John R. "Jack" Lorenz (March 14, 1939 – March 2, 2009) was an American environmental activist who led the Izaak Walton League. He served the League for nearly two decades. Lorenz was a vocal advocate for ethical use of outdoor spaces and lobbied off-road vehicle manufacturers to avoid advertisements depicting and glorifying irresponsible treatment of forests and streams. An avid fisherman, Lorenz fished in all 50 states and all of Canada’s provinces.

Life and work
Lorenz was born in St. Louis, Missouri, on March 14, 1939, and grew up in suburban Webster Groves. He attended the University of Tulsa, graduating in 1961, went on to work for the Falstaff Brewing Corporation in St. Louis, and became the leader of the Izaak Walton League in 1974.

While serving as Executive Director of the Izaak Walton League, Lorenz implemented a number of noted programs. In addition to starting the Outdoor Ethics program, he initiated the League’s "Save Our Streams" initiative, a program to encourage public support for efforts by local groups to clean up waterways and lakes.  He championed "catch and release" practices at fishing tournaments, practices that have become almost universally implemented. He helped to establish the Jackson Hole Land Trust, which provides assistance to landowners in Wyoming who want to dedicate their wild lands for preservation. Lorenz co-founded a number of groups that have carried on the initiatives he and others in the environmental movement advocated, including the Wildlife Habitat Council, the Green Group, and the Washington Conservation Roundtable.  He also served as President of the American League of Anglers and Boaters.

Lorenz’s work on behalf of fishing and hunting advocates as well as environmentalists and conservationists brought him acclaim in both communities, capitalizing on their mutual interests to advance programs that served both communities.

Lorenz was honored for his work by awards from most major environmental organizations and many smaller ones.  His own Izaak Walton League placed him in its Hall of Fame, and honored him with their 54 Founders Award, the highest honor offered by the League.  He received the coveted "Jade of Chiefs" award from the Outdoor Writers Association of America, the Chevron Times Mirror Conservation Award, and the Award of Honor from the Natural Resources Council of America, among others.

Lorenz’s tenure with the Izaak Walton League was cut short by ill health.  He suffered from cardiovascular disease and had several major strokes that affected his speech, vision and mobility.  He had numerous heart surgeries, as well, and suffered epileptic seizures periodically throughout his life.  However, he continued to be active in the conservation movement long after leaving the League and until his death.  He served on the Chevron Texaco Conservation Awards committee, helping to select recipients who were continuing the work he loved so well.  He was active with many smaller groups, including Friends of the North Fork of the Shenandoah River, on whose board he served, an organization of activists dedicated to protecting their river from environmental degradation.

Lorenz’s work reflected a keen sense of altruism and practicality, a desire to leave something behind him that would demonstrate to future generations the important role the wild places of the country played in his life.  He had grown up fishing the rivers in Missouri and Arkansas with his father, and he wanted others to have that same kind of experience.  He is quoted as often saying that the hard work and sacrifice of his job was worth it. "The gratitude of our children will be thanks enough for our work."

Lorenz, who lived in Woodstock, Virginia, died of a stroke on March 2, 2009, in San Diego, California.

References

1939 births
2009 deaths
American environmentalists
People from St. Louis
People from Webster Groves, Missouri
People from Woodstock, Virginia
University of Tulsa alumni


The following is a family tree for the Kings of the Hellenes of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, which ruled Greece between the election of Prince Wilhelm of Denmark (George I) to replace Otto of Greece in 1863 until the declaration of the Second Hellenic Republic in 1924, and again from 1935 until the abolition of the monarchy during the reign of King Constantine II in 1973. Those who ruled Greece are given in bold capitals.

Greek
Greek royalty


Anne Hamilton, Countess of Huntly (c. 1535 – after 17 April 1574), was a Scottish noblewoman and a member of the powerful Hamilton family which had a strong claim to the Scottish crown. Her father James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault, 2nd Earl of Arran was heir presumptive to the throne of Scotland after Mary, Queen of Scots prior to the birth of the latter's son Prince James in 1566. Anne was the wife of George Gordon, 5th Earl of Huntly, Lord Chancellor of Scotland and a chief conspirator during the reign of Queen Mary.

In her teens, Anne entered Marie of Guise's household as a lady-in-waiting and maid-of-honour.

Family
Lady Anne was born in Scotland in about 1535, the eldest daughter of James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault, 2nd Earl of Arran and Lady Margaret Douglas. Her paternal grandparents were James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Arran, and Lady Janet Beaton, and her maternal grandparents were James Douglas, 3rd Earl of Morton, and Catherine Stewart, illegitimate daughter of King James IV of Scotland by his mistress Marion Boyd. The Hamiltons were, next to the legitimate royal Stewarts, the noblest family in Scotland, and therefore the strongest claimants to the throne due to Anne's great-grandfather James Hamilton, 1st Lord Hamilton having been the husband of Princess Mary Stewart, the sister of King James III. From the time of the death of John Stewart, Duke of Albany in 1536 until the birth of James Stewart, Duke of Rothesay in 1450; from April 1541 when the infant Rothesay died along with his new-born brother, Arthur until the birth of Queen Mary on 8 December 1542; and then following the death of King James V on 14 December 1542 until the birth of Queen Mary's son, Prince James in 1566, Anne's father was the heir presumptive to the Kingdom of Scotland. When Mary abdicated in 1567 in favour of her son James, he once again became next in line to the throne until his own death on 22 January 1575.

Anne had three younger sisters and five brothers, including James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran, John Hamilton, 1st Marquess of Hamilton, and Claud Hamilton, 1st Lord Paisley. James, who was declared legally insane on 9 April 1562, had aspired to marry Queen Mary, and at one point in 1562, there was a rumour spread throughout the realm that he had planned to abduct her. Although the rumour proved false, the eccentric James would, throughout his life, nurse a neurotic obsession for his royal cousin.

Early life
On the infant Queen Mary's accession to the throne, Anne's father, James Hamilton, Earl of Arran, became Regent of Scotland until 1554, when he surrendered the post to Mary's mother Mary of Guise. Mary of Guise visited France in 1551. On her return in December, Anne was bought magnificent clothes to join Guise's household as a lady-in-waiting and maid of honour. The clothes included; a grey velvet gown; a crimson velvet gown with gold passementerie; four hoods and sets of sleeves; red stockings; with a sponge, a rubbing brush and a pair of knives. Her father had already bought her several fine gowns, all paid for from the royal exchequer.

Anne was ill in March and April 1552. She recovered, perhaps with the help of drugs bought from Guise's apothecary and surgeon costing £20. At this time her servants were Effame Hamilton, Gilbert Ruthven and William Forrester. Effame, who was called Anne's keeper, sewed her clothes and kept the fire in Anne's chamber. Anne's older sister Barbara Hamilton married Alexander Gordon, Lord Gordon. Lady Gordon and Lady Anne travelled with Mary of Guise to the west of Scotland in March 1553. Lady Anne went to Falkland Palace in June. Soon after, their father resigned the regency to Mary of Guise, and thereafter the Crown records no longer documented Anne's expenses.

Marriage and issue
On 12 March 1558, Lady Anne married George Gordon, 5th Earl of Huntly, son of George Gordon, 4th Earl of Huntly and Elizabeth Keith. He would become one of the chief conspirators in the realm during the reign of Queen Mary.

Anne was described as having '"shown a mettle which outstripped that of her husband". The marriage produced four children:
 Lady Jean Gordon (died after 29 December 1615), married George Sinclair, 5th Earl of Caithness, son of John Sinclair, Master of Caithness and Jean Hepburn, by whom she had five children.
 George Gordon, 6th Earl of Huntly (1562 – 13 June 1636), married Henrietta Stewart (1573–1642), daughter of Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox and Catherine de Balsac, by whom he had seven children, including George Gordon, 2nd Marquess of Huntly.
 Alexander Gordon (died January 1622), married Lady Agnes Sinclair.
 William Gordon, a monk.

Anne's husband was warded at Dunbar Castle following his father's rebellion and death in August 1562 at the Battle of Corrichie. His titles and estates were forfeited and his brother John Gordon was executed for treason. George Gordon, as Sheriff of Inverness Castle, had refused the queen entry to the fortress which was a royal property. He was pardoned by the queen and put into free ward at Dunbar. His estates and title of Earl of Huntly were restored to him in 1565, following Queen Mary's marriage to Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley. He obtained his full freedom in 1565, and his dignities were formally restored in 1567. He was appointed Lord Chancellor of Scotland that same year.

Anne was well regarded by Mary, Queen of Scots, and she was the only Hamilton mentioned in her will made in June 1566 before the birth of Prince James. In 1567, Anne's husband was part of the confederation of nobles who conspired to murder of Lord Darnley. The ring-leader of the conspiracy was allegedly James Hepburn, Earl of Bothwell, George's ally and the husband of his sister, Jean. George, shortly after Darnley's murder, persuaded Jean to divorce Bothwell enabling him to marry the widowed Queen Mary. He witnessed the marriage contract between the queen and Bothwell, and he was part of the retinue that accompanied the couple on their return to Edinburgh just before their wedding.

Anne's brother Claud Hamilton led the vanguard of Queen Mary's troops at the Battle of Langside but the royalists were defeated by Regent Moray's forces. Many of her relatives were slain or taken prisoner in the battle.

Anne Hamilton died sometime after 17 April 1574.

Ancestry

References

 Antonia Fraser, Mary, Queen of Scots, Dell Publishing Co., Inc., New York,  March 1971, originally published by Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London, 1969
 www.thePeerage.com/p2100.htm#20995
 www.Stirnet.com

1535 births
Year of death unknown
Date of death unknown
Scottish countesses
Daughters of Scottish earls
16th-century Scottish women
Anne
16th-century Scottish people


Gabriel Sibley "Sid" Kimpton, also known as George Kimpton, (12 August 1887 – 15 February 1968) was an English football player, who spent his entire playing career with Southampton and subsequently became a manager in Europe coaching DFC Prague, Polonia Warsaw, Cracovia Le Havre, Coventry City, France national team, RC Paris, Rouen and Cherbourg.

Playing career
Kimpton was born in Leavesden, near Watford and, after playing for his local village team, had an unsuccessful trial with Watford in 1909.

He joined Southern League Southampton in September 1910; after one match for the reserves, he made his first-team debut on 22 October, taking over the centre-forward's role from Percy Prince, in a 3–0 defeat by Crystal Palace. Kimpton scored in his next match a week later, in a 3–2 defeat at Brentford. By the end of the season, Kimpton had made 29 appearances, scoring seven goals, as the "Saints" finished one point above the relegation places.

According to Holley & Chalk, Kimpton's "main value was his reliability and versatility"; he was "never thought of as a great player (but) had plenty of pluck and bustle which made him hugely popular."

For the 1911–12 season, Southampton's new manager George Swift recruited eleven new players, including centre-forward Henry Hamilton from Huddersfield Town. Kimpton retained his place in the side, but moved back to right-half where he played for the first half of the season, before being replaced by John Denby in December. Kimpton returned to the side in March, when he took over the outside-right berth from Jack Wilcox for the rest of the season, at the end of which Southampton were once again just above the relegation zone.

