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Wednesday, December 21, 2011

The New-born

Georges de La Tour
Le Nouveau-né / The New-born
1630 - 1640s
Oil on canvas
76 x 91 cm
Musée des Beaux-Arts, Rennes

One of the most famous works of the Baroque artist, Georges de La Tour, is undoubtedly Le Nouveau-né

It is an ambiguous work. It is not stated if the subject is Mary and the Christ Child with St Anne. But there is more than a suggestion that it is

It was seized in the Revolution in 1794 from the house of a Royalist émigré from Rennes. Hence the lack of definite knowledge as to what it is meant to portray, when it was painted and for whom

It is a deeply tranquil work with the light being provided by an imaginary candle partly hidden by the figure of the servant or is it St Anne ? The artist is most celebrated for his mysterious candle-lit compositions and attracted many less able imitators.

The light shines softly on the head of the infant child almost as if the baby were the source of the illumination

It has been described as a Caravagesque work no doubt because of the chiaroscuro, the light and shadow produced through the setting at night

However the deceptively simple scene is the product of much work and technique which is almost pointilliste: the mother's dress is achieved by minute dots of colour of varying hue, as is the lilac garment of the figure of St Anne/servant.

The gazes of the adult are filled with love and tenderness totally rapt in the miracle of the birth

Through heightened realism. the great attention to detail and the lack of decor depicted in the scene, our attention is firmly fastened on the three figures. The artist`s genius is to endow the humblest figure with religious authority. He is one of the few painters who can convincingly portray and evoke silence

Ambiguity prevails in the picture. The way the mother holds the child is not free from straightforward interpretation. Is there a hint of sadness in her expression ? Is it stretching the point to say that the mother is holding the child in the way of a Pieta ? A prefiguring of a much less happy occasion when her child is place on her lap after being taken down from the Cross ? The scene is timeless not bound by rules of time and place. The work is a meditation rather than a simple genre painting.

Perhaps the following passage from the Pope`s Urbi et Orbi message of last Christmas puts the work into context:

"“The Word became flesh”. The light of this truth is revealed to those who receive it in faith, for it is a mystery of love. Only those who are open to love are enveloped in the light of Christmas. So it was on that night in Bethlehem, and so it is today. The Incarnation of the Son of God is an event which occurred within history, while at the same time transcending history. In the night of the world a new light was kindled, one which lets itself be seen by the simple eyes of faith, by the meek and humble hearts of those who await the Saviour"

A happy Christmas and Good New Year to one and all. Blogging will return in mid January.

Monday, December 19, 2011

A Pastoral in Winter

Jacopo Bassano (Jacopo dal Ponte) (1515-1592)
The Adoration of the Shepherds
Oil on canvas
1.26 m. x 1.00 m
Musée national du château de Fontainebleau, Fontainebleau

Jacopo Bassano (Jacopo dal Ponte) (1515-1592)
The Adoration of the Shepherds
Oil on canvas
112,1 x 72,1 cm
Private collection, loaned to The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston

The depiction of shepherds in art and literature is central to the Art of the Pastoral

Even before the Gospels were written, the motif of the shepherd and his sheep represented a simple uncomplicated life in sharp contrast to a more complicated and less ideal way of life

The pastor and his sheep were and are still idealised.

They represent innocence and purity in a corrupted world.

In On Naïve and Sentimental Poetry, Friedrich Schiller wrote:

"The naive way of thinking can accordingly never be a property of a corrupted man, but rather belongs only to children and childlike-minded men. These latter often act and think naively in the midst of the artificial relations of the great world; they forget out of their own beautiful human nature, that they have to do with a corrupt world, and conduct themselves even in the courts of kings with an ingenuousness and innocence as one finds only in the world of shepherds"

They represent the return to a Golden Age which probably never existed.

Bassano`s treatment of the theme is noteworthy. He treated religious subjects as if they were genre or everyday scenes. His naturalness brings the viewer into the scene. We respond to the scene and the goodness of the characters represented

In The New Testament pastors and their sheep crop up many times. They are singled out as amongst the first to be told about The Incarnation. Christ later in his preaching himself sets them up as exemplars, ideals to be imitated and followed.

Shepherds are seen as honest simple plain dealing men, used to hard work, totally and selflessly devoted to their cures.

That is why the latest reports from the Church in Holland are so painful and a matter of deep shame even to those outside Holland who have never had any contact with the Church in Holland.

Geoffrey Chaucer put the matter pithily and beyond answer in The General Prologue:

"And shame it is, if a prest take keep,

A shiten shepherde and a clene sheep."

Sunday, December 18, 2011

Mantegna: The Nativity and the Incarnation

Andrea Mantegna (1431 - 1506)
The Baby Jesus in a Manger
Miniature on parchment
27,3 cm x 28,3 cm
Ms. Lat. IX, 1 (3496), c. 133v
Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, Venice

Andrea Mantegna (1431 - 1506)
The Adoration of the Shepherds
c. 1455-1456
Part of the polyptych of San Zeno of Verona
Wood transposed onto canvas
40 cm x 55,6 cm
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Andrea Mantegna (1431 - 1506)
Madonna and Child with Seraphim and Cherubim
ca. 1460
Tempera and gold on wood
Arched top, 17 3/8 x 11 1/4 in. (44.1 x 28.6 cm)
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Andrea Mantegna (1431 - 1506)
The Holy Family with Saints Elizabeth and John the Baptist
c. 1500 - 05
Oil on canvas
62,9 cm x 51,3 cm
The Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas

Andrea Mantegna (1431 - 1506)
THe Holy Family with the Family of St John the Baptist
c. 1500
Oil on canvas
40 cm x 169 cm
Basilica di Sant'Andrea, Mantua (Mantova)

Andrea Mantegna (1431 - 1506)
The Adoration of the Magi
c. 1495 - 1500
Oil on canvas
54,6 cm x 70,7 cm
The J.P. Getty Museum, Los Angeles

Andrea Mantegna (1431 - 1506)
The Adoration of the Magi
Tempera on wood
86 x 162 cm
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

Andrea Mantegna (1431 - 1506)
Presentation in the Temple
c. 1460
Tempera on cloth
67 x 86 cm
Staatliche Museen, Berlin

Andrea Mantegna (1431 - 1506)
Madonna with Sleeping Child
Tempera on canvas
43 x 32 cm
Staatliche Museen, Berlin

"For today [Christmas] the Maker of the world was born of a Virgin's womb, and He, who made all natures, became Son of her, whom He created.

Today the Word of God appeared clothed in flesh, and That which had never been visible to human eyes began to be tangible to our hands as well.

Today the shepherds learned from angels' voices that the Saviour was born in the substance of our flesh and soul; and today the form of the Gospel message was pre-arranged by the leaders of the Lord's flocks , so that we too may say with the army of the heavenly host: Glory in the highest to God, and on earth peace to men of good will. ...

[Y]et today's festival renews for us the holy childhood of Jesus born of the Virgin Mary: and in adoring the birth of our Saviour, we find we are celebrating the commencement of our own life.

For the birth of Christ is the source of life for Christian folk, and the birthday of the Head is the birthday of the body.

Although every individual that is called has his own order, and all the sons of the Church are separated from one another by intervals of time, yet as the entire body of the faithful being born in the font of baptism is crucified with Christ in His passion, raised again in His resurrection, and placed at the Father's right hand in His ascension, so with Him are they born in this nativity

"In a great number of works of art, Jesus Christ - he for whom, according to Saint Peter, everything was created and in whom everything subsists - appears as a baby.

The paradox of a God incarnate, and therefore also of a God as a newborn or as a little child, is represented in all of those cloths, frescoes, mosaics or sculptures, which during many centuries of Christian art have attempted to depict the infancy of the Son of God.

While it is the case that the Gospels recount little about the first years of the life of the Redeemer, the artists have always tried to use their imaginations to remedy this poverty of details, and the patrimony of depiction's where Jesus is portrayed as a baby is very vast.

Many episodes of the infancy of Christ have been translated in visual language: the Nativity, the Adoration of the shepherds, the Adoration of the Magi, the Presentation at the Temple and the Circumcision of Jesus, the Escape to Egypt, Jesus and the Doctors. And that is aside from all of the representations of with the Sacred Family or the Madonna with Child ...

Many sacred writers, in reality, have meditated on the extraordinary fact that the Word, come from the Father, as the perfect God and not susceptible to any development or growth, had made himself similar to us, and therefore child, made to grow in the body and the intelligence, from the first steps of childhood, slowly towards maturity. The artists contemplated this enigma even more than the theologians. "

(Alessandro Scafi, Christ in the World of Art )

Saturday, December 17, 2011

Nativity with Saints

Pietro di Francesco Orioli (c 1458 – 1496)
The Nativity with Saints
From The Nativity with Saints Altarpiece
c. 1485 - 95
Tempera on wood
187.5 x 155 cm
The National Gallery, London

I have written about Pietro Orioli before.

