text:
• Report: #2265
Complaint Review:

Flowers by Calyx and Corolla

  • Submitted: Tue, May 16, 2000
  • Updated: Tue, May 16, 2000

  • Reported By:Tempe Arizona
Flowers by Calyx and Corolla
San Francisco, California & Nationwide U.S.A.
  • Phone: 800-800-7788
  • Web:
  • Category: Florists

Flowers by Calyx and Corolla Really Stunk

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I ordered a bouquet of flowers for Mothers Day -- the extra-large $130 Scent of Spring Bouquet, with a vase. As described on their web site, this bouquet includes 13 stems with greenery, with stargazer lilies which have 3-4 blossoms per stem.

They profess to deliver fresher flowers than you could get at your local florist, since they are shipped directly from the grower. What was delivered was 9 stems (7 floral stems, plus two greenery stems), in a pathetically small arrangement (quite a difference from the image on their web site).

The flowers were completely wilted, delivered a day late, and had been shipped without vials of water. The irises were brown around the tips and died the next day without opening. THe two lilies on two stems had come one-to-a-stem, not the 3-4 per stem as advertised, and were wilted. In short, it looked like something that had been procured on a dumpster-diving excursion at the Flower Mart.

A call to their 800-number resulted in a promise to refund the cost of the flower portion of the order, and a redelivery of an acceptable bouquet. More dead flowers were delivered --- but, the bouquet *was* larger. The snapdragons which they substituted for Stock were so wilted, they didnt even stand erect. And, to add insult to injury, I WAS CHARGED FOR THIS DELIVERY.

I had one other experience with Calyx and Corolla a couple of years ago. A friend had some orchids from C&C delivered to me. When they arrived, none of the blossoms remained on the stems, and they were crispy, they were so dead. A call to customer service resulted in a replacement which was acceptable. In that case I gave them the benefit of the doubt --- I figured the grower had screwed up. The most recent fiasco, however, left me feeling defrauded.

This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 05/16/2000 12:00 AM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/reports/flowers-by-calyx-and-corolla/san-francisco-california-nationwide/flowers-by-calyx-and-corolla-really-stunk-2265. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.

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19th International Conference
on Ethics Across the Curriculum

Grand Valley State University
Grand Rapids, Michigan
Dates: October 5-7, 2017

Phyllis (Peggy) Vandenberg (Grand Valley University)
Eric Wingrove-Haugland (US Coast Guard Academy)

Registration, Program,
Travel, Accommodations,

Call for Papers

Theme: Education for Ethical Leaders

Thursday October 5 at 11:00 AM
Keynote Address: Joanne Ciulla

The conference will correspond with the ARTPRIZE event in Grand Rapids. This is the perfect environment to explore how the arts can empower and transform individuals into ethical leaders, including the role of activism and group projects and the models of leadership found in art, film, and music. More broadly, our theme explores how we can educate students to develop into courageous and ethical leaders within their professional, social, and personal communities. What specific exercises, strategies, service learning projects, artistic media, readings, experiences, or discussion help develop ethical leadership skills and are the practices easily applicable across the curriculum?

Although we encourage papers on the conference theme, we welcome those addressing any aspect of teaching ethics across the curriculum.

Submissions may include full papers or abstracts (no more than 250 words). Session formats will include papers, panels, case study analysis and discussion, and pedagogical demonstrations.

Presentations are typically 20-25 minutes in length, allowing for 5-10 minutes Q&A. Submissions are to be formatted for blind review and submitted by August 21st, 2017 via EasyChair.

The Society publishes Teaching Ethics, and papers for conferences may be sent to the editors for their consideration for publication.

Past Conferences

Sponsored by:

Updated March 31, 2017

Contact Wade Robison for suggestions or corrections.

Membership Application

Home | Constitution | Officers | Conferences | Membership Application | Links

Partially Funded by FIPSE
Copyright © 2000, SEAC. All rights reserved.

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Monday 7:30 am - 5:30 pm
Tuesday 7:30 am - 5:30 pm
Wednesday 7:30 am - 5:30 pm
Thursday 7:30 am - 5:30 pm
Friday 7:30 am - 5:30 pm
Saturday Closed
Sunday Closed

Our Location

Riverside Autoplex Poteau
2100 South Broadway
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Mike Nobles
Service Manager


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Riverside Autoplex Poteau
Sales: 918.647.2228
Riverside Autoplex Poteau Search Icon

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Sales Hours

Monday 8:30 am - 7:00 pm
Tuesday 8:30 am - 7:00 pm
Wednesday 8:30 am - 7:00 pm
Thursday 8:30 am - 7:00 pm
Friday 8:30 am - 7:00 pm
Saturday 8:30 am - 6:00 pm
Sunday Closed

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Riverside Autoplex Poteau
2100 South Broadway
Poteau, OK 74953 Get Directions

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Kenny Nelson
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Jared Cunningham
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Holley Caldwell
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Jeremy Tissington
General Sales Manager

Business Development Center

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Mountain Home, AR 72653

Owner Russell Robinett
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Pole Barns
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The lighthouse at Leptis Magna

The harbour at Leptis Magna is a bay between two headlands, as this map from the web shows (click on the images for full-size).

Map of Leptis Magna

It is silted up now, and a sandy beach runs between the two:

Lighthouse at Leptis Magna

On the far headland stands the lighthouse, or what now remains of it.  It is falling into the sea, and another century will see it gone.  The Italians would, of course, have done something about this, but the Libyans never have.

I climbed up the headland, and took this closer photograph, looking north-east, where it seems relatively complete:

The Lighthouse at Leptis Magna, looking North-East

I then walked round to the left and took another, which makes the sea’s closeness clearer.

The lighthouse of Leptis Magna from the rear

The sea has demolished the left hand wall, as can be seen if you climb up close.  The interior is now a shell, with the sea tossing at the bottom.

I don’t think many people will be going to Libya this year, but we should remember how much there is there which is well worth our seeing.

Dreaming of Rome

For the last few days I have been dipping into a general tourist guide to Rome at odd points during the day.  It’s been very pleasant, imagining myself there, thinking of the Piazza Navona or the Spanish Steps, or the little shop not far from the Pantheon where one can buy bread and cheese and other essentials.

But today I found myself reading a section about the Appian Way, running south-west from the city.  The Baths of Caracalla I have seen; but beyond these the road runs out through the Aurelian walls of Rome, and down past various catacombs to the tomb of Cecilia Metella (reconstruction image left from here).  The circus of Maxentius is nearby, and the guidebook vaguely refers to the ruins of an “imperial palace” nearby.

I’d like to see these.  But I realise that I have no real idea how to do so.  In central Rome I walk, or I take the metro.  But I would like to be able to get a bit further.  I’d like to be able to hire a car and driver and go to Ostia, or to the ruins of Hadrian’s villa.

What does one do?  Has anyone any tales to tell?

I mistrust taxis in Rome.  I well remember picking up a taxi at Termini to go to my hotel — which was almost walking distance away — and noticing with surprise that the meter started, not at zero, but at 20 euros.  That was a pricey trip; and when the time came to return I walked back.

I must go to Rome again.  Only … my last visit was by myself, to photograph a manuscript.  It was cheap enough to do, and to take a flight by Easyjet — was it Easyjet? — to Rome and an Easyjet minibus as far as Termini.  But it was a lonely trip, really.  I remember feeling lonely while I was there.  My other trips have been as part of tours, with people to talk to if I wanted.  Perhaps I need to find a Rome tour that will do much of this with me.  But where, I wonder?

Mithras in the Greek Magical Papyri

A chance query led me to Betz’ English translation of the Greek magical papyri.  This is a collection of magical texts in multiple volumes discovered at Thebes in the early 19th century.  The best known of these is the so-called Mithras liturgy, which is in reality just a spell like the rest.  The reason it is called the Mithras liturgy is that it contains a mention of “Helios Mithras”.

Anyway, I got the PDF of Betz’ translations and did a search on “Mithr”.  To my astonishment, I started getting results in some of the other magical texts in the collection.  Here are some excerpts from the spells:

From PGM III, 1-164; lines 71-85:

“I conjure you, the powerful and mighty angel of this animal in this place; rouse yourself for me, and perform the NN [deed] both on this very day and in every hour and day; rouse yourself for me against my enemies, NN, and perform NN deed” (add the usual), “for I conjure you by IAO SABAOTH ADONAI ABRASAX, and by the great god, IAEO” (formula), “AEEIOYW WYOIEEA CHABRAX PHNESKER PHIKO PHNYRO PHWCHW BWCH / ABLANATHANALBA ARRAMMACHAMARI SESENGENBARPHARANGES MITHRA NAMAZAR ANAMARIA DAMNAMENEU CHEU CHTHO[NIE] THORTOEI, holy king, the Sailor, [who steers] the tiller of the lord god, rouse [yourself] for me, great cat-faced one, steerer of the tiller [of God], perform the NN deed (add the usual), from this very day, immediately, immediately; quickly, quickly. …

The footnote indicates that the portion that I have placed in italics, which is repeated on line 100, may be garbled Greek for Damnameneu, Zeu cthonie, identifying Helios-Mithras with Hades.  Note the Jewish names of power somewhat earlier, and the invocation of the Greek vowels, first in one direction, then the other.

