Burngreave is an inner city district of Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England lying north of the city centre. The population of the ward taken at the 2011 census was 27,481. It started to develop in the second half of the 19th century. Prior to this, this area was mostly covered by Burnt Greave wood. Most of the area of the wood is covered by Burngreave Cemetery which was built in 1860 (consecrated 1861) and extended in the early 1900s. Grimesthorpe Lane, which runs through Burngreave, is a very old road that follows the course of the Roman Rig, a man-made defensive ridge—probably built by the Celtic Brigantes tribe—that used to run from near the Wicker to Mexborough.

History

Prehistory
Although there is not much physical evidence of early settlement in Burngreave, we do know that an Iron Age fort was discovered in Roe Woods. The people who built this may have been from a Celtic tribe, the Brigantes. In the early 20th century you could still see the circular banks of the fort they had built. In 1922, however, it was destroyed to build a sports ground (now owned by Sheffield United FC).

Roman period
There is very little evidence of the Roman presence in Burngreave. A hoard of 13 coins was found in Pitsmoor in 1906.

Middle Ages
Around the mid 9th century the north of England fell under Danish control. Several local place names suggest Viking settlement in the area. Osgathorpe (an old Danish name) means the farm belonging to Osga and Grimesthorpe means Grims outlying farm. From this we can imagine that the area was occupied by a farming community at a time when Sheffield was still a small, insignificant place. The name of Roe Wood may possibly be derived from the old Norse word ra meaning rowan tree.
In the 12th century, a local lord of the manor founded a hospital in the area, called St Leonards. Although there is no trace of it remaining, the name has been passed on to streets in the vicinity, called Spital Hill and Spital Lane (as in hospital).

In the 13th century, a Norman family called De Mounteney were prominent in the area and owned land around Shirecliffe and Grimesthorpe.

Early Modern period
In the 15th century and 16th century, Burngreave was an area of open countryside with scattered farms, fields and woodland. The name Burngreave was first recorded in 1440 as Byron Greve, meaning Bryons Wood. This is shown in early maps on the site currently occupied by Burngreave Cemetery and along Burngreave Road. During the Tudor period Sheffield began to grow but Burngreave remained on the outskirts. Looking back from the top of Pitsmoor at that time, you would have seen rolling hills and farmland leading down to Lady's Bridge where a cluster of shops and houses had developed around the market place next to Sheffield Castle.

Urbanisation and population growth

During the 18th century and 19th century the area remained still largely rural but industry was beginning to have an impact. In the 1820s the town of Sheffield stopped at the Wicker, below Spital Hill. Pitsmoor was just a hamlet through which the main turnpike road ran from Sheffield to Barnsley and Wakefield. Industry in the area was mostly in the form of small workshops, attached to farm buildings, producing knives and tools for a local market. There were no factories as yet. Maps from the 1830s and 40s show farmsteads, fields, some woodland and a few scattered mansions that belonged to the wealthy elite of Sheffield. At this time Burngreave was considered a highly desirable place for rich families to build new homes in. Mansions such as Osgathorpe House and Firs Hill (both now demolished) were built during this period.

By 1870 a dramatic transformation had taken place. The arrival of heavy steel and engineering industries, concentrated in the Don Valley, created jobs for migrant workers from all over England and as far away as Ireland. Development of the railways and roads also contributed to the expansion of Sheffield as a centre for craftsmanship and industry.

Between 1820 and 1860 the population of Sheffield tripled from just over 65,000 to 185,000. In Burngreave many new houses including a group of cottages built by William Pass and occupied by miners called Pass-houses (now this location is called Passhouses Road), to accommodate the workforce of nearby industries. These were often terraced or constructed around courts and changed the character of the area completely. Neighbourhoods such as Ellesmere and Woodside became established. In the 1870s the writer Alfred Gatty described the view from Osgathorpe down into the Don Valley: “….there stands, as it were, Dante's city of Dis…masses of buildings, from the tops of which issue fire, and smoke, and steam, which cloud the whole scene, however bright the sunshine.” A drawing from 1879 of John Sorbys Spital Hill steel works captures this atmosphere completely.

Despite this grim picture of development, the higher part of Burngreave was far enough away from the noise and pollution to remain popular with Sheffield's industrialists and professional classes. Abbeyfield House was built during the late 19th century by William Pass as his own residence. Originally called Pitsmoor Abbey, it first belonged to William Pass, the owner of a local colliery, then the house was bought by a solicitor, Bernard Wake, who turned it into the family home. He altered the house greatly, adding a sundial, conservatory, greenhouses, a tennis court and outhouses. The gardens were redesigned and a boating lake created around 1883. In the early 20th century Abbeyfield House was occupied by the Greenwood family and then into the possession of the Sheffield Parks Department Training Centre.

By the late 19th century much of the former countryside of Burngreave was covered in houses. Along with these were created the Vestry Hall in 1864 to administer civic functions. Schools, churches, pubs and allotments were also created in the 19th century. The first school, Pitsmoor Village School, was opened in 1836. In 1861 Burngreave cemetery was laid out to accommodate the overflow from local church yards as these were full. A cinema and public baths were built in the early 20th century. By this time, Burngreave was a suburb of Sheffield, still prosperous and considered a pleasant place to live. It did, however, have an interesting mix of wealthy and working class residents. Occasional declines in the fortunes of the cutlery trade resulted in periods of unemployment and great hardship for many poorer families in the area. A cartoon from a newspaper in 1879 shows a soup kitchen operating from the Vestry Hall, turning away barefoot and hungry children.

The World Wars
Burngreave was badly affected by both World Wars. Zeppelin raids killed people and damaged homes in 1916. Again, in 1940, the area was heavily bombed causing much damage to homes and businesses in the area as well as killing and injuring people. In both wars men volunteered or were sent off as conscripts to fight and their places taken in the factories by women. During the Second World War children were evacuated to the countryside and those who stayed behind went to school in peoples' homes as it was considered too risky to operate schools normally.

Since 1945

After the Second World War housing renewal had a major impact on the area. Slum clearance started in earnest and whole neighbourhoods were decanted to other parts of the city whilst the old substandard housing was demolished. In place of the back-to-backs and terraces came new estates of council housing and flats. This changed the character of the area quite dramatically and resulted in many people moving away, never to return. The disruption that many people experienced at this time also affected the sense of community and identity of the area.

In the years immediately after the Second World War, there was a desperate need for labour in Sheffield to rebuild the city and its industries. Around this time Burngreave became home to many new immigrants, arriving from the Caribbean, Pakistan and Yemen. Many found jobs in the steel industry and the hospitals in Sheffield. Later they brought their families to join them and became part of the local community. This was the beginnings of the multicultural community that is Burngreave today. We do know, however, that Asian people had lived in the area even before this period. In Burngreave cemetery there is a grave of an Indian man killed in a colliery accident in Beighton in 1923, called Sultan Mohomed.

Since the 1990s the area has also become home to people from Chile, Somalia, Eritrea, Iraq, Sudan, and several other countries. More recently, Romani people from Slovakia have been settled there. The arrival of people from so many different backgrounds has made Burngreave one of the most ethnically diverse neighbourhoods in Sheffield. A number of different languages are spoken locally and a variety of food on offer in local restaurants and shops.

The industrial decline of the 1980s and 90s in South Yorkshire has taken its toll on Burngreave. High levels of unemployment resulted in poverty once again and a general decline in the appearance of the area. However Burngreave is now experiencing a change in fortune. This has partly resulted from the determination of local residents to stop the spiral of decay and bring about changes. In addition a huge government funded regeneration programme, Burngreave New Deal for Communities, was initiated to bring prosperity back to the area, with improvements to houses and green spaces locally. New shops have opened recently to serve the needs of different ethnic communities. In late 2011, a Tesco Extra opened on Saville Street, a couple of hundred yards from Spital Hill, the traditional shopping hotspot of the area.

In 2013 and 2014 there was unrest between Slovak Roma and Yemeni residents in the Page Hall area.

Transport
Bus routes 97 and 98 link Burngreave to Sheffield City Centre.

References

External links
 Burngreave's Local History Sources for the history of Burngreave, produced by Sheffield City Council's Libraries and Archives
 The Archives of the Burngreave New Deal for Communities (2001-2011) at the internet archive

Suburbs of Sheffield


Nathalie Etzensperger-Nanzer, née Nanzer (born 6 August 1968), is a female Swiss ski mountaineer and long-distance runner.

Etzensperger was born in Gamsen, where she grew up. She started top-class sports at the age of 24 years, and is married with three children.

Selected results

Ski mountaineering
 2006:
 2nd, World Championship relay race (together with Gabrielle Magnenat, Catherine Mabillard and Séverine Pont-Combe)
 7th, World Championship vertical race
 2007:
 3rd, European Championship team race (together with Catherine Mabillard)
 3rd, European Championship relay race (together with Gabrielle Magnenat and Catherine Mabillard)
 3rd, European Championship combination ranking
 5th, European Championship single race
 5th, European Championship vertical race
 2008:
 1st, World Championship relay race (together with Gabrielle Magnenat, Marie Troillet and Séverine Pont-Combe)
 2nd, World Championship team race (together with Séverine Pont-Combe)
 3rd, World Championship vertical race
 3rd, World Championship long distance
 3rd, World Championship combination ranking
 4th, World Championship single race
 2009:
 2nd, European Championship team race (together with Gabrielle Magnenat)
 2nd, European Championship relay race (together with Gabrielle Magnenat and Séverine Pont-Combe)
 3rd, European Championship combination ranking
 4th, European Championship single race
 5th, European Championship vertical race
 1st, Trophée des Gastlosen, together with Séverine Pont-Combe
 2010:
 2nd, World Championship relay race (together with Marie Troillet and Gabrielle Magnenat)
 2nd, World Championship team race (together with Marie Troillet)
 3rd, World Championship combination ranking
 4th, World Championship single race
 7th, World Championship vertical race
 2011:
 1st, World Championship team race (together with Marie Troillet)
 1st, World Championship relay race (together with Gabrielle Gachet, née Magnenat, and Mireille Richard)
 1st, World Championship vertical, total ranking
 2nd, World Championship sprint
 3rd, World Championship single race
 4th, World Championship vertical race
 2012:
 2nd, Patrouille de la Maya, together with Marie Troillet and Gabrielle Gachet, née Magnenat

