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Why should you choose CHC-Photography, Inc. for your Senior Portraits?

When I watch a TV show or movie I am always rooting for the underdog. Often I see myself as an underdog and that's why I can relate. Growing up in East Germany I can't say that my hopes and dreams were fostered. Given the fact that I was always a little rebelious and free spirited and didn't fit in, I was actually put down a lot by teachers and bullied by a certain class mate. It does leave it's marks but one of my best traits is Resilience. When we fled East Germany two years before the wall came down, we had to leave all of our belonging behind. Imagine leaving your house today with one suitcase and never seeing the rest again. I couldn't tell my friends goodbye out of fear they would figure out our plan and put us in prison as they did with so many. Long story short, my parents and I started our lives over from zero. I was 13 at the time, new school, new home, new town. We traited all of our belongings for freedom. We had a nice life in east germany but nobody could follow their dreams there. Life was already prewritten for everyone there. Part of the excitement of life is that you don't know what's next, you don't know what adventures lay ahead.

Here is my story...I grew up in East Germany, my dad is German and my mom is Polish. I grew up in a country to had locked borders

and no political freedom. I lived there until I was 13. I was a free spirited girl and allowed to roam the neighborhood because everyone did. I walked my 1 kilometer walk to preschool by myself. My parents sent me shopping to the bakery or butcher with a list when i couldn't read yet and just handed the list over. There wasn't that many cars at the time in East Germany but we lived right by a busy street and I did almost get run over once. After that I learned how to cross big streets and intersections real quick...ha!

My mom worked as tourist guide and in her free time she would sew...I would hang out with her in the sewing room and watch her.

My dad was a machinist and in his free time he would make things out of wood in the basement. I loved watching him as well. His wooden lamp fixtures, wooden curtain roods I am pretty sure can to this day still be found in many homes in my home town of Eisenach. I have a beautiful vanity I was able to bring here and I truly treasure it as it hung in my home in East Germany and remember it since I was very little.

So, my mom would sew matching clothes for us and I particularly remember a yellow summer suit, pants and a jacket with a leopard top

(to this day my mom loves animal prints...yikes!) Heads would turn when my mom and I walked down the street. I was maybe 10 and she was 34 at the time. Now that I am past 40, I realize how young she really was. I also realized how special it is to have these memories today.

During the summer my mom would bring me to Poland and I would stay there for almost 2 months travelling among her 5 brothers. At the time you could buy a lot of cool jewelry and hair accessories in Poland. I made all of my uncles buy me sterling rings and other knick knacks. Nobody could resist because I was persistent. My grandmother also loved rings and I credit her for my obsession with jewelry and rings in particular. My mom let me decide what to wear to school and I must've at some points looked like somebody out of an 80's music video. Too much color, big plastic hoop earrings etc.

Needless to say that did not go over well with some of my teachers where everyone should not stick out! I didn't understand any of it at the time. Where I lived we could watch West German TV and see all the commercials of all the cool stuff, like Adidas and Puma, haribo gummibears and I just couldn't figure out why we didn't have that in the store where I lived. I said when I grow up I am going to make sure East German will also have Haribo's at their stores...it made my parents laugh but I can't image how they really felt at the time. Nobody wants their kids to grow up without possibilities and without true freedom. In my childish mind I wanted people to have the same things and access.

Growing up I never heard follow your dreams or you can be whoever you want to be but i also never heard that I couldn't. Like I said my parents would just smile or laugh at what came out of my mouth at times and I guess didn't have the heart to fill me in just yet.

At 12 my parents and I were in a terrible car crash on our way back home from Poland after my parents picked me up after the summer. My parents were severely injured and had to stay in the hospital for a long time. Eventually my grandpa came to pick me up because I need to start 6 or 7th grade I don't recall. It took a couple months before my mom was back in Germany and even longer for my dad before he could be transported. For the most part I lived by myself during that time because my school was closer to my house rather than my grandparents. Times were different and kids didn't get babied and I was very independant at a very early age. Spending every summer since I was 6 years old or younger in Poland without my parents prepared me for living in the usa.

I remember trying to cook and putting a frozen steak into a boiling pan with oil...ouch! It was not edible and very burned. I dont remember too much detail from this time, exept missing my parents and looking for my parents in the cars that drove by while walking to school or my sports. I always hoped I would see my parents driving up the street. It seems like a long time before the 3 of us where back together. My dad couldn't work and it took a while for him before he could walk again. My parents where only 32 years old when the accident happend and like I said now I realize how young they were. I didn't have my son until I was 32, but my parents were in their 20's when they had me.


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I love the show Criminal Minds. For those less familiar, Criminal Minds is a whodunit crime drama centered around the psychological makeup of the “unsub” (i.e. police speak for bad guy). Hotch and his team of crime-fighting superstars spend the entire episode analyzing clues and building a profile of the suspected murderer.

Just like in the show Criminal Minds, we, as marketers, must work to “profile” our ideal prospects, or the type of people most likely to buy from us. By focusing on our target audience, we waste less time on weaker leads and significantly increase the efficiency with which we move our stronger lead through the funnel. Pardot can help us do this by offering Grading capabilities which we can use to find those stronger leads.

On a side note: I cannot mention grading without bringing up lead scoring. Grading is how interested you are in a prospect based on a set of criteria, but scoring tells us how interested our prospects are in us based on their actions. You need both to fully qualify your optimal leads. For this blog post however, I wanted to focus on the grading side and how to identify your target audience. Read more about scoring (and grading) in this blog post: Lead Scoring & Grading – How it Works.

For now, here are 3.5 tips for building out your ideal prospect profile:

1. Get Advice from the Experts

Throughout the show, the other characters on the team turn to Dr. Spencer Reid, the brainiac, for his insight and expertise in psychology. As marketers, we need to consult our sales team. Our sales team will have the best insight on who they want to talk to and type of person or company that is most likely to turn into a sale. Conducting quick interviews with each member of the sales team will give marketers a good place to start in building their ideal prospect profile. Look for things like company size, job title, location, industry, and revenue size. Start simple and build from there.

2. Consult Previous Cases

Often times, it helps to look back on what happened in the past to help make sense of the present and even predict the future. The show, Criminal Minds, is always making references to real life cases from the past to help them draw further conclusions on crime and profile at hand. Similarly, we can use our pool of current customers to help determine what our future customers may look like. Run reports on your current customer base to find common characteristics to continue building out the your profile.

3. Look at Motive in Addition to Characteristics

At first, it’s important to start out simple. Find 3 to 5 solid, common characteristics based on your sales interviews and your current customer pool, and use that as your foundation. From there, build on to your profile and get specfic. Consider looking at motive, too. Start asking questions around BANT (Budget, Authority, Need, and Timeframe). Answers to these questions can help hone in on those ideal prospects most likely to turn into a sale.

You can use features like progressive profiling in Pardot to help collect this type of information on all your prospects and build out a detailed prospect profile overtime without asking too many questions up front.

3.5 Test and Refine

Finally, down the line, test your profile. In 6 months to a year, go back and talk to your sales team again and analyze your new pool of current customers. Check to make sure that your previous assumptions are still valid. Always, always, always continue to refine your prospect profile. Like in the TV show, the first suspect may not be the right one, but through research and analysis eventually the right person is identified and brought to justice.

Check out this infographic for additional insight on grading and scoring: A Guide to Scoring and Grading Your Leads [INFOGRAPHIC]

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Watch Anime Online

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Lyons, IL Real Estate

Lyons IL Real Estate Overview

Open Houses

Short Sales

Lyons IL Real Estate Stats

Average Price in Lyons: $162,825  County Average: $491,774

Average Taxes in Lyons: $3,869  County Average: $9,207

Average Cost Per Sqr Ft in Lyons: $72  County Average: $238

Average Walkscore in Lyons: 56  County Average: 66

Average Year Built in Lyons: 1952  County Average: 1962

Average Days on Website in Lyons: 84  County Average: 96

Lyons IL Real Estate Market Health

Areas in Lyons IL

Most Popular Listing

Popular Lyons Real Estate

Most Expensive Listing

Expensive Lyons Real Estate

Least Expensive Listing

Cheap Lyons Real Estate

Listings in Lyons

great for investors, owner can rent unit.the condo is located in the great Lyons township high school district. come and make this unit your place to live in....

Drive by only. tenant living in the home. purchaser responsiblle to evict if necessary...

asphalt driveway with turn-arround. terrific highlands district 106 and Lyons township high school district 204 please exclude chair lift....

Raised brick ranch with a big lot and good sized back yard...

located on a quiet, tree-lined street in desirable la grange park and Lyons twp hs district. sold "as is" from an estate but meticulously maintained. furnace 2012, washer/dryer 2011, back-up sump pump 2009, perma-seal 2010, garage siding 2009, kitchen windows 2008, bathroom remodel 2007, bedroom windows 2006!!!...

Brick georgian with 3 bedrooms. living & dining room combo...

two possible public elementary school districts available (pleasantdale and highlands) - both highly rated! and highly rated Lyons township high school, too! easy access to expressways and shopping....

Brick bungalow located on quiet street situated on nice double lot...

Home has passed village of Lyons inspection. can close quickly...

Terrific corner location. brick/aluminium bi-level home move in condition...

Building opportunity in wonderful Lyons ridge! stretch out on this 58,471 sq ft homesite...

Comfortable clean and well maintained brick home is just waiting for you freshly painted , newer heater ,ac, humidifier,roof large fenced yard, 2car garage, walking distance to school and easy access to expressways...

