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Title: Farming systems newsletter
Full Citation
Permanent Link: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00080038/00002
 Material Information
Title: Farming systems newsletter
Alternate Title: FSNL
Physical Description: v. : ill., forms ; 30 cm.
Language: English
Creator: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center -- Eastern Africa Economics Programme
Publisher: The Centre
Place of Publication: Nairobi Kenya
Publication Date: April-June 1984
Copyright Date: 1984
Frequency: quarterly
Subject: Agricultural systems -- Periodicals -- Africa, Eastern   ( lcsh )
Genre: periodical   ( marcgt )
Spatial Coverage: Kenya
Statement of Responsibility: CIMMYT Eastern Africa Economics Programme, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT).
General Note: Description based on: No. 26 (July-Sept. 1986); title from cover.
 Record Information
Bibliographic ID: UF00080038
Volume ID: VID00002
Source Institution: University of Florida
Holding Location: University of Florida
Rights Management: All rights reserved by the source institution and holding location.
Resource Identifier: oclc - 18247451
lccn - sn 90040819

Full Text

JUL -5 L ,',

April June 1984

P 0 Box 25171, Nairobi, Kenya, Telephone 592054/592206

No. 17

12 -

Clive Lightfoot*

This paper argues that the conventional on-farm experimental methods employed
by many Farming Systems Research programmes are inappropriate to FSR because
they lack its essential components. It is suggested that on-farm experimental
methods which do have the unique characteristics of FSR should be developed.
To this end, an illustration is provided by an experimental method and by
some analytical techniques. The argument is developed in two parts. The
first part describes conventional on-farm experimentation and the unique
characteristics of Farming Systems Research. This is followed by a demonstra-
tion, with the aid of examples from FSR programmes in Southern Africa, of how
conventional on-farm experimentation does not satisfy the special requirements
of FSR. The second part describes an experimental method based on the super-
imposition of treatments on to existing crops. A range of analytical techniques
is also described. These descriptions show how on-farm experimental methods
can incorporate the unique characteristics of FSR.

On-farm experiments have been a part of national and international research
programmes for many years. These conventional on-farm experiments were
primarily developed to examine 'site effects' on largely known biological
parameters. A typical example would be the FAO's fertilizer programme. Thus
those experiments were largely miniaturized research station experiments.
They were randomized block designs of two or more replicates with four or
more treatments, which were sometimes even factorially structured. Adequate
precision in the data was guaranteed by enormous research input into the
management and implementation of each experiment. This forced researchers
with limited resources into conducting a few complex experiments on a handful
of farms. .The farmers' involvement in these experiments would usually
extend only to the lending of land. Being good biologists, the researchers
only made those measurements necessary to test their hypotheses, so grain
yield per hectare was the principle criterion of evaluation. This method of
on-farm experimentation was successful insofar as it produced information
on the effects of site on biological parameters. Farming Systems Research
however, goes far beyond the determination of site effects on biological
parameters. Not only must this be understood but also be placed in a
perspective with economic and social parameters, more especially as FSR is
immediately concerned with adoption rather than the description of biological
response curves. Herein lies a major difference between FSR and other types
of agricultural research.

Farming Systems Research was first specified by Norman in 1976 at a seminar
in Mali on 'Improved Agricultural Production Systems' (Institut d'Economie
Rurale, 1976) and later more fully developed by Norman (1980) and Collinson
(1982). This development naturally borrowed ideas from current research and
so more research projects that resembled FSR were not called FSR and
conversely some research was called FSR but obviously, by its methods, was not.
In an attempt to reduce the confusion of what was and what was not Farming
Systems Research, Norman outlined seven unique characteristics to FSR which
he called 'common elements'

* Consultant: 80 Avenue Rosemere, Ottawa, Ontario. '"I 1 r-

- 13 -

The intention was to maintain the unique identity of FSR even though research
programmes may have different names. Of these seven 'common elements', three
are pertinent to the processes of on-farm experiments. They are multidisci-
plinary involvement, farmer participation and evaluation relevant to the

So far, the major developments in Farming Systems Research have been in the
fields of socio-economic investigations. This is hardly surprising as FSR
was developed largely by economists. Development in the technical component
has limited itself to merely borrowing wholesale from the existing methods
of conventional on-farm experimentation. The following set of examples shows
how these conventional on-farm experimental methods neglect the unique
characteristics or 'common elements' of Farming Systems Research.

Although the examples are taken from arable enterprises of FSR programmes
in Zambia and Zimbabwe, the experiences are not uncommon to those of other
programmes (Lightfoot,1982 and 1982a). The complexity of field layout and
treatment structure in conventional on-farm experiments makes these experiments
hard for farmers to understand, mainly because they are so foreign to their
experience. Not only does such complexity inhibit farmers' understanding
but also farmers' participation in implementation. Thus researchers are bound
to plant the crops and carry out the treatments. Here, the logistical
problems of communication and transport between the centre and experimental
sites virtually ensures that experiments are rarely planted at the optimum
time. Thus in Zambia and Zimbabwe, it was not uncommon to see farmer planted
crops in better health than the research crops, purely because they were
planted at the right time. Such poor growth of research crops can easily
confound the results of conventional experiments. For example, nitrogen
top-dressing of maize, normally providing a large yield response, had no
effect when applied to an unhealthy crop. As a result, the analysis across
all sites proved inconclusive. The inflexibility of these experiments can
reduce experimental precision such that conclusive results are difficult
to obtain. To make matters worse, farmers are unlikely and certainly would
be recommended not to top-dress a poor maize crop. Another example of
confounding is offered in weeding experiments, where the weed burden is
negligible at some sites and therefore the benefits of weeding become unclear.

The likelihood of inconclusive results is further increased by the considerable
risk of experimental failure and the unavoidably small number of farms used.
Experiments can fail for a variety of reasons, one of the more common being
crop damage by livestock. On one occasion in Zimbabwe, the farmer was responsible
for the failure of a tillage experiment. This farmer decided to weed the plots
at crop emergence thereby losing information on the all important tillage
weeding interaction. The difficulty farmers have in understanding complex
experiments is further illustrated in the following example. Another farmer
running the same tillage trial found that there was little difference in growth
of single and double ploughed crops. To the researcher, this meant that the
return to draught power had been increased but the farmer did not appear to
appreciate this. Such misunderstanding could have arisen if draught power was
not a limiting resource but it was more likely that the farmer did not
understand the experimental objective. Either way, the researcher would have
benefitted from the involvement of the farmer.

Those examples show that, not only are conventional experiments difficult
to implement but also that they offer little chance for farmers' participation,
which is one of the important features of FSR. Obviously, using farmers' land

- 14 -

involves a level of farmer participation and it is likely that some dialogue
between technologist and farmer occurs during the implementation of these
experiments; however, this dialogue is limited by the training of the
technologist. In order to attain a useful depth of dialogue, some input by
appropriately trained social scientists is necessary.

The importance of co-operation between the disciplines is further illustrated
by the inadequacies of conventional evaluation of experimental results.
Conventional evaluation almost exclusively employs mean grain yield per
hectare as the sole criterion for the assessment of technologies. There are
several deficiencies associated with slavish use of this measure. Firstly,
farmers in variable environments are more likely to be interested in the
range and stability of performance. In addition, from the statistical
viewpoint, means of variable data are of dubious value. Secondly, cash or
nutritional value may be more relevant returns than grain yield. Finally,
farmers may seek to maximize returns to more limiting resources such as
labour and capital, than to the land. However, selecting a criterion or a
combination of criteria most appropriate to the farmer requires knowledge
outside the scope of the technologist. Hence the importance of co-operation
between technologists and social scientists, whose job it is to provide that

In conclusion, conventional on-farm experimental methods and analyses are
difficult to implement and the results difficult to interpret. They-also
offer little scope for meaningful farmers' participation and co-operation
between the disciplines involved. This paper proposes that new experimental
methods must be developed to overcome the difficulties described and
incorporate the unique features of FSR. The following on-farm experimental
method and analyses are presented to illustrate more appropriate methodologies
for Farming Systems Research.

The on-farm experimental method entails the super-imposition of treatments
or technologies on to the appropriate existing crop or soil condition. For
example, to test the benefit of nitrogen top-dressing of maize, an area of
healthy maize (i.e. a crop that farmers would be advised to top-dress) is
bisected and one half receives nitrogen. Objectively in selecting which half
gets the nitrogen must be ensured by random allocation of treatments. Another
example of a technology that lends itself to super-imposition is weeding.
At the time of first weeding, an area with the appropriate weed burden
(especially important if parasitic weeds are involved) is selected and divided
into control and treatment plots. More complex treatment structures than
presence or absence can be used only if the farmer understands them.
Replication is achieved between farms and not within farms (for statistical
reasons never by a mixture of the two) which will require an increase in the
number of participating farms. For reasons of statistical precision (adequate
error degrees of freedom for testing variance ratios) at least twelve farms
are required in two treatment experiments but seven in three treatment
experiments. Although it is hard to imagine, difficulty in locating enough
farms with the right crop conditions would present problems here. The
simplicity of this experimental method permits farmer implementation. Ideally,
the inputs of seed, fertilizer or whatever are given to the farmers and they
then implement the treatments. The researchers' involvement extends to the
selection of the area, instruction on the method of treatment implementation
and some checking on the accuracy with which the experiments are conducted.
Of course, all measurement and data collection are the responsibility of the

- 15 -

The shift in level of input from the researcher to the farmer in the
super-imposed method increases the scope for farmer participation and
gives time for researchers to contact many more farms. This can only
result in more rigorous and more precise testing of technologies. Farmer
implementation in the appropriate conditions on many farms can improve
the timeliness of operations, reduce the degree of variation and increase
the number of data points for analysis. Farmers' participation, an
important feature of FSR, could be deepened by soliciting the farmers'
reactions to the technologies. The depth of such questioning is likely
to be greater when conducted by researchers trained specifically in this
area, again a point of contact between the disciplines.

