow an alpine forest in lowland Austria.

"He lived in a region situated at a much lower altitude than Alpine plants typically grow," recalls Juller's grandson, Jan Karlseder, a professor at the Salk Institute. "He was never completely successful with his Alpine garden, but that didn't deter him. He was a botany professor, and he loved mountain plants. It's impossible to say exactly what kept him healthy and active for so long—maybe it was good genes. If so, I hope he passed them on."

For most of us, explaining the mystery of people like Juller, who live remarkably long and healthy lives, is a matter of making casual observations. We catalog aspects like diet, exercise, sleep and other salubrious elements of a person's life as we attempt to identify their formula for success. For Karlseder and other scientists at Salk, however, deciphering the secrets of healthy aging is a full-time occupation. Equipped with cutting-edge scientific tools, such as high-resolution imaging, whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics, they are exploring how our bodies age at the molecular level. Line by line, they are filling in the blueprint for the biological mechanisms that maintain our cells and organs, repair damage from injuries and fend off diseases as we get older.

The science of aging has never been more important. Currently, about 40 million Americans are over 65, and by 2030 those numbers are expected to grow to more than 72 million. As the proportion of older people rises, so too does the incidence of age-associated disease, with its attendant personal, social and economic costs. Largely as a result of this trend, healthcare spending is expected to increase by 25 percent by 2030, and Medicare spending will grow from $555 billion in 2011 to $903 billion in 2020.

Makoto Hayashi, Anthony Cesare and Jan Karlseder

From left: Salk scientists Makoto Hayashi, Anthony Cesare and Jan Karlseder

It is against this backdrop that the Salk Institute has launched its Healthy Aging Initiative as part of the Campaign for Salk, the Institute's first-ever major fundraising campaign. Through support for research on aging, the initiative seeks to explain why aging is the number-one risk factor for conditions such as neurodegeneration, cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. But Salk scientists aren't just asking why aging often leads to illness. The initiative is also a crucial step in developing therapies that target the causes—not just the symptoms—of such diseases and disabilities.

"Every person's medical history stems from a mix of genes, lifestyle and environment, but what we want to find are the common factors—at the molecular, cellular and organismal levels— that allow some people to remain robust late into life," says Karlseder, the holder of Salk's Donald and Darlene Shiley Chair. "If we understand these mechanisms, these programs that run our cells and organs, we can use them to help increase the human 'healthspan,' the length of time people stay healthy during their lifetimes."

Karlseder's research centers around telomeres—complexes that cap the ends of chromosomes, the structures that contain our DNA. Telomeres help protect and repair our cells, and they play a central role in cellular aging by shortening every time a cell divides, a molecular method of marking time. When telomeres become too short, they signal the cell to stop dividing and self-destruct, making way for new cells.

Telomeres are also involved in DNA repair, a process by which cells fix damage done from normal physiological wear and tear and environmental factors such as UV light. Because tumors attack the body by bypassing these safeguards, scientists are also actively studying telomeres' involvement in cancer.

Recent discoveries by Karlseder's team explain how telomeres serve as sentries, keeping cells operating in an orderly fashion and protecting our bodies from cells containing damaged DNA. In one study, they showed that telomeres begin to degrade rapidly when a cell takes too long to divide—a sign of genetic damage. This sends a warning signal that tells the cell to shape up or ship out: repair its DNA or self-destruct. It is a crucial check on cellular growth that prevents cells with damaged DNA from propagating. In another experiment, the scientists found that telomeres act as anchors that organize chromosomes as a cell divides. Under a microscope, they observed that telomeres move to the outer edge of a cell's nucleus after the chromosomes are duplicated during cell division.

"Our cells aren't simply bags containing an unorganized mix of chemicals, but rather are complex three-dimensional machines, in which the gears and wires are made up of molecules," Karlseder says. "What we found suggests that telomeres don't just protect our cells; they help orchestrate this molecular machinery in the nucleus, which is the cell's control center."

In fact, Karlseder believes that telomeres may play a central role in controlling how our cellular programming—the genetic "software" that runs our cells—changes as we get older. The code that runs these programs is stored in our DNA sequences and in a collection of extra-genetic chemical markers known as the epigenome, which can turn genes on and off, thereby guiding cellular function. Integrated into the chromosomes that house and organize these codes, telomeres are well placed to influence how cells behave.

Martin Hetzer and Emily M. Hatch

Martin Hetzer, professor, Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory and Emily M. Hatch, research associate

"The more we learn about telomeres," Karlseder says, "the more they appear to affect gene expression profiles and how the genome morphs over time. By understanding these mechanisms and learning how to influence them, we may be able to intercede in the genomic and epigenomic programming that changes with aging. The idea would be to bolster the cellular programs that protect and renew our bodies and stifle those that lead to premature aging."

The research of Martin Hetzer, another Salk professor studying the cellular roots of aging, focuses on another important component of a cell's nucleus: the molecular gates, known as nuclear pores, that allow the genetic control center inside the nucleus to communicate with the cellular machinery outside the nucleus, in the region known as the cytoplasm. These pores also protect the valuable genetic material from toxins found in the cytoplasm.

Hetzer's team found that nuclear pores of neurons contain certain proteins—which they dubbed extremely long-lived proteins (ELLPs)— that have a remarkably long lifespan. While most proteins last a total of two days or less, the researchers identified ELLPs in the rat brain that were as old as the organism. This was the first time scientists had discovered an intracellular component made up of molecules of this age, and their results suggested that the proteins lasted an entire lifetime without being replaced.

The longevity of ELLPs may help explain in part why brain function often declines as people age. Previous studies by Hetzer's group showed that the nuclear pores weaken over time, allowing proteins to leak from the cytoplasm into the inner sanctum of the nucleus. For instance, in older cells a protein called tubulin, which should be found only in the cytoplasm, gums up the nucleus with long filaments. Associated with several neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's, the filaments are found in the substantia nigra of many Parkinson's patients, the part of the brain that is involved in dopamine production and that is affected by the condition.

"What we think is happening is that ELLPs deteriorate over the years and aren't replaced, which leads to dysfunction and vulnerability," says Hetzer, who holds the Jesse and Caryl Philips Foundation Chair. "It's as if you regularly take your car in for routine maintenance, but one critical component was never replaced or repaired. Eventually, that part will stop working, and that will have a cascade of effects, causing the whole engine to go haywire."

The deterioration of proteins may extend beyond malfunctioning nuclear pores. Unlike cells of the skin or other high-turnover areas of the body, most of our neurons stay with us our whole lives. Other important components of neurons may contain ELLPs and thus may be similarly prone to wear and tear. In addition to being embedded in the membrane surrounding the nucleus, ELLPs are found on the plasma membrane, the outermost surface of the cell. They are also part of the chromatin, the bundles of DNA and proteins found inside the nucleus, which help to organize and control the function of a cell's genetic operations. In each case, ELLPs serve a vital role in coordinating the dizzying array of cellular activity that keeps our nervous system healthy.

