Newbury Comics is an American comic book and music retailer based in New England. Newbury Comics began as a comic book vendor on Newbury Street in Boston. The company was founded in 1978 by Massachusetts Institute of Technology students John Brusger and Mike Dreese. Dreese also published Boston Rock, a music tabloid which was active from 1980 to 1987 that focused on punk, new wave and indie bands. There are now 31 stores in six states: four in New Hampshire, two in Rhode Island, one in Maine, two in Connecticut, and sixteen in Massachusetts. On August 20, 2016, Newbury Comics opened its first store outside of New England at the Roosevelt Field Mall in Garden City, New York. This location quickly became the #1 performing store in the chain. Since its opening, five additional locations have been opened in New York bringing its total to six.

Since the late 1980s Newbury Comics has been a vendor of new and used CDs, LPs, singles, and DVDs, and other pop culture–related goods, including comics, manga, posters, T-shirts, trading cards, action figures, buttons, sports merchandise, jewelry, cosmetics, novelties and more.

The chain also had a sister store called Hootenanny which mostly sold punk-style clothing, located one floor below the Newbury Comics in Harvard Square. Hootenanny closed in May 2012, while the flagship Newbury Comics banner was altering its product mix to include more fashion. Newbury Comics stores are gradually shifting from strip centers to mall locations.

Notable employees

 Andy Bonner of the Boston band Piebald worked for years at both the Harvard Square and Alewife locations. The band's "King of the Road" includes the lyrics, "Andy went back to school. He got sick of Newbury Comics."
 Valerie Forgione of Mistle Thrush is the company's Executive Vice President
 Joe Guese, guitarist of The Click Five, worked at the flagship Newbury Comics briefly before joining the band.
 Rob Hamilton and Chris Pearson of Green Magnet School worked at the Framingham store and the warehouse, respectively, when the band was signed to Sub Pop records.
 Aimee Mann worked at the original Newbury Street location before gaining prominence with her band 'Til Tuesday.
 David Shibler worked at the original Newbury Street location while becoming the bass player in the local band the Turbines.
 Jon Syverson, Alexis S.F. Marshall, and Samuel Moorehouse Walker of Daughters have worked at the Providence and North Attleboro locations.
 Chris Pupecki (Doomriders, Black Tail & ex–Cast Iron Hike) worked at the Natick store.
 Johnny Earle, founder of clothing line Johnny Cupcakes, worked at Newbury Comics, where he would secretly sell shirts out of his car on bathroom breaks.
 Jon Strader, guitarist of the band No Trigger, worked at the Shrewsbury location.
 Paul DeGeorge, of Harry and the Potters, worked at various stores, including both Cambridge locations.
 Ian St. Germain, bass player and drummer of Burnt Fur and Tracy Husky, worked at the Harvard Square location.
 Mark McKay, drummer of hardcore punk band Slapshot was a manager of several Newbury Comics stores and worked in the IT department as well as working for Interscope Records.
 Ryan McKenney and Brian Izzi of the band Trap Them, worked at the Salem, NH store.
 Aaron Dalbec of Bane, Only Crime and ex-Converge worked at the Shrewsbury store during the mid-to-late 90s.
 Tanya Donelly of the Throwing Muses, The Breeders and Belly.

Company logo in popular culture
In the movie Hatchet (2006), star Joel Moore spends much of the film in a blood-spattered Newbury Comics T-shirt. In reaction to this Newbury Comics started selling special Hatchet T-shirts like the one in the movie. The "Tooth Face" Logo T-shirt is featured in the second issue of The Bulletproof Coffin comics from Image Comics.

In the fifth and sixth season opening credits for Sabrina, the Teenage Witch, Sabrina, portrayed by Melissa Joan Hart, is seen walking out of the store on Newbury Street.

Store locations

Connecticut:
 Danbury - Danbury Fair
 Manchester - The Shoppes at Buckland Hills

Maine:
 South Portland - The Maine Mall

Massachusetts:
 Boston - Faneuil Hall Marketplace
 Boston - Newbury Street
 Braintree - South Shore Plaza
 Burlington - Burlington Mall
 Cambridge - CambridgeSide Galleria
 Cambridge - Harvard Square
 Hyannis - Cape Cod Mall
 Kingston - Kingston Collection
 Marlborough - Solomon Pond Mall
 Natick - Natick Mall
 North Attleboro - Emerald Square Mall
 North Dartmouth - Dartmouth Mall
 Northampton
 Norwood
 Peabody - Northshore Mall
 Saugus - Square One Mall

New Hampshire:
 Manchester
 Nashua - Pheasant Lane Mall
 Salem - The Mall at Rockingham Park
 West Lebanon

New York:
 Albany - Crossgates Mall
 Garden City - Roosevelt Field Mall
 Lake Grove - Smith Haven Mall
 Staten Island - The Staten Island Mall
 Syracuse - Destiny USA
 West Nyack - Palisades Center
 White Plains - The Westchester Mall

Rhode Island:
 Providence - Providence Place Mall
 Warwick

Source:

References

External links

 2008 Interview with Mike Dreese on Well-Rounded Radio

Companies based in Boston
Music retailers of the United States
Privately held companies based in Massachusetts
Retail companies established in 1978


Villalmarzo is one of eight parishes (administrative divisions) in the El Franco municipality, within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

The population is 138 (INE 2007).

Villages and hamlets
 El Llourdal
 Lludeiros
 San Xuyán
 Villalmarzo
 El Chao
 El Mayorazo
 Riocaballos
 Samarfún

References

Parishes in El Franco


Padre (short for "Perl Application Development and Refactoring Environment") is a multi-language software development platform comprising an IDE and a plug-in system to extend it. It is written primarily in Perl and is used to develop applications in this language.

Padre is written in Perl 5 but can be extended by any language running on top of the Parrot virtual machine, such as Raku, through its plug-in system and its integration with Parrot. The development officially started in June 2008 but Padre has reused components that have been available on CPAN, and the latest version of Padre is itself always available on CPAN. Most importantly, it uses the Perl bindings of wxWidgets for the windowing system, and PPI to correctly parse and highlight Perl and to allow refactoring. The primary advantages of Padre for Perl developers is that full and easy access to the source code of their editor is available, and a unique set of "Perl intuition" features that allow the IDE to understand details about project structure and content without needing to be told by the user.

Architecture
Padre employs plug-ins in order to provide all of its functionality on top of the runtime system. All the functionality except the core Perl 5 support is implemented as plug-ins. Padre has plug-ins for HTML and XML editing.

This plug-in mechanism is a lightweight framework. In addition to allowing Padre to be extended using other programming languages, the plug-in framework allows Padre to work with networking applications such as telnet, and database management systems. The plug-in architecture supports writing any desired extension to the environment, such as for configuration management, version control systems (Subversion, Git) support, etc.

Padre's widgets are implemented by wxWidgets, an open source, cross-platform toolkit written in C++.

Features
Bookmark Support
Code Folding
Session Support
Diff Feature
CPAN Explorer Tool
Graphical Debugger Tool
Version Control Tool

Notable plug-ins
Version Control: Subversion, Git, Mercurial
Languages: Raku, Parrot, HTML, XML, CSS, LaTeX
Editor Compatibility: Vim
Helper tool for Catalyst

See also

Comparison of integrated development environments

References

External links

Padre on MetaCPAN

Plug-ins on CPAN

Free integrated development environments
Linux integrated development environments
Debuggers
Cross-platform free software
Free software programmed in Perl
Perl software
Software that uses wxWidgets
Software using the Artistic license
Software that uses Scintilla


"Rock My Life" is a song by the German singer Jeanette. The song was written by Frank Johnes, Bodybrain and Wonderbra, and produced by Johnes and Tom Remm for her third album Rock My Life (2002). It was released as the album's leading single on October 14, 2002 in German-speaking Europe. Her highest-peaking single to date, it reached number three in Germany and peaked at number six in Austria and Switzerland, respectively. "Rock My Life" was certified gold by the Bundesverband Musikindustrie (BVMI), for 300.000 Copies. The Single sold more than 400.000 Copies in Europe.

Formats and track listings
These are the formats and track listings of major single releases of "Rock My Life".

Maxi CD single
(065942218; Released )
"Rock My Life" (Radio edit) – 3:55
"Rock My Life" (Rock version) – 4:54
"Rock My Life" (Instrumental) – 3:55
"Jeanette the Hit Edit" – 4:13
"Rock My Life" music video out-takes

CD single
(0659062; Released )
"Rock My Life" (Radio edit) – 3:55
"Rock My Life" (Rock version) – 4:54

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications and sales

References

External links
Official website

2002 singles
Jeanette Biedermann songs
2002 songs
Polydor Records singles
Songs written by Kristina Bach


Patrician Brothers' College, Blacktown is a Roman Catholic single-sex secondary day school for boys, located in Blacktown, a western suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

History
The College was founded in 1952 by the Patrician Brothers to serve mainly rural families of Blacktown and its surrounding districts. The school is set on several hectares in the heart of the rapidly expanding Blacktown. Under a restructure the College saw its last Year 6 class graduate in 1997 and the first Year 11 cohort commence in 1998.  This led to an extensive building program with the addition of 11 classrooms, a technology block, library, school office and the Golden Jubilee Hall, as well as an amphitheatre finished in 2013.

House names
Patrician Brothers' College Blacktown have a proud and prestigious history. They have captured some of this history in the names of the college houses:
 The Delany Devils (Red) – Daniel Delany (1747–1814) founded the Patrician Brothers order at Tullow, Ireland in 1808 to educate the poor young people.
 The MacKillop Magpies (Green) – Blessed Mary MacKillop (1842–1909) was beatified in 1996 by Pope John Paul II. Canonised in 2010.
 The Massey Marlins (Gold) – Bernard Massey as the Parish Priest of Blacktown, was responsible for the establishment of the college in 1952.
 The Histon Hounds (Blue) – Br. Gerard Histon was the founding Principal of the College in 1952. Died in 2010.

College crest
The college crest consists of a Shield surmounted by a Crown and the motto Christus Regnat, Latin for "Christ Reigns".
The Shield represents the Catholic Faith, while the White Star encircled by the Wreath of Laurel represents The Blessed Lady.
The Cross and the Crown represent 'The Crowning Gift of Faith'.
Patrician Brothers' Blacktown is also known for its "brotherhood" attitude. The school is a largely multicultural group with many different cultures represented. A quote that has passed on for 59 years (since the school's inception) is: "Once a Pattie’s boy, always a Pattie’s boy."

Extra curricular activities
Patrician Brothers' Blacktown is known as one of the best sporting schools. The college takes part in the Metropolitan Catholic Schools (MCS) Competition and Combined Catholic Colleges (CCC) Tournaments. The school offers sports such as cricket, basketball, soccer, rugby league, touch football, rugby union, Australian rules football, golf, croquet, and swimming.