Orioli was a pupil of Matteo di Giovanni, though he also worked with the multi-talented Francesco di Giorgio. He is thought to have been independently active from the 1480s; his first documented work

The images above are from a work in The National Gallery in London which is only available for viewing once a week (Wednesday)

The work comes from the little chapel of Cerreto Ciampoli, in the Val-d'Arbia part of the Province of Siena. It was part of an altarpiece

In this Nativity scene we see the Virgin and Child with Saint Joseph, God the Father between two angels, John the Baptist, Saint Stephen and possibly a shepherd, Saints Jerome and Nicholas

For the altarpiece see below

THe original Siennese carpentry is still extant

Orioli is known from documents to have been particularly devout

Many experts have commented on the influence on the Siennese artist by the Dominicans, Savonarola and Botticelli

For more information about the artist see the website of the Basilica dell` Osservanza in Siena where the artist is buried

Friday, December 16, 2011

Blessed Hildegard of Bingen

It is reported that Blessed Hildegard of Bingen (1097/8-1179) will be made a Saint and then a Doctor of the Church in October 2012, nearly 1000 years after her death

One of the main reasons for the survival of the writings of Blessed Hildegard has been the The Wiesbaden Codex (“Riesencodex“: "giant codex", or “chain codex”) now in the Landesbibliothek Wiesbaden in Wiesbaden, Germany

It is a “definitive edition” of Hildegard’s writings probably finished during her lifetime (i.e., before 1179) or shortly after,

She had knowledge of the project and it involved five or six scribes in her monastery,

Part of Manuscript of Scivias by Hildegard of Bingen in The Wiesbaden ("Giant") Codex
c. 1175/1190
46 x 30 cm
Landesbibliothek Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany

Shortly after this manuscript other manuscripts were produced including this one of Scivias in the University of Heidelberg dating from about 1190 -1220 (Cod. Sal. X,16, Hildegard von Bingen, Liber Scivias , Zwiefalten und Salem, Ende 12

It has a number of beautiful illustrations. See below

2v Miniatur "Annus"

106r part of Teil III, Vision 1-13

142r part of Teil III, Vision 1-13

167v part of Teil III, Vision 1-13

177r part of Teil III, Vision 1-13

Wednesday, December 14, 2011

The Seven Joys of Mary

Hans Memling (1435-1494)
The Seven Joys of Mary
Oil on oak wood panel
81.3 x 189.2 cm
Alte Pinakothek, Bayerische Staatsgemäldesammlungen, Munich

There is some dispute about this picture. Not about the artist which is quite beyond doubt. It is about the title and what it is meant to depict.

The old title was and is The Seven Joys of Mary. These "Joys" do not coincide with the Five Joyful Mysteries of the Rosary

The seven joys are usually listed as: The Annunciation, The Nativity of Jesus, The Adoration of the Magi, The Resurrection of Christ, The Ascension of Christ to Heaven, The Pentecost or Descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles and Mary, and The Coronation of the Virgin in Heaven. There are variants. It was a common theme in medieval devotional painting and literature

The events depicted in Memling`s work all have a Marian joyful theme: the Annunciation, the Nativity, the Visit of the Three Wise Men, the escape from the Massacre of the Innocents (and presumably The Flight into Egypt), the Resurrection of Jesus with the appearances of Christ after the Resurrection, Pentecost, the Death and Assumption of Mary

Others have interpreted Memling`s work as The Advent and Triumph of Christ, the story of the Salvation through the Incarnation and the Resurrection. But if that was the case one wonders where are, for example,the depictions of the Baptism of Christ, the Institution of the Eucharist, the Passion and the Crucifixion,

Another title given to the work is The Panorama of the Epiphany. Again that seems to restrict the themes in the painting and undermine or deny the role of Mary in the work.

The Munich Gallery still refers to Memling`s picture as "The Seven Joys of Mary". To deny that the thread to all the images depicted is Mary is to perhaps ignore the obvious.

THe use of the old title is reinforced by the fact that the work was commissioned for the Tanner's Guild Chapel in the Church of Our Lady in Bruges

The donor, Pieter Bultync, is depicted in the painting on the left with his sons, and his wife Katharina van Riebeke is on the right.

One does wonder why some people have denied or continue to deny the obvious theme of the painting

Which leads us on to consider the word "Joy". Especially as last Sunday was "Gaudete Sunday"

The Pope took the proper meaning of the word "Joy" as his theme for last Sunday`s Angelus

Is "joy" different from "happiness"? The French seem to use two words: "joie" and "bonheur". English has two words too: "joy" and "happiness" but the words seem to be used interchangeably

The essence of true "joy" according to the Pope seems to be that it is permanent and not temporary, and that it does not derive by our own acts but from a divine source:

"True joy is not a mere passing state of soul, nor something that is achieved by our own power but is a gift; it is born from the encounter with the living person of Jesus, from making space for him in us, from welcoming the Holy Spirit who guides our life."

One does not readily associate the latter years of Pope Paul VI with Joy. He became very ill, anxious and frail. Yet in 1975 he wrote and published an Apostolic Exhortation Gaudete in Domino (Rejoice in the Lord), all devoted to an exposition to the theme of Christian Joy

In quite a prophetic passage which Pope Benedict seemed to echo in his Sunday Angelus, Pope Paul VI wrote:

"When he awakens to the world, does not man feel, in addition to the natural desire to understand and take possession of it, the desire to find within it his fulfillment and happiness?

As everyone knows, there are several degrees of this "happiness." Its most noble expression is joy, or "happiness" in the strict sense, when man, on the level of his higher faculties, finds his peace and satisfaction in the possession of a known and loved good.

Thus, man experiences joy when he finds himself in harmony with nature, and especially in the encounter, sharing and communion with other people. All the more does he know spiritual joy or happiness when his spirit enters into possession of God, known and loved as the supreme and immutable good.

Poets, artists, thinkers, but also ordinary men and women, simply disposed to a certain inner light, have been able and still are able, in the times before Christ and in our own time and among us, to experience something of the joy of God.

But how can we ignore the additional fact that joy is always imperfect, fragile and threatened?

By a strange paradox, the consciousness of that which, beyond all passing pleasure, would constitute true happiness, also includes the certainty that there is no perfect happiness. The experience of finiteness, felt by each generation in its turn, obliges one to acknowledge and to plumb the immense gap that always exists between reality and the desire for the infinite.

This paradox, and this difficulty in attaining joy, seem to us particularly acute today. This is the reason for our message.

Technological society has succeeded in multiplying the opportunities for pleasure, but it has great difficulty in generating joy. For joy comes from another source. It is spiritual.

Money, comfort, hygiene and material security are often not lacking; and yet boredom, depression and sadness unhappily remain the lot of many. These feelings sometimes go as far as anguish and despair, which apparent carefreeness, the frenzies of present good fortune and artificial paradises cannot assuage.

Do people perhaps feel helpless to dominate industrial progress, to plan society in a human way? Does the future perhaps seem too uncertain, human life too threatened? Or is it not perhaps a matter of loneliness, of an unsatisfied thirst for love and for someone's presence, of an ill-defined emptiness? On the contrary, in many regions and sometimes in our midst, the sum of physical and moral sufferings weighs heavily: so many starving people, so many victims of fruitless combats, so many people torn from their homes! These miseries are perhaps not deeper than those of the past but they have taken on a worldwide dimension. They are better known, reported by the mass media—at least as much as the events of good fortune—and they overwhelm people's minds. Often there seems to be no adequate human solution to them."

And so back to the painting.

What the artist has depicted is Mary`s encounters with God: God the Father and the Holy Spirit at the Annunciation, the pregnancy and life with her Son, and the reception by her of The Holy Spirit at Pentecost and then her encounter with the Trinity. A life filled with Grace and by act of Divine Grace

One of the poorest of the poor, fragile and threatened by outside human forces, challenged by the vicissitudes and turmoils, she was and is triumphant filled with holy and everlasting Joy and forever in union with with The Trinity through Her Son.

Pope Paul VI perhaps summed it up best and completely in his Apostolic Exhortation, at a time when after The Second Vatican Council some thought that Mary was being "written out" of the Catholic Church:

"She [Mary], accepting the announcement from on high, the Servant of the Lord, Spouse of the Spirit and Mother of the Eternal Son, manifests her joy before her cousin Elizabeth who celebrates her faith:

"My soul magnifies the Lord, and my spirit rejoices in God my Savior...henceforth all generations will call me blessed."

She has grasped, better than all other creatures, that God accomplishes wonderful things: His name is holy, He shows His mercy, He raises up the humble, He is faithful to His promises.

Not that the apparent course of her life in any way departs from the ordinary, but she meditates on the least signs of God, pondering them in her heart.

Not that she is in any way spared sufferings: she stands, the mother of sorrows, at the foot of the cross, associated in an eminent way with the sacrifice of the innocent Servant.

But she is also open in an unlimited degree to the joy of the resurrection; and she is also taken up, body and soul, into the glory of heaven.

The first of the redeemed, immaculate from the moment of her conception, the incomparable dwelling-place of the Spirit, the pure abode of the Redeemer of mankind, she is at the same time the beloved Daughter of God and, in Christ, the Mother of all.

She is the perfect model of the Church both on earth and in glory. What a marvelous echo the prophetic words about the new Jerusalem find in her wonderful existence as the Virgin of Israel:

"I will greatly rejoice in the Lord, my soul shall exult in my God; for he has clothed me with the garment of salvation, he has covered me with the robe of righteousness, as a bridegroom decks himself with a garland and as a bride adorns herself with her jewels."

With Christ, she sums up in herself all joys; she lives the perfect joy promised to the Church: Mater plena sanctae laetitiae. And it is with good reason that her children on earth, turning to her who is the mother of hope and of grace, invoke her as the cause of their joy: Causa nostrae laetitiae."

Sunday, December 11, 2011

A Celebration of Poverty

Guido Reni 1575 - 1642
The Adoration of the Shepherds
About 1640
Oil on canvas
480 x 321 cm
The National Gallery, London

This work was possibly commissioned by Prince Karl Eusebius of Lichtenstein (who died in 1684).

The National Gallery acquired it from the Prince`s descendants in 1957.

Before the acquisition, some of the Trustees went to Vaduz to see it. It was in a very dark room. It was decided to take the painting outside. Unfortunately the wind took hold of it and it smashed into a fencepost. The post left a huge hole in the painting next to the head of one of the shepherds.

The National Gallery continued with the purchase no doubt on the well known retail concept of "If you break it, you own it"

After it was repaired the huge work stayed in the same room in the Gallery for nearly fifty years before it went to be restored. It is back after a period of three years in the National Gallery`s "backshop".

