Eric Barnes (born February 28, 1968) is an American writer and publisher. He is the author of the novels Above the Ether, from Arcade Publishing, The City Where We Once Lived, from Arcade Publishing, Shimmer, from Unbridled Books and Something Pretty, Something Beautiful, from Outpost19, as well as the author of numerous short stories, including stories published in The Literary Review, Prairie Schooner, The Northwest Review, Raritan and other publishers of short literary fiction.

Barnes' novel The City Where We Once Lived was a top 100 Kindle download from Amazon in the summer of 2020, peaking at #63 on August 10, 2020. His novel Above the Ether was a top 200 Kindle download that summer, reaching #193.

The novel The City Where We Once Lived has led to Barnes' work being cited as contributing to the national conversation on climate change.

Barnes' short story "Something Pretty, Something Beautiful" was selected for inclusion in Best American Mystery Stories 2011, a series edited by Otto Penzler.

Barnes is the publisher and CEO of The Daily Memphian, an online news site in Memphis started in September 2018. Barnes is also the publisher of The Daily News, as well as The West Tennessee News, The Nashville Ledger, The Knoxville Ledger, and The Hamilton County Herald.

Barnes is also the host of the weekly news program on local Public Television, WKNO. The show, Behind the Headlines, covers local stories, including stories about politics, business and the public interest.

Barnes received his BA from Connecticut College and his MFA from Columbia University. He was formerly a [eporter and editor in Connecticut and New York City and, before that, worked in Kenai, Alaska. He grew up in Tacoma, Washington. He lives in Memphis.

Novels – synopsis and reviews
Barnes has written the novel The City Where We Once Lived (Arcade Publishing, March 2018, ). Emily St. John Mandel said of the novel, "Barnes's new novel is a rare and truly original work: a hard-edged fable, tender and unflinching, in which a man's descent and renewal is mirrored by his city. An eerie, beautifully written, and profoundly humane book." The City Where We Once Lived was a top 100 Kindle download from Amazon_(company) in the summer of 2020, peaking at #63 on August 10, 2020.

Barnes has written the novel Above the Ether (Arcade Publishing, June 2019, ). Booklist said of the novel, “Barnes’ spare and chilling prose flows from one horrific scene to another without, surprisingly, alienating his readers, perhaps because the heart of his narrative ultimately reveals an abiding faith in the power of human compassion. A first-rate apocalyptic page-turner.” Above the Ether was a top 200 Kindle download in 2020, reaching #193 on May 9, 2020.

He has also written the novel Something Pretty, Something Beautiful (Outpost19 June 2013, ). Benjamin Whitmer wrote of the book, "Elegantly constructed and lovingly, tenderly, savagely written... the most harrowing portrait of American boys careening into manhood that I've ever read. And the truest."

Barnes has written the novel Shimmer (Unbridled Books, July 2009, ). A book about CEO Robbie Case, whose high tech company is built on a lie, Shimmer follows Robbie as he attempts to unwind the lie he has created. The fictional company, Core Communications, is a provider of high end networking services to mainframe computers. Along with his partner and cousin, Robbie has created an elaborate system that supposedly allows mainframe computers to communicate at impossibly fast speeds. However, the system does not work. It is actually built on a technical and financial Ponzi scheme that will fail if the company ever stops expanding.

Reviews of Shimmer have said, "Case's slow but accelerating downward spiral drives the narrative.... The corporate intrigue should hook anyone fascinated by the collapse of Wall Street and the crimes of Bernie Madoff." Another reviewer said, "I haven't been able to get the people in the book out of my head.... Beautifully written, quiet and intense, Shimmer was absolutely riveting." Another reviewer said of Shimmer, "The book moves at a breathtaking pace, but I was purposely slowing my reading to enjoy both the writing and the structure of the book. Shimmer is beautiful in the way that a collapsing building is; more beautiful, because throughout it you can cling to the hope that the building will somehow put itself back together."

Short stories

Barnes has published a number of short stories. They include:

"Something Pretty, Something Beautiful," Best American Mystery Stories 2011
"Something Pretty, Something Beautiful," Prairie Schooner
"All I Can See," Other Voices
"And We Would Drive," The Northwest Review
"Applewhite," The Literary Review
"The Arsons," The Louisville Review
"Auntie Gail and Uncle Dan," Press
"Captain Marvel," Pearl
"Friday Afternoon," Arkansas Review/Kansas Quarterly
"Dreams Where I Can Fly," Raritan
"Prima della fine," l'Internazionale (an Italian translation of "Dreams Where I Can Fly")
"The Huts," The Greensboro Review
"Lull, Pattern and Pure," 34th Parallel
"Macramé Today," North Atlantic Review
"Perfection," The Literary Review
"Powdered Milk," Washington Square Review
"Santa Claus Goes Hunting In the Off-Season," HobartPulp
"Slower," The Portland Review
"Someone Else Entirely," Quarterly West
"Stories About Them," Crazyhorse
"Swimming," The Portland Review
"Toward the Sky," Pacific Review

Newspapers and publishing
Barnes is the Publisher & CEO of The Daily Memphian, an online news site in Memphis, Tennessee. He is also Publisher & CEO of The Daily News (Memphis), which publishes news of business and politics in Memphis, as well as The Nashville Ledger, The Knoxville Ledger and The Hamilton County Herald.. The Daily News also publishes a weekly edition, The West Tennessee News, operates an extensive public records database on its Web site, and operates Chandler Reports, a provider of real estate information.

References

External links
 The official Eric Barnes Website.
 Official site for the book.
 Unbridled Books, publisher of Shimmer.
 Outpost 19
 The Daily News
 Arcade Publishing
 The Daily Memphian
 Behind the Headlines on WKNO-TV

Living people
1968 births
Columbia University School of the Arts alumni
Connecticut College alumni
Writers from Memphis, Tennessee
Writers from Tacoma, Washington
21st-century American novelists
Novelists from Tennessee
American male novelists
American male short story writers
21st-century American short story writers
21st-century American male writers
Novelists from Washington (state)


The Salons of Early Modern Revolutionary France played an integral role in the cultural and intellectual development of France. The salons were seen by contemporary writers as a cultural hub, for the upper middle class and aristocracy, responsible for the dissemination of good manners and sociability. It was not merely manners that the salons spread, but also ideas, as the salons became a center of intellectual conversation, as well as a debate stage for social issues, playing host to many members of the Republic of Letters. In contrast to other early modern institutions, women played an important and visible role within the salons. Each woman, or Salonniere, played a different role within these Salons. Some were actively involved in conversation and debate, while others used their connections to bring others together and spread Enlightenment ideas.

Historiography

The historiography of the salons is far from straightforward. The salons have been studied in depth by a mixture of feminist, Marxist, cultural, social and intellectual historians. Each of these methodologies focuses on different aspects of the salons, and thus there are varying analyses of the salons’ importance in terms of French history and the Enlightenment as a whole.
 Major historiographical debates focus around the relationship between the salons and the public sphere, as well as the role of women within the salons.

Periodisation of the Salon

Breaking down the salons into a historical periods is complicated due to the various historiographical debates that surround them. Most studies stretch from the early sixteenth century up until around the end of eighteenth century. Goodman is typical in ending her study at The French Revolution where, she writes: 'the literary public sphere was transformed into the political public'. Steven Kale is relatively alone in his recent attempts to extend the period of the salon up until Revolution of 1848. Kale points out:
A whole world of social arrangements and attitude supported the existence of french salons: an idle aristocracy, an ambitious middle class, an active intellectual life, the social density of a major urban center, sociable traditions, and a certain aristocratic feminism. This world did not disappear in 1789.

“Penny Universities”
In the 17th century “penny universities” started to pop up across Western Europe. These “universities” appeared in coffee shops, where they got the name “penny university”. This name came because people could go to these shops, and for a very low cost (the cost of a cup of coffee), one could learn the newest scholarly information, discuss local politics and other news. Anyone of any social class could frequent the coffeehouses, and so they became associated with equality and republicanism; however, in many cities and countries, women were excluded because at this point in time they were widely considered the “weaker” sex, incapable of debating or learning in a male-dominated area. These coffeehouses can be seen as a predecessor to the Salons of the French Revolution in that they provided non-aristocracy with access to knowledge and were a hub for discussion on Enlightenment ideals, political reform, and the arts.

Cultural rise of Salons
In the 1500s with colonialism and mercantilism rising, wealth and luxury items made their way into Europe. This opulence nurtured elitism among those in the upper class and ideas such as “Art for arts sake”.

For decades Court Life was how upper class French men and women communicated, spread new ideas, and created cultural trends. The lower members of the aristocracy would send their daughters to court, where they would learn about the arts and culture, but also make social connections and gain status, with the ultimate goal of making a profitable marriage arrangement. Over time courts became a half open, half closed place, with members of somewhat different status all mingling. Since court culture focused mainly on the arts, women held an almost equal position to men. However, as Enlightenment ideas spread across Europe and in France, monarchies and courtlife fell out of favor with the public. This allowed bourgeois women in the home to create a culture and atmosphere similar to that of Royal life, but with more equality.

Conversation, content and the form of the salon

The content and form of the salon must be studied in order to understand the character and historical importance of the salon. Contemporary literature about the salons is dominated by idealistic notions of politeness, civility and honesty, but whether the salons lived up to these standards is matter of debate. Older texts on the salons tend to paint an idealistic picture of the salons, where reasoned debate takes precedence and salons are egalitarian spheres of polite conversation. Today, however, this view is rarely considered an adequate analysis of the salon.

The period in which salons were dominant has been labeled the 'age of conversation'. The topics of conversation within the salons - that is, what was and was not 'polite' to talk about - are thus vital when trying to determine the form of the salons. There is no universal agreement among historians as to what was and was not appropriate conversation. Marcel Proust 'insisted that politics was scrupulously avoided'. Others suggested that little other than government was ever discussed. The disagreements that surround the content of discussion partly explain why the salon's relationship with the public sphere is so heavily contested.

The Salon and the 'public sphere'

Recent historiography of the salons has been dominated by Jürgen Habermas' work, The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere (triggered largely by its translation into French, in 1978, and then English, in 1989), which argued that the salons were of great historical importance.  Theatres of conversation and exchange – such as the salons, and the coffeehouses in England – played a critical role in the emergence of what Habermas termed the ‘public sphere’, which emerged in ‘cultural-political contrast’ to court society.  Thus, while women retained a dominant role in the historiography of the salons, the salons received increasing amounts of study, much of it in direct response to, or heavily influenced by Habermas’ theory.

The dominance of Habermas’ work in salon historiography has come under criticism from some quarters, with Pekacz singling out Dena Goodman's Republic of Letters for particular criticism because it was written with ‘the explicit intention of supporting [Habermas’] thesis’, rather than verifying it.  The theory itself, meanwhile, has been criticised for a fatal misunderstanding of the nature of salons.  The main criticism of Habermas’ interpretation of the salons, however, is that the salons were not part of an oppositional public sphere, and were instead an extension of court society.