During the Arrive Alive Cup in 2007 Patrician Brothers Blacktown progressed to the grand final. The match was telecast on Channel Nine. The MCS Rugby League Competition officially declared Patrician Brothers' Blacktown the most successful MCS school.

The college is also known for its superb results in Public Speaking and Debating. In 2009, both the senior teams made it to the second quarter-finals of the CSDA debating competition the Year 9 Debating team were able to progress to the semi-finals. In 2011, the Year 12A Debating team took out the Catholic Schools' Debating Association Trophy, going through the competition undefeated. In 2013, the senior teams progressed to the finals. In 2019, the Year 9 Debating Team, had progressed through the metropolitan Sydney competition undefeated and took home the trophy of Year 9 Metropolitan Champions.

The school has continuing success, and its community takes great pride in achievement.

Controversies

Former teacher Brother Martin Harmata pleaded guilty to sexually assaulting several boys including students at the school in the 1980s and was jailed for at least 3.5 years on 26 September 2013. Former Patrician Brother novice and relief teacher Alan James Pollock was also arrested on allegations of sexual abuse of students. Other teachers were reported as being 'under investigation'.

A third former teacher, a 57-year-old male, was arrested in February 2013 over offences alleged to have occurred between 1998 and 2002. The teacher has not been named.

On 18 December 2013, a fourth former teacher and brother, Michael Stanton, was arrested. Additional charges were laid against Michael Stanton in May 2014. The alleged offences occurred in 1980 against an 11-year-old boy. Michael Stanton pleaded guilty to the charges in October 2015.
Alan James Pollock pleaded guilty to committing sexual offences against children in September 2014, and was sentenced to eight years gaol in December 2014.

The Catholic Education Office has published statements concerning Alan Pollock, Brother Martin Harmata, and Michael Stanton following their convictions.

Notable alumni

 Josh Aloiai, current rugby league footballer for the Manly Warringah Sea Eagles  and Samoa and formerly the Wests Tigers
 Jake Arthur, current rugby league footballer for the Manly Warringah Sea Eagles
 John Asiata, former professional rugby league footballer for the North Queensland Cowboys and Samoa
 Luke Boyd, Australian Olympic boxer
 Jamie Buhrer, former rugby league footballer for the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles, Newcastle Knights and New South Wales
 Bryce Cartwright, current rugby league footballer for the Parramatta Eels
 Christian Crichton, former professional rugby league footballer for the Penrith Panthers, Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs and Samoa
 Stephen Crichton, current rugby league player for the Penrith Panthers, New South Wales and Samoa
 Joshua Curran, current rugby league footballer for the New Zealand Warriors
 Sam Darley, current AFL player for the Western Bulldogs
 Brett Delaney, former professional rugby league footballer for the Leeds Rhinos and City Origin
 Jarred Farlow, former professional rugby league footballer for the Wests Tigers
 Anthony Field, The Blue Wiggle
 Andrew Fifita, former professional rugby league footballer  for the Cronulla Sharks, Australia, Indigenous All Stars and Tonga
 David Fifita, former professional rugby league footballer for the Cronulla Sharks and Tonga
 Jake Foster, former professional rugby league player for the Canberra Raiders
 John Folau, current rugby union player for the NSW Waratahs
 Tyrell Fuimaono, current rugby league player for the  St. George Illawarra Dragons
 Timothy Hodge, swimmer who represented Australia at 2016 Rio Paralympics
 Masada Iosefa, former professional rugby league footballer for the Penrith Panthers, Wests Tigers and Samoa
 George Jennings, current rugby league footballer for the Melbourne Storm and Tonga
 Robert Jennings, current rugby league footballer for the Dolphins and Tonga
 Sione Katoa, former professional rugby league footballer for Penrith Panthers, Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs and  Tonga
 Albert Kelly, former professional rugby league footballer for the Brisbane Broncos
 Grant Lambert, ex-state cricketer for the New South Wales Blues
 Daine Laurie, current rugby league footballer for the Wests Tigers
 Spencer Leniu, current rugby league footballer for the Penrith Panthers
 Danny Levi, current rugby league footballer for the Canberra Raiders, New Zealand and Samoa
 Luke Lewis, former professional rugby league footballer for the Cronulla Sharks, Penrith Panthers, City Origin, New South Wales and Australia
 Jeff Lima, former professional rugby league footballer for the Melbourne Storm, Canberra Raiders and New Zealand
 Matthew Lodge, current rugby league footballer for the  Sydney Roosters
 Samuel Loizou, current rugby league footballer for the Parramatta Eels
 Jarome Luai, current rugby league footballer for the Penrith Panthers, New South Wales and Samoa
 Soni Luke, current rugby league footballer for the Penrith Panthers
 Taylan May, current rugby league footballer for the Penrith Panthers and Samoa
 Terrell May, current rugby league player for the Sydney Roosters
 Tyrone May, current rugby league footballer for the Catalans Dragons and Samoa
 Marcelo Montoya, current rugby league footballer for the New Zealand Warriors and Fiji
 Junior Moors, former professional rugby league footballer for the Melbourne Storm and Samoa
 Matt Moylan, current rugby league footballer for the Cronulla Sharks, New South Wales and Australia
 Brent Naden, current rugby league footballer for the Wests Tigers
 Arjun Nair, cricketer plays for Sydney Thunder in the Big Bash
 David Nofoaluma, current rugby league footballer for the Wests Tigers and Samoa
 Sean O'Sullivan, current rugby league footballer for the Dolphins
 Joseph Paulo, current rugby league footballer for St Helens, Samoa and United States
 Daniel Penese, former professional rugby league footballer for the Penrith Panthers now currently playing for the Wyong Roos in the NSW Cup
 Ben Rogers, ex-rugby league footballer for the Penrith Panthers, South Sydney Rabbitohs, St George Illawarra Dragons and Newcastle Knights
 Sean Rooney, football player who plays for Salgaocar S.C. in the I-league
 Sean Russell, current rugby league player for the Parramatta Eels
 Jarrod Sammut, rugby league footballer for the Bradford Bulls and ex-rugby union footballer for Malta
 Tim Simona, former rugby league footballer for the Wests Tigers
 Chris Smith, current rugby league footballer for Penrith Panthers
 Izack Tago, current rugby league player for the Penrith Panthers and Samoa
 Zeb Taia, former professional rugby league footballer for the Newcastle Knights and New Zealand
 Jayden Tanner, current rugby league footballer for the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs
 Jacob Townsend, AFL premiership winner with the Richmond Tigers
 Joseph Tramontana, current rugby league footballer for the Blacktown Workers Sea Eagles and Italy
 Sunia Turuva, current rugby league footballer for the Penrith Panthers and Fiji
 Siosaia Vave, former professional rugby league footballer for the Parramatta Eels and Tonga
 Dallin Watene-Zelezniak, current rugby league footballer for the New Zealand Warriors and New Zealand
 Matthew Wright, former professional rugby league footballer for the Manly Warringah Sea Eagles and Samoa
 Jeremy Finlayson, AFL Footballer for GWS Giants

See also

 Catholic Education in the Diocese of Parramatta
 List of non-government schools in New South Wales
 Patrician Brothers

References

External links
 Patrician Brothers' College website

 Patrician Brothers schools
 Educational institutions established in 1952
 Roman Catholic Diocese of Parramatta
 Boys' schools in New South Wales
 Catholic secondary schools in Sydney
1952 establishments in Australia
Blacktown


Tan Ende (; born August 21, 1971) is a retired Chinese football player. He is currently a coach.

Playing career
Tan Ende played the majority of his football career for Guangzhou Apollo where he would aid them to two runners-up positions for the league title. He would also see them become a professional football team, however he is often remembered for scoring the fastest goal in Chinese football history against Yanbian FC on June 2, 1996. Unsatisfied with the professionalism in the club he would become alienated within the team and would leave for Qingdao Jonoon before settling at second tier side Zhejiang Lücheng before he retired.

Management career
After he retired he would become a trainer for Zhejiang Lücheng's reserve team Hangzhou Sanchao until May 18, 2007 when he was promoted to be a trainer for the senior team. On September 20, 2009 the Head coach Zhou Suian was sacked as manager for the team and Tan Ende would follow him.

References

External links
Player profile at Sodasoccer.com

1971 births
Living people
Footballers from Guangzhou
Chinese men's footballers
Guangzhou F.C. players
Qingdao Hainiu F.C. (1990) players
Zhejiang Professional F.C. players
Chinese football managers
Meizhou Hakka F.C. managers

Men's association football forwards


Sandy Gumulya (born 2 April 1986) is an Indonesian former tennis player and the older sister of Beatrice Gumulya, also a professional tennis player.

Career
Sandy made her debut as a professional in July 2000, aged 14, at an ITF tournament in Jakarta. In March 2009, she was the highest ranked Indonesian in the WTA rankings (singles).

In 2002 and 2003, she played in the Australian Open junior championships. In 2003, she and her partner Septi Mende reached the quarterfinals of the junior doubles competition at the Australian Open.

She was part of Indonesia Fed Cup team in 2003, 2004, 2008 and 2009.

Gumulya represented Indonesia at the 2006 Asian Games at Doha. She won her first-round match, and was then defeated by Li Na in the second round.

At the 2007 Southeast Asian Games, Gumulya won the gold medal in the women's single competitions, and also won the silver medal in the women's doubles competition with Romana Tedjakusuma as partner. Gumulya also enjoyed success at the 2009 Southeast Asian Games, winning bronze in the women's doubles and a silver in the women's team event.

In March 2009, Gumulya retired during the second set of the quarterfinal of the ASB Pro tournament at Hamilton, New Zealand, due to a knee injury. The injury forced her to withdraw from the third and final tournament of the ASB Pro Circuit, that at Wellington.

ITF Circuit finals

Singles (11–6)

Doubles (3–8)

External links

Indonesian female tennis players
1986 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Jakarta
Tennis players at the 2006 Asian Games
Universiade medalists in tennis
SEA Games gold medalists for Indonesia
SEA Games silver medalists for Indonesia
SEA Games bronze medalists for Indonesia
SEA Games medalists in tennis
Competitors at the 2007 SEA Games
Competitors at the 2009 SEA Games
Universiade bronze medalists for Indonesia
Asian Games competitors for Indonesia
Medalists at the 2007 Summer Universiade
21st-century Indonesian women


Veiveriai Teachers' Seminary was a seminary in Veiveriai, Suwałki Governorate, Congress Poland (now Lithuania). It was established as teachers' courses in 1866 and reorganized into a seminary in 1872. It prepared teachers for elementary schools in the Suwałki Governorate. During World War I, the seminary was evacuated into Russia and subsequently disbanded. During its existence, the seminary prepared 1,025 teachers, some of which later became prominent figures in Lithuanian education, politics, and culture.

