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David Bohm, Paul Cézanne and Creativity

David Bohm, Paul Cézanne and Creativity

Somehow or another I keep coming back to Cézanne. He fascinates me. I stand before his paintings trying to figure out what is going on, attempting to enter into a dialogue, wondering what questions the paintings are asking me. Some years ago I even camped out on Mont Ste-Victoire, the favourite motif of the painter. Recently I visited it again, driving along the road that links Aix en Provence with the little town of Puyloubier— which has an excellent restaurant—stopping to see all the places where Cézanne had painted. On the way back, I noticed a small hotel part way up the mountain and decided to stay the night. Instead of a view across the valley, I chose a room at the back which looked out on the mountain. In the night I was awakened to see that great ‘sail in the sky’ glowing luminously. In the end it became too much for me, I simply did not have the intensity of Cézanne’s vision. I could not sustain my encounter with the mountain as he did.

This essay is about Cézanne but it also about David Bohm. Cézanne had, I believe, the vision of a scientist. He was always questioning, always seeking truth. In this he was one of a kind with David Bohm who said that we must seek truth, no matter where it takes us. One truth that Bohm sought was the underlying order that would unite quantum theory and relativity. It was not a matter of some new mathematics, or a new theory, he would say, but of a radically different order. It was during a long correspondence with the painter, Charles Biederman, who had written The New Cézanne, that Bohm learned that Cézanne was also struggling to find a new order, a new order for painting. In the end Bohm came to realize that these two orders are deeply related. For Cézanne, to touch even a small part of one of his paintings would mean repainting the entire canvas. In Bohm’s terms this was the Implicate Order—the whole is enfolded in every part and each part is enfolded in the whole.

As a very young man David Bohm had a vision of the transcendent, of an intense light that could stretch across the universe, of a light so bright that it formed a new colour, light so intense that it would penetrate matter. Also of energy, energy that could destroy worlds, of whirlwinds and tornados, of penetrating acids, highly active chemicals, chemicals that would excite the brain. And of a universe that exists in a higher dimension.

The images were always taken from science. (Indeed, Bohm at that time believed implicitly in the power of science to control nature and transform human society.) Yet on the other hand, light, vortexes of fluid, energy are all metaphors for the subtle, for that which lies beyond surface appearance, for that which can enter into them. His visions are not uncommon with the mystics—after all Jacob Böhme’s (1575-1624) first great illumination came from staring at light reflected in a pewter plate

As with any image of such a numinous power it has a multiplicity of meanings. Freud suggested that such images are ‘overdetermined,’ Carl Jung called them archetypes and spoke of the powerful forces that can be unleashed when one is in thrall of an archetype. The ancient Greeks spoke of a divine intoxication, of giving oneself to the gods. These images could be taken to refer to the primal forces of the natural world, to the penetrating power of the human intellect, to the realm of the subtle, to unconditioned creativity, to what is called ‘the spirit,’ or even to the breath of God. And we must remember that although Bohm did not subscribe to any orthodox religion, in his early life he was raised in the Jewish faith and learned of the God that cannot be named.

I mentioned the Greek notion of possession and maybe this is not too bad a way to describe Bohm for the one possessed becomes ‘enthused’ but always at a price; when the gods departed, they could leave Bohm in a deeply depressed state—one must remember Nietzsche who believed he was possessed by Zarathustra which gave him moments of intense illumination and passion but finally robbed him of his mental balance. I’m not saying this was the case with Bohm. His had a fine mind, yet I think his work took him beyond the personal intellect and left him open to what lies beyond—the unknown, the unconditioned, the pure intelligence of the universe, an act of grace, a pure passion.

And if he was possessed, then maybe it was by those twin gods that haunt western civilization—and, at the time of the Greeks, were named Apollo and Dionysus. Apollo being order, classicism, balance and harmony. Dionysus, the divine intoxication, the transcendence of rules and order, ‘inspiration.’ Maybe those gods used Bohm as their testing ground and, through him, contemporary science.

As a young man Bohm may have dreamed of new scientific theories, and have used his political views of, for example, individual human freedom and the need for a socialist collective, to guide him towards his theory of the plasma in which individual behaviours are made possible by the existence of the collective (shielding long range interactions) and the collective by virtue of the existence of the individual. But later Bohm began to see that new theories, new ideas and hypotheses were simply not enough, what was called for was a new order.

At one level this represented a new scientific order, one that was demanded by the revolutions of quantum theory and relativity. These represented dramatic changes for science, ways, Bohm pointed out, that brought us closer to the way we actually perceive and experience the world than the physics of Newton. Nevertheless, although the theories have changed, the old order remains—most significant was what Bohm termed the Cartesian order of space and time, an order I personally associate with something prior, the vision of space inherent in perspective. In placing the viewer outside the universe, limiting him or her, freezing time, we are presented with a single ‘objective’ vision of the world. Earlier art was filled with time and movement and the viewer was free to enter into it. So, for me, the Cartesian order is one of the ways in which the human participator has been excluded from the universe.

Bohm was clear that there could be no reconciliation of relativity and quantum theory until this new order (of space and time) had been discovered. The new order had to be prior to any theoretical advance in physics. Part of what he meant by the new order was the Implicate Order, and the notion of an infinity of levels to reality, each being qualitatively different from what lies above and below. An order that is never reductionistic, for processes within the orders below can give rise to manifestations at higher orders and these higher orders, in turn, condition those that lie below.

Bohm even went so far as to suggest that a new order called for a new language, a new means of expression. Our present language, he said, stresses the separation between objects and their independence. His rheomode would begin with pure process and activity out of which would emerge, at a secondary level quasi-independent objects localized in space and time.

But this is far more than Bohm’s call for a new order than what is inherent in a new scientific revolution, for Bohm came to see the world as wholeness and process—this is even inherent in a scientific theory he developed as a schoolboy. It is truly a ‘theory of everything,’ matter, process, space, time and even consciousness.

For Bohm a new order was also a new order to human society, comparable to the transformation of order that took place in the early Middle Ages. It would be a new order of mind and matter, of matter and the subtle, of thought and what lies beyond. A new order implied a transformation of human consciousness, not simply at the level of the mind but of the brain and body itself. As he often said, a change of meaning is a change of being. Transform individual consciousness and the consciousness of humanity is changed; transform consciousness and the physical brain is modified. Produce a radical change of order and consciousness and it reaches deeply into the world of matter, transforming DNA and even possibly changing the status of the material world—and I don’t think I am distorting Bohm in taking things this far.

In this Bohm may not be too far from the ancient Kabbalists and Alchemists who participated in the Great Work as a means of renewal, of placing oneself in correspondence to the moment of creation, of naming, of breathing the animating spirit. Or of the Sun Dance of the Plains which is a ceremony, a sacrifice, and a social renewal for the whole of creation. Or of the medicine wheel, the prayers at sunrise, the sacred circle and pipe. They are all ways of expressing our participation in the ongoing processes of creation and renewal.

Now in taking things this far I begin to see how Bohm had become a part of a very general movement of renewal that, I believe, is taking place in our own time and began maybe sometime in the last century. It is an attempt to bring humanity back into the universe, to assume our responsibilities and obligations. To make room for love and compassion in the face of nature. If Bohm approached this from the perspective of the sciences, asking questions about the structure of space and time, of the meaning of matter, light and energy, of moving from object to process, then I believe that very similar investigations are taking place in the fields of art and music.

It is fairly obvious that from the time of Cézanne, artists have been struggling to find new orders; but this also implies a questioning of the whole meaning and function of art, of the role of the subjective and objective. I believe that there are some truly radical questions being explored that have many parallels with what is going on in science. When the sculptor Antony Gormley and I were discussing the nature of art I mentioned Umberto Eco’s vision of aesthetics in the Middle Ages, that it was not pure egotistical creation and self-expression of an individual but rather the artist assisting nature. That seemed to strike a chord with Gormley for sculpture was acceptance of the natural, of matter and the human body. It was entering into the space within the body and using that as the starting point for sculpture. It was seeking ways to define space in relationship to the human body and the architecture in which it lives—a space within and a space without. So space becomes relationship; relationship based within the sensation of the body—thinking not far from Bohm’s. And not far from Cézanne’s either whose new order in painting came out of the sensations of the body.