This criticism stems largely from Norbert Elias’ The History of Manners, Book 1 of The Civilizing Process 1939, in which Elias contends that the dominant concepts of the salons – politesse, civilité and honnête – were ‘used almost as synonyms, by which the courtly people wished to designate, in a broad or narrow sense, the quality of their own behaviour’.  Joan Landes agrees, stating that, ‘to some extent, the salon was merely an extension of the institutionalised court’ and that rather than being part of the public sphere, salons were in fact in conflict with it.  Erica Harth concurs, pointing to the fact that the state ‘appropriated the informal academy and not the salon’ due to the academies’ ‘tradition of dissent’ – something that lacked in the salon.  But Landes’ view of the salons as a whole is independent of both Elias’ and Habermas’ school of thought, insofar that she views the salons as a ‘unique institution’, that cannot be adequately described as part of the public sphere, or court society. Others, such as Steven Kale, compromise by declaring that the public and private spheres overlapped in the salons. Antoine Lilti ascribes to a similar viewpoint, describing the salons as simply ‘institutions within Parisian high society’.

The most prominent defence of salons as part of the public sphere comes from Dena Goodman's The Republic of Letters, which claims that the ‘public sphere was structured by the salon, the press and other institutions of sociability’.  Goodman's work is also credited with further emphasising the importance of the salon in terms of French history, the Republic of Letters and the Enlightenment as a whole, and has dominated the historiography of the salons since its publication in 1994.

Women in the Salon

When dealing with the salons, historians have traditionally focused upon the role of women within them.  Works in the nineteenth and much of the twentieth century often focused on the scandals and ‘petty intrigues’ of the salons.  Other works from this period focused on the more positive aspects of women in the salon.  Indeed, according to Jolanta T. Pekacz, the fact women dominated history of the salons meant that study of the salons was often left to amateurs, while men concentrated on 'more important' (and masculine) areas of the Enlightenment.

A Woman who hosted a salon would be known as the Hostess, and would be responsible for when the salon would take place, who was invited, the schedule of events, and which philosophes would have their ideas highlighted that evening.

Philosophes, who were integral to the Enlightenment becoming as widespread as it did, relied on Salonnières to give them an audience with people who held political influence to share their ideas. Salonnieres also played governess roles during political debate between Philosophes and more traditional thinkers, often keeping conversation from erupting into argument when there were disagreements.

Historians tended to focus on individual Salonnières, creating almost a 'great-woman' version of history that ran parallel to the Whiggish, male dominated history identified by Herbert Butterfield. Even in 1970, works were still being produced that concentrated only on individual stories, without analysing the effects of the Salonnières' unique position. The integral role that women played within salons, as salonnières, began to receive greater - and more serious - study in latter parts of the twentieth century, with the emergence of a distinctly feminist historiography. The salons, according to Caroyln Lougee, were distinguished by 'the very visible identification of women with salons', and the fact that they played a positive public role in French society. General texts on the Enlightenment, such as Daniel Roche's France in the Enlightenment tend to agree that women were dominant within the salons, but that their influence did not extend far outside of such venues.

It was, however, Goodman's The Republic of Letters that ignited a real debate surrounding the role of women within the salons and – so Goodman contends – the Enlightenment as a whole.  According to Goodman: ‘The salonnières were not social climbers but intelligent, self-educated, and educating women who adopted and implemented the values of the Enlightenment Republic of Letters and used them to reshape the salon to their own social intellectual, and educational needs’.  While few historians doubt that women played an important, significant role in the salons, Goodman is often criticised for her narrow use of sources. Very recent historiography has tended to moderate Goodman's thesis, arguing that while women did play a significant role in the salons they facilitated - rather than created, as Goodman argues - the ideas and debates generally associated with the Enlightenment.

Prominent Salonnières
Madame du Deffand was an upper class French woman, who held weekly salons in Paris. Known for her intelligence and cynicism, Deffand became friends with Enlightenment writer Voltaire, with whom she kept regular contact with throughout her life. Her salons were some of the most popular in Paris, and drew a multitude of Parisian noble people and Enlightenment thinkers; some prominent attendees included Charles de Montesquieu, Bernard Bovier de Fontenelle, and Marguerite de Launay, baronne de Staal.

Madame Roland was a Salonniere, writer, and revolutionary. Roland moved to Paris in 1791 with her husband Jean-Marie Roland de la Platière, and soon thereafter joined the political group known as the Girondins. Roland ultimately would become a leader of this moderate Republican group. She began holding salons in her home multiple times per week. Rolands Salons were an important meeting place for many politicians of the time and her husband, Jean-Marie, became secretary of the interior in 1792, expanding her political influence. Records say Roland never actively participated in the conversations held during her salons, she instead sat in the corner of the room, doing some other task such as writing or needlework, but listened carefully to the debates happening around her. Her advocacy happened primarily behind closed doors via letters and private conversations. Despite her active participation in the Revolution, Roland was not an advocate for women's political rights like some other Salonnieres, it is recorded she believed women should have very moderate public and political lives, and held fairly traditional views of modesty.

Sophie de Condorcet, the wife of the Marquis de Condorcet, ran a salon at the Hôtel des Monnaies in Paris, opposite the Louvre. Her salons were attended by several prominent philosophes and, at various times, Anne-Robert Turgot, Thomas Jefferson, the Scottish economist Adam Smith, Olympe de Gouges and Madame de Staël. Unlike Madame Roland, a fellow member of Girondins, Condorcet was a feminist and openly supported equal political and legal rights for women.

Opposition
Enlightenment ideals sparked the conversation on women's rights, but not all republicans were fans of this.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau, an Enlightenment philosopher highly praised among historians for his pieces on government and inequality and known for his proposal of the ‘Social Contract’, was opposed to Salonnières and the involvement of women in political debate. Rousseau believed women were intellectually inferior to men and would taint any scientific and philosophical discussion.

Antoine-Leonard Thomas was a distinguished member of a French Academy, but opposed women's involvement in the revolution. He agreed with Rousseau, and published Essay on the character, nature of morals and spirit of women where he stated it was engraved in nature that women were inferior to men in most ways.

References

Bibliography

Craveri, Benedetta, The Age of Conversation (New York: New York Review Books, 2005)
Elias, Norbert, (Trans. Edmund Jephcott), The Civilising Process: The History of Manners, Vol. 1 (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1978)
Goodman, Dena, The Republic of Letters: A Cultural History of the French Enlightenment (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994)
Kale, Steven, French Salons: High Society and Political Sociability from the Old Regime to the Revolution of 1848 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006)
Habermas, Jürgen, (trans. Thomas Burger), The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society (Camb., Mass.: MIT Press, 1989)
Harth, Erica, Cartesian Women: Versions and Subversions of Rational Discourse in the Old Regime (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1992).
Huddleston, Sisley, Bohemian, Literary and Social Life in Paris: Salons, Cafes, Studios (London: George G. Harrap, 1928)
Kavanagh, Julia, Women in France during the Enlightenment Century, 2 Vols (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1893)
Landes, Joan B., Women and the Public Sphere in the Age of the French Revolution (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1988);
Latour, Anny (Trans. A. A. Dent), Uncrowned Queens: Reines Sans Couronne (London: J. M. Dent, 1970)
Lougee, Carolyn C., Le Paradis des Femmes: Women, Salons and Social Stratification in Seventeenth Century France (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976)
Lilti, Antoine, ‘Sociabilité et mondanité: Les hommes de lettres dans les salons parisiens au XVIIIe siècle’ French Historical Studies, Vol. 28, No. 3 (Summer 2005), p. 415-445
Pekacz, Jolanta T., Conservative Tradition In Pre-Revolutionary France: Parisian Salon Women (New York: Peter Lang, 1999)
Roche, Daniel, (Trans Arthur Goldhammr), France in the Enlightenment, (Cambridge, Mass.: HUP, 1998)
Tallentyre, S. G., Women of the Salons (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1926) and

Culture of France


The Club de Tenis Puente Romano is a tennis venue situated in Marbella, Spain. The facility was opened in 1979 as part of a hotel, Hotel Puente Romano, and was initially managed by Björn Borg.

The club was the host of the annual WTA Tour stop, the Andalucia Tennis Experience, between 2009 and 2011. It has also been the venue for Davis Cup matches in 1989 and 2018. It hosted the Marbella Challenger competition in 2018 and 2019.

The tennis club is within the grounds of Hotel Puente Romano, which was first built as an apartment complex in 1974, and converted to a hotel in 1979.

References

Tennis clubs in Spain
Sports venues in Andalusia


The 1963 Liberty Bowl was a college football bowl game played at Philadelphia Stadium in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on December 21, 1963. The fifth edition of the Liberty Bowl was played between the Mississippi State Bulldogs and the North Carolina State Wolfpack before a crowd of 8,309 fans in brutally cold weather. Coach Paul E. Davis led Mississippi State to victory, but the significant dropoff in attendance from prior games led organizers to relocate the 1964 edition of the bowl to the Atlantic City Convention Hall (now known as Boardwalk Hall) in Atlantic City, New Jersey, as the first college bowl game ever played indoors.

Teams
Led by head coach Paul E. Davis, Mississippi State came into the game with a 6–2–2 record, having lost to both Memphis and Alabama, while defeating bowl-bound teams from Auburn and LSU and tying Ole Miss. The Bulldogs were ranked 11th in the Coaches Poll, and were favored to win the game by the Associated Press. The NC State Wolfpack entered the game with a record of 8–2, under head coach Earle Edwards.

Game summary
The game was played at 1:00 PM Eastern Standard Time and was broadcast by NBC. The two teams from the South played in bitter cold weather, with a temperature of  at the kickoff, dropping to  by the end of the game. There was also a very strong wind which amplified the effect of the low temperatures, making it nearly unbearable. 8,309 fans were in attendance, 8,000 fewer than the lowest previous attendance at a Liberty Bowl and a marked drop off from the 100,000 who attended the Army–Navy Game two weeks earlier in the 102,000-capacity stadium.

Mississippi State's Bill McGuire blocked a punt by North Carolina State's Dave Houtz, which was recovered by the Bulldogs' Tommy Inman at the 11-yard line and returned for a touchdown to give Mississippi State a 7-0 lead six minutes into the first quarter. NC State was forced to punt on their next possession from their own 15-yard line, with Mississippi State taking over on the NC State 47-yard-line. On the eighth play of the drive, quarterback Sonny Fisher scored on a wide left-end roll out from the 3-yard-line to give the Bulldogs a 13–0 lead after the extra point attempt failed. Mississippi State took possession on the NC State 49-yard-line after another short punt and Justin Canale kicked a 43-yard field goal at the start of the second quarter that just cleared the crossbar, giving the Bulldogs a 16–0 lead, and the last points the team would score in the game. North Carolina State scored on a quarterback sneak by Jim Rossi in the second period, but with the two-point conversion failing, the Wolfpack trailed 13–6 at halftime. In the fourth quarter, the final score of the game came on a four-yard pass from Rossi to Ray Barlow; The score was 16–12 after the two-point conversion failed again. NC State attempted an onside kick which went to the Bulldogs after the Wolfpack was called for touching the ball before it had traveled ten yards, and Mississippi State was able to hold on to the margin of victory.

