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Leading Agile Developers: The Seven Levels of Authority (Part 1)

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For managers to make the best use of self-organization in their business, they need to distribute control and delegate their authority. In this article, Jurgen Appelo, author of Management 3.0: Leading Agile Developers, Developing Agile Leaders, describes the scientific reason to empowering people in the first of his two-part series.
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  • It is said that power corrupts, but actually it’s truer that power attracts the corruptible. The sane are usually attracted by other things than power.
  • David Brin, scientist, author (1950-)

Managers are authorized by shareholders to grow the business and hire other people (and other managers). But to make the best use of self-organization in their business, they need to distribute control and delegate their authority. This article, the first in a two-part series, describes the scientific reason to empowering people, the seven levels of authority, and the “authority board” as a simple mechanism to delegate control to self-organizing teams.

Anarchy Versus Governance

Agile software development is a great success because it works through self-organizing teams. Self-organization is a lot like anarchy, which some people think is a bad thing. But agilists are “benevolent anarchists.” In Agile software development, anarchy is applied in a good way.

The word anarchy stems from the Greek word anarcho. It means “having no ruler.” People use the word in two situations:

  • Absence of order (presence of disorder)—in other words, chaos.
  • Absence of imposed (top-down) order—in other words, complexity.

This is depicted in Figure 1. Governance, the presence of top-down order, stretches from complexity into order. And anarchy, the absence of governance, stretches from complexity into chaos.

Figure 1 Governance versus anarchy

Some people believe that anarchy equals chaos. But nature is anarchistic, and yet ecosystems are complex, not chaotic. And traffic in Brussels is anarchistic. But the daily flows of traffic are complex, not chaotic. Likewise, a well-functioning Agile team is also complex, not chaotic.

Managers are authorized by shareholders to grow a successful business. For managers, the challenge is to make sure that the “anarchistic teams” behave in a way that is valuable to all stakeholders.

I often compare managers to gardeners (Figure 2). An unmanaged garden is typically full of weeds, not beauty. From a biological perspective, there’s no difference. Either way, the ecosystem in the garden is self-organizing. It takes a gardener (authorized by the owners of the garden) to turn an anarchistic garden into something that the owners will enjoy. Likewise, it takes a manager (authorized by shareholders) to steer self-organizing teams in a direction that delivers value to the shareholders.

Figure 2 The gardening metaphor

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Oslo airport backs sustainable route

Oslo airport is leading the aviation industry towards the use of more sustainable fuels.

It is sharing its experience in becoming the first airport in the world – last year – to supply renewable aviation fuels – including biofuels developed from used cooking oils, to all airlines, at the UN Climate Change Conference (COP23) in Bonn.

Airports and airlines worldwide are getting on board, like Stuttgart and Genève Aéroport. And Qantas, KLM, Cathay Pacific, Air Canada are some of the carriers shifting to cleaner fuels in a bid to slash emissions, a move confirmed in a Nasa report as being good news for the environment.

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Imagine one of the more than 200 Philadelphia-area CVS stores as the center of your health-care universe.

The local CVS could become a central clearinghouse for patients, where they get help with medical appointments, are guided to lower-cost care, and learn when to avoid the emergency room and how to comply with treatment plans.

That's the vision executives touted Monday during a presentation to Wall Street analyst on CVS's pending $69 billion acquisition of Aetna.

"Think of a Genius Bar at Apple, for example, and this ability to walk in the store and get help," said Aetna chief executive Mark Bertolini, referring to Apple's in-store technical support.

Lawton R. Burns, a professor of health-care management at the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School, doesn't buy it.

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The proposed transaction "highlights the dynamic pace of [mergers and acquisitions] in health care that will inevitably continue and involve other nontraditional pairings of various entities," Moody's Investors Service said.

The combination of CVS and Aetna, the Philadelphia region's second-largest commercial insurer, would create a colossus. It would bring together a company of 9,700 stores, including 1,100 with MinuteClinics (a walk-in clinic for basic care), with an insurer that has 22.2 million customers and operations in all 50 states. CVS said 70 percent of the U.S. population lives within three miles of a CVS pharmacy. Together, the companies had $221.4 billion in revenue and $18.5 billion in operating income in the 12 months ending Sept. 30.

Aetna has more employees in Pennsylvania (6,500, including about 1,000 in Blue Bell) than in any other state.

Hal F. Rosenbluth, who co-founded Conshohocken-based Take Care Health Clinics, sold to Walgreen Co. in 2008, called the CVS-Aetna strategy brilliant. "They are beginning to bring together the various components of the health-care ecosystem, which to date have been all very separate," said Rosenbluth, who now runs another health-care start-up, New Ocean Health Solutions.

The deal could be a mixed bag for consumers.

Sometimes it is hard for the elderly to absorb over the phone complex information about their benefits and health, said Paula Wade, a Nashville-based principal analyst at DRG Resources, a health-care information firm.

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Tag Archives: permanent partial disability

Settlement of High-Exposure Workers' Comp Claims: Part One

In nearly every workers' compensation program, cases that are referred to as “legacy files,” “dog files” and a myriad of other names (some of which are not appropriate for print) represent high-exposure claims that drive costs. Identifying and resolving these cases early can reduce exposure and overall costs.

The first part of this three-part series will look at what can trigger those important cases.

Generally speaking, a few cases represent the vast majority of the cost of a workers’ compensation program. Many are driven by the medical treatment necessary to cure or relieve the effects of the injury. While the indemnity aspect (permanent partial and permanent total disability) can be important, typically it is much easier to quantify these benefits than it is to determine the medical costs.

The high-exposure claims fall into two categories: acute and chronic.

Some examples of acute cases are quadriplegics, paraplegics, severe burns, amputations and head traumas. These injuries are severe and occur immediately as a result of the initial injury. In most instances, there is a significant initial cost, and the continuing care is substantial.

Chronic catastrophic cases, on the other hand, are much more difficult to identify. They typically start off in benign fashion (lumbar strain, knee strain, etc.) and deteriorate into multiple surgeries, lengthy periods of lost time and permanent disability. Chronic cases typically develop about five years after the injury.

A variety of metrics can be used to identify these cases and bring them to the forefront of a settlement initiative.

A case review can reveal numerous medical conditions that affect potential future exposure, including hypertension, obesity, diabetes, nicotine usage and excessive alcohol consumption. In many instances, these conditions are considered non-industrial and are not identified as cost drivers for the workers’ compensation claim. They are, nonetheless, extremely important in the healing process.

For example, the failure rate of spinal fusions is 20% to 30% in cigarette smokers, nearly double that in non-smokers. The failure of a spinal fusion typically results in one or more additional procedures, including: 1) a repeat fusion; 2) trial/implantation of a spinal cord stimulator; or 3) trial/implantation of an intrathecal pump (commonly referred to as a morphine pump). The costs associated with a failed fusion are payable by the claim, significantly increasing its duration and the cost.