There is another point I wish to make and that is, in seeking a new order, Bohm saw this as very much involving the fact of his existence within the material world. This again I see as a symptom of our return to nature, the reanimation of nature and accepting human responsibility towards nature and our own fact of existence.

Indeed, Bohm argued that there are two ways to discover the laws of nature. One was by looking outward at the laboratory and the other was by looking inward for, as he said, his body was created out of the same matter as the universe. Indeed, there were times when, thinking about scientific equations, he would notice sensations in his body. He spoke to Einstein about this who told him that while he was working on the field equations for general relativity, he used to squeeze a rubber ball and feel the tensions in his muscles.

I believe that much of Bohm’s thinking took place at this level, a level at which mind and matter are indivisible. It is not so much the brain that is thinking, that is stringing along sets of words—the constant internal chatter we all experience—but that the entire body is involved through subtle muscular movements which then unfold into thoughts. Or rather the body movements become ordered, or that an internal body process takes place which can then partly manifest itself in intuitions and perceptions. These then become symbolized as thoughts and ideas—and the intellect then has the job of filling in the gaps and producing a new order—an order appropriate to, for example, the English language or mathematical algebras. Bohm accepted that his body was a microcosm of the macrocosm and so the order of the universe was manifesting itself within his body. Using the language of his Implicate Order, the whole lay implicit in each part and was therefore present in an implicate way within his body.

The discipline of years of studying physics, developing particular sensitivities and skills, enabled him to partly unfold these sensations. It is clear to me that the deepest ‘thinking’/intuiting takes place at this level. Cézanne said something very similar to Bohm:

The Landscape becomes reflective, human and thinks itself though me. I make it an object, let it project itself and endure within my painting… I become the subjective consciousness of the landscape, and my painting becomes its objective consciousness.

I am becoming more lucid before nature, but always with me the realization of my sensations is always painful. I cannot attain the intensity that is unfolded before my senses… Here on the bank of the river the motifs multiply, the same subject seen from a different angle offers subject for study of the most powerful interest and so varied that I think I could occupy myself for months without changing place by turning now more to the right, now more to the left.

I have also read about David Hockney designing sets for opera, playing the music and experimenting until at some point the colour glows or takes on some numinous quality. This has been described as ‘synesthesia,’ which I feel is another word for having access to deep body experiences which can be made manifest though years of training and coordination. In this sense we are very similar to Cézanne’s vision of his ‘sensations’ and nature thinking itself through the medium of our bodies.

Creativity becomes nature singing her own songs. The scientist and artist become assistants, coworkers with nature. Nature seeks new ways to express herself through human society and human skills. In turn we seek to celebrate nature though acts of renewal.

Having said that, I also want to touch on a darker side. In many ways Cézanne had a miserable life; his painting was always a terrible struggle and he signed very few paintings to indicate that his vision had been ‘realized.’ He was seen as rude and intransigent. He hated to be touched to the point where it cost him his life. After going out to paint and getting soaked to the skin, he collapsed in the road of a fever, his female servant being too frightened to pick him up. Several days later he died.

Realizing his sensations was a terrible struggle for Cézanne; ‘the realization of my sensations is always painful.’ In some senses the search for a new order was similarly a struggle for Bohm. The reason, I believe, is that these ‘sensations’ lie very deep, at what Jung called the ‘psychoid’ which was ‘neither matter nor mind and both.’ They are levels tied to our deepest conditioning and earliest experiences of the world. Those artists and scientists who struggle to discover new orders must enter that world and it involves, I believe, a very painful sacrifice that can almost destroy the individual.

Activating these sensations may also mean activating incredibly painful emotions and memories. Bohm Cézanne and Bohm suffered from a difficult relationship with their fathers. Bohm would speak to me of painful tensions within the body, being connected to early memories and feelings that had become locked within his physical body.

To take a different tack, Jean Piaget pointed out that when science seeks deeper and deeper levels of reality and abstraction—as, for example, when we move from practical geometry, to Euclid, to topology, to cohomology, to abstract algebras—we are, in fact, excavating both the history of human thought and, in reverse, the development of cognition at the earliest stages of life. To be a Bohm or an Einstein is to touch one’s very earliest perceptions of the world and these can be bound up with painful sensations. Some lie at the purely personal level of an individual’s history, some are to do with the particular society in which one is reared, others are universal archetypes.

When I stand in front of Cézanne, I feel these painful conflicts and struggles very clearly. It is a world away from Fra Angelico or Matisse. Some are able to make the passage in art or science or any other field; others can be almost destroyed by it. I think that this is something we are all struggling with in our present time.

I spoke of sensing a common purpose and a desire for a new compassionate order, of something that unifies the natural and the transcendental. I feel it is present in the visual arts, music, and science. At another level it can be a powerful antidote for what I see as a flight from matter in our present society and a desire to escape into the world of spirit. I find it disturbing when people speak of the escape of the human spirit from the confines of matter. Rather I prefer alchemical renewal in which the spirit is refined and then returns to the womb of matter in an act of sacrifice and renewal (and here the metaphors may be getting a little mixed.)

In summation, Bohm sought a new order within physics. It becomes an entire new order for life and society. For myself I would not so much seek a transformation of human consciousness for that seems a little one-sided—too much spirit and not enough matter—but rather a renewal of our position within the universe.

I find the vision of Islamic alchemy very attractive at this point. The classical alchemists were not so much concerned with the creation of gold but with inner work. When transformation occurred, when the mirror of the heart was polished and cleansed, when the veils were lifted, at that point one had a radically different vision of the material world. Base matter was truly transformed because one saw it anew and that each thing was filled, to its capacity, with the divine. But then, since all things are one, all things are connected, at the moment of cleaning, of perception and opening of vision, the world of matter itself becomes changed, renewed, and transformed. It is no longer the same as before. So the transformation was mutual; when the interior changes so does the exterior. (Again I believe that something similar happens in art and that there is a true transformation both at the level of perception and material realization, one that cannot be explained in mechanistic terms alone.)

It is at this point that the work of the artist, the scientist and the medieval alchemist become the same. It is about our role in the transformation and renewal of nature, the manifestation of the divine. Bohm’s search for a new order in physics goes right back to his earliest visions and his dream that human society could change and become more compassionate.

F. David Peat, PhD, was a quantum physicist, writer, and teacher who founded the Pari Center in 2000. He wrote more than 20 books which have been translated into 24 languages, as well as numerous essays and articles. In 1971-72, he spent a sabbatical year with Roger Penrose and David Bohm, and thereafter his research focused on the foundations of quantum theory and on a non-unitary approach to the quantum measurement problem. Peat continued an active collaboration with Bohm and in 1987 they co-authored the book Science, Order and Creativity. In 1996 he published Infinite Potential: The Life and Times of David Bohm. In 2020, the documentary that he co-wrote with Paul Howard Infinite Potential The Life and Ideas of David Bohm was released. David Peat died in 2017 and the film is dedicated to his memory.


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The Partially Examined Life Philosophy Podcast
The Partially Examined Life is a podcast by some guys who were at one point set on doing philosophy for a living but then thought better of it. Each episode, we pick a short text and chat about it with some balance between insight and flippancy. You don't have to know any philosophy, or even to have read the text we're talking about to (mostly) follow and (hopefully) enjoy the discussion. For links to the texts we discuss and other info, check out We also feature episodes from other podcasts by our hosts to round out your partially examined life, including Pretty Much Pop (, covering all media), Nakedly Examined Music (, deconstructing songs), Philosophy vs. Improv (, fun with performance skills and philosophical ideas), and (sub)Text (, looking deeply at lit and film). Learn about more network podcasts at
On Anarchy, State & Utopia (1974), ch. 1-3 and 7. What are the moral limits on government power? No redistributive taxation, suckah! With guest Stephen Metcalf.
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Seth Paskin introduces Anarchy, State, and Utopia about libertarianism and the limits of legitimate government power.
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On Henry David Thoreau's Walden (1854). Should all true philosophers go live in the woods and seek Truth in nature? Probably YOU should.
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Make it Weirder – The Copenhagen Scene from an International Perspective

Feature Most read November 18 2019

By Ivna Franic The periodic excitement over locally specific music scenes appears to be alive and well, having successfully survived the beginning of the Internet age and the still rising tendency of geographically displaced scenes. It would be a stretch to say that the functioning of local scenes has not at all changed, but despite the fact that the ability to publish music releases and build up an international fanbase have become easier, reliance on the immediate ...