The Bulldogs' Hoyle Granger, who later played professionally for the Houston Oilers, led all players with 94 yards rushing. Ode Burrell of Mississippi State, who was drafted by the Green Bay Packers but also played for the Oilers in the American Football League, rushed for 69 yards and was voted the game's most valuable player. The Wolfpack's Rossi was 5 for 12 on passing and gained 67 yards on the ground, earning recognition as the game's outstanding back.

Aftermath
The Liberty Bowl was played for its initial five editions outdoors in Philadelphia Stadium, often in temperatures below freezing. The inaugural Liberty Bowl in 1959 saw Penn State beat Alabama by a score of 7–0 in front of 38,000 fans. But it was downhill from there, and fewer than 10,000 were in attendance to watch the 1963 edition, with the organizers taking a loss of $40,000. The frigid temperatures at year-end in the Northeast led to the game being called the "Deep Freeze Bowl". Bud Dudley, organizer of the Liberty Bowl, was ready for a change and he was receptive to an offer from a group of Atlantic City businessmen who were trying to help revive the fading Jersey Shore resort that included a $25,000 guarantee.

The 1964 edition, between West Virginia and Utah, was the first major bowl game ever played indoors, with a comfortable temperature of . The 1964 Liberty Bowl would be the last edition played in the Northeastern United States, as the bowl was moved to Memphis, Tennessee, for the 1965 edition, and has remained there since.

References

Liberty Bowl
Liberty Bowl
Mississippi State Bulldogs football bowl games
NC State Wolfpack football bowl games
December 1963 sports events in the United States
1963 in sports in Pennsylvania


St. Francis Xavier Church, including ones named Cathedral, and variations may refer to:

Australia
 St Francis Xavier's Cathedral, Adelaide, South Australia
 St Francis Xavier's Cathedral, Geraldton, Western Australia
 St Francis Xavier Church, Goodna,

China
 Chapel of St. Francis Xavier, Macau
 St. Francis Xavier Church (Shanghai)

France
 Saint-François-Xavier, Paris

Germany
 St Francis Xavier Church, Dresden, Dresden, Saxony

India
 St. Francis Xavier Church, Mangalore, Karnataka
 St. Francis Xavier's Church, Pizhala, Kerala
 St. Francis Xavier's Church, Sampaloor, Kerala
 St. Xavier's Church, Peyad, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
 St. Francis Xavier's Church, Giriz, Vasai, Maharashtra
 St. Francis Xavier Church, Kethanahalli, Dharamapuri, Tamil Nadu
 St. Francis Xavier Church, Kovilur, Dharamapuri, Tamil Nadu

Ireland
 Saint Francis Xavier Church, Dublin

Lithuania
 Church of St. Francis Xavier, Kaunas

Malaysia
 Church of St. Francis Xavier, Malacca City, Malacca
 St. Francis Xavier's Church, Petaling Jaya, Selangor
 St. Francis Xavier's Church, Georgetown, Penang

Netherlands
 St Francis Xavier Church, Enkhuizen

Oman
 St. Francis Xavier Church, Salalah

Pakistan
St Francis Xavier Church, Sargodha

Singapore
 Church of Saint Francis Xavier, Singapore

Slovakia
St. Francis Xavier Cathedral (Bystrica, Slovakia)

Thailand
St. Francis Xavier Church, Bangkok, Thailand

United Kingdom
 St Francis Xavier Church, Hereford, England
 St Francis Xavier Church, Liverpool, England
 St Joseph and St Francis Xavier Church, Richmond, England
 St. Francis Xavier Roman Catholic Church, Falkirk, Scotland
 St David Lewis and St Francis Xavier Church, Usk, in the North Gwent Deanery, Wales

United States
(by state then city)

Saint Francis Xavier Roman Catholic Church (Mobile, Alabama), listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)
Mission San Xavier del Bac, Tucson, Arizona, listed on the NRHP
Basilica of St. Francis Xavier, Dyersville, Dyersville, Iowa, listed on the NRHP
St. Francis Xavier Cathedral (Alexandria, Louisiana), listed on the NRHP
St. Francis Xavier Church (Baltimore, Maryland)
St. Francis Xavier Church and Newtown Manor House Historic District, Compton, Maryland, listed on the NRHP

St. Francis Xavier Church (Warwick, Maryland), listed on the NRHP in Maryland
Church of St. Francis Xavier (Benson, Minnesota), listed on the NRHP in Swift County, Minnesota

 Church of St. Francis Xavier (Grand Marais, Minnesota)
Church of St. Francis Xavier-Catholic (Grand Marais, Minnesota), Grand Marais, MN, listed on the NRHP in Minnesota
St. Francis Xavier Convent, Vicksburg, Mississippi, listed on the NRHP in Warren County
 St. Francis Xavier College Church, St. Louis, Missouri
 St. Francis Xavier Catholic Church and Rectory, Taos, Missouri
St. Francis Xavier Church (Missoula, Montana), listed on the NRHP in Montana
St. Francis Xavier Church (Manhattan), New York
St. Francis Xavier Church (Brooklyn), located in Park Slope, Brooklyn, New York
St. Francis Xavier's Church (Bronx, New York)
St. Francis Xavier Roman Catholic Parish Complex in Buffalo, New York
St. Francis Xavier Church (Cincinnati, Ohio), listed on the NRHP in Ohio
St. Francis Xavier Roman Catholic Church (Cresson, Pennsylvania)
St. Francis Xavier Church (Winooski, Vermont), listed on the Vermont State Historic Register
St. Francis Xavier Church (Parkersburg, West Virginia), listed on the NRHP in West Virginia
 Cathedral of Saint Francis Xavier in Green Bay, Green Bay, Wisconsin

See also
Church of St. Francis Xavier-Catholic (disambiguation)
 St. Francis Xavier Cathedral (disambiguation)
St. Francis Xavier (disambiguation)


Danny Lendich (born 1944) is an Auckland-based businessperson who owns an earthmoving and hauling company. Lendich is best known for opening the first Wendy's franchise in New Zealand. He is also a midget car racing car owner.

Early life
Lendich was born in 1944 to Croatian parents who had emigrated to New Zealand in the period leading up to World War II and farmed an apple and pear orchard. When he was 12 years old, Lendich—who had been using his family's tractor to work for local farmers—persuaded his father to purchase a bulldozer so that he could start his own contracting business. He attended Henderson High School in Auckland.

Business ventures

Lendich's first business venture was an earthmoving and hauling company, Lendich Construction, which he started in the 1960s after working for neighbouring farmers. In 1997, the business was cited for improper use of the property where its depot was located as a result of noise complaints from neighbors; the Environment Court of New Zealand ruled in favor of Lendich in 1999.

Lendich and his wife, Dianne, opened the first Wendy's franchise in New Zealand in 1988; they became Wendy's franchisors after they encountered the restaurant during trips to midget car races in the United States. In 1993, Lendich hired Dave Vousden, known as "Kiwi Dave", to star in Wendy's commercials in New Zealand. Lendich and his family eventually opened and operated 22 Wendy's locations in New Zealand through a corporation, Wendco NZ; his daughter, Danielle, took over as CEO of the corporation in 1999. In 2022, Wendy's NZ announced its sale. Lendich and his family have also operated petrol stations and they own properties in Auckland.

Midget car racing

Lendich has owned midget cars through his racing team, D.L. Motorsports. He has sponsored several drivers who have collectively won hundreds of races, including Sleepy Tripp, Graham Standring, Craig Baird, Sammy Swindell, Jerry Coons Jr. and Alex Bright. Lendich has said that his interest in midget car racing stems from the engineering aspects, and that he works on the cars that he owns.

References

1944 births
Living people
Midget car racing
Wendy's International
New Zealand people of Croatian descent
Businesspeople from Auckland


Metaproteomics (also Community Proteomics, Environmental Proteomics, or Community Proteogenomics) is an umbrella term for experimental approaches to study all proteins in microbial communities and microbiomes from environmental sources. Metaproteomics is used to classify experiments that deal with all proteins identified and quantified from complex microbial communities. Metaproteomics approaches are comparable to gene-centric environmental genomics, or metagenomics.

Origin of the term

The term "metaproteomics" was proposed by Francisco Rodríguez-Valera to describe the genes and/or proteins most abundantly expressed in environmental samples. The term was derived from "metagenome". Wilmes and Bond proposed the term "metaproteomics" for the large-scale characterization of the entire protein complement of environmental microbiota at a given point in time. At the same time, the terms "microbial community proteomics" and "microbial community proteogenomics" are sometimes used interchangeably for different types of experiments and results.

Questions Addressed by Metaproteomics
Metaproteomics allows for scientists to better understand organisms' gene functions, as genes in DNA are transcribed to mRNA which is then translated to protein. Gene expression changes can therefore be monitored through this method. Furthermore, proteins represent cellular activity and structure, so using metaproteomics in research can lead to functional information at the molecular level. Metaproteomics can also be used as a tool to assess the composition of a microbial community in terms of biomass contributions of individual members species in the community and can thus complement approaches that assess community composition based on gene copy counts such as 16S rRNA gene amplicon or metagenome sequencing.

Proteomics of microbial communities

The first proteomics experiment was conducted with the invention of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE). The 1980s and 1990s saw the development of mass spectrometry and mass spectrometry based proteomics. The current proteomics of microbial community makes use of both gel-based (one-dimensional and two-dimensional) and non-gel liquid chromatography based separation, where both rely on mass spectrometry based peptide identification.

While proteomics is largely a discovery-based approach that is followed by other molecular or analytical techniques to provide a full picture of the subject system, it is not limited to simple cataloging of proteins present in a sample. With the combined capabilities of "top-down" and "bottom-up" approaches, proteomics can pursue inquiries ranging from quantitation of gene expression between growth conditions (whether nutritional, spatial, temporal, or chemical) to protein structural information.

A metaproteomics study of the human oral microbiome found 50 bacterial genera using shotgun proteomics. The results agreed with the Human Microbiome Project, a metagenomic based approach.

Similarly, metaproteomics approaches have been used in larger clinical studies linking the bacterial proteome with human health.  A recent paper used shotgun proteomics to characterize the vaginal microbiome, identifying 188 unique bacterial species in 688 women profiled.  This study linked vaginal microbiome groups to the efficacy of topical antiretroviral drugs to prevent HIV acquisition in women, which was attributed to bacterial metabolism of the drug in vivo.  In addition, metaproteomic approaches have been used to study other aspects of the vaginal microbiome, including the immunological and inflammatory consequences of vaginal microbial dysbiosis, as well as the influence of hormonal contraceptives on the vaginal microbiome.