Similarly, high glucose levels in diabetics can cause poor circulation, diabetic neuropathy and deficiencies in the immune system–all factors in recovering from injuries and surgeries. When an injured worker needs lower extremity surgery (foot, ankle, knee, etc.) and his diabetes is not well-controlled, significant medical problems can develop, including delayed recovery, infections and, in extreme cases, amputation. Again, whether or not the diabetes pre-dated the industrial injury, it can drive medical, indemnity and expense costs. Further, in some jurisdictions, a defendant may become liable for treatment of the diabetic condition if there is evidence that the condition was exacerbated or “lit up” as a result of the industrial injury.

These are just two examples of many nonindustrial co-morbid conditions that can have a significant impact on the cost and duration of a claim.

Life Expectancy and Inflation

In identifying cases that may become high-exposure claims, it is critical to determine the life expectancy of the injured worker. According to the Department of Labor, the median age of the workforce today is 42 years. Based on figures from the National Center for Health Statistics, that would result in a remaining life expectancy of 38 years, on average between men and women. So, it could be necessary to provide medical benefits for an extended period.

The rate of medical inflation is typically 8% a year, so the cost of medical care for an individual will double approximately every eight years.  We refer to this as The Rule of 8.  If an individual is consuming $5,000 a year in treatment today, a doubling every eight years would mean the medical cost would exceed $80,000 annually as he approaches the end of life (see Chart I below). The figures do not consider any deterioration in the medical condition.

Prescription and consumption of medications is escalating. In severe cases, the individual becomes dependent, and the physician is left with few other treatment options. We see instances where medications are prescribed, then additional prescriptions are viewed as necessary to counteract side effects.

New medications are approved by the FDA on a regular basis and are often prescribed in workers’ compensation claims.  More and more, a physician will prescribe an “off label” medication (one that has been approved by the FDA for a specific condition or purpose not consistent with the diagnosis).  Because of patents, there are no generics, and the medications can be costly. An example is Actiq.  This medication was approved by the FDA for the treatment of pain in Stage IV cancer patients.  But, in recent years, physicians have prescribed Actiq for the treatment of chronic spine pain.  The medication can cost upward of $4,000 to $6,000 a month.

Addition of Body Parts

We all remember the old “Dem Bones” song: “The knee bone’s connected to the thighbone, the thighbone’s connected to the …”  Well, nothing could be more accurate in the world of workers’ compensation.  In catastrophic cases, additional body parts are almost universally alleged as part of the industrial injury. A cervical injury expands into the upper extremities. A knee injury expands to the back and ankle because of an altered gait.  Medications prescribed for chronic pain cause internal complaints.

Identification Process

These triggers, and others, can make a case spiral into a high-exposure claim.  Part II of this series will discuss, in detail, approaches that can be used to assess these types of cases and focus on strategies to mitigate the exposure and move the cases toward resolution.

Oklahoma And Beyond: Significant State Workers' Compensation Reforms In 2013

The cost of providing workers’ compensation insurance is one of the top issues for companies of all sizes and across industries. Because it is regulated at the state level, companies need to stay abreast of issues in any state in which they do business. To date in 2013, nine states have seen significant workers’ compensation reform bills signed into law. Highlights from the legislation in each of the nine states follows.

Oklahoma’s workers’ compensation reform laws have received the most attention lately because of the inclusion of an opt-out provision, known as the Oklahoma Option. This legislation takes effect on February 14, 2014, and applies only to injuries occurring on or after January 01, 2014.

The ability to opt out has been a significant component of the Texas workers’ compensation system for a number of years. Wyoming also has a limited opt-out provision. Approximately one-third of employers in Texas participate in the opt-out, including many large national retailers. The significant cost savings employers saw in Texas was one of the driving forces behind the Oklahoma Option.

The Oklahoma Option’s application form is significantly different from that in Texas. Employers that opt out in Texas cannot simply endorse their excess liability policy to cover Oklahoma. Rather, employers in Oklahoma that choose the option are required to provide a written benefit plan that serves as a replacement for the workers’ compensation coverage. This benefit plan must provide for full replacement of all indemnity benefits offered in the workers’ compensation system. The plan can be self-insured, or coverage can be purchased from a licensed carrier. At this time, carriers are developing policies to provide both first-dollar and excess self-insurance coverage for the benefit plans under the Oklahoma Option.

The key component of the Oklahoma Option for employers is that it gives them full control of the medical treatment through their benefits plan. More than 60% of workers’ compensation costs are medical treatment. With full medical control, employers will be able to ensure that injured workers receive the appropriate medical care from medical providers who follow widely accepted occupational medicine treatment protocols. This will eliminate doctor shopping, which is a significant cost driver in many states. The hope is that full employer medical control will eliminate unnecessary treatment, produce shorter periods of disability, and ultimately improve medical outcomes for the injured workers.

Unlike the Texas opt-out, the Oklahoma Option does not permit employees to pursue a negligence action through the civil courts. Workers’ compensation is usually the exclusive remedy for an injured worker for any work-related injuries. In other words, the employee cannot usually pursue a separate tort action in civil court. In Texas, injured workers for employers who opted-out are free to pursue remedy in the civil courts. With the Oklahoma Option, any litigation must proceed through the normal workers’ compensation administrative processes. This exclusive remedy has a narrow exception for injuries that were intentionally caused by the employer. Attorneys will have to overcome this very high burden of proof in order to pursue a civil complaint for a work injury.

Another difference between the Oklahoma and Texas opt-out scenarios is that the Oklahoma system is backed by a guarantee fund, which provides benefit payments in the event that a carrier or self-insured employer becomes insolvent and is unable to continue paying claims. The Oklahoma Option coverage offers guarantee funds for both self-insured employers and carriers. These are separate from the workers’ compensation guarantee funds.

The Oklahoma reforms also include the switch from a court-based system to an administrative system. Oklahoma was one of the few remaining states where all workers’ compensation disputes were adjudicated in the civil courts. Civil litigation is both very expensive and time-consuming. This change to an administrative system should reduce employer costs associated with litigation and produce more timely decisions, which are key elements of controlling claims costs.

Overall, the changes made in Oklahoma are positively viewed by employers and should improve Oklahoma’s ranking as a top ten state for loss costs.

The recently passed reform bill in Delaware was designed to control medical costs and encourage return-to-work efforts.

Medical cost savings will be achieved by:

  • Suspending for two-years the annual inflation increase on medical fees.
  • Lowering the inflation index on hospital fees.
  • Creating new cost-control provisions on pharmaceuticals.
  • Establishing a statute of limitations for appealing utilization review decisions.
  • Expanding the fee schedule to capture items that were previously exempted.

Other changes included more emphasis on return-to-work efforts, which will be considered in calculating the workplace credit safety program.

These changes are expected to lower employer workers’ compensation costs in Delaware.

