Events in the year 1967 in Norway.

Incumbents
 Monarch – Olav V
 Prime Minister – Per Borten (Centre Party)

Events

 1 January – The Norwegian National Insurance Act (Folketrygdloven) was introduced.
 22 October – The opening of the Tjeldsund Bridge.
 24 November – The voting age in Norway was set to 20 years of age.
 Municipal and county elections are held throughout the country.
 The Government Pension Fund of Norway (Norwegian: Statens pensjonsfond Norge or SPN) was established by the Norwegian National Insurance Act (Folketrygdloven)
Natur og Ungdom is established.

Popular culture

Sports
11 to 12 February – The World Allround Speed Skating Championships for Men are held in Oslo.

Music

Film

Literature
Per Hansson, journalist and writer, is awarded the Gyldendal's Endowment literature prize.
Hallvard Rieber-Mohn, writer and Dominican priest, is awarded the Riksmål Society Literature Prize.
Astrid Tollefsen, poet, is awarded the Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature for the poetry collection Hendelser.
Johan Borgen is awarded the Nordic Council Literature Prize, for the short story collection Nye noveller.

Notable births

January

1 January – Trude Brænne Larssen, novelist
5 January – Kjetil Skogrand, historian and politician.
10 January – Jan Åge Fjørtoft, footballer.
12 January (in Sweden) – Vendela Kirsebom, model and actress
12 January – Stig Kleven, sport wrestler.
14 January (in Sweden) – Rolf Gupta, composer and conductor.
20 January – Ivar Bern, chess player
21 January – Geir Waage, politician
28 January – Dag-Eilev Fagermo, footballer
30 January – Pål Christian Roland, health administrator and politician.

February

1 February
 John Hegre, guitarist, songwriter and sound engineer
 Kjetil Storesletten, economist
3 February
 Gisle Kverndokk, composer.
 Børge Petersen-Øverleir, guitarist
4 February – Trond-Arne Bredesen, Nordic combined skier.
8 February
 Kent Bergersen, footballer
 Lise Davidsen, soprano.
12 February – Stein Inge Brækhus, jazz musician.
15 February – Trond Egil Soltvedt, footballer
16 February – Hanne Hogness, handball player.
18 February – Nina Sandberg, politician.
21 February – Marianne Aasen, politician.
22 February – Audun Erlien, jazz musician
26 February – Audun Skorgen, jazz musician

March

7 March
 Helje Solberg, journalist.
 Knut Yrvin, software developer
9 March
 Siri Broch Johansen, Sami author, singer, and textbook writer.
 Per Espen Stoknes, politician.
11 March
 Ole Einar Martinsen, footballer
 Liv Gustavsen, politician.
 Håkon Storm-Mathisen, jazz musician
13 March – Tone-Helen Toften, politician.
18 March – Kjetil Bjørklund, politician.
19 March – Frode Scheie, handball player.
22 March – Brage Sandmoen, football referee
27 March – Sølvi Olsen Meinseth, athlete.
31 March – Ivar Kolve, jazz musician

April

3 April – Berit Digre, handball player.
4 April – Siv Mossleth, politician.
5 April – Erland Johnsen, footballer
6 April – Eirin Kristin Sund, politician.
8 April – Margit Bakken, musician
14 April – Frode Unneland, musician
17 April – Kenneth Blom, painter (born in Denmark).
19 April
 Bodil Arnesen, operatic soprano.
 Tine Sundtoft, civil servant and politician.
20 April – Frode Thomassen, footballer
21 April – Knut Erling Granaas, sledge hockey goaltender
24 April – Magnus Grønneberg, singer
26 April – Alf Kåre Tveit, footballer
27 April
 Dag Stokke, musician (d. 2011)
 Hege Stendahl, cyclist.
 Bjørnar Valstad, orienteering competitor

May

6 May – Heidi Grande Røys, politician.
12 May – Espen Berntsen, football referee
15 May – Simen Agdestein, chess player.
19 May
 Rannveig Andresen, politician.
 Ingjerd Egeberg, actress and theatre director.
 Morten Tyldum, film director.
23 May – John Krogstie, computer scientist
24 May – Morten Finstad, ice hockey player.
25 May – Knut Holte, footballer
26 May – Bjørn Petter Ingebretsen, footballer
27 May – Kristen Skjeldal, cross-country skier.
28 May – Hanne Vataker, sport shooter.
29 May – Brynjar Meling, lawyer.

June

1 June – Endre Brunstad, linguist
3 June – Stein Morten Lier, crime fiction writer.
4 June
 Knut Frostad, competitive sailor.
 Terje Sørvik, politician.
 Runar Steinstad, Paralympian athlete
8 June (in Sweden) – Amy Jönsson Raaholt, tennis player
13 June – Sunniva Ørstavik, civil servant.
17 June – Cato Tom Andersen, ice hockey player.
18 June – Berit Opheim, singer.
19 June – Bjørn Dæhlie, cross-country skier and businessman.
20 June
 Regina Alexandrova, politician.
 Grunde Njøs, speed skater.
22 June – Morten Wold, politician.
26 June – Laila Thorsen, politician.
27 June – Runar Søgaard, management coach
28 June – Anne Rygh Pedersen, politician.
29 June – Johann Roppen, educator
30 June – Sture Fladmark, footballer
30 June (in Sweden) – Lars Vågberg, curler.

July

1 July – Karin Nordstad, politician.
2 July
 John Christian Elden, barrister and politician.
 Torgeir Larsen, diplomat and politician
3 July – Lisbet Rugtvedt, politician.
3 July – Sindre Ekrheim, poet.
4 July – Stig Rasch, handball player
10 July – Morten Kræmer, footballer
11 July
 Trygve Allister Diesen, TV and film director, producer and screenwriter
 Bent-Ove Pedersen, tennis player
19 July
 Wegard Harsvik, politician.
 Tom Johansen, ice hockey player.
20 July – Per J. Jordal, jurist and politician
25 July – Tommy Skjerven, football referee
26 July – Gunn Karin Gjul, politician.
27 July
 Hans-Christian Gabrielsen, politician and trade unionist.
 Hans Mathisen, jazz guitarist

August
1 August
 Hugo Hansen, footballer
 Vibeke Karlsen, football referee.
7 August – Gunnar Fosseng, handball player
11 August – Petter Wettre, jazz musician.
12 August – Anne Marie Halvorsen, sport wrestler.
17 August – Hilde Strømsvold, footballer
22 August – Merete Agerbak-Jensen, politician.
28 August – Solrun Flatås, cyclist.
29 August – Jon Almaas, television presenter and writer.
29 August (in Iceland) – Jon Stephenson von Tetzchner, programmer and businessman
31 August – Anita Moen, cross-country skier.

September

1 September – Carl Gunnar Gundersen, ice hockey player.
5 September – Sturla Berg-Johansen, stand-up comedian, imitator, actor and television host
9 September (in Australia) – Bjarne Melgaard, artist.
14 September – Jens Lien, film director.
20 September – Pål Jackman, film director and musician.
23 September – Cathrine Roll-Matthiesen, handball player.

October

2 October – Petter Belsvik, footballer.
6 October – Svend Karlsen, strongman, powerlifter, and IFBB professional bodybuilder
9 October – Ola Elvestuen, politician.
11 October
 Minna Nystedt, speed skater.
 Erik Pedersen, footballer
12 October – Frode Olsen, footballer.
20 October
 Petter Schjerven, television host
 Kjersti Toppe, politician.
24 October – Lisbeth Bakken, footballer.

November
4 November – Jørn Hurum, paleontologist.
10 November – Kårstein Eidem Løvaas, politician (born in the US)
17 November – Mons Ivar Mjelde, footballer
30 November
 Arild Andresen, film director
 Bent Ånund Ramsfjell, curler.

December
3 December – Sjur Robert Nilsen, ice hockey player
12 December – Ingrid Steen, handball player.
14 December
 Hanne Haugland, high jumper.
 Anne Ryg, actress
15 December – André Flem, footballer
17 December – Ingjerd Thon Hagaseth, politician.
19 December – Stig Traavik, civil servant and diplomat.
21 December – Tonje Skinnarland, military officer.
23 December – Irene Nordli, sculptor
28 December – Trond Helgesen, footballer
29 November – Ole Gustav Gjekstad, handball player and coach.

Full date missing
April – Paal Kibsgaard, petroleum engineer and businessman
Helge Blakkisrud, political scientist
Herman Cappelen, philosopher
Remi Eriksen, businessman
Steinar Haugli, sport shooter
Erik W. Jakobsen, business economist
Linda Johansen, magazine editor and businesswoman
Thor Alex Kappfjell, offshore worker and BASE jumper (d. 1999).
Javed Kurd, music producer
Johannes W. Løvhaug, historian
Jelena Porsanger, Sami ethnographer (born in the Soviet Union)
Petter S. Rosenlund, dramatist
Oddrun Samdal, academic
Pål Thonstad Sandvik, historian
Kjetil Ulven, ski orienteer
Cecilie Cottis Østreng, poet