Patrouille des Glaciers

 2004: 5th, together with Lucia Näfen and Brigitte Wolf
 2008: 1st and course record, together with Gabrielle Magnenat and Séverine Pont-Combe
 2010: 1st and course record, together with Émilie Gex-Fabry and Marie Troillet

Pierra Menta

 2008: 1st,together with Laëtitia Roux

Trofeo Mezzalama

 2011: 2nd, together with Laëtitia Roux and Mireia Miró Varela

Running
 2001:
 1st, Jeizibärg-Lauf, Gampel
 2004:
 1st, Zermatt marathon
 1st (women I), Jeizibärg-Lauf, Gampel
 3rd (F30), Matterhorn run
 2005:
 1st and course record, Aletsch half marathon
 1st (women I), Jeizibärg-Lauf, Gampel
 1st, Jeizibärg-Lauf & Dérupe Trophy
 2006:
 1st, Aletsch half marathon
 2nd (women II), Jeizibärg-Lauf, GampelEtzensperger also competed in the 2006 European Mountain Running Championship.
 2007:
 2nd, Jeizibärg-Lauf, Gampel
 2008:
 1st (women 1) Jeizibärg-Lauf / Valais Mountain Running Championship, Gampel
 1st (women 1), Dérupe Vercorin
 2nd (F40), Matterhorn run
 2009:
 1st (F40), Matterhorn run
 2010:
 3rd (F40), Matterhorn run

External links
 Nathalie Etzensperger at skimountaineering.org

References

1968 births
Living people
Swiss female ski mountaineers
World ski mountaineering champions
Swiss female long-distance runners
Swiss female mountain runners
People from Brig District
Sportspeople from Valais


In metallurgy, titanium gold (Ti-Au or Au-Ti) refers to an alloy consisting of titanium and gold. Such alloys are used in dentistry, ceramics and jewelry. Like many other alloys, titanium gold alloys have a higher yield strength, tensile strength, hardness, and magnetism than either of its constituent metals.

In July 2016, researchers led by Emilia Morosan at Rice University discovered that a titanium-gold alloy, β-Ti3Au, an intermetallic is up to 4 times harder than pure titanium and most steels.

In popular culture
In the 2008 film Iron Man, the title character wears an armor made from a titanium-gold alloy. According to actor Robert Downey Jr., who played the role of Iron Man, the suit fit him "like a gold-titanium glove".

In the 2019 book The Secret Commonwealth (part of the universe of His Dark Materials trilogy), the alethiometer is revealed to be made primarily of a titanium-gold alloy.

In S6:E22 of The Blacklist the show’s computer wizz, Aram Mojtabai, comments that the cage originally created to house Reddington is made of titanium gold alloy.

See also
 Titanium nitride, a gold-coloured, hard-wearing coating for steel

References

Titanium alloys
Precious metal alloys


KEF is a British company specialising in the design and production of a range of high-end audio products, including HiFi speakers, subwoofers, architecture speakers, wireless speakers, and headphones. It was founded in Maidstone, Kent in 1961 by a BBC engineer Raymond Cooke OBE (1925–1995).

KEF is named after its original site, Kent Engineering and Foundry. Product development, acoustical technology research and the manufacture of signature products still occurs at the original Maidstone site in England. KEF was the first loudspeaker manufacturer in the world to implement the use of computers in loudspeaker design and measurement. KEF introduced the world's first coincident source speaker driver called Uni-Q in 1988 which has evolved to 12th generation since then, and it is still featured in almost all its speakers today. KEF is the first company to use metamaterial to absorb the unwanted sound from the rear of speaker driver in HiFi industry, the technology is called Metamaterial Absorption Technology (MAT).

KEF has received over 300 awards and holds more than 150 patents. KEF also published more than 50 academic papers and has received two Queen's Awards for Export Achievement.

History

1960s
Raymond Cooke and Robert Pearch founded KEF Electronics Ltd., with a view to creating innovative loudspeakers using the latest in materials technology. KEF Electronics was founded in Kent in 1961 and was physically situated on land adjacent to the River Medway in Tovil which at the time was owned by Kent Engineering & Foundry (a company owned by Robert Pearch and founded by his father Leonard) who at the time manufactured agricultural equipment and industrial sweeping machines. KEF derived its name from the firm.

Cooke was a Royal Navy WWII veteran who was a design engineer at the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) for a year. He was later Technical Director at Wharfedale, then a leading British loudspeaker manufacturer. Following corporate change at Wharfedale, Cooke left to see his own ideas put into action. Cooke acquired the site of a foundry, makers of agricultural machines, and initially worked in Nissen huts erected on the site in Tovil, Maidstone. In KEF: 50 Years of Innovation in Sound, the authors assert that KEF reduced the average size of bass-rich home loudspeakers from  to about , based on the work on the "acoustic-suspension woofer" at Acoustic Research; the company pioneered large-scale production of drivers with cones made of materials other than paper, and the application of fast Fourier transform analysis to the measuring of loudspeakers. KEF was also an early-adopter of modern quality-control principles to driver manufacture.

The first loudspeaker manufactured was the K1 Slimline for which the drive units used diaphragms made of polystyrene and melinex. Soon after, in 1962, came the famous B139 'racetrack' shaped woofer which allowed the design of the Celeste – one of the first truly high performance bookshelf loudspeakers.  As Laurie Fincham, Cooke's successor as chief engineer, later revealed, the only reason the B139 was vertically mounted ovoid-shaped was that the British tax code at the time penalised 2 way speakers below a certain arbitrary width. Professional products were not taxed and professional was defined as above 8 inches for a woofer or as a 3 way speaker.

From the mid-1960s, KEF manufactured BBC-designed monitor loudspeakers such as the LS5/1A for the Corporation and for wider distribution. Cooke's previous relationship with the BBC in the 1950s continued as KEF developed through the 1960s and 70s. In the mid-1960s KEF introduced the bextrene-coned B110 bass/midrange unit and the melinex-domed T27 tweeter which were later used in the diminutive BBC-designed LS3/5A broadcast monitor, of which over 50,000 pairs were sold worldwide and whose initial specification was for use in cramped broadcast vans. The close co-operation between KEF and the BBC Research department was fruitful for both, as BBC provided stringent performance and production standards with ample capacity for field testing, with KEF being a pioneer in the use of polymers and computerised quality control.

1970s

In the 1970s, as "KEF Electronics Limited", the company was awarded two Queens Awards for Export Achievement as the company became known beyond the UK (1970 and 1975). This further substantiated Raymond Cooke's choice of location for his factory as it "was closer to Europe" and hence transportation costs for its goods would be cheaper.

In 1973, KEF became the first loudspeaker manufacturer in the world to implement the use of computers in loudspeaker design and measurement. KEF used the digital technologies to achieve the highest audio accuracy, every pair of Reference Model 104 can be matched within 0.5dB to the laboratory-maintained reference standard.

LS3/5a was the original mini monitor inspired by KEF drivers and designed at the BBC that transformed the audio experience in 1975. It was renowned for delivering accurate precise sound for the recording and broadcast industry and is still spoken about in reverential tones today.

In 1976, the design methodology was refined into a new approach to loudspeaker development – computer assisted 'Total System Design' – with the release of the Corelli, Calinda and Cantata. A year later in 1977, Reference Model 105 was launched as one of the most radical and sophisticated loudspeakers ever made.

In addition to making speakers, a substantial part of KEF's activity was as an OEM supplier of loudspeaker systems, baffles and drivers. Cooke decided early on that huge potential benefits could be reaped from selling raw drivers to competitors, that more than outweighed the cannibalisation of their own market position. In a relatively short time, many major and renowned loudspeaker manufacturers came to source their drive units from KEF. Users included illustrious British brands such as IMF, Rogers, Celef, Monitor Audio, as well as manufacturers outside UK, including Sonus Faber and Wilson Audio. Linn Products of Scotland also elected to use KEF drive units in the Linn Isobarik., Linn Sara and Linn Kan speakers. The company's KEFKITs also provided many hi-fi hobbyists with means to apply their woodworking skills into making their own speakers. At its peak, production of drive units reached 10,000 units per week. In 1979, Queen Elizabeth II awarded Cooke an OBE.

1980s
Throughout the 1980s, a series of technology was enhanced including coupled-cavity bass loading that considerably boosted bass performance, force-cancelling and driver decoupling to eliminate cabinet coloration, and the KEF Universal Bass Equaliser (KUBE) that allowed extended bass from compact enclosures.

In 1988, KEF designed and patented the world's first truly coincident source speaker driver Uni-Q that enlarged the optimum listening area, allowing everyone sitting at different spots in the room to experience the same quality of sound.

1990s
Throughout the 1990s KEF continued to design products including Coda 7, Q Series, Reference Series Model 109 and Monitor Series. The Reference Series Model 105/3 featuring the second generation of Uni-Q technology was voted "Best imported Speaker" by the Japanese press in 1992.

The New York Times has recognised KEF as "a leading audio company in Europe", and also "well known to American High-End audiophiles".

In 1992, KEF was acquired by Gold Peak Group.

In 1993, KEF introduced the Model 100 centre speaker. In the following year, KEF released a THX approved home theatre system – a subwoofer/satellite concept with vertically directional front speakers and dipole surrounds.

Founder Raymond Cooke OBE passed away in 1995. He left the KEF with firm guiding principles encapsulated in his core values of "Quality, Honesty, Dedication and Innovation".

2000s
In the 2000s, KEF has been developing the use of magnetic and mechanical modelling techniques in speaker designs including Finite Element Analysis allowing acoustic systems to be modelled to an accuracy not previously achievable using other methods. The Reference Series Model 207/2 was launched in with major upgrades from the previous Reference Series. In 2005, KEF introduced the ACE (Acoustic Compliance Enhancement) technology, a technology that enables the same bass performance as a conventional speaker of twice the size, after a comprehensive research and development program since the late 1980s.

In 2007, Muon was launched at the Milan Furniture Fair. It was the first collaboration of KEF and leading Industrial designer Ross Lovegrove. The Muon is limited to an edition of 100 pairs worldwide. The patented Tangerine Waveguide was introduced to the 8th generation of Uni-Q driver array in 2007 with improvement on sensitivity and sound dispersion. This innovation was applied with the launch of KHT3005 – the iconic "EGG" home theatre system.