The use of physician-dispensed medication has been a significant issue in Florida workers’ compensation. Physicians were charging several times what the same medication would cost from a retail pharmacy, and the costs were not regulated by a fee schedule. SB 662, which was recently signed into law, creates a maximum reimbursement rate for physician-dispensed medication of 112.5% of the average wholesale price, plus an $8 dispensing fee. Although the bill is expected to produce cost savings for employers in Florida, the fee schedule amount for physician-dispensed medications is still significantly higher than that for the same medications at retail pharmacies. There are savings; however, this will continue to be a cost driver in the state.

Another issue impacting workers’ compensation costs in Florida is that the First District Court of Appeals, in two separate rulings, has found sections of the workers’ compensation statutes unconstitutional. Under the Westphal decision (Bradley Westphal v. City of St. Petersburg, No. 1D12-3563, February 2013), the court decided that the 104-week cap on temporary total disability (TTD) benefits was “unfair” and violated the state’s constitutional right to access the court and “receive justice without denial or delay.” Injured workers are currently limited to 260 weeks of TTD benefits, which was the cap under the prior law. There is concern that the arguments used in Westphal could also be used to invalidate the 260-week limit. The Court has agreed to review this decision en banc, so the ruling is not final.

In the Jacobson case (Jacobson v. Southeast Personnel Leasing, Case 1D12-1103, June 5, 2013), the court found unconstitutional a section of the Act that prevented injured workers from hiring an attorney for motions for costs on disputed claims, as this violated their right to due process.

The Jacobson case is very narrow in scope and has limited impact, but the Westphal decision has potential to significantly increase employer costs. With these cases, there is growing concern in Florida that attacks on the constitutionality of the workers’ compensation statutes will continue, further eroding prior reforms that produced significant employer savings.

Despite savings produced via the fee schedule for physician-dispensed medications, if the court upholds the decision in Westphal, the associated costs will outweigh any savings from the recent legislation.

Legislation passed in Georgia should have a positive impact on workers’ compensation costs for employers. Effective July 1, 2013, medical benefits for non-catastrophic cases are capped at 400 weeks from the date of accident, whereas previously, injured workers were entitled to lifetime medical benefits for all claims. This change significantly shortens the claims tail for non-catastrophic cases. By eliminating exposure for lifetime medical coverage on all claims, it also reduces the potential exposure on any Medicare Set-Aside, as Medicare’s rights on a workers’ compensation claims are confined to the parameters of the state law.

In order to receive this concession from labor on the medical costs, employers agreed to increase the indemnity rates for temporary partial disability (TPD) and TTD. The indemnity rate increases are as follows:

  • TPD: $334 to $350 for a period not exceeding 350 weeks from the date of injury.
  • TTD: $500 to $525 per week for a period not exceeding 400 weeks from the date of accident.

Indemnity rates in Georgia had not increased since 2007.

Another change involves a requirement that an injured worker make a legitimate effort to return to work when a modified-duty position is offered. The employee must complete a full work shift or eight hours, whichever is longer. If the injured worker feels that he or she is unable to work beyond that, benefits must be reinstated and the burden is on the employer to show the work offered was suitable. If the employee does not complete that full shift, then the burden of proof does not shift back to the employer and the employer can suspend benefits.

The cost savings from capping the medical benefits is expected to slightly outweigh the cost increases associated with the indemnity maximum rate increase. Thus, the net impact to employers should be a slight reduction in workers’ compensation costs.

Research indicates that workers’ compensation medical fee schedules lower medical costs. In Indiana, legislation was passed that establishes a hospital fee schedule at 200% of Medicare rates. This is consistent with other states that base their fee schedules on Medicare rates. The bill also capped the price for repackaged drugs and surgical implants. Since repackaged drugs and surgical implants were previously outside the fee schedule, these caps will help to reduce employer costs. The fee schedule takes effect on July 1, 2014.

The legislation also included changes to indemnity benefits:

  • Gradual average weekly wage (AWW) increase of 20% over three years, beginning with a 6% increase on July 1, 2014, and up to 20% over current AWW by July 1, 2016.
  • An increase of 25% in permanent partial impairment or disability (PPI or PPD), from $1,400 per degree from 1 to 10 degrees to $1,750, gradually over three years. Higher PPI ratings, above 10 degrees, increased from 16% to 22% incrementally over the same period.

Indiana had not increased its maximum indemnity benefit for many years, so the general consensus is that the increase was overdue.

Given that medical costs typically account for 60% of the total workers’ compensation expenditure, the decrease in medical costs from these reforms should offset the increase in indemnity benefits. The expectation is that this legislation will produce a small degree of savings for employers.

Minnesota joined most other states in amending its statutes to allow for mental-mental injuries (a psychiatric disorder without a physical injury). The law provides that the employee must be diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by a licensed psychiatrist or psychologist in order to qualify for benefits. However, PTSD is not recognized as a work injury if it results from good faith disciplinary action, layoff, promotion/demotion, transfer, termination, or retirement.

Other changes include a cap on job development benefits and a restructuring of how attorney fees are paid. There is also an increased cost-of-living adjustment (COLA) for permanently disabled workers and an increase on the maximum indemnity rate. Lastly, rulemaking authority is now in place to include narcotic contracts as a factor in determining if long-term opioid or other scheduled medication use is compensated.

The job development benefits and narcotic use in Minnesota are significant cost drivers, so these are positive limitations for employers. However, the increase in indemnity rates, COLA, and coverage of mental-mental claims all add to employer costs. Thus, a slight overall increase in claim costs is expected as the result of the legislation passed in 2013.

Missouri’s reforms were focused on addressing the insolvent second injury fund and returning occupational disease claims to the workers’ compensation system.

The Missouri Second Injury Fund has been plagued by problems for several years. It was heavily utilized by injured workers to supplement permanent partial disability awards. The fund became insolvent when prior reforms capped assessments that were supporting it while not reducing the claims that were covered by it. Under these new reforms, which are effective January 01, 2014, PPD claims are excluded from the second injury fund. Access to the fund will be limited to permanent total disability (PTD) claims where the total disability was caused by a combination of a work injury and a pre-existing disability. In addition, employer assessments to cover the funds’ liabilities are increased by no more than 3% of net premiums. These increased assessments expire December 2021.

The new law also indicates that occupational diseases are exclusively covered under the workers’ compensation statutes with some exceptions, which are noted below. The Act also establishes psychological stress of police officers as an occupational disease under workers’ compensation.

Bringing occupational disease claims back under workers’ compensation came at a cost. Trial lawyers in Missouri had significant influence in crafting this legislation. The act defines “occupational diseases due to toxic exposure” and creates an expanded benefit for occupational diseases due to toxic exposure other than mesothelioma — equal to 200% of the state’s average weekly wage for 100 weeks to be paid by the employer. For mesothelioma cases, an additional 300% of the state’s average weekly wage for 212 weeks shall be paid by employers and employer pools that insure mesothelioma liability. These expanded benefits are in addition to any other traditional workers’ compensation benefits that are paid. Also, these enhanced benefits are a guaranteed payout to the injured worker or his or her estate. It is very unusual to see guaranteed payout of benefits in workers’ compensation, so there is potential that this will lead to an increase in toxic exposure claims being filed under workers’ compensation.