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Insomnia Festival – Northern Exposure (live report)

November 17 2018

kinoFIN2 barbieriogtromso 2 Insomnia Festival 2018, Tromsø. Reportage by Ivna Franic, 135 mm analogues by Lea Anic. It’s near impossible to talk about the world’s northernmost festival of electronic music without highlighting its distinct geographical position and landscape, so let’s just get that out of the way. Taking place ...

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Exploded View – The art of cool (live review)

Kritik June 17 2018

explodedview Review of Exploded View @ Loppen, 5.6.2018 by Ivna Franic. Last week’s Exploded View concert at Loppen was one of those gigs you could have easily missed out on, be it because you weren’t aware it was happening or because the band’s name didn’t ring a bell in the first place. But perhaps that shouldn’t come as a surprise. The band’s frontwoman Anika ...

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Phono17_Encourage – Clear sight through the largely unexplored

Feature November 11 2017

Phono Festival 2017 Press Pix Credits: Phono Festival / Daniel Hjorth / Kristian Thuesen / Cameron Pagett Reportage by Ivna Franic. Photos by Daniel Hjorth and Cameron Pagett. The latest edition of Phono Festival brought quite a few exciting names from the international electronic and experimental music scene to Odense this past October. Although the festival theme “Encourage” might have hinted at a more cutting ...

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General recommendations for use of welding equipment

Welding inverters are quite reliable equipment, containing a broad range of protections. However, there are a number of recommendations, implementation of which will minimize the probability of failure and make comfortable performing of welding works.

One of the most important recommendations - when working do not put the device on the ground. Cooling fan, which is part of any inverter, begins to suck in dust, and dust, especially metal from the angle grinder, metal being cut or concrete, is the main enemy of inverter. If the work is often done in dusty places, it is recommended to occasionally remove the metal casing and purge internal components with compressed air (compressor) under a pressure of no more than 4 units and/or perform the cleaning with a soft brush. In addition, these actions contribute to an increase in heat transfer and improvement of welding inverter cooling, which, in turn, will have a positive effect on the duration of work until the thermal protection is turned on. This is especially true in the southern regions with high ambient temperatures.

A recommendation is associated with this factor - avoid blocking the ventilation holes and prevent installation of a working inverter closer than 30 cm from the wall or obstacles to air circulation. Operation of the welding inverter is strictly prohibited if one or both (if there are two of them) fans do not work.

When equipment is brought into a warm room from outside with a cold air it is imperative to wait in a warm room for two hours and only then plug it into the power network.

At the end of the work, it is not necessary to immediately turn off the inverter - after a hasty shutdown, internal components continue heated and for some time are warmed up. It is necessary to allow the inverter to run idle (3-5 minutes) and wait for cold air to appear at the outlet of the ventilation holes before turning off the unit.

When performing work, monitor reliability of the connection of the contact of cables in the contact sockets. Considering what current is applied to them - any contact disturbance causes a strong arcing in this place, leading to even greater contact disturbance. It is recommended to use only plant (supplied with welding) welding cables, and if you change length of the cables, then make such a change insignificant. Excessive increase in cable length leads to current losses and changes in the characteristics of the device, since the cables are part of the internal electrical circuit. The same applies to the contact points of the supply wire - it is necessary to monitor the reliability of the contact in the plug-socket connection and, if necessary, to use extension cables with a cross section of at least 2.5 mm2 (for a copper conductor) and a length of no more than 10 meters (unused wire should not be coiled in ring).

All data on the performance of welding machines are given at the rate of 220-230V in the supply power network. And even if your device is designed to work in the range of 170-270V, its performance at 170V will be significantly lower than at 220V, i.e. to compensate for this, the welding current will need to be set higher.

It is necessary to avoid moisture ingress inside the apparatus - if this happens, dry it.

Winter storage of welding equipment in damp garages and basements is not recommended.


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Kuwait Oilpunk

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A flaneur in Salmiya, Baudrillard, and Kuwait Oilpunk. Thorsten Botz-Bornstein's impressions of 21st century cyberpunk.

Neuroaesthetics Conference ZKM

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Neuroaethetics conference at ZKM. See for the programme here.

CalArts: Psychopathologies of Cognitive Capitalism

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 Shock Head Soul (Simon Pummell, 2011)

The Psychopathologies of Cognitive Capitalism brings together philosophers/critical theorists, media theorists, scientists and artists to discuss the state of the mind and brain under the conditions of contemporary capitalism, in which they have become the new focus of laboring. See for the programme and more details the CalArts website.

My lecture for this conference "Madness, Miracles, Machines: Living in a Delirious Word without Walls" can be found as a podcast of the version I presented at the Amsterdam School of Globalisation Studies (ASGC) can be accessed here. The published version can be found in PDF here and under "Selected Writings (in English)".

Dennett on Film

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Daniel Dennett received the Erasmus Price 2012. Patricia Pisters interviews Dennett on cinema and consciousness in EYE Film Institute Netherlands. See for more information on the programme here. And for more photos here.

On Garrel's L'Enfant Secret

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Adrian Martin's beautiful video essay on Philippe Garrel's L'Enfant Secret.

Launching NECSUS: European Journal of Media Studies

Posted in Events on

During the NECS conference 21-23 June 2012 NECSUS European Journal of Media Studies has been launched. The journal is an Open Acces peer reviewed journal and can be accessed online here.


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Setonix fires up for researchers

The first phase of the new Setonix supercomputer is now available, creating a faster, user-friendly interface to accelerate discoveries.

Setonix Phase 1 is delivering double the compute power of its predecessor, Magnus, via 3rd generation AMD EPYC CPUs. Setonix gives Pawsey’s researchers access to greater performance, enhanced memory bandwidth, and connectivity to the 10x faster Pawsey network.

Combined with Pawsey’s new object storage system Acacia, which is also connected to the network, researchers are able to move data faster than ever from long-term storage into Setonix’s short-term storage. The seamlessly integrated infrastructure enables advanced workflows previously unimaginable.

Setonix Phase 2 is now on its way to Australia, to be installed once the legacy supercomputers Magnus and Zeus are decommissioned and physically removed.

Magnus provided over two billion core hours since its inception eight years ago and supported over 800 research projects, including discovering more efficient ways to harvest renewables, creating a new atlas of the universe, and discovering gold beneath Australia’s soil.

In the meantime, Pawsey is expediting the migration to Setonix by training researchers and providing detailed documentation – 100+ pages of guidance, complemented by a Setonix User Guide – to help them make the step-change to the new system.

The launch of Phase 1 is a critical milestone in our supercomputing transformation, and we look forward to expanding the capabilities of Setonix in the coming months.


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2 small discussion question 1 case study question

Learning Goal: I’m working on a entrepreneurship writing question and need an explanation and answer to help me learn.

1. Please discuss the meaning of strategic planning.

For example, in my organization, my teams have 43 projects running in 2021. The question one might ask is, what are we trying to accomplish this year? We’ve come with 6 strategic objectives and ranked each project against those objectives in order to prioritize our work accordingly.

How would you make sure your organization is working towards strategic goals? （150 words）

2. please discuss the meaning of enterprise project management. Are there any unique characteristics as compared to just project management? (150 words)

3. Read the attachment, answer below question:

Please provide your perspective on the value of Enterprise Project Management – what are some key differentiators from traditional project management? (230 words, no more than 250 words)

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Everything You Need to Know About Charitable Bail Funds and SB6

The New Rules regarding Charitable Bail Funds go into effect January 1, 2022.

I.    What is a Charitable Bail Organization-

A Charitable Bail Fund is an organization that files cash bonds to get individuals out of jail.