And lines 99-104 of the same:

“Halt, halt the sacred boat,” steersman of the sacred boat! Even you, Meliouchos, / I will bind to your moorings, until I hold converse with sacred Helios. Yea, greatest Mithra, NAMAZAR ANAMARIA DAMNAMENEU CHEU CHTHONIE THONTOEI, holy king, the sailor, he who controls the tiller of the lord god,”

In PGM III, 424-466, a spell for knowledge, on line 439 we find the following interesting remark, mentioning the historian Manetho who helped create the Serapis cult:

[For] the lord [god] speaks. A procedure greater than this one does not exist. It has been tested by Manetho, [who] received [it] as a gift from god Osiris the greatest. Perform it, perform it successfully and silently.

Followed by:

pray to him. But . . I . but a swallow of this comes . . . this your formula repeat seven times . . . formula, which you say: “Hail, Helios, Mithras. . . .”

Then there is the passage in PGM IV 475-829:

… for an only child I request immortality, O initiates of this our power (furthermore, it is necessary for you, O daughter, to take / the juices of herbs and spices, which will [be made known] to you at the end of my holy treatise), which the great god Helios Mithras ordered to be revealed to me by his archangel, so that I alone may ascend into heaven as an inquirer / and behold the universe.

Again, this is surely a spell, not a liturgy?

PGM V. 1-53 begins:

“Oracle of Sarapis, [by means of] a boy, by means of a lamp, saucer and bench: “I call upon you, Zeus, Helios, Mithra, Sarapis, / unconquered one, Meliouchos, Melikertes, Meligenetor, ABRAAL BACHAMBECHI BAIBEIZOTH (EBAI BEBOTH)…

Finally in the glossary on pp.336-7 I found this note:

Mithras: The Persian god is mentioned only a few times in PGM (note III. 100, 462; IV. 482) and each time as being identical with Helios or with Zeus-Helios-Sarapis (see PGM V. 4). See Nilsson, GGR II,668-72; Dieterich, Mithrasliturgie 67ff. Vermaseren,”Mithras in der Romerzeit,” in M. J. Vermaseren, ed., Die orientalischen Religionen in Romerreich, EPRO 93 (Leiden: Brill, 1981) 96-120, with bibliography.

It’s permissible to wonder why Mithras appears at all, except that plainly it was a “name of power”, just like the others with which the texts are studded.   This led me to a review of Betz, The Mithras Liturgy: Text, Translation and Commentary (2003), by John Gee in the RBL here.  Gee points out that the papyri are all often in the same hand, an Egyptian who writes both Greek and Demotic, and evidently is part of a temple.  He adds:

Egyptian deities, whether under Greek or Egyptian names, appear sixteen times more frequently in the text than deities from any other pantheon. It is probably significant that the only mention of Mithras is of Helios-Mithras, where Mithras is syncretized with the Egyptian deity Re under the Greek name Helios. Betz himself notes that usually Mithras was identified with Saturn rather than the sun (p. 137). If we consider that there is evidence of the Egyptian co-opting Iao as early as the Persian period, then we have the strange situation where all the deities mentioned in the so-called “Mithras Liturgy” are Egyptian.

Interesting indeed.  The references to Iao and Adonai and Sabaoth are also telling.

I suspect that the “Mithras liturgy” is about as much a Mithraic liturgy as it is a Psalm of David.

UPDATE: I also went through Preisendanz’ two volume collection of all the texts with German translation.  I didn’t find any more instances, except for an ostracon at the end of vol. 2, which had a series of names such as Baal, Mithreu, Mithra, etc.

A letter of James of Edessa on various issues

Here is a translation (from the French of Francois Nau in ROC) of a letter of James of Edessa, to John the Stylite.  The headings in italics are by Nau.

To our spiritual and beloved brother, to the religious and pious priest Mar John, (from) James the humble, peace in the Lord.

1. Exordium.

I would like your pious Fraternity to judge the feelings of my Humility as you would judge a woman who has given birth and nourishes (her child) and as you would judge a merciful mother: although she complains a little against her son and prevents him  suckling, she does not, however, repulse him for long; similarly, if my Humility sometimes complains a little because of the insults and bitterness that have come upon me for my sins, I will not accept and will not support, however, repulsing your Fraternity, or another of the disciples of the Messiah, who submits his difficulties on a passage from the sacred books or on any other topic relevant to the soul. And I’m not doing this solely because of the order of the Master who commands me to do so, but also because I find it easy and enjoyable, as it has also been said that I should make seeds grow and increase, and that I should bring to the table, along with the talents that make up the principal, the interest commensurate with my abilities [1]. Do not be afraid to ask me the things that bother you, because, even though I may complain a little verbally at the time, thereafter at least I shall force myself, and give myself the trouble of sending and accomplishing what has been asked and requested of me by the charity of the brethren.

2. The number of books attributed to Solomon

Your Fraternity has asked me one thing that bothers me as well as you. So what can I say, and how can I answer your fraternity who asks me about a variety of the words of this Holy, Apostolic and Learned Spirit, who is all-knowing and sees even the deep things of God, except that I hesitate just as you do, and I admire the hidden wisdom of the Spirit. It is indeed true that St. Clement, a disciple of the Apostle Peter, wrote in the Eighth Constitution (διάταξις) regarding the canons [2], as your Fraternity has written, that there are five books of Solomon, but he does not distinguish and name clearly which those books are; while there are only three according to the holy doctors that you have mentioned: Athanasius, Basil, Gregory, Amphilochius, and, before them, Eusebius of Caesarea, with many others who followed them. Your Fraternity has done well to hesitate, and to study this subject, which is extremely good and very commendable, however, we should not be surprised by variations by analogy in the words of the Spirit because the Spirit has spoken them in His wisdom through the mouths of men and for men, and as he saw fit.

These words embarrassed and surprised you, so you now ask me — although I am as embarrassed and as surprised as you — why Clement said five, while the Doctors said three, a fact which is true and absolutely true, but which I do not understand and do not promise to explain. I only write what I think is correct, which at least has a semblance of truth.  So I hasten to say that Clement counted five books of Solomon because he assigned to him also the Wisdom, that admirable book, and because he divided the book of Proverbs into two books, because some also share the idea that these are two books that were collected and placed together, starting at the place [3] where are mentioned the Proverbs written by “friends” [4] of Hezekiah, until the end. That’s what I think that I can say about the text of Clement. As to the text of the doctors who mentions only three books (of Solomon), I say they do have three, because they speak only of the books defined canonically by the Church as proto-canonical books, and because they make only one book and not two of the whole book of Proverbs. All these ideas derive from my limited and humble opinion; as for the real truth, we leave that to be learned from the Spirit, the writer of the (holy) books; however, for your Fraternity’s tranquillity and comfort, I thought that I would send you with this a copy of a small treatise that I wrote about the Wisdom, this book so admirable that many attribute it to Solomon, from the time when I was applying myself with love of work to revise this book with the others [5]. That’s all for the first question in your Fraternity’s letter.

3. The deuterocanonical books

Let’s look at the second question: Why are these books not counted among the canonical books of the Church? I speak of the great Wisdom and of Jesus son of Sirach, and of many others which are rejected, like Tobit and those of the  women Esther and Judith, and the three (books) on the Maccabees [6]. I will answer again, that the truth is exactly known to the prophetic, apostolic and learned Spirit. I also would like to tell you the opinion of my feeble intelligence: it is that they are not entirely composed of words revealed by the (Holy) Spirit or of prophecies from God, but that they contain either words of human wisdom written by pious men, or stories about holy and pious men themselves, which is why  they were separated from the number of the canonical books of the Church, and were placed for special reading outside of the (books) for regular use in the correction and correcting of morals, actions and deeds, for those who are of a very teachable spirit, and want to hear some useful and loving advice for word and deed and for the knowledge of good conduct.

4. On the computus of the Alexandrians

 As for your third question, on the year, which the Alexandrians count higher than us, as I have told you already [7], it would require many words to resolve it so as to satisfy you. Listen at least to the few words I can give you from the strength and time (available) to me. Know that the year of the revolution of the sun on the circle of the sky is made up of three hundred sixty-five days, so we get fifty-two weeks plus one day left over. It is therefore obvious that every year, there will be one fixed and pre-determined day which will be the start and end day of the year. It follows that, if the first year begins and ends with a Sunday — and that day will be fixed and determined to mark the beginning and the end — the second year will begin and end on a Monday, the third on a Tuesday, the fourth will begin with a Wednesday, and — because of the extra day which is added during the year (the leap year; every four years — we find that it ends on a Thursday. So it is obvious, from what I have just said, that the fifth year will be a Friday, i.e. the fifth day, fixed, particular and pre-determined.