Metaproteomics and the Human Intestinal Microbiome
Aside from the oral and vaginal microbiomes, several intestinal microbiome studies have used metaproteomic approaches. A 2020 study done by Long et al. has shown, using metaproteomic approaches, that colorectal cancer pathogenesis may be due to changes in the intestinal microbiome. Several proteins examined in this study were associated with iron intake and transport as well as oxidative stress, as high intestinal iron content and oxidative stress are indicative of colorectal cancer.

Another study done in 2017 by Xiong et al. used metaproteomics along with metagenomics in analyzing gut microbiome changes during human development. Xiong et al. found that the infant gut microbiome may be initially populated with facultative anaerobes like Enterococcus and Klebsiella, and then later populated by obligate anaerobes like Clostridium, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides. While the human gut microbiome shifted over time, microbial metabolic functions remained consistent, including carbohydrate, amino acid and nucleotide metabolism.

A similar study done in 2017 by Maier et al. combined metaproteomics with metagenomics and metabolomics to show the effects of resistant starch on the human intestinal microbiome. After subjects consumed diets high in resistant starch, it was discovered that several microbial proteins were altered such as butyrate kinase, enoyl coenzyme A (enoyl-CoA) hydratase, phosphotransacetylase, adenylosuccinate synthase, adenine phosphoribosyltransferases, and guanine phosphoribosyltransferases. The human subjects experienced increases in colipase, pancreatic triglyceride lipase, bile salt-stimulated lipase abundance while also experiencing a decrease in α-amylase.

Overall, metaproteomics has gained immense popularity in human intestinal microbiome studies as it has led to important discoveries in the health field.

Metaproteomics in Environmental Microbiome Studies
Metaproteomics has been especially useful in the identification of microbes involved in various biodegradation processes. A 2017 study done by Jia et al. has shown the application of metaproteomics in examining protein expression profiles of biofuel-producing microorganisms. According to this study, bacterial and archaeal proteins are involved in producing hydrogen and methane-derived biofuels. Bacterial proteins involved are ferredoxin-NADP reductase, acetate kinase, and NADH-quinone oxidoreductase found in the Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes taxa. These particular proteins are involved in carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. The archaeal proteins involved are acetyl-CoA decarboxylase and methyl-coenzyme M reductase found in Methanosarcina. These proteins participate in biochemical pathways involving acetic acid utilization,  reduction, and methyl nutrient usage.

The first quantification method for metaproteomics was reported by Laloo et al. 2018 on an engineered biological reactor enriched for ammonia and nitrite oxidising bacteria. Here the authors used a robust SWATH-MS quantification method ( protein requirement 5μg) for studying the change in expression levels of protein to a perturbed condition. The study noted that the changes in protein expression of the dominant species i.e. ammonia oxidising bacteria were clearly observed but this was not so for the  nitrite oxidising bacteria which was found in low abundance.

A 2019 study by Li et al. has demonstrated the use of metaproteomics in observing protein expression of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) degradation genes. The authors of this study specifically focused on identifying the degradable microbial communities in activated sludge during wastewater treatment, as PAHs are highly prevalent wastewater pollutants. They showed that Burkholderiales bacteria are heavily involved in PAH degradation, and that the bacterial proteins are involved in DNA replication, fatty acid and glucose metabolism, stress response, protein synthesis, and aromatic hydrocarbon metabolism.

A similar study done in 2020 by Zhang et al. involved metaproteomic profiling of azo dye-degrading microorganisms. As azo dyes are hazardous industrial pollutants, metaproteomics was used to observe the overall biodegradation mechanism. Pseudomonas Burkholderia, Enterobacter, Lactococcus and Clostridium strains were identified using metagenomic shotgun sequencing, and many bacterial proteins were found to show degradative activity. These proteins identified using metaproteomics include those involved in the TCA cycle, glycolysis, and aldehyde dehydrogenation. Identification of these proteins therefore led the scientists into proposing potential azo dye degradation pathways in Pseudomonas and Burkholderia.

All in all, metaproteomics is applicable not only to human health studies, but also to environmental studies involving potentially harmful contaminants.

See also
Metatranscriptomics

References

Biological techniques and tools
Environmental microbiology


Panama is governed under the Constitution of Panama of 1972 as amended in 1978, 1983, 1993, 1994, and 2004. This is Panama's fourth constitution, previous constitutions having been adopted in 1904, 1941, and 1946. The differences among these constitutions have been matters of emphasis and have reflected the political circumstances existing at the time of their formulation.

Panama's successive constitutions have been respected to varying degrees by the republic's governments. Since the 1968 coup, opponents of various governments have accused them of violating the spirit and, at times, the letter of the constitution and of invoking the state of emergency provisions for purely political purposes. The creation of public confidence in the rule of law established by the constitution posed one of the major challenges to the government in the late 1980s.

Earlier constitutions

1904 constitution
The 1904 constitution, in Article 136, gave the United States the right to "intervene in any part of Panama, to reestablish public peace and constitutional order." Reflecting provisions of the Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty, this confirmed Panama's status as a de facto protectorate of the United States. Article 136, along with other provisions of the Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty, such as that giving the United States the right to add additional territory to the Canal Zone whenever it believed this was necessary for defensive purposes, rankled Panamanian nationalists for more than three decades.

1941 and 1946 constitutions
In 1939 the United States abrogated its right of intervention in internal Panamanian affairs with the ratification of the Hull-Alfaro Treaty. The 1941 constitution, enacted during Arnulfo Arias's first, brief presidential term, not only ended Panama's constitutionally mandated protectorate status but also reflected the president's political views. Power was concentrated in the hands of the president, whose term, along with that of members of the legislature, was extended from four to six years. Citizenship requirements were added that discriminated against the nation's English-speaking black community and other non-Hispanic minorities.

In October 1941, President Arias was deposed by the National Police (the predecessor of the National Guard and the Panamanian Defense Forces), and the presidency was assumed by Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia Arango. In 1946, President de la Guardia promulgated a new constitution, which was basically a return to the 1904 document without the offensive Article 136.

1972 constitution
The 1946 constitution was in effect for 26 years. Following the 1968 military coup, 11 constitutional guarantees, including freedom of speech, press, and travel, were suspended for several months, and some were not fully restored until after the adoption of the 1972 constitution. The 1972 constitution was promulgated by General Torrijos and reflected the dominance of the political system by the general and the military.

Article 277 of the 1972 constitution designated Torrijos as the "Maximum Leader of the Panamanian Revolution", granting him extraordinary powers for a period of six years, including the power to appoint most government officials and to direct foreign relations. On October 11, 1978, this and other temporary provisions of the 1972 constitution expired, and a series of amendments, ratified by the Torrijos-controlled National Assembly of Municipal Representatives, became law. These amendments called for a gradual return to democratic political processes between 1978 and 1984 and were designed, in part, to assuage US concerns over the undemocratic nature of the Panamanian political system.

1983 amendments
In 1983 a commission representing various political parties was created to further amend the constitution in preparation for the 1984 elections. The 16-member commission changed nearly half of the constitution's articles, producing several significant alterations. Article 2 had given the military a special political role, but the revised draft omitted all mention of this. The legislature was also revamped.

The National Legislative Council was eliminated, and the unwieldy, government-controlled National Assembly of Municipal Representatives—which had 505 representatives, one from each corregimiento (municipal subdistrict)—became the Legislative Assembly, with 67 members apportioned on the basis of population and directly elected. The independence of the judiciary and the Electoral Tribunal were strengthened, the term of the president was reduced to five years, and two vice presidents were to be elected. Guarantees of civil liberties were strengthened, and official support for candidates in elections was, at least in theory, severely restricted.

Constitution
Power emanates from the people and is exercised by the three branches of government, each of which is "limited and separate", but all of which, in theory, work together in "harmonious collaboration." The national territory is defined as "the land area, the territorial sea, the submarine continental shelf, the subsoil, and air space between Costa Rica and Colombia." Any ceding, leasing, or other alienation of this territory to any other state is expressly forbidden. Spanish is the country's national language.

The amended constitution contains 328 articles, grouped into 1 preamble and 15 titles as follows:

 Preamble
 Title I  The Panamanian State (article 1-7)
 Title II  Nationality and Immigration (article 8-16)
 Title III  Individual and Social Rights and Duties (article 17-130)
 Title IV  Political Rights (article 131-145)
 Title V  The Legislative Organ (article 146-174)
 Title VI  The Executive Body (article 175-200)
 Title VII  The Administration of Justice (article 201-224)
 Title VIII Municipal and Provincial Regimes (article  225-256)
 Title IX  The Public Treasury (article 257-281)
 Title X  The National Economy (article 282-298)
 Title XI  The Public Servants (article 299-309)
 Title XII  Public Force (article 310-312)
 Title XIII  Reform of the Constitution (article 313-314)
 Title XIV  The Panama Canal (article 315-323)
 Title XV  Final and Transitory Provisions (article 324-328)

References

Law of Panama
Panama


Vladimir Igoryevich Verbitsky (; born 1943) is a Soviet and Australian conductor.

He was born in Leningrad.  He studied piano and conducting at the St. Petersburg Conservatory. He has been chief conductor of the Voronezh Philharmonic Orchestra since 1972, and conducts other Russian orchestras.  From 1982 to 1984 he was the chief conductor of the Slovak Philharmonic. He has recorded widely.

Russian President Vladimir Putin has decorated Verbitsky with the award of People's Artist of Russia.

Verbitsky became an Australian citizen on 6 June 2009.

Sources
 Saint-Petersburg Academic Philharmonic
 Maxima
 Jonathan Wentworth Associated Ltd.

References

Living people
1943 births
Naturalised citizens of Australia
Australian conductors (music)
People's Artists of Russia
Musicians from Perth, Western Australia
Russian emigrants to Australia
21st-century Russian conductors (music)
Russian male conductors (music)
21st-century Russian male musicians


The FAI Cup 1936–37 was the sixteenth awarding of Ireland's premier cup competition prize, The Football Association of Ireland Challenge Cup or FAI Cup. The tournament began on 9 January 1937 and concluded on 18 April with the final held at Dalymount Park, Dublin. An official attendance of 24,000 people watched Waterford, captained by Tom Arrigan, claim their first FAI Cup title by defeating St James's Gate.

First round

Second round

Semi-finals

Final

Notes
A.  From 1923-1936, the FAI Cup was known as the Free State Cup.

B.  Attendances were calculated using gate receipts which limited their accuracy as a large proportion of people, particularly children, attended football matches in Ireland throughout the 20th century for free by a number of means.

C.  Fixture abandoned after 55 minutes due to bad weather. Re-Fixture played on 10 February.

References
General

External links
FAI Website

1936-37
FAI Cup
FAI Cup


Daniel William Descalso (born October 19, 1986) is an American former professional baseball infielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the St. Louis Cardinals, Colorado Rockies, Arizona Diamondbacks and Chicago Cubs.