Notable deaths

3 January – H. O. Bergqvist, engineer, businessman and politician (b. 1889)
12 January – Per Øisang, journalist and radio and television presenter (b.1920)
21 January – Halfdan Magnus Mustad, businessman (b. 1874).
27 January – Christian A. R. Christensen, newspaper editor (b. 1906).
28 January – Leonhard Seppala, sled dog breeder, trainer and musher (b. 1877).
29 January – Gunnar Ousland, writer, editor and politician for the Labour Party(b.1877).
31 January – Peder Nikolai Leier Jacobsen, politician (b.1888).
10 February – Harald Warholm, politician (b.1920).
13 February – Edvin Alten, judge (b.1876).
15 February – Rasmus Sørnes, inventor, clockmaker and radio technician (b.1893).
16 February – Amund Rydland, stage and film actor and theatre director (b. 1888).
25 February – Olaf Willums, painter and printmaker (b. 1886).
26 or 27 February – Thor Solberg, aviation pioneer (b. 1893).
28 February – Kaare Strøm, limnologist (b.1902).
3 March – Mons Lid, politician and Minister (b.1896).
3 March – Jan Petersen, archaeologist (b. 1887).
8 March – Asbjørn Lindboe, politician (b. 1889).
16 March – Jakob Sande, writer, poet and folk singer (b.1906).
20 March – Anders Bjørgaard, illustrator (b. 1891).
23 March – Lalla Carlsen, singer and actress (b. 1889).
2 April – Richard Peterson, tennis player (b. 1884).
5 April – Johan Falkberget, author (b.1879).
14 April – Bertha Bele, politician (b. 1893).
20 April – Birger Ljungberg, politician and minister (b.1884).
2 May – Paul Martin Dahlø, politician (b.1885).
5 May – Hans Amundsen, journalist and politician (b. 1885).
14 May – Jens Isak de Lange Kobro, politician and Minister (b.1882).
22 May – Knut Gysler, equestrian (b. 1888).
24 May – Dagfinn Dahl, barrister (b. 1887).
26 May – Astri Welhaven Heiberg, painter (b. 1881).
7 June – Finn Schiander, sailor (b. 1889).
9 June – Gunnar Neels-Hansson, theatre director (b. 1883).
10 June – Halvard Angaard, sport shooter (b. 1898).
11 June – Johan Sigurd Karlsen, politician (b.1894).
15 June – H. Chr. J. Borchgrevink, engineer and politician (b. 1891).
16 June – Ragnar Vold, journalist (b. 1906).
20 June – Hans Oskar Evju, politician (b.1886).
23 June – Otto Lous Mohr, medical doctor (b. 1886).
11 July – Martin Tranmæl, socialist leader (b.1879).
25 July – Anton Marius Jenssen, merchant and politician (b. 1879).
26 July – Arne Ording, historian and politician (b. 1898).
2 August – Haavard Martinsen, chemist and industrial leader (b. 1879).
11 August – Olav Moe, fiddler (b. 1872).
13 August – Trygve Pedersen, sailor and Olympic bronze medallist (b.1884).
16 August – Arthur Omre, novelist and writer of short stories (b. 1887).
16 August – Marguerite Thoresen, ballet dancer and choreographer (b. 1908).
18 August – Ivar Bae, politician (b.1896).
27 August – Herman Sotaaen, track and field athlete (b. 1888).
28 August – Nils Langhelle, politician and Minister (b.1907).
5 September – Thorleif Dahl, philologist and businessman (b. 1891).
5 September – Alfred Maurstad, actor, movie director and theatre manager (b. 1896).
15 September – Hannibal Fegth, rower (b. 1879).
17 September – Sven Thaulow, sport swimmer (b. 1905).
19 September – Andreas Hagelund, gymnast and Olympic gold medallist (b.1881).
6 October – Sigurd Moen, speed skater and Olympic bronze medallist (b.1897).
8 October – Johan Schreiner, historian (b. 1903).
15 October – Ejnar Tønsager, rower (b.1888).
20 October – Sverre Iversen, trade unionist, civil servant and politician (b. 1879).
21 October – Fridtjof Mjøen, actor and theatre director (born 1897).
29 October – Roy Mikkelsen, a Norwegian born, American Olympic ski jumper (b. 1907).
2 November – Leif Rode, competitive rower, jurist, sports official, poet and playwright (b. 1885).
5 November – Erling Johnson, chemical engineer (b. 1893)
21 November – Gunvald Bøe, archivist and historian (b. 1903/1904)
26 November – Johannes Hanssen, bandmaster, composer and teacher (b.1874).
1 December – Elen Christensen, sculptor (b. 1904).
2 December – Johannes Andersen, long-distance runner (b.1888).
7 December – Daniel Johansen, track and field athlete (b.1885).
9 December – Ragnar Solberg, poet (b. 1898).
12 December – Alf Larsen, poet, essayist and magazine editor (b. 1885).
22 December – Wilhelm Faye, military officer and war historian (b. 1881).
30 December – Kjell Gjøstein Aabrek, politician (b.1901).

Full date missing
Erling Tambs, writer and sailor (b. 1888)
Harry Ivarson, film director and screenwriter (b. 1892)

See also

References

External links


Emanuel Carr Smith (April 8, 1901 – April 14, 1989) was an outfielder for the 1923 and 1924 Washington Senators.

References
 Baseball Reference

1901 births
1989 deaths
Major League Baseball outfielders
Washington Senators (1901–1960) players
Raleigh Capitals players
Terre Haute Tots players
Williamsport Grays players
Norfolk Tars players
Baseball players from North Carolina


Sunday Best is a reality television series on Black Entertainment Television.

The first season was filmed in Los Angeles, California, and the winner was Crystal Aikin.

The Competition
During the second and third weeks of competition, the 20 finalists were divided into two groups of ten. All ten contestants in their respective groups performed one song, and five of the ten were eliminated the night of their performance.

Starting in Week 4 of the competition, the contestants complete performances in one week; however, the eliminated finalist(s) are not announced until the following episode.

The two contestants that will compete in the season's finale will be determined by the results of a vote by the at home viewers.

Approximately 1.5 Million Votes were cast in the final vote.

Jermaine Sellers was also a contestant on American Idol season 9. He made it to the top 24, but was eliminated in the second week of the semifinal rounds alongside John Park, Michelle Delamor, Haeley Vaughn.

The 20 Finalists Season 1
 Week 1 Episode showed highlights of the audition process.

Contestants songs

Episode guide

External links
 BET Shows - Sunday Best

 Jermaine Sellers American Idol audition

2007 American television seasons


Hobohemia is a low rent district in a city where artistic bohemians and the down-and-outs or hobos mix. In Chicago from the turn of the century to circa 1940s this was Tower Town and the area often known as "The West Madison Stem" (Madison Street west of downtown) which was known as "skid road" and home to thousands of transient men and women, and Ben Reitman's Hobo College. In New York City it was the neighbourhood of the Bowery,   and Greenwich Village. It was the title of a short story by Sinclair Lewis originally published in The Saturday Evening Post, which Lewis subsequently reworked into a three act comedy which was first performed at the Greenwich Village Theatre in 1919.

A reference appears in the Rodgers and Hart song The Lady is a Tramp: "My Hobohemia is the place to be."

See also
Skid row

References

Further reading

City


Danny Galm (born 17 March 1986) is a German former professional footballer who played as a striker. He last managed SV Sandhausen.

Career
Having previously played for VfB Stuttgart II, Eintracht Frankfurt II, and Energie Cottbus, he joined  Stuttgarter Kickers in February 2009, but transferred to 1. FC Kaiserslautern II after Stuttgarter Kickers were relegated from the 3. Liga. He spent four-and-a-half seasons with SpVgg Neckarelz. After a half-season with Viktoria Aschaffenburg, he ended his playing career. In June 2023, he took over the head coaching role at SV Sandhausen at the start of the 2023–24 season. He was sacked in October 2023.

References

External links

1986 births
Living people
Men's association football forwards
German men's footballers
VfB Stuttgart II players
Eintracht Frankfurt II players
FC Energie Cottbus II players
Stuttgarter Kickers players
1. FC Kaiserslautern II players
SpVgg Neckarelz players
Viktoria Aschaffenburg players
3. Liga players
Regionalliga players
People from Miltenberg
Footballers from Lower Franconia
SV Sandhausen managers
3. Liga managers


William Scott Landay (born July 23, 1963) is an American novelist and former lawyer.

Early life and education
Landay graduated from the Roxbury Latin School in Boston, Yale University and Boston College Law School.

Career
Prior to becoming a writer, Landay served for seven years as an Assistant District Attorney in Middlesex County, Massachusetts.

His first novel, Mission Flats, was awarded the John Creasey Dagger (now called the New Blood Dagger) as the best debut crime novel of 2003 by the British Crime Writers Association.

His second novel, The Strangler, was shortlisted for the Strand Magazine Critics Award as the best crime novel of 2007.

Landay's third novel, Defending Jacob, was released in January 2012. It was well received by critics and became an immediate New York Times best seller. It was awarded the Strand Magazine Critics Award for best mystery novel of 2012 and was nominated for several other awards, including the Barry Award and Hammett Prize, both for best crime novel; the International Thriller Writers Award for best thriller; the Harper Lee Prize for Legal Fiction; and the Goodreads Choice Award for both best mystery/thriller and best author.

Personal life
He lives with his wife and two sons in Boston.

References

Further reading
 Malandrinos, Cheryl C., "Interview: William Landay, Author of Defending Jacob", Blogcritics, February 13, 2012

External links
 Official site

1963 births
Living people
21st-century American novelists
20th-century American lawyers
American crime fiction writers
American male novelists
Boston College Law School alumni
Novelists from Boston
Yale University alumni
Roxbury Latin School alumni
21st-century American male writers


Edmund Noble (January 8, 1853 – January 8, 1937) was an Anglo-American author, journalist, philosopher and editor.

Biography
Edmund Noble was born in Glasgow, Scotland, in 1853. He was the son of John and Eliza Noble who were natives of England. After the death of his father, in 1868, his mother and other members of the family emigrated to the United States in 1872, and located in Boston, Massachusetts. He was educated under the instruction of his grandfather the Rev. William George Nevatt, and in the public schools of St. Helen's, Lancashire, England. Upon completing his studies he entered the journalistic field.

Noble began  his career as a reporter on the St. Helen's Standard in 1872. Later, he moved to Liverpool, where he worked on the Liverpool Courier and Liverpool City News.  From 1882 to 1884 Noble was a special correspondent in Russia for various English newspapers including the Daily News, Daily Globe, Manchester Guardian and Glasgow Herald. There he met his future wife, Lydia Lvovna Pimenoff, a Russian citizen.

Noble was an advocate of emergent and theistic evolution. His evolutionary theory is outlined in his book Purposive Evolution (1926). It was positively reviewed by philosopher John Dewey, but criticized by psychologist William McDougall.

Life in the United States
In 1885 Noble and Pimenoff moved to the United States. They settled in Boston, where Noble worked as a correspondent on the Boston Herald (1885–1931). He took part in Free Russia Movement as a member of the Society of American Friends of Russian Freedom. From 1892 to 1894 he edited the monthly magazine of the Society Free Russia. He could speak the Russian language and actively supported Russian émigrés.

Most of their life Edmund Noble and Lydia Pimenoff-Noble spent in Malden, near Boston. They had two daughters, Beatrice Noble and Lydia Edmundovna Noble. The latter was a poet, who translated from Russian into English the Russian poet Balmont.

Edmund Noble died in Malden on January 8, 1937. Only his daughter Beatrice was still alive at that time, Lydia Pimenoff-Noble having died in 1934 and Lydia Edmundovna Noble in 1929.

Works
Noble, Edmund 1886. "Imitation Among Atoms and Organisms". Appleton's Popular Science Monthly (February): 492–510.
Noble E. - The Russian Revolt, Its Causes, Condition, and Prospects. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. Boston, 1885.
Noble E. - "Suggestion as a Factor in Social Progress" // International Journal of Ethics. 1898. Vol. 8. № 2. Р. 214-228.
Noble E. - Russia and the Russians. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. Boston, 1900.
Pimenoff-Noble L.L., Noble E. - Before the Dawn: A Story of Russian Life. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. Boston, 1901.
Noble E. - "The Objective Element in Esthetics" // The Philosophical Review. 1921. Vol. 30. № 3. Р. 271-281.
Noble E. - "The Ways of Nature Beyond Darwinism" // The Philosophical Review. 1925. Vol. 34. № 4. Р. 380-388.
Noble E. - Purposive Evolution: The Link Between Science and Religion. H. Holt and Company, 1926.