2010s
In 2011, KEF launched The BLADE, KEF engineers was briefed to design an ultimate loudspeaker without design or cost limitations. Single Apparent Source configuration technology was released and featured in The BLADE. In 2012, KEF launched a new classic LS50 as a 50th anniversary product. LS50 took the original LS3/5a studio monitor concept and brought it to the living room. In 2017, KEF introduced the first wireless HiFi speakers, LS50 Wireless. In the following years, KEF introduced a number of wireless products including the EGG wireless speakers, MUO portable speakers, M Series headphones, and the collaboration with Porsche Design consisting Gravity One portable speakers, Motion One earphones and Space One wireless headphones.

2020s and beyond
In 2020, KEF introduced the use of Metamaterial Absorption Technology (aka MAT) in speaker design. The technology has been awarded the "Innovation of the Year" by What Hi-Fi? Awards 2020. The new technology has been implemented in the new LS50 Collection, consisting of LS50 Meta and LS50 Wireless II. In 2021, the Michael Young designed KC62 subwoofer was launched with a new technology called "Uni-Core". This technology combines both drivers into a single motor system allowing cabinet size to be reduced by over a third, while also increasing excursion to generate greater output and depth. In the same year, KEF announced its first automotive partnership with Lotus, bringing its Uni-Q technology in a 10-channel sound system into the Lotus Emira premium sport car. In 2022 the release of new LSX II and LS60 wireless speakers, also designed by Michael Young, received favourable reviews in the specialist and general press, with Wired magazine calling the LS60 an "Absolute Triumph".

Technology

In the early 1970s KEF was the first company to adopt computers for the testing and design of loudspeakers leading to the "Total System Design" methodology and more sophisticated production techniques such as driver "pair matching". The radical Model 105 system, released in 1977, embodied this new philosophy and was one of the most highly regarded loudspeakers of its time.  KEF, Bowers & Wilkins and Celestion were the "big three" British loudspeaker makers of the seventies and eighties, and pioneered the use of advanced materials and techniques in audio.

Other technologies developed and brought to the market by KEF have included:
driver decoupling (Model 105.2, 1979), a technique of reducing cabinet coloration by mounting drivers via controlled lossy coupling
coupled-cavity bass loading (Model 104/2, 1984), a technique of pairing two bass drive units and feeding their output via a single port
conjugate load matching (Model 104/2, 1984), a crossover optimisation technique that presents a constant (albeit low) ohmic load to the amplifier
the "KEF Universal Bass Equaliser" (aka "KUBE") (Model 107, 1986), a technique to overcome the unavoidable phase lag present at low frequencies
Uni-Q (C-Series, 1988), a patented implementation of coincident midrange and tweeter drivers that strives to preserve phase integrity and match dispersion between the drivers resulting in improved stereo imagery. It enlarged the optimum listening area, allowing everyone sitting at different spots in the room to experience the same quality sound.
Acoustic Compliance Enhancement (ACE) (Muon, 2005), a technology that enables the same bass performance as a conventional speaker of twice the size
Single Apparent Source Technology (Blade, 2011), a technique of configuring speakers to cover the entire bandwidth of the loudspeaker, enables all frequencies appear to radiate from one single point.
Metamaterial Absorption Technology (MAT) (LS50 Meta 2020), a complex maze-like structure, where each of the intricate channels absorbs a specific frequency. When combined, the channels absorb the unwanted sound that comes from the rear of the tweeter, thereby reducing distortion and improving sound clarity.
Uni-Core (KC62, 2021), a patent-pending technology, combines the dual force-cancelling drive units into a single motor system with the overlapping voice coils concentrically arranged thus reducing the size of the speaker or subwoofer cabinet.

Uni-Q Technology
Developed by KEF in 1988, the Uni-Q driver array combines the midrange and woofer to avoid driver to driver interference. It acts as a single point source, providing pristine sound across a wider area. In conventional loudspeakers, mid and high frequencies radiating from different locations interfere with each other. Uni-Q places the tweeter at the centre of the bass/midrange cone, dispersing these different frequencies from a single point source, so interference issues are avoided, and the sound is less distorted. With Uni-Q's single point source design, all frequencies reach your ear at the same time. The sound is therefore more accurate and realistic than with conventional loudspeakers, where the output from each separate driver arrives at slightly different times, causing the sound to be smeared and less natural sounding.

Metamaterial Absorption Technology (aka 'MAT')
MAT is a joint development with the Acoustic Metamaterials Group. Metamaterials are specially developed structures that use existing materials in such a way that they exhibit new, desirable properties that are simply not found in naturally occurring substances. KEF is the first loudspeaker manufacturer who deployed metamaterial in Hi-Fi speakers. MAT is a maze-like structure, where each of the intricate channels efficiently absorbs a specific frequency. This maze-like structure is a compact disc sits behind the tweeter which absorbs unwanted sound radiating from the rear of the driver, reducing distortion and enabling the prevention of audio distraction.

Metamaterial Absorption Technology (MAT) has been awarded 'Innovation of the Year' in 2020 What Hi-Fi? Awards. Metamaterial Absorption Technology (MAT) was first introduced with the KEF LS50 Meta and LS50 Wireless II (2020). The LS50 Meta and LS50 Wireless II have also been awarded with 'Product of the Year' in the Stereo speakers category and All-in-one-system category in the What Hi-Fi? Awards respectively.

Uni-Core Technology
Uni-Core technology, a patent-pending technology, combines two force-cancelling drivers into a single motor system. The overlapping voice coils are in different diameters and concentrically arranged. This configuration allows for more driver excursion than in other force cancelling design, delivering more output and depth from less cabinet size. The technology was first applied in the KC62 subwoofer (2021). The compact subwoofer is only the size of a football, equipped with two 6.5inch force cancelling drive units powered by 1,000W RMS of Class D amplification. KEF KC62 subwoofer was judged to be the very best in EISA's HiFi Subwoofer 2021–2022 category and awarded "Product of the Year 2021" in subwoofer category in StereoNET.

Single Apparent Source Technology
In a conventional loudspeaker design, drivers producing different frequencies radiate from separate points causing interference as the drivers interact. Single Apparent Source Technology eliminates this interference by ensuring the entire frequency range radiates from one point in space, resulting precise imaging and highly accurate sound across a wider area. To achieve a single point source, four low-frequency drivers in symmetrically opposing pairs are tightly packed around a two-way Uni-Q driver where the mid-frequency and high-frequency share the same acoustic centre. This technique was implemented to the Concept Blade in 2011 which KEF called it the world's first Single Apparent Source loudspeaker.

Products

HiFi Speakers
Muon
Blade and Blade 2 Meta
The Reference
R Series
Q Series
LS50 Meta
T Series

Wireless HiFi Speakers

LS60 Wireless
 LS50 Wireless II
 LSX
 LSX 'Soundwave Edition'
 LSX II
 EGG Duo

Headphones

 Mu3 TWS
 Mu7 Over-Ear

Subwoofers

 Reference 8b
 KF92
 KC62
 KUBE
 T2

Architectural

 THX Extreme Home Theatre
 In-wall Speakers
 in-ceiling Speakers
 Outdoor Speakers

References

External links

 Company website KEF loudspeakers
KEF Reference 207/2 loudspeaker review by stereophile.com 17 February 2008
KEF Reference 1 Bookshelf Loudspeaker (archive-link)

Electronics companies established in 1961
Loudspeaker manufacturers
Audio equipment manufacturers of the United Kingdom
English brands
1961 establishments in England


Hartington Hall is a much altered and extended 17th-century manor house at Hartington, Derbyshire, now a youth hostel.

The Hall was built by the Bateman family.  They were a well-established Norfolk family who settled at Hartington in the 16th century.  Richard Bateman married Ellen Toplis of Tissington and it was their eldest son, Hugh, who built the new manor house at Hartington in 1611. In 1862 Thomas Osborne Bateman oversaw  the substantial alteration and extension. The work was carried out by Henry Isaac Stevens of Derby.

The house is built to an H plan: the main entrance front has three storeys and three gabled bays, the central bay recessed with an off-centre porch entrance. The dates of building and alterations are recorded on a lintel above the door. It is now a Grade II listed building.

The Batemans remained at Hartington until the 20th century. In 1934 the property was opened as a youth hostel by the Youth Hostels Association (YHA) and became the property of YHA in 1948. Though it retains dormitory accommodation, it has many small rooms with ensuite facilities. There is a restaurant on site, open to the public as well as guests.   A popular wedding venue, it also has a bridal suite.  It has been claimed that Bonnie Prince Charlie stayed at the Hall during the Jacobite rising of 1745.

See also
Listed buildings in Hartington Town Quarter

References

See also
Hostel

Grade II listed buildings in Derbyshire
Country houses in Derbyshire
Youth hostels in England and Wales
1611 establishments in England


A T.I.M.E. (A Torah Infertility Medium of Exchange), a New York-based non-profit support group for Orthodox Jewish infertile couples. A TIME also works to educate doctors in halachic matters and rabbis in the latest fertility treatments.

History
A TIME was established in Brooklyn, New York in 1993 by Rabbi Shaul and Brany Rosen, a Bobov Chassidic couple as a social support network for Jewish couples experiencing infertility.

Currently, the organization has over 7,700 registered members and branch offices operate in the United States, Canada, England and Israel.

Services
The organization offers services including: social support forums for couples, coordinating resources for financial aid for treatments, educational programs, physician referrals, adoption services, and a pregnancy loss support program. The organization also publishes a quarterly magazine that includes up-to-date information on the latest fertility technologies.

See also
 Bonei Olam
 Religious response to ART
 Puah Institute

References

External links
 A T.I.M.E. web site

Obstetrics and gynaecology organizations
Haredi Judaism in New York City
Jews and Judaism in Brooklyn
Jewish organizations based in New York City
1993 establishments in New York City
Jewish organizations established in 1993
Jewish medical organizations


The Joy-Nostalg Center (styled Joy~Nostalg Center), is a mixed-use office and serviced apartment in Ortigas Center, Pasig, Philippines. It houses the headquarters of local and multinational companies while the five-star serviced apartment is operated by AccorHotels, formerly Oakwood Premier. The building is developed and owned by Quantuvis Resources Corporation.

Architecture
The Joy-Nostalg Center was conceptualized and master-planned by Architects Esteban Y. Tan and Gavino L. Tan Partners, while interior design specifics were designed conceptually by Lee Designs (the Interior Design firm of C.Y. Lee & Partners) and executed by Leandro V. Locsin & Partners with the hotel/serviced apartments guided by Oakwood Technical Group from Singapore. The façade and interior design concepts were made in collaboration with the Taiwan-based architectural group of C.Y. Lee & Partners, responsible for the concept behind the former tallest building in the world, the Taipei 101.