The importance of co-operation between technical and social science
disciplines is further emphasized in the analysis of experimental results.
In the variable environmental conditions that prevail throughout the semi-
arid tropics, farmers are more likely to be interested in the stability
of technologies rather than their average performance. While, stability
can be defined and measured in many ways, only three methods are presented
here. Firstly, the likely range pf outcomes can be estimated by inter-
quartile ranges and confidence intervals. In other words, the situation
in which technologies perform poorly and those where they perform well are
measured and defined. In this way, crop failures that were usually put
to one side become useful results. The variation in the performance of
technologies across different environments, (i.e. on different farms) can
be estimated by the regression of outcomes against an appropriate index of
the environment. Lastly, the risk of crop failure to farmers who adopt new
technologies can be estimated by calculating the probability of failing to
achieve specified disaster outcomes. The relevance of such estimations
to farmers can only be ascertained by consultation between social scientists
and the farmer. The same applies to the selection of returns, (grain, cash,
calories, etc.) and to resources, (land, labour, capital, etc.). Such
consultation increases the chance of technology assessment being relevant
to the farmer. Thus, the remaining important feature or common element of
FSR, technology assessment relevant to the farmer, is addressed by the
analytical techniques described.

In conclusion, the super-imposed experimental method and the analytical
techniques described incorporate the unique features of Farming Systems
Research. Participation of the farmer is ensured by farmers' implementation
of the treatments and by consultation for the evaluation of technologies.
In such consultation, the evaluation of technologies is made more relevant
to the farmer. Lastly, co-operation between technical and social science
disciplines is engendered by their interdependence for specific kinds of
information. In addition, this experimental method makes the implementation
of on-farm experiments easier and can increase the precision and rigor with
which technologies are tested.

Obviously, the experimental method described here has limited application
since not all technologies can be tested by super-imposition. Indeed, if
this method is restricted to simple presence or absence studies, there is a
distinct danger of slipping into purely demonstration work. For such studies
to retain their title of research, the results must add to the existing body
of knowledge. Here, the facility of conducting many experiments could greatly
increase the supply of technology options for extension.

- 16 -

More experiments and thus more participating farmers will also mean more
direct beneficiaries of the research programme. The analytical techniques
described make greater use of the data produced, but again their applications
are limited. The details of analysis are always peculiar to each experiment.
The intention here is to show that on-farm experimental methods which include
the unique features of FSR can be developed. Technologies should not consider
themselves, or behave as if they were, straight jacketed by conventional
on-farm experimental methods. FSR does have unique characteristics, thus
new experimental methods are required to reflect this. By paying greater
attention to farmer participation and interdisciplinary co-operation,
researchers will stand a greater chance of developing on-farm experimental
methods that are true to the principles and spirit of Farming Systems Research.

References Cited

Collinson, M.P. 1982. Farming Systems Research in Eastern Africa: The
experience of CIMMYT and Some National Agricultural Research Services,
1978-81. MSU International Development Paper No. 3. East Lansing, Michigan:
Michigan State University.

Institute d'Economie Rurale. 1976. Rapport de synthese sur les systems de
culture et d'elevage dans le context de Mali. Bamako: Institut d'Economie

Lightfoot, C.W.F. 1982a. Some observations for the On-Farm Experiments.
Report to the Dept. of Specialist Services, Govt. of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.

1982. Some Guidelines for the Adaptive Research Planning
Team On-Farm Trials. Report to the Ministry of Agriculture and Water
Development, Govt. of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.

Norman, D.W. 1980. The Farming Systems Approach: Relevancy for the Small
Farmer. MSU Rural Development Paper No. 5. East Lansing, Michigan: Michigan
State University.

University of Florida Home Page
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text:
Group Title: Missileer
Title: The Missileer
Full Citation
Permanent Link: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00098812/00036
 Material Information
Title: The Missileer
Physical Description: v. : ill. ;
Language: English
Publisher: Midway City Pub. Co.
Place of Publication: Melbourne Fl
Melbourne Fl
Publication Date: September 11, 2009
Copyright Date: 2009
Frequency: weekly
Subject: Armed Forces -- Newspapers -- United States   ( lcsh )
Genre: newspaper   ( marcgt )
Spatial Coverage: United States -- Florida -- Brevard -- Cape Canaveral -- Patrick Air Force Base
Coordinates: 28.235 x -80.61 ( Place of Publication )
General Note: "In the interest of personnel at the Air Force Missile Test Center, Patrick Air Force Base."
General Note: Description based on: Vol. 3, no. 24 (July 15, 1952).
 Record Information
Bibliographic ID: UF00098812
Volume ID: VID00036
Source Institution: University of Florida
Holding Location: University of Florida
Rights Management: All rights reserved by the source institution and holding location.
Resource Identifier: oclc - 24535718

This item has the following downloads:

00009-11-2009 ( PDF )

Full Text

45th SW

_ Launches Atlas V

ID machines to be

Football Frenzy hits
the Tides

Rep. Posey presents
Congressional award

45th Space Wing
Public Affairs

The 45th Space
Wing launched suc-
cessfully a United
Launch Alliance-
built Atlas V Evolved
Expendable Launch
Vehicle from Space
Launch Complex 41
at 5:35 p.m. (EDT)
The Atlas V rocket
carried a U.S. govern-
ment communications
satellite into space.
"This launch helps
to ensure that vital
communications will
continue to bolster
our nation's capa-
bilities and showcases
why the 45th Space
Wing is the world's
premiere gateway to
space," said Brig. Gen.
Edward L. Bolton, Jr.,
45th Space Wing com-
"The 45th Space
Wing is in the midst
of a very busy launch
season and during our

Operational Readiness
Inspection. We are
looking forward to
many more successful
missions before the
year's end," General
Bolton said. "This is
perhaps the cleanest
countdown we've seen
this year."
This mission was
the 16th flight of an
Atlas V rocket from
here and the 15th
launch overall this
year on the Eastern
"This launch
was an outstanding
achievement for the
entire Atlas team,"
said Staff Sgt. Brad
Tavares, Atlas V
Mission Assurance
Technician. "It makes
me extremely proud
to be a part of the
success of this mis-
sion and I look
forward to pro-
viding continued
mission assurance
for all future

Above left, a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket with the PAN satellite
rolls out to its Space Launch Complex-41 launch pad at Cape Canaveral
Air Force Station.
Above right, the Atlas V rocket with the PAN satellite launches from
Space Launch Complex-41 on Sept. 8 at 5:35 p.m. EDT. It was the
17th launch of the Atlas V since 2002, and the 88th consecutive launch
success for Atlas rockets.

The 45th Space Wing would like to cordially

welcome the AFSPC IG Team to PAFB and CCAFS

Patrick Air Force Base/Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Fla.

September 11i, 2009

Vol. 51 No. 36

2 September 11, 2009 Missileer

Autograph your work with excellence

Missileer staff

By Brig. Gen.
Edward L. Bolton, Jr.
Commander 45th Space Wing

Well, you did it again. And you
were flawless again as you sup-
ported the launch of the 16th flight
of an Atlas rocket from the Cape
Tuesday evening and the 15th
overall launch just this year from
the Eastern Range.
It's great to be the command-
er when I have folks like you I
can count on to "do the right
Every single day. Every single
mission. Every single launch.
You never take a short cut,
because you all understand the
importance of what we do and why
we do it.
And what makes this even
more remarkable is that we are
keeping this remarkable pace in the
midst of an Operational Readiness

Inspection (ORI) designed to test our
capabilities all across the board.
Like I said at the ORI in-brief-
ing, telling the inspectors about
our world-class capabilities is not
enough. We have to show them we
know what to do and how to do it.
Over the past few weeks, I think
you have been doing a first-class
job of that. As a matter of fact, I
know you are.
But this inspection isn't a sprint
... it's a marathon. We are not done
yet. Keep your spirits up; help one
another. I want to hit the finish line

of this ORI at the same speed as we
Also, let me remind all of you
about the military customs and
courtesies I want you to render
when the music plays in the morn-
ing and the afternoon.
Rendering a salute or placing
your hand over your heart is an
honor. I mean that. An absolute
honor. You can spare the time to
remember those who served before
us, and the tens of thousands who
paid the ultimate price so that we
can live in the greatest nation the
world has ever seen.
It has often been said that "every
job is a self-portrait of the person
who does it. Autograph your work
with excellence."
All I can say is your signature is
the best I have ever seen and the
envy of all in the space business
and I can't thank you enough. Keep
it up!

Leading in stressful times

By Lt. Col. Joseph J. Narrigan
Commander, 45th Medical
Operations Squadron

I am confident in saying that
leading is easier when all is going
well. I am equally confident when
I say that life is a contact sport so
my first sentence won't get us very
Studies have shown leaders
can prepare for their roles during
stressful situations. Leaders, first
and foremost, must have a solid
understanding of and competence
for the tasks at hand.
In high-stress situations lead-
ers must have a sight picture that
is as accurate as possible, be able
to quickly think through decision
trees, while proactively considering
what's next.
As leaders we seldom have all
the information we would like
when making decisions, so it is

Commander's Corner

better to make our decisions) based
on what is realistically obtainable
rather than develop "paralysis by
analysis." Make the best decisions
possible and reflect at a later time.
Not being able to think ahead and
through many possible outcomes/
scenarios can impair the mission
through delayed decisions or out-
ward signs of insecurity.
These outward signs can affect
the morale by a breach in trust.
Airmen know leaders are faced with
difficult decisions but are willing to
follow if trust is established.
Effective leaders must be able to
weigh events and determine what
truly matters and when it will mat-
ter, if at all. One cannot have their
"hair on fire" all the time ... fol-
lowers will lose the ability to know

when an action or event is critically
Situational leadership requires
flexibility. In many instances lead-
ers can and, in my opinion, should
be somewhat democratic in allow-
ing subordinates to provide input
into the decision making process.
But, when required, leaders must
be able to switch into an authorita-
tive mode and give clear unwaver-
ing guidance.
No matter the situation,
people need to know and trust their
leaders care. Leaders must have a
vulnerable humanistic facet that
conveys appreciation for the feel-
ings and sacrifices of others. It is
empathy, not uncontrolled emo-
tions, that cements a leader and
followers for a common good.
My challenge: Critically think
through what matters, and men-
tally prepare in easy times for the
stressful times to come.

