This Bruce Barrymore Halpenny bibliography is a list of books by the author and military historian Bruce Barrymore Halpenny.  The author wrote for many magazines in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s – some under his own name and some under pseudonyms.  At one time he was writing articles for up to 14 military journals around the world when he was approached by the publishers Patrick Stephens to do the airfield books due to his vast knowledge and authority.  Books are in order by date.

List of books

 Action Stations: Wartime Military Airfields of Lincolnshire and the East Midlands v. 2 (Hardcover)  (1981)
 Action Stations: Military Airfields of Yorkshire v. 4 (Hardcover)  (1982)
 English Electric/BAC Lightning (Hardcover)  (1984)
 To Shatter the Sky: Bomber Airfield at War (Hardcover) (1984)
 Action Stations: Military Airfields of Greater London v. 8 (Hardcover)  (1984)
 Ghost Stations (Paperback)  (1986)
 Fight for the Sky: Stories of Wartime Fighter Pilots (Hardcover)  (1986)
 Aaargh!: Ghosts, Mystery, Superstition (Paperback)  (1989)
 Wartime Poems (Paperback)  (1990)
 Action Stations: Military Airfields of Yorkshire v. 4 (Hardcover) (Updated version with new material)  (1990)
 Ghost Stations: True Ghost Mystery Stories: No. 3 (Paperback)  (1990)
 Action Stations: Wartime Military Airfields of Lincolnshire and the East Midlands v. 2 (Hardcover) (Updated version with new material)  (1991)
 Ghost Stations: True Ghost Mystery Stories: No. 4 (Paperback)  (1991)
 Little Nellie 007 (Paperback)  (1991)
 Ghost Stations: True Ghost Mystery Stories: No. 5 (Paperback)  (1993)
 Action Stations: Military Airfields of Greater London v. 8 (Hardcover) (Updated version with new material)  (1993)
 Ghost Stations: True Ghost Mystery Stories: No. 6 (Paperback)  (1994)
 Brother Wolf, Wolf Preservation Foundation. . (1994)
 Ghost Stations 7 (Paperback)  (1995)
 Layman's Guide to Protecting Yourself and Your Property Against Crime (Paperback)  (1995)
 Ghost Stations 8 (Paperback)  (1998)
 An English Town: Market Rasen (Paperback) () (2004)
 Bomber Aircrew of World War II: True Stories of Frontline Air Combat (Paperback)  (2004)
 Bullets in the Morning...Bullets at Night: The Italian Campaign (Paperback)  (2004)
 Fighter Pilots in World War II: True Stories of Frontline Air Combat (Paperback)  (2004)
 English Electric Canberra: The History and Development of a Classic Jet (Hardcover)  (2005)
 Avro Vulcan: The History and Development of a Classic Jet (Hardcover)  (2006)
 The Avro Vulcan Adventure (Paperback)  (2007)
 Ghost Stations 1 (Paperback) () (2008)
 Ghost Stations 2 (Paperback) () (2008)
 Ghost Stations 3 (Paperback) () (2008)
 Ghost Stations 4 (Paperback) () (2008)
 Ghost Stations 5 (Paperback) ()  (2008)
 Ghost Stations Mysteries (Paperback) () (2008)
 Ghost Stations Lincolnshire (Paperback) () (2008)
Ways of the Wolf, Wolf Preservation Foundation. . (2011)

References

Halpenny, Bruce Barrymore

Halpenny, Bruce Barrymore


John Grady may refer to:

John C. Grady (1847-1916), American lawyer and politician
John D. Grady (died 1880), American criminal
John Grady (baseball) (1858–1924), American baseball player
John Grady (Medal of Honor) (1872–1956), United States Navy officer and Medal of Honor recipient
John Grady (sociologist) (born 1960s) American sociologist
John Grady (author) (1923–1986), Australian author and social scientist
John F. Grady (1929–2019), U.S. federal judge


Edi Ponoš (born 10 April 1976) is a male javelin thrower from Croatia. His personal best throw was 77.95 metres, achieved in June 2004 in Ljubljana.

He won the bronze medal at the 2001 Mediterranean Games. He also competed at the 2004 Olympic Games, but without reaching the final. He became Croatian javelin throw champion in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2006.

In June 2009 Ponoš was severely injured in a motorcycle accident and spent 10 days in a coma. By September 2009, Ponoš was already back to light training, having made a successful recovery.

Competition record

References

1976 births
Living people
Croatian male javelin throwers
Athletes (track and field) at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes for Croatia
Mediterranean Games bronze medalists for Croatia
Mediterranean Games medalists in athletics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2001 Mediterranean Games
20th-century Croatian people
21st-century Croatian people


Alpana or alpona () is a South Asian folk art style, traditionally practiced by women, and consisting of colored motifs, patterns, and symbols that are painted on floors and walls with paints made from rice flour, on religious occasions. It is common to the Bengal region in India, and in Bangladesh. Amongst Hindu families, alpanas may contain religious motifs with symbolic designs that relate to religious austerity, festivals, and specific deities. Amongst Santal tribal communities, alpanas often contain geometric or symbolic patterns drawn from nature. Although traditionally the domain of rural women, Alpana motifs have been very influential in modern Indian art, and are incorporated into the works of artists such as Jamini Roy, Abanindranath Tagore, Devi Prasad, and in the early illustrations of film-maker Satyajit Ray. In contemporary Bengal, alpanas are created as part of religious festivals such as the Durga puja, in public and private spaces.

Development and motifs
Alpanas were traditionally created by women in the Bengal region (now West Bengal in India and Bangladesh), and is a form of ritual art, similar in technique to rangoli, kolam, and chowk poorana in other parts of South Asia, but with distinct motifs and patterns. It is likely to have originated in agrarian societies.

The symbolic patterns used in alpana may be linked to bratas, or religious fasts maintained by women. These fasts may have been to respect specific deities, in return for blessings and were associated with ideas of religious purity. The use of alpanas are closely associated with religious ceremonies: for instance, they may have been used as decoration and part of the ceremony during traditional weddings, naming ceremonies, and festivals. For instance, in parts of West Bengal, alpanas are created to mark the end of a period of fasting, and are accompanied by a special worship ceremony. When performed in honor of the goddess Lakshmi, the alpana will contain symbols and motifs that relate to her, such as her carrier, an owl, as well as a granary, a conch shell and lotus flowers. Linear designs, usually created inside the house on the floor, are intended to symbolise that Lakshmi, the goddess of prosperity, has entered the house, indicating a blessing. The motifs are not always organised into a structured layout and are often free-form, accompanied by floral designs and geometric patterns. Circular alpanas have been created as decorative pedestals for idols, and wall panels of alpanas can illustrate deities as well as scenes from religious tradition. Traditional alpana designs can also be linked to bratas relating to particular seasons or festivals. For instance, during the monsoon, a stylized sheaf of rice may form a part of the alpana to symbolise the sowing of paddy. Some alpanas may be linked to specific cultural concerns, such as warding off disease by the use of specific symbols. Among the Santal tribal communities, alpanas may contain geometric and symbolic patterns drawn from nature.

Alpanas form a significant part of the celebrations of Durga puja in Bengal. The word alpana derives from the Sanskrit term alimpana, which means 'plastering' or 'coating'.

Techniques and materials
An alpana is usually created on flooring, generally directly on the ground, which has been coated with dried cow dung to provide a smooth surface. On this, a wet white pigment made of rice flour and water (or in some places, chalk powder and water) is used to outline the alpana, with the paint being applied by the artist's finger tips, a small twig, or a piece of cotton thread that is soaked in the dye, or fabric. Colors are sometimes added, traditionally using naturally-derived ingredients that are mixed with the white paint. When dried, the pigment appears white against the darker background of the cow-dung floor.

The motifs and designs in alpanas are usually created in a free-hand style, without the use of stencils or patterns. In the region of Bengal, it is common to use floral motifs, as well as figurative symbols representing specific gods. Modern alpanas may use materials including glue, vermilion, and dyes for more durable designs.

Conservation, modern art, and popular culture
Contemporary alpanas are not as common, and in a bid to revive the art form, several non-profit organisations such as the Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (a non-profit art conservation body) and the Daricha Foundation have initiated efforts to train artists, through lectures and demonstrations. Modern efforts at reviving the art form include public events in which alpanas stretching over several streets are created by volunteers, as well as alpana competitions, often held during the Durga pujas, a religious festival. In the 1980s, alpanar bois, or thin booklets of alpana designs, could be purchased and used to teach and replicate traditional motifs. In some parts of West Bengal, the use of alpanas containing the symbols of political parties as part of election campaigns has also occurred. The creation of alpanas has been taught as an art form at Kala Bhavana, the fine arts department of Visva Bharati University, by notable artists including Sukumari Devi, Kiranbala Devi and Jamuna Sen. In 2016, it was made a part of the foundation course for undergraduates at Kala Bhavan, and students are now trained in some of the most common traditional motifs and designs.

The Indian modern artist, Nandalal Bose, frequently drew from alpanas and their traditional motifs in his art, especially floral motifs such as the autumn flower. Abanindranath Tagore, the painter and writer, wrote a study of alpanas in his book, Banglar Broto, and compared their motifs to hieroglyphs. The film-maker, Satyajit Ray, who began his career in advertising and graphic design, used motifs from alpanas in advertisements, illustrates, and on book jackets. The artist Rabi Biswas has worked to preserve and record traditional alpanas taught to him by female family members, and now teaches alpana art in West Bengal. Modern artist Jamini Roy also drew heavily from alpanas in his work. The painter, potter, and photographer Devi Prasad also incorporated alpana motifs into his work, as decorative elements in his pottery.

In Bangladesh, alpanas are drawn to celebrate national festivals, such as Language Day (Bhasha Dibash).

See also
 Rangoli
 Kolam
 Chowk poorana

References

Indian painting
Bangladeshi painting
Hindu art
Bengali Hindus
Culture of West Bengal
Indian folk art
Indian folk culture


Martin Marić (born 19 April 1984) is a Croatian track and field athlete who competes in the discus throw. He has a personal best of , achieved in April 2014 in Chula Vista, California. He also has  in the javelin throw, achieved in May 2006. Martin Marić has been a throws coach at the University of Virginia Since 2012. Maric spent the springs of 2010 and 2011 as a volunteer assistant coach at the University of Florida.

World Anti-Doping Agency
In August 2015, World Anti-Doping Agency published a "Prohibited Association list". Martin Marić is one of the 130 athletes prohibited from associating in Track and Field athletics. Martin's ban last through 2016.

IAAF
Martin Marić tested positive for ostarine in July 2014, a SARM. Martin Marić was given a two-year ban from Track and Field athletics through 5 August 2016.

Professional
Martin Marić represented Croatia at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics – Men's discus throw in Moscow, Russia. Martin placed 27th at 2011 World Championships in Athletics – Men's discus throw in 60.61 meters.

Martin Maric represented Croatia at the 2012 Olympic Games. Martin placed 17th with a 62.87 meters.

Martin Marić represented Croatia at the 2011 World Championships in Athletics – Men's discus throw in Daegu, South Korea. Martin placed 27th at 2011 World Championships in Athletics – Men's discus throw in 60.61 meters.