George Swift resigned in the summer of 1912 and Jimmy McIntyre was recruited as "trainer" with Ernest Arnfield returning as "secretary" (manager). The Saints started the 1912–13 season badly, only winning one match by the end of October. As the managerial team tried to improve performances by recruiting new players, Kimpton managed to retain his place in the side, either at centre-forward or on the right-wing, until February when he was dropped.

He returned to the side the following November and continued at outside-right for the rest of the 1913–14 season. He started the 1914–15 season on the wing, before reverting to centre-forward at the end of October, where he remained for the rest of the season, scoring ten goals as the Saints finished in sixth place, their best Southern League finish for five years.

During the First World War, Kimpton worked for Thornycroft but continued to turn out for Southampton in wartime leagues and friendlies.

On the resumption of football in 1919, Kimpton was one of only three pre-war players who were re-signed by Southampton, but he was now in his thirties and only made two appearances in Southampton's final Southern League season. Before he left the Saints, he was rewarded with a benefit match. In his Southampton career, he made 149 appearances in peace-time matches, scoring 30 goals.

Coaching career
Kimpton led the first coaching lessons of the FFFA in 1934. He was then called up to help the France national team for the 1934 World Cup, played in Italy. He had only an advisory role, as the triumvirate Gaston Barreau, Jean Rigal and Maurice Delanghe still led the team.

He brought the WM formation in France. Interviewed by L'Auto magazine about the level of French football players: "The French team could do better. (...) The French players must follow the discipline of football."

Before the World Cup match France-Austria played on 27 May 1934 in Torino, Kimpton asked French midfielder Georges Verriest to do a very tight individual marking on Austrian striker Matthias Sindelar. He said: "You can follow Sindelar everywhere... even to the toilet! ". France lost 3–2 "doubtful goal" against the Wunderteam and more than 4000 people welcomed players and staff at the Gare de Lyon. Kimpton was even acclaimed.

Kimpton left the coaching staff of the France national team just after the World Cup. Gaston Barreau expressed relief, because he did not appreciate Kimpton's tactical options. He returned to his coaching lessons held on Mondays, Thursdays and Saturdays in several stadia of Paris. Alongside his lessons, he became the manager of RC Paris and again brought the WM formation with sport director of les Pingouins, Victor Mestre.

After the defeat of the France national team 3–1 versus Germany on 17 March 1935, the FFFA called up Kimpton to an assistant position to teach WM to French international footballers. Kimpton was still the RC Paris manager at that time and only attended the meetings before the matches in Chantilly and then in Saint-Germain-en-Laye, because Gaston Barreau did not want to lost his prerogatives during the matches. The first results of France were good enough, but at the beginning of 1936, France lost 1–6 at home against the Netherlands and 0–3 versus Czechoslovakia) Kimpton was fired as an assistant but remained physio. Manager Gaston Barreau could now decide the tactics of the French football team.

At RC Paris, Kimpton was also criticised by the Parisian supporters for his "economic football". But he led the team to the French championship in 1936 and to two Coupe de France 1936 and 1939. In 1936, Kimpton cried when Racing won the Coupe de France. In 1939, Kimpton decided with a toss in the locker-room who would play as left-midfielder between André Raux and Louis Wojtkowiak. The five francs coin selected Wojtkowiak.

Kimpton signed for FC Rouen during summer, but World War II temporarily ended football. However, les Diables rouges played well.

During the war, Kimpton was interned by the Germans at the Ilag in Saint-Denis, near Paris. He came back to FC Rouen after the war. Under his management, Rouen won the last war championship.

Kimpton then managed Havre AC for one season, and he was fired for poor results. He ended his career with AS Cherbourg.

Honours

As a manager
RC Paris
Division 1: 1935–36
Coupe de France: 1936, 1939

References

External links
Biography

1887 births
1968 deaths
People from Three Rivers District
Sportspeople from Hertfordshire
English men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Southern Football League players
Southampton F.C. players
English football managers
MKS Cracovia managers
Le Havre AC managers
France national football team managers
FC Rouen managers
AS Cherbourg Football managers
Polonia Warsaw managers
1934 FIFA World Cup managers
Expatriate football managers in Poland
English expatriate sportspeople in Poland
English expatriate football managers
Racing Club de France Football managers
English expatriate sportspeople in France
English expatriate sportspeople in Czechoslovakia
Association football coaches


An Thuong is a commune in the district of Hoài Đức, Hanoi, Vietnam. The chairman of this commune is Lê Văn Vinh. The commune has an area of 6 km², population in 2008 was 6,600 with a density of 1,100/km².

The overwhelming ethnic group is the Kinh people.

Geography
An Thượng borders following communes:

Song Phương to the north
Vân Côn to the west
To the south it borders:Đông La (of Hoài Đức); Tân Phú, Đại Thành (of Quốc Oai)
An Khánh to the east

Communes of Hanoi
Populated places in Hanoi


The Glasgow Academical Football Club is the third oldest rugby football club in Scotland. The club was also a founder member of the Scottish Football Union (the future SRU) in 1873.

History

Glasgow Hawks

In 1997 the decision was made to combine the first XV's of Glasgow Academicals and close rivals Glasgow High Kelvinside (themselves a fairly new club having been formed when the struggling Glasgow High FP and Kelvinside Academicals clubs combined in 1982), something that was predicted would happen only after "hell freezes over". The combined team was named the Glasgow Hawks. The Hawks won the second division championship and the Scottish Cup in their first year and have since continued in the first division - winning the league in 2004, 2005 and 2006, and the Cup again in 2004 and 2007. Glenn Metcalfe together with Derek Stark and Gordon McIlwham became Scottish Internationals while Mike Beckham and Tommy Hayes played for the Cook Islands.

Glasgow Academicals
With the advent of the Hawks, the Glasgow Academicals lost many of their strong first XV but made the decision to continue as a league side for the following year - which under SRU rules meant that they had to rejoin the lowest league of Scottish rugby. In 1998 the club competed in Glasgow District division 3. The club raced back up through the leagues, being promoted as league champions five years in succession.

In 2016, their 150th year, they won West Regional League Division One giving them promotion to Scottish National League Division Three for 2016/17, after only losing one league game all season.  Of the 157 clubs in the National and Regional leagues in 2015–16, only three had a winning % record which bettered Accies.  Success came on the 9 April 2016 with a 26–7 win over Allan Glens at the Bearyards. Days after winning the league, the 150th year of the club was celebrated in April 2016, with a 1st XV match against a team mainly principally from West of Scotland F.C. but including representatives from the other six clubs who, along with Accies and West, had founded the SRU in 1873.

In recent years, the club has toured overseas to destinations including Zimbabwe (defeating leading province Matabeleland), United States (Carolina), Poland, in the 150th year Luxembourg, and most recently Budapest in 2017.

In 2017 the club finished third. They did win 13 games in a row, including a 163–10 defeat of Livingston, followed up by 95–0 against Greenock Wanderers the following week.  The final “points for” tally in the league was 930 from 22 games – the highest in the national leagues – with a points difference of 600.

In April 2018, Accies secured promotion to National 2 with an 8-try win at Murrayfield Wanderers.

Glasgow Academicals Sevens

The club run the Glasgow Academicals Sevens. Their first Sevens tournament was in 1908 to raise funds to pay for their pavilion, but their Sevens was re-started in 1969 as an annual tournament.

Honours
Scottish Unofficial Championship
Champions (14): 1871–72, 1872–73, 1873–74, 1875–76, 1876–77, 1882–83, 1903–04, 1904–05, 1912–13, 1921–22, 1923–24, 1924–25, 1925–26, 1929–30
Scottish National League Division One
Champions (2): 1983–84, 1985–86
Scottish National League Division Two
Champions (4): 1979–80, 1995–96, 2003–04, 2022–23
Scottish National League Division Three
 Runners-Up: 2017-18
Glasgow District 3
Champions: 1998-99
Glasgow District 2
Champions: 1999-2000
Glasgow District 1
Champions: 2000-01
Scottish National League Division Five
Champions: 2001-02
Scottish National League Division Four
Champions: 2002-03
BT Shield
Runners-up: 2003-04
West League
Champions: 2015-16
 Glasgow Academicals Sevens
 Champions: 1971, 1992
 West of Scotland Sevens
 Champions: 2018, 2019
 Lochaber Sevens
 Champions: 1993
 Kelvinside Academicals Sevens
 Champions: 1976
 Arran Sevens
 Champions: 2017
 Hillhead HSFP Sevens
 Champions: 1969
 Glasgow University Sevens
 Champions: 1941, 1962, 1964, 1969, 1982, 1999
 Clarkston Sevens
 Champions: 1962, 1964, 1967, 1968, 1969
 Bearsden Sevens
 Champions: 1977
 Strathendrick Sevens
 Champions: 1992, 1993
 Allan Glen's Sevens
 Champions: 1977, 1982, 1986
 Ayr Sevens
 Champions: 1966, 1969, 1984
 Greenock Sevens
 Champions: 1976
 Hawick Sevens
 Champions (1): 1939
 Gala Sevens
 Champions (1): 1939
 Kilmarnock Sevens
 Champions: 1942
 Helensburgh Sevens
 Champions: 2022
 Dundee City Sevens
 Champions: 2022

SRU presidents
15 Glasgow Academicals have been President of the SRU:
 1874–75 Albert Harvey
 1878–79 George Raphael Fleming
 1880–81 David Watson
 1882–83 William Cross
 1884–85 Malcolm Cross
 1886–87 James S. Carrick
 1903–04 Robert Greig
 1911–12 William Andrew Walls
 1924–25 Robert Campbell MacKenzie
 1933–34 John MacGill
 1953–54 Malcolm Allan
 1956–57 Max Simmers
 1963–64 Herbert Waddell
 1969–70 George Crerar
 1977–78 Frank Coutts

International players
Eighty-four players have played for , with five also playing tests for the . The team has also provided internationalists for  and .