This victorian style, legal non-conforming 2 flat features beautiful natural woodwork and hardwood floors throughout...

location is minutes from expressways, trains and beautiful hiking areas. located in a cul-de-sac Lyons township hs/highlands gs...

Unit town home in highly coveted pleasantdale and Lyons township school district. freshly painted with todays must have decorators colors, ...

Charming, stylish & contemporary. meticulously renovated inside & out...

gigantic unfinished basement full of potential! elementary schools Lyons/pleasant ridge. attea middle school, glenbrook south high school. easy access to the glen and metra train station. dona a a t miss out!...

Calling all investors: brick 4-flat with additional 1 bedroom garden unit in basement...

Be home for the holidays! this lovingly maintained home offers you great space and many wonderful details thruout...

Don't wait til spring! to buy, when you can have the perfect home righ now at an off-season price...

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Forever 21 Button Up Blouse

last updated on Jan 13, 2018

All about Forever 21 Button Up Blouses

Forever 21 Button Up Blouses first appeared on Chictopia's streetstyle gallery in Winter 2011 seen on Los Angeles blogger bethanystruble of She styled her white Forever 21 button up blouse with a black cotton on suede bootie shoes, tan Forever 21 double breasted coat, and black leather shorts shorts. Since then, Forever 21 Button Up Blouses have grown in popularity as bloggers from Los Angeles, Miami, and San Diego have discovered them. Forever 21 Button Up Blouses are generally seen in chic, casual, and basic style. Popular types of Forever 21 Blouses are floral print, polka dot, lace, chiffon, and sheer.

itsmesayonara gave Forever 21 blouses a rating of 5 stars and said: "How to Shop Smart at Forever 21 From Amber Mortensen, former Guide Try out your favorite trends, but be choosy. Avoid the more gimmicky, obviously mass-produced fads and stick with vintage-inspired pieces and trends that enhance your existing style. Load up on statement accessories. One of Forever 21's biggest strengths is their impressive collection of inexpensive statement accessories."  See all 38 reviews for Forever 21 blouses...

There are currently 28 streetstyle photos of bloggers wearing Forever 21 Button Up Blouses. Most recently, blogger nanysklozet of rocked her white Forever 21 button up blouse with a gray Shoedazzle shoes, navy Forever 21 skinny jeans, and gray mary gaby leopard bag.
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Salmon T-Shirt

last updated on Jan 13, 2018

All about Salmon T-Shirts

Salmon T-Shirts first surfaced on Chictopia's streetstyle gallery in Winter 2011 seen on Vancouver Canada blogger CaraJ of She wore her salmon American Eagle tank top t-shirt with a ivory Aida Coronado worn as skirt hand made in mexico dress, brown LuLu*s leather with crochet belt, and camel Jessica Simpson danys heels. Since then, Salmon T-Shirts have grown in popularity as bloggers from Seattle, Los Angeles, and Antwerpen have discovered them. Salmon T-Shirts are generally seen in casual, chic, and comfortable style. Popular brands of Salmon T-Shirts are American Eagle, pull&bear, Bershka, Zara, and H&M.

44266 gave H&M t-shirts a rating of 4 stars and said: "I really like H&M t-shirts, the colours are usually so bright and fun! Especially the plain t-shirts which are either v-necks or sound necks; the shape is great and hugs perfectly the body. I have had a few problems though with some the t-shirts i bought from H&M; the fabric seems to twist after a few washings so the sewin line on the sides end up at the front and back at the bottom of the shirt."  See all 54 reviews for H&M t-shirts...

There are currently 101 streetstyle photos of bloggers wearing Salmon T-Shirts. Most recently, blogger ChristingC of rocked her salmon wild fox t-shirt with a brown Topshop hat, navy Maurie & Eve shorts, and silver TOMS loafers.
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salmon t-shirt
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ThankYou Letter from Bounce!

We are proud to share a wonderful thank you letter from Dr. Whitney Maynor, Executive Director at one of our most cherished programs, Bounce!.

At our ThankYou Gala on September 16th, Childhood USA in partnership with Hastens raised an impressive sum of $64,000 for Bounce!. Thanks to Childhood supporters and Hastens, the surprise auction for the program proved to be a tremendous success. (Read more about the surprise auction here.)

Your contributions matter. Read below Dr. Maynor's letter dedicated to you.


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A lower court decision in a lawsuit involving three current and former members of the Green Hills Regional Planning Commission, the Green Hills Rural Development, Inc. and the city of Chillicothe has been affirmed by the Missouri Western District Court of Appeals, according to the Trenton Republican-Times.

The two-count suit was orignally filed in Grundy County by Michael Johns, former executive director of the RPC, who alleged taxpayer fraud and civil conspiracy involving the sale of a railroad from the RDI to the city of Chillicothe. Named in the original lawsuit, the newspaper reported, were Jackie Soptic, Elaine Loghry, Jerry Ann Robbins, the RDI and the city of Chillicothe and RPC Director Randy Railsback, who was eventually removed from the lawsuit. The case was then approved for a change of venue to the Livingston County Circuit Court, which ruled Johns had no cause of action due to the application of the statute of limitations. He then appealed the case to the Court of Appeals, which issued its ruling last week, the Republican-Times reported.


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The pharmaceutical giant said the agreement was related to an allegation that it had promoted Risperdal for unapproved uses.

The agreement, which has not been finalized, was disclosed earlier this week in a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

J&J said it has set aside funds to pay the proposed settlement fee, but did not disclose the amount.

The Justice Department and the U.S. attorney's office in Philadelphia are still pursuing other criminal and civil actions against the company, according to the filing.

Since 2004, J&J's Janssen Pharmaceuticals unit has been served with numerous subpoenas over Risperdal from federal and state prosecutors.

Attorneys general from 11 states are seeking penalties from J&J, which is based in New Brunswick, N.J.

Marketing drugs for off-label, or unapproved uses, is illegal, though common in the pharmaceutical industry.

In recent years the Justice Department has pursued allegations of off-label marketing against virtually every major pharmaceutical company.


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Pasadena social service agencies are slated to receive less Community Development Block Grant funding in the fiscal year beginning Oct. 1 than they got last year.

On Tuesday, the Pasadena City Council, with Councilman Don Harrison opposed, gave final approval to the list of agencies that will divide about $305,000 in federal CDBG funds. The 31-year-old grant program is funded by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development and administered by the city.

Before the city can start dispersing monthly payments, the list of recipients must be approved by HUD officials in Fort Worth and Washington, said Miles Arena, Pasadena's community development director. Arena said he expects to get the go-ahead from HUD shortly before the start of the new fiscal year.

Pasadena's total block grant funding for the year beginning Oct. 1 is $2.2 million, or about 6 percent less than last year's allocation of nearly $2.34 million. Last year's grant was the biggest Pasadena has ever received through the CDBG program, Arena said.

HUD officials in Washington decide each year how much CDBG funding each participating city will get. The decision is based upon a complicated formula including numerous factors, Arena said. Cities with fewer than 50,000 people are not eligible for the CDBG program.

Under HUD rules, Pasadena can give social service agencies up to 15 percent of its $2.2 million in CDBG funds. So far, the city has allocated about $305,000, or about 13 percent of the $2.2 million. Arena said the city is holding back a little bit of the CDBG funding it is allowed to give social agencies to cover other needs that may arise during the year.

Arena noted that administering the grants to 18 agencies and monitoring them each month to make sure the money is spent properly requires substantial paper work. Some cities, he said, don't give any of their CDBG money to service agencies but use it all on public infrastructure.

In cities that allocate some CDBG funding to service agencies, the program has proved to be popular and highly competitive, Arena said. For the second consecutive year, Pasadena had about $2.5 million in requests from service agencies, he said.

Decisions on which Pasadena groups received CDBG funding were made by the volunteer Community Development Board, which also reviewed all applications, Arena said.

Criticism from council

The agency that received the most for the 2006 fiscal year — $85,000 — was Bethany Place, a homeless shelter that drew criticism from Councilman Harrison during a spring election candidate's forum and at subsequent council meetings. In May, Harrison changed his position and said he thought the shelter was doing an "outstanding job" and called on the city to support it.

On Tuesday, however, Harrison voted against the ordinance that included $85,000 in federal grants for Bethany Place — $70,000 in CDBG funds and $15,000 from the Emergency Shelter Grant program.

Harrison said he had read the application from Bethany Place and had concerns about the agency's level of debt and its requirement that residents who receive paychecks donate a portion to the shelter.

It's not uncommon for the Community Development Board to vary the amount of CDBG funding that any particular agency receives in a given year, Arena said.

"This year, they cut back (on some groups) because they want groups to be more self-sufficient," Arena said. "We can't guarantee (CDBG funding) will be there every year."

Besides allocating $305,000 for social service agencies, the city divided up the remaining $1.9 million in CDBG funds to give about $697,000 for two public improvement projects (Hays Ditch, including North Park Street drainage, and Sunset Park pool house renovation); $195,000 for code enforcement (including demolition and lot clearance); $570,000 for housing rehabilitation (including $250,000 for Habitat for Humanity); and $442,000 to administer the program.

In addition to $2.2 million in CDBG funds, the city is set to receive $812,000 from HUD's HOME Investment Partnership Program, which is designed to create affordable housing for low-income residents.

Under the HOME program, the city will award $253,000 to residents in deferred loans for housing rehabilitation.

Also from the $812,000 HOME grant, the city will award $220,000 to Southeast Texas Housing Finance to assist home buyers with down payments and closing costs.

Pasadena Habitat for Humanity is slated to receive $36,000 from the HOME grant.