Martin Marić represented Croatia at the Athletics at the 2009 Summer Universiade also called 2009 World University Games. Martin placed 7th at Athletics at the 2009 Summer Universiade – Men's discus throw in 58.37 meters.

Martin Maric also competed at the 2008 Olympic Games, but without reaching the final placing 29th with a 59.25 meters.

Martin Marić represented Croatia at the Athletics at the 2007 Summer Universiade – Men's discus throw. Martin placed 8th at Athletics at the 2007 Summer Universiade – Men's discus throw in 56.32 meters.

Martin Marić finished thirteenth at the 2001 World Youth Championships and won the silver medal at the 2003 European Junior Championships.

NCAA
As a competitor for the University of Georgia, Martin Marić attain 2006 All-American status in the discus by placing 6th at the NCAA Men's Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships. In the javelin, Maric registered a throw of 237–3 feet, which improves his own seventh-longest mark in Georgia Bulldogs and Lady Bulldogs history.

After transferring to the University of California, he attained All-American Status in the discus by placing 8th at the National Collegiate Athletic Association championships. In his senior campaign, Martin won the NCAA Division I national collegiate championships by throwing the discus 196-3, beating Ryan Whiting of Arizona State Sun Devils by only  on his final throw.

Maric graduated from California with a bachelor's degree in Political Economy of Industrial Societies in 2009.

Personal
Marić was born in Belgrade and is native of Split, Croatia.

Competition record

References

External links

1984 births
Living people
Athletes from Belgrade
Croatian male discus throwers
Olympic athletes for Croatia
Athletes (track and field) at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2012 Summer Olympics
World Athletics Championships athletes for Croatia
Mediterranean Games gold medalists for Croatia
Athletes (track and field) at the 2013 Mediterranean Games
Doping cases in athletics
Croatian sportspeople in doping cases
Mediterranean Games medalists in athletics
21st-century Croatian people


Capitis deminutio or capitis diminutio (diminished capacity) is a term used in Roman law, referring to the extinguishing, either in whole or in part, of a person's former status and legal capacity. There were three changes of state or condition attended with different consequences: maxima, media, and minima.

The greatest, capitis deminutio maxima, involved the loss of liberty, citizenship, and family (e.g., being made a slave or prisoner of war). Capitis deminutio media consisted of a loss of citizenship and family without any forfeiture of personal liberty. Capitis deminutio minima consisted of a person ceasing to belong to a particular family, without loss of liberty or citizenship.

See also
 Diminished responsibility

Notes

Roman law


Kalman Bloch (May 30, 1913 in Harlem – March 12, 2009 in Los Angeles) was principal clarinetist of the Los Angeles Philharmonic for more than 40 years.

Bloch studied with Simeon Bellison, a notable clarinetist for the New York Philharmonic. As recounted by Dorothy Lamb Crawford in her 2009 book "A Windfall of Musicians:
Hitler's Émigrés and Exiles in Southern California," Bloch was hired at the age of 21 by then music director and recent Jewish emigre Otto Klemperer just before the onset of World War II.

Bloch also performed on several film soundtracks, including those of John Williams, Walt Disney's Fantasia, Sunset Boulevard, For Whom the Bell Tolls, North by Northwest, The Wizard of Oz, and Chinatown. He was also a prolific collaborator in Southern California, playing for and recording with conductors such as Arnold Schoenberg and Igor Stravinsky upon their move to Los Angeles along with many other Jewish artists and intellectuals during and after World War II. Bloch also appears on multiple classical recordings with composers and conductors Zubin Mehta, Carlo Maria Giulini, Esa-Pekka Salonen, Otto Klemperer, and Alfred Wallenstein.

As recounted in the April 21, 1956 Los Angeles Times article "Spectators Stir Uproar at Red Probe," Bloch was forced to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) for his and his wife's (artist Frances Bloch-Heifetz) progressive activities in Southern California after World War II. Evoking the 1st and 5th Amendments, he refused to answer any questions regarding his membership in the Communist Party, instead telling the committee that he "abhorred violence." His passport was taken and he was refused travel for the Philharmonic's Asian tour that same year.

Bloch lived and taught in his home and studio in the Franklin Hills neighborhood of Los Feliz for over 50 years. He also taught clarinet at Pomona College and Cal State Fullerton and wrote several books on symphonic repertoire for clarinet. Until his death at the age of 95 in 2009 he was active in progressive and leftist political causes, an active clarinet teacher, and member of the Los Feliz Woodwind Ensemble along with famed member of Frank Zappa and the Mothers of Invention, Bunk Gardner.

Family
Kalman Bloch is related through his wife Frances (died 2000) to violinist Jascha Heifetz.

His son, Gregory Bloch (died 1989) played violin and mandolin for It's a Beautiful Day, the 1970s experimetal-rock band String Cheese, the progressive Italian rock group Premiata Forneria Marconi (PFM) from 1975 to 1978, the Saturday Night Live Orchestra in 1978, on Gilda Live on Broadway in 1980, Montezuma's Revenge and Jazz group Django in the mid-1980s.

His daughter, Michele Zukovsky, is an acclaimed clarinetist and served as principal clarinetist with the Los Angeles Philharmonic from 1961 to 2015.

His grandson, Stefano Bloch is an author and professor in the University of Arizona School of Geography, Development and Environment.

References

1913 births
2009 deaths
American clarinetists
Musicians from Harlem
California State University, Fullerton faculty
Pomona College faculty
20th-century American musicians


Dragan Mustapić (born 23 March 1963) is a male discus thrower from Croatia. His personal best throw was 64.40 metres, achieved in July 2000 in Ljubljana. He also had 18.35 metres in the shot put, achieved in July 2005 in Zagreb.

Mustapić was born in Imotski. He was a five-time Yugoslav discus throw champion (1987–1991) and was the first Yugoslav discus thrower to surpass 60 meters. He finished seventh at the 2001 Mediterranean Games. He also competed at the 1995 World Championships, the 1998 European Championships, as well as the Olympic Games in 1992, 1996, 2000 and 2004 without reaching the final.

Mustapić has a B.Sc. degree in criminology and a Ph.D. in economics. During his sports career, he was an officer in the Croatian Army. As of 2019, he attained a rank of colonel, and was teaching at the Franjo Tuđman Military Academy in Zagreb.

Achievements

References

Yugoslav male discus throwers
Bosnia and Herzegovina male discus throwers
Croatian male discus throwers
Athletes (track and field) at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes for Croatia
Olympic athletes for Bosnia and Herzegovina
Athletes (track and field) at the 1987 Mediterranean Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1997 Mediterranean Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2001 Mediterranean Games
Sportspeople from Imotski
1963 births
Living people
Mediterranean Games competitors for Yugoslavia
Mediterranean Games competitors for Croatia


Taojin Station (), formerly Garden Hotel Station (). during planning, is a station on Line 5 of the Guangzhou Metro It is located under the junction of East Huanshi Road () and Taojin Road () in the Yuexiu District, near the Garden and Baiyun Hotels. It opened on 28December 2009.

References

Railway stations in China opened in 2009
Guangzhou Metro stations in Yuexiu District


USS SC-694 was a SC-497 class submarine chaser that served in the United States Navy during World War II.  She was laid down on 21 March 1942 by the Daytona Beach Boat Works in Daytona Beach, Florida, and launched on 25 May 1942.  She was commissioned on 9 September 1942.  She was bombed and sunk by German Ju 88 dive bombers off the coast of Palermo, Sicily, on 23 August 1943.

References
Submarine Chaser Photo Archive: SC-636
USS SC-636 (SC-636)

SC-497-class submarine chasers
Ships built in Florida
World War II shipwrecks in the Mediterranean Sea
1942 ships
Maritime incidents in August 1943
Ships sunk by German aircraft


Doreen Norton, OBE, FRCN (1 May 1922, in Dartford, Kent – 30 December 2007, in Worthing, West Sussex) was an English nurse, in the 1950s she used research to show that the best treatment and prevention of bedsores was removing the pressure by turning the patient.

She was made a Fellow of the Royal College of Nursing in 1976.

Norton was regarded as instrumental in changing nursing practices to effectively treat pressure ulcers, a major killer of hospital inpatients.

References

1922 births
2007 deaths
English nurses
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
People from Dartford
People from Worthing
Fellows of the Royal College of Nursing
People in public health

British nurses


Pirappancode is a village in Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala.

Notable people
Amal Pirappancode, writer and artist
Pirappancode Murali, writer and politician

References

External links
 About Pirappancode

Villages in Thiruvananthapuram district


Saint Materiana (also spelled Madrun, Madryn, Merteriana, Merthiana, and other variations) is a Welsh saint, patron of two churches in Cornwall and one in Wales.

Life
The name Materiana was corrupted to "Marcelliana" in medieval times. Another spelling of her name sometimes used is "Mertheriana" or "Merthiana", resembling the Welsh merthyr - "martyr". Matrona was a widespread Roman name, and there is no evidence of any purported connection with a pre-Christian goddess named Modron. Materiana is said to have been a princess of the 5th century, the eldest of three daughters of King Vortimer the Blessed, who, after her father's death, ruled over Gwent with her husband Prince Ynyr.

Veneration
The Hymn to St Materiana in use at Tintagel calls her "Materiana, holy Mother" and prays her to "Over thy people still preside, over thy household, clothed in scarlet vesture of love and holy pride" and continues "Thy children rise and call thee blessed, gathered around thee at thy side." The 'Hymn to St Materiana' is not an ancient hymn, and of Anglican use.

Minster church

Materiana's primary patronal church is the parish church of Minster, dedicated under the name "Merteriana." The churches were established some time earlier than the settlement at Boscastle (in Norman times when a castle was built there). Until the Reformation, St Materiana's tomb was preserved in the church. Traditions of the saint were recorded by William Worcestre in 1478: he states that her tomb was venerated at Minster and that her feast day was 9 April. The parish feast traditionally celebrated at Tintagel was 19 October, the feast day of St Denys, patron of the chapel at Trevena.

Tintagel church
The first church at Tintagel was probably in the 6th century, founded as a daughter church of Minster. The current St Materiana's Church was restored by architect James Piers St Aubynin 1870. The north doorway dates to around 1080. There are two memorials which portray St Materiana: a statue in the chancel and a stained glass window in the nave. The Cornish historian Charles Thomas proposed that the Norman church of Tintagel and its dedication to St Materiana were due to the patronage of William de Bottreaux, lord of Boscastle rather than the Earl of Cornwall.

Trawsfynydd church

The parish church at Trawsfynydd is dedicated to a St Madryn, Princess of Gwent, who is usually identified with Materiana.

See also

Puerto Madryn—a town in Argentina named after Madryn, Nefyn, Wales
Carn Fadrun—a hill in North Wales named after the saint
Nefyn—a town in North Wales (the Madryn estate is nearby)

References

Further reading
Canner, A. C. (1982) The Parish of Tintagel. Camelford: A. C. Canner; pp. 5–6, 94-95

External links

Vortigern Studies: Modrun, granddaughter of Vortigern
Early British Kingdoms: St. Madrun

Medieval Welsh saints
Medieval Cornish saints
Late Ancient Christian female saints
5th-century Christian saints
Female saints of medieval Wales
5th-century English people
5th-century English women
5th-century Welsh people
5th-century Welsh women


Estonia competed at the XXI Olympic Winter Games in 2010 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. These games are the eighth Winter Olympics games for Estonia.