Further reading
Foglesong D.S. The American Mission and the "Evil Empire": The Crusade for a "Free Russia" since 1881. Cambridge, 2007.
Foglesong D.S. The Origins of the First American Crusade for a "Free Russia", Rossija XXI. - 2002. - № 5. - С. 100-133.

References

External links

1853 births
1937 deaths
Writers from Glasgow
People from Malden, Massachusetts
Scottish philosophers
Theistic evolutionists


Auberger's blood group is a type of human blood group in which the Aua antigen is expressed. It is found in 82% of caucasians. It may be related to the Lutheran antigen system.

The blood group was named after patient Auberger, who was a 59-year-old French woman with oesophageal varices.

References

External links

Blood antigen systems
Transfusion medicine


A back boiler is a device which is fitted to a residential heating stove or open fireplace to enable it to provide both room heat and domestic hot water or central heating. The device is water filled heat exchanger enclosed at the rear of the burning chamber, with a hot water output at the top of the chamber and a cold water feed at the bottom.

Water circuit
The back boiler is typically used with a gravity feed circuit to the hot water cylinder, with a vent or overflow to prevent excess pressure build up. It can also be connected to a series of radiators to provide central heating but usually requires an electrical pump to be fitted to circulate the hot water, some systems can use the gravity circuit to include radiators.

Advantages
A back boiler can improve the efficiency of a stove by acting as a heat-sink and can also act as a method of extracting additional heat from the flue system which would otherwise have been lost.
Manufacturers of stoves with back boilers quote efficiency figures of up to 80% on oil-fed models.

Safety
Back boilers require that the hot water or central heating system be able to disperse all of the heat captured from the fire, otherwise boiling or overheating of the water can occur. Back boilers are strictly regulated in Ireland and the UK following explosions relating to incorrectly serviced or installed back boilers.

A gravity circuit is commonly employed to connect the back boiler to an indirect hot water cylinder and sometimes one or more radiators. This hot water cylinder needs to be placed at a higher level than the boiler so that hot water will flow to it from the boiler via convection. This is a safety feature to ensure the boiler will not overheat in case of power outage or failure of the circulation pump

References

External links
 Example of an open fireplace back boiler by Grant Engineering Ltd

Plumbing
Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
Boilers


Arakaki is an Okinawan surname. In Okinawan language, it pronounced Arakachi. It means New Stone Wall or “wild enclosure”, but actually denoting the enclosure around a Shintō shrine. Notable people with the surname include:

Alberto Arakaki, AKA japa (born 1972), Brazilian professional vert skater
Ankichi Arakaki (1899–1927), Okinawan martial artist
Dennis Arakaki (born 1943), American politician and social worker
Ernesto Arakaki (born 1979), Peruvian football defender playing for Alianza Lima
Hayato Arakaki, Japanese professional baseball player
Hideyoshi Arakaki (born 1998), Peruvian footballer
Hisako Arakaki (born 1977), Ryukyuan J-pop singer from Okinawa, Japan
Hitoe Arakaki (born 1981), the oldest member of the J-pop group SPEED in Japan
Kiyoshi Arakaki (born 1954), karate practitioner, historian & novelist
Maria Eduarda Arakaki (born 2003), Brazilian rhythmic gymnast
Nagisa Arakaki (born 1980), professional baseball player in Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball
Seishō Arakaki (1840–1918), Okinawan martial artist
, Japanese footballer

See also
Arakaki v. State of Hawai'i
Aragaki
Arakaka
Araki (disambiguation)

Japanese-language surnames
Okinawan surnames


Sacred Heart Girls' College is a single-sex (girls) secondary and intermediate school in New Plymouth, New Zealand.

Sacred Heart started as a school and boarding facility called Sacred Heart College, founded by the Sisters of Our Lady of the Missions in 1884. The school was next to the present St Joseph's Church and catered for primary & secondary students. In 1960 the school moved to its present site and was renamed Sacred Heart Girls’ College. The boarding hostel for up to 78 boarders, now called "Elizabeth House", was added in 1970. The original school hall was demolished and rebuilt into new rooms for Māori, drama, music and general classrooms, opened in January 2012.

The college, which is under the control of the Mission College New Plymouth Trust Board, became an integrated secondary school, with an attached intermediate school in 1982. Buildings erected since then include the library, staff room and administrative facilities known as the Centennial Wing, a Mathematics block, Religious Studies block and Graphics workshops and a new 5-classroom block (including soft materials technology). The college is situated in grounds which include tennis courts, netball courts and sports field.

The current principal is Barbara Costelloe.

Houses
Barbier (Blue)
Vianney (Red)
Lourdes (Green)
Chanel (Yellow)

Notable alumni

 Hope Ralph - New Zealand field hockey player
 Deborah Russell - Member of the New Zealand Parliament and cabinet minister
 Dianne Tracey - marine biologist

References

Sources

 Ernest Richard Simmons, Brief history of the Catholic Church in New Zealand, Catholic Publications Centre, Auckland, 1978.
 For the glory of God in New Plymouth : centenary : Sisters of Our Lady of the Missions, New Plymouth-Taranaki-New Zealand, Sisters of Our Lady of the Missions and Centennial Committee, 1985, New Plymouth, 1985.
 Michael King, God's farthest outpost : a history of Catholics in New Zealand, Viking, Auckland 1997.
 Michael O'Meeghan S.M., Steadfast in hope : the story of the Catholic Archdiocese of Wellington 1850–2000, Dunmore press, Palmerston North, 2003.

Educational institutions established in 1884
Girls' schools in New Zealand
Schools in New Plymouth
Catholic secondary schools in New Zealand
1884 establishments in New Zealand


Theron Otis Feemster, commonly known as Theron Feemster, also known by the names Ron Feemster or Neff-U, is an American record producer, multi-instrumentalist and songwriter.

Life and career
Theron "Neff-U" Feemster is a Grammy-award winning producer, songwriter, and composer who has worked with Michael Jackson, Dr. Dre, Eminem, Ne-Yo, Justin Bieber, and Sia among many others.

Feemster was born and raised in Grover, North Carolina. He studied at Berklee College of Music in Massachusetts and now resides in Los Angeles. He is best known for being a co-writer and producer on the 2002 song Black Suits Comin' (Nod Ya Head), which was featured in the film Men in Black II.

Production discography

2002
The Eminem Show by Eminem
"Business"
"When the Music Stops"
"Say What You Say"
"My Dad's Gone Crazy"

2003
Get Rich or Die Tryin' by 50 Cent
"Back Down"

Terrorist Threats by Westside Connection
"Get Ignit"

Love & Life by Mary J. Blige
"Not Today"  (featuring Eve)

2004
Afrodisiac by Brandy
"Say You Will"

Turning Point by Mario
"18"
"Couldn't Say No"
"Here I Go Again"

2005
Unpredictable by Jamie Foxx
"Wish U Were Here"

2006
In My Own Words by Ne-Yo
"Stay"
"Sign Me Up"

2007
Because of You by Ne-Yo
"Crazy"  (featuring Jay-Z)

Luvanmusiq by Musiq Soulchild
"Millionaire"

Growing Pains by Mary J. Blige
"Work That"
"Feel Like A Woman"

Unbreakable by Backstreet Boys
"Treat Me Right"

Rockstar Mentality by Shop Boyz
"Rockstar Mentality"
"Showin' Me Love"

Stomp The Yard by Sean Biggs
"Never Gonna Get It"  (featuring Topic & Akon)

2008
The Truth by Cherish
"Damages"

Brass Knuckles by Nelly
"L.A."  (featuring Snoop Dogg & Nate Dogg)
"Wadsyaname" (promo only)

The Declaration by Ashanti
"In These Streets"

A Different Me by Keyshia Cole
"Erotic"
"You Complete Me"

2009
Lady Love by Letoya
"Lady Love"

At That Point by Teairra Marí
"Built For This"
Water by Michael Jackson (Never Released)

2010
Can't Take That Away From Me by JoJo
"Can't Take That Away From Me"
"Running on Empty"

Michael by Michael Jackson
"Hollywood Tonight"
"Best of Joy"
"(I Like) The Way You Love Me"
(Stop) Throwing Your Life Away (Unreleased remix)

2011
Perfectionist by Natalia Kills
"Wonderland"
"Break You Hard"
"Superficial"
"If I Was God"

The Cimfam EP by Cimorelli
"Million Bucks"

2012
The Secret World of Arrietty by Bridgit Mendler
"Summertime"

Til the Casket Drops by ZZ Ward
"Til the Casket Drops"
"Put the Gun Down"
"Move Like U Stole It"
"If I Could Be Her"
"Charlie Ain't Home"

2013
Lift Your Spirit by Aloe Blacc
"Wanna Be With You"

2015
Compton by Dr. Dre
 "Issues" (featuring Ice Cube, Anderson .Paak, & Dem Jointz)
 "Just Another Day" (performed by The Game featuring Asia Bryant)

Purpose by Justin Bieber
 "I'll Show You"
 "Purpose"  (piano)
 "Life is Worth Living (musician)

The Documentary 2 by The Game Don't Trip (featuring Ice Cube, Dr. Dre, Will.i.am)

A Volte Esagero by Marracash feat Salmo and Coez

Fumo by Clementino

2016
Sofia Reyes
 Llegaste Tu by Sofia Reyes

The Definition Of...  by  Fantasia
 When I Met You

2017
A Girl A Bottle A Boat by Train
 Drink Up
 Loverman
Fenomeno by Fabri Fibra
 Red carpet

2018
90 min by Salmo

2019
Hot Pink by Doja Cat
 "Streets"

References

External links

Record producers from North Carolina
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)


James Alexander L. S. Wong (born 26 May 1981) is a British ethnobotanist, television presenter and garden designer. He is best known for presenting the award-winning series Grow Your Own Drugs and the BBC and PBS series Secrets of Your Food, as well as being a panelist on the Radio 4 series Gardeners' Question Time.

Early life
Born at St Bartholomew's Hospital in the City of London to a Bornean father and a Welsh mother from Newport, Wong was brought up in Singapore and Malaysia. Upon being awarded an academic scholarship, he returned to the UK in 1999 to study at the University of Bath, where he took a BSc in Business Administration. He then trained at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and the University of Kent, gaining a Master of Science degree in ethnobotany, graduating with distinction.