It is a late work of Reni`s and probably many of Reni`s assistants were involved in the actual production of the work.

On or about the same time Reni also was commissioned to carry out the same work for the Charterhouse of Saint Martin in Naples. It is still there. (See below)

Guido Reni 1575 - 1642
The Adoration of the Shepherds
About 1641
Oil on canvas
485 x 350 cm
Certosa e Museo di San Martino, Naples

It is a classic Nativity scene. Perhaps we are inured to its theme

Years ago, images of such scenes were extremely common especially on Christmas cards. Now such images are much fewer and have to compete with "secular" Christmas cards with no Christian symbols.

In many ways it is quite understandable. The image is counter-cultural to say the least.

In a season now dedicated to conspicuous consumption and self-indulgence, it is almmost a crime to be poor. It is not good marketing therefore to put traditional images to the fore and to bring to customers` minds the uncomfortable idea of poverty.

Yet what Reni depicts is a scene of great poverty and simplicity. It is being glorified. It is being celebrated.

There is absolutely no doubt that the second person of the Trinity chose to be born to a family and setting of great poverty.

At the Presentation at the Temple of Jerusalem when Mary and Joseph brought their first born son to be redeemed, they did not bring a lamb and a turtledove for sacrifice but the poor person`s option: a pair of turtledoves, or two young pigeons (See: Luke 2:22-40 and Leviticus 12)

Pope Benedict XVI discussed this on 1st January 2009 in his Homily in which he referred to his Message for the World Day of Peace entitled: "Fighting poverty to build peace"

"I believe that the Virgin Mary must have asked herself this question several times: why did Jesus choose to be born of a simple, humble girl like me? And then, why did he want to come into the world in a stable and have his first visit from the shepherds of Bethlehem?

Mary received her answer in full at the end, having laid in the tomb the Body of Jesus, dead and wrapped in a linen shroud (cf. Lk 23: 53). She must then have fully understood the mystery of the poverty of God.

She understood that God made himself poor for our sake, to enrich us with his poverty full of love, to urge us to impede the insatiable greed that sparks conflicts and divisions, to invite us to moderate the mania to possess and thus to be open to reciprocal sharing and acceptance."

Saturday, December 10, 2011

Science and Religion

From Aristotle`s Ethics: Science, Art, Wisdom and Listening
15th century Manuscript
34.5 x 25 cm
Musée Condé, Chantilly

The Faraday Institute for Science and Religion is an interdisciplinary research enterprise based at St Edmund's College, Cambridge. In addition to academic research, the Institute engages in the public understanding of science and religion

Amongst the fascinating lectures available in podcast form are those on Astronomy and Biblical events.

Professor Sir Colin Humphreys is Director of Research in the Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy at the University of Cambridge and has delivered a number of lectures on the following topics:

They are interesting as the Professor demonstrates how Science can come to the aid of upholding the historicity of Jesus and events narrated in Scripture.

There are also many lectures by John Charlton Polkinghorne KBE FRS (born 16 October 1930). He is an English theoretical physicist, theologian, writer, and Anglican priest. He was professor of Mathematical physics at the University of Cambridge from 1968 to 1979

Some of his lectures include:

Thursday, December 08, 2011

Crivelli and the Madonna and Child

Carlo Crivelli 1430/35 - 1495
Virgin and Child
c. 1480
Tempera on panel, 49 x 34 cm
Victoria and Albert Museum, London

Carlo Crivelli 1430/35 - 1495
Madonna and Child
c. 1480
Tempera and gold on wood, 37.8 x 25.4 cm
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Crivelli specialised in exquisite devotional paintings of the Madonna and Child

Here are two examples: one in The Victoria and Albert Museum in London known as "The Jones Madonna" (after the donor of the work to the V and A), and the other in The Metropolitan Museum in New York. Both were meant probably as private devotional paintings.

They are intricate works full of devotional symbolism which probably for the modern taste are perhaps slightly overbearing.

With the pre-Raphelites, Crivelli`s reputation increased and then fell again. Now there is a recrudescence of interest in the artist.

The apple is the symbol of Death which arose from the eating of the apple in the Garden of Eden.

The gourd is the symbol of recovery and redemption, of Resurrection deriving from the experiences of Jonah.

The fly is associated with Satan, the great Tempter. The fly is bearer of evil or pestilence, a symbol of sin

The goldfinch is associated with the Passion and Christ's Crown of Thorns because the bird feeds among thorns. One recalls Raphael’s painting, “Madonna of the Goldfinch,” again showing an Infant Jesus lovingly stroking a goldfinch.

THe fly and the goldfinch were often shown together as the goldfinch is the eater of flies, a saviour against disease harboured by the fly

The commentary by the Victoria and Albert on its work is masterly and worth reading in full.

Here is what the Museum says about the symbolism in the work in the V and A:

"[T]he painting shows the Virgin's half-length figure standing before a parapet holding the Child against her.

Behind her is a dark red embroidered dossal, across which hangs a swag of fruits with figs and peaches. Reminiscent of Mantegna's art, these are not only depicted for decorative purposes but enhance the devotional significance of the image. They enclose Christian symbolical meanings and relate to the story of Christ: Redemption (peach) and Fertility (fig).

Behind the dossal or cloth of honour is a bird-view of a hilly landscape showing on the left flourishing trees and on the right an isolated leafless tree. Again, trees are symbolically important in the religious iconography and act as a link between the sky, the earth and hell.

As flourishing, they allude to the regeneration whereas leafless trees stand for a prediction of death.

Furthermore, the leafless tree, an important feature in Veneto-Paduan devotional art of the 1450s (Lightbown, 2004), may allude to the Tree of Knowledge which is believed to have survived under this form in the Earthly Paradise. This bare tree already appeared in the early Bergamo Madonna and in other compositions by Mantegna and Schiavone (see Mantegna, Agony in the Garden (1460) and Schiavone's Madonna, (late 1450s) both in The National Gallery, London).

Symbols for life and death pervade the composition, which structure reiterates this idea with the parapet, cracked all'antica, which is sometimes interpreted as an altar, alluding thus to the coming sacrifice of Christ.

On the parapet are two more symbolic flowers: the pink or carnation which relates since the Middle Ages to the Passion of Christ while violets are Marian flowers enhancing her humility and purity.

These floral symbols are counterbalanced by the fly on the parapet far right, which represents evil and justify somehow the coming sacrifice of Christ for the redemption of mankind.

Small devotional pictures of this kind were made to solicit prayers and meditation from the believer who was supposed to look at it.

This is the purpose of the symbolical fruits which act as reminders of the religious credo and the reason why the Virgin and the Child are looking in two different directions so as to embrace the whole family kneeling before them"

Here is what seems to be the prototype of the Metropolitan work once situated in the Church of San Francesco in Alto in Ancona and now hanging in the city gallery in Ancona

Carlo Crivelli 1430/35 - 1495
Madonna and Child
Tempera on panel
21 cm x 15,5 cm
Pinacoteca Civica, Ancona

Here is another on the same theme which is in a private collection

Carlo Crivelli 1430/35 - 1495
The Madonna and Child at a marble parapet, an apple and a gourd hanging from a niche behind
1490 - 3
Tempera on panel
61.3 x 44 cm
Private collection

Wednesday, December 07, 2011

A Treasure of San Silvestro

Paolo Veronese (aka Paolo Caliari) 1528 - 1588
The Adoration of the Kings
Oil on canvas
355.6 x 320 cm
The National Gallery, London

Veronese painted this beautiful work in 1573 for the Church of San Silvestro in Venice. There it remained against a wall of the nave beside a chapel of the Confraternity of St Joseph until the middle of the nineteenth century.

When the church was remodelled in the mid 19th century, this and some other works were sold. Purportedly because they were too large for the new setting. Probably simply to raise money for the refurbishment and to replace them with some nineteenth century works.

First it was crated up and brought to Paris where it was to be offered to Baron James Rothschild. However he sold it on and The National Gallery acquired it in 1855 for the princely sum of £1,977 (now £135,000 using RPI to £1,180,000.00 using average earnings) plus £2 2s. 2d. for carriage from Paris

The purchase of the painting did cause some controvery. Questions were asked in "the House".

§ MR. OTWAY said, he begged to ask the hon. Gentleman the Secretary of the Treasury if it was true that £1,977 had been paid for the picture of "The Adoration of the Magi," recently placed in the National Gallery, and whether that sum included all the expenses occasioned to the country by the acquisition of that picture; by whose recommendation the picture had been purchased, and on what authority it was stated to be painted by Paolo Veronese?

§ MR. WILSON, in reply said, that £1,977 was the whole sum which this picture would cost, with the exception of £2 2s. 2d. paid for its carriage from Paris. All other expenses were paid by the seller. The purchase of the picture was recommended solely by the director of the National Gallery, but was acquiesced in and decided upon by the trustees. Whatever difference of opinion there might be as to the value of the picture, there could, he thought, be none as to its authenticity, for it stood in the position of being, perhaps, the best authenticated picture of the kind in the world. In Venice, where the picture had remained from the time of its being painted up to a very recent date, it was well known to have been the production of Paolo Veronese; and besides that, it was mentioned as his work and as belonging to the church from which it had been taken, in a book which was published in 1581, eight years after the date at which it was painted, and seven years before the death of the artist. In the British Museum there was a print of the picture, which was engraved in the year 1649."

Modern art experts and authorities now consider that perhaps Veronese himself was only responsible for the Virgin and Child. It would seem that it may be that the Virgin and Child together with the rest may have been painted by the followers of Jacopo Bassano.

Veronese also executed a number of variations of the same basic composition, for example showing the foremost wise man kissing Christ's foot

His studio and followers also used the same or a similar composition.