Andrus Veerpalu as first Estonian six-time Winter Olympian, became the third cross-country skier in history to compete at six Winter Olympics, after Finns Marja-Liisa Kirvesniemi and Harri Kirvesniemi.

Medalists
The following Estonian athletes won medals at the games:

Alpine skiing

Men

Women

Biathlon

Men

Women

Cross-country skiing

Men

Women

Figure skating

Estonia  qualified 1 entrant in ladies singles, 1 in pair skating, and 1 in ice dancing, for a total of 5 athletes.

References

External links
 EOK – Vancouver 2010

Nations at the 2010 Winter Olympics
2010
Winter Olympics


Terry Gray may refer to:

 Terry Gray (footballer) (born 1954), English footballer
 Terry Gray (ice hockey) (born 1938), hockey player
 Terence Gray, Cambridge theatre producer and Taoist writer


Nevena Lenđel (born 18 July 1979) is a retired Croatian high jumper.

She won the bronze medal at the 1998 World Junior Championships and the 2001 Summer Universiade. She also competed at the 1999 World Championships, the 2000 and 2002 European Indoor Championships and the 2002 European Championships without reaching the final.

Her personal best jump was 1.91 metres, achieved in August 1999 in Gothenburg.

Competition record

References

1979 births
Living people
Croatian female high jumpers
Universiade medalists in athletics (track and field)
Southern Methodist University alumni
Croatian expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Mediterranean Games silver medalists for Croatia
Mediterranean Games medalists in athletics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1997 Mediterranean Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2001 Mediterranean Games
Universiade bronze medalists for Croatia
Medalists at the 2001 Summer Universiade
21st-century Croatian women


The 1900–01 season was the second season for FC Barcelona.

Events
On 23 September, Barcelona won its first-ever piece of silverware (a bronze object) after beating their biggest rival, Català FC, 3 to 1 courtesy of goals from Joan Gamper (2) and Otto Maier. This was also the first match of the 1900–01 season and the last game played at the Velódromo de la Bonanova.

On 18 November, Barcelona played its first match on a field next to the Hotel Casanovas, the club's second football pitch after Bonanova. They played against Hispania AC and ended in a 0–0 draw.

On 23 December, Barça played their first match against Societat Espanyola de Futbol (Society Spanish Football), which would later become RCD Espanyol. The match ended without goals in an atmosphere of brotherhood.

On 20 January, Barcelona played their first-ever match in an official competition, the opening match of the 1900–01 Copa Macaya against Hispania AC at Hotel Casanovas, but despite scoring first thanks to George Girvan, a Scottish player formerly of Escocès FC, it was Hispania who won 2–1 after coming back with two goals from their captain, Gustavo Green.

On 27 January, Barcelona got their first-ever victory in an official competition after beating Societat Espanyola 4 to 1. Joan Gamper scored all 4 goals.

On 17 March, Barcelona achieved the biggest victory in the club's history with an 18–0 win over AUF Tarragona. Joan Gamper scored half of them, and Alexander Black scored a hat-trick.

On 25 April, Bartomeu Terradas succeeded Walter Wild as president of the club.

Squad

Matches

1 First Barcelona-Espanyol in history. The blue-and-white team was called at the beginning Societat Espanyola de Futbol (Society Spanish Football).
2 Both teams choose not to provide information, or results, or any other party data.
3 The second-round match against Espanyol was not disputed due to its withdrawal from the competition.

External links
 Official Site

References

FC Barcelona seasons
Barcelona


Venjaramoodu is a north-east suburb of Trivandrum city, the capital of Kerala. It is  east of Attingal,  northwest of Nedumangad,  northeast of Trivandrum City and  south-east of Varkala.

Geography
Venjaramoodu is a town in the district of Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. It is north of Thiruvananthapuram on MC Road (SH1). It comes under Nedumangad Taluk. The Kazhakkuttam bypass ends at Thycadu, near by Venjaramood. The nearest airport is Thiruvananthapuram International Airport and railway station is Chirayinkeezhu Railway station. Kerala State Road Transport Corporation operates a bus depot at Venjarammoodu. It is well connected to all parts of the state by state road transport buses. Gokulam Medical College and Muslim Association College of Engineering are located here. Venjaramoodu Government higher secondary school is located besides the Main Central road.

Transport

Road
Two dedicated bus depots are available in the forms of a Kerala State Road Transport Corporation(KSRTC) bus depot and one private bus terminal, both in the heart of the town.
KSRTC operate city bus service, local bus service and fast passenger.

City service using Anathapuri bus, low floor AC/ Non-AC, Venad.

Venjaramoodu- East fort via Pothenkodu/ Kaniyapuram- Kazhakoottam- Technopark-Chakka- General Hospital/ Enchakal.

Venjaramoodu- East fort Via Vembayam- Mannathala/ Sreekaryam- Pattom.

Local bus routes
Attingal, Nedumangadu, Medical College, Thampanur, Pothenkodu, Varkala, Ponmudy, Kilimanoor, Kallara, Vembayam, Muthuvila, Palode, Thempamoodu, etc.

All Super Fast, Fast, Express, Scania bus through MC road passing through Venjaramoodu KSRTC Bus dippo.

Private buses operate to Attingal, Varkala, Kadakkavour, Chirayinkeezhu, Paravour town.

Rail
 Nearest railway stations
 Murukkumpuzha Railway station ()
 Chirayinkeezhu railway station ()
 Kadakkavoor railway station ()
 Varkala Railway Station ()
 Thiruvananthapuram Central  Railway station ()

Air
 Trivandrum International Airport is  away.

Religion
The population in Venjaramoodu practices Hinduism, Christianity and Islam. Venjaramoodu is also famous for Manikkodu Mahadeva Temple which  held every year 10 day  festival with Manikkodu carnival.

 Here is a list of important religious places:-
 Manikkodu Mahadeva Temple Vayyatte
 Pirappankodu Sree Krishna Temple
 Thiru Vamanamoothi Temple Anakudy (just )
 Venkamala Temple ()
 Kavara Bhagavathi Temple
 Mukkunur Sreekanda Shatha Temple
 Alanthara Uruttumandapam
 Alanthara Shastha Temple
 Vettur Mahavishnu Temple
 Subramanya Temple Thandrampoika
 Gokulathamma Temple, Gokulam Medical College
 Amundirath Devi Temple Mudakal
  Vidaynkavu Temple, Kunnida, Velavur
 Parameswram Temple
 Kottukunnam Mahadeva Temple
 Aliyadu Oorootumandapam Temple
 Venjaramoodu Muslim Juma Masjid
 Manikkal Juma Masjid
 Keezhayikonam  Masjid
 St.Joseph's Church Kottapuram, Pirappancode
 Koppam CSI Church
 Seventh Day Adventist Church Thumpara, Pirappancode

Notable people
 Priyanka Nair, actress
 Thulasidas, film director
 Suraj Venjaramoodu, actor
 K.Raman Pillai, politician
 Harilal Rajendran, writer
 Noby Marcose, actor
 S R Lal, writer

Major banks
 State Bank of Travancore
 State Bank of India
 Central Bank of India
 Federal Bank
 South Indian Bank
 Indian Overseas Bank
 Syndicate Bank
 Kerala Grameen Bank
 ICICI Bank
 Union Bank Pirapancodu
 Kerala Bank
 Canara Bank, Thycadu
 ESAF Bank, Thycadu
 Venjaramoodu service Co-Operative Bank

Climate
Venjaramoodu has significant rainfall most months, with a short dry season. This location is classified as Am by Köppen and Geiger. The temperature here averages . About  of precipitation falls annually. The driest month is January. There is  of precipitation in January. In June, the precipitation reaches its peak, with an average of . With an average of , April is the warmest month. At  on average, December is the coldest month of the year.

References

Villages in Thiruvananthapuram district


Phong Niên a communes (xã) in Bảo Thắng District, Lào Cai Province, Northwest region of Vietnam. The commune has an area of 43.25 square kilometers and population of 6933 inhabitants (2006). The commune contains 19 villages (thôn and bản).

References

Populated places in Lào Cai province


Lajos Korányi-Kronenberger (15 May 1907 – 29 January 1981) was a Hungarian footballer. He played for Újszegedi TC, Csabai Előre, Ferencváros, Phöbus FC, Nemzeti SC and for the Hungarian national team. He appeared at the 1938 FIFA World Cup.

His brothers Mátyás and Désiré also played international football, the first with Hungary and the second with France.

1907 births
1981 deaths
Hungarian men's footballers
1938 FIFA World Cup players
Hungary men's international footballers
Ferencvárosi TC footballers
Men's association football defenders
Footballers from Szeged


Tomahawk is a 1951 American Western film directed by George Sherman and starring Van Heflin and Yvonne De Carlo. The film is loosely based on events that took place in Wyoming in 1866 to 1868 around Fort Phil Kearny on the Bozeman Trail such as the Fetterman Fight and Wagon Box Fight. In the UK, the film was released as The Battle of Powder River.

It is one of the first films to empathise with the views of the Native Americans.

Plot

The story has two main threads: the white fur traders, and their relatively friendly relationship with the Sioux; and the US Cavalry who have a very distanced relationship with the Sioux. The traders and scouts are led by Jim Bridger who has the Indian name of "Tomahawk".

A small travelling show run by Julie Madden gets an escort cross-country to a fort from Lt Dancy. En route Dancy kills a young unarmed Sioux boy without provocation, for being near his horses. He tells his corporal to explain the night-time shot as him killing a fox. In retaliation on the following day, half a dozen mounted Sioux ambush the travelling show hitting Julie's elderly companion Dan with an arrow in the chest. They take the injured man to the fort but the doctor refuses to operate. Julie persuades Jim Bridger to operate and Bridger saves his life. Jim asks Julie to look after Monahseetah his female Cheyenne travelling companion, the daughter of Chief Black Kettle .

The Sioux approach the fort in small groups and pick off one sentry at a time then ride off. Julie has taken a horse out without permission and they chase her. Jim calls them off, but one still chases her. Jim pulls him from his horse and they fight. It is Red Cloud's favourite son and he is killed. When they get back to the fort they can hear the Sioux war drums.

Bridger discovers that Dancy killed his Cheyenne wife, Monahseetah's sister, after Dancy leads a suicidal attack on a group of Sioux where he is the sole survivor.

The Sioux attack the fort in waves but the newly arrived breach loading rifles defeat them.

Cast
 Van Heflin as Jim Bridger
 Yvonne De Carlo as Julie Madden
 Alex Nicol as 1st. Lt. Rob Dancy
 Preston Foster as Col. Carrington
 Rock Hudson as Cpl. Burt Hanna
 Arthur Space as Capt. William J. Fetterman
 Russ Conway as Maj. Horton (as Russell Conway)
 Stuart Randall as Sgt. Newell
 Jack Oakie as Sol Beckworth (based on James Beckwourth)
 Tom Tully as Dan Castello
 John War Eagle as Red Cloud
 Susan Cabot as Monahseetah
 Ann Doran as Mrs. Carrington

Production
The film was based on a story by Daniel Jarrett. Film rights were bought by Universal in 1947; they assigned Leonard Goldstein to produce and George Sherman to direct. In August 1948 Universal announced the film would be one of their Technicolor productions for the following year, along with Calamity Jane and Sam Bass, Sierra, Streets of Cairo, Bloomer Girl and Bagdad.