Brig. Gen. Edward L. Bolton, Jr.
45th Space Wing Commander
Mr. Brad Swezey
Chief of Public Affairs
2nd Lt. Karl Wiest
Deputy Chief of Public Affairs
2nd Lt. Trisha Guillebeau
Chief of Internal Information
Mr. Chris Calkins
Mrs. Teresa Christopher
Mrs. Juanita McNeely
Layout Coordinators
Mrs. Jennifer Macklin
Mr. John Connell

Published by Cape Publications, Inc., a
private firm in no way connected with the Air
Force, under exclusive written contract with the
45th Space Wing, Patrick AFB, Fla.
This civilian enterprise Air Force newspa-
per is an authorized publication for members
of the U.S. military services. Contents of the
Missileer are not necessarily official views of, or
endorsed by, the U.S. government, the DoD or
the Department of the Air Force.
The appearance of advertising in this pub-
lication, including inserts or supplements, does
not constitute endorsement by the DoD, the
Department of the Air Force or Cape Publications,
Inc., of the products or services advertised.
Everything advertised in this publication
shall be made available for purchase, use or
patronage without regard to race, color, religion,
sex, national origin, age, marital status, physical
handicap, political affiliation or any other non-
merit factor of the purchaser, user or patron.
Editorial content is edited, prepared and
provided by the 45th Space Wing Public Affairs
Office. All photographs are Air Force photo-
graphs unless otherwise indicated.

Cape Publications
Advertising Department
PO. Box 419000
Melbourne, FL 32941-9000
Retail: (321) 242-3808
National: (321) 242-3803
Classified: (321) 259-5555
1201 Edward H. White II St.
Building 423, Room C-130
Patrick AFB, FL 32925
PAFB Info Line 494-4636

Submission deadline is 2 p.m.
the Friday before publication.

NEWS September 11, 2009 Missileer 3

ID Card Equipment Upgrades: Short-term delays expected

By Chris Kraus
45th Force Support

Whether you are
active duty, Guard,
Reserve, a DoD civil-
ian employee, contrac-
tor, retired military or
a dependent, acquir-
ing a new ID or CAC
card is part of military
life. Depending on the
number of folks ahead
of you in line, the pro-
cess can be fast and
painless or frustrat-
ing if you experience a
long wait.
The wait will defi-
nitely be longer the
week of Sept. 22-
25. That's because
upgrades will be
made to the equip-
ment used to make
those cards.
"If possible, we
highly encourage folks
to avoid getting a
card during that time
frame," said Master
Sgt. Linda Humphrey,
NCOIC of the 45th
Force Support
Squadron's Military
Personnel Section,
Customer Support

Element. "We've got
five machines that
make the cards. Each
one can make a card
in 20 minutes. That's
15 cards an hour.
During the upgrade,
we expect that num-
ber to drop signifi-
cantly. On Sept. 22,
the contractor per-
forming the upgrades
will immediately take
three of our machines
off-line. Those
machines will be
upgraded first. After
they are upgraded
they will go back on-
line, and then the two
remaining machines
will be upgraded.
We apologize for any
inconvenience this
may cause."
That inconvenience
can be avoided if
you act fast. If you
require a card during
the upgrade, or any
time for that matter,
you can schedule an
appointment by call-
ing 321-494-6144/
6147 about 20 days
prior to the expiration
date on your card.
With a staff of just

eight, the Customer
Support Element not
only provides ID and
CAC card services,
but is also responsible
for in-processing new
arrivals, managing the
base's leave, BAS, and
SGLI programs, and
issues passports.
They are the only
facility in the area
that does this. Factor
in that Florida has
one of the largest mili-
tary retiree popula-
tions in the U.S., and
you can get an idea as
to why the office is so
Besides schedul-
ing an appointment,
there are other things
you can do to speed
up the process. Bring
proper identification.
At least two forms
of ID (one has to be
a photo ID your
old ID or CAC card
is acceptable) are
required. Voter regis-
tration cards, Social
Security cards and
passports are other
acceptable forms of
If you are a

Photo by Chris Kraus
Service with a smile. Customer Support Apprentice, Amn Jesslynn
Earle, of the 45th Force Support Squadron's Military Personnel Section,
Customer Support Element, issues an ID card to another satisfied
customer. The Customer Support Element will receive upgrades to the
equipment used to make ID and CAC cards Sept. 22 25. Patrons are
advised that they may experience a delay in service during this time

dependent, you need
to get a new card
every four years
because of possible
changes in your sta-
tus. Your sponsor
must be present to
sign a DD Form 1172,
or you must have a
power of attorney.
Also, be aware of

the priority system.
Active duty personnel
in uniform have prior-
ity, followed by DoD
civilians, contractors,
and then all others.
The office is open
Mon. Fri., 8:30 a.m.
- 4 p.m.
Anyone still waiting
at closing time will be

"Sometimes that
means our staff is
working until 6 p.m.,"
Sgt. Humphrey said.
"But we don't mind,
we'll do what it takes
to get the job done
and provide excellent
service to our custom

--111&_ Courtesy photos

Lighten up!

Pelican Coast Housing now has
new streets lights. The new lights are
metered separately from the housing units,
provide additional security for our families
and are turtle friendly.
A welcome sight to residents!

4 September 11, 2009 Missileer

Events Calendar

Surfing Class
8 10 a.m.
Outdoor Recreation

Sunday Brunch
10 a.m. 1:30 p.m.
The Tides

Football Frenzy
12:30 7 p.m.
The Tides

Sunday Brunch
10 a.m. 1:30 p.m.
The Tides

Football Frenzy
12:30 7 p.m.
The Tides

Golf Course

Sunday Brunch
10 a.m 1:30 p.m.
The Tides
Football Frenzy,
12:30 p.m. 7 p.m.
The Tides
Latin Experience
2:30 p.m.
Shark Hut

Applying for AF Jobs
9- 11 a.m., A&FRC
Latin Night
10 p.m. 2 a.m.
The Tides
Boys & Girls Club
National Day for Kids
- "Let's Play"
5- 8 p.m.
"Kid's Night Out"
6- 11 p.m.
Youth Center

4 I. *

Boater Safety
9:30 11:30 a.m.
Outdoor Recreation

Story Time
10 a.m.

Scuba Diving
Certification Class
6 9 p.m.

Boater Safety
9:30- 11 a.m.
Outdoor Recreation

Story Time
10 a.m., Library

Job 1Searih (- las
'1 11 .1 a 11

Boater Safety
9:30 11:30 a.m.
Outdoor Recreation

Story Time
10 a.m.

Orientation Briefing
7:30 a.m. noon

Patrick AFB Fitness
Center/Health &
Wellness Center
Open House
9 a.m. noon
Families of
Deployed Dinner
6 7 p.m.

EirtlhdIi\ Niiht
' p 111
The Tid-e

1st Term Airman
Management Class
8 a.m. 4:30 p.m.

A&FRC Spouse
1 3 p.m.

4:30 7:30 p.m.
Shark Hut

Heart Link Class
9 11:30 a.m.

11 a.m.

12:30 p.m.

4:30 7:30 p.m.
Shark Hut

Airman Leadership
Class 09-07

4 .-.0 i .0 p nI1
Sharl Hut

Smooth Move Class
9- 11 a.m.

Pajama Club
Story Time
6:16 p.m.

Hispanic Heritage
Month Celebration
4:30 6 p.m.

OCT. 1
Smooth :love (- lss
9- 11 a.m.

C'hldir-n of Divorce
( Ias
1 4 p mi

Teen Read Week
6:30 p.m.

Delta II Launch
Teen Night
7 10 p.m.
Youth Center

Latin Night
10 p.m. 2 a.m.
The Tides

Surf Fishing Class
5 6:30 p.m.
Outdoor Recreation

3-Tank Advanced
Open Water
Spear Fishing &
Lobster Dive
Outdoor Recreation

Sass N Brass
6 9 p.m.
The Tides

Te\xas Hold'em
5 10 p.m.
The Tides

Sock Hop
5:30 9:30 p.m.
Golf Course

Teen Night
7 10:30 p.m.
Youth Programs

Deployment Line for
Families of Deployed
7:30 a.m. 2 p.m.
Pancake Breakfast
& Sailboat Races
9 a.m.
Safe Boater Course
9:30 11:30 a.m.
Outdoor Recreation

Surf Fishing Class
7- 11 a.m.
Outdoor Recreation

Safe Boater Course
9:30 11:30 a.m.
Outdoor Recreation

Golf Course

Safe Boater Course
9:30 11:30 a.m.
Outdoor Recreation

Sailing Class
2 3:30 p.m.
Outdoor Recreation

Safe Boater Course
9:30 11:30

Sailing Class
12:30 2 p.m.
Outdoor Rec

I & a. & &

To publish events of base-wide interest in
future issues, e-mail missileer@patrick.af.mil

Chaplain's Corner September 11, 2009 Missileer 5

The Chaplain Candidate Experience

By 2nd Lt. a Second Lieutenant in Air Force orientation tion is still crystal clear ing the West Pines reappointed as a Reserve
Scott Conner the Chaplain Candidate and indoctrination, in my mind. Baptist Church as their IMA Chaplain in the
Program by the endorse- Afterwards, I reported to My second summer Pastor of Community USAF.
There are certain ment of my denomi- Wright Patterson AFB, tour was at Tyndall AFB, Outreach. But today I'm For me it all started
events that can greatly nation the General Ohio for my first sum- FL, home of the mighty writing from a Patrick with a national ter-
change your life. For Regular Baptists mer 30-day tour. Here F-22. This enlarged my AFB chapel desk as a ror that led to a prayer
me, it was Sept. 11, Churches I was able to observe life-long love for aircraft. chaplain candidate. I'm service where I received
2001. This day of infamy Commissioned Chaplains in action Upon completing still awaiting ordination words of guidance from
marked the beginning Officer Training was my while getting some basic seminary I traveled with the hopes of soon a military chaplain. And
of my new career path. next step. It involved chaplain experience to West Palm Beach wearing the cross on here I am now, ready to
It opened my view of five weeks of intense myself. My first invoca- where I now live serv- my uniform and being serve.
chaplain ministry and its
place in the military.
This epiphany began
at a prayer service fol-
lowing the terrorist
attacks. I was a senior
at Baptist Bible College
studying for pastoral
ministry. Retired Air
Force Chaplain John
Murdoch was the guest
speaker of the day. He
shared his experience
about the chaplain min-
istry and asked us to
consider it vocationally.
This clarified a hun-
ger within me to serve
God and country. I talk-
ed later with Chaplain
Murdoch about the
specific requirements to
become a military chap-
lain. He indicated I need-
ed a Master of Divinity
degree, an ecclesiasti-
cal endorsement and
denominational ordina-
tion. Soon after, I started
During my first semi-
nary year I was intro-
duced to the Chaplain
Candidate Program.
This program gives
basic exposure to chap-
lain ministry experi-
ence while attending
seminary. It also affords
tuition assistance to
help offset seminary
costs. Upon entry I
was commissioned as