Early life
Italian-American Descalso was born in Redwood City, California, on October 19, 1986, to Marylou and George Descalso. He is the oldest of six children.  He played baseball in San Carlos Little League and went to Saint Francis High School in Mountain View, California. He pitched as the team's number 1 starter for three straight seasons, and played 2nd base. He made the All-Central Coast Section squads twice, including first team as a senior, second team as a junior. He made the West Catholic Athletic League first teams in each of last two seasons, including  WCAL MVP distinction in 2004.  He also played football, winning first-team All-WCAL, second-team All-CCS and honorable mention All-Metro as a senior. He scored three touchdowns against their crosstown rivals during 2003 Homecoming game.  He graduated in 2004.

Descalso went on to UC Davis, where he played third base and majored in economics.  In 2007, Descalso was named to the NCAA All-Independent First Team.  He put up some of the best stats ever at UC Davis, with a .397 lifetime batting average and 92 career hits.  His 22 doubles rank second all-time in school history.  Following his junior year, he was selected by the St. Louis Cardinals in the 3rd round (112th overall) of the 2007 amateur entry draft. He was selected in the highest draft position ever for an Aggie player.

He is  and 190 pounds.

Professional career

St. Louis Cardinals

2007 and 2008 seasons
Following the draft, Descalso began his professional career with the Batavia Muckdogs, the Short-Season A affiliate of the Cardinals in the New York–Penn League. He played 69 games for the Muckdogs in 2007, splitting time between third base and second base.

In 2008, Descalso began with the Palm Beach Cardinals, the High-A affiliate of the Cardinals in the Florida State League.  He played 115 games in Jupiter, where he batted .243 and played shortstop, 2nd base, and 3rd base.  In August 2008, he was advanced to the Springfield Cardinals, the Double-A affiliate in Missouri.  He played in just 9 games, but hit .351.

2009 season
In 2009 with Springfield, Descalso had eight home runs and 51 runs batted in with 288 at-bats over 73 games, all at second base. His line was an impressive .323/.396/.531.  At the end of the 2009 season, he was named to the Double-A Texas League post-season all star team.  However, he did not play in that game, instead was promoted to Triple-A Memphis in early July when Jarrett Hoffpauir was recalled by the Cardinals.  After the call up, Descalso played most games at 2nd base, with 9 at 1st base.

Descalso was also named the 2009 Springfield Cardinals Player of the Year.  He missed final two weeks of 2009 season to play for the gold medal winning team USA in the 2009 Baseball World Cup in Italy.

2010 season
The Cardinals invited Descalso to the 2010 spring camp, where he batted .500 with nine runs batted in during 14 games.  Through the first two months of the 2010 season, he exclusively played second base.

On September 18, Descalso's contract was purchased by the Cardinals and he was promoted to the major leagues. He officially made his major league debut on September 18, 2010, at home against the San Diego Padres when he was announced as a pinch hitter (although he did not bat and was replaced by right-handed batter Nick Stavinoha).  His first game as a starter was on September 22, 2010, against the Pirates at their park, where he garnered his first hit and first run batted in with a two-run double. It was at third base, rather than his usual second base position.  Nonetheless, his first MLB career fielding attempt was the front end of a 6–4–3 double play (Descalso-Schumaker–Pujols). He finished the year solidly, and remained on the 40-man roster.

2011 season

Because of his late season performance, Descalso started the 2011 spring training with a legitimate chance to make the Cardinals. However, the Cards had a number of capable infielders fighting for roster spots, including David Freese, Tyler Greene, Double-A prospect Matt Carpenter, and off-season acquisitions Ryan Theriot and Nick Punto. The difficulties were in determining a position and securing a spot. An injury to Punto and questions about Freese's durability left the Cards desperate for an extra utility infielder rather than an outfielder. Ultimately, Descalso secured a roster spot out of training camp.

Descalso hit his first major league home run on May 3 in St. Louis in the 7th inning.  The three-run blast was a game winner that vaulted the Cardinals to a come-from-behind 7–5 win against the Florida Marlins.  In a July 7 game against the Cincinnati Reds, he stroked four hits with two runs batted in.

Following the 2011 season, Descalso was a finalist for the Rawlings Gold Glove Award at third base for the National League, although the honor was later awarded to Plácido Polanco of the Philadelphia Phillies.

2012–2014

After playing regularly at second base during the 2012 season, Descalso played an integral role in the postseason.  In Game 5 of the 2012 National League Division Series, where the Cardinals came back from a 6-run deficit to defeat the Washington Nationals 9–7, Descalso homered, doubled, and then hit a two-run single to tie the game.

On May 21, 2013, Decalso hit his first career grand slam and tallied a career-high five runs batted in as the Cardinals beat the San Diego Padres 10–2 at Petco Park.  Prior to the game, Descalso was batting just .197 with one home run.  For his 2013 season statistics, Descalso batted .238 with five home runs and 42 runs batted in.  He continued his versatility in the infield by making starts at second base, third base, and shortstop.

Descalso filed for a $1.65 million contract request following the season.  The Cardinals and Descalso avoided arbitration and agreed to a one-year, $1.29 million contract on January 30, 2014.  Descalso made his major league pitching debut against the Chicago Cubs in the top of the ninth inning with two outs on May 12, 2014.  He threw two pitches, recording one out and allowing no hits.  With a chance for increased playing time during interleague play against the Baltimore Orioles, he collected five hits in 10 at bats over an August 8–10 series.

Within the three consecutive days and four consecutive games, August 30 through September 1, 2014, Descalso became the first Cardinal player in history to start a game at each of the four infield positions as follows; Saturday August 30, vs. Chicago Cubs (game 1) 2B, Saturday August 30, vs. Chicago Cubs (game 2) SS, Sunday August 31, vs. Chicago Cubs 1B, Monday, September 1, vs. Pittsburgh Pirates, 3B.

Colorado Rockies
Descalso signed a two-year deal with the Colorado Rockies on December 16, 2014. The deal totaled $3.6 million with the opportunity for another $1 million in performance bonuses. Descalso appeared in 101 games in 2015, hitting a career worst .205 with five home runs and 22 runs batted in. Descalso began the 2016 season on the disabled list with a broken hand suffered in spring training. In 2016, Descalso appeared in 99 games, bouncing back offensively by hitting .264 with a career-high 8 home runs and 38 runs batted in. Descalso served as a veteran presence on the Rockies, while also filling an important utility role, receiving time at six different positions over the course of his two seasons at Colorado.

Arizona Diamondbacks
On February 7, 2017, Descalso signed a one-year, $1.5 million deal with the Arizona Diamondbacks with an option for 2018, and entered a heated competition for a bench spot on Opening Day. On April 30, 2017 Descalso hit a two-run home run for his first walk off against the Colorado Rockies.  Descalso ended the season with a slash line of .233/.332/.395 while setting career highs with ten home runs and 51 runs batted in.

The Diamondbacks picked up Descalso's option and he returned to the team in 2018. On May 4, 2018, Descalso pitched the top of the ninth inning after the pitcher was removed with one out. On 7 pitches (6 for strikes) Descalso retired the last two Astros hitters.

Chicago Cubs
On December 18, 2018, Descalso signed a two-year contract worth $5 million with the Chicago Cubs. The Cubs have a $3.5 million option in 2021 with a $1 million buyout. After 25 games into the 2019 season, Descalso was a solid second base presence and often was the lead-off batter in games. He had 19 hits in 71 at bats with 10 base on balls, 10 runs batted in and a batting average of .268. It did not continue past the first 25 games though. He cooled off and finished the year with a .173 average and did not start in a game after June 30. Descalso was shut down to begin the 2020 season with a left ankle sprain and ended up missing the entire season due to the injury.

Minnesota Twins
On May 13, 2021, Descalso signed a minor league contract with the Minnesota Twins organization and was assigned to the Triple-A St. Paul Saints. On June 22, Descalso opted out of his minor league contract with Minnesota and became a free agent. In 24 games with the Saints, Descalso limped to an .093/.244/.200 batting line with 2 home runs and 4 RBI.

Post-playing career
On February 16, 2023, Descalso joined the Arizona Diamondbacks as a baseball operations assistant.

Personal life
Descalso is married to Julia with whom he has two sons and a daughter. In December 2021, a baseball fan and memorabilia collector named John Silva realized a baseball of unknown origin in his collection was the ball from Descalso's very first major league hit and he returned the ball to Descalso.

References

External links

 scout.com interview

1986 births
Living people
American people of Italian descent
Arizona Diamondbacks players
Baseball players from San Mateo County, California
Batavia Muckdogs players
Chicago Cubs players
Colorado Rockies players
Major League Baseball infielders
Major League Baseball left fielders
Memphis Redbirds players
Palm Beach Cardinals players
Springfield Cardinals players
Surprise Rafters players
St. Louis Cardinals players
St. Paul Saints players
UC Davis Aggies baseball players
2017 World Baseball Classic players
Wisconsin Woodchucks players
Saint Francis High School (Mountain View, California) alumni
Sportspeople from Redwood City, California


Admiral Sir James Andrew Thomas Bruce, KCMG (15 July 1846 – 25 May 1921) was an officer in the Royal Navy, who was second in command of the British fleet on the China Station during the Boxer Rebellion.

Background
Bruce was born on 15 July 1846, the son of Rt. Hon. Sir Sir Henry Hervey Bruce, 3rd Baronet and Marianne Margaret Clifton.

Naval career
He served in the Niger Campaign in 1871.

During the Boxer Rebellion, Rear-Admiral Bruce  was second in command of British fleet on the China Station.  His flagship was the battleship Barfleur, and his flag captain was George Warrender. Barfleur took part in Allied operations in north China in 1899 and 1900, and between 31 May 1900 and September 1900 supported the storming of the Peking forts and the relief of the foreign legations at Tientsin.

The British fleet during the Boxer rebellion
The British fleet on the China Station in March 1901 was commanded by Vice-Admiral Sir Edward H. Seymour, G.C.B. in the Centurion, with Rear-Admiral Sir James A.T. Bruce, K.C.M.G. second in command, and consisted of:
Battleships: Barfleur, Centurion,  Glory, Goliath, Ocean.
1st Class cruisers: Argonaut, Aurora, Blenheim, Endymion, Orlando ,  Terrible, Undaunted **.
2nd Class cruisers: Arethusa ‡, Astraea ‡, Bonaventure, Dido ‡, Hermione, lsis ‡, Pique.
3rd Class cruisers: Alacrity, Wallaroo ‡.
Destroyers: Fame, Hart, Otter, Whiting.
Sloops: Algerine, Daphne, Phoenix, Rosario.
Gunvessel: Linnet.
Gunboats: Bramble, Brisk, Britomart, Esk , Lizard ‡, Pigmy, Plover, Redpole.
Storeship: Humber.
Receiving ship Hong Kong: Tamar (flagship of the Commodore in charge at Hong Kong, Commodore Francis Powell, C.B)
River steamers: Robin, Sandpiper, Snipe, Woodcock, Woodlark.
** Ordered home.
‡ Temporarily attached to China Station.