Background
After the Uprising of 1863, Tsarist authorities closed all institutions of higher education in Lithuania and implemented a radical Russification program. According to this program, Lithuanian schools would be closed or replaced with Russian schools. To prepare teachers for these new Russian schools, two teachers' seminaries were established: one in Veiveriai for the Suwałki Governorate and another in Panevėžys for the Vilna and Kovno Governorates. The Veiveriai Seminary was open only to Catholics of Lithuanian origin, while the seminary in Panevėžys was open only to Eastern Orthodoxs. It was hoped that these Lithuanian teachers prepared in Russian spirit would work in Polish provinces and would turn their students away from Polish language and culture.

History
Veiveriai Seminary was established in two-story brick post office building, left empty since the office closed after the Warsaw – Saint Petersburg Railway was opened. The seminary was a three-year school, that accepted 30 students annually. Therefore, it had about 90 students at any given time. The curriculum was taught in the Russian language and included religion, pedagogy, Lithuanian and Russian languages, history, mathematics, biology and geography, cursive, music, etc. Students also had to complete a certain number of hours in the seminary's gardens growing fruits and vegetables. The seminary also boasted a choir and an orchestra. After graduation students would be assigned work in Polish provinces; those who received scholarships had to complete at least 4 years at the designated location.

Despite strict prohibitions on speaking in Lithuanian and hopes that the seminary would become a center of Russification, Veiveriai became an important center of the Lithuanian National Revival. Tomas Ferdinandas Žilinskas, who helped to found the seminary and worked there for 37 years, was one of the activists in the revival movement. Despite official rules, Žilinskas encouraged his students to read banned Lithuanian books and speak in Lithuanian. Other students took part in illegal book smuggling, hiding the books under the altar of a cemetery chapel. Starting in 1881 students even published 10 issues of a Lithuanian-language monthly Laimės valandos (Hours of Happiness).

During the Russian Revolution of 1905, students demanded to change the subject language from Russian to Lithuanian. The seminary was temporarily closed and 37 students were arrested; the teaching language policy was not changed, but it was allowed to speak Lithuanian in public. In 1915, during World War I, the seminary was evacuated into Russia, but never returned. Its last class graduated on March 1, 1918. Its former building was used to establish a secondary school, which was named after Žilinskas. The school operates to this day.

Alumni
 Mykolas Krupavičius, Minister of Agriculture
 Kazys Skučas, Minister of the Internal Affairs
 Antanas Žmuidzinavičius, painter

References

History of Lithuania (1795–1918)
Seminaries and theological colleges in Lithuania
Educational institutions disestablished in 1918
Educational institutions established in 1866
1866 establishments in the Russian Empire
History of education in Lithuania
1918 disestablishments in Russia


Silver is the 26th studio album by Cliff Richard. It was released in October 1983 to mark his 25th anniversary in music. The North American version was titled Give a Little Bit More and had a revised track list.

A limited edition 2-LP box set of Silver was also released in the UK. The second LP, entitled Rock 'n' Roll Silver contained 9 new recordings of rock and roll classics, including Richard's debut single "Move It", and one new song "Makin' History".

The album reached number 7 in the UK Albums Chart and earned Gold certification.

Singles
The album spawned three UK hit singles. "Never Say Die (Give a Little Bit More)" was the lead single and reached number 15 in the UK Singles Chart. It was followed up by "Please Don't Fall in Love" which reached number 7. In early 1984 "Baby You're Dynamite" was released and reached number 27. However, while it was on the chart, fans pushed for the B-side, "Ocean Deep" to be released as an A-side and pressure mounted as disc-jockeys played the track too. But not until a fortnight after "Baby You're Dynamite" had finished its run on the chart was the single re-released with "Ocean Deep" as the A-side; it reached number 72 upon its re-entry to the chart.

Extended versions of "Never Say Die (Give a Little Bit More)" and "Baby You're Dynamite" were released as vinyl 12" singles, but have not been released on a digital format.

The album track "The Golden Days Are Over" was recorded by the pop group Bucks Fizz and released as a single in late 1984.

Album releases
The original 1983 CD release of Silver only included 9 tracks from the Silver LP and 7 from the Rock 'n' Roll Silver LP, in order to fit on a single disc.

In 1992 it was re-released on CD (paired with The Rock Connection in a twin-pack) with the same track-listing, but was curiously titled Rock 'n' Roll Silver. In 2002, Silver was remastered and re-released on CD, excluding the Rock 'n' Roll Silver tracks, but including the B-sides of the singles as two bonus tracks.

Rock 'n' Roll Silver has not yet been released on CD in its original form, but Richard's 1984 album The Rock Connection which originally contained 5 tracks from Rock 'n' Roll Silver, also included the remaining 5 tracks as bonus tracks when the remastered CD edition was released in 2004.

Track listing

Silver
Side one
"Silver's Home Tonight" (Craig Pruess, David Reilly) – 3:43
"Hold On" (Sue Shifrin, Terry Britten) – 3:18
"Never Say Die (Give a Little Bit More)" (Sue Shifrin, Terry Britten) – 3:42
"Front Page" (Aleksander John, Nick Battle) – 3:15
"Ocean Deep" (Jonathan Sweet, Rodney Trott) – 5:18

Side two
"Locked Inside Your Prison" (Robert Heatlie) – 3:29
"Please Don't Fall in Love" (Mike Batt) – 3:13
"Baby You're Dynamite" (Doug Flett, Guy Fletcher) – 3:57
"The Golden Days Are Over" (Sue Shifrin, Terry Britten) – 4:17
"Love Stealer" (Phil Wainman, Richard Myhill) – 3:38

CD Bonus tracks (2002)
"Too Close to Heaven" (Mike Batt) – 4:15 (from the B-side of "Please Don't Fall in Love" single, 1983)
"Lucille" (Al Collins, Richard Penniman) – 3:39 (from the B-side of "Never Say Die (Give a Little Bit More)" single, 1983)

Rock 'n' Roll Silver
Side one
"Makin' History" (Mark Griffiths, Graham Lyle) – 3:47
"Move It" (Ian Samwell) – 3:05
"Donna" (Ritchie Valens) – 4:23
"(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear" (Kal Mann, Bernie Lowe) – 3:06
"It'll Be Me" (Jack Clement) – 3:13

Side two
"Lucille" (Richard Penniman, Albert Collins) – 3:39
"Little Bitty Pretty One" (Robert Byrd) – 2:41
"Never Be Anyone Else But You" (Baker Knight) – 4:04
"Be Bop A Lula" (Gene Vincent, Bill "Sheriff Tex" Davis) – 3:17
"Tutti Frutti" (Penniman, Dorothy LaBostrie) – 2:24

Silver (1983 CD Release)
"Silver's Home Tonight" – 3:43
"Hold On" – 3:18
"Never Say Die (Give a Little Bit More)" – 3:42
"Locked Inside Your Prison" – 3:29
"Please Don't Fall in Love" – 3:13
"Baby You're Dynamite" – 3:57
"Love Stealer" – 3:38
"The Golden Days Are Over" – 4:17
"Ocean Deep" – 5:18
"Move It" – 3:05
"Donna" – 4:23
"Be Bop A Lula" – 3:17
"Lucille" – 3:39
"Little Bitty Pretty One" – 2:41
"Never Be Anyone Else But You" – 4:04
"It'll Be Me" – 3:13

Production
"Never Say Die (Give a Little Bit More)" recorded at Mayfair Studios, London, May 1983. Produced by Terry Britten.
"Please Don't Fall in Love" and "Too Close to Heaven" recorded at AIR Studios, March 1983. Produced by Mike Batt.
"Baby You're Dynamite" recorded at Abbey Road Studios, August 1983. Produced by Bruce Welch.
All other tracks recorded at Strawberry Studios South, May–June 1983.
Other Silver tracks produced by Craig Pruess and Cliff Richard.
Rock 'n' Roll Silver produced by Thunder.

Give a Little Bit More

In the United States and Canada, the album was released by EMI America under the title Give a Little Bit More. It had a rearranged track list order and included a cover of the Ritchie Valens song "Donna" which replaced "Front Page". "Donna" was taken from the limited edition UK album Rock 'n' Roll Silver.

Track listing
Side One
"Never Say Die (Give a Little Bit More)"
"Hold On"
"Silver's Home Tonight"
"The Golden Days Are Over"
"Donna"

Side Two
"Locked Inside Your Prison"
"Please Don't Fall in Love"
"Baby You're Dynamite"
"Ocean Deep"
"Love Stealer"

References

1983 albums
Cliff Richard albums
EMI Records albums
Albums produced by Mike Batt
Albums produced by Bruce Welch


Stack Is the New Black is the debut studio album by Australian pop punk band Short Stack, released through Sunday Morning Records on 14 August 2009. It peaked at number 1 on the ARIA Charts and was certified gold in Australia in 2011.

The album was released on vinyl for the first time in July 2023.

Release
The album's track listing was announced on 12 June 2009 through the band's website. The same day the album was also made available for pre-order, with all pre-orders before 17 July receiving a personal phone call from the band, and their name printed in the album's booklet. JB Hi-Fi online also offered a pre-order of a signed album with a free shirt, guitar picks, poster and stickers.

Both songs "The Back of My Head" and "Thick as Thieves" were both written in the band's early years. They were remade for the album, "Thick as Thieves" was previously named "We Breakdance, Not Hearts". It sounded very similar to "Thick as Thieves". Originally, "The Back of My Head" had Andy Clemmensen and Shaun Diviney singing in the chorus and just Andy singing the verses, but this was changed so that Andy sung the verses and Shaun sung the choruses. (Normally, Andy is the backing vocalist and Shaun in the lead vocalist, except on this song.)

Track listing

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certification

See also
 List of number-one albums of 2009 (Australia)

References

2009 albums
Short Stack albums


Harefoot may refer to:
Harold Harefoot, King of England from 1035 to 1040
Harefoot mushroom, Coprinopsis lagopus


The Osaka Mayor's Cup is an ITF Grade A junior tennis tournament. It is held annually in Osaka.

Champions

Boys Singles

Boys Doubles

Girls Singles

Girls Doubles

References

External links
ITF: Osaka Mayor's Cup

Junior tennis
Sport in Osaka
Tennis tournaments in Japan
Recurring sporting events established in 2002
Hard court tennis tournaments


Luis Alberto Nuñez Charales (born 10 December 1983 in Santa Marta) is a Colombian former footballer who played as a left back.

