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Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

Print version ISSN 0004-282XOn-line version ISSN 1678-4227

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr. vol.67 no.2b São Paulo June 2009

Degenerative lumbar stenosis: update

Estenose lombar degenerativa: atualização

Andrei F. JoaquimI; Charles A. SansurII; David K. HamiltonII; Christopher I. ShaffreyII,III

IDepartment of Neurology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas SP, Brazil
IIDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia (UVA), Charlottesville, VA, USA
IIIProfessor of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia (UVA), Charlottesville, VA, USA

We present a literature review of the diagnosis and treatment of acquired lumbar spinal stenosis (LS), with a brief description of new surgical techniques. LS is the most common cause of spinal surgery in individuals older than 65 years of age. Neurogenic claudication and radiculopathy result from compression of the cauda equina and lumbosacral nerve roots by degenerated spinal elements. Surgical decompression is a well established treatment for patients with refractory, or moderate to severe clinical symptoms. However, the variety of surgical options is vast. New techniques have been developed with the goal of increasing long term functional outcomes. In this article we review lumbar decompression and fusion as treatment options for LS but also present other recent developments. Prospective long term studies are necessary to know which procedures would result in optimal patient outcome.

Key words: acquired lumbar stenosis, surgical treatment, new techniques, fusion.

Apresentamos uma revisão de literatura do diagnóstico e tratamento da estenose lombar (EL) adquirida, enfatizando as novas técnicas de manejo cirúrgico. A EL é a causa mais comum de cirurgia na coluna de pacientes com mais de 65 anos de idade. Claudicação neurogênica e radiculopatias são sintomas resultantes da compressão das raízes lombossacrais pelos elementos degenerados. A descompressão cirúrgica é um procedimento bem estabelecido para pacientes com sintomas severos ou refratários ao tratamento clínico. Contudo, as opções cirúrgicas são amplas. Novas técnicas de fusão e artrodese são úteis para melhorar os resultados funcionais. Neste artigo, varias alternativas cirúrgicas são apresentadas, incluindo as novas tecnologias na área. Evidências científicas mais contundentes com seguimento longo são necessárias para a incorporação destas práticas na atividade médica de rotina.

Palavras-chave: estenose lombar adquirida, tratamento cirúrgico, novas técnicas, fusão.

Lumbar stenosis (LS) is narrowing of any part of the lumbar spinal canal. Absolute stenosis has been defined as an antero-posterior lumbar spine diameter of less than 10 mm1. Although numerical criteria for the diagnosis of LS have been established, the diagnosis can be made without measurements when the narrowing results in clinical symptoms. It is important to note that it is not unusual to encounter patients with radiographic abnormalities who do not have symptoms2.

LS can be congenital or acquired. Degenerative disease is the most common cause of acquired stenosis, mainly affecting adults and the elderly. With an increase in life expectancy, there is a concomitant increase in age-related disease. Although the exact incidence is unknown, it is estimated that LS affects 1 in 1000 patients older than 65 years, being the most common cause of spinal surgery in this group of patients3.

Spinal stenosis is secondary to hypertrophy of one or more of the following elements: facet joint, ligamenta flava, posterior longitudinal ligament, intervertebral disc, epidural fat, and osteophytic disease of the vertebral body4,5. The degenerative process begins with disc height loss and dehydration, with substitution of collagen type II fibers and proteoglycans for fibrous tissue, with segmental mobility6. This results in disc bulging, facet degeneration and hypertrophy, and osteophyte formation that encroach the spinal canal and/or the lateral recess4,5. Facet degeneration may result in degenerative spondylolisthesis with more severe segmental instability7. The narrowing can be predominantly central, subarticular (under the facet articulation), or lateral (at the neural foramen). When severe, there can be associated sagittal or coronal deformity.

LS can cause pain or discomfort in the lower back, buttocks, or legs. These symptoms are predominantly due to lateral recess stenosis. Less commonly, neurogenic claudication (NC) secondary to central canal stenosis can also result in these findings8. NC is characterized by leg or thigh pain that is exacerbated with prolonged walking and lumbar extension, which improves with lumbar flexion. In the setting of central canal stenosis, ischemia of the nerve roots may develop from further compression by an engorged venous plexus9. Although typical, NC is not pathognomonic of LS. In one report of 62 patients, 92% presented with lower limb complaints, whereas claudication was detected in 75%10. Rarely one can find sphincter dysfunction due to cauda equina compression, necessitating urgent surgery6. The severity of symptoms should be measured using scales, such as the visual analog scale for pain, or the Oswestry low back pain scale11.

Physical Exam

Objective neurological findings are not commonly detected on physical examination. The Lasègue test is generally negative, differing LS from acute disc herniation10. Lumbar extension can cause discomfort that is relieved with spinal flexion. Muscular weakness is not common, and if present may be due to pain. There may be associated sensory loss in a dermatomal distribution6.

A good history and physical examination can help narrow down the differential diagnosis. Hip osteoarthritis may be present when pain is exacerbated by external hip rotation (Patrick' sign or Fabere test - flexion, abduction, external rotation)12. Trochanteric bursitis is associated with tenderness over the greater trochanter. Peripheral neuropathy can be associated with sensory deficits in the stocking and glove distribution. Vascular claudication is associated with a decrease in amplitude of the peripheral pulse with trophic changes in the skin. The pain is not altered with spinal flexion or extension, and decreases with rest. Impotence is also associated with vascular claudication. Conus medullaris and/or cauda equina compression by disc herniation, neoplasms, fractures, facet joint syndromes, infectious diseases, and demyelinating diseases are included in the differential diagnosis. Imaging is required to help make the correct diagnosis13,14.

The diagnosis of LS is essentially clinical, confirmed by computer tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MRI), showing narrowing of the canal and foramina and excluding other elements of the differential diagnosis. While MRI is particularly useful for visualization of the soft tissues resulting in stenosis, CT allows for clear definition of bone anatomy. In our daily practice, we obtain both imaging studies since they are useful for surgical planning. CT myelography may be useful in patients with previous lumbar surgery or in patients in whom MRI is contraindicated. Radiological findings consistent with LS are found in 20% of asymptomatic patients older than 60 years7. The extent of pathology seen on imaging does not necessarily correlate with clinical symptoms2.

Standing plain film radiographs (antero-posterior and lateral neutral, flexion, and extension) are essential for surgical planning. These films are required to demonstrate instability. Long cassette standing plain films are also important when one suspects that patients may have associated sagittal or coronal imbalance15.

Electromyography and nerve conduction studies, although not essential, can assist with ruling out lumbosacral plexopathies and peripheral neuropathies from the differential diagnosis. There is a broad spectrum of possible electrophysiological findings in patients with LS. In early stages of the disease normal results may be possible. More advanced disease may demonstrate significantly decreased nerve conduction, with axonal loss and evidence of demyelination in a multi-radicular pattern16-19.

Before any treatment proposal, it is important to know the natural history of the disease. Most patients have a slowly progressive clinical course, without acute deterioration20,21. Johnsson et al. followed 32 patients with moderate LS for 4 years without surgical intervention22. They observed that only 16% had worsening pain; however 30% had decreased ability to walk.

Non-surgical management

Spine rehabilitation in the form of physical therapy has been demonstrated to decrease patient symptoms23. Exercises that improve abdominal strength may be useful to avoid excessive loading of the lumbar spine, and reduce extension.