In addition, employers will no longer have subrogation rights on toxic exposure cases. This is a potentially significant issue. Often, attorneys do not bother filing for workers’ compensation on such cases, as their focus is on larger awards available on the tort side. Attorneys know any workers’ compensation benefits have to be repaid under subrogation. There is concern from some employers and defense attorneys that eliminating subrogation rights will actually encourage filing more toxic exposure claims under workers’ compensation.

The establishment of a “Meso Fund” is also creating confusion. Employers must opt into this fund, and it is supported by additional assessments against the employers in an amount needed to cover the liabilities. If an employer does not opt into the Meso Fund, their liability for a mesothelioma claim is not subject to the workers’ compensation exclusive remedy and action may be pursued in the civil courts. Most employers do not have exposure to mesothelioma claims, so it is expected that the only employers who will join the Meso Fund are those who frequently see such claims and are looking to spread their risk to others.

Between the increased assessments, expanded benefits for toxic exposure, and the loss of subrogation on toxic exposure cases, it is expected that this legislation will increase costs for employers in Missouri.

New York
Governor Cuomo has indicated that the workers’ compensation reform legislation he recently signed into law will reduce employer costs by about $800 million annually. These savings are derived primarily by streamlining the assessment collection process and eliminating the 25-a fund and its associated assessments. New York’s workers’ compensation assessments are the highest in the nation, so employers welcome any relief in this area.

Many employers are questioning whether this legislation provides any real savings. Because the streamlining process is not known, whether or not assessments will be significantly lowered is still unclear.

The 25-a fund covered claims that were reopened for future medical treatment. Eliminating this fund does not save employers money. As occurred when the 15-8 fund (second injury fund) was eliminated under the last reforms, the claims previously paid by these funds will now be paid by employers directly, so there is no net savings realized. In addition, running off the 15-8 and 25-a funds will take several years, so the assessments — in particular those for the 15-8 — will continue. Because of the continued assessments, shutting down these funds will actually increase employer costs in the short-term. The long- term impact should be cost neutral, with the employers paying the claim costs directly, instead of through assessments.

Finally, the minimum weekly indemnity benefit was increased from $100 to $150. This will have a negative impact on employers who hire part-time workers earning near the minimum wage.

Until the impact of the streamlined assessments is known, it is impossible to quantify the overall impact this bill will have on employers. However, after the legislation passed, the New York Insurance Rating Board recommended a double-digit rate increase for the second consecutive year, indicating that they are skeptical the law will produce significant savings.

Tennessee also moved its workers’ compensation dispute resolution process from a court-based system to an administrative system, leaving Alabama as the only state that still uses the trial courts for all such litigation. As mentioned in regard to Oklahoma, this should reduce employer costs associated with litigation and provide more timely resolution of disputes.

Tennessee also amended its law to provide for strict statutory construction of the Workers’ Compensation Act. The law previously required that close disputes be adjudicated in favor of the injured worker. The switch means that the administrative courts no longer can favor either party and must strictly follow the statutes. In theory, this should lead to a much narrower interpretation of the statutes and reduce the courts’ expansion of what is covered under workers’ compensation. However, strict construction can work against the employer if the language in the statutes is vague. For example, several years ago Missouri switched to strict construction, which resulted in some unintended consequences. The courts in Missouri issued many decisions that were unfavorable to employers because the statutes in Missouri did not strictly indicate that occupational disease was subject to the exclusive remedy of workers’ compensation or that permanent total disability benefits stopped at the death of the injured workers.

Calculation of permanent partial disability (PPD) has also been changed in the new Tennessee law. The multipliers for not returning an injured worker to employment have been eliminated in favor of a system based primarily on the impairment rating. Overall, PPD is expected to decrease under the new system. Until cases are adjudicated under the new system, however, this remains to be seen.

Tennessee also now requires a higher burden of proof on causation. Employees must prove that the workplace is the primary cause of any injury, meaning that the employment contributed more than 50% percent in causing the injury. This is expected to significantly reduce claims where an employee’s pre-existing conditions are the main cause of the work injury.

Finally, a medical advisory committee was created to develop treatment guidelines for common workers’ compensation injuries. In other states, these treatment guidelines have helped to lower medical costs. Until these guidelines are actually in place, the exact impact is unknown.

The workers’ compensation legislation in Tennessee was designed to make the state more attractive for businesses. Employers should see lower costs as the result of the reforms.

Pending Legislation
At the time of this article, some state legislatures were still in session with pending workers’ compensation bills. It is important for companies to stay informed on state-level changes to workers’ compensation laws as they can have significant impact on costs and approaches to managing this key risk area.

Author’s Note: I would like to thank members of the National Workers’ Compensation Defense Network (NWCDN) for their assistance with this article. They are a tremendous resource in my efforts to monitor workers’ compensation developments nationwide.


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We found the owner of (281) 970-4300

Get owner details from Intelius, the people directory containing billions of public records

One of the owners of (281) 970-4300 is between 50-60 years old. We have records for 11 previous addresses for the owner, 5 other phone numbers, and 1 associates or relatives connected to this individual.

A******* K*******

50-60 years old

1 associates found

Blinn College

1 more

Has lived in:

Houston, TX

Fulshear, TX

Katy, TX

Katy, TX

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Additional information on the owner

You can run a reverse phone lookup using the Intelius data search engine to learn more about the person calling you. Reports can include, when available, name, age, address, associates, historical locations, and phone carrier.

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AT&T Southwest

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Intelius is a leading provider of public data about people and their connections to others. Intelius does not provide consumer reports and is not a consumer reporting agency as defined by the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA). This site should not be used to determine an individual’s eligibility for credit, insurance, employment, housing or any other purpose covered by the FCRA. Please visit GoodHire for all your employment screening needs.


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What Is A Modern Intranet?

With workplaces transforming at a tremendous rate, the way, when and where people work is also changing. Teams that used to all sit within the same office are now scattered across the globe and the need to perform routine tasks is decreasing. Employees are now being asked to solve more complex problems, which increasingly requires creativity and most importantly, collaboration.

A modern Intranet or Digital Workplace isn’t about having tools and technology, but rather the experience you create for your employees and how well you enable your people to use the tools available to help them (and your organisation) to succeed.

The earliest versions of employee Intranets generally housed basic company information which could become stagnant and redundant. Today, the modern Intranet is experiencing a resurgence. We recognise that nearly all organisations need a Digital Workplace hub where:

  • employees can go to stay informed on all mandatory communications
  • make sense of and integrate with all their digital productivity tools
  • connect with internal experts and co-workers
  • find fresh up-to-date information
  • socially interact across geographical and departmental lines

When Intelogy begins a modern Intranet journey with new clients, we always start by getting to know their culture, strategies and the business processes they are trying to support. This is because an effective Intranet should be designed and implemented with business and user requirements at the forefront.