A third source of federal funding — about $85,000 from the Emergency Shelter Grant program — is to be divided among Bethany Place, Sarah's House, Project Joy and Hope, and Pasadena Community Ministries.

Last year was the first time that Pasadena received funding through the Emergency Shelter Grant, Arena said.


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His leg hurts in the rain, but Don Martin stood outside Houston City Hall on a wet morning Tuesday for a ceremony he refused to miss.

He was among about 300 people who listened as dignitaries and retired military members paid respect to veterans on behalf of their grateful nation in a ceremony that helped kick off the Veterans Day parade in downtown.

"It means closure to me," said Martin, 61.

Martin said he was wounded in the left leg during the Tet Offensive in Vietnam in 1968. His leg lets him know when the weather turns damp.

"I have a lot of friends who never came back," he added.

Jose D. Cordova, 58, served with the Army's 1st Cavalry Division in Vietnam in 1971-72.

"This is the honor they deserve," he said, referring to all who have served in the military.

The ceremony and parade honor all veterans. President Woodrow Wilson inaugurated the event in 1919 to commemorate the end of World War I and honor those who served in it.

The day originally was celebrated as Armistice Day, in observance of the cease-fire that took effect at the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month in 1918.

Later, the name was changed to Veterans' Day to honor all U.S. veterans.

Sen. John Cornyn, R-Texas, along with other congressional leaders, Mayor Bill White and Harris County Judge Ed Emmett paid tribute to veterans and the men and women now serving in the military.

"To all our veterans, all of those who wear the uniform of the United States military, 'Thank you,' " Cornyn said.

Matt Guillory, 46, retired from the Navy in 1999 and now works at the Houston National Cemetery. His job has special meaning, he said, because he cares for fellow veterans' remains.

"You're being honored to bury your brothers and sisters of all branches," he said. "You're basically burying your family."

After the ceremony at City Hall, the crowd hurried to join the hundreds of others who lined the downtown streets to watch the parade, complete with high school marching bands, precision-stepping ROTC units and military vehicles.

Seven-year-old Ethan Mc-Quhae said he wanted to attend the parade because he had never seen it before.

"I want to remember people who were in the wars," Ethan said.

Laura Ruiz, 19, a former Reagan High School student, wore her camouflage fatigues and stood ramrod straight as she listened to tributes during the morning's ceremony.

An Air Force reservist stationed at Lackland Air Force Base in San Antonio, Ruiz said she felt a duty to join the military and serve the country. She attended the ceremony to praise those who served before her and those who will serve after her.

"I wanted to thank the veterans," she said. "And hopefully, one day, I will see somebody who thanks me."


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SACRAMENTO, CALIF. — The gasoline tanker that exploded this week, causing a San Francisco-area freeway ramp to collapse, was cited repeatedly for safety violations and was ordered off the road last year because of faulty brakes, according to federal records.

The tanker's owner or driver was cited 27 times since 2004 for violations ranging from its unsafe brakes and tires to carrying more gasoline than the truck was rated for, according to documents obtained under a Freedom of Information Act request from the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration.

The six-year-old tanker was incinerated in an explosion that collapsed an interstate connector to the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge. It was owned by Sabek Transportation, a South San Francisco company that operates a fleet of eight trucks to ship gasoline between a refinery in Benicia and a string of gas stations in the Bay area.

The records obtained show Sabek's trucks have received at least 60 violations in the past three years during inspections by the California Highway Patrol. When the truck was found to have brakes that posed an imminent threat to public safety, it was held at the inspection site until they were repaired.

The truck involved in the highway collapse had not passed a single inspection since summer 2004 without at least one violation, according to the federal records.

Throughout that time, the company has maintained an overall "satisfactory" safety ranking from the patrol.

Sabek has not returned telephone messages left by The Associated Press since Sunday's explosion.

The 16 times the tanker was cited in the last 16 months appeared higher than normal, said Steve Keppler, director of policy and programs for the Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance, the nation's leading truck safety group.

But he cautioned that it is difficult to determine the seriousness of many of the violations without a thorough analysis.

Such citations are common in the trucking industry, he said. Law enforcement officers issue millions of tickets and order hundreds of thousands of trucks off roadways across the country each year for similar safety violations.

The four violations for carrying too much gasoline raise immediate questions, said John Conley, president of the National Tank Truck Carriers, an industry lobbying group. But four such citations probably are not enough to show a pattern of neglect, he said.

The truck had just left a refinery carrying 8,600 gallons of gasoline when it crashed en route to a gas station, the Highway Patrol said.

Investigators have not assigned blame but have said skid marks suggest the driver was speeding before the rig overturned and burst into flames.

The heat melted the freeway connector overhead, a key link between San Francisco and its eastern suburbs. The state hopes to finish repair work by June 29, officials said Thursday.

The truck driver, James Mosqueda, remains hospitalized with second-degree burns.

Records from the California Department of Motor Vehicles obtained by The Associated Press show he had previously had his license revoked or suspended but do not give the reason. Mosqueda, 51, had a clean driving record in the 10 years before the crash. Court records show he also had a series of criminal convictions between 1981 and 1996.


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Queen of the Jungle Scarlett Moffatt knows a thing or two about TV having made her name on the Gogglebox sofa.

Since winning ITV’s I’m a Celebrity, Scarlett has joined Ant and Dec on Saturday Night Takeaway, and is heading to Orlando, Florida to film this season’s final episode.

The finale will be beamed live from Disney World Resort on Saturday, April 8, so this week Virgin Holidays have been testing the County Durham TV star on her Disney and travel knowledge.

The 26-year-old was grilled by three miniature Disney expert holiday reps - who quizzed her on everything from her favourite Disney characters, to how to deal with excited children on Orlando-bound flights.

Scarlett said: “The mini Virgin Holiday reps were super professional, they really knew their stuff! I am the biggest Disney fan, so I have my fingers and toes crossed that I did well.

“I’ve always wanted to visit Walt Disney World, so filming the final show there is an absolute dream.

“Whether viewers are joining us there or sat at home in their comfies watching on TV, it will be a one to remember.”

Anthony McPartlin, Declan Donnelly and Scarlett Moffatt
Anthony McPartlin, Declan Donnelly and Scarlett Moffatt

Ant, Dec and Scarlett will all be at Disney World for the live series finale, along with lucky guests who bagged a ticket to join the North East trio Stateside.

David Geer, Managing Director of Virgin Holidays, said: “Our Virgin Holidays resort reps provide well-known and reliable assistance to customers on holiday, so we couldn’t let Scarlett head to Walt Disney World without giving her a crash-course in some vital information.

“We like to have a bit of a laugh at Virgin Holidays and Scarlett is just hilarious – we’re thrilled to work with her and bring our partnership with Ant & Dec’s Saturday Night Takeaway and Walt Disney World directly to our fans.”


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Church Finder, Gospel Music & Website Design Resources provides out of the box user friendly tools to find churches in your local area, Christian gospel music and resources for church website design. Churches and gospel musicians can create a page for free.

Want To Help People Find Your Church or Share Christian Gospel Music?

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Faithworks Centre - North Wiltshire, PE C0A 1Y0

The Centre is dedicated to reaching out to the local community and providing them a place of worship. Its principles are based soundly on the Bible. We enjoy spending time together on Sundays worshipp…

Faith Dimensions Ministries

Faith Dimensions Ministries is all about Jesus . The Dimensions of faith and the Holy Spirit is evident at Faith Dimensions. Milton Keynes MK12 5LT…

Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire View details
New Life Church - Milton Keynes MK12 5TH

New Life church is a community of people from many different ages, nations, and walks of life. We are united by a vision to live life the way Jesus described it should be. We join together to worship …

Milton Keynes, England View details
Christ Church - Milton Keynes, MK14 6GU

Christ Church in Milton Keynes is about Meeting God - Following Jesus - Serving People.…

Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire View details
Milton Keynes Christian Centre

Milton Keynes Christian Centre exists to bring people to Jesus, equipping them to be fully devoted followers of Christ.…

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RCCG Kings Court Chapel Milton Keynes Church - MK13 8LW

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What is Zoning?
Zoning is the practice of classifying areas and properties to allow for specific uses. With Council direction and a Committee of several residents, the City moved forward with the an update of Zoning Ordinance and Zoning Map. By doing so, The City of Cibolo will be able to create a tax base, promote smart growth, and protect our great neighborhoods!See Zoning Map

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Let’s admit it; people spend more time on their desktop, tab, or phone than on TV. That’s why it’s not a wonder that the best TV shows have been brought online.

 Online television is continually growing, and quickly. In fact, according to Statista, 76% of the American household has subscribed to video-on-demand (VOD) website last 2014. VOD is a system that allows users to watch any video content like TV shows anytime they want online. This is more convenient for people as they don’t have to wait for a specific broadcast time.

Top Online TV Series You Can Watch In One Sitting This 2017

The key players in the VOD market are Amazon Prime, Netflix, and Hulu. Even big TV channels like HBO are tapping into this industry, too. All of them offer original shows which people can watch online. Here are the top shortest TV series featured in these sites.

  1. Netflix: Stranger Things

Netflix offers a lot of great original series– from Marvel’s Daredevil and Orange is the New Black to BoJack Horseman. What Stranger Things have that those other awesome shows don’t is its short episode list. Stranger Things only has 8 episodes per season. Pair this an intense, mysterious plot and you can’t help but watch Season 1 in just one sitting. Stranger Things has won several awards in 2017– American Film Institute’s TV Program of the Year-USA being one of them.