His form in the domestic league has led him to his first call up to the Colombia national football team for the FIFA World Cup qualifier match against Venezuela

On 15 March 2011, he scored a goal in the second half against the Mexican club San Luis in the Copa Libertadores.

International goals

References

External links

1983 births
Living people
Colombian men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Cerro Porteño players
Once Caldas footballers
Cúcuta Deportivo footballers
Independiente Medellín footballers
Boyacá Chicó F.C. footballers
Patriotas Boyacá footballers
Dorados de Sinaloa footballers
Atlético Bucaramanga footballers
Categoría Primera A players
Categoría Primera B players
Paraguayan Primera División players
Colombia men's international footballers
Colombian expatriate men's footballers
Colombian expatriate sportspeople in Paraguay
Colombian expatriate sportspeople in Mexico
Expatriate men's footballers in Paraguay
Expatriate men's footballers in Mexico
Footballers from Santa Marta
Footballers from Magdalena Department


Brendan Reed is an American multi-instrumentalist, composer, artist, and film-maker from Williamsburg, Virginia known for his short films, recordings, compositions, and performances with numerous bands from Montreal, Quebec and Williamsburg, Virginia.

Career
Uneducate Evil released three EPs (featuring six songs each). Each of these EP's were officially untitled but were informally listed and referenced according to the date they were recorded: 6/11/97, 7/3/97, and 9/16/97. All three EPs were compiled onto CD by Villa Villa Nola in 2000 in a release called Secret Trail. Uneducate Evil often performed at local benefits and shows organized by the small community of young musicians sharing recording gear, live sound equipment, and the all-ages performance space at The Shed.  Uneducate Evil rarely performed outside of Virginia but was invited to perform at Oberlin Conservatory of Music (Oberlin, Ohio) in May and July 1996.

The Spartans(1997–1999) consisted of Reed on drums and vocals, Lauginiger on bass guitar and vocals, and Quinn Taylor on guitar and vocals. The group often performed as The Spartans (Volcano River). The band made numerous live recordings and self-released one record (Volcano River in 1998). They rarely performed outside of Virginia but were invited to play at the Rhode Island School of Design  on May 1, 1998.

Brendan Reed was an early member of Arcade Fire, joining the band in 2001. He contributed to the eponymous EP, but quit the band in 2003 onstage, during an encore, following an argument with Win Butler.

In 2002 Reed founded Les Angles Morts with Myles Broscoe, Owain Lawson, and Kyle Fostner, an instrumental group that composed and performed scores for short videos created by the band members. The band released one album, entitled What's Real? (2005) on Blue Skies Turn Black Records, and numerous untitled 3" mini CDs.  The band toured the eastern United States, Quebec, and Ontario. Reed briefly recorded and performed  under the name Secrets of Mana in 2007.

In 2002 Reed founded Let Lowns with guitarist Victoria Morrison.  Let Lowns self-released one album (later released by Villa Villa Nola) called Humbilical Horde (2004). Personal stories about Reed are featured in Jeff Miller's book, Ghost Pine and the Wolf issue of the Ghost Pine Zine.

In 2007 Reed played bass guitar, guitar, and drums in Think About Life. He wrote the lyrics and sang lead vocals on Bastian and The Boar.

Discography
Robes of Alchemy Clad (1989)
Robes of Alchemy Lod (1990)
Robes of Alchemy Dripper Mons (1992)
Evil Colossal Self Serving EP (1994)
The Buttons Always Home Never Home (1997)
The Spartans Volcano River (1998)
Uneducate Evil Secret Trail (1998)
The Buttons Pups Plus (1999)
Nocarsgo Fiery Foe Postulate II (2000)
Arcade Fire Arcade Fire (2002)
The Unicorns Who Will Cut Our Hair When We're Gone? (2003)
Let Lowns Humbilical Horde (2004)
Les Angles Morts What's Real? (2005)
Think About Life Think About Life (2006)
Nocarsgo Maryland Overgrow (2006)
Think About Life Black Champagne (2007)
Clues Clues (2009)

Filmography
WMOK (2000)
Black Lion Horror Cave (2002)
Search for Nazi Gold (2003)
How Where the Redfern Grows Was Ruined for Ry Russo Young (2005)
Forever Cuts (2006)
Finish Hymn (2006)
Cobra (A Choir with No Voice) (2008)
Gorge On! Sugarcube (2010)
Hat Contest (2010)
Pulpit (2010)
Once Touching Now (2011)

References

External links

Living people
American male singer-songwriters
American rock drummers
American rock songwriters
American rock singers
Arcade Fire members
People from Williamsburg, Virginia
Year of birth missing (living people)
Singer-songwriters from Virginia


The Battle of Gallipoli was fought at the end of 1312 or in 1313, between the Byzantines and the Turcopoles led by Halil Pasha. For two years, Thrace was occupied by Halil Pasha (or Halil Edje). Earlier, Byzantine Emperor Michael IX Palaiologos had raised an army which defeated the Turcopoles, and confined them to a fortified camp in the Gallipoli peninsula. These Turcopoles numbered less than 2,000. Michael next asked assistance from his son-in-law, Serbian King Stefan Milutin, and received a 2,000-strong Serbian cavalry troop (possibly Cumans or Serbian heavy cavalry). Milutin had earlier subdued the Turcopoles that took refuge in Serbia. The Byzantine and Genoese ships completed the blockade, the Genoese preventing the Turcopoles from escaping by sea. The Turcopoles first made unsuccessful attempts at breaking free, but decided to surrender to the Genoese, thinking they would not be harsh. However, in the night, by mistake, many Turcopoles fell into the hands of the Byzantines, who slaughtered them and took their belongings. The Genoese executed only those Turcopoles that had many valuables, so they could not get into the hands of the Byzantines, and the rest they sold as slaves. Halil and his men were all massacred. The Serbian contingent took share in the spoils. The Turcopoles had heavy casualties, with few survivors returning to Byzantine service, though little is heard of them afterwards. The victory was made a poem by Manuel Philes. In two chrysobulls of Andronikos II Palaiologos to the Serbian Hilandar monastery, dating to October 1313 and July 1317, he showed gratitude to Stefan Milutin for his aid, as detailed in the prefaces.

Notes

References

Sources

Gallipoli 1312
Gallipoli
1312 in Europe
Gallipoli 1312
History of the Gallipoli Peninsula
1310s in the Byzantine Empire
Gallipoli 1312


The Place des États-Unis (; "United States Square") is a public space in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, France, about  south of the Place de l'Étoile and the Arc de Triomphe.

It consists of a plaza, approximately  long and  wide, tree-lined, well-landscaped, and circumscribed by streets, forming a pleasant and shady vest-pocket park. The park is officially named the Square Thomas Jefferson, but buildings facing it (on three sides) have Place-des-États-Unis addresses. The eastern end of the square, however, is capped by the Avenue d'Iéna and a confluence of streets known as the Place de l'Amiral de Grasse. These streets, all of which lead to the eastern end of Place des États-Unis, are the Rue Freycinet, Rue de Lübeck, Rue de Bassano, and the Rue Georges Bizet.

Other streets entering the Place des États-Unis include: the Rue de l'Amiral d'Estaing, which enters from the south; the Rue Galilée, which transits the western end of the Square Thomas Jefferson; and the Rue Dumont d'Urville which enters the northwestern corner.

History

Name origin

The area around the Place des États-Unis was created by the destruction of the old Passy water reservoirs. (They were reconstructed in 1866 on higher ground, in the triangle formed by three streets: Lauriston, Paul Valéry, and Copernic, about two hundred metres to the west-northwest.)

The Place des États-Unis was originally called the Place de Bitche to honor a town in the Moselle department in northeastern France that resisted the Prussian invasion during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870. However, the square's name was changed after Levi P. Morton, the American ambassador to France, established his residence and his country's embassy there in 1881 after abandoning unsuitable offices a few blocks away at 95, Rue de Chaillot.  The similarity between the name of the Moselle city, Bitche, and the English insult bitch made the Americans uncomfortable, so the chargé d'affaires ordered the préfet for the Seine department to change the name. The French official arranged for the name Place de Bitche to be transferred to another site in the 19th arrondissement, near the Pont de Crimée, and renamed the square outside the ambassador's legation as the Place des États-Unis.

The Statue of Liberty (model)
On 13 May 1885, a bronze model of the Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World) by Frédéric Bartholdi was erected in the center of the Place des États-Unis, directly in front of the American diplomatic mission. Purchased by the Committee of Americans in Paris and offered to the City of Paris, the model was a fund-raising tool, displayed with the aim of inspiring support for the building of the full-sized statue and its transport across the Atlantic.  The model remained in place until 1888.

Statue of Washington and Lafayette
Famed publisher Joseph Pulitzer (1847–1911), impressed by the work Bartholdi had done in executing the Statue of Liberty, commissioned him to produce another statue, one emblematic of the French-American friendship.  The subject matter, General George Washington and Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette, comrades-in-arms during the American Revolutionary War, was an easy choice.  The sculptor designed the bronze statue, which depicts Washington and Lafayette on a marble plinth, clothed in military uniforms, shaking hands; the French and American flags serve as a backdrop.  Dedicated in 1895, the statue was installed in the Place des États-Unis.  A few years later, Charles Broadway Rouss, the New York City department-store tycoon, purchased an exact replica of the Washington-and-Lafayette statue which he donated to the people of New York City for placement in Morningside Park in the Morningside Heights neighborhood of Manhattan.

Monument to Horace Wells
The Place des États-Unis (Square Thomas Jefferson) is the site of a monument to the American dentist, Horace Wells (1815–1848), who was a pioneer in the use of anesthesia.  The monument was dedicated on 27 March 1910 during the tenth session of the FDI World Dental Federation, which was then known as the Fédération dentaire internationale.  On the right side of the base of the monument, the sculptor, René Bertrand-Boutée, incised the medallion of the physiologist, Paul Bert, who was also an early experimenter in anaesthetics, respiration, and asphyxia.

Memorial to the American volunteers

On 4 July 1923, the President of the French Council of State, Raymond Poincaré, dedicated a monument in the Place des États-Unis to the Americans who had volunteered to fight in World War I in the service of France.  The monument, in the form of a bronze statue on a plinth, executed by Jean Boucher (1870–1939), had been financed through a public subscription. Boucher had used a photograph of the soldier and poet, Alan Seeger, as his inspiration, and Seeger's name can be found, among those of twenty-three others who had fallen in the ranks of the French Foreign Legion, on the back of the plinth.  Also, on either side of the base of the statue, are two excerpts from Seeger's "Ode in Memory of the American Volunteers Fallen for France", a poem written shortly before his death on 4 July 1916.  Seeger intended that his words should be read in Paris on 30 May of that year, at an observance of the American holiday, Decoration Day (later known as Memorial Day):

Yet sought they neither recompense nor praise,
Nor to be mentioned in another breath,
Than their blue coated comrades whose great days
It was their pride to share—ay, share even to the death!