Here are some basic rules to keep in mind when designing and building an Intranet:

  1. A modern Intranet is always with you – easy to access whether you are on-the-go, at home or in an office. Think of all your workers including those who may be out in the field, or even the bring-your-own-device (BYOD) which is now starting to trend across organisations around the globe. Empowering users to choose the tools that best suit them will ensure maximum uptake.
  2. A modern Intranet promotes collaboration – It is time to step out of the old school silos and work together. We are now in a social networking era: liking, commenting, tagging, sharing, and almost any other activity you can think of that people use to share their information and knowledge. Your Intranet should instil a new collective mentality: collaboration is the key to success!
  3. A modern Intranet makes things easier – It should allow you to do less for to achieve more, making a goal or task easier or more efficient. Employees should be able to find information they require quicker and easier, resulting in both time saving and overall business cost savings as staff are able to increase productivity.
  4. A modern Intranet should make employees happier – Good user experience is key. It should be intuitive to use, easy to navigate, have effective search, and a recognisable company brand. These features should increase employee productivity, communication, and as a result, satisfaction. It should also aim to aid the onboarding process for new employees.

Intelogy has a defined approach to plan, design, implement and support your corporate Intranet strategy.
Read all about our approach in the blog below.

Kickstart Your Modern Intranet Strategy Today

About the Author:

A people-lover, who is always on the go and whose heart belongs to modern workplaces. Besides making working lives better, she is passionate about the way humans interact with technology ♥.
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Dakota Titus #5

Dakota Titus #5

  • Driver Bio

    I grew up around big country speedway. My dad raced way before my time and even up until a few years ago. The pits were and still are like my second home and BCS is my second family. I've always dreamed about running a car on my hometown track and the 2014 season was my chance. I was given the opportunity by my wonderful grandparents Kathy and Perry, driving their purple #5 junkyard warrior. I made a lot of mistakes my rookie year but that's what its all about. If you don't learn something every time you get behind the wheel, in my opinion you won't progress as a driver. Growing up around the track I have always admired the old school stock car guys. My dad Chris Titus being my main inspiration. But Mark sopr, Van, andjohn Humphrey also played a huge roll. As a kid these guys were the best. (Still are in my opinion). I have some plans for the 2015 season that may surprise some people! New car, new number, and as a driver a ne! w outlook on racing! I hope to see everybody in 2015! And like I said I can't thank my grandparents enough for the wonderful 2014 season

  • Sponsors

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Learn how to motivate and develop performance by making clear observations and accurate suggestions for improvement.

What can you expect from our Feedback and Motivation training?

In this training course you will learn how to give feedback in a way that allows team members to benefit most from it. You will become acquainted with the ingredients required so that feedback that reaches its recipient. In practical exercises and role plays you will have the opportunity to train how to solve even tricky feedback situations. Furthermore, you will look into cultural impacts on giving and receiving feedback. There will also be room for reflecting on the relationships you have with the members of your team and for discussing your own feedback cases.

The focus of the training is:

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To gain an impression how we work in our training courses, why not request a free websession for your corporation here?

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How To Start Trading Stocks Online In 5 Easy Steps

Written By Alla Levin
June 17, 2021
You Can Listen to This Article Here
Voiced by Amazon Polly

How To Start Trading Stocks Online In 5 Easy Steps

Investing was something that was considered a thing of the riches. Today, it has become a norm for people who want to earn money even if they sleep. If you are interested in trading stocks and looking for the opportunity to learn the basics, you are at the right place.

Stock investing is one of the most profitable investments you can make. If done well, stock investing can bring you long-term wealth. However, before entering the stock trade market, you need to be aware of the associated risks.

How To Start Trading Stocks Online?

Stock trading has become super simple with online platforms. These online platforms deal with complex procedures and cater only to the simple process in front of you. You can use this platform to navigate the stocks you want to buy, and with just a simple click, the relevant stocks are yours.

Before you can start buying stocks, you must have an idea about the stocks indices and how their units are used to determine the performance of the market. Experts use the stock indices to measure the market performance and then make their investment decision.

Here is how you can start trading stocks online.

Determine Your Investing Approach

Determine Your Investing Approach

The first thing that you need to consider while stepping into the stock market is determining your approach. For instance, you can go with individual stocks or choose some less active approach. Try this and see which of the following statements best describes you.

  • An analytical person who likes to play with numbers.
  • Poor with the number game.
  • Have enough time to invest in the stock market.
  • Busy with your primary job and want to invest in the stock market for passive income.

The good news is that, regardless of what kind of situation you are in, there is always something for everyone in the stock market.

Learn About The Stock Trading

Once you are in the stock market, you need to learn at every step. Every experience teaches you something; you need to keep an open mind to grasp the knowledge. The stock market is an unpredictable game; hence, you need to be at the top of your game to conquer it.

The best way to do so is by gathering information alongside investing. Luckily, there are online platforms that offer their assistance to the investors and educate them on the art of investing. You can take help from those offers.

Select A Brokerstart trading stocks online

Once you are all set to go, the next step is making your first online stock investment. For that, you need a reliable broker who can help you with the investment. Look for your requirements and see if any brokers are matching your need. In addition to that, look for a customer support extension.

Search For Stocks

You have opened the account and are all set to invest in your first stocks, but how do you do that? Well, as you are new to the whole stock market, start with assessing the market performance and find out which stocks have performed in the last couple of days.

Your search will take you on a journey where you will find several stocks to invest in, be vigilant with the stocks you choose, and once you find the best company to invest in, invest a little amount in checking the performance of your investment.

Create A Plan & Stick With It

Stock trading can be an emotional deal for beginners. Those who are new to the industry think that investing everything in one stock is the best way to make money. However, they realize that it is a myth once they lose all their money.

Investing a large amount of money in stocks is not a bad idea, but there is no guarantee your investment will give you a profitable return. You must know the risk associated with the investment and plan your investment around it.

Closing Thoughts

Stock trading is all about analyzing the market and making the most prominent decision. The more knowledge you have on the market, the better profit you can makeover your investment. If you are not confident about your stock market knowledge, taking help from a broker will ensure that your investment brings returns.

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Tuesday, July 28, 2015

Man is the Pasture of Being: Interlude on the Old Man Himself

British Library, Royal MS 15 D II, 192v, Great Feast of God
Stop flinching! This one isn't that long.

If you've been following along, even hesitatingly, you know that I've been captured by the theme of "sky burial" throughout this second half of July. The first blogfruit of my research is here, on the medieval afterlife of the Babylonian king Evilmerodach; the second is here, on classical and late antique enthnography of the Persian and Central Asian practice of exposure of the dead. Together they constitute some 5500 words of brand-new research.