In SB 6 the definition of a "charitable bail organization"  is a person or group that accepts and uses donations from the public to deposit money with a court in the amount of a defendant's bail bond.

The definition applies to any charitable bail organization that files more than three cash bonds for defendants in a any 180-day period.

II.    Groups Excluded from the Definition-

    The term does not include:

    1.    a person accepting donations with respect to defendant who is a member of the person's family, as determined under Section 71.003, Family Code; or

    2.    a nonprofit corporation organized for a religious purpose.

    3.    a charitable bail organization that files fewer than 3 cash bonds in a given 180-day period.

III.    Charitable Bail Organization Must Meet the Following Requirements in Each County In Which It Intends to File Cash Bonds

    The charitable bail organiztion must be:
          (1) a nonprofit organization exempt from federal income taxation under Section 501 (a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 as a 501 (c) (3) organization;
           (2) be issued a certificate from the county in which the bond is sought to be filed.

IV.    How Does a Charitable Bail Organization Become Certified In Each County In Which It Intends to File Cash Bonds-

The charitable bail organization must apply with the county clerk to be certified in that county.  The clerk is required to issue a certificate if the following requirements are met:
        (1) the charitable bail organization documents that it has obtained the required tax exemption status from the IRS; and
        (2) the charitable bail organization documents that it is current on all of the filings required by the Internal Revenue Code.

V.    Once The Certificate is Issued, the Charitable Bail Organization must file an Affidavit with the Office of the County Clerk-

Once a certificate is issued, the charitable bail organization must file an affidavit with the county clerk designating the individuals authorized to present cash bonds to the county jail on the organization's behalf.

VI.    Once an Affidavit is filed in a County, the Charitable Bail Organization must file Monthly Reports in that County-

Not later than the 10th day of each month, a charitable bail organization shall submit, to the sheriff of each county in which the organization files an affidavit under Subsection (e), a report that includes the following information for each defendant for whom the organization paid a bail bond in the preceding calendar month:

        (1)  the name of the defendant;

        (2)  the cause number of the case;

        (3)  the county in which the applicable charge is pending, if different from the county in which the bond was paid; and

        (4)  any dates on which the defendant has failed to appear in court as required for the charge for which the bond was paid.

*The sheriff is required to forward a copy of the report to the Office of Court Administration.

VII.    What Happens if the Charitable Bail Organization Is Not In Compliance With the Statute's Requirements?

A charitable bail organization may not file cash bonds for a defendant if the organization is not in compliance with the reporting requirements.

A sheriff may suspend a charitable bail organization from posting cash bonds for a periof not to exceed one year at any time the organization if the sheriff determines the organiztion has paid one or more bonds in violation of this article (after failing to file a required report).  The sheriff must issue a warning that the charitable bail organization is not in compliance.  Then upon a second further violation, the sheriff may suspend.

Any suspension must be reported to the Office of Court Administration.

VIII.    Other Applicable Rules-

Chapter 22 regarding how a bond is forfeited applies to cash bonds posted by charitable bail organizations.

A charitable bail organization cannot charge a premium for posting a cash bond.

By December 1st of each year, the Office of Court Administration shall prepare and submit a report regarding the information submitted to the Office regarding the monthly reports. The report shall be submitted to the governor, lieutenant governor, speaker of the house of representatives and presiding officers of the standing committees of each house of the legislature with primary jurisdiciton over the judiciary.

Tex. Code Crim. Pro. art. 17.071.

   The Professional Bondsmen of Texas

Most Read Posts Over The Last 30 Days

Texas Commission on Judicial Ethics Seeks Suspension of Harris County Judge Bynum for Bias Against State and Refusal to Follow the Law

Sheriff Seeks Additional $25 Million for Unsustainable Jail Overcrowding Caused by Harris County New 10% Rule

Episode 15 of the The Bail Post Podcast- Magistrates Magistrating Magistration

The Bail Post Episode No. 16- How 10% Equals $25 Million with Gene Newman

Self Described "King" of County Criminal Court 16 Judge Jordan Arrested


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Why do we need the serial number?

To get accurate quotes and device information we will often need to know the exact model of the device in question. This is so we can then match correct parts to fit your device model.

How to locate your serial number (Easiest method)

The quickest way, which we infact use day-to-day, is to find the label or small print containing the serial number (or other codes for different brands) of the device:

  • Laptops: located on the bottom
  • Desktops: located on the side/back/bottom
  • All-in-Ones (AIOs): located on the back/bottom

Look for:

  • *product name followed by model number*
Toshiba - Full
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The 2 Best Reasons to Use Cinnamon for PCOS - PCOS Diva

The 2 Best Reasons to Use Cinnamon for PCOS

Guest post by Robyn Srigley

Cinnamon is a very common spice, and probably one of my favorites. I sprinkle it on everything- from smoothies and chia pudding to grain-free granola and healthy desserts. It has such a pleasant, warming flavor that’s really hard to beat!

Interestingly, cinnamon’s uses extend beyond flavoring your delicious eats. It could actually be beneficial for PCOS!

There are two main reasons for this that have been studied and noted clinically.

Reason #1: Blood Sugar Control

As you may be aware, blood sugar and insulin control is extremely important for managing PCOS in a healthy way. Your doctor may have prescribed a drug called Metformin, which is supposed to help in this area. Of course being a holistic nutritionist, I’m all about using nature first before resorting to drugs, and cinnamon could be the answer!

Cinnamon has quite a history of regulating blood sugar response in the body. In one 2007 study of 15 women with PCOS, significant reductions in insulin resistance were seen after taking cinnamon for just 8 weeks!

Reducing insulin resistance is super helpful for regulating menstrual cycles which are often unpredictable or absent in women with PCOS. A 2014 study suggests that using cinnamon improves menstrual cyclicity. This study used 1.5g of a cinnamon supplement per day for 6 months. Finding a product and using a similar dosage to the one in the study could be a good place to start in using cinnamon for PCOS.

New research indicates that cinnamon taken with a quality probiotic may have an even larger impact on PCOS symptoms. To learn more read, “Cinnamon & Probiotics Team-up to Control Blood Sugar“.

PCOS supplements

Reason #2: Progesterone Management

Low progesterone is most definitely common in women with PCOS, as our bodies tend to produce more estrogen, testosterone, DHEAS and cortisol instead. Progesterone gets pushed down to the end of the hormone production line because all the base parts are used for the other hormones! Sometimes this is known as the progesterone steal, and can create a number of symptoms.

Some symptoms of progesterone deficiency include:
• long, irregular cycles
• short luteal phase (the phase right before your period comes)
• mid-cycle spotting
• menstrual cramps
• anxiety and depression
• acne
• fatigue
• foggy thinking
• bloating
• slow metabolism

So, how can cinnamon possibly help with this myriad of symptoms?

One study has outlined that cinnamon can help to increase progesterone production in our adrenal glands, while also reducing the amount of testosterone our adrenals produce- double win! This is through the action of cinnamaldehyde, a component of the cassia type of cinnamon.

Take a look, and think about whether cinnamon might be a good option for you as part of your PCOS management lifestyle.

This article does not intend to treat or diagnose disease it is meant to generate awareness and promote health education and prevention.

Robyn SrigleyRobyn Srigley is The Hormone Diva, holistic nutritionist and women’s holistic health coach. Robyn’s own journey with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) jumpstarted her passion for helping women replace their anxieties with joy to open possibility in their lives and break free of hormonal imbalance. Robyn runs a successful 1-1 coaching and online program practice where she uses diet, movement, botanicals and a self-love lifestyle to transform the lives of women with PCOS, Endometriosis, PMS and much more. You can find out more about her work at

PCOS Podcast 46 - Acne

Last Post

PCOS & Acne: Tips From a Pro [Podcast]

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Natural Pain Relief Remedies for Women Battling Endometriosis

PCOS Endometriosis Remedy


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Author: barhouchant

We’ve had several ladies from our events asking for skills training sessions for Road cycling and Mountain Biking. So we are giving you just that ;-). PPA brings you 3 road and 2 MTB workshops for beginners and intermediates at discounted PPA prices. Book your spot now as spaces are limited.