There are a variety of ways to obtain non-surgical symptomatic relief. Passive modalities such as heating or cooling pads, lumbar corsets, transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS), and ultrasound may provide transient pain relief7. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications or acetaminophen may be used as initial therapy, but when not effective, muscle relaxants and opioids can be used. Anticonvulsants and tricyclic antidepressants are often prescribed as well, but may have adverse effects limiting their use in elderly people. There is no class I evidence to prove the effectiveness of these medications in the treatment of LS7.

Patients not deemed suitable for surgical treatment with persistent radicular pain can benefit from epidural corticosteroid injections (either interlaminar or trans-foraminal). Their effect is attributed to decreasing the inflammation between the nerve root and the elements compressing it. Some patients have a temporary control (weeks to months) of symptoms after having these injections24. Despite some controversy associated with the real efficacy of these injections, they are being used at increased frequency around the world and being promoted as a form of safe and minimally invasive treatment25.

Surgical treatment

Patients with persistent symptoms despite non-surgical treatment should be referred to spine surgeons. The goal of surgery is to decompress the spinal canal and neural foramina through laminectomies and partial facetectomies. Many surgical techniques are described in the literature, without a global consensus. There is class I evidence that in patients with persistent symptoms for more than 12 weeks, decompressive surgery (without fusion) improves function and pain control when compared to patients in the non-surgical treatment group. The effects of the surgical procedure were followed for at least 2 years26,27.

Since many surgical options to treat LS can be found at the literature, one may find it difficult to choose the optimal procedure. The traditional procedure is a decompressive laminectomy, consisting of removal of the spinous processes, lamina, ligamenta flava, and medial portions of the facet joints26,27. Fenestration is a modified partial laminectomy and facetectomy with preservation of the midline structures and the dorsal tension band. Some surgeons advocate its use in patients to prevent iatrogenic instability28. It can also be done with minimally invasive techniques.

Regarding fusion and instrumentation procedures, there are no class I studies to prove that fusion and instrumentation improve functional outcomes in patients without criteria of instability. However, there are many papers with class II and III evidence levels advocating concomitant spinal fusion and arthrodesis to improve outcomes and avoid late instabilities, even in patients without spondylolisthesis or spinal deformities29-34. It is known that when more than 30% of the articular facets are removed bilaterally, we have a greater probability of developing late instability, justifying fusion in patients subjected to large decompressive surgeries35.

Many instrumentation techniques to achieve fusion can be found in the literature. Pedicle screws with rods and postero-lateral autologous bone fusion have become the standard way to instrument and fuse the lumbar spine. Often, this technique can be supplemented with anterior column support to distract the disc space, and help improve fusion rates. These supplemental techniques are briefly mentioned below and are often utilized in cases with associated segmental instability, revision procedures, sagittal/coronal plane deformities, or severe degenerative disease36,37.

1) Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF): Performed through a posterior approach after pedicle screw insertion. This technique is the earliest form of interbody fusions. When compared to other techniques, it requires greater manipulation of the thecal sac during the placement of the interbody spacer, and may be at higher risk of causing nerve root injury38.

2) Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF): Generally performed on the more symptomatic side after pedicle screw insertion. This procedure requires a complete facetectomy and causes less medial displacement of the nerve root during its insertion into the disc space. It has comparable results to other interbody fusions but less morbidity than PLIF. When bilateral facetectomies are performed, the TLIF procedure can improve lumbar lordosis, foraminal height, and sagittal balance36,39.

3) Anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF): A complete anterior discectomy is performed using a retroperitoneal or transperitoneal approach. The bone graft or interbody spacer with graft is implanted into the empty disc space. A greater area of arthrodesis is achieved with the ALIF procedure. An additional advantage is its ability to restore lumbar lordosis and foraminal height and improve sagittal balance. The ALIF procedure may or may not require additional posterior instrumentation depending on the individual circumstances of the patient36,40.

4) Extreme lateral lumbar interbody fusion (XLIF): A lateral retroperitoneal trans-psoas approach allows discectomy, distraction and interbody fusion in a minimally invasive approach41. This technique is usually supplemented by pedicle screws. Advantages of the XLIF are the lack of need for an approach surgeon and the ability to treat multiple levels from a small incision. However, it is not capable of reaching the L5 S1 disc space. Long term follow-up is needed to assess its ultimate outcome.

Bone grafts and adjuncts to fusions

The ultimate goal of instrumentation is to correct deformity and achieve fusion. Cancelous autologous bone is the most effective graft, since it contains osteogenic cells, and is both osteoinductive and osteoconductive. However, harvesting autograft bone is also associated with surgical morbidity, especially when obtained from the iliac crest42. Because of morbidity associated with bone graft harvesting, many substitutes are being studied. One of their disadvantages is the high cost and limited long term follow-up. Cadaveric allograft bone has osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, but very limited osteogenic cells. It has an extremely low risk of disease transmission such as hepatitis C and aids43. New generations of allograft bone, such as a demineralized bone matrix, have been shown to have osteoinductive properties in animal studies. Although the efficacy in patients to achieve fusion has been established, long term results have not been performed to determine it ultimate utility44.

The use of growth factors such as members of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family to enhance spinal arthrodesis has gradually increased in the last several years. These growth factors are proteins that induce the differentiation of undifferentiated stem cells to osteoblasts. They have a very short half-life, and must be administered in high doses with a carrier (collagen sponge). Recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) has been primarily investigated in lumbar spine fusions, where it has significantly enhanced the fusion rate and decreased the length of surgery, blood loss, and hospital stay. Its practical application is limited by the significant cost of application, which can be up to U$7000 per fusion level45,46. Despite the early enthusiasm researchers expressed for using rhBMP-2 to enhance spinal fusion, there are significant risks associated with using BMP' supraphysiological doses including inflammatory reaction, effusion, seroma, ectopic bone formation and other untoward side effects not appreciated earlier in their use47. BMP-2 has been approved by the FDA for its use in conjunction with threaded cages and bone dowels for single-level ALIFs, and has been successfully used in postero-lateral fusion associated with local bone or bone expander48.

New surgical alternatives to fusion

1) Lumbar disk replacement: The rationale for its use is to decrease adjacent level degeneration after fusion procedures. There are two systems approved in the US for clinical use49. For stable single level symptomatic disc degeneration unresponsive to conservative treatment (with good bone quality), total disk replacement may be an alternative to fusion50. There is controversy regarding its routine use in the US.

2) Interspinous spacer: The objective of this device is to provide a flexion-distractive force in the posterior elements of the spine, relieving symptoms secondary to narrowing of the spinal canal and neural foramina in patients without spondylolisthesis or grade I spondylolisthesis51. There are data suggesting that surgical results are similar to lumbar decompression surgery at 4 year follow-up with less hospital costs52. In carefully selected patients this may be an alternative to non-instrumented lumbar decompression.

3) Dynamic stabilization: This system consists of a pedicle screw construct with a polyethylene cord and polyurethane spacer connecting the screws instead of metal rods, hence permitting some motion. No bone grafting is necessary in light of the concept of motion preservation to theoretically avoid adjacent level degenerative disease. Welch et al. in 2007 demonstrate good results as an alternative to fusion53.

4) Nucleus pulposis replacement: This is biomechanically similar to a native nucleus pulposis. The replacement nucleus pulposis is a hydrogel pellet encased in a polyethylene jacket that is capable of absorbing impact and maintaining disc height. It is under preliminary analysis. General indications have not been clearly defined54.