By Chris Calkins
45th Space Wing
Public Affairs

If you think the
chances of you win-
ning a free trip to
a NFL game and
plenty of free prizes
and cash are sitting
somewhere between
think again. For four
consecutive years
- count 'em Tides'
"Football Frenzy"
patrons have won
two tickets to either
the Super Bowl, the
Pro Bowl or regular-
season NFL games.
Not only that, there
are many weekly
door prizes to win
each and every week
beginning Sunday at
the Tides during the
next 17 weeks of the

regular season. Doors
open at noon.
The Tides has 10
42" LCD televisions
strategically placed
around the club to
ensure you and your
friends get to root for
your favorite team
- every single week.

Don't miss a single
down; get there early
and grab your favorite
Getting hungry?
Don't worry. A bar-
food menu and cash
bar will be available
throughout the after-
noon, or you can
enjoy a complimentary
buffet during half-
Admission to all
"Frenzy Football"
games is free for all
Air Force Club mem-
bers, their spouses,
and immediate fam-
ily members under
18 years of age.
Eligible nonmembers
and guests must
pay a $10.00 enter-
tainment fee at the
door, according to
Johnnie Rivera, club

Courtesy Photo
Senior Master Sgt. Jake Pillow, formerly assigned to the 45th Launch
Group and now assigned to Minot Air Force Base, enjoys Super Bowl
XLIV with his wife, Michelle, between the Steelers and Cardinals last
February. They won two free tickets and got to experience the entire
Super Bowl experience for free. For four consecutive years count 'em
- Tides' "Football Frenzy" patrons have won two tickets for either the
Super Bowl, the Pro Bowl and regular-season NFL games.

"NFL Football
season at the Tides
was always something
we looked forward to,"
said Senior Master
Sgt. Jake Pillow, a
former 45th Launch
Group Airman now
stationed at Minot Air
Force Base. Sgt. Minot
won two tickets to last
year's Super Bowl.
"From the kickoff
tailgate parties, to
the spread Johnnie
always puts out, to
the weekly prizes; the
Tides on Sunday dur-
ing NFL season was
always a class-act and
a definite benefit of
my club membership,"

he said.
"The experience
my wife and I had as
one of the Super Bowl
winners last year was
truly awesome. We
were treated like roy-
alty from the time we
arrived at our rooms,
chauffeured to din-
ners, pregame parties
and then finally the
game, until we depart
ed. It's something we
will never forget.
Of course, to have
a chance to win you
have to be a member.
Go see Mr. Rivera at
the Tides and sign up.
"This is an
awesome program

for club members.
They get free food,
the chance at lots of
door prizes, and the
opportunity to view
all NFL games at one
location," said Mr.
Rivera. "This can also
be a great team-build-
ing event for units all
over the 45th Space
Wing. Make it a family
event and get to know
one another in the
friendliest setting you
will find anywhere on
the Space Coast," he
"Membership pays,"
he said. "And don't
forget to wear your
team's colors."

Ll.I I 1

Commissary Case Lot Sale
Stop by the Patrick Commissary and save some $$$$
by shopping at the Case Lot Sale.
Open Wednesday from 5 8 p.m.
for active duty personnel, family members,
Guard and Reserve members only.
Open 8:30 a.m. to 6 p.m.
Sept. 17-18, and from 8:30 a.m. 5 p.m. Sept. 19
for all other authorized shoppers.

a : :

J 111U1 1, rUU IV 1=7 SPO RTS I LL.VV-IIWWW .L-il-al.0.llll

Are you ready for some ... football?

'Football Frenzy' kicks off this weekend at the Tides

L~++,.II.....,.. ,,+,:,I, ,~ ,:I

September 11, 2009 Missileer 7

During a recent
Air Force Association
luncheon held at
the Tides, U.S.
Representative Bill
Posey (FL-15) pres-
ents Mary Ann Gordon
a Congressional
Medal of Merit,
along with a framed
copy of the WASP
Congressional Gold
Medal Act. The Women
Airforce Service Pilots
Congressional Gold
Medal Act was signed
into law by on July
1, 2009 (Public Law
111-40). It recognizes
the women pilots for
their contributions
during WWII and cre-
ated a Gold Medal that
the pilots will receive
at a ceremony in
Washington, DC. Ms.
Gordon was a member
of the Women Airforce
Service Pilots of WWII.

Phnmt h\/( :hrin Hill

Ira ; _&urda

8 September 11, 2009 Missileer

Free MOAA Membership
The national Military Officers Association of
America (MOAA) is offering a free one-year mem-
bership to Active Duty, National Guard, and
Reserve Officers. The membership covers the
remainder of 2009 and all of 2010. There is a
small fee for retired officers who would like to
join. Representatives from the MOAA Cape Ca-
naveral Chapter will be available at the Base Ex-
change this weekend, Sept. 12 -13, to answer

Munitions Inventory
The PLSSC Munitions Section will be con-
ducting their semiannual 100 percent stock-
pile inventory of base stock munitions, account
FV2520, from Sept. 20 21. To minimize trans-
actions against the account during the inven-
tory, only valid emergency requests submitted
in writing and approved by a Group Commander
or equivalent will be processed. Please contact
our munitions personnel at 494-4313/6311 if
you have any questions.

Legal Office changes
Due to the ORI, legal assistance will be lim-
ited to active duty personnel only until Sept.
21. The legal office will be open for notary and
powers of attorney services. The legal office will
resume full legal assistance schedule starting
Sept. 22. Please call the legal office at 494-7357
if you have any questions.

Tuition Assistance
All tuition assistance for military personnel
& 45SW civilians FY09 must be submitted by
Sept. 18. Requests submitted after this date
will not be approved. Tuition assistance for
military personnel will be available after Oct. 1
when the new fiscal year begins. For additional
information, please contact Ms. Kathy Farris at

The Patrick AFB and CCAFS Fitness Centers
will hold an "Aerobathon" on their designated
running tracks through Sept. 30. The goal is for
each unit to log as many aerobic activity hours
as possible during the month. Participants take
part in any of the group exercises and/or fitness
improvement classes, or complete a minimum
of 30 minutes on any indoor cardio machine.
Participants may also swim or run outdoors.
Commander's Cup Points will be awarded!

For more information, guidelines and eligi-
bility requirements, call 494-4947 (Patrick) or
853-3966 (CCAFS).

Military Family Employment
Advocacy Program
The Brevard Workforce Development Board
operates a broad spectrum of state and fed-
erally funded workforce development pro-
grams in Brevard County, and the Military
Family Employment Advocacy (MFEA) Program
provides local workforce resources and assis-
tance to members of the base community who
are seeking employment or transitioning to new
The MFEA Program works to support Patrick
AFB and local Florida National Guard and
Reserve Units. Doris Homitz is the Airman &
Family Readiness Center's new Military Family
Employment Advocate. She can assist those who
need help finding a job, researching schools, or
fine tuning their resumes.
For more information and assistance, call

Airman & Family Readiness
Center September Classes
The Airman & Family Readiness Center has a
few upcoming classes and events in September
that many will find invaluable: Sept. 12, from
7:30 a.m. 2 p.m.; Newcomer's Orientation
Briefing, Sept. 15, from 7:30 a.m. noon; 1st
Term Airman Financial Management Class,
Sept. 16, from 8 a.m. 4:30 p.m.; Spouse
Orientation, Sept. 16, from 1 3 p.m.; Smooth
Move Class, Sept. 17, from 9 11 a.m.; Job
Search Class, Sept. 21, from 10 11:30 a.m.;
Families of Deployed Dinner, Sept. 22, from 6
7 p.m.; Heart Link Class, Sept. 23, from 9
-11:30 a.m.; and TSP, Sept. 23, from 11 a.m.
-12:30 p.m. For details and to sign up, call

Helping the Homeless Vets
A collection of deodorant and insect repellant
is needed for our "Homeless Veterans" by Sept.
15. The drop off point is with Ms. Terri L. Sellon
at Patrick AFB Chapel. For further information
contact her at 494-4073.

Register now to win free Harley
Authorized exchange shoppers can enter
to win a Harley Davidson Sportster 883 Low,

valued at $10,000, by simply filling out an en-
try form at any AAFES exchange or Shoppette
before Sept. 17. No purchase is necessary to en-
ter AAFES' Dr. Pepper Harley Davidson sweep-
stakes. Complete details and entry forms are
now available at AAFES Main Stores, Shoppettes
and on www.aafes.com. AAFES officials will ran-
domly select a winner of the Sportster 883 Low
on or about Nov. 2.

Jacksonville Qualifier
If you are an active duty golfer assigned to
Patrick AFB with a handicap index of 8.0 or
below, you are eligible to participate in the
Jacksonville Qualifier on Sept. 19 and 20 at
the Manatee Cove Golf Course. Tee times will
be at 8 a.m. on both days. The low four quali-
fiers in this 36-hole event will represent Patrick
AFB in the 45th Annual Southeast Military
Invitational Golf Tournament at Jacksonville
Naval Air Station. The tournament will be held
Oct. 5 9.
Before competing in the qualifier, make sure
you can go permissive TDY that week. If you are
interested, please sign up before Sept. 18. For
more information, call Fred Mills at 494-7856.