In May 1949 Stephen McNally was announced for the lead and Edna Anhalt was going to write the script. McNally dropped out and was replaced by Van Heflin in March 1950 and Anhalt is not credited on the final film. In April Yvonne De Carlo was cast opposite Heflin. De Carlo liked that her part was more of a straight dramatic role.

Shooting began in May 1950. The film was shot partly on location in South Dakota.

Reception
The Los Angeles Times called it a "well made, exciting movie."

In June 1952 Van Heflin and George Sherman were reported as working on a followup to the movie.

References

External links

1951 films
1951 Western (genre) films
American Western (genre) films
Films directed by George Sherman
Films scored by Hans J. Salter
Films set in the 1860s
Universal Pictures films
Western (genre) films based on actual events
1950s English-language films
1950s American films


Silvija Mrakovčić, née Babić is a retired Croatian long jumper and triple jumper.

She won the bronze medal in long jump at the 1993 Mediterranean Games. She also competed at the European Championships in 1990 and 1994 without reaching the final.

Her personal best jump was 6.68 metres, achieved in June 1990 in Belgrade. In the triple jump she had 13.71 metres, achieved in May 1995 in Ljubljana.

References

External links

Yugoslav female long jumpers
Croatian female long jumpers
Croatian female triple jumpers
1968 births
Living people
Mediterranean Games bronze medalists for Croatia
Mediterranean Games medalists in athletics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1993 Mediterranean Games
Place of birth missing (living people)


Jakubowski, Yakubovsky, Yakubovskiy, Yakubovskii or Iakubovskii (, , ) is a Slavic masculine surname of Polish origin. Its feminine counterpart is Jakubowska, Yakubovskaya or Iakubovskaia. It is a toponymic surname derived from any of the places named Jakubowo, Jakubów, Jakubowice and literally meaning "of Jakubowo", etc. The places themselves mean "belonging to Jakub".

Notable people with this surname include:
 Alexander Yakubovsky (born 1985), Russian politician
 Angelika Jakubowska, Polish model
 Anna Jakubowska (1927–2022), Polish World War II combatant
 Bernd Jakubowski (1952–2007), German association football player
 Dmitry Yakubovskiy (born 1963), Russian businessman
 Franz Jakubowski (1912–1970), Polish–German philosopher
 Fuad Yakubovsky (1908–1975), Soviet Communist party functionary and statesman
 Gerald Jakubowski, American engineer, president of the Rose–Hulman Institute of Technology
 Igor Jakubowski (born 1992), Polish boxer
 Ivan Yakubovsky, (1912–1976), Soviet military leader
 Maxim Jakubowski (born 1944), British writer
 Thad J. Jakubowski (1924–2013), American Roman Catholic bishop
 Krystyna Jakubowska (born 1942), Polish volleyball player
 Vladyslav Yakubovskyi (born 1978), Ukrainian oligarch
 Wanda Jakubowska (1907–1998), Polish film director

References

Surnames from given names

Polish-language surnames
Polish toponymic surnames


Pallippuram is a northern suburb of Trivandrum city of Trivandrum district, Kerala. It is one of the fastest urbanising area of the Trivandrum UA.Technocity is situated in this area.

Geography
It is located at .

Location
Pallippuram is located on National Highway 47, 7 km north of Kazhakkoottam.

Nearest airport is Thiruvananthapuram International Airport and nearest major railway station is Thiruvananthapuram Central. It is well connected to Thiruvananthapuram city by state road transport buses.

The headquarters of the Central Reserve Police Force(CRPF) camp in Kerala is at Pallippuram. Another CRPF camp is in Peringome, Payyannur.
The IG of the camp is K.V. Madhusudhanan==.

References

External links
 About Pallippuram

Villages in Thiruvananthapuram district


Anthony John Whittaker-Mahoney (born 1968) is an English composer. His first musical experiences were in the local church choir age 7 and as a tenor recorder player; he did not begin formal study of the piano until 1982 with Peter Wild. Lessons with Ann Bond on the organ followed in 1986. After acquiring the LRAM diploma in 1989, ARCO and LTCL in 1991, he graduated from the University of London in 1994 BMus (hons).

Composition became increasingly important for Whittaker during the 1990s where he composed for staff and students at the Performing Arts department of Liverpool Community College.
His MMus and PhD degrees are from the University of Liverpool where he studied with James Wishart (1957-2018)   and the American composer, Ben Hackbarth.

Notoriety came in 2000 with the SPNM  performance of Drift for six pianos which was performed alongside Steve Reich's music for 6 pianos; the principal pianist was Joanna MacGregor.

Choral music became important after this time;Agnus Dei (TTBB) received performances in Berlin and Montreal. A Litany also for TTBB was performed at the International Eisteddfod and broadcast on S4C television in 2002. Larger commissions followed. For example, The Prodigal Son for choir 2 pianos and percussion 2005.

Chamber music has also played an important part in the composer's output. A string Quartet was written in 2005; Indiscretions with Sarabande was written for the Baroque ensemble L'indiscret in 2007. A second string quartet and the Clarinet Quintet were completed in 2009 during a long period in the Far East, Singapore and Taiwan; Another Place for chamber orchestra was finished in 2014. Whittaker's largest project to date is a choral suite with Genghis Khan as the protagonist. The piano piece Micro-Sonatina forms part of the Beethoven 250 project created by the German pianist Susanne Kessel and was premiered in 2018 in Bonn, Germnany.  It is published in Volume 6 of the project by Editions Musica Ferrum.

Some of the early choral pieces are published by the Welsh firm Curiad;recent projects have included educational music initially concentrating on early to intermediate levels and more advanced solo works for the violinist Steven Wilkie and oboist, Manon Lewis. Scree for oboe and piano is published by Forton Music. Whittaker's setting of Psalm 150 was premiered in Nairobi Cathedral in July 2017.

List of major works
Therapy Suite 2023 (Chamber Orchestra)
Equals 2021 (Brass Quintet)
Fifteen Impressions for Piano 2021(Piano)
Ten New Adventures for Violin and Piano 2021 (Violin and Piano)
Hit it! 2021 (Tenor Saxophone)
Distance 2020 (Piano Trio) - Festival Osmose 2020, Belgium
Cambiando Argomento 2020 (String Orchestra)
Summon a River 2019 (SATB)
Micro-Sonatina 2018 (Piano) - 250 pieces for Beethoven, Bonn
Air from Air 2017 (Horn) - 15 minutes of Fame performance - For Sam Bessen
Dialogando 2017 (Flute and Alto Flute) - Recorded by Iwona Glinka on Two Minutes album
Psalm 150 2017 (SATB and Organ) Nairobi Cathedral
Fête de chambard 2016 (Organ) Recorded by Kevin Bowyer on Organ Party Volume 4
Preludium Jubilate 2016 (Organ)
In Fruitful Order, Move! 2016 (SATB and Organ)
Cantilena 2016 (Horn and Piano)
Scree 2015 (Oboe and Piano)
Serenata 2015 (Violin and Piano)
They Started Dancing 2015 (Flute Ensemble)
A La Mode - 12 pieces for solo piano 2015 (Piano)
Bassoon Sonata 2015 (Bassoon and Piano)
Night Piece 2014 (Piano)
Another Place 2014 (Chamber Orchestra)
Preludium Improvisations 2013 (Piano)
Music for Genghis: Conflicts and Ease 2013 (Suite: Soprano, Alto, Baritone Solo, SATB and Ensemble)
Altered Arabesque 2012 (Saxophone & Piano)
Intermèdes 2011 (Chamber Orchestra)
Fractal Nocturne 2011 (Harpsichord)
Clarinet Quintet 2009,
String Quartet No 2 2009,
Resquiat in Pace 2 2008 (SSA),
Resquiat in Pace 1 2008 (SATB),
Indiscretions with Sarabande 2007 (L'indiscret),
Esquisse 2006 (Flute, Harp, Viola),
The Prodigal Son 2005 (TTBB 2 Pianos & Perc.),
String Quartet 2005,
Es war ein alter König 2004 (SSAA),
Contour Cantor 2004 (Piano solo),
Lullaby-Fall-Repose 2003 (Viola & Marimba),
Coelos Acendit 2003 (SA div. & Piano),
Sinfonietta - Hearing Voices 2002,
Tensio 2002 (Clarinet and Piano),
Concertino for Piano and Guitar 2002,
A Litany 2002 (TTBB),
Jailbreak 2001 (Large ensemble),
Agnus Dei 2001 (TTBB),
Impact 2000 (Ensemble),
Drift 2000 (Six pianos).

External links
250 Pieces for Beethoven, Bonn

 Soundcloud page
Curiad page
composer's own website
A la Mode - Piano Pieces

English composers
Living people
1968 births


NGC 6072 is a planetary nebulae in the southern constellation of Scorpius. It has a dynamical age of 104 years. Its circumstellar envelope is likely to be rich in carbon as it has very strong CN (cyanide) spectral lines. CN spectral lines are generally not detected in oxygen rich AGB (asymptotic giant branch) circumstellar envelopes. NGC 6072 also shows H2 (hydrogen) emission and intense CO (carbon monoxide) emission which has been mapped displaying bipolarity and some gas at high velocity. The evolution of this planetary nebulae is likely to be dominated by photodissociation and ion/radical molecular reactions. Shock chemistry is also likely to be important.

An analysis of Gaia data suggests that the central star is a binary system.

References

External links

Planetary nebulae
6072
Scorpius


Matthew Walton may refer to:
Matthew Walton (died 1819), U.S. representative from Kentucky
Matthew Walton (cricketer) (1837–1888), English cricketer
Matt Walton (born 1973), American actor


Željko Vincek (born 16 June 1986) is a Croatian sprinter who specializes in the 400 metres.

He won the bronze medal at the 2003 World Youth Championships, the gold medal at the 2005 European Junior Championships and the silver medal at the 2005 Mediterranean Games He also competed in the 2005 World Championships, the 2006 European Championships and the 2007 European Indoor Championships without reaching the final.

His personal best time is 45.69 seconds, achieved in July 2007 in Debrecen.

References

1986 births
Living people
People from Varaždin
Croatian male sprinters
Mediterranean Games silver medalists for Croatia
Mediterranean Games medalists in athletics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2005 Mediterranean Games


Richard Byrne may refer to:

Richard Byrne (politician) (died 1942), Irish nationalist politician in Northern Ireland
Richard William Byrne, British psychologist and neuroscientist
Richie Byrne (born 1981), Irish association footballer
Richard Byrne, musician in the Canadian folk music band The Halifax Three

See also
Richard Byrnes (1832–1864), Irish-American officer in the United States Army


Ouzhuang Station () is an interchange station between Line 5 and Line 6 on the Guangzhou Metro in the Yuexiu District of Guangzhou. It is located under the junction of East Huanshi Road () and Nonglinxia Road (), It opened on 28December 2009.