In conclusion, LS has a broad spectrum of potential treatment options since there is a broad spectrum of disease severity. Accurate diagnosis is extremely important for good clinical results. The appropriate treatment strategy is determined by carefully evaluating the specific circumstances of each patient. Steroids injections and rehabilitation programs are established non-surgical modalities to help improve the symptoms of patients with LS. After attempts of conservative management, surgery is the best option in selected patients with positive radiographic findings and appropriate clinical correlation. Depending upon various factors, fusion may be necessary. New techniques and technologies in spinal surgery are constantly being developed to potentially improve surgical results. More long term studies of new technologies will be needed to determine the optimal treatment.

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Received 10 September 2008, received in final form 26 February 2009.
Accepted 30 April 2009.

Dr. Andrei Fernandes Joaquim - Rua Jasmin 190/133A - 13087-460 Campinas SP - Brasil. E-mail

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Manfrotto MHXPRO-3W Arca Compatible Conversion Set from Hejnar PHOTO

Hejnar Photo MHXPRO-3W Conversion Set overview
Hejnar PHOTO line of Manfrotto® conversion adapters and custom quick release clamps is further enriched with one more Arca-Swiss® compatible conversion set.
The conversion set is addressed to the new Manfrotto MHXPRO 3 Way Head with friction control, featuring the classic RC2 Quick Release System.

The set contains a custom adapter plate and the Hejnar PHOTO F62b Arca-Swiss® compatible Quick Release clamp.

By removing the current RC2 QR mechanism from the 3Way head, you can convert the head to take advantage of the vast number of Arca-Swiss® compatible L brackets, rails, plates and accessories, otherwise not possible with the RC2 QR system.

The Conversion Set
Besides the custom adapter plate and the Hejnar F62b Quick Release clamp, the set contains all necessary screws and tools for the conversion.

Hejnar Photo MHXPRO-3W Conversion Set
Hejnar Photo MHXPRO-3W Conversion Set Contents

Conversion Set Contents:
  • One adapter plate.
  • One 2.375 inch clamp ( Model F62b)
  • One 1/4-20 x 3/4 flat head screw.
  • One 1/4-20 x 7/8 flat head screw
  • One 1/4-20 x 3/4 button screw
  • Two 10-32 screws
  • Allen Hex keys for ¼-20 screw and 10-32 screw
  • Torx key for original safety lever screw

The Conversion Plate

Manufacturer Specification:
Length:2.65" (67.3 mm)
Width:2.375" (60.3 mm)
Thickness:5/8" (15.9 mm)
Tapped holes:Three 1/4"-20 and Four 10-32
Material:Precision C.N.C. machined 6061-T6 Aluminium
Color:Black hard coat anodized
Made in :USA

Hejnar Photo MHXPRO-3W Conversion Plate
The conversion plate has two levels. The lower level is inserted into the socket of the RC2 plate and the top platform accepts the F62b QR clamp. There is a total of three tapped 1/4"-20 holes, two for mounting the conversion plate onto the 3W head and the third corresponds to the center hole of the clamp.
There are also four 10-32 tapped holes placed around the central 1/4-20 hole in 90 degree increments and a distance of 30 mm across each other. These smaller holes correspond to the side holes of the F62b QR clamp enabling its alignment and reorientation on the head.

The F62b Quick Release Clamp

Manufacturer Specification:
Jaw Length:2.375" (60 mm)
Weight:103 gr (3.6 oz)
Countersunk/threaded holes:Three (1 x 3/8"-16 center hole and
2 x 1/4"-20 outside 30 mm apart)
Safety Stop Relief Grooves:Two
Long Captive Screw Knob:Stops at maximum opening
Material:Precision C.N.C. machined 6061-T6 Aluminium
Color:Black hard coat anodized
Hardware:Stainless Steel
Made in :USA

Following the norm of all Hejnar QR clamps, the F62b is compatible with Kirk®, R.R.S.®, Arca-Swiss®, and many other Arca style Quick Release plates and rails.
As an add-on unit, it can play different roles being used independently, i.e. mounted on another ball head and/or other equipment at will.

Hejnar Photo updated F62b QR clamp
The clamp included in the conversion set is the updated classic Hejnar F62b where "b" at the end of the model name denotes the long black screw knob. More about the Hejnar Photo clamps you may read in the Updated Hejnar PHOTO Quick Release Clamps Preview

The Conversion Process
Is a quite simple task, completely reversible, since it only involves unscrewing and removal of certain parts of the Rapid Connect RC2 Adapter and consequently their replacement by the Conversion Plate, on top of which the F62b QR Clamp is further attached by screws.

Hejnar Photo Conversion Plate installed on Manfrotto MHXPRO-3W
Hejnar Photo Conversion Plate installed on Manfrotto MHXPRO-3W via two of the included 1/4"-20 screws, the shorter flat-head and the button screw.

The end user may decide on the orientation of the F62b QR Clamp at will, since it can be screwed in any of four possible position, incremented by 90°.

Hejnar Photo Conversion set w/ F62b QR clamp on Manfrotto MHXPRO-3W
Pictured above is the Hejnar Photo F62b QR clamp siting conveniently on top of the Manfrotto® MHXPRO 3Way friction control head, with the screw knob pointing backwards.
According to Hejnar Photo the choice of QR Clamp size or screw knob color/size is up to the user who should contact Hejnar Photo prior to concluding the transaction on line.

I hope you found the article useful, thank you for viewing.
All Photos used by permission: © 2015 Chris Hejnar / Hejnar PHOTO

Price and Availability:
Current price for any of the MHXPRO-3W Conversion Set is US$ 112.00 (+Shipping where applicable) and is available from the Hejnar Photo online Store.

If you are interested in the product, do check the Recommended Sellers page for a valid Hejnar Photo discount coupon before ordering.

Referenced Articles:
Updated Hejnar PHOTO Quick Release Clamps Preview

Relevant Articles:
Manfrotto 324/327/322 RC2 Arca Compatible Conversion set from Hejnar PHOTO
New & Unique Hejnar PHOTO Arca Compatible QR Clamp for Manfrotto 496 / 498 and 054 Ball Heads
New Arca Compatible Conversion for Manfrotto 400 Geared Head by Hejnar PHOTO

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This hyperlink does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Navy of non-U.S. Government sites or the information, products, or services contained therein. Although the U.S. Navy may or may not use these sites as additional distribution channels for Department of Defense information, it does not exercise editorial control over all of the information that you may find at these locations. Such links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this website.

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Report violations to the chain of command. Ethics violation. DoD 5500.7-R, Sections 2-302

See also: Gambling Using Government Computers (Misuse of Government Property)

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text:
Ann Arbor is a hub for virtual and augmented reality. But can we keep it that way?