I realize that's a bit much, particularly for a group blog. And I realize that asking you to read this stuff may be asking you to work for me, for free. Sorry. Since my semester's starting in about a month, I can't really see slowing down (teaching will accomplish that, neatly); but I can save you from the bulk of what I wrote today, if you like: this is about 1100 words on, apologies, Martin Heidegger, where I go after his famous "Man is the Shepherd of Being." They're far from sympathetic. If you want to read it, click HERE, to go to my own website (www.medievalkarl.com). I can promise you not only Heidegger-wrasslin' -- of interest perhaps only to a tiny group -- but also a brief consideration of Elaine Tin Nyo's laudable, lifetime project to transform herself into sausage.

Next time I post here, I can promise MANDEVILLE + TIBET.

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27 Apr 2018

No fireworks from the Bank of Japan

The ECB wasn’t the only Central Bank show in town yesterday. While we were sleeping, the Bank of Japan (BoJ) delivered their very own monetary policy musings.

It was a comprehensive 8-1 majority in favour of leaving policy unchanged with Kataoka again dissenting, calling for additional easing. The new deputy governor, Wakatabe, voted as part of the majority of eight putting fears to bed that he may be a fully-fledged dove similar to Kataoka. The main news from the meeting was that the BoJ removed wording on reaching its ‘fiscal 2019’ 2% target, markets have taken that as a simple abandonment of their 2% inflation target. JPY was little changed on the news.

Bank of Ireland: BIRG to close 27 service centres, cut 200 staff

Bank of Ireland has announced it will close all 27 of its back office service centres across Ireland, leading to approximately 200 job losses. The 27 service centres employ around 420 people, but BIRG has decided to centralise the function and use some of the freed up head count to redeploy staff to a number of customer facing roles in the retail branch network (+100) or for other roles across the bank (+60). However, the bank will be seeking over 200 job losses through voluntary redundancies or early retirement. The service centre closures are the latest cost cutting initiatives announced by CEO Francesca McDonagh who has pledged to lower underlying operating costs this year versus 2017.

Irish Banks: Lloyds to push on with €5bn mortgage sale

Reports in The Irish Independent suggest that Lloyds will continue to push on with the proposed sale of its remaining €5bn Irish residential mortgage book. This is despite some recent media reporting that Lloyds would seek to delay the sale, given the current sensitive political environment on loan book disposals. Lloyds retains approximately €5bn in residential owner occupied (OO) and buy-to-let (BTL) mortgage in Ireland, a holdover from the previous Bank of Scotland Ireland exposure which it gained following the takeover of HBOS. According to The Irish Independent, the “Project Porto” portfolio is roughly 85% OO, 15% BTL, and is highly performing, with only 2.64% of the book over 90 days past due. Additionally, the weighted average LTV on the book is 75%, and the majority of the loans are secured on property in Dublin or its immediate commuter belt. As such, the loan book appears to be prime credit quality in nature. However, the portfolio is described as “yield impaired” with 55% of the book still on an interest only repayment basis (46% for OO, 94% for BTL), and 77% of the loans are contractually tied to tracker rates. This mix of high credit quality and low repayment yield suggests that it will be of little interest to the specialist distressed debt funds who have been the most active in the Irish residential mortgage space in recent years.

Irish Banks: Ulster Bank Q1 results

RBS has released its Q118 results this morning. While our colleagues in London will deal with its performance at a group level, our focus here is on its Irish unit, Ulster Bank RoI. Ulster Bank RoI reported a 1.8% y/y fall in total income to €165m, driven by the continued reduction in income from free funds. This is in spite of a 4bps increase in NIM in the quarter. The group was able to more than mitigate the top-line decline by cutting OpEx (as part of the group’s restructuring programme) from €164m in Q117 to €145m in the last quarter, but an impairment loss of €9m (Q117: net release of €28m) saw operating profits come in at €11m versus €32m a year earlier. The impairment charge was mainly driven by “an €11m provision for remediation and project costs associated with legacy business issues”, which is presumably tracker-related. Ulster’s ROE was 1.6% in the quarter, versus 4.0% a year ago. This is in spite of the payment of a €1.5bn dividend to Natwest Holdings Limited at the end of January. Ulster Bank’s net loans and advances fell €0.3bn in Q118 (including a €0.2bn fall in its tracker mortgage book).

Dalata: Record number of overseas visitors to Ireland in Q1

Overseas visitors’ data from the CSO show a pick-up in the growth rate of visitors to Ireland in Q118. In the three months to the end of March 2018, the total number of trips to Ireland increased by 6.9% y/y with North America and Europe (ex. GB) again leading the way. Total visitors of 1.92m in the quarter was a record for Q1. The 6.9% growth in visitors in Q1 compares favourably with a full-year growth rate of 3.6% in 2017, a record year for overseas arrivals into Ireland. The number of British visitors was marginally higher y/y in Q1 (+0.3%) and, while this remains the largest market for inbound travellers, the Europe (ex. GB) segment is closing this gap – this market showed growth of +13.8% y/y in Q1. Visitor numbers from North America also continue to expand and were +13.0% y/y in Q1, following growth of 16.2% in 2017. Q1 is very much the off-season for this segment, although it has an overweight level of importance due to typically longer stays and greater spend per trip. Other markets (principally Asia/Australia) were 1.5% higher y/y in Q1.

Travis Perkins: Q1 trading update

Travis Perkins has reported lfl sales growth of +3.0% and total sales growth of +2.4% for the first quarter. Sales from the restructured Plumbing & Heating division grew +19.7% on a lfl basis. Sales in the main General Merchanting Division were -1.9% with lfl sales -1.3%. The quarter was badly effected by poor weather in January & February and one less trading day v’s 2017. The company say that “excluding impacts of adverse weather, General Merchanting lfl sales were positive” - Weather was particularly disruptive for Heavyside material sales which they estimate as reducing Heavyside sales by up to -1.5% to -2.0% in the period. While mixed trading conditions are expected to continue the Group says it is on track to meet expectations for 2018.

CRH/KSP/Grafton: Saint Gobain Q1 sales update

Saint Gobain has reported Q118 sales with organic growth +1.6% compared to +6.5% in Q4. While the pricing component remained relatively stable at +2.1% in Q1 vs +2.7% in Q4, volumes declined by 0.5% vs +3.8% in Q4. This was of course influenced by the weather and tough comps due to the timing of Easter. On a divisional basis LFL sales for Interior Solutions, which includes the Group’s insulation operations were +4.6% (vs Q4 +8.9%) driven by Asia, EM and good underlying markets across Europe except the UK. Building Distribution sales were -0.7% (vs Q4 +4.0%). Within the UK management indicated that volumes continued to deteriorate, partly offset by a strong price effect, while France and Germany were hit by hard weather. On a regional basis LFL sales were highest in EM (+6.8%), followed by North America (4.6%), France (+1.3%) and Rest of Europe %-1.1%).