  JW Arthur (first capped 1871)
  William Davie Brown (first capped 1871) - Scotland captain in 1874-75
  Thomas Chalmers (first capped 1871)
  William Cross (first capped 1871) - scorer of the first ever international conversion!  SRU President 1882-83
  Daniel Drew (first capped 1871)
  John Shaw Thomson (first capped 1871)
All six of these players played in the first ever rugby international -
on 27 March 1871 - when Scotland beat England by 1 goal (2 tries) to nil (1 try).
  James H. McClure (first capped 1872) - with George - the first ever twins to be capped!
  Henry William Allan (first capped 1873)
  Charles Chalmers Bryce (first capped 1873)
  George B. McClure (first capped 1873) - with James - the first ever twins to be capped!
  Gilbert Heron (first capped 1874)
  John Kennedy Tod (first capped 1874)
  Allan Arthur (first capped 1875)
  Malcolm Cross (first capped 1875) - SRU President 1884-85
  George Raphael Fleming (first capped 1875)
  James S. Carrick (first capped 1876) - SRU President 1886-87
  John Junor (first capped 1876)
  David Watson (first capped 1876) - SRU President 1880-81
  Sir Robert C. McKenzie KBE CB (first capped 1877) - SRU President 1924-25
  Stewart Henry Smith (first capped 1877) - 2 caps
  James A. Campbell (first capped 1878)
  John Alexander Neilson (first capped 1878)
  Gussie Graham (first capped 1878)
  Duncan Irvine (first capped 1878)
  George Macleod (first capped 1878)
  John Blair Brown (first capped 1879)
  Edward Ewart (first capped 1879)
  David McCowan (first capped 1880)
  Bryce Allan (first capped 1881)
  James Fraser (first capped 1881)
  George Robb (first capped 1881)
  William Andrew Walls (first capped 1882) - SRU President 1911-12
  David Kidston (first capped 1883) 2 caps
  John Mowat (first capped 1883)
  J. French (first capped 1886)
  Flowerdew Macindoe (first capped 1886)
  Hugh Ker (first capped 1887)
  Alexander Woodrow (first capped 1887)
  J. G. McKendrick (first capped 1889)
  Robert Greig (first capped 1893) - SRU President 1903-04
  David D. Robertson (first capped 1893) - 1900 Olympic bronze medal for GB at Golf!
  James Bishop (first capped 1893)
  Bill Donaldson (first capped 1893)
  Alexander H. Anderson (first capped 1894)
  Robert S. Stronach (first capped 1901)
  Lewis MacLeod (first capped 1904)
  William Milne (first capped 1904)
  Harold McCowat (first capped 1905)
  Douglas Schulze (first capped 1905)
  William L. Russell (first capped 1905)
  Tennant Sloan (first capped 1905)
   Louis Greig (first capped 1905) - 3 tests for British Lions (SA 1903)
  William Campbell Church (first capped 1906)   † killed in WWI (Gallipoli)
  J. A. Brown (first capped 1908)
  Jimmy Dobson (first capped 1910) - 1 cap
 Robert "Bertie" B. Waddell, uncapped by Scotland, toured in 1910 with the "Combined British" squad to Argentina, retrospectively classed as a British Lions tour.
  Alexander Stevenson (first capped 1911)
  John Dobson (first capped 1911) - 6 caps
  Jack Warren (first capped 1914) - 1 cap
  Eric Templeton Young (first capped 1914) - 1 cap   † killed in WWI (Gallipoli)
  Robert A. Gallie (first capped 1920) - 8 caps
  Eric MacKay (first capped 1920) - 2 caps
  George M. Murray (first capped 1921) - 2 caps
  J.C. "Jimmy" Dykes (first capped 1922) - 20 caps.
  Andrew Stevenson (first capped 1922) - 4 caps
  Ronald C. Warren (first capped 1922) - 5 caps
  Robert S. Simpson (first capped 1923) - 1 cap
   Herbert Waddell (first capped 1924) - 15 caps for Scotland and 3 tests for British Lions (SA 1924). - SRU President 1963-64
  James Gilchrist (first capped 1925) - 1 cap
  Jimmy Nelson, (first capped 1925) - 25 caps
  William H. Stevenson (first capped 1925) - 1 cap
  Max Simmers, (first capped 1926) - 28 caps  - SRU President 1956-57
    Edward G. Taylor (first capped 1927) - 2 caps for Scotland and 3 tests for British Lions, 1927 "unofficial" tour to Argentina - Argentina's first ever test matches
  Harry Greenlees (first capped 1927) - 6 caps
  Thomas M. Hart (first capped 1930) - 2 caps - also capped twice for Scotland Cricket - 1933-34
  James Forrest (first capped 1932) - 3 caps
  Andrew Dykes (first capped 1932) - 1 cap
  Ronald O. Murray (first capped 1935) - 2 caps
   Laurie Duff (first capped 1936) - Scotland 6 caps and British Lions (1938 SA Tour - 2 tests, 2 tries!)
  C. Robert Bruce (first capped 1947) - 8 caps
  Frank Coutts (first capped 1947) - 3 caps - SRU President 1977-78
  J. Hamish" C. Dawson (first capped 1947) - 20 caps
  Brian Simmers (first capped 1965) - 7 caps - scorer of two dropped goals in one international (v Wales, 1965) - a record for Scotland held jointly with, among others, John Rutherford, Craig Chalmers and Dan Parks
  Mike A. Smith (first capped 1970) - 4 caps
   John Beattie (first capped 1980) - 25 caps for Scotland and 2 tests for British Lions (NZ 1983, Rest of the World 1986); member of Scotland's 1984 Grand Slam squad
  Marty Berry (first capped 1986) - 1 cap - Glasgow Accies' first All Black
  Glenn Metcalfe (first capped 1998) - 40 caps - our most-capped internationalist; member of Scotland's 1999 Championship winning XV
  Johnnie Beattie (first capped 2006) - 38 caps - our most-capped former pupil; scorer of the 2010 6 Nations Try of the Tournament against Ireland
  Andreas Nilserius (first capped 2015) - Swedish cap from Glasgow Accies' 2015-16 Championship-winning squad
  Chris Nilserius (first capped 2016) - Swedish cap from 2015 to 2016 Championship-winning XV, currently playing in Glasgow Accies' 2016-17 1st XV
  Phillip Axelsson (first capped 2016) - Swedish cap currently playing in Glasgow Accies' 2016-17 1st XV
  Robert Beattie (first capped 2016) - won his first cap for Scotland 7s in the Cape Town Sevens in December 2016

References

 Massie, Allan A Portrait of Scottish Rugby (Polygon, Edinburgh; )

External links

Rugby clubs established in 1866
Rugby union teams in Scotland
Rugby union in Glasgow
1866 establishments in Scotland
Sports clubs and teams in Glasgow


Hưng Thủy is a commune (xã) Lệ Thủy District, Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam. Local economy is mainly agricultural, rice production and cattle breeding.

Communes of Quảng Bình province


Alexander Lugger (born 8 May 1968) is an Austrian ski mountaineer and coach of the national team.

Lugger was born in Lienz. He started ski mountaineering in 1984 and competed first in the Lesachtaler Skitourenlauf race in 1992. He holds several national champion titles amongst others.

Selected results
 2004:
 5th, World Championship single race
 6th, World Championship combination ranking
 9th, World Championship team race (together with Andreas Ringhofer)
 2005:
 5th, European Championship single race
 10th, European Championship vertical race
 2006:
 6th (and 1st "seniors II" ranking), Patrouille des Glaciers, together with Olivier Nägele and Tony Sbalbi
 2007:
 1st, Scialpinistica del Monte Canin (together with Mario Scanu)
 2008:
 1st, Austrian Championship
 1st, Lesachtaler Skitourenlauf
 1st, Laserzlauf
 5th, World Championship relay (together with Martin Bader, Andreas Kalß and Andreas Fischbacher)
 6th, World Championship long distance race
 7th, World Championship single race

Trofeo Mezzalama

 2005: 4th, together with Hansjörg Lunger and Olivier Nägele

References

External links
 Alexander Lugger at skimountaineering.org
 Alexander Lugger , ASKIMO

1968 births
Living people
Austrian male ski mountaineers
Austrian sports coaches
Ski mountaineering coaches
People from Lienz
Skiers from Tyrol (state)


Hoa Thủy is a commune (xã) Lệ Thủy District, Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam. Local economy is mainly agricultural, rice production and cattle breeding. It is served by My Duc Railway Station on Hanoi–Saigon Railway, 26 km south of Đồng Hới Railway Station.

Communes of Quảng Bình province


Trường Thủy is a commune in Lệ Thủy District, Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam. The local economy is mainly agricultural, with rice production and cattle breeding.

The mausoleum of Nguyễn Hữu Cảnh and Hoàng Kế Viêm is located here. The Ho Chi Minh Highway crosses this commune.
The commune perches on a hilly and mountainous area where there remain many places with unexploded bombs dropped by the US air forces.

Communes of Quảng Bình province


Miss Thailand Universe 2008 was the 9th Miss Thailand Universe pageant held at the Aksra Theatre, King Power Complex, in Bangkok, Thailand on May 24, 2008. In the final round, broadcast live on BBTV Channel 7, Gavintra Photijak, was crowned Miss Thailand Universe 2008 by Farung Yuthithum, Miss Thailand Universe 2007.

Two months later, in July 2008, Gavintra Photijak went to Miss Universe 2008 at Nha Trang, Vietnam and won Best National Costume Award.

External links
 Miss Thailand Universe official website
 T-Pageant Club

2008
2008 in Bangkok
2008 beauty pageants
May 2008 events in Thailand
Beauty pageants in Thailand


Mai Thuy is a commune in the Lệ Thủy District, Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam. The local economy is mainly agricultural, rice production and cattle breeding.
This commune borders: Mỹ Thủy opposite to the other bank of Kiến Giang River, Xuân Thủy, Phú Thủy and Trường Thủy.
Hanoi–Saigon Railway traverses this communes with a stop at the Phu Hoa Railway Station.

Communes of Quảng Bình province


An Thuy is a rural commune and village in Lệ Thủy District, Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam. Local economy is mainly agricultural, rice production and cattle breeding.

Communes of Quảng Bình province
Populated places in Quảng Bình province


Morten Peter Meldal (born 16 January 1954) is a Danish chemist and Nobel laureate. He is a professor of chemistry at the University of Copenhagen in Copenhagen, Denmark. He is best known for developing the CuAAC-click reaction, concurrently with but independent of Valery V. Fokin and K. Barry Sharpless.

Biography
Meldal received B.S. and PhD degrees in chemical engineering from Technical University of Denmark (DTU); his PhD work was supervised by Klaus Bock and focused on the synthetic chemistry of carbohydrates. From 1983 to 1988 he was a postdoctoral fellow in organic chemistry, first at the DTU, next at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology at Cambridge University and then at the University of Copenhagen. In 1996 he was appointed assistant professor at DTU. Since 1998 he has led the synthesis group in the Department of Chemistry of the Carlsberg Laboratory.

Meldal developed several technological techniques and instruments for peptide synthesis near the start of his career. He developed the multiple-column synthesis used in peptide and organic synthesis instruments, as well as for assembling large split-mix libraries. He first presented the cycloaddition of acetylenes and azides used in peptide and protein conjugations, in polymers and in material sciences. Meldal's group has then showed this reaction to be orthogonal to the majority of functional group chemistries.

More recently Meldal has developed an optical encoding technique  and has focused on the merger of organic chemistry and peptide chemistry on solid support. He has devised a range of novel methods for the generation of N-acyl iminium ions in which combinatorial libraries of these compounds are generated and screened for substances with activity toward G protein-coupled receptors in cell-based on-bead screening.

In 2019, Meldal co-founded the company Betamab Therapeutics ApS, based on the concept of beta-bodies, i.e. peptide mimics of antibodies. The company closed in 2021.

Honors and awards
Meldal was awarded the 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, jointly with Carolyn R. Bertozzi and Karl Barry Sharpless, "for the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry".

References

External links

Danish chemists
1954 births
Living people
Carlsberg Laboratory staff
Nobel laureates in Chemistry
Technical University of Denmark alumni
Academic staff of the University of Copenhagen
Academic staff of the Technical University of Denmark
21st-century Danish scientists
21st-century chemists


Hồng Thủy is a commune Lệ Thủy District, Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam. Local economy is mainly agricultural, rice production and cattle breeding.
National Route 1 crosses this communes. The commune perches on a sandy area.

Communes of Quảng Bình province


Võ Ninh is a commune in Quảng Ninh District, Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam.
This is an agricultural commune.

Communes of Quảng Bình province
Populated places in Quảng Bình province


Jonathan Fagerlund (born 8 January 1991), sometimes just Jonathan, is a Swedish singer. He has released two albums Flying and Welcome to My World and five singles. He is signed to Dreamline Music record label. In 2009, he took part in Melodifestivalen with the song "Welcome to My Life". Before his solo career, he had taken part in a television series and was, for a brief time, a member of Streetwize, an international boy band project. In the 2010s he developed a fitness training career under the name By Jonny.