Career
At the age of 27, Wong became the presenter of his own television series Grow Your Own Drugs. The award-winning BBC Two series demonstrates a number of natural remedies sourced from plants, and soon became the highest-rated gardening series on UK television. The show ran for two series, as well as a one-off Christmas special, Grow Your Own Christmas. Wong's first two books that tied-in with each series of the television show became international best-sellers, with his third title Homegrown Revolution becoming the fastest selling gardening book in UK history.

Wong is also a regular reporter on the hit BBC One rural affairs series Countryfile since its reformatting in April 2009, as well as being a regular panellist on BBC Radio 4's Gardeners' Question Time, and presenter of the Channel NewsAsia series Expensive Eats.

In his capacity as a garden designer, he has become a four-time Royal Horticultural Society medal winner for gardens he co-designed through the design studio he co-founded, Amphibian Designs, at the Chelsea Flower Show and the Hampton Court Palace Flower Show. In his first garden at the 2004 Hampton Court Palace Flower Show, he became the youngest-ever medal-winning designer at the event, and is currently the youngest five-time RHS medal winner.

Wong has designed an Ethnobotanical Garden for the University of Kent, where he is a guest lecturer.

His research has taken him to highland Ecuador, as well as to China and Java.

In 2013 and 2014, he presented several episodes of Great British Garden Revival, winning Best Television Programme of the Year at the 2014 Garden Media Awards.

In September 2015, Wong started writing a weekly column in The Observer; in February 2023 he announced that he had resigned from the column, after writing to the editorial department and tweeting to describe as "completely unacceptable" a column by Catherine Bennett whose headline likened politicians who support trans rights to alleged sex trafficker Andrew Tate in the context of the Gender Recognition Reform (Scotland) Bill and which mentioned Rosie Duffield, Joanna Cherry and Miriam Cates by name, criticising comments by Lloyd Russell-Moyle and Ben Bradshaw.

Personal life
Wong lives in central London. Wong retains a slight southern Welsh accent from his mother.

Filmography

Bibliography

References

External links
 James Wong's Official Site
 James Wong's Official Blog
 Amphibian Designs – a garden design studio co-founded by James Wong
   Manchester Evening News – Nature boy James Wong
 Grow your own drugs: an interview with James Wong – The Ecologist 2 July 2009
 Burgbad Presents Endangered Plant Sanctuary At The Rhs Hampton Court Palace Flower Show, July 2008

Living people
1981 births
Alumni of the University of Bath
Alumni of the University of Kent
English botanists
English gardeners
English people of Chinese descent
English people of Malaysian descent
English people of Welsh descent
English television presenters
Ethnobotanists
Malaysian people of Welsh descent
People from the City of London


The Ottoman Sevens is an international rugby sevens team, with its roots from Istanbul, Turkey. It is a spin-off from the Rugby XV club the Istanbul Ottomans R.F.C.
This team works on an "invitational" basis and participates on international Rugby Seven tournaments, starting in Europe and most probably soon around the world.
The Ottomans are easily recognized during the tournaments, as they are wearing "fezzes" during the evening and in between their matches. Also, their typical head, shoulder, knee and toe-warming up is a solid hint of where the Ottomans are.

Istanbul Ottomans R.F.C.
The Istanbul Ottomans R.F.C. are the first ever Turkish rugby union team, having been established in 1999. It took almost nine years before the first Turkish National Rugby competition took off, as that started in the year of 2007/2008 together with four other clubs in Turkey and Cyprus. In the meantime, the Ottomans participated in numerous XV, 10s and 7s tournaments in surrounding countries, like Bulgaria, Greece and Russia.

The aim of the Ottoman 7s
The idea of having a separate rugby sevens team working on an invitational basis, rather than continuing under the name of the Istanbul Ottomans R.F.C., is to be able to invite high quality players for sevens tournaments only. With this possibility, the Istanbul Ottomans R.F.C. can continue with their own players to participate on Sevens tournaments, and the Ottoman Sevens can proceed with aiming for higher levels ((semi)pro).
With possible successes in (semi)professional levels, the Turkish Rugby will get more attention from both the international rugby community, as well as from the Turkish citizens for whom the sport is relatively unknown.

The greater cause is obviously to increase the awareness of this great sport to Turkish people, and to ensure that more youth will start playing this sport to have a solid future.

Tournaments and Results
The Ottoman Sevens joined the Ameland Beach Rugby Festival in the Netherlands in June, 2008. The Ottomans - existing in 2008 of players of The Istanbul Ottomans R.F.C. and the Dutch Castricumse R.C. - ended up fourth in the recreational class of 64 teams. The fact that the Ottomans missed out on a place on the stand might be because several key players were not able to attend on the second day (Sunday) in the morning for the play-offs.

In June 2009, the Ottoman 7s were present at the Ameland Beach Rugby Festival again on Ameland, the Netherlands. This team existed of players of the Castricumse R.C., but also a Duke in the shape of Bart Viguurs and a long lost Englishman James. The Ottoman 7s were capable of beating the opponents relatively easy, resulting in lifting the championships' cup at the end of the second day.

In 2010, there will be two big tournaments on the list of the Ottoman 7s: the huge Amsterdam Heineken Sevens, and the inaugural International Istanbul Sevens.

External links
Ottoman Sevens Official Website
İstanbul Ottomans R.F.C. Official Website
Castricumse Rugby Club Official Website
Amsterdam Heineken Sevens Official Website
International Istanbul Sevens Official Website
Ameland Beach Rugby Festival Official Website

Rugby union in Turkey


Enoch (; ; Ḥănōḵ) is a person in the Book of Genesis. He is described as a son of Cain, and father of Irad.

Narrative
After Cain arrived in the Land of Nod, to which he was evicted by God as his punishment for murdering his own brother Abel, his wife became pregnant and bore Cain's first child, whom he named Enoch.

This Enoch is not to be confused with Enoch, son of Jared, to whom the authorship of the Book of Enoch is ascribed.

After the birth of Enoch, the Hebrew text of  is unclear. Either Cain built a city and named it after the mighty Enoch, or else Enoch built a city. In the King James Bible, the text makes it clear that Cain built the city and named it after his son.

According to the Book of Jubilees 4:9, Enoch's mother/aunt was named Awan.

Family tree

References

Book of Genesis people
Cain and Abel
Bereshit (parashah)
City founders
Book of Jubilees


Shake It Fast may refer to:

 "Shake It Fast", the clean version of the 2000 single "Shake Ya Ass" by Mystikal
 "Shake It Fast", a 2016 song by Rae Sremmurd


Dudnikov v. Chalk & Vermilion Fine Arts, Inc., 514 F.3d 1063 (10th Cir. 2008), was decided by the Tenth Circuit in January 2008. The Tenth Circuit overturned a dismissal granted by the District Court upon a motion to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction under FRCP12(b)(2). Dudnikov addresses the issues that arise regarding personal jurisdiction and the internet, applying standards set by the Supreme Court of the United States in a line of cases that progressively defined the doctrine and its scope in light of the Fourteenth Amendment.

Issue
The issue presented to the Tenth Circuit was whether the court held specific jurisdiction over the defendants due to their interactions with the plaintiffs via the internet services of eBay.

Facts
The plaintiffs, Karen Dudnikov and Michael Meadors, were "power sellers" on eBay, dealing in a variety of fabrics and handmade crafts. One of the fabrics they listed for auction made a play upon famous works by the artist Erté titled Symphony in Black and Ebony on White . The original artwork portrayed an elegant woman with a sleek dog upon a leash. The fabric sold by Dudnikov portrayed Betty Boop with her dog, "Pudgy," in a similar pose.

Defendant Chalk & Vermilion Fine Arts, Inc. is the American Agent for British corporation SevenArts, who owns the copyright for the Erté works of interest. Upon discovering the sale of the Betty Boop fabric, Chalk & Vermilion filed a request with eBay through their Verified Rights Owner Program ("VeRO") for a notice of claimed infringement. Under this program, eBay will terminate an item's auction when it receives such a notice from a VeRO member, who certifies under penalty of perjury that it believes an item infringes its copyright.

After receiving the Notice of Claimed Infringement (NOCI) notice from eBay canceling the auction, Dudnikov contacted Chalk & Vermilion and SevenArts to request that the NOCI be withdrawn, offering to refrain from relisting the disputed item. She was concerned that a NOCI filing would leave a black mark on her eBay reputation. SevenArts refused to withdraw the notice, prompting Dudnikov to challenge SevenArts' copyright claim with eBay. SevenArts responded by notifying Dudnikov that it intended to file a federal court action within ten days. Before SevenArts took the legal action they threatened, the plaintiffs in this case filed for a declaratory judgment that the contested fabric portraying Betty Boop did not infringe upon SevenArts' copyright.

Procedural
The plaintiffs brought a declaratory judgment action in the United States District Court of Colorado to resolve the issue of whether the plaintiff's sale of Betty Boop fabric infringed upon defendant's copyright. A FRCP 12(b)(2) motion to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction was filed by defendants, and granted by the District Court. Plaintiffs filed for this appeal.

Court's Reasoning
The Tenth Circuit applied the standard for determining personal jurisdiction laid out by the Supreme Court. Distilling the holdings of several Supreme Court cases, the Tenth Circuit formulated and applied a five-part test to determine whether specific jurisdiction is proper. Proper exercise of due process requires that the defendants (1) have committed an intentional action, (2) that the action was expressly aimed at the forum state, (3) that defendants had knowledge that the brunt of the injury would be felt in the forum state, (4) that the plaintiff's injuries arose out of the defendant's forum related activities, (5) and that traditional notions of fair play and substantial justice are not offended.

Intentional Action
The Court held that the sending of the NOCI was an intentional act designed to terminate the plaintiff's auction. The defendants additionally threatened to bring suit within ten days if the NOCI was not enforced. Furthermore, the Court aligned itself with a ruling by the Ninth Circuit holding that the intentional act does not need to be wrongful since such a requirement would be tantamount to an assessment of the merits of a case.

Action was Expressly Aimed at the Forum State
Though the defendants argued that the NOCI was sent to eBay in California, the Court held that the intent of the defendants sending the NOCI was to request eBay to remove the auction for the infringing material. Also, defendants contacted the plaintiffs directly, issuing a threat to sue them in federal court to prevent the future sale of the fabric. Furthermore, viewing the facts in a light most favorable to the plaintiff as required by the standard of judgment for a 12(b) motion to dismiss, the Court found that the defendants knew that plaintiffs were located in Colorado since notice was provided on their eBay listing.

Brunt of the Injury Felt in the Forum State
The Court found that defendants knew that plaintiffs' business was in Colorado, and thus that the effects of the NOCI would be felt there. Following Calder, the Court further determined that the defendants additionally took intentional actions that were expressly aimed at the forum state, as evidenced by the defendant's intentional cancellation of the plaintiff's auction.