What I have just told you about these five years will show you that all those who are engaging in these calculations are trying to find out which day of the week ends the year; i.e. that which neighbours (which follows) it in the next year, in this period of seven days, which is the crown of all the time in this world, and which you usually call the “foundation” of the following year [8]. This “foundation” of which you speak is worked out from what the current year used, not from that which the year which is going to start will use. It follows therefore that you should take the Alexandrian year, counting one more than you do, when you want to calculate the beginning of your year and learn which day of the week belonged to the current year and not to the coming year, which has not yet begun and therefore is not ‘neighbouring’. You won’t calculate it correctly using the years as they unroll.  Because, when you first put aside this year, and only count 5,180 instead of 5,181, you are accustomed to calculate, instead from this (foundation), that from the coming year which is not yet under way, because you do not know the reason for this term “foundation”.

Learn from this and work out in your mind as much as you can, until you have got what you are asking; knowing that the number 5180 that you give is not the truth, any more than that of the Alexandrians, because the number of years of the world is not known and cannot be known by anyone. These are some suggestions; let everyone begin by forming their ideas based on reason, to be used as (a starting point) to calculate then whatever he wants.

That’s what I have found out to answer the questions and requests in the letter of your Fraternity.

5. Personal question.

As for the request that ends your letter, I will tell your Fraternity that it is not about the fault committed against me by this man and because of which he believes that I am avenging myself; but he has sinned against himself and against God’s law. He has sinned more gravely because he was warned and exhorted before his fault. Many have shouted at him, and I also have said to him: “Take care not to throw yourself into this pit and die there”. — He did not listen and did not obey. And now what should I do for him? He asked no less of me than to violate the divine law for him, to make me as guilty as he is, to make acceptance of no-one and to break the law of God. He believes that it is I who have cut him off from the Church, but he cut himself off, and it was not I (who did it). Tell him to weep over what he did, and to think that it is better for him to be removed from the church than to violate its rule. When he comes here, I’ll deal with him to the degree that he repents.

Farewell in the Lord, and pray also for my Humility.

(1) See Mt. 25:26-30.
(2) This is the Octateuch of Clement whose eighth book consists of the Apostolic Canons. In the edition of Lagarde, Reliquiae juris ant. syr., Leipzig, 1836, p.60, line 2, we find indeed, “of Solomon, five books: while the Greek text of the last canon of the apostles only assigns three books to Solomon, cf. Mansi. Concilia, I. 17.
(3) Prov. xxv.
(4) The Greek and Peschito have oi( fi/loi, the Hebrew and the Vulgate: viri.
(5) In 701-705 AD.
(6) Most of Esther is protocanonical: the third book of Maccabees, although referred to as canonical in the last of the apostolic canons, is apocryphal; the Catholic Church attributes to the deuterocanonical books the same authority as to the others.
(7) Cf. ROC, 1900, p. 290 and p.10 of reprint. Lettres de Jacques d’Edessa, Paris, 1906.
(8) The “foundation of the year” is the last day of the Syrian year, i.e. the day of the week on which September 30 falls. Also 5180 and 5181 represent, according to the Alexandrian era from the creation, the year of the birth of Christ. James seems to mean that the author of a paschal computation, for example for 1910, seeks, not the day of the week which corresponds to September 30, 1910 (in which case he would use 5180), but for one which corresponds to September 30, 1909 which is the “foundation” for the following year, and so in this case, in order to calculate 1910, he would use the number 5181.

Hunain ibn Ishaq from the Encyclopedia of Islam

Yesterday I mentioned that the PDF’s of the Encyclopedia of Islam 2nd edition had appeared online.  I downloaded them last night, and then went to look at the article on Hunayn ibn Ishaq, the 9th century Christian who translated the Greek scientific works into Arabic.  It was rather good; so much so, in fact, that I will post it here.

HUNAYN B. ISHAK AL-`IBADI, the most important mediator of ancient Greek science to the Arabs. It was mainly due to his reliable and clearly written translations of Hippocrates [see BUKRAT, in Suppl.] and Galen [see DJALINUS], that the Arab physicians of the Middle Ages became worthy successors of the Greek.

Life: Hunayn was born in 192/808 in al-Hira [q.v.], where his father was a pharmacist. The nisba indicates that he was a descendant of the so-called `ibad, i.e. Arab tribesmen who had once embraced Christianity and who after the rise of Islam remained faithful to the Syrian Nestorian church, refusing to adopt the new religion. Hunayn may be assumed to have been bilingual from his youth, for Arabic was the vernacular of his native town, and Syriac was the language of the liturgy and of higher Christian education. Later in life, when settled in  Baghdad, he translated far more books into Syriac than into Arabic, in accordance with the wishes of his clients. He himself showed a certain predilection for the Syriac language at the expense of Arabic, which he blamed for its lack of an adequate nomenclature as compared with either Syriac or Greek or Persian (see a fragment of his Kitdb al-Nukap, ed. L. Cheikho, in Mashrik, xx (1922), 373). But in their Arabic translations he and his school avoided mere transcriptions as far as possible, and thus helped to forge the Arabic scientific terminology. He was also at pains to acquire a sound knowledge of Arabic grammar; he is even said to have studied it at Basra and to have brought from there al-Khalili’s Kitab al-`Ayn. That he had the advantage of meeting the famous grammarian personally, as Ibn Djuldjul and others point out, is impossible for chronological reasons (see M. Plessner, in RSO, xxxi (1956), 244 f.). The Arab bibliographers unanimously attest that Hunayn was fasih.

How Hunayn acquired his astonishing knowledge of Greek is told by the eyewitness report of a certain Yusuf b. Ibrahim (see Ibn Abi Usaybi`a, ed. Müller, i, 185 f.), which does indeed sound very trustworthy. It relates that Hunayn began his study of medicine at Baghdad under Yuhanna b. Masawayh, the famous court-physician and director of the bayt al-hikma [q.v.]. But as Hunayn used to ask too many troublesome questions, he incurred the anger of his master, who eventually ordered him to leave his school. Hunayn then disappeared from the capital for more than two years. The narrator himself is silent upon his whereabouts, but some sources contend that he went to Alexandria, others that he was staying in bilad al-Rum. When he came back, he was so thoroughly versed in the Greek language that he could even recite from Homer. Afterwards he was reconciled with Ibn Masawayh, who also encouraged him further to translate from the Greek (cf. Les axiomes medicaux de Yohanna Ben Massawaih, ed. P. Sbath, Cairo 1934, 8, 33 f.).

Under the caliph al-Mutawakkil Hunayn was appointed chief physician to the court, but he had to suffer great hardships through the capricious behaviour of this Commander of the Faithful. One day he fell a victim to an intrigue of his Christian colleagues. As he was an enemy of image-worship, they induced him to spit on an icon during an audience. This provoked the indignation not only of the Nestorian katholikos, but also of the caliph. Hunayn was flogged, put in jail and deprived of his whole estate, including his library (for the historicity of this account see B. Hemmerdinger, in Actes du XIIe Congr. Int. d’Etud. Byzant., ii, Belgrade 1964, 467-9, and G. Strohmaier, in Klio, xliii-v (1965), 525-33). After six months he was set free and reinstated in his office, which he held until his death in 260/873. He had two sons, Dawud and Ishak [q.v.]. Both of them became medical practitioners; the latter, following in his father’s footsteps, excelled in translating from the Greek, but concentrated more on philosophical works.

Translations: Hunayn is credited with an immense number of translations, ranging from medicine, philosophy, astronomy, mathematics to magic and oneiromancy. His Arabic translation of the Old Testament [see TAWRAT], made after the Septuagint, was regarded as the best among other renderings (see al-Mas`udi, al-Tanbih, 112). So far as his versions are conserved, they can help in establishing the Greek text, for Hunayn had Greek manuscripts at his disposal which were several centuries older than ours. They also represent a valuable substitute for some writings that are otherwise lost.

Thanks to the important edition of Hunayn’s Risala . . . ila `Ali b. Yahya fi dhikr ma turdjima min kutub Djalinus bi-`ilmih wa-ba`d ma lam yutardjam by G. Bergstrasser (Hunain Ibn Ishaq über die syrischen und arabischen Galen-Übersetzungen, Leipzig 1925, Abh. K. M. xvii/2), we possess a detailed report on the various translations of Galen that were available at his time. There exists a different recension of this Risala, which was found some time later (see G. Bergstrasser, Neue Materialien zu Hunain Ibn Ishaq’s Galen-Bibliographie, Leipzig 1932, Abh.K.M. xix/2). Hunayn enumerates 129 titles, of which he himself translated about 100 into Syriac or Arabic or into both. The list is not exhaustive, however, for al-Razi [q.v.] wrote a special treatise Fi ‘stidrak ma bakiya min kutub Djalinus mimma lam yadhkurhu Hunayn wa-la Djalinus fi Fihristih (see Fihrist, i, 300, cf. P. Kraus, Epitre de Beruni, Paris 1936, no. 175). One must bear in mind that Hunayn wrote the Risala after the complete loss of his library (see above), a fact to which he repeatedly refers in it (p. 1.11 f., 3.5-10, no. 95, cf. nos. 42 and 118). In the Risala as well as in another tract Fi dhikr at-kutub allati lam yadhkurha Djalinus fi Fihrist kutubih (ed. G. Bergstrasser, in Neue Materialien, 84-98) he makes some statements about the spuriousness of several writings ascribed to Galen, and it is remarkable to see how his judgement coincides with the results of modern scholarship (see M. Meyerhof, in SBPr. Ak. W., phil.-hist. Kl., 1928, 531-48 and F. Kudlien, in Rheinisches Museum, cviii (1965), 295-9). Only the question of the commentary on the Hippocratic oath remains doubtful: Hunayn regarded it as genuine, but we have nowadays to rely on a few Arabic fragments (collected by F. Rosen that, in Bulletin of the History of Medicine, xxx (1956), 52-87), whereas Hunayn had the full text before him.