"The reason we keep neurons so long is that it's important to have consistency; otherwise we wouldn't be able to learn and remember or to respond quickly to our environment," Hetzer says. "If we had to replace neurons all the time, it would constantly interfere with our ability to function in the world. But stability comes at a cost: it tests the durability of those neurons. We know that genetic activity changes with age, and we think that results in part from deterioration of nuclear pores and other longlived cellular components."

Emmanuel Nivet and Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte. Seated: Ignacio Sancho Martinez

From left: Emmanuel Nivet and Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte. Seated: Ignacio Sancho Martinez

Like Karlseder, Hetzer is curious why some elderly people seem relatively unaffected by aging, while others suffer from, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative disorders. Through fully understanding how certain people maintain normal function and ward off disease, his team hopes to identify and possibly bolster genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that protect us as we age.

Other Salk scientists, such as Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte, holder of the Roger Guillemin Chair, are looking to our most immature cells to explain what it means to get old. Izpisua Belmonte's lab studies how stem cells differentiate and give rise to over 200 cell types that constitute the human body. This research not only helps explain how our bodies maintain and heal themselves, but also offers the possibility of using stem cells in regenerative medicine.

In one study, Izpisua Belmonte's team generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from skin cells obtained from patients with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, a condition which causes them to age eight to ten times faster than the rest of us. The Salk scientists then differentiated the stem cells into smooth muscle cells displaying the telltale signs of vascular aging. In addition to providing insight into Hutchinson-Gilford progeria, the study offered a new method for studying age-related disease in the laboratory at an accelerated pace.

More recently, Izpisua Belmonte's group used iPSCs to generate neurons that exhibited characteristics of Parkinson's disease due to mutant genes inserted into the cells' DNA. This allowed them to study the molecular underpinnings of the disorder in the laboratory, overcoming the difficulty of obtaining human neurons for experiments. His lab is also using iPSCs to study Werner syndrome, a premature aging condition that more closely resembles normal aging, compared to Hutchinson-Gilford progeria. Using these laboratory models, he and his team are studying the links between genetic instability, aberrant epigenetic signatures and cellular aging. Like Karlseder and Hetzer, Izpisua Belmonte emphasizes that studying the normal process of aging is crucial to understanding how things can go wrong.

"Pluripotent stem cells give rise to all the tissues and organs in our bodies, and stem cells continue to repair and replace old cells throughout our lives," he says. "If we know precisely how this happens—the exact molecular mechanisms— we might be able to boost this capacity for self-healing."

Karlseder offers Ernst Juller as an example of what could become the norm if the science unravels the mysteries of healthy aging. "Obviously, advances in science and medicine have played a large role in helping us live longer," says Karlseder. "Now we need to focus on keeping us healthy longer. My aspiration is to stay as healthy as my grandfather as I get older, and I think the science we're doing now can help make that happen."


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Brazil 1-1 Chile: Hosts win 3-2 in dramatic penalty shootout

Júlio César was at the centre of Brazil's celebrations
Brazil won this World Cup second-round match on penalties after a close encounter with Chile.

The hosts took the lead through David Luiz's first goal for his country. Neymar's corner was flicked on by Thiago Silva and Luiz redirected the ball into the net with his knee.

But Chile equalised when Hulk lost the ball to Eduardo Vargas, who fed Alexis Sanchez and the Barcelona man delivered a precise finish into the bottom left corner.

In the second half, Hulk had a goal disallowed and received a booking after the assistant referee adjudged the Zenit St Petersburg player to have controlled the ball with his right arm.

Brazil's second booking was picked up by Luiz Gustavo and it rules him out of the quarter final.

Brazil continued to create plenty of chances but did not have the cutting edge needed to dispatch Chile. Fred could not pick up where he left off with his goal against Cameroon and his replacement, Jô, was similarly toothless in attack.

The hosts could have been punished for not taking their chances when, in extra time, Chile substitute Mauricio Pinilla crashed a shot against the crossbar from the edge of the box after beating Thiago Silva.

When the game went to penalties, Brazil goalkeeper Júlio César quickly made himself a hero, with fine saves from Pinilla and Sanchez.

But a nervous-looking Willian dragged his penalty past the left post and Hulk hit his down the middle, Claudio Bravo saving with his feet.

When Marcelo Díaz scored Chile's fourth to level it all up, a nervous silence spread around Mineirão.

The poster boy of the World Cup, Neymar, then stepped up and didn't let his country down with his cool finish.

Chile's Gonzalo Jara struck the right post with his effort, sending his side out, and Brazilians into delirious celebrations.

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Toll Free 866-SHIP-SDM (866-744-7736) Mention service code 1ZP-XB9Y Hours

    Electro-Voice EVID 4.2 Surface Mount Speaker System

    8 ohms. Max SPL 115dB. 4-inch speakers. Shown in Black finish.
    Product Rated 8.8 Out of 10 (2 ratings)
    The fastest way to the lowest price, guaranteed!
    Found a lower price? We'll beat it, fast.
    Call 866-SHIP-SDM (866-744-7736) with service code 1ZP-XB9Y

    Web Item #ELVEVID42

    ElectroVoice EVID42 Personal Monitor

    More Resources

    Manuals and Documents: Manual
    Electro-Voice Warranty: Electro Voice Warranty Electro-Voice offers the following warranties: 5 years on speakers; 3 years on electronics; and 2 years on microphones. If you have additional warranty questions, please call the manufacturer at 800-289-0096
    In Stock | Will Ship Today
    • 2 Day: $12
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    60-Day Return Policy Applies on This Item - Get it shipped today and if it isn't perfect, send it back!

    Payment Options We DO NOT COLLECT TAX except on orders shipped to New Jersey.

    Electro-Voice EVID 4.2 Dual 4" 2-Way Surface-Mount Loudspeaker Product Description

    The EVID42 is perfect for a variety of environments where full-range audio is needed but space is limited: restaurants, bars, bistros, department stores, and out door venues. Offering the bass response of a much larger speaker, dual 4-inch woofers make the 4.2 a phenomenal performer. The 1-inch waveguide coupled titanium tweeter delivers controlled clean mids and highs. Combine it with the 12.1 subwoofer for an amazing listening experience. Full system protection and EV's unique Strong-Arm Mount(tm) (SAM) make the EVID 4.2 a solid choice in any environment.

    EVID Systems

    The ID in EVID is for innovative design of high quality foreground/background music systems. 13 models comprise the EVID series. Four surface mount speakers include the 6.2 with dual 6-inch LF drivers and a 1-inch Ti /waveguide, the 4.2 with dual 4 in. LF drivers and a 1-inch Ti /waveguide, the 3.2 with dual 3 in. LF drivers with a .75 in. Ti direct radiator. The 12.1 and 12.1p subwoofers are designed to augment and extend the fullrange model's low frequency response and completes the line.

