Muhammad Khatami was the fifth president of Iran and an influential figure. His two terms as president were praised by many though criticized by conservatives and opposition groups for various policies and viewpoints.

Governance
Khatami is a strong advocate of "Islamic republic" or an original Iranian form of administration. In a speech on 11 October 2009, he warned that oppression of his allies and reformists will lead to emergence of those who are against Islamic republic constitution. He said "unfortunately we are witnessing the emergence of nuclei that negate the very basis of the Islamic republic." Khatami however respects the opinion of people strongly and yet believes that the optimum form of government differ for each nation and cannot be copied from the west.

Khatami has been always respectful of Iran's supreme leader Ali Khamenei and has often indirectly criticized his remarks during his presidential terms. In many controversial issues such as Iranian parliamentary election in 2004 and Iranian presidential election in 2009, Khatami did not stand strongly against the position of the supreme leader. Supreme leader of Iran appointed Ahmad Jannati and Mohammad Yazdi, two of the most well known fundamentalists to head the judiciary system and Guardian Council of Iran. Khatami has been always a critic of IRIB, Judiciary system and Guardian Council. The organizations run under the supervision of Iran's supreme leader.

Khatami came under attack from philosopher Abdolkarim Soroush, who accused him of failing to push for reforms since his May 1997 election. "The peaceful and democratic uprising of the Iranian people against religious dictatorship in May 1997 was a sweet experience," Soroush said in a letter addressed to Khatami. "But your failure to keep the vote and your wasting of opportunities put an end to it and disappointed the nation. Now, failures have turned into unrest."

President Khatami responded to Iranian Shirin Ebadi's Nobel Peace Prize by waiting several days and then tempering his congratulations by saying "The Nobel prize for peace is not that important, as it is usually bestowed on political considerations."

Accusations of foreign agency

Khatami has been accused of being a "foreign agent" multiple times.

In a lengthy 2008 report published by the official Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA), it was claimed that Khatami participated in the meeting because they wanted to "transform Khatami into an Islamic version of Mikhail Gorbachev” and he was executor of the plot to "replace religious rule with secularism". In 2009, Kayhan claimed that Khatami was invited to attend the meeting in 2006 again.

In the 2009 Iran poll protests trials, Khatami was accused by Kian Tajbakhsh of working with the Open Society Foundations to foment a velvet revolution in Iran. Tajbakhsh told the court that Khatami had met Soros in New York City, where Mohammad Javad Zarif was also present. Later, Kayhan reported that they met twice: first time in the Trump International Hotel, New York on 14 September 2006 and the second time at the 38th session of the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland in January, 2007. Hossein Shariatmadari has also written in the editorial on 29 December 2010 that Khatami was executing the plans prescribed by Gene Sharp and Richard Rorty.

Khatami has denied the claims, calling them "lies". Soros has also strongly denied the allegations.

References

See also
Religious intellectualism in Iran

Mohammad Khatami
Khatami, Mohammad
Khatami, Mohammad


Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy is a skin condition that affects children under the age of two with a recent history of upper respiratory illness, a course of antibiotics, or both. The disease was first described in 1938 by Finkelstein and later by Seidlmayer as "Seidlmayer cockade purpura".

See also
 Cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis
 List of cutaneous conditions
 Henoch–Schönlein purpura

References

External links

Vascular-related cutaneous conditions


Howard University College of Dentistry is a school of dentistry located in the United States city of Washington, D.C. It is the only dental school in Washington, D.C..

History
Howard University College of Dentistry is a part of Howard University. The school was established in 1881 as the fifth oldest dental school in United States. The first African American and longest serving dean (1931-1966) was Russel A. Dixon. He was committed to racial integration and gender equality in dental education. By 1960, more than half of the US's 1,681 African American dentists were graduates of the Howard University College of Dentistry.

Academics
Howard University College of Dentistry awards following degrees:
Doctor of Dental Surgery
 Certificate in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
 Certificate in Orthodontics
 Certificate in Pediatric Dentistry
 Certificate in Advanced Education Program in General Dentistry
 Certificate in General Practice Residency

Departments
Howard University College of Dentistry includes the following departments:
Department of Restorative Services
Department of Preventive Services
Department of Dental Hygiene
Department of Diagnostic Services
Department of Endodontics
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Department of Pediatric Dentistry
Department of Orthodontics

Accreditation
Howard University College of Dentistry is currently accredited by American Dental Association.

References

External links

Dental schools in Washington, D.C.
Educational institutions established in 1881
Howard University
1881 establishments in Washington, D.C.


The New Mexico Department of Transportation (NMDOT; ) is a state government organization which oversees transportation in State of New Mexico in the southwestern United States. The agency has four main focuses—transit, rail, aviation and highways. The department is based in the Joe M. Anaya Building in Santa Fe.

NMDOT Districts
The NMDOT is divided into six districts which serve various areas of the state:

NMDOT Park and Ride
Beginning in 2003, the NMDOT began operating intercity bus service in New Mexico and Texas, under the name NMDOT Park and Ride. The system includes eight intercity routes and three local routes in Santa Fe.

See also

References

External links

 DWI in New Mexico Awareness website by NMDOT

Department of Transportation
New Mexico Department of Transportation
Department of Transportation


The 1916 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans for the 1916 college football season. The only selectors for the 1916 season who have been recognized as "official" by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) are Walter Camp, whose selections were published in Collier's Weekly, the International News Service (INS), a newswire founded by William Randolph Hearst, and the Frank Menke Syndicate.

Although not recognized by the NCAA, many other sports writers, newspapers, and coaches selected All-America teams in 1916. They include the United Press, Walter Eckersall (for the Chicago Daily Tribune), Paul Purman, Fielding H. Yost, and The Boston Post.

All-Americans of 1916

Ends

Bert Baston, Minnesota (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; UP-1; INS-1; WE-1; PP-1; FY-1; BP-1; MS)
James P. Herron, Pittsburgh (WC-2; INS-2; WE-1; MS)
Charles Comerford, Yale (INS-1; BP-1)
George Clark Moseley, Yale (WC-1; WE-2; FY-2)
Heinie Miller, Penn (WC-2; LP-1; FY-1)
Richard Harte, Harvard (INS-2; MON-1; FY-2)
Clifford Carlson, Pitt (Basketball Hall of Fame) (PP-2)
Tommy Whelan, Georgetown (PP-2)
Charles Highley, Princeton (UP-2; LP-1)
Stan Cofall, Notre Dame (UP-2; MS)
Paul Eckley, Cornell (WE-2)
Bob Higgins, Penn State (College Football Hall of Fame) (MON-1)
Charles Atherton Coolidge, Harvard (WC-3)
Graham Vowell, Tennessee (WC-3)

Tackles

Belford West, Colgate (WC-1; UP-1; INS-1; WE-1; PP-2; LP-1; BP-1)
Steamer Horning, Colgate (WC-1; WE-2; MS)
William Lippard McLean, Princeton (MON-1; FY-1; BP-1)
Artemus Gates, Yale (WC-2; UP-2; INS-2)
DeVitalis, Brown (UP-1; PP-1)
George Hauser, Minnesota (INS-1)
Mark Farnum, Brown (INS-2; MON-1)
Fred Becker, Iowa (WE-1)
Louis Seagrave, Washington (WC-3 [g]; PP-1)
Fred Gillies, Cornell (FY-1)
Bob Karch, Ohio State (FM)
Walter Herber Wheeler, Harvard (UP-2; LP-1; FY-2)
Clarence Ward, Navy (WC-2)
Earl Beacham, Tufts (PP-2)
Lewis Little, Penn (FY-2)
Frank A. R. Mayer, Minnesota (WE-2)
John Beckett, Oregon (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-3)
Bob Ignico, Washington & Lee (WC-3)

Guards
Clinton Black, Yale (WC-1; UP-1; INS-1; WE-1; MON-1; PP-1; LP-1; FY-1; BP-1; MS)
Harrie Dadmun, Harvard (WC-1; UP-2; INS-2; WE-1; FY-1)
Frank T. Hogg, Princeton (WC-2; PP-1; MS)
Lawrence Fox, Yale (UP-1)
Claude E. Thornhill, Pitt (INS-1)
Charles Henning, Penn (FY-2; BP-1)
Christopher Schlachter, Syracuse (MON-1)
Charlie Bachman, Notre Dame (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-2; LP-1)
Robert Lee Nourse, Princeton (WE-2; PP-2)
Sinclair, Minnesota (PP-2)
Monroe Good, Colgate (UP-2)
Mason Barton, Colgate (INS-2)
Arnold McInerney, Notre Dame (WE-2)
Budge Garrett, Rutgers (WC-3)

Centers

Bob Peck, Pittsburgh (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; UP-1; INS-1; WE-1; MON-1; PP-1; BP-1; MS)
John McEwan, Army (WC-2; UP-2; INS-2; WE-2; PP-2)
Alfred Gennert, Princeton (LP-1; FY-1)
Fred Becker, Iowa (FY-2)
Pup Phillips, Georgia Tech (WC-3)

Quarterbacks
Oscar Anderson, Colgate (WC-1; UP-2; INS-1; BP-1; LP-1)
Fritz Shiverick, Cornell (UP-1; INS-2; PP-1; FY-2)
Bart Macomber, Illinois (College Football Hall of Fame) (WE-2; PP-2; FY-1)
Cliff Sparks, Michigan (MON-1)
James DeHart, Pitt (WE-1)
Clair Purdy, Brown (WC-2)
Irby Curry, Vanderbilt (WC-3)

Halfbacks
Chic Harley, Ohio State (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; UP-1; INS-1; WE-1; PP-1; FY-1; BP-1)
Fritz Pollard, Brown (College and Pro Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; UP-2; INS-2; WE-2; MON-1; PP-2; LP-1; BP-1; MS)
Andy Hastings, Pittsburgh (UP-1; INS-1)
Eddie Casey, Harvard (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-2; WE-2; PP-1; FY-2)
Everett Strupper, Georgia Tech (College Football Hall of Fame) (PP-1 [e])
John Maulbetsch, Michigan (College Football Hall of Fame) (FY-1)
Harry LeGore, Yale (WC-2; INS-2; WE-2 [fb]; PP-2; LP-1 [fb]; FY-2)
Claire Long, Minnesota (FM)
Paddy Driscoll, Northwestern (College and Pro Football Hall of Fame) (WC-3; UP-2)
Johnny Gilroy, Georgetown (WC-3)

Fullbacks

Elmer Oliphant, Army (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; UP-1; PP-1; INS-1; MON-1; LP-1 [hb]; BP-1; MS)
Joe Berry, Penn (WC-2; UP-1 [e]; INS-2; WE-1 [hb]; MON-1; FY-1)
Pudge Wyman, Minnesota (UP-2; WE-1; FY-2)
Arnold Horween, Harvard (PP-2)
McReaghy, Washington & Jefferson (WC-3)

Key
NCAA recognized selectors for 1916
 WC = Collier's Weekly as selected by Walter Camp
 INS = International News Service
 MS = Frank Menke Syndicate

Other selectors
 UP = United Press
 WE = Walter Eckersall, of the Chicago Daily Tribune
 FM = Frank G. Menke, former sporting editor of the International News Service (INS)
 MON = Monty, noted New York sports writer
 PP = Paul Purman, noted sports writer whose All-American team was syndicated in newspapers across the United States
 LP = Lawrence Perry, sporting editor of the New York Evening Post
 FY = Fielding H. Yost
 BP = The Boston Post, selected by Charles E. Parker, football expert of The Boston Post

Bold = Consensus All-American
 1 – First-team selection
 2 – Second-team selection
 3 – Third-team selection

See also
 1916 All-Big Ten Conference football team
 1916 All-Pacific Coast football team
 1916 All-Southern college football team
 1916 All-Western college football team

References

All-America Team
College Football All-America Teams


St. Lawrence University is a private liberal arts college in Canton, New York, United States.