One does wonder who came off best: the church in Venice or the British taxpayer ?


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Rules of Thumb for Reopening

Part 1: Testing = Control

Widespread testing is essential in understanding the extent of covid-19, in predicting peaks in contagion, and in anticipating where the next hotspots will emerge; this information is critical in making decisions around deploying resources and preparing for surges in the health system. However, this is just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the benefits of testing. The real potency of testing is not just in information, but in control.

One of the challenges with this virus is that a large number of carriers are “hidden” i.e. a significant fraction of the population is contagious but asymptomatic. Therefore we need strategies to deal with scenarios in which the agents spreading the disease may be unknown. To illustrate the power of testing in this context, imagine that you are an omniscient entity who has perfect knowledge of which of your citizens is infected and which are not. If you are a benevolent entity, you can easily shut down the spread of any virus by isolating people the instant they become infected. The reality is that we do not have perfect knowledge of who has the disease, but the more information we have, the closer we can come to the Benevolent Entity Solution (BES).

In the following, we will use a simple model to estimate the benefits of testing relative to other control strategies and quantify how close we can come to the BES. First, we note that the rate at which the virus spreads is proportional to the number of infected people who are wandering around the community (i.e. not isolated) as illustrated by the purple box in the figure below. In order to control the spread of the disease we need to limit the number of people in that box; the levers we have to control that number fall into two categories: 1) slow down the rate of people entering the box (via social distancing, improved hygiene, wearing masks, etc.) or 2) speed up the rate at which we remove people from that population (via testing + isolation).

A great deal of our collective societal efforts (particularly in the US) have focused on the first strategy, i.e. practicing social distancing to reduce R0 (the average number of people infected by one contagious person during the time of their infection). Here instead the emphasis will be on the second strategy i.e. isolating people form the community while they are contagious.

In order to roughly quantify this notion, consider a simple mean field approach to emulate the spread of the disease. In this representation, people move from box to box (in the figure above) as follows. For each day of the simulation:

  • For every infected person who is not quarantined, randomly select N other people. For each of those people who are susceptible, roll a dice and they become infected with probability R0/(TRN); here TR represents the average recovery time in days e.g. ~ 20 days for covid-19.
  • When a person first becomes infected, they are asymptomatic (i.e. they move into the purple box).
  • From the purple box, there are three options:
    • Roll a dice and with probability 1/TR the person recovers.
    • Roll a dice and with probability Sy/TR they become symptomatic where Sy is the fraction of the infected population that develops symptoms; symptomatic people are immediately quarantined.
    • Roll a dice and with probability TF they are tested; the test will reveal the infection and they are immediately quarantined.

What does testing buy us?

This mean field approach suggests a simple strategy borrowed from queuing theory to estimate the value of testing in controlling the spread of the virus. Essentially we need to balance (or reduce) the net number of people entering the purple box:

R0 / TR ≤ TF + 1 / TR + SY / TR.

The collapse of the data from the mean field model, rescaled using this relationship is shown in the plot below; color represents different values of RT (14 [purple], 21 [orange], and 28 [teal] days); shape represents different values of R0 (2, 3, 4, 5, 6).

Scaled queue model

At a practical level, this balance provides a measure of the value of testing relative to other mitigation strategies. Rearranging and considering a parameter regime where TFTR >> 1 + Sy, yields the simple heuristic relationship:

R0 / TFTR ≤ 1

which provides a rough estimate of the direct trade-off between social distancing and testing — namely increasing testing (increasing TF) allows for less stringent social distancing requirements (increasing R0) without violating the inequality (i.e. keeping the spread of the virus contained).

For further details please contact: Munzer Dahleh, Peko Hosoi, Dalton Jones

© MIT Institute for Data, Systems, and Society | 77 Massachusetts Avenue | Cambridge, MA 02139-4307 | 617-253-1764 |

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After the Short Talk: Speaking Part 3

July 12, 2017 by Andrea Castro

 If you’ve read our previous posts on the IELTS Speaking test, you probably have a good understanding of the Speaking test overall. You’re probably aware that the Speaking test takes the form of a one-to-one interview and that it is divided into three parts:

  • Part 1: Introduction and interview
  • Part 2: Long turn
  • Part 3: Two-way discussion

You may have also come across posts focusing on specific parts of the Speaking test, such as Did You Say 2 minutes? Planning and Delivering a Short Talk During Your Speaking Test, which examines Speaking Part 2, also known as the ‘long turn’. As part of a series of posts on the different parts of the Speaking test, today we’ll be looking at Speaking Part 3 in more detail and will discuss the best ways to approach the last (but not least) part of the Speaking exam.

An Overview on Speaking Part 3

Speaking Part 3 takes 4-5 minutes. In this part, you will be asked more abstract and analytical questions related to the topic introduced in Part 2. The examiner will ask you a variety of questions designed to give you an opportunity to discuss the topic in a more general way and, where appropriate, they will encourage you to discuss the issues in greater depth.

Given that this part of the interview is a two-way discussion, Part 3 allows for more flexibility in terms of examiner-candidate interaction. This means that examiners can ask follow-up questions and can clarify what has been asked when necessary.

Understanding Part 3 Questions

Imagine the examiner has asked you the following question after a Part 2 talk about something that is valuable to you. Take a minute to think of a possible answer.

‘What kind of things give status to people in your country?’

As you may have realized, the answer to this question is significantly different to a reply from a question in Part 1, such as ‘Tell me about the kind of accommodation you live in.’ While Part 1 deals with simple and straightforward questions about yourself and about familiar topics, in Part 3 you’re expected to shift your focus away from yourself.

Due to the nature of the questions asked in Part 3, this is where you can demonstrate range and control of language, your ability to express abstract ideas and to support your opinions effectively. Because you will be expected and encouraged to discuss the questions in Part 3 more fully, you should aim to give longer replies than you did to the Part 1 questions, while exploring the issue(s) discussed.

Exploring the Theme: Common Approaches

Even strong candidates can lose marks if they're not prepared to provide long, discursive answers in Part 3. To achieve this, there are a variety of useful approaches to consider when discussing the Part 3 topics:

  • Expressing Your Opinion

Even though Part 3 questions are no longer about yourself, it's important that you express your own opinions during the discussion. Make sure you can give reasons for your opinions, which in turn will help you give a more extended and supported answer.

The table below presents some of the phrases you can use to introduce your opinion and to then give reasons for that view.

Introducing your opinion

Giving reasons

  • “In my view…”
  • “In my opinion…”
  • “I think/believe that…”
  • “It seems to me that…”
  • “This is because..”
  • “This is due to (the fact that)…”
  • “One reason is…”
  • “For one thing…”

  • Giving Two Sides of an Argument

Generally, when you consider opposing arguments, you strengthen your own point of view. For example, in the question ‘Do you think advertising influences what people buy?’, you may decide to focus exclusively on whether you agree or disagree with the statement. However, if you choose to consider why some people think advertising influences what people buy and why others think it doesn’t, followed by your own opinion, your argument will be better supported. Moreover, discussing both sides of the argument will allow you to explore the topic further, hence giving a fuller answer.

Some of the phrases you can use to give two sides of an argument are the following:

  • “While some people may think that…, others/I believe that…”
  • “It is true that…, but on the other hand…”
  • “Some people think that… However,…”

  • Speculating

While the examiner may ask you to talk about the future and consider possibilities, speculating is an approach that you can try whenever you consider appropriate. Speculating can help you to give a more elaborate response, even when you have no experience or strong views on the topic. For this, you can use phrases such as the following:

  • “I suppose…”
  • “I would imagine that…”
  • “I’d say…”

During the interview, listen carefully to each question and take a few seconds to think about what you are being asked to do: give an explanation, compare, speculate, etc. If necessary, rephrase the question in your mind, so that you know what the examiner expects. And remember, no matter how many ideas you have on the topic, make sure you can support and justify your opinions. Stay focused and enjoy the discussion!

Andrea is an experienced English teacher who has worked since 2009 in Costa Rica, Dubai and now Canada. When not working for IELTS, she spends her time with her little girl and her two canine siblings.

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Irish Family History Society

Connecting People With Their Irish Roots

AGM 2021

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Finding your Ancestors in Kerry

Finding your Ancestors in Kerry Kay Caball ISBN 978-1-907990-08-3 €13.00 Pages 160 Published by Flyleaf Press Dublin This is another family history research guide in

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RootsTech 2022

RootsTech 2022, the annual Genealogy Conference will take place from 3 – 5 March, 2022.  As in 2021, it will be fully virtual and free

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Irish Family History Society

Connecting People With Their Irish Roots

June 2020 IFHS Update

Hello to all our members from Noel chairperson IFHS and the members of the IFHS committee- Lucinda, Joan, Roy and Dan.

Hope you are keeping well and safe during these unprecedented times. We were sorry not to have our AGM and Lectures on 28th March. There are no plans yet as regards having our November Lecture Day but will let you know at a later stage.

Our News Sheet 1 will be available on the Website by the end of the month. If any member did not receive a copy by email, just let us know. Our News Sheet is compiled by Lucinda and this one has plenty of interesting news as well as a very detailed and comprehensive summary of the presentations at last years’ November Lecture Day.

Joan our Treasurer continues to process all things financial. New members are still joining which is very positive. Membership runs from 1St January to 31st December each year.

Roy, our Journal Editor continues to look for articles for the 2020 Journal. All Articles should be submitted to him by 1st September. Please contact Roy at

Dan, our database wizard, looks after all IT matters, a very necessary role.

If you have any suggestions or comments you would like included on the Website, contact Noel at

All the best to our members from the IFHS Committee.