In the Risala he also gives some occasional remarks on his philological methods. They are not different from ours: he used to collect as many Greek manuscripts as possible and to collate them in order to get a sound textual basis for the translation (cf. nos. 3, 20, 74, 84). In search of manuscripts he travelled to Syria, Palestine and even to Egypt (cf. no. 115). But in one respect his philological principles deviate from the modern. Like other Christian translators he felt the obligation to eliminate all traces of paganism from the works of the ancients, e.g., to replace the pagan gods by the one God and His angels, etc. Usually this did not impair the scientific value of his translations, but it did some harm to the rich mythological material found in the dream-book of Artemidorus (see G. Strohmaier, in F. Altheim and R. Stiehl, Die Araber in der Alten Welt, v, Berlin, forthcoming).

The Risala also contains valuable data on the translations of Galen made by Hunayn’s predecessors and contemporaries. He does not spare them harsh criticism, if necessary, and he often had to revise their Syriac or Arabic versions. He himself translated either into Syriac for his Christian colleagues or into Arabic for the Muslim sponsors of his work [see BANU MUSA]. It is remarkable that there is no word about the famous bayt al-hikma; the whole activity seems to have been based on a kind of private enterprise. He engaged two members of his family, his son Ishak, his nephew Hubaysh b. al-Hasan al-A`sam, and another pupil, `Isa b. Yahya, who also took part in translating Galen. Since Hubaysh and `Isa did not

understand Greek well enough, they made Syriac translations after Hunayn’s Arabic (nos. 36, 38, 119) or, much more often, Arabic translations after Hunayn’s Syriac. This could lead to some deterioration (cf. Galeni Compendium Timaei Platonis, ed. P. Kraus and R. Walzer, London 1951, 22-4), if Hunayn or Ishak did not have the opportunity to compare these new versions with the Greek original (cf. nos. 20,49,69,86,113,126). Usually the colophons in the manuscripts of these second-hand versions mention Hunayn as the only translator, a fact which is already stated in the Fihrist (i, 128 and 289). The reason for this is not clear. Perhaps it is due to the modesty of the pupils themselves, or else they wanted to conceal the circumstance of the double translation, as Muslim intellectuals had been well aware of its shortcomings.

Unfortunately, there exists no corresponding risala for the non-Galenic writings, and it remains to be proved by an analysis of the language and by possible mistakes resulting from ambiguities of Syriac words, whether the present Arabic versions were made by Hunayn directly from the Greek or by someone else after his Syriac translation. Nearly all of these Syriac versions are now lost (for the possible ascription of some fragments to Hunayn see G. Furlani, in ZS, iii (1924), 28 and J. Schleifer, in RSO, xviii (1940), 348).

Hunayn’s own works: Besides his translations Hunayn composed numerous original works, mainly on medical, but also on philosophical, geophysical, meteorological, zoological, linguistic, and religious subjects. He is even credited with a history of the world from Adam down to al-Mutawakkil. His medical treatises are mainly epitomes and rearrangements of classical material. Many of them are written in the form of questions and answers, this curious kind of literature being very common also in the biblical exegesis of the Nestorian church at this time (cf. E. G. Clarke, The selected questions of Isho bar Nun on the Pentateuch, Leiden 1962, 10-3). His main work in this field is al-Masa’il fi ‘l-tibb (numerous mss.), later translated into Hebrew and Latin. There also exists a so-called Isagoge Johannitii ad parvam artem Galeni (many Latin mss. and early printed texts). According to M. Steinschneider (Die hebräischen Übersetzungen, 710) this is another recension of the same work.—The following titles show Hunayn’s special interest in ophthalmology: al-`Ashr makalat fi ‘l-`ayn (ed. M. Meyerhof, The book of the ten treatises on the eye ascribed to Hunain ibn Ishaq, Cairo 1928). This work appears in two different Latin versions, as the Liber de oculis Constantini Africani and Galeni de oculis liber a Demetrio translatus (see J. Hirschberg, in SBPr. Ak. W., 1903, 1080-94).—For his sons Dawud and Ishak he wrote al-Masa’il fi ‘l-`ayn (ed. P. Sbath and M. Meyerhof, Le livre des questions sur l’œil de Honain ibn Ishaq, Cairo 1938, MIE 36). —A little tract about the incorporeal nature of light Fi ‘l-daw’ wa-hakikatih shows Aristotle as his main authority in the field of physics (ed. L. Cheikho, in Mashrik, ii (1899), 1105-13 and with French translation in Actes du XIe Congr. Int. des Orient., Paris 1897, IIIe sect., Paris 1899, 125-42, German translation by C. Prüfer and M. Meyerhof, in Isl., ii (1911), 117-28).

The often quoted Nawadir al-falasifa are extant in later Arabic extracts, a mediaeval Hebrew translation of which has been edited by A. Loewenthal (Sefer Musre ha-Pilosofim, Frankfurt a.M. 1896, German translation by the same, Berlin 1896). The Arabic text remains to be edited (see K. Merkle, Die Sittensprüche der Philosophen “Kitab adab al-falasifa” von Honein ibn Ishaq in der Überarbeitung des Muhammed ibn `Ali al-Ansari, Leipzig 1921; M. Plessner, in Tarbiz, xxiv (1954-5), 60-72, VI f.; J. Kraemer, in ZDMG, cvi (1956), 292-302). The book is mainly a collection of stories, letters, and sayings ascribed to the ancient Greek philosophers, mingled with Hunayn’s own reflections. It is based on similar Byzantine florilegia and contains very old material (see G. Strohmaier, in Hermes, xcv (1967)). Part 3 deals with the death of Alexander the Great: its connexion with the Alexander Romance remains to be investigated.—A little apologetic tract Fi kayfiyyat idrak hakikat al-diyana is conserved in an abridged form (ed. L Cheikho, in Nöldeke-Festschrift, i, Giessen 1906, 283-91, and P. Sbath, in Vingt traite”s philosophiques et apologetiques, Cairo 1929, 181-5). Some points in this treatise may be understood as an intelligent and cautious polemic against Islam.—Hunayn’s bibliographical Risala to `Ali b. Yahya has been mentioned above; there also exists a short letter to his sponsor Salmawayh b. Bunan as an introduction to the translation of Galen’s De consuetudinibus (German translation by F. Pfaff, Corpus Medicorum Graecorum Suppl. iii, p. XLI f.) [see AFLATUN].

Bibliography: in addition to the works mentioned in the text: Fihrist, i, 294 f.; Ibn Djuldjul, Tabakdt al-atibba’ wa’l-hukama’, ed. F. Sayyid, Cairo 1955, 68-72; Ibn Sa`id al-Andalusi, Kitab Tabakat al-umam, ed. L. Cheikho, Beirut 1912, 36 f., French translation by R. Blachere, Paris 1935, 80 f.; `Ali b. Zayd al-Bayhaki, Tatimma siwan al-hikma, ed. M. Shafic, Lahore 1935, i, 3 f.; Ibn al-Kifti, Ta’rikh al-hukama’, ed. J. Lippert, Leipzig 1903, 171-7; Ibn Abi Usaybi`a, `Uyun al-anba’ fi tabakat al-atibba’, ed. A. Müller, Cairo 1882, i, 184-200; Ibn Khallikan, no. 208; Barhebraeus, Chronicon ecclesiasticum, ed. J. B. Abbeloos and Th. J. Lamy, Louvain 1872-7, iii 197-200; idem, Chronicon syriacum, ed. P. Bedjan, Paris 1890, 162 f., Latin translation by P. J. Bruns and G. Kirsch, Leipzig 1789, i, 173f.; idem, Ta’rikh mukhtasar al-duwal, ed. A. Salihani, Beirut 1890, 250-3; J. S. Assemanus, Bibliotheca  orientalis, iii/i, Rome 1725, 164 f.; F. Wüstenfeld, Geschichte der arabischen Arzte und Naturforscherr Gottingen 1840 (repr. Hildesheim 1963), 26-9; L. Leclerc, Histoire de la medecine arabe i, Paris 1876 (repr. New York n.d.), 139-52 (uncritical); M. Steinschneider, Die hebraischen Übersetzungen des Mittelalters, Berlin 1893 (repr. Graz 1956), 1055 (index); idem, Die arabischen Übersetzungen aus dem Griechischen, in ZDMG, 1 (1896) (repr. Graz 1960), 390 (index); Suter, 21-3; J. Hirschberg, Geschichte der Augenheilkunde, ii/2, Leipzig 1905, 34-7; M. Steinschneider, Die europaischen Übersetzungen aus dem Arabischen, in SBAk. Wien, phil.-hist. kl., 1905 (repr. Graz 1956), 98 (index); G. Bergstrasser, Hunain Ibn Ishak und seine Schule, Leiden 1913 (still important); A. Baumstark, Geschichte der syrischen Literatur, Bonn 1922, 227-30; G. Gabrieli, Hunayn Ibn Ishaq, in Isis, vi (1924), 282-92; M. Meyerhof, New light on Hunain Ibn Ishaq and his period, in Isis, viii (1926), 685-724; idem, Les versions syriaques et arabes des écrits galeniques, in Byzantion, iii (1926), 33-51; G. Sarton, Introduction to the history of science, i, Baltimore 1927 (repr. 1950), 611-3; J. Tkatsch, Die arabische Übersetzung der Poetik des Aristoteles, i, Vienna 1928, 80-4; H. Ritter and R. Walzer, Arabische Übersetzungen griechischer Arzte in Stambuler Bibliotheken, in SBPr. Ak. W., phil.-hist. kl., 1934, 801-46; Lutfi M. Sa’di, A biobibliographical study of Hunayn ibn Ishaq al-Ibadi, in Bulletin of the Institute of the History of Medicine, ii (1934), 409-46 (useful, but uncritical); Brockelmann, I, 224-7, S I, 366-9; F. Rosenthal, Die arabische Autobiographie, in Studia Arabica, i (1937),  15-19; idem, review of Galen: On medical experience, ed. R. Walzer, in Isis, xxxvi (1945-6), 253 f.; idem, The technique and approach of Muslim scholarship, Rome 1947, passim; G.  Graf, Geschichte der christlichen arabischen Literatur, ii, Vatican City 1947 (Studi e testi 133), 122-9 (important); Salah al-Din al-Munadjdjid, Masadir djadida `an ta’rikh al-tibb `inda ‘l-`arab, in Revue de l’institut des Manuscrits Arabes, v (1959), 229-348; Ibrahim Shabbuh, Fihris al-makhtutat al-musawwara, iii/2: al-tibb, Cairo 1959.