Career
Fagerlund was born in Jönköping. In 2004, at the age of 13, he took part in Super Troupers on Sweden's TV4 television station. He finished fifth overall out of 10 finalists with the song "This is the Moment / Nu eller aldrig"<ref>[[:sv:Super Troupers|Swedish language Wikipedia page on Super Troopers]]</ref>

In 2005, he joined the international boy band project called Streetwize, alongside Lee Mulhern (later known as Lee Matthews), Donal Skehan and Lee Hutton. He toured with the group in the United Kingdom, Ireland, United States and Sweden. The original members appeared on the US television station CN8, a cable television station where they performed "Room in Your Heart" in a morning show hosted by Greg Coy. But disappointed by the slow progress of the group project, he decided to leave the band Streetwize and return to his homeland and start a solo musical career.

He released his debut album, Flying, in 2008 with collaborations from producers and songwriters Samuel Waermö, Andreas Carlsson and Savan Kotecha. His first ever official single was "Angeline". It had heavy air play on Swedish pop radio stations, but failed to chart. The next single released in Sweden, "Playing Me", released in February 2008 and topped at No. 4 for two consecutive weeks in the Swedish Singles Chart in March 2008. A third single followed in 2008 "Dance in the Shadows". Jonathan went on tour with Nickelodeon for their highly popular summer music festival.

Jonathan also took part in the 2009 series of Melodifestivalen with the new song "Welcome to My Life" written by Samuel Waermö and Didrik Thott Jonathan in a bid to represent Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 2009 held in Moscow, Russia. The Swedish contest was won by the soprano Malena Ernman. In his second album Welcome to My World, he collaborated with Alice Svensson, a childhood friend and Idol'' 2008 runner-up in the song "Save Our Yesterdays".

By Jonny
In 2010s, Fagerlund started working as a training instructor in a fitness gym in Stockholm. He is a fitness trainer and nutritionist who developed his program under the name By Jonny. He won "Group Fitness Trainer of the Year" and was nominated to "Personal Trainer of the Year" at Fitnessfestivalen.

Discography

Albums

Singles

Songs / Videos
2007: "Angeline"
2008: "Playing Me"
2008: "Dance in the Shadows"
2009: "Welcome to My Life"
2009: "Ready 4 It"
2012: "U-DO"

References

External links
 By Jonny Official website
 Jonathan Fagerlund Official site
 Jonathan Fagerlund MySpace
 LastFM Jonathan Fagerlund page

1991 births
Living people
English-language singers from Sweden
21st-century Swedish singers
21st-century Swedish male singers
Melodifestivalen contestants of 2009


Lugger may refer to:

 Lugger, a type of small sailing vessel
 Alexander Lugger (b. 1968), Austrian ski mountaineer
 7723 Lugger, a Mars-crossing asteroid
 Drascombe Lugger, a British boat design

See also
 Luger (disambiguation)
 Lugar (disambiguation)


Tadhg Dall Ó hUiginn (c. 1550 – c.1591) was an Irish poet.

Background
A well-known late-Gaelic era poet, Tadhg Dall Ó hUiginn was a member of a family of professional poets from north Connacht. His mother's name is unknown. His father was Mathghamhain mac Maolmhuire, a direct descendant of Tadg Óg Ó hUiginn (died 1448), prominent poet of his day. His brother, Maol Muire Ó hÚigínn, was a priest who became Archbishop of Tuam, yet also followed family tradition in composing poetry (little surviving). He died in 1590.  Tadhg had lands at Doughrarane in Achonry, and Coolrecuil in Kilmactigue, among other parcels in County Sligo, where he served as a juror. The twentieth-century editor and translator of his works for the Irish Texts Society, Eleanor Knott, suggests that these were lands originally granted to his ancestors by the O'Conor Sligo family, who were the patrons of this bardic family.

That he  was called by the soubriquet  ('blind') suggests that Ó hUiginn's vision was poor or absent. However, the appellation was not necessarily literal, and may have alluded to some other perceived characteristic or event in his early life.

Poetry
Ó hUiginn evidently enjoyed high status in his lifetime. This is reflected in the lords, powerful and influential leaders, to whom he addressed many of his poems.
Further indication of his status among contemporaries and in the decades after, is the sizable number of his compositions that are found in important compilations of the time. The Book of O'Conor Don - compiled at Ostend in 1631 - has twenty-four poems ascribed to Ó hUigin; while the Ó Gadhra manuscript (RIA MS 23 F 16), collected in Brussels and Lille in 1655-1659, includes fifteen of his works.

A constant theme of his work is a very distinct sense of Irish nationalism, acutely aware of the political situation in late 16th-century Ireland. Irish sovereignty under threat from England features in several, along with restructuring invasion stories found in Lebor Gabala Erenn for the Norman-Irish, who were now heavily Gaelicised.

Death
An inquest held at Ballymote in 1593 recorded that Tadhg Dall had died at Coolrecuil on the last day of March 1591. A chancery inquisition of 1617 provided further details, stating that members of the Ó hEadhra family of Cashel Carragh, Kilmacteige, were attainted in 1591 for "murdering one  his wife and  in the year one thousand five hundred  and one or thereabouts". Tadhg Dall apparently composed a satirical poem about six robbers, all members of the Ó hEadhra family. A later (1714) manuscript of the satire has a heading that suggests that members of the Ó hEadhra sept retaliated by cutting out his tongue before murdering him. Whatever the precise details of the attack were, Ó hUigin undoubtedly met a violent death.

Descendants
Tadgh Dall had a daughter, Máire. His son, Tadg Óg Ó hÚigínn, who was nine years old when his father was killed by members of the Ó hEadhra sept, inherited his father's lands at Dooghorne in Achonry. Tadg Óg's grandson, Pól Ó hUiginn ( - 1724) was a scholar who was ordained as a Catholic priest in 1668 in Rome. Returning to Ireland, he served as a parish priest, but by 1680 had converted to Protestantism. He was a preacher of Irish language sermons at the Trinity College Dublin Chapel, and later vicar for eight Church of Ireland parishes in County Tipperary until he died in 1724.

Family tree
   Tadhg, d. 1315
   |
   |
   ?
   |
   |
   Tadhg, d. 1391 = Áine
                  |
   ___|_
   |                    |
   |                    |
   Fearghal Ruadh       Tadg Óg Ó hUiginn (died 1448)
                        |
                        |
                        |
               [some generations]
                        |
                        |
                        |
                     Brian Óge
                        |
                        |
                    Maolhmuire
                        |
                        |___
                        |                          |
                        |                          |
                   Mathghamhain                    Gilla Coluim, d. 1587.
                        |
  __|_
  |                           |                      |
  |                           |                      |
  Tadgh Dall, d. 1591   Maol Muire, d. 1590.  Tomultach Óg?
  |
  |
  |                             |
  |                             |
  Tadg Óg Ó hUiginn, b. 1582.   Máire (d. 1591?)
  |
  |
  ?
  |
  |
  Pol, 1628? - 1724

See also
 Tadhg Mór Ó hUiginn
 Maol Sheachluinn na n-Uirsgéal Ó hUiginn

Notes

References

Further reading
 The bardic poems of Tadhg Dall Ó hUiginn (1550–1591), Eleanor Knott (ed.), London, 1920 and 1926.
 Volume 2
 Volume 22
 An appeal for a guarantor, Pádraig A. Bhreatnach, Celtica 21 (1990), 28-37, esp. pp. 32–33

External links
 Search of ancestors by surname, irishtimes.com; accessed 4 December 2014.
 Gleanings from Irish manuscripts, National Library of Scotland; accessed 4 December 2014.

1550s births
1590s deaths
16th-century Irish-language poets
Irish satirists
Writers from County Sligo
Year of birth uncertain
Year of death uncertain
Place of birth unknown
Place of death unknown
Gaels


Russell Johnston (born 10 February 1960) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for  in the Victorian Football League (VFL) and Port Adelaide in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL).

Early years
Russell was originally from Casterton Football Club in the Western District Football League, Victoria.

Collingwood (1980)
In 1980 Johnston was recruited by Collingwood. He made his debut in Round 3 of the 1980 VFL season against Hawthorn at Princes Park. At the end of the season Johnston was delisted by Collingwood.

Port Adelaide (1981–1990)
Johnston joined SANFL club Port Adelaide in 1981. A member of Port's 1981 premiership team, Johnston was appointed club captain in 1986. He missed the 1988 Grand Final win due to suspension but captained Port Adelaide to premierships the next two seasons. Johnston's performance in the 1989 Grand Final earned him a Jack Oatey Medal, to go with the Port Adelaide 'Best and Fairest' which he also won that year.

Johnston represented South Australia in six interstate matches during his career.

Honours
In 2000 Johnston was named as first ruckman in Port Adelaide's official Greatest Team, which took into account all players since 1870.

References

1960 births
Living people
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (state)
Collingwood Football Club players
Port Adelaide Football Club (SANFL) players
Port Adelaide Football Club players (all competitions)
Casterton Football Club players
South Australian State of Origin players
People from Casterton, Victoria


Residenzplatz is a large, stately square in the historic centre (Altstadt) of Salzburg in Austria. Originally named Hauptplatz, it is now named after the Alte Residenz (Old Residence) of the Prince-Archbishops of Salzburg. It is one of the city's most popular places to visit.

The Residenzplatz is enclosed by Salzburg Cathedral (Salzburger Dom) to the south and the Alte Residenz to the west. To the east is the  (New Residence), a Renaissance building erected from 1588 onwards, with its prominent bell tower. Several historic private houses (Bürgerhäuser) frame the square to the north, among them the temporary home of the Baroque painter Johann Michael Rottmayr at No. 2, where he stayed while creating the ceiling frescoes in the Alte Residenz around 1690.  The adjacent Mozartplatz leads to Salzburg Museum.

History
The Residenzplatz was laid out from 1587 onwards at the behest of Prince-Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau, after he ordered the abandonment of the cemetery of the former monastery that previously lay to the north of Salzburg Cathedral. Remnants of the medieval cemetery were recently discovered underneath the square's surface. Raitenau also had a large number of private houses demolished to provide space. Then called Hauptplatz (Main Square), the new public plaza coincided with the reconstruction of Salzburg Cathedral, according to plans laid out by the Italian architect Vincenzo Scamozzi.

Currently, the square is about to be refurbished, including a new paving and a monument commemorating a Nazi book burning conducted at the site on 30 April 1938.

Fountain

The Residenzbrunnen in the centre of the square was designed by Tommaso di Garona and erected between 1656 and 1661. The upper basin is topped by a Triton statue ejecting the waters upwards. It is made of Untersberg limestone (Untersberger Marmor). It is considered the largest Baroque fountain in Central Europe.

Events
The square hosts regular events:
Open air cinema: Every summer in July and August the square is transformed into an open-air cinema. Typically, taped performances of the Salzburg Festival are shown
Annual kermesse (Kirtag) celebrating the feast of Saint Rupert on September 24
Salzburg Christmas market during Advent.

In the 1980s and 1990s, several rock concerts by Joe Cocker, Tina Turner, Neil Young, and others were held on Residenzplatz.