[...]

Hail, brothers, and farewell; you are twice blest, brave hearts.
Double your glory is who perished thus,
For you have died for France and vindicated us.

Notable buildings in the Place des États-Unis

 No. 1, Place des États-Unis: the embassy of Kuwait. Originally the townhouse of the Countess Roza Branicka (1863–1941), this place was also a gathering-place for Polish immigrants at the beginning of the twentieth century.
 No. 2: The Ephrussi Mansion. Constructed in 1886 by Ernest Sanson for the banker, Jules Ephrussi (1846–1915).  In 1922, it was acquired by the Egyptian king, Fuad I, whose eventual fall from power prompted the successor government, the Republic of Egypt, to seize it for use as the residence of its ambassador to France.
 No. 3: Here, the American ambassador, Levi Morton, established his residence and, for a brief period, the offices of the entire American legation.  The American novelist, Edith Wharton, also lived here for a time.
 No. 3B: Embassy of Bahrain. This small brick-and-stone building was built for Olga von Meyendorff (1838–1926) before becoming the home of the painter, Théobald Chartran, and his wife, Sylvie. The Chartrans' place was the haunt of artists, writers, and politicians.
No. 4: The Deutsch de la Meurthe Mansion. Originally constructed for the industrialist and aviation pioneer, Henry Deutsch de la Meurthe (1846–1919), this building was, during World War II, occupied by the Gestapo.  Beginning in the late 1940s, it was the residence of Francine Worms-Weisweiller (1916–2003), a descendant of the Deutsch de la Meurthe family, who was the patron of Jean Cocteau, and her husband, the American financier, Alec Weisweiller.
 No. 6: Former home of Prince Alexander Bariatinsky (1870–1910) and of his wife Catherine Alexandrovna Yurievskaya (1878–1959), a daughter of Czar Alexander II of Russia. Today, it is a showroom for the wares of the crystal-maker, Arc International, formerly known as Cristallerie d'Arques
 No. 7: A building constructed on the site of the townhouse Ida Rubinstein, the dancer and patron of the arts, moved into in 1921.  Nothing is left of her home, which was designed and decorated by the great Léon Bakst. The Nazis seized her valuables during their World War II occupation of Paris. Whether the house was razed as an act of wanton destruction or whether it came down under other circumstances is unclear; sources vary.
 No. 8: This attractive private house belonged, at the beginning of the twentieth century, to M. Saint-Paul, an influential counselor of state. Then it housed the renowned literary salon of the poet, Edmée de La Rochefoucauld (1895–1991), a cultivated environment often referred to as the waiting room for the prestigious French Academy.
 No. 10: The De Brantes Building, presently occupied by lawyers' offices.
 No. 11: The Bischoffsheim Building, also called the De Noailles Building, was constructed in 1895 by Ernest Sanson for the financier, Raphaël-Louis Bischoffsheim (1823–1906), and subsequently occupied by his granddaughter, the Viscountess Marie-Laure de Noailles, who provided there a haven for artists and writers. Madame de Noailles supported successful artists Jean Cocteau, Luis Buñuel, and Man Ray. She lived at the Place des États-Unis from age eighteen until her death in 1970.  During her tenure there, she was renowned for throwing exquisite parties and cultural soirees where the guest list often included the likes of Pablo Picasso, Alberto Giacometti, Picabia, Balthus, Henri Matisse, and Salvador Dalí. Between March 14 and June 28, 1919, the American President Woodrow Wilson lived in the house during his second residence in Paris for the work of the Paris Peace Conference, 1919. The house later belonged to the Syrian-born Saudi arms dealer, Akram Ojjeh, then to his widow, Nahed, who sold it to the crystal-maker, Baccarat.  This firm renovated the building with the help of the designer, Philippe Starck, in order to open a luxurious showroom there, a facility it calls "a museum of crystal", and a restaurant named the Crystal Room.
 No. 12: This building, once a vast private house, is now the headquarters of the international liquor company, Pernod-Ricard.
 No. 14: A building constructed in 1910 on the site of the townhouse of the duc d'Isly (duke of Isly).
 No. 16: Hôtel de Yturbe. Having served as the American embassy, this structure became the property of Francisco-María de Yturbe y Anciola, the former Finance Minister of Mexico, who spent the last years of his life living there.  It then passed to his oldest son, Francisco-Tirso de Yturbe, another Mexican diplomat posted to Paris, then to his second son, Miguel de Yturbe, also a diplomat.  Miguel de Yturbe married María Teresa Limantour, daughter of José Yves Limantour, who was also Finance Minister of Mexico for eighteen years under President Porfirio Díaz.
 No. 17: Presently the headquarters of the Association of Regional Daily Newspapers (Syndicat de la presse quotidienne régionale, or SPQR), the building was occupied by Count Charles Cahen d'Anvers and his wife, the countess.  Cahen d'Anvers was the man who, in 1935, donated the château at Champs-sur-Marne to the French state.  The Lebanese businessman, Samir Traboulsi, lived here at the time of the Pechiney-Triangle political corruption scandal involving the French firm, Pechiney, and the American aluminum can company, Triangle.
 No. 18: A building at the western end of the Square Thomas Jefferson, constructed by the architect, Pierre Humbert (b. 1848), for the young and wealthy Mademoiselle Mathilde de Montesquiou-Fézensac (1884–1960), who, much later, in 1920, married the musician and composer, Charles-Marie Widor (1844–1937), when she was 36 years old and he was 76.

Notes and references

External links

Buildings and structures in the 16th arrondissement of Paris
France–United States relations
History of Paris
Etats-Unis
Statue of Liberty


Speranza is the Italian word for hope.  It could refer to one of several things:

People
 Alessandro Speranza, an Italian composer
 Giovanni Speranza, an Italian soccer player
 Guy Speranza, a US singer with the band Riot
 M. Grazia Speranza, Italian applied mathematician and operations researcher
 Norma Jean Speranza, the birth name of US pop singer Jill Corey
 Sandro Finocchio Speranza, the birth name of Sandro Finoglio, a Venezuelan TV show host
 Vincent Speranza, an American WW2 veteran
 A pseudonym used by the Irish poet Jane Wilde

Films
 Il viale della speranza, a 1953 Italian drama film directed by Dino Risi
 La grande speranza, a 1954 anti-war film
 Due soldi di speranza, a 1952 film directed by Renato Castellani
 Il Cammino della speranza, a 1950 Italian language drama film directed by Pietro Germi

Other
 Speranza (moth), a genus of geometrid moths
 Speranza (festival), an annual youth festival of the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
 Speranza Motors, a brand used by Chery Automobile
 Speranza Park, the former home of the Toledo Maumees baseball team
 Icaria Speranza, a colony of the Icarians utopian movement
 A character in Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene


Poland and the Czech Republic are both members of the European Union and of NATO. Both joined the EU simultaneously on 1 May 2004. They also both joined NATO on 12 March 1999. Both countries, together with Slovakia and Hungary, form the Visegrád Group, which is an important regional group in Central Europe. Both countries are also members of the Bucharest Nine, Three Seas Initiative, OECD, OSCE, Council of Europe and the World Trade Organization.

They share 796 km (495 mi) of the Czech Republic–Poland border, which can be crossed anywhere without border control under the Schengen Agreement.
The two countries first joined NATO in 1999 and then the European Union in 2004.

History
Relations date back to the Middle Ages, when both countries were established in the 9th-10th century. The founding Piast and Přemyslid dynasties, of Poland and Czechia (Bohemia) respectively, intermarried several times. Prime examples include first Polish ruler Mieszko I who married Princess Doubravka of Bohemia, and first Bohemian king Vratislaus II who married Princess Świętosława of Poland.

Modern relations

There is a Polish Institute in Prague.

April 17–18, 2010, were declared days of national mourning in the Czech Republic to commemorate the 96 victims of the Smolensk air disaster, including Polish President Lech Kaczyński and his wife Maria Kaczyńska.

In a 2010 poll conducted by CVVM in the Czech Republic, relations with Poland were ranked as the second best out of 13 countries, after Slovakia, with 92% of respondents viewing them as very good or rather good.
In 1993, according to polls, the Czechs were liked by 38% of Poles, with 28% negative opinions. There has been a big improvement since then, and recently the Czechs are among the most-liked nations in Poland, leading in the polls since 2010 (53% of favourable opinions in 2010, 56% in 2019).

Polish firefighters helped in flood recovery in the Czech Republic during the 2002 and 2013 floods.

The Czech Republic and Poland are important trading partners. In 2019, Poland was the third largest source of imports and export destination for the Czech Republic, whereas the Czech Republic was the seventh largest source of imports and the second largest export destination for Poland.

In February 2021, the Czech Republic sued Poland over the Turów Coal Mine at the European Court of Justice, the first time that an EU member state had sued another one over an environmental issue.

Czechia and Poland co-hosted the 2021 Men's European Volleyball Championship.

Polish firefighters and police pilots helped extinguish the 2022 wildfires in the Czech Republic.

European Union
Both countries became members of the European Union in 2004.

NATO
Both countries became members of NATO in 1999.

Resident diplomatic missions
 Czech Republic has an embassy in Warsaw.
 Poland has an embassy in Prague and a consulate-general in Ostrava.

Honorary consulates
There are honorary consulates of the Czech Republic in Bydgoszcz, Częstochowa, Łódź, Opole, Poznań, Szczecin and Wrocław, and an honorary consulate of Poland in Brno.

See also
 Polish–Czechoslovak border conflicts
 Polish-Czech Forum
 Polish–Czech Friendship Trail
 Polish minority in the Czech Republic
 Czechoslovakia–Poland relations
 2004 enlargement of the European Union
 Czechs in Poland
 Poland in the European Union

References

Bilateral relations of Poland
Poland


WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2010 (sometimes subtitled with featuring ECW) is a professional wrestling video game developed by Yuke's and published by THQ for PlayStation 2 (PS2), PlayStation 3 (PS3), PlayStation Portable (PSP), Wii, Nintendo DS, Xbox 360, and iOS. It was released worldwide in October 2009, with the PS3 and Xbox 360 versions for Japan in January 2010. TOSE oversaw the development for the Nintendo DS version, which was the last installment to be released for the handheld. 2010 was also the first installment to be released as an iPhone app, launching on App Store on December 23 the same year.

