Bioceramics and bioglasses are ceramic materials that are biocompatible. Bioceramics are an important subset of biomaterials. Bioceramics range in biocompatibility from the ceramic oxides, which are inert in the body, to the other extreme of resorbable materials, which are eventually replaced by the body after they have assisted repair. Bioceramics are used in many types of medical procedures. Bioceramics are typically used as rigid materials in surgical implants, though some bioceramics are flexible. The ceramic materials used are not the same as porcelain type ceramic materials. Rather, bioceramics are closely related to either the body's own materials or are extremely durable metal oxides.

History
Prior to 1925, the materials used in implant surgery were primarily relatively pure metals. The success of these materials was surprising considering the relatively primitive surgical techniques. The 1930s marked the beginning of the era of better surgical techniques as well as the first use of alloys such as vitallium.

In 1969, L. L. Hench and others discovered that various kinds of glasses and ceramics could bond to living bone. Hench was inspired by the idea on his way to a conference on materials. He was seated next to a colonel who had just returned from the Vietnam War. The colonel shared that after an injury the bodies of soldiers would often reject the implant. Hench was intrigued and began to investigate materials that would be biocompatible. The final product was a new material which he called bioglass. This work inspired a new field called bioceramics. With the discovery of bioglass, interest in bioceramics grew rapidly.

On April 26, 1988, the first international symposium on bioceramics was held in Kyoto, Japan.

Applications

Ceramics are now commonly used in the medical fields as dental and bone implants. Surgical cermets are used regularly. Joint replacements are commonly coated with bioceramic materials to reduce wear and inflammatory response. Other examples of medical uses for bioceramics are in pacemakers, kidney dialysis machines, and respirators.

Mechanical properties and composition
Bioceramics are meant to be used in extracorporeal circulation systems (dialysis for example) or engineered bioreactors; however, they're most common as implants. Ceramics show numerous applications as biomaterials due to their physico-chemical properties. They have the advantage of being inert in the human body, and their hardness and resistance to abrasion makes them useful for bones and teeth replacement. Some ceramics also have excellent resistance to friction, making them useful as replacement materials for malfunctioning joints. Properties such as appearance and electrical insulation are also a concern for specific biomedical applications.

Some bioceramics incorporate alumina (Al2O3) as their lifespan is longer than that of the patient's. The material can be used in middle ear ossicles, ocular prostheses, electrical insulation for pacemakers, catheter orifices and in numerous prototypes of implantable systems such as cardiac pumps.

Aluminosilicates are commonly used in dental prostheses, pure or in ceramic-polymer composites. The ceramic-polymer composites are a potential way to filling of cavities replacing amalgams suspected to have toxic effects. The aluminosilicates also have a glassy structure. Contrary to artificial teeth in resin, the colour of tooth ceramic remains stable Zirconia doped with yttrium oxide has been proposed as a substitute for alumina for osteoarticular prostheses. The main advantages are a greater failure strength, and a good resistance to fatigue.

Vitreous carbon is also used as it is light, resistant to wear, and compatible with blood. It is mostly used in cardiac valve replacement. Diamond can be used for the same application, but in coating form.

Calcium phosphate-based ceramics constitute, at present, the preferred bone substitute material in orthopaedic and maxillofacial applications, as they are similar to the main mineral phase of bone in structure and chemical composition. Such synthetic bone substitute or scaffold materials are typically porous, which provides an increased surface area that encourages osseointegration, involving cell colonisation and revascularisation. However, such porous materials generally exhibit lower mechanical strength compared to bone, making highly porous implants very delicate. Since the elastic modulus values of ceramic materials are generally higher than that of the surrounding bone tissue, the implant can cause mechanical stresses at the bone interface. Calcium phosphates usually found in bioceramics include hydroxyapatite (HAP) Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2; tricalcium phosphate β (β TCP): Ca3 (PO4)2; and mixtures of HAP and β TCP.

Table 1: Bioceramics Applications

Table 2: Mechanical Properties of Ceramic Biomaterials

Multipurpose
A number of implanted ceramics have not actually been designed for specific biomedical applications. However, they manage to find their way into different implantable systems because of their properties and their good biocompatibility. Among these ceramics, we can cite silicon carbide, titanium nitrides and carbides, and boron nitride. TiN has been suggested as the friction surface in hip prostheses. While cell culture tests show a good biocompatibility, the analysis of implants shows significant wear, related to a delaminating of the TiN layer. Silicon carbide is another modern-day ceramic which seems to provide good biocompatibility and can be used in bone implants.

Specific use
In addition to being used for their traditional properties, bioactive ceramics have seen specific use for due to their biological activity. Calcium phosphates, oxides, and hydroxides are common examples. Other natural materials — generally of animal origin — such as bioglass and other composites feature a combination of mineral-organic composite materials such as HAP, alumina, or titanium dioxide with the biocompatible polymers (polymethylmethacrylate): PMMA, poly(L-lactic) acid: PLLA, poly(ethylene). Composites can be differentiated as bioresorbable or non-bioresorbable, with the latter being the result of the combination of a bioresorbable calcium phosphate (HAP) with a non-bioresorbable polymer (PMMA, PE). These materials may become more widespread in the future, on account of the many combination possibilities and their aptitude at combining a biological activity with mechanical properties similar to those of the bone.

Biocompatibility
Bioceramics' properties of being anticorrosive, biocompatible, and aesthetic make them quite suitable for medical usage. Zirconia ceramic has bioinertness and noncytotoxicity. Carbon is another alternative with similar mechanical properties to bone, and it also features blood compatibility, no tissue reaction, and non-toxicity to cells. Bioinert ceramics do not exhibit bonding with the bone, known as osseointegration. However, bioactivity of bioinert ceramics can be achieved by forming composites with bioactive ceramics. Bioactive ceramics, including bioglasses must be non-toxic, and form a bond with bone. In bone repair applications, i.e. scaffolds for bone regeneration, the solubility of bioceramics is an important parameter, and the slow dissolution rate of most bioceramics relative to bone growth rates remains a challenge in their remedial usage. Unsurprisingly, much focus is placed on improving dissolution characteristics of bioceramics while maintaining or improving their mechanical properties. Glass ceramics elicit osteoinductive properties, with higher dissolution rates relative to crystalline materials, while crystalline calcium phosphate ceramics also exhibit non-toxicity to tissues and bioresorption. The ceramic particulate reinforcement has led to the choice of more materials for implant applications that include ceramic/ceramic, ceramic/polymer, and ceramic/metal composites. Among these composites ceramic/polymer composites have been found to release toxic elements into the surrounding tissues. Metals face corrosion related problems, and ceramic coatings on metallic implants degrade over time during lengthy applications. Ceramic/ceramic composites enjoy superiority due to similarity to bone minerals, exhibiting biocompatibility and a readiness to be shaped. The biological activity of bioceramics has to be considered under various in vitro and in vivo studies. Performance needs must be considered in accordance with the particular site of implantation.

Processing
Technically, ceramics are composed of raw materials such as powders and natural or synthetic chemical additives, favouring either compaction (hot, cold or isostatic), setting (hydraulic or chemical), or accelerating sintering processes. According to the formulation and shaping process used, bioceramics can vary in density and porosity as cements, ceramic depositions, or ceramic composites. Porosity is often desired in bioceramics including bioglasses. Towards improving the performance of transplanted porous bioceramics, numerous processing techniques are available for the control of porosity,  pore size distribution and pore alignment. For crystalline materials, grain size and crystalline defects provide further pathways to enhance biodegradation and osseointegration, which are key for effective bone graft and bone transplant materials. This can be achieved by the inclusion of grain refining dopants and by imparting defects in the crystalline structure through various physical means.

A developing material processing technique based on the biomimetic processes aims to imitate natural and biological processes and offer the possibility of making bioceramics at ambient temperature rather than through conventional or hydrothermal processes [GRO 96]. The prospect of using these relatively low processing temperatures opens up possibilities for mineral organic combinations with improved biological properties through the addition of proteins and biologically active molecules (growth factors, antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, etc.). However, these materials have poor mechanical properties which can be improved, partially, by combining them with bonding proteins.

Commercial usage
Common bioactive materials available commercially for clinical use include 45S5 bioactive glass, A/W bioactive glass ceramic, dense synthetic HA, and bioactive composites such as a polyethylene–HA mixture. All these materials form an interfacial bond with adjacent tissue.

High-purity alumina bioceramics are currently commercially available from various producers. U.K. manufacturer Morgan Advanced Ceramics (MAC) began manufacturing orthopaedic devices in 1985 and quickly became a recognised supplier of ceramic femoral heads for hip replacements. MAC Bioceramics has the longest clinical history for alumina ceramic materials, manufacturing HIP Vitox® alumina since 1985. Some calcium-deficient phosphates with an apatite structure were thus commercialised as "tricalcium phosphate" even though they did not exhibit the expected crystalline structure of tricalcium phosphate.

Currently, numerous commercial products described as HA are available in various physical forms (e.g. granules, specially designed blocks for specific applications). HA/polymer composite (HA/polyethyelene, HAPEXTM) is also commercially available for ear implants, abrasives, and plasma-sprayed coating for orthopedic and dental implants.

Bioceramics are also been used in cannabis or delta 8 devices as wicks for the vaporization of such extracts.

Future trends
Bioceramics have been proposed as a possible treatment for cancer. Two methods of treatment have been proposed: hyperthermia and radiotherapy. Hyperthermia treatment involves implanting a bioceramic material that contains a ferrite or other magnetic material. The area is then exposed to an alternating magnetic field, which causes the implant and surrounding area to heat up. Alternatively, the bioceramic materials can be doped with β-emitting materials and implanted into the cancerous area.

Other trends include engineering bioceramics for specific tasks. Ongoing research involves the chemistry, composition, and micro- and nanostructures of the materials to improve their biocompatibility.

See also
Ceramic-impregnated fabrics

References

Biomaterials
Biomedical engineering
Ceramic engineering
Materials science
Implants (medicine)
Inorganic chemistry
Oral and maxillofacial surgery
Oral surgery
Physical chemistry
Prosthetics
Restorative dentistry


The 1992 United States Senate election in Ohio was held on November 3, 1992. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator John Glenn defeated Republican Lieutenant Governor Mike DeWine to win re-election to a fourth term, coinciding with the presidential election.

Glenn's voting percentage of 51% represented the worst performance of his four runs for the Senate, partly due to the presence of third-party candidate Martha Grevatt of the far-left Workers World Party. DeWine would later be elected to Ohio's other Senate seat in 1994 and served with Glenn until the latter's retirement in 1999.

, this was the last time the Democrats won the Class 3 Senate seat from Ohio.

General election

Candidates
 Mike DeWine, Lieutenant Governor of Ohio (Republican)
 John Glenn, incumbent U.S. Senator (Democratic)
 Martha Grevatt, activist and labor unionist (Workers' World)

Campaign
DeWine's campaign focused on the need for change and to introduce term limits for senators. If Glenn were to win, it would be his fourth consecutive term as senator, a feat that no Ohio senator had done before. DeWine was also critical of Glenn's campaign debts, mainly from Glenn's 1984 presidential campaign. His campaign used a bunny dressed as an astronaut beating a drum, with an announcer saying, "He just keeps owing and owing and owing", a play on the Energizer Bunny.