When "Pokémon GO" debuted earlier this year, it made the futuristic concept of augmented reality a daily, addictive part of countless lives.
But the game is just the latest advancement in the intertwined worlds of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), and the next could originate from the burgeoning AR and VR hub of Ann Arbor.
The fields of AR and VR are closely related. AR supplements a user's natural environment with computer-generated input (a la the Pokémon who appear in the real world on a mobile user's screen in "Pokémon GO"), while VR generates an entire simulated environment. AR and VR research isn't new to Ann Arbor; the University of Michigan 3D Lab has been experimenting with a wide variety of 3D technology including AR and VR since its founding in 2002.
But 3D Lab director Eric Maslowski says he's seen AR and VR hit two distinct cycles of popularity since he's been in the field. Maslowski says the first cycle of interest in the '90s "died off" quickly, in large part because technology wasn't far enough along to produce what he describes as "killer content." But interest surged again in 2012 with the announcement of the Oculus Rift VR headset, which promised to drastically improve user experience at the fairly accessible price tag of $599.
"It started to show people this stuff can be affordable," Maslowski says. "It can be done at a low cost, which was definitely not the case before."
Since then, VR and AR have exploded. Companies from Google to Sony have rushed to offer their own takes on the VR headset, and "Pokémon GO"'s wild success this year is proof positive of AR's readiness for prime time. Accordingly, Ann Arbor has seen significant growth in AR and VR development outside U-M's 3D lab, with numerous startups in the field popping up here in recent years.
According to Maslowski, that's pretty unusual. Outside of West Coast and East Coast tech hubs, he says VR and AR activity elsewhere in the country is limited mostly to "pockets of enthusiasts."
"In terms of really proactive effort or strong intention towards the field ... I think Ann Arbor is probably unique and robust," Maslowski says. "A lot of other AR and VR efforts are taking place in research labs and universities and things like that. It's not outside of the research or academic context, as it is in Ann Arbor."
Why Ann Arbor?
The innovators pursuing AR and VR ventures in Ann Arbor say the city is attractive for both the wide range of local talent and the entrepreneurial support available in town. Local startups in the field include Spellbound, which produces an AR mobile app that brings the illustrations in children's books to life with animations and sound. Aveopt recently introduced a product that allows prospective homebuyers to tour properties from the comfort of home via a VR headset. And Autonomous Safety is developing an AR product that allows a drone to survey a disaster area and report back to first responders with analysis of potential survivors, escape routes, and other data. All three companies have gotten established in Ann Arbor within the past two years.
Eric Petersen, president of Autonomous Safety, graduated from the University of Michigan in 1995. But he says at that time, even if the technology had been available to create his AR drone concept, he wouldn't have tried to do so in Ann Arbor.
"In the olden days there wasn't the encouragement, the entrepreneurship encouragement, from the city or the university," he says. "But now, Ann Arbor SPARK is great and the university Tech Transfer office has been very supportive. It's not impossible to try to start a business."
Spellbound president Christina York says her operation has drawn heavily on a variety of resources from the University of Michigan. York found entrepreneurial support in the university's Zell Lurie Institute, and enthusiastic young programmers in Wolverine Soft, the university's video game development student group.
"Our No. 1 talent pool is from the University of Michigan," York says. "It was a nice little hub of talent around us."
Aveopt president Wayne Baer says there are also advantages in being able to work out his products' bugs in isolation from the scrutiny of the west and east coasts' tech centers.
"Historically speaking, there's always been the view that we're flyover country," he says. "But ... we view Ann Arbor as sort of our competitive advantage."
Struggles of a burgeoning hub
However, Baer hastens to note that he doesn't wish to paint a "totally rosy picture" of Ann Arbor as a haven for AR and VR businesses, and other locals in the field agree. The city may be the best option outside of the coasts for AR and VR, but it's still got a long way to go as far as retaining businesses in the field.
For examples, look no further than Avegant, which developed its Glyph VR headset here before moving to the San Francisco Bay area, and Neurable, whose "brain-computer interface" started here before relocating to Boston. After fundraising for nine months in Ann Arbor, Neurable president and CEO Ramses Alcaide told Crain's Detroit Business in August that his company "went to Boston for one day and got what we wanted." In addition to greater generalized access to capital outside Ann Arbor, some venture capital funds devoted exclusively to VR and AR, like the San Francisco-based Virtual Reality Venture Capital Alliance, have begun to arise.
"Are we limiting ourselves by staying in the Midwest and not tapping into that?" Baer asks. "Possibly."
York also notes that while there is plenty of talent in town for an AR or VR business to engage with, there are problems with the way Ann Arbor cultivates and retains it. Wolverine Soft has provided a major informal support network for Spellbound, but York worries that U-M has very little formal curriculum oriented towards game programming, an essential component of many VR and AR technologies.
"There's not a lot of heavy-hitting programs that contribute," she says. "We find that for the students, this is their hobby ... They use the skills they learn in school, but they often go off and learn the languages that we need on their own."
And when they do, they're still not very likely to find a local job in their field. While Ann Arbor's AR and VR scene may stand head and shoulders above the rest of "flyover country," it still pales in comparison to the coasts.
"These students come out and either they go to work at a marketing agency or maybe work at the Big Three, creating models for cars," York says. "But most of them who want to have a career that flourishes have to move out of the state."

Pursuing a critical mass
Maslowski notes that AR and VR endeavors in Ann Arbor are still connected more by the industries they serve, or the startup community in general, than by the AR and VR fields themselves. However, he predicts that a local AR and VR business community may begin to arise if the amount of companies in the field continues to grow.
"There's a lot to learn from each other that can help us grow products even further," he says.
There's a certain critical mass that must be achieved to take Ann Arbor to the next level as a hub for AR and VR. York notes that attracting some more technology-specific funding to the area will certainly help to cement Ann Arbor's AR and VR industry, and keep talent in town – which of course will require more companies to first take a chance on AR and VR here in the first place.
But she says the tide may be turning – thanks, ironically enough, to good old "Pokémon GO." York says that while she once spent a considerable amount of time combating blank stares as she tried to explain AR in pitch meetings, the technology and its potential are now increasingly common knowledge.
"It's a lot more open now," she says. "People understand that something as silly as a little game based on a card system had massive economic impact."
Patrick Dunn is the managing editor of Concentrate and an Ann Arbor-based freelance writer for numerous publications. Follow him on Twitter @patrickdunnhere.
All photos by Doug Coombe.
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text:
Seeing Stars: The Movie Studios

5300 Melrose Ave. (at Bronson),
Hollywood, CA. / (323) 466-3111

This little-known studio is located directly across the street from the giant Paramount Studios. Raleigh may not be the most prestigious, but it is one of the oldest studios in Hollywood, dating back to February of 1915 (beating Paramount to the intersection of Melrose & Bronson by over a decade).

The studio never became a household name, and settled mainly for renting out its back lot and sound stages to other production companies.

What is now Raleigh was first known as Clune Studios back in the 1920's. Later, it was called California Studio, and later still, Producers Studios Inc.

It was the filming site for such classic movies as "In the Heat of the Night," with Rod Steiger and Sidney Poitier (which won the Oscar for Best Picture of 1967), "The Best Years of Our Lives" (the Best Picture of 1946), "What Ever Happened to Baby Jane" (1962, with Bette Davis and Joan Crawford) and the original "A Star is Born" (1937) with Janet Gaynor.

The studio as it looked when it was known as Produceers Studio, c. 1976.

The studio as it looked in 1980,
the year it first became Raleigh Studios.
This is the 650 Bronson Entrance. The modern glass office center
seen in the (top right) photo above had not yet been built.

The Raleigh Studios backlot, c. 1980,
showing the facade of the soundstage with
the Mexican Cantina set used for the
Hopalong Cassidy films in the '30s. It was in
use then as the studio cafeteria.

They also filmed well-known TV series here, such as the first few years of "Gunsmoke" (with James Arness as marshal Matt Dillon), "Death Valley Days" (starring future President Ronald Reagan) and "Have Gun Will Travel" (with Richard Boone as "Paladin.")