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Irish Family History Society

Connecting People With Their Irish Roots

Tracing your Westmeath Ancestors

Paperback, 160 pp Price €13
ISBN 978 1 907990 03 85
By Gretta Connell. Published by Flyleaf Press Dublin
Westmeath is often referred to as the “Lake County”. It is a prosperous midland county whose main towns are Athlone and Mullingar. The families of Westmeath are a mix of Gaelic, Norman and others.
Gretta Connell, is a senior Librarian in Westmeath County Library with a special interest in local history and the author of another excellent book in this series. Gretta guides us through the undestanding of Administrative Divisions and the types of records which exist under the various headings of Civil Registration, Censuses and Census Substitutes, Church and Land records, Wills and Newspapers etc. Useful maps and illustrations of records available are included throughout the book.
Review by Mary Beglan, Hon. Editor

Other News

Irish Roots

Published by Irish Roots Media Ltd., Blackrock, Blessington, Co. Wicklow. The Society recently received the second edition of this publication produced by Irish Roots Media

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Tracing your Donegal Ancestors

By Helen Meehan and Godfrey Duffy      ISBN 978-0-9539974-9-7 Published by Flyleaf Press  Price €13 plus p&p   County Donegal is interesting in the fact that it

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Let me store up
in my heart, Lord

all these things
You do

so they can be
a treasure

the whole
year through.

“But Mary treasured all these things and pondered them in her heart.” Luke 2:19 NIV

“Then He returned to Nazareth with them and was obedient to them, and His mother stored all these things in her heart.” Luke 2:51 NLT

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A very Merry and Blessed Christmas to you and yours!

Published in: on December 25, 2019 at 12:54 am  Comments Off on Treasured
Tags: , , , , , , , ,

Store up

As Joseph collected
one fifth of the produce

during the plentiful

so you should store up
My word within you

to shield against all
your fears.

The One who provides during famines is with me.

“Let the Pharaoh do this, and let him appoint officers over the land, to collect one fifth of the produce of the land of Egypt in the seven plentiful years.”

“And let them gather all the food of those good years that are coming, and store up grain under the authority of Pharaoh, and let them keep food in the cities.”

“Then that food will be as a reserve for the land for the seven years of famine which shall be in the land of Egypt, that the land may not perish during the famine.”

Genesis 41:34,35,36. NKJV

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Published in: on September 16, 2019 at 1:00 am  Comments Off on Store up
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On Faith and Writing

A Daughter of the King

Winddog (noun): fragment of a rainbow; Whispers...quiet writing

Living In Hallelujah...

With the GOD of MUCH MORE!

Faith Worked Out

Searching for the heart of the matter.

Broken Believers

Serving Rascals, Clumsy Disciples, and Mentally Ill Believers with the Unconditional Love of Jesus Christ Christ Jesus Ministries

Bringing a message of Hope, Love, and Mercy to the world!

The place where you can find out what Lillie thinks

Another Red Letter Day

"The words that I have spoken to you are spirit and are life." Jesus

Easter And Spring Poetry

Ellen Grace Olinger

Heidi Viars

Taking a closer look

Encouraging others in Christ


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Front the modern people sleep also do not give up the handset lay down, very late at night cannot leave the handset frequently, so long as this section product puts in the handset in the drawer, the alarm clock can open automatically, you do not need to fear oneself forgot supposes the alarm clock, also does not need to fear the handset plays to the electricity alarm clock has not made a sound and so on the questions.If you want to listen to music also to be possible, he is your exclusive sound, so long as rinses music memory Cary, may dial the song which you like, as soon as realized the dawn .

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Living standards or standards of living refer to all the factors that contribute to a person’s well-being and happiness

Measuring Living Standards

  • GDP per head/capita: this measures the average income per person in an economy.
    Real GDP per capita = Real GDP / Population

Merits of using GDP per capita to measure living standards:

  • GDP is a useful measure of the total production taking place in the country, and so indicates the material well-being of the economy
  • it also takes population into consideration, adding emphasis on the goods and services available to individuals
  • since it is calculated on output, is a good indicator of the jobs being created
  • GDP data is readily available so is population data

Limitations of using GDP per capita to measure living standards:

  • it takes no account of what people can buy using their incomes. A country with a high GDP per head may be no better off than a country with a low GDP per head, if there are far fewer products to choose from
  • similarly, GDP doesn’t consider changes in technology that can have a large impact on living standards. People might have had more income in the last decade but they couldn’t benefit from all the technology available today
  • distribution of income is very unequal in reality, so the GDP per head isn’t accurate. Some people might be very rich while others very poor, but the GDP per head will only give the average incomes
  • real GDP excludes the unpaid work people do for charities and voluntary organizations etc. Thus, it understates the total output
  • GDP also doesn’t differentiate between the positive and negative values economies place on different output/expenditure. For example, if the output rises because the sales of tobacco, alcohol or pornographic materials, it might show in the records as a rise in GDP per head but might not actually make people better off. Similarly, GDP might rise if the government has to rebuild after a natural disaster, which doesn’t mean living standards have risen
  • the official GDP figures can be overstated due to technical errors or by political manipulation to look good, and give a wrong picture of living standards
  • this measure doesn’t consider leisure activities, health and education levels, environmental quality- all that determines people’s happiness and well-being
  • in order to effectively compare GDP per head across countries, they need to be converted to a common currency and adjusted for differing purchasing power in different countries
  • comparing GDP per head can also be unreliable as GDP accounting methods can be different for different countries.

  • Human Development Index (HDI): used by the United Nations to compare living standards across the globe, the HDI combines different measures into one to give a HDI value from 0 (lowest) to 1(highest). These are:
    • Income index, measured using the average national income – GNI per head adjusted for differences in exchange rate and prices in different countries (purchasing power parity)
    • Education index, measured by how many years on average, a person aged 25 will have spent on education (mean years of schooling) and how many years a young child entering school can now be expected to spend in education in his entire life (expected years of schooling)
    • Healthcare index: measured by average life expectancy at birth

The benefits of using HDI to measure living standards:

  • it takes into account some major indicators of living standards
  • recognises that it is not just output or income that determines living standards, but also social factors
  • it is a useful method to compare global living standards– it shows clear patterns of living standards
  • it is very useful and reliable measure since its produced by the UN and is thus also widely used and recognised

The limitations of HDI to compare living standards:

    • it combines a set of separate indicators into one, so a country with good literacy rates and living standards but poor life expectancy can have a low HDI value
    • there are wide divergences in HDI within countries
    • GNI per head doesn’t say anything about inequalities in income and wealth within countries
    • it doesn’t consider other factors such as environmental quality, access to safe drinking water, political freedom, crime rates etc. which are also important indicators of living standards
    • the HDI information for all countries may not be available such as war-struck countries where civilisation has been disrupted

In the 2019 HDI index published by the UN, Norway comes first with an HDI index of 0.954 while Niger comes last with an index of just 0.377 owing to very low levels of education and GNI per head. See the full list at

Reasons for differences in living standards and income distribution within and between countries

These have been discussed above in the merits and limitations of using GDP per capita and HDI. More will be discussed in the coming chapters. Some other reasons are discussed below

Difference in living Standards within a country: there can be variations in living standards within a country. An excellent example of this is the high living standards of the Indian state of Kerala (where IGCSE AID is based!) which has a HDI index of 0.779 while the poorest state of Bihar stands at 0.567 (2018).

  • Regional variances in income and consumption
  • Major type of sectors/jobs: manufacturing and services heavy regions will have higher incomes, education and health services compared to agricultural regions
  • Local government provisions of education and health

Difference in living Standards between countries:

  • Productivity of industries: more productive industries yield more output and incomes
  • Major industries: what makes countries like Qatar and Norway achieve some of the world’s highest per capita incomes is that their income comes mostly from petroleum industries that are scare and highly demanded internationally
  • Population: dense population lower per capita income and put pressure on scarce resource
  • Ability of citizens pay taxes: higher tax-base and taxable incomes allow governments to invest in infrastructure and welfare programmes
  • Provision of health and educational facilities
  • Variety of goods/services produced: if citizens can choose from a wide variety of products, living standards rise. Western countries like US enjoy this
  • War, crime and natural disasters: war-struck countries of Asia, the high crime rates of Latin America and frequent natural disasters in island countries, drive down their living standards as they damage infrastructure and put people into hardship

Notes submitted by Lintha

Click here to go to the next topic

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4 thoughts on “5.1 – Living Standards

    1. No problem!! We’re super happy to hear that the notes are helpful!
      We are all, however, women, so ‘sir’ may not be the right word haha

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text:
i-gel® from Intersurgical: clinical evidence listing

A comprehensive list of all known published clinical evidence on the device

Evaluation of four airway training manikins as patient simulators for the insertion of eight types of supraglottic airway devices

Jackson KM, Cook TM. Anaesthesia. 2007 Apr;62(4):388-93

The airway arm of this trial compared devices including i-gel, Cobra, SLIPA and Laryngeal Tube Suction II. Each device was inserted twice into each manikin by ten anaesthetists, with each insertion scored and ranked. No one manikin outranked the others for all devices. i-gel insertion was 'significantly the easiest'.

Link to abstract

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text:
Is exercise good even if you don’t lose weight?

“Exercise also lowers blood pressure and improves your lipid profile and glucose processing, even if you don’t lose weight.” Some people don’t like to exercise, and try to lose weight just by dieting. For those who succeed, the weight loss is definitely good for you.

What is the effect if you exercise but don’t diet?

Exercise while ignoring your diet just isn’t a good weight loss strategy, says exercise physiologist Katie Lawton, MEd. “To lose weight, you need to burn more calories than you consume or eat fewer calories than your body uses each day,” says Lawton. “If you don’t have a caloric deficit, you will not lose weight.”

Is it okay to workout if you’re skinny?