Translations: Artemidorus: Artemidore d’Éphèse, Le livre des songes traduit du grec en arabe par Hunayn b. Ishaq, ed. T. Fahd, Damascus 1964. Galen [see DJALINUS]: P. Bachmann, Galens Abhandlung darüber, dass der vorzügliche Arzt Philosoph sein muss, in Nachrichten der Akad. d. Wissensch. in Gottingen, phil.-hist. kl., 1965, no. 1; Galen, On the parts of medicine, On cohesive causes,On regimen in acute diseases in accordance with the theories of Hippocrates, ed. M. C. Lyons (Corpus Medicorum Graecorum, Suppl. Orient, ii), Berlin (forthcoming); Galen, Über die Verschiedenheit der homoiomeren Korperteile, ed. G. Strohmaier (Corpus Medicorum Graecorum, Suppl. Orient, iii) (in preparation). Hippocrates: The aphorisms of Hippocrates, translated into Arabic by Honain Ben Ischak, ed. J. Tytler, Calcutta 1832; Prognosticon, in M. Klamroth, Uber die Auszüge aus griechischen Schriftstellern bei al-Ja`qubi, in ZDMG, xl (1886), 204-33, for new collations see B. Alexanderson, Die hippokratische Schrift Prognostikon, Göteborg 1963, 156-73; De diaeta in morbis acutis, ed. M. C. Lyons, Cambridge 1966. Proclus: a fragment of the commentary on the Timaeus, in Galeni De consuetudinibus, ed. J. M. Schmutte and F. Pfaff, Leipzig, Berlin 1941 (Corpus Medicorum Graecorum, Suppl. iii), 55-60 (German translation).

Brill’s Encyclopedia of Islam (2nd Ed) online at

An amazing report at AWOL from Charles Jones:

Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Edition (1986-2004) Leiden, E.J.Brill

at the Internet Archive

Vol. 1
Vol. 2
Vol. 3
Vol. 4
Vol. 5
Vol. 6
Vol. 7
Vol. 8
Vol. 9
Vol. 10
Vol. 11
Vol. 12

Wow.  And I say again, wow!

I don’t know why this is up there, but I am glad it is.

UPDATE: I discover that Brill are now marketing the 3rd edition as an “entirely new” work.  This means that the 2nd is now obsolete, although the historical content will, of course, be pretty much as good as ever.

I wonder … are Brill being fiendishly clever here?

Think about it.  Take a sample online person.  Take me, for instance.  I’ve never read a page of the Encyclopedia of Islam.  I’ve never opened a copy.  I doubt I’ve ever seen a copy.  Yet here I am, tonight, at 00:34 hrs, downloading the PDF’s.  I’m pretty much certain to at least look at a couple of articles.

The Encyclopedia Iranica gets read, precisely because its articles are online.  Is this the idea?  To build market share by making an old version freely available?  To get people who would never pick up a copy interested?  To get students, who have no money, but will become academics and librarians with budgets, accustomed to  using it, to treating it as the last word, as the authoritative resource?

Let’s face it — if they are intending this, it’s working!  It’s working on me right now, drat them.

UPDATE (29th April): A commenter notes that most of the links now don’t work, and bring up a message that there are “issues with content”.  I believe this is their phrase for “may be in copyright”.  Sadly it wasn’t the dawn of a new day — just an uploader who didn’t check the copyright status properly.  Pity.

Eusebius update

The revised cover has now been uploaded to Lightning Source and a proof ordered.  If that is OK, then we are go!

This is the hardback cover, of course.  Nick the designer has spotted a glitch with the paperback cover.  I’ve asked him to come up with a slightly smaller bitmap for the cover, which I shall send to Ben the editor once it’s available.

Mithras: list of literary testimonia

When I encounter twaddle about the ancient world online, I always find it  useful to gather all the relevant ancient sources.  Long ago I did this with Mithras.  I have just revised my collection and expanded it, and included also the references to Persian Mitra in Greek and Roman literature.  The result is here.

More on early French travellers to Libya

A year ago I posted a photo of the circus at Leptis Magna, and queried whether the circus — now reduced to foundations — really was standing to some height back when the first explorers arrived in the 17th century.

A commenter has directed me to an article with a figure from Durand’s article, from Le Mercure Galant of 1694.  I think it is worth seeing.  The top is his plan of the harbour; the bottom of the circus.

I’d still like to see the whole article, tho.

How much has changed in a year.  I doubt that I shall be going back to Leptis Magna soon.  How I wish that I had been able to go to Syria last year, as I had planned!  A travel company is using the following song for an advert at the moment.

You’re gonna take that ocean trip
No matter come what may.
You got your reservations
But you just can’t get away.
Next year, for sure, you’ll see the world,
You’ll really get around;
But how far can you travel
When you’re six feet underground?

Enjoy yourself, it’s later than you think.
Enjoy yourself, while you’re still in the pink.
The years go by, as quickly a as wink.
Enjoy yourself, Enjoy yourself
It’s later than you think.

True advice, I fear.

The harrowing of hell, or the clearing of the inboxes?

On Easter Saturday, some of my readers are rather busy.

I can tell that they are busy from my inbox.  It’s stonkingly hot out there today — it reached well over 80F today, or 27C in our devalued French measures.  But too many of you were sat in front of your computers for my comfort, when I finally got home from visiting my family today.  I think I’ve replied to you all, tho.

There are some snippets of good news, tho, in between the death threats (just joking), and the demands for money from incompetent Oxford Patristics Conference organisers who haven’t noticed that I paid them a month ago (sadly not).  Oh yes there are.

Firstly, we have a treasure incoming.  Some time back I asked Andrew Eastbourne to translate the section on the month of March from John the Lydian’s De Mensibus (On the Months) book 4.  The first draft of this has arrived, and made me feel somewhat guilty.  Of course I had no real idea of what was in the chapter.  It turns out, tho, that it is full of philosophical and astrological  and mythological stuff, as well as calendar events.  It’s actually much more interesting than I had expected.  Look forward to this one, chaps – it’s good stuff.  I had only a few comments on the flow of the English, so it should be available in final form soonish.

Next, I have received some more letters of Isidore of Pelusium in English from Clive Sweeting.  I’ve not opened the files yet — too late and too tired these evening –, but these too will appear online soon.

Finally I have had an interesting email about the possibility of my publishing a translation that someone has already completed of a rather interesting Syriac text.  This may come to nothing; or it might mean a third volume in Ancient Texts in Translation, the series title for the books like the Eusebius which I am publishing.

Tomorrow is Easter Sunday.  As ever on Sunday, I shall have my laptop turned off and in the cupboard.  I recommend the practice to all my readers, and I wish you all a happy Easter.


text:
Jennifer Lopez Bio

Jennifer Lopez

Reputed by Forbes to be the richest Latin American woman in Hollywood, Jennifer Lopez is a movie star who commands tens of millions of dollars per picture and a recording artist who's sold more than 50 million albums worldwide. Yet Lopez's tabloid-sized life (including her relationships with Sean "Diddy" Combs, Ben Affleck, and husband Marc Anthony) tends to outshine her artistic endeavors.

