Eric Ferguson (born 12 February 1965) is a Scottish former footballer who played as a striker.

Ferguson joined Rangers from Gairdoch United. He went on loan to Clydebank and Southampton, before joining Dunfermline permanently. A second loan spell with Clydebank followed, then moves to Raith Rovers and Cowdenbeath. Ferguson then transferred to Australia to play for Blacktown City in the National Soccer League.

References

External links
Eric Ferguson at Aussie Footballers

1965 births
Living people
Clydebank F.C. (1965) players
Dunfermline Athletic F.C. players
Raith Rovers F.C. players
Cowdenbeath F.C. players
Southampton F.C. players
Rangers F.C. players
Men's association football forwards
Scottish Football League players
Scottish men's footballers
Footballers from Fife
Scottish expatriate sportspeople in Australia
Scottish expatriate men's footballers
National Soccer League (Australia) players
Expatriate men's soccer players in Australia
Blacktown City FC players


Miguel Ángel Espínola Jiménez (born 5 April 1974) is a Spanish retired professional footballer who played as a right back.

Club career
Born in Guadix, Province of Granada, Espínola played mostly in his native Andalusia. In his first decade as a senior he represented Guadix CF, Motril CF, Manchego CF, UD Almería, Real Balompédica Linense, Recreativo de Huelva and Algeciras CF.

With Recre, Espínola competed in La Liga in 2002–03, starting in 28 of his 31 appearances as the season ended in relegation for the oldest club in Spain. On 15 December 2002, he scored his only goal to put the visitors ahead 2–0 at Real Madrid, but his team eventually finished with ten men and lost 4–2, with him being placed as a goalkeeper following José Antonio Luque's dismissal and not being able to stop the subsequent penalty by Luís Figo.

In 2004–05, Espínola played in Scotland for Clyde. He returned to his homeland in the summer of 2005, for one final campaign with Granada CF in Tercera División.

References

External links

1974 births
Living people
Spanish men's footballers
Footballers from Andalusia
Men's association football defenders
La Liga players
Segunda División players
Segunda División B players
Tercera División players
Motril CF players
UD Almería players
Real Balompédica Linense footballers
Recreativo de Huelva players
Algeciras CF footballers
Granada CF footballers
Scottish Football League players
Clyde F.C. players
Spanish expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Scotland
Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Scotland
Sportspeople from the Province of Granada
People from Guadix


Aarne Sihvo (22 November 1889 – 12 June 1963) was a Finnish general and politician.

Biography
Sihvo was born in Virolahti to a family of school teachers: Antti Adolf Sihvo and Minna Elisabeth o.s. Nyman. He graduated from a high school in 1910 and began studying medicine in the Helsinki University.

In 1915 he moved to Germany where he started his military education. During the Civil war in Soviet Russia in 1918 Aarne commanded the front in Karelia between Saimen and Ladoga Lake. His military operations as a part of Karelian army concluded to holding a position south of Vuoksen. His youth, his background as a hunter and his speaking Finnish made him an alternative to Gustaf Mannerheim. But despite his successful initial career he left the Army in 1918 because he couldn't come to terms with German orientation. He was an adherent of Republic unlike with many advocates of monarсhy of his country. Aarne Sihvo had run as a candidate for parliamentary elections in 1919 as a member of the National Progressive Party and won the majority of votes in his district.

He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1919 to 1920, representing the National Progressive Party. He was the Chief of Defence of the Finnish Defence Forces 1926–1933 and 1946–1953. Sihvo was a recipient of the Latvian military Order of Lāčplēsis, 2nd class.

Sihvo died aged 73, in Helsinki. He is buried in the Hietaniemi Cemetery in Helsinki.

References

External links

Finnish Civil War: Aarne Sihvo
Parliament of Finland: Aarne Sihvo
The Finnish Defence Forces: Chiefs of Defence

1889 births
1963 deaths
Burials at Hietaniemi Cemetery
Finnish generals
Finnish military personnel of World War II
Finnish prisoners and detainees
German military personnel of World War I
Members of the Parliament of Finland (1919–1922)
National Progressive Party (Finland) politicians
Military personnel from Viipuri Province (Grand Duchy of Finland)
People from Virolahti
People of the Finnish Civil War (White side)
Prisoners and detainees of Russia
Recipients of the Order of Lāčplēsis, 2nd class


List of speakers of the Løgting of the Faroe Islands. Speaker is the presiding office in Løgting.

Below is a list of office-holders:

References

See also
Politics of the Faroe Islands

Main
Speakers of the Logting of the Faroe Islands
Faroes


Mikhail Yuryevich Lunin (; born 31 May 1978) is a Russian professional football coach and a former player.

Club career
He made his debut in the Russian Premier League in 1999 for FC Uralan Elista. He played one game in the UEFA Cup 2000–01 for PFC CSKA Moscow.

References

1978 births
Living people
Russian men's footballers
FC Dynamo Moscow reserves players
FC Elista players
PFC CSKA Moscow players
FC Fakel Voronezh players
FC Luch Vladivostok players
FC Zhenis players
FC Anzhi Makhachkala players
FC Salyut Belgorod players
FC Chernomorets Novorossiysk players
Russian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Belgium
Expatriate men's footballers in Kazakhstan
Russian Premier League players
Russian expatriate sportspeople in Kazakhstan
Men's association football midfielders
K.R.C. Zuid-West-Vlaanderen players
FC Orenburg players
FC Dynamo Saint Petersburg players
FC Olimp-Dolgoprudny players
FC Sportakademklub Moscow players
FC Spartak-Chukotka Moscow players


Clinton Historic District may refer to:

Old Clinton Historic District, Clinton, Georgia
Clinton Downtown Historic District (Clinton, Indiana)
Downtown Clinton Historic District, Clinton, Massachusetts
Clinton Downtown Historic District (Clinton, Michigan)
Clinton Square Historic District, Clinton, Missouri
Clinton Historic District (Clinton, New Jersey)
Clinton Hill Historic District, New York, New York
Clinton Hill South Historic District, New York, New York
Clinton Street Historic District, Philadelphia

See also
Clinton Avenue Historic District (disambiguation)
Clinton Commercial Historic District (disambiguation)


Karel Havlíček Borovský  is a 1925 Czechoslovak biographical film drama directed by Karel Lamač. It is about Karel Havlíček Borovský and is set during the 1848 revolutions.