No change on key ECB policy rates

As widely expected, the ECB Governing Council (GC) held policy steady at yesterday’s meeting, with the key ECB policy rates unchanged at -0.40%, 0.00% and +0.25% (deposit, refi, marginal lending). The ECB’s current pace of asset purchases was also left unchanged at €30bn per month, running until September 2018. Perhaps the biggest question surrounding today’s meeting was how much concern the GC would express over the weakness of economic data in the first quarter. As expected the opening statement and President Draghi’s comments during the press conference acknowledged that figures over recent months had indicated a loss of growth momentum. Indeed the President revealed that future policy was not discussed during the GC meeting, instead each GC member had reported back on their individual economies. The general view is one of a broad slowdown across all countries and sectors. As a result the GC removed a reference to the fact that ‘prevailing positive cyclical momentum could lead to stronger growth in near term’ from its statement. However the risks around euro area growth were still deemed to be broadly balanced.

Trade & inflation concerns

Mr Draghi also touched on trade concerns, and it is notable that within the GC’s assessment, risks from protectionism were now deemed to be more prominent. If anything the recent mood music around trade has been slightly more positive, with US Treasury Secretary Mnuchin set to visit China next week for talks. Nonetheless President Draghi warned of the rapid and profound impact a deterioration in the global trade environment could have on confidence. At the same time there appeared to be no change in the GC’s assessment of the inflation outlook. The ECB continues to judge underlying inflation as being subdued, but that the underlying growth backdrop supports its confidence of inflation converging to target. The President did however make one note of certain ‘encouraging signs’ on wage growth, perhaps in reference to the recent announcement around German wage settlements.

ECB cautious approach

The overall take away from yesterday’s press conference is that the ECB is taking a cautious approach to the slowdown witnessed in Q1. Indeed the President pointed out that there was no discussion about policy today because the GC needs to assess whether the slowing in economic activity is temporary or something more permanent. This means that at least one or two months of data will be needed to confirm its confidence in the outlook before making its next policy signal. Given the tone of today’s meeting, we are no further forward in gauging the exact timing of the ECB’s exit strategy. As such we see little reason to change our view on ECB policy at this point. Our current view on ECB sequencing envisages a i) decision on tapering and ending QE in June, ii) an adjustment to the ‘well past’ rate guidance in September and iii) the first hike in rates coming in Q2 2019 (+20bp increase in the deposit rate). The euro is weaker on the day, with EUR / USD currently trading at just over $1.21. German (10y) Bunds seeing yields falling 4bp to 0.59%. However this looks to be part of a wider US dollar and bond market move rather than ECB related.

Economic Releases

09.00 EC ECB’s Mersch speaks

09.30 UK GDP
10.00 EC Confidence surveys

13.30 US GDP

15.00 UK BoE’s Carney speaks


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Welcome to Investec

An international bank and wealth manager
Investec Zebra head

Our purpose is to create enduring worth, living in society, not off it
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Each of our clients has a distinctive story and a unique set of needs

Whether you’re building your business, growing your family, or creating your legacy, we take the time to understand your potential and bring our years of experience to bear in helping you to achieve it. Through deep client relationships built on mutual trust, we help to make the extraordinary possible.

This approach has defined us ever since our founding in Johannesburg, South Africa, in 1974. It’s a philosophy that extends to every facet of our business.

We call it ‘Out of the Ordinary’
Fani Titi
Fani Titi, Investec Chief Executive

Strong partnerships and understanding are essential to the creation of enduring worth.

staff internationally

cities on five continents
Investec Sandton office exterior

Today, Investec is publicly traded in London and Johannesburg

It is staffed by 8,200 employees across its core geographies of the UK and South Africa, along with other locations across the globe. But the beliefs upon which we were founded remain as relevant and vital today as they were when we first opened our doors as a small finance company almost five decades ago.

Our values

Investec exists to create enduring worth for all of our stakeholders: our clients, our people and the communities in which we operate. This purpose is expressed in five key values that shape the way that we work and live within society.

  • Cast-iron integrity

    We believe in long-term relationships built on mutual trust, open and honest dialogue and cast-iron integrity.

  • Distinctive performance

    We thrive on energy, ambition and outstanding talent. We are open to fresh thinking. We believe in diversity and respect for others.

  • Client focus

    We are committed to genuine collaboration and unwavering dedication to our clients’ needs and goals.

  • Entrepreneurial spirit

    We are pioneers at heart. Shaped by our non-traditional origin and evolution, we share with our clients a willingness to challenge the status quo in pursuit of a better, more sustainable tomorrow.

  • Dedicated partnership

    We collaborate unselfishly in pursuit of group performance, through open and honest dialogue – using process to test decisions, seek challenge and accept responsibility.

Investec London office exterior

Our history

Our journey of organic growth and strategic acquisitions is something that sets us apart - from a small finance company in South Africa in 1974 to an international organisation.

A unique balance of tradition and modernity.

Looking forward

The future is undecided. To navigate these extraordinary times, you need a strong partner, someone you trust to support you and grow with you.
Together, we’ll achieve things tomorrow that hardly seem possible today.
We are Investec. We are Out of the Ordinary.


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UniSuper’s investment team has a new manager for its governance and sustainability responsibilities following the departure of Helga Birgden last month, and will not look to replace departing head of private markets Gary Gabriel in the foreseeable future.

According to UniSuper chief investment officer David St John, Talieh Williams will replace Birgden in January. Williams will leave her current position as manager for sustainability, assurance and advisory services at Ernst and Young. St John said he was pleased to be getting Williams on board, citing an extensive work history with law firm Minter Ellison, Shell Company of Australia, law firm Clayton Utz and consulting firm The Hansen Partnership. St John is not looking to replace Gabriel – who is going to head up private markets for the Future Fund – in UniSuper’s private markets team, but said current manager for private markets, Gautam Rajamani, would be the acting head. “We’ve got a good private markets team with some depth of experience. I’ve put a challenge to the team and I’ve a high degree of confidence in them,” St John said. Former Intech deputy head of manager research Danny Suchowiecki started his new position at the $25 billion fund yesterday as manager for public markets.

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Who’s Buying? Companies. Who’s Selling? Everybody Else. How Will It End? Not Well!

Sharing is Caring!

via NYT:

Armchair investors have been selling stock.

So have pension funds and mutual funds, as well as a whole other category of investors — nonprofit groups, endowments, private equity firms and personal trusts.

The stock market is off to its best start since 1987, but these investors are expected to dump hundreds of billions of dollars of shares this year.

So who is pushing prices higher? In part, the companies themselves.

American corporations flush with cash from last year’s tax cuts and a growing economy are buying back their own shares at an extraordinary clip. They have good reason: Buybacks allow them to return cash to shareholders, burnish key measures of financial performance and goose their share prices.

The surge in buybacks reflects a fundamental shift in how the market is operating, cementing the position of corporations as the single largest source of demand for American stocks. The binge has helped sustain a bull market approaching its 10th birthday, even in the face of political, international and economic uncertainty.

Since the market rally began in March 2009, the S&P 500 has risen more than 300 percent as the United States recovered from the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression. But few expect those kinds of gains over the next decade. Facing the prospect of a period of relatively low returns — or even a bear market for stocks — many investors are eager to protect their gains or to find more appealing investments, like emerging markets and corporate bonds, outside the American stock market.