She was born in the South Bronx on July 24th, 1969 and began taking singing and dancing lessons after high school. Lopez appeared as a dancer in several hip-hop videos and on TV with New Kids on the Block before joining the Fly Girls, the all-female dance troupe on Fox TV's In Living Color, and then working behind Janet Jackson. Lopez had also begun acting on TV in a series of blink-and-they're-gone dramas; she made her first movie in 1995, My Family. Within two years, she worked her way up to the starring role of a biopic about the Latin-pop singer Selena, for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe award. She also began to get serious notice, particularly for her superb turn opposite George Clooney in Steven Soderbergh's Out of Sight (1998).

In 1999, Lopez made her musical move, releasing On the 6 (Number Eight), a blatant bid for mainstream pop-R&B success keyed to her diva-like image, with a hefty touch of Latin-pop flavor. The album featured "No Me Ames" — a Spanish duet with future husband Marc Anthony — and the massive hits "If You Had My Love" (Number One, 1999), club favorite "Waiting for Tonight" (Number Eight, 1999) and "Let's Get Loud." More of the same arrived on J. Lo (Number One, 2001), whose title gave Lopez her permanent nickname. It sired even bigger hits than her debut: "Love Don't Cost a Thing" (Number Three, 2001), "Play" (Number 18, 2001), and a pair of cuts, "I'm Real" and "Ain't It Funny," whose "Murder Remixes" by Murder Inc. honcho Irv Gotti (featuring Inc.'s star rapper, Ja Rule) both went to Number One. A stopgap remixes disc, J to tha L-O! (2002), went to the top of the charts as well, the first remix album to ever do so.

Having gotten the world to call her by three letters, Lopez decided to make herself a bit more accessible. Thus 2002's This Is Me . . . Then (Number Two), featuring the opening single "Jenny From the Block" (Number Three, 2002): "Don't be fooled by the rocks that I've got/I'm still, I'm still Jenny from the block." Also successful were "All I Have" (featuring L.L. Cool J; Number One, 2003) and "I'm Glad" (Number 32, 2003). By this time, however, Lopez's relationship with actor Ben Affleck had blown up in the tabloids; the couple was nicknamed "Bennifer" and their stormy engagement oversaturated both parties in the public eye (she had previously been married to waiter Ojani Noa, and her subsequent relationship with Diddy also spurred headlines — particularly when the pair were stopped by police speeding away from the scene of a shooting at a New York nightclub in December 1999. In 2001, she married again, to backup dancer Cris Judd, who she split from when she began dating Affleck).

Lopez started a clothing line and issued a perfume, waiting until March 2005 to release Rebirth (Number Two), whose title reflected her coming out on the other end of a stressful period. Unfortunately, she wasn't reborn on the charts, and Rebirth had only two smallish hits, "Get Right" (featuring Fabolous; Number 12, 2005) and "Hold You Down" (featuring Fat Joe; Number 64, 2005). She also sang on L.L. Cool J's "Control Myself" (Number Four, 2006).

Soon Lopez was back together with salsa king Marc Anthony, whom she'd dated a few years earlier; they would marry, tour together, and start a family. (Anthony already had kids from two prior marriages; she gave birth to fraternal twins on February 22nd, 2008.) While on a break from music, she turned her attention to her film- and television-production company.

In March 2007 Lopez issued a Spanish album, Como Ama una Mujer (Number 10); that October, she put out Brave (Number 12, 2007), from which came "Do It Well" (Number 31, 2007).


text:
500 Greatest Songs of All Time

Rolling Stone's definitive list of the 500 greatest songs of all time.

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The Coasters, 'Young Blood'

421. The Coasters, 'Young Blood'

Writers: Jerry Leiber, Mike Stoller, Doc Pomus
Producers: Leiber, Stoller
Released: May '57, Atco
11 weeks; No. 1

The Coasters were named after the West Coast, home turf of the four singers. After evolving from the doo-wop group the Robins, the Coasters had a couple of small R&B hits, "Down in Mexico" and "Turtle Dovin'." But after almost a year away from the studio, the group relocated to New York and cut its first blockbuster.

Appears on: The Very Best of the Coasters (Rhino)

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I recently met Mark Baker at the 2012 AAW Symposium in San Jose, California where he saw my work in the Instant Gallery. Mark, the Group Editor for the woodworking magazines published by the Guild of Master Craftsman Publications in East Sussex, England asked if I would be interested in having some photos of my work featured in an issue of “Woodturning” magazine. I was thrilled and agreed right away. In following up, Tegan Foley of “Woodturning” asked if I would answer some questions for a feature called “Twenty Minutes with Roman Stankus”. In the process of responding, I realized the content would make a nice bio for my website.

Tell us about your background. When I was young, I liked making things and working on creative projects. I loved building wooden models in particular – both ships and planes. I loved spending time outdoors, exploring the local creeks, fossil hunting, fishing, and gardening under the eye of my mother. I was first introduced to woodturning in junior high school where I turned a small stack laminated walnut bowl with thick walls and a green felt bottom! I did some woodwork in architecture school – small things like speaker cabinets and architectural models. When I got out of college and needed some bookcases, I built them myself. I am a self-taught woodworker and a registered architect by profession. Design drives my work and woodworking gives me a lot of joy.

How did you get into woodturning?  In 2000 I bought my first lathe (a retired high school Delta VS 1236) as a means to produce woodworking tools and parts. Two years ago when I decided to focus on woodturning in a more intense and creative way, my very good friend and accomplished turner, Mark Sillay ( www.marksillay.com ) helped me acquire many important technical skills of the craft. That platform of support and knowledge made it possible for me to pursue new directions in my work.

Describe the type of work you produce.  My work at this point is experimental and exploratory. I am currently producing non-functional pieces that investigate sculptural form, color, texture, and artistic composition. The basic forms of my pieces are created on the lathe and completed using a variety of methods including, routing, carving, burning, texturing and coloring. I am also using eccentric/multi axis turning methods and have developed and adapted a number of tools and techniques to achieve specific forms/geometries that interest me. I also produce some traditionally turned pieces.

What inspires you?  My education and training as an architect has influenced my work a great deal. Basic design skills are applicable to any creative effort. I love to work with geometry, textures, skin treatments, color, and sculptural concepts. I believe the most important part of what we do as creators of physical artifacts is in the design process. Interesting ideas, refined design, and controlled execution are goals in my work.

How has your work changed since you started turning?  The first year I turned, I focused on the fundamentals of traditional turning while trying to absorb and learn as much as I could about the many directions that turning has gone. Within a year, I began to explore ways to produce some of the concepts that I had considered but didn’t know how to execute. As I researched others work and became more familiar with the tools and processes to create them, I gained insights into methods that I am currently exploring. I still consider myself to be in a learning/exploring mode more than a production mode. My current work is contemporary and artistic in style.

Who or what has been your greatest influence?  When I saw a demonstration by Cliff Lounsbury ( www.riverturnings.com ) using the router on a lathe, I realized that some of his methods would be invaluable to the kinds of pieces I was interested in producing. Cliff does entirely different types of work with his routing processes – I love that the same tools can be used to create such different forms. I owe a great deal to the many turners whose work I admire and have shared so much. Stylistically, I draw from many sources both manmade and natural and I enjoy studying artifacts from other cultures and time periods as ‘design wells” to draw from when appropriate. I have a library of design books that I refer to often.

Tell us about your workshop.  My workshop is a stand alone building I constructed in my back yard on the foundation of an old garage – approximately 18 x 32 feet with a storage loft. I have a power tool room with a complete set of compact power tools for doing traditional “flat” woodwork along with a Powermatic and a Conover lathe. I also have a separate smaller room with a workbench and many hand tools where I do “off the lathe” processes. I like to listen to music while I work. The shop is insulated well so it is quiet if I need it to be and it is a great place to focus on my work.

Where do you see your self heading?  I’d like to continue working on my sculptural pieces and hope that I can gain recognition in the woodturning/wood art community. Ultimately I’d like to make pieces that are larger in scale – pieces that might be appropriate as public art in larger settings.

What is the best thing about turning?  Everything except sanding! In particular, great people who share, extraordinary creative freedom and variety of expression, making big curls with a sharp tool, making beautiful shapes……where do you stop? I love the ability to interact with and design the piece in real time as much as the ability to design certain aspects of the piece prior to beginning turning. Turning is a very open and flexible process of design and creation.

What are your aims and aspirations for the future?   As I build a larger body of work, I want to make my work known in more places – particularly in the area of wood art.