The show is based on a horror/sci-fi web series by the Duffer Brothers. It started with the disappearance of Will. And in a town where nothing ever happens, all things about to happen after that episode is going everyone.

  1. Amazon Prime: Goliath

Nominated in Jupiter’s Best International TV Series last 2016, you can’t miss Goliath, especially if you ache for an old-school legal thriller. Like Stranger Things, it only has 8 episodes. However, 8 episodes are all you need to fully appreciate Billy Bob Thornton, who unsurprisingly won Golden Globe for his role in the series.

Thornton plays the character of Billy McBride, an alcoholic who used to be a great lawyer. When he agreed to accept a case against one large firm, he would soon reveal a deadly conspiracy. It’s easy to get a John Grisham vibe from the plot. That is to say that the story line is nothing short of compelling.

  1. Hulu: Casual

In just 10-13 episodes per season, Academy Award Director Nominee Jason Reitman will undoubtedly pull you into the show’s comedic plot. The series itself has been nominated for the Golden Globe for the Best Television Series- Comedy or Musical.

This comedy series revolves around a bachelor, his newly divorced sister, her teenage daughter and how they try to make their way in the crazy dating world. It wittingly mixes family drama with sexual scenes. Watching it, you’re sure to let out a loud laugh every now and then.

Final Thoughts

VOD providers are fully aware of how a show’s length affects the viewer’s’ decision to rent TV series online. Thus, it’s not difficult to find a series that offer quality content without having to last more than 23 episodes in 1 season.


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Baird Stafford in 'Nightmare'
Baird Stafford
Nightmare (Blood Splash; Nightmares in a Damaged Brain) (1981) [George Tatum]: Shot repeatedly in the chest and stomach by his son (C.J. Cooke) as the masked Baird is trying to kill C.J. with a knife; his body is shown afterwards in a body bag as the police unmask him.
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Award-Winning Band, The Grascals, Performs at Jewel Box Concerts at the Thomas Center

The City of Gainesville Parks, Recreation and Cultural Affairs Department, in cooperation with Shake Rag Cultural Center, Inc., is pleased to announce the next Jewel Box Concert at the Thomas Center Friday, June 23, featuring The Grascals. Doors open at 6 p.m., and the concert begins at 7 p.m. Admission is $20 at the door. Tickets can also be purchased online at

The Grascals are a six-piece bluegrass band hailing from Nashville, Tennessee. Founded in 2004, the band has gained a level of notability by playing on the Grand Ole Opry and in bluegrass festivals around the country. In the summer of 2004, Dolly Parton began to show interest in wanting to play with The Grascals. Soon after, they became Parton's opening act, as well as her band.

Performing at Dollywood and eventually the Grand Ole Opry, the band quickly became one of the up-and-coming bluegrass bands of the year. In 2005, the band won the International Bluegrass Music Association (IBMA) Emerging Artist of the Year Award, as well as the Song of the Year award for "Me and John and Paul." In 2006 and 2007, they won the IBMA Entertainer of the Year.

Samples of The Grascals’ music are available on their website at A photograph of The Grascals may be viewed at

Concert-goers may bring their favorite wine or champagne, and an attendant will tend their bottle. Plastic glasses will be provided, but guests are welcome to bring their own glasses, as well. Authentic, homemade Indian cuisine will be available for purchase.

The Jewel Box Concerts at the Thomas Center are a series of multi-genre musical events staged in the historic Thomas Center’s Spanish Court. They feature a spectrum of national and international touring artists from folk to classical and from jazz to bluegrass, with special holiday shows and surprise guests.

The Thomas Center is located at 302 NE Sixth Ave. in Gainesville. The ticket office for the Jewel Box Concerts is 904-886-8378.

For additional information, please contact Russell Etling, cultural affairs manager, at or 352-393-8532, or contact Ernie Evans, the vice president of Shake Rag Cultural Center, Inc. at or 904-886-8378.


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Tomorrow, July 31st, marks four years since Walker County voters rejected Dr. Paul Shaw as a potential commissioner, instead siding with incumbent Bebe Heiskell in the July 2012 Republican Primary that decided that year’s election.

Re-Relect Bebe 2012 TP Sticker

Heiskell’s fourth term has been a disaster for every citizen, regardless of how they voted (or if they didn’t vote at all). Higher taxes, massive county debts, loss of services, deeper political corruption, and further deterioration of the economy and home values inside the county have resulted from voting choices made in July 2012.

Made even worse, the voters that year had no excuse because information about Heiskell’s ethical shortcomings and bad intentions was readily available to anyone willing to look for it and accept it.

Will voters follow her, or a candidate resembling her, off a cliff again this fall?

The three candidates scrambling to be commissioner next year – Heiskell, Perry Lamb, and Shannon Whitfield – were all on TV this week (if UCTV counts as real TV), making their case for votes.

Perry Lamb

A highlight of Lamb’s UCTV appearance Thursday night include a promise to be a hands-on road commissioner, “in my jeans and boots getting dirty if I need to.” He said the county needs more diverse businesses and said he wants to create an environment that will invite more restaurants into the community.

Shannon Whitfield Campaign Event

Whitfield, on UCTV Friday morning, vowed to spend county money on a satellite sheriff office in Rock Spring – another expensive, empty building along the lines of Commissioner Heiskell’s empty, pointless community centers.

Friday night Heiskell tried top top Whitfield by committing county funds to a sheriff office in Rossville, and claimed an illegal campaign donation made to her by Audia is acceptable because it was for a golf tournament. [More on that tomorrow.]

Meanwhile, a social media group run by Whitfield supporters has begun kicking out anyone who questions or challenges the candidate because he can’t defend himself or explain his positions any better than Heiskell does.

Lamb and Whitfield, but likely NOT Heiskell, will be in Rossville tonight for Sunset on the Pond, where voters can meet with them directly.

The November election is 100 days away, and can’t possibly get here too soon.   Tiny Facebook  Tiny Facebook  Tiny Facebook  Tiny Facebook

Truck-hating downtown square claims another victim.

Downtown Truck Accident - July 25 2016 / Josh OBryant - Walker County Messenger

Monday morning a chicken truck damaged the Stronghold Gaming building and took down a sign on Main and Villanow because (per police) a car pulled too far forward at the stop sign.

The city has formally banned trucks from driving through the square, but that ban does no good when a truck has to deliver to a business in town, or (as apparently happened here) the driver isn’t a local and follows a map or GPS directions, which don’t include city truck restrictions.

Semi Truck Right Turn Diagram

Another problem is other drivers, many who’ve never operated anything bigger than a Honda Civic, who don’t understand how much space a large truck or bus need to take a right hand turn. Per the law, vehicles like that one have to cut into the opposing lane of the road being turned onto. When another stopped vehicle pulls too far forward, that isn’t possible – which is why the lines are back so far.

In LaFayette specifically, the most recent rehab of downtown sidewalks and signage made turning even more difficult for large vehicles – a situation that prompted the city’s ignored truck restrictions in the first place. (The GDOT employee who designed LaFayette’s truck-unfriendly sidewalk/signage/road redo for the square last time must own stock in a company that sells road signs and crosswalk equipment.)   Tiny Facebook

Carousel Inn in Trion is so filthy, dilapidated, and the source of so many 911 calls/DFCS incidents that a Trion city judge has threatened to have the place shut down.

Carousel Inn Trion

Owner Mahendra Patel recently avoided a shutdown by having smoke detectors installed minutes before officers arrived, but still faces thousands of dollars in fines for 122 different citations related to the condition of his nasty, nasty motel.

Noted problems include unwashed/damaged bedding covered in hair, filthy vents, incorrect electrical repairs, lack of smoke detectors or fire extinguishers, poorly installed doors or locks, mold, roaches, and an average of ten 911 calls per month for the last two years.

All that and it’s still got a two-star rating on TripAdvisor – and is ranked #1 on that site for lodging in Trion.   Tiny Facebook

LaFayette Lion update: LHS teacher Cody Lee claims he spotted TWO cougars crossing the bypass near Warthen Street Tuesday night around 6 PM.

After sharing a report about Lee’s story on LU Facebook, a number of others chimed in – saying they spotted a pair of deer crossing the same road around the same time.

No valid photos of the animals have yet to surface.   Tiny Facebook

Libraries are useless relics in the modern age, or so they say.

Somebody forgot to tell the LaFayette branch or its customers.

LaFayette Library - July 26 2016

Despite having continual funding problems because the county, state, and school system don’t make libraries a priority, this branch has thrived and serves thousands.

It’s not homeless people looking for a place to get out of the heat. The majority, vast majority, of users are children, middle class people, older folks.. It’s books, internet, media, history, youth activities, genealogy, social activities for older folks, meeting rooms… What would we do without this?   Tiny Facebook

Lookout Mountain fire, from a resident perspective.   Tiny Facebook

♬ You picked a fine time to leave me, loose-wheel. ♬

Wallaceville Go-Cart Wreck - July 22 2016 / Josh OBryant - Walker County Messenger

A 40-year-old Chickamauga man sustained injuries Monday morning when the go-cart he was riding off Wallaceville School Rd. threw a tire.   Tiny Facebook

Vikul Vinobhai Patel, a Chattanooga doctor charged with attempted child molestation in Walker County, will not be going to prison. He will, instead, go back to India.

Vikul Patel

Patel was busted in a 2012 online sting involving the FBI and Rossville police. Several of the officers involved were later found to be giving inappropriate roles in their police work to people outside law enforcement. The FBI eventually shut down its Dalton crime unit, which is still being investigated.