Cast
Jan W. Speerger as Karel Havlíček Borovský
Anny Ondra as Fanny Weidenhofferová
Karel Lamač as Frantisek Havlíček
Mary Jansová as Julie Sýkorová
Anna Opplová as Julie's Mother
Otto Zahrádka as Prince Windischgrätz
Robert Ford as Staff Officer
Rudolf Stahl as Staff Officer
Theodor Pištěk as Weidenhoffer / minister Augustin Bach
Max Körner as Newspaper publisher
Běla Horská as Princess Windischgrätz
Eduard Malý as Clerk
Jaroslav Vojta
Antonín Marek

References

External links

1925 films
1920s biographical drama films
Czechoslovak black-and-white films
Biographical films about writers
Biographical films about poets
Biographical films about journalists
Czech silent films
Films directed by Karel Lamač
Films set in 1848
Czechoslovak drama films
Cultural depictions of Czech men
Cultural depictions of writers
Cultural depictions of journalists
Cultural depictions of poets
1925 drama films
Silent drama films


David Plews Coates (born 11 April 1935 in Newcastle upon Tyne) is an English former professional footballer who played for Hull City (1956–60), Mansfield Town (1960–64) and Notts County (1964–67) where he moved on to the coaching staff on retirement as a player. He later coached at Aston Villa, Leicester City, Luton Town and Stoke City. He then moved into scouting, becoming chief scout at Oxford United before performing the same role at Stoke, Plymouth Argyle, Sunderland and Bolton Wanderers. He has also assisted with scouting for Preston North End, Leeds United, Portsmouth, Middlesbrough and Newcastle United.

Coates is  in height and played at inside forward or wing half.

References

1935 births
Living people
English men's footballers
Leicester City F.C. non-playing staff
Bolton Wanderers F.C. non-playing staff
Men's association football midfielders
Footballers from Newcastle upon Tyne


Stuart Richard Beattie (born 10 July 1967) is a Scottish former footballer who played as a defender.

Beattie joined Rangers from Ardeer Recreation Boys Club. He made five league appearances for the club but injuries dogged his progression. He left the club and later joined English side Doncaster Rovers making 26 league appearances and netting his first career goal before retiring in 1989.

References

External links

1967 births
Living people
Scottish men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Rangers F.C. players
Doncaster Rovers F.C. players
Scottish Football League players
English Football League players


Clinton Commercial Historic District is a national historic district located at Clinton, Laurens County, South Carolina.  It encompasses 37 contributing buildings in the central business district of Clinton.   The district predominantly comprises late-19th and early-20th century commercial buildings, and also contains two bank buildings; a five-section warehouse; a former city hall; a large, industrial building; a Masonic temple; and a small, landscaped park.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

References

Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Buildings and structures in Laurens County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Laurens County, South Carolina


Anatopyniini is a tribe of midges in the non-biting midge family (Chironomidae).

Tribes & genera
Genus Anatopynia Johannsen, 1905
A. plumipes (Fries, 1823)

Distribution and ecology
At present A. plumipes is the only species of Anatopynia (Johannsen, 1905) known from the Palearctic. They occur in polluted (eutrophic and hypertrophic) standing waters together with Chironomus gr. plumosus. They are large (compared to the larvae of other Tanypodinae) predators that can ingest large prey (such as Ostracods and Chironomus larvae) in one piece.

References

Tanypodinae
Diptera tribes


Roman Gennadyevich Oreshchuk (; born 2 September 1975) is a Russian professional football official and a former agent and player.

Playing career
He made his debut in the Russian Premier League in 1993 for PFC CSKA Moscow. He played 2 games in the UEFA Cup 2001–02 for FC Chernomorets Novorossiysk.

Post-playing career
He was appointed the sports director of FC Dynamo Moscow on 1 June 2016, and left Dynamo "by mutual consent" on 6 September 2016.

Honours
 Russian Second Division Zone Ural/Povolzhye top scorer: 2003 (23 goals).

References

1975 births
Living people
Russian men's footballers
Russia men's youth international footballers
Russia men's under-21 international footballers
FC Chernomorets Novorossiysk players
PFC CSKA Moscow players
FC Rostov players
Legia Warsaw players
APOEL FC players
Újpest FC players
FC Lada-Tolyatti players
FC Salyut Belgorod players
FC Sokol Saratov players
FC Sodovik Sterlitamak players
Russian Premier League players
Nemzeti Bajnokság I players
Ekstraklasa players
Cypriot First Division players
Russian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Poland
Russian expatriate sportspeople in Poland
Expatriate men's footballers in Cyprus
Russian expatriate sportspeople in Cyprus
Expatriate men's footballers in Hungary
Russian expatriate sportspeople in Hungary
People from Novorossiysk
Men's association football forwards
FC Dynamo Saint Petersburg players
FC Nosta Novotroitsk players
FC Sportakademklub Moscow players
Footballers from Krasnodar Krai
Soviet men's footballers


The , otherwise known as the "Circle One" plan was the first of four expansion plans of the Imperial Japanese Navy between 1930 and the start of World War II.

Background
The London Naval Treaty placed severe restrictions on Japan's naval capabilities vis-a-vis the United States Navy and the British Royal Navy in terms of tonnage and numbers of capital warships. The response of the Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff was to initiate a construction program to build new warships to the allotted tonnage limits in each of the restricted categories, and to invest in types of warships and weaponry not specifically covered by the provisions of the treaty.

The "Circle One" plan was submitted by the Naval Ministry and approved by the Cabinet in November 1930, and officially ratified by the Diet of Japan in 1931. It called for the construction of 39 new combat vessels, centering on four of the new s, and expansion of the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service to 14 Naval Air Groups. Budget for the construction of the warships was on a six-year basis, and the budget for forming the air groups was on a three-year basis. Total funding allotted was 247,080,000 Yen for ship construction and 44,956,000 Yen for naval aviation expansion.

In terms of naval aviation development, the "Circle One" plan also concentrated on the development of new aircraft technologies, especially large seaplanes, land-based bombers, as well as carrier-based attack aircraft and floatplane attack aircraft that could be launched from battleships, cruisers or submarines. Attention was also given to training of pilots and air crews in dive bombing and torpedo tactics.