    Featuring fully sealed enclosures, the FM4.2 and FM6.2 provide consistent performance when mounted in any style room and their sealed enclosures dramatically reduce adjacent room sound leakage.

    Six ceiling speaker models comprise the EVID line and include the compact powerful C4.2, The C8.2 and 8.2LP high output models, the C8.2HC controlled coverage high ceiling model, the C12.2 12-inch high performance system and the C10.1 high performance ceiling subwoofer.

    Surface Mount Systems With Innovation

    EVID surface mount speakers are not just another box, or trapezoidal system, EVID is different. It's unique design concept combines style with audio performance for several benefits. An aesthetic design using organic curves fits into many decors and themes, it does not look like a traditional loudspeaker. This allows better integration for a more invisible sound system, while not distracting from a commercial or theme environment. All models all available in black or white, and can easily be painted the match the decor.

    Ceiling Systems For Every Application

    EVid ceiling speaker systems are high performance, easy to install, visually attractive systems designed for background/foreground audio support in a wide variety of applications such as retail storefronts, hotels, auditoriums, office spaces and shopping malls. EVid systems offer specific, tailored acoustic solutions for these applications through their unique design.

    NOTE: Includes SAM system and hex key.

    Same Day Music is an authorized dealer of Electro-Voice products.

    Electro-Voice EVID42 Technical Description

    Frequency Response (-10dB): 65 - 20000 Hz

    Sensitivity 1W/1m: 89 dB

    Max. SPL / 1m (calc): 115 dB

    Coverage (nominal -6dB): H degrees - 120 degrees

    Coverage (nominal -6dB): V degrees - 80 degrees

    Nominal Impedance (Passive): 8 Ohms

    Minimum Impedance: 6 Ohms

    Color: Black

    Color: White

    Input Connections: Spring Terminal

    Outdoor: Yes

    Chassis Size: 4 inches

    Internal Crossover: Yes

    Speaker Type: Fullrange, Mid-High, Two-Way

    Weight Net: 3.9 kg ( 8.6 lbs )

    Dimensions (HxWxD): 310 x 175 x 216 mm, (12.2 x 6.89 x 8.5 in.)

    Watts: 100//200//400 @ 8 ohms

    Same Day Music is an authorized dealer of Electro-Voice products.
    Shipping Weights and Dimensions
    Black, Pair
    Shipping Weight: 20 lbs
    Shipping Dimensions: 17 x 15 x 12 in

    User Reviews for Electro-Voice EVID 4.2 Dual 4" 2-Way Surface-Mount Loudspeaker

    Product Rated 8.8 Out of 10 (2 ratings)

    2 users have rated this product, but no one has reviewed it yet. To rate this item and/or write a review, click the "Rate It" button.

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3D Stickers - 2.5" x 3.5" - 15 ct.

by Allstar | Item  #: 354354 | Model #:  S-3D |
3D Stickers - 2.5

Price includes shipping
  • $ 45 76
Non-members pay 10% surchargeJoin now!
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Delivery estimates, taxes, and fees are based on ZIP Code. Club Pickup orders are based on your club’s current price and item availability on the day of payment.

About this item

Perfect fit for any sticker and tattoo vending machine!

Each sticker / tattoo is placed into a cardboard folder for easy insertion into a vending machine.

  • Box of 300
  • Display included in each box
  • Complete series in each box

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2.5" x 3.5"

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Standard - 2 to 6 business days

  • Delivery is not available to AK, HI or Puerto Rico

    Warranty Information

    This product is covered by the Sam's Club Member Satisfaction Guarantee.


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Four Seasons Playhouse - Pink

by Step2 | Item  #: 603269 | (23) |
Four Seasons Playhouse - Pink

  • $ 119 86
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About this item

Petite playhouse features a built in floor and fits nicely in small areas!

Four-star quality playhouse is small in scale but big in details: full floor, working dutch door, arch top windows, arched slate roof, and coach light fixtures. The full floor with molded-in tile look helps keep interior clean. Classic columns provide a window view of interior. It has a relaxed interior with two molded in seats and table plus a built-in postal box and pretend mail slot. Eight interior nooks provide space to display small treasures. It also has an electronic doorbell with realistic chime sounds (requires 2 AAA batteries; not included). Bright pink and purple colors appeal to little girls.

  • Full floor
  • Working dutch door
  • Arch top windows
  • Arched slate roof
  • Coach light fixtures
  • 2 molded in seats & table
  • 8 interior nooks
  • Postal box & pretend mail slot
  • Electronic doorbell (requires 2 AAA batteries; not included)
  • Bright pink & purple colors
  • Ages 1 1/2 years +
  • Assembled Country

    Component Country

    USA And Imported

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    Standard - 2 to 6 business days

    Premium - 2 to 4 business days

    Express - 1 to 2 business days

  • Delivery is not available to AK, HI, or Puerto Rico

    Warranty Information

    Member to call 1-800-347-8372 for personal assistance


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Holden Collection End Table

by Whalen | Item  #: 549274 | Model #:  HET | (1) |
Holden Collection End Table

We're sorry, this item is not available in your selected Club.  Check another Club

About this item

  • Stylish design allows for use in any room
  • Cappuccino multi-step finish
  • Matches Holden Collection Guest Chair - Item #: 499134
  • Description

    The Holden End Table features simple styling and beautiful cappuccino finish. This Holden End Table with the classic design can be used in any room. Create your own custom office space with the Holden Guest Chair. Matches Holden Collection Guest Chair - Item#: 499134

  • Cappuccino Finish
  • Matches Holden Guest chair
  • Multi-step finish

    Assembled Country

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    22" W x 22" D x 20" H

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    Standard - 2 to 6 business days

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    This product is covered by the Sam's Club Member Satisfaction Guarantee.


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Teak Chippendale Bench

by Joshua Lane | Item  #: 137459 | Model #:  IT-14790T | (16) |
Teak Chippendale Bench

  • $ 199 86
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Delivery estimates, taxes, and fees are based on ZIP Code. Club Pickup orders are based on your club’s current price and item availability on the day of payment.

About this item

This teak bench is an imaginative outdoor attraction that blends with the beauty of nature.

With its confident simplicity and creative design, this teak bench is a stylish outdoor attraction that blends with the beauty of nature. Constructed of extremely durable 100% teak wood, this comfortable bench is a generous four feet long and perfect for your porch or garden.