The Joy-Nostalg Center is a 40-storey mixed use building, with 16 floors of office space, 23 floors of apartment space, and 6 basement parking levels.

Construction
The excavation works for the building started in December 2006, and structural works started by June 2007. The building was topped off on 20 November 2008, and was completed by the 3rd quarter of 2009. The building, together with its main tenant, the Oakwood Premier, had its soft launching on 1 August 2009, and was formally opened on 9 September 2009.

See also
List of tallest buildings in Metro Manila

References

Skyscrapers in Ortigas Center
Hotels in Metro Manila
Residential skyscrapers in Metro Manila
Residential buildings completed in 2009
Skyscraper office buildings in Metro Manila
Office buildings completed in 2009
Hotel buildings completed in 2009
Skyscraper hotels in the Philippines
21st-century architecture in the Philippines


Renaldo Rama (born 27 January 1990) is an Albanian footballer who plays as a forward.

Club career
The central midfielder has previously played for A.O. Kastellas and Olympiacos at youth level and German club TuS Koblenz at senior level, as well as Gramozi Ersekë in Albania.
He made his debut on the professional league level in the 2. Bundesliga for TuS Koblenz on 20 March 2009 when he came on as a substitute in the 83rd minute in a game against FC Hansa Rostock. On 3 February 2009, he signed a contract with TuS Koblenz, but after one year, he resigned and left the team. The next season, Rama signed a contract with KS Apolonia for two years. He managed to play in 29 games with 9 goals. In season 2013–2014, AEK Athens bought him, using his Greek passport (Renaldo Rama finished high school in Greece). He left the club on 3 July 2014.

Rama spent the 2014–15 season at Fostiras in the Greek Football League, he made seventeen appearances and scored twice for the Greek club. Rama then left to join Albanian Superliga club Kukësi on 4 August 2015, he signed a one-year contract with the club.

Honours
AEK Athens
Football League 2: 1
 2014(6th Group)

References

External links

1990 births
Living people
People from Tepelenë
Sportspeople from Gjirokastër County
Albanian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Olympiacos F.C. players
KF Gramozi players
TuS Koblenz players
FK Apolonia Fier players
AEK Athens F.C. players
Fostiras F.C. players
FK Kukësi players
Kategoria Superiore players
2. Bundesliga players
Albanian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Greece
Albanian expatriate sportspeople in Greece
Expatriate men's footballers in Germany
Albanian expatriate sportspeople in Germany


Cupriavidus metallidurans is a non-spore-forming, Gram-negative bacterium which is adapted to survive several forms of heavy metal stress.

As a model and industrial system
Cupriavidus metallidurans is a bacterial species that belongs to the same family as Ralstonia solanacearum, a plant pathogen.

This species is of ecological and industrial importance, as its relatives dominate mesophilic environments contaminated with heavy metals. C. metallidurans is used in the industrial sector for both heavy metal remediation and sensing.

This aerobic chemolithoautotroph is capable of growing in a mineral salts environment with H2, O2, and CO2 without an organic carbon source. Its energy-providing subsystem is composed of only the hydrogenase, the respiratory chain, and the F1F0-ATPase, which remain separate from the anabolic subsystems.

C. metallidurans can also degrade xenobiotics in conditions with high levels of heavy metals.

Strain CH34 has adapted to these harsh conditions through multiple heavy-metal resistance systems, encoded by the two indigenous megaplasmids, pMOL28 and pMOL30, on its chromosome(s).

Ecology

C. metallidurans plays a vital role, together with Delftia acidovorans, in the formation of gold nuggets. It precipitates metallic gold from a solution of gold(III) chloride, a compound highly toxic to most other microorganisms.

As a pathogen
A case of a 74 year old man infected with Cupriavidus metallidurans has been documented, possibly raising concerns about the safety of using the bacteria for industrial purposes.

References

External links
Article at Live Science
Type strain of Cupriavidus metallidurans at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase

Burkholderiaceae
Metallotolerants
Bacteria described in 2001


What a Carve Up! is a 1961 British comedy-horror film directed by Pat Jackson and starring Sid James, Kenneth Connor, and Shirley Eaton. It was released in the United States in 1962 as No Place Like Homicide.
The film was loosely based on the 1928 novel The Ghoul by Frank King. A previous version, titled The Ghoul, was filmed in 1933 by Gaumont-British Pictures.

Plot
The relatives of Gabriel Broughton are summoned to Blackshaw Towers, an old, isolated country house in the middle of moorlands in Yorkshire, to hear the reading of his will. Gabriel's nervous nephew Ernest Broughton brings along his flatmate Syd Butler for support. At the large, gloomy mansion, they meet Guy Broughton, Ernest's cousin; Malcolm Broughton, a piano player who claims everyone is "quite mad"; Janet Broughton and Dr Edward Broughton, Guy's sister and father, respectively; Emily Broughton, a dotty old woman who believes the First World War is still on; and Linda Dixon, Gabriel's nurse. To their surprise, the solicitor Everett Sloane reveals that they have all inherited nothing, except for Linda, who is bequeathed Gabriel's medicines and syringe, much to her amusement.

The lights go out, and Ernest and Syd accompany Fisk, the butler, outside to try to effect repairs. They are unsuccessful, but on the way back, they find the body of Dr. Broughton. Syd states it was murder, but when he tries to telephone the police, he discovers the wire has been cut. With everyone stranded for the night, Sloane recommends they all lock themselves in their rooms. Ernest gets lost and enters Linda's room by mistake. She proposes that he stay the night with her, but he beats a hasty retreat and persuades the imperturbable Syd to share his room.

When Ernest goes to use the toilet, someone tries to stab the sleeping Syd, then desists when he speaks up. Ernest starts playing "Chopsticks" on the organ. Malcolm joins him in a duet, but is stabbed in the back. Ernest's screams bring the others, and Sloane observes that the room was locked from the inside, so the solicitor recommends locking him in. Syd stays with Ernest, certain he is not the killer. They discover a secret passage, uncovering the means by which the murderer was able to leave the locked room. The survivors decide to remain together in the lounge for safety, but Janet is struck by a poison dart shot from behind a painting on the wall. They suspect Fisk, who was not present, but he has an airtight alibi. Sloane decides on his own to go to the village and fetch the police. When the others return to the room, Emily, who remained behind, insists she spoke to Gabriel. Syd and Guy check the coffin, but Gabriel's body is there. Then Ernest claims he also saw Gabriel. He finds another secret passage that leads to the now empty coffin, and then Guy also disappears, along with a small pistol he had in his possession.

Finally Police Inspector Arkwright arrives. He is sceptical that murders have been committed, especially since there are no bodies, but then Guy's is found. When Ernest goes to fetch Syd, they find the dead Sloane in a fountain outside, proving he could not have sent the policeman. However, the inspector - Gabriel in disguise - still manages to take them all prisoner with Guy's pistol. He explains his motive, that his relatives sponged off of him for years and treated him badly. He then locks up Syd, Ernest, Emily and Linda and sets starving dogs on them, but when he tries to shoot Fisk whilst fleeing, he misses and triggers a lethal trap instead, which drops a chandelier on him. The dogs, it turns out, were fed by Fisk, so they constitute no danger. The next day, to Ernest's disappointment, Linda's boyfriend (played by uncredited Adam Faith) comes to collect her.

Cast
The cast includes some of the famous faces from the Carry On series, namely Sid James and Kenneth Connor (and Shirley Eaton had been in three Carry On titles prior), mixed with familiar horror/mystery actors like Donald Pleasence, Michael Gough, and Hammer regular Michael Gwynn.

Sid James as Syd Butler, a bookmaker who acts as Ernest's legal advisor
Kenneth Connor as Ernest Broughton, a proofreader and nephew of the deceased
Shirley Eaton as Linda Dixon, a pretty nurse who likes Ernie
Dennis Price as Guy Broughton, Ernie's cousin, an ex-officer and a heavy drinker
Donald Pleasence as Everett Sloane, a solicitor
Michael Gough as Fisk, the Butler
Esma Cannon as Emily Broughton, the aunt of Ernest, Guy and Janet
Valerie Taylor as Janet Broughton, Guy's grasping sister
Michael Gwynn as Malcolm Broughton
George Woodbridge as Dr Edward Broughton, the brother of Gabriel and father of Janet and Guy
Philip O'Flynn as Gabriel Broughton and Arkwright, the Police Inspector
Frederick Piper as the Hearse Driver
Timothy Bateson as the Porter
Adam Faith in an uncredited role as himself

Reception
"At one point in No Place Like Homicide, a giggling maniac threatens to feed the rest of the cast to a pack of starving mongrels. 'Oh, blimey', smirks one of the victims, 'we're going to the dogs'. The rest of the humour in this ostensible British farce is on a similar level. The fact that a film of this degree of vulgarity and ineptitude should have managed a week's booking at neighbourhood theatres throughout Manhattan demonstrates just how acute the motion picture product shortage really is." - New York Times, 13 September 1962.

In his book Comedy-Horror Films: A Chronological History, 1914-2008, Bruce G. Hallenbeck called What a Carve Up! "one of the better horror spoofs of the decade", citing its mixture of Carry On-style comedy and haunted house plot, charming period tone, and "creepy atmosphere that ranks with some of the best serious horror films."

The film was used extensively within Jonathan Coe's satirical novel What a Carve Up! The book's protagonist, Michael Owen, becomes obsessed with the film after first watching it as a young boy. Additionally, the last part of the book follows the plot of the film.

DVD release
What a Carve Up! was released on DVD in the U.K. on 11 August 2008.

References

External links

1961 films
1961 horror films
1960s comedy horror films
1960s comedy mystery films
British black-and-white films
British comedy horror films
Films based on British novels
Films directed by Pat Jackson
Films set in country houses
Films set in Yorkshire
1961 comedy films
1960s English-language films
1960s British films
English-language comedy horror films


A stannide can refer to an intermetallic compound containing tin combined with one or more other metals; an anion consisting solely of tin atoms or a compound containing such an anion, or, in the field of organometallic chemistry an ionic compound containing an organotin anion  (e.g.see an alternative name for such  a compound is stannanide.)