St. Lawrence University may also refer to:

 St. Lawrence University (Uganda), Kampala, Uganda
 St. Lawrence Saints, the athletic teams representing St. Lawrence University

See also
 St. Lawrence University–Old Campus Historic District, a historic district centred on St. Lawrence University


Urticarial vasculitis (also known as "chronic urticaria as a manifestation of venulitis", "hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis syndrome", "hypocomplementemic vasculitis" and "unusual lupus-like syndrome") is a skin condition characterized by fixed urticarial lesions that appear histologically as a vasculitis.

Mechanism

Antibodies are usually raised against foreign proteins, such as those made by a replicating virus or invading bacterium. Virus or bacteria with antibodies opsonized or "stuck" to them highlight them to other cells of the immune system for clearance.

Antibodies against self proteins are known as autoantibodies, and are not found in healthy individuals. These autoantibodies can be used to detect certain diseases.

C1q

C1q is an integral component within the complement pathway – a complicated cascade of protein interactions, culminating in an immune response against a broad variety of pathogens. The anti-C1q antibodies found in patients with hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis activate C1q, which instigates activation of the entire complement pathway. Consequently, levels of all complement proteins become low.

Impaired classical complement pathway

The complement pathway is composed of several subset pathways: the lectin/mannose pathway, alternative pathway and the classical pathway. All pathways culminate in the production of a C3 convertase, which catalyses C3 into its constitutive parts (better detailed here – classical complement pathway).

In brief, the crucial role of C1q in the pathway is its importance as the first protein to start the complement cascade (which ends in the destruction of the invading bacteria or virus), and its ability to link the two important arms of the immune system – the innate immune system: a broad defence system; and the adaptive immune system: the strong immune response capable of remembering previous infections, allowing fast response against recurrent infections, meaning that people with a normal immune system don't continually catch the same cold or same strain of flu repeatedly.

Case studies of individuals with HUV have also highlighted other potential complicating factors which it seems the anti-C1q antibodies play a role in. This can mean in some cases the deposition of large immune complexes in the kidney which cannot be cleared by the usual cells of the immune system (e.g. macrophages which are unable to bind the Fc portion of the C1q antibody), leading to further complications. This seems to be rare, but can occur when a pre-existing renal condition is apparent. Also, there has been some speculation as to an additional autoantibody against an inhibitor protein (in the complement pathway) named C1-inhibitor. The inhibition of C1-inhibitor leads to over-activation of the complement pathway and one protein that builds up controls angioedema (vessel – swelling), resulting in excess water building up under the skin (the weal appearance).

Diagnosis

A rare autoimmune disease characterized by recurrent urticaria (nettle rash), first described in the 1970s. There is no defined paradigm for the syndrome aetiology and severity in progression. Diagnosis is confirmed with the identification of at least two conditions from: venulitis on skin biopsy, arthritis, ocular inflammation, abdominal pain or positive C1q antibodies to immune complexes. It is this last category, anti-C1q antibodies, that all HUV patients test positive for. In vitro experiments and mouse models of the disease have not thoroughly determined the link between these antibodies and the disease, even though the link is so pronounced.

Treatment
Unfortunately, there are no known specific therapies for HUV. Treatments include systemic corticosteroids, dapsone, colchicine, hydroxychloroquine, and various immunosuppressant medications, such as methotrexate, mycophenolate, and azathioprine.  Newer targeted medications, including omalizumab and belimumab, have also been used.

Popular culture

Urticarial vasculitis is featured prominently in the 2010 documentary film Fat, Sick and Nearly Dead. The main character and narrator has the disease.

See also
 Cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis
 List of cutaneous conditions

References

External links

Vascular-related cutaneous conditions
Syndromes


HD 139357 b is a very massive extrasolar planet or brown dwarf located approximately 390 light years away, orbiting the 6th magnitude K-type giant star HD 139357 in the constellation of Draco. The detection occurred on March 20, 2009, which was the first day of spring.

The actual mass and radius of this body remain uncertain, but it has a minimum mass of nearly 10 times that of Jupiter and a radius of probably no more than 1.2 times Jupiter's. Most likely this is a brown dwarf rather than a planet. The reason why the object's true mass was initially unknown is due to the undetermined inclination of its orbital plane. Follow up observations via direct imaging may determine its radius and orbital inclination, thereby giving its density and surface gravity, which will allow a determination as to whether this object is a brown dwarf or a supermassive planet.

A 2022 study estimated the true mass of HD 139357 b at about  via astrometry, although this estimate is poorly constrained. If this is the true mass, the object would be a brown dwarf.

As it is typical for supermassive planets, this orbits further from its host star than Earth is from the Sun. The planet's year is over three Earth years. However, the orbital eccentricity of this object is much greater than Earth's: 0.1 vs. 0.017. Like most known extrasolar planets, it was detected by the wobble method, which detects planets through the circular wobbling motion of the star caused by the gravity of orbiting body.

See also
 42 Draconis b
 Iota Draconis b

References

Exoplanets discovered in 2009
Giant planets
Draco (constellation)
Exoplanets detected by radial velocity
Exoplanets detected by astrometry


Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis is a form of inflammation affecting the blood vessels caused by the deposition of abnormal proteins called cryoglobulins. These immunoglobulin proteins are soluble at normal body temperatures, but become insoluble below 37 °C (98.6 °F) and subsequently may aggregate within smaller blood vessels. Inflammation within these obstructed blood vessels is due to the deposition of complement proteins which activate inflammatory pathways.

Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis most commonly affect the skin, causing a raised, pinpoint rash on the lower extremities known as purpura. The kidneys may additionally be affected by this form of vasculitis, resulting in membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Fevers, painful muscles and joints, and peripheral nerve damage are other common manifestations of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis.

Epidemiology
The incidence of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis is low and highly corresponds to the presence of hepatitis C virus infection, with increased prevalence in Southern Europe. Only about 30% of individuals with cryoglobulinemia develop vasculitis and associated symptoms. In a review of 279 patients, the average age of patients with symptomatic disease associated with hepatitis C virus was 54 years old, with an equal distribution between men and women.

Pathophysiology
Cryoglobulinemia is currently classified by the type of immunoglobulin, IgM or IgG, present in blood as well as whether the immunoglobulin is monoclonal or polyclonal. Type II cryoglobulinemia, is defined as a mix of monoclonal IgM or polyclonal IgG, whereas type III cryoglobulinemia is classified as IgM and IgG that are both polyclonal only. The immunoglobulins in either cryoglobulinemia type have rheumatoid factor activity, allowing binding of the Fc subunit of IgM to IgG which has the capacity to activate complement proteins and deposit in the endothelium of small and medium-sized blood vessels.

In contrast, type I cryoglobulinemia causes damage solely due to hyperviscosity syndrome, which refers to the aggregation and resulting obstructing nature of cryoglobulins in blood vessels resulting in reduced perfusion of tissues and possibly necrosis if prolonged. Therefore, vasculitis generally occurs only in patients affected by mixed (type 2 and 3) cryoglobulinemia, as simple (type 1) cryoglobulinemia causes a hyperviscosity syndrome without complement activation.

The large majority of cases of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis are associated with underlying medical conditions which contribute to or exacerbate the pathophysiology, the most common being hepatitis C virus infection. There are a number of other rheumatologic, oncologic, inflammatory, and infectious associations including Sjogren's syndrome, B-cell lymphoma, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematous, and other hepatitis viral infections. Type III cryoglobulinemia is most associated with autoimmune conditions.

Manifestations
At least 50% of patients with cryoglobulinemic vasculitis have only mild symptoms. More severe symptoms involve renal, gastrointestinal, and neurological damage with cardiovascular and respiratory complications presenting more rarely in a population of 279 patients with cryoglobulins and hepatitis C infection. Prevalence of these symptoms may vary depending on the underlying etiology contributing to the cryoglobulinemia.

Only about 5-10% of patients with cryoglobulins found in the bloodstream due to Hepatitis C virus develop symptoms. Approximately 20-40% of individuals with symptomatic cryoglobulinemic vasculitis eventually develop renal damage, usually years following initial diagnosis.

Relapse in vasculitis refers to the recurrence or reactivation of disease symptoms and inflammation after a period of improvement or remission.A systematic review was conducted to investigate the identifiable risk factors for relapse in non-infectious cryoglobulinemic vasculitis with an underlying immunopathological cause, specifically in relation to the type of immunoglobulin involved.

Diagnosis
The first step in quantitative assessment entails identification of the presence of cryoglobulins in the bloodstream, which can be a technically involved and inaccurate process with a high proportion of false-positives and false-negatives. Test tubes should be warmed to normal body temperature at 37 °C prior to collection of blood samples, which are centrifuged after the blood coagulates. This sample is then stored at reduced temperatures of 4 °C for a week. If present, cryoglobulins will form precipitate during this time and be visible as a white sedimented layer. If rewarmed from 4 °C to 37 °C, this precipitate will redissolve into the blood sample. Following centrifugation, the layer of cryoglobulins should be immunofixed and labeled to allow for classification of cryoglobulinemia type.

Other nonspecific inflammatory markers are often elevated, including C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, but are not required for diagnosis. Baseline laboratory markers, including metabolic panels, urinalysis, and urine protein, should be obtained to trend renal function through progression of the disease and monitor for glomerulonephritis. Complement levels and rheumatoid factor activity should additionally be assessed given the pathophysiology of cryoglobulinemia.

Underlying inflammatory, infectious, and oncologic diseases should also be tested for as appropriate. Workup for viral RNA, autoantibodies, and malignant serological markers should be considered. Biopsy may be obtained to assess for immune complex deposition.

Treatment
The treatment of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis includes both immune modulator therapy and treatment of any underlying medical conditions. Rituximab may also be used in conjunction with glucocorticoids to inhibit B-cell proliferation and therefore decrease cryoglobulin production, although risks include infection and anemia.