  • 100% teak wood
  • For outdoor use
  • Unique back design
  • Easy assembly
  • Naturally rot and decay resistant
  • Dimensions: 48"L x 25 1/2"D x 34"H

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    Standard - 2 to 6 business days

    Warranty Information

    1 year


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Nalpak Video Systems | TP-1141WH Tuffpak Tripod Case with Wheels | TP1141WH
TP-1141WH Tuffpak Tripod Case with Wheels
Part #: TP1141WH
List Price: $384.95

The Tuffpak is rotationally molded from high-density cross-link polyethylene. It takes over an hour to mold a Tuffpak but it's worth it! The Tuffpak comes with 2" of foam in the lid and base to protect your valuable equipment. The model number of each case will indicate its size. The first 2 numbers represent the diameter of the case at its smallest point (where the handles are). Since the case is a polygon, there may be areas that are larger. The second 2 numbers in the model number represent the minimum length (in inches) of the tripod you'll want to put in the case. Since the lid is held in place with an adjustable strap, you can secure the lid with a tripod roughly 5 inches longer than the length indicated by the model number.

The foam in the lid is glued in place. The foam in the base (which is protected from the feet of your tripod by a circular plastic disk) is held in place by detents which have been molded into the base of each case. Key locks can be added as an accessory. The rotational molding process used to form every Tuffpak enables us to produce an extremely durable lightweight case that can withstand even the roughest baggage handlers for a lifetime. Just how tough are rotationally molded products? Well, some products you've probably seen include, gas cans, the big yellow crash barrels found on most of our nations freeways, water tanks, toys, dumpster lids and many other items where durability is mandatory.

Every corner in a Tuffpak has 20% more material than the sidewalls. All of this yields a case so "tuff" that Nalpak stands behind every one of them with their "Guaranteed For Life" guarantee. Tuffpak is resistant to: jet fuel, solvents, moisture, dents, abrasions, shock, cold to -40 degree F and heat to +140 degree F. Some Tuffpak models come equipped with wheels which are permanently attached and protected by "fenders" that are molded into the bottom of the case. No need to remove them (and possibly lose them) or find a place for them in your other bags. The wheels along with the pull handle on the lid make it a snap to move even a heavy load.
Availability: Currently out of stock. Orders will ship in the priority they are received. Your charge card will not be charged until the product ships.
Copyright © 2011 Samy's Camera. The Professional's First Choice. All Rights Reserved.
Price, images, specifications and descriptions of items are subject to change without notice. We are not responsible for typographical or photographical errors.
Rebates & conditions, and expiration dates from manufacturers are subject to their authorization.


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Saturday, May 02, 2009

Rummage sale with hubby...

I went to a church rummage sale today with Gary. I had planned on being there earlier in the day, but job hunting must take priority. So, after applying for a teaching position and copying all the paper work that goes along with THAT task, Gary and I were on our way.

We got to the sale quite late (after 12:00 noon) and as you all know, as far as rummage sales are concerned, the good stuff is gone already. However, the good news is that after 12:00, everything was FREE! Yup, they just wanted to get rid of everything. Gary found a Scott's seed spreader for the lawn (we had one just like it years ago), and I found a pair of Mikasa champagne flute glasses that were brand spankin' new! I just couldn't believe they we still there; they were marked $3.00 initially.

Then...we came across this table. This very red, very primitive table. I think it was originally a prop for a play. It's VERY, and I mean VERY primitive in its design and make. But, being that it was free, Gary wanted it. So, in the trunk it went and to the hardware store we go.

As you can see, it was primed. I wish I had taken the pictures BEFORE it was primed. You would be laughing your head off if you're not already. The table legs are at different angles and roughly cut. We are putting this in the entry way of our house, with the back of the table actually being the front. Now, mind you, we are going to paint this table a sage green and try to paint it or decorate it somehow. If worse comes to worse, I'm going to make a table skirt for it. AND, if it still looks like crap, no harm done. Remember, after all, it was free!

I'll upload the finished pictures as soon as I have them. Wish me luck!

Joanne Huffman said...

Free is fantastic! I look forward to seeing the progress with the table. And I hope you often toast each other with champagne.

bockel24 said...

It´s great (at least in white ;-))

Jan said...

FREE and GREAT LEGS and FREE! I agree..if it looks like crap just toss it. Or put it outside in the garden! But I DO believe you're painting it sage green with some tendrals or swirlies will make it perfect! Can't wait to see the end result!

barbara burkard said...


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Department of

Physics and Biophysics

Physics Major Information Meeting

Event Start DateTuesday, September 14, 2010
Shiley Center for Science and Technology, Room 261
Event Start Time1:00 pm - 2:20 pm
CostCost: free

Are you interested in Physics? If so, join the Department of Physics faculty and majors for a free lunch. Find out more about what majoring in physics is all about and why you should be a physics major.

We will providing some exciting entertainment (made possible by physics), including ice cream made with liquid nitrogen.

Rae Anderson | | (619) 260-8867


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The Journal of San Diego History
Spring 1975, Volume 21, Number 2
James E. Moss, Editor
Thomas L. Scharf, Assistant Editor

A Study of the Location of Mule Hill

General Kearny's Camp After the Battle of San Pasqual

Images from the Article

In 1970 the late Colonel Berkeley R. Lewis of Vista, California, informed the author he believed the presently accepted location of Mule Hill, where General Stephen Watts Kearny's command camped after the Battle of San Pasqual in 1846, was incorrect. Further discussion with Colonel Lewis and Mr. and Mrs. Cloyd Sorensen of Vista, as well as a brief visit to the site, confirmed this view. Following this a detailed study was made, which shows that Mule Hill at present is improperly designated. Of the many people who cooperated in making this study (see appendix III) the following deserve special thanks:

The U.S. Marine Corps, 3rd Aircraft Wing, Fleet Marine Force-Pacific, which took aerial photographs.

The U.S. Marine Corps 5th Marine Expeditionary Brigade Engineers, which furnished skilled operators with metal detection equipment. The City of San Diego, which owns the site and encouraged the investigation.

Mr. Russell E. Belous, then Curator of Western History at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, who supported this study and assisted with the necessary permission.

Mr. George Kritzman, archaeologist, who assisted in the investigation.

General Stephen Watts Kearny led a force of U.S. Dragoons to California, leaving Santa Fe, New Mexico, on 25 September 1846. Known as the Kearny Column, and guided by scout Kit Carson, the troops reached the California border near the present city of Yuma, Arizona, about 22 November 1846.

The Kearny Column, including about 110 officers and men, a pack train, and two small cannon, marched across the desert to Warner's Ranch, about four miles south of the present Warners Hot Springs, arriving there on 3 December 1846. The column rested at Warner's Ranch while messengers were dispatched to U.S. Navy Commodore Robert F. Stockton, commanding a force at San Diego. Late on 4 December a friendly civilian arrived in the Kearny Column camp and reported a hostile Californian force camped to the west. Kearny set out to engage the contingent.