There is a lot that went wrong with the “Crimes Against Children Taskforce.” They prosecuted some people who probably shouldn’t have been, and because of their sloppiness some who should have/would have been prosecuted were not – which is what seems to have happened here.

Dozens of others involved in the stings have been sent to prison for discussing molestation or rape with local cops online, and they didn’t do anything more than Patel did. He’s just lucky enough to work out a deportation deal with the District Attorney’s office instead of taking a plea involving jail.   Tiny Facebook

Annual sales tax holidays on certain back-to-school items is being held this weekend in Georgia and Tennessee.

The TN tax holiday runs Friday-Sunday, in Georgia it runs Saturday and Sunday.   Tiny Facebook

LHS FFA Livestock Barn

New FFA livestock barn at LHS is nearing completion.

Students have been assisting with the barn’s finishing touches as the new school year approaches.   Tiny Facebook

Shalandia Marie ReedLast Thursday a patient slipped away from Cornerstone Medical. She was apprehended by Fort O. cops near Sears Shoe Store, and tried to resist going back into care.

27-year-old Shalandia Marie Reed is charged with simple battery and obstruction of officers.

Reed was originally brought to the hospital by Walker County deputies for undisclosed reasons – most likely something mental.

Now she’s out of the hospital and in jail.   Tiny Facebook

Last February, Ronnie Music, Jr. of Waycross won a $3 million Georgia Lottery jackpot.

Lotto Winner Ronnie Music

He allegedly used his winnings to start a business – distributing meth.

Now he’s in jail.

Love what you do and you won’t work a day in your life…   Tiny Facebook

Walker Co Animal Shelter

Alison Smith, manager of the Walker Animal Shelter, says her long-term goals for the facility are to make it a no-kill shelter – and ideally relocate it to a location more accessible than the garbage dump.

Right now they have 50 dogs and 30 cats ready for adoption – a number that seems not to fluctuate much, since more animals come in than ever find homes.

A strong “Friends of the Shelter” group would be helpful to meet the shelter’s financial goals, but that organization seems to have gone inactive since Virgil Sperry passed away.

Also helpful to the shelter? A commissioner and county government that would consider humane care of abandoned animals more than a distraction.   Tiny Facebook

Due to the ongoing drought, LaFayette city government asks citizens on city water to conserve the precious H20.

Grass watering is, and has been, illegal between 10A and 4P.   Tiny Facebook

Georgia State Parks introduces a program for dog owners: Tails on Trails Club.

$15 gets a membership card allowing leashed dogs on select trails inside seven state parks. The closest to our area is Fort Mountain Park past Chatsworth.   Tiny Facebook

For today’s links and any breaking news, follow the Underground on Facebook or Twitter.

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4th Indiana Light Battery
in the American Civil War

Online Books:
4th Indiana Light Battery Officer Roster - Report of the Adjutant General of the State of Indiana, Volume 3, by W.H.H. Terrell, Adjutant General, Indiana, 1866 View Entire Book
4th Indiana Light Battery Soldier Roster - Pages 705-709, Report of the Adjutant General of the State of Indiana, Volume 7, by W.H.H. Terrell, Adjutant General, Indiana, 1867 View Entire Book

Regimental History
Fourth Indiana Light Battery. — Capts., Asahel K. Bush, David Flansburg, Benjamin F. Johnson. This battery was raised in Laporte, Porter and Lake counties and was mustered in at Indianapolis, Sept. 30, 1861. It was immediately ordered to Louisville, Ky., where it joined Gen. Buell's army. During the winter it remained in camp in the vicinity of New Haven, Munfordville and Bowling Green and in the spring of 1862 moved with Buell to Nashville. It next marched to Savannah, Tenn., but was unable to cross the river in time to take part in the battle of Shiloh. It participated in the campaign through northern Alabama and middle Tennessee following the siege of Corinth, reaching Nashville late in August. Proceeding to Louisville at the time of Bragg's invasion, it accompanied Rousseau's division and took part in the campaign that drove Bragg's forces from the state, being in the battle of Perryville, where it was one of two batteries to occupy a high ridge on Rousseau's left, its work aiding materially in saving the left of McCook's corps and securing to the army the Mackville road, upon which stood the entire ammunition train and ambulances. Upon its return to Nashville it was assigned to the 3d division of McCook's corps, Gen. Sheridan being the division commander. At the battle of Stone's river it performed heroic service, driving an opposing battery to cover the first day, then moved across an open field and shelled a battery in the woods for two hours, silencing it, the enemy losing half his horses, a gun disabled, 1 lieutenant and 12 men killed and several wounded, besides a number of the supporting infantry. The 4th lost 4 killed and 3 wounded. The following day it was in a hot engagement, losing a caisson through having every horse drawing it shot down while falling back to take a new position. Later it lost 2 guns, the infantry driving past with such rapidity as to force them to one side, 1 gun being fastened in the trees and nearly all the horses killed by a battery posted but 40 yards away. Having exhausted its ammunition it moved to the rear, obtained a supply and reported again for duty with 3 pieces. It was in position the following day, losing in the 3 days' battle 6 killed, and 17 wounded, 2 paroled by the enemy and 1 missing. It was encamped near Murfreesboro until June, 1863, then moved on the Tullahoma campaign and was engaged at Hoover's gap. It was next engaged at Dug gap and at the battle of Chickamauga, where it rendered effective service. It took part in the battles of Lookout mountain and Missionary ridge, and was then stationed at Chattanooga until Sept. 21, 1864, at which time the reenlisted veterans and recruits were transferred to the 7th battery, with which they remained until its muster-out. The non-veterans were mustered out at Indianapolis on Oct. 6, 1864, with Benjamin F. Johnson as captain. It joined the army of the Cumberland at Nashville, and after the battle at that place was assigned as garrison of Fort Rosecrans, Murfreesboro, remaining there until mustered out Aug. 1, 1865.

Regimental history taken from "The Union Army" by Federal Publishing Company, 1908 - Volume 3

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I need a little help.

Posted by Cain on Aug 4, 2004

I'm an 18 year-old, soon to be college student, that just recently took on the task of building a Ch17 the summer before I leave. This is the first time I have ever built a kayak, even though I've been paddling for quite a few years. So far I havn't run into any major problems, but now I'm attempting to put on the deck, and I was wondering if it's ok that the deck flattens out right close to the bow. If it is right, how close should it begin to flatten? I've been following the forum posts and can tell that a bunch of you guys really know what you're doing. Maybe you can help out this beginner. Thanks.


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Daisy Revisited: 1 Year AND 2 Stories

No big cleaning business lesson in this week’s video Daisy Revisited: 1 Year AND 2 Stories other than ‘Boy, do things change!’ Yep, meet Dan’s dog AGAIN! That’s right, ‘old’ Daisy is now 1 and has really grown. You’ll see…

Dan’s wife made him promise to ‘shoot another video’ to show everyone how BIG Daisy has gotten in just a year!! So, here she is again, starring in another video!! Plus you’ll hear 2 stories about her antics that you might find VERY amusing! So, sit back, relax and spend a few minutes with man’s (and Dan’s?) best friend!

Please leave your comments below. Thanks, Dan

Thanks for watching our video – Daisy Revisited: 1 Year AND 2 Stories, but don’t stop there – Be sure to check out our video: Do YOU Measure Success in Your Cleaning Business in INCHES or MILES?where you’ll hear what successful business people and motivational coaches have to say about the all important question of – ‘What does it REALLY take to succeed in all parts of our lives including business!’

You’ll watch a few, short minutes of video loaded with practical ideas, tips and strategies about what it really takes to flip a cleaning business from painful to profitable. Want to Flip Yours?

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Creating infographics for presentations

  • Shoreditch House 1 Ebor Street London, E1 6AW (map)

Whether you’re producing pitches for investors, reports for clients or internal company presentations – knowing how to present numbers and data with visual punch can give you an edge. But if you’re not a designer, the process can seem daunting. Alan Rutter will show you how to create charts, infographics and data visualisations quickly and simply using free tools (no design knowledge needed!).

Clever Boxer has a small guestlist for each of our events at Shoreditch House. For a free ticket, please email


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Save the date! Reading Pride 2018

The date of the 2018 Reading Pride has been announced!  If you want to come to the best (in my opinion) free Pride then pop: Saturday 1 ...

22 Jul 2012

Gardening disaster

Well my optimism from the start of the year has been used up.  I'm just thankful we aren't relying on my garden goodies!

The weather has made it a tough year so far.  It's been very wet and cool and it took ages for any of my veggies to really get going.  The one warm week we had a few weeks ago saw things spring to life but  since then they have just been attacked.  I have had several beans have their stalks eaten through and one courgette plant has almost gone entirely.  The only thing really thriving are the slugs and snails.

The raspberries have battled on and the boys have been enjoying them.  The occasional strawberry has avoided going mouldy and today we enjoyed a few raw peas (although the smallest decided they weren't for him and spat them out).  The blueberries are doing ok but I am pinning all my hope on the potatoes and tomatoes, both in bags on the patio.

The most exciting things to happen are that I grew chillies from seed and my squash is still alive.  I am hoping the warm weather we are promised helps these to thrive.

I can only imagine how hard this year is being to farmers and market gardeners.

16 Jul 2012

How are you filling the school holidays?

I recently read on the BBC that many parents feel priced out of day trips with their children.  I have to admit the price of day trips can be very daunting and, with six weeks to fill in the summer, the costs can get out of hand.  I took my eldest to see Ice Age 4 last week and that was just over £15 for just two of us!