Plaintiff's Injuries Arose out of Defendant's Forum Related Activities
Whereas the Court was confronted with selection of but-for causation and proximate causation when analyzing this issue, they held that both theories of causation were satisfied by the sending of the NOCI to eBay by the plaintiff as well as the email exchange between defendants and plaintiffs. Since the NOCI declared that defendants believed in good faith that plaintiffs infringed their copyright, the merits of the declaratory judgment suit dealt directly with the same issue raised by the NOCI.

Traditional Notions of Fair Play and Substantial Justice are not Offended
The court evaluated the issue of fair play and substantial justice by considering factors of (1) the defendant's burden, (2) the forum state's interests in the dispute, (3) the plaintiff's interest in receiving convenient and effectual relief, (4) the judicial system's interest in efficiently resolving controversies, (5) the shared interest of the several states in furthering social policy. Based upon these factors, the court decided that none of the factors weighed definitively in favor of the defendants. This is supported by the fact that defendants' threat of litigation showed they were already willing to litigate in a federal court on the issue.

Holding
The Court held that specific jurisdiction was proper over defendants Chalk & Vermilion and SevenArts since they committed an intentional action directly aimed at the forum state of Colorado, knew that plaintiffs would feel the impact of their action within the forum state, and were not unduly prejudiced by the exercise of jurisdiction.

Significance of Case
Dudnikov outlines the treatment of personal jurisdiction with regard to the internet for the Tenth Circuit. The court applied traditional tests for personal jurisdiction with regard to due process. The court mentions briefly in its opinion that the question of jurisdiction in this case was not affected by any other statutes applicable to the complaint. Thus, Dudnikov is effective as precedent for deciding personal jurisdiction within the Tenth Circuit as long as any other laws applied to the case confer the maximum jurisdiction possible consistent with due process.

United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit cases
2008 in United States case law
EBay litigation
United States copyright case law
Betty Boop
United States civil procedure case law


Mulinia is a genus of small to medium-sized saltwater and estuarine clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Mactridae.

Species
Species within the genus Mulinia include:
 Mulinia cleryana
 Mulinia coloradoensis – the Colorado Delta clam
 Mulinia edulis
 Mulinia lateralis
 Mulinia pallida

References

Mactridae
Bivalve genera


Tak Football Club () is a Thai semi professional football club based in Tak Province. They currently play in Thai Division 2 League Northern Region.

Timeline

History of events of Tak Football Club

Stadium and locations

Season By Season Record

Players

Current squad

External links
 Official Website of Tak FC
 Official Facebookpage of Tak FC

Association football clubs established in 2009
Football clubs in Thailand
Sport in Tak province
2009 establishments in Thailand


Francisco Sanz Fernández (Valencia, Spain, 1952) is a Spanish politician for the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE).

Married, with two children, Sanz gained a Doctorate in Engineering. He joined the PSOE in 1976 and in 1977 stood in the first democratic elections as a candidate for the Spanish Congress of Deputies in Valencia Province but was unsuccessful at the first attempt. Between 1978 and 1979 he worked in the pre-autonomous government of the Valencian Community which supervised the region in preparation for the granting of full devolution of powers.

In 1979 he was elected to the Spanish Congress representing Valencia Province and was re-elected in 1982 and 1986. However, on the latter occasion he resigned one year later after being elected to the European Parliament in the 1987 elections. He remained an MEP until 1999. Subsequently, he has represented the PSOE in various roles in the Valencian Community and from 2004 to 2005 was Rector of the University of Valencia.

References

1952 births
Living people
Members of the 1st Congress of Deputies (Spain)
Members of the 2nd Congress of Deputies (Spain)
Members of the 3rd Congress of Deputies (Spain)
MEPs for Spain 1986–1987
MEPs for Spain 1987–1989
MEPs for Spain 1989–1994
MEPs for Spain 1994–1999
Politicians from Valencia
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party MEPs


Steve Donovan, Western Marshal (also known as Western Marshal) is an American Western television series that aired in syndication from September 24, 1955 to June 6, 1956.

Cast and characters
Douglas Kennedy as United States Marshal Steve Donovan.
Eddy Waller as Rusty Lee, assistant of Donovan.

Production
Jack Chertock's Vibar Productions filmed the show on the Iverson Movie Ranch.

Reception
Billboard described the 1951 pilot as "a slick swift-paced item which shows the know-how [producer Jack] Chertok picked up in the course of turning out his Lone Ranger series."

Steve Donovan, Texas Ranger
In July 1952, Consolidated Television Productions began syndication of Steve Donovan, Texas Ranger, which starred Kennedy. Twenty-six 30-minute filmed episodes were available. The program was a Jack Chertok production.

References

External links

1955 American television series debuts
1956 American television series endings
1950s Western (genre) television series
Black-and-white American television shows
English-language television shows
First-run syndicated television programs in the United States
Television series set in the 19th century
Television shows set in Wyoming
United States Marshals Service in fiction


Dimmock is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dimmock, West Virginia
Arthur Dimmock MBE D.Arts (1918–2007), English writer on deaf matters
Charlie Dimmock (born 1966), English gardening expert and presenter
Dimmock v Secretary of State for Education and Skills, case concerning the use of Al Gore's documentary An Inconvenient Truth
Haydn Dimmock
Jessica Dimmock (born 1978), documentary photojournalist based in New York City
Jimmy Dimmock (1900–1972), footballer who scored the winning goal for Tottenham Hotspur in the 1921 FA Cup Final
Peter Dimmock (1920–2015), pioneering sports broadcaster of British television during its formative years in the 1950s

See also
Dimock (disambiguation)
Camden Town Murder (murder victim's surname)


Agapius II Matar, (sometime also known as Agapios III, 1736–1812) was Patriarch of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church from 1796 to 1812.

Life
Agapius Matar was born in 1736 in Damascus. He entered young in the Basilian Salvatorian Order. In 1779, when he was already a priest, he traveled to Rome and later to Paris. In 1789 he was appointed Superior of the Basilian Salvatorian Order and in 1795 he was appointed and consecrated bishop of Saida by Patriarch Cyril VII Siaj. On 11 September 1796 he was elected Patriarch.

The first problem Agapius Matar had to face as Patriarch were the clashes with the metropolitan of Beirut (see Article Ignatius IV Sarrouf) that saw Agapius Matar allied with Germanos Adam bishop of Aleppo in rejecting the disciplinary reform (and later the new foundation) of the monastic orders promoted by Sarrouf and by the Latin missionaries.

In those years the Melkite Church was in pursuit of its identity with regard to Rome. Agapius Matar asked and obtained from Propaganda Fide to forbid to the Franciscans to promote their Third order among Melkites, and later he obtained from Rome to forbid to the Custodian of the Holy Land to confer the sacrament of Confirmation on faithfuls not of Latin Rite. In 1806 he summoned a synod in Qarqafe (or Karkafeh) that lined up with the ecclesiological and sacramental doctrine of Germanos Adam, despite the fact that it was marked by Jansenist ideas. The acts of the Qarqafe's synod were later rejected by Maximos III Mazloum and condemned by Pope Gregory XVI with his brief Melchitarum catholicorum of 3 June 1835.

After the death of Germanos Adam he appointed as bishop of Aleppo, against the wishes of Ignatius Sarrouf and of other bishops, the young Adam's secretary, Maximos Mazloum. In 1811 Agapius Matar founded the seminary of Ain Traz to teach the diocesan priests. He died there on 2 February 1812.

References

Sources

Syrian Melkite Greek Catholics
Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarchs of Antioch
1812 deaths
1736 births
Religious leaders from Damascus


There are more than 50 completed high-rises in Oklahoma City, most of which stand in the central business district. In the city, 25 buildings stand  and taller. The tallest building in Oklahoma City, and in Oklahoma, is the 50-story Devon Tower, which rises  above the central business district. Other notable skyscrapers are Chase Tower and First National Center, which stand as the second and third-tallest buildings in Oklahoma City, respectively. Five of the 10 tallest buildings in Oklahoma are located in Oklahoma City.

The history of skyscrapers in Oklahoma City began with the completion of the Colcord Hotel, Oklahoma City's first skyscraper. After oil was discovered in the area, the population of Oklahoma City grew significantly. As a result, the city's skyline expanded, which featured a "race to the top" with the synchronous construction of First National Center and City Place Tower in the central business district. Contemporary skyscrapers began to be built in the north and west sides of Oklahoma City, and later in the downtown area. In 1993, Oklahoma City voters approved the MAPS (Metropolitan Area Projects) program, which featured the construction of several  distinct domestic facilities and restorations and expansions of other older ones. It was completed in 2004 and is deemed to be the first program of its kind for a city the size of Oklahoma City.

The Devon Tower, which was completed in 2012, has overtaken the Chase Tower as the tallest building in Oklahoma City with a height of . It has also become the tallest building in the state of Oklahoma, surpassing the BOK Tower in Tulsa. The 50-story building occupies over  and had an estimated construction cost of $750 million (USD).

Tallest buildings
This list ranks Oklahoma City skyscrapers that stand at least  tall, based on standard convert measurement; this includes spires and architectural details but does not include antenna masts. The "Year" column indicates the year in which a building was completed.

Under construction buildings
This lists buildings that are under construction in Oklahoma City and are planned to rise at least .

Approved and proposed buildings
This lists buildings that are either Proposed or actively Under Design Review with the City of Oklahoma City and are planned to rise at least .

Timeline of tallest buildings
This table lists buildings that once held the title of tallest building in Oklahoma City as well as the current titleholder, Devon Energy World Headquarters.

See also
 List of tallest buildings in Oklahoma
 the United States
 the world

References

General

Specific

External links

 Diagram of Oklahoma City skyscrapers on SkyscraperPage

Oklahoma City
Buildings and structures in Oklahoma City
Tallest


Helen Carnell (née Pearson) (born 8 February 1981) is an English presenter and journalist employed by ITV Tyne Tees & Border.

Background
Carnell is originally from Cornwall and has resided in Carlisle, Newcastle upon Tyne and Streatham at her time with ITV. Her interests as marathon running, solo travel, writing and textiles. Helen married in 2017.

Broadcasting career
In 2003 Carnell began her career with Westcountry Live on ITV Westcountry as a reporter based in Truro. She later became a newsreader of the opt-outs for the South of the region. In 2007 she moved to Lookaround on ITV Border based in Carlisle, initially as a newsreader and reporter, a year later she was promoted to co-presenter of the main programme.

On 25 February 2009 she was reassigned with the creation of ITV Tyne Tees & Border and was the newsreader of news updates which air during Good Morning Britain. However, from January to October 2011 she was a news correspondent and weather presenter.