For each pound of body weight, a skinny person should aim for 0.8-1.0 grams of protein. Limit cardio. Rather than long, slow cardio sessions, incorporate short and explosive cardio intervals of 30 seconds to 2 minutes, followed by full recovery periods.

Will I lose weight if I exercise 2 hours a day?

IT IS INTERESTING:  How many calories does walking for 45 minutes burn?

When you workout twice per day, you’ll burn more calories. For estimates of how many calories are burned in 30 minute intervals for people of three different weights, check out this Harvard Health blog.

What is the best exercise to lose weight?

  1. Cardio. The first exercise that many people do when they want to lose weight is cardio. …
  2. Strength training. Strength training is important for weight loss since it helps you increase muscle mass. …
  3. Compound movements.

4 дня назад

What is skinny fat?

What is “skinny fat”? … “Skinny fat” is metabolically obese normal weight, meaning that someone has a seemingly healthy look on the outside but they have risks for a number of health problems that are related to obesity. This is mainly due to a poor diet and lack of exercise. This body type can be seen in men and women.

Do I need to do cardio if I’m skinny?

No, you shouldn’t focus on doing cardio if you’re skinny fat. As a skinny fat individual it’s much more effective to focus on heavy weight lifting and proper dieting in order to lose body fat and build muscle.

How can I get big in 2 weeks?

How to Gain Muscle in Just a Week

  1. Understand the concept of hypertrophy. …
  2. Focus on compound lifts. …
  3. Increase time under tension (AKA workout volume) …
  4. Get better sleep. …
  5. Eat about 20-25 grams of protein at every meal. …
  6. Reach for casein before bed. …
  7. Beat down stress. …
  8. Don’t cut calories, just focus on whole foods.
IT IS INTERESTING:  How much should I run daily to lose belly fat?

How can I lose 1 pound per day?

You need to burn 3500 calories a day to lose one pound a day, and you need anywhere between 2000 and 2500 calories in a day if you are doing your routine activities. That means you need to starve yourself the whole day and exercise as much as to lose the remaining calories.

Is working out 30 minutes a day enough to lose weight?

Researchers found moderately overweight men who exercised hard enough to sweat for 30 minutes a day lost an average of 8 pounds over three months compared to an average weight loss of 6 pounds among men who worked out for 60 minutes a day. The overall loss in body mass was the same for both groups, almost 9 pounds.

Is 1 hour workout a day enough?

According to a study published in the American Journal of Physiology, 30 minutes of daily exercise is just as effective for losing weight as 60 minutes.

What burns the most fat?

Aerobics people will say that cardio is the best fat burning exercise. In reality, however, both are somewhat necessary to lose weight. Cardio will increase your blood flow and help you work off those extra calories. Weight-training, on the other hand, will turn those fat cells into healthy muscle.

What exercise burns the most calories in 30 minutes?

Calories burned in 30 minutes:

Generally, running is the best calorie-burning exercise. But if you don’t have enough time to go on a run, you can shorten your workout into high-intensity sprints. Your body will rapidly burn calories to fuel your workout.

IT IS INTERESTING:  Your question: How many calories do you burn for running 4 miles?


text:
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A Little of This, a Little of That: New Threats and Possibilities in Commercial and Personal Lines Insurance

Total Credits: 2 including 2 CE Credit

Average Rating:
Commercial Lines |  Commercial Lines - Basic |  Commercial Lines - Specialty Policies |  Personal Lines |  Personal Lines - Basic |  Personal Lines - Speciality Policies
Christopher J Boggs
2 hrs
Access for 30 day(s) after program date.

We cover a lot of ground in this session – five topics to be exact. But when we are through, you will be better able to explain some of the new exposures, policy issues and available options. You will also be more at ease with the so-called “disruptors.”

  1. Understanding the Ridesharing Exposures and Coverage Options
  2. Understanding the Home Sharing Exposures and Coverage Options
  3. Understanding the Other “Property Pimping” Exposures
  4. Understanding the Drone Exposure and Coverage Options
  5. Do Disrupters Really Affect You

Course Materials

Christopher J Boggs's Profile

Christopher J Boggs Related seminars and products

Christopher J. Boggs, CPCU, ARM, ALCM, LPCS, AAI, APA, CWCA, CRIS, AINS, joined the insurance industry in 1990. He is the Executive Director of the Independent Insurance Agents and Brokers of America (Big "I") Virtual University. His current duties involve researching, writing, and teaching property and casualty insurance coverages and concepts to Big "I" members and others in the insurance industry.

During his career, Boggs has authored more than 300 insurance and risk management-related articles on a wide range of topics as diverse as Credit Default Swaps, the MCS-90, and enterprise risk management. In addition to this, Boggs has written 13 insurance and risk management books:

·        "The Insurance Professional's Practical Guide to Workers' Compensation: From History through Audit," now in its second edition;

·        "Business Income Insurance Demystified: The Simplified Guide to Time Element Coverages," now in its third edition;

·        "Property and Casualty Insurance Concepts Simplified: The Ultimate 'How to' Insurance Guide for Agents, Brokers, Underwriters and Adjusters;"

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Boggs is a regular speaker at industry events, speaking for groups such as the National Association of Mutual Insurance Companies (NAMIC), the National Society of Insurance Premium Auditors (NSIPA), the American Association of Managing General Agents (AAMGA), the Institute of Work Comp Professionals (IWCP), and the CPCU Society.

A graduate of Liberty University with a bachelor's degree in Journalism, Boggs' background includes work as a risk management consultant, loss control representative, producer, claims manager, and quality assurance specialist

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Knight Foundation Silicon Valley: Innovation vs. “the Future”

(Roundtable #3: Technology & Innovation)

We’re blogging to you live from the future, and it’s very exciting here!

I mean, we’re having this meeting at Google HQ, in the middle of Silicon Valley — the place embodies much of the hope and imagination for the future of our democracy, our economy and our world.

It is — or will be — better here in the future. As soon as we can figure out what it’s all about. As soon as we can figure out how and why people use information technology, we can build the perfect device that will seamlessly integrate their information needs with hyperpersonalized delivery mechanisms — speaking of which, can’t you wait until the iPhone costs as much as a transister radio?! — then everything will be fine.

The economy will grow robustly and sustainably, because in the future it will all be running on clean tech.

Deepening efficiencies will drive down costs — which means all the lower-rung workers who have been effectively organized by Raj Jayadev to join unions will be earning the wages necessary to fully engage with the immersive mediaweb through affordable wireless technology.

That’s the problem with the future. It’s look-at-the-stars solutions are indeed thrilling, but it’s ankle-deep in the mud of today.

Forget about the future. The future is not where it’s at. In the future, we are going to be in the exact same place that we are now — Planet Earth — but things are going to be worse. The climate is changing, the oil wells are drying up.

We can’t be living in the future, when there’s so much that needs innovation today.

Living in and for the future can bite you on the behind.

Panelist Chris O’Brien notes that the ambitious Mercury News project to “blow up the newsroom” and reinvent how a print paper navigates the new media economy was canceled in January.

Most of the folks guiding the project have, in fact, been let go, he told me over lunch.

Was this a vision of the future that simply didn’t match reality? Or did the great powers of the Merc’s parent company get cold feet? Was the approach too topheavy, too sweeping, or too half-hearted?

It would be fascinating to delve into the conflicted internal process that led to both the newsroom reinvention project and its cancellation.

The Merc’s misfire brings to mind the same sort generalized ambition but inadequate ground-level implementation that makes KQED — so well-financed and connected — paradoxically so out of step with the majority of the Bay Area’s diverse communities.

The problem is that these top-down enterprises, guided by the strategic goals and profit expectations of Wall Street and its satellites, may not be appropriate to the new media economy, which is massively decentralized, multisourced, and generally, from a content-production and -consumption perspective, non-cooperative with the monopoly production model.

Chris also noted that news media thrives when it is a center of innovation — which demands the question of what, exactly, are the conditions that encourage innovation?

Independence, for one thing.

All of the successful strategies and scenarios described by the panelists emphasized the ability of media producers and consumers alike to post and access material spontaneously, without the barriers erected by the traditional gatekeepers.

This is not about technology — it’s how people use it. It’s about the social phenomenon of technology. And therein lies the keys to innovation.

Danah Boyd, one of the Knight commissioners, noted the amazing success of local blogging and text-messaging around Hurricane Gustav in New Orleans, an unmediated phenomenon that occurred in an open information architecture without interference from monopoly gatekeepers.

She further elucidated the point by noting advocacy campaigns around specific legislative issues, in which interest groups mobilize their constituencies via cellphones and text messaging to spark a flurry of calls, emails and faxes aimed at key elected officials.

Holmes Wilson of the Participatory Culture Foundation is singing a similar tune with his Miro project, an online video platform that aims to “eliminate gatekeepers” and make everyone a content producer.

We are already seeing what this can do on the blogosphere — the achievements of which are considerable, and matched only by its excess.

As Amra Tareen of notes, most blogs don’t get read, which hearkens back to the initial panel’s concerns about the information glut — something that at once distracts from access to meaningful information, and fragments dialogue around it.

Her solution is to opportunistically merge media (Web, SMS, email, etc.) to produce up-to-the-minute coverage of news across the world.

Using some cool widgets, triangulates on topics, pulls together a variety of coverage, and represents it dynamically on a world map on the site’s home page. Click on an indicator, and you’ll wind up with a cluster of related stories and blog postings

This approach places all its eggs in the crowdsourcing basket, and it’s good that they’re taking the chance on it.

Whether it’s the solution remains to be seen — but it’s encouraging to see the money behind the media warming up to the idea of empowering producers and audiences, and appreciating them as interchangeable.

This is a key concept — that producers and audiences together can successfully guide access to and creation of relevant community information.

The relationship between the audience and the media outlet has inverted, also, to the detriment of the ad-sales department.