Binary alkali and alkaline earth stannides
When tin is combined with an alkali or alkaline earth metal some of the compounds formed have ionic structures containing monatomic or polyatomic tin anions (Zintl ions), such as Sn4− in Mg2Sn or  in K4Sn9.
Even with these metals not all of the compounds formed can be considered to be ionic with localised bonding, for example  Sr3Sn5, a metallic compound, contains {Sn5} square pyramidal units.

Ternary alkali and alkaline earth stannides
Ternary (where there is an alkali or alkaline earth metal, a transition metal as well as tin e.g. LiRh3Sn5 and MgRuSn4) have been investigated.

Other metal stannides
Binary (involving one other metal) and ternary (involving two other metals) intermetallic stannides have been investigated. Niobium stannide, Nb3Sn is perhaps the best known superconducting tin intermetallics. This is more commonly called "niobium-tin".

Stannide ions,
Some examples of stannide Zintl ions are listed below. Some of them contain 2-centre 2-electron bonds (2c-2e), others are "electron deficient" and bonding sometimes can be described using polyhedral skeletal electron pair theory (Wade's rules) where the number of valence electrons contributed by each tin atom is considered to be 2 (the s electrons do not contribute). There are some examples of silicide and plumbide ions with similar structures, for example tetrahedral , the chain anion (Si2−)n,  and .
Sn4− found for example in Mg2Sn.
, tetrahedral with 2c-2e bonds e.g. in CsSn.
, tetrahedral closo-cluster with  10 electrons (2n + 2).
(Sn2−)n zig-zag chain polymeric anion with 2c-2e bonds found for example in BaSn.
 closo-cluster, 12 electrons (2n + 2), (i.e. trigonal bipyramidal) in (2,2,2-crypt-Na)2Sn5.
 polymeric two-dimensional anion in NaSn2.
 nido-cluster 22 electrons (2n + 4), capped square antiprismatic with  as per polyhedral skeletal electron pair theory, in the intermetallic K4Sn9, and a distorted ion in the salt Na4Sn9·7 en.
 a paramagnetic, 21 electrons, closo- cluster anion (D3h symmetry), 1 more electron than the 20 (2n + 2) predicted by polyhedral skeletal electron pair theory.
 polymeric two-dimensional anion in Na7Sn12

References

Tin
Intermetallics
Anions
Cluster chemistry


This is a list of high sheriffs in England and Wales, and of sheriffs in Northern Ireland, for 2009.  The appointments for England and Wales are announced each year around March.  The majority of appointments are made by Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom and Privy Council.  However, the appointment for Cornwall is in the gift of the Duchy of Cornwall, and those for Greater Manchester, Lancashire and Merseyside are in the gift of the Duchy of Lancaster.

Northern Irish appointments are made in December of the preceding year, or in January, by the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland.

The High Sheriff of Bedfordshire (Cynthia Mary Gresham)
The High Sheriff of Berkshire (Dr Christina Bernadette Thérèse Hill Williams)
The High Sheriff of Buckinghamshire (Allan Thomas Westray)
The High Sheriff of Cambridgeshire (The Lady De Ramsey)
The High Sheriff of Cheshire (William Gordon Fergusson)
The High Sheriff of the City of Bristol (Dr Timothy Lachlan Chambers)
The High Sheriff of Clwyd (Henry Geoffrey Robertson)
The High Sheriff of Cornwall (Iain Anthony Mackie)
The High Sheriff of Cumbria (Elizabeth Honor Susan Thornely)
The High Sheriff of Derbyshire (Sir Henry John Michael Every)
The High Sheriff of Devon (Edward David Fursdon)
The High Sheriff of Dorset (Victoria Mary McDonaugh)
The High Sheriff of Durham (Alasdair MacConachie)
The High Sheriff of Dyfed (Gareth Rowlands)
The High Sheriff of the East Riding of Yorkshire (Patrick William Farnsworth)
The High Sheriff of East Sussex (William Thomas Cornelius Shelford)
The High Sheriff of Essex (Rupert Seymour Gosling)
The High Sheriff of Gloucestershire (Anne Chambers)
The High Sheriff of Greater London (Andrew Vladimir Rhydwen Morgan)
The High Sheriff of Greater Manchester (Christian Wewer)
The High Sheriff of Gwent (Stephen James Brindley Hughes)
The High Sheriff of Gwynedd (Trevor Norman Corbett)
The High Sheriff of Hampshire (Clare Virginia Bartlett)
The High Sheriff of Herefordshire (Gilbert Greenall)
The High Sheriff of Hertfordshire (Jane Wentworth-Stanley)
The High Sheriff of the Isle of Wight (Gabrielle Anne Lynam Edwards)
The High Sheriff of Kent (Jane Margaret Rogers)
The High Sheriff of Lancashire (Caroline Susan Reynolds )
The High Sheriff of Leicestershire (Maurice Nicholas Beech Thompson)
The High Sheriff of Lincolnshire (Lady Sarah McCorquodale)
The High Sheriff of Merseyside (David Croft McDonnell)
The High Sheriff of Mid Glamorgan (John Anthony Tal-Williams)
The High Sheriff of Norfolk (Robert George Russell Carter)
The High Sheriff of Northamptonshire (Susan Deirdre Fenwick)
The High Sheriff of Northumberland (John Hamilton Blackett-Ord)
The High Sheriff of North Yorkshire (Francesca Ann Horsfield)
The High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire (John Michael Rowen)
The High Sheriff of Oxfordshire (Charles Richard Dick)
The High Sheriff of Powys (David Thomas Marner Lloyd)
The High Sheriff of Rutland (Elizabeth Anne Mills)
The High Sheriff of Shropshire (Anna Turner)
The High Sheriff of Somerset (John Alvis)
The High Sheriff of South Glamorgan (Professor Anthony James Hazell)
The High Sheriff of South Yorkshire (Helena Muller)
The High Sheriff of Staffordshire (Richard Byrd Levett Haszard)
The High Sheriff of Suffolk (James Kennedy Buckle)
The High Sheriff of Surrey (Lady Elizabeth Toulson)
The High Sheriff of Tyne and Wear (Gavin MacFarlane Black)
The High Sheriff of Warwickshire (The Lady Kilmaine)
The High Sheriff of West Glamorgan (Dr Ronald Bryn John)
The High Sheriff of the West Midlands (Paul Bassi)
The High Sheriff of West Sussex (Simon Fairfax Knight)
The High Sheriff of West Yorkshire (Jeremy John Burton)
The High Sheriff of Wiltshire (Robert Charles Floyd)
The High Sheriff of Worcestershire (Gilbert Greenall)

Northern Ireland

The High Sheriff of Antrim (Nigel Dobbs)
The High Sheriff of Armagh (Dr Gerard Patrick Millar)
The High Sheriff of Down (Lady Augusta Nicholson)
The High Sheriff of Fermanagh (Helen Lanigan Wood)
The High Sheriff of County Londonderry (David George Henderson)
The High Sheriff of Tyrone (Dr Brendan J. O’Hare)
The High Sheriff of Belfast (Francis Samuel McCoubrey)
The Sheriff of the County Borough of Londonderry (Ian Crowe)

See also
 List of High Sheriffs of the United Kingdom (current)
 List of High Sheriffs of England, Wales and Northern Ireland 2008
 List of High Sheriffs of the United Kingdom 2007

References

High Sheriffs
High Sheriffs
High Sheriffs
2009 in the United Kingdom


Ali Mohammed Hajyano () is a suspect in what has been known as the "White Corolla Case" in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.

Background
Hajyano, a native Karachi had previously been arrested wearing an army officers uniform (it is a crime in Pakistan to impersonate a military officer). He had been having an affair with a married woman and had claimed to be an army officer to her. He was later released on bail and went to Saudi Arabia.

Cover Story of White Corolla Case
The statements of Ali Mohammed Hajyano, accused in 32 FIRs of various crimes including murder, dacoity, burglary and sexual abuse, have left police officials startled over the viciousness of his crimes.

Policemen investigating what is known as the White Corolla car case, because this was the automobile that was used in most of the crimes, are startled by the manner and brazenness with which these crimes were committed allegedly by Hajyano, officials said.

Hajyano not only robbed several families and couples but in many instances abused the women present at the scene of the crime.

Investigators probing Mohammed Ali Hajyano said that there were about a total of 32 FIRs registered against the accused persons at various police stations of Clifton. Twelve cases were registered against them after their arrest.

Murder case: They have also been arrested in a murder case committed in the jurisdiction of the Boat Basin police station. Hajyano has been identified in more than 10 cases so far. In many other cases, victims are afraid to come forward owing to the brutality of the crimes.

In a statement given to investigators, Hajyano said that he was a resident of Defense society, was born in Karachi and had studied till Intermediate. He is married and his wife is a doctor, and he has one son.

Moreover, he further disclosed that about two years before he had had an affair with a woman to whom he claimed he was an army officer. He was arrested by the Darakhshan police at the time while wearing an army uniform but was later bailed out. Following this incident, Hajyano went to Saudi Arabia but returned within a year. On his return, he decided to turn to robberies and crime. He met with a man called Umair Khan, a mechanic by profession.

For their crimes, they selected a white Corolla car which Umair hired from a shop in DHA. According to the statement, in March 2008, the men were roaming in Defense and hijacked a couple in a Baleno car and at gunpoint robbed cash and jewelry and assaulted the man and threatened him.

After three days, Hajyano and his accomplice again rented a Corolla and this time robbed a girl along with her mother but did not assault them. In this crime, they adopted the idea of wearing wigs and hats to protect their identity. This disguise continued.

Soon after, however, the crimes turned vicious when the duo trapped a couple outside a fast food chain in Defense society and robbed them. This time, Hajyano sexually abused the man's wife, according to the statement that he gave investigators.

Moreover, using the same white car, they hijacked two girls along with their car in Phase 2, DHA and snatched their purses and jewellery and fled.

Two days later he again used his white Corolla, changed its original number plate, and robbed three cars with couples and looted cash and jewellery.

In the third incident, they robbed a young woman who was driving alone in her car at Khayaban-e-Ittehad. The two men forced their way into the girl's car, looted cash and jewellery and then Hajyano sexually abused her, according to the statement.

Two days after this offense, they went to the Sea View area and forced a woman driving a Cultus car to stop and kidnapped her. They then sexually abused this woman, investigators quoted Hajyano as saying.