In a 1932 supplement to the Circle One plan, additional funding was added for the construction of three more vessels: the submarine tender Taigei, and two submarine chasers.

Table of vessels

See also
2nd Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Maru 2 Keikaku, 1934)
3rd Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Maru 3 Keikaku, 1937)
4th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Maru 4 Keikaku, 1939)
Temporal Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Maru Rin Keikaku, 1940)
Rapidly Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Maru Kyū Keikaku, 1941)
Additional Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Maru Tui Keikaku, 1941)
5th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Maru 5 Keikaku, 1941)
6th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Maru 6 Keikaku, 1942)
Modified 5th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Kai-Maru 5 Keikaku, 1942)
Wartime Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Maru Sen Keikaku, 1944)

Notes

References

Imperial Japanese Navy
Naval history of Japan


"We Love You, Conrad" is the fourteenth episode in the seventh season of the American animated television series Family Guy. It originally aired on Fox in the United States on May 3, 2009. In the episode, Brian's ex-girlfriend Jillian is getting married. As he tries to move on, he starts dating The Hills star Lauren Conrad and the media begins raving about their relationship. Brian is starting to think they are the perfect match, but realizes he still has feelings for Jillian.

The episode was written by Cherry Chevapravatdumrong and directed by John Holmquist. Drew Barrymore returned as Jillian, and Lauren Conrad and Audrina Patridge guest starred as themselves. In her second guest appearance on the series, Conrad played a smart version of herself, which she said was fun to do. She took the recording sessions seriously and did not do any improvisation with her lines. The show's staff was ultimately impressed with her performance, and series creator Seth MacFarlane praised her stamina and how prepared she was before the recording sessions. The episode also featured live-action sequences with talk show hosts Jay Leno, Craig Ferguson and Jimmy Fallon.

"We Love You, Conrad" was met with generally positive reviews from critics, who enjoyed the episode and praised the live-action footage, in contrast to the negative reactions towards live-action clips of Conway Twitty from previous episodes. According to Nielsen ratings, "We Love You, Conrad" was watched by 6.67 million viewers in its original airing. The episode was released on DVD along with six other episodes from the season on June 15, 2010.

Plot
The Griffins learn that Brian's ex-girlfriend, Jillian, is marrying "the perfect man in every aspect", Derek. Peter has been asked to walk Jillian down the aisle, and the others are invited except for Brian. As Brian feels like he is being excluded, Stewie invites him to go to dinner at a restaurant with him, Jillian and Derek. During dinner, Brian is upset to find that Derek speaks multiple languages, is a natural athlete and a good masseur and has a large penis. After dinner, he goes to a local bar to drown his sorrows. In a drunken stupor, he meets up with Lauren Conrad, the star of The Hills. However, he does not recognize her until they wake up in the same bed the next morning.

Stewie becomes ecstatic when he meets Lauren, and she invites him and Brian onto the set of the show to watch her. Against Brian's express wishes, Stewie leaks the relationship onto the Internet, resulting in a media circus and the claim that Lauren is a dumb blonde. Attempting to break off the relationship, Brian realizes that Lauren is a well-educated, articulate and rather accomplished woman who hides her intelligence from the public as American society derides intelligent women. In fact, she is one of the most intelligent women he has ever met. Brian invites her for dinner with the family, where Peter and Meg become interested in her accomplishments while Lois is not fond of her lectures. However Brian soon becomes even more uncomfortable with the relationship when he cannot keep up with her intelligence and tries comparing himself to Lauren.

Realizing that Brian had never gotten over his breakup with Jillian, Lauren advises him to see if Jillian still has feelings for him. Stewie suggests Brian date another woman in front of Jillian to make her jealous, but the attempt, with Stewie posing as Brian's date, Desiree, fails, though Stewie enjoys receiving attention from various men. The day before Jillian's wedding, Lauren encourages Brian to let her know about his still-strong feelings for her. Brian crashes the wedding ceremony to passionately profess his love for her. Jillian, however, gently tells Brian that he had his chance and blew it as her soulmate, as she decided to move on and he needs to as well. A sad and lonely Brian watches the couple dance and passionately kiss at the reception. Stewie comforts him and assures him he still has Lauren, but Brian admits that he cannot talk to her as he gave her worms.

Production
The episode was written by Cherry Chevapravatdumrong and directed by John Holmquist. Drew Barrymore returned as Brian's ex-girlfriend Jillian, and The Hills stars Lauren Conrad and Audrina Patridge guest starred as themselves in both cartoon form and live-action form. The episode featured live-action sequences with Jay Leno, Craig Ferguson and Jimmy Fallon from their respective talk shows, The Tonight Show, The Late Late Show and Late Night.
In addition to the major guest stars, actresses Sarah Utterback and Kate Todd guest starred in the episode as Lindsay Lohan and Heidi Montag, respectively. The episode marked Utterback's second appearance on the show, having previously provided the voice for Lohan in the season four episode "The Father, the Son and the Holy Fonz". John Viener, a writer for Family Guy, provided the voice of Jillian's husband, Derek Wilcox. Recurring guest voice actors James Burkholder, Jackson Douglas, Ralph Garman, Camille Guaty, writer Danny Smith, actor André Sogliuzzo, writer Alec Sulkin, and voice actor Wally Wingert also made minor appearances.

The fact that Conrad would guest star on Family Guy was originally announced in October 2008. Creator Seth MacFarlane told Fox News, "I thought it would be funny to see if we could get [Conrad] to read very, very dense historical documents centering around the second World War, [...] Lauren did one scene where she had to read a paragraph on scientific self-analysis, which I thought was funny." The staff was impressed with Conrad's performance, saying that she "took it very seriously." Conrad praised her time at the show, calling it "amazing", and said that "they destroy me in it. I'm totally making fun of myself. [...] It was funny, I had to go over historical facts and like, biology and weird formulas I had no idea about." Conrad explained that she is playing a character on The Hills, "because America likes dumb people", and that "The idea in the episode is that they make fun of me for being dumb, and then discover that I'm actually a genius, [...] It's a more exaggerated version of who I am, but fun to play."