On 24 June 2013, Carnell joined Good Morning Britain (previously Daybreak) on ITV Breakfast as a news producer and reporter. In February 2016, she left Good Morning Britain to return to ITV Tyne Tees & Border as a news correspondent.

References

ITV regional newsreaders and journalists
ITV Breakfast presenters and reporters
ITV Weather
English television journalists
English women journalists
British television newsreaders and news presenters
Living people
1981 births
British women television journalists
British women television presenters
Alumni of the University of Birmingham


The Naqbiyin (, singular Al Naqbi) is a tribe of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). They are mostly settled within the emirates of Sharjah and Ras Al Khaimah and have long been influential in the tribal politics of both emirates.

By the turn of the 20th century, the Naqbiyin had mostly settled in the emirate of Sharjah and were to be found in Khor Fakkan, Kalba as well as Dibba and Fahlain (today a suburb of Ras Al Khaimah). They had also settled at Khatt and Daftah in the Wadi Ham. Altogether, the settled population at that time was mostly involved in agriculture and numbered some 1,800 people.

Ras Al Khaimah

The tribe's settled territory included the Wadi Naqab in Ras Al Khaimah, to which the tribe gave its name. The tribe dispersed from the agriculturally rich wadi after a series of disputes with the pre-Al Qasimi local rulers. The tribe has traditionally been considered close to the Al Qasimi.

Khatt and Fahlain, two villages on the Jiri plain where the Naqbiyin dominate the population, formed part of the Sheikhdom of the 19th century Al Qasimi ruler of Ras Al Khaimah, Hassan bin Rahma, who signed the General Maritime Treaty of 1820 with the British. In the 1819 expedition from Bombay, British forces sacked Ras Al Khaimah and Hassan bin Rahma signed a preliminary agreement to cede Ras Al Khaimah town, which became the British garrison. He signed the 1820 treaty as "Sheikh of Hatt and Falna, formerly of Ras Al Khaimah". Hatt is modern Khatt, while Falna is Fahlain.

In 1903, Lorimer noted the village of Fahlain consisted of 60 Naqbiyin houses and 2,000 date palms.

Khatt was populated in the main by members of the 'Awanat, Sharqiyin, and Naqbiyin tribes – today the Al Naqbi Tower still stands in the village. The settlement of the Naqbiyin here is said to have taken place over a period of 300 years.

Shamaliyah
On the East coast, the area known as the Shamailiyah, the Naqbiyin were frequently in conflict with their neighbours, the Sharqiyin. The Naqbiyin were the 'powers behind the throne' when Kalba became independent of Sharjah in 1937, with the accession of the deposed former Ruler of Sharjah, Khalid bin Ahmad Al Qasimi, as Ruler of Kalba. Considered to have been present in Khor Fakkan prior to the Portuguese sack of that town under Albuquerque in 1506, the Naqbiyin were settled in strategic locations, given lands by the Al Qasimi, as a protection against the Sharqiyin.

The almost constant outbreaks of squabbling and disputes between Kalba and neighbouring Fujairah (itself only recognised as a Trucial State by the British in 1952)  broke out into open fighting over a land dispute after the UAE was founded in 1971 and, in 1972 the newly founded Union Defence Force was called in to take control of the fighting which, by the time the UDF moved in, had killed 22 and seriously injured a dozen more. The dispute was finally settled after mediation between Sheikh Rashid of Dubai and other Rulers and a statement announcing the settlement sent out on 17 July 1972.

References

Arabic-language surnames
Arab groups
Tribes of Arabia
Tribes of the United Arab Emirates


Libertiamo is a libertarian association chaired by Benedetto Della Vedova.

The group is the continuation of the Liberal Reformers (RL), an associate party of Forza Italia, formed in 2007 by Benedetto Della Vedova, a former President of the Italian Radicals who disagreed with the party's alliance with the centre-left. In 2009, with the official merger of Forza Italia into The People of Freedom (PdL), Della Vedova chose to dissolve the RL and to launch a new association, open to people coming from different upbringings.

By 2010 Della Vedova distanced from his mentor Silvio Berlusconi and got very close to Gianfranco Fini and his Generation Italy instead, thus becoming a leading member of the party's internal minority. The main reason for that is that Fini, a conservative with socially liberal instincts, and Della Vedova agreed on ethical issues such as abortion, stem-cell research, end-of-life and advance health care directive.

In July 2010, along with most Finiani, Della Vedova left the PdL group in the Chamber and became vice president of Future and Freedom (FLI).

Leadership
 President: Benedetto Della Vedova (2009–present)
 Vice President: Piercamillo Falasca (2009–present)
 Director: Carmelo Palma (2009–present)

References

External links
 Official website
 Generation Italy

Organisations associated with The People of Freedom
Libertarianism in Italy


Juan Alberto Espil Vanotti (born 5 January 1968) is a retired Argentine-Italian professional basketball player, who played as a shooting guard-small forward.

Professional career
Espil's last pro club was Bahía Basket (successor of Estudiantes in the LNB), where he retired in 2012.

In February 2013, Estudiantes honoured Espil by retiring the #10 jersey that he had worn during his two tenures on the club.

National team career
Espil helped Argentina to claim the country's first ever gold medal in men's basketball at the Pan American Games, as Argentina defeated the Team USA, in the final of the 1995 Pan American Games, in Mar del Plata, Argentina.

Espil also competed with the senior men's Argentine national basketball team at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, where his team finished in ninth place in the overall standings.

References

External links
FIBA Archive Profile
FIBA Europe Profile
EuroCup Profile
Eurobasket.com Profile
Spanish League Profile
Italian League Profile

1968 births
Living people
Argentine expatriate basketball people in Spain
Argentine men's basketball players
Atenas basketball players
Basketball players at the 1995 Pan American Games
Basketball players at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Basketball players with retired numbers
Bàsquet Manresa players
Bilbao Basket players
Boca Juniors basketball players
Estudiantes de Bahía Blanca basketball players
G.E.P.U. basketball players
Italian expatriate basketball people in Spain
Italian men's basketball players
Joventut Badalona players
Liga ACB players
Obras Sanitarias basketball players
Olympic basketball players for Argentina
Pallacanestro Virtus Roma players
Pan American Games gold medalists for Argentina
Sportspeople from Buenos Aires Province
Saski Baskonia players
Shooting guards
Small forwards
Pan American Games medalists in basketball
1998 FIBA World Championship players
Medalists at the 1995 Pan American Games
1994 FIBA World Championship players


Edward Orrick McDonnell (November 13, 1891 – January 6, 1960) was an American vice admiral and Medal of Honor recipient.

Biography
He was born on 13 November 1891 in Baltimore, Maryland. He graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1912.
He received the Medal of Honor for actions at the United States occupation of Veracruz, 1914.

On 10 March 1919 Lieutenant Commander McDonnell flew a British-built Sopwith Camel off an overhauled gun turret on the USS Texas and thus became the first man to fly an airplane off a battleship.

Admiral McDonnell died in the 1960 bombing of National Airlines Flight 2511 in Bolivia, North Carolina.

Medal of Honor citation
Rank and organization: Ensign Organization: U.S. Navy Born:13 November 1891, Baltimore, Md. Accredited to: Maryland Date of issue: 12/04/1915

Citation:

For extraordinary heroism in battle, engagements of Vera Cruz, 21 and 22 April 1914. Posted on the roof of the Terminal Hotel and landing, Ens. McDonnell established a signal station there day and night, maintaining communication between troops and ships. At this exposed post he was continually under fire. One man was killed and 3 wounded at his side during the 2 days' fighting. He showed extraordinary heroism and striking courage and maintained his station in the highest degree of efficiency. All signals got through, largely due to his heroic devotion to duty.

See also

List of Medal of Honor recipients (Veracruz)
List of United States Naval Academy alumni (Medal of Honor)
List of unsolved murders

References

Namesake
The frigate  was named in his memory.

External links

1891 births
1960 deaths
1960 murders in the United States
Aviators killed in aviation accidents or incidents in the United States
Battle of Veracruz (1914) recipients of the Medal of Honor
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
Male murder victims
Mass murder victims
Members of the Early Birds of Aviation
Military personnel from Baltimore
People murdered in North Carolina
United States Naval Academy alumni
United States Navy admirals
United States Navy Medal of Honor recipients
United States Navy World War II admirals
Unsolved murders in the United States
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 1960


Yahoo! Inc. v. La Ligue Contre Le Racisme et l'antisemitisme, 433 F.3d 1199 (9th Cir. 2006), was an Internet jurisdiction case of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, on whether American courts must help enforce penalties against American-operated websites that had been enacted by other nations.

Background
Selling or displaying Nazi artifacts is illegal in France, but some French users of auction and retail sites hosted at the international yahoo.com site were buying and selling such items. French anti-discrimination groups led by La Ligue Contre Le Racisme et l'antisemitisme (League Against Racism and Antisemitism, or LICRA) filed suit in French court, claiming that Yahoo! was violating French law by allowing French Internet users to buy the Nazi antiques on websites hosted outside of the country.

Yahoo! claimed that as an American company, it was not subjected to French law. Regardless, the French court determined that the company had violated French law and charged the company a penalty of 100,000 Francs (about $13,300) per day until all listings for Nazi artifacts were taken down or made inaccessible for French users. While the local operators of yahoo.fr added warnings for users and worked to take down some listings for Nazi memorabilia, Yahoo! resisted taking similar measures for its general sites that are accessible around the world. Yahoo! also refused to pay the penalty, again citing a lack of jurisdiction for the French court that instituted the penalty.

Believing that Yahoo!'s refusal to pay the fine was a violation of the Hague Convention, which requires international cooperation to settle war crimes (with the Nazis as the criminals), LICRA contacted the United States Marshals Service and suggested that the Marshals should enforce the ruling of the French court, by collecting the daily fine from Yahoo! and ordering the company to take down the offending material from all its sites on the World Wide Web. The Marshals declined to take action but informed Yahoo! of the request.

Yahoo! filed suit in the district court for the Northern District of California against LICRA, arguing that the organization's demands were moot because the French courts did not have jurisdiction to charge the penalty, and that the French court's order to take down offending material was untenable under Yahoo!'s free speech rights as an American company. More specifically, Yahoo! requested declaratory relief on whether the French court order was enforceable against them as an American company. LICRA argued that the American court did not have jurisdiction over them, so they should retain the ability to utilize the U.S. Marshals to enforce an international legal order.

The district court determined that it did have personal jurisdiction over LICRA because it was requesting law enforcement actions in that court's territory. Then the district court ruled against LICRA's motion to dismiss the suit, effectively agreeing with Yahoo! that it should not be subjected to a French court ruling. LICRA appealed this decision to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals.