Back when Kevin Costner was first getting started, he worked at Raleigh Studios as a grip, taking his free time to read scripts and audition for parts.

It became Raleigh Studios in 1980, and has since concentrated mainly on television
programs, independent films, and commercials. But among the indies, it's the largest and most in demand. So much so that in 1998, Raleigh inked a deal to manage the new Manhattan Beach Studios (in addition to its Hollywood lot), which will make Raleigh "the area's largest independent studio group in terms of stages." MGM/UA also recently shot the sci-fi epic "Supernova" at Raleigh.

In 1998, Raleigh Studios was the site of an unexpected event: an actual celebrity wedding! Joely Fisher, who played Ellen's friend 'Paige' on the TV sitcom "Ellen" (and who is the daughter of Connie Stevens and Eddie Fisher ) rented an entire sound stage for her wedding and built her perfect wedding set in which to stage her fantasy wedding.

The studio is not open to the public, and most of the filming there, such as for the TV show "Castle", is done on a closed set.

"Ugly Betty" also called Raleigh Studios home.

"The Larry Sanders Show" taped there , as did "The Closer" and the Saturday morning teen comedy "One World."

More recently, Raleigh has been the home to the popular TV series "Castle".

There are usually only a few TV shows, such as "America's Funniest Home Videos", offering public tickets to tapings.

"Check with "Audiences Unlimited" to see what is taping there now. That will give you a chance to catch a glimpse of what goes on behind the studio walls and also see a few celebrities in person.

The Studio is also right across the street from Lucy's El Adobe Cafe, a famous celeb hangout.

 Getting there: The studio is located on the south side of Melrose Avenue, between Bronson and Van Ness), across the street from the famous Paramount gate. (See directions for Paramount Studios.)

(Historical photos of the studio are compliments of O. Lytle Hoover.)

[For more information, you can go to the studio's official website at: www.raleighstudios.com.]

Looking for something in particular? Search the Seeing-Stars website!

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Copyright © 2017-Gary Wayne
All Rights Reserved

This webpage is not associated with any business described in the article above, and does not constitute an
endorsement of this or any other business. The photos of celebrities on this page also do not constitute
endorsements by them of any kind, and are used by the author solely to illustrate this online article.
(Click here to read other disclaimers)


text:
By Andy Metzger

BOSTON -- Gov. Charlie Baker wants Amazon to build its second headquarters somewhere in Massachusetts, but he said he is not playing favorites, leaving it to local officials to try to woo the corporate giant to their particular city or area.

"Locals are going to propose on their own. We're not going to partner with any particular local. Because there's a lot of different folks who are interested in submitting proposals and God bless 'em. Go for it," Baker told WGBH's Boston Public Radio on Thursday.

The governor plans to pitch the whole state as a desirable place for the company.

Amazon's competitive site selection process, open to metro regions in North America, has spurred local officials across the country to try to land the giant employer.

"They'll get hundreds of bids. The game now is to put in that preliminary bid that gets you into the next round when they narrow down to whatever number it is - 20, 10 - that they really want to talk about," Greater Boston Chamber of Commerce President James Rooney told reporters Wednesday.

Boston Mayor Marty Walsh wants the company's HQ2 to be built in his city, and local officials in Worcester and Merrimack Valley communities have also reportedly indicated interest. Newton Mayor Setti Warren, a Democrat who is running for governor next year, plans to hold a conference call Friday morning to discuss his plan for bringing the headquarters to Massachusetts.

Senate President Stan Rosenberg, an Amherst Democrat, said he plans to tell the governor to focus on areas outside of Boston in his pitch.

"If we're going to be going down the path of Amazon, we should be selling Massachusetts, not Boston," Rosenberg told WHMP. The Pioneer Valley lawmaker said, "There's housing all over the state that is in need of rejuvenation and habitation. There's open space where you can build more housing that's affordable. But you can't get there, and so therefore we need trains to get people back and forth."

House Speaker Robert DeLeo, a Winthrop Democrat, has encouraged Amazon to consider Suffolk Downs on the Revere-Boston line.

In Greater Lowell, a coalition of communities including Lowell, Billerica and Tewksbury hopes to entice Amazon to consider land near Baker Commodities off Billerica Avenue, near where Billerica, Tewksbury and Lowell share a boundary.

In Essex County, the communities of Lawrence, Haverhill and North Andover announced they were collaborating to attract Amazon.

If a Bay State locale was selected for the Seattle company's second headquarters, it could bring transformative economic development. The company said it expects the second headquarters will employ as many as 50,000 people with "high-paying jobs," and invest $5 billion in construction.

That many new workers represents about a year's worth of job growth in Boston, said Rooney, noting that if Amazon chose to build in Boston that growth could conceivably all occur in one location. Incentives from the state could include transportation upgrades, Rooney said. While tax incentives are a common tool to encourage business growth in Massachusetts and elsewhere, Rooney opined that Boston would not need to "bid in terms of the financial investment as much as some other cities might to attract Amazon."

The Boston Globe reported MassDevelopment agreed to spend $200,000 on site selection work associated with the state's pitch, and sites in New Bedford and Weymouth are under consideration.

"What we're going to do is offer up a whole bunch of sites that we believe would fit the criteria that Amazon's discussing," Baker said.

State officials will hope to hear from Amazon about any locations that are of particular interest to the company, he said.

Asked about incentives the state might offer, Baker said, "It's very hard for me to figure out how I would actually offer an option without knowing what the site is, what the types of jobs would be, or over what period of time the program would roll out."

The Office of Housing and Economic Development has spoken to interested officials across the state and encouraged them to apply if they meet criteria, according to the office.

Phase 1 proposals are due Oct. 19.

"Massachusetts is home to a highly skilled and talented workforce, the world's leading educational institutions and a thriving innovation economy that continues to attract companies like Amazon, and new investments and job opportunities from around the globe. We look forward to engaging stakeholders and presenting a convincing argument as to why Amazon should choose Massachusetts for its second U.S. headquarters," said Michelle Hillman, a spokeswoman for the Office of Housing and Economic Development, in a statement.

Walsh and Baker teamed up to convince General Electric to choose Boston as the site of its new headquarters - offering the company $120 million in infrastructure upgrades and $25 million in city tax breaks. The bid was successful and news broke that GE would move to Boston in January 2016.

In that case, GE executives told officials they were interested in Boston's Seaport, which is around where they decided to build their new headquarters.

"As they were doing their review, they got down to a few places and they said, 'Seaport District. That's where we want to be. If we are in Massachusetts, that's where we want to be,'" Baker said. He said, "So we were then in a position where we could actually say, 'OK, Seaport District. That helps. How about we pick the location and then we figure out what we might do.'"


text:
A DIY Guide To WordPress

wp blog

A blog is a DIY project of an individual’s passion and reflections over a subject or a discussion of his choice. Touche! It involves zero cost and thought process. That’s why, a piece of information on this wp seo guide written by Bit Pak, which is available at cnet.com throws much-needed light on content writer’s DIY pet project on a digital platform. In fact, one wonders, if there are any other guides or tutorials which teach starting a blog as simple as this.

Albeit, the blog was a started as a hobby in the early stages, nowadays blogging is considered as a career choice by many enthusiasts. A lot of serious work can be done on this platform, which also brings in money, name, and fame among other vital perks.