It's worth looking for free activities and using loyalty points to help towards cost.  We have had a couple of free days out thanks to Tesco Clubcard.  Reading Borough Council has an excellent range of activites for little or no cost.  Reading Museum is free and runs activities throughout the year, as does the Museum of English Rural Life and the libraries are great for things to do including the Summer Reading Challenge.  Silchester, or Calleva Atrebatum if you are a Roman, has open days in the summer while they are digging the ancient town and the ampitheatre is always impressive.  The dig blog is in my blog list on the left and is always a good read.

Reading Borough Council has announced the activities that are running this summer:

Schools Out and 'Summer in Da Boro' Starts.

Reading Borough Council Press Release

11 Jul 2012

The sun shone on the Olympic Torch today!

Just got back from watching the Olympic Torch pass down Bath Road.  The children and I had a lovely time.  The atmosphere was great and people were cheering everything, even a builders lorry!  I counted at least three schools, one being Oxford Road Community School.

To make a change the, the sun was shining!  A lovely way to see the torch on it's way....

3 Jul 2012

Question to Council: School Places in Battle Ward

This evening, at full Council, I asked the following question to the Lead Councillor for Education & Children’s Services John Ennis:

'In recent weeks parents of children starting in Reception in September 2012 have been receiving their offer for school places.  As offers went out if became clear both at the school gate, and through parents contacting me, that a significant number of children in the Battle Ward, and surrounding area, were without a school place.  The pressure on school places this year was known, and ‘bulge’ classes arranged but there were not enough extra places identified in West Reading.  This has caused upset and uncertainty at what is already a stressful time for parents.

I ask the Lead Councillor for Education & Children’s Services to confirm:
  •  If all children due to start school in September 2012 now have a place?
  • Why so many children, especially in the Battle ward area, were not offered a school during the first wave of allocations?
  • What lessons have been learnt from this round of admissions?
  • What is being done to prevent this happening next year?
  • What are we doing to help parents travel to the schools they have been allocated out of their catchment particularly those with children already in a different school?'
I felt it important to ask these questions publicly.  I am a representative of the residents of Battle ward, and a parent, and understand how stressful the school admissions process can be.  I have been in contact with Cllr Ennis and the Leader of the Council Jo Lovelock since it became clear there was a problem in Battle and have been meeting with officers since April to discuss them, most recently to put in place help with travel.

I have also been supportive of Battle Primary School's parents and staff and made sure I attended the recent meetings regarding their Ofsted report that put them into Special Measures.  Battle Cllrs Chris Maskell and Gul Khan also attended to offer their support and listen to the concerns of parents about the forced academisation of their community school.

I am also governor of Oxford Road Community School and have also been supportive of the proposed expansion of the school and relocation of the nursery unit allowing for an in take of 30 extra children into reception in September.  I was at the exhibition on Monday, again to listen to parents.

It is important to me that, not only am I active in word, but also in action.

The answer to my question can be seen here:

1 Jul 2012

What a great weekend

Yesterdays Oxford Road Fun Day was an excellent event and so busy.  It has been estimated that 1500 people visited throughout the fours hours it was on.  There were loads of community groups which was great to see.  Battle Councillors were visited by lots of people, mainly for a chat but a couple of bits of casework were picked up.  We were also glad to be visited by some of our Labour Party members in Battle.

Today my family and I went to the Reading Buses Open Day.  We caught a vintage bus from town, my husband won a coconut from the shy, the eldest got his face painted and the youngest got a lolly.  I got to meet two Stormtroopers and an Imperial Officer and, for a lifelong Star Wars fan, it was exciting and a teeny bit weird/scary at the same time.


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Reba McEntire Set for Home State Festival

Reba McEntire returns to her home state next summer as a headliner at Country Fever 2007 near Pryor, Okla. The fifth annual festival, set for June 7-10, has been designated as an official Oklahoma Centennial event. McEntire, who performs June 9, is one of more than 25 country artists appearing at the outdoor event.


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Pete & Brenda’s fond farewell

At least one half of Y94FM’s former morning show team has lined up another Syracuse radio gig.

Brenda Bissett will take over the midday shift at Sunny 102 (WZUN) next week. This week, the station is giving Bissett along with her husband, Pete Michaels, a chance to say goodbye to Central New York as an on-air team.

The final Pete & Brenda shows air on Sunny 102 this Thursday and Friday from 10 a.m. – 2 p.m.

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Ground Breaking Ceremony For New Medical Center

Councilmembers from the Cocopah and Quechan Indian Tribes on Wednesday morning (Jan. 27) hosted a ground breaking ceremony to kick off construction of a new $33.7 million medical center. The long awaited project will provide healthcare services to thousands of Native Americans in the area and will employ about 200 people. The new medical facility will be located on the Quechan Reservation. Construction is expected to start in February. The new facility will encompass more than 76,000 square feet and is expected to take up to 18 months to complete.


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Today's Features

  • William Witt never saw the front lines.

    But because of that, the 92-year-old World War II veteran says, he’s still here to recount the stories of his time spent in the South Pacific.

    Witt, a Wisconsin native, now lives at Brookdale Senior Living in Littleton. He worked in chemical warfare and considers himself to be lucky man.

    “I was just assigned to it. Luckily … If I’d have been out in the fire, shooting them off at the pillboxes, I might not be here,” he said.

  • After co-teaching art at Montessori Peaks Academy for six years, Andrea Rollins and Michele Hardesty decided it was time to expand their reach and act on an idea that had been brewing for years.

    The pair recently opened artSPARK Creative Studio, a downtown Littleton studio where they teach classes and host camps and parties.

  • Ladybugs, zombies, superheroes and Paul Blart the mall cop packed Dakota Ridge High School on Oct. 27 for the school’s annual Trick or Treat Street.

    The event, which has been held for approximately nine years, aims to provide a fun Halloween event for the community while also showing off the high school where many of the youngsters one day will attend.

  • The glow of the October sun sinks behind the mountains lining the Chatfield Senior High School football field. A whistle blows; the game is over; the crowd cheers loudly — Chatfield wins.

    Sophomore running back Alex Malone, No. 18, who moved in June to South Jeffco from Texas, jogs off the field to join his team in celebration.

  • A black storage box sits under Shay Langley’s bed in her South Jeffco home, but it doesn’t contain extra clothes or shoes.

    Instead, it’s where she keeps a charred flap of skin, a mutated eyeball, a gaping, bloody mouth.

    Yet what might scare many inspires the 14-year-old special-effects makeup artist. In fact, she lives for the horrified gasps that the art inside her “creepy little monster case” creates.

  • As the Foothills CROP Hunger Walk began Sunday, several participants at the front of the procession grabbed gallons of water to carry on their journey around Johnston Reservoir at Clement Park.

    Though the day was warm, the water was not meant to quench their thirst. Instead, it was a sign of solidarity and a symbol of the struggle that many face when trying to meet their basic survival needs.

  • Alice Rudy and Juanita Barton both play the piano and love to dance. Both value time with their families and feel strongly about their faiths.

    But their similarities do not stop here. In fact, they merely begin. After Rudy celebrates a birthday Oct. 20, the next-door neighbors at Brookdale Assisted Living in Littleton will both be 104 years old.

    Still dancing

  • A Lookout Mountain family last week organized a community drive to collect snacks, sports drinks and other goodies for the Jeffco County Sheriff’s Office.

    Britt Gaskell and her three children decided that, in the wake of recent violence toward police officers across the country, they wanted to show their appreciation and “recognize all of you (officers) for your dedication and compassion to our community.”

  • By Kevin M. Smith, For the Courier

    MORRISON — Maybe it’s cliche to say there’s nothing else like it, but it’s true.

    “We’re very fortunate to have Red Rocks inside of our own backyard,” said artist Keith “Scramble” Campbell. “The reason there is so much activity there is because it really, truly is the best place to see live music. It really changes your perspective on other venues, too.”

  • In Diane Lundy’s house, few mornings are greeted with more anticipation than Saturdays.

    For seven weeks during the fall and spring, Lundy travels with her three children to South Jeffco from Denver to spend an hour at the Foothills Park & Recreation District’s Schaefer Athletic Complex. It’s one of those rare occasions when she can kick back and watch her 9-year-old son, Caden Hoff, really be a kid.


text: Now THIS might be the best thing you've heard all week. When Teki Latex, one of the heads behind Sound Pellegrino, describes a tune as "the sound of sex with a robot alligator covered with synthetic leather skin," take his word for it... because this is on the money. L-Vis 1990 and Sinjin Hawke linking up again is already newsworthy, but for them to throw you deep into the pit, making you fend off all kinds of creepy crawly bass and percussion hits. It's a wondrous piece of winning winnery, and will be featured on SND.PE Vol. 2, which drops on January 27 and features collaborations from Surkin & Todd Edwards (!), Dexter & Gant-Man, Feadz & Orgasmic, and more. Serious sounds.


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Minsk Family of Computers

Home → Articles → Minsk Family of Computers

During 10 years, from 1959 till 1969, several types of general-purpose computers had been developed in Byelorussia. These machines had become a basis for the Soviet fleet of computers, and their large-scale production was organized.

The Minsk computers appeared when the BESM computers, seven Strela computers and the first M-20 machines had been operating for several years in Moscow, small universal Ural-1 machines were being assembled in Penza, the development of the semiconductor Razdan computer was close to its completion in Yerevan and the first prototype of the Dnieper semiconductor computer was being adjusted at the Kiev institute of cybernetics of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences.

Nevertheless, the Minsk machines actually faced no competition with other small general-purpose computers and easily became the basic model for this computer type.