Glenn's campaign noted DeWine's anti-abortion leanings, and that he flip-flopped on his opposition of term limits. Glenn also said that DeWine was a career politician and was just looking for another job in politics. The extremely negative campaign caused a substantial number of voters to become disillusioned with both major-party candidates, leading to a large number of protest votes going to Martha Grevatt, nominee of the Marxist-Leninist Workers World Party, who was listed on the ballot as an independent.

Results

See also
 1992 United States Senate elections

References

John Glenn
United States Senate
Ohio
1992


Television news ratings in Australia are collected by three main organisations: OzTAM in metropolitan areas, Regional TAM in regional areas serviced by three commercial television networks, and in areas with two commercial networks, Nielsen Media Research Australia. Ratings are collected for 40 weeks during the year, excluding a two-week break during Easter and ten weeks over summer. The majority of locally produced news and public affairs top the rating charts week after week.

History
Throughout the early to mid 1980s, Ten Eyewitness News, Network Ten's newscast was the leader in news in the markets of Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane and Adelaide, mainly because it was the only news service in Australia at the time that was broadcast at 6.00pm, as all the other network's aired their newscast at 6.30pm or 7.00pm, and also because their news service went for one whole hour (a format which remains in use as of today). In descending order, National Nine News, Seven National News, ABC News and World News Tonight, all lagged behind Ten.

Falling viewers numbers in the mid-1980s, particularly across the eastern seaboard, led the Seven Network to relaunch both its programming and its news service, which was renamed Seven Nightly News, as part of the network's growing alignment (in terms of branding) with the US network NBC – taking on both the name and well-known theme music (The Mission, composed by John Williams) of NBC's flagship news program, NBC Nightly News. During the worst period of low ratings, Seven Nightly News was forced to move their news to 6.30 pm because National Nine News was too strong in the ratings. Shortly after the 1991 creation of the Seven Network as a company, a national populist current affairs program Real Life was launched, presented by former ABC reporter Stan Grant. It replaced Derryn Hinch's current affair program called Hinch which aired between 1987 and 1991 until moved to Network Ten for another 2 years. Real Life continued until 1995, when it was replaced by state-based editions of the current program Today Tonight.

In 1987, National Nine News began over-taking Ten Eyewitness News in the ratings. By 1988, they had taken the lead and was enjoying ratings success nationally. The Nine Network, re-launched A Current Affair in early 1988 with former Ten Eyewitness News anchor Jana Wendt. ACA enjoyed ratings success under Wendt topping the 1991 Australian TV Ratings. Jana left in late 1991 and was replaced by Ray Martin. In 1992 Nine started the longtime slogan "Who's Who of News", using it right up until 2004. They continued to dominate until 2005.

Seven, meanwhile, started to turn their fortunes around in 2003. They picked up Nine's long-time chief of news and current affairs Peter Meakin and former Nine anchor and Today newsreader Ian Ross to anchor the Sydney bulletin. By 2007, Seven News became the top news service around the nation and in every capital city in Australia; in Brisbane, the recruitment of another former Today newsreader Sharyn Ghidella, who replaced Tracey Challenor on the weekend news, and former Nine News Queensland weather presenter John Schluter saw them overtake the market-leading Nine bulletin for the first time in two decades. Beforehand, Seven News only dominated in Perth, in fact Seven News Perth has been the top rating bulletin in that market since the early 1990s.

Since 2011, however, Seven started to slowly lose its nationwide dominance, partly attributed to the retirement of Ian Ross as anchor of the Sydney bulletin at the end of 2009, and declining ratings for the lead-in game show Deal or No Deal. Nine reclaimed its dominance in the Sydney market in 2011, followed by Melbourne in 2012, and then Brisbane (narrowly, by 21 weeks to Seven's 19) and nationally in 2013. Their dominance continued into 2015, when they also started to claim regular weeknight victories in Adelaide, where Seven had dominated for a long period. Seven, however, hit back in 2016, thanks to a new lead-in game show titled The Chase Australia, which helped to lift its news audience numbers on the east coast, where Nine continues to remain dominant.

Organisations
There are three main organisations: OzTAM in metropolitan areas, Regional TAM in regional areas serviced by three commercial television networks, and in areas with two commercial networks, Nielsen Media Research Australia, that measure television news ratings in Australia.

OzTAM
OzTAM is an Australian television ratings research firm that collects and markets news rating data. It is jointly owned by the Seven Network, the Nine Network and Network Ten, and is the official source of television news ratings data for all metropolitan television in Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Brisbane and Perth as well as subscription services (such as Sky News Australia) on a national basis.

Regional TAM
Regional TAM is a research firm that provides the television news ratings for regional television markets with three commercial television operators.

Nielsen Media Research Australia
Nielsen Media Research Australia is an American-based firm that measures the audiences for areas that remain un-aggregated, and of which are today known as diary markets. Nielsen Media Research began as a division of ACNielsen, a marketing research firm. In 1996, Nielsen Media Research was split off into an independent company, and in 1999 was purchased by the Dutch conglomerate VNU. In 2001, VNU also purchased ACNielsen, thereby bringing both companies under the same corporate umbrella.

See also

 Television in Australia
 Television Ratings
 OzTAM
 Nielsen Media Research Australia

References

External links
Tribal Mind

Television news in Australia
Market research
Television terminology


Mabilleana is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuinae


Iain Bonomy, Lord Bonomy,  (born 15 January 1946) is a former Senator of the College of Justice, a judge of the Supreme Courts of Scotland, sitting in the High Court of Justiciary and the Inner House of the Court of Session from 2010 to 2012. From 2004 to 2009, he was a Judge of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.

Early life
Born on 15 January 1946 in Motherwell, Bonomy attended Dalziel High School and the School of Law of the University of Glasgow, graduating LL.B. in 1968. In 2006, he was awarded an honorary LL.D. by the university.

He undertook his apprenticeship as a solicitor at East Kilbride Town Council between 1968 and 1970, before moving into practice with Ballantyne and Copland in Motherwell, rising to become a partner. In 1983, he left to begin devilling, and in 1984 was admitted to the Faculty of Advocates, gaining Queen's Counsel status in 1993. From 1990 to 1996, he served as an Advocate Depute, and in 1996 served as senior counsel to the Dunblane Inquiry.

Judicial career
In 1997, he was appointed a Senator of the College of Justice, a judge of the Court of Session and High Court of Justiciary, Scotland's supreme courts, taking the judicial title, Lord Bonomy. He sat primarily on civil and criminal cases at first instance, although occasionally sat on appellate business. A tabloid newspaper nicknamed him "Judge Dread" when he jailed a heroin-dealer for ten years for failing within twenty-four hours to name his supplier. In 2001, he led a review for the Scottish Executive of the Practices and Procedure of the High Court; the report, Improving Practice – the 2002 Review of the Practices and Procedures of the High Court of Justiciary was published in December 2002.

In 2004, he was appointed to the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), sitting as a judge on many high-profile cases, and presiding over the trial of former Serbian President Milan Milutinović. In August 2008, he was appointed to preside over preparations for the trial of captured former Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadžić. He resigned from the ICTY in 2009 for personal reasons, and was succeeded by Howard Morrison.

He was appointed to the Inner House of the Court of Session on 16 August 2010 and appointed to the Privy Council in October 2010. He retired in 2012. He was appointed as chairman of the Infant Cremation Commission in April 2013, whose report was published in June 2014.

On 6 February 2020 he was appointed as a Judge to the United Nations International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals (IRMCT). The IRMCT is a small, temporary tribunal continuing the work of the ICTY and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda.

References

Living people
1949 births
People from Motherwell
People educated at Dalziel High School
Alumni of the University of Glasgow
Scottish solicitors
Members of the Faculty of Advocates
Scottish King's Counsel
20th-century King's Counsel
Senators of the College of Justice
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia judges
British judges of United Nations courts and tribunals


Macaldenia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae described by Frederic Moore in 1885. It was formerly considered a synonym of Dysgonia.

Species
Macaldenia palumba (Guenée, 1852)
Macaldenia palumbioides Hampson

References

Catocalinae


Macapta is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
Macapta albivitta Hampson, 1910
Macapta carnescens (Schaus, 1906)
Macapta dileuca Hampson, 1910
Macapta grisea (Kohler, 1968)
Macapta holophaea H. Druce, 1908
Macapta lurida (Schaus, 1894)
Macapta lydia E. D. Jones, 1912
Macapta marginata (Schaus, 1904)
Macapta mursa (Schaus, 1894)
Macapta niveigutta (Schaus, 1904)
Macapta obliqua E. D. Jones, 1915
Macapta psectrocera Hampson, 1910
Macapta rubrescens Hampson, 1910

References

Hadeninae


Macdunnoughia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
Subgenus Macdunnoughia
 Macdunnoughia confusa – Dewick's Plusia Stephens, 1850
 Macdunnoughia crassisigna Warren, 1913
 Macdunnoughia hybrida Ronkay, 1986
Subgenus Puriplusia Chou & Lu, 1974
 Macdunnoughia purissima Butler, 1878
 Macdunnoughia tetragona Walker, [1858]

References
 Macdunnoughia at funet.fi
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Plusiini


Macella is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1859.

Macella is the plural of macellum, a market of ancient Rome.

Species
Macella euritiusalis Walker, 1858
Macella flavithorax Gaede, 1940
Macella sexmaculata Holland, 1894
Macella sideris Holland, 1894

References

Calpinae


Macellopis is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1926.

Species
Macellopis plantei Laporte, 1974 Cameroon, Central African Republic
Macellopis ustata Hampson, 1926 southern Nigeria

References

Calpinae


Machaeropalpus is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Machaeropalpus fasciatus, is found in Samoa. Both the genus and species were first described by Tams in 1935.

References

Herminiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Macrochilo is a genus of litter moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Jacob Hübner in 1825.

Species
 Macrochilo absorptalis Walker, 1859 – slant-lined owlet moth
 Macrochilo andaca (H. Druce, 1891)
 Macrochilo bivittata Grote, 1877 – two-striped owlet moth
 Macrochilo cribrumalis Hübner, 1793 – dotted fan-foot
 Macrochilo hypocritalis Ferguson, 1982 – twin-dotted macrochilo moth
 Macrochilo iteinalis (Viette, 1956)
 Macrochilo larymna (H. Druce, 1891)
 Macrochilo litophora Grote, 1873 – brown-lined owlet moth
 Macrochilo louisiana Forbes, 1922 – Louisiana macrochilo moth
 Macrochilo orciferalis Walker, 1859 – bronzy macrochilo moth
 Macrochilo santerivalis Ferguson, 1982

References

Herminiinae
Moth genera


Macrodes is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Achille Guenée in 1854.

Species
Macrodes columbalis Guenée, 1854
Macrodes cynara Cramer, 1775

References

Calpinae


Macronoctua is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Macronoctua onusta Grote, 1874 (also known as the Iris borer moth)

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Macronoctua at funet

Apameini


Madathisanotia is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae erected by Pierre Viette in 1970. Its only species, Madathisanotia madagascariensis, was first described by Walter Rothschild in 1924. It is known from northern Madagascar.

References

External links
Images on Flickr

Amphipyrinae
Moths of Madagascar
Monotypic moth genera


Madecathymia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Madegalatha is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was described by Viette in 1965.