References

Vascular-related cutaneous conditions


{{DISPLAYTITLE:Lambda2 Fornacis}}

λ2 Fornacis, Latinized as Lambda2 Fornacis, is the primary of a binary star system in the southern constellation of Fornax. It is just visible to the naked eye as a dim, yellow-hued point of light with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.78. It is located 83 light years distant from the Sun, based on stellar parallax, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +12 km/s.

This object is a G-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of G1V. It is considered a solar analog, being photometrically-similar to the Sun. The star is an estimated 4.3 billion years old with 1.2 times the mass of the Sun and 1.5 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating three times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,936 K. The abundance of elements with more mass than helium is 55% higher than in the Sun.

There is a faint co-moving companion star located to the east of the main star at an angular separation of . This is most likely an M5–M6 class red dwarf with 0.11 times the Sun's mass. The projected separation between the pair is about .

Planetary system
Precision Doppler spectroscopy from an intensive 48 night observing campaign on the Anglo-Australian Telescope has revealed the presence of a low-mass extrasolar planet orbiting the star. This object has an orbital period of 17.24 days and an eccentricity of 0.2. It has a minimum (baseline) mass of .

See also
 List of extrasolar planets

References

G-type main-sequence stars
Solar analogs
Planetary systems with one confirmed planet
Binary stars

Fornax
Fornacis, Lambda2
Durchmusterung objects
016417
012186
0772
J02365859-3434404


Louisiana State University School of Dentistry is a school of dentistry located in the United States city of New Orleans.

History
Louisiana State University School of Dentistry is part of the Louisiana State University System. The school was established in 1968.

Academics
Louisiana State University School of Dentistry awards following degrees:
Doctorate of Dental Surgery

Departments
Louisiana State University School of Dentistry includes the following departments:
Department of Comprehensive Dentistry & Biomaterials
Department of Dental Health Resources
Department of Dental Hygiene
Department of Endodontics
Department of Oral & Craniofacial Biology
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology
Department of Orthodontics
Department of Pediatric Dentistry
Department of Periodontics
Department of Prosthodontics

Accreditation
Louisiana State University School of Dentistry is currently accredited by ADA.

References

Louisiana State University System
Dental schools in Louisiana


The 1915 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans for the 1915 college football season. The only selectors for the 1915 season who have been recognized as "official" by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) are Walter Camp, whose selections were published in Collier's Weekly, and the International News Service (INS), a newswire founded by William Randolph Hearst.

Although not recognized by the NCAA, many other sports writers, newspapers, and coaches selected All-America teams in 1915.  They include Parke H. Davis, Walter Eckersall, and Fielding H. Yost.

All-Americans of 1915

Ends

 Murray Shelton, Cornell (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; FM-2; MON-2; PD-1; TC-1; DR; ER)
 Guy Chamberlin, Nebraska (College and Pro Football Hall of Fame) (WE-1; FM-1; PD-1)
 Bert Baston, Minnesota (College and Pro Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; WE-2)
 Bob Higgins, Penn State (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-2; WE-2; FM-1; FY-1; MON-1; TC-1; JI)
 Jack "Red" Lamberton, Princeton (WE-1; FY-1)
 Fred Heyman, Washington & Jefferson (WC-3; MON-1)
 George Squier, Illinois (WC-3; FM-2)
 Ernest William Soucy, Harvard (MON-2; DR; ER; JI)
 James P. Herron, Pittsburgh (WC-2)

Tackles
 Howard "Cub" Buck, Wisconsin (WC-2; WE-1; FM-1; FY-1; PD-1; TC-1)
 Joseph Gilman, Harvard (WC-1; WE-1; FY-1; MON-2; TC-1; DR; ER; JI)
 Earl Abell, Colgate (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; WE-2; FM-2; MON-1)
 Maurice M. Witherspoon, W&J (FM-1)
 Mark Farnum, Brown (MON-1; ER)
 Laurens Shull, Chicago (died in WWI) (FM-2)
 Alex Weyand, Army (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-3; MON-2)
 William T. Van de Graaff, Alabama (WC-2; PD-1)
 Nelson "Pie" Way, Yale (DR; JI)
 John B. McAuliffe, Dartmouth (WE-2)
 Josh Cody, Vanderbilt (WC-3)

Guards
 Clarence Spears, Dartmouth (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; WE-1; FM-1; FY-1; MON-1; PD-1; TC-1; DR; ER)
 Harold White, Syracuse (WE-2; FM-1; MON-2; TC-1; JI)
 Chris Schlachter, Syracuse (WC-1; WE-2; FY-1; ER)
 Clinton Black, Yale (WC-2; MON-1; DR)
 Freeman Fitzgerald, Notre Dame (FM-2; PD-1)
 Pat Dunnigan, Minnesota (WE-1; FM-2)
 Budge Garrett, Rutgers (MON-2)
 Frank T. Hogg, Princeton (WC-2; JI)
 Harrie Holland Dadmun, Harvard (WC-3)
 Baby Taylor, Auburn (WC-3)

Centers
 Bob Peck, Pittsburgh (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; FM-1; MON-1; PD-1; TC-1; JI)
 Gib Cool, Cornell (WC-2; WE-1; FM-2; FY-1; ER)
 John McEwan, Army (WC-3; MON-2; DR)
 John Wesley "Jack" Watson, Illinois (WE-2)

Quarterbacks
 Charley Barrett, Cornell (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; WE-1; FM-1; FY-1; MON-1; PD-1; TC-1; DR; ER; JI [hb])
 Guy Williamson, Pittsburgh (JI)
 Donald Clarke Watson, Harvard (WC-2)
 Pete Russell, Chicago (WC-3; WE-2; FM-2)
 Miller, Columbia (MON-2)

Halfbacks
 Richard King, Harvard (WC-1; WE-2; FY-1)
 Bart Macomber, Illinois (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1)
 Elmer Oliphant, Army (WC-1; MON-1; DR)
 Eugene Mayer, Virginia (FM-1; PD-1)
 Bernie Bierman, Minnesota (College Football Hall of Fame) (WE-1; FM-2 [fb])
 Neno DaPrato, Michigan State (FM-1)
 Dave Tibbott, Princeton (WC-2; WE-1; FY-1)
 Red Wilkinson, Syracuse (WE-2 [fb]; MON-1; ER)
 Fritz Shiverick, Cornell (DR)
 R. B. "Dick" Rutherford, Nebraska (FM-2)
 Andy Hastings, Pittsburgh (FM-2)
 John Maulbetsch, Michigan (College Football Hall of Fame) (WE-2; MON-2; TC-1)
 Johnny Gilroy, Georgetown (MON-2)
 Anderson, Colgate (TC-1)
 Herman Abraham, Oregon State (WC-3)

Fullbacks

 Eddie Mahan, Harvard (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; WE-1; FM-1; FY-1; MON-1; PD-1 [hb]; TC-1; DR; ER; JI)
 Edward H. Driggs, Princeton (PD-1)
 Howard Parker Talman, Rutgers (WC-2; MON-2)
 Punk Berryman, Penn State (WC-3; ER [hb]; JI [hb])

Key
NCAA recognized selectors for 1915
 WC = Collier's Weekly as selected by Walter Camp
 FM = Frank G. Menke, Sporting Editor of the International News Service

Other selectors
 WE = Walter Eckersall, of the Chicago Tribune
 FY = Fielding Yost, coach of the University of Michigan
 MON = Monty, New York sports writer Monty
 PD = Parke H. Davis
 TC = Tommy Clark
DR = Damon Runyon.  At the end of the 1915 season, Runyon noted the difficulty in picking an All-America team when most of those doing so had only seen a fraction of the players.  Accordingly, Runyon chose not to call his list and All-America team, instead calling it his All-"Guys-We've-Seen" team.
ER = Eddie N. Robinson, head coach of the Brown Bears football team.
JI = Jonas H. Ingram, head coach of the Navy football team.

Bold = Consensus All-American
 1 – First-team selection
 2 – Second-team selection
 3 – Third-team selection

See also
 1915 All-Big Ten Conference football team
 1915 All-Southern college football team
 1915 All-Western college football team

References

All-America Team
College Football All-America Teams


Comedian Harmonists (English title: The Harmonists) is a 1997 German film, directed by Joseph Vilsmaier, about the popular German vocal group of the 1920s and '30s, the Comedian Harmonists. The film was  supported by the German and Austrian film fund.

Plot
In 1927, unemployed German-Jewish actor Harry Frommermann is inspired by the American group The Revelers to create a German group of the same format. He holds auditions and signs on four additional singers and a pianist. Naming themselves the "Comedian Harmonists", they meet international fame and popularity. However, they eventually run into trouble when the Nazis come to power, as half the group is Jewish.

Cast
 Ben Becker as  Robert Biberti
 Heino Ferch as Roman Cycowski
 Ulrich Noethen as Harry Frommermann
 Heinrich Schafmeister as Erich A. Collin
 Max Tidof as Ari Leschnikoff
 Kai Wiesinger as Erwin Bootz
 Meret Becker as Erna Eggstein
 Katja Riemann as Mary Cycowski
 Noemi Fischer as Chantal, Collin's girl friend
 Dana Vávrová as Ursula Bootz
 Otto Sander as Bruno Levy
 Michaela Rosen as Ramona, brothel madame
 Günter Lamprecht as Erik Charell
 Gérard Samaan as Roman's father
 Rolf Hoppe as Gauleiter Streicher
 Jürgen Schornagel as Reichsmusikdirektor
 Rudolf Wessely as Mr. Grünbaum
 Susi Nicoletti as Mrs. Grünbaum
 Giora Feidman as clarinet player
 Kathie Lindner as wardrobe mistress
 Trude Ackermann as Robert's mother

Reception
Comedian Harmonists succeeded in Europe and was the highest-grossing German film of 1998 with a gross of over $16 million. U.S. President Bill Clinton told critic Roger Ebert it was among his favorite films of the year, although the movie did not get widespread release, hence reception in the United States.

Bernd Reinhardt of the World Socialist Web Site called it "an exciting film which is well worth seeing and which pays proper attention to the sextet's music."  He also remarked on the film's attention to historical detail and the importance of its theme of musical internationalism.

Awards and nominations
At the 1998 German Film Awards, Comedian Harmonists won the awards for Best Fiction Film, Best Editing (for Peter R. Adam), Best Actor (for Ulrich Noethen), Best Supporting Actress (for Meret Becker), and Best Production Design (for Rolf Zehetbauer). Joseph Vilsmaier was nominated for Best Direction, losing to Wim Wenders for The End of Violence.
At the 1998 Bavarian Film Awards Joseph Vilsmaier won the awards for Best Director. Ben Becker, Heino Ferch, Ulrich Noethen, Heinrich Schafmeister, Max Tidof and Kai Wiesinger won a Special Prize

Vilsmaier was nominated for Best Cinematographer for Comedian Harmonists at the 1998 European Film Awards.

American version
The U.S. Miramax release contains at least one difference from the original: in the original, there is a scene, when the Harmonists arrive in New York and perform in front of the U.S. Navy, where the camera singles out one African American navy man who is visibly enjoying the music, until he gets a stinging look of rebuke from a superior officer. This segment was cut from the American release.