On 5 December the column moved west to Rancheria Santa Maria, where they met U.S. Marine Corps Captain Archibald H. Gillespie, U.S. Navy Lieutenant Edward F. Beal, and thirty men bringing dispatches and mail from San Diego. The arrivals brought information that the Californians were about nine miles west of the Kearny camp. Kearny made a night march in order to engage them early on the sixth of December. From a position above the San Pasqual Valley a scouting party was sent to locate the Californians.

Early on the morning of 6 December the Kearny Column made a disorganized, ill-prepared attack on the Californians. This engagement, known as the Battle of San Pasqual, was fought approximately five miles east of the present city of Escondido and several hundred yards southeast of the present San Pasqual Battlefield Marker. The 200 Californians, commanded by Don Andres Pico, were virtually unharmed, but the Kearny Column suffered 31 casualties, including 18 dead, and Kearny himself was painfully wounded. The Kearny Column limped to camp for the night on a hill immediately northwest of the battlefield.

On 7 December the battered Column marched westward toward San Diego, constantly harrassed by the Californians as it moved. That night Kearny's troop camped on Mule Hill, an accessible and readily defended position located about five miles south of the present city of Escondido.

The Californians easily held the Kearny Column on Mule Hill. While trapped there, Kearny's men burned the baggage they could no longer transport, and were reduced to eating what remained of their animal transport, thereby giving the camp site its name of "Mule Hill." Fortunately the Kearny Column was able to get water from the nearby San Dieguito River (sometimes called Santa Ysabel Creek). The wounded Sergeant Cox of the U.S. Dragoons died at the Mule Hill camp and was buried somewhere nearby.

While the Kearny Column was trapped on Mule Hill, scout Kit Carson and Navy Lieutenant Edward F. Beal slipped through the Californian lines and made their way to San Diego to summon relief. On 11 December 1846 a force of 200 U.S. Marines and sailors from San Diego arrived to relieve the Kearny force on Mule Hill. The Californian force simply melted away. That same day the entire United States force marched to San Diego without further incident.

The location of Mule Hill is partly determined by the route of the Kearny Column's march, but this route was not well described by any of the participants. The site of the Battle of San Pasqual has always been correctly known, and recent fragments of weapons picked up in the area confirm the location. The camp site of the night after the battle is established as being immediately west of the present battlefield marker, and a few ancient medicine bottles of the type used in the 1840s have been found on this hill.

It is known that the Kearny Column headed directly for the old Los Angeles-San Diego trail in order to follow it to San Diego. This road ran parallel to modern U.S. Highway 395 and slightly east of it in this vicinity. A study of maps and aerial photographs reveals there are only two direct easy routes from the San Pasqual Battlefield to the general Mule Hill location. Of the two possible routes to Mule Hill, one approaches the site from the south, and the other from the north. It is known that people inhabited the San Pasqual Mule Hill region when the battle was fought, so it must be recognized that there were well-defined trails and travel routes in use at the time. The first segment of the Kearny Column marched west to Mule Hill down the San Pasqual Valley. U.S. Army Topographical Engineer Lieutenant W. H. Emory, with the Kearny Column, best, but still vaguely, describes this march, and says it began in this direction. This line of march paralleled the modern secondary road which branches southwest from State Highway 78, immediately west of the San Pasqual Battlefield Marker.

After marching several miles west, the Kearny Column turned south. From this point the route could have taken either of two logical courses leading directly to the Los Angeles & San Diego trail. Although the reason for this turn south has been stated as being a brush with the hostile Californians, it is equally likely it was made to keep out of rough little hills at the east end of the San Pasqual Valley.

One of the routes south, the one which would have led them to the south side of the Mule Hill location followed the course of the San Dieguito River. This leads through a narrow and swampy arroyo, a line of march over what is still naturally marshy ground. It was raining in early December, 1846, and part of the disaster at San Pasqual was caused when the wet black gunpowder in Kearny's guns failed to fire. It seems highly unlikely that the exhausted Kearny Column would have marched through this wash because of the soggy nature of the ground and the wet weather. There is no modern road on this route, and no evidence of an old one.

On the other hand, the route which would have taken the Kearny Column to the north side of the Mule Hill location runs along the route of the present San Pasqual Road. This road follows a high and dry course through a low pass in the hills, and all the evidence indicates it has been a road or trail for a very long time. It is also a more direct route to the Los Angeles-San Diego road than the course of the San Dieguito River.

In order to get to the traditionally designated site of Mule Hill, it is necessary to approach from the south, or over the San Dieguito River route. From this approach there are several small hills which might be Mule Hill. One of these small hills is the presently designated Mule Hill.

If the Mule Hill location is approached from the north, the large hill which might be Mule Hill completely hides all the small hills, including the one now identified as Mule Hill. The old Los Angeles-San Diego road and trail ran at the western foot of this large hill.

The entire Mule Hill location, and the Kearny Column's possible routes to it, have been scouted in a four-wheel-drive vehicle, and. this reconnaissance tends to prove the approach from the north over San Pasqual Road was the Kearny Column's most practical line of march. Even in dry weather it was difficult to drive this vehicle over the soft ground of the San Dieguito River bed. Walking over the ground is difficult because of its sogginess.

In addition to the terrain evidence, which indicates the large hill is the true Mule Hill site, there are several additional pieces of information to support this conclusion. First, highly skilled topographer Lieutenant Emory set down the exact longitude and latitude of Mule Hill as 117° 03' 29" west and 33° 03' 42" north, and this point registers on the western end of the big hill using the Escondido, California, 1:2400 topographical map.

Another consideration supporting the large hill as the correct site is that the size of Kearny's command, including the men who had joined him from San Diego, amounted to about 125 people, some pack and riding animals, a quantity f baggage, and the two cannon. Placing all f these men, animals and equipment on any of the small hills, including the presently designated Mule Hill site, would have been impossible, even if everyone, including the animals, stood shoulder to shoulder.

Those involved also reported that Mule Hill was a readily defended position. The large hill is higher than any of the small hills, including the designated Mule Hill site south f it. If the Californians had been on the large hill while Kearny's command occupied any of the smaller hills, the Californians literally could have thrown rocks into Kearny's camp. The Californians were never a serious threat to the Kearny Column's camp on Mule Hill. The large hill would have afforded a camp site which a force such as the Kearny Column's 100 effective troops, armed as they were, could have readily defended against a force the size of the 200 Californians.

The most important evidence pointing to the large hill as the true Mule Hill is that people in the area have artifacts which date from the days of the Kearny Column's adventure, and they point to the large hill as the place where these have been picked up off the surface of the ground. These artifacts include the sorts of fragments which would survive the Kearny Column's baggage burning: hardware from saddles, uniform buttons, hardware from equipment, horseshoe nails, and similar bits and pieces. These people also pointed out that nothing even vaguely similar could be found on any other hill in the general Mule Hill location, and this included the presently designated Mule Hill site.