Opinion
The question before the Ninth Circuit was whether it and other American courts have jurisdiction over LICRA as a French organization requesting law enforcement action in the United States. Applying the Calder Test on determining personal jurisdiction in international legal disputes, the circuit court ruled that LICRA's request would not require significant actions by Yahoo! because the French court order was unenforceable in the United States. Therefore the circuit court held that it, and the lower court, did not have jurisdiction in the dispute.

This overturned Yahoo's victory at the district court, but this was also a loss for LICRA because the circuit court ruled that the dispute was not adjudicable in the United States at all. As an international dispute with unclear procedures on how to enforce or acknowledge the French court order, the case was not ripe for adjudication in American courts.

The circuit court noted that this ruling was focused purely on jurisdiction, for both the French court in its order for Yahoo! to take down material and pay a fine, and LICRA's attempts to enforce that order. The circuit court avoided any discussion of the morality of buying and selling Nazi memorabilia or France's motivations in suppressing that type of business activity. Also, Yahoo! had the ability to refuse certain auctions on a case-by-case basis and to refuse shipping to certain locations, and the circuit court found that those were sufficient for addressing the controversy in France.

Impact
The ruling has been cited as an important early precedent in efforts by governments to regulate the Internet at the international level, when trying to maintain democratic or cultural norms. The continuing confusion over the ability of one nation to regulate the users and designers of a foreign website, which by definition is accessible around the world via the World Wide Web, was widely discussed by regulators and experts due to the outcome of this case.

References

2006 in United States case law
Yahoo! litigation
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit cases


The 5th women's world championships were held in 1988 for the second time in Chamonix, France. This was the last time that separate world championships were held for women.

Women's results

10 km individual

5 km sprint

3 × 5 km relay

Medal table

References

1988
Biathlon World Championships
International sports competitions hosted by France
Biathlon World Championships}
Biathlon World Championships
Biathlon World Championships
Biathlon competitions in France
Sport in Chamonix


This is a list of Bowling Green Falcons baseball seasons. The Bowling Green Falcons baseball team represents Bowling Green State University and this list documents the season-by-season records of the Falcons from 1915 to the present including conference and national post season records. Bowling Green's baseball program fielded its first varsity team in 1921. From 1921 until 1932, Bowling Green was a member of the Northwest Ohio League and was an independent until 1953 when the school joined the Mid-American Conference. The Falcons were in the East Division of the MAC from 2006 to 2017 until the MAC eliminated divisions.

The Falcons have appeared in four NCAA tournaments in 1972, 1998, 1999 and 2013.  The program has won seven NWOIAA championships and has been named MAC regular season conference champions seven times and its tournament champion three times.

From 1915 until 1926, the athletic programs at Bowling Green were known as the Normals, after the institution's original name Bowling Green State Normal School.

Season results

Notes

Sources:

References

Bowling Green
Bowling Green Falcons baseball seasons


Diego Marcelo Osella (born September 4, 1969) is a retired Argentine professional basketball player.

Professional career
Osella was the Argentine League Finals MVP in 1999.

National team career
With the senior Argentine national basketball team, Osella competed at the 1996 Summer Olympic Games in Atlanta, Georgia, where his team finished in ninth place in the overall-rankings. A year earlier, he helped claim Argentina's first ever gold medal in senior men's basketball, at the 1995 Pan American Games, after defeating the United States in the final, in Mar del Plata, Argentina.

Titles

Clubs
 Liga Nacional de Básquet: 1988, 1990, 1991–92, 1997–98, 1998–99, 2008–09
 Campeonato Sudamericano de Clubes: 1993, 1994
 Campeonato Panamericano de Clubes: 1996
 Liga Sudamericana de Clubes: 1997, 1998, 2004
All club championships were won playing with Atenas.

National team
 Sudamericano Juvenil: 1988
 Pan American Games gold medal: 1995
 Sudamericano Mayores gold medal: 2001

Personal honours
Liga Nacional de Básquet Statistical Leaders:
 Most games played in the Liga Nacional at the time he retired (1,096)
 Most rebounds in the Liga Nacional (6,804).
 Most blocks in the Liga Nacional (989).
 5th all-time top scorer in the Liga Nacional (12,358).
 Number 11 jersey retired by Atenas: (2011)

References

External links
Number 11 retirement video at BasketBlog.com

1969 births
Living people
1998 FIBA World Championship players
Argentine expatriate basketball people in Spain
Argentine men's basketball players
1990 FIBA World Championship players
Atenas basketball players
Basketball players at the 1995 Pan American Games
Basketball players at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Basketball players with retired numbers
CB Lucentum Alicante players
Centers (basketball)
Estudiantes de Olavarría basketball players
Juventud Sionista basketball players
Liga ACB players
Olympic basketball players for Argentina
Pallacanestro Varese players
Pan American Games gold medalists for Argentina
Pan American Games medalists in basketball
Sportspeople from Córdoba Province, Argentina
Medalists at the 1995 Pan American Games
1994 FIBA World Championship players


A Service Implementation Bean (SIB), is a term used in Java Platform, Enterprise Edition, for a Java object implementing a web service. It can be either a POJO or a Stateless Session EJB. The Java interface of an SIB is called a Service Endpoint Interface (SEI).

See also

External links
 Designing Web Services with the J2EE 1.4 Platform

Java enterprise platform


References

Billings
Tallest in Billings
Buildings and structures in Billings, Montana


nthWORD was an American quarterly online magazine for creative people. The magazine published works of fiction, creative non-fiction, poetry and art by established and emerging writers and artists, and mock ads.

In addition, nthWORD conducted interviews with commercial and independent artists and professionals working in a variety of creative disciplines and maintained nthWORD Shorts, a blog with a focus on creativity. nthWORD Shorts included daily and weekly posts on art, culture and entertainment—including filmmaking, literature, design, publishing, photography, and social media, artist interviews and reviews on theatre, books, film and technology.

Notable contributors included award-winning poet Lyn Lifshin, director Antoine Fuqua, humorist Harmon Leon, best-selling author David Henry Sterry, multidisciplinary artist Michael Holman, advertising executive Mat Zucker of Ogilvy & Mather, filmmaker Liz Canner and RT anchor Abby Martin.

Staff
 Publisher/Co-founder: Robert Frigault
 Editor-in-Chief/Co-founder: Ryan O'Connor
 Associate Editor: Jennifer König
 Associate Editor: Eliza Kane
 Assistant Editor: Nick Johnson

Interviews

Film
 Producer Kim Waltrip (Expecting Mary), (Issue 3, Fall 2009)
 Director Antoine Fuqua (Brooklyn's Finest), (Issue 6, April 2010)
 Filmmaker Liz Canner (Orgasm Inc.), (Issue 5, February 2010)
 Harold Blank, Theatre Owner and Partner of Vermont International Film Festival (Issue 5, February 2010)
 Screenwriter/Director Michael Holman Basquiat (Issue 8, December 2010)

Theatre
 Actors Matthew Glassman and Carlos Uriona of Double Edge Theatre (Issue 5, February 2010)
 Virlana Tkacz, Founding Director of Yara Arts Group by Olena Jennings (Issue 6, April 2010)

Writing and publishing
 Shane Jones of Light Boxes (Issue 8, December 2010)
 Dennis Loy Johnson of Melville House Publishing (Issue 8, December 2010)
 Poet Laureate Charles Simic (nthWORD Shorts, Olena Jennings, April 18, 2011)
 James Scudamore of Booker Prize nominated Heliopolis (nthWORD Shorts, Ryan O'Connor, July 11, 2011)

Music
 Matthew Clark of White Rabbits (Issue 2, Spring/Summer 2009)
 Thomas Gobena and Ori Kaplan of Gogol Bordello (Issue 7, August 2010)

Reviews

Advertising
 The World's Greatest Salesperson Contest by Ogilvy & Mather (nthWORD Shorts, March 29, 2010)

Books
 Zero by Ignacio de Loyola Brandao (nthWORD Shorts, November 2010)
 The Good-Bye Angel by Ignacio de Loyola Brandao (nthWORD Shorts, November 2010)
 Ice Trilogy by Vladimir Sorokin (nthWORD Shorts, July 2010)
 Seven Days in Rio by Francis Levy (Jessica Maybury for nthWORD Shorts, January 2012)
 The Dewey Decimal System by Nathan Larson (Kola Boof for nthWORD Shorts, February 2012)

Film
 The Squid and the Whale: A Comedic Victory, Not for the Sentimental (nthWORD Shorts, October 27, 2010)

Photography
 Miss Aniela (Natalie Dybisz) on Flickr & Freedom of Expression (nthWORD Shorts, February 3, 2010)
 Viola Muscinelli on Censorship (nthWORD Shorts, February 8, 2010)
 Jessica Stoker: Beyond Inhibitions (nthWORD Shorts, February 13, 2010)
 Nate Howard On Seeing Haiti, Nate Howard Photographs Haiti (nthWORD Shorts, February 14, 2010)

Theatre
 The Salvation of Anarchy: Review of The Disappearance by Double Edge Theatre (nthWORD Shorts, April 1, 2010)

Festivals
 The Flat Lake Festival by Jessica Maybury (nthWORD Shorts, June 9, 2010)

Music
 The Decemberists Review of The King Is Dead (album) by Seth Katz (nthWORD Shorts, January 27, 2010)
 St. Vincent Review of Strange Mercy by Seth Katz (nthWORD Shorts, September 15, 2011)
of Montreal Review of Paralytic Stalks by Seth Katz (nthWORD Shorts, February 8, 2012)

References

Online literary magazines published in the United States
Quarterly magazines published in the United States
Visual arts magazines published in the United States
Defunct literary magazines published in the United States
Contemporary art magazines
Magazines established in 2009
Magazines published in Vermont
Magazines with year of disestablishment missing
Mass media in Burlington, Vermont


The Venice Declaration (also known as the Declaration of the Venice Summit) was an agreement issued by the nine-member economic committee of the EEC, which met in June 1980 in conjunction with Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO).  The declaration called for the acknowledgment of Palestinians’ right to self-government and the PLO’s right to be connected to peace initiatives.

Content of the Declaration

As tensions in the Arab-Israeli conflict escalated, European countries decided that the current negotiations (as coordinated by the United States) were not working, that the situation was serious, and that they needed to interfere.  In justifying their role in the negotiations, the nine European countries cited their traditional and common interests as ties to the region.  They based the Venice Declaration on Security Council Resolution 242 and Security Council Resolution 338.  They emphasized, in the fourth point of the declaration, that they were primarily concerned with  “the two principles universally accepted by the international community: the right to existence and to security of all States in the region, including Israel, and justice for all the peoples, which implies the recognition of legitimate rights of the Palestinian people” ().  They also stated the need to establish boundaries in the Middle East and to maintain peace within them.  While they said it was important to resettle the Palestinian refugees, the European leaders also stressed the value of self-government for Palestinians and that, like the Israelis, they should be involved in the process of peace settlement.  Furthermore, the Declaration asserts that these principles are necessary for the establishment of peace and that everyone involved, both Palestinian and Israeli, should have access to Jerusalem.  The nine European powers determined that Israel should “put an end to the territorial occupation which it has maintained since the conflict of 1967.”  They concluded by saying that force would be used to implement the Declaration and that they, the nine European powers, would reach out to the Middle Eastern nations in order to initiate the changes.