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Tie Dye

Tie Dye Summer Fun Brighten up your summer fun with colorful tie dye activities!  Whether’s it’s for camp, a family reunion, a party, or just everyday fun, tie dying brings out the creativity in all of us and makes for lasting memories!   FamilyFun brings you the how-to’s, supply lists, and even a tie dye …

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Military, Products, Services

EADS to Demo AAS-72X+ for U.S. Army

By Staff Writer | September 28, 2012

EADS North America has launched flight demonstrations of its AAS-72X+ to showcase it to U.S. Army leadership as part of a bid for the Armed Aerial Scout program. The flight demos will use two helicopters to focus on the aircraft’s high/hot performance in high-altitude locations. The AAS-72X+ is the armed variant of the UH-72A Lakota LUH, featuring mission computers and equipment integration from Lockheed Martin.
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Oils To Restore Your Skin And Your Faith

Remember when I told you that I was being a total skin care slut awhile back and I had to see Dr. Colbert to get on various and sundry prescription acne blasters to get back to normal? I told you that hope is a dangerous thing (to quote Red of The Shawshank Redemption) when it comes to skin care.  Alas, I need some time off from that emotion. I’ve been off much of the skin care sauce since then, as I’ve been afraid that lots of things would disrupt the delicate balance of my skin. And in that time, I’ve been allowing just one skin care wild card, which has proven to rarely break me out at all: oils. And let me tell you, they’ve restored my faith entirely in the magic of over-the-counter delights. Some are designed specifically for cleansing, but I use all to take off my makeup in addition to hydrating (with the exception of Patyka and DHC, which are solely for cleansing). Take a tour of my favorites, so you can think twice before you give your heart away, to paraphrase a famous philosopher we both know, George Michael.

Dr. Dennis Gross Ferulic Acid + Retinol Brightening Solution ($85) This new oil blends retinol and ferulic acid, an antioxidant, to eliminate dark spots. The elixir boasts an elegant formula to hydrate and treat the skin, leaving it glowy. Willow bark minimizes the appearance of large pores. Be careful to avoid using on very acne-prone skin, however. Those with dry skin will adore this blend.

Dr. Hauschka Normalizing Day Oil ($43) It always seems counterintuitive to oil up an oily surface, but this herb-infused fluid does wonders for skin. It’s light enough not to activate eruptions, yet moisturizes enough even for aging skin. Natural buffs will appreciate the plant essences in the formula.

Elizabeth Grant Vitamin C Face Oil ($45) A gem for sensitive skin, Elizabeth Grant’s formula helps regenerate and Vitamin C is known to neutralize free radicals and even reverse DNA damage. The light, elegant texture makes it a pleasure to apply.

LAFACE Hydrating and Purifying Serum ($140) Do not be fooled–this serum is entirely, squarely in the oils category. The natural blend makes my face feel instantly smoother and softer without clogging my pores.

Mario Badescu Rose Hips Nourishing Oil ($20) The lightest of them all, Mario Badescu’s oil iteration is a great summer or “resortwear” oil, as it boasts an almost aqueous quality without sacrificing hydration. It’s a great “trainer oil,” if you will.

Patyka Remarquable Cleansing Oil ($75) An oil that clarifies? Believe it. Excellent for removing SPF and stubborn long-wearing makeup formulas, this natural French blend boasts Vitamin E and prickly pear extract to yield a brighter complexion. Follow up with your regularly scheduled cleanser for facial tabula rasa.

DHC Deep Cleansing Oil ($28) Olive oil and Vitamin E are at the core of this cleansing makeup eradicator. A cult classic, its consistency is smoother than a frat boy at a sorority mixer, yet is water soluble.

What do you think, beauties? Are you asking oils to stay? Saying please, please, please, please don’t go away?

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1 Comment Oils To Restore Your Skin And Your Faith

  1. Jennifer

    I’m always so confused by oils yet I’ve been experimenting. I have Orofluido for my hair which I LOVE. And I just got a sample of an oil for my face from Birchbox (name escapes me). I have been using it at night and love it. I think I’ll be exploring even more now!

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Porsche 911 Service Cost

Porsche 911 Service Prices

The cost of Porsche servicing does vary and is determined by the model year of your Porsche, prices are calculated according to labour time and parts cost for that specific model. Maintaining your Porsche requires specialist equipment, specially trained technicians and OEM approved parts. A good independent Porsche specialist will provide you with excellent savings on Porsche 911 maintenance and will beat a Porsche main dealer on price by up to 50% which can result in savings of hundreds of pounds.

Your Porsche 911 needs regular maintenance to ensure optimum performance, not to mention that a Porsche typically has far more value to preserve than a standard car and a full service history will ensure your Porsche retains the best possible price should you decide to sell.

At RPM Specialist Cars, we offer fixed price Porsche 911 servicing for a fraction of the OPC price with all work completed by experienced Porsche technicians and using the recommended parts and fluids.

Porsche 911 minor service includes:

Computer diagnostic assessment
Pollen filter replacement
Oil filter replacement
Coolant level and antifreeze check including top if required
Engine oil replacement using Shell Helix Ultra
Inspection of the following: engine coolant system, radiator, air intake, air conditioning system, suspension, brake system, drive shafts, tyres, windscreen wash system, power steering, headlights, indicators and interior lights.

Porsche 911 major service includes all items listed in the minor service plus:

Fuel system check
Air cleaner element replacement
Parking brake inspection and adjustment
Spark plug replacement (relevant to model)
Fuel filter replacement (relevant to model)
Tappet set replacement (relevant to model)
Inspection of the following: poly rig belt, steering gear, clutch and steering rack.

Porsche 911 service price examples:
Porsche 911 service costfrom £319.00 + VAT(1978 – 1989)
Porsche 964 service costfrom £457.55 + VAT(1989 – 1993)
Porsche 993 service costfrom £302.00 + VAT(1994 – 1998)
Porsche 996 service costfrom £230.00 + VAT(1998 – 2004)
Porsche 997 Gen 1 service costfrom £235.84 + VAT(2005 – 2008)
Porsche 997 Gen 2 service costfrom £249.00 + VAT(2009 – 2012)
Porsche 991 service costfrom £287.40 + VAT(2012 – 2016)

Servicing time and maintenance requirements vary according to model. You can find timings and the current price of a minor service or major service for your Porsche by selecting your model from the list below:-

Porsche 911

Porsche 911 (1978-89)

Porsche 964 (1989-93)

Porsche 993 (1994-98)

Porsche 996 (1998-04)

Porsche 997 (2005-08)

Porsche 997 (2009-12)

Porsche Boxster

Porsche 986 (1997-04)

Porsche 987 (2005-08)

Porsche 987 (2009-11)

Porsche 981 (2012-16)

 Porsche Cayman

Porsche 987 (2005-08)

Porsche 987 (2009-11)

Porsche 981 (2012-16)

Early Watercooled

Porsche 924 (1976-88)

Porsche 944 (1982-91)

Porsche 968 (1992-95)

To book your Porsche into our workshop based in Knaresborough, North Yorkshire for a service or maintenance work, call us on 01423865602 or Email info@rpmspecialistcars.co.uk
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R & R Tractor and Equipment
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Boerne, TX 78006

Complete Product Lineups for Everything You Need

No matter what you need for your next chore or project, we have it right here at R & R Tractor & Equipment. From ride-on mowers to tractors, we have a complete lineup of dependable machines. Come to us for all your attachments and accessories as well, and get ready to work harder without actually trying harder! Every deal includes service with the sale.

All of our products are from the top brands in the industry. From John Deere to Stihl and Honda, we have all the products you’ve been using for years. As Boerne, TX’s largest and most convenient tractor equipment dealer, we are proud to provide our customers with top-notch equipment that they can depend on for years to come.

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Put Your Reliable New Machine to Work for You
With our great machines and trusted brand names, you’ll be comfortable putting your new machine to work for you. That means less of a load for you to carry and jobs done quicker so you can get back to the more important things. Come by our store and you’ll see the kind of power that you can put in your corner.
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Tiger Eye Ganesha - 1418 gms

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Tiger Eye Ganesha - 1418 gms
Tiger Eye Ganesha - 1418 gms
INR: 24,125.00

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Ganesha deity is worshipped for Siddhi (success in undertaking) and buddhi (intelligence). He is the God of education, knowledge, wisdom, literature and the fine arts. His worship removes malefics of planets Mars and Ketu. The auspicious god has the power to control the occult forces that bring disaster upon humankind.

In this Idol He is carved as sitting on lotus in Tigers eye stone for courage, strength, will and personal power. It is very sensual, grounding and insightful and is considered a good luck stone.

Height: 6.1 inches
Base Dimension: 4.2" (L) X 2.7" (W)
Weight: 1418 gms

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Namaste! Rudra Centre is today a Global supplier of Rudraksha, Gemstones, Yantras and Hindu Puja items all across the world. We advocate evolution in consciousness to achieve material and spiritual success. We thus bring these sacred items with usage as per ancient wisdom so that you derive full benefits. Shop with us knowing that all items are selected with love and care and due diligence.

For queries, please email to us at contact@rudracentre.com.

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Black Bow Small Wallet

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Keep your essential cards and cash in one place with this cute everyday wallet. Made of faux leather, it boasts an adorable bow at the front and a detachable wrist strap.

  • Measures 4.25 x 4.25 in.
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Mens Oxbridge Blue Barbour Pointer Tee Shirt

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Barbour Pointer Tee Oxbridge Blue

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How to choose, and be the best CRO possible

Business Insurance | April 27, 2009

As published in the April 27, 2009 issue of Business Insurance

Experience and abilities are the hallmarks of the most effective chief risk ofﬁcers, says Mark Adams, co-leader of the Insurance Practice in the Americas and area manager of the Boston ofﬁce at global executive search and assessment ﬁrm Russell Reynolds Associates Inc. He says businesses need a clearly deﬁned framework to choose the right CRO and describes qualities that set candidates for that post apart.