Fall Back in Love with Golf
Three-Month All Inclusive Golf Package: For
$340 this package includes golf, cart and range
balls. Valid for play at any time, through Nov.
30. Any person holding an AGF Card in the last
12 months is not eligible for this special this
includes 6000, 7000, 9000 and any 9500 num-
bers. You can choose to join for one month for
only $125. Not valid for leagues or tournaments.
For more information, call 494-GOLF.

2 For 1 Wednesdays
Pay for one 18-hole round of golf and cart at
regular price and get the second round for free.
Free round must be of same or lesser value and
cannot be combined with any other discount
program. For example, a civilian would pay the
$36 regular rate, not the discounted price of
$30. With this offer, if an AGF comes in with
a paying customer, the AGF will play for free.
This offer expires Oct. 31. For more informa-
tion, call 494-GOLF.

$5 After 5
Play all the golf you want for just $5 green
fees after 5 p.m. (cart not included). For more
information, call 494-GOLF.

http://www. patric k. af. mil

September 11, 2009 Missileer 9

'Ask Capt. Ready'
is brought to you as a
part of the 45th Space
Wing Emergency
Information Program.
If you have any
questions or
comments, please
contact the Readiness
& Emergency
Management Flight at

Captain Ready:
I went to Medical
supply and they
handed me three
Mark 1 kits and one
additional injector
called Diazepam.

What is the Diazepam
auto injector for?
Amn. Sliders

Dear Amn. Sliders:
Diazepam (CANA)
is used to control
seizures after nerve
agent exposure.
The CANA is required
for use only for symp-
tomatic exposure to
a chemical warfare
nerve agent in con-
junction with the use
of the three Mark
Is. CANA should be
administered by a
Review the
Airman's Manual,

section 5 page 146,
147 and page 12 in
the critical informa-
tion checklist (located
in the back side of the

Manual) for additional
information on when
and how to the use
of the CANA and the
Mark 1 kits.

10 September 11, 2009 Missileer

September 11, 2009 Missileer 11

12 September 11, 2009 Missileer

University of Florida Home Page
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All rights reserved.

Acceptable Use, Copyright, and Disclaimer Statement
Last updated October 10, 2010 - - mvs


text:
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Dirk Vander Ploeg's picture

Publisher's Note: I received the following article from Jaye, a HR Team Member of the website Hybrids Rising. it concerns human alien hybrids which I realize by reading your emails is a very important topic for those interests in UFOs and the UFO phenomonon. So read the article belowand visit their website. Enjoy Dirk

We are proud to introduce Hybrids Rising; an educational website earnestly focusing on the Contact Phenomenon from the perspective of truth, compassion and decades of research. The name of this site was formed from the crux of the Contact Phenomenon: The creation of a new Human Hybrid Race of beings. There is an ever prevalent unique community evolving around us. It is our hope the information contained on this site will help others understand, and therefore cope with, Extraterrestrial Contact with Advanced Intelligences which is certainly bound to continue.

Click here to enlarge top photo.

Art credit: http://www.hybridsrising.com

What you will read on Hybrids Rising is not from any one individual, but from credible researchers and sources that have been directly experiencing and studying the Contact Phenomenon for many decades.

The Hybrids Rising Team will attempt to educate people who are in need of help in understanding what may be occurring in their own lives as well as those who are ready to begin to consider the possibility that we are being visited by Advanced Intelligences from other worlds and other realms. On Hybrids Rising we endeavour to explore the following subjects:

A Slice of Time: How Humanity Ended up on the Wrong Side of Reality,

A historical, fact based, fully referenced timeline relating to UFO events and the Contact Phenomenon worldwide; The Secret History of the UFO Phenomenon Timeline: 4780 BC to the National Security Act of 1947; MKULTRA, MJ12, to present day FISA and PRISM and the dauntless efforts of the Disclosure Community. Who is in control? Speak out while you still can.

Where do these beings come from? A Rose by Any Other Name

Explores The Betty Hill Star Map that the Fish, Atterberg, Koch-Kyborg, Danjo, and the Pearse-Hill maps are based upon; and star systems encompassing the Pleiades, Sirius, Orion, Ursa Major, Pegasus, Gliese 581, Kepler 22 and the recent announcement of the Earth-like planet Kepler 186f.

Hybrids Rising’s Möbius Order of Beings explores The Mantis-Insectoids, Tall Blacks, Greys, Brown Dwarfs, Wrinkled Humanoids, Hybrids and The New Race; The Blues, Tall Whites, Blond-Nordics, Reptilians, Dracos and Amphibians.

Mantis & Insectoid

Alien abduction accounts from private and published cases are explored. These include, but are not limited to UFO*BC, David Huggins, Simon Parkes, Danion Kell and from researchers such as Dan Wright, John Carpenter, Kathleen Marden, Denise Stoner, AJ, Dr. David Jacobs and Dr. Richard Boylan.

The Tall Blacks

Explores whether Tall Blacks are a Hybrid Species, and the fact that Africans and people of African descent DO get abducted despite what mainstream thought is concerning Contact. Case reports include information from Norman Bergrun, Danion Kell, Terrell Copeland, EJM, Kelly Cahill, AJ, and Nigel Kern; and advanced medical devices, telepathic “directives,” and other activities involving these beings.

The Greys

The Greys’ unique qualities and shared consciousness abilities are explored, as well as their reproductive focus, physical commonalities and differences; Greys’ craft and cases such as Betty Andreasson, Betty and Barney Hill, AJ and the fantastic art from Object Report are included. We look at what the Greys are doing and why we believe they have been here for a very long time.

Brown Dwarf Aliens

The misunderstood Brown Dwarfs, sometimes referred to as the chubby ETs, are involved in alien abductions much more than people realize. We look at the medical procedures they perform and their search for specific types of Human DNA.

Wrinkled Humanoids

Old Ones and ETs with “Elephant” skin: Are they Hybrids or do these reports represent varied and individual beings? Case reports include those from Albert Rosales, Charles Hickson, Dan Wright, Kesara Dennett and others.

The Hybrids and The New Race of Children

This document explores the ET Human Hybrid Programme, transgenic engineering, transgenic Humans, “alien sex,” Hybrids’ life spans and if one day these beings might reveal themselves overtly to humanity.

The Blue Aliens

Surveying The Blues includes looking at the history of The Anasazi, the Blue Star Kachina; Andromedans, Blue Hybrids, Blue Aliens, Blue Reptilians, and Blue Aquatic Beings. We also look at Indigo Children and Evolutionary Behaviour and ponder why ETs with brown skin are called Blues.

Tall Whites

Could some reports of The Tall Whites actually be of Pleiadians or Blond Nordics? This document reviews Col. Shaw’s and Charles Hall’s contact with these Extraterrestrials as well as more recent Abductee-Experiencers’ contact with Tall White ETs.

Blond-Nordic Aliens

Blond Nordics can shape-shift and exist in a state of dual or shared consciousness. Blonds are teaching Humans about their own dualistic qualities. We discuss Blond Nordics who clone and Human perception: Are these beings really Blonds or are they Hybrids? Could some of them actually be Reptilians?

Reptilian-Dracos and Amphibians

ETs known as Reptilians and Dracos have a great interest in Human DNA and our Human past reveals their presence dating back thousands of years. Are they related to, or have a symbiotic relationship with, Amphibian beings?

Hybrids Rising also explores other researcher’s and Abductee-Experiencers’ insights regarding The Programme of Contact on Earth as well as ET Technology. Join us at Hybrids Rising for an educational platform from which people can learn, grow and continue to educate others about Human Consciousness and the Contact Phenomenon which is inspiring it to expand.

Author articles


text:
Canadian income tax

Most students will not earn enough income from Canadian sources to be required to pay income tax to the Canadian government. However, if you earn income in Canada you are expected to file a tax return every year.

Completing Canadian Income Tax forms can be beneficial to you as you may qualify for a tax refund and long-term tax credits (if you have future Canadian income).

To complete your income tax return, typically you will need these tax-related receipts:

  • T2202A (Tuition and Education Amount) – available through myUFV
  • T4 (Employment Income) – issued by your employer (if applicable)
  • T4A (Scholarship and Bursary Income) – (issued by UFV if applicable)

These tax-related receipts are produced in January and February for the previous tax year. Taxes owing must be paid by April 30, or interest charges will apply.

For further information, access the Canada Revenue Agency’s income tax information for international students.

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WARC-Truncated: length

text:
Republic 4907
RPA4907 · "Brickyard" (all flights)
Washington Dulles Intl ()
Gate A1A
Albany Intl ()
Gate A6
Scheduled: 10:30 EDT
Scheduled: 11:35 EDT
Duration: 1 hour 5 minutes
Friday, 28 June 2013
Status Arrived 2 years ago. (track log & graph)
Aircraft de Havilland Dash 8-400 (twin-turboprop) (DH8D/R – photos)
Speed Filed: 331 kts (graph)
Altitude Filed: 24,000 feet (graph)
Distance Direct: 325 sm    Flown: 373 sm
FareAverage: $230.49 (airline insight)
Route CFB RKA OAKIL (Decode)
Want a full history search for RPA4907 dating back to 1998? Buy now. Get it within one hour.
Date Aircraft Origin Destination Departure Arrival Duration
No History Data (searched last 14 days)
Registered users (registering is free and easy!) view 4 months history. Join

Don't have an account? Register now (free) for customized features, flight alerts, and more!


text:
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text:
• RS Stock No. 725-8322
      • Brand NXP
      • Mfr. Part No. PMGD780SN,115
      NXP PMGD780SN,115 Dual N-channel MOSFET Transistor, 0.49 A, 60 V, 6-pin SOT-363
      Image representative of range
      Product Details