Gallery

References

Railway stations in China opened in 2009
Guangzhou Metro stations in Yuexiu District


Colin Ward  (1924–2010) was a British anarchist writer

Colin Ward is also the name of:

 Colin Ward (baseball) (born 1960), Major League Baseball pitcher
Colin Ward (ice hockey) (born 1970), hockey player
Colin Ward (rugby league) (born 1971), Australian Rugby league player


Marisa Rahela Markt (born 1 March 1972) is a retired Croatian sprinter who specialized in the 100 metres.

She competed at the 1995 World Indoor Championships and the 1990 World Championships, but without reaching the final. She became Croatian 100 metres champion in 1994, 1995, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 and 2001, and 200 metres champion in 1994, 1995, 1998 and 1999.

Her personal best time was 11.58 seconds, achieved in September 1998 in Biella, Italy. Her 60 metres personal best of 7.46 seconds, set in February 2001, was a national record until 2008.

References

1972 births
Living people
Croatian female sprinters


Marvin "Popcorn" Sutton (October 5, 1946March 16, 2009) was an American Appalachian moonshiner and bootlegger. Born in Maggie Valley, North Carolina, he grew up, lived and died in the rural areas around Maggie Valley and nearby Cocke County, Tennessee. He wrote a self-published autobiographical guide to moonshining production, self-produced a home video depicting his moonshining activities, was the subject of several documentaries, including one that received a Regional Emmy Award, and is the subject of the award-winning biography and photobook The Moonshiner Popcorn Sutton.

Sutton died by suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning in March 2009, aged 62, rather than report to federal prison
after being convicted of offenses related to moonshining and illegal firearm possession. Since his death, a new company and associated whiskey brand have been named after him.

Moonshining career and rise to fame
Sutton had a long career making moonshine and bootlegging. Sutton said he considered moonshine production a legitimate part of his heritage, as he was a Scots-Irish American and descended from a long line of moonshiners. In the 1960s or 1970s, Sutton was given the nickname of "Popcorn" after his frustrated attack on a bar's faulty popcorn vending machine with a pool cue. Before his rise to fame at around 60 years of age, he had been in trouble with the law several times, but had avoided prison sentences. He was convicted in 1974 of selling untaxed liquor and in 1981 and 1985 on charges of possessing controlled substances and assault with a deadly weapon, but received only probation sentences until the 1985 arrest, after which he served time in the Craggy Correctional Center in Asheville. In 1998 his roadside store in Maggie Valley, NC was searched by state agents, who seized a moonshine still and sixty gallons of moonshine, and Sutton was again placed on probation with a suspended sentence.

Sutton then wrote a self-published autobiography and guide to moonshine production called Me and My Likker, and began selling copies of it in 1999 out of his junk shop in Maggie Valley. The New York Times later called it "a rambling, obscene, and often hilarious account of his life in the trade". (A woman named Ernestine Upchurch, with whom Sutton had been living in the 1990s, later said she helped write the book.) At around the same time, Sutton produced a home video of the same title and released it on VHS tape.

His first appearance in a feature film (that was not self-published) was in Neal Hutcheson's 2002 documentary, Mountain Talk, as one of various people of southern Appalachia featured in this film focused on the "mountain dialect" of the area. Sutton next appeared in another Hutcheson film that would become the cornerstone of his notoriety, called This is the Last Dam Run of Likker I'll Ever Make. Filmed and released in 2002, the film quickly became a cult classic and over time drew the attention of television producers in Boston and New York.

In 2007, a fire on Sutton's property in Parrottsville led to firefighters discovering 650 gallons of untaxed alcohol there, for which he was convicted and put on probation again by Cocke County authorities.

Sutton was featured in the 2007 documentary Hillbilly: The Real Story on The History Channel. The source footage from the 2002 documentary was also re-worked into another Hutcheson documentary, The Last One, which was released in 2008 and was broadcast on PBS. It received a 2009 Southeast Emmy Award.

In March 2008, Sutton told an undercover federal officer that he had 500 gallons of moonshine in Tennessee and another 400 gallons in Maggie Valley that he was ready to sell. This led to a raid of his property by the ATF, led by Jim Cavanaugh of Waco siege infamy. In January 2009, Sutton, who had used a public defender as his attorney in the case and had pleaded guilty, was sentenced to 18 months in a federal prison for illegally distilling spirits and possession of a firearm (a .38-caliber handgun) as a felon. Sutton, 62 and suffering from a long illness that his doctors had failed to diagnose, asked the U.S. District Judge Ronnie Greer to allow him to serve his sentence under house arrest, and several petitions were made by others requesting that his sentence be reduced or commuted, but this time to no avail. The judge noted that Sutton was still under probation in Tennessee at the time of the federal raid, and said that putting a man on probation again after being convicted five times of various crimes would not serve the community interest. He said he had considered a harsher sentence of 24 months, but had decided on 18 months after considering Sutton's age and medical condition.

Death and memorial services
Sutton died by suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning on March 16, 2009, apparently to avoid a federal prison term due to begin a few days later. His wife Pam, whom he had married about two years before his death, returned home from running errands and discovered her husband in his green Ford Fairmont (which was still running) at the rear of their property in Parrottsville, Tennessee. Mrs. Sutton said, "He called it his three-jar car because he gave three jugs of liquor for it." His daughter said he had told her in advance that he would die by suicide rather than go to jail, adding that he had "the strength to die the way he lived: according to his own wishes and no one else's."

Sutton's body was initially interred at a family graveyard in Mount Sterling, North Carolina. However, on October 24, 2009, it was relocated to his property in Parrottsville, and a private memorial service was held. His body was carried to its new resting spot by horse and carriage. Sutton's memorial grew in spectacle as country music singer Hank Williams Jr. flew in to pay his respects. A small memorial was also held for close friends and family.

A conventional grave marker was used at the head of Sutton's grave, reading "Marvin Popcorn Sutton / Ex-Moonshiner / October 5, 1946 / March 16, 2009". He had also prepared a footstone in advance for his gravesite, and for years he had kept it by his front porch and had kept his casket ready in his living room. The epitaph on his footstone reads "Popcorn Said Fuck You".

Tributes and popular culture
 Neal Hutcheson produced the documentary This is the Last Dam Run of Likker I'll Ever Make in 2002.
 Neal Hutcheson produced the television documentary The Last One, which went on to win a regional Emmy.
 Sutton's long-estranged daughter Sky Sutton wrote a self-published book in 2009 entitled Daddy Moonshine: The Story of Marvin "Popcorn" Sutton ()
 Singer-songwriter Hank Williams III sings about Sutton in the song "Moonshiner's Life" on his 2010 album Rebel Within
 Some of the prior Hutcheson documentary footage of Sutton was used in the 2011–12 season of the Moonshiners television series produced by Discovery Channel
 A brief photographic book about Sutton was released in 2012 – Popcorn Sutton The Making and Marketing of a Hillbilly Hero, text by Tom Wilson Jester with photographs by Don Dudenbostel (72 pp., Dudenbostel Photography, March 7, 2012, )
 Another Hutcheson documentary about Sutton was released in 2014 called Popcorn Sutton—A Hell of a Life
 A biography, memoir and photobook titled The Moonshiner Popcorn Sutton was released in 2021 and won the Outstanding Book/Independent Spirit Award from the 2022 Independent Publishers Book Awards and a 2022 National Indie Excellence Award, and was the grand prizer winner of the 30th Annual Writer's Digest Book Awards.

Popcorn Sutton's Tennessee White Whiskey

On November 9, 2010, Hank Williams Jr. announced his partnership with J&M Concepts LLC and widow Pam Sutton to distill and distribute a brand of whiskey named after Sutton that was asserted to follow his legacy. Dubbed "Popcorn Sutton's Tennessee White Whiskey", it was marketed as having been produced on stills designed by Sutton using his secret family recipe and techniques Sutton entrusted to former Supercross professional Jamey Grosser of J&M Concepts. Country music stars attending the launch event included Martina McBride, Jamey Johnson, Randy Houser, Travis Tritt, Tanya Tucker, Zac Brown, Josh Thompson, Kentucky Headhunters, Little Big Town, Colt Ford, Montgomery Gentry, Jaron and the Long Road to Love, and Lee Brice. According to press reports, Popcorn Sutton's Tennessee White Whiskey would be initially distributed in Tennessee and throughout the southeast.

On October 25, 2013, Jack Daniel's Properties, Inc. filed suit against the distiller of Popcorn Sutton's whiskey, claiming that the newly redesigned bottle, with its square shape, beveled shoulders, and white-on-black label, too closely resembled their own.  The lawsuit said that the design "...is likely to cause purchasers and prospective purchasers of the product to believe mistakenly that it is a new Tennessee white whiskey product in the Jack Daniel's line."  The suit asked that all current existing bottles be taken off the market and that all profits from the sales of those bottles be handed over to Jack Daniel's. The lawsuit was settled in 2014 with undisclosed terms, and as of May 2016, the Sutton brand's bottle design has been substantially changed. The brand now uses a clear, round bottle with a smaller label.

In 2014, Popcorn Sutton Distilling opened a new distillery in Newport, Tennessee, the county seat of Cocke County. Copper stills for the facility were made by Vendome Copper and Brass in Louisville, Kentucky. The CEO of Popcorn Sutton Distilling is Megan Kvamme.

In March 2015, it was announced that John Lunn, who had until then been master distiller of George Dickel Tennessee whiskey since 2005, would be joining Popcorn Sutton Distilling as its new master distiller. In July 2016, it was announced Allisa Henley, long time employee and Master Distiller at George Dickel, would join John Lunn at Popcorn Sutton Distilling.

In December 2016, the Popcorn Sutton Distillery was sold to the Sazerac Company. The sale included only the distillery, not the brands, which are owned by Popcorn Sutton Distilling LLC, which is based in Ohio. Lunn and Henley and the other employees of the distillery became employees of the Sazerac Company. At the time of the announcement, it had not been decided whether the Popcorn Sutton brands would continue to be produced under contract by the distillery or not.

References

External links
Scripps Interactive Newspapers Group: Knoxville News Sentinel: Don Dudenbostel's gallery of Popcorn Sutton images
Obituary Of Marvin "Popcorn" Sutton, A Tennessee Moonshiner, March 22, 2009
 This is the Last Dam Run of Likker I'll Ever Make (2002 documentary about Sutton) on YouTube

1946 births
2009 suicides
2009 deaths
Suicides in Tennessee
Suicides by carbon monoxide poisoning
People from Cocke County, Tennessee
People from Maggie Valley, North Carolina
American bootleggers
Criminals from Tennessee
Criminals from North Carolina
Moonshine producers


IronScheme is an implementation of the Scheme programming language targeting the Microsoft .NET Framework. IronScheme is a complete rewrite of IronLisp, incorporating lessons learnt while developing IronLisp.

IronScheme was planning to build upon the Microsoft Dynamic Language Runtime, but decided to abandon this idea because the DLR branch the project used became out of sync with the trunk, and also because the DLR, according to the developers, could not support the majority of the Scheme's requirements. IronScheme eventually made a limited use of its own version of the Microsoft's DLR, but it had to patch it to be able to implement some required Scheme features like tail call elimination.