Legacy
The film led to the writing of a musical play, Veronika, der Lenz ist da – Die Comedian Harmonists, which opened at the Komödie on the Kurfürstendamm in Berlin on 19 December 1997. When this production closed, the actors who had played the original sextet formed themselves into a new group called the Berlin Comedian Harmonists, which is still in existence in 2021.

Notes

External links

1997 films
1990s biographical films
Biographical films about singers
Films about musical groups
Films directed by Joseph Vilsmaier
Films scored by Harald Kloser
Films set in Berlin
Films set in the 1920s
Films set in the 1930s
Films about Nazi Germany
German biographical films
Jazz films
Cultural depictions of classical musicians
Cultural depictions of jazz musicians
Cultural depictions of German men
1990s German films


Jim Grabb and Richey Reneberg were the defending champions but lost in the final 6–2, 6–3 to Patrick McEnroe and Jonathan Stark.

Seeds
All eight seeded teams received byes to the second round.

Draw

Finals

Top half

Bottom half

External links
1992 Australian Indoor Championships Doubles Draw

Doubles


The Marquette University School of Dentistry is the dental school of Marquette University. It is located in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. Formerly the Dental Department of the Milwaukee Medical College (MMC), the school opened on September 26, 1894. It is the only dental school in Wisconsin.

History
On September 26, 1894, when the Dental Department of the Milwaukee Medical College commenced, there were nine faculty members for the 30 entering freshmen. Dean of the school was professor of oral surgery Benjamin G. Maercklein. The dental clinic consisted of 16 chairs and a technique laboratory.

In 1897 the Dental Department of the Milwaukee Medical College was recognized by the National Association of Dental Faculties.

In 1899 the Wisconsin College of Physicians and Surgeons added a dental department.  Because both schools competed for students and faculty, they merged in 1913.

Henry L. Banzhaf of Wisconsin was named dean of the Dental Department in 1902, and remain in that position for 42 years.

In 1907 Milwaukee Medical College became affiliated with Marquette College, a liberal arts college in Milwaukee, which added combined dentistry, medicine, nursing, and pharmacy departments, and became a university.

In 1921 Dean Banzhaf was granted permission to build a new dental building, which would be ready in 1923. It featured 167 chairs, gaining the reputation for being the "largest dental clinic under one roof". It contained one of the first labs to be established in connection with a dental clinic.

In the early 1970s the old 1921 dental facility was gutted.

In August 2002 a new dental facility was completed, which had been planned around technological improvements and innovative teaching methods.

In 2003, the Marquette University School of Dentistry pioneered a patient-centered clinical curriculum.

The school is currently raising funds for a $16 million, 40,000-square-foot expansion that will add clinical, lab and classroom space. Annual class size will increase by 20 students, from 80 to 100. The state of Wisconsin has committed $8 million to the project in its 2011-2013 biennial budget and the School of Dentistry is raising $8 million in matching funds through its "Building for the Future" campaign. Groundbreaking is planned for spring 2012, with the first expanded class to begin in 2013.

In June 2012, Rick Kushner, an alumnus of the school, donated $1 million towards the expansion. The donation helped create a fifth clinic in the School of Dentistry, to be named the Comfort Dental Clinic, after the name of Kushner's dental franchise.

Academics
Marquette University School of Dentistry awards the following degrees:
Master of Science in Dental Biomaterials
Doctor of Dental Surgery

The school comprises the following departments:
Department of Clinical Services
Department of Developmental Sciences
Department of General Dental Sciences
Department of Surgical Sciences

Marquette School of Dentistry offers graduate programs in Dental Biomaterials, Orthodontics, Prosthodontics, and Endodontics.

The School of Dentistry treats underserved patients at seven clinics around the state, sees 26,000 unduplicated patients annually and serves 64 of the state's 72 counties.

Accreditation
Marquette University School of Dentistry is accredited by the American Dental Association.

Admissions
Marquette School of Dentistry enrolls 100 freshmen each year, 50 Wisconsin residents and 50 non-residents.

Alumni
 Silas J. Kloehn

See also

References

Marquette University
Universities and colleges in Milwaukee
Educational institutions established in 1968
Dental schools in Wisconsin


Edward Adey (1799 - 1876) was a Baptist minister and abolitionist.

Biography
Edward Adey was born on 31 March 1799 in Turnham Green, but was christened in Hammersmith the following month. He was the second child and son of Daniel and Catherine Adey. Coming from a religious family he eventually trained at Newport Pagnall, like his elder brother, John, as a minister before taking up a position in the Baptist church. His first appointment was in Leighton Buzzard, a job he held for 25 years and the place where he would eventually be buried.

Adey took charge of the congregation of baptists at Lake Street in 1828 who came from an older congregation who had been meeting since 1775. In 1832 there was a split in the church as some objected to the pastor. A new stricter chapel was formed that did not allow the open communion that was practised at Lake Street. Today the chapel, or its 1864 replacement for 500 people, no longer stands, but it is recognised in the name of the Chapel Mews that are now on that site.

Adey was an active member of the Anti-Slavery Society advising on such matters as how to free those slaves who were held in the Danish colonies. He was known to William Wilberforce and he is one of the people chosen to appear in Haydon's picture of the 1840 Anti-slavery convention where the aged Thomas Clarkson is shown addressing the first international convention on anti-slavery.

One of the people who Adey preached with on a tour of the south Midlands was William Knibb, a Jamaican missionary. Knibb also attended the 1840 Anti-Slavery convention.

Many notable people are in this painting including Lady Byron, Daniel O'Connell, Thomas Fowell Buxton and Richard Tapper Cadbury )who was just behind Adey in the painting).

In 1863, Adey was instrumental in forming a Baptist church in Brackley in Northamptonshire.

Adey married Mary Linnell in 1835 and had four children although one died young. He died in Leighton Buzzard on 28 April 1876.

References

External links

1876 deaths
1799 births
19th-century English Baptist ministers
Baptist abolitionists
English abolitionists
People from Chiswick


West Coast Bad Boyz, Vol. 3: Poppin' Collars is the fourth and final to date West Coast Bad Boyz compilation album. It was released on March 19, 2002, through New No Limit Records. Poppin Collars was not much of a success, only peaking at #108 on the Billboard 200 and #28 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums.

Track listing

References

External links
 [ West Coast Bad Boyz, Vol. 3] at Allmusic
 West Coast Bad Boyz, Vol. 3 at Tower Records

Albums produced by Timbaland
Hip hop compilation albums
2002 compilation albums
No Limit Records compilation albums
Priority Records compilation albums
Gangsta rap compilation albums


Ulrich Noethen (born 18 November 1959) is a German actor who has appeared in many movies and TV films.

He starred in Comedian Harmonists. He also played Heinrich Himmler twice, in Der Untergang and Mein Führer – Die wirklich wahrste Wahrheit über Adolf Hitler.

Noethen has won various awards for his acting, including the German Film Award, the Bavarian Film Award, the Adolf Grimme Award and the Golden Camera.

Life
Noethen grew up as the youngest of five children in a clergyman's family. The family initially lived in Neu-Ulm on the Danube, where his father, Klaus-Peter Schmid (1920-2018), was dean of the Evangelical Lutheran Church. Later the family moved to Augsburg, where he graduated from the Gymnasium bei St. Anna. Ulrich initially studied law for a short time, but later he followed an acting course at the University of Music and Performing Arts Stuttgart. Ulrich Schmidt adopted his mother's birth name (Noethen) as his stage name. He married the actress Friederike Wagner, with whom he has a daughter. The couple separated in 2005, after thirteen years of marriage, and divorced in 2009. Ulrich Noethen lives with Alina Bronsky and the three children from her first marriage in Berlin-Charlottenburg. The couple also have a daughter together.

Work

Theater
From 1985 to 1987 he was a member of the ensemble of the Theater Freiburg. He then worked at the Zelt-Ensemble Birach until 1988 and then moved to the Schauspiel Köln for two years, where he worked under the direction of Frank Castorf and Max Färberböck, among others. He then moved to the Staatliche Schauspielbühnen Berlin. There he drew attention to himself through his performances in productions of Faust, Death and Devil and A Midsummer Night's Dream. When the Staatliche Schauspielbühnen Berlin closed, he switched to film acting.

Film

In 1995, he was able to see him for the first time in the TV series Die Partner. He appeared in Dominik Graf's Tatort episode  (1995) and in  (1997). He was nominated for Best Supporting Actor for his role in The Scorpion.

In 1997, Ulrich Noethen was the year of his breakthrough as a film actor with the role of the acappella singer and arranger Harry Frommermann in the successful movie Comedian Harmonists. For his role, he was awarded the German Film Award for Best Actor in 1998 and, together with Ben Becker, Heino Ferch, Heinrich Schafmeister, Max Tidof and Kai Wiesinger, with the Bavarian Film Award. In 1997 he won the Bavarian Television Award for Best Actor in Der Ausbruch und Busenfreunde.

In 2000 he played the theatre critic and feuilletonist Kurt Tucholsky in the literary film Gripsholm, along with Heike Makatsch, Rudolf Wessely and Jasmin Tabatabai. In 2001, Noethen played the role of Mr. Taschenbier in Paul Maar's film The Sams. In the following years he remained true to the genre of cinema-family comedy with roles in Bibi Blocksberg (2002),  after Erich Kästner as teacher Dr. Johann "Justus" Bökh (2003) and in the Das Sams sequel Sams in Danger (2003).

In 2004 he appeared in Oliver Hirschbiegel's film Downfall in the role of Heinrich Himmler, a role he played in 2007 in Dani Levy's black comedy My Führer – The Really Truest Truth about Adolf Hitler alongside Helge Schneider, Sylvester Groth and Ulrich Mühe in complete other interpretation. Also in 2004 he was seen in the TV drama The Boxer and the Hairdresser as gay star hairdresser Fränki Laue. In 2005 he impersonated the character of the father in the tragicomedy , alongside Matthias Schweighöfer and Meret Becker. In the same year he received a nomination for the German Television Award for his acting creation of the opaquely cool Bent Peerson in Carlo Rola's ZDF multi-parter The Patriarch with Iris Berben in the leading role.

In 2005 he was seen in  as returnee Dr. Alexander Kielberg, again alongside Heino Ferch and Ulrich Tukur. For his role he received the German Television Award for Best Supporting Actor. On February 2, 2006 he was awarded the Golden Camera for his role interpretations in The Airlift, The Boxer and the Friseuse, and Silver Wedding as Best German Actor.