With these facts considered, it was decided to conduct an archaeological investigation at the Mule Hill location to discover which was the true Mule Hill.

In an effort to firmly establish the true location of Mule Hill it was decided to use electronic metal detectors for an archaeological investigation in the general area. To obtain the most sophisticated of these devices, the U.S. Marine Corps at nearby Camp Pendleton was asked to assist an archaeological reconnaissance team from the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History in an attempt to locate artifacts left by the Kearny Column.

On the morning of 13 July 1970, skilled Marine Corps personnel, guided by the Museum archaeological team, used the Marine Corps detectors to sweep the small hill previously designated as Mule Hill.

The Marines spent the entire morning carefully scouring the hill; however, everything detected was modern junk: hundreds of bits including .22 rim fire cartridge cases, shotgun shell heads, small nails, modern tin cans, and even a few modern nuts and bolts. (A list of material recovered is in appendix.) The Marines had not been told that it was anticipated no artifacts would be found on the first hill they swept, and they searched it very carefully because they were not finding any of the kind of material they knew was being sought.

At lunch the Marines were told the story of the Battle of San Pasqual and Mule Hill. In their opinion, it would have been impossible for 125 soldiers to defend a position on the hill they had spent the morning sweeping. They agreed that a second small hill on the south side of the location might have held a command of 125 men, so they spent the next few hours sweeping it. Again nothing but modern junk was found, and no object which might have dated from the time the Kearny Column was on Mule Hill.

About mid-afternoon the Marines were asked to move to the large hill and begin sweeping it. In the first few minutes they found artifacts which dated from the Kearny Column's time, and, of course, a lot of the same kind of assorted modern junk found on the other hills. They were able to sweep only a small portion of the big hill that afternoon, but even in the limited time available they found enough material from the era of the Kearny Column to indicate the large hill needed a thorough sweeping.

The next day, July 14, the Marines swept the large hill, an area several times as large as the two small hills covered on the previous day. By the end of the day the Marines had found 105 artifacts which probably dated from the time of the Kearny Column, plus a mass of modern junk.

Most of the artifacts recovered on the large hill were associated with Kearny's animal transport. Forty were bits and pieces of saddle hardware: saddle staples, rings, rivets, hangers, buckles, and similar small metal parts. All this material was clinched, riveted, or burred as it would have been only if it came from saddles which had been burned or destroyed in some way which would leave only the metallic parts. These pieces were widely dispersed over the hill, and their varying nature makes it apparent they came from many saddles of the type used in the 1840s.

There were also some twenty horseshoe nails, some of them clinched as they are when used. It is known that the Kearny Column men had eaten some of their animals, and it is possible that these clinched nails came from the hooves of those butchered.

Other relics dating from the 1840s included regulation military buttons. A single goldwashed naval officer's button of pre-Civil War vintage was found on the hill, and it is known that Navy Lieutenant Beal and other naval officers were with the Kearny Column and the men who relieved it. The fire-scarred remains of a military cross-belt plate f the Mexican . War period was found, as well as other bits f military uniform hardware of the same period. Also recovered were a few items associated with the type of firearms in use at the time f Kearny's stay on Mule Hill, including one fired percussion musket cap of the early very heavy pattern which went out of general use about 1850.

One very interesting piece was the remains of a spur of the type the U.S. Army used in the 1840s which had been bent out of shape as if to destroy it. Among the most convincing pieces were a complete horse bit f a "Pelham" type obsolete by 1850, and the side bar from a second identical bit. These bits were of the pattern the Kearny Column would have had for pack animals.

All the material from the pre-Civil War period described above was found within four inches f the surface, and much of it in association with what appeared to be the remains of fires. It apparently had been covered by the natural effects f time. Only two artifacts were found which apparently had been deliberately buried: two lengths of broken saber blades. One f these was found a foot deep, the other about a foot and a half deep, and very close to each other under what appeared to be the remains of a good sized campfire beneath the shelter of a large rock overhang. These were welcome finds since they proved how well the mine detectors were working. These blade pieces do not conform to any regulation U.S. pattern; however, army officers of the 1840s did not necessarily carry regulation sabers. These were probably swords of dead officers, or officers' swords destroyed to prevent possible capture by the Californians.

An unsuccessful search was made for the grave of U.S. Dragoon Sergeant Cox who died and was buried on or near Mule Hill. His body could not be found when the dead from the Battle of San Pasqual were reinterred some years after the fight. The Marines commented that, under the conditions which prevailed on rocky Mule Hill when Sergeant Cox died, they believed the soldiers would have buried him in the soft ground at the foot of the hill.

The evidence demonstrates that the site now designated as Mule Hill is not the correct hill, and that the large hill with the two prominent rock outcrops on its western end is the true Mule Hill. The evidence further shows that the Kearny Column camp was on the large hill in the area immediately to the east f the two big rock outcrops since three-quarters of the artifacts of the period were found in this area. The study f the Kearny Column march route places it along the dry road route described, and the route approaching from the north could have taken Kearny only to the large hill since he could not see the small hills from this aspect. The artifacts found on the large hill are the remains of the baggage which the Kearny Column burned on Mule Hill to prevent its falling into the hands of the Californians in the event they had to surrender. In addition, the large hill is the only one in the general Mule Hill area big enough to have afforded a readily defended campsite for the 125 men f the Kearny Column, their remaining animals, baggage, and two cannon. Finally, the latitude and longitude f the Mule Hill camp site, as recorded by Lieutenant Emory, are further prof that this is the true Mule Hill.

It is recommended that the current recorded location of Mule Hill be changed to the large hill. Because the Mule Hill location is still very much as it was when the Kearny Column camped there in 1846, this area should be set aside by its owner, the City of San Diego, as an historical site, and be preserved in its present relatively natural condition. Because of its rough and rocky nature, this land is suitable only for grazing livestock which would not affect its future use as a public park or picnic ground.

The relics thus far recovered, including those found by others, probably do not represent all that was left when the Kearny Column's baggage was burned. The absence of such artifacts as major parts of firearms, edged weapons, and similar large metal items very valuable in California in 1846 seems to confirm this conclusion. Such material may have been buried under the large rocks on the Mule Hill camp site after it had been burned so the Californians could not find it. Another archaeological investigation of the site should be undertaken with special efforts to explore under the large boulders in the hope of finding more material. This was not done at the time of the investigation because of the lack of time and equipment necessary to shift the large rocks.