      Dual N-Channel MOSFET, NXP Semiconductors

      MOSFET Transistors, NXP Semiconductors

      To find a similar product, based on selected attributes, click the green button
      CategoryPower MOSFET
      Channel ModeEnhancement
      Channel TypeN
      Dimensions2.2 x 1.35 x 1mm
      Maximum Continuous Drain Current0.49 A
      Maximum Drain Source Resistance0.92 Ω
      Maximum Drain Source Voltage60 V
      Maximum Gate Source Voltage±20 V
      Maximum Operating Temperature+150 °C
      Maximum Power Dissipation0.41 W
      Minimum Operating Temperature-55 °C
      Mounting TypeSurface Mount
      Number of Elements per Chip2
      Package TypeSOT-363
      Pin Count6
      Typical Gate Charge @ Vgs1.05 nC V @ 10
      Typical Input Capacitance @ Vds23 pF V @ 30
      Typical Turn-Off Delay Time5 ns
      Typical Turn-On Delay Time2 ns
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      Components are supplied in the original manufacturer's packaging, ready for insertion into your machinery. Allowing you to reduce waste and improve production efficiency.
      Technical Reference
      • RS Components

        Statement of conformity

        This certificate confirms that the product detailed below complies with the specifications currently published by RS Components and has been subject to the quality conditions of our registration to the BS EN ISO9001:2008 management standard. Furthermore, where applicable, it provides assurance that all electrostatic discharge sensitive devices have been handled and packed under conditions that meet the administrative and technical requirements of the ANSI/ESD S20.20:2007 and the BS EN 61340-5-1:2007 electrostatic control standards.
        RS Stock No. 725-8322
        Description NXP PMGD780SN,115 Dual N-channel MOSFET Transistor, 0.49 A, 60 V, 6-pin SOT-363
        Manufacturer/Brand: NXP
        Mfr. Part No. PMGD780SN,115
        The foregoing information relates to product sold on, or after, the date shown below.
        Date Sep 1, 2015
        RS Components Ltd, Birchington Road, Corby, Northamptonshire, NN17 9RS, UK
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text:
• Endocrinology

    The Division of Pediatric Endocrinology evaluates and treats disorders of the endocrine system in children, including growth problems, pubertal development, thyroid disorders and diabetes. Since these diseases can affect the lives of the entire family, counselors and specialists are also part of a team that helps children and families deal with every aspect of the disease.

    Some of the pediatric endocrine disorders we treat are:

    • Diabetes mellitus
    • Growth disorders
    • Pituitary gland disorders
    • Thyroid disorders
    • Problems of calcium metabolism
    • Precocious and delayed puberty
    • Adrenal gland disorders

    Adult Endocrinology »

  • State-of-the-art facilities

    Our outpatient clinics operate five days each week, seeing approximately 2,500 patients each year. Patients in Eastern Kentucky with diabetes mellitus can visit one of our traveling clinics devoted exclusively to the treatment and management of the disease.

    Traveling clinics

    We have a team of specialists who travel to clinics throughout the state to see established patients with diabetes mellitus closer to home.

    Traveling clinics are for children who have already established cared in our Lexington office. Clinics are located in:

    Knox County Health Department
    261 Hospital Drive
    Barbourville KY 40906
    Phone: 606-546-3486

    Wayne County Health Department
    1020 S. Main St.
    Monticello KY 42633
    Phone: 606-348-9349

    Pike County Health Department
    119 River Drive
    Pikeville KY 41501
    Phone: 606-437-5500

  • Other Providers:

    Leslie K. Scott, PhD, APRN, CDE

    Debra Howard, APRN

  • Patient appointments

    HBCicon120x123 This is a clinic of the University of Kentucky Hospital, also known as UK Albert B. Chandler Hospital. Read more »

    Request an appointment online or
    call 859-323-6211

    Clinic location

    Kentucky Clinic |  Directions »
    Second Floor, Wing D
    740 S. Limestone
    Lexington KY 40536-0298

    Mailing address

    Kentucky Clinic
    Division of Pediatric Endocrinology
    740 S. Limestone, J464
    Lexington KY 40536-0298
    Phone: 859-323-5404
    Fax: 859-323-8179


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Site Map

Play-Asia.com - Japanese Video Games, Accessories & News

Command & Conquer: Red Alert 2: Yuri's Revenge

2001 Westwood (EA Games)

Oh man.. where to begin? Longtime UCD readers already know what a large fan I am of this game (and in fact how much I kick ass at it.) So forgive me if this review is a little fanboyish, but this is simply the greatest RTS game I've ever played, hands down.

The Story: After the Allied Victory the Soviet Union is dissolved and Premier Vladimir Romanov is imprisoned in the tower of London. The world is finally at peace, however Yuri the diabolical psychic madman takes this opportunity to enact his own plan for world domination. Yuri activates a network of Psychic Dominators placed around the world in secret to control the minds of every living human being. A last minute air strike destroys a single dominator, allowing the Allied High command to escape into the past with Einstein's chronosphere time machine to go back and destroy Yuri's army before he can take over. The Allied missions seem to take place concurrently to the missions in Red Alert 2, while the Soviet Missions diverge significantly. In fact one of the missions titled "Deja Vu" is in fact an Allied Mission from Red Alert 2 where instead of protecting the Chronosphere you play as the Soviets in an attempt to destroy it.

Each mission has the standard FMV briefing, each which is a mix of live actors in sets coupled with CGI cutscenes of various units from the game battling and blowing each other up. Many of the same actors return from Red Alert 2 and the acting and dialog is handled with the same amount of campiness. These FMV sequences are cheesy, but are high res and the CGI is excellent.

In the interest of saving time I will not reiterate all of the Allied and Soviet units and such from the main game as most of them remain unchanged, however there are a few major additions. New for the Allies is the GI Guardian, who is armed with a light rifle but when deployed attacks with a heavy rocket launcher. As the anti-tank infantry the Guardian cannot be run over. The Allies also get the Battle Fortress, which is a very, very, very large tank - a tank that is so large it can in fact run over other tanks. Cool thing about this unit is that any infantry placed inside of it adds to it's firepower, so five Guardians inside of the Battle Fortress will allow it to fire with five rockets. Best thing about the BF is that it fires independently of the direction it's moving, thus making a ranked BF with five ranked Guardians the most powerful unit in the game. Allies also get a Robot Tank that can hover over water and is immune to Mind control.

Soviets lose out a bit in the Deal. They lose all of Yuri's psychic and bioengineering technology (Psychic beacons, Yuri clones, Cloning Vats, etc) but retain the mind controlled Squid for some reason. The Soviets gain the Battle Bunker, which is essentially a building that can be garrisoned with troops. Most significant Soviet additions are the Siege Choppers, which is a helicopter that when deployed fires a long range cannon (which is good as before this Soviets had no real air power) and Boris, who is like the Soviet counterpart to Tanya. Boris cannot swim but has the ability to call in an air strike from a distance, thus allowing him to destroy base defenses like Prism towers or Tesla Coils without being harmed.

Best of all this expansion pack gives us Yuri's army, which is a whole new side to play as. Yuri uses mind control, genetic manipulation, and chainguns, for some reason.

Any problems with the game? Well.. there are no single player missions for Yuri, which blows. Another bad thing is that Yuri's army is so powerful that most people refuse to play him online - calling Yuri "Cheap" and "Cheating." True the odds seem to be stacked in Yuri's favor, his ability to mind control, shut off base defenses, steal credits from refineries, etc make him very strong. But overall the three sides seem pretty balanced. There really is no inherent advantage that one side has that cannot be defeated with strategy and the right combination of units.

Overall an excellent game, good single player missions (that don't take themselves too seriously) and truly excellent multiplayer. As with the rest of the C&C series this expansion pack has recently been re-released in the C&C: The First Decade bundleware pack. Here's hoping C&C 3 lives up to this standard.

Back to Game Reviews Main Page


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Sputum stain for mycobacteria

Toggle: English / Spanish

Sputum stain for mycobacteria is a test to check for a type of bacteria that cause tuberculosis and other infections.

Alternative Names

Acid fast bacilli stain; AFB stain; Tuberculosis smear; TB smear

How the test is performed

This test requires a sample of sputum.

  • To do this, you will be be asked to cough deeply and spit the substance that comes up from the lungs (sputum) into a container.
  • You may be asked to breath in a mist of salty steam. This makes you cough more deeply and produce sputum.
  • If you still don't produce enough sputum, you might have a bronchoscopy.

The test sample is examined under a microscope. Another test, called a culture, is done to confirm the results. A culture test takes a few days to get results. This sputum test can give your doctor a quick, early answer.

How to prepare for the test

It can help to drink a lot of fluids the night before the test. It makes the test more accurate if it's done first thing in the morning.

How the test will feel

There is no discomfort, unless a bronchoscopy needs to be performed.

Why the test is performed

The test is performed when the doctor suspects tuberculosis or other Mycobacterium infection.

Normal Values

Results are normal when no mycobacterial organisms are found.

What abnormal results mean

Abnormal results show that the stain is positive for:

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Mycobacterium avium-intracellular
  • Other mycobacteria or acid-fast bacteria

What the risks are

There are no risks, unless bronchoscopy is performed.

Special considerations

To increase the accuracy of this test, it is sometimes done three times, often three days in a row.

There are more sophisticated tests that are sometimes used to stain sputum for mycobacteria. Check with your health care provider to see if these are available in the laboratory.

Septimus EJ. Pleural effusion and empyema.In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds.Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2009:chap 65.

Murray PR, Witebsky FG. The clinician and the microbiology laboratory. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds.Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2009:chap 17.

Version Info

  • Last reviewed on 12/6/2011
  • David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Jatin M. Vyas, PhD, MD, Instructor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch)

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- 2013 A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.


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Sirolimus (By mouth)

Sirolimus (sir-OH-li-mus)

Given after a kidney transplant to keep your body from rejecting the new kidney.