Species
 Madegalatha malagassica (Hampson, 1909)
 Madegalatha occidentis (Viette, 1968)

References

Hadeninae


Madeuplexia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae from Madagascar. The genus was erected by Pierre Viette in 1960.

Taxonomy
Some sources place this name as a synonym of Phlogophora Treitschke, 1825.

Species
Madeuplexia altitudinis Viette, 1960
Madeuplexia camusi Viette, 1967
Madeuplexia pretiosa Viette, 1960
Madeuplexia retorta (Berio, 1956)
Madeuplexia sogai Viette, 1960

References

Acronictinae


Mafana is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was described by Viette in 1979.

Species
Mafana lajonquierei Viette, 1979 Madagascar
Mafana lemairei Viette, 1979 Madagascar

References

Calpinae


Magellana is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Mageochaeta is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Maghadena is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Maguda is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae found among the coast of East Asia and Northern Australia. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1866.

Species
Maguda immundalis Walker, [1866] Borneo
Maguda multifasciata (Swinhoe, 1890) Myanmar
Maguda palpalis (Walker, [1866])
Maguda pilipes Hampson, 1926 Sri Lanka
Maguda suffusa (Walker, 1863) Borneo
Maguda wollastoni (Rothschild, 1915) New Guinea

References

Calpinae
Moth genera


Magusa is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae first described by Francis Walker in 1857.

Description
Similar to Euplexa, differs in third joint of palpi reaching above vertex of head. Dorsal tufts of abdomen are slight. Forewings very long and narrow. Apex rounded with oblique outer margin.

Species
Magusa barbara (Berio, 1940) Eritrea
Magusa divaricata (Grote, 1874)
Magusa erema Hayes, 1975 Galápagos Islands
Magusa orbifera (Walker, 1857) southern Canada - US - Argentina
Magusa versicolora (Saalmüller, 1891) Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Zaire, Malawi, Arabia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Madagascar, Comoros, Reunion
Magusa viettei (Berio, 1955) Yemen, Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa, Madagascar

References

Hadeninae


Maguza is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Maikona is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae erected by Shōnen Matsumura in 1928.

Species
Maikona jezoensis Matsumura, 1928 Japan
Maikona nanlingensis Owada & Wang, 2003 Guangdong
Maikona yazakii Kishida, 1987 Taiwan

References
Matsumura, S. (1928). "A new Agaristid-Moth". Insecta Matsumurana. 2 (3): 126–127.

Agaristinae
Taxa named by Shōnen Matsumura


Malagonia is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1926.

Species
Malagonia acypera (Hampson, 1902) north-east Himalayas
Malagonia sundana Holloway, 2005 Borneo, Sumatra

References

Calpinae


Malatrogia is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Malatrogia castanitis, is found in Meghalaya, India. The genus was described by George Hampson in 1926, while the species had been described by the same author in 1902.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


Maliangia is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Maliangia geometriformis, is found in northern Yunnan province of China. Both the genus and the species were first described by Emilio Berio in 1977.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


Maliattha is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae first described by Francis Walker in 1863.

Description
Palpi upturned, reaching above vertex of head, where the second joint clothed with long hair below, and third joint prominent. Antennae minutely ciliated in male. Thorax roughly scaled but tuftless. Abdomen with strong dorsal tufts, and shorter than the hindwings. Forewings narrow. Hindwings with veins 3 and 4 stalked. Legs naked. Larva with four pairs of abdominal prolegs.

Species

 Maliattha amorpha Butler, 1886
 Maliattha angustitaenia Warren, 1913
 Maliattha arefacta Butler, 1879
 Maliattha baetica Swinhoe, 1890
 Maliattha bella Staudinger, 1888
 Maliattha bicolor Viette, 1982
 Maliattha bilineata Hampson, 1898
 Maliattha blandula (Guenée, 1862)
 Maliattha chionozona Hampson, 1910
 Maliattha commersoni Viette, 1965
 Maliattha concinnimacula Guenée, 1852
 Maliattha curvilinea Warren, 1913
 Maliattha dubiefi Viette, 1982
 Maliattha erecta Moore, 1881
 Maliattha euryzona Hampson, 1910
 Maliattha ferrugina Turner, 1908
 Maliattha fervens Hampson, 1907
 Maliattha fuliginosa Warren, 1913
 Maliattha fuscimima Warren, 1913
 Maliattha guttifera Warren, 1913
 Maliattha inconcisa Butler, 1882
 Maliattha inconcisoides Holloway, 1979
 Maliattha khasanica Zolotarenko & Dubatolov, 1995
 Maliattha lacteata Warren, 1913
 Maliattha latifasciata Hampson, 1898
 Maliattha lativitta Moore, 1881
 Maliattha lemur Viette, 1965
 Maliattha mabnora Viette, 1982
 Maliattha marginalis Walker, [1863]
 Maliattha melaleuca Hampson, 1910
 Maliattha melanesiensis Robinson, 1975
 Maliattha ocellata Saalmüller, 1891
 Maliattha opposita Saalmüller, 1891
 Maliattha perrieri Viette, 1965
 Maliattha phaeozona Hampson, 1910
 Maliattha picata Butler, 1889
 Maliattha plumbata Butler, 1889
 Maliattha plumbitincta Hampson, 1902
 Maliattha pratti Viette, 1965
 Maliattha quadripartita Walker, 1865
 Maliattha rectilinea Viette, 1982
 Maliattha renalis Moore, 1882
 Maliattha ritsemae Snellen, 1880
 Maliattha rosacea Leech, 1889
 Maliattha ruptifascia Hampson, 1891
 Maliattha separata Walker, 1863
 Maliattha sexpartita Warren, 1913
 Maliattha signifera Walker, [1858]
 Maliattha sogai Viette, 1965
 Maliattha subcrocea Berio, 1960
 Maliattha subterminalis Warren, 1913
 Maliattha synochitis Grote & Robinson, 1868
 Maliattha tegulata Butler, 1889
 Maliattha toulgoeti Viette, 1965
 Maliattha tsaratanana Viette, 1965
 Maliattha umbrina Hampson, 1891
 Maliattha vialis Moore, 1882

References

Eustrotiinae


Mamerthes is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Herminiinae


Mamestra is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae described by Ochsenheimer in 1816. Perhaps the best known species is the cabbage moth, M. brassicae.

Species
 Mamestra brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Mamestra configurata Walker, 1856
 Mamestra curialis (Smith, 1888)
 Mamestra repentina Morrison, 1875
 Mamestra tayulingensis Yoshimoto, 1989

References

Hadenini


Mammifrontia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae erected by William Barnes and Arthur Ward Lindsey in 1922.

Species
 Mammifrontia leucania Barnes & Benjamin, 1922
 Mammifrontia rileyi Benjamin, 1936
 Mammifrontia sarae Mustelin, 2006

References

Hadeninae


Manbuta is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1865.

Species
Manbuta calgia (Schaus, 1901) Brazil (Paraná)
Manbuta devia Walker, 1865 Brazil (Amazonas)
Manbuta endocharagma Hampson, 1926 Peru
Manbuta melanesia Hampson, 1926 Peru
Manbuta nephelica Hampson, 1926 Peru
Manbuta nephrosema Hampson, 1926 Peru
Manbuta niphosema Hampson, 1926 Peru
Manbuta ochrosema Hampson, 1926 Paraguay
Manbuta ocresia (Schaus, 1914) French Guiana
Manbuta orthogramma Hampson, 1926 Peru
Manbuta pyraliformis (Walker, 1858) Florida, Antilles
Manbuta rhomboidalis Hampson, 1926 Peru

References

Eulepidotinae
Moth genera


Manga is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae described by J. Bowden in 1956.

Species
 Manga basilinea Bowden, 1956
 Manga belophora D. S. Fletcher, 1961
 Manga bisignata Laporte, 1973
 Manga melanodonta (Hampson, 1910)

References

Hadeninae


Manoblemma is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Manoblemma cryptica, is found in Japan. Both the genus and species were first described by Yoshimoto in 1999.

References

Acontiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Manruta is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. It was first described by Smith in 1903 and is part of the Manruta Family, with no subspecies.

Species
 Manruta elingua Smith, 1903

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Manruta at funet
Species Eucoptocnemis elingua

Noctuinae


Marapana is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Frederic Moore in 1885.

Species
Marapana angulata Bethune-Baker, 1908 New Guinea
Marapana indistincta Rothschild, 1915 New Guinea
Marapana pulverata (Guenée, 1852) India, Sri Lanka, Java, New Guinea

References

Calpinae
Moth genera


Maraschia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Maraschia grisescens Osthelder, 1933

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Maraschia at funet

Hadeninae


Marathyssa is a genus of moths of the family Euteliidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1865.

Species
Marathyssa albidisca (Hampson, 1905) South Africa, Zimbabwe
Marathyssa angustipennis (Schaus, 1906) Brazil (São Paulo)
Marathyssa basalis Walker, 1865 New York, Massachusetts
Marathyssa chacoensis Barbut & Lalanne-Cassou, 2011 Bolivia
Marathyssa cistellarix (Wallengren, 1860) South Africa
Marathyssa cuneades Draudt, 1950
Marathyssa cuneata (Saalmüller, 1891) Sierra Leone, Mauritania, Burkina Faso, the Gambia, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Zaire, Sudan, Saudi Arabia, Eritrea, Uganda, Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Namibia, Madagascar
Marathyssa harmonica (Hampson, 1898) Sikkim, southern India
Marathyssa inficita (Walker, 1865) New York to Texas
Marathyssa minus Dyar, 1921 Texas, Arizona

References

Euteliinae


Marca is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Max Saalmüller in 1891.

Species
Marca arcuata (Bethune-Baker, 1911)
Marca griseonigralis Viette, 1954
Marca proclinata Saalmüller, 1891
Marca tristalis Viette, 1956
Marca univocalis Viette, 1956

References

Saalmüller, M. & von Heyden, L. (1891). "Lepidopteren von Madagascar. Zweite Abtheilung. Heterocera: Noctuae, Geometrae, Microlepidoptera": 247–531, pls. 7–14.

Calpinae
Moth genera
Taxa named by Max Saalmüller


Marcillada is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1865.

Species
Marcillada endopolia Hampson, 1926 Borneo, Sumatra, Java
Marcillada rubricosa Walker, 1865 Cambodia

References

Calpinae


Marcipa is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Anobinae
Noctuoidea genera


Marcipalina is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Jean Pelletier in 1978.