Omnipresence of WordPress SEO
It is the most crucial factors for increasing a blog’s visibility in search engines. Without further due, let’s start the tutorial:
· Firstly, an XML file (like Sitemap) is a directory of all important links like posts, tags of a blog. It assists search engine robots to discover the blog’s existence out there and lists it on the search engine. An installation and plugin of Google XML sitemap will largely serve the purpose.
· Next, a landing on Google Webmaster tool with submission and verification of the site along with a sitemap makes them extract and index all internal pages of the blog.

It is to be noted here that Google charges a penalty on low-quality contents (thanks to Panda updates). Hence, pages which revolve on tags, categories, archives aren’t of that great help for search engine index. In a sea of contents, it is absolutely necessary to be unique and different to make a mark of one’s blog or content.

A blog post’s URL. Since WordPress Permalink is not search-engine friendly, it is necessary to setup WordPress Permalink and adds a search friendly name to the URL, thereby making it much relevant to the content users and post readers. The Permalinks must be easy to remember, familiar, popular among the masses on the digital platform. One must avoid jargons and technical terms at any cost.

Alt Tags
These are the texts used to describe the graphical images inserted in the site or in the content of the blog. Images are generally inserted to enhance aesthetics of the content. Moreover, images are a reliable way to reflect in Pinterest, Images search, Flickr, etc. and ladder up image ranks on SEO. If there are a plethora of images in the content, then they can be submitted to Google Webmaster tools for intense indexing.

Meta Tags And Titles
They are a tiny description of the content within the head section of an HTML page. Meta descriptions in 160 characters are a great way of increasing rank revenues on an SEO platform. Hence inserting catchy phrases and keywords in them is highly recommended.
The tutorial served here is more than just a guideline. Creating a WordPress blog requires passion, interest, creativity and a little more than patience to survive and earn a reputation.

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text:
The Wulf and the Tiger #4

The fourth part of my adult sci-fi/western novel The Wulf and the Tiger. This follows directly on from the last part. Please bear in mind it’s a first draft work in progress.

The man with the green eyes rose his head. ‘An oversight,’ he repeated simply.

The man with the green eyes stood stiff. ‘We don’t quite understand sir. Not yet. But we’re missing someone. He’s gone completely off the grid.’

The man with the green eyes nodded. ‘It has happened before.’

The man with the green eyes looked a little surprised. ‘It has, sir?’

The man with the green eyes looked at the man with the green eyes. ‘How old are you?’

‘Six hundred, sir.’

‘You are very young.’

‘I know sir. I’m good at what I do, sir.’

‘When you get as old as me, you see a lot of mistakes in the universe. A lot of problems, especially when it comes to Reshuffles.’ He paused, then stroked his smooth head with a forefinger, as though slicking down invisible hair. ‘I don’t think there’s anything in the universe or out of it that can be surprise me. I’ve seen everything.’

‘Yes sir.’

‘Find out what happened. If there’s a culprit, find them. And find whoever went missing. Nobody gets to leave the grid. And nobody is untraceable.’

‘He was from Earth-502, sir. His name is -’

The man with the green eyes looked coldly at his inferior. ‘I do not care what his name is. Find him.’

‘Yes sir.’

Any fool could tell you not to fall asleep beside a wild tiger, but Jay Wulf had gone and done just that. It wasn’t as though he’d planned to. There had been no point when he’d yawned and settled down, thinking ‘I’ll just close my eyes for a wink, I’m sure I’ll hear if the tiger gets up to maul me.’

It had merely been the case that one moment he was awake and the next, as the lilac sky deepened and the indigo clouds drifted back from the horizon, he was not. There was a sensation in his head of a whirlpool; circling it, and being sucked ever downwards.

His last thoughts were nothing concrete, merely a spiral of tigers of all colours, and the report of guns everywhere, and of alien technology, lasers and leviathan ships. And then just the desert, and the woman Sav coming from out the sand, swaying towards him, and how his insides breathed for her, how he ached.

Eventually the tiger closed its own eyes and began to purr next to him in sleep.

The mind of Jay Wulf was a mess. It stank – sweet smells and sour, all carrying a familiarity that he could not put his finger on. There was clutter everywhere; he moved through a room filled with pelts and ripped silk, with leather half cut into holsters and saddles. There was bloodstains on the floorboards and hung on the half rotting walls were guns and knives and swords. The furniture was a hodgepodge of old and new, and was piled high with trinkets and semi-valuable treasures. There was an old ship’s wheel resting against the wall, almost the size of him. A nearby fire burned low in a grate, casting flickers on the wheel that made it look like it was reliving past battles of sword and flame.

On blankets and fur strewn in the centre were several naked women. They were beautiful in that vague, dream-like way, where no one aspect can be concentrated on enough to provide any real kind of definition to the person, no sense that any part of who they were could survive awakening.

‘Hello, Jay,’ purred one of the women. Just like the tiger.

‘Hello,’ Jay replied. ‘Where am I?’

The women just smiled at him. ‘Come to bed, Jay,’ they said.

‘Who are you? No, for that matter, who am I?’

They giggled. ‘You know who you are,’ said one.

‘Jay Wulf, I suppose,’ he said.

‘The greatest fighter in the world,’ cooed one of them.

‘The greatest lover in the world,’ said another.

‘The greatest man -’

‘With the biggest -’

The final words were gurgled as the room blew away like smoke.

‘Get off her,’ he said.

The man glanced behind him to see a gun pointed at his head. ‘What’s this?’ he growled, after a hesitation.

The man spat, half on the bed, half on the woman. ‘It’s got fuck all to do with you.’

Jay Wulf looked down at her, then back at the man. ‘Lady says no,’ he said simply.

‘Lady,’ the man snorted. ‘When a whore says no she says yes.’

The woman punched him in the side, and he grunted and drew a knife on her. ‘Do that again. Do that again.’

‘Sometimes, sure,’ Jay said. ‘But when this whore says no she means no.’ His gun remained trained on the man, unwavering.

‘And you can tell how?’

‘You can tell by not being a fucking idiot.’

The man moved his knife from the woman’s throat and turned it quickly in his hand, and Jay shot him in the forehead.

He shoved him off the woman and lifted her to her feet.

‘You got blood all over my fucking dress,’ she said.

‘Don’t I get a thank you?’ He holstered his gun.

She looked him up and down. ‘You want a thank you for stopping him raping me? You’re not serious. That’s duty, not heroism.’

‘Not in this place it ain’t. Duties like that, they don’t stay around forever with lack of reward. Aye, well. I suppose.’ He leaned against the wall and spat. ‘You staying here? Want me to take you someplace else?’

‘No,’ she said. ‘What do you want, you want to try your luck too?’

‘Maybe I do,’ he replied. ‘But not tonight, I think. Tomorrow, perhaps. But it’ll be all luck and trying, and nought else.’

He yawned as she scowled. ‘But another whore will do,’ he said. ‘Willing and paid in more than good coin, have no fear. Fact, I think I’ll go for it now, taking your leave miss. Shooting that fella off you and meeting your fine self got my blood up and my dick hard.’

She stared at him in disbelief and anger. ‘You’re aroused from preventing a rape by way of murder?’

Jay laughed huskily. ‘Sounds a lot worse the way you put it. I wouldn’t put too much by it, though. My dick is always hard. It gets hard at someone opening a door, gets hard at another closing it.’

She looked down and said in a scathing tone, ‘it don’t look hard.’