Robbery spree: After a few days, he, along with Umair, went to DHA after changing the car's number plate again. They then moved towards the Marina Club. Here they saw a couple sitting in a car. They snatched the couple's purses, jewellery and cellphones. On the same day, they also robbed another couple at Sea View and also snatched their laptop computer and a gold chain.

On the same day, in the Sea View area they stopped a car in which three women were sitting and looted gold bangles and chains and fled. Later that night, they had robbed a couple with children sitting in their jeep behind the Misri Shah Shrine in Defence.

Three days after this offence, the duo again went to Sea View, where they saw a couple sitting inside a car. In this instance, they forced the man into the Corolla at gunpoint and then proceeded to abuse the woman. Not content with this act, they then committed another robbery soon after, investigators said.

Hajyano's detailed statements make chilling reading. A couple of days after their night of repeated crimes, they went to Defense and while driving saw a couple along with their children in a car. The two criminals stopped the car and looted the family.

On the same night, a short distance from the place, they robbed two aged women sitting in their car. They then saw two men and a girl in a Mercedes car, and robbed them too.

In his detailed statement, Hajyano said that two days later, he along with Umair went to Defense after changing the number plate of the car and stopped a car in DHA, Phase-VII and robbed a couple and fled.

On the same night, they went to Phase-II and looted two girls returning from their tuition center and also snatched two laptop computers before fleeing. On the next day, in the same area, he stopped a car in which a girl was sitting and sexually abused her.

Two days later, in Darakhshan area, Hajyano signaled a car to stop. When the driver did not comply, Hajyano shot at the car. He then robbed the occupants. Nearby he saw a white Corolla car in which a woman was sitting. Hajyano forcibly entered the car and assaulted the woman.

Murder of Eunuch: In September 2008, the duo shot a eunuch. Mistaking him for a girl, they approached and pointed a pistol at him. On seeing the pistol, the eunuch fled but Hajyano opened fire, which led to the eunuch's death.

In a statement given to investigators, Hajyano said that in every sexual abuse case, he committed the offence and his accomplice, Umair, had no interest. Umair's duty was to change the number plate of the car. He would do this by removing the number plates of cars in parking lots and affixing them to his car.

The robbed jewellery was sold by Hajyano when he went to Sarafa Bazaar, Saddar, in a Mercedes car.

Hajyano's luck finally ran out, however, when he was robbing a girl in front of the Nisar Shaheed Park, when a police mobile van caught him after an encounter.

Women rights groups have called for exemplary punishment for Hajyano while his father contends that Hajyano is innocent and is being tortured by the police.

Capture
The case was given great media attention in Pakistan and Hajyano was arrested in early February 2009.

External links

Crime in Karachi
2009 in Pakistan
2015 in Pakistan
Rape in Pakistan


Damien Farquet  (born 1971) is a Swiss ski mountaineer and cross-country skier. Professionally he is deployed in the Border Guard Corps and lives in Le Châble.

Selected results
 1994:
 1st, Patrouille de la Maya A-course, together with Jean Moix and Michel Cheseaux
 2000:
 1st and course record, Tour de Matterhorn (together with Emanuel Buchs and Rico Elmer)
 2002:
 1st, Patrouille de la Maya A-course, together with Rico Elmer and Rolf Zurbrügg
 2003:
 1st, Trophée des Gastlosen, together with Rico Elmer
 1st, European Championship team race (together with Rico Elmer)
 5th, European Championship combination ranking
 6th Pierra Menta (together with Rico Elmer)
 10th, European Championship single race
 2004:
 3rd, Transcavallo race (together with Rico Elmer)

Patrouille des Glaciers

 1996, 1st (international military teams ranking), together with Emanuel Buchs and André Rey
 1998: 1st, together with Pvt E-2 Emanuel Buchs and Pvt E-2 Rico Elmer
 2000: 1st and course record, together with Pvt E-2 Emanuel Buchs and Pvt E-2 Rico Elmer
 2004: 3rd, together with Rolf Zurbrügg and Rico Elmer

Trofeo Mezzalama

 2001: 4th, together with Emanuel Buchs and Rico Elmer
 2003: 1st, together with Rolf Zurbrügg and Rico Elmer

External links

References

1971 births
Living people
Swiss male ski mountaineers
Swiss military patrol (sport) runners
Swiss male cross-country skiers
People from Bagnes
Skiers from Valais


Farquet may refer to:

 Damien Farquet (b. 1971), Swiss ski mountaineer and cross-country skier
 Ernest Farquet (b. 1975), Swiss ski mountaineer


5x5=25 was a two-part abstract art exhibition held in September–October 1921 in Moscow. The five artists whose work was shown were Aleksandra Ekster, Lyubov Popova, Alexander Rodchenko, Varvara Stepanova and Alexander Vesnin. They presented highly abstracted, geometric work that rejected expressionist forms of painting common before the World War I and claimed to be the "end" or "death" of art.

Rodchenko presented three canvases of a single colour (red, yellow and blue). He saw that his formal research into Constructivism had reached completion at this point, and claimed that he had demonstrated the "end of painting". The exhibition has been considered an anti-painting manifesto.

Lyubov Popova showed canvases almost bare, puzzling viewers and provoking hail from the critics. Her "flight from painting" influenced Wassily Kandinsky, Mark Rothko and Ad Reinhardt. Popova herself did not regard her works as "the end"; on the contrary, she wrote, "all pieces presented here should be regarded as merely preparations for concrete construction".

Alexander Vesnin presented five abstract cubist canvases that appear pure abstractions but were, in fact, ultimate decomposition of human figures. Vesnin's catalogue cover, in particular, is typical of his book and advertising art of the period: numbers in two "lines" (5x5 and 25) are offset against the baseline, but this irregularity is "disguised" by angled lines dissecting the space.

Catalogues of the exhibition were hand-drawn by the artists and contained original artwork that has never been displayed publicly. At least ten unique albums survive in Russia to date. The 1921 show was reconstructed in 2009 in London's Tate Gallery. Modern critics remain divided over the question of whether "death of painting" was a genuine statement of modern art or it was a dead end with no future.

References

Sources

Constructivism (art)
1921 in Russia
1921 in art
September 1921 events
October 1921 events


The  is a dual-voltage electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR-West) on limited express services in Japan.

Variants

681-0 series
Four six-car sets (T01–T03, T06) and five three-car sets (T11–T13, T15, T17) are used on Thunderbird services. These trains feature "Thunderbird" branding. Also four six-car sets (W01–W04) and four three-car sets (W11–W14) were used on Hakutaka services. These trains featured "White Wing" logos.

From February 2015, Hakutaka W sets began being repainted into the same livery as 683 series trainsets used on Shirasagi services, with thin blue and orange lines below the window band.

681-1000 series
The pre-series six-car set (T18) and one three-car set (T07) are used on Thunderbird services.

681-2000 series
Two six-car sets (N01–N02) and two three-car sets (N11–N12) were formerly used on Hokuetsu Express Hakutaka services. These trains featured "Snow Rabbit Express" logos.

Interior

Refurbishment
All of the 681 series trainsets used on Thunderbird limited express services underwent a programme of refurbishment from autumn 2015 until the end of fiscal 2018.

References

Further reading

Electric multiple units of Japan
West Japan Railway Company
Train-related introductions in 1992
Hitachi multiple units
Niigata Transys rolling stock
20 kV AC multiple units
Kinki Sharyo multiple units
Kawasaki multiple units
1500 V DC multiple units of Japan


Southey Green may refer to:

Southey, South Yorkshire, England, including the suburb of Southey Green
Southey Green, Essex, hamlet in Essex, England


Mathias Fetsch (born 30 September 1988) is a German professional footballer who plays as a striker for Unterhaching.

Career
Fetsch made his professional debut for TSV 1860 Munich in the 2. Bundesliga on 22 March 2009 when he was substituted in the 83rd minute in a game against SpVgg Greuther Fürth.

On 3 June 2010, he left 1860 Munich to sign for Eintracht Braunschweig. After two years in Braunschweig, Fetsch's contract was not extended, and he signed with Kickers Offenbach for the 2012–13 season.

After Offenbach were relegated at the end of the 2012–13 season, he left for FC Augsburg. As he hardly got any playing time in Augsburg, he was loaned out to 2. Bundesliga team Energie Cottbus until the end of the 2013–14 season. For the 2014–15 season, he was loaned out to Dynamo Dresden.

In July 2017, Fetsch joined Hallescher FC from Holstein Kiel on a free transfer, signing a two-year contract.

In September 2020, he returned to Kickers Offenbach in the Regionalliga Südwest after a seven-year absence.

Career statistics

Honours
SpVgg Unterhaching
 Regionalliga Bayern: 2022–23

References

External links

1988 births
Living people
People from Karlsruhe (district)
Footballers from Karlsruhe (region)
German men's footballers
Germany men's youth international footballers
Men's association football forwards
Karlsruher SC II players
TSV 1860 Munich players
TSV 1860 Munich II players
Eintracht Braunschweig players
Eintracht Braunschweig II players
Kickers Offenbach players
FC Augsburg players
FC Energie Cottbus players
Dynamo Dresden players
Holstein Kiel players
Hallescher FC players
SpVgg Unterhaching players
Bundesliga players
2. Bundesliga players
3. Liga players
Regionalliga players


Krystian Długopolski (born 3 August 1980) is a Polish former ski jumper who competed from 1997 to 2007, mainly at Continental Cup level. His best World Cup finish was tenth in Sapporo on 27 January 2002. In the Summer Grand Prix he finished sixth twice, in both an individual and team event in Hinterzarten on 6–7 August 2005. He also competed at the 1998 Winter Olympics.

References

1980 births
Living people
Polish male ski jumpers
Universiade medalists in ski jumping
Skiers from Zakopane
Universiade bronze medalists for Poland
Medalists at the 2003 Winter Universiade
Olympic ski jumpers for Poland
Ski jumpers at the 1998 Winter Olympics


Chak No. 56/GB Jassuana is a village 10 km from Jaranwala on the Satiana Road in Faisalabad District, Punjab, Pakistan. The bus stop name is Diversion, which is located at a bridge where two canals cross each other. The village area is . There are two primary schools for boys and one for girls. The village is home to professionals working in computer science, medicine, engineering and commerce. The village is situated on a lake where geese and fish can be obtained. The cricket and Kabaddi teams of the town win tournaments every year around the area.