In 1956, upon completing the stage of development of the first computers (Strela, BESM, M-3, Ural-1), the resolution of the USSR Council of Ministers aimed at enforcing the expansion of computer production in the country, was issued. The resolution envisaged the construction of several works for producing computers and computer units and components (one of them was built in Minsk and named after G.K. Ordzhonikidze). In 1958, the Special Design Office [hereinafter SKB, the Russian abbr.] was established at the Ordzhonikidze plant to support production and upgrade of produced computers.

The republican and urban authorities hired tens of specialists experienced in computer development for the plant. Among them were G. P. Lopato from Moscow, V. Ya. Simkhes, A. I. Bakhir, G. K. Stolyarov, A. P. Zhigalov from Zagorsk, E. I. Sakaev, S. N. Remorov, V. V. Przhiyalkovsky, V.E. Klochkov, N. A. Maltsev, R. M. Astsaturov from Noginsk, V. A. Averyanov from Penza, I. K. Rostovtsev, G. D. Smirnov, Yu. G. Bostandzhyan from Yerevan. In cooperation with the most qualified Minsk specialists, they headed the computer development and manufacture at the SKB and Plant.

The Ordzhonikidze plant combined the development and manufacture divisions. This organizational and financial structure was unique for the USSR, at least in the computer industry, and led to substantial shortening of terms of development and production of new models.

Today, when the Russian industry is market-oriented, the necessity of such an integration seems to be obvious, but at the end of 1950s, within the frame of Soviet economic system it was a hard task. The policy of plant CEOs (Executive Director Goldberg, V.K. and Chief Engineer Kirilyuk, N.I.) taking into account future demands of development processes, played the essential role in resolving the conflicts between today's and tomorrow's needs (routine production versus designing new models). At the Ordzhonikidze plant, the period from the completion of the development stage till the start of the full-scale production of computers (Minsk-1, Minsk-22, Minsk-23, Minsk-32, ES-1020, ES-1022) sometimes was one to three months. Each new model was designed in less than two years, and the sums of expenses on the development were outstandingly low.

Later on, for some reasons the SKB received full financial independence and became a separate research institute (NIIEVM) in 1972. Unfortunately, this significantly impaired the cooperation efficiency.

In the spring of 1959, G.P. Lopato (one of the development engineers of the M-3 computer which had been created in 1956 in the Laboratory of Electrosimulation at the USSR Academy of Sciences in cooperation with Research Institute of Electromechanics) was invited to hold the post of chief engineer at the SKB of the Ordzhonikidze plant.

The Plant capacities were ready to manufacture computers while the SKB only began employing its staff and scheduling its developments. In these conditions, the Plant CEOs made the only sensible decision: to start production with the M-3 computer.

In September 1959, the Plant turned out the first computer. It was the M-3 version with the main memory on a magnetic drum and performance of only 30 instructions per second. However it helped to master and debug all technological processes and to train the team of development engineers and adjusters. In 1960, the main memory on ferrite cores for M-3 was finally developed. It had a capacity of 1024 31-bit words (G. P. Lopato, V. Ya. Simkhes, E. I. Sakaev, A. I. Bakhir).

By the end of 1960, 26 M-3 computers (including 10 machines with ferrite memory that allowed increasing their performance up to 1000 instructions per second) had been released. These M-3 computers were programmed in machine codes in octal notation.

This model was valuable for the Ordzhonikidze plant as a start machine, but its influence upon the further computer science was virtually void.

In August 1960, the first proprietary computer was completed at the Plant. It was the Minsk-1 model (800 valves, 2500 instructions per second, a ferrite memory for 1KWord, 31-bit word length, a 2-addresses-for-operands instruction set, with point fixed before the highest bit, a peripheral memory on a magnetic tape for 64KWord, a punched tape input at 80 words per second, and a digital printing output at 20 words per second). The chief designer of this computer development was G. P. Lopato, the development engineers team being consisted of E.I. Sakaev, V. Ya. Simkhes, A. I. Bakhir, V. L. Salov, S. N. Remorov, G. K. Stolyarov, V. I. Tsagelsky, G. M. Gendelev.

Minsk-1 was not compatible with its precursor, M-3. It inherited virtually only two architectural characteristics: the word length and 2-addresses-for-operands instructions.

The 2-addresses-for-operands instruction with word length from 30- up to 36/38-bit (in the situations when it was impossible to realize a 3-addresses-for-operands instruction) is the most rational realization: it is more efficient than two single-address-for-operands instructions in a word for it allows increasing the bit length of addresses. This explains a common use of 2-addresses-for-operands instruction set in small general-purpose computers (Minsk-1, Minsk-2, Razdan-1, Razdan-2.) As to 31-bit word length, it is more or less appropriate only for small machines with fixed point and at not more than 12 address lines.

Minsk-1 had been produced up to 1964 and it had several fully inter-compatible versions:

Minsk-11 was designed for seismic data processing and for remote users. Its chief designer was V.M. Manzhaley. Eleven computers of this model were manufactured.

Minsk-12 had an extended main memory for 2048 KWord and tape drives for 100KWord. Its chief designer was V. Ya Simkhes. Five machines of this model were turned out.

Minsk-14 and Minsk-16 were designed for telemetric data processing and equipped with appropriate reading devices. Their chief designers were L. I. Kabernik and V. M. Manzhaley respectively. 36 Minsk-14 machines and 1 Minsk-16 machine were brought out.

In addition, on the basis of Minsk-1, the system for storage and recognition of fingerprints for the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs was manufactured. The chief designer of this system was A. M. Tolmachev.

The total number of Minsk-1 computers produced from 1960 till 1964 was 220. This machine was the most popular one in the USSR for the reported period.

Minsk-1 was programmed in machine codes, however it was furnished with a library of standard routines, which contained about 100 programs of 7500 instructions in total. During this period, much work was underway toward the development of the first auto-programming systems such as the ECONOMIST Autocoder and ENGINEER Autocoder compilers. G.K. Stolyarov headed this work in the programming laboratory of the SKB. The laboratory grew a pleiad of well-known programmers: M. S. Margolin, M. E. Nemenman, E. V. Kovalevich, V. I. Tsagelsky, N. T. Kushnerev, and others.

Minsk-2 computer

Minsk-2 computer

Minsk-2, the computer of the second generation, was the next development of the Ordzhonikidze plant SKB. Its chief designer was V. V. Przhiyalkovsky, the development engineers being V. E. Klochkov, G.D. Smirnov, N. A. Maltsev, A. I. Bakhir, Yu. G. Bostandzhyan, V. K. Nadenenko, G. K. Stolyarov, M. B. Temkin.

The machine was being developed from 1960 till 1962 simultaneously with production of Minsk-1. The circumstances of that time did not require the program compatibility between Minsk-2 and Minsk-1. Moreover, it was a hard task to realize such a compatibility, at least because there was no future for 31-bit word length. The 37-bit machine word was adopted for the new computer. This 37-bit word contained a sign and 12 octal or nine decimal digits. Minsk-2 had a floating-point notation (introduced into computers for the first time) and therefore seven bits of the machine word were used for the exponent (including the exponent sign). The remaining bits stood for mantissa and its sign. This coding allowed recording the numbers in the range of from 10-19 up to 1019; this was quite enough for a small general-purpose computer.

For the first time in the history of domestic computing engineering, the development engineers of Minsk-2 provided the processing of the explicit alphanumeric data. For this purpose, the machine word contained six alphanumeric characters coded in MTK-2 telegraphic code, where the sign bit told whether the data was a document or a message.

A Minsk-2 instruction contained an opcode (7 bits), the number of a main memory block (2 bits), the address of an index memory cell (4 bits) and two 12-bit pointers. This structure allowed operating 127 instructions, 15 index registers and addressing up to 8196 words in the main memory.

The instruction set of the computer had 2 addresses for operands, which was most effective for 37-bit word length. The instruction set contained (apart from the custom arithmetic operations and input-output instructions) the instructions for special arithmetic, which enabled double precision operations, the innovative loop instruction and a diversity of instructions essentially accelerating the data processing.

The total number of the machine instructions was 100, among them 40 instructions were arithmetic operations. Out of 27 void instructions some were activated later in Minsk-22, others were used as extracodes, and the rest ones were left for developing specialized program systems.

A special circuitry of semiconductor devices was developed for Minsk-2. It was based on inexpensive and easily available transistors of P-16A. The impulse-potential system of components used the diode-transformer circuits on ferrite cores. The clock speed of the circuitry made up 250 kHz. The components were mounted in replaceable double-side wired slots with wired plug. Five types of slots out of the total of 23 types of slots constituted 70% of all equipment. A total of 7500 transistors and 18,000 diodes were placed in 1286 slots of the computer. This circuitry of elements was used in Minsk-2/22 and Minsk-23 during six years due to its simplicity, cheapness and reliability.

A special ferrite storage device controlled by semiconductors was developed for Minsk-2. It was one of the first semiconductor RAMs of that size – 4096 words – in the USSR, created by A. I. Bakhir and Yu. G. Bostandzhyan. This RAM on ferrite cores was 1.4 mm in outer diameter, its cycle was 20 µs and wait state 7.5 µs; it contained 740 transistors and 1550 diodes. The RAM consumed as low as 800 W. In 1962, it was a pioneer and very successful development. The RAM’s circuitry performance determined the computer speed which made up 5000–6000 2-addresses-for-operands instructions per second.

The new type of a tape drive (recorded 12 bits per mm) and a punched tape reader (800 lines per second) were also produced for Minsk-2. The alphanumeric data were printed on the rolled RTA-50 telegraph device.