In today’s market, the importance of a chief risk ofﬁcer never has been greater, nor has the role been more difficult.

The searches we conduct for top CROs globally reveal consistent themes and abilities that distinguish those who are able to make a significant impact. Yet, even the best CROs can be limited if the position is not strategically and clearly deﬁned. For those companies considering the implementation of a CRO, we have found that maximum effectiveness necessitates a framework of clearly deﬁned roles and responsibilities. For individuals considering the CRO position, we offer a glimpse of what makes a candidate excel.

In every company, establishing a clear chain of command is vital to success. Risk, as an ongoing companywide issue, requires that the CRO report directly to the chief executive ofﬁcer and have the flexibility to recruit and manage a small staff globally. The expansive nature of risk management also necessitates that the CRO steward numerous strategic partnerships with internal constituencies and outside strategic partners. He or she should partner with the general counsel, chief operating ofﬁcer, chief financial ofﬁcer and the top internal audit ofﬁcer, all of whom should view the CRO role as a complement to their areas of responsibility.

CEOs need a risk expert who can act as architect and engineer in building a comprehensive enterprise risk management infrastructure; one that spans all parts of the organization and provides a clear and easy-to-interpret real-time interface for senior management regarding all risk-related activity.
To establish an effective ERM plan, the CRO must build a philosophical and methodological blueprint, encompassing strategic (political, competitive, compliance, governance, reputation, macroeconomic), operational (technology and operations, supply chain, business continuity), financial (investments, financing, legal/liability, counterparty, systemic, foreign exchange) and hazard (traditional insurance, fraud, theft, pandemic, terrorism) risks.

As the demands of an organization evolve, CROs must effectively communicate with senior management and peers to adapt and integrate future business plans to the redefined risk management framework.

Understanding and deﬁning the responsibilities and roles a CRO must fulﬁll is only the ﬁrst part of a establishing a truly effective CRO. The second part depends on the personal characteristics and qualiﬁcations of a candidate wishing to ﬁll the position.
In our experience, certain qualifications distinguish the outstanding CROs. Foremost is an individual’s business experience. Ideally, he or she will have worked within the ﬁrm's industry; however, experience in an analogous industry with a similar risk proﬁle often offers a broader perspective on risk at the top.

A broader perspective applies to responsibilities as well. Ideal candidates will have dealt in operations, ﬁnance and/or legal issues. This is equally as important as time spent specializing in risk management and ERM.
As companies continue their global expansion, individuals with multicultural backgrounds will be in greater demand. Diverse cultural backgrounds enable CROs to be savvy and pragmatic about how to realistically effect change in a growing, global organization, greatly improving the value they bring to any company.

Finally, superb CROs must have a track record of successfully using education, technology and communication to align the company and management with the goals and policies the candidate is charged with managing. The use of technology is particularly important as CROs are expected to inform and educate managers about their responsibilities, success and progress.

While these experiences build the resume of an ideal CRO, there are other factors—personal and professional competencies—we look for in candidates.

The ability to make decisions that balance a variety of factors (e.g. cost of risk, short- vs. long-term impact) to achieve an optimal outcome is indispensable in a CRO, as is the ability to anticipate future business risks and develop strategies to address them. This ability necessitates strong quantitative, forecasting and analytical skills.

CROs do not work in isolation. They deal with multiple internal and external groups and, therefore, must be able to develop and leverage relationships. They have to be able to collaborate across teams, establish and cultivate networks of people in a complex matrix organization, and use relationships strategically to accomplish objectives.

Given the primary role education plays in a CRO’s responsibilities, the ability to effectively communicate is a must. CROs have to be highly articulate and convey important messages in a clear and compelling manner.

In line with any C-suite role, CROs have to have a strong, healthy ego—a conﬁdence to excel that permeates the entire organization. This ego must be tempered by the ability to learn from mistakes and bolster personal areas of weakness with a talented team of professionals. They must possess the conﬁdence and character to hire the strongest and smartest people, be resilient and have emotional intelligence.

The keys to a successful CRO are twofold. The CEO and other senior leadership must understand and properly utilize the CRO position, maximizing the ofﬁce’s effect through deﬁned responsibilities and an empowering reporting framework. Equally important are the personal characteristics and experience of each CRO. Without both, developing a truly great CRO may prove impossible.

Mark Adams is co-leader of the Insurance Practice in the Americas and area manager of the Boston office at global executive search and assessment firm Russell Reynolds Associates Inc.

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- RV Business - http://www.rvbusiness.com -

Report: Consumer Sentiment Cools Off in July

Consumer confidence unexpectedly cooled in July as Americans became less optimistic about the outlook for the economy.

Bloomberg reported that the Thomson Reuters/University of Michigan preliminary index of consumer sentiment decreased to 83.9 in July from 84.1 the month prior, today’s report showed. The median forecast in a Bloomberg survey called for a gain to 84.7. The gauge reached an almost six-year high of 84.5 in May.

The recent increases in mortgage rates and prices at the gas pump may have restrained consumers’ views on the economy in the next six months. At the same time, the group’s gauge of current conditions jumped to a six-year high as stock prices approached a record after falling in the middle of June.

“It’s a slip in confidence from recent highs rather than the start of a new downward,” said Gennadiy Goldberg, a strategist at TD Securities Inc. in New York. “As we get later in the year and the economy improves, consumers will start to see better numbers and they’ll notice that.”

Forecasts of the 66 economists for sentiment in the Bloomberg survey ranged from 80 to 88. The index averaged 64.2 during the recession that ended in June 2009, and 89 in the five years prior.

The Michigan survey compares with the weekly Bloomberg Consumer Comfort Index (COMFCOMF), which climbed to minus 27.3 in the week ended July 7, the highest level in more than five years, from minus 27.5. The figures showed Americans were more upbeat about their finances than at any time since April 2008, while a gauge of the buying climate increased to a nine-week high.

Other figures today showed prices paid to producers rose 0.8% in June, more than projected and the most since September.

The Michigan survey’s measure of current conditions, which takes stock of Americans’ views of their personal finance, increased to 99.7 in July from 93.8 at the end of last month.

The gauge of expectations six months from now fell to 73.8 from 77.8.

Mortgage rates this week climbed to the highest level in two years. The average 30-year fixed rate was 4.51% in the week ended yesterday, according to data from Freddie Mac. In November, it fell to a record low of 3.51%.

Gasoline prices have also increased this week. The average cost of a gallon of regular gas in the U.S. was $3.55 yesterday, up from $3.47 at the end of last week, according to figures from AAA, the nation’s largest motoring organization.

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Pars - Ahvāz

Ahvāz Pars Hotel

24m St., Ahvaz, Iran ,
, 021-44155227 , 021-44155228

Ahvaz Pars Hotel

For those who visit the city of Ahvaz for business or vacation, the five-star Ahvaz Pars hotel can be a suitable choice. Having more than four decades of experience in hoteliering, the five-storey hotel in downtown by the side of the beautiful Karoun river and nearby the popular Ahvaz Sefid bridge is one of the best hotels in the city with beautifully decorated rooms which provides satisfying facilities and services. Including one of the best restaurants of the city called Karoun as well as a poolside seasonal restaurant, the hotel offers a wide range of Iranian and foreign foods, making guests have relaxing moments. Here, guests have an easy access to tourist attractions and shopping centers that along with strolling on the banks of the Karoun river can enjoy their stay more.

209 users have given scores

Score 4.5 out of 5

Hotel Policy

From 14:00

Until 14:00

5,640,000 Rial 4,950,000 Rial Price for 1 night
  Checking hotel booking date
  Map Hotel Pars

Checking hotel booking date

Monday , Oct 23 , 2017

Tuesday , Oct 24 , 2017

1 Adult

Book now to get this fantastic rate.

If you book later, there’s a chance the rate will go up or the hotel will be sold out.

Best Price Guarantee
1 Change room
Double Room
Max :
1 adults
5,640,000 Rial 4,950,000 Rial Price for 1 night
13 % Save
Twin Room
Max :
1 adults
5,640,000 Rial 4,950,000 Rial Price for 1 night
13 % Save
Max :
1 adults
8,450,000 Rial 7,300,000 Rial Price for 1 night
14 % Save
Hotel Facility

Hotel Facility

Free Wireless Internet (Inside room, Inside Lobby) , Cafenet

Green Space , Poolside Seasonal Restaurant

24-Hour Room Service , ATM , Laundry , Barbery , Conference Hall , Meeting Room , Reception Hall , Taxi Service , Transfer , Art Gallery

General Room

Refrigerator , TV , Telephone

Massage Seat , Outdoor swimming pool (for Men) , Pool

Facilities for the Disabled

Entrance Ramp , Wheelchair

Safe , Elevator , Air Conditioning , Fire Alarm , Central Antenna

Food & Drink

Restaurant , Minibar , Cafe , Breakfast Hall

Languages spoken

English , Arabic

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Samita Group, the most active Online Travel Agency (OTA) in Iranian tourism industry with rendering the most reliable tourism services, provides convenient online booking for hundreds of domestic hotels and plane ticket purchase with high confidentiality. The group is honored to have been granted the electronic trust symbol by Electronic Commerce Development Center of Iran’s Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade.

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