References

Streets in Salzburg
Tourist attractions in Salzburg

External Links


This article contains a list of British Indians members of the Indian Civil Service (ICS) in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

1855–1899

1900–1947

References

Civil servants


A finite wing is an aerodynamic wing with tips that result in trailing vortices. This is in contrast to an infinite wing. According to John D. Anderson, Jr., finite wings experience 3-dimensional effects of airflow not experienced by infinite airfoils: downwash and induced drag.

References

Aircraft wing design


This article lists rankings of semiconductor equipment suppliers by sales (in US-Dollar).

Definition
An IC equipment supplier's revenue is classified as sales of systems used to manufacture semiconductors, thin-film heads, MEMS, and integrated circuits, as well as service, support, and retrofitted systems (flat panel displays are not included).

Sources
A number of industry sources of data exist. Former VLSI Research, which is now part of TechInsights, provide yearly (priced) data insights.

Sales Rankings (Years)

2021
COVID-19 impacted the supply chain of equipment manufacturers. However, ASML and Applied Materials "jumped" above the $20B and Lam Research and TEL cleared the $16B mark.

2017
Source: Unknown (likely: VLSI Research)

2016
Source : VLSI Research Inc supplied rankings for 2016

2013
Source : Gartner, Inc. supplied rankings for 2013

2011
Source : VLSI Research Inc supplied rankings for 2011

2009
Source : VLSI Research Inc supplied rankings for 2009

2008
Source : VLSI Research Inc supplied rankings for 2008

2007
Source : VLSI Research Inc supplied rankings for 2007

2006
Source : VLSI Research Inc supplied rankings for 2006

Additional information
 (1) Agilent Technologies spun off their semiconductor test business to Verigy in June 2006.Verigy's total revenues for 2006 also included part of semiconductor testing from Agilent Technologies for the first half of 2006.

Secondary semiconductor equipment providers

In addition to the market leaders listed above, there is a large market for used or secondary semiconductor equipment. A number of companies provide secondary semiconductor equipment and/or refurbish semiconductor tools. For example, RED Equipment ($50M+ sales in 2011) provides secondary semiconductor equipment, parts and services including equipment remarketing, de-installation, relocation, refurbishment, and installation. Whereas other companies provide some of these services or services for particular tool sets, RED Equipment is unique in that it works on a turnkey 'project process', providing the full range of services for virtually all 200mm tool sets.

See also
SEMI
Semiconductor foundry sales leaders by year
Semiconductor fabless sales leaders by year
Semiconductor device fabrication
Semiconductor industry
Transistor count

References

Lists of companies by revenue
Lists of manufacturers


Rod Johnson may refer to:

 Rod Johnson (footballer) (1945–2019), English retired football player
 Rod Johnson (politician), former Oregon state legislator
 Rod Johnson (programmer), founder of the Spring Framework, an open source application framework for Java

See also
 Rodney Johnson (disambiguation)


Novia, Esposa y Amante (English: Girlfriend, wife and lover) is a Mexican motion picture categorized as drama and romance film released in 1980.

Synopsis
A wealthy young woman studies acting and meets a young film director who offers an independent film starring. Time goes by and they form a couple, but she realizes that he has no interests and aims to be the same thing in life. At the same time, she meets another film director and falls in love with him and then they get married. This man is a former partner of a strong woman who ends up hitting the girl. When her father dies, a friend offers her to take her away from her husband and offers her financial help. This relationship is transformed into an affair.

Cast
 Pedro Armendáriz, Jr. → Esteban Ampudia
 Raúl Ramírez → Rodolfo Morales
 Mónica Prado → Irene
 Guillermo Capetillo → Juan
 Carlos East → Sr. Mendoza
 Daniela Romo → Laura Mendoza
 Víctor Junco → Ingeniero
 Marcelo Villamil → Painter

External links

1980 films
1980s Spanish-language films
1980 romantic drama films
Mexican romantic drama films
1980s Mexican films


The Brina apple is an apple cultivar that was first developed in the Italy in the 1979s by open pollination PRI 2059-101 apples.

The cultivar is resistant to scab. It has a spreading habit with intermediate vigor; full flowering season is medium-late and production is heavy. The fruit is medium or medium-large with a smooth skin, white lenticels, and no russet. It has excellent taste characteristics. Its ripening time: I decade of October, in Trentino A.A. (I).

External links
Brina profile
Picture

Apple cultivars
Trentino


SS Empire Metal was the name of two steamships in the service of the British Government.

 , built by Furness Shipbuilding Company, and launched as Empire Metal in 1941. She was transferred to the Royal Fleet Auxiliary and completed as , a  fleet tanker.
 , built by Harland & Wolff Ltd. Sunk at Bône, Algeria on 2 January 1943.

Ship names


The Kathia is a Jat Muslim tribe of Pakistani Punjab. Many leaders of Kathia tribe were main participants in the Indian Rebellion of 1857 led by Rai Ahmad Khan Kharal.

Present Circumstances
Today, they are mainly scattered around bank of River Ravi and Chenab. Here they are politically active and contest on different seats of National and Provincial Assemblies. Even today their main source of income depends on agricultural and cattle farming and are regarded as respectable Zamindars of their areas.

References

Muslim communities of India


Tang Wing-Cheung  (; 20 June 1916 – 20 April 1997), better known by his stage name Sun Ma Sze Tsang (), was a Cantonese opera singer and actor in Hong Kong.

Career
Born in Shunde, Guangdong, China, his parents divorced when he was eight. His father, Tang Kei, was a gambling and Cantonese opera addict. He moved to Hong Kong with his mother, Lo Lin, after she had divorced his father. His mother worked as a maid and was often bullied. Tang later left home to learn Cantonese opera.

Tang impressed the Cantonese opera industry by his stunning performance that resembled Ma Sze-Tsang, a famous Cantonese opera singer. His teacher gave him the stagename Sun Ma Sze Tsang, meaning 'New Ma Sze-Tsang'. Sun Ma Sze Tsang became very famous for his singing technique. He later became pupils of Sit Kok-Sin, Kai Chiao-tien and other famous Chinese opera singers in Shanghai. From then on his career flourished and he went on to become a film star, while continuing to perform in Cantonese operas. His film debut was in 1936.

Scientists wanted to study his skeleton to understand how people with a small frame like him could hit ultra-high notes. Sun Ma Sze Tsang refused when he was alive, and his family never approved of it.

Charity
Sun was a charitable man who had attended the Tung Wah Charity Show for many years, performing his hits like Man Ok Yan Wai Shou, Emperor Kuang-hsu Mourns Consort Zhen. His performances garnered huge amount of donations and were seen by TVB, the largest Hong Kong TV station, as the most important performance in the Tung Wah Charity Show. He, therefore, gained the nickname of 'Opera King of Charity' (慈善伶王) in Hong Kong.

Honorary professorship and honour
Sun Ma Sze Tsang was appointed, in 1977, an honorary professor of the University of Cambridge. In 1978, he was made a Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (MBE).

Death
Sun Ma Sze Tsang suffered from bronchitis and heart diseases. There is an rumour that he was the last man in Hong Kong who had a special license to smoke opium. Sun Ma Sze Tsang died in hospital on 20 April 1997 at 8:30 pm after staying in hospital for 109 days. After his death, his sons, including TVB artist Johnny Tang, fought a court battle with their birth mother, Hung Jin-Mui, over their father's assets.

References

External links
 HK cinemagic entry

Hong Kong male Cantonese opera actors
Hong Kong male film actors
1916 births
1997 deaths
People from Foshan
Male actors from Guangdong
Members of the Kuomintang
20th-century Hong Kong male actors
20th-century Chinese male singers
Chinese male film actors
20th-century Hong Kong male singers
20th-century Chinese male actors
Chinese emigrants to British Hong Kong


Horacio Bocaranda is a Venezuelan–American television and film director, also known as Steve Bocaranda or Steve Horacio Bocaranda.

Bocaranda began studying Broadcasting in 1985 at the California State University, Los Angeles and started working for television station KRCA channel 22, Los Angeles, in the early 1990s, then worked for television station Channel 62 in the 1990s. He has worked in several US television stations as well as radio.  On Univision, he worked in "El Gordo y La Flaca" a daily show, and made several TV commercials, including Ingles Sin Barreras.

He received several recognition. He won Orquidea's Gold  Director Destacado (Director Prize) and is considered one of the best Venezuelan film director by his colleagues.

Director of commercials

He acted not only as director but also as actor and publisher, with more than 1300 commercials ones for the United States and Latin America.

 Codetel International
 Verizon
 Blackstone
 Univision
 Telemundo
 Telefutura
 Canal 41 (America TEVE)
 Canal 22 (WDLP)

Television work - Producer

 Producer, Billboard Music Awards (NBC)
 Producer, Quién tiene la razón (Oakland Entertainment)
 Producer,  Jose Luis sin censura (KRCA Canal 62 Los Angeles)
 Producer,  Al Rojo Vivo (Telemundo)
 Producer,  La Corte del Pueblo (Telemundo)
 Producer,  Que Buena TV (Con El Carnalillo) (KRCA Canal 62 Los Angeles)
 General Producer, Agua y Chocolate (Hispanic TV Network)
 General Producer,  A Tu Salud (Hispanic TV Network)
 General Producer,  Marta Susana, Venevision Internacional
 General Producer,  Maria Elvira Confronta (America TEVE Canal 41 Miami)
 General Producer,  Maria Elvira Confronta (WDLP Canal 22 Miami)

TV Announcer

 Al Rojo Vivo (Telemundo)
 Que Bodas (Gordo Y La Flaca, Univision)
 Marta Susana, Venevision International)
 Wow El Programa TV, Bocaranda Show Productions, Inc.
 Wow Podcast, 2004. Bocaranda Show Productions, Inc.
 The News Podcast En Español, 2004. Bocaranda Show Productions, Inc.
 Audio y Video Podcast, 2005. Bocaranda Show Productions, Inc.
 Arroz Con Mango, 2006. Bocaranda Show Productions, Inc.
 Nissan. Bocaranda Show Productions, Inc.
 Comerciales, Bocaranda Show Productions, Inc.
 Comerciales, Hard Rock Cafe

Filmography - Director

 The Celibacy (2010)
 Imigrantes (2004)
 My lover (2003)
 Los Caminos difíciles (2001)
 La Magia (1999)

Latin Grammy Awards

In 2009 Horacio Bocaranda was a judge for the Latin Grammy Awards in the category of Film/TV/Media and as of today he is a member of "The Recording Academy".

External links

 The Celibacy
 Learn Film
 Univision

 Videos
 Podsonoro
 Hard Rock Cafe

American film directors
American film producers
Spanish-language film directors
American humanitarians
1965 births
Living people
Venezuelan emigrants to the United States
People from Valencia, Venezuela


Vi ere en Nation, vi med (English: We are a nation, we as well) is a poem written by Norwegian poet Henrik Wergeland.  Adapted as the lyrics of the Patriotic song "Smaagutternes Nationalsang,(English: National Song), the text express a desire that Norwegian Constitution Day also should be a day for the children. The most commonly used melody for the song might have been written by French Classical-period composer, André Grétry, but this has not been confirmed.