See also

 Scheme (programming language)

References

External links
 IronScheme on GitHub

.NET programming languages
Beta software
Scheme (programming language) implementations


Ryen () is a neighborhood in the borough Nordstrand.

The area is served by the station Ryen of the Oslo T-bane. The eastern depot of the rapid transit system is located at Ryen. Until 1967, it was also served by Simensbråten of the Oslo Tramway. It has also increased in population over the years.

Neighbourhoods of Oslo


Wayne Powell is a former professional football player born in Caerphilly, Wales. He joined Bristol Rovers in 1975 and after 32 league appearances and 10 goals (plus a brief loan spell at Halifax Town) he joined Hereford United in 1978. Here, he made 6 league appearances and scored 2 goals before moving to Non-League football with Bath City. In April 2008 he was appointed manager of Clevedon Town. In October 2009 Wayne was appointed Caretaker manager of Leamington F.C. to help them out for a short period. He was manager of Aberdare Town in Wales from November 2017 to May 2018.

References

Bristol Rovers F.C. players
Hereford United F.C. players
Halifax Town A.F.C. players
Bath City F.C. players
Welsh men's footballers
Welsh football managers
English Football League players
Living people
Clevedon Town F.C. managers
Leamington F.C. managers
Men's association football forwards
Year of birth missing (living people)


Maebyeong refers to Korean vessels with a small slightly curled mouth rim, short neck, round shoulder, and constricted waist. The maebyong is derived from the Chinese meiping (literally "plum vase"). They were first used to hold wine and later branches of plum blossoms.

Some of these vessels have a cup-shaped cover over the mouth, so that they seemed to be used to store high quality wine such as insamju (인삼주, ginseng wine) or maehwaju (매화주; rice wine made with plum) It would have originally had a lid and there are many maebyong with ginseng leaves on the surfaces.

Gallery

See also
Korean pottery and porcelain
Buncheong
Joseon white porcelain

References

Sources

External links

Korean pottery


Sonino  () is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Brzeżno, within Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland.

See also
 History of Pomerania

References

Sonino


Cecil Raleigh was the pseudonym of Abraham Cecil Francis Fothergill Rowlands (27 January 1856 – 10 November 1914), an English actor and playwright.

Personal life
Abraham Cecil Francis Fothergill Rowlands was born on 27 January 1856 in Monmouthshire, the son of Cecilia Anne Daniel Riley (1813–1911) and her second husband Dr. John Fothergill Rowlands (1823–1878). He took the stage name of Cecil Raleigh. On 19 December 1882, he married Effie Adelaide Henderson (1859 – 16 October 1936), a British novelist who published as Effie Adelaide Rowlands and later E. Maria Albanesi, whom he later divorced. On 31 March 1894, he remarried Isabel Pauline Ellissen (8 August 1862 – 22 August 1923), an actress under the stage name Saba Raleigh.

Cecil Raleigh died in London on 10 November 1914.

Career
He played for a time in musical theatre, but deserted acting for playwriting and, either alone or in collaboration, produced melodramas, other plays and musical pieces, staged at first chiefly at the Comedy Theatre, London, and in later years at Drury Lane.

Cheer, Boys, Cheer (1895); Hearts are Trumps (1899); The Best of Friends (1902); and The Whip (1909–10) are typical examples of his plays, but he was particularly successful with his musical pieces, Little Christopher Columbus (1893), Dick Whittington and His Cat (1894), The Yashmak (1897) and The Sunshine Girl (1912).

Several of his plays were later made into motion pictures. He acted as dramatic critic in two or three London papers, and became secretary to the School of Dramatic Art in Gower Street, London.

Plays

The Derby Winner, 1894, co-written with Hamilton and Augustus Harris, produced in the United States under the title The Sporting Duchess and adapted for film in 1915 and 1920
Cheer, Boys, Cheer, with Harris and Hamilton, 1895
The White Heather, 1897, with Hamilton, the basis for the 1919 silent film
The Great Ruby, 1898, with Hamilton, the basis for the 1915 silent film
Hearts Are Trumps, 1900, the basis for the 1920 silent film
The Sins of Society, 1909, with Hamilton, the basis for the 1915 silent film
The Whip, 1909, with Henry Hamilton, the basis for silent films of 1917 and 1928
The King's Minister, the basis for the 1914 silent film
Sealed Orders, 1915, with Hamilton, adapted for the 1918 film Stolen Orders
Sporting Life, with Seymour Hicks, the basis for silent films of 1918 and 1925
The Marriages of Mayfair, the basis for the 1920 silent film The Fatal Hour
The Hope, with Hamilton, the basis for the 1920 silent film
The Best of Luck, with Hamilton, the basis for the 1920 silent film
The Best of Friends
The Price of Peace
The Grey Mare, with George Robert Sims
The Guardsman, with Sims

Musical theatre
Little Christopher Columbus, 1893 burlesque, co-written with Sims
Dick Whittington and His Cat, 1894 pantomime, co-written with Augustus Harris and Hamilton
The Belle of Cairo, 1896, musical comedy, with music and lyrics by F. Kinsey Peile
The Yashmak, 1897 musical, co-written with Seymour Hicks
The Sunshine Girl, 1912 Edwardian musical comedy, book co-written with Paul A. Rubens

References

External links

1856 births
1914 deaths
19th-century English dramatists and playwrights
English male dramatists and playwrights
20th-century English dramatists and playwrights
English male stage actors
19th-century English male actors
19th-century English male writers
20th-century English male writers


Manifest Destiny is an opera composed by Keith Burstein with an English libretto by Dic Edwards. The opera is notable for dealing with the subject of Islamic suicide bombers, and with the ramifications of both the Middle Eastern conflict and the War on Terror.

Set in the present day or "near-future", the complex plot centres on a harrowing journey through the War on Terror by the Palestinian poet Leila who—along with her friend Mohammed—is radicalised and drawn into a suicide bomber cell, leaving her lover (the Jewish composer Daniel) in a state of hysterical blindness due to his despair at her loss and at the state of the world. Leila and Mohammed subsequently undergo a profound change of heart and, on the eve of their suicide mission, renounce violence and reject their own bombs. However, their attempts to achieve a more peaceful resolution to their lives (in the face of a brutal and cynical war campaign involving the President of the United States of America and her Director of CIA) result in them becoming further—and fatally—entangled in the conflict when Mohammed takes the fatal step of "saving" Leila by turning her over to American forces, leading to her internment and subsequent death in Camp X-Ray. The plot is resolved when Mohammed retrieves the dead Leila's poetry as a completed libretto, which he brings back to Daniel to set to music (effecting a symbolic reconciliation between Jewish and Palestinian cultures in spite of realpolitik interests and personal tragedy).

Manifest Destiny has attracted a large amount of press attention due to its themes, content and subject matter—including scenes showing the preparations for a suicide bomb raid and the incarceration and maltreatment of Leila in Camp X-Ray (the latter of which was a scene written prior to public knowledge of the events at Abu Ghraib). An accusation in the press was the subject of a libel action (Burstein vs Associated Newspapers) in the British High Court.

The opera has been staged twice: once at London's Tricycle Theatre in 2004 and once at the Edinburgh Fringe Festival in 2005.

Six years after the Edinburgh performances, the opera was extensively rewritten and restaged in London as Manifest Destiny 2011.

Composition and inspiration
Seeking collaborators for an opera taking the "War on Terror" as its subject, Burstein advertised for a librettist. He advertised for a librettist via Artists Against The War. In late 2002, the post was filled by controversial Welsh playwright Dic Edwards, and the two subsequently wrote Manifest Destiny together, completing the opera in 2003. Though critical in tone, the opera was explicitly presented as a pacifist statement. Both Burstein and Edwards took pains to stress that the opera did not endorse the actions of suicide bombers and displayed them ultimately rejecting their violent course of action. In the programme for the Edinburgh production, Burstein wrote: "The renunciation of violence in time of war will always seem miraculous. Manifest Destiny is an attempt to describe such a miracle. Taking as its starting point the most ardent form of contemporary violence—that of the suicide bomber—it asks us to contemplate a path, a journey of the soul, on which these 'martyrs' are transformed by the power of love. Their grievances remain, their passionate demand for justice remains, but their weapon turns from war to peace."

In interviews with Reuters, Edwards has stated "I've always believed theatre is a place of debate... What we wanted to show is that terrorists are human beings, with the same emotions as the rest of us. While it's impossible to sympathise with terrorism, I think we have to, for the sake of the future, try and understand it... We wanted to show that potentially we are all suicide bombers if there is a cause." Burstein added "Opera is peculiarly able to X-ray issues and X-ray the soul in a way that other media do not.I hope the opera will surprise people by making the characters in this story seem to be very immediate and very real. ... There is also a symbol at the end of a possible reconciliation between Palestinians and Jews."

In an article written for The Scotsman, Burstein stated"(Manifest Destiny) imagines a scenario in which the protagonists – would-be suicide bombers – are stopped in their tracks. Not by the security services, but by their own humanity: a process of love, springing from within the peaceful teachings of Islam and triumphing over their anger and fear. In the near-future envisaged in the opera, it is Mohammed, a Jihadist committed to violent direct action, who is transformed by discovering the human-scaled, yet overwhelming nature of his love for a fellow suicide bomber (which) has so overwhelmed his emotions that he can neither let her die, nor let her or himself kill others."

Performance history
A promenade production of the first act of Manifest Destiny was performed at the Cockpit Theatre, Marylebone, London during November 2003, directed by David Wybrow. The first full-length production was subsequently performed at the Tricycle Theatre, Kilburn, London on 27 June 2004 (produced by Corin Redgrave).

The second full-length production (also directed by David Wybrow) was staged at the St Georges West venue between 6 and 29 August 2005 as part of the 2005 Edinburgh Festival Fringe, with a cast of four. The Observer announced it as "undoubtedly the most controversial production" of the festival," (Observer of 24 July) and it was flagged by both The Independent and The Times as one of the five top classical music events to see in Edinburgh that year. Excerpts from the opera were subsequently performed at public concerts – notably, part of the Guantanamo Bay prison scene from Act 3.

Critical response
The critical response to Manifest Destiny was widely varied. The various productions gained a great deal of press attention, much of it relating to the subject matter, including coverage by Reuters, the BBC and Sud Deutsche Zeitung.

Tricycle Theatre, 2003
For the 2003 Tricycle Theatre production, the Observers Anthony Holden described Manifest Destiny as a "worthy piece" but also commented that "for all its static, repetitive atmospherics, Burstein's melodic, neo-classical score – the tango for torture, a waltz for the White House – is badly let down by Dic Edwards's libretto, which ranges from the crudest anti-American satire to the most banal, platitudinous failure to explain the appeal of politico-religious duty (i.e. suicide bombing) over love." The Sunday Telegraph described the opera as "political, prescient and unmissable".

Edinburgh 2005
For the Edinburgh production of 2005, the performers were almost universally praised by the critics, but the response to the work itself was profoundly divided.