Villages in Faisalabad District


Dajiao, () called the Taiping Qingjiao or Taai ping ching jiu in Hong Kong, () is a Taoist ritual and festival which is performed every year.

The ritual is to pray and request the Taoist Deities to bestow peace and harmony in the particular neighborhood or location. Pak Tai is the most popular Chinese Deity for this religious service and rituals. Believers have to abstain from meat and eat vegetarian food at the festival. It is performed across Greater China: Sichuan, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong and Hong Kong.

Hong Kong
The festival name is transliterated as Tai Ping Ching Chiu from Cantonese. Some of these festivals are called Da Jiu Festival, a famous one of which is the Cheung Chau Bun Festival. This festival is also practiced in Hong Kong in Sheung Shui Wai, New Territories, Yuen Long and Kam Sheung Road.

References

Further reading

External links

 thaiworldview.com - Tai Ping Ching Chiu

Taoist festivals
Festivals in Hong Kong
Religion in Hong Kong


The  is a dual-voltage electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR-West) on limited express services in Japan since 2001.

Variants

683-0 series
The first subseries consists of 54 cars composed of 6 6-car trains (W31–W36) and 6 3-car trains (V31–V36) built in 2001–2002.

683-2000 series
87 cars were built in 3-car and 5-car sets. This subseries was subsequently transferred to the 289 series with their AC equipment removed. The move was made after the opening of the Hokuriku Shinkansen and the associated discontinuation of service by these sets on the Hokuhoku Line.

683-4000 series
108 cars were built in 9-car sets for a total of 12 trainsets.

683-8000 series
This is the designation given to a 6-car train (N03) and a 3-car train (N13) formerly owned by Hokuetsu Express for services on the Hakutaka limited express. At the opening of the Hokuriku Shinkansen in March 2015, the sets were transferred to JR West.

Operations

JR-West
 Thunderbird
 Shirasagi
 Biwako Express
 Ohayō Express
 Oyasumi Express
 Dinostar (from 14 March 2015)
 Noto Kagaribi (from 14 March 2015)
 Kuroshio (from 13 March 2015)

Hokuetsu Express
 Hakutaka (until 12 March 2015)

JR Central
 Home Liner Ōgaki rapid service (until 13 March 2015)
 Home Liner Sekigahara rapid service (until 13 March 2015)

Formations
The various formations are configured as follows.

3-car sets

Thunderbird sets

Shirasagi sets

The KuHa 682 cars are each fitted with one scissors-type pantograph.

5-car sets

Shirasagi sets

The SaHa 682 and KuRo 682 cars are each fitted with one scissors-type pantograph.

6-car sets

Thunderbird sets

The SaHa 682 cars are each fitted with one scissors-type pantograph.

9-car sets

Thunderbird sets

The SaHa 682 cars are each fitted with one single-arm pantograph.

Interior

Refurbishment

All of the 683 series trainsets used on Thunderbird limited express services are scheduled to undergo a programme of refurbishment from autumn 2015 until the end of fiscal 2018. The first set treated, nine-car 683-4000 series set T51, was returned to revenue service in September 2015.

Conversion to 289 series

From 2015, 85 former Shirasagi 683 series vehicles were converted and reformed to become DC-only 289 series EMUs, formed as three-car, four-car, and six-car sets for use on Hashidate, Kinosaki, Kounotori, and Kurioshio limited express services in the Kyoto and Osaka area.

References

Electric multiple units of Japan
West Japan Railway Company
Hitachi multiple units
Train-related introductions in 2001
20 kV AC multiple units
Kawasaki multiple units
1500 V DC multiple units of Japan
Kinki Sharyo multiple units


The Graveyard of the Atlantic Museum is a maritime museum that focuses on the maritime history and shipwrecks of the Outer Banks of North Carolina.  The museum is located in Hatteras Village, the southernmost community on Hatteras Island, North Carolina, and opened in 2002.

Exhibits
The Graveyard of the Atlantic refers to the coastal region of the Outer Banks that contain the remains of hundreds of ships that were sunk due to war, piracy or weather.  The museum's exhibits feature many artifacts recovered from shipwrecks, including a German Enigma machine from the German submarine U-85 that was sunk in 1942.  One gallery focuses on the discovery and exploration of shipwrecks, and the science of preserving these ships and artifacts.

Other exhibits include ship models, exhibits about General Billy Mitchell and his ship bombing demonstrations off the Cape Hatteras coast in 1921, explorers and colonists, lifesaving and rescue operations, and piracy and famous area pirates including Edward Low, Anne Bonny and Blackbeard.  Maritime military displays include American Civil War blockade runners and the sinking of the  ironclad warship, and World War II submarine attacks off the coast.

The museum is a branch museum of the North Carolina Museum of History.

Admission is free, and the museum is open Monday through Saturday.

See also
List of maritime museums in the United States

References

External links

Maritime museums in North Carolina
Museums in Dare County, North Carolina
Hatteras Island
Historic Albemarle Tour
Museums established in 2002
2002 establishments in North Carolina


The Seoul Spring (Korean:서울의 봄) was a period of democratization in South Korea from 26 October 1979 to 17 May 1980. This expression was derived from the Prague Spring of Czechoslovakia in 1968.

The assassination of President Park Chung-hee on 26 October 1979 by Kim Jae-gyu, terminating his dictatorship, was expected to democratize South Korea by people who revived democratization movements.

The National Conference for Unification tried to nominate Choi Kyu-hah to succeed Park Chung-hee as President through the upcoming indirect election. Then, some anti-government figures held a fake wedding ceremony - in order to gather people, getting around the law prohibiting any political meeting - to denounce the martial law, the army, and the National Conference for Unification; after the event the army arrested 140 participants, including 14 people delivered to the Defence Security Command in Yongsan-gu being tortured. After the large-scale demonstration in Seoul Station, general Chun Doo-hwan, holding de facto power at that time, declared martial law before sending the army to Ewha Womans University to arrest students representatives who had gathered there. The Seoul Spring effectively came to a close with the Gwangju Massacre on 18 May 1980, which spurred future social movements toward democratization in the country.

See also
Prague Spring

References

Protests in South Korea
South Korean democracy movements
1970s in Seoul
1979 in South Korea
1980 in South Korea
Choi Kyu-hah
Chun Doo-hwan
Roh Tae-woo
Gwangju Uprising
1980s in Seoul


The 1996 Speedway Grand Prix of Denmark was the sixth and last race of the 1996 Speedway Grand Prix season. It took place on 21 September in the Speedway Center in Vojens, Denmark It was second Danish SGP and was won by American rider Billy Hamill. It was third win of his career.

Starting positions draw

The Speedway Grand Prix Commission nominated Piotr Protasiewicz from Poland as Wild Card.
 Draw 18.  (14) Gary Havelock →  (19) Tomasz Gollob

Heat details

The final classification

See also
 Speedway Grand Prix
 List of Speedway Grand Prix riders

References

External links
 FIM-live.com
 SpeedwayWorld.tv

Speedway Grand Prix of Denmark
D
1996


The Virtual Collection of Asian Masterpieces (VCM) shares more than 2,700 Masterpieces of Asian culture online. Since its launch in 2007 more than 145 museums in Asia and Europe have joined the VCM.

The VCM is originally a project of the ASEMUS - the Asia-Europe Museums Network. The VCM is now led by a consortium of five Asian and European museums:
National Museum of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
Chester Beatty Library, Dublin, Ireland
National Museum of Ethnology (Rijksmuseum Volkenkunde), Leiden, The Netherlands
Tropenmuseum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Museum of World Culture, Gothenburg, Sweden

References

External links
Official site

Art websites
Works about the arts
Asian art


Devon Birds, known as the Devon Bird Watching & Preservation Society from its founding in 1928 until it as renamed in 2005, is one of the UK's regional ornithological societies.

History and work
The society was formed for birdwatchers and ornithologists in Devon, England, in 1928, making it one of the oldest ornithological societies in the country.  It organises lectures, field trips and research, and publishes newsletters bimonthly and reports three times a year. It is a registered charity, number 228966. The society's logo is a Montagu's harrier.  The differences between the hen harrier and the Montagu's were first described by George Montagu, a naturalist based in Kingsbridge.

It is responsible for, or is involved in, a number of reserves.  These include South Milton Ley; a site at Prawle Point; a hide at Fernworthy Reservoir on Dartmoor; a site at Bradiford; and a ringing hut at Slapton Ley, data from which has been passed to the British Trust for Ornithology since 1960 for inclusion in national and international records and studies.

The society is a member of the Devon Biodiversity Steering Group and provides data to various environmental plans initiated by Devon County Council—for instance, in 2005 it contributed data to the Devon Biodiversity Action Plan. In 1993 and 2003 the society was a major partner in the barn owl surveys undertaken in Devon by the Barn Owl Trust, and in 2009 it is helping fund a project to boost the birds' numbers in West Devon.

In 2002 it was reported in the national press that Gordon Vaughan, a chairman of the society, and one of Devon's most respected ornithologists, had discovered that dormice, newly emerged from hibernation, were eating the eggs of pied flycatchers, a rare bird in Devon.

Notable members
Past and present

Tony Soper – DBWPS President 1969–1970
Dr. Janet Kear OBE – DBWPS President 1995–2003

Publications
 Bi-monthly Bulletin
 Devon Birds published three times a year and incorporating the Annual Report

See also
 Lundy - Conservation work part funded by Devon Birds
 South Milton Ley - SSSI part managed as a nature reserve by Devon Birds

References

External links
Devon Birds website
Lundy Field society bibliography
Funding of Lundy Field Society work via Devon Birds publication

Bird conservation organizations
Ornithological organisations in the United Kingdom
Environment of Devon
Environmental organisations based in England
Organisations based in Devon
Scientific organizations established in 1928
1928 establishments in England
1928 in the environment
Charities based in Devon
Conservation in England


FC Stavropol () was a Russian football club from Stavropol, founded in 2005. It was playing on the amateur level since its founding until 2008, when FC Stavropol came 2nd in the South zone of the Amateur Football League and advanced to the Russian Second Division. In February 2010, FC Stavropol dropped out of the Russian Second Division for financial reasons.