References

Other sources
Flom, George T. Scandinavian Studies and Notes (General Books LLC. 2012))
Grøndahl, Illit  Henrik Wergeland, the Norwegian poet (BiblioBazaar, 2009)

Other Reading
(In Norwegian)
Koht, Halvdan  Henrik Wergeland (BiblioBazaar. 2009)
Seip, Karl En liten visebok for hjemmet (Oslo: Aschehoug. 1929)
Ustvedt, Yngvar Henrik Wergeland: en biografi (Tiden Norsk Forlag. 1975)

External links
Vi ere en Nation, vi med  (no.wikisource.org)
Henrik Wergeland (Store norske leksikon)
Henrik Wergeland (Dokumentasjonsprosjektet)
Smaagutternes Nationalsang

Norwegian poems
Norwegian patriotic songs
Norwegian anthems
Year of song unknown


George Hugh Macdonell (February 10, 1851 – April 1, 1920) was a contractor and political figure in Ontario, Canada. He represented Algoma in the House of Commons of Canada from 1891 to 1896 as a Conservative member.

He was born in Toronto, Canada West, the son of Duncan Macdonell, and was educated in Williamstown and at Bishop's College in Lennoxville, Quebec. He continued his education in the military schools of Montreal and served with Colonel Garnet Wolseley in the Red River Expedition. Macdonell operated a warehouse in Montreal for several years. He was then hired by contractors working on the Canadian Pacific Railway, later going into business on his own and moving to Port Arthur. In 1876, Macdonell married Eliza McCracken. Macdonell was also involved in mining and was an insurance agent. Macdonell was mayor of Port Arthur from 1886 to 1888. He ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the Ontario assembly in 1890. Macdonell defeated Daniel Francis Burk in the 1887 federal election but was defeated by Albert Dyment when he ran for reelection to the House of Commons in 1896. His wife, Eliza died in 1893.

He was elected Port Arthur mayor again in 1900 but left to pursue business interests in Manitoba. Later, he was named Dominion Lands Agent for Medicine Hat and then Lethbridge.

George Hugh Macdonnell died in Lethbridge on April 1, 1920. He was buried at the Lethbridge Cemetery.

Electoral record

References

Prominent men of Canada a collection of persons distinguished in professional and political life ... (1892), GM Adam
 F. Brent Scollie, Thunder Bay Mayors & Councillors 1873-1945 (Thunder Bay Historical Museum Society, 2000), 100-101.

1851 births
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Ontario
Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942) MPs
Mayors of Port Arthur, Ontario
Bishop's University alumni
1920 deaths


ME Bank, also known as ME, is an Australian direct bank based in Melbourne. ME Bank no longer has branches in Sydney, Brisbane, Adelaide, Perth, Hobart, Canberra and Darwin. It became a subsidiary of Bank of Queensland in July 2021.

Founded in 1994 as Super Member Home Loans (SMHL) by Australia's industry superannuation funds, SMHL became Members Equity Bank in 1999, and received a banking licence from the Australian Prudential Regulatory Authority (APRA) in July 2001 and was approved by APRA to act as an authorised deposit-taking institution, authorised to accept deposits from the public.

Initially founded to offer access to home loan products, ME Bank today offers a range of low-cost banking products including home loans, savings accounts, credit cards, term deposits, and transaction accounts.

History
Industry Funds Services (IFS) was founded in 1994 by a group of industry super funds.

Also in 1994, Super Member Home Loans (SMHL) was launched by the ACTU in partnership with National Mutual (later to become Axa). The primary focus of SMHL was on providing home loans to Australian members of industry super funds.

In 1998, SMHL achieved $1 billion in funds under management; and in 1999, IFS entered into an agreement with AXA to establish a 50/50 joint venture company. In 2000, IFS and Axa launched Members Equity Bank Limited, that offered other banking products as well as home loans. Members Equity Bank obtained an Australian banking licence in July 2001, and was approved to act as an authorised deposit-taking institution, authorised to accept deposits from the public.

In 2002, AXA withdrew from the joint venture, and Members Equity Bank became 100% owned by industry super funds.

In 2003, Members Equity Bank obtained a financial services licence and began offering financial services, in addition to bank deposit accounts. Also in 2003, the bank achieved $10 billion in funds under management.

In 2009, Members Equity Bank was re-branded to "ME Bank", and in 2015, 'ME Bank' was shortened to 'ME'.

IFS continues to provide fee-for-service financial planning advice for members of industry super funds.

In July 2021, the 26 industry superannuation funds that owned ME Bank, including AustralianSuper, UniSuper, Cbus, HESTA and Hostplus sold the bank to Bank of Queensland for A$1.325 billion.

Retail banking services
ME Bank offers customers a range of banking products and services, including transaction and savings accounts, home and personal loans, term deposits, and credit cards.

ME Bank operates as a direct bank and has no branch network. Services and support are provided over the phone, through online banking, or by a mobile salesforce of banking managers.

See also

 Banking in Australia
 List of banks
 List of banks in Australia
 List of banks in Oceania

References

Banks of Australia
1994 establishments in Australia
Banks established in 1994
Superannuation in Australia


Emanuel Buchs (born 1962) is a Swiss ski mountaineer, cross-country skier and biathlete.

Biography
Buchs started competition sports at the age of 14 years and became a member of the national "juniors" biathlon team at the age of 16. Four years later he became a member of the national "seniors" team, but had to leave it because of time reasons. He won six Swiss championship of cross-country skiing relay titles.
He competed several times in the Patrouille des Glaciers race, and placed four times first and one time second with his teams. Professionally he is deployed in the 5th Border Guard Corps. He is married with two children and lives in Ulrichen. Together with his wife Marianne and his son Yannick he competed in the Baschi Triathlon in 2007.

Selected results

Biathlon
 1997:
 1st, Swiss Championship relay

Ski mountaineering
 2000:
 1st and course record, Tour de Matterhorn (together with Damien Farquet and Rico Elmer)
 2001:
 4th, Trofeo Mezzalama (together with Damien Farquet and Rico Elmer)

Patrouille des Glaciers

 1990: 1st (international military teams ranking), together with Michel Chesaux and André Rey
 1992: 2nd (international military teams ranking), together with Michel Chesaux and André Rey
 1996: 1st (international military teams ranking), together with Damien Farquet and André Rey
 1998: 1st, together with Pvt E-2 Damien Farquet and Pvt E-2 Rico Elmer
 2000: 1st and course record, together with Pvt E-2 Damien Farquet and Pvt E-2 Rico Elmer

External links
 Interview (German)

References

Swiss male ski mountaineers
Swiss male cross-country skiers
Swiss male biathletes
Swiss military patrol (sport) runners
1962 births
Living people


Scary Godmother: The Revenge of Jimmy is a 2005 computer-animated comedy film and the sequel to Scary Godmother: Halloween Spooktakular (2003). It is based on Jill Thompson's second book in her Scary Godmother series, also named The Revenge of Jimmy. Britt McKillip, Tabitha St. Germain, Brittney Irvin, Garry Chalk, and Scott McNeil reprise their roles, while Richard Warke, Dexter Bell, and Nathan Tipple replace voice actors of characters from the first special.

Despite taking place after the events of Halloween Spooktacular, the character of Jimmy sounds younger than in the first special, due to Alexander Ludwig voicing him in place of Alex Doduk.

Plot
Many Halloweens ago, Hannah's cousin, Jimmy, loved dressing up like a monster until last Halloween when he discovered that monsters are real and fears they will get him again this year; he plans to end Halloween to protect himself, while his friends, Daryl, Bert, and Katie, decide to go trick-or-treating with Hannah while distancing themselves from Jimmy due to his monster paranoia.

On the Fright Side, the Scary Godmother and her assortment of friends (Harry, Mr. Skully Pettibone, Bug-A-Boo, the vampire family of Max, Ruby, and Orson) are planning another annual Halloween party; however, the Fright Side is being affected by Jimmy's actions to end the holiday, such as smashing pumpkins in the pumpkin patch, sneaking into stores to contaminate candy and make costumes flammable, and vandalizing the abandoned spook house Hannah met the Godmother last time with toilet paper, and as this is happening he is slowly turning into an actual devil such as growing pointed ears, a unibrow, a scrunched-up nose, a wide grin and sharp teeth. Hannah successfully gets around these hurdles by making the smashed pumpkin holes serve as mouth, making new treats not involving candy, and imagining the toilet paper on the house as a set of ghost, putting the Fright Side universe back together and stable. Hannah takes Daryl, Bert and Katie to the house, introducing them to the friendly monsters and having them be taken to the party on the Fright Side.

Jimmy has one more plan to spoil the holiday, by stealing the party's Best Costume prize. He is initially successful, stealing the prize while all the guests are dancing. However, Jimmy bursts out loud the pumpkin consists of candy, which is noticed by a food-addicted Harry; a fight between the werewolf and Jimmy ensues, before Bug-A-Boo arrives and scares Jimmy, while Jimmy also makes Bug-A-Boo scream. After Jimmy's fright, Bug-a-Boo explains that he looked really scary, so Scary Godmother announces that Jimmy has won the contest. Jimmy is back to his old self again, and the party continues.

Production
Scary Godmother: The Revenge of Jimmy is based on the second book in Jill Thompson's Scary Godmother series of the same name, which was released in 1998. It was produced in three months by a team of 14 animators using the same keyframe technique as the original special. Five actors from the original special reprise their roles in The Revenge of Jimmy: Tabitha St. Germain as the titular Scary Godmother and Countess Ruby, Britt McKillip as Hannah Marie, Scott McNeil as Mr. Skully Pettibone and Count Max, Garry Chalk as Harry and Bug-A-Boo, and Brittney Irvine as Katie. Four characters had their voice actors replaced, one of them being Jimmy, who was initially voiced by Alex Doduk but in the sequel was performed by Alexander Ludwig. Orson is voiced by Richard Warke replacing Adam Pospisil, Bert is voiced by Dexter Bell taking over Danny McKinnon, and Daryl by Nathan Tipple replacing Noel Callahan.

Release and reception
Scary Godmother: The Revenge of Jimmy was released by Anchor Bay Entertainment to DVD on August 29, 2005, with bonus features such as deleted scenes, storyboards, and interview segments such as a Fright Side Chat. It premiered on Cartoon Network on October 7, at 7:30 PM, and re-aired on the network that month five times (at a later time on October 7, 10, 18, 30, and 31). Halloween Spooktakular also had five airings on the network that month. Like its predecessor, The Revenge of Jimmy became an annual tradition to run on the network during the Halloween season. In Canada, it aired three times on YTV on October 25, 29, and 30 the same year. The special was nominated for Best Animated Production by the Canadian Awards for the Electronic and Animated Arts. It and Halloween Spooktakular were included on Lionsgate's 2014 Kids Halloween 4-Pack that also featured two episodes from other cartoon series ("Eloise's Rawther Unusual Halloween" and "Wubbzy Goes Boo!"). Both Scary Godmother specials became available on the Canadian streaming service Crave in October 2020.

References

External links

2005 television films
2005 films
2005 computer-animated films
Halloween television specials
2005 television specials
Mainframe Studios films
Animated films about Halloween
Animated films based on American comics
Animated films based on children's books
Canadian sequel films
American animated television films
Canadian animated television films
2000s American films
2000s Canadian films


Gary Wayne Shaw (born 13 February 1959) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Collingwood and the Brisbane Bears in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the 1980s.