Mike McGuire, a research VP at Gartner and a mainstream media guy, pointed out that content really is king, and if so, why are the content producers the ones getting the short end of the stick?

Why not start cutting sales staff at the failing media outlets instead of reporters and editors?

He asked this and grinned, and the audience laughed, as well they should.

But it’s a serious question that has yet to be answered satisfactorily.

The State of the News Media 2008 report noted that increasingly, the newsroom is the place recognized as the wellspring of innovation in media companies — and the ad-sales departments are the ones most bogged down by the failed assumptions of the past.

What sort of innovation is required to make a future we can all live in?

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WAIW | Burning Season in Chiang Mai

Image contains two photos that split the screen horizontally. The photo above shows green rice fields with trees and some buildings in the distance. Farther away in the background, a large dark hill can be seen below some blue clouds. The photo below that contains a similar scene, but the hill is no longer visible and the sky is grey and hazy.

I mentioned it a few weeks ago in another WAIW episode, but this week I decided to finally talk a bit more about the dreaded burning season here in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Similar to the rainy season in tropical climates, the burning season is something many folks will tell people to avoid when planning their travels. Personally, I’ve never found the rainy season to be so bad, but I have to admit I agree with people when it comes to avoiding this time of year in Northern Thailand.

Check out the video below to get an idea of just why that is, and feel free to visit this great blog post to find out more about the whole annual nuisance.

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12 thoughts on “Il Volo at the Tower Theatre – September 12, 2013”

  1. They are so adorable.
    Please vote for them at World Music Awards under two categories: Best Group and Best Album. For Best Album scroll down to find Mas Que Amor–Il Volo. Albums are listed under titles (not name of group). Vote every day! There is strong competition. They deserve to win!

  2. I am still walking on high from the Philly concert! Thanks for sharing those pictures.

  3. Now that I was in the 8th row nothing less will do but I really want to get in that front row. What’s the secret? Luckily the Tower Theater was a small theater so it felt like I was pretty close. Not sure that would have worked in other theaters.

  4. Michele, do you know if they came to PA last year? I wonder how they determine where they are going.

    1. I think they were in PA last year. We do not know how the schedule was developed – is it possible Live Nation had a lot to do with it?

  5. Doesn’t it depend if the theatre can afford them? it seems they have been at the same theatres before.in other years. I suppose they want a large seating but as Molson it has 16000 seats so it depends if whether enough people know about Il volo. What surprised me is that there is a large Italian community here & I think they didn’t want to go to Molson outdoor theatre. The summers are different here & Canada depends on the weather summer or winter. The open theatrs in the southern States has warmer weather. I am sure not all open theatres is near water which makes is colder as with Molson.
    I don’t like Live Nation it is too restricted or VIP Nation as well. VIP wouldn’t let us take pictures at the meet & greet, Why not people wouldn’t be interfering with the person taking pictures. It was allowed at the meet & greet at Massey Hall in 2010. And i DON’T undestand why cameras aren’t allowed in all theatres. The cameras now adays are small with no flash or a flash that is not as prominent as the older cameras.

  6. Michele……Your pictures are FANTASTIC! What an eye you have…the lighting is spot on. I don’t know how you did it, but I love each and every one of them. Thank you so much for bringing The Boys “up front and personal” for all of us. Makes me feel like I was there, looking adoringly at them!

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Tag Archives: success dressing

Success Dressing for the Work-at-Home Professional

5 Good Reasons Not to Wear Your PJ’s to the Office   Did you start your workday at the computer in your snugglies this morning? Convenience is probably one of the reasons you started working at home in the first … Continue reading

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The Wardrobe Simplifier

5 Essential Pieces for Every Woman's Closet

The Wardrobe Simplifier eBook Get my FREE eBook plus tips by email to look your non-stop best! Build the foundation to your perfect wardrobe with these can't-lose staples including:

  • The one, must-have item that triples as belt, dress, and swim cover (plus, more!)
  • The all-purpose top that suits every body shape with style and grace
  • The universally-flattering skirt that comfortably flows over curvy bodies, yet magically lends balanced fullness to straight figures

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here again

April 8th, 2020 -- I’m far out of the habit of website tweaking, but I do kind of miss it, and being home from college / constantly online for classes, slime mold facts, recipes, food, soup (and did I mention food?) brings me here once again. Although I did very occasionally visit other sites for essays and anything, I haven’t logged in for quite a while. I had nothing to add here, because finding time for writing beyond submitting class write-ups and madly journaling whenever I felt I needed to was—though not impossible—beyond my level of motivation. Still not certain of any future motivation, but probably lurking will increase in frequency. Things I was doing a few weeks ago: Going on long walks at night along the bluffs (and in the process, learning skunks are nocturnal), eating subpar dining commons food, talking to friends from high school less than I wanted to, debating the differences between animals and humans (at what point does nature become culture?), dipping my arms entirely into Pacific-Ocean-temperature filtered seawater to place urchins into children’s hands, staring down a seagull that was watching me eat a sandwich, taking naps, rubbing the dust off of library books *, spending copious amounts of time on math and chemistry and a little physics and, most of the time, enjoying it. Things I have recently been doing: Going on aimless walks to the park or around the neighborhood, observing birds nest in the backyard, thinking about moss terrariums, answering emails within five minutes, keeping track of seven-spotted ladybug pupae, cooking, eating, Zoom / Discord-calling for both recreational and education-related purposes, watching Kdrama, taking naps, spending copious amounts of time on math, chemistry, and physics and, most of the time, enjoying it despite falling increasingly far behind on work. But online labs are disappointing. Watching someone grow alum crystals is not the same as growing alum crystals yourself. Other thoughts, some not exactly timely or relevant: Lucky to be able to wait this out / continue learning / still be slightly motivated Chalkboards are really still being used and when they’re not completely cleaned the eraser smears white across the board and then people may continue to write with their white chalk, making all figures indecipherable except at small distances. There’s only one kind-of developed female character in East of Eden and that might be because the author was describing her as a monster instead of a person. Tardigrades can survive dessication for decades because of their production of “bioglass” through intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), allowing for protection of cell parts. Tardigrades are also a type of eutelic organism (each species has a fixed number of somatic cells when they reach maturity). * The book covers were all plain, so I judged them by their titles instead, read a few lines, and compiled another to-read list. Crocodile Soup - Julia Darling Sauce for the Goose - Peter de Vries Midnight Cowboy - James Leo Herlihy Children Are Bored on Sunday - Jean Stafford Eye Killers - A. A. Carr Some Doves and Pythons - Sumner Locke Elliott Will Mrs. Major Go to Hell? - Aloïse Buckley Heath Trick Pear - Suzanne Cleary Currently reading: La Casa en Mango Street Rising: Dispatches from the New American Shore


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Interlibrary Loan (ILL) is a module which helps patrons or staff to obtain materials that are available in other libraries.

The core of the ILL module is the request made by a patron or a librarian to be processed by the appropriate personnel in the library. Each request has its own description that consists of the following:

  • A hiperlink to the requested bibliographic item
  • A hyperlink to the item owned by library
  • A hyperlink to the owner of request
  • Data related to the request

While the request advance in the workflow (the approval route, transmission, reception) information is added to it. Some of them are introduced by a librarian when processing the request, others are added automatically by the system (ie the date on which the request has been processed).

As the request advance in the workflow, ILL request is enriched with details: ex. current situation (flags = parts which identifies data), thus requests can be grouped by status. For example, after a request was sent, the record is marked with the date of transmission, as a consequence of the record will appear in the current set of records waiting to be received.

The main function of ILL module includes:
  • ILL budgets
  • Customized ILL budgets
  • Patron classes
  • Databse of institution participating in ILL
  • Publications types/Sources types
  • ILL messaging
  • Generation of notes for supplying libraries
  • Request/approval/complaint/cancellation
  • Loan the items obtaint teough ILL
  • Search/edit requests
  • ILL requests statuses
  • Accounting of funds statement
  • Customizable reports

Interlibrary Loan module is fully integrated with TinREAD. He shares the same data files with other modules and improve interlibrary loans, providing an accurate picture of these requests.


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A Dream (Blake)

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For works with similar titles, see A Dream.

Once a dream did weave a shade
O’er my Angel-guarded bed,
That an emmet lost its way
Where on grass methought I lay.

Troubled, 'wilder'd, and forlorn,
Dark, benighted, travel-worn,
Over many a tangled spray,
All heart-broke I heard her say:

‘O, my children! do they cry?
Do they hear their father sigh?
Now they look abroad to see:
Now return and weep for me.’

Pitying, I dropp'd a tear;
But I saw a glow-worm near,
Who replied: ‘What wailing wight
Calls the watchman of the night?

‘I am set to light the ground,
While the beetle goes his round:
Follow now the beetle’s hum;
Little wanderer, hie thee home.’

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1st IMT-GT Working Group Meeting on Environment

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The 1st IMT-GT Working Group Meeting on Environment was convened virtually on Wednesday, 7 July 2021. The Standing Chair of IMT-GT WGE Meeting is Head of Delegation Thailand Mr. Pavich Kesavawong (Director of Foreign Affairs Division, Office of the Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Thailand), also attended by Head of Delegation Indonesia Dr. Ir. Haruki Agustina, MSc (Director of Contamination Recovery And Hazardous Waste Emergency Response Ministry of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia), Head of Delegation Malaysia Mr. Rosmahyuddin (Strategic Planning and International Relations Ministry of Environment and Water of Malaysia), and Director of CIMT Mr. Firdaus Dahlan. This meeting is update on outcome of 14th SPM Meeting on 30 April 2021, Outcome of Cooperation With Potential Partners; UN-ESCAP: Webinar on Climate Action 14-15 June 2021; NewQuest Geotechnology: Webinar on Promotion Sustainable Energy in The Subregion: Exploration & Utilization of Low-Medium Geothermal Sources for GHG Reduction, 28 April 2021.