Jay laughed. ‘Aye, down for one minute, out of respect.’ He nodded at her and stood up off the wall. ‘I’ll be going now. Don’t mind him no more’ – he kicked the dead body – ‘I’m sure you can sleep around him. Get some rest. Whores need their rest.’

‘Whores need a day where they aren’t whores.’

‘That too.’ He touched his brow and left, leaving bloody footprints on the wood that got fainter and fainter with every step.

He woke up to the tiger once again a few inches from his face, upside down and glaring, with an insistent rumbling kind of purr that was closer to growl. Jay yelled and sprang up, and the tiger watched him disdainfully as he scrambled to get to the uncovered gun.

Jay picked it up and – under the tiger’s watch – slowly put it in his holster. Finding out that he hadn’t been ripped apart after he’d passed out had given him enough reason to believe that his life wasn’t in danger any more. Well, not from the tiger at least. No doubt the rest of this land (wherever the Hell it was) wanted to kill him.

‘Let’s get this straight,’ he said.

The tiger yawned at him. A long yawn, too long by Jay’s count.

‘Are you done? Neither of us, I think, wants to hurt each other. But I mean, well, am I crazy here? You’re a smart cat, aren’t you?’

The tiger licked his lips.

Jay sighed. ‘Be that way. I’m going on. I may be in a new body in quite possibly a new world, but I sure know what hunger and thirst feel like. I feel . . . not good, and I need saving. I need to get to the nearest town, and the sooner the better or I’m gonna die out here.’

The tiger watched Jay stand up wearily and turn away.

‘Leaving me to it?’ Jay said, then shrugged his shoulders and continued on.

Jay was about to pass between two shelves of rock when he felt teeth on his leg. He yelled out and kicked away, and the tiger backed off, snarling.

‘Listen, fuck off!’ Jay said, removing the gun from his holster and waving it ineffectually once more. He replaced it back in its holster and made to move on.

The tiger darted in and bit at his leg again, but this time it just caught the light cloth of his pants. They didn’t rip, but the tiger was dragging him, and Jay staggered, trying to keep his balance.

‘What is it!’ More like a dog than a cat, he thought. The kind of dog move that means something . . . ‘What’s that boy?’ he said, leaning down. ‘Timmy fallen down the well? Ouch!’ He lifted his leg and rubbed it where the tiger had bit him, harder than before. ‘Alright alright! What do you want?’

The tiger padded away a few steps, then looked meaningfully back at him.

‘You want me to go that way? That’s the way I came from!’

The tiger said nothing, but waited impatiently.

‘Let me think for a second.’ The tiger flopped to the ground. ‘Well,’ Jay pondered out loud, ‘if I follow you, you might just lead me back to my starting position, you might lure me into an ambush and eat me . . . although I suppose you could have killed me at any point . . . But you could just be taking me back to your lair, which wouldn’t exactly do me much good, unless . . . unless you know where water is? I’m not going to feast on any raw critter you have waiting for me, I’ll have you know. Then there’s the other hand, I suppose if I ignore you you’ll just keep biting and dragging me, won’t you?’

The tiger nodded.

Do you understand what I’m saying! I know you do! Hello!’ Jay waved his hand in the tiger’s face.

The tiger looked at him balefully, then stood up and walked off.

‘Alright, I’m coming. All I’m saying, is if you lead me into a trap, or worse, to nowhere at all, and I die because of you, I’m going to be pretty mad. I’m just saying.’

Jay picked his way back among the rocks, his throat aching. I need drink soon. The tiger has to keep hydrated too. I just wish that Sav woman hadn’t fucked off . . . no doubt a tendency to quickly fuck off has served her well in the past.

She saved me, though. So that must mean at least one person is on my side. Somewhat.

Unless she just wants to kill me herself at a later date.

He remembered the dream. Walking slowly amongst the room of junk and treasure, guns and blades and blood, the room of animal furs and naked, flattering ladies.

Then he remembered what came after, and he knew it hadn’t been a dream, not really.

It had been a memory.

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Get Ready, Everyone!

Presidential debates can often be pretty dry affairs. Sure, you get the occasional memorable moment in great president-debating like "Need some wood?" (how the eff is that not on YouTube?), but mostly it's just a bunch of boring boringpantses regurgitating their boring focus-group tested answers to boring questions about boring stuff like whether they will protect, or totally demolish into tiny wee little unreconstitutable pieces of sadness, programs like Social Security.

BUT NOT THIS YEAR! Not if Willard "Mitt" Romney has anything to say about it!
In a conference room at the Democratic headquarters, President Obama has been preparing for the debate next week, but the reviews of his staff are already in. Too long, they tell him. Cut that answer. Give crisper explanations. No one wants a professor; they want a president.

Hundreds of miles away in New England, Mitt Romney's team has been working to make sure he avoids coming off as a scold. His sparring partner, Senator Rob Portman of Ohio, channeling Mr. Obama, has gone after him repeatedly, to the point of being nasty. The goal is to get Mr. Romney agitated and then teach him how to keep his composure, look presidential.

...Mr. Romney's team has concluded that debates are about creating moments and has equipped him with a series of zingers that he has memorized and has been practicing on aides since August.
Zingers! Cool! I love zingers. Who doesn't love zingers? They're so zingy!

And if I know anything about zingers, the one way to make them really zing is by rehearsing them for months.

That makes them sound EXTRA spontaneous!

I wonder if Team Romney has considered filing a request to relocate the debate to Skadoodlies Komedy Klub? That would make it super presidential and shit.

photoshopped image of Mitt Romney at a comedy club called Skadoodlies saying: 'D'you guys hear the one about the millionaire d-bag with the 14% tax rate who called people on welfare moochers?'

Shakesville is run as a safe space. First-time commenters: Please read Shakesville's Commenting Policy and Feminism 101 Section before commenting. We also do lots of in-thread moderation, so we ask that everyone read the entirety of any thread before commenting, to ensure compliance with any in-thread moderation. Thank you.

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Last Comic Standing semi-finals begin

Cynthia is at the top of her game as the Television Blogger here at SheKnows. Don't touch that dial!

Battle for Comic final

Gandolfini sells the shirt off his back and the comics take the stage in Las Vegas for the semi-finals of "Last Comic Standing."

Battle for Comic finalLesson from last night: don't brag because that will make you look all the more stupid when you're cut in the first round. "Shear Genius" is back and it really is! They put those braggarts to the test by making them cut hair blindfolded. Then the stylists had to do a practical version of cartoon-inspired hair. And how apropos, since this year, the personalities are bigger than Marge Simpson's blue-do!

Last night was also week three for the "So You Think You Can Dance" contestants. I give you my opinion on each and every dance in my weekly recap which can be found here.

I also made it through another episode of "Celebrity Circus." I think it's the human need to rubberneck that makes me keep tuning in week after week. That and seeing Antonio Sabato Jr. without his shirt.

Tonight on TV

It's pretty slim pickings.

ABC pulls the wraps off a new hospital docu-drama called "Hopkins" after reruns of "Ugly Betty" and "Grey's Anatomy."

CBS has a new "Swingtown" after reruns of "How I Met Your Mother," "Rules of Engagement," and "CSI."

NBC begins the Vegas semi-finals on "Last Comic Standing" at 8:00 and finishes with a new "Fear Itself," this one directed by John Landis.

The CW has their usual "Smallville" and "Supernatural" one-two punch.

FOX goes with "Are You Smarter Than a Fifth Grader" and then it's the "So You Think You Can Dance" elimination show.