In 2007 he impersonated the role of the husband Helmut Halm in Rainer Kaufmann's film Runaway Horse, which was adapted by Martin Walser alongside Ulrich Tukur and Katja Riemann. He was nominated for the German Film Award 2008 in the category of Best Actor. In 2009, Ulrich Noethen appeared as Commissioner Tabor Süd in two ZDF films based on Friedrich Ani's crime novels. For Commissioner Süd and the air guitarist, Noethen received the Adolf Grimme Prize as well as before for his leading role in Hermine Huntgeburth's TV two-part Devil's Roast. He was nominated for the German Film Award for his portrayal of the French monarch Charles IX in Jo Baier's historical film Henri 4 (2009).

In Hannah Arendt (2012), Noethen portrayed the philosopher Hans Jonas. Since 2014 he plays the psychiatrist Dr. Jessen in the TV series Neben der Spur. Noethen plays Anne's father Otto Heinrich Frank in the literary film Das Tagebuch der Anne Frank, which was shot in spring 2015 and was released in cinemas on 3 March 2016.

Noethen is a member of the German Acting Association (BFFS).

Noethen was originally supposed to play the role of Professor Boerne in the Münster Tatort from 2002, but was unable to maintain his original promise due to other interesting role offers that would have clashed with the long-term format Tatort.

Selected filmography

 Comedian Harmonists (1997) - Harry Frommermann
 Viehjud Levi (1999) - Ingenieur Kohler
 Beresina, or the Last Days of Switzerland (1999) - Dr. Alfred Waldvogel
 Grüne Wüste (1999) - Detlef
  (2000) - Hans von Dohnanyi
 Gripsholm (2000) - Kurt
  (2001) - Eugen Schafmeyer
 Vera Brühne (2001, TV miniseries) - Prosecutor Böck
  (2001) - Bruno Taschenbier
 Francisca (2002) - Helmut Busch / Bruno Müller
  (2002) - Nico Ellermann
  (2002) - Bernhard Blocksberg
  (2003) - Dr. Johann 'Justus' Bökh
  (2003) - Bruno Taschenbier
 Jargo (2004) - Schuldirektor
 Downfall (2004) - Heinrich Himmler
 Off Beat (2004) - Prof. Olivari
  (2004) - Bernhard Blocksberg
  (2005) - Herbert Pinn
  (2005, TV film) - Dr. Alexander Kielberg
  (2006) - Herr Manek
  (2006) - Roland Spatz
 My Führer – The Really Truest Truth about Adolf Hitler (2007) - Heinrich Himmler
 Runaway Horse (2007) - Helmut Halm
  (2008) - Joachim Hellwig
 Long Shadows (2008) - Bernd Widmer
 Henri 4 (2010) - Charles IX
 Rumpe & Tuli (2010) - Therapeut
  (2011, TV film) - Kapitän Lehmann
  (2011, TV film) - Rudi Bockelmann
 Cracks in the Shell (2011) - Kaspar Friedmann
  (2011, TV film) - Wilhelm Michel
 Sams im Glück (2012) - Bruno Taschenbier
 Moon Man (2012) - The Father (voice, German version)
 A Coffee in Berlin (2012) - Walter Fischer
 Hannah Arendt (2012) - Hans Jonas
  (2012, TV film) - Chlodwig Pullmann
  (2013) - Volker Trebur
 Pettson & Findus: Fun Stuff (2014) - Pettson
 Deutschland 83 (2015, TV series, 8 episodes) - General Wolfgang Edel
  (2016, TV film) - Fritz Bauer
 Das Tagebuch der Anne Frank (2016) - Otto Frank
 NSU German History X:  (2016, TV film) - Helmut Roewer
 Charité (2019, TV series, 6 episodes) - Ferdinand Sauerbruch
  (2019) - Jens Ole Jepsen

References

External links

 Noethen's agency

1959 births
Living people
Male actors from Munich
German male film actors
German male television actors
20th-century German male actors
21st-century German male actors
German Film Award winners


Ridley Road Market (known locally as Ridley Road) but often referred to as "Dalston Market" is the central marketplace in Dalston in the London Borough of Hackney. It is opposite Dalston Kingsland railway station, just off the Kingsland High Street section of the A10, about three miles north of the City of London. It sells a wide range of commodities, including food. Goods, particularly fruit and vegetables, are sold from traditional barrows (trolleys) in the pedestrianised street from 8am to 6pm daily (not Sundays or bank holidays). There is a large range of traditional and exotic produce from around the world. Other stalls and many other shops lining the street sell a wide variety of foods and household goods. New style stalls have recently been introduced by the local council.

See also
 List of markets in London

References

Retail markets in London
Streets in the London Borough of Hackney

Dalston


Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry (commonly referred to as Kornberg School of Dentistry) is the dental school of Temple University, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It is one of several dental schools in the state of Pennsylvania. The average incoming class is 140 students.

History
Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry was established in 1863 as Philadelphia Dental College and is the second oldest continually functioning dental school in the country. The school became part of Temple University in 1907. Formerly known as the Temple University School of Dentistry, the school's name was changed in December 2006 after a $10 million donation by the estate of Maurice H. Kornberg.

The school, located in North Philadelphia, is known for its clinical experience as well as community involvement. Kornberg has completed extensive renovations to the school that include a new Orthodontics department as well as a new Pediatrics department and entire restorative department.  This is all due to the aggressive expansion efforts of the dean, Dr. Amid Ismail with support from the school's Board of Visitors and Alumni.

Academics
Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry awards Doctor of Dental Medicine degrees.

The school also allows students to earn both Doctor of Dental Medicine and Master of Business Administration degrees in four or five years through a special program.

Departments
Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry includes the following departments:
Dental Public Health Sciences
Endodontics
Oral Maxillofacial Pathology Medicine and Surgery
Orthodontics
Pediatric Dentistry
Periodontology and Oral Implantology
Restorative Dentistry
Oral Health Sciences

Accreditation
Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry is currently accredited by the American Dental Association.

Alumni
Duff Post, served as mayor of Tampa, Florida

See also

American Student Dental Association

References

Dental schools in Pennsylvania
Kornberg School of Dentistry
Universities and colleges in Philadelphia
Universities and colleges established in 1863
Nicetown-Tioga, Philadelphia
1863 establishments in Pennsylvania


Ralph Assheton (1830–1907) was an English politician.

Biography

Early life
Ralph Assheton was born on 20 December 1830. His father was William Assheton (1788–1853) and his mother, Hon. Frances Annabella Cokayne (1795–1835). His maternal great-grandfather was Charles Cokayne, 5th Viscount Cullen (1710–1802). He graduated from Trinity College, Cambridge, where he received a Masters of Arts degree.

Career
He was elected as Member of Parliament for Clitheroe at an unopposed by-election in 1868 following the death of Richard Fort. He held the seat at the subsequent 1868 general election, and also in 1874, but was defeated at the 1880 general election. He did not stand for Parliament again.

Personal life
He married Emily Augusta Feilden, sister of Joseph Feilden (1824–1895) and daughter of Joseph Feilden and Frances Mary Master, on 3 August 1854. They had seven children:
Frances Annabella Assheton (died 1939).
Dorothy Assheton (died 1908).
Joan Assheton (died 1962).
Sir Ralph Cockayne Assheton, 1st Bt (1860–1945).
Richard Assheton (1863–1915).
Reverend William Orme Assheton (1866–1953).
Nicholas Radclyffe Assheton (1870–1960).

They resided at Downham Hall in Downham, Lancashire. He died on 22 June 1907.

References

External links

1830 births
1907 deaths
Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
UK MPs 1865–1868
UK MPs 1868–1874
UK MPs 1874–1880


Source credibility is "a term commonly used to imply a communicator's positive characteristics that affect the receiver's acceptance of a message." Academic studies of this topic began in the 20th century and were given a special emphasis during World War II, when the US government sought to use propaganda to influence public opinion in support of the war effort. Psychologist Carl Hovland and his colleagues worked at the War Department upon this during the 1940s and then continued experimental studies at Yale University. They built upon the work of researchers in the first half of the 20th century who had developed a Source-Message-Channel-Receiver model of communication and, with Muzafer Sherif, (Muzaffer Şerif Başoğlu) developed this as part of their theories of persuasion and social judgement.

About
Source credibility theory is an established theory that explains how communication's persuasiveness is affected by the perceived credibility of the source of the communication. The credibility of all communication, regardless of format, has been found to be heavily influenced by the perceived credibility of the source of that communication.

The idea of credibility was first derived from Aristotle who argued that the speaker's reliability must be built and established in speech and that what the speaker did or said before such a speech was not of importance. Aristotle divided the aspects of persuasion into three categories: ethos (credibility), pathos (emotion) and logos (logic). As credibility refers to people believing who they trust, emotion and logic indicate a person's emotional connection and means of reasoning to convince one of a particular argument and/or speech.  The area of source credibility is studied for practical applications in communication, marketing, law, and political science.

Dimensions
There are several dimensions of credibility that affect how an audience will perceive the speaker: competence, extraversion, composure, character, and sociability. These dimensions can be related to French & Raven's five bases of power (see below). These characteristics are fluid and affect each other as well as the speaker's transactional credibility. One dimension may strengthen the speaker's credibility if he/she struggles in another.

The audience can perceive these attributes through certain behaviors in which the speaker delivers results, is concise and direct with the audience members. If a speaker displays characteristics of honesty, integrity, sincerity, and can show that they are trustworthy and ethical, the audience will be more inclined to believe the message being communicated to them, even if they do not remember every aspect of the interaction. They will, however, recall how the presenter made them feel, how they took in the information and what they may share with others once the presentation has concluded.

For instance, if a speaker presents the audience with a short clip and includes a witty joke at the conclusion of the video to drive the point home, members of the audience may only remember the joke. Although the joke may only be a small element of the entire speech, someone will recall it and share it with others and perhaps speak kindly of the speaker and wish to interact with that person again, or promise to purchase product or feel inclined to tell anyone who will listen about what they learned. This is when terminal credibility comes into play, but is dependent on how well the speaker presented the information to the audience.

Speakers must also present themselves to be likable since people are more inclined to trust those they generally like or feel comfortable with in a room. Being friendly, easy going, warmhearted, nice and kind can carry the speaker into a very comfortable space with the audience. Once the audience is at ease, the speaker can generally present their information, and it will be perceived positively.

The late Dr. James C. McCroskey (University of Alabama at Birmingham) was known for his research in the dimensions of source credibility. His scales for the measurement of source credibility have been widely used in communication research. He noted in his 1975 article, "Image of Mass Media News Sources", that "the available scales for the measurement of source credibility should not be assumed to be universally applicable measures of source credibility." However, his research and his proposed scale from 1975 are still foundations for source credibility research.

In McCroskey's work, he further breaks down each dimension as follows:

Competence

The measurement of competence is based on seven values. These values are qualification, expertise, reliability, believability, openness (i.e. intellectual vs. narrow), value, and currency (i.e., informed vs. uninformed).

Character

The measurement of character has four values. These are kindness, sympathy, selflessness (i.e., unselfish vs. selfish), and virtue.

Sociability

The measurement of sociability has three values. These are friendliness, cheer, and temperament (i.e., good natured vs. irritable). Character and sociability may be combined by some researchers. In that case, researchers will employ the seven values under one "Character-Sociability" measurement.