Queenslander Gary Shaw started at Queensland Australian Football League (QAFL) club Western Districts before moving west to Western Australian Football League (WAFL) club Claremont where he was a premiership player in 1981. In the Grand Final he shared the Simpson Medal with Maurice Rioli of South Fremantle. A 'Best and Fairest' winner in 1982, Shaw represented Western Australia at interstate football.

Shaw, an on baller, crossed to Collingwood in 1983 but struggled to make an impact. He had his best season in 1984 when he kicked 21 goals and took part in their finals campaign. His stint at Brisbane was also unsuccessful.

References

Holmesby, Russell and Main, Jim (2007). The Encyclopedia of AFL Footballers. 7th ed. Melbourne: Bas Publishing.

1959 births
Living people
Collingwood Football Club players
Brisbane Bears players
Claremont Football Club players
Western Magpies Australian Football Club players
Australian rules footballers from Queensland
Australian rules footballers from Brisbane


Satpuli is a town on the Meerut-Pauri highway, located approximately 50 kilometers from Kotdwar and 50 kilometers from Pauri, in Pauri Garhwal district of Uttarakhand.

Location
Satpuli is located on the southern banks of the Nayar (East) river, a kilometer away from the confluence of the Nayar (East) and Nayar (West) rivers. It is also connected to Banghat, which is where the unified Nayar river meets the Ganges River. Satpuli is one of the blocks of the Pauri Garhwal district with its block office at Satpuli town. There is also a hospital by Hans Foundation located at Chamolsain near Satpuli, which is the main pathway to the Pauri Garhwal district. The Satpuli block covers 263 villages.

History
It is said that Satpuli got its name from the fact that it has seven bridges (saat-pul) on its way from Kotdwar. Until a few decades ago, this area was primarily farmland. Gradually, some hut-like shops sprang up on one bank of the river. In 1951 Satpuli experienced a massive flood, leading to loss of life and livestock. Some of the shops and noteworthy buildings, such as the office of G.M.O.U. Pvt. Ltd., were swept away. Later, shopkeepers resettled at the present location. A memorial has been erected at the Hydel power station in the memory of people who died in the great flood of the Nayar River valley. Satpuli is known for its maaccha bhaat (fish curry and rice). It is also a resting place for travelers to have lunch or dinner en route Kotdwar, Pauri, Srinagar, or higher reaches of Nayar valley. Now it is a Town Area.

Infrastructure
The town is growing at a rapid rate and has expanded in an unorganized way leading to garbage, drainage, and sanitary problems which are generally difficult to address in mountains. Nearby villagers come to Satpuli to shop for groceries and other consumables.

Satpuli has four banks: SBI (State Bank of India), Syndicate Bank, Zila Sahkari Bank, and Uttarakhand Gramin Bank. Syndicate Bank opened in 2014 and since then has been the main financial organization for Satpuli and all of the nearby villages. Over the last couple of decades, many army veterans and their families (specifically from Garhwal Rifles), as well as old people, have settled in Satpuli after transferring their pension accounts to the nearby banks.

Satpuli is also emerging as a new institutional area in the district after the establishment of Government Polytechnic College, Degree College, Navodaya Vidyalaya-Khairasaim, Sriverm ITI, Swami Ram Polytechnic-Toli, and some public and private schools like hans sun rise children's academy that also provide free education.

A handful of clinics and hospitals serve the town and the surrounding rural areas like Sri Hans Hospital.

Attractions
Satpuli is an ideal place for angling and fishing as both the Nayar (East) and Nayar (West) rivers are teeming with fish. The variety and number of fish further increase after the confluence of these two rivers. There are freshwater eel (known as Gaid in Garhwali), a local variety of spotted catfish (known as Kaana in Garhwali), and Anchhyaal (a kind of river carp). Crab, river snakes, otters, water birds, and periwinkles can also be seen.

Lansdowne, which is perhaps the calmest, cleanest, and the least crowded hill station, is 30 kilometers away. It is a journey of 1 hour on winding hilly roads, from 2200 feet at Satpuli to 6000 feet at Lansdowne. Lansdowne is also known for its jungle safari.

There are many temples near Satpuli, such as Jwalpa Devi Temple (about 19.2km from Satpuli), Bhuvaneshwari Devi Temple (near the confluence of the Nayar and Ganges rivers), and Bhairav Garhi (a medieval Garhwali fortress and temple at a height of 7200 feet). Satpuli celebrates Ramleela, Grishmotsava, Sharadotsav, and many other festive occasions, which are visited by multitudes of people.

Geography and Climate
At an elevation of 657 meters above sea level (approximately 2200 feet), Satpuli has a warm temperate climate similar to Srinagar and Dehradun. Under the Köppen climate classification, Satpuli has a combination of Subtropical Monsoon (Cwa) and Subtropical Highland (Cwb) climates. Temperature can range from the lowest of -1 (30 F) to a maximum of 45 (113 F) degrees Celsius. March & November are the most pleasant months. January is the coldest month, and June is the warmest. During summer days, due to its altitude, it is just a few degrees cooler than the national capital.

References

External links

 Satpuli's Official Website
 Satellite map of Satpuli
 Satpuli's Website

Cities and towns in Pauri Garhwal district


The 'Summerfree' is an apple cultivar first developed in Italy in the 1990s by crossing 'PRI 1956-6' and 'Ed Gould Golden' apples.
Resistant to apple scab, it has a spreading habit with moderate vigor, the fruit are large with an average weight of 175 g, the skin is smooth, it ripens one to two months before 'Gala', and it has good storage ability.

References

External links
'Summerfree' profile
Picture

Apple cultivars


Lộc Thủy is a commune in Lệ Thủy District, Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam. Local economy is mainly agricultural, rice production and cattle breeding. Lộc Thủy is famous in this district for its Lộc Thủy liquor. The commune is the birthplace of Vietnamese general Võ Nguyên Giáp.

It borders following communes: An Thủy to the north, Phong Thủy to the south, Hồng Thủy to the east, and An Thủy to the west.

References

Communes of Quảng Bình province
Võ Nguyên Giáp


The Conscious Mind: In Search of a Fundamental Theory was published in 1996, and is the first book written by David Chalmers, an Australian philosopher specialising in philosophy of mind. Although the book has been greatly influential, Chalmers maintains that it is "far from perfect", as most of it was written as part of his PhD dissertation after "studying philosophy for only four years".

Summary

Thesis
In The Conscious Mind Chalmers argues that (1) the physical does not exhaust the actual, so materialism is false; (2) consciousness is a fundamental fact of nature; (3) science and philosophy should strive towards discovering a fundamental law of consciousness.

Definitions
psychological consciousness: publicly accessible descriptions of consciousness, such as its neurochemical correlates or role in influencing behaviour.
phenomenal consciousness: experience; something is phenomenologically conscious if it feels like something to be it.
Every mental state can be described in psychological terms, phenomenological terms, or both.

Further clarification
Psychological and phenomenal consciousness are often conflated. Thinkers may purport to have solved consciousness (in the phenomenological sense) when really all they have solved are certain aspects of psychological consciousness. To use Chalmers words: they claim to have solved the "hard problem of consciousness", when really all they have solved are certain "easy problems of consciousness".
Chalmers believes that an adequate theory of consciousness can only come by solving both the hard and easy problems. On top of discovering brain states associated with conscious experience, science must also discover why and how certain brain states are accompanied by experience. This is what Chalmers attempts to do in The Conscious Mind.

Arguments against reductionism
The hard problem is hard, by Chalmers account, because conscious experience is irreducible to lower order physical facts. He supports this conclusion with three main lines of argument, which are summarised below.

Appeals to Conceivability: Chalmers argues that conscious experience can always be "abstracted away" from reductive explanations. This is evidenced by the conceivability and, by extension, logical possibility of philosophical zombies (exact replicas of a person that lack conscious experience). Alternatively, it is conceivable that a "partial zombie" could have been "physically identical", but not "phenomenological identical" to their nonzombie twin (they could have an inverted visible spectrum, for instance).
Appeals to Epistemology: Unlike other forms of knowledge, knowledge of consciousness can only ever be gained through first hand experience. The problem of other minds is evidence of this. Frank Jackson's famous thought experiment Mary's Room demonstrates a similar point. Upon seeing red, Mary gains new information was not entailed by the physical facts alone.
Appeals to Analysis: There are no satisfying reductive accounts of consciousness, and it is not even clear what such a theory would look like. All such accounts suffer from the same core sin: the inability to explain why certain brain states are accompanied by conscious experience.
The conclusion of all these arguments is the same: consciousness is irreducible to physical facts alone.

Against materialism
The only things that are irreducible to lower level facts are fundamental laws of nature (e.g., space and time). Since consciousness is irreducible, Chalmers believes that it, too, is fundamental.

Chalmers accepts that people may be reluctant to accept this conclusion, but notes that people were initially reluctant to accept the fundamental nature of electromagnetism as well. He also accepts that his conclusion sound jarring, but notes that the brute nature of consciousness poses no more a mystery than the brute nature of electromagnetism, gravity, or any other fundamental law.

Constraints
So, just as scientists of the past have sought fundamental laws of gravity and electromagnetism, so too should scientists of the present seek fundamental laws of consciousness. So, after providing the disclaimer that he is "most likely to be entirely wrong", Chalmers puts forward possible ways in which the search for a theory may be constrained:
 Phenomenal Judgements: A theory of consciousness should be able to dispel epiphenominalism without resorting to interactionism (a view which Chalmers rejects).
 The Double-Aspect Principle: Some information must be realised both physically and phenomenologically (i.e., realised both in the mind and brain).
 Structural Coherence: the internal structure of consciousness (structural relations between qualia, such as the red/green blue/yellow axis of colour vision) must be accounted for.
 The Principle of Organisational Invariance: Through the thought experiments of Fading Qualia and Dancing Qualia.[see: Further reading] Chalmers concludes that consciousness and its contents are substrate independent; structurally isomorphic computations must create qualitatively identical experiences regardless of how they are realised.
Similarly, Chalmers puts forward a number of "open questions" that a fundamental theory must answer:
 Why does certain information correspond to certain qualia rather than functionally equivalent qualia?
 What are the relations between spatial representations in the mind and the structure of space itself?
 How do the structures of our sensory and neurological apparatus influence the structure of consciousness?
 What causes the unification of consciousness?
 Why are some bits of information realised in experience while others are not.
Good contenders for a fundamental theory of consciousness would be one that (a) fits the above criteria; (b) is compatible with the data; (c) has predicative power; and (c) is elegant. Though, of course, there will likely be further considerations that arise as science progresses.

Speculation
Chalmers explores a number of possibilities. Chalmers believes that information will invariably play a central role in any theory of consciousness. However, Chalmers is unsure whether or not information will ultimately play a conceptual role or an ontological one. Chalmers further constraints the role of information by concluding that it must only be phenomenally realised if it is physically realised; in other words, the information system must be active (otherwise a computer that's turned off may qualia). So causation may also play a role.

Interestingly, this account of consciousness has predictive power within the realm of quantum theory. Namely, it addresses objections made by the physicist Roger Penrose regarding the many worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics:I do not see why a conscious being need be aware of only "one" of the alternatives in a linear superposition. What is it about consciousnesses that says that consciousness must not be "aware" of that tantalising linear combination of both a dead and a live cat? It seems to me that a theory of consciousness would be needed for one to square the many world view with what one actually observes.Chalmers' earlier account of consciousness is such a theory. This leaves the many-world view undoubtedly the most elegant of all interpretations of quantum mechanics (from a mathematical standpoint), albeit a counterintuitive one.