External links
Official Website

References

Association football clubs established in 2005
Association football clubs disestablished in 2010
Defunct football clubs in Russia
Sport in Stavropol
2005 establishments in Russia
2010 disestablishments in Russia


The 1986 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various organizations and writers that chose College Football All-America Teams in 1986. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) recognizes five selectors as "official" for the 1986 season. They are: (1) the American Football Coaches Association (AFCA); (2) the Associated Press (AP) selected based on the votes of sports writers at AP newspapers; (3) the Football Writers Association of America (FWAA); (4) the United Press International (UPI) selected based on the votes of sports writers at UPI newspapers; and (5) the Walter Camp Football Foundation (WC).  Other notable selectors included Football News the Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA), Scripps Howard (SH), and The Sporting News (TSN).

Consensus All-Americans
The following charts identify the NCAA-recognized consensus All-Americans for the year 1986 and displays which first-team designations they received.

Offense

Defense

Special teams

Full selections - offense

Quarterbacks

 Vinny Testaverde, Miami (Fla.) (CFHOF) (AFCA, AP-1, FWAA, UPI-1, WC, NEA, SH, TSN)
 Jim Harbaugh, Michigan (AP-2, UPI-2)
 Kevin Murray, Texas A&M (AP-3)

Running backs

 Brent Fullwood, Auburn  (AFCA, AP-1, FWAA, UPI-1, WC, FN-1, NEA, SH, TSN)
 Paul Palmer, Temple  (AFCA, AP-1, FWAA, UPI-1, WC, FN-1, NEA, SH, TSN)
 Terrence Flagler, Clemson  (AP-3, FWAA, FN-3)
 Brad Muster, Stanford (AFCA, UPI-2, FN-2)
 D. J. Dozier, Penn State (UPI-2, WC, FN-2)
 Steve Bartalo, Colorado St. (AP-2)
 Bobby Humphrey, Alabama (AP-2, FN-2)
 Gaston Green, UCLA (AP-3, FN-3)
 Thurman Thomas, Oklahoma State (CFHOF) (FN-3)

Wide receivers

 Cris Carter, Ohio State (AFCA, AP-1, UPI-1, WC, FN-1, NEA, SH)
 Tim Brown, Notre Dame (CFHOF) (AP-1, UPI-1, FN-1, SH, TSN)
 Wendell Davis, LSU (AP-2, FWAA, UPI-2, FN-2, TSN)
 Michael Irvin, Miami (Fla.) (AP-2, UPI-2, NEA)
 Sterling Sharpe South Carolina (AP-3, FN-2)
 Marc Zeno, Tulane (AP-3)
 J. R. Ambrose, Ole Miss (FN-3)
 Nasrallah Worthen, North Carolina State (FN-3)

Tight ends

 Keith Jackson, Oklahoma  (CFHOF) (AFCA, AP-1, FWAA, UPI-1, WC, TSN)
 Rod Bernstine, Texas A&M (AP-2, UPI-2, NEA)
 Robert Await, San Diego St. (AP-3)

Centers

 Ben Tamburello, Auburn  (AFCA, AP-1, FWAA, UPI-1, WC, FN-1, NEA, SH, TSN)
 Gregg Rakoczy, Miami (Fla.) (AP-2)
 John Davis, Georgia Tech (UPI-2)
 Joe Tofflemire, Arizona (FN-2)
 Eric Coyle, Colorado (AP-3)
 Bob Maggs, Ohio State (FN-3)

Offensive guards

 Jeff Bregel, USC (AFCA, AP-1, UPI-1, WC, FN-1, NEA, SH, TSN)
 Jeff Zimmerman, Florida (WC, FN-2 [OT], SH)
 Paul Kiser, Wake Forest  (FWAA, TSN)
 Chris Conlin, Penn State  (AP-2 [OT], FWAA)
 Dave Croston, Iowa  (FWAA)
 Mark Hutson, Oklahoma (AP-1, UPI-2)
 Randall McDaniel, Arizona State (CFHOF) (AFCA)
 John Phillips, Clemson (UPI-1, FN-2)
 Steve Trapilo, Boston College (AP-2, UPI-2, NEA)
 Anthony Phillips, Oklahoma (FN-1)
 Fred Childress, Arkansas (AP-2)
 Doug Aronson, San Diego St. (AP-3)
 Todd Peat, Northern Illinois (AP-3)
 Eric Andolsek, LSU (FN-3)
 Mark Stepnoski, Pittsburgh (FN-3)

Offensive tackles

 John Clay, Missouri (AP-2, UPI-1, WC, FN-2, NEA, SH)
 Randy Dixon, Pittsburgh (AFCA, AP-3, UPI-1, WC, FN-1, TSN)
 Danny Villa, Arizona State  (AP-1, FWAA)
 Harris Barton, North Carolina  (AP-1, FN-3, NEA)
 Jumbo Elliot, Michigan (AFCA, AP-3, UPI-2)
 John Davis, Georgia Tech (SH)
 Dave Croston, Iowa (UPI-2, TSN)
 Wilbur Strozier, Georgia (FN-1)
 Tom Welter, Nebraska (FN-3)

Full selections - defense

Defensive ends

 Jason Buck, BYU (AFCA, FWAA, FN-2, NEA, SH, TSN)
 Reggie Rogers, Washington (AP-2, UPI-1, WC, FN-1, NEA, SH)
 Tony Woods, Pittsburgh (AP-2, FWAA, UPI-1, FN-2, TSN)
 Scott Stephen, Arizona State (FN-2)
 Darrell Reed, Oklahoma (AP-3)
 Daniel Stubbs, Miami (Fla) (AP-2, UPI-2)

Defensive tackles

 Jerome Brown, Miami (Fla.) (AFCA, AP-1, FWAA, UPI-1, WC, FN-1, NEA, SH, TSN)
 Danny Noonan, Nebraska (AFCA, AP-1, FWAA, UPI-1, WC, FN-1, NEA, SH)
 Tim Johnson, Penn State (AP-2, WC)
 Al Noga, Hawaii (AP-1)
 Tony Cherico, Arkansas (AP-2 [NG], FN-3)
 Jerry Ball, SMU (FN-2)
 Wally Kleine, Notre Dame (FN-2)
 John Bosa, Boston College (AP-3)
 Shawn Knight, Brigham Young (AP-3)
 Henry Thomas, LSU (AP-3 [NG], FN-3)
 Mark Messner, Michigan (FN-3)
 Dan Sileo, Miami (Fla.) (TSN-2, SH , FN-3)

Linebackers

 Cornelius Bennett, Alabama (CFHOF)  (AFCA, AP-1, FWAA, UPI-1, WC, FN-1, NEA, SH, TSN)
 Brian Bosworth, Oklahoma (CFHOF) (AFCA, AP-1, FWAA, UPI-1, WC, FN-1, NEA, SH, TSN)
 Shane Conlan, Penn State (AFCA, AP-1, FWAA, UPI-1, WC, FN-1, NEA, SH)
 Chris Spielman, Ohio State (CFHOF) (AFCA, AP-1, FWAA, FN-1, NEA, SH, TSN)
 Terry Maki, Air Force (AFCA, AP-3, FN-2)
 Dave Wyman, Stanford (TSN)
 Johnny Holland, Texas A&M (AP-3, FN-1)
 Marcus Cotton, USC (AP-2, FN-3)
 Byron Evans, Arizona (AP-2, FN-2)
 Mike Junkin, Duke (AP-2)
 Ken Norton Jr., UCLA (FN-2)
 Van Waiters, Indiana (AP-3)
 Cedric Figaro, Notre Dame (FN-3)
 Shane Bullough, Michigan State (FN-3)
 Brad Hastings, Texas Tech (FN-3)
 Tyronne Stowe, Rutgers (FN-3)

Defensive backs

 Thomas Everett, Baylor (AFCA, AP-1, FWAA, UPI-1, WC, FN-1, NEA, SH, TSN)
 Tim McDonald, USC (AFCA, AP-2, FWAA, UPI-1, WC, FN-1, SH)
 Rod Woodson, Purdue (AP-1, UPI-1, FN-2, NEA, SH)
 Bennie Blades,  Miami (Fla.) (CFHOF) (AP-1, UPI-1, SH, TSN)
 Garland Rivers, Michigan (AFCA, WC, FN-3, NEA)
 Deion Sanders, Florida State (CFHOF) (NEA, TSN)
 Gordon Lockbaum, Holy Cross (FWAA)
 John Little, Georgia (AP-2, WC, FN-1)
 Mark Moore, Oklahoma State (AP-1, FN-2)
 Tim Peoples, Washington, (TSN)
 Ray Isom, Penn State (AP-2)
 David Vickers, Oklahoma (AP-2)
 Ron Francis, Baylor (AP-3)
 Harold McGuire, Toledo (AP-3)
 Tom Rotello, Air Force (AP-3, FN-2)
 Deion Sanders, Florida State (AP-3)
 Freddie Robinson, Alabama (FN-3)
 Chuck Cecil, Arizona (FN-3)

Full selections - special teams

Kickers

 Jeff Jaeger, Washington (AP-1, UPI-1, WC, FN-1)
 Jeff Ward, Texas (AFCA, NEA)
 Marty Zendejas, Nevada-Reno (FWAA)
 Van Tiffin, Alabama (SH)
 Chris Kinzer, Virginia Tech (AP-2, UPI-2, FN-2, TSN)
 John Diettrich, Ball State (AP-3, FN-3)

Punters

 Barry Helton, Colorado (AP-1, UPI-1, FN-3, TSN)
 Greg Montgomery, Michigan State (FWAA, FN-2, SH)
 Bill Smith, Mississippi (AP-2, WC)
 Greg Horne, Arkansas (AFCA, AP-3, FN-1)

Returners

 Rod Woodson, Purdue (TSN)

Key

 Bold – Consensus All-American
 -1 – First-team selection
 -2 – Second-team selection
 -3 – Third-team selection
 CFHOF = College Football Hall of Fame inductee

Official selectors

 AFCA – American Football Coaches Association (AFCA), selected by the members of the AFCA for the Kodak All-America team
 AP – Associated Press
 FWAA – Football Writers Association of America
 UPI – United Press International
 WC – Walter Camp Football Foundation, selected by the nation's college coaches and sports information directors

Other selectors

 FN – Football News
 NEA – Newspaper Enterprise Association, the NEA/World Almanac team
 TSN – The Sporting News
 SH – Scripps Howard

See also
 1986 All-Big Eight Conference football team
 1986 All-Big Ten Conference football team
 1986 All-Pacific-10 Conference football team
 1986 All-SEC football team

References

All-America Team
College Football All-America Teams