Composure

Four seemingly synonymous values are assigned to the measurement of composure. These are excitability (composed vs. excitable), calmness (calm vs. anxious), tension (relaxed vs. tense), and poise (poised vs. nervous).

Extroversion

Like composure, extroversion is composed of four seemingly synonymous values. These are aggressiveness, boldness, talkativeness (i.e. talkative vs. silent), and voice (i.e., verbal vs. quiet).

Dr. McCroskey's research concluded that of the five dimensions of credibility, competence, character and sociability were the most important in establishing and maintaining credibility.

Dynamics

Initial credibility is established before a speaker appears before an audience to deliver a particular message. If there are few people in the audience who know the speaker, the level of credibility is at a low, and just the opposite can apply if the speaker is known. The levels are incredibly high with well-known authors, personalities, celebrities, politicians, professors and the like. For instance, the credibility would be incredibly low if a recently published author walked on a stage as opposed to Stephen King gracing the place with his presence. One simply has more of a trust/believable factor than the other.

B.J. Fogg identified initial credibility as surface credibility in his 2003 book Persuasive Technology: Using Computers to Change What We Think and Do. He defined it as credibility that derives from "initial judgments based on surface traits such as a persons' looks, his or her dress, or hairstyle"

The same can be said for advertisements. Generally, people are familiar with Nike, Puma and New Balance. A fairly new shoe company would have to work harder to gain customers. If a person/company is virtually unknown, they must create a sense of trust, believability in themselves and their product. People need to see evidence that the person/company can be trusted.  The well-known person/company has to live up to the previous expectations and not disappoint those who have shown up to see them speak and possibly purchase product. The advertising and marketing industry calls this brand management.

Transactional credibility is based on what takes place after initial credibility is established and during the course of interaction. Several factors affect credibility at this stage. How the audience receives the speaker's message, if the speaker will make a new or reaffirm old impressions, and how the speaker conveys his/her confidence or lack thereof are just a few. These factors could affect credibility either way for the speaker and affect how well the speaker's message is received. Either consciously or subconsciously, the audience examines the speaker's competence, likeability, passion, character, and, depending on the environment of the interaction, professionalism. To maintain credibility, the speaker should be knowledgeable about the subject, sincere in his/her approach, enthusiastic and even relaxed. All of this will make the audience lean more towards trusting and having faith in the speaker rather than the opposite. In this sense, the audience comes with an expectation and hopes to leave with a better feeling about themselves as it relates to the person, product and/or company.

Terminal credibility refers to what the audience takes away with them once the interaction has concluded. If the audience felt the speaker had good dimensions of source credibility, the terminal credibility will be high. On the other hand, if the speaker was incompetent, lacked character, did not maintain composure, and came off as unsociable and introverted, the terminal credibility will be low. This final form of credibility hinges on how the audience perceives the speaker and if the speaker uses valid information to get specific points across to those listening. Terminal credibility in one interaction will affect initial credibility in the next.

For example, a teacher delivers a lecture and informs the students that the works of Gabriel Garcia Marquez are not considered magical realism and uses one article in which to defend this argument to make it fit the speech. If students are intrigued and decide to go and delve further into the works of Marquez and finds several articles to prove that the author not only uses magical realism, but is credited with being its founder, then the credibility of the instructor is tarnished, and the students may not trust what is said in the classroom for the remainder of the school year. To ensure that the terminal credibility is positive, enhancing the speech itself is beneficial. A connection should be made with the audience, common ground displayed and speaking with conviction. The key is to build a substantial rapport with the audience so that the terminal credibility is positive.

Five bases of power

Source credibility has an explicit effect on the bases of power used in persuasion.  Source credibility, the bases of power, and objective power, which is established based on variables such as position or title, are interrelated. The levels of each have a direct relationship in the manipulation and levels of one another.

The social psychologists John R. P. French and Bertram Raven introduced the five bases of power: Coercive, Reward, Legitimate, Referent, and Expert.  This was followed by Raven's subsequent identification in 1965 of a sixth separate and distinct base of power: informational power.

Reward power

Reward power is based on the perception that the persuading agent has the ability to provide reward, either positive or a decrease in negative result, for the target of the influence. Character and sociability are dimensions of credibility that can help establish reward power.

Coercive power

Coercive power is based on the perception that the persuading agent has the ability to provide negative results, such as punishment or other reprimand, for the target of the influence.

Legitimate power

Legitimate power is based on the perception that the persuading agent has the right, such as through a specific role or position, to influence and obtain compliance from the target of the influence.

Referent power

Referent power is based on the identification with or association with persuading agent by the target of the influence. Character, composure, extroversion and sociability are the dimensions of credibility that help establish referent power.

Expert power

Expert power is based on the perception that the persuading agent has special knowledge that can be provided to the target of the influence. Competence is the single dimension of credibility that can be directly linked to establishing expert power.

Informational power

Informational power is based on the information, or logical argument, that the persuading agent can provide information or obtain information for the target of the influence.

The relationship between measures of power and credibility correlate considerably with one another, indicating that the French and Raven bases of power are not statistically independent concepts. The level of objective power affects the relationship between credibility and perceived social power. Credibility has a direct effect on perceived power. Therefore, individuals with the highest credibility also have the most perceived social power on all of the power bases. When individuals have a low amount of objective power, credibility significantly affects social power ratings.  High credibility increases judgments of perceived reward, coercive, referent, and legitimate powers. Expert powers are also influenced positively, but do not correlate at the highest levels of credibility. Therefore, the highest amount of credibility does not elevate perceived expert powers to the highest levels. However, credibility does not have considerable influence on the perceived social power of individuals with high initial objective power, due to perceptions of powerfulness based on this power.

In interpersonal relationships
Interpersonal credibility is based on a listener's perceptions of a speaker's expertness, reliability, intentions, activeness, personal attractiveness and the majority opinion of the listener's associates. First impressions play a significant role in interpersonal credibility and may be enduring.  Both children and adults take confidence and accuracy into account when judging credibility. Adults also take into account calibration (i.e., the speaker's own estimation of their accuracy as demonstrated by confidence and accuracy) and change their assessments of credibility if the speaker is revealed to have inaccurate calibration (e.g. is over- or underconfident). Children believe confident speakers over ones lacking in confidence and do not appear to take calibration into account, possibly because children have not reached the same stage of cognitive development as adults.

Source factors
Researchers discovered that certain communication traits can alter one's ability to persuade and influence others. These traits received the name "Source Factors". One of these source factors that may increase the communicator's persuasive efforts is credibility. Credibility is composed of expertise (is the individual in a position to know the truth?) and trustworthiness (is the person likely to tell the truth?). Furthermore, Indirect evidence from research suggests that liking the communicator can influence the recipients' judgment. It can affect the communicator's trustworthiness, but not his expertise. While including humor in a communication might boost liking, if failed, the attempt to humor can lower trustworthiness, liking, and sometimes even the communicator's perceived expertise. Similarity is another source element. People prefer others who are similar to them and give them preferential treatment.

In politics
Candidates in political campaigns use credibility extensively to influence the attitudes and opinions of voters.  They attempt to prime, or connect specific issues or personality traits, to persuade voters to focus on those issues favorable to the candidate to influence a more positive opinion of the candidate.

A candidate's credibility is important in determining the effectiveness of political advertising. Advertisements for candidates with high credibility have a greater impact on influencing audiences and potential voters. Low credibility reduces the impact and influence of negative or comparative advertising supporting the candidate. A candidate with high credibility will better withstand the influences of any negative advertising.

Another application of credibility in politics is endorsements by celebrities attempting to use their status to influence voters. Celebrity credibility is based on numerous attributes, the most influential of which are trustworthiness and competence. High-credibility and low-credibility celebrity endorsers are perceived very differently. However, the level of credibility of celebrity endorsers, while important in the conveyance of their messages, does not influence the credibility of or attitudes toward candidates. They, therefore, may not change the political public opinions or voting behaviors of their audience.

Media credibility
Media credibility refers to the perceived believability of media content "beyond any proof of its contentions." Although its roots are in Hovland's classic persuasion research on source credibility, media credibility research has shifted the focus from characteristics of individual, personal sources to characteristics of media behaviors such as objectivity, accuracy, fairness, and lack of bias. Empirical research has found that media credibility is an important part, along with message characteristics and audience characteristics, of effective communication.

According to Dan Gillmor when becoming mediactive (i.e., an active consumer of media) source credibility is a very important aspect. He suggests that users be skeptical; they should be on the lookout for fallacies, such as the two-side fallacy, and people who are paid to persuade. He also believes that people need to exercise judgment, the idea of assuming that everything is lying is just as much a problem as assuming that everything posted or published is the truth.  Opening your mind is another important concept when considering source credibility. Most people are likely to consider a source credible if the content reflects ideas that the user also holds. Finally, Gillmor advises that people keep asking questions and follow up on sources to help realize their credibility.

Credibility is a core value of American journalism.  Credibility also is essential to the business aspect of the media. Loss of credibility may translate to loss of audience. Journalists themselves view loss of credibility as the biggest issue facing the industry.  Because the media occupies a significant part of people's daily lives, it significantly impacts the social construction of reality, the shape of public consciousness and the direction of sociopolitical change.  Therefore, media's credibility is as important as the message itself.

Additional predictors of media credibility
Although it has not been proven that resemblance between the communicator and the audience directly impacts the listeners, it was found that commonalities can have an indirect effect on the audience, such as liking and credibility. Being charming, attractive, and funny, as well as identifying similarities and delivering compliments, are all effective strategies to make the interaction positive and portray the communicator positively.

Journalist credibility

The actions of some journalists have raised questions about credibility. Joe McGinniss was criticized for misleading accused killer Jeffrey MacDonald about whether or not he believed MacDonald innocent. Janet Cooke fabricated a Pulitzer Prize-winning story in The Washington Post. Jack Kelley fabricated stories that appeared in USA Today over a period of years. Jayson Blair plagiarized and fabricated New York Times stories. Dan Rather's career at CBS News ended after issues surrounding the credibility of a story. Numerous other examples of journalism scandals center on credibility issues. But, while credibility issues may end an individual journalist's career, those scandals do not seem to have much impact on public opinion; the public is mostly unaware of individual transgressions; when it is aware, it is not shocked; a majority of the public surveyed said news organizations sometimes made up stories.

Source credibility

Television viewers distinguish between the credibility of official (or elite) and citizen (or nonelite) sources. Expert ratings alter subjects' judgments of source credibility.  Race does not affect credibility. Debate about the credibility of elite versus nonelite sources dates back to at least the 1920s. Walter Lippmann argued in favor of elite sources in his 1922 book Public Opinion. John Dewey argued citizens are credible sources in his 1927 book The Public and its Problems. Elite, male sources outnumber nonelite, female and minority sources in American journalism.  Television news viewers perceive stories with elite sources as significantly more credible than stories with nonelite sources. Source titles and manner of dress played a larger role in viewer estimations of credibility than did either race or even what the sources said on air.