Brand Name(s)

When This Medicine Should Not Be Used

How to Use This Medicine

Liquid, Tablet

  • Take your medicine as directed.
  • You may take this medicine with or without food. However, you should take it the same way (with or without food) each time.
  • Read and follow the patient instructions that come with this medicine. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions.
  • Swallow the tablet whole. Do not crush, break, or chew it. If you are unable to take the tablet form, your doctor will give you an oral liquid and be given instructions on how to take it.
  • Use the syringe (plastic needle) that comes with the bottle of the oral liquid to draw the right amount of medicine out of the bottle. Empty the medicine from the syringe into a glass or plastic cup. Mix the medicine with at least 2 ounces (¼ cup or 60 mL) water or orange juice. Drink it right away. Add another 4 ounces (½ cup or 120 mL) of water or orange juice to the cup, swirl or mix it around, and then drink it right away to make sure you have taken all the medicine.
  • Throw away the syringe after you have used it.
  • The oral liquid may be mixed with water or orange juice only. Do not use apple juice or grapefruit juice.
  • If you get any of the oral liquid on your skin, wash the area with soap and water. If you get it in your eyes, rinse them with plain water.

If a dose is missed:

  • Take a dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, wait until then and take a regular dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up for a missed dose.

How to Store and Dispose of This Medicine

  • Store the oral liquid in the refrigerator. Do not freeze. You may leave the medicine out at room temperature for a short while, but keep it away from extreme hot or cold temperatures. If you see a slight haze or cloudiness in the bottle, leave it out at room temperature and shake it until the haze disappears. Then prepare the medicine as usual.
  • Store the tablets at room temperature in a closed container, away from heat, moisture, and direct light.
  • Ask your pharmacist, doctor, or health caregiver about the best way to dispose of any outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.
  • Keep all medicine out of the reach of children. Never share your medicine with anyone.

Drugs and Foods to Avoid

Ask your doctor or pharmacist before using any other medicine, including over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products.

  • Do not take clarithromycin (Biaxin®), erythromycin (Ery-Tab®), itraconazole (Sporanox®), ketoconazole (Nizoral®), rifabutin (Mycobutin®), rifampin (Rifadin®, Rimactane®), telithromycin (Ketek®), or voriconazole (Vfend®) while you are being treated with this medicine, unless your doctor tells you to.
  • Make sure your doctor knows if you are also using cyclosporine (Gengraf®, Neoral®, Sandimmune®). If you are also taking cyclosporine, take it at least 4 hours before taking sirolimus.
  • Tell your doctor if you are also using an aminoglycoside medicine (such as gentamicin, tobramycin, or Garamycin®), amphotericin B (Fungizone®), bromocriptine (Parlodel®), carbamazepine (Tegretol®), cimetidine (Tagamet®), cisapride (Propulsid®), clotrimazole (Lotrimin®), danazol (Danocrine®), diltiazem (Dilacor®), fluconazole (Diflucan®), indinavir (Crixivan®), metoclopramide (Reglan®), nicardipine (Cardene®), phenobarbital (Luminal®), phenytoin (Dilantin®), rifapentine (Priftin®), ritonavir (Norvir®), troleandomycin (Tao®), verapamil (Isoptin®), or St. John's wort.
  • Make sure your doctor knows if you are using a blood pressure medicine (such as enalapril, lisinopril, Accupril®, Lotrel®, or Zestril®) or medicine to lower cholesterol (such as atorvastatin, Lipitor®, Lopid®, or Zocor®).
  • Do not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice while you are using this medicine.
  • This medicine may interfere with vaccines. Ask your doctor before you get a flu shot or any other vaccines.

Warnings While Using This Medicine

  • Using this medicine while you are pregnant can harm your unborn baby. Use an effective form of birth control to keep from getting pregnant, and keep using it for at least 12 weeks after you stop taking sirolimus. If you think you have become pregnant while using the medicine, tell your doctor right away.
  • Make sure your doctor knows if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or if you or your child have liver disease, lung disease, high cholesterol or fats in the blood, any type of infection, swelling problems (such as ascites, peripheral edema, pleural effusion), or a history of skin cancer.
  • This medicine may increase your chance of getting an infection or of developing certain types of cancer, especially skin cancer or cancer of the lymph system (lymphoma). Talk to your doctor if you or your child have concerns about this risk.
  • This medicine may cause serious types of allergic reactions including anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention. Call your doctor right away if you or your child have a rash; itching; hoarseness; trouble breathing; trouble swallowing; or any swelling of your hands, face, lips, or throat while you are using this medicine.
  • This medicine may also increase your risk of bleeding and cause delay in wound healing. Stay away from rough sports or other situations where you could be bruised, cut, or injured. Brush and floss your teeth gently. Be careful when using sharp objects, including razors and fingernail clippers. Check with your doctor right away if you or your child notice any unusual bleeding or bruising; black, tarry stools; blood in the urine or stools; or pinpoint red spots on your skin.
  • This medicine may increase your cholesterol and fats in the blood. If this condition occurs, your doctor may give you or your child some medicines that can lower the amount of cholesterol and fats in the blood.
  • This medicine may increase your risk of developing a rare and serious virus infection called BK virus-associated nephropathy (BKVAN). The BK virus may affect how your kidneys work and cause a transplanted kidney to fail. Check with your doctor right away if you or your child are having more than one of these symptoms: bloody urine; a decreased frequency or amount of urine; increased thirst; loss of appetite; lower back or side pain; nausea; swelling of the face, fingers, or lower legs; trouble with breathing; unusual tiredness or weakness; vomiting; or weight gain.
  • This medicine may increase your risk of developing a serious and rare brain infection called progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Check with your doctor right away if you or your child are having more than one of these symptoms: vision changes, loss of coordination, clumsiness, confusion, memory loss, difficulty speaking or understanding what others say, and weakness in the legs.
  • This medicine may make your skin more sensitive to sunlight. Wear sunscreen. Do not use sunlamps or tanning beds.
  • Your doctor will check your progress and the effects of this medicine at regular visits. Keep all appointments.
  • Your doctor will do lab tests at regular visits to check on the effects of this medicine. Keep all appointments.

Possible Side Effects While Using This Medicine

Call your doctor right away if you notice any of these side effects:

  • Allergic reaction: Itching or hives, swelling in your face or hands, swelling or tingling in your mouth or throat, chest tightness, trouble breathing
  • Back or flank pain, or severe stomach pain.
  • Blistering, peeling, or red skin rash.
  • Blurred vision, confusion, convulsions, or drowsiness.
  • Changes in how much or how often you urinate, painful urination, or cloudy or bloody urine.
  • Chest pain.
  • Coughing up blood or mucus (phlegm, snot), or severe shortness of breath.
  • Dry mouth, increased thirst or hunger, or muscle cramps.
  • Fast, pounding, or uneven heartbeat.
  • Fever, chills, cough, sore throat, and body aches.
  • Lightheadedness, dizziness, or fainting.
  • Lumps in your neck, armpits, or groin.
  • Rapid weight gain.
  • Swelling in your hands, ankles, or feet.
  • Unusual bleeding or bruising, pinpoint red spots on skin, or pale skin.
  • Unusual weakness or tiredness.
  • Yellowing of your skin or the whites of your eyes.

If you notice these less serious side effects, talk with your doctor:

  • Cold sores.
  • Diarrhea, constipation, nausea, or vomiting, or mild stomach pain.
  • Gaining weight around your neck, upper back, breast, face, or waist.
  • Headache.
  • Joint pain.
  • Mild skin rash or acne.
  • Shakiness or tremors.

If you notice other side effects that you think are caused by this medicine, tell your doctor

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088

Version Info

  • Last reviewed on 7/4/2015

A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission ( URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- 2013 A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.


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Living Donor Liver Team

Living Donor Liver Transplant Program

If you've had a liver transplant at UMMC or are on the wait list for a liver transplant at UMMC, we invite you to join our liver transplant community on Facebook and share your journey with other patients.

Living Donor Liver Team

The safety and health of living donors is our program's first priority, particularly because living donors are assuming medical risks for a voluntary surgery. Each donor will have a thorough evaluation to ensure suitability. A team of professionals including a donor surgeon, nurse coordinator, living donor advocate, and financial coordinator work with each donor to assess readiness and to help prepare for surgery. This team is different than the team that works with the recipient to ensure confidentiality and objectivity. The donor team advocates for the best interest of each donor.

Donor Surgeon

Donors will be evaluated by a donor surgeon, who will complete a physical evaluation of each donor to ensure medical suitability and will also provide a thorough explanation of the medical risks of the procedure. They will be available to answer questions and address concerns. The donor surgeon also meets with the donor post-operatively to assess their recovery.

Nurse Coordinator

Living donors will be assigned to a nurse coordinator who will coordinate all testing and evaluations for donors, communicate results, and provide education and support throughout the donation experience. The donor nurse coordinator is available to answer questions about testing, preparation for surgery, the inpatient hospitalization and the donor's post-operative needs.

Living Donor Advocate

A living donor advocate is assigned to all living donors and individuals considering the donation. While a psychosocial assessment is required for all donors as part of the evaluation process, the living donor advocate is also available to answer questions of individuals considering donation. The donor advocate provides education, counseling, and advocacy to donors throughout the donation process.

Financial Coordinator

All donors have the option of meeting with a financial coordinator. Since the recipient's insurance covers the cost of the donor's work-up and surgery, the financial coordinator coordinates all billing and ensures that donor's receive accurate information about billing procedures for the pre-surgical evaluation, surgery, and any post-operative follow-up needs to avoid cost to the donor.

To learn more about living donor liver transplantation, please call 410-328-3444.

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2015 Global Staff Advisory Council

UMUC staff provide a wide range of services and expertise critical to the fulfillment of the university's mission. In recognition of this essential role, staff advisory councils were established at UMUC's three headquarters locations.

Consistent with the concept of shared governance, the advisory councils allow staff to have a voice in basic decisions that affect the welfare of the institution and its employees, including an informed advisory role in administrative areas and in the functional support aspects of academic matters.