Follow the link to watch the footage of the PPA "Tread Lightly" Women's MTB that took place on the 19 May 2012 at Backsberg Wine Estate in Paarl. PPA \"Tread Lightly\" Women\'s MTB Don't forget to share the video with all your friends and show...

Congratulations to Ruth Scholtz, who wins a Giant Mountain Bike in the PPA Safe Cycling campaign competition. Please contact the PPA office before 12h00 on Thursday 21 March to claim your prize. The other great news is that the competition is being extended for another week, so if you have not yet done so, go onto our Facebook page and "like" the page so that you can post your picture to show your support of the "Cyclists stay alive at 1.5m" campaign.

In this newsletter: * PPA Safe Cycling campaign * Start times for events * 2012 PPA project funding applications now open * 2012 Wacky wheels entries are open! * Tuesday training at Killarney * Event feedback * Forthcoming Events: February to March * What’s happening this weekend: Reeds Chevrolet Ninety Niner Cycle Race PPA LAUNCHES SAFE CYCLING CAMPAIGN PPA is about to launch a major safe cycling campaign to focus attention on safe passing distance. Watch out for our branded buses, print advertising, and bumper stickers linked to a competition in which you can win one of six bicycles. Amongst others, we are looking for names of cycle-friendly coffee shops - read more on our website and send us your nomination now!

Early birds receive a discounted entry fee for entering before 31 January 2012 (123km and 50km road races and 35km MTB only). Late entries for 50km and 35km MTB will be accepted only if the participation cut-off has not been reached.

This week in the news
  • PPA women's event on TV!
  • Cycling safety at events
  • No Transponder, No Time!
  • Killarney training
  • Forthcoming Events: January to March
  • What’s happening this weekend: Bouckaert Soenen Funride & MTB
CYCLING SAFETY AT EVENTS You are responsible for your safety on the road even when racing, so be sure to keep your eyes on the road and think of your fellow cyclists' safety, no matter how competitive it gets. - Stay left of the white line at all times and listen to the Think Bike marshals. - When cycling in bunches, be sure to leave some space on either side of the bunch to allow for left and right movement on the road without crossing any center lines. - When cycling in neutral zones, stay left at all times and in single file, allow cars to pass you quickly. Normal road rules applies so be sure to signal your intentions and stop at traffic lights, stop streets etc. Take the neutral areas carefully, the race is finished and no doubt your legs are tired, take it slow and safe! “NO TRANSPONDER, NO TIME” Please remember to bring and wear your transponder at all PPA events.

In this newsletter: * Killarney training * Cycle Lab Cape Cobra * Forthcoming Events: January to March * What’s happening this weekend: Cycle Lab Cape Cobra KILLARNEY TRAINING Join us on Tuesdays for cycle training sessions at the Killarney Motor racing track near Milnerton. Registration commences at 17h30, with training from 18h00 – 19h00. Please give way to any vehicles exiting the pits area, and do not leave valuables in your car. STAR-STUDDED FIELD CONFIRMED FOR CYCLE LAB CAPE COBRA CHALLENGE THIS WEEKEND! Get ready and enter now to see all the stars in action in the toughest road funride on the Western Cape’s calendar with a Hill Top Finish! The starting line-up will consist of the ten-man cycling team headed by local cycling legend, Malcolm Lange, Team Bonitas. World class mountain biker and ABSA Cape Epic Winner of 2011, Christoph Sauser, professional triathlete and Ironman South Africa Winner 2011, Raynard Tissink, as well as the professional female road racer Ashleigh Moolman-Pasio! Read more on the home page of

BICYCLE TRANSPORT If you transport your bicycle on a rack on the back of your vehicle, please remember to not obscure your vehicle's number plate - you could get fined for doing so. If needs be, have an additional number plate made and tie that to the outermost bicycle. 'TOUR DE PPA' EARLY BIRD ENTRIES CLOSE TONIGHT "Early Bird" discounted entries for the new Tour de PPA on Sunday 15 January close tonight at midnight, after which late entry fees apply. Late entries will be taken online until Wednesday midnight, after which cyclists can enter at any of the registration points this week, or at the event itself.

In this newsletter:
  • Feedback: PPA Women's funride
  • PPA office closure
  • Forthcoming Events
FORTHCOMING EVENTS:  JANUARY & FEBRUARY Sun 8 Jan: Olympic Cycles/ Pres Les/ Foord Asset “Journey 4 Sight ‘n Service” – entries open Sun 15 Jan: (new) Tour de PPA – entries open Sun 22 Jan: Cycle Lab Cape Cobra Challenge – entries open Sun 29 Jan: Bouckhaert Soenen Funride & MTB Sat 4 Feb: Franschhoek Lions/ Porcupine MTB Challenge Sun 5 Feb: The GP Koning Waterproofing and Roofing Roller Coaster Sat 11 Feb: Reeds Chevrolet Ninety Niner Cycle Race – entries open Sun 12 Feb: new Southern suburbs road event - details to follow Sun 19 Feb: Medallion Tour de Stellenbosch Sat 25 Feb: Wellington Lions Cycle Day Sun 26 Feb: Bay City Cycle Tour


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PPA Event News: 19 January 2011

PPA Event News: 19 January 2011

In this email:

  • Project funding applications
  • Order your cycling top now for the Cycle Tour
  • Forthcoming funrides
  • Amendment to PPA Funride rules
  • PPA Disqualifications update
  • Killarney Training Sessions are starting this week
  • West Coast Cycle Paths opening
  • What’s on the PPA calendar this weekend?

Project Funding Applications

Do you have a worthwhile cycling project that needs some funding? Read more on the PPA website home page.

PPA Cycling Top

Wear your PPA cycling top when you do the 2011 Cape Argus Pick n Pay Cycle Tour! Get your order in soonest, as it takes 4 weeks for delivery. More info on the PPA web site home page.

Forthcoming Funrides on the PPA Calendar

Diarise these upcoming events and get your entries in soonest:

Sunday 23 January: Boland Drukpers Funride (PCS event)
Sunday 30 January: Bouckaert Soenen  Funride and MTB (PCS event)
Saturday 5 February: Franschhoek Lions / Porcupine MTB Challenge
Sunday 6 February: GP Koning Waterproofing and Roofing Roller Coaster
Saturday 12 February: Reeds Chevrolet 99ER Cycle Race (Cycle Tour 2012 Seeding Event)
Sunday 13 February: Three Passes Funride

Amendment to PPA Funride Rules

Rule 19 of the PPA funride rules has been amended as follows: Cyclists may carry a child in a “baby seat” on a bike, or in a child trailer, provided the child wears an approved helmet, on the short or medium routes, or the short or medium MTB route if the MTB route is non-technical.  The child must be safely and securely anchored in the seat.  The suitability of MTB routes will be detemined by the PPA Office and will be announced as such.  Cyclists carrying kids in carrier seats or on trailer bikes may not start in their usual seeded start groups, but must start with the last seeded start group.

Disqualifications at PPA Funrides

We are very pleased to report that the number of rider disqualifications at events decreased dramatically towards the end of the Spring funride season. One PPA member was suspended until 2012 for repeatedly taking shortcuts, yet crossing the timing mats.

During Spring, cyclists were disqualified as follows:
White line transgressions:
PCS (league) riders failing to “roll-in”: 4
Not completing the full route: 3
Dangerous riding: 1
Riding in the wrong group: 8
Using an iPod while riding: 1

Tuesday Cycle Training at Killarney

Join us on Tuesdays for cycling training sessions on the Killarney Motor Racing track (18h00-19h00).  Registration from 17h40. NB: Please bring and show your PPA membership card in order to qualify for the discounted PPA fee. R15.00 (PPA members); R30 (non-members).

West Coast Cycle Path Opening

The new cycle paths between Blouberg and Cape Town will be officially opened on Tuesday 1 February 2011.  The launch will take place in the morning – times to be confirmed.  Diarise the date so long and come and join us! PS: If you live out that way and work in town, why not cycle to work that day?

What’s happening on the PPA calendar this weekend?