Bruce was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of St. Michael and St. George (KCMG) in 1900 for his services in China.

Barfleur ended her China Station service in November 1901, departing Hong Kong on 11 November 1901 and arriving at Plymouth on 31 December 1901. She paid off at Devonport on 22 January 1902, and Sir James Bruce was received in audience by King Edward VII a week later.

Later life

He died aged 74, on 25 May 1921.

Family
He married Catherine Mary Philippa Wodehouse, daughter of Colonel Edwin Wodehouse and Catherine Street, on 27 June 1877. There were no children from this marriage. He had an illegitimate daughter, Olive Christian, by Susan Christian in 1874. Olive Christian married Algernon Samuel Wigmore of Cobham and Stoke D'Abernon, Surrey, in 1898. She died, aged 52, on 21 November 1926. Olive Christian Wigmore is interred in the Churchyard of Stoke D'Abernon.

References

1846 births
1921 deaths
Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
Royal Navy personnel of the Boxer Rebellion
Royal Navy admirals


Stumptown Kid is a children's novel by Carol Gorman and Ron J. Findley, first published in 2005 by Peachtree.

Synopsis

In a small Iowa town in 1952, eleven-year-old Charlie Nebraska, whose father died in the Korean War, learns the meanings of both racism and heroism when he befriends a black man who had played baseball in the Negro leagues.

Main characters

Charlie Nebraska: An eleven-year-old boy whose dad died in the Korean war. He likes to play baseball but doesn't make the community team, the Wildcats.

Will Draft: Charlie's best friend. Will plays baseball for the Wildcats.

Brad Lobo: Also plays for the Wildcats. He is a bully and hates Charlie.

Luther Peale: Charlie's friend and dad. Former player in the Negro leagues but hurt his arm after pitching the ball that killed Ruckus Brody's Brother.

Reception
John Peters, for The Booklist called the book "competent, if unexceptional", remarking all characters fall nicely on good and bad stereotypes, which might be attractive for young readers.

In her review, Sharron McElmeel gives high praise for how Stumptown Kid authors tackled the subject of racism in a small community, as well as for having elements of action and mystery. McElmeel also says that the book "brings many opportunities to stimulate readers' curiosity and engage the reader in history." The presence of "[t]hemes of honesty, loyalty, and heroism" were also pointed out by Gerry Larson in his review for the School Library Journal. Larson also calls the story "powerful" and "fastpaced", concluding by saying: "Readers will enjoy this winning mix of sports, suspense, and heroism".

Awards and accolades

 2005-2006 Pennsylvania Young Adult Top Forty List
 Kansas State Reading Circle 2005 Recommended Reading List. Listed in the Kansas National Education Association "Reading Circle Catalog.

References

External links
 Stumptown Kid on Peachtree

2005 American novels
American children's novels
Baseball novels
Novels set in Iowa
Fiction set in 1952
Novels about racism
2005 children's books
Children's books about racism
Children's books set in Iowa
Children's books about baseball
Children's books set in the 1950s
Novels set in the 1950s


Matthew Driscoll () is an American college basketball coach who is currently head coach of the University of North Florida Ospreys. Before coming to UNF, Driscoll spent twelve years as an assistant at Baylor University, Valparaiso University, Clemson University and the University of Wyoming. In a May 2008 Fox Sports survey of his peers, Driscoll was rated as one of the top 10 assistants in the country.

Career
A native of Pittsburgh, Driscoll is a 1992 graduate of Slippery Rock University. From 1993 to 1997, he was the head coach at LaRoche College in Pittsburgh. He is a board member of the National Association of Basketball Coaches (NABC) and a former president. His first stint as a Division I assistant was the 1997–98 season under Larry Shyatt for the Wyoming Cowboys, which resulted in a trip to the NIT. He then followed Shyatt as an assistant for the Clemson Tigers from 1998 to 2003. While at Clemson, Driscoll help lead the Tigers to the 1999 NIT finals and three wins over the North Carolina Tar Heels, including one when the Heels were ranked number 1 in the country.

In 2003, Driscoll spent seven weeks with Scott Drew at Valparaiso University before Drew accepted a job with the Baylor Bears, and Driscoll followed. At Baylor, Driscoll's primary responsibilities included on-court development, scouting, recruiting, and administrative duties. In his six years there, Driscoll helped revive the program from tragedy and NCAA sanctions. Baylor went from struggling under NCAA sanctions for his first several years, to making the NCAA tournament for the first time in twenty years in 2008. In 2009, Baylor lost in the Big 12 Tournament finals to Missouri, and won four games in the NIT before losing to Penn State at Madison Square Garden in the NIT finals. After one of the toughest rebuilding projects in college basketball history, Baylor finished with 21 wins in 2007–08 with wins over Notre Dame, South Carolina and Texas A&M, and 24 wins in 2008–09 with wins over defending national champion Kansas, Texas and Georgetown.

In 2009 Driscoll was hired as head coach of the North Florida Ospreys, succeeding Matt Kilcullen. He is the team's first coach since the University of North Florida completed its transition into NCAA Division I sports. In the 2010–11 he led the Ospreys to their first appearance in the ASUN Conference playoffs, in their second season of tournament eligibility. They upset Jacksonville University and East Tennessee State University to advance to the championship game, but were defeated 87–46 by Belmont University.

During the 2011–12 season, Driscoll coached the team to a school record 16 wins in a season, and first-ever season sweep of cross-town rival Jacksonville University.

In the 2014–15 season, Driscoll coached the team to a new school record of 23 wins. He also guided the school to the first ever A-Sun regular season championship and was named Atlantic Sun Coach of the Year. The team then won the 2015 ASUN Conference tournament and earned their first ever bid to the NCAA tournament.  After the season, he agreed to a 4-year contract extension to remain the team's head coach through 2022.

The Ospreys' success continued in the 2015–16 season, winning the Conference regular season championship again.  Driscoll and his staff were named Atlantic Sun Coaching Staff of the Year for the second year in a row.

Driscoll and his wife, Carrie, have two sons.

Head coaching record

College

References

External links
Andy Katz: Matthew Driscoll is up to the task as the men's head basketball coach at North Florida - ESPN
Pittsburgh native Driscoll aims to beat Robert Morris in NCAA tournament - Pittsburgh Post-Gazette

1964 births
Living people
American men's basketball coaches
American men's basketball players
Basketball coaches from Pennsylvania
Basketball players from Pittsburgh
Baylor Bears men's basketball coaches
Clemson Tigers men's basketball coaches
College men's basketball head coaches in the United States
High school basketball coaches in the United States
Junior college men's basketball players in the United States
North Florida Ospreys men's basketball coaches
Slippery Rock men's basketball coaches
Sportspeople from Pittsburgh
Valparaiso Beacons men's basketball coaches
Wyoming Cowboys basketball coaches


Adam Sultanovich Delimkhanov (; born 25 September 1969) is a Russian politician who has been a member of the State Duma since 2007. He is a member of the ruling United Russia party. He is the head of the Chechen branch of Rosgvardia. Conflicting reports have emerged regarding Delimkhanov's fate, suggesting that he may have died during the Ukraine conflict.

Delimkhanov is an ally of Chechen leader Ramzan Kadyrov.

Biography
Adam Delimkhanov was born on 25 September 1969 in Benoy, in the Chechen-Ingush ASSR of the Soviet Union. From 1987 to 1989, he was conscripted into the Soviet Armed Forces. In 1994, he graduated from Chechen State University in Grozny and was employed as ironworker, supplier, and used car trader. During the First Chechen War, he was the personal driver of Chechen military commander Salman Raduyev. Shortly after Raduyev's arrest on 12 March 2000, Delimkhanov found employment in the security service of pro-Russian Chechen leader Akhmad Kadyrov.

A close associate and cousin of Chechen leader Ramzan Kadyrov, Delimkhanov headed the police division that protected Chechen oil facilities from 2003 to 2006. He was appointed deputy prime minister overseeing security forces in 2006. The next year he was elected to the Russian State Duma on a Vladimir Putin-led United Russia party ticket.

A Chechen exile, Umar Israilov, murdered in Vienna in January 2009, had accused Delimkhanov of beating him in Kadyrov's presence. Delimkhanov declined requests for comment on the allegation. In April 2009, the Dubai police blamed Delimkhanov for having ordered the assassination of the former Chechen warlord and Russian military commander Sulim Yamadayev. Delimkhanov denied the accusation, saying it was a provocation directed to destabilize Chechnya and that he is preparing to sue Dubai police for libel.

As of April 2009, Delimkhanov—along with six other Russian citizens—is wanted by Dubai, one of the emirates of the UAE, in connection with the murder of Sulim Yamadayev, via Interpol.

In 2020, BBC News reported on Delimkhanov in relation to the murder of Imran Aliev.

On 1 February 2022, Delimkhanov shared a video on Instagram threatening human rights lawyer  Abubakar Yangulbaev and his family with death. "We will pursue you until we cut off your heads and kill you," he said in the video that was denounced by Amnesty International. In January, Yangulbaev's mother was abducted by Kadyrov's forces.

According to Kadyrov, Delimkhanov participated in the Siege of Mariupol during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine as commander of the Chechen forces in the engagement. On the 26th of April 2022, it was announced by Kadyrov that Delimkhanov has received the Hero of the Russian Federation honorary award by decree of the President, Vladimir Putin. He was awarded the title the same day.

On 28 September, Delimkhanov was also awarded the title Hero of the Luhansk People's Republic.

On 1 June, Delimkhanov criticised Yevgeny Prigozhin saying: "If you don't understand, then you can contact us and tell us the place and the time, we will explain to you what you don't understand. You have become a blogger who screams and shouts off to the whole world about all the problems, Stop shouting, yelling and screaming."

On 14 June 2023 Adam Delimkhanov was reported to be "missing" in the occupied Zaporizhzhia Oblast. Russian sources claimed he had been wounded, while Ukrainian sources reported that he had been killed by an artillery strike in Prymorsk. Kadyrov later claimed said Delimkhanov was alive and "not even wounded", and that Delimkhanov's alleged disappearance was a hoax designed to troll Ukrainian media. However Delimkhanov hasn't been seen in public since and all the above disputes are based on undated videos posted on social media.

Personal life

Sanctions
In July 2014, the U.S. Treasury Department imposed sanctions on Delimkhanov. These sanctions include freezing of assets in the United States and a ban on commercial transactions.

In July 2022, the European Union imposed sanctions on Delimkhanov in relation to the Russian invasion of Ukraine during his participation in the Siege of Mariupol. Sanctioned by Canada under the Special Economic Measures Act (S.C. 1992, c. 17) in relation to the Russian invasion of Ukraine for Grave Breach of International Peace and Security.