Conrad first met MacFarlane while recording a Laguna Beach: The Real Orange County clip for the season five episode "Prick Up Your Ears". She had watched Family Guy for years and considered Stewie her favorite character. Conrad stuck to the script and did not do any improvisation while recording for this episode. In an interview with People, she revealed that she has no plans on getting into acting, and even calls herself an "awful actor" and admits that she cannot memorize lines. However, she enjoyed recording for this episode and hired an acting coach to help her get through the lines. Even though she enjoyed the experience, she said that "[acting is] not really something I'm interested in." She had to do a lot of research before recording, because "there were a lot of facts and a lot of big words" and she "had to say it as if it was coming to [her] very easily." Her acting coach advised her to learn the lines ahead of time so that if she seemed like she "really understood what [she] was talking about, it would come through a little more true." MacFarlane commented on this, saying, "She made an effort [to understand the text], so let me just put it that way." He ultimately praised her performance, calling it "surprisingly fantastic", and said: "She came in, and she'd prepared before she even arrived. She hired an acting coach, with her own money, and she nailed it. She never once complained, and it was a long session. There was a lot of dialog. Her stamina was astonishing."

Reception and release
In its original broadcast in the United States on May 3, 2009, "We Love You, Conrad" was watched by 6.67 million viewers and was the most watched show in Fox's Animation Domination block that night, beating The Simpsons, American Dad! and King of the Hill. The episode acquired a 3.5 Nielsen rating in the 18–49 demographic, finishing second in its timeslot after ABC's Desperate Housewives. The episode also acquired a 4.4 rating in the 18–34 demographic, finishing first in its timeslot.

The episode received generally positive reviews from television sources and critics. Although the live-action sequences with Conway Twitty from previous episodes were highly criticized, IGN writer Ahsan Haque felt that the live-action footage in this episode "blends in pretty well". Haque praised Barrymore's portrayal of Jillian in the episode, saying that she had "some great comedy moments." He went on to grade the episode 8 out of 10, and said that the live-action footage "seemed to work somehow here, and the storyline took center stage here" and that "you can't argue against an attempt to tell an actual story, and for that reason, this episode's definitely worth watching." Steve Heisler of The A.V. Club praised the live-action footage as well, saying that he "liked the splicing in of late night hosts and their jokes about Brian and [Lauren Conrad], if only to add a certain element of timeliness to the material." Heisler graded the episode B−, the second highest grade of the night. He said that "often Family Guy is unbearable" and "has established a certain style and rhythm, jokes come off as smug", but said that he found himself enjoying the episode "more and more as it went on [...] because it was willing to fully embrace the silliness and ridiculousness of what it was setting up."

The episode, along with the six other episodes from Family Guy'''s seventh season, were released on a three-disc DVD set in the United States on June 15, 2010. The set included brief audio commentaries for most episodes, excluding "We Love You, Conrad", "Stew-Roids", "Quagmire's Baby and "Dog Gone". The set also included a collection of deleted scenes, behind-the-scenes footage from the production of "Road to the Multiverse" and a Family Guy karaoke featurette.

Cultural references
"We Love You, Conrad" includes several pop culture references. When Jillian and Peter are planning the wedding, Peter points out that only the last three words that musician Sting sings are understandable. At the restaurant, Jillian says that her fiancé speaks "Orange", instead of Mandarin. Stewie calls Caitlyn Jenner (then Bruce) an "elegant, beautiful Dutch woman." The Genesis cave from Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan appears in the episode, and the scene is mirrored line for line. The episode depicts The Hills star Spencer Pratt as an orangutan from Planet of the Apes. When Brian, Lauren Conrad and Stewie are watching The Hills, it suddenly cuts to footage from The A-Team. In an attempt to impress Lauren, Brian wears Austin Powers glasses. Stewie wears a "unisex hat," which turns out to be the hat worn by Eliza Doolittle in the film adaptation of My Fair Lady. The episode also makes references to actress Lindsay Lohan and the cartoon character Mr. Magoo. The promotional image for this episode, featuring Brian, Lauren Conrad and Stewie with his woman's disguise, is a parody of an "iconic" The Hills photoshoot with Audrina Patridge, Conrad and Whitney Port. In addition, the title of the episode itself refers to a song from Bye Bye Birdie'', a 1960-Broadway musical and its film adaptation. Lastly, the episode includes a reference to Bill Cosby and Lauren Conrad in a "fake sex tape" made with "state of the art computer animation", in the pursuit of publicity which, Conrad says, "keeps this franchise rolling."

Notes

References

External links

2009 American television episodes
Family Guy (season 7) episodes
The Hills (TV series)


"Sincerità" is the debut single by the Italian singer Arisa and it was released on 18 February 2009. It placed first in the 'Newcomers' section and won the 'Mia Martini' Critics Award in the Sanremo Music Festival 2009.

Charts

Year-end charts

References

2009 debut singles
2009 songs
Arisa songs
Italian-language songs
Number-one singles in Italy
Sanremo Music Festival songs
Songs written by Giuseppe Anastasi
Warner Music Group singles


Clinotanypodini is a tribe of midges in the non-biting midge family (Chironomidae).  It was traditionally known as Coelotanypodini Fittkau, 1962, but sources such as Fauna Europaea now recognize Clinotanypi Lipina, 1928 as having priority.

Tribes & genera
Genus Coelotanypus Kieffer, 1913
Genus Clinotanypus Kieffer, 1913
C. nervosus (Meigen, 1818)

References

Tanypodinae
Nematocera tribes


The Lovers of an Old Criminal ()  is a 1927 Czechoslovak comedy film directed by Svatopluk Innemann.

Cast
Jan W. Speerger as Pardon
Vlasta Burian as  Cyril Pondělíček / Alois Kanibal
Anny Ondra as Fifi Hrazánková (as Anny Ondráková)
Emilie Nitschová as Fifi's Mother
Jiří Hron as  Fifi's Admirer
Betty Kysilková as Štefanie Lesczynská
Věra Hlavatá as Olga Lesczynská
Jindřich Plachta as Kristián
Rudolf Sůva as Alois Pivoňka
František Černý as Gardener
Jarka Pižla as Gardener's Helper
Ladislav H. Struna as Apache
Elsa Vetešníková as Apachewoman
Frantisek Juhan as Fifi's Chauffeur
Ferry Seidl as Doorman

Release
The film was reconstructed in 2008 and re-released in cinemas with live music by Neuvěřitelno in 2015. The film was released on DVD by Czech Film Archive in 2015.