Species
Marcipalina albescens (Pelletier, 1975) Ivory Coast
Marcipalina berioi (Pelletier, 1975) Zaire
Marcipalina clenchi (Pelletier, 1975) Cameroon
Marcipalina confluens (Hampson, 1926) Ghana, Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Guinea
Marcipalina conjuncta (Gaede, 1939) Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Zaire, Uganda
Marcipalina detersa (Holland, 1894) Gabon
Marcipalina grisescens Pelletier, 1978 Uganda
Marcipalina hayesi (Pelletier, 1975) Gabon, Zaire, Uganda
Marcipalina laportei (Pelletier, 1975) Gabon, Cameroon, Zaire
Marcipalina lineata Pelletier, 1978 Cameroon
Marcipalina lutea Pelletier, 1978 Gabon, Cameroon, Zaire
Marcipalina melanoconia (Hampson, 1926) Ghana, Cameroon, Central African Republic
Marcipalina minima Pelletier, 1978 Zair, Central African Republic, Uganda
Marcipalina modesta Pelletier, 1979 Cameroon, Gabon
Marcipalina obscura Pelletier, 1978 Uganda
Marcipalina pustulata (Holland, 1894) Ivory Coast, Gabon, Guinea, Zaire, Rwanda
Marcipalina rubra Pelletier, 1978 Uganda
Marcipalina ruptisignoides Pelletier, 1978 Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Gabon, Guinea, Central African Republic, Zaire, Congo, Uganda
Marcipalina submarginalis (Gaede, 1939) Zaire
Marcipalina tanzaniensis (Pelletier, 1975) Tanzania
Marcipalina triangulifera (Holland, 1894) Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon
Marcipalina umbrosa (Holland, 1894) Ivory Coast, Gabon, Zaire, Uganda
Marcipalina violacea (Pelletier, 1974) Gabon, Cameroon

References

External links

Calpinae


Marcipopsis is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Emilio Berio in 1966. All the species are found on Madagascar.

Species

References

External links

Calpinae


Mareura is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Mareura aurilinea, is found in the Brazilian state of Amazonas. Both the genus and species were first described by Francis Walker in 1865.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


The Dusky Grizzled Skipper (Pyrgus cacaliae) is a species of skipper butterfly (family Hesperiidae).

Description
Pyrgus cacaliae is comparatively large and the white spots on the upper side of the forewing are greatly reduced. The hind wing underside has a faded olive-green color with a long and a short point on the inner edge (similar to an exclamation mark). This feature also shows Pyrgus andromedae, but in Pyrgus cacaliae it does not stand out so clearly from the subsurface. Also the Alpine grizzled skipper is usually encountered at lower altitudes. It can also be distinguished by the smaller, fainter pale markings on the forewing and the less bold markings on the underwing. In cases of doubt, a genital examination is essential for a reliable determination. Both sexes have the same markings, but the males are slightly darker in color.

The caterpillar is usually dark in color with a darker topline. In ex ovo breeding, clay-yellow colored caterpillars were often observed in the last two stages. The head shield is black. The head and wing sheaths of the pupa are bluish with frosting; in the case of the abdomen, which is brown in its basic color, only the segment boundaries are left out. The ventral side has a distinctive drawing, consisting of a black central bar and each side of which consists of two black dots. The back side also shows black dots and lines. The dorsal cremaster is red-brown in color.

Range
The species is widespread in the Central Pyrenees and from the western to the eastern Alps (from France to Italy, Switzerland, Germany and Austria). In addition, Pyrgus cacaliae occurs in the Balkans in the Dinaric Mountains of Bosnia-Herzegovina, in the Central Carpathians of Romania and in the Rila, Pirin and Stara Planina Mountains of Bulgaria.

Habitat
On the one hand, Pyrgus cacaliae colonizes humid habitats such as rye bushes along streams, peatlands and springs. On the other hand, there is evidence from dry alpine lawns, mostly interlocking with rock debris. In the Alps, the maximum distribution is between 1700 and 2500 meters above sea level. In Bavaria this species is recorded at altitudes of 1500-2300 m.

Ecology
The flight period in the Bavarian Alpine region extends from the end of June to the beginning of August. Pyrgus cacaliae can be detected in both even and odd years.

According to observations from Switzerland and Austria, the eggs are laid individually on the underside of the leaves of the host plants: Potentilla erecta, Potentilla crantzii and Potentilla aurea. The wintering was observed in Switzerland as a caterpillar in the penultimate stage. Other observations show that after an egg rest of eleven days, the caterpillars hatch, only eat plants for a few days and then prepare for wintering. Observations from the Rätikon and Silvretta areas in Austria show a two-year development cycle with the first wintering in the first larval stage and a second wintering in the last larval or pupal stage. Imagos can be found every year due to a partial third hibernation.

Conservation
According to the current state of knowledge, the species is not endangered in the Alps, as the occurrence of Pyrgus cacaliae is mostly outside of agricultural areas or on extensively grazed mountain pastures.

Etymology
"Cacalia, in German Roßlattich". "Roßlattich" is now mostly regarded as one of many German names for Tussilago farfara. Originally, Adenostyles alpina [= Cacalia alpina, Tussilago cacalia] was very probably meant here. As with most Pyrgus species, it has nothing to do with the food of the caterpillar.

References

External links
Barcodes of life
European Butterflies
Lepiforum.de

Pyrgus
Butterflies described in 1839
Butterflies of Europe


Margana is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1866.

Butterflies and Moths of the World gives this name as a synonym of Egnasia Walker, 1859.

Species
Margana seclusalis Walker, [1866] Java
Margana tenuilinea (Swinhoe, 1905) Sumatra and possibly Borneo

References

Calpinae


Margasotis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuinae


Margelana is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Margelana brunnea Fibiger, Zahiri & Kononenko, 2007
 Margelana flavidior F. Wagner, 1931
 Margelana flavidior flavidior F. Wagner, 1931
 Margelana flavidior ochrea Brandt, 1941
 Margelana versicolor Staudinger, 1888

References
 Fibiger, M., Zahiri, R. & Kononenko, V.S. (2007). Zootaxa 1503: 13-19.
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Margitesia is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae described by Strand in 1935. Its only species, Margitesia bugaba, was first described by Herbert Druce in 1891. It is found in Panama.

References

Herminiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Margiza is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Margiza purpuraria, is found in Colombia. Both the genus and the species were first described by Paul Dognin in 1914.

References

Herminiinae


Margizoides is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae erected by Robert W. Poole in 1989.

Species
Margizoides terranea (Schaus, 1916) Guiana
Margizoides partitalis (Dyar, 1918) Mexico

References

Herminiinae


Marilopteryx is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Marilopteryx carancahua Blanchard & Franclemont, 1982
 Marilopteryx lamptera (Druce, 1890)
 Marilopteryx lutina (Smith, 1902)

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Marilopteryx at funet

Hadeninae


Marimatha is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1866.

Selected species
Marimatha aurifera (Walker, [1858]) southern US to Brazil, Antilles
Marimatha auruda (Schaus, 1898) Brazil (São Paulo)
Marimatha furcata (Walker, [1858]) Brazil
Marimatha intensifica (Dyar, 1914) Panama
Marimatha nigrofimbria (Guenée, 1852) southern and eastern US
Marimatha obliquata (Herrich-Schäffer, 1868) Cuba
Marimatha piscimala Ferris & Lafontaine, 2010 Texas, Arizona, Mexico, Panama, Costa Rica
Marimatha quadrata Ferris & Lafontaine, 2010 Texas, Arizona, Mexico
Marimatha rufescens (Hampson, 1910) Brazil (Bahia)
Marimatha squala Ferris & Lafontaine, 2010 Arizona to Costa Rica
Marimatha tripuncta (Möschler, 1890) Puerto Rico, southern Florida, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Saint Croix, Virgin Islands, Trinidad

References

Acontiinae


Maronia celadon is the only species in the  monotypic moth genus Maronia of the family Erebidae. It is known from French Guiana. Both the genus and species were first described by Schaus in 1916.

References

Herminiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Maronis is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Maronis rivosa, is found on Madagascar. Both the genus and species were first described by Saalmüller in 1891.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


Marsipiophora is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Oscar John in 1909.

Species
Marsipiophora calopepla Varga & Ronkay, 1991
Marsipiophora christophi (Erschoff, 1874)

References

Calpinae


Marzigetta is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Marzigetta obliqua, is known from Mexico. Both the genus and the species were first described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1918.

References

Herminiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Masalia was a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. It is now considered to be a subgenus of Heliothis.

Selected species
Heliothis albida (Hampson, 1905)
Heliothis philbyi (Brandt, 1941)
Heliothis perstriata (Brandt, 1941)
See: Heliothis

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Heliothis
Insect subgenera


Masca is a monotypic moth genus in the family Erebidae. Its only species, Masca abactalis, is found in Myanmar and from Sundaland to New Guinea. Both the genus and the species were first described by Francis Walker in 1858.

References

Pangraptinae
Noctuoidea genera
Monotypic moth genera


Maschukia is a subgenus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References

External links
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Marojala  is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was described by Viette in 1966. All the species are found on Madagascar.

Species
Marojala anophtalma (Viette, 1966)
Marojala butleri (Viette, 1966)
Marojala signata (Butler, 1880)

References

Calpinae


Masoga is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1863.

Species
Masoga bipunctoides Poole, 1989 Argentina (Tucuman)
Masoga panagralis Walker, 1863 Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)
Masoga peracuta (Dognin, 1914) Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)
Masoga rava (Schaus, 1913) Costa Rica

References

External links

Calpinae


Massaga is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1854.

Species
 Massaga angustifascia Rothschild, 1896
 Massaga hesparia Cramer, [1775]
 Massaga maritona Butler, 1868
 Massaga monteirona Butler, 1874
 Massaga noncoba Kiriakoff, 1974
 Massaga tenuifascia Hampson, 1901
 Massaga virescens Butler, 1874
 Massaga xenia Jordan, 1913

References

Agaristinae
Noctuoidea genera


Massala  is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1865.

Species
Massala abdara (Herrich-Schäffer, [1869]) Venezuela
Massala asema Hampson, 1926 Antilles
Massala carthia Schaus, 1904 southeast Brazil
Massala dimidiata Walker, 1865 Jamaica
Massala dorsilinea (Dyar, 1909) Guyana
Massala ernestina Dognin, 1912 Bolivia
Massala hieroglyphica (Walker, 1867) Colombia
Massala maculifera (Maassen, 1890) Peru
Massala marmona Schaus, 1904 Brazil (São Paulo)
Massala obvertens (Walker, 1858) Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Guatemala

References

Eulepidotinae
Moth genera


Mastigia is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae described by Schaus in 1916. Its only species, Mastigia epitusalis, was first described by Francis Walker in 1859. It is known from Venezuela.

References

Herminiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Mastigophorus is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae described by Poey in 1832.

Description
Male with palpi with first joint upcurved at base, then porrect (extending forward) extremely long and fringed with hair above. Second joint bent back at an acute angle to above vertex of head. Third joint is a flattened process with a tuft of long hair from its base. Antennae with long bristles and cilia. Thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled. Tibia slightly hairy. Forewings with slightly acute apex. Hindwings with vein 5 from near lower angle of cell.

Female with palpi with short first joint and curved or obliquely upturned second joint, which is moderate length. Third joint upturned, long and very slender. American specimens have a sheath to the fore tibia containing a mass of flocculent (wooly) scales.

Species
According to Lepidoptera and Other Life Forms:
Mastigophorus asynetalis Dyar, 1918 found in Mexico
Mastigophorus augustus Schaus, 1916 Cayenne (French Guiana)
Mastigophorus demissalis (Möschler, 1890) Puerto Rico, Colombia, Suriname
Mastigophorus evadnealis Schaus, 1913 Costa Rica
Mastigophorus jamaicalis  Schaus, 1916 Jamaica
Mastigophorus majoralis Schaus, 1916 Mexico
Mastigophorus marima (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874) Brazil
Mastigophorus nomius Schaus, 1916 Cayenne
Mastigophorus parra Poey, 1832 Cuba

References
Citations

Sources

Herminiinae


Mastixis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae described by Schaus in 1913.