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Mystical Dragon Resin Incense

Regular price $8.00

Frankincense + Myrrh + Dragon's Blood

A Little goes along way.  This sweet smokey resin incense blend combines three incense powerhouses Frankincense, Myrrh and Dragon’s Blood.  Use this for cleansing clarity abundance and protection.

Whether you are new to burning resins or are looking for an ethically sourced supplier, here are resins that work great for your rituals. Burning resins will help clear your mind and create a sanctuary in your home. Simply use these resins during times of meditation, reflection, ritual and spell work.

Why choose resin incense over a stick incense? The smoke created from resin burning is beautifully light and intoxicating.

If you’ve never used resin before, it can look intimidating since it’s a little more difficult to light. Here we are to clear the air on how to light resin incense.

The easiest way to burn your resin is to use a charcoal disk. You will light the charcoal disk using a candle and tongs. You will need to light the bottom and the top of the disk. Once the disk is hot, lay the resin into the middle or around the disk.

  • Each Package is 3/4 oz
  • Each order comes with 1 FREE charcoal briquette
  • For external use only

    Customer Reviews

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    Arrived safely and scent is lovely. Thank-you!!

    My new go to incense! Great products

    Absolutely amazing! And thanks for the 3 extra incenses. Will buy again

    IncenseRepublic are some of the most ethically sourced, quality made sticks I have found. You can feel it as you light the sticks & the aroma & energy that fill your space or home. Sovereignty is our favourite but I plan to invest in more! Beautiful product.

    Our Guarantee

    Free Samples with Every Purchase.

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    Sustainably Sourced Ingredients.

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    All Orders Ship within 1-2 days.


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university of tulsa logo

Daily Crime Log, Fire Log & Incidents

An officer observed a non-TU affiliate asleep on the north side of the Hardesty Press Storage building. The non-TU affiliate refused to identify themselves and left the area. No trespass warning was issued and no contact card was made.

  • Reported: August 25, 2019 at 4:00 am
  • Occurred: August 25, 2019 at 4:00 am
  • Location: Hardesty Press
  • Disposition: Administratively Cleared


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DDC Kishtwar reviews progress of B2V Programme, Pakal Dool HEP- RR Plan

Kishtwar : District Development Commissioner (DDC) Kishtwar, Ashok Sharma, today reviewed the progress under Back to Village (B2V) programme and implementation of local area development plan under RR Plan of Pakal Dool HEP for the financial year 2019-20, here in his office chamber.

The DDC reviewed physical and financial achievements of PWD, PHE, JPDCL, RDD, Youth Services & Sports, Sheep Husbandry and other departments.

He also held detailed discussion on implementation of the the Local Area Development plan under RR plan Pakal Dool HEP. He directed the District officers and executing agencies to accelerate the pace of developmental works so that fruits of development reach to each and every one down in the ladder of development. He also underscored the need of timely utilization of funds to avoid cost escalation and lapse of funds.

To keep proper track of developmental works, he sought fortnightly report from all the executing agencies. He sought strict action against the erring agencies and contractors who have failed to complete projects well in time.

Besides various bottlenecks faced by the executing agencies in the implementation of the developmental works were also discussed in the meeting and necessary directions were passed by DDC to remove them.

Among others, the meeting was attended by Joint Director Planning Mohd Iqbal; District Youth Services & Sports Officer, Kharati Lal; Dy Chief Education officer, Rajinder Singh; Executive Engineer, R&B division, Marwah, Mohammad Aslam Lone; Xen PDD. Narotum Kumar; Block Development Officer, Mughal Maidan, Arun Kumar Badyal; AEE PDD, Sudhir Sharma besides other concerned

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IIM Kozhikode registers 100% placements in yet another virtual drive; Records a whopping rise in Consulting offers

Kozhikode: Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode witnessed 100% placements for the 459 students participating in the placements process with offers being rolled out by 137 recruiters, a 4.6% increase as compared to last year. The mean salary stands at 22.5 LPA while the median salary is at 20 LPA. The top 50% of the students bagged an average CTC of 28.9 LPA, an 8.1% increase from last year.

Announcing the success of the virtual placement drive, Prof. Debashis Chatterjee, Director IIM Kozhikode, said that “This is a testimony to the resilience and competence of our students, alumni, faculty and administration. 2020-21 will go down as a year of true achievement in the 25 years history of IIM Kozhikode. The competitive nature of the students and dynamic curriculum designed by the foremost thought leaders of the country give a cutting edge to our overall efforts to impart quality education and stay relevant with changing times.”

Accenture Strategy, Amazon, American Express, Asian Paints, Bain & Co., Bajaj Auto, Boston Consulting Group, Capgemini, Cognizant Business Consulting, Citi Bank, Deloitte, Deutsche Bank, Everest Industries, EY, EXL Analytics, Flipkart, Goldman Sachs, HSBC, JPMorgan Chase & Co, Microsoft, Nomura, Pidilite, PwC, Reliance, RPG, Samsung, TAS, TATA Sky were amongst the major recruiters.

Bajaj Finserv, BlackRock, Equirus Capital, Franklin Templeton, GoIndigo, L’Oreal, Marsh India, Michael Page and Paytm were among the 51 new recruiters who participated in the process this year.

32.7% of the offers were rolled out by the consulting cluster this season, which is a 12.5% increase from the last year. Some of the long-term collaborative recruiters in this domain that participated this time are Accenture Strategy, Bain & Co., BCG, Blue Yonder, Cognizant Business Consulting, Deloitte, EY, Infosys Consulting, IQVIA Consulting, Optum, PwC, Thoucentric and ZS Associates.

The BFSI cluster also witnessed impressive growth in opportunities offered at IIM Kozhikode. This year, 21.5% of the offers were made in the financial sector, with the majority of the offers being secured from reputed financial institutions including Axis Bank, Bank of America, BlackRock, Citi Bank, Deutsche Bank, Equirus Capital, Goldman Sachs, HSBC, ICICI Bank, IDFC First Bank, J.P.Morgan Chase & Co., State Street, and Yes Bank.

IIM Kozhikode maintains its legacy of offering the most sought-after Sales & Marketing opportunities with around 15.25% of offers made by this cluster. Asian Paints, Bajaj Auto, Casio India, DRL, Everest Industries, GSK, HUL, ITC, Lenovo, Nestle, Paytm, Reckitt Benckiser, Samsung, Xiaomi were amongst the prominent recruiters.

The Information Technology and Analytics cluster contributed to offers from marquee recruiters like American Express, Enphase Energy, Google, Fractal Analytics, Microsoft, Mphasis and Walmart Labs.

The holistic pedagogy at IIM Kozhikode continues to be supported by organizations with over 13.8% offers made for General Management and Operations roles. Some of the major recruiters in these domains are AB InBev, BlackBuck, Capgemini, JSW, Mahindra, Ninjacart, Reliance, Rebel Foods, RPG, and TAS. The Institute has also secured offers from start-ups and e-commerce firms including Amazon, Flipkart, Myntra, Paytm, Udaan showing their confidence in the IIMK talent pool.

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Kathua DDC reviews progress on RIDF schemes

Kathua: District Development Commissioner, Kathua, O.P. Bhagat, today reviewed the progress of ongoing Rural Infrastructural Development Fund (RIDF) Projects, funded by NABARD.
It was appraised in the meeting that 60 RIDF Projects funded under NABARD are under implementation in the District by different implementing departments.
The Projects pertain to Health, Jal Shakti, Animal Husbandry and Sheep Husbandry department and include critical rural infrastructure viz roads, bridges, water supply schemes, PHCs, Veterinary Hospitals, Sheep Extension Centres, ISM dispensaries etc.
The DDC reviewed the scheme wise progress of the projects and directed the executing agencies for accelerating the pace of the execution and adherence to timelines. He asked for timely submission of project completion reports and utilization certificates for subsequent release of funds. It was also called upon to liaison with the revenue officers for sorting out the land issues, if any, hindering the progress in implementation of the schemes.
The engineers of the executing agencies were directed to ensure regular field visits and feedback from PRIs for ensuring quality parameters in execution of the projects.
Among others, the meeting was attended by DDM NABARD Amit Kumar, CPO Kathua Uttam Singh, CMO Kathua Dr. Ashok Choudhary, Chief Animal Husbandry Officer, District Sheep Husbandry Officer, Executive Engineer of PWD (R&B) and Jal Shakti.

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Showing posts with the label Owlet

Asian Barred Owlet Pictures and Detail

Asian Barred Owlet Pictures and Detail-  Finally, I am a happy man because I got my first picture of an owlet. Even after taking pictures of more than 100 different birds, I was unable to capture an owlet through my camera. I became lucky when I spotted an Asian Barred Owlet in my native village in Himachal.  The scientific name of the Asian Barred Owlet is Glaucidium cuculoides.  ------Download our App Beautiful Indian Birds ------- The above owlet in pictures is the subspecies of Asian Barred Owlet which is found in the Himalayas and its scientific name is Glaucidium cuculoides. These owls are residents of the Northern Subcontinent of India and they are also found in some parts of Southeast Asia. Asian Barred Owlet is species of True owlet and they can be seen in countries like India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam.  Mostly, in Indian culture, people don't like owlets and associate them with bad things. However, I like them


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Jagger Update

Update in the Google algorithm applied during the last months of 2005. According to Matt Cutts (Google engineer), the search engine is not implementing a single large update but a series of mini updates. Matt Cutts says that these updates are going to affect the PageRank system and backlinks as well, but there may be many more changes, some visible and some not. A notable change is that Google has started notifying some websites that have been penalized about their status. This will help many companies

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