References

External links

1927 films
1927 comedy films
Czechoslovak black-and-white films
Czech silent films
Czechoslovak comedy films
1920s Czech-language films


The Mortlock River is a perennial river located in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia.

Course and features
The headwaters of the river rise near Belmunging then flow in a northerly direction, crossed by the Goldfields Road and continuing in a north-westerly direction to finally flow parallel to the Northam York Road and crossed by the Great Eastern Highway. The river is joined by three minor tributaries; Mortlock River North, Mortlock River East and Meenaar South Creek. The river discharges into the Avon River, just west of Northam. The Mortlock descends  over its  course.

The river is saline and delivers the most salt (approximately  per year) into the Avon River.

Name
The river was named after the surveyor Henry Mortlock Ommanney in the 1830s. Ommanney was the first European to visit the river during an expedition through the area in 1835.

See also

 List of watercourses in Western Australia

References

Avon River (Western Australia)


Horia Creangă (20 July 1892 – 1 August 1943) was a Romanian architect and key figure of the modernist movement in Romania. Described as "the true founder of the modernist age" in his native county, he is best known as the designer of the first large scale modernist building in Romania, the ARO building on Magheru Boulevard, Bucharest, completed in 1931.

Early life
Born in Bucharest on 20 July 1892, the grandson of the famous Romanian writer Ion Creangă, he studied at the Bucharest School of Architecture in 1916 before attending the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, graduating in 1925. His mentor, Gustave Umbdenstock, then secured a position for him in the Romanian Nord Railway company, and in late 1926, he returned to Romania with his wife Lucia.

Career

Creangă was one of the first architects in Romania to adopt the basic elements of modernist design, in designs which progressed rapidly from complex stepped forms in his first projects of the late 1920s to simple unadorned volumes, or dominant horizontal and vertical massing in the 1930s. This evolution is evident in his villas designed from 1929 to 1930, progressing from the blocky volumes elaborated with statuary and sculpture of the Cornel Medrea Villa in 1929 to the spare unadorned cubic volume of the Ion Miclescu Villa, completed the next year.

In 1929 Creangă, in collaboration with his brother, Ion, and his wife, won the competition to design the ARO building for the Asigurarea Românească insurance company, a multi-use building including shops, offices and apartments, and eventually a cinema. Completed in 1931, after the design was simplified into simple bold horizontal and vertical masses, it is the first important large scale modernist building completed in Romania., and established Creangă's career.

In 1935, he opened an office with architects Haralamb Georgescu and Nicolae Nedelescu, working primarily for three clients: ARO insurance, Malaxa industries, and Bucharest City Hall. For these clients Creangă designed industrial, office and residential buildings, notably including the Malaxa Industries factories (1930–1940), becoming one of the most respected modernists in industrial architecture.  The Encyclopedia of 20th Century Architecture states that "..despite the austerity of Creanga's modernist vocabulary, he reached a remarkable expressive force that remained unequaled in the production of the industrial architecture."

Throughout the 1930s, he designed numerous villas and small apartment buildings, as well as public buildings like the Stadionul Republicii. His Malaxa Factories and the Malaxa-Burileanu Building, with bold horizontal lines, unadorned surfaces and large areas of glass, are the most clearly Bauhaus influenced buildings in Romania. His large scale work of the later 1930s however showed an influence of the stylised classical of Italian architecture of the 1930s, such as the formal façades, with fine vertical ribs of the ARO Palace Hotel in Brașov and the Cultural Palace in Cernăuți.

Creangă's work was not uncontroversial. The ARO building which made his reputation and influenced the embrace of Modernism in Romania was fiercely criticized as well. His works were not published by mainstream Romanian industrial publications until the late 1930s.

His career was cut short by his death when he was only 51.

Selected projects
Drawn from the article on Horia Creangă from the Century of Romanian Architecture website, and Romanian Modernism 1920–1940
 Teatrul Giulești (now Opera Copiilor), Calea Giulești, Bucharest (1927–29)
 Corneliu Medrea Villa, Andrei Mureșan Street 2, Bucharest (1929)
 Villa Ion Miclescu, 56 Paris Street, Bucharest (1930)
 ARO Building, 12-14 Magheru Boulevard, Bucharest (1930–1931); Patria Cinema added 1934–35
 Dr. Petru Groza Villa, Deva (1929–1931)
 Villa Thomas, 15 Iatropol Street, Bucharest (1931)
 Villa Alexandru Bunescu, 12 Aleea Alexandru, Bucharest (1932)
 Anton Davidoglu apartments, Dacia Boulevard corner Piața Spaniei, Bucharest (1932)
 Republic Stadium, Bucharest (with Haralamb Georgescu) (1933–1939), demolished 1988
 Elena Ottulescu apartments, 12 General Gheorghe Manu Street, Bucharest (1934–1935)
 Vila Elizabeta Cantacuzino, Aleea Alexandru nr. 15, Bucharest (1936)
 ARO Apartment Building, 91-93 Calea Victoriei, Bucharest (1936–1938)
 Malaxa (later FAUR) Factory, auto factory, pipe factory, administration and entrance, Bucharest (1930-1939)
 Malaxa-Burileanu Building, 35 Magheru Boulevard, Bucharest (1935–1937)
 Low cost housing complex, 52-58 Șoseaua Iancului, 4-24 Victor Manu Street, Bucharest (1937)
 National-Cultural Palace, Teatral'na Ploshcha (Theatre Square), Cernăuți, (now Chernivtsi, Ukraine) (1937–40).
 ARO Palace Hotel, Brașov (with Haralamb Georgescu) (1937–1939)

Gallery

References

1892 births
1943 deaths
Architects from Bucharest
École des Beaux-Arts alumni
Modernist architects
Romanian industrial designers


Sir William Stewart of Houston (c. 1540 – c. 1605) was a Scottish soldier, politician and diplomat.

He is often known as "Colonel Stewart", or the Commendator of Pittenweem.

Life
He began his career as a soldier in the Netherlands, where he became a colonel and entered into communications with Lord Burghley on the progress of affairs. In 1582 he was in Scotland, and James VI made him captain of his guard.