Boland Drukpers Funride (PCS Event)
Sunday 23 January 2011
Start Time: 06h40 (100km); 07h40 (84km); 08h40 (16km)
Organising Committee: Drakenstein Cycling Club
Venue: Kronenburg Estate, Paarl
Enquiries: Rian Geldenhuys
Phone: 082 771 3994
Fax: 086 603 1000
Prize Giving / Cutt-Off: 13h00
Pre-Entries Close: 20 January 2011
Online Entries:

Long Route: Great new undulating routes and venue! 100km route: From the venue, cyclists will head out along the R45, crossing the Wellington four-way stop towards Malmesbury. The route passes briefly through Malmesbury onto the R302 towards Durbanville. Pedal past the silo’s and turn left onto the R312 at the “fruit sellers” four–way stop and left again onto the R44, heading back toward the Wellington four-way stop, and back to the venue.
Medium Route: The 84km route follows the long route all the way through Malmesbury, veering off at the Voor-Paardeberg Road (towards Windmeul) and rejoining the long route on the R44 before heading back to the venue.
Short Route: The 16km untimed route will head out on the R45, turning left at the four-way stop and left again onto the Noord-Agterpaarl road before returning to the venue.

Directions to Venue

From Cape Town, take the N1 direction Paarl. Take the Klapmuts turn-off (R44).  At the bottom of the off-ramp, turn left onto the R44. Turn right onto the R45 at the 4-way intersection and continue approximately 6 km in the direction of Paarl to Kronenburg Estate on the right.
GPS 33’40’30.9°S; 18’57’40.2°E

“Pro Classic Series” (league) event; previously the Simonsvlei funride – now with a great new route and venue.  The Kronenburg Wine Estate provides a spectacular view with a bar, cafeteria, food stalls, wine tasting and ample space for children to play. Jumping castle also available.  Children u/10 must be accompanied by an adult. Easy Entry Tickets accepted. The 16 km route will be untimed.

Weather predicted for Sunday: No rain predicted, Sunny and hot so make sure you bring plenty of water. High of 31 degrees Celcius, Low of 17 degrees celcius. 35 knot NW wind.

Remember to bring and wear your 2010-2011 PPA funride number for the funride section, or a temp day number will have to be bought. No league entries on the day. Cycling SA day licenses are required for Non-Cycling SA / Non-PPA members for all timed events.

Yours in cycling
The PPA Team

Contact us:
(021) 689-8420
Visit us: 9 Hill Park Lane, Mowbray
Membership queries:
General queries:
Cape Argus Pick n Pay Cycle Tour call centre: (021) 681-4333


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Month: November 2018

Syndicated Publications

Click below to access issues from these leading industry publications for: Month: November 2018.

TILE Magazine: Vol. 15, № 8 (November / December 2018)

 Volume: 15 |  Issue: 8 |  Download

On the cover:

A natural evolution from mosaics to large surface coverings, Sicis’ in-house R&D and creative teams, through intensive research, have developed the large-format collection, Vetrite. Sicis Art Factory meticulously mixes technology and alchemy with artisanship in this collection, which finds a precise intuition, creating a truly avant-garde aesthetic. Glass, an intrinsic material in the DNA of Sicis, is revolutionized, whereby Sicis iconic fabrics are sandwiched with polymer film between large-format glass slabs. These unprecedented thin glass slabs are available up to 120 x 280 cm (47 x 71 inches), in either 6 or 12 mm thicknesses. Vetrite provides the freedom to think about cladding without any kind of constraints in style, and is suitable for an infinite range of applications, including furniture, countertops, doors and lighting.

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Posted in Blindness Resources, Penny Forward Appearances, and Penny Forward News

The following article was written by Penny Forward board member Les Kriegler and published in the Spring, 2022 edition of Insight: The Voice of
The American Council of the Blind of New York, Inc. Visit their web site at to learn more.

Have you ever wondered where your money goes every month? Have you ever used a budget or have you ever created one? Does investing in the stock market scare you because of the sharp swings in stock prices? Penny Forward is here to help.
Penny Forward was created by Chris Peterson who resides in Minnesota. Mr. Peterson, who is blind, believes that all of us who are blind or visually challenged should have access to Financial Education and support. This writer is unaware of these services being offered in a formalized and structured manner until now.
Service delivery is done via a web site, A variety of podcasts have been created. In addition, since launch in March of this year, courses have been developed related to taxes and issues related to credit. Additional courses are planned related to budgeting and investing. An 800 number is also available for individual consultation.
The courses are self-paced and are offered on-line on the Penny Forward web site. These offerings are available via a subscription service. One can pay monthly at a cost of $9 or pay an annual subscription which costs $99. A quiz is provided at the end of each session of a given course. No worries, however. If you need to retake the quiz, you can do so. The idea is that the material is learned and understood. So retakes of any given quiz are encouraged. A monthly chat is also available via Zoom or by phone with Mr. Peterson. Topics are determined by the participants.
I wish a service like this had been available when I started my financial journey as a much younger gentleman! It had to be done on my own without assistance, especially as it related to finding available resources. I suspect you have found yourselves in the same boat. Penny Forward is a company which is changing this. You can go over to and explore their offerings. If you like what you see, you can sign up and subscribe to their service.

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Health And Fitness Travel Offering Year-Long Luxury Trip To 20 Countries

2018 is upon us, and many of us are ready to book that next holiday already. Where are you going to be in the summer? Well, there’s one holiday that you might want to take into consideration.

trip 1

The following trip is designed to send you away for an entire year. Health and Fitness Travel have put together a holiday called “Ultimate Luxury Around The World Wellness Trip.” In this epic trip, travelers get to visit a staggering 20 countries. The focus of the trip revolves around things such as fitness, spas, and detoxes.

One day could be spent in scuba diving in The Great Barrier Reef while another could be spent doing yoga on Parrot Cay. It is an experience that aims to enrich its customers both culturally and holistically.

Unsurprisingly, the trip comes at a pretty hefty price. At $340,000, you’re going to have to save big time for this one. However, it is a diverse trip.

trip 2

Depending on where you live in the world will determine where you travel to first. For example, if you were from Australia, expect to start off with a helicopter ride over the Twelve Apostles, and eventually ending up in Great Barrier Reef.

This will be swiftly followed by hikes in New Zealand, before a flight across the Pacific to the enchanting islands of Hawaii. In the U.S., be prepared to take long walks in Utah, as well as yoga classes in Miami.

Other destinations on the itinerary include the Caribbean, South America, St. Lucia, Costa Rica, Italy, Turkey, Thailand, Vietnam, and Bali, to name a few. Don’t let the number of destinations worry you. With 31 retreats, 56 massage parlors and 20 detox treatments, amongst other things, you can choose which ones suit you best.

trip 3

“The year-long trip is more of an inspirational itinerary,” a spokesperson from Health and Fitness Travel said. “However we do have many clients who book for several months, making a long-term commitment to changing unhealthy behaviors to improve their health and fitness.”


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How the farm reforms will destroy India's farmers and food security?

How the farm reforms will destroy India’s farmers and food security?

Reading Time: 9 minutes

A massive wave of farmers’ protest movements against the anti-farmer agriculture bills and amendment to the Essential Commodities Act, 1955, has stunned Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), as it couldn’t believe that a mass upheaval is possible against its economic policies in northern India where Hindutva fascist propaganda has polarised the majority Hindu community.

Modi’s insistence on passing the two contentious bills––The Farmers’ Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Bill, 2020 and The Farmers (Empowerment and Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020––in the Parliament using the BJP’s brute majority backfired at the grassroots in northern India. India observed a farmers’ strike supported by workers on September 25th. It caused political ignominy for the BJP as the farmers in states ruled by it, like Haryana, Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh vehemently opposed the bills and the amendments to the Essential Commodities Act, 1955.

The participation of farmers, including a large section of feudal landlords and rich farmers, who fear losing their privileged position in the Agricultural Produce Market Committees (APMC) and their monopoly over the government’s minimum support price (MSP), in the protests, also weaned away the BJP’s support base.

This agitation by one section of the feudal classes, along with broad masses of middle, small and marginal farmers, has such serious political implications that the Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD), one of the oldest allies of the BJP, had to oppose the bills and its lone minister, Harsimrat Kaur, had to resign from Modi’s cabinet.