SmackDown vs. Raw 2010 is the eleventh overall installment in the video game series based on the professional wrestling promotion World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), the successor to 2008's SmackDown vs. Raw 2009, and the sixth game under the SmackDown vs. Raw name; named after the promotion's SmackDown and Raw brands. It was also the third and final game to feature the promotion's ECW brand before its dissolution on February 16, 2010.

The game adds several new features focused around customization, such as a Story Designer that allows players to create their own storylines, "Road to Wrestlemania", an expansion on the "Create-a-Finisher" mode to include aerial techniques. New additions exclusive to the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 versions are the customization of attire colors in a mode called "Superstar Threads", a revamped "Create-a-Superstar" mode, and a paint tool for creating logos to use on their created characters.

The game was succeeded by WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2011 in 2010.

Gameplay

Create modes

"Create modes" have received a complete overhaul from past years' editions. The game introduces the "WWE Story Designer" mode, where the player can now design storylines for WWE's weekly shows and pay-per-view events with storylines, scenarios, and matches of their creations using a variety of preset options. There are over 100 different animations and 25 different locations to design each scene. Subtitles can be written in through a controller or through a USB keyboard. The player can now control how long the storylines goes on, how many WWE Superstars or Divas are involved, and what takes place in the storylines. The match-making feature allows the player to set a match type, set a stipulation, and set any winning conditions. In addition to using created superstars, the player may also integrate actual WWE superstars and Divas into their created storylines, scenarios, or matches. On the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 versions, each storyline can feature up to 500 segments including 450 matches and 50 scenarios, while the Wii, PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable versions have a limit of 55 segments. Created wrestlers are limited in the PS3 and Xbox 360 versions to ten appearances in the mode.

The "Create-a-Superstar" mode in the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 versions now feature three-dimensional apparel that moves realistically with each movement. A new point system has been implemented where each item is given a point value and the player is able to attach up to 48 points of items. For each created wrestler, the player can create up to three alternate attires for them. The mode also features an additional "Paint Tool" in which players can create their own design that they can use as to use as a logo or a tattoo for their created wrestler. The Xbox 360 and the PlayStation 3 versions also introduce a new mode called "Superstar Threads", in which the player can create three alternate attires for existing wrestlers in the game by customizing the colors of their attire. This mode is not available for the Wii version of the game.

Unlocking abilities for a created superstar has been made easier, as players no longer have to assign points or take the created superstar into a career mode specifically to improve their attributes. Instead, attributes can be increased in all modes of the game, including regular exhibition matches as well as the "Create-a-Superstar" story in the "Road to Wrestlemania" mode. The maximum threshold is extended by 5 points in one or two categories, depending on how the player performed in the match. Available attribute points are determined by what happens in each match. There are 21 unlockable abilities, which are easier to unlock that in previous years. This time, players are required to build up certain attributes to unlock the option of certain skills. These can be assigned in "Create-A-Moveset" mode, and include new skills such as "Fired Up", "Pull Back Attacks", "Exploder Turnbuckle Attack", and others. "Create-a-Finisher" has also been reworked, with the mode expanded to include aerial techniques. The player is also able to adjust the jumping trajectory and speed of the maneuver.

The Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 versions are able to share created wrestlers, moves, and shows online with other players. The player can also rate other creations online in terms of quality. A new addition to the previous year's "Highlight Reel" mode is a compilation of the match's highlights will be listed after each match. The player can subsequently choose to watch or save any of these highlights. Players are also able to convert their "Highlight Reels" into entrance movies for their created wrestlers. The PlayStation 3 versions enables uploads of "Highlight Reels" directly onto YouTube.

A new addition to the game this year is the "WWE Rivals" option, which allows the player to set superstars' allies and enemies. The feature can be used to the player's advantage or disadvantage in exhibition matches with the interference option on. If a superstar is set as an enemy, then that enemy may appear during the peak of a match. The enemy has a number of choices including standing by the ring and breaking up pinfalls, using his or her finisher, or coming in with a weapon. Allies work in a similar fashion. The intensity of the rivalry or alliance can be changed by changing the position of where the certain superstars are slotted.

Match gameplay
SmackDown vs. Raw 2010 features new additions to match gameplay. A new feature that has been added is the "THQ Training Facility", a tutorial option. The player is able to choose a superstar, their non-player character opponent (or they may choose to play with another player), the match type, and the game or match settings. During the match, various pop-ups will appear with different instructions on how to perform actions, such as the grapples or maneuvers available to be performed. There are over 100 training tips available to the player.

For the first time since WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2007, the game features four strong grapples, with players now also able to switch between each grapples. Other new move positions include moves involving superstars standing on the ring's apron and a change in ground grapples with side grapple moves and separate moves for opponents depending whether they are on their stomach or back. All diving attacks were reanimated to look more realistic.

The game features a revamped HUD that cuts down the on-screen information. The momentum meter now appears as a small halo underneath each superstar, while HUD icons and information relevant to the match are displayed around the superstar. On-screen body damage meters are now replaced by visual cues from superstars indicating where they are damaged. The game also adopts the "pinfall kickout mechanism" used in the WWE Legends of WrestleMania  video game, in which the player can either hold a face button or button mash to fill up a meter for kicking out of a pinfall attempt. A new reversal system replaces the old two-button system from previous games. The new single-button reversal system makes timing a competitive skill, with the player given only one chance to press the reversal key when the icon appears.

New match stipulations include the Championship Scramble match that was first introduced at WWE's 2008 Unforgiven event. Another new match type is the mixed tag team match.

The Royal Rumble match has been revamped. As well as eliminating opponents off the apron like in the previous games, the player can now eliminate other wrestlers in the match by using the ring ropes and the turnbuckles. Eliminations in the match are done either by mini-games in these areas or by the player using finishing moves to eliminate other wrestlers. Finishing moves can also save wrestlers from elimination. On the home consoles version, the number of different backstage areas in the Backstage Brawl match has been increased to five areas; or 14 backstage areas in the DS version. With the exception of the First Blood match, the Hell in a Cell match, the Elimination Chamber match and the Royal Rumble match, Divas are now able to participate in all other the match types However, apart from the mixed tag team match, intergender match-ups are no longer allowed.

Nintendo versions
The Wii version of the game has also been reworked, with the motion gameplay and control scheme having been modified similar to that of the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 versions. The player now has more control options, including the use of the GameCube controller, Wii Remote, and the Wii Classic Controller. The Wii version also includes many of the features found on the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 versions, including the create-a-finisher mode for the first time, but the game doesn't include online support.

The DS version introduces the Ambulance match for the first time.
. Gameplay can now be seen from an elevated camera, in addition, the maneuvers are now also controlled by using the device's buttons instead of touch screen. 2010 features an increase in speed, unlike past games.

A new feature to the DS version is a collectible card system. The player is able to collect cards that feature power-ups that may be activated in the ring such as calling in a wrestler to interfere in the match, or that feature unlockables such as create-a-superstar parts and match types.

Game modes
The Road to WrestleMania features six new stories starring various WWE wrestlers. The mode introduces a Diva-based story involving Mickie James, and a story specifically for one of the player's created wrestlers. This year's co-operative storyline, titled "Brand Warfare", features Triple H and John Cena. The remaining three stories involve Edge, Shawn Michaels, and Randy Orton respectively. Road to WrestleMania also includes storylines that branch out through interactive cutscenes before and during WrestleMania 25.

The DS version also features a revamped story mode in which the player will participate in various storylines. Along the way, the player has to compete in matches, in addition to being able to improve a created wrestler's statistics, nursing the wounds suffered by the player's wrestler, or visiting WWE Chairman Vince McMahon's office.

Roster

WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2010 features 67 in-game superstars and divas on each console, with the debuts of 13 new superstars to the series. The Nintendo DS version features 30 superstars, and the Mobile version features 11 superstars. The majority of the roster was revealed on September 16 during a live webcast hosted by GameSpot, featuring The Miz, Eve Torres and Howard Finkel as guests. The roster in the 2010 edition is split into six classifications: Raw, SmackDown, ECW, WCW, legends, and free agents. Like the previous game, players can choose to change the character's classification in a roster editor called Superstar Management.

An extra character, Stone Cold Steve Austin, was also featured as downloadable content on the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 versions. The character could be downloaded by a code obtained when purchased at GameStop, EB Games or Game.

Development
The first announcement for the game was made in May 2009, when during an earnings call with investors, THQ declared their intent to release the next installment in the series later in the year. The game's development was officially revealed at E3 2009 by WWE, Yuke's, and THQ.

For the first time in the series, WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2010 implements the Havok game engine. The software was used in the game to improve collision detection. In a podcast with IGN, THQ game designer Bryan Williams said Havok was slowly implemented into the series with this year's game only focusing on small areas such as collisions between wrestlers and the ring ropes as well as collisions between themselves, with later installments incorporating Havok more. Consideration for the use of Havok in the series was previously announced by THQ in March 2009 during Havok's presentation at the Game Developers Conference in Austin, Texas.

The game also saw some graphical improvements within the series, with blood from the cuts on wrestlers' heads now smearing on any wrestlers that contact the wound. Wrestler's chests will also turn red after taking numerous chops.

Game developers

Soundtrack
The game's soundtrack features eight licensed songs from Adelitas Way, Lions, Lynyrd Skynyrd, The Parlor Mob, Sick Puppies, Skillet and Trivium. Several songs have been used by WWE as theme songs for their PPVs ("You're Going Down" for Extreme Rules, "Still Unbroken" for Breaking Point, "Monster" for Hell in a Cell (2009), and "Hero" for the 2010 Royal Rumble) and shows ("Invincible", which was the theme song to WWE Superstars).

Marketing and release
The game was promoted under the tagline "It's Your World Now", referring to the new customization features available to the player. The first video of gameplay footage was revealed on the August 11 edition of Late Night with Jimmy Fallon during an interview with wrestler Triple H, showing a match between Triple H and a created Jimmy Fallon.

A trailer announcing and promoting the game's new customization features was released on August 20 at GameSpot. This was a change from the previous years of the series in which features were announced earlier in a month like April. The reasoning for this was to build up anticipation and excitement in a shorter period with more information about the game, as well as preventing any overlap with the promotion over WWE Legends of WrestleMania, a video game that was also developed by Yuke's.

A television commercial for the game was later released in October, starring Kelly Kelly, Kofi Kingston, and John Cena, and featuring the song "Step Up (I'm On It)" by Maylene & The Sons of Disaster.

The game was featured on the No. 18 & the No.20 cars of Kyle Busch & Joey Logano at the Nationwide Series Race at Texas.

Certain stores also featured special bonuses bundled with the game when pre-ordered. GameStop, EB Games and Game gave away codes that would enable the player to download a Stone Cold Steve Austin character for free. Other stores gave away cheat codes to unlock certain superstars and arenas such as The Rock when purchased at Play.com, and two backstage areas, Vince McMahon's office, and the Dirt Sheet studio, if the game was preordered at Amazon.co.uk. If the game was preordered at HMV, players got a free Rey Mysterio DVD.