“There’s no reason to be a hog,” said Rich Robben, interim chief investment officer of the Kentucky Retirement Systems, which manages more than $17 billion in the state’s retirement and insurance funds. “We’ve all eaten at the public equity trough very well for 10 years now. And we felt it was just time to reduce that exposure a bit.”

Mr. Robben said his pension fund, which pays benefits to more than 100,000 retired state and county workers, has been cutting its stake in the domestic stock market for 18 months.

Such prudence paid off late last year, when concerns about a sluggish global economy, rising interest rates and slowing corporate profits hit the market. The S&P 500 fell 14 percent in the fourth quarter, and 9 percent in December alone. That was the worst monthly performance since February 2009, and badly shook investor confidence.

Since the worst of the sell-off, on Dec. 24, the S&P 500 is up roughly 19 percent. But data show that many investors remain nervous: In every week this year, money has flowed out of domestic stock market mutual funds and exchange-traded funds — as much as $15 billion in the last week of January, according to EPFR Global, which tracks flows into and out of funds. These investors, overwhelmingly individuals, have moved money into bonds and cash.

Henry Crutcher has missed a bit of the rebound. Mr. Crutcher, a 44-year-old software company owner in Atlanta, saw December’s crack in the stock market as a buying opportunity and moved roughly 10 percent of his portfolio from cash into a Russell 2000 exchange-traded fund. After enjoying a couple weeks of rising stock prices, he sold it, missing much of the roughly 10 percent of additional gains that have come since mid-January.

“Right now I’m partially invested,” Mr. Crutcher said. “I’m not totally sitting on the sidelines. But I’m more on the sidelines than I think I should be.”

Survey data suggests portfolio managers at many mutual funds and hedge funds have also been skittish about chasing the market higher.

See also  Have The Social Media Companies Become Way Too Powerful?
See also  Jeremy Grantham calling it a bubble yet again. Thinks it will burst in a few months.

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Bond Trust Finance

This notice is issued by the Financial Supervision Commission (“the Commission”) in accordance with the powers conferred upon it under Section 22 of the Financial Supervision Act 1988.

Bond Trust Finance

The Commission has recently become aware of the above entity which appears to claim to have a connection to the Isle of Man.

The above entity is not a company incorporated within the jurisdiction of the Isle of Man. It is not registered as a foreign company having established a place of business on the Isle of Man. It is not registered as business name on the Isle of Man.

The above entity is not licensed by the Commission to undertake any regulated activities in, on or from the Isle of Man.

A list of all institutions licensed by the Commission is available on our website at

The Commission has established no genuine links between the above entity and the Isle of Man.

On 21 March 2006 the Commission issued a public notice in relation to an entity with a similar name to the above – namely Bond Finance Services.

This public notice can be found at:

Under the circumstances, the Commission would strongly urge persons considering dealing with the above entity to exercise the greatest possible caution before proceeding, bearing in mind the contents of this public notice.

Any persons who are already involved in any dealings with the above entity and who have concerns should contact the Enforcement Division on +44 1624 689314 or by email to

FSC Reference: CD/05/2007


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Vacation Rentals Services

IPC Vacation Rentals is your best resource for information about vacation rentals in Netanya, Israel.

IPC Vacation Rentals offers spacious vacation rental homes that range from 2 bedrooms to 4 bedrooms and various features such as swimming pools, fitness rooms and sea views. We have plenty of comfortable, professionally cleaned, professionally managed accommodations.

SEARCH and INQUIRE ONLINE It’s fast AND easy! Check availability, browse our selections, and reserve one of our fantastic vacation rental homes with the special features you want for a memorable holiday in Israel.

Make your vacation a true holiday and order housekeeping services during your stay. We can send a housekeeper to your vacation rental home for a minimum of 3 hours. If you would like housekeeping services, please contact IPC Vacation Rentals and let us know the dates that you would like a housekeeper to come to your vacation rental home.

Grocery Shopping

If you would like IPC Vacation Rentals to purchase groceries for you before you arrive, we will be happy to do so. The Grocery bill will be provided to you on arrival. The total of the bill together with an additional service charge is to be paid at check-in in cash.

Home Owners

IPC Vacation Rentals is always looking for new holiday apartments and vacation rental homes to add to our rental portfolio. If you own a home in Israel that you only use for part of the year and would like to maximise your income potential please Contact Us for more information.

Full property management services are provided by Israel Property Care.


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The Volvo Parts
The Volvo Parts Specialists Since 1963 The Volvo Parts, Accessories & Performance Specialists Since 1963
The Volvo Parts, Accessories &
Performance Specialists Since 1963

SS Sport Exhaust - P3 T5 60 Series

IPD - 125773

Sale Price:$729.00
Available to Order
Extended/Unknown ETA
IPD Item Number
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Units Per Car

Product Description

Volvo has certainly become famous (or infamous) for the refined and civil presentation of their vehicles on the road. No one has ever accused Volvo of being overly brash in traffic. This is all well and good for the family soccer team or grocery hauler but some drivers want to put a little more bark in their bite. A little growl in your exhaust to replace the familiar Volvo “whisper whoosh”, or maybe just a little “road music” for that inner gear-head.

Our T5 exhaust kit is beautiful and functional. This 304 stainless system is mandrel bent and hand welded for an impeccable bolt-in fit. The system mounts in the stock locations and will cause no errors or malfunctions to seamlessly preserve your civil drive. The note is pleasant on the street and audible from inside the car. You certainly won’t offend the neighbors with this system, but you may just smile a bit more on that morning commute.

Our catback performance exhaust kit is a direct bolt-on to the stock downpipe. The stock exhaust will require cutting for removal but the catback is a simple 45 minute install with hand tools.

This exhaust kit is supplied with round slash cut tips which directly match models through 2013. These tips do fit later models but may not completely fill the valance openings. Alternative valances with different openings are available from Volvo for most models if desired.

Vehicle Fitment Guide

Shipping Estimate

Product Reviews

Policies, Warranty & FAQ

IPD is the Volvo Parts, Accessories and Performance Specialists Since 1963.

We offer a wide variety of high quality replacement, maintenance and restoration car parts plus our own line of heavy duty and performance products. Our custom built online parts catalog features Genuine, OE, OES, OEM, Aftermarket and IPD branded replacement auto parts.

Combine our unmatched 50+ year reputation with our outstanding customer service team and you can be confident we'll be here to serve your Volvo needs long in to the future. Not many others can match our knowledge and dedication to providing the very best customer service in the market. We have a physical location, live customer service agents you can call and extensive inventory so we can ship products to you quickly. Our customer and vehicle first approach means that your experience is our first priority. We have truly hassle-free returns and provide do-it-yourself (DIY) guides and videos for many of our products.

Local: 503.257.7500 | Toll-free: 800.444.6473

Monday-Friday | 8:30 AM to 5:00 PM PST