Responses to the Venice Declaration

In short, the Venice Declaration sought to establish boundaries and secure peace.  In order to achieve that, they wanted to grant self-determination to Palestinians and to limit the territorial policies of Israel.  It was through Arafat’s efforts that the Palestinians’ right to self-government was recognized and that the PLO was established as the umbrella organization for Palestinians.  Thus, Arafat was put in charge of implementing the Venice Declaration because he was the head of the PLO.  However, he was under a great deal of pressure from the Israeli rightists, who felt that the Declaration of Venice did not benefit them, and radical Arabs, who felt that the Declaration neglected the question of what to do with Jordan and the West Bank.  Responses were also violent; Syria, through a Fatah official, contributed to the assassination a PLO representative in Belgium.

Aftermath

In 1981, there were clashes between offshoot groups of the PLO and Israelis.  They formed a cease-fire, but that raised complications because it suggested that the Israelis accepted the PLO.  Israel became threatened by the fact that the Palestinians and the PLO were officially recognized, which contributed to a more heightened tensions.  When Sadat was in Washington, D.C. in 1981, he suggested that Israel and the PLO participate in peace talks, but Begin rejected his suggestion.  Furthermore, the Prince Fahd of Saudi Arabia wanted to “scrap the Camp David Agreements, have Israel withdraw from all Arab territories occupied since 1967, and the creation of a Palestinian state with its capital in East Jerusalem”.  Egypt wanted to preserve the Camp David Agreement.  The United States treated the Venice Declaration and its aftermath carefully; they were committed to Camp David, but did not want to come into conflict with the Saudis.

Notes

Israeli–Palestinian peace process


Someday Came Suddenly is the debut studio album by American metalcore band Attack Attack!. It was released on November 11, 2008, through Rise Records. The album's name derives from the third track, "Bro, Ashley's Here", and is the only album to feature vocalist Austin Carlile. Many of the album's lyrics feature strong Christian themes.

Background
Someday Came Suddenly was recorded at The Foundation in Connersville, Indiana, in 2008, and released that November. Attack Attack! had been signed to Rise Records shortly after the release of their EP If Guns Are Outlawed, Can We Use Swords? earlier that year. Five of the album's tracks – "Stick Stickly", "Party Foul", "What Happens If I Can't Check My MySpace When We Get There?", "The People's Elbow", and "Dr. Shavargo Pt. 3" – are re-recordings of the five songs on If Guns Are Outlawed, Can We Use Swords?.

In the fall of 2008, the group toured with Maylene and the Sons of Disaster, A Static Lullaby, Showbread and Confide. During this tour, the band parted ways with Carlile and he was replaced by Nick Barham of For All We Know. The group also joined Escape the Fate on their US headlining tour in February and March 2009 along with William Control, and Burn Halo.

Singles
Lead single "Stick Stickly" was released for digital download on June 4, 2008. It is named after the Nickelodeon character Stick Stickly, a popsicle stick voiced by Paul Christie that hosted the programming block Nick in the Afternoon. The music video for "Stick Stickly" debuted on MTV Headbangers Ball in 2009. The video is infamous for inspiring the crabcore internet meme, named for the members of the band and other electronicore artists squatting rhythmically in a "crab-like" stance.

"Dr. Shavargo Pt. 3" was released on August 14, 2009 as the album's second single. The song had a music video produced for it, which consists of a live performance filmed in Pontiac, Michigan at the Crofoot Ballroom during their tour with Escape the Fate. Neither video features Carlile, who had been replaced by Nick Barham by the time they were filmed.

Reception

Someday Came Suddenly peaked at number 193 on the Billboard 200 and number 25 on the Independent Albums chart. Its highest peak was at number 9 on the Heatseekers Albums chart, where it spent 32 weeks. While the album was commercially a moderate success, it received generally mixed reviews, with praise for the heavier tracks and unclean vocals and criticism of its electronic elements and use of Auto-Tune. Gregory Adams of The Georgia Straight and John McDonnell of The Guardian unfavorably compared lead single "Stick Stickly" to Swedish Eurodance artist Basshunter.

Eric Schneider of AllMusic gave a positive review for the album stating, "the emo act Attack Attack! presents a restless outing that ranges from the melodic tune 'Bro, Ashley's Here' to the searing screamo number 'Party Foul'. While the shift between the two sounds can be disorienting, the group's keyboard-centric arrangements manage to tie Someday Came Suddenly together, as best revealed on 'The People's Elbow'." Jeremy Aaron of AbsolutePunk gave a mixed review praising the group's ability to be both heavy and catchy, but criticized their opposite styles, "simply off-putting at times." He ended off calling the album, "uninspired, with most of the songs following the same formula."

Sean Reid of Alter the Press! criticized the tracks such as "Bro, Ashley's Here", "Shred, White, And Blue" and "Party Foul" for, "following the structure of uninspiring hardcore music with electronic undertones and vocoder singing vocals." PunkNews.org gave a negative review of the album stating, "Attack Attack! is just your typical, generic screamo band, with electronica breakdowns of course."

Track listing

Personnel
Credits for Someday Came Suddenly adapted from AllMusic.

Attack Attack!
 Austin Carlile – lead vocals
 Johnny Franck – clean vocals, guitars
 John Holgado – bass guitar
 Caleb Shomo – keyboards, programming, backing vocals
 Andrew Wetzel – drums
 Andrew Whiting – guitars

Production
 Joey Sturgis – producer, engineering, mixing, mastering
 Keaton Andrews – photography
 Sons of Nero – artwork

Charts

References

2008 debut albums
Attack Attack! albums
Rise Records albums
Albums with cover art by Sons of Nero
Albums produced by Joey Sturgis


David Alexanian (born December 10, 1967) is an American director and producer.

Career
In 2004, Alexanian directed and produced Long Way Round, which followed Ewan McGregor and Charley Boorman on a  motorcycle journey from London to New York, through Europe, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Siberia, far eastern Russia and North America.

In 2009 Alexanian produced The Way with Emilio Estevez
Estevez and Alexanian assembled an independent film crew and a small group of actors to travel across the north of Spain along The Camino de Santiago.
The film starred Martin Sheen, Deborah Kara Unger, James Nesbitt and Yorick Van Wageningen as misfits who find each other and themselves during their trek together along the ancient Spanish route called El Camino or The Way of Saint James. The film went on to premiere at the Toronto Film Festival in 2010 and was released in 2011.

In 2021 the TV series Long Way Up was nominated for the Outstanding Travel, Adventure and Nature Program Emmy award.

Filmography
Wake Up And Smell The Coffee (2001)
Where the Red Fern Grows (2003)
Long Way Round (2004)
Long Way Down (2007)
The Way (2010)
Marley African Roadtrip (2011)
Long Way Up (2020)

References

External links

 Elixir Films

1967 births
Living people
American film producers


Spira was a milk chocolate product in the form of a hollow twisted spiral produced by Cadbury. There were two spiral fingers in each pack, and the brand was initially only available in the south-west and north-west of England in the mid-1980s, before being rolled out across the country.

The development of Spira can be traced back to 1984 and was born of two key factors: a new production process allowed chocolate to be produced in different shapes and textures without the need for moulds, and the company perceived a weakness in its product mix with too few ‘countline’ products and limited appeal to teenagers.

Of three potential products taken forward from the concept stage, a twisted bar with cartwheel cross-section named ‘Rollers’ was deemed the most successful. Further refinement, changes to presentation and the change of name eventually resulted in the emergence of the Spira product, which was aimed squarely at the 15 to 24-year-old market.

Following a million-pound investment in plant at the Bournville factory, Cadbury first test-launched Spira in the Granada television region. The chocolate was successful enough to gain a 6.3% market share and the number two chocolate position, but it proved impossible to produce sufficient quantities to keep up with demand at this stage. The bar was withdrawn from market and a new test market was established in the south-west while additional factory capacity was built.

In 1989, the bar was launched nationwide. It continued to be available until June 2005.

See also
 List of confectionery brands

References

External links
Cadbury discontinued products page

Chocolate bars
Spira


Gemma Arró Ribot  (born 28 August 1980) is a Catalan ski mountaineer, born in Puigcerdà. She started ski mountaineering in 2003 and competed for the first time at the Cronoescalada Pas de la Casa race.

Selected results
 2006:
 5th, World Championship relay race together with Naila Jornet Burgada, Izaskun Zubizarreta Guerendiain and Cristina Bes Ginesta
 2007:
 6th, European Championship relay race together with Maribel Martín de la Iglesia and Izaskun Zubizarreta Guerendiain
 8th,European Championship team race together with Izaskun Zubizarreta Guerendiain
 2008:
 5th, World Championship relay race together with Cristina Bes Ginesta, Izaskun Zubizarreta Guerendiain und Emma Roca Rodríguez
 2009:
 4th, European Championship relay race together with Mireia Miró Varela and Izaskun Zubizarreta Guerendiain
 7th European Championship vertical race
 2010:
 4th, World Championship relay race (together with Mireia Miró Varela and Cristina Bes Ginesta)
 4th, World Championship team race (together with Mireia Miró Varela)
 6th, World Championship single race
 6th, World Championship combination ranking
 8th, World Championship vertical race
 2011:
 3rd, World Championship vertical race
 3rd, World Championship relay (together with Cristina Bes Ginesta and Mireia Miró Varela)
 6th, World Championship team race (together with Marta Riba Carlos)
 2012:
 2nd, European Championship team, together with Mireia Miró Varela
 2nd, European Championship relay, together with Marta Riba Carlos and Mireia Miró Varela
 3rd, European Championship vertical race
 5th, World Championship vertical, combined ranking
 4th, 2012 Crested Butte Ski Mountaineering Race, sprint, single and total ranking

Patrouille des Glaciers

 2010: 9th (and 5th in the "civilian women" ranking), together with Marta Riba Carlos and Naila Jornet Burgada

External links
 Gemma Arró Ribot at Skimountaineering.org

References

1980 births
Living people
Ski mountaineers from Catalonia
People from Cerdanya (comarca)
Spanish female ski mountaineers
Sportspeople from the Province of Girona