Species
Mastixis aeneas Schaus, 1916
Mastixis albilimbata Dognin, 1914
Mastixis angitia (Druce, 1891)
Mastixis anthores (Druce, 1891)
Mastixis aonia (Druce, 1891)
Mastixis apsinthes (Druce, 1891)
Mastixis aspisalis (Walker, 1859)
Mastixis castronalis Schaus, 1916
Mastixis chloe Schaus, 1913
Mastixis comptulalis (Guenee, 1854)
Mastixis dukinfieldi Schaus, 1916
Mastixis galealis (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874)
Mastixis hippocoon Schaus, 1916
Mastixis hyades Dognin, 1914
Mastixis infuscata Dognin, 1914
Mastixis languida Dognin, 1914
Mastixis lineata (Schaus, 1906)
Mastixis lysaniax (Druce, 1891)
Mastixis macedo (Druce, 1891)
Mastixis plumalis (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874)
Mastixis rilmela Dyar, 1927
Mastixis stalemusalis (Walker, 1859)
Mastixis tessellata (Druce, 1891)
Mastixis turrialbensis Schaus, 1913

References

Herminiinae


Mataeomera is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae erected by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1886. It is considered by some sources to be a synonym of Autoba.

Taxonomy
The genus has previously been classified in the subfamily Eustrotiinae of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Mataeomera acrosticha Turner, 1920
 Mataeomera anaemacta Turner, 1920
 Mataeomera biangulata Wileman, 1915
 Mataeomera brevipalpis Turner, 1945
 Mataeomera coccophaga Meyrick, 1887
 Mataeomera dubia Butler, 1886
 Mataeomera duporti de Joannis, 1928
 Mataeomera goniaphora Hampson, 1920
 Mataeomera ligata Lucas, 1895
 Mataeomera melanocephala Wileman & West, 1929
 Mataeomera mesotaenia Turner, 1929
 Mataeomera obliquisigna Hampson, 1894
 Mataeomera porphyris Turner, 1920
 Mataeomera punctilinea Turner, 1945
 Mataeomera renalis Hampson, 1918
 Mataeomera semialba Hampson, 1902
 Mataeomera sumbavensis Hampson, 1910

References

Boletobiinae
Noctuoidea genera


Matarum is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Matigramma is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1872.

Species
Matigramma aderces Franclemont, 1986 Mexico
Matigramma adoceta Franclemont, 1986 Arizona
Matigramma emmilta Franclemont, 1986 Arizona, western Texas
Matigramma inopinata Franclemont, 1986 Texas, Arizona
Matigramma necopina Franclemont, 1986 Mexico
Matigramma obscurior Frnaclemont & Todd, 1983 Texas
Matigramma pulverilinea Grote, 1872 Florida - Texas, southern Kansas, southern Missouri – dusty-lined matigramma moth
Matigramma repentina Franclemont, 1986 Arizona, Mexico
Matigramma rubrosuffusa Grote, 1882 Arizona, Texas, Mexico

Former species
Matigramma metaleuca is now Acritogramma metaleuca (Hampson, 1913)

References

Omopterini
Moth genera


Matopo is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by William Lucas Distant in 1898.

Species
Matopo actinophora Hampson, 1909 Kenya, Tanzania
Matopo berhanoui Laporte, 1984 Ethiopia
Matopo descarpentriesi (Laporte, 1975)
Matopo giacomellii Dognin, 1916 Argentina
Matopo heterochroa Hampson, 1916 Somalia
Matopo inangulata Hampson, 1909 Zimbabwe
Matopo neotropicalis Jones, 1908 Brazil (Paraná)
Matopo oberthueri Viette, 1965 Madagascar
Matopo plurilineata Berio, 1955 Madagascar
Matopo scutulata Janse, 1938 South Africa
Matopo selecta (Walker, 1865) Punjab, Bombay, Senegal, Nigeria, Chad, Sudan, Egypt
Matopo socotrensis Hacker & Saldaitis, 2010 Sokotra
Matopo subarida Viette, 1976 Madagascar
Matopo tamsi Kiriakoff, 1954 Zaire
Matopo typica Distant, 1898 South Africa, Zimbabwe

References

Hadeninae
Noctuoidea genera


Maxera is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae described by Francis Walker in 1865.

Species
Some species of this genus are:
 Maxera arizanensis Wileman 1914
 Maxera atripunctata (Hampson, 1910)
 Maxera bathyscia D. S. Fletcher, 1961
 Maxera brachypecten Hampson, 1926
 Maxera brunneoasperus Griveaud & Viette, 1962
 Maxera digoniata (Hampson, 1902)
 Maxera discosticta Hampson 1897
 Maxera euryptera Hampson, 1926
 Maxera kanshireiensis
 Maxera inclusa (Strand, 1912)
 Maxera laportei (Viette, 1979)
 Maxera lophocera (Hampson, 1910)
 Maxera marchalii (Boisduval, 1833)
 Maxera nigriceps (Walker, 1858)
 Maxera nova (Viette, 1956)
 Maxera oblita Moore 1882
 Maxera pallidula (Butler, 1875)
 Maxera subocellata Walker, 1865
 Maxera zygia (Wallengren, 1863)

References

Walker, 1865. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum (33): 809

Calpinae


Maxia is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae erected by Lucas von Heyden in 1891. Its only species, Maxia decora, was first described by Max Saalmüller in 1891. The species is found on Madagascar.

References

Hypeninae
Monotypic moth genera


Maxilua is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Mazacyla is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1865.

The Global Lepidoptera Names Index considers this name to be a synonym of Mecodinops Hampson, 1926.

Species
Mazacyla fusifera Walker, 1865 Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)
Mazacyla lilacina (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874) Brazil (Amazonas)
Mazacyla relata (Walker, 1858) Suriname, Brazil (Amazonas)
Mazacyla subpicta Schaus, 1911 Costa Rica

References

Calpinae


Mazuca is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae found in Sub-Saharan Africa. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1866.

Species
Mazuca amoena Jordan, 1933 Zaire
Mazuca dulcis Jordan, 1933 Nigeria
Mazuca elegantissima Janse, 1930 southern Africa
Mazuca haemagrapha Hampson, 1910 Ghana
Mazuca roseistriga Fletcher, 1963 Malawi
Mazuca strigicincta Walker, 1866 Nigeria, Cameroons, Malawi – Pikachu moth

References

Hadeninae


Mecistoptera is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae first described by George Hampson in 1893.

Description
Palpi long, obliquely porrect (extending forward), where the second joint thickly clothed with scales. Third joint long and slender. Frontal tuft short. Antennae with long cilia in male, which is short in female. Thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled. Tibia nearly naked. Forewings long and narrow with produced and acute apex. Outer margin oblique and excurved at middle. Veins 8 and 9 anastomosing (fused) to form an areole. Hindwings with veins 3 and 4 from cell and vein 5 from below the middle of discocellulars. The outer margin truncate from vein 4 to anal angle.

Species
 Mecistoptera albisigna Hampson, 1912
 Mecistoptera griseifusa Hampson, 1893
 Mecistoptera lithochroa Lower, 1903

References

Calpinae
Moth genera


Mecodina is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae first described by Achille Guenée in 1852.

Description
Palpi sickle shaped, where the second joint reaching vertex of head. Third joint long and naked. Thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled. Mid and hind tibia slightly fringed with hair on outer side. Forewing with rectangular apex. Areole usually narrow. Hindwings with vein 5 from close to lower angle of cell.

Species
Mecodina aequilinea Hampson, 1926 Assam
Mecodina africana (Holland, 1894) Gabon
Mecodina agrestis (Swinhoe, 1890) Myanmar
Mecodina albodentata (Swinhoe, 1895) India (Meghalaya)
Mecodina ambigua Leech, 1900 western China
Mecodina analis (Swinhoe, 1890) Myanmar
Mecodina apicia Hampson, 1926 Ghana
Mecodina bisignata (Walker, 1865) Timor, Sulawesi, New Guinea, Australia
Mecodina cataloxia Viette, 1958 Madagascar
Mecodina ceruleosparsa Hampson, 1907 Khasis
Mecodina cineracea (Butler, 1879) Japan
Mecodina costanotata Wileman & West, 1929 Philippines (Luzon)
Mecodina costimacula Leech, 1900 western China
Mecodina cyanodonta Hampson, 1902 Khasis
Mecodina diastriga Hampson, 1926 Java
Mecodina duplicata Leech, 1900 central China
Mecodina externa Leech, 1900 central China
Mecodina fasciata Sugi, 1982 Japan
Mecodina hybrida Prout, 1926 Borneo
Mecodina imperatrix (Holland, 1894) Gabon
Mecodina inconspicua (Wileman & South, 1916) Taiwan
Mecodina karapinensis Strand, 1920 Japan
Mecodina kurosawai Sugi, 1982 Japan
Mecodina lanceola Guenée, 1852 Bangladesh
Mecodina lankesteri Leech, 1900 Sichuan
Mecodina leucosticta Hampson, 1926 Singapore
Mecodina metagrapta Hampson, 1926 Bali
Mecodina mollita (Warren, 1913) Ichang
Mecodina nigripuncta Hampson, 1926 Ghana
Mecodina nubiferalis (Leech, 1889) Japan
Mecodina ochrigraphta Hampson, 1926 southern Nigeria
Mecodina odontophora (Swinhoe, 1895) Meghalaya
Mecodina placida (Moore, 1882) western Bengal
Mecodina praecipua (Walker, 1865) Sri Lanka
Mecodina ruficeps Hampson, 1895 Nagas
Mecodina rufipalpis Hampson, 1926 Angola
Mecodina sichotensis (Kurentzov, 1950) south-eastern Siberia
Mecodina subcostalis (Walker, 1865) northern China
Mecodina subviolacea (Butler, 1881) Japan
Mecodina umbrosa (Hampson, 1893) Sri Lanka
Mecodina variata Robinson, 1969 Fiji

References

Calpinae
Moth genera


Mecodinops is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1926.

Species
Mecodinops anceps (Mabille, 1879)
Mecodinops relata Walker, 1858
Mecodinops subpicta Schaus, 1911

References

Calpinae


Mecodopsis is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Mecodopsis conisema, is found in Ghana and Nigeria. Both the genus and the species were first described by George Hampson in 1926.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


The 2009 Italian Open (also known for 2009 Rome Masters and its sponsored title 2009 Internazionali BNL d'Italia) was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 66th edition, and was part of the ATP World Tour Masters 1000 of the 2009 ATP World Tour, and of the Premier-level tournaments of the 2009 WTA Tour. Both the men's and the women's events took place at the Foro Italico in Rome, Italy, with the men playing from April 25 through May 4, 2009, and the women from May 3 through May 9, 2009.

Finals

Men's singles

 Rafael Nadal defeated  Novak Djokovic 7–6(7–2), 6–2
It was Nadal's 5th singles title of the year, and his 36th singles title overall. It was his 4th win at the event, also winning in 2005, 2006, and 2007.

Women's singles

 Dinara Safina defeated  Svetlana Kuznetsova, 6–3, 6–2
It was Safina's first title of the year and 10th of her career.

Men's doubles

 Daniel Nestor /  Nenad Zimonjić defeated  Bob Bryan  /   Mike Bryan, 7–6(7–5), 6–3

Women's doubles

 Hsieh Su-wei /  Peng Shuai defeated  Daniela Hantuchová /  Ai Sugiyama, 7–5, 7–6(7–5)

ATP entrants

Seeds

Seedings based on the April 20, 2009 rankings.

Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the main draw:
  Flavio Cipolla
  Potito Starace
  Fabio Fognini
  Filippo Volandri

The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
  Mikhail Youzhny
  Juan Mónaco
  Daniel Gimeno Traver
  Jan Hernych
  Victor Crivoi
  Thomaz Bellucci
  Mischa Zverev

WTA entrants

Seeds

Seedings based on the April 27, 2009 rankings.

Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the main draw:
  Roberta Vinci
  Karin Knapp
  Tathiana Garbin

The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
  Ayumi Morita
  Vania King
  Jill Craybas
  Mariana Duque Marino
  Aravane Rezaï
  Yaroslava Shvedova
  Alberta Brianti
  Mariya Koryttseva

References

External links
Official website

Italian Open
Italian Open
2009 Italian Open (Tennis)


Mecynoptera Schaus, 1913 is a synonym of either of two genera of moths in the family Erebidae and subfamily Calpinae:

Radara Walker, 1862
Cecharismena Möschler, 1890


Medlerana is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
Medlerana bukobaenensis Laporte, 1979  (from Tanzania)
Medlerana nigeriensis Laporte, 1979 (from Nigeria)

References
afromoths
(in French) Laporte, 1979. Descriptions de nouvelles espèces de Noctuelles de l'Afrique (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Spixiana 2(2).105-112 (at: Landesmuseum.at)

Noctuinae


Megacephalomana is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was described by Strand in 1943.

This name and Megacephalon are considered by The Global Lepidoptera Names Index to be a synonyms of Facidia Walker, 1865.

Species
Some species of this genus are:

Megacephalomana divisa (Walker, 1865) Sri Lanka
Megacephalomana laportei Berio, 1974 Zaire
Megacephalomana pilosum (Pagenstecher, 1888) Amboina
Megacephalomana remaudi Laporte, 1972 Congo, Gabon
Megacephalomana rivulosum (Saalmüller, 1880) Madagascar
Megacephalomana saalmuelleri (Viette, 1965) Madagascar
Megacephalomana stygium (Saalmüller, 1881) Madagascar

References

Calpinae


Megachyta was a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1873.

It is considered by The Global Lepidoptera Names Index and Butterflies and Moths of the World to be a synonym of Polypogon. It is considered by Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms to be a synonym of Zanclognatha.

References

Herminiinae


Megaloctena is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was described by Warren in 1913. All the species are found in western China.

Species
Megaloctena alpherakyi (Leech, 1900)
Megaloctena angulata (Leech, 1900)
Megaloctena mandarina (Leech, 1900)
Megaloctena punctilinea (Leech, 1900) also found in Japan
Megaloctena sordida (Leech, 1900)

References

Herminiinae


Megalodes is a genus of bird dropping moths in the family Noctuidae. This genus has a single species, Megalodes eximia.

References

Hadeninae


Megalographa is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Megalographa agualaniata (Dognin, 1912)
 Megalographa biloba (Stephens, 1830)
 Megalographa bonaerensis (Berg, 1882)
 Megalographa culminicola Barbut and Piñas, 2007
 Megalographa monoxyla (Dyar, 1913)
 Megalographa talamanca Lafontaine and Sullivan, 2009

References
 Megalographa at funet.fi
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
 A review of the genus Megalographa Lafontaine and Poole (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Plusiinae) with the description of a new species from Costa Rica

Plusiinae


Megalonycta is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Pierre Viette in 1965.

Species
Megalonycta mediovitta (Rothschild, 1924) Madagascar, Comoros
Megalonycta adelphica (A. E. Prout, 1927) São Tomé
Megalonycta forsteri Laporte, 1979 Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania
Megalonycta kissa Bippus, 2020 from Reunion
Megalonycta inversa (Gaede, 1915) Tanzania
Megalonycta paragrapha (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874) South Africa, Zimbabwe, Tanzania

References

Viette, P. (1965). "Descriptions préliminaires de nouveaux genres et espèces de Noctuidae Amphipyrinae malgaches (Lep.)". Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France. 70: 85–91.

Hadeninae
Moth genera
Taxa named by Pierre Viette


Meganephria is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Meganephria bimaculosa (Linnaeus, 1767)
 Meganephria cinerea (Butler, 1881)
 Meganephria crassa Kobayashi & Owada, 1996
 Meganephria extensa (Butler, 1879)
 Meganephria funesta (Leech, 1889)
 Meganephria kononenkoi Poole, 1989
 Meganephria laxa Kobayashi & Owada, 1996
 Meganephria parki Kononenko & Ronkay, 1998
 Meganephria retinea Gyulai & Ronkay, 1999
 Meganephria splendida Yoshimoto, 1993
 Meganephria tancrei (Graeser, 1888)
 Meganephria weixleri Hreblay & Ronkay, 1997

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Meganephria at funet

Cuculliinae


Meganyctycia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
Meganyctycia forcipata Hreblay & Ronkay, 1998

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Meganyctycia at funet

Xyleninae


Megistoclisma is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae erected by George Hampson in 1913. Its only species, Megistoclisma ribbei, was first described by Pagenstecher in 1886.

References

Catocalinae
Monotypic moth genera


Megonychiana is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Cuculliinae


Meizoglossa is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Meizoglossa bipunctata, was described from "Olilit, Tenimber", which seems to be an old name for a locality in the Tanimbar Islands of Indonesia. Both the genus and species were first described by Gustaaf Hulstaert in 1924.

References

Acontiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Mekrania is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Wilhelm Brandt in 1941.

The Global Lepidoptera Names Index gives this name as a synonym of Megarenia Hampson.

Species
Mekrania obliqualis Wiltshire, 1982 Saudi Arabia
Mekrania punctalis Brandt, 1941 Iran

References

Hypeninae


Melagramma is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Melaleucantha is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Melaleucantha albibasis, is found in China where it was first described from Mount Mian. Both the genus and species were first described by Max Wilhelm Karl Draudt in 1950.

References

Acontiinae


Melamera is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Melamera velutina, is found in Colombia. Both the genus and species were first described by George Hampson in 1910.

References

Acontiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Melanarta is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Melanchra is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Melanchra adjuncta (Boisduval, 1852)
 Melanchra assimilis (Morrison, 1874)
 Melanchra diabolica Plante, 1990
 Melanchra dierli Behounek, 1995
 Melanchra granti Warren, 1905
 Melanchra persicariae (Linnaeus, 1761) – Dot moth
 Melanchra picta (Harris, 1841) – Zebra caterpillar moth
 Melanchra postalba Sugi, 1982
 Melanchra pulverulenta (Smith, 1888)

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Melanchra, funet.fi

Hadenini


Melanchroiopsis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1918.

Species
 Melanchroiopsis acroleuca Dyar, 1918
 Melanchroiopsis mardava Druce, 1897
 Melanchroiopsis noctilux Walker, 1854

References

Agaristinae


Melanephia is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae.

Species
Some species of this genus are:
Melanephia brunneiventris Berio, 1956
Melanephia cinereovariegata Le Cerf, 1922
Melanephia endophaea Hampson, 1926
Melanephia metarhabdota Hampson, 1926
Melanephia nigrescens (Wallengren, 1856)
Melanephia trista (Snellen, 1872)
Melanephia vola Viette, 1971

References

Calpinae
Moth genera


Melanomma auricinctaria, the gold-lined melanomma moth, is the only species in the monotypic genus of moths Melanomma in the family Erebidae. It is found in the United States and Canada. Both the genus and species were first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1875.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera
Moths described in 1875


Melanoplusia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Plusiinae


Melapera is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1908. Both species are known from Madagascar.

Species
Melapera rhodophora (Mabille, 1879)
Melapera roastis Hampson, 1908

References

Calpinae


Melapia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Shigero Sugi in 1968.

Species
Melapia japonica (Ogata, 1961)
Melapia electaria (Bremer, 1864)

References

Catocalinae
Moth genera


Melaporphyria is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Melaporphyria immortua Grote, 1874

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Melaporphyria at funet

Heliothinae


Meliaba is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Meliaba pelopsalis, is known from South Africa, Eswatini, Tanzania and Zimbabwe. Both the genus and the species were first described by Francis Walker in 1859.

References

Calpinae


Melicleptria is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Heliothinae


Melionica is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Melionica albipuncta 	(Gaede, 1916)
 Melionica bertha  (Schaus & Clements, 1893)
 Melionica citrinea 	Berio, 1970
 Melionica fletcheri 	Berio, 1973
 Melionica rubella 	Berio, 1973
 Melionica mulanjensis Hacker & Legrain, 2006
 Melionica pallescens Hacker & Legrain, 2006
 Melionica subrubella Hacker & Legrain, 2006

References
afromoths

Hadeninae
Noctuoidea genera


Melipotis is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae first described by Jacob Hübner in 1818.

Description
Palpi with second joint obliquely upturned and reaching vertex of head, and long porrect third joint. Antennae with short fasciculated cilia in male. Thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled. Mid and hind tibia with medial and terminal tufts of long spinous hairs. Forewings with somewhat quadrate apex.

Species
 Melipotis abrupta (Snellen, 1887)
 Melipotis acontioides (Guenée, 1852)
 Melipotis agrotoides (Walker, 1858)
 Melipotis albiterminalis (Draudt & Gaede, 1944)
 Melipotis asinus Dognin, 1912
 Melipotis brunnearis (Guenée, 1852)
 Melipotis calamioides (Snellen, 1887)
 Melipotis cellaris (Guenée, 1852)
 Melipotis comprehendens (Walker, 1858)
 Melipotis contorta (Guenée, 1852)
 Melipotis decreta (Walker, 1858)
 Melipotis dispar (Kohler, 1979)
 Melipotis euryphaea (Hampson, 1926)
 Melipotis evelina (Butler, 1878)
 Melipotis famelica (Guenée, 1852)
 Melipotis fasciolaris (Hübner, [1831])
 Melipotis fuscifusata (Hampson, 1926)
 Melipotis goniosema (Hampson, 1926)
 Melipotis guanicana Schaus, 1940
 Melipotis gubernata (Walker, 1858)
 Melipotis harrisoni Schaus, 1923
 Melipotis imparallela (Guenée, 1852)
 Melipotis indomita (Walker, 1858)
 Melipotis januaris (Guenée, 1852)
 Melipotis jucunda (Hübner, 1818)
 Melipotis leucomelana (Herrich-Schäffer, 1868)
 Melipotis lucigera (Walker, 1858)
 Melipotis mesoleuca (Walker, 1869)
 Melipotis nigrobasis (Guenée, 1852)
 Melipotis novanda (Guenée, 1852) (=Melipotis agrotipennis (Harvey, 1875))
 Melipotis obliquivia (Hampson, 1926)
 Melipotis ochrodes (Guenée, 1852)
 Melipotis perpendicularis (Guenée, 1852)
 Melipotis prolata (Walker, 1858)
 Melipotis prunescens (Hampson, 1926)
 Melipotis punctifinis (Hampson, 1926)
 Melipotis recipiens (Walker, 1858)
 Melipotis roseata (Draudt & Gaede, 1944)
 Melipotis separata (Walker, 1858)
 Melipotis strigifera (Walker, 1858)
 Melipotis trujillensis Dognin, 1912
 Melipotis tucumanensis Dognin, 1912
 Melipotis walkeri Butler, 1892

Former species
 Melipotis albisigna (Wileman & South, 1920)
 Melipotis amphix (Cramer, [1777])
 Melipotis diascota (Hampson, 1916)
 Melipotis grandidieri (Viette, 1968)
 Melipotis melanoschista (Meyrick, 1897)
 Melipotis metaleuca (Hampson, 1896)
 Melipotis mimica (Gaede, 1939)
 Melipotis phaeocrossa (Turner, 1932)
 Melipotis unilinea (Swinhoe, 1885)
 Melipotis voeltzkowi (Viette, 1965)

References

Melipotini
Moth genera


Mellinia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Cuculliinae


Menada is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuinae


Mendozania is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Cuculliinae


Menecina is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Menecina bifacies, is found in Brazil. Both the genus and the species were first described by Francis Walker in 1858.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


Meneptera is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Meneptera diopis, is found in South Africa. Both the genus and species were first described by George Hampson, the genus in 1910 and the species five years earlier in 1905.