Of the reviews which dealt more substantially with the opera itself, the British Theatre Guides Peter Latham described the Edinburgh production as "a powerful piece, powerfully performed. … Political opera is a very rare bird, even today, and this piece is one to be cherished," while asserting that "it is right that opera should take on such subjects" and noting that Burstein's music was "more melodic than most modern opera." On EdinburghGuide.com, Alex Eades commented "Manifest Destiny will haunt your soul for many a day. Of all the performances based around terrorism this year, this is the one to see. A miracle of a show that is sometimes beautiful and sometimes horrible. It is, however, always unforgettable." The Scotsman commented "Operatic themes do not come more epic than this."

In the Scotsman On Sunday, Michael McManus was particularly complimentary, comparing Manifest Destiny to Michael Tippett’s A Child of Our Time and praising the "brave, touching and timely work" as "a dazzling, dark opera ... affecting, bold, potent and perhaps most importantly of all, packed with melodic invention… Mahlerian harmonies and rhythmic patterns, a gorgeous waltz, and a cynical tango. … Time and again – as in the greatest operatic works – tonal resolution and emotional closure come hand-in hand" The reviewer also commented "Like so much great art, Manifest Destiny marries the personal with the political, the particular and the universal… A simple and humanitarian message shines through unambiguously; that violence begets only violence in a cycle which must be broken as an act of human will; and that love is stronger than hatred."

The Daily Telegraphs David Gritten described the opera as "rigorous and high minded, with a story in the environs of Greek tragedy" and praised Burstein's ambition and the music (which the reviewer found "mournful" and "affecting"), but attacked Edwards' libretto as "stilted" and the political content as "banal and fatally one-sided," In a combined feature/review of political works at the 2005 Fringe, the Sunday Herald's Iain McWhirter hailed Manifest Destiny as a "scintillating if flawed opera – with a witty and surprisingly melodic neo-classical score" but argued that "the politics are sometimes risible (and) the ultimate message, that love can triumph over religion and bring Jew and Muslim together, is unconvincing. Nevertheless, Manifest Destiny is a considerable piece of work, dealing with important themes, which demands to be heard."

Anna Picard, in The Independent on Sunday, was particularly dismissive of Manifest Destiny, describing it as "sixth-form satire", and attacking the music for "the abject narrowness of its harmonic language and the robotic word-setting." She also compared the opera unfavourably to John Adams’ The Death of Klinghoffer (another opera dealing with terrorism and the Middle Eastern conflict, which was being revived at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe at the same time).

Libel case
A particularly damning response to the Edinburgh production was written by the London Evening Standards Veronica Lee. Although she praised the cast for their performances, she described to the opera overall as "a trite affair", the music as "uninspiring, save for the odd duet" and to the libretto as "horribly leaden and unmusical". Lee concluded her review with the comment "I found the tone depressingly anti-American, and the idea that there is anything heroic about suicide bombers is, frankly, a grievous insult." (The Sunday Herald review had made a similar comment, stating that although Manifest Destiny deserved to be heard "it won't be if the thought police get hold of it. For it undoubtedly justifies and arguably glorifies terrorism.")

Following the review of Manifest Destiny in the London Evening Standard, Keith Burstein sued Associated Newspapers (the newspaper's parent organisation) for libel in 2005. He did so on the grounds that the review (although it did not specifically contain the words 'glorify' or 'glorification') claimed that he had glorified terrorism via the content of the opera, and that this was not only libellous but left him open to the risk of state prosecution under both the recently passed Prevention of Terrorism Act of 2005 (which explicitly names "promotion of terrorism" as a criminal act) and the incoming Terrorism Act of 2006 (at the time, a Terrorism Bill) which featured a retrospective "glorification of terrorism" clause.

The case (Burstein vs Associated Newspapers Ltd.) first went to the High Court and then to the Court of Appeal. The first of these hearings favoured Burstein, granting him the opportunity of taking the case to a trial by jury. The second judgement overturned the first (while admitting that it was "very unusual" to overturn a High Court ruling for a jury hearing) and found in favour of Associated Newspapers. The result was that costs were awarded against Burstein and he was consequently forced into bankruptcy. Although Burstein subsequently took the case to the European Court of Human Rights his application was rejected.

The court case and its aftermath inspired a subsequent theatrical play, The Trainer, written by David Wilson and Anne Aylor (with co-writes by Burstein). Premiered at Oxford House, London, in March 2009, the play covered a fictionalised version of the events of the trial, in parallel with a separate plot strand similar to one used in Manifest Destiny. Actors involved in the production included Corin Redgrave and Tim Pigott-Smith who played Burstein, and further cast members included Janie Dee and Roger Lloyd-Pack.The production went on to be performed at the Hackney Empire theatre in May 2009.Stop The War page containing photos from premiere of ‘The Trainer’, retrieved 19 March 2009

Roles

In productions to date, the opera's eight characters have been performed by singers doubling or tripling roles.

Synopsis
(adapted and condensed from theatre programme from 2005 Edinburgh production, and by referencing the privately circulated DVD recording of the opera, also from the Edinburgh production)

The action takes place variously in London, Palestine, Afghanistan, the White House in Washington, D.C., and Camp X-Ray, Guantánamo Bay.

Act 1Scene 1 – LondonLeila, a Palestinian Arab poet, lives in London with Daniel Xavier, a British Jewish composer. In addition to being lovers, the two are artistic collaborators, as Leila is writing a libretto for Daniel's music. However, their partnership is threatened by the pressures of world events and the effects of those events on their own beliefs and loyalties.

Leila's outrage at the iniquities of the post-9/11 world and the growing 'War On Terror' have led into pro-Palestinian political activism. From this, she has moved into a form of militant Islamism: to this end, she has established links with a suicide bomb cell in Jerusalem run by her friends Omah and Mohammed. She intends to join the cell and pursue martyrdom as part of her personal jihad. Meanwhile, a despairing and angry Daniel is gradually going blind. He considers his condition to be a response to the trauma of world events, now dominated by a clash between the West and the retaliatory terrorism of the 'third world' whose spiritual values are perceived to be under threat.

As the opera begins, Daniel angrily denounces the state of the world. (Aria: "O Israel") Torn between her love for Daniel and her loyalty to Palestine, Leila chooses to return to Palestine and join the suicide bomb cell. (Duet: "You’ve been crying.") Daniel attempts to persuade her otherwise but she is adamant (Duet: "Revenge is futile") and after a harrowing debate, the two part (Duet: "Now is the beginning of my world, my night.").

As Daniel plunges deeper into despair, his blindness takes hold. A parade of horrific images begins to pass before his mind, mirroring the events that led to this crossroads. These included the political rise of Ariel Sharon, the Palestinian Intifada; the election of George W. Bush as American president (with the apparent complicity of the Florida Supreme Court); the atrocities of 9/11 and the subsequent atrocities in Afghanistan, Iraq and across the world. (Aria: "These?") Daniel's sense of responsibility intensifies. His ability to act is paralyzed by his loss of Leila, whose unfinished poem on the struggle for freedom and justice was his inspiration.Scene 2 – PalestineLeila joins Omah and Mohammed in the suicide bomb cell. She finds them apparently devoted to their martyrdom, believing themselves to already be ascending towards heaven. (Trio: "We’ll give our lives to fight") Fervently chanting "we love death more than they love life", they don explosive devices and prepare to detonate themselves amongst the Israelis, whom they see as their oppressors. (Song and chorus: "What we are doing may seem monstrous."). Omah then leaves to carry out his suicide mission.

However, Mohammed has fallen in love with Leila, and the sight of her preparing for her own suicide mission finally completes a change in him. He decides that her power of creativity is a greater power than that of violence; and that her poetic vision, not her power to kill, is her true duty to Islam. Declaring his love, Mohammed attempts to dissuade her from her course. (Song: "Not yet, Leila, not yet.")

Rejecting Mohammed's adoration, Leila in turn realises that she has confused her own passion for the cause with her friendship with Mohammed, and that she is still in love with Daniel. (Duet: "I am confused – my passion is to fight.") Abandoning her suicide mission, Leila leaves both Mohammed and the bomber cell, choosing to pursue her spiritual struggle further afield – in Afghanistan.

Alone, Mohammed admits that his love of Leila is more powerful than his commitment to martyrdom. (Aria: "This pain is too real – greater than all the grief of Islam"). He turns away from insurgency and terrorism, realising that he has the alternative of following a peaceful course drawn from the heart of his Islamic beliefs. Mohammed decides to follow Leila to Afghanistan and perhaps save her from herself ("for Islam and for Man.") Defusing and destroying his suicide bomb, he declares "I love life more than I love death."

Act 2Scene 1 – The White House, Washington DCIn the Oval Office of the White House, the newly elected US President is seen celebrating with her CIA Director after the President's Inaugural Ball. (Duet: "The Oval Office!") They muse idly about their global ambitions. The Director shocks the President by telling her she can become "the first American Emperor." (Duet: "So where do we begin, Mrs President?")Scene 2 – Afghanistan/LondonIn parallel scenes, Daniel (in London) and Leila, Mohammed and a CIA Man (in Afghanistan) progress through the next developments in the drama.

While Daniel and Leila call out to the memory of each other (Aria: "So cold on this mountain top" and duet: "Oh Daniel!"), Mohammed, captured by American forces, is beaten by the CIA Man, but embraces his torturer and pledges loyalty (Duet: "Shall we bugger you to save you?"). Leila recalls how European-Americans destroyed the Native Americans for the sake of gold with their "Manifest Destiny" policy. She fears that a similar fate awaits the Arabs for the sake of their oil, and pleads that the Arabs only want to live in "the beauty of their beliefs." (Aria: "For a century Western nations have brought terror to Arabia")

In their separate worlds, Daniel, Leila, Mohammed and the CIA Man muse on the situation
(Quartet: "Parallels"). Mohammed then decides to betray Leila to the US forces (Duet: "I can give you a leading terrorist"). Privately, he reasons that this will save her life and her soul: if she is still intending to be a suicide bomber, imprisonment will ensure that she cannot kill either herself or others. However, the decision causes him anguish and doubt (Aria: "To be blind…") In London, Daniel sings of his continuing faith in Leila (Aria: "Leila, redeemer of my memory").Scene 3 – The White House, Washington DCThe President expresses misgivings about attacking Arabian states, and fears "as a mother" for "the children of Arabia." (Duet: "I feel so uncertain") Her moment of conscience puts her into a brief moral conflict with the Director, who states that Arabian resources "belong to the world" and that America, on behalf of the world, must "rescue" those resources with war as the necessary tool. He sweeps aside the President's protests – claiming that the war will last beyond her term of office anyway – and insists that she signs the authorization to send American forces into battle. (Duet: "Mrs President – the Arabians have oil").

As the President signs, she and the Director are interrupted by the sudden arrival of Mohammed, who has convinced his captors of his value as a double agent. He is duly dispatched to Guantanamo Bay by his new American masters, who believe that he will be able to extract secrets from the detainees there. Carried away by the moment, the Director announces that a new Manifest Destiny now applies to everyone ("even the bums on our campuses!") and that this is the beginning of "full spectrum dominance – pre-emptive strikes against everyone." (Trio: "Mrs P, meet Mohammed!")