2015 Global Staff Advisory Council Officers

  • Chair: Louie Anne Batac
  • Vice Chair: Frederick Merman
  • Secretary: Diana Denby

2015 Global Staff Advisory Council Members

Adelphi Staff Advisory Council

  • Alyssa Petroff
  • Cynthia Steele
  • Daniel Paulino
  • Heather Gatzke
  • Jade Walker

Europe Staff Advisory Council

  • Brooke Brown
  • Diana Denby
  • Madelaine Hossack
  • Vincent Ormsby

Asia Staff Advisory Council

  • Christine Arnett
  • Louie Anne Batac
  • Karolina Livingston
  • Quinn Pogvara

Ex-Officio Member

  • Marcia Watson


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Denmark recognizes possibility of funding UN-REDD Programme

A Second UN-REDD Programme Policy Board Meeting convened in Switzerland – significant progress made – Denmark recognized possibility of funding UN-REDD Programme

The United Nations Collaborative Programme on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries (UN-REDD Programme) held its second policy board meeting on 14 and 15 June 2009 in Montreux, Switzerland, back-to-back with the meeting of the World Bank Forest Carbon Partnership Facility. The UN Programme co-chairs were Ms. Angela Cropper, Deputy Executive Director of UNEP, and Mr. Eduardo Reyes, Sub-Administrator General, National Environmental Authority of Panama. The growing interest in the Programme was demonstrated by the increased number of participants. The meeting marked the first time that the full membership of the board had been in session, notably with full and broad participation of indigenous peoples and civil society organizations, together with representatives of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the World Bank, the Global Environment Facility and potential new donors.

The board took note of the establishment of the Secretariat in Geneva and the appointment of Mr Yemi Katarere as the Head of the Secretariat and approved a budget over the meeting for its operation under the Global Programme. Following a review of progress and the Programme’s workplan, the board noted that once the final allocations from the Multi-Donor Trust Fund had been made, the initial funding provided by the Government of Norway would be fully programmed. The board therefore welcomed the announcement by the Government of Denmark that, given the significant progress made and how well the Programme’s work augured for the future, it was exploring the possibility of funding UN-REDD, with the details to be announced subsequently.

The board expressed great interest in issues such as measurement, reporting and verification (MRV), possible issues and opportunities in achieving multiple benefits for biodiversity and livelihoods from REDD as well as governance and participation. The plan of work 2009–2010 was presented and welcomed by the board. Guidance was given to the Programme on how to engage indigenous peoples, other forest-dependent communities and civil society organizations fully in all aspects of the UN-REDD Programme. An opportunity was offered to share perspectives on how to gain access to existing networks of expertise to obtain the best available advice. The board recognized the Programme’s efforts to continue to work on harmonized components of REDD readiness with the World Bank’s Forest Carbon Partnership Facility, in addition to aligning guidelines for the engagement of indigenous peoples and civil society organizations and potential future collaboration with the Global Environment Facility.

Representatives of the programme countries (Bolivia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Indonesia, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Tanzania and Zambia) made presentations on their progress, while Viet Nam provided a written report in that regard. Following a comprehensive discussion on the presentation by Panama, the board recommended that Panama submit its national programme for intersessional consideration and welcomed the emphasis laid on nationally led and implemented programmes.

The board took note of the presentation on a proposed high-level event on REDD during the General Assembly in New York in September 2009. At the conclusion of the meeting, the co-chairs commended the progress made towards setting the standard for efforts to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. The board is considering that its third meeting may take place in October 2009.


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We Are All More Connected Than We Think

This is a short story in the form of a touching email I received recently. It demonstrates how life sometimes comes full circle in odd and delightful ways.When Dan and I recall all the unusual yet universal connections we've uncovered throughout our travels and life experiences, we often reflect on how "we're all more connected than we think." However, each time … [Read more...]

Birthday Month – A Charity: Water Challenge

Collecting Water at the Well - Old Dhaka, Bangladesh

Before you continue reading, go to your nearest water faucet, turn it on for a few seconds, turn it off, then stand back.The simple task you just performed constitutes a dream for nearly a billion people around the world. Why are we telling you this? Because we hope to use our birthdays this month as a platform to give to an organization that aims to deliver on … [Read more...]

Travel-Reinforced Life Lessons and The Why (Our WDS Presentation on the Short)

WDS 2012

The following is a selection of twelve lessons we shared in our talk at the World Domination Summit (WDS), plus one of those aha! moments.When Chris Guillebeau asked us to speak at WDS about our lives and what we’ve learned, we were beyond honored and excited. Then reality hit.Holy poop. What are we going to say in front of all those people?!In front of … [Read more...]

Speaking at Conferences, Hiding in Yurts: An Update

Mt. Rainier on a Clear Day - Seattle

This is a story about crisscrossing North America, speaking to audiences in Vancouver, Miami and Denver, recharging in a defunct hippie commune outside of Seattle, preparing to speak to 1,000 people in Portland, and apologizing for withholding a few pages of our story from you over the last couple of weeks. … [Read more...]


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Your location: Home >  > Multimedia > Webcasts

Webcasts and videos
Designated National Authorities (DNAs)
Date Location Meeting
Nov 2012 Doha, Qatar 14th meeting of the CDM DNA Forum
Oct 2012 Belize City, Belize Regional Latin America and Caribbean DNA Training and Workshop
Jul 2012 Manila, Philippines Regional Asia, Pacific and Eastern Europe DNA Training
 Apr 2012 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Regional African DNA training and workshop
Mar 2012 Bonn, Germany Thirteenth meeting of the CDM DNA Forum and DNA training
Nov 2011 Durban, South Africa Twelfth meeting of the CDM DNA Forum
Sep 2011 Kathmandu, Nepal Regional Asia and the Pacific CDM DNA Forum
Jul 2011 Marrakesh, Morocco African Region CDM Project Cycle Training & Regional African CDM DNA Forum
Mar 2011 Bonn Eleventh DNA Forum Meeting
Nov 2010 Cancun, Mexico Tenth DNA Forum Meeting
Jun 2010 Bonn Ninth DNA Forum Meeting and DNA Briefing
Webcast archive
Compliance Committee
DNA Forum
Press conferences
Transitional Committee for the Design of the Green Climate Fund
Technology Executive Committee
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Standing Committee on Finance


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Snapshot: Who's at LACMA

March 6, 2009

Elise, UCLA student

Elise, UCLA student

What are you planning on doing after this?
I have rehearsal for an a capella group I'm in, so I'm running off to that.

Have you ever been inspired by art?
Yes. My roommates and I call it "projecting." Typically, mine is fashion related; I like to paint on shirts and create something.

What are you reading right now?
The Amazing Adventures of  Kavalier and Clay.

Dr. Craig Stanford

Dr. Craig Stanford

What do you do?
I'm a professor of anthropology at USC.

Why did you come to the museum today?
It's my birthday.

Have you ever been inspired by art?
Some of the landscape artists inspire me to go see those places, like the Alps or the Rockies, because we didn't have cameras then and you want to see how an artist portrayed the landscape 150 years ago.

Rachel Mullennix and Michael Storc


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Center for International Education
December 2006

Lukens and McNamee win $2,000 research grants

Nancy Lukens, professor of German and women's studies, was awarded a $2,000 grant to spend a part of summer 2006 in Germany and Switzerland. As noted in her recent travel report, Lukens first delivered a lecture and lead a discussion relating the life and thought of Dietrich Bonhoeffer to that of his contemporary Adam von Trott, both executed for their roles in the attempt to overthrow Hitler's regime.

The second part of her trip focused on the preparation of a new course titled "Germany and Its 'Others,'" for which Lukens conducted videotaped interviews with permanent residents from other cultures.

Sheila McNamee, professor of communication, received a grant to support work she is doing with colleagues at the Universities of Sao Paulo, Uberlandia and Barao de Maua, in Brazil, to develop a collaborative education program for training health care professionals.


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So I wasn't sure if this question would go best here or on Overflow or Server Fault, but decided to try here first. I'm installing LAMP on a VPS, and am running into issues configuring and building PHP. I've got MySQL installed, and it seems to be running fine. I'm trying to just go for a basic install of PHP with MySQL support as instructions are given here:

Here's the configure command I was running:

./configure –with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs –with-mysql

I was getting this error:

configure: error: Cannot find MySQL header files under yes.
Note that the MySQL client library is not bundled anymore!

I just had a basic, default MySQL install with yum install mysql-server mysql.

After some Googling, I installed mysql-devel to get rid of that error:

yum install mysql-devel

Then I started getting this error:

configure: error: Try adding –with-zlib-dir=<DIR>. Please check config.log for more   information.

Okay. So I changed my command to:

./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-mysql --with-zlib

Now I just get this:

configure: error: mysql configure failed. Please check config.log for more information.

Honestly kind of lost at this point. I'm looking at the config.log, but not exactly sure what I need to be looking for. Here's the sections I think may be relevant:

configure:60061: gcc -o conftest -I/usr/include -g -O2 -fvisibility=hidden-Wl,-rpath,/usr/lib/mysql -L/usr/lib/mysql -L/usr/lib  conftest.c -lmysqlclient  -lz -lrt -lm -ldl -lnsl  -lxml2 -lz -lm -lxml2 -lz -lm 1>&5
/usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.so when searching for -lmysqlclient
/usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.a when searching for -lmysqlclient
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lmysqlclient
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
configure: failed program was:
#line 60050 "configure"
#include "confdefs.h"

Any thoughts? Or should I be looking at something else in config.log?

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3 Answers 3

up vote 1 down vote accepted

I recommend looking for binary packages for your distribution.

If you want to stick with building from source, I recommend that you start from a pristine source when you've installed new libraries. The configure program keeps a cache of what it's found, and sometimes won't realize that the cache is no longer up-to-date. If configure has finished running and produced a Makefile, then run make distclean. Otherwise, if PHP isn't doing anything too exotic, rm config.cache config.status should do the trick.

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The manual you are following is bit complex. I suggest you following Linode Guide on LAMP stack. Follow the steps one by one (it will hardly take 20 minutes) and you are done.

NOTE: If you are planning to run some open source apps then skip Suhosin (php5-suhosin) package for now. It gave problem with Wordpress on Linode.

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Thanks, I'll give that a try. –  Nate Nov 3 '11 at 21:27
Yay, got it all working with that guide! Just put up my first page on the VPS using mysql_connect to prove it. Thanks for the help. –  Nate Nov 4 '11 at 0:43

If you have installed MySQL from source you would also have to install/compile mysql-connector so that PHP can find the required header files.

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