Hard news and soft news

Journalists and television viewers distinguish between hard news and soft news (or infotainment). Television viewers find hard news more credible than soft news.

Media type

Whether a story appears in a magazine, newspaper or on television may also affect credibility. The credibility assigned to different media varies by race and gender of news consumers.

No-source stories

Television viewers do not assign significantly more credibility to stories that include sources than they do to no-source stories.  This aligns with research suggesting that citing authorities in speeches that advocate a position makes little difference in shifting listener opinion.

Overall media credibility

Viewers do not hold broadcast news as particularly credible and the credibility of broadcast news in the public's eyes is in decline. There is increasing evidence of public skepticism of media content. The General Social Survey charts a slide in media credibility ratings since the late 1980s. Contributory factors may include a perception that powerful people and organizations influence the press, doubt about media fairness, doubt about journalists' willingness to admit error, cynicism about standards and performance, and questions about values, morals and partisanship.

New media

New media, such as blogs, are changing journalism. One study found that random citizens who contributed to a blog increased their credibility over time, to the point that traditional media outlets quoted them as sources.

Education

Less educated people trust media content more than more educated people.

Media Credibility Index (from the International Council for Press and Broadcasting)

The Media Credibility Index is a relatively new publication, produced annually by the Next Century Foundation (NCF), together with the International Council for Press and Broadcasting. It was launched at the NCF's 2011 International Media Awards. It is currently being developed to try and cover a wide range of publications, assessing them in terms of press freedom, accuracy, incitement, bias, sensitivity and transparency, awarding plus or minus points as is seen fit. Points awarded are only based on items reported to the International Council for Press and Broadcasting that have been posted on the NCF media blogs. The purpose of the Index is to foster good journalism, responsible editing, balanced broadcasting and more responsible treatment of media professionals. It mostly focuses on Anglo-American media, the Middle East and South Asia.

To view the 2011 and 2012 reports in full, please follow the link: Media Credibility Index

The Internet
The development of the internet and its delivery of online information have created a new information environment that can affect perceptions of the credibility of that information. Online information can be created by amateur sources (e.g., blogs and citizen journalism) posted on personal sites or on news websites (e.g., comments on news stories, CNN's iReport). Seeking to satiate the insatiable online audience with "instant" news can result in inaccuracies and premature conclusions. Online "polls" intended to allow the audience to express opinions are insufficient in that they are neither random nor representative samples. The freedom for anyone to publish anything and the convergence of information genres (i.e., infotainment) affect editorial review and credibility.

A study of the impact of the internet on value orientations in mainland China by Jonathan Zhu and Zhou He (University of Hong Kong) revealed that credibility of the internet was far more important than conventional media to Chinese citizens. This may be because conventional media has a historical record of being credible whereas internet sources, especially user-generated content, can be questionable.

Websites are often the first or only interaction consumers have with a company. Also, these interactions are usually short- in the magnitude of a few seconds to a few minutes. Source credibility can be established online in a number of ways to include logo design, website sophistication, and source citation. Lowry, Wilson and Haig (2013) showed that well designed logos that are synergistic with the company's product/service can trigger positive credibility judgments about the company's website and results in greater trust and willingness to interact with the company. These effects are magnified when the website design extends and complements the logo design. Additional source credibility theory research has shown that color schemes and other visual elements can predict perceptions of credibility.

On social media sites, source credibility can be ascribed based on the number of followers and the ratio between followers and follows a user has. Research by Westerman, Spence and Van Der Heide (2011) shows that there is a curvilinear effect for the number of followers, "such that having too many or too few connections results in lower judgments of expertise and trustworthiness." A narrow gap between followers and follows may also result in a higher perception of competence (i.e., if a user has many followers but does not follow many others, that person may be regarded as less of an expert). Further research showed that frequency of updates led to higher perception of credibility.

Klout.com is a social media analytic website and app that ranks users according to online social influence and assigns a "Klout Score". Research by Westerman et al. has shown that a higher "Klout Score" results in higher perceived competence and character but has no bearing on the caring (i.e., sociability) dimension of credibility.

Focus groups have also shown that users evaluation criteria of blog credibility slightly differed from that of traditional media credibility. Participants indicated that the source of the blog was the first component evaluated and factors such as the source's knowledge, passion, transparency, reliability, and influence impacted credibility judgements. Participants also indicated that the blog's message/content needed to be authentic, insightful, informative, consistent, accurate, timely, popular, fair, and focused.

Popular culture
Source credibility has an enormous role in popular culture. Celebrity endorsement is a popular communication strategy in advertising and relies heavily on source credibility, at least in the United States. Dr. Roobina Ohanian, an associate professor of marketing at Emory University, developed a scale for assessing celebrity credibility and assessed the impact of celebrity credibility on consumers' purchase intentions. Her scale measured three components: attractiveness, trustworthiness and expertise. Though not as precise as McCroskey's scale, Ohanian's scale has been widely used in the United States.

Professional athletes' credibility is also important to pop culture. An athlete's credibility differs a little, however, from typical celebrity endorsers. Research indicates that negative information about an endorsing athlete can lead to negative impact directed toward the endorsed brand or product. Issues outside the realm of sport have been considered the source of negative information about an athlete (e.g., a scandal or crime). For example, when Tiger Woods' sex scandal became known to the public, Gatorade immediately severed its ties. Likewise, when Michael Phelps was indicted for illegal drug use, Kellogg's dropped him from their advertising campaigns.

Athletic performance, however, has come into question of whether it affects source credibility and, remarkably, it does. A study by Koo, Ruihley, and Dittmore (2012) shows that athletic performance is seen subconsciously as a reflection of a celebrity athlete's trustworthiness. Additionally, maintained or increased athletic performance following negative news may help the celebrity athlete to maintain or quickly regain his/her credibility.

Celebrity source credibility goes beyond product/brand endorsement, though. Oprah Winfrey, for example, was touted as the "doyenne of daytime television," and, as such, had an incredible following. She was able to utilize her credibility in a number of ways. Her book club would bring nearly instant success to any featured author. Her talk show would bring out the best (and worst) in its guests. And, most recently, she has been able to use her credibility and past success as the foundation for a media empire.

Physical attractiveness is another component relative to pop culture that has been researched. Physical attractiveness has been linked to credibility as an aspect of likability which can be classified under sociability or trustworthiness. Further research shows age has an effect on credibility. Steinhaus and Lapitsky showed that women of varying ages ascribe more credibility to older fashion models than younger ones. Their research concluded that "similarity between older models and older consumers resulted in significant positive effects for source credibility and interpersonal attraction. Younger consumers evaluated older models higher than younger models on one dimension of credibility, but indicated no other significant differences in attitudes toward younger or older models."

References

Belief
Communication
Persuasion


The 1993 Ansett Australian Indoor Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Sydney Entertainment Centre in Sydney, Australia and was part of the Championship Series of the 1993 ATP Tour. It was the 21st edition of the tournament and was held from 4 through 11 October 1993. Unseeded Jaime Yzaga won the singles title.

Finals

Singles

 Jaime Yzaga defeated  Petr Korda 6–4, 4–6, 7–6(7–4), 7–6(9–7)
 It was Yzaga's 2nd title of the year and the 8th of his career.

Doubles

 Patrick McEnroe /  Richey Reneberg defeated  Alexander Mronz /  Lars Rehmann 6–3, 7–5
 It was McEnroe's 3rd title of the year and the 12th of his career. It was Reneberg's 4th title of the year and the 12th of his career.

References

External links
 International Tennis Federation (ITF) – tournament edition details


Carlo Gordon Monti (born 10 July 1990) is a Scottish professional footballer, who plays for Beith Juniors in the West of Scotland League. He has previously played at Scottish Championship level for Greenock Morton and Dundee.

Club career
Monti started his career with Celtic, signing as a nine-year-old and working his way through the ranks to the Celtic first team squad where he was earmarked as an attacking wing-back by the late Tommy Burns. He left the club at 18 to sign for Greenock Morton in April 2009.

Monti scored the first goal of his senior career with a 20-yard drive in the 2–1 defeat away at Dunfermline. He also scored the winning goal as Morton avoided relegation, at the same time relegating Ayr United, on 1 May 2010. Monti rejected a new contract offer at Morton, and after a potential move to Dundee fell through, he was left without a club.

After leaving Morton, Monti left the professional game and played local amateur football in Glasgow. While playing for Drumchapel United, he was convinced by new Pollok manager John Richardson to sign for the Junior side in March 2012. Monti scored 16 goals in 15 games as Pollok preserved their Premier Division status and he extended his contract with the Glasgow side for another season. In his final game for Pollok he scored two and set-up one in a 3–0 over Ashfield in the Central League Cup final, as well as winning man of the match.

On 10 July 2013, Monti was signed by Dundee manager John Brown after a successful trial and scored his first competitive goal for the club against Alloa Athletic in the Scottish Challenge Cup. Monti was released by recently appointed Dundee manager Paul Hartley in April 2014 after making nineteen appearances for the club.

After briefly rejoining Pollok, Monti moved to Maltese club Żebbuġ Rangers in August 2014. He moved on in the summer of 2015 to fellow Maltese club Qormi but was released in December.

After returning from Malta, Monti joined Pollok for a third time in January 2016 and was in Lok's losing Scottish Junior Cup final side against Beith Juniors the following May. In September 2016, Monti was placed on the transfer list by Pollok and he signed for Kilwinning Rangers in October.

In September 2021, Kilwinning Rangers accepted a transfer request from Monti, before accepting bids from Lowland Football League side Broomhill and ambitious West of Scotland Conference outfit Drumchapel United. In February 2022, Monti moved to Cumnock Juniors.

International career
Monti has played for the Scotland national side at all youth levels from under-16s to under-18s, playing in the under 17s in Germany alongside Hearts starlet Gary Glen and against Thomas Müller. He also made three starting appearances for Ross Mathie's under-18 side, in defeats to France, Turkey and a draw with the United States.

Honours

Pollok
Central League Cup: Winner 2012-13
Scottish Junior Cup: Runner-Up 2015-16

Dundee
Scottish Championship: Winner 2013-14

Kilwinning Rangers
Eglinton Cup: Winner 2021-22

See also
Greenock Morton F.C. season 2008-09 | 2009–10 | 2010–11

References

External links

1990 births
Arbroath F.C. players
Men's association football forwards
Men's association football midfielders
Celtic F.C. players
Dundee F.C. players
Greenock Morton F.C. players
Kilwinning Rangers F.C. players
Living people
Maltese Premier League players
Pollok F.C. players
Qormi F.C. players
Scotland men's youth international footballers
Scottish Football League players
Scottish men's footballers
Scottish Junior Football Association players
Scottish Professional Football League players
Footballers from Glasgow
Żebbuġ Rangers F.C. players
People educated at St Thomas Aquinas Secondary School, Glasgow
Cumnock Juniors F.C. players
West of Scotland Football League players


Todd Strange (born ) is an American politician and businessman who served as the 56th mayor of Montgomery, Alabama. Strange won a special election and took office on March 24, 2009, after his predecessor, Democrat Bobby Bright, was elected to the United States House of Representatives. Although municipal elections in Montgomery are nonpartisan, Strange is a Republican.