Even such a vehement opposition from an old ally like SAD didn’t stop Modi’s BJP from pushing forward the agriculture reform measures, which started with the promulgation of three anti-farmer ordinances on June 5th 2020.

In the following sections, we have discussed about the concept of contract farming, its implication in the Indian context, the MSP issue and also how the big corporates eye profiteering due to a relaxed Essential Commodities Act, 1955.

The issue of contract farming and the attack on Indian farmers

Contract farming is agreement-based cultivation of pre-determined crops of a certain quantity, quality, grade and variety, by a farmer or a group of farmers on behalf of a sponsor, who can be a trader, a corporate entity or any other organisation, at a price that’s fixed before sowing the crop. The payment terms are determined by the sponsor, and it’s dependent entirely on the yield. The farmer is bound to fulfil the contract’s obligation, while the sponsor is only liable to pay when the pre-determined quality, quantity and other factors are met.

Though India has seen the backdoor entry of corporate-controlled contract farming for years, especially in potato farming, poultry, etc, it’s the first time that the state’s rights are overridden by the Central Government with the forceful implementation of the corporate farming system. The Farmers (Empowerment and Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020 opens the gateway to contract farming in India. The BJP is propagating that contract farming will provide the farmers with a better price and economic prosperity. But that’s not the case.

As per a World Bank report, it’s only the large supermarket chains and agro-product processors or exporters who enter into contract farming with farmers. This makes the Indian farmers, disorganised and divided along class and caste lines, vulnerable. These farmers, especially the middle, small and marginal farmers, don’t form a strong bargaining block to negotiate a fair deal with the much organised and powerful corporates, who will be the one drafting the contracts. With no idea of market forces and forecasting of crop pricing, the farmers will have to agree to any price the corporates offer them as fixed price, variable price and bonus.

While the corporates––using artificial intelligence, statistical models and forecasting tools––will be aware of the probability of price rise or will create an artificial shortage to shoot-up prices, the farmers can’t do so to increase their income. Rather, the feudal landlords and the corporates will ensure the lowest amount is paid to the farmers. Even in case the price of crops increases during cultivation or after harvesting, the farmers won’t have the freedom to sell the crops at the market price due to the prevalent contract and the upfront amount they have received during sowing.

The corporates called sponsors, and their agents, called aggregators or service providers in section 10 of The Farmers (Empowerment and Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020, aren’t liable for the losses of the farmers. They will only pay for the crops that were agreed upon and unless there is an evoking of the force majeure clause, the farmers are bound to pay the actual losses to the sponsors or the service providers. Though section 15 prevents the corporates from seizing a farmer’s land to recover losses, there is no clause that prevents them from pressurising the farmer to sell the land and repay the dues.

As the quantity, grade and quality will be pre-determined, the farmers can neither take any independent initiative in the same piece of land nor can the farmer stock any crop for the rainy days. This will make the farmers, especially the middle, small and marginal farmers, dependent on the market for their own food. Eventually, this will intensify rural poverty and will turn such farmers into paupers.

Moreover, there will be more concentration of land in the hands of a few big feudal landlords, usurers and rich farmers, as the middle, small and marginal farmers will eventually have to sell-off land to meet their expenses or repay dues. As the corporates do not favour small landholdings, or to deal with multiple stakeholders, which is prevalent in states like West Bengal, they will prefer large tract of land, owned by a few big feudal landlords and rich farmers to sign an agreement. Such new needs will push an undoing of land reforms if done by a state. This will turn more small and marginal farmers into farm labourers.

The experience of previous contract farming in different states, especially potato farming in West Bengal by PepsiCo, shows that the farmers have been turned into labourers and their lands and crops remain under the strict control of the corporates. This will eventually become the norm for the country and farmers will be at a bigger loss, especially the vulnerable middle, small and marginal farmers. With crisis engulfing them, the classes dependent on them or at the bottom of the pyramid-like sharecroppers, landless peasantry, etc, will also suffer a lot. As record unemployment is ravaging the cities, it’s unlikely that they will absorb any surplus labour created by the villages. This will lead to larger wealth gap in rural India.

The MSP issue

The farmers’ protest movements are demanding secure MSP for all crops. The MSP is determined by the Central Government during the cultivation season. The government procures crops from the farmers at the APMC yards through the Food Corporation of India (FCI) for the public distribution system (PDS).

Over the years, the FCI has reduced procurements as the PDS has been weakened and the number of beneficiaries reduced to ensure more profit to the private sector food grain traders. According to the FCI, 21,869 procurement centres for wheat in the Rabi crop season of 2020-21 and 64,515 procurement centres for rice in Kharif crop season of 2019-20, had operated all over India.

Earlier we have shown, how, rather than following the model proposed by Dr Swaminathan to pay MSP on the basis of C2, the Modi regime has always calculated MSP on the basis of A2+FL, which, according to 2017-18 estimates, was 53.73% less in the case of wheat and 57.52% less in the case of lentils. The Modi regime has always denied to increase real MSP on C2 for the farmers and ignored the requests from the States on this.

The procurement data for rice in the kharif season of 2019-20 shows that Punjab, where the farmers’ protest movements against the anti-farmer agriculture bills have gained strength, had the maximum procurement, 108.76 LMTs. The procurements in other states have been approximately 50% less than Punjab.

The reason behind this is the total cultivation of paddy and the dominance of the big feudal landlords and rich farmers in the APMCs, who have monopolised MSP on crops. But as the FCI is reducing purchase, even these feudal landlords and rich farmers are worried, despite Modi’s assurance on continuing the MSP and even after the government increased the MSP for six rabi crops.

According to the “Evaluation Study On Efficacy of Minimum Support Prices (MSP) on Farmers”, published by the NITI Aayog in January 2016, only 10% farmers in India had prior knowledge regarding MSP of a crop at the sowing stage. In states like West Bengal, none of the surveyed farmers even sold their crop at MSP! This makes these feudal landlords and rich farmers from northern India, the sole beneficiaries of the MSP scheme.

When Modi is promising that the MSP system will survive, he is speaking the truth, but only partially. The MSP will continue to stay in the APMC yards but only the feudal landlords and rich farmers, ie, the very 10% who know about the MSP at the sowing stage and benefit from the FCI’s purchases, will continue to enjoy the benefit. The rest, especially the small and marginal farmers, will continue to be deprived of the MSP or even any price remotely close to it.

The threat to India’s food security

The major bone of contention over the anti-farmer agriculture bills is the amendment to the Essential Commodities Act, 1955. This amendment provisions insertion of subsection (1A) to section 3 of the principal Act, which says:

“(1A) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1),—

(a) the supply of such foodstuffs, including cereals, pulses, potato, onions, edible oilseeds and oils, as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify, may be regulated only under extraordinary circumstances which may include war, famine, extraordinary price rise and natural calamity of grave nature;

(b) any action on imposing stock limit shall be based on price rise and an order for regulating stock limit of any agricultural produce may be issued under this Act only if there is—

  • (i) hundred per cent. increase in the retail price of horticultural produce; or
  • (ii) fifty per cent. increase in the retail price of non-perishable agricultural foodstuffs, over the price prevailing immediately preceding twelve months, or average retail price of last five years, whichever is lower:

Provided that such order for regulating stock limit shall not apply to a processor or value chain participant of any agricultural produce, if the stock limit of such person does not exceed the overall ceiling of installed capacity of processing, or the demand for export in case of an exporter: (sic)”

This amendment, as given above, provides leeway to big corporates, especially the food processor, retail marketing chain, etc, purchasing products from the farmers either through the “traders” or through the contract farming model. They can now easily increase the prices up to 49% for non-perishable agricultural foodstuffs or 99% of horticultural produce. As they will control the lion’s share of the non-PDS supply, on which the majority of the masses are dependent due to the complications of the PDS, they can easily squeeze out money from the people.

Rather than strengthening the Essential Commodities Act, 1955, rather than strengthening the PDS to ensure cheap and free food for all, the BJP has been providing its corporate donors with the opportunity to profiteer from people’s hunger by citing India’s food sufficiency in terms of food production vis-à-vis the 1950s.