References

Endemic moths of South Africa
Acontiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Mentaxya is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Epizootic and parasitic fungus Batkoa apiculata has been found on moth, Mentaxya muscosa in Africa.

Species
Some species of this genus are:

Mentaxya albifrons 	(Geyer, 1837)
Mentaxya arabica 	Wiltshire, 1980
Mentaxya atritegulata 	(Hampson, 1902)
Mentaxya basilewskyi 	(Berio, 1955)
Mentaxya bergeri 	(Berio, 1955)
Mentaxya bruneli 	Laporte, 1975
Mentaxya camerunensis 	Laporte, 1973
Mentaxya comorana 	Viette, 1960
Mentaxya cumulata 	(Walker, 1865)
Mentaxya dallolmoi 	Berio, 1972
Mentaxya fletcheri 	(Berio, 1955)
Mentaxya fouqueae 	Laporte, 1974
Mentaxya grisea 	Laporte, 1973
Mentaxya ignicollis 	(Walker, 1857)
Mentaxya ikondae 	Berio, 1972
Mentaxya inconstans 	Laporte, 1984
Mentaxya indigna 	(Herrich-Schäffer, 1854
Mentaxya lacteifrons 	Laporte, 1984
Mentaxya leroyi 	(Berio, 1955)
Mentaxya minor 	Berio, 1977
Mentaxya muscosa 	Geyer, 1837
Mentaxya nigromaculata Laporte, 1984
Mentaxya nimba 	Laporte, 1972
Mentaxya palmistarum 	(de Joannis, 1932)
Mentaxya percurvata 	(Berio, 1955)
Mentaxya pujoli 	Laporte, 1973
Mentaxya pyroides 	Berio, 1972
Mentaxya quadrata 	Berio, 1974
Mentaxya reninigra 	Laporte, 1977
Mentaxya rimosa 	(Guenée, 1852)
Mentaxya sandrae 	Laporte, 1974
Mentaxya sexalata 	Viette, 1958
Mentaxya strictirena 	Berio, 1974
Mentaxya suffusalis 	Laporte, 1973
Mentaxya thomasi 	Laporte, 1984
Mentaxya torrianii 	Laporte, 1977
Mentaxya trisellata 	Viette, 1958
Mentaxya trisellatoides 	Laporte, 1973
Mentaxya vuattouxi 	Laporte, 1972

References

Noctuinae


Mepantadrea is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae erected by George Hampson in 1926. Its only species, Mepantadrea simia, was first described by Saalmüller in 1891. It is found on Madagascar.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


Meranda is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1866.

Species
 Meranda gilviceps Turner, 1908
 Meranda holochrysa Meyrick, 1902
 Meranda susialis Walker, 1859

References

Calpinae
Moth genera


Meristides is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Meristis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Merolonche is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1882.

Species
Merolonche australis Mustelin & Leuschner, 2000 California
Merolonche dolli Barnes & McDunnough, 1918 New York
Merolonche lupini (Grote, 1873) California, Colorado, British Columbia
Merolonche spinea (Grote, 1876) California

References

Acronictinae


Meropleon is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Meropleon ambifusca (Newman, 1948)
 Meropleon cinnamicolor Ferguson, 1982
 Meropleon cosmion Dyar, 1924
 Meropleon diversicolor (Morrison, 1875)
 Meropleon linae Metlevski, 2005
 Meropleon titan Todd, 1958

References
 Metlevski, J. (2005). "Contribution to the taxonomy and faunistics of the Genus Meropleon Dyar (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)." Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 107(4): 812-819.
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
 Meropleon at funet

Hadeninae
Moth genera


Mervia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Mervia kuznetzovi Daricheva, 1961

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Mervia at funet

Cuculliinae


Mesaegle is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Mesaegle gouzzakouli, is found in Algeria. Both the genus and species were first described by Constantin Dumont in 1922.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


Mesapamea is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Mesapamea arbora (Barnes & McDunnough, 1912) (syn: Mesapamea mactatoides (Barnes & McDunnough, 1912))
 Mesapamea calcirena (Püngeler, 1902)
 Mesapamea concinnata Heinicke, 1959
 Mesapamea evidentis Heinicke, 1959
 Mesapamea fractilinea (Grote, 1874)
 Mesapamea maderensis Pinker, [1971]
 Mesapamea moderata (Eversmann, 1843)
 Mesapamea monotona Heinicke, 1959
 Mesapamea pinkeri Bacallado, 1972
 Mesapamea remmi Rezbanyai-Reser, 1985
 Mesapamea secalella Remm, 1983
 Mesapamea secalindica Rezbanyai-Reser, 1986
 Mesapamea secalis (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Mesapamea storai (Rebel, [1940])

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Mesapamea at funet

Hadeninae


Mesasteria is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Mesasteria sanguilinea, is found in Borneo. Both the genus and the species were first described by George Hampson in 1926.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


Mesembreosa is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Mesembreosa albatra, was described from "Tenimber", which appears to be an old spelling of the Tanimbar Islands in Indonesia. Both the genus and species were first described by Gustaaf Hulstaert in 1924.

References

Acontiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Mesembreuxoa is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuinae


Mesocopsis is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae described by Warren in 1913. Its only species, Mesocopsis posticata, was first described by Francis Walker in 1866. It is found in Borneo.

References

Acontiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Mesocrapex is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Mesoeuxoa is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuinae


Mesogenea is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1902.

Species
Some species of this genus are:
Mesogenea costimacula Hampson, 1926
Mesogenea excavata Hampson, 1926
Mesogenea persinuosa Hampson, 1910
Mesogenea varians Hampson, 1902

References

Hampson, G. F. (1902). "The moths of South Africa (Part II)". Annals of the South African Museum 2: 255–446.

Calpinae


Mesogona is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Mesogona acetosellae (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
 Mesogona olivata (Harvey, 1874)
 Mesogona oxalina (Hübner, [1803])
 Mesogona rubra Crabo & Hammond, 1998
 Mesogona subcuprea Crabo & Hammond, 1998

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Mesogona at funet
A revision of Mesogona Boisduval (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)for North America with descriptions of two new species

Noctuinae


Mesoligia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Mesoligia algaini Wiltsihre, 1983
 Mesoligia fodinae (Oberthür, 1880)
 Mesoligia furuncula (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
 Mesoligia kettlewelli Wiltshire, 1983
 Mesoligia literosa (Haworth, 1809)
 Mesoligia prolai Berio, 1974

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Mesoligia at funet*Watson, L., and Dallwitz, M.J. 2003 onwards. British insects: the genera of Lepidoptera-Noctuidae. Version: 29 December 2011 Description of Mesoligia Boursin

Hadeninae


Mesolomia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Mesophractias is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was described by Warren in 1913.

Species
Mesophractias alstoni (Hampson, 1907) Sri Lanka
Mesophractias falcatalis (Hampson, 1894) Sikkim in India

References

Acontiinae


Mesoplectra was a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae first described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1879.

It is considered by The Global Lepidoptera Names Index and Butterflies and Moths of the World to be a synonym of Polypogon. It is considered by Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms to be a synonym of Zanclognatha.

References

Herminiinae


Mesoplus is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Amandus Johnson (October 27, 1877 – June 30, 1974) was a Swedish- American historian, author and museum director. He is most associated with his epic two volume history  The Swedish Settlements on the Delaware 1638-1664, which was also published in Swedish as Den första svenska kolonien i Amerika (1923).

Biography
Amandus Johnson was born at Långasjö in  Emmaboda Municipality, Kalmar, Sweden.
His family emigrated to America and settled in Rice Lake, Minnesota  in 1880.
Johnson studied at Gustavus Adolphus College and in 1904 took a bachelor's degree.
He earned a master's degree  at the University of Colorado at Boulder.
He received his doctorate in 1908 from the University of Pennsylvania where he wrote his doctoral dissertation Swedish Settlements on the Delaware, 1638-1664 on the Swedish colony of New Sweden. In 1908, Johnson was one of the cofounders of the Swedish Colonial Society.
Amandus Johnson was a senior lecturer in Scandinavian languages at the University of Pennsylvania from 1910-1921.

Johnson was the founding curator of the American Swedish Historical Museum and museum director and curator 1921-1943.  In 1943, he was named Emeritus Curator. Dr. Amandus Johnson served as a governor of the  Swedish Colonial Society  1958-1960 .

Amandus Johnson Papers
Originally deposited at the Balch Institute, the Amandus Johnson Papers, including correspondence, manuscripts, organizational records and research materials, are available for research use at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania.

Selected bibliography
The Swedish Settlements on the Delaware Volume I: Their History and Relation to the Indians, Dutch and English, 1638-1664 (1911)
The Swedes in America 1638-1900: Vol. I,  The Swedes on the Delaware 1638-1664. (1914)
Johan Classon Rising: The last governor of New Sweden (1915)
The Indians and Their Culture as Described in Swedish and Dutch Records (1917)
The Swedish Settlements on the Delaware 1638-1664, Volume 2 (1927)
Instruction For Johan Printz, Governor Of New Sweden, "The First Constitution or Supreme Law Of The States Of Pennsylvania And Delaware.  (1930)
Mbundu English-Portuguese dictionary: With grammar and syntax (1931)
The Journal and Biography of Nicholas Collin 1746-1831 (1936)
Swedish contributions to American freedom, 1776-1783: Including a sketch of the background of the Revolution, together with an account of the engagements (1953)

References

Other sources
Benson, Adolph B.; Naboth Hedin Swedes in America, 1638-1938 (Swedish American Tercentenary Association. 1938)

External links

American Swedish Historic Museum website
The Swedish Colonial Society website

1877 births
1974 deaths
People from Emmaboda Municipality
20th-century American historians
Gustavus Adolphus College alumni
University of Colorado alumni
University of Pennsylvania alumni
University of Pennsylvania faculty
Swedish emigrants to the United States
Burials at Gloria Dei (Old Swedes') Church
20th-century American male writers
American male non-fiction writers


Mesorhynchaglaea is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Mesorhynchaglaea pacifica Sugi, 1980

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Mesorhynchaglaea at funet

Cuculliinae


Mesoruza is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Mesoruza kuehni, is found in the Kai Islands and New Guinea. Both the genus and species were first described by Warren in 1913.