The game was originally slated to have an American release date of November 10, 2009, but the release date was subsequently moved forward to October 20. A playable demo for the game was made available for attendees of WWE's SummerSlam Axxess fan convention on August 22 and 23. Unlike previous years, there was not a wide release of the demo.

Reception

WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2010 was met with mostly positive reception from numerous video game publications. The majority of positive reviews were for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 versions. GamesMaster magazine rated the Xbox 360 version with 90%, giving it the publication's GamesMaster Gold Award, calling it a "true return to form for the evergreen series". Oliver Hurley from the PlayStation Official Magazine rated the PS3 version an 8 out of 10, mentioning that while gameplay was "much the same as ever" and that it lacked the "punching power" seen in UFC 2009 Undisputed (also produced by THQ and Yuke's), the game's create modes "makes this the deepest, most playable WWE game yet". IGN reviewer Greg Miller rated both the Xbox 360 and PS3 versions an 8.5 out of 10, mentioning that while the game "still stumbles" in areas and that it "might not be the greatest wrestling game of all time", the improvement in gameplay, presentation and create modes makes this wrestling game "the best the world's seen in years". Both 1UP.com and VideoGamer.com declared WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2010 the best game in the series to date, with the former calling it "ultimate wrestling gamer's sandbox".

The game has also received some criticism. Game Revolution'''s Nick Tan questioned the game's tagline with restrictions in the Story Designer and create-a-superstar modes, and instead declared it as "Your World Now. Some Restrictions Apply". The UK version of Official Xbox Magazine was heavily critical of the game, rating it 6 out of 10 and criticizing the lack of any progress made towards the game's engine as well as the loading times.

As well as the Xbox 360 and PS3 versions, IGN also reviewed the PS2, PSP, Wii, Nintendo DS and iPhone versions. Greg Miller gave the PS2 and Wii versions 8 out 10, praising the gameplay and additional content featured in the PS2 version as well as calling the Wii version the best game of the series on that console. However, Miller criticized the lack of online support on the Wii and commented that the tweaks to the game didn't "play as well on the PSP as they played on the PS3" and that the "whole experience still feels stiff". Reviewer Mark Bozon also commented on the Wii version, calling the switch to buttons a "win/lose situation", with the sacrifice of the Wii-exclusive features in the previous two games has helped the core game get stronger, of which he approved. On the Nintendo DS version, Bozon mentioned that while the game was sluggish in gameplay and that superstars movesets were lacking in areas, the switch to button controls "paid off" and it was "closer to the No Mercy'' system than ever before". Miller gave the iPhone version a score of 2.5 out of 10 and called it "a pretty shallow experience" filled with basic menus and "ugly" visuals.

See also
 List of fighting games
 List of licensed wrestling video games
 List of video games in the WWE Games series

References

External links

2009 video games
IOS games
Multiplayer online games
Nintendo DS games
PlayStation 2 games
PlayStation 3 games
PlayStation Portable games
Sports video games with career mode
Tose (company) games
Wii games
WWE Raw video games
WWE SmackDown video games
WWE video games
Extreme Championship Wrestling video games
Xbox 360 games
Video games using Havok
THQ games
Yuke's games
Video games developed in Japan
Video games with custom soundtrack support
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Mobile games
Professional wrestling games
ECW (WWE brand)


Gaurie Pandit Dwivedi (née Pandit; born 1982) is an Indian model and actress who has worked in Bollywood, Telugu and Kannada movies. She made her acting debut as lead actress opposite Gopichand in the 2005 Telugu film Andhrudu. She then appeared in one Bollywood movie and several Telugu and Kannada films.

Early life
Gowri was born in New Delhi and did her schooling from Springdales, Dhaula Kuan. She then completed her graduation from the Institute of integrated learning in management New Delhi.

From a young age, she aspired to be an actress and trained herself accordingly. At a very early stage, she started getting modeling assignments from some of the Top Brands and agencies of the country. Soon she went on to bag prestigious modeling assignments in Paris and Tokyo before stepping into the world of acting.

Career
Gowri started her career as a model and appeared in many TV commercials of big brands. One of her most popular ads was the Hero Honda commercial along with Barun Sobti. She then went on to sign her first Telugu film Andhrudu which was a smash hit in the year 2005. Initially, she was not keen about acting in regional films and wanted a career in Bollywood.

She made her Bollywood debut with the 2007 film It's Breaking News. Her next release was multi-starrer Telugu romantic drama film Kasko (2009) directed by G. Nageswara Reddy alongside Vaibhav Reddy and Shweta Basu Prasad. She then starred in films like director G. Ashok’s debut Telugu film Aakasa Ramanna (2010). In the same year, she did her first Kannada movie Jayahe. In the following years, she starred in Telugu films like Nithya Pellikoduku (2011), Rajendra (2011) and Housefull (2012).

Personal life
In 2011 she tied the knot with actor Nikhil Dwivedi who then also turned producer and produced Hindi films such as Veere Di Wedding in 2018 and Dabangg 3 with Salman Khan in 2019. The couple has a son, Shivaan.

Filmography

References

External links

Actresses in Telugu cinema
Female models from Uttar Pradesh
Living people
Actresses in Kannada cinema
Actresses in Hindi cinema
21st-century Indian actresses
Indian film actresses
1982 births


Gascoyne coast can mean:-
 The Western Australian fishery bioregion
 The Western Australian tourist promotion region
 The Bureau of Meteorology coastal forecast region


Claytonia nevadensis,  known by the common names Sierra springbeauty and Sierra Nevada claytonia, is a species of wildflower in the family Montiaceae. The evolutionary relationship of Claytonia nevadensis to other claytonias is a subject of debate and ongoing genetic studies.  Sierra springbeauties are diploid with a chromosome base number of x = 7

Distribution
The wildflower is endemic to northern California and south-central Oregon.

It is native to the Sierra Nevada as far south as Farewell Gap; and is indigenous to the Sweetwater Range, Trinity Mountains, Inner Klamath Range, southern Cascade Range, and northeast to Steens Mountain of the Harney Basin Region of Oregon.  It grows in subalpine habitats such as scree and gravelly snowmelt stream banks.

Description
Claytonia nevadensis is a perennial herb growing from a network of fleshy rhizomes with a small horizontal caudex at ground level. It takes the form of a leafy clump with a stem no longer than about 10 centimeters.

The thick red-green leaves are oval to spade-shaped and a few centimeters long, not counting the longer petiole of the most basal leaves.

The inflorescence is a dense cluster of 2 to 8 flowers which nests in the clump of leaves or arises on a very short stalk. Each flower has five magenta to pink-tinted white petals up to a centimeter long.  The bloom period is July to September.

References

External links
UC CalPhotos gallery of Claytonia nevadensis

nevadensis
Endemic flora of California
Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
Alpine flora
Plants described in 1876
Taxa named by Sereno Watson
Flora without expected TNC conservation status


Phillips Community College of the University of Arkansas (PCC) is a public community college in Helena-West Helena, Arkansas.  The college enrolls 2,350 students (64% female, 36% male) and has been accredited by The Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools the since 1970. , the college has three campuses: the Helena-West Helena Campus, the DeWitt Campus, and the Stuttgart Campus.

History
The college was founded in 1965 with initial classes held in the Naval Reserve Building in Helena, moving in 1968 to the current campus.  Its initial name of Phillips County Community College reflected the college's initial funding from the people of Phillips County.  In 1996, Arkansas County joined the PCCC taxation district and the college name was changed to Phillips Community College.  In 1996 the college acquired the Rice Belt Technical Institute in DeWitt from the state.  Further, the college became part of the University of Arkansas System.  The college is affiliated with the PCCUA Foundation, founded in 1975, to provide private support to the college.

Chancellors
 Dr. John Easley (1965–1988)
 Dr. Steven W. Jones (1988–2003)
 Dr. Steven Murray (2003–2015)
 Dr. Keith Pinchback (2015–present)

Pillow-Thompson House

In 1993 the college received the Pillow-Thompson House in downtown Helena as a historic donation.  The house was built in 1896 by Jerome B. Pillow by descendants of the Pillow family.  The house was designed by George Barber and is noted for its Queen Anne architecture.  Following the donation, the home was renovated to its original style and opened to the public in 1997.

References

External links
Official site

Community colleges in Arkansas
Universities and colleges established in 1965
Buildings and structures in Phillips County, Arkansas
Education in Phillips County, Arkansas
Buildings and structures in Arkansas County, Arkansas
Education in Arkansas County, Arkansas
1965 establishments in Arkansas


Montagu(e) Bertie may refer to:

Montagu Bertie, 2nd Earl of Lindsey (1608–1666), English peer
Montagu Bertie, 5th Earl of Abingdon (1784–1854), English peer
Montagu Bertie, 6th Earl of Abingdon (1808–1884), English peer and British politician
Montagu Bertie, 7th Earl of Abingdon (1836–1928), English peer
Montague Bertie, 11th Earl of Lindsey (1815–1899), English peer
Montague Bertie, 12th Earl of Lindsey (1861–1938), English peer

See also
Montagu Venables-Bertie, 2nd Earl of Abingdon (1673–1743), English peer
Montagu Towneley-Bertie, 13th Earl of Lindsey (1887–1963), English peer


James Caulfeild may refer to:
James Caulfeild, 3rd Viscount Charlemont (1682–1734), Anglo-Irish politician and peer
James Caulfeild, 1st Earl of Charlemont (1728–1799), Irish statesman
James Caulfeild, 3rd Earl of Charlemont (1820–1892), Irish politician and peer
James Caulfeild, 8th Viscount Charlemont (1880–1949), Irish peer, Northern Ireland politician
James Caulfeild (soldier) (1782–1852), soldier and MP for Abingdon


Peng Weijun (; born February 23, 1973) is a retired Chinese football player who is the younger brother of former Chinese international Peng Weiguo. In his career, he played for Happy Valley, Guangzhou Apollo, Shenzhen Jinpeng, Qingdao Jonoon and Shenyang Ginde before he retired, where he has since become a businessman.

Background
Peng Weijun is of Hakka ethnicity and his father originates from Jiexi, Guangdong.

Club career
Peng Weijun would follow in his older brothers footsteps Peng Weiguo and started his career with top tier side Guangzhou Apollo. While his brother established himself as vital member of the team Peng Weijun would only be a squad player and moved to second tier football club Shenzhen Jinpeng to gain more playing time in 1996. He would then be part of the squad that moved to Yunnan as the club changed their name to Yunnan Hongta before he had the chance to join another top tier side in Qingdao Jonoon where in the 2000 league season he scored the fastest goal in Chinese football history against his old club Yunnan Hongta.