Over on cable

"The Bill Engvall Show" and "My Boys" are both new on TBS. Bravo has "Kathy Griffin: My Life on the D-List."

Rascal Flatts guests on "Live From Abbey Road" on Sundance at 10:00 and HGTV has several new episodes including "Designed to Sell" and "Rate My Space."

And it's 2006 and 2007 on "I Love the New Millennium" on VH1

News and notable

"Deadwood's" Timothy Olyphant is joining the the cast of FX's "Damages."

Hart Bochner is joining the cast of USA Network's The Starter Wife playing Molly's (Debra Messing) new love interest.

The wives of NBA player Eric Snow and NFL linebacker Ed Hartwell, will join three other women for Bravo's "Real Housewives of Atlanta."

An auction of 25 outfits worn by James Gandolfini on "The Sopranos" brought in more than $187,000 dollars for the Wounded Warrior Project which helps wounded soldiers in Iraq and Afghanistan.

"Smallville's" John Schneider has begun work on an independent TV production being shot on Catalina Island. It's an unusual move to shoot without distribution, but Schneider, who is an investor in the series, has faith in the project.

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About Shop-Vi.co.uk

“I love to help other people with their weight loss and fitness goals”
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After my own weight loss success with Body by Vi shakes and Nutra Cookies, I decided to carry on using the products for their convenience and delicious taste, together with regular exercise to build lean muscle. Today, nearly four years on starting the Challenge has been one of the best decisions of my life.

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You get discounts of up to 15% off, and free shipping when you spend £300+ which is an incentive to switch more of your existing meals, snacks, and drinks to healthy Vi products.

Did you know that Vi now do a healthy protein breakfast cereal, and we have a range of delicious snacks including the new Vi Bites?

I’m always on hand on my mobile number 07967 646039 if you need any help. You can also call me if you want to order any products by phone. I’m always happy to help and will call you back if you leave a message.

As someone who has used all the products myself, and continue to use them to stay fit and healthy, I’m delighted to advise you on the best products to match your goals, and give tips on how to use the products most effectively.

Click here to browse the products.


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$12,995, 2015 Dodge Dart Sxt 19k Miles

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Lee\\\'s Summit Dodge Chrysler Jeep Ram 816-875-0711, 2015 Dodge Dart, $12995, 1051 SE Oldham Pkwy, Lee\\\'s Summit, MO 64081 Test Drive Financing Options We buy cars! Dealership Address & Directions About Dealer 2015 Dodge Dart SXT $ 12,995 816-875-0711

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Coffee urns accessories Cup For Sale

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Click the store of your choice to purchase Hershey's Bake Shoppe Mint Chocolate Chips:

Bake Shoppe Mint Chocolate Chips

10.00 oz
SKU / UPC: 034000140008

Nutrition Facts
Serving Size 1 tbsp
Servings Per Container 19
Amount Per Serving
Calories 80Calories from Fat 35
% Daily Value*
Total Fat 4g6%
Saturated Fat 2.5g13%
Sodium 0mg0%
Total Carbohydrate 10g3%
Sugars 8g
Protein -1g
Vitamin A0%
Vitamin C0%
Iron 2%

Semi-Sweet Chocolate (Sugar; Chocolate; Cocoa Butter; Milk Fat; Soy Lecithin; and Vanillin, Artificial Flavor); and Oil of Peppermint.

Melting Directions: Microwave: Place 1- 2/3 cups (10 oz) chips in a small microwave-safe bowl. Microwave on high (100%) 1 minutes; stir. If necessary, microwave on high for an additional 15 seconds at a time, stirring after each heating, just until chips are melted when stirred. Top of Stove: Place chips in a small heavy saucepan over lowest possible heat. Stir constantly just until chips are melted.

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Hershey Foods Corporation

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Monthly Archives: October 2016

Sorry, Jundi – Page One.

OK, Page One of Sorry, Jundi.  This page and the next one are not thrillers, but will be relevant later on: note the loving attention paid to the depiction of the drag handle on the back of the vest.  That drag handle is Chekhov’s Drag Handle.

Sorry, Jundi.

After a two-week delay, here’s the beginning of the next story!

This is something of a first for these stories, in that it’s not based on something that happened to me, personally.  Rather, it happened to an NCO in a unit that I was previously assigned to, on a past deployment.  So, while I have no reason to doubt the general course of events, the depiction is based on my imagination and overall background knowledge.  Full disclosure.

“Jundi” is the Arabic word for “soldier,” and also the rank of “Private.”  It’s what American Soldiers in Iraq commonly refer to the Iraqi Army Soldiers, in general, as, and would not be considered particularly derogatory.

War is a Racket, Page 13 (the end).

Page 13, and the end of the current story.  There are at least two more going into this book, though, so look for the next one to begin in about a week and a half!

Page 12.

Page 12, as the story starts to wind down and they contemplate what it all means.


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Community invited to attend garden festivities at Long Beach Civic Center

The City of Long Beach will host a public celebration for a new vertical edible garden demonstration project at the Civic Center Edible Garden, located just outside City Hall, 333 W. Ocean Blvd., on Friday, July 27, from 10am to 1pm. The event is free.
“We are seeing more and more residents interested in developing urban gardens to grow their own food,” said Long Beach Mayor Bob Foster. “The Civic Center Edible Garden shows the community just how easy it is to produce healthy food without using a lot of space.”
Vertical garden systems offer healthy food cultivated by using even less space and are more efficient in terms of production and the amount of water needed, according to a press release issued by the City of Long Beach.
The free demonstration project will feature gardening workshops, cooking demonstrations, local musicians, artist displays and food trucks. A recycling and composting component will be highlighted.
The vertical edible garden demonstration project is funding by a grant from CBS EcoMedia Inc.’s EcoAd program, with support from Waste Management.
“This Civic Center Edible Garden project is a terrific example of a city utilizing its public space to showcase how simple and easy it is for citizens to incorporate meaningful sustainability into their daily lives. EcoMedia is proud to support the expansion of the garden, thanks to our EcoAd advertising partner, Waste Management,” said Paul Polizzotto, president and founder of CBS EcoMedia Inc. “Our successful public-private partnership is not only providing multiple environmental benefits for the Long Beach community, it’s also adding vital wellness and education benefits as well.”
The Civic Center Edible Garden was established in 2009 to demonstrate the many ways that Long Beach residents can utilize small spaces to grow fresh produce and live healthy, sustainable lifestyles.
“Waste Management’s commitment to sustainability and the environment of the community are perfectly represented in this edible garden project, and we’re delighted to be able to contribute funding to it through our partnership with the City and EcoMedia,” said Susan Moulton, West Group director of Public Sector Sales at Waste Management. “This demonstration garden provides exactly the kind of accessible example residents need to be able to easily grow fruits and vegetables the same way at their own homes and apartments and enjoy better health and nutrition for their families.”

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Inter Club Winter League and Red and White Shield

Week 6 of the Inter Club Winter League team event was played on Sunday 11th February 2018. To see results and latest team standings click on link below :-

Inter Club Winter League – Week 6 Team Standings

The sixth winter medal of 2017/2018 took place on Sunday 4th February 2018. Winter medals are played during the period November to March with winners amassing points rather that gaining medals. The player with most points over the period will be presented with the Red and White Shield. To see the result of the medal and week 6 player standings please click on link below :-

Red and White Shield – Week 6 2017-2018