Artifacts Recovered from the Designated Mule Hill Site

Artifacts Recovered from the Designated Mule Hill Site

1 - 2 3/4ths inch diameter steel ring with nine links of galvanized steel chain attached. Modern.
1 - 5/8ths modern steel cap screw 2 3/4ths inches long.
1 - 7 inch very rusted modern bolt with nut and washer.
1 - 5/8ths inch modern steel bolt 16 1/2 inches long.
8 - bone fragments, probably cow.
7 - scraps of modern iron wire (many others discarded).
6 - modern 1 3/4ths inch modern wire staples (many others discarded).
2 - Rusted fragments of a pair of relatively modern scissors.
5 - modern wire nails (others discarded).
3 - rusted fragments of iron wire.
1 - fragment of a square cut iron nail.
5 - fired bullets from modern firearms.
1 - fired modern center fire cartridge case.
1 - unfired modern .22 long rifle rim fire cartridge.
28 - modern metallic shotgun shell heads (fired).
1 - aluminum base from a modern automotive electric light bulb.
1 - rusted modern metallic bottle cap.
8 - fragments of modern tin cans (others discarded).
1 - fragment of a modern high tension electric power glass insulator (other modern glass and ceramic fragments discarded).
1 - old, empty, rusty Olympia beer can. Quantities of miscellaneous junk (tin cans, iron wire, copper wire, bolts, automotive parts, etc.) and many fragments of old electric powerline glass and ceramic insulators found on the surface of this hill were discarded or left in place. All the above material actually dug out of the ground.
The second hill was littered with the same general type of junk mentioned above, and the buried junk was also the same type. No old artifacts were found on either of these hills.

Artifacts Recovered from Large Hill at Mule Hill Location

Artifacts recovered from Large Hill at Mule Hill Location

3 - rusted fragments of heavy tin cans, c. 1850.
2 - rusted fragments of a broken flintlock pistol spring.
1 - U.S. Army type iron spur, rusted and bent (1840's type).
1 - 15 inch piece of tip end of saber blade, U.S. Army type, badly rusted and buried 15-18 inches deep.
1 - 8 inch piece of tip end of saber blade, general U.S. Army type, badly rusted and buried 10-12 inches deep.
2 - rusted iron saddle staples, old U.S. Army type, 2 inches long.
1 - rusted iron saddle staple. Old U.S. Army type, 1 inch long.
1 - 1 3/16ths brass loops, iron tongue "D" type military haversack buckle or type used by U.S. Army.
1- 1 3/16ths iron "D" type military haversack buckle, old U.S. Army type.
20 - iron horseshoe nails, all badly rusted, and some clinched.
2 - 1 1/2 inch diameter iron saddle rings, rusted, one with clinched staple still attached.
1 - 1 3/4ths inch diameter iron saddle ring, rusted, eye still attached.
9 - saddle rivets, iron, rusted.
5 - unidentified iron fragments.
2 - saddle cantle "U" staples 2 inches and riveted, old U.S. Army type and very rusted.
1 - complete "Pelham" curb and side-bar bit of 1840's type.
1 - side bar for identical bit to above.
2 - unidentified two piece sheet metal fabrications 5 1/4 inches long and very well made.
3 - fired complete modern shotgun shell casting.
8 - old style iron harness buckles, all rusted and one only a fragment.
1 - iron musket worm, rusted.
2 - stamped iron trouser buttons, 4 hole, 11/16ths inch diameter of type used by U.S. Army in 1840's and 50's.
1 - pre-Civil War U.S. Navy officer's button, 9/16ths inch diameter.
1 - fragment U.S. Army 1840's cross belt plate, brass, burned.
1 - musket or pistol ball, lead 1/2 inch diameter.
1 - tired copper musket cap of old heavy pattern discarded about 1850.
12 - complete and fragmentary hand-cut iron nails, all used and rusty.
1 - fragment of cast iron possibly from a hand mill.
1 - fragment of melted "pot metal" (non-ferrous but not lead or brass).
1 - iron horseshoe of undeterminable age.
1 - brass or bronze band from a muzzle-loading pistol in good condition.
1 - antique type hand made wood screw.
10 - fragments of fabrications of iron wire of antique type.
7 - modern 1 3/4ths inch iron wire staples.
1 - iron chisel of undetermined age.
5 - fragments of modern copper wire (others discarded).
4 - fragments of modern iron wire (others discarded).
1 - large lot of fragments of modern tin cans (others discarded).
1 - "H-C Const" brass tool check. 1- modern metallic plate nut.
1 - modern 7/16ths bolt with lock washer, rusted iron.
47 - fired modern metallic shotgun shell heads.
5 - fired modern center fire metallic cartridge cases.
8 - fired modern rim fire cartridge cases.
4 - fired modern bullets.
3 - modern plastic shotgun shell wads (others discarded).
1 - fragment of a burst modern shotgun barrel.
4 - fragments of glass green bottle.
1 - modern glass percolator top.
1 - fragment modern glass (many others discarded, all brown and green type bottle glass.)
4 - bone fragments, probably native wild animals of larger size.
6 - large fragments of a cast iron cooking pot, possibly a "Dutch Oven" of undetermined age and apparently deliberately broken into small bits.
1 - milk can lid, iron and burned so tin plating has run and lumped.

This is the type of container top which would be used on the tin cans the U.S. Army used to pack water on animals in most of the nineteenth century.

The surface of this site was littered with modern junk as were all the surrounding hills (tin cans, iron wire, barbed wire, copper wire, nuts, bolts, etc.) which were not picked up. All the material on the above list was actually dug out of the ground, and, unless otherwise stated, within four inches of the surface.

APPENDIX III Participants in the Mule Hill Investigation

Cloyd Sorensen, Suzanne Sorensen, Maureen Buckley, Peter Buckley, Robert Buckley, Col. Berkeley R. Lewis

Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History:

George Kritzman, Logan Smith, Russell E. Belous, Bea Belous, Nancy B. Schreier, Konrad F. Schreier, III, Douglas B. Schreier, Konrad F. Schreier, Jr.

Co., B., 11th Engineer Battalion, 5th Marine Expeditionary Brigade, Fleet Marine Force, Camp Pendleton, California:

1st Lt. D.T. Dicken, MSgt. Harley W. Smith, Cpl. James L. Granville, Cpl. Stanford M. Hoisten, L/Cpl. Robert W. Collier, L/Cpl. Ronnie F. Whely, PFC Steven M. Rahn,

U.S. Marine Company Reconnaissance Squadron 3, 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing, Fleet Marine Force-Pacific, El Toro Marine Corps Air Station, California: LTC R. E. Percival, commanding, and the pilots and other personnel of the squadron.

Brackett, Albert G. History of the United States Cavalry New York: Argonaut Press, 1965 (reprint of 1855 edition). Clarke, Dwight L. "San Pasqual: California's Most Famous Battleground," Southern California Quarterly, XLIV (June, 1962),159-67.

Clarke, Dwight L. "A Correction," Southern California Quarterly, XLIV (December, 1962), 348.