He visited the English court in the king's interest in 1583 with John Colville and George Young (diplomat). Later that year, Stewart helped to free James from William Ruthven, 1st Earl of Gowrie, and to bring back his cousin James Stewart, Earl of Arran to power; these acts largely restored the young King James's position, after the Raid of Ruthven. On 4 September 1583 at Falkland Palace James VI ordered that Colonel Stewart be given some of the jewels that had belonged to his mother Mary, Queen of Scots, including a gold cross previously given to his favourite, Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox.

He was made a privy councillor and assisted Arran in governing Scotland. In April 1584 he captured Gowrie at Dundee. In 1585 he and Arran lost their power, and Stewart went to Denmark and France on secret errands for the king.

Norway and Denmark
Colonel Stewart became prominent in the king's marriage negotiations with Denmark, joining an embassy with Peter Young. In February 1588 an informant wrote to Francis Walsingham that Stewart had returned from Denmark with news of agreement that James VI should marry the younger daughter Anne of Denmark, according to the wishes of her mother Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow, because she "thinks her most meet for him."

He travelled to Norway in 1589 where the Danish fleet carrying Anne of Denmark rested, and brought back her letters of 3 October to James VI. He then returned to Norway. In December 1590 he sailed to Scotland with instructions for the ruling council from James VI, including orders for ships for the king's return, the reception ceremony for the queen and repairs to Holyrood Palace.  He arrived at Kronborg on 4 April with a letter to James VI from Queen Elizabeth. On 7 April 1590 he wrote from Helsingør to the English diplomat in Edinburgh, Robert Bowes. James VI had a valet in Denmark who was also called "William Stewart" and this was also the name of one of the captains of his fleet. He commanded the ships which conveyed James and his bride, Anne, from Denmark in April 1590.

In June 1590 James VI of Scotland sent John Skene and Stewart as ambassadors to Denmark and Germany. The mission was to intended to cement a peaceful league in Europe. They met the mother of Anne of Denmark, Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow at Braunschweig, then went on to meet William IV, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel at Rotenburg an der Fulda and Christian I, Elector of Saxony at Dresden. In April 1591 the English ambassador Robert Bowes joked with Stewart over the lack of written responses the king had received.

Bothwell's rebellions
Stewart was imprisoned in Edinburgh Castle in January 1592. It was suspected that he had helped the rebel Earl of Bothwell try to capture James VI at Holyrood Palace. His wife Erika was also banished from court, for stirring up controversy between the Chancellor, John Maitland of Thirlestane and James VI and Anne of Denmark.

He was at court at Falkland Palace in June 1592, and was arrested on suspicion of planning to help the rebel Earl of Bothwell capture the king. He was imprisoned at Burleigh Castle. In July 1592 he was questioned by the Chancellor, John Maitland of Thirlestane, the Secretary, Richard Cockburn, John Carmichael, and John Skene, about his dealings with Bothwell. Stewart admitted that he had been in Edinburgh Castle playing cards with the imprisoned Earl of Bothwell shortly before Bothwell escaped on 21 June 1591, and denied that he had secret communications with Bothwell. To gain favour and divert suspicions, Stewart and Sir James Sandilands accused Alexander Lindsay, 1st Lord Spynie of entertaining the rebel Earl of Bothwell at Aberdour Castle in 1592 but he denied this.

Diplomat and Lieutenant of the Isles
Twice he went on missions to the Netherlands. In 1594 he was knighted and was granted lands at Houston in West Lothian. His fee for the lands was used to pay the expenses of ambassadors at the baptism of Prince Henry. John Wemyss of Logie heard in September 1595 that he had been in Mecklenburg and Braunschweig, where Christian IV of Denmark had travelled to meet his future wife, Anne Catherine of Brandenburg.<ref>Calendar State Papers Scotland, vol. 12 (Edinburgh, 1952), pp. 29-30.</ref>

James VI made him Lieutenant of the Isles in 1596, instead of a Gaelic noble from the Western Isles. This caused some resentment, and the Earl of Argyll refused to meet with him and claimed to be unwell.

He was sent on an embassy to Denmark in May 1598, escorting Ulrik, Duke of Holstein who had been travelling in England and Scotland, and returned in July.

Later life
In February 1600 he encountered the Earl of Gowrie in a long gallery or passage in Holyrood Palace. He had arrested the earl's father in 1584. The earl made to move out of Stewart's way then reconsidered. Stewart noted this and complained to the king as an offence to his long service and dignity, warning that Gowrie was a threat to the court. Gowrie was told about this, and said "Aquila non captat muscus", meaning the eagle does not catch flies, that Stewart was beneath his attention.

He died before 1606.

Family and children
Stewart married in 1582, Erica or Erika (1540-1587), Countess of Batenburg in Gelderland and Manderscheid, the widow of Willem van Bronckhorst-Batenburg (1529-1573). They were given lands at the Mains of Tantallon Castle, forfeited by the Earl of Angus, in November 1584.

On 7 June 1590 he married Isobel Hepburn, Lady Pitferran, at Holyroodhouse. Anne of Denmark was godmother to his only son, Frederick (1591-1625). Their daughter Anna was baptised in June 1595. Lady Pitferran gave information leading to the arrest of John Wemyss of Logie in 1592.

William Stewart was created a peer as Lord Pittenweem in 1609, and died in December 1625.

Others of this name
William Stewart of Houston is often confused with other contemporaries of the same name, including:
 William Stewart of Banchrie and Grandtully (1567-1646), a courtier
 William Stewart of Monkton (d. 1588), a brother of James Stewart, Earl of Arran, who was killed in a fight in Edinburgh in July 1588
 William Stewart (courtier), a valet of James VI
 William Stewart of Caverston and later Laird of Traquair, Captain of Dumbarton Castle
 William Stewart, skipper of the Bruce of Leith'' for George Bruce of Carnock
 William Stewart, a servant of Regent Morton mentioned in Morton's "Confession".

References

1540 births
1605 deaths
Scottish soldiers
Scottish politicians
Scottish diplomats
Ambassadors of Scotland to Denmark
Members of the Privy Council of Scotland
Court of James VI and I
Lords High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland
16th-century Scottish people
Raid of Ruthven


The Clinton Avenue Historic District in Albany, New York, United States, is a  area along that street (part of which is also US 9) between North Pearl (NY 32) and Quail streets. It also includes some blocks along neighboring streets such as Lark and Lexington.