Wealth
In the ranking of 500 Russian billionaires compiled by Finans. magazine in early 2011, Adam Delimkhanov took 314th place. His capital was estimated at 300 million dollars or 9.1 billion rubles. According to official figures for 2011, Delimkhanov received an income of 1.9 million rubles, and his wife 187,000 rubles.

References

External links
Interpol: Wanted: Adam Delimkhanov

1969 births
Chechen politicians
Deputy prime ministers of Chechnya
Fugitives wanted on murder charges
Living people
Russian people of Chechen descent
United Russia politicians
21st-century Russian politicians
Fifth convocation members of the State Duma (Russian Federation)
Sixth convocation members of the State Duma (Russian Federation)
Seventh convocation members of the State Duma (Russian Federation)
Eighth convocation members of the State Duma (Russian Federation)
Russian individuals subject to the U.S. Department of the Treasury sanctions
Heroes of the Russian Federation
Recipients of the Order of Courage (Russia)


The Sierra Sands Unified School District is located in the Indian Wells Valley of California. It was established in 1960. It serves all of Indian Wells Valley, including the cities of Ridgecrest, Inyokern, China Lake, Johannesburg and Kernville.  The District serves an estimated 50,000 residents. Sierra Sands has six elementary schools, two middle schools and two high schools.

List of schools

Courtesy of www.ssusd.org - original
North County School later became Sherman E Burroughs High School in 1944.  It moved to a new site in 1960 where the building became Murray Middle School (now closed).  The first schools were Faller and Pierce Elementary, and Monroe Middle.

Adult School
 Sierra Vista Educational Center
 1327 N. Norma, Rm. 143
 Ridgecrest, CA 93555
Burroughs High School
 500 French Ave.
 Ridgecrest, CA 93555
Mesquite High School
 140 Drummond Ave.
 Ridgecrest, CA 93555
James Monroe Middle School
 340 W Church Ave.
 Ridgecrest, CA 93555
Murray Middle School
 200 Drummond Ave.
 Ridgecrest, CA 93555
Faller Elementary School
 1500 Upjohn Ave.
 Ridgecrest, CA 93555
Gateway Elementary School (special studies)
 501 S. Gateway Blvd.
 Ridgecrest, CA 93555
Inyokern Elementary School
 6601 Locust Ave.
 Inyokern, CA
Las Flores Elementary School
 720 Las Flores Ave.
 Ridgecrest, CA 93555
Pierce Elementary School
 674 N. Gold Canyon St.
 Ridgecrest, CA 93555
Rand Elementary School
 P.O. Box 157 (Coeur d' Alene Ave. & Elmo St.)
 Johannesburg, CA 93528-0157
Richmond Elementary School
 1206 Kearsarge Ave.
 Ridgecrest, CA 93555

Closed schools: Vieweg Elementary (in mid 2010s) - replaced by Las Flores.

See also
List of school districts in California

References

External links
Sierra Sands Unified School District
Burroughs High School
List of schools

School districts in Kern County, California
Ridgecrest, California
1960 establishments in California
School districts established in 1960


John McLure Hamilton (January 31, 1853–September 9, 1936) was an Anglo-American artist. He was born in Philadelphia  and began his art education at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, under Thomas Eakins. Later he travelled to Europe and continued his education at the Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris and at the Royal Academy in Belgium. Hamilton was  noted for portraits, figure paintings and illustrations. While maintaining a permanent address in Philadelphia, he lived in England for fifty-eight years where he was official portrait painter to William Ewart Gladstone, prime minister of the United Kingdom.

In addition to Gladstone, Hamilton painted portraits of many English notables including Cardinal Manning, George Meredith and Richard Vaux. He was the author of a book, Men I Have Painted. In the book he writes of himself thus,

As I grow older the advantage of having been born an American of British and French blood becomes daily more ideal. I now know that I have escaped the insulating influences and the national prejudices of all three countries, and have retained only their qualities — mainly good.

In a review of the book, which reveals insights into some famous personalities of the time, the New York Times wrote, "... his chats about his sitters are delightfully without pretense ... if his portrait turns out a bad one, he mentions it".

The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography said of the book,

For Philadelphians who have known J. McLure Hamilton as a fellow townsman — even if a somewhat cosmopolitan one who dissembles his love for his native city by very rarely remaining in it for any length of time, much to the regret of his numerous friends — the dictum of Mary Drew, one of the Gladstone family, that 'it is doubtful if there is one individuality more unusual or more interesting than that of the writer himself' will be accepted as final and quite a summing up of his gossipy new book 'Men I Have Painted,' with 48 portraits. ... But, a book which deals with Bismarck, Asquith, Balfour, Manning, Tyndall, Spencer, General Booth, G. F. Watts and George Meredith, selecting a few of the more world-famous names cannot be but fascinating especially in these days of the craze for personality in biography. Here is indeed revealed the man and his manner and his method and the character of a great period in modern life as is set out by human beings who find in this singularly human being, Hamilton, the painter, a true interpreter of manners and of men."

Hamilton was a member of  the American Federation of Arts, the Philadelphia Water Color Club, the Pastel Society, the Royal Society of Portrait Painters  and the Senefelder Club, London. His portraits are found in the following galleries; Luxembourg Museum, Paris, (which is devoted to artists foreign to France), the National Portrait Gallery, London and the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, which awarded him its Gold Medal of Honor in 1918.

Gallery
More images available at Commons.

External links

References

  Richard J. Alperin (1993), Art's Anglo-American Paper Lion: John McLure Hamilton's Untold Story, published by Junius,

19th-century American painters
American male painters
20th-century American painters
American illustrators
1853 births
1936 deaths
American portrait painters
American expatriates in the United Kingdom
Royal Academy of Fine Arts (Antwerp) alumni
Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts alumni
American alumni of the École des Beaux-Arts
Students of Thomas Eakins
19th-century American male artists
20th-century American male artists


Get in Touch with Yourself is the third studio album by the British pop group Swing Out Sister. The album was released on Fontana Records in 1992 and was produced by Paul Staveley O'Duffy.

Lineup and musical style
For the recording of Get in Touch with Yourself, Swing Out Sister was composed primarily of original members Corinne Drewery on lead vocals and Andy Connell on keyboards. Both collaborated with producer O'Duffy on musical arrangements for the album. This was the first Swing Out Sister studio album to which original member Martin Jackson did not contribute, as he left the band during the recording of the Kaleidoscope World album in 1989. Luís Jardim provided percussion to many of the tracks on this album in Jackson's absence, and additional horn players and orchestration were incorporated into the production as well.

Get in Touch with Yourself combines elements of various genres of pop music, while also including touches of more vintage styles such as lounge music. Other musical genres embraced by the group on this album include smooth jazz, soul and dance. Lead singer Drewery was quoted as saying that she typically enjoyed music with more of a retro feel: "I find it difficult to form opinions about a lot of modern music because my head's buried in the past. A lot of my favourite records seem to have been picked up in the discount rack at Woolworth's. I'll be quite happy if our records end up in the Woollies bargain bin in 10 years time."

Charts
In the UK, Get in Touch with Yourself was released in June 1992, and it peaked at No. 27 on the UK Albums Chart. In the US, the album's release was delayed until September 1992, and there it rose to No. 113 on the Billboard 200 album chart.

The first single taken from Get in Touch with Yourself was a cover version of the 1960s song "Am I the Same Girl", which had first been recorded by the American soul singer Barbara Acklin, then later by British singer Dusty Springfield. Swing Out Sister's version of the song reached No. 21 on the UK Singles Chart and No. 45 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart. In addition, this song became the group's second chart-topper on the US adult contemporary chart, following "Breakout" from 1987. The single was a hit in Japan as well, where the band had begun to achieve a great deal of acclaim for their music.

The follow-up to "Am I the Same Girl" was "Notgonnachange", which reached No. 49 in the UK and No. 22 on the US adult contemporary chart. This song was subsequently remixed by Frankie Knuckles, and the dance mix of "Notgonnachange" peaked at No. 21 on the US Hot Dance Club Play chart during the summer of 1992.

Reviews

Spin magazine recommended the album in its June 1992 issue, saying that "Drewery is as vibrant, perky, and comfortable in her area of expertise as ever. Swing Out Sister remain as sweet and silly as they always were." Reflex magazine reacted by saying that "Swing Out Sister rank near the top of the UK's cosmo-jazzy-pop firmament...[they're] excellent in their chosen field."

Track listing
CD & Cassette Version
"Get in Touch with Yourself" - 5:08  (Andy Connell, Corinne Drewery, Paul Staveley O'Duffy)
"Am I the Same Girl?" - 4:07  (Eugene Record, Sonny Sanders)
"Incomplete Without You" - 4:42  (Connell, Drewery)
"Everyday Crime" - 5:03  (Connell, Drewery, O'Duffy)
"Circulate" - 4:58  (Connell, Drewery, O'Duffy)
"Who Let the Love Out?" - 4:40  (Connell, Drewery)
"Understand" - 5:16  (Connell, Drewery)
"Notgonnachange" - 4:56  (Connell, Drewery)
"Don't Say the Word" - 4:06  (Connell, Drewery)
"Love Child" - 4:57  (Connell, Drewery)
"I Can Hear You but I Can't See You" - 4:04  (Connell, Drewery)
"Everyday Crime" (Instrumental) - 5:02  (Connell, Drewery, O'Duffy)

CD track listing (from the US Version)
"Get in Touch with Yourself" - 5:08  (Andy Connell, Corinne Drewery, Paul Staveley O'Duffy)
"Notgonnachange" - 4:56  (Connell, Drewery)
"Am I the Same Girl?" - 4:07  (Eugene Record, Sonny Sanders)
"Everyday Crime" - 5:03  (Connell, Drewery, O'Duffy)
"Who Let the Love Out?" - 4:40  (Connell, Drewery)
"I Can Hear You but I Can't See You" (Instrumental) - 4:04  (Connell, Drewery)
"Understand" - 5:16  (Connell, Drewery)
"Circulate" - 4:58  (Connell, Drewery, O'Duffy)
"Love Child" - 4:57  (Connell, Drewery)
"Incomplete Without You" - 4:42  (Connell, Drewery)
"Don't Say the Word" - 4:06  (Connell, Drewery)
"Everyday Crime" (Instrumental) - 5:02  (Connell, Drewery, O'Duffy)

Personnel
Swing Out Sister
 Corinne Drewery – lead vocals (1-5, 7-10), musical arrangements
 Andy Connell – keyboards, musical arrangements, vocal shouts (7)

Musicians
 Paul Staveley O'Duffy – musical arrangements (1-10, 12)
 Simon Duffy – computer and rhythm programming
 Max Hochrad – additional programming (7)
 Tim Cansfield – guitars
 Derrick Johnson – vocal asides (2), bass guitar (4, 6), vocal shouts (7), wah-wah bass (11), percussion (11)
 Luís Jardim – percussion
 Chris Manis – percussion (11)
 Nigel Hitchcock – sax solo (1)
 Gary Barnacle – saxophones (2, 4, 6), flute (2, 4, 6)
 Snake Davis – saxophones (2, 4, 6), flute (2, 4, 6), flute solo, horn arrangements (2, 4, 6)
 Vince Sullivan – trombone (2, 4, 6)
 Noel Langley – trumpet (2, 4, 6), flugelhorn (2, 4, 6)
 John Thirkell – trumpet (2, 4, 6), flugelhorn (2, 4, 6), trumpet solo (7)
 Will Malone – orchestra arrangements and conductor (4, 8)
 Gavyn Wright – orchestra leader (4, 8)
 Erica Harrold – backing vocals (1-5, 7-10)
 Beverly Skeete – backing vocals (1-5, 7-10)
 Myke Wilson – vocal asides (2), vocal shouts (7)
 Gordon Ellington – vocal shouts (7)
 Rodney Masen – vocal shouts (7)

Production
 Paul Staveley O'Duffy – producer (1-10, 12), mixing (1-10, 12)
 Stuart James – producer (11)
 Swing Out Sister – producer (11)
 Lee Curle – recording engineer
 Heidi Cannavo – assistant engineer
 Ronan Jal – assistant engineer
 Richard Lowe – assistant engineer
 Rick Simpson – assistant engineer
 Ren Swan – mixing (11)
 Laurence Dunmore – art direction, design
 Enrique Badulescu – photography
 Morrison O'Donnell Limited – management

Studios
 Recorded at Swanyard Studios, Mayfair Studios and The Hit Factory (London, UK); Suite 16 Studios (Rochdale, UK).
 Mixed at Sarm West Studios (London, UK) and Suite 16 Studios.