Coy, Owen C. The Battle of San Pasqual Sacramento: California State Printing Office, 1921.

Coy, Owen C. Personal papers and research notes, Archives, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History.

Emory, W. H. Notes of a Military Reconnaissance from Fort Leavenworth, in Missouri, to San Diego, in California Senate

Exec. Doc. 41, 33rd Cong., 1st sess. (1848)

Hughes, John T. Doniphan's Expedition Topeka: W. E. Connelley, 1907 (includes Kearny correspondence).

Schreier, Konrad F., Jr. "Kearny at San Pasqual," Terra: Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, II (Winter, 1973),28-31.

Schreier, Konrad F., Jr. "Tracking Mule Hill," Periodical: Council on Abandoned Military Posts, IV (Fall-Winter, 1972), 19-22.

Woodward, Arthur, "Lances at San Pasqual," California Historical Society Quarterly, XXV (December, 1946), 289-308, and XXVI (March, 1947), 21-62.

Konrad F. Schreier, Jr., is a military and technological historian and consultant, an author, and a lecturer. After serving in World War II he completed his education, and from 1951 to 1967 he was a research and development engineer in industry. Always interested in military and technological history, he then left the engineering profession to work full time in the history field. His credits include numerous popular magazine articles, several books on special aspects of U.S. Military History and motion picture and TV work including being resident historian on 20th Century Fox's film TORA! TORA! TORA! He is a Research Associate in Military History on the staff of the History Division of the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, and Dr. Harry Kelsey, head of this division, gave his kind permission to the article. Illustrations provided by the author.


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One thing is conspicuous by its absence. Recipes. No one in the mini-pastry factory is consulting measurement lists or wall posters indicating quantities of sugar or butter to be used. Not a single cookbook is in evidence, and yet an impressive variety of products is being prepared here. From breadloaves to “diplomat pudding” (a classic bread pudding made with leftover Danish dough) to carrot cake and blueberry muffins, walnut loaves, bran muffins, and numerous types of cookies.

I ask Mike about this and he says, “Oh, we have recipes around here somewhere.” He guides me to a chest of drawers near the mixer and pulls one out. He rifles through some yellowed pages, some typewritten with inked notes, but most in cramped handwriting. These pages were written long ago and resemble some unearthed ancient manuscripts with a fine silting of dough like exotic desert sand or temple dust. “We never really look at these,” he says. “We’ve got the recipes up here.” He taps his head.

Another absent item occurs to me. No donuts. “Everybody’s on this health kick, I guess,” Mike says. “Besides, we can’t compete with Vons or Ralphs as far as donuts.”

“This health thing is going to blow over,” I assure him.

“Maybe,” he says. But he might also be thinking that Vons and Ralphs aren’t going anywhere.

Mike suggests I talk with Glenn, a tall man with a mustache unfolding what looks like a beige blanket — Danish dough that had been “put up” the night before. He’s worked at Devany’s “on and off for 20 years. Mike’s hired me several times.” Glenn is fortyish; he came to San Diego to “be in the sun,” and worked in a 7-Eleven before being hired by Mike Devany for the first time.

“Well,” I suggest to the laconic baker, “this must be a lot easier than dealing with wackos at 7-Eleven in the middle of the night. I mean, you probably don’t get many wackos in here at 2:00 in the morning, other than me.”

“That’s a fact,” he says. I give him my spiel about the ancient art he is a part of, the tradition, the history nearly as old as mankind and fire, the nobility of baking grain into sustenance. “It’s a job” is all he says, adding, “but, yeah, it may be the second-oldest profession.” As the night wears on, it is evident that it’s more than clock-punching and assembly-line monotony. Glenn enjoys his work at a level you don’t see at the DMV — or 7-Eleven. It is in his hands and the relaxed but focused posture and easy movements that you see it.

Glenn has flattened the sheet of Danish dough and folded it several times. These will become “snail,” “pretzel,” and “pocket” Danish. He sets the sweetened dough on a conveyor belt and then dusts the surface of the belt with dry flour. He unfolds the layers until it is the size of a small-area carpet. He turns on the conveyor belt, and the swatch of “set up” firm batter advances toward the automatic roller that flattens and thins it further. “You see something you’ve started that goes to completion,” he says. “You can see how much you’ve progressed over the course of a shift. It may not be like American television — 30-second satisfaction, you know — but you get a sense of accomplishment that you can see.”

“Are these really the best Danish in town?” I just want to hear what he says. A Danish, I figure, is a Danish. Maybe I’m testing his espirit de corps or the extent of his public-relations sensibilities. Glenn just shrugs. I don’t get the impression he cares that much what I think. He’s been the “Danish guy” at Devany’s for the better part of two decades and does not appear in a hurry to prove anything. “You compare product with price,” he says simply. “We’re not gonna be beat.”

The baker takes the newly flattened dough, now twice the size of that original area carpet, and lays it out on an adjoining table. He sprinkles water on its surface with his fingers. He then produces a bizarre device: a half-dozen circular pizza slicers on a collapsible frame. He extends the frame and plays the rotating blades over the dough, neatly carving squares to be filled with fistfuls of blueberry, cherry, cream cheese, etc. “This will make about 70 Danish,” he says. He strips away excess dough and tosses it into a bucket where it will be recycled into bear claws or “diplomat pudding.”

It looks easy enough, though I’m not paying close attention. I am studying the plastic canisters of spices to my right: anise, nutmeg, cinnamon, tartar. They are well-handled with floury fingerprints and peeling masking tape identifying the contents. “You wanna try it?” Glenn asks.

“What? Oh, sure.” I take the slicer gizmo and play it over the dough, trying to distribute pressure equally to all the blades. What I accomplish resembles some seriously botched incisions by a drunken surgeon on, say, a wide area of flesh on the back of a fat guy. “Sorry,” I say to Glenn.

“No problem,” he tells me and balls up the odd-shaped bits, then tosses them into the bucket for re-rolling.

“I don’t think I have what it takes,” I tell him.

“Hell, sure you do. Try it again.”

I do it again and this time I manage to get a lot of actual squares the right size. The remaining dough is an acceptable amount, though more than Glenn leaves behind. Now it’s time to fill the squares with fruit filling. Glenn demonstrates the technique.

He grabs a fistful of the gooey fruit in his left hand, squeezes his fingers gently over the individual square. With his right forefinger he makes a swiping motion over his left fist, launching a glob of the stuff onto the center of a single square. He shakes the excess from his left hand over a plastic barrel full of the gelatinous fruit, reaches back in for another handful, and repeats the motion over the next square and the next. This is done with quick, practiced efficiency; he has a tray of filled Danish squares in under a minute. He then folds the four corners of the individual pastries to meet in the middle. This gesture is also done with a factor of zero wasted motion. He invites me to go to work on the next tray.

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