Minsk-2 was the first Minsk computer which used hardware-software interruptions (by suspending running programs) for work with output devices and extracodes. Extracodes, or macrocodes, were also innovated for the Minsk computers. Extracodes and interruption of programs were designed for future and were more efficiently used in the extended configuration of Minsk-2 which was named Minsk-22.

The fully configured computer occupied 40 sq. m. and consumed not more than 4 kVA from a three-phase 380/220-V power circuit.

The development of Minsk-2 was completed in September 1962 and in 1963, its manufacture began at the Ordzhonikidze Plant SKB. By the end of 1964, 118 computers had been turned out, whose price was only 100,000 rubles.

The development of three versions of Minsk-2 had been completed by the end of 1964. These three machines differed by accessories and input/output devices. Minsk-26 (N. A. Maltsev) and Minsk-27 (V. E. Klochkov) were aimed at processing the telemetric data coming from meteorological rockets and the Meteor satellites. Minsk-22 (V. K. Nadenenko) with input/output devices of punched cards and alphanumeric printer continued the line of general-purpose computers.

Minsk-2/22 was supplied with an extensive library of standard routines (260 programs, 38,000 instructions), the ENGINEER Autocoder (8,000 instructions), a character coding system, Fortran and ALGOL compilers, and an ALGEK compiler (a combined COBOL and ALGOL-60 language). Later on, it was also delivered with COBOL compiler and data processing system (55,000 instructions). It was the most abundant package of programs supplied by the producer of general-purpose computers in the USSR.

The total number of the Minsk-22 computers produced had reached 734 (852 with the Minsk-2/22 models), therefore the leading positions of Minsk machines in the USSR fleet of computers were substantially strengthened.

The creation of Minsk-2/22 clearly demonstrated how the field of applications of the machine under development was changing and expanding in the process of design work. If Minsk-2 was initially designed for scientific and engineering computations, Minsk-22, in addition, could be effectively applied in economic tasks due to its accessories and software. Development engineers of Minsk-22 intended to increase its sale – and production consequently – by exploring new fields of application. The experiments aimed at using computers in industrial calculations had already begun in 1959 with the M-3 machine. Later on, the automation of designing the computers with use of computer started. The works of Academician V. M. Glushkov and promoting of automated control systems by him gradually increased an interest to computerized processing of business and industrial data in this country. At that time, the western countries produced large volumes of simple and rather inexpensive machines for business computations (IBM-1401, IBM-1440, Gamma-30, etc.). The latter computers had decimal-binary notation, variable word length and advanced utilities for logical processing of alphanumeric data – functions essentially increasing the efficiency of business data processing. Unfortunately, they all were absent in our machines.

In 1966, the Plant SKB completed the development of Minsk-23, designed for data processing in economic projecting, statistical, industrial and management tasks and for data search purposes. Its chief designer was V. V. Przhiyalkovsky and deputy designer was G. D. Smirnov.

The performance of Minsk-23 was about 7000 instructions per second. The main memory capacity was 40,000 8-bit characters (bytes). The RAM cycle and clock speed were 13 µs. 127 cells with 19 bits each was its address storage device designed for storing instruction and operand addresses, program and information base addresses and current addresses of exchange with i/o devices. The machine had decimal (decimal-binary) notation with point fixed after the lower bit; numbers and instructions were coded with a variable-length sequence of characters. The instruction set had a variable number of addresses for operands. The instruction addresses were normalized and indexed. There were simple instructions which comprised powerful data processing routines.

The circuitry and instruction set of Minsk-23 completely differed from those of computers existed before. It was the first domestic computer with alphanumeric logic as well as variable word and instruction length. The computer had an advanced system of interruptions and suspensions, universal connections to peripherals (actually with the byte-multiplex channel), the protected area of memory with utility programs, special instructions for editing and processing the alphanumeric fields of a variable length; the machine also allowed using a great number of index fields for each program array.

A multitasking mode was also realized in Minsk-23. The computer could simultaneously execute three applications and five utility programs and, at the same time, it could also link with 64 peripherals in eight directions.

The machine was fitted with a punched card reader (600 cards per second), a punched tape reader (1000 strings per second), an alphanumeric printer (400 strings per min), a card puncher (100 cards per min) and a tape puncher (80 characters per second).

For the first time in the domestic computer history, Minsk-23 was equipped with magnetic type drive – a rolled-type storage device which stored 32 bits per mm and was compatible with similar western drives. The concept of the drive was developed at the Design office of industrial automation by the team under V.G. Makurochkin, and its commercial model was finally developed at the Ordzhonikidze plant SKB (MPB since 1966). The MPB developed the Blank device which read 150 forms with pencil marks (chief designer V. K. Nadenenko) and Minsk-1500 telephone data transfer equipment (V. E. Klochkov and E. I. Muxin) for specialized systems using Minsk-23.

The alphanumeric programming language was offered for Minsk-23. A All system software was coded in this language. The library of standard system routines contained – in addition to routines for elementary functions – programs for calling I/O devices with code conversion and editing, a sorting utility, a service utility for a magnetic tape drive and other utilities.

The compiler was also supplied with an autocoder compiler, a machine-oriented language with many macros servicing the input/output and library of standard programs. The compiler contained a loader which prepared the loading modules.

Minsk-23 became a basis for systems of automated control at the Novocherkassk electrolocomotive works, at the Moscow association Mosmoloko and in the Aeroflot air ticket sale and booking system. But unfortunately, the computer had not met with the expected commercial success. Only 28 computers were manufactured, which was inconsistent with the capacities of the Ordzhonikidze plant. This failure, probably, derived from the fact that the underlying ideas of the computer were not transparent to users, there was no compatibility with the previous model, its performance was insufficient for scientific and engineering tasks, and the demand for business data processing was not developed at the enterprises and organizations.

Minsk-32 closes the Minsk computer series. The machine was developed under the direction of chief designer V. V. Przhiyalkovsky in 1968, and its production started in the same year.

The main objective of further development was to produce a modern computer for common use which would combine the best features of Minsk-23 and Minsk-22M and be fully compatible with the last one in its media and applications. The necessity for compatibility with the widely used Minsk-22M model was a serious constraint to advancing the logical structure of Minsk-32. However, the experience of using the previous model had shown how the backward compatibility was important for the end user.

To support such a compatibility, Minsk-32 inherited 37-bit word length from Minsk-22M, fixed and floating-point notation as well as the formats of all arithmetic, logical and flow control instructions. These instructions were executed there in the same way as in Minsk-22M. The I/O and crash recovery instructions, interruptions and response on operator’s actions were emulated. Thus, Minsk-32 had hardware and software emulation when it ran programs written for Minsk-22M. The researches proved that it was the efficient way to support compatibility when the performance of the emulating computer is only five times greater than the performance of the emulated computer and when it is impossible to simulate the instruction set with software only. The inherited 37-bit world length became the main impediment to advancing the logical structure and features of the new model.

Nevertheless a number of innovations which improved the computer performance and expanded its functionality, were engineered into the logical structure of Minsk-32.

First, the seven-bit character was used as an internal storage unit in addition to a 37-bit word. The seven-bit characters coded 128 chars, including Latin and Russian letters. The word contained five characters; each of them was addressed separately. There were also introduced the instructions which operated on byte sequences of arbitrary length (similar to the Minsk-23 realization). There were operations of decimal calculation and also comparing and instructions for editing.

Second, multitasking was realized in the computer, which allowed running up to four applications simultaneously.

A new efficient ferrite RAM which held up to 65,536 38-bit words and had the regeneration cycle of 5 µs was created for the model (A. I. Bakhir, Yu.G. Bostandzhyan). A new complex of diode-transformer components with clock speed of 600 kHz was developed for the computer logic. As a result, the average performance of the computer made up 30,000–35,000 instructions per second, which was 5–6 times greater than in Minsk-22M.

Introducing selector and byte-multiplexer channels and the system of universal link with peripherals into the computer structure, which enabled connecting up to 136 various peripherals uniformly, was a great advance of Minsk-32.

The machine had instruments for protecting the memory area of each running application, an address storage device, an effective interruption system (a suspension system as in Minsk-23), and an electronic timer.

There was also a special switch which could join up to eight computers together in order to handle a common task.

The computer had a program called Dispatcher which was rather an advanced tape operating system. The machine was supplied with COBOL, FORTRAN and ALGAMC compilers, a system of character coding and a macro generator. The total amount of supplied programs exceeded 500,000 instructions and 8000 sheets of documentation. M. E. Nemenman headed the software development project. The chief designer of the processor was V. Ya. Pykhtin.

Minsk-32 had been produced until 1975. 2889 computers were manufactured and, as a result, Minsk-32 became the most widely-spread general-purpose computer in the USSR. Moreover, if we consider a general-purpose computer as a machine which has equal or at least similar performance for both calculations and industrial-projecting tasks, then we would accept that Minsk-32 had been the only general-purpose computer in the USSR until ES EVM computers appeared. Its logical structure compared well with foreign computers of similar class. The Minsk SKB team at the end of 60s was the most professional team in the country and perfectly qualified for developing a series of inter-compatible computers on the basis of IBM 360 architecture.

In 1970, the team of Minsk development engineers and manufactures, who had produced over 4000 computers (more than 70% of the whole domestic computer fleet), were awarded with the USSR State Prize. These laureates were V. V. Przhiyalkovsky, G. P. Lopato, Yu. G. Bostandzhyan, G. D. Smirnov, N. A. Maltsev, G. K. Stolyarov, I. K. Rostovtsev, M. E. Ekelchik, Yu. V. Karpilovich, L. I. Shunyakov.

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