It originated with the city's creation of Clinton Square at its east end, shortly after the opening of the Erie Canal. Herman Melville lived for a year in one of the early rowhouses on the square. The rowhouse became the standard form as development continued to the west in later decades as the city industrialized. Today 92% of its nearly 600 buildings are 19th-century rowhouses in different architectural styles, predominantly Italianate,  many built as speculative housing for the city's middle class. This is the greatest concentration of such houses in the city of Albany. All but 20 buildings are contributing properties.

Many remain intact both outside and in, and in 1981 it was recognized as a historic district by the city, and seven years later, in 1988, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Urban decay still affects the district, and the city has spent federal grant money on revitalization and stabilization efforts.

Geography

The district centers along the  stretch of Clinton between Broadway and North Quail. This stretch of the road rises from the flatlands next to the Hudson River to the plains of the city's western neighborhoods, first steeply up the side of the bluff known as Sheridan Hollow, then more gently to the Quail intersection, a total climb of . Through here, Clinton remains unusually wide for Albany (briefly divided at its eastern end, where it receives traffic off Interstate 787 from the nearby Dunn Memorial Bridge.

It is just north of downtown and the state buildings of Empire State Plaza. Other historic districts, such as Arbor Hill, Broadway-Livingston Avenue and Ten Broeck Triangle, abut it on the north.

Its boundaries were precisely drawn to follow the rear lot lines along both side of Clinton Avenue. There are extrusions taking in some sections of side streets where similar housing was built.

On its east end, starting at the Palace, it includes the west side of North Pearl Street (NY 32), just north of the First Church in Albany, itself listed on the Register, and the east side north of the modern Leo O'Brien Federal Office Building. Three rowhouses along the south side of Livingston are included; the rest of this neighborhood is part of the Arbor Hill–Ten Broeck Triangle Historic District. The area to the east of the intersection is included in the Broadway-Livingston Avenue Historic District.

South of the Clinton-North Pearl intersection, the boundary takes in the two remaining rowhouses on Clinton Place, the oldest extant buildings in the district. After excluding the properties on either side of the Ten Broeck Street intersection, it continues westward along Clinton's rear property lines until the southern Lark Street intersection, where US 9W branches off to the south from Route 9, the beginning of a highway to the George Washington Bridge in Fort Lee, New Jersey. Here it extends down the street for several blocks, all the way to Elk Street, taking in the nine-house row along the north side to the east of the intersection.

At the next intersection west along Clinton, Henry Johnson Boulevard, US 9 leaves Clinton Avenue for the latter. The district continues to follow the Clinton property lines to Lexington Avenue, where it includes the houses along the west side to midway between First and Second streets, and short rows along either side of First Street west of the Lexington intersection. From there the district returns to Clinton all the rest of the way to Quail, including 2 Judson Street only because it fronts on Clinton and is part of a row in that area.

The 70 acres (28 ha) delineated by this boundary are urban and mostly developed, with a few vacant lots. There are 576 buildings in it. Only 20 of them are considered non-contributing, most of them modern commercial intrusions like supermarkets and gas stations. Of the 556 contributing buildings, 530 (or 92% of the total) are two- or three-story brick rowhouses, built over a century and reflecting different architectural styles. The remaining historic buildings include the theater, churches, an old police station and two schools.

History

The development of Clinton Avenue from northern boundary of the city of Albany to densely developed urban residential area closely parallels the city's growth during the district's period of significance (1820–1931) in response to changes in its economy. It begins with the creation of Clinton Square and ends with the construction of the Palace Theatre at that same intersection.

Colonial and Revolutionary periods

In 1686, when Albany received the Dongan Charter from the British, the future route of Clinton was set as the city's northern boundary, at this time the street's name was Patroon Street. To its north were the lands of the van Rensselaer family's patroonship. A decade before the Revolution, Stephen van Rensselaer II had the area just north of the city surveyed and laid out a grid plan for future growth. On March 7, 1788 the state of New York divided the entire state into towns eliminating districts as administrative units. This transformed the Western District of the Manor of Rensselaerswyck into the town of Watervliet, which incorporated the lands north of Patroon Street. The neighborhood in this town along the north edge of Patroon Street would be incorporated as a municipality under the name of Colonie in 1791 but would stay within Watervliet. Colonie would become incorporated again, this time as a district in 1801, and a village in 1804, then a separate town in 1808. In 1815 Colonie would be split between the city of Albany and the town of Watervliet.

The area began to grow and the planned streets became reality. In 1815, with a thousand people already living between the river and Knox Street (which later became Northern Boulevard and then changed again to Henry Johnson Boulevard) it was annexed to Albany. It became the city's Fifth Ward. It was in 1815 after the annexation that Albany renamed Patroon Street to Clinton Avenue.

Development in the area began to increase when the Erie Canal, which connected to the Hudson at the Albany Basin, was completed in 1825. On December 29, 1828 notable residents Israel Smith and Samuel Pruyn, among others, petitioned the Common Council to improve the junction of Clinton and North Pearl streets, an area increasingly visible to visitors to the city. It wasn't until a month later, on January 26, 1829, that the Common Council's committee on the subject reported in favor of the improvement and recommended that the square be named Clinton Square. It was on August 17, 1829 that the Common Council declared North Pearl Street between Orange Street and Clinton Avenue to be widened and renamed Clinton Square, and the park to be roughly 200 by 60 feet. A small park, it was considered one of the city's major achievements of the time. It was considered the first city improvement north of downtown, the city being focused on the southern section prior to this. The creation of Clinton Square marks the beginning of the district's development and history. By March 1831, however, the opening of the square was denounced as "a monument of the stupidity of its originators" and "had a tendency to reduce rents in that quarter". By 1914 the few trees that were there were in poor shape and the square was a grassy area with a single diagonal path.

Early 19th century

During the 1830s, many of the dilapidated colonial-era houses around the square were demolished and the first rowhouses, their decoration reflecting the contemporary Greek Revival style, built on Clinton Place overlooking the park, along with a church. Only two houses, 3 and 5 Clinton Place, survive. Herman Melville lived in the former during 1843.