But the BJP’s propaganda hides India’s hunger predicament despite record food production. India had a “serious” hunger level in 2019, much before the COVID-19 pandemic started, the situation worsened with the pandemic outbreak. Now, with the corporates aggregating the food crisis, India, which ranks 102 among 117 countries in the Global Hunger Index, will suffer the worst.

But as one man’s loss is another man’s gain, the likes of Mukesh Ambani, the biggest sponsor of the BJP, are all set to profiteer from this scenario. Predicting an increase in the business volume of Ambani’s Reliance Retail Ventures Limited (RRVL), which will be a beneficiary of the act, big global finance capital is rushing to buy equity in it. Apart from RRVL, Ambani’s JioMart grocery platform also aims at increasing its market share in the retail grocery business by associating with Facebook-owned WhatsApp.

“Connecting with farmers and delivering their fresh produce directly to homes is a key part of our grocery strategy. This will significantly improve farmer income and incentivise higher productivity. The deep-rooted bond with tens of thousands of farmers has helped us source over 80 per cent of our fresh fruits and vegetables directly from farmers,” Ambani was quoted by The New Indian Express discussing the JioMart’s modus operandi.

Recently, the global investment firm KKR has decided to invest Rs 55.50 billion in the RRVL, buying 1.28% equity stakes in it and, thereby, valuing its pre-money equity value at Rs 4.21 trillion. The KKR earlier bought 2.32% equity stakes in Ambani’s controversial Jio Platforms, which helped him to become the sixth richest man in the world due to a surge of investments amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

While Ambani is the biggest player in the agriculture trade, monopolising his control over what and how much Indians should eat, the other foreign corporations are eyeing Indian agriculture sector as well, to ensure greater export from India by paying a cheap rate to the Indian farmers. An unbridled export of foodgrains from India will fuel a massive food crisis and the poor, the working class will suffer the most.

What must be done now?

There is an ardent need to educate the people about the threat posed by the amendment to the Essential Commodities Act, 1955, and how they will suffer due to imminent food inflation. The fact is, one’s party affiliation won’t save them from starvation. Hunger won’t discriminate between a lower-class BJP and a Congress worker. At a time when the people are rendered unemployed and without any income, then pushing them towards food inflation is a serious crime against humanity, which must be exposed before the very masses.

The farmers’ protest movements have forged a strong unity between the struggling farmers, sharecroppers, agricultural workers and the working class. There is a need to strengthen this bond and raise demands for universal social security for all workers and farmers. Moreover, the farmers must demand universal PDS for all, so that the corporate attempts to exploit Indian people can be thwarted. Apart from the PDS, only the state governments must fix region-wise MSP based on C2 input costs and force all buyers to strictly comply by the rates.

The major issue is of aggregating hunger, and the common people are at the receiving end. Rather than confining this movement within farmers, it’s important that the common people are mobilised to hit the streets all over India to protest the Modi regime selling India’s food security to big corporates. The farmers need new-age protections, better rights and benefits. The movements on the streets must fight for such demands now and ensure that the BJP is defeated.

An avid reader and a merciless political analyst. When not writing then either reading something, debating something or sipping espresso with a dash of cream. Street photographer. Tweets as @la_muckraker

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An intelligent future for remote inspections

While traditional turbine inspection methods can be slow and error-prone, advancements in Artificial Intelligence technology may hold the answer to  finding defects faster. A solution that will only grow in importance as wind farms themselves grow and offshore locations become increasingly hard to reach. PES was keen to find out more about the possibilities of AI, and the advantages it may bring to the industry from Brian Kim, Senior Software Engineer at Qii.AI.

PES: It’s lovely to welcome you to PES Brian. We’re looking forward to introducing our readers to a new name. With that in mind, perhaps you could give us a brief summary of Qii.AI and your role in the wind industry?

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WinGD introduces compact on-engine emissions solution for X-DF portfolio

Swiss marine power company WinGD has introduced an on-engine version of its popular iCER system, enabling the emissions reduction technology to be installed without impact on engine footprint. The development is part of WinGD’s commitment to making decarbonisation as simple as possible for ship operators.

iCER is the first X-DF2.0 technology introduced to further boost the emissions performance and efficiency of the widely deployed dual-fuel X-DF two-stroke engine series. X-DF engines running on LNG already offer a more than 20% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and a dramatic reduction in air pollution compared to fuel oil. The addition of iCER delivers a 50% reduction of methane slip in gas mode. Combined with better fuel efficiency, this reduces total greenhouse gas emissions by up to 8% in gas mode. Running on diesel, iCER improves the emissions performance of X-DF engines by 6%.

The on-engine iCER offers the same advantages while simplifying testing, building and installation of the engine, as well as reducing the engine room space needed for emissions reduction equipment. The exhaust gas cooler and all exhaust gas flow control components are installed on the engine, offering significant engine room design flexibility.

Dr. Rudolf Holtbecker, Executive Director of Operations, WinGD said: “The iCER technology is a vital component of our proven X-DF engine portfolio that has a clear role in supporting the marine industry’s transition to cleaner, greener fuels and reducing the carbon footprint of a vessel. This important addition to the choices in our X-DF2.0 portfolio extends the benefits to all shipyards and global engine builders with an improved arrangement and a production-friendly design for minimised manufacturing and installation costs.”

On-engine iCER is initially available on WinGD’s X72DF engines, which have become the standard on modern LNG carriers. Minimising methane slip on LNG carriers has an added benefit for operators using their cargo as fuel, allowing them to maximise the value of the LNG delivered. The technology will be rolled out to other models in the X-DF engine range.

The principle behind iCER, which stands for intelligent control by exhaust recycling, is to minimise emissions by regulating air and exhaust gas flow. By cooling and recirculating exhaust back to the engine, more gases which can contribute to climate change are combusted without escaping into the atmosphere.

As well as reducing methane slip and total greenhouse gas emissions, both on- and off-engine iCER enable compliance with IMO’s Tier III NOx limits, whether using LNG or diesel fuels.


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May 2, 2022

Many LGBTQ+ advocates know the history of “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” and understand the complexities of being an out, LGBTQ+ servicemember today. What they may not realize is that the realities of military life are also complicated for families with children who are LGBTQ+. This episode of Something To Talk About Live, we will be discussing PFLAG’s newest publication, At Ease: Support for Military Families With LGBTQ+ Children and Teens, written by Becca Stewart with Liz Castro, PFLAG Board Member, and her son Enrique Castro.

Something to Talk About Live is a series designed by PFLAG National’s Straight for Equality program to create conversation about LGBTQ+ issues. Each week we offer an article on LGBTQ+ topics and suggest a few questions you can use to lead a discussion with your ERG, community group, or PFLAG chapter.

We hosted a conversation about this article as a part of PFLAG Connects and Something to Talk About Live on Thursday, May 5. Did you miss it? You can still watch it here!

Article: At Ease: Support for Military Families With LGBTQ+ Children and Teens

Source: PFLAG National

Author: Becca Stewart
(Special Thanks to Jessica Girven, Jennifer Dane, Lt. Col. David Klein, and all of the military families who contributed to this publication.)

Questions for Discussion:

  1. Prior to seeing this publication, had you ever considered the experiences that military families with LGBTQ+ loved ones might have? If the answer is no, what was one thing from the new PFLAG publication that you hadn’t known about previously? If yes, what did you know and why?

  2. Coming out can be complicated for many reasons. For military families, coming out can become even more complicated because of a lack of access to resources and/or community. How do you think that this reality can impact the coming out experiences? What positive opportunities may arise as a result of families coming out about their LGBTQ+ loved ones?

  3. What are some of the ways that you can continue to learn more about the experiences of military families with LGBTQ+ loved ones? Are there any ways that you can show up as an ally for these families? What are some of the ways you might be able to dispel incorrect information (e.g., “There’s no support there!”) about this community?

Bonus read: Check out “Air Force offers help to LGBTQ personnel, families hurt by state laws,” which appeared in the Washington Post by Soo Youn and “LGBTQ military leaders to salute on Veterans Day,” which appeared on NBC News by Dan Avery.

About Our Guests:

Liz Castro, PFLAG National Board Member

Enrique Castro

Ways to Watch:

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