References

Acontiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Mesosciera is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1926.

Species
Mesosciera orientalis Hampson, 1926 Singapore
Mesosciera picta Hampson, 1926 southern Nigeria
Mesosciera rubrinotata Hampson, 1926 southern Nigeria
Mesosciera typica (Hampson, 1926) Ghana

References

Calpinae
Moth genera


Mesotrosta is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Mesotrosta incerta Staudinger, 1892
 Mesotrosta ingobilis Boursin, 1954
 Mesotrosta signalis (Treitschke, 1829)

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Mesotrosta at funet

Hadeninae


Metacausta is a monotypic moth genus in the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Metacausta ustata, is found in what was then described as Khasis. Both the genus and species were first described by George Hampson, the genus in 1910 and the species twelve years earlier in 1898.

References

Acontiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Metachrostis is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae first described by Jacob Hübner in 1820.

Taxonomy
The genus has previously been classified in the Eublemminae subfamily of Erebidae or the Acontiinae subfamily of the family Noctuidae.

Description
Palpi long and upturned, reaching above vertex of head. Thorax and abdomen tuftless. Forewings with stalked veins 8,9 and 10. Vein 7 sometimes almost or quite touching vein 8, and forming an areole.

Species

References

 Amsel (1935). Veröffentlichungen aus dem Deutschen Kolonial und Übersee Museum in Bremen 1(2): 237.
 Boisduval (1840). Genera et Index Methodicus Europaeorum Lepidopterorum: 96.
 Brandt (1938). Entomologische Rundschau 55: 558.
 Draudt (1950). Mitteilungen der Münchener Entomologischen Gesellschaft 40: 130.
 Hampson (1891). Illustration typical specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the collection of the British Museum 8: 12, 73, Pl. 145: 16.
 Hübner (1813). Sammlung Europäischer Schmetterlinge 4(1): 515, Pl. 108.
 Kononenko, V.S. & Matov, A.Y. (2009). "A review of Palaearctic Metachrostis Hübner, [1820] 1816 with description of three new species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Eublemminae)." Zootaxa 2026: 1–17.
 Moore (1881). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1881: 371.
 Osthelder (1933). Mitteilungen der Münchener Entomologischen Gesellschaft 23(2): 85.
 Staudinger (1892). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Gesellschaft Iris zu Dresden 5: 288.
 Warren (1912). Novitates Zoologicae 19: 36.

Boletobiinae
Noctuoidea genera


Metacullia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Cuculliinae


Metaegle is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Metaegle pallida (Staudinger, 1892)

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Metaegle at funet

Hadeninae


Metaemene is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1910.

Taxonomy
The genus has previously been classified in the subfamily Acontiinae of the family Noctuidae.

Species
Metaemene atrigutta (Walker, 1862)
Metaemene atropunctata (Pagenstecher, 1896)
Metaemene baliochraspedus Rothschild, 1920
Metaemene hampsoni Wileman, 1914
Metaemene karenkonis (Matsumura, 1930)

References

External links

Boletobiinae
Noctuoidea genera


Metagarista is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1854.

Species
 Metagarista aziyade Vuillot, 1892
 Metagarista maenas Herrich-Schäffer, [1853]
 Metagarista subcrocea Wiltshire, 1983
 Metagarista triphaenoides Walker, 1854

References

Agaristinae


Metagnorisma is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuinae


Metalectra is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae described by Jacob Hübner in 1823.

Taxonomy
The genus has previously been classified in the subfamily Catocalinae within the families Erebidae and Noctuidae.

Species
 Metalectra albilinea Richards, 1941
 Metalectra bigallis J.B. Smith, 1908
 Metalectra cinctus J.B. Smith, 1905 (sometimes spelled Metalectra cincta)
 Metalectra diabolica Barnes & Benjamin, 1924 – diabolical fungus moth
 Metalectra discalis Grote, 1876 – common fungus moth
 Metalectra edilis J.B. Smith, 1906
 Metalectra geminicincta Schaus, 1916
 Metalectra miserulata Grote, 1882
 Metalectra quadrisignata Walker, 1858 – four-spotted fungus moth
 Metalectra richardsi Brower, 1941 – Richards' fungus moth
 Metalectra tantillus Grote, 1875 – black fungus moth

References

Boletobiinae
Noctuoidea genera


Metallata is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Heinrich Benno Möschler in 1890.

Species
Metallata absumens (Walker, 1862) – variable metallata moth – eastern US to Brazil, Antilles, Venezuela, Galápagos Islands
Metallata antias (Druce, 1891) Panama
Metallata anyte (Druce, 1891) Panama
Metallata arbuscula (Druce, 1891) Panama
Metallata blandita (Schaus, 1912) Costa Rica
Metallata distincta (Schaus, 1901) Brazil (Paraná)
Metallata glycera (Schaus, 1914) French Guiana
Metallata grynia (Dognin, 1912) Colombia, Bolivia
Metallata irrorata (Schaus, 1921) Costa Rica
Metallata moniliaris (Guenée, 1852)

References

Eulepidotinae
Moth genera


Metalopha is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Selected species
Metalopha gloriosa (Staudinger, 1892)
Metalopha liturata (Christoph, 1887)

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Cuculliinae


Metaphoenia is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1926.

Species
Metaphoenia amelaena Hampson, 1926 Solomon Islands
Metaphoenia carneipennis Prout, 1926
Metaphoenia incongrualis (Walker, [1859]) Sri Lanka, Borneo
Metaphoenia plagifera (Walker, 1864) Borneo
Metaphoenia plagifera Walker, 1864
Metaphoenia rectifascia Holloway, 2005
Metaphoenia rhodias (Turner, 1908) Queensland
Metaphoenia scobinata Holloway, 2005

References

Calpinae
Moth genera


Metaplusia is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1925.

Species
Metaplusia argyra (H. Druce, 1889) Mexico
Metaplusia trichodisca Dyar, 1925 Mexico

References

Calpinae


Metaponpneumata is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Metaponpneumata rogenhoferi, is found in Mexico and Puerto Rico. Both the genus and species were first described by Heinrich Benno Möschler in 1890.

References

Lafontaine, J. D. & Schmidt, B. C. (2010). "Annotated check list of the Noctuoidea (Insecta, Lepidoptera) of North America north of Mexico". ZooKeys. 40: 1–239.

Acontiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Metappana is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Metappana crescentica (Hampson, 1910)

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Metappana at funet

Hadeninae


Metaprionota is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae erected by George Hampson in 1926. Its only species, Metaprionota sculpta, was first described by Felder in 1874. It is found in French Guiana.

Butterflies and Moths of the World gives this name as a synonym of Lepidodes Guenée, 1852.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


Metaprosphera is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1926.

Species
Metaprosphera modesta (Butler, 1879) Brazil (Amazonas)
Metaprosphera sublimpida (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874) Brazil (Amazonas)

References

Calpinae


Metasada is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae erected by George Hampson in 1910.

Species
 Metasada acontianalis Rothschild, 1915
 Metasada polycesta Turner, 1902

References

Acontiinae


Metasarca is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1925. Both species are found in Mexico.

Species
Metasarca euphancra Dyar, 1925
Metasarca euphanera Hampson, 1926

References

Calpinae


Metatacha is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae erected by George Hampson in 1913. Its only species, Metatacha excavata, was first described by George Thomas Bethune-Baker in 1909. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda.

References

Catocalinae


Metaxaglaea is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Metaxaglaea australis Schweitzer, 1979
 Metaxaglaea inulta (Grote, 1874)
 Metaxaglaea semitaria Franclemont, 1968
 Metaxaglaea viatica (Grote, 1874)
 Metaxaglaea violacea Schweitzer, 1979

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Metaxaglaea at funet

Cuculliinae


Metaxyja is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuinae


Metaxyllia is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Metaxyllia metallicella, is found in Mexico. Both the genus and species were first described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1922.

References

Acontiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Metecia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuinae


Meterana  is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. This genus is endemic to New Zealand.

Species
The following species are placed within this genus:
 Meterana alcyone (Hudson, 1898)
 Meterana asterope (Hudson, 1898)
 Meterana badia (Philpott, 1927)
 Meterana coctilis (Meyrick, 1931)
 Meterana coeleno (Hudson, 1898)
 Meterana decorata (Philpott, 1905)
 Meterana diatmeta (Hudson, 1898)
 Meterana dotata (Walker, 1857)
 Meterana exquisita (Philpott, 1903)
 Meterana grandiosa (Philpott, 1903)
 Meterana inchoata (Philpott, 1920)
 Meterana levis (Philpott, 1905)
 Meterana merope (Hudson, 1898)
 Meterana meyricci (Hampson, 1911)
 Meterana ochthistis (Meyrick, 1887)
 Meterana octans (Hudson, 1898)
 Meterana pansicolor (Howes, 1912)
 Meterana pascoi (Howes, 1912)
 Meterana pauca (Philpott, 1910)
 Meterana pictula (White, 1855)
 Meterana praesignis (Howes, 1911)
 Meterana stipata (Walker, 1865)
 Meterana tartarea (Butler, 1877)
 Meterana vitiosa (Butler, 1877)

References

Hadeninae
Moths of New Zealand
Endemic fauna of New Zealand
Endemic moths of New Zealand


Metlaouia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. Its distinctness from Cucullia is disputed.

Species include:
 Metlaouia autumna

References
 Metlaouia at funet.fi
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Cuculliinae


Metopiora is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Metopiora sanguinata (Lucas, 1892)

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Metopiora at funet

Hadeninae


Metopistis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was described by Warren in 1913.

Species
 Metopistis erschoffi Christoph, 1885
 Metopistis picturata Rothschild, 1909

References

Acontiinae


Metopoceras is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Metopoceras albarracina Hampson, 1918
 Metopoceras canroberti Oberthür, 1918
 Metopoceras delicata (Staudinger, 1898)
 Metopoceras driss Rungs, 1952
 Metopoceras duseutrei (Oberthür, 1922)
 Metopoceras felicina (Donzel, 1844)
 Metopoceras khalildja Oberthür, 1884
 Metopoceras kneuckeri (Rebel, 1903)
 Metopoceras philbyi Wiltshire, 1980
 Metopoceras omar (Oberthür, 1887)
 Metopoceras solituda (Brandt, 1938)

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Metopoceras at funet


Metopodicha is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Metopodicha antherici (Christoph, 1884)
 Metopodicha ernesti Draudt, 1936
 Metopodicha longicornis Boursin, 1957

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Metopodicha at funet

Cuculliinae


Metoponia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Metoponrhis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was described by Staudinger in 1888.

Species
 Metoponrhis albirena Christoph, 1887
 Metoponrhis karakumensis Gerasimov, 1931
 Metoponrhis marginata Hampson, 1898
 Metoponrhis rungsi Lucas, 1936

References

Acontiinae


Metopoplacis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuinae


Metopoplus is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Metopta is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae erected by Charles Swinhoe in 1900. Its only species, Metopta rectifasciata, was first described by Édouard Ménétries in 1863. It is found in Korea and Japan.

References

Catocalinae
Monotypic moth genera


Metria is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Jacob Hübner in 1823.

Species
 Metria amella (Guenée, 1852) – live oak metria moth
 Metria bilineata (J. B. Smith, 1899)
 Metria celia (Cramer, 1782)

References

Omopterini
Moth genera