International career
He was a member of China Olympic National Team 1994–1995.

References

External links
Player profile at sodasoccer.com

1973 births
Living people
Chinese men's footballers
Footballers from Guangzhou
Hakka sportspeople
People from Jiexi
Businesspeople from Guangzhou
Guangzhou F.C. players
Qingdao Hainiu F.C. (1990) players
Changsha Ginde players
Happy Valley AA players
Hong Kong First Division League players
Men's association football midfielders


The following is an outline of 1989 in spaceflight.

Launches

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Deep-space rendezvous

References

Footnotes

Spaceflight by year


Baron Edmond Adolphe Maurice Jules Jacques de Rothschild or Baron Edmond de Rothschild (30 September 1926 – 2 November 1997) was a French-Swiss banker, the founder of the Edmond de Rothschild Group in 1953. His investments extended to vineyards, yacht racing, farming and hospitality.

Scion of the Rothschild banking family of France, he was the only son of Maurice and Noémie de Rothschild. He married Nadine Lhopitalier in 1963 with whom he had one child, Benjamin de Rothschild. He was reportedly the richest member of the Rothschild family until his death in 1997. He was the great-great-grandson of Sephardi-Jew of Portuguese descent Jacob Rodrigues Pereira.

Family
The only son of Baron Maurice de Rothschild (1881-1957) and Baroness Noémie de Rothschild (née Halphen; 1888-1968), Edmond Adolphe was born into the Rothschild banking family of France. He was the grandson of Edmond James de Rothschild (1845-1934) and great-grandson of the French branch's founder James Mayer de Rothschild (1792-1868).

Edmond de Rothschild's family was forced to move from France to Switzerland in July 1940, after Maurice de Rothschild, Edmond's father, was declared a noncitizen. Maurice was part of the 80 members of France's Upper House to oppose the pro-Nazi Vichy regime openly, voting against giving full powers to Maréchal Philippe Pétain.

Baron Edmond de Rothschild’s first marriage was with the Bulgarian artist Veselinka Vladova Gueorguieva in 1958. They separated shortly afterwards and the union was dissolved. On June 26, 1963, the Baron married the French actress Nadine Nelly Jeannette Lhopitalier, also known by her stage name as Nadine Tallier,  whom he had met in 1960. They had a son, Benjamin Edmond Maurice Adolphe Henri Isaac (1963-2021).

Biography

Banking

Edmond de Rothschild attended the International School of Geneva. He studied at the University of Geneva and at the Faculty of Law in Paris.

Shortly after finishing his studies, Edmond de Rothschild joined the de Rothschild Frères bank where he worked for 3 years. In 1953, he founded his first company, La Compagnie Financière Edmond de Rothschild, which became his main investment arm. In 1965, he launched Banque Privée Edmond de Rothschild, and developed branches in Lugano (1968), Luxembourg (1969), Fribourg (1989) and Lausanne (1992). In 1969, he established the first hedge fund of funds.

In 1961, after visiting a Club Med vacation center in Israel, the Baron decided to settle the business debt of the company, back then on the brink of bankruptcy, and invest in its development. He owned 34% of Club Med (around 10 million francs worth of shares) which was listed in the Paris stock exchange in 1966. He acquired a major stake in the Bank of California in 1973, for $22 million, establishing it as a holding company for his investments in the United States. He kept his share of the company until 1984, year he sold it at three times its original value to Mitsubishi Bank. In 1976, he was approached by the French businessmen Vincent Bolloré to back him in rebooting his family business. Edmond de Rothschild joined in and left the Bolloré saga in 1981. In 1985, he bought 45% of the French flower retailer Monceau Fleurs. His group held this share until 2001.

Edmond de Rothschild invested heavily in the Tel-Aviv-based Israel General Bank, contributing to the newly-created State of Israel. He later became president of this institution. After the Six-Day War, the Baron contributed to the creation of the Israel Corporation Investment fund when, in 1968, he was invited alongside other wealthy individuals by Israeli Finance Minister Pinchas Sapir to the so-called Millionaire's Conference. Each guest was asked to invest $100,000 in the creation of the Corporation. He also promoted major projects in the country via the Clali Bank, another of his ventures in Israel, which he sold in 1996. The Baron was President of the Caesarea Development Corporation and of the Israel European Company Isrop (in Luxembourg). He contributed to the creation of the Supreme Court building in Jerusalem. and was the founder of multiple cultural and educational institutions in Israel.

In 1982, he acquired a 10% share of his cousin David's new venture, Rothschild & Co. This investment lasted until 2018, after the cousin companies settled a legal dispute over the use of the Rothschild family name. Edmond de Rothschild was also a major shareholder of the Italian bank Banca Tiburtina, and minority shareholder of Banca Privata Solari & Blum in Lugano, Banque de Gestion Edmond de Rothschild in Luxembourg, and the Israel General Bank in Tel-Aviv, as well as investments in De Beers Consolidated Mines.

Edmond de Rothschild died of emphysema on 2 November 1997 in Geneva at the age of 71.  He was buried at the Château Clarke. His son Benjamin succeeded him at the head of the Compagnie Financière Edmond de Rothschild.

Sailing

At the tail end of the 1960s, Baron Edmond de Rothschild revitalized the family tradition for yacht racing, shifting the focus from motorboats to monohull sailboats. He commissioned six new Gitanas (III to VIII) designed by prominent firms of naval architects. These newfangled ships were successful in competitions such as the RORC races, and the 1965 Fastnet Race won by the Gitana IV. Being especially fond of larger racing ships, the Baron created the A Class or "Maxi" class, a racing category comprising yachts exceeding 21 m (70 ft) in length.

In 2001, his son Benjamin founded the Gitana Team of racing yachts. In 2017, the Gitana Team introduced the 32x23-meter Maxi Edmond de Rothschild (Gitana 17), the offshore racing's first maxi-multihull designed to fly in the open ocean.

Wines, hospitality, nature

In 1973, Edmond de Rothschild bought Château Clarke, a 12th century estate in the Médoc region. From 1974 to 1978, he remodeled the abandoned domain and created around 133 acres of vineyards. He was an investor in Domaines Barons Rothschild, which owned Château Lafite Rothschild and Chateau Rieussec, and also developed the vineyards of Peyre-Lebade and Malmaison.

He also held a major stake in Savour Club, a large mail-order wine business. Days before his death, the Baron published  in which he recollected his knowledge and experiences in wine production and tasting. Two special accolades were posthumously named in his honor in 1998: the "Baron Edmond de Rothschild Prize for Young Sommeliers" awarded by the Parisian Sommeliers Association, and the "Edmond de Rothschild Prize" for best wine book of the year.

Edmond de Rothschild inherited the Domaine du Mont d'Arbois. In 1960, he bought the Chalet Eve. Three years later, he expanded and renovated the Palace des Neiges and bought the Gervais Chalet. In 1964, he integrated a golf course designed by British golfer Sir Henry Cotton to the domain. In 1979, the chalet was rehabilitated as a hotel and renamed Chalet du Mont d'Arbois.

Edmond de Rothschild owned a 4,000-acre land east of Paris, acquired by his ancestors during the 18th century, where he established the farm Domaine des Trente Arpents which mainly produced the artisanal cheese Brie de Meaux.

Philanthropy

Edmond Adolphe de Rothschild gave furniture, tapestries, and paintings to the Château de Versailles. His gifts of the 18th-century French decorative arts pieces to the Israel Museum in Jerusalem now constitute the Rothschild Room at that institution. He bequeathed an important classical vase (Le Don de la Vigne) to the Musée d'Art et d'Histoire of Geneva through a donation carried out by his wife, Nadine de Rothschild, in 1998.

In France, Edmond de Rothschild supported the children's welfare association Œuvre pour la protection des enfants juifs (OPEJ), originally founded to aid children of Jewish victims of the Vichy-era deportations. He became its president in 1969, offering OPEJ the Château de Maubuisson north of Paris (Val d'Oise). Under his guidance, the OPEJ was opened to all children regardless of faith or family background in 1981. Nadine de Rothschild continued this work after her husband's death. The institution has been presided by members of his family ever since.

Edmond de Rothschild's grandfather, Baron Edmond James de Rothschild, had set up the acquisition of lands in Ottoman Palestine for Jewish development in the 1800s. In the 1950s, Edmond de Rothschild donated the family's property to the new Israeli State. In 1953, he gave 7,500 acres of the town of Caesarea to the newly created Caesarea Rothschild Foundation which was co-owned by the Israeli state. The Foundation was tasked with the redistribution of Caesarea's profits to education programs in Israel.

Distinctions
 1990: Officier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
 1994: Officier of the Legion of Honour

See also
 Rothschild family
 Edmond de Rothschild Group
 Edmond de Rothschild Heritage
 Edmond de Rothschild Foundations

Further reading

References

External links
 Edmond de Rothschild Group

1926 births
1997 deaths
Edmond Adolphe
Deaths from emphysema

French art collectors
French bankers
French people of German-Jewish descent
French people of Portuguese-Jewish descent
French philanthropists
International School of Geneva alumni


Maturango Museum is located in Ridgecrest, California. The museum is best known for the guided tours of the Coso Rock Art District located on China Lake Naval Weapons Station. The museum offers exhibits and displays featuring both the natural and the cultural history and diversity of the Northern Mojave Desert with exhibits of animals, plants, rocks and minerals, Native American artifacts, and contemporary arts and crafts.

About
This small museum was founded in 1962 and originally designed to highlight the history of Ridgecrest and nearby China Lake. The museum was named after the highest peak in the close by Argus Range.

The town of Ridgecrest, where the museum is located, is surrounded by four mountain ranges: the Sierra Nevada on the west, the Cosos on the north, the Argus Range on the east, and the El Paso Mountains on the south. It is approximately 80 miles from the Lancaster/Palmdale area and approximately  from both Bakersfield and San Bernardino, the three nearest major urban centers.

Since 2014, Debbie Benson has served as director of the museum.

See also
 List of museums in California
 Historic landmarks in California
List of nature centers in California
National Register of Historic Places listings in Kern County, California
 Ridgecrest Petroglyph Festival

References

External links
Maturango Museum Home Page
Maturango Museum (DesertUSA)
Historical Society of the Upper Mojave Desert
Ridgecrest Desert Wildflower Festival

Museums in Kern County, California
History museums in California
Natural history museums in California
Native American museums in California
Mojave Desert
Ridgecrest, California
Paleontology in California
History of Kern County, California
Natural history of the Mojave Desert
Museums established in 1962
1962 establishments in California