Charts

References

1992 albums
Swing Out Sister albums
Fontana Records albums
Albums produced by Paul Staveley O'Duffy


Stephanie Burt (born 1971) is a literary critic and poet who is Donald P. and Katherine B. Loker Professor of English at Harvard University. The New York Times has called her "one of the most influential poetry critics of [her] generation". Burt grew up around Washington, D.C. She has published various collections of poetry and a large amount of literary criticism and research. Her work has appeared in The New Yorker, The New York Times Book Review, The London Review of Books, The Times Literary Supplement, The Believer, and The Boston Review.

Literary criticism: new categories of contemporary poetry

Elliptical poetry
Burt received significant attention for coining the term "elliptical poetry" in a 1998 book review of Susan Wheeler's book Smokes in Boston Review magazine: Elliptical poets try to manifest a person—who speaks the poem and reflects the poet—while using all the verbal gizmos developed over the last few decades to undermine the coherence of speaking selves. They are post-avant-gardist, or post-"postmodern": they have read (most of them) Stein's heirs, and the "language writers," and have chosen to do otherwise. Elliptical poems shift drastically between low (or slangy) and high (or naively "poetic") diction. Some are lists of phrases beginning "I am an X, I am a Y." Ellipticism's favorite established poets are Dickinson, Berryman, Ashbery, and/or Auden ... The poets tell almost-stories, or almost-obscured ones. They are sardonic, angered, defensively difficult, or desperate; they want to entertain as thoroughly as, but not to resemble, television.
Burt also adds that elliptical poets are "good at describing information overload". In addition to calling the subject of her review, Susan Wheeler, an important elliptical poet, she also lists Liam Rector's The Sorrow of Architecture (1984), Lucie Brock-Broido's The Master Letters (1995), Mark Ford's Landlocked (1992), and Mark Levine's debut, Debt (1993) as "some groundbreaking and definitively Elliptical books."

The New Thing
In 2009, she wrote "The New Things", an essay in which she posits a new category of American contemporary poets, which she calls "The New Thing". These poets derive their style from the likes of William Carlos Williams, Robert Creeley, Gertrude Stein and George Oppen: The poets of the New Thing observe scenes and people (not only, but also, themselves) with a self-subordinating concision, so much so that the term "minimalism" comes up in discussions of their work ... The poets of the New Thing eschew sarcasm and tread lightly with ironies, and when they seem hard to pin down, it is because they leave space for interpretations to fit ... The new poetry, the new thing, seeks, as Williams did, well-made, attentive, unornamented things. It is equally at home (as he was) in portraits and still lifes, in epigram and quoted speech; and it is at home (as he was not) in articulating sometimes harsh judgments, and in casting backward looks. The new poets pursue compression, compact description, humility, restricted diction, and—despite their frequent skepticism—fidelity to a material and social world. They follow Williams’s "demand," as the critic Douglas Mao put it, "both that poetry be faithful to the thing represented and that it be a thing in itself." They are so bound up with ideas of durable thinghood that we can name the tendency simply by capitalizing: the New Thing. . . Reference, brevity, self-restraint, attention outside the self, material objects as models, Williams and his heirs as predecessors, classical lyric and epigram as precedents: all these, together, constitute the New Thing.

Poets whom she cites as examples of "The New Thing" include Rae Armantrout, Michael O'Brien, Justin Marks, Elizabeth Treadwell, and Graham Foust.

Writings
In addition to her essays for the Boston Review, Burt has written for The New Yorker, The New York Times Book Review, Poetry Review, Slate, The Times Literary Supplement, the London Review of Books, and the Yale Review.

She has a particular interest in the work of the poet/critic Randall Jarrell, and Burt's book Randall Jarrell and His Age reevaluates Jarrell's importance as a poet. The book won the Warren-Brooks Award in 2002. In explaining her book's aim, Burt wrote, "Many readers know Jarrell as the author of several anthology poems (for example, "The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner"), a charming book or two for children, and a panoply of influential reviews. This book aims to illuminate a Jarrell more ambitious, more complex, and more important than that." In 2005, she also edited Randall Jarrell on W. H. Auden, a collection of Jarrell's critical essays.

In addition to writing about poets and poetry, Burt has published four books of her own poetry, Popular Music (1999), which won the Colorado Prize for Poetry, Parallel Play (2006), Belmont (2013) and Advice From The Lights (2017).

On occasion, she has been known to write for a popular audience on Slate and for The New Yorker, including an article about X-Men: Days of Future Past in the voice of Kitty Pryde.

Career
Burt earned an AB from Harvard University in 1994 and a PhD from Yale University in 2000 before joining the faculty at Macalester College from 2000 to 2007. Since 2007, she has worked at Harvard University, where she became a tenured professor in 2010. In 2023, she was named the Donald P. and Katherine B. Loker Professor of English.

In 2017, she transitioned to female. She has since been active in LGBTQA+ rights and awareness campaigns.

Bibliography

Poetry
Collections

List of poems

Literary criticism
 Randall Jarrell and His Age (Columbia University Press, 2002)
 Randall Jarrell on W.H. Auden (Columbia University Press, 2005)
 The Forms of Youth: Twentieth-Century Poetry and Adolescence (Columbia University Press, 2007)
 Close Calls with Nonsense: Reading New Poetry (Graywolf Press, 2009)
 The Art of the Sonnet.(2010) Harvard University Press ( co-authored with David Mikics)

 From There: Some Thoughts on Poetry & Place. (2016) Ronsdale Press
 The Poem Is You: 60 Contemporary American Poems and How to Read Them. (2016) Harvard University Press

References

External links

 Burt's personal website
 Burt's Boston Review essay introducing "Elliptical poetry"
 Burt's Boston Review essay on "The New Thing"
 Plunkett, Adam, "The Poetry World's Most Indiscriminate Fanboy", The New Republic, October 26, 2013

American literary critics
American women literary critics
The Believer (magazine) people
Harvard University alumni
The New Yorker people
Yale University alumni
Living people
Transgender women writers
American transgender writers
Transgender academics
Harvard University faculty
Macalester College faculty
1971 births


Solvothermal synthesis is a method of producing chemical compounds, in which a solvent containing reagents is put under high pressure and temperature in an autoclave. Many substances dissolve better in the same solvent in such conditions than at standard conditions, enabling reactions that would not otherwise occur and leading to new compounds or polymorphs. Solvothermal synthesis is very similar to the hydrothermal route; both are typically conducted in a stainless steel autoclave. The only difference being that the precursor solution is usually non-aqueous.

Solvothermal synthesis has been used prepare MOFs, titanium dioxide, and graphene, carbon spheres, chalcogenides and other materials.

Solvents
Besides water (hydrothermal synthesis), solvothermal syntheses make use of a large range of solvents, including ammonia, carbon dioxide, dimethylformamide, and various alcohols such as methanol, or glycols such as hexane-1,6-diol.

Formic acid as reaction medium
Formic acid decomposes at high temperatures to carbon dioxide and hydrogen or carbon monoxide and water. This property allows formic acid to be used as a reducing and carbon dioxide-rich reaction medium in which it is possible to form various oxides and carbonates.

Ammonia as reaction medium
The critical temperature and pressure of ammonia are 132.2°C and 111bar. In these conditions, it is possible to obtain a range of amides, imides, and nitrides. Although its dielectric constant is lower than that of water, ammonia behaves as a polar solvent especially at high pressures.

References

Chemical synthesis
Titanium compounds


Potomac School may refer to:

 Potomac School (Potomac, Montana), listed on the NRHP in Montana
 Potomac School (McLean, Virginia)

See also
 Potomac High School (disambiguation)


Clendinning Lake is a medium sized, very remote lake located in the Clendinning Range about 98.5 km northwest of Squamish.  It is the source of Clendinning Creek, a major tributary of the Elaho River.

Stature

Oddly enough, most of the lake isn't within Clendinning Provincial Park.  Only the very northernmost section (which includes the lake outlet) is within the park.  About 3.1 km long and 0.5 wide, the only thing that feeds the lake is the Clendinning Glacier, which is located at its far, southern end.  The lake outlet is located at the near, southern end.  Rising above its east shore is Frontline Mountain and situated on a ridge above the west shore of the lake is the Doolittle Glacier.

Access

Accessing the lake is very difficult, as it requires one to make a minimum 2-3 day trek up the Clendinning Creek Valley.  There is no trail and much of the trip requires bushwhacking.  Fording icy Clendinning Creek at least once would be an almost certainty, and it may also be needed to ford Wave Creek near its confluence with Clendinning Creek as well.

References

Lakes of British Columbia
Lillooet Land District


Aspen Hall is a historic plantation house located near Pittsboro, Chatham County, North Carolina. The original section was built in the 1790s, and took its present form between about 1830 and 1840. It is a two-story, weatherboarded gable roofed Federal style frame house, with a Greek Revival style facade.  It was built by Joseph John "Chatham Jack" Alston, who enslaved as many as 163 people and also built the nearby Alston-DeGraffenried Plantation.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

See Elias Hall for a description of who built this house.

References

Houses completed in 1840
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in North Carolina
Georgian architecture in North Carolina
Federal architecture in North Carolina
Greek Revival houses in North Carolina
Houses in Chatham County, North Carolina
Plantation houses in North Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Chatham County, North Carolina
Pittsboro, North Carolina