Before becoming mayor, Strange served as chairman of the Montgomery County Commission for nearly five years. He also served as president, CEO, and co-owner of Blount Strange Automotive Group.

References

External links
 Official biography

1940s births
21st-century American politicians
Alabama Republicans
Living people
Mayors of Montgomery, Alabama
County commissioners in Alabama
University of Montevallo alumni


The 1911 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans for the 1911 college football season. The only selector for the 1911 season who has been recognized as "official" by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) is Walter Camp.  Many other sports writers, newspapers, coaches and others also selected All-America teams in 1911.  Others who selected All-Americans in 1911 include New York sports writer Wilton S. Farnsworth, The New York Globe, Minnesota coach Henry L. Williams, The Christian Science Monitor, former Yale stars Ted Coy and Charles Chadwick, and Baseball Magazine.

Walter Camp's "official" selections
The only individual who has been recognized as an "official" selector by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) for the 1911 season is Walter Camp.  Accordingly, the NCAA's official listing of "Consensus All-America Selections" mirrors Camp's first-team picks. Nine of Camp's first-team All-Americans in 1911 played on teams from the Ivy League.  The only players recognized by Camp from outside the Ivy League were Jim Thorpe from the Carlisle School, Leland Devore of Army and Jack Dalton of Navy.

The dominance of Ivy League players on Camp's All-America teams led to criticism over the years that his selections were biased against players from the leading Western universities, including Chicago, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Notre Dame.

All-Americans of 1911

Ends
Sanford White, Princeton (WC-1; NYG-1; TC-1; WSF-1; HW-1; CC-1; HL; BM; CSM; SPS; COY)
Douglas Bomeisler, Yale (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; WSF-2; CC-1; HL; COY)
Stanfield Wells, Michigan (WC-3 [hb]; NYG-1; HW-1; HL)
Lawrence Dunlap "Bud" Smith, Harvard (WC-2; TC-1; WSF-1; HL; BM; CSM)
Dexter Very, Penn. State (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-2; WSF-3; HL)
Edward J. Daly, Dartmouth (WSF-2; HL)
A. Harry Kallett, Syracuse (WC-3; SPS)
Busty Ashbaugh, Brown (WC-3; WSF-3)
Frederick L. Conklin, Michigan (HL)
Chauncey Oliver, Illinois (HL)
Sampson Burd, Carlisle (HL)

Tackles
Ed Hart, Princeton (WC-1; NYG-1; TC-1; WSF-1; HW-1; CC-1; HL; BM; CSM; SPS; COY)
Leland Devore, Army (WC-1; NYG-1)
Jim Scully, Yale (WC-2; WSF-2; CC-1; BM; SPS)
Jogger Elcock, Dartmouth (WSF-1)
Leonard Frank, Minnesota (TC-1; HW-1)
Robert M. Littlejohn, Army (WSF-2)
John Brown, Navy (College Football Hall of Fame), Navy (WC-3; COY)
William Edward Munk, Cornell (WC-2; WSF-3; BM [fb])
Sylvester V. Shonka, Nebraska (HL)
Charles M. Rademacher, Chicago (HL; CSM)
Greig, Swarthmore (HL)
Rudy Probst, Syracuse (HL)
Oliver M. Kratz, Brown (WSF-3)

Guards

Bob Fisher, Harvard (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; TC-1; WSF-1; CC-1; BM; CSM; SPS; COY)
Joseph Duff, Princeton (WC-1; TC-1; WSF-1; CC-1; HL; CSM; COY)
Alfred L. Buser, Wisconsin (WC-3 [t]; NYG-1; HL [t])
Charles J. Robinson, Minnesota (HW-1)
Ray Wakeman, Navy (HW-1)
George Howe, Navy (NYG-1)
Horace Scruby, Chicago (WC-2; HL)
Elmer W. McDevitt, Yale (WC-2; WSF-2)
James "Red" Bebout, Penn State (WSF-2)
Pomeroy T. Francis, Yale (WC-3; BM)
Archibald V. Arnold, Army (WC-3; WSF-3; HL; CSM; SPS)
Paul Belting, Illinois (HL)
Ray L. Bennett, Dartmouth (WSF-3)

Centers
Hank Ketcham, Yale (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; NYG-1; WSF-2; CC-1; HL; SPS; COY)
Arthur Bluethenthal, Princeton (WC-2; TC-1; WSF-1; HL; BM)
Franklin C. Sibert, Army (HW-1)
P. V. H. Weems, Navy (WC-3)
Willis "Fat" O'Brien, Iowa (HL)
James A. Ayling, Syracuse (WSF-3)

Quarterbacks

Art Howe, Yale (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; NYG-1; WSF-1; HW-1; CC-1; HL; COY)
Earl Sprackling, Brown (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-2; WSF-2; HL; BM)
John "Keckie" Moll, Wisconsin (HL; CSM; SPS)
Ralph Capron, Minnesota (WC-3; TC-1; HL)
 Thomas Andrew Gill, Indiana (HL)
Ray Morrison, Vanderbilt (College Football Hall of Fame) (HL; COY [hb])
Preston Doane Fogg, Syracuse (HL)
Shorty Miller, Penn State (College Football Hall of Fame) (WSF-3)

Halfbacks
Percy Wendell, Harvard (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; NYG-1 [fb]; TC-1; WSF-1; HW-1; CC-1; HL; BM; CSM; SPS [fb]; COY [fb])
Jim Thorpe, Carlisle (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; WSF-2; CC-1; HL; BM; CSM; SPS)
Reuben Martin Rosenwald, Minnesota (WC-2; NYG-1; HW-1; HL)
Walter C. Camp, Jr., Yale (WC-2; WSF-2; HL)
Dave Morey, Dartmouth (WC-2)
Talbot Pendleton, Princeton (WSF-3)
Robert Hogsett, Dartmouth (WSF-3)
James B. Craig, Michigan (HL)
Clark Sauer, Chicago (HL)
Elmer Oliphant, Purdue (HL)
Johnny Spiegel, Lafayette (HL)
Harry Costello, Georgetown (HL)

Fullbacks
Jack Dalton, Navy (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-1; NYG-1 [hb]; TC-1 [hb]; WSF-1 [hb]; CC-1; HL; SPS [hb]; COY [hb])
F. LeRoy Mercer, Penn  (College Football Hall of Fame) (WC-3 [hb]; TC-1; WSF-1; HL; CSM)
Jesse Philbin, Yale (WSF-1)
Winthrop J. Snow, Dartmouth (WSF-2)
Ted Hudson, Trinity (WC-3, WSF-3)
Stancil "Possum" Powell, Carlisle (HL)
Wallace De Witt, Princeton (HL)

Key
NCAA recognized selectors for 1911
 WC = Collier's Weekly as selected by Walter Camp

Other selectors
 NYG = The New York Globe
 HL = Outing magazine published a "Football Honor List for 1911" selected by coaches from the East and West.
 TC = Tommy Clark
 WSF = W.S. Farnsworth
 HW = Dr. Henry L. Williams, longtime coach at the University of Minnesota
 CC = Charles Chadwick, "former famous Yale guard"
 BM = Baseball Magazine
 CSM = The Christian Science Monitor
 SPS = Syracuse Post-Standard
 COY = Former Yale star Ted Coy

Bold = Consensus All-American
 1 – First-team selection
 2 – Second-team selection
 3 – Third-team selection

See also
 1911 All-Southern college football team
 1911 All-Western college football team

References

All-America Team
College Football All-America Teams


The Razzie Award for Worst New Star is an award presented at the annual Golden Raspberry Awards to the worst new actor or actress of the previous year.

History
From 1982 to 1989 and again from 1991 to 1999. The category has since been discontinued until 2024. In 2024 it will return.

Awards and nominations

1982–1989

1991–1999

See also
Golden Globe Award for New Star of the Year – Actress
Golden Globe Award for New Star of the Year – Actor

References

External links
 Official Razzie website

Golden Raspberry Awards by category
Awards established in 1982
Awards disestablished in 1999


The College of Dental Medicine is the dental school of the Medical University of South Carolina. It is located in the city of Charleston, South Carolina, United States. It is the only dental school in South Carolina.

History
Medical University of South Carolina College of Dental Medicine is a part of Medical University of South Carolina. The school was established in 1953, and the first graduating class from the College of Dental Medicine received DMD degrees in June 1971. In 2010, the college was officially renamed the James B. Edwards College of Dental Medicine.

Completed in Fall 2009, the James B. Edwards Dental Clinics Building is one of newest and most advanced dental clinic facilities in the nation. Its bold lines and innovative architecture have helped make this building a leading example for many dental schools currently building new clinical facilities. With over 120,000 square feet, all departments and clinics have enough room to grow as needed while continuing to deliver the highest level of dental care.

The Basic Science Building and Dental Clinics Building sit on land that once housed the Charleston Arsenal during the Civil War. The land was later donated to form the Porter Gaud School, which moved to a new campus, thus allowing for the creation of the Medical University of South Carolina at its current location in downtown peninsular Charleston, SC.

Admissions
Admission to the College of Dental Medicine at MUSC is very competitive. There are roughly 900 applications for a class of 70 seats. Roughly 15 of the seats are reserved for out-of-state students, while the remaining 55 seats are reserved for South Carolina residents. For the Class of 2016, the average cumulative undergraduate GPA was a 3.65. The average DAT academic average (AA) was a 19, and a perceptual ability (PAT) score of 20.

MUSC is the most expensive public dental school in the United States for in-state residents. For non-South Carolinians, MUSC is the third most expensive dental school, public or private, in the United States.

Academics
The MUSC College of Dental Medicine is one of the premier clinical schools in the country, with classes reported to score well above the national average on the NBDE Parts I and II, leading to very high match rates for dental specialty residency programs. MUSC has a very strong clinical reputation, with recent NBDE Part II scores ranking as high as 5th best among all dental schools in the country. As of January 2012, both parts of the NBDE will be rated on a pass/fail basis, eliminating the numerical score.

Medical University of South Carolina College of Dental Medicine awards following degrees:
Doctor of Dental Medicine

Departments
Medical University of South Carolina College of Dental Medicine includes the following departments:
Department of Craniofacial Biology
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Department of Oral Rehabilitation
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics
Department of Stomatology

Accreditation
Medical University of South Carolina College of Dental Medicine is currently accredited by ADA.

Other
The Colbert Library at MUSC is named after the father of Stephen Colbert, a Charleston native, and host of the Colbert Report.

See also

American Student Dental Association

References

Dental schools in South Carolina
Medical University of South Carolina