The Clinton Place rowhouses set that form as the standard for the rest of the district as the century progressed. It was a convergence of the building traditions of the city's early Dutch settlers, where a long and narrow lot was almost completely covered by the house, with the more English-influenced buildings preferred by the Albanians of the early 19th century, many of whom had emigrated west from New England.

North Pearl Street was completed to Livingston Avenue at this time, and the first railroads were built into the city. The Mohawk and Hudson's tracks came into the city a half-mile (1 km) north of Clinton Avenue, primarily delivering lumber from the vast forests in the northern and western regions of the state to the nearby Albany Lumber District along the Erie Canal. This triggered a building boom along Clinton in the 1840s. The oldest rowhouses along the street, the three buildings between 65 and 75, were part of a group of six built as speculative housing by local landowner Thomas Ludlow in 1845.

In the 1850s the street was gradually built out between North Pearl and Swan streets. Houses built during this time reflected the early adoption of the Italianate mode and its preference for the bracketed cornice. These elements were usually made of sandstone before the Civil War but of wood afterwards. The Italianate style dominated in rowhouses on Clinton Avenue until 1880; today it still accounts for the majority of rowhouses in the district. The houses at 133–143 Clinton, dating to 1851, exemplify the prewar Italianate rowhouses. The unbroken row from 250–272 Clinton, dating to the 1870s, demonstrates the postwar application of the style.

The population grew enough that School 5, now a church, was built at 226-228 North Pearl. Development pressure on the west end of Clinton Avenue came later in the 1850s when Erastus Corning combined many of the state's railroads into the New York Central. To handle the new road's maintenance needs, he began building a yard north of Clinton Avenue west of Northern Boulevard. The facility also had the largest stockyard east of Chicago. The city expanded its horsecar lines to run further west along the former Schenectady Turnpike, now Central Avenue, in the 1860s. This made possible the development of the blocks at the west end of the district. Many of the clapboard-sided homes there were filled by German immigrants.

Late 19th century

In 1867 the city built a fire station at 126 Clinton Avenue. This increase in services prefigured the 1870 annexation of the land on the west of Northern Boulevard, putting the entirety of Clinton Avenue within Albany city limits. Two years later, in 1872, the city established a horsecar line along Clinton from North Pearl to Lexington, bringing the city's downtown within reach of the neighborhood. This made it more desirable and housing began to supplant the brickyards that had previously been located there.

The decades of the Gilded Age were marked by a building boom along Clinton. Many of the remaining undeveloped lots, particularly along the western section of the street, were bought and speculative rowhouses built. Most were rented to the various laborers and craftsmen moving into the area. Construction began to come up Lark Street, the first one west of downtown Albany that crossed the Sheridan Hollow ravine (since filled in) at grade. Following the annexation, Lexington Street was extended northward a few blocks, and brick rowhouses were built there as well.

Development continued in the 1880s, with some earlier construction being demolished to make way for newer houses. Builders began moving beyond the Italianate style, experimenting with the Richardsonian Romanesque and Queen Anne styles. Hope Baptist Church, at the west end of the McPherson Terrace row on the north side of Clinton west of Judson, is the foremost Romanesque building in the district. The Queen Anne style is responsible for the oriel windows found at 5 Wilson Street (on the North Pearl corner), the row of 152½, 154 and 154½ (identical buildings with arched windows on the first story) and 168 Clinton, with a projecting gabled pavilion. The two styles blend in a row faced in stone between Lexington and Robin streets. The Gothic Revival style made an appearance in 1883 when the former St. Luke's Methodist Church was built at the northwest corner of the Lexington intersection.

Building finally slowed down in the 1890s, since most of the district had been developed. What new construction took place was primarily the infill of the remaining vacant lots. The most significant of this was the completion of the eastern end of McPherson Terrace.

20th century

Since the district had been almost built out by 1890, the architectural movements of the early 20th century made little impact on it. An American Foursquare was built at the southwest corner of Clinton and Lexington in 1905, and a few more stone and brick rowhouses were built on North Pearl in that decade. Most buildings in early 20th century styles were public ones, like the Classical Revival police station built at 222 Pearl Street in 1911. The 1931 opening of the Palace Theatre at Clinton and North Pearl, where its history began, gave the district its newest contributing property and ended its period of significance.

The Clinton Street area remained a thriving middle-class residential neighborhood throughout the first half of the century. After World War II, suburbanization began and many of the residents moved out of the city. The poorer residents who replaced them, particularly west of Northern Boulevard, could not get mortgages or home improvement loans, and in the 1960s and 1970s the area began to show the signs of early urban decay, as buildings began to be abandoned and crumbled.

The district was never targeted for wholesale urban renewal, and after some demolitions in the east end it became eligible for Community Development Block Grants (CDBGs) in the late 1970s. The city, which had bought the Palace in 1969, designated the Clinton-North Pearl area a historic district in 1981. Several years later it targeted 82 rowhouses between North Pearl and Northern Boulevard for a neighborhood stabilization program, work which culminated in the Register listing for the district three years later.

Clinton Avenue today

New construction or expansion within the district is reviewed by the city's Historic Resources Commission (HRC), a group of nine citizens with an interest in architecture, history or historic preservation appointed by the mayor. The HRC also considers new city landmark designations. The area also comes under the purview of several of Albany's neighborhood associations.

The neighborhood stabilization efforts have not yet affected the entire district. In some blocks, particularly west of Northern, houses continue to deteriorate and storefronts remain vacant. The city's Community Development Agency continues to seek CDBG monies to rehabilitate abandoned rowhouses along Clinton Avenue and continue to keep them affordable.

Clinton Ave at Ontario Street is also the location of the oldest firehouse in the city of Albany, built in 1874, refurbished in the 1930s and in 1998.

In 2011 the Preservation League of New York State loaned $100,000 to a local developer, Orion Enterprises, to restabilize the former police station at 222 North Pearl. The work would allow planning and architectural work to proceed so Orion could convert the building into apartments.

See also
List of streets in Albany, New York
National Register of Historic Places listings in Albany, New York

References

External links

Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)
U.S. Route 9
U.S. Route 9W
Federal architecture in New York (state)
Greek Revival architecture in New York (state)
Italianate architecture in New York (state)
Buildings and structures in Albany, New York
Historic districts in Albany County, New York
National Register of Historic Places in Albany, New York