Mohammed's true motive for travelling to Guantanamo, however, is to seek redemption and forgiveness from Leila, who has been captured by the Americans on his information and is now imprisoned in Camp X-Ray. (Aria: "When I betrayed Leila")

Act 3Scene 1 – Camp X-Ray, Guantanamo Bay (Leila's cell)In Camp X-Ray, Leila is beaten by a Jailer, who also mocks her writings (Duet: "What is this? It’s not poetry.") Her spirit all but broken, Leila pleas for an end to her suffering (Aria: "Let me die"). Despite himself, the Jailer is moved to a kind of remorse: declaring "no, I will save you" he unbinds her and goes in search of water. Left alone, Leila sings of how war has despoiled her homeland and its people (Aria: "There is a tree in my mother’s garden")

The Jailer returns. As an act of contrition, he washes Leila's feet and attempts – in his way – to comfort her. However, his comfort mostly takes the form of assurances that she and her people will be safe once their country has been conquered and restructured to American standards. (Aria: "We are not here to hurt you"). Leila's journey through idealism, rage, capture, torment and imprisonment has been too much for her. She prophecies "when this is over, I’ll be dead".Scene 2 – Camp X-Ray, Guantanamo Bay (a waiting room)Several days later, Mohammed arrives on his mission from the White House. He waits patiently to see Leila, and daydreams of forgiveness and a new life for them in America (Aria: "Waiting in this room"). The Jailer enters and sadly reveals that Mohammed is too late: Leila has killed herself, having hanged herself in her cell. (Duet: "Are you Mohammed"). The grief-stricken Mohammed demands Leila's manuscript (Duet: "No, Death's breathing is her life") and the Jailer gives it to him. Mohammed departs with the manuscript.Scene 3 – London'''

Outside Daniel's London studio, dawn has arrived. As the sun rises, little by little Daniel's sight miraculously returns. (Aria: "Today the light comes dripping like a honey’d thread") He is overjoyed, although he wonders why this has happened with Leila still not returned and "the world not mended yet".

In the flood of brilliant light, Mohammed arrives from Guantanamo. He hands the apprehensive Daniel Leila's libretto (Duet: "My name is Mohammed"). On the front, Daniel reads the words Manifest Destiny. Mohammed tells Daniel that Leila has set out a stark choice in her prayer for peace . (Duet: "She has written 'we have this choice…death or love'")

Mohammed tells Daniel "she died loving you." Heartbroken, Daniel confesses that he is a Jew, but Mohammed simply replies "I know." The two men – the Jewish composer and the Palestinian former suicide bomber – have been united by their love and grief for the same woman. They embrace in a spirit of tragedy, forgiveness and hope. A resigned but determined Mohammed resolves to go home to Palestine, despite Daniel's concerned warning that "they will kill you". As Mohammed departs, Daniel is left alone to finally set Leila's poetry to music.

Content
Musical elements
The opera is a through-sung music drama. The music is tonal in nature, in common with the body of Burstein's music. The score also incorporates sardonic waltzes, tangos and echoes of American marching tunes during the sections involving American characters and scenes.

The 2003, 2004 and 2005 productions featured music provided entirely by voices and solo piano (played by Burstein himself).The 2005 Edinburgh Festival Fringe production also utilised a fragment of rock music – an excerpt of the song Telescopic by the British band Suns Of The Tundra (this was inserted at the start of the prison sequence to represent the use of sonic psychological warfare by the US Army, and is not considered to be part of the score itself). Manifest Destiny 2011 featured a quartet arrangement (two violins, cello and clarinet).

Dramatic elements and staging
The opera utilizes a wide variety of theatrical techniques and approaches including tragedy, black comedy, satire, sections which can be played as dream sequences, agit-prop, expressionism, and parallel scenes. Dramatic and metaphorical themes include revenge, terrorism (and its definitions), blindness, redemption through love, pacifism and imperialism. At the time of the Edinburgh production, director David Wybrow described Manifest Destiny as "opera-noir: a new melodramatic theatre that reaches for the emotional intensity of opera in order to take on the profoundly disorientating anxieties of the twenty-first century."

The staging for the production has generally been minimalist (the 2005 Edinburgh Festival Fringe production used three black boxes and assorted props) and involved multimedia (projections, animations and subtitles/surtitles – some key information in the opera has been conveyed via these methods in the manner of a film or television piece).

Political content
The tone of Manifest Destinys libretto is forthright, reflecting Burstein and Edwards’ shared view of the state of current world affairs.

The President is portrayed as being morally compromised – able to ask questions about the ethics of situations but generally not comprehending the consequences (despite a fleeting attack of conscience in the third act). Mr Director of CIA is portrayed as a brutal Machiavellian committed to the concept of the New American Century and using a mixture of temptation, moral seduction and bullying to achieve his ends. He does however appear to believe he has moral justification, citing the protection of the world's oil.

The CIA Man in Afghanistan who abuses the character Mohammed is similarly brutal, threatening Mohammed with both actual and symbolic rape. The Jailer in Guantanamo Bay who abuses the character Leila is initially presented as brutal, scornful and openly violent. He later attempts to make amends for this in a mysterious act of washing Leila's feet and reveals that he has a vision of her redeemed by submission to western values.

The Palestinian suicide bombers are portrayed as a mixed group. Some of them are irrevocably committed to violent rhetoric and violent action; whilst others question and change their own attitudes (or have them compromised) during the course of the opera.Manifest Destiny is also notable for having predicted the Abu Ghraib prisoner abuses at least a year before they occurred in real life. When written in 2002, the opera contained two sequences featuring abuse of a Muslim prisoner by an American guard (one set in Afghanistan and the other in Guantánamo Bay detention camp). In an article written for The Guardian, Burstein reflected:

"Dic had uncanny foresight in 2003, when he wrote Manifest Destiny’s torture scenes in Afghanistan and Guantanamo with sexual abuse against detainees – long before the full news broke. By May 2004, the abuses of prisoners in Abu Ghraib had become public knowledge, even iconic images. We found the whole scenario of the opera flooding the world to a degree that we could not have predicted when we wrote it. Perhaps, however, we all knew subconsciously that Abu Ghraib was inevitable -it just took a librettist of Dic’s prescience to imagine it and set it down in drama."

Recordings
Although performance recordings (both audio and video) exist, Manifest Destiny'' has not yet been recorded for professional release. Home-made copies of a video recording of the 2005 production have been circulated on DVD at related events and some clips are viewable on YouTube.

References

External links

Operas
English-language operas
2003 operas
Multimedia operas
Chamber operas


Brusno  (German Brutzen) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Połczyn-Zdrój, within Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately  south-east of Połczyn-Zdrój,  east of Świdwin, and  east of the regional capital Szczecin.

See also

 History of Pomerania

References

Brusno


Abildsø () is a neighborhood in the borough Østensjø in Oslo, Norway. It is located south of Manglerud and Ryen, east of Lambertseter, north of Langerud and east of Bøler the lake Østensjøvannet. During the late 1800s, Abildsø was the site of Minna og Frederik Husgjerningsskole, a school for young farm girls. The school was operated by education pioneer, Minna Wetlesen and her husband  Frederik Wetlesen

The name
The neighborhood is named after the old farm Abildsø (Abildsø gård). The first element is the genitive case of apaldr m 'wild apple tree', the last element is vin f 'meadow'.

References

Neighbourhoods of Oslo


Novica Čanović (Serbian Cyrillic: Новица Чановић; 29 November 1961 – 3 July 1993) was a Serbian high jumper who represented SFR Yugoslavia during his active career.

Biography
Čanović was born in Kumanovo in today's North Macedonia. He finished fifteenth at the 1983 European Indoor Championships and won the gold medal at the 1987 Mediterranean Games. He also competed at the 1984 Olympic Games without reaching the final.

Čanović became Yugoslavian high jump champion in 1982, 1983, 1984, 1986 and 1987, rivalling with Danial Temim, Hrvoje Fižuleto and Sašo Apostolovski. He also became indoor champion in 1987.

He still holds the high jump record in Croatia (senior 228, junior 218 cm and indoor senior 228 cm) as he competed for Croatian AC Slavonija Osijek. His personal best jump was 2.28 metres, achieved in July 1985 in Split.

He died in July 1993 in Knin as a soldier of the Army of the Republic of Serbian Krajina.

References

1961 births
1993 deaths
Sportspeople from Kumanovo
Serbs of North Macedonia
Serbs of Croatia
Yugoslav male high jumpers
Serbian male high jumpers
Athletes (track and field) at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes for Yugoslavia
Mediterranean Games gold medalists for Yugoslavia
Mediterranean Games medalists in athletics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1987 Mediterranean Games
Serbian military personnel killed in action
Military personnel killed in the Croatian War of Independence
Olympians killed in warfare


Béla Volentik (5 December 1907 – 27 October 1990) was a Hungarian footballer and football manager. He played for Nemzeti FC, Újpest, FC Lugano and with the bronze medal winning Hungary national team at the 1960 Summer Olympics at Rome, Italy. He capped once.

He started his coaching career in Switzerland with FC Aarau and went on to coach FC St. Gallen, BSC Young Boys, FC Lugano and Lausanne Sport. He then had a stint with the Luxembourg national football team before coming back to Hungary where he coached Bp. Haladás, MTK twice, leading them to the 1964 European Cup Winners' Cup Final and Pécsi Dózsa. He also coached Bulgaria and BFC Dynamo.

References

1907 births
1990 deaths
Hungarian men's footballers
Hungary men's international footballers
Újpest FC players
FC Lugano players
Hungarian football managers
BSC Young Boys managers
FC Lausanne-Sport managers
MTK Budapest FC managers
Berliner FC Dynamo managers
FC Aarau managers
FC St. Gallen managers
FC Lugano managers
Bulgaria national football team managers
Luxembourg national football team managers
Expatriate football managers in Bulgaria
Expatriate football managers in Switzerland
Expatriate football managers in East Germany
Hungarian expatriate sportspeople in East Germany
Burials at Farkasréti Cemetery
Hungarian expatriate football managers
Men's association football midfielders
Pécsi MFC managers
Footballers from Szolnok
Nemzeti Bajnokság I managers
Hungarian expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland
Hungarian expatriate sportspeople in Luxembourg
Hungarian expatriate sportspeople in Bulgaria


The  was fought in 1478 between the forces of Chiba Noritane (千葉孝胤) and the forces of Ōta Dōkan and Chiba Yoritane (千葉自胤). The battle is also sometimes referred to as the Sakainehara Campaign (境根原の役 Sakainehara no Eki).

References

Sakainehara
1470s in Japan
1478 in Asia
Sakainehara


Keith Urban is the debut studio album by New Zealand-born country music singer Keith Urban. It was released only in Australia in 1991. It was later released worldwide in 2005 by EMI. This album included three singles, "I Never Work on a Sunday", "Only You" and "Got It Bad", released between 1990 and 1991 respectively.  "Only You" was made into a music video in 1991. Urban later recorded the instrumental track "Clutterbilly" as a member of the band The Ranch in 1997. The album charted at number 98 in Australia.

Track listing

Chart performance

References

1991 debut albums
Keith Urban albums
EMI Records albums


The Milice was a Vichy French paramilitary organisation.

Milice may also refer to the following places in Poland:
Milice, Opole Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
Milice, West Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-west Poland)

See also

 Militia