Reception

The Conscious Mind has had significant influence on philosophy of mind and the scientific study of consciousness, as is evidenced by Chalmers easy/hard problem distinction having become standard terminology within relevant philosophical and scientific fields. Chalmers has expressed bewilderment at the book's success, writing that it has "received far more attention than I reasonably could have expected."

Praise
David Lewis is a proponent of materialism whose views are criticised numerous times throughout The Conscious Mind. Despite this, Lewis praises Chalmers for his understanding of the issue and for leaving his critics with "few points to make" that Chalmers "hasn't made already". Lewis has characterised The Conscious Mind as "exceptionally ambitious and exceptionally successful", considering it "the best book in philosophy of mind for many years."

Steven Pinker has hailed The Conscious Mind as an "outstanding contribution" to consciousness studies, stating that Chalmers argued his thesis "with impeccable clarity and rigor".

Criticism
Patricia and Paul Churchland have criticised Chalmers claim that everything but consciousness logically supervenes on the physical, and that such failures of supervenience mean that materialism must be false. Heat and luminescence, for instance, are both physical properties that logically supervene on the physical. Others have questioned the premise that a priori entailment is required for logical supervenience.

Daniel Dennett has labelled Chalmers a "reactionary", and calls the invocation of philosophical zombies "an embarrassment". By his account, the thought experiment hinges on a "hunch" and begs the question. He argues that the mysterious nature of consciousness amounts to nothing more than a cognitive illusion, and that philosophers ought to drop "the zombie like a hot potato".

Chalmers responds to critics in his 2010 book The Character of Consciousness and on his website.

Book reviews
The Conscious Mind has been reviewed in journals such as  Foundations of Physics, Psychological Medicine, Mind, The Journal of Mind and Behavior, and Australian Review of Books. The book was described by The Sunday Times as "one of the best science books of the year."

See also

 Philosophy of Mind
 The Mind-Body Problem
 Explanatory gap
 Problem of other minds
 Brain in a vat
 What is it Like to be a Bat?
 Qualia
 Supervenience
 Philosophical Zombie
 Neutral monism
 Chinese Room
 Meditations on First Philosophy
 Consciousness Explained

Notes

References

Citations

Sources

Further reading
 Papers on Consciousness David Chalmers
 Absent Qualia, Fading Qualia, and Dancing Qualia David Chalmers
 What is it Like to be a bat? Thomas Nagel
 Consciousness (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
 Two-Dimensional Semantics (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)

1996 non-fiction books
Books by David Chalmers
English-language books
Oxford University Press books
Philosophy books
Metaphysics of mind
Works about consciousness


The World Human Powered Vehicle Association is dedicated to promoting the design and development of human-powered vehicles. Its main focus is coordinating between national HPV clubs with regard to competitions and records. The WHPVA also supports the Human Power eJournal, with a broader focus including stationary uses of human power.

History
The WHPVA was originally called the IHPVA (International Human Powered Vehicle Association), which was founded in 1976 in the USA and was for many years an association of individual members. In 1997 the IHPVA was reorganized into an international association with national organizations as members and an American association which adopted the name Human Powered Vehicle Association HPVA.

Due to conflicts regarding record keeping and copyrights, the HPVA left the IHPVA in 2004. In 2008 the HPVA decided to rename itself to IHPVA while the IHPVA of this time decided to keep its name, resulting in two organizations with the same name.

In a hostile takeover, the American IHPVA also seized control of the domain name ihpva.org away from the international IHPVA. The IHPVA tried to regain its domain by appealing to the ICANNs ombudsman but was unsuccessful and in 2009 itself renamed to WHPVA.

WHPVA records
The WHPVA maintains speed and distance records for various times and distances for land, water and air vehicles. The best hour record is currently held by Francesco Russo of Switzerland with a total distance of . Since 2009, this recordbase has forked from the previously identical one of the IHPVA.

External links
 World International Human Powered Vehicle Association Site
 Human Power eJournal
 National member organisations:
Australia: ozhpv.org.au
Belgium: hpv.be
Denmark: cyklistforbundet.dk
Finland: hpv-finland.org
France: france-hpv.org
Germany: hpv.org
Great Britain: bhpc.org.uk
Italy: propulsioneumana.it
Netherlands: ligfiets.net
Sweden: trampkraft.se
Switzerland: futurebike.ch
Ukraine: hpv.com.ua

Human-powered vehicles
Cycling organizations


Israel Chamber Orchestra (abbreviation ICO, Hebrew: התזמורת הקאמרית הישראלית) (Hatizmoret hakamerit) is an Israeli orchestra based in Tel Aviv. Primary funding comes from the Israel Ministry of Education and the Tel Aviv-Yafo Municipality.

History
Gary Bertini founded the orchestra in 1965 and was its first artistic director, for 10 years.  The ICO's first US appearance was in New York in 1969.  Luciano Berio was the ICO's artistic director in 1975.  Rudolf Barshai led the ICO from 1976 to 1981.  Other leaders of the orchestra have included Uri Segal, Yoav Talmi (1984-1988), and Shlomo Mintz (1989-1993).  Philippe Entremont was artistic director from 1995 to 1998, and is now the ICO's conductor laureate.

Noam Sheriff was the ICO's music director from 2002 to 2005.  Gil Shohat succeeded Sheriff as artistic director and chief conductor from 2005 to 2008.  In 2009, Roberto Paternostro was appointed as the ICO's musical adviser, and Elizabeth Wallfisch was named the orchestra's baroque program adviser.  In February 2013, Yoav Talmi returned to the ICO as its music director, but resigned in 2014. Since 2015 the orchestra is led by the conductor Ariel Zuckermann.

The ICO has recorded with such labels as Chandos, Naxos (music of Alberto Ginastera), Musicmasters, Koch and Teldec (music of Schoenberg and Tchaikovsky).

See also
Music of Israel
Culture of Israel

References

External links

 8593 Chandos CHAN 8593, information on ICO recording of Ernest Bloch, Samuel Barber, Edvard Grieg, and Giacomo Puccini string works
 Naxos 8.572249, information on Ginastera recording

Israeli orchestras
Musical groups established in 1965
Centaur Records artists


Arcade Smash Hits is a video game compilation of published by Virgin Games in 1992 for the Master System. It is a compilation of three games in one cartridge, all of which were originally released in arcades by Atari, Inc. The games are Breakout (1976), Centipede (1980),  and Missile Command (1980). They have significant graphical upgrades over the originals. The visuals in Breakout look more like Arkanoid.(1986).

Reception

The compilation was negatively reviewed by Mean Machines magazine mainly for the slow responsiveness of the games and the lack of new features.

Legacy
In 1996, Sega released a similar collection for the Genesis and Game Gear called Arcade Classics, but with Pong instead of Breakout.

References

External links

1992 video games
Sega video games
Master System games
Master System-only games
Atari video game compilations
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Video games scored by Matthew Simmonds


Cape Grafton is a cape located to the north-east of Cairns in Queensland, Australia. The cape was named by Lieutenant James Cook during his first voyage of discovery in 1770. It was named after Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton, the British prime minister when Cook sailed. Cook set anchor two miles from the shore and briefly inspected the cape with botanists Joseph Banks and Daniel Solander.

The Aboriginal community of Yarrabah is located here.  It was founded by John Gribble in 1892.

The cape provides protection to an extensive population of mangroves in the south of Trinity Bay.

History
Gunggay (also known as Gunggandji, Kongandji, Kongkandji, Gungganyji, Idindji and Yidiny) is an Aboriginal language of Far North Queensland. The Gunggay language region of Cape Grafton includes the landscape within the local government boundaries of the Cairns Regional Council and Yarrabah Community Council.

References

Grafton
Landforms of Far North Queensland


Parisi Industries, Inc. is a family-owned stuffed toy factory that resided in Brooklyn, NY.

Frank Parisi, a Sicilian US immigrant that arrived in the 1920s, made Kewpie dolls and later opened a business in Manhattan called Modern Stuffed Toys, which manufactured stuffed animals out of rabbit fur. Later in the 1950s, Parisi's five sons opened their own business. All five of Parisi's sons had a talent for sewing, but each assumed distinctive roles in the operation of their new business; Tony was head of sales, Sam supervised cutting, Herb was in shipping and receiving. Herb's twin, Jimmy, who died in 1974, was production chief. Joe, the eldest brother, was in sales before he retired. Tony and Sam were the creative team, even though neither had any former training in toy design. Sam Parisi states that "When you grow up in a business, you automatically pick it up."

In 1966, the Parisi's relocated their business to East New York. Parisi Industries took in over $1 million a year during their best years. Parisi was one of the largest stuffed toy makers in Brooklyn and opened its doors in 1955. Due to the low cost of imports from places such as China and Haiti, Parisi, like many other in their industry, were driven to close their doors. In 1995, Parisi was seeking a buyer for its struggling business.

Notes

Toy inventors


The 2009–10 season was Brisbane Roar's fifth season in the A-League. For the first time, Brisbane Roar was not the sole representative from the state of Queensland, being joined by Gold Coast United and North Queensland Fury. The addition of the new clubs and a change of ownership of the Roar have led to the club changing its name from Queensland Roar to Brisbane Roar. The change of ownership also brought about notable changes in the clubs' administrative ranks. Peter McLennan became CEO in place of the retiring Lawrence Oudendyk, while Chris Bombolas took the role of club chairman in June, which had been vacant since the departure of John Ribot in March 2008. Brisbane Roars owners increased membership and ticket prices leading to a decrease in crowd figures for the 2009–10 A-league season.

Managers
 Frank Farina – (Suspended on 10 October 2009. Sacked on 14 October 2009)
 Rado Vidosic – (10 October 2009 – 15 October 2009; caretaker)
 Ange Postecoglou – (16 October 2009 – 3 May 2012)

Squad lineup for 2009/10

Transfers

Injury replacement players used
The following players were signed by the club to cover for long term injuries and players unavailable to International commitments (such as the 2009 FIFA U-20 World Cup).
 Robbie Kruse – Signed to cover for injury to Massimo Murdocca (Signed for Melbourne Victory.)
 Ivan Franjic – Signed to cover for loss of Luke DeVere to 2009 FIFA U-20 World Cup. Upon DeVere's return, Franjic was instilled as the injury replacement player for Henrique
 Calum O'Connell – Signed to cover injury to Andrew Packer
 Mario Karlovic – Signed to cover for injury to Massimo Murdocca following the departure of Kruse.
 Vedran Janjetović – Signed to cover injury to Liam Reddy

Pre-season
After last years initial success, the Roar Roadshow continues with fan days and trial matches against various clubs in the Brisbane area. However, drought-breaking rains in the South East took their toll, with multiple games cancelled or postponed due to waterlogged pitches.
Queensland Roars Against Racism again, with Scottish giants Celtic F.C. becoming the highest profile club to ever challenge for the international invitational Translink Cup.
The A-League Pre-Season Challenge Cup has been abolished, allowing A-League clubs to organize their own pre-season fixtures with one another.

2009–10 Hyundai A-League

Goalscorers

Squad statistics

Statistics accurate as of match played 11 October 2009. Some stats not available on Roar website.

Players with a * next to their number have all been released from the club

Ladder

References

2009-10
2009–10 A-League season by team