Daisuke Nakamura (, born June 10, 1980) is a Japanese professional wrestler, mixed martial artist and submission grappler,  currently working for Pro Wrestling Noah. He has fought for DREAM, Strikeforce, M-1 Global, ZST, Cage Rage, PRIDE, Vale Tudo Japan, DEEP, K-1 and Cage Force promotions. He is the former DEEP Lightweight Champion. Nakamura is also known for his incredible armbar variations, with most of his wins coming by armbar, and is famous for his tributes to the shoot-style circuit, often wearing the style's signature kneeboots and short-tights in his fights.

He has also competed in professional wrestling, working for the U-STYLE promotion led by his trainer Kiyoshi Tamura.

Mixed martial arts career

Early career
Nakamura had his debut fight in PRIDE Fighting Championship against veteran journeyman Shannon Ritch at PRIDE The Best Vol.2. He showed his skill by submitting Ritch with an inverted armbar. He spent his next years fighting in GCM and DEEP, where he challenged for the Welterweight Championship, losing an effortful match by TKO at the third round. He would later enjoy an 8-match winning streak.

Dynamite!!
At December 31, 2008, Nakamura was slated to fight at the Dynamite!! event against Hideo Tokoro. This was a notable matchup because both Tokoro and Nakamura both sported similar fighting styles, were trained by former RINGS wrestlers and were seen by Japanese pundits as the heirs of the shoot-style circuit. The match was an exciting and fast-paced grappling contest, with Nakamura trying a flying kimura into an armbar immediately after Tokoro tried to take him down, and then Tokoro captured his back and performed a takedown similar to a German suplex. Daisuke kept trying for an armbar, and they rolled through the mat several times until Tokoro could attempt his own armbar. The bout stalled for several minutes, but it broke out again when Hideo rolled for a leglock. Nakamura, however, capitalized to transition the move into an armbar, making Tokoro finally tap out.

DEEP
He captured the DEEP Lightweight Championship against Yasuaki Kishimoto and defended it before Pancrase veteran Takafumi Ito, but he lost it to fellow Pancrase exponent Satoru Kitaoka.

Four years departed from his previous fight, Nakamura returned to face Tatsunao Nagakura at DEEP: 97 Impact. He won the fight via second-round knockout.

Nakamura then faced the reigning featherweight champion Juntaro Ushiku in a non-title bout at DEEP 100 on February 21, 2021. He won the fight via second-round knockout.

Nakamura then challenged Ushiku for the DEEP Featherweight Championship in a rematch at DEEP 102 on July 4, 2021. He lost the fight via split decision.

Nakamura faced Suguru Nii at Rizin 31 - Yokohama on October 24, 2021. He won the bout via his signature flying armbar in the first round.

Nakamura faced Michihiro Omigawa at DEEP 106 on February 26, 2022. He won the fight via armbar in the third.

Nakamura faced Sora Yamamoto at Rizin 34 on March 20, 2022. He lost the fight by split decision.

Nakamura faced Yuta Sato at Deep 108 Impact on July 10, 2022. He won the bout by unanimous decision.

Nakamura faced Kouya Kanda at Deep 110 Impact on November 12, 2022. He lost the bout by unanimous decision.

Nakamura faced Tatsuhiko Iwamoto on December 18, 2022 at DEEP Osaka Impact 2022 4th Round, winning the bout via reverse heel hook in the second round.

Nakamura faced Min Woo Kim at Black Combat 5: Song of the Sword on February 4, 2023. He was choked out in the third round via rear-naked choke.

Professional grappling career

Nakamura was scheduled to compete at Quintet 4 on September 10, 2023 where he would represent Team Sakuraba. Nakamura drew his only match and his team went out in the opening round.

Championships
DEEP
DEEP Lightweight Championship (One time; former)
One successful title defense

Mixed martial arts record

|-
|Loss
|align=center| 34–23–1
|Min Woo Kim
|Technical Submission (rear-naked choke)
|Black Combat 5
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|3:49
|Incheon, South Korea
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|34–22–1
|Tatsuhiko Iwamoto
|Submission (reverse heel hook)
|DEEP Osaka Impact 2022 4th Round
|
|align=center|2
|align=center|2:50
|Fukushima, Japan
|
|-
|Loss
|align=center| 33–22–1
|Kouya Kanda
|Decision (unanimous)
|DEEP 110 Impact
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
|Win
|align=center| 33–21–1
|Yuta Sato
|Decision (unanimous)
|DEEP 108 Impact
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 32–21–1
| Sora Yamamoto
| Decision (split)
| Rizin 34
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Osaka, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 32–20–1
| Michihiro Omigawa
| Submission (armbar)
| DEEP 106 Impact
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 0:51
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 31–20–1
|Suguru Nii
|Submission (flying armbar)
|Rizin 31
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|2:16
|Yokohama, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center|
| Juntaro Ushiku
| Decision (split)
| DEEP: 102 Impact
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 30–19–1
| Juntaro Ushiku
| KO (knee)
| DEEP 100 Impact - 20th Anniversary
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 0:26
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 29–19–1
| Tatsunao Nagakura
| KO (punch)
| DEEP: 97 Impact
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 0:16
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 28–19–1
| Tsogookhuu Amarsanaa
| KO (punch)
| MGL-1 Fighting Championship: MGL-1 vs. Deep
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 1:50
| Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 28–18–1
| Yuki Kawana
| TKO (punches)
| Vale Tudo Japan: VTJ 7th
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 2:26
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 28–17–1
| Yuki Okano
| Decision (unanimous)
| DEEP: 72 Impact
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 28–16–1
| Eiji Ishikawa
| Decision (unanimous)
| Tribe Tokyo Fight: TTF Challenge 04
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 28–15–1
| Yoichi Fukumoto
| TKO (punches)
| DEEP: 70 Impact
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 0:11
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Draw
| align=center| 27–15-1
| Shinji Sasaki
| Draw (split)
| DEEP: 69 Impact
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 27–15
| Mizuto Hirota
| Decision (unanimous)
| DEEP: 66 Impact
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 27–14
| Satoru Kitaoka
| Decision (unanimous)
| DEEP: 62 Impact
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
| Lost the DEEP Lightweight Championship.
|-
| Win
| align=center| 27–13
| Takafumi Ito
| TKO (flying knee and punches)
| DEEP: 60 Impact
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 0:35
| Tokyo, Japan
| Defended the DEEP Lightweight Championship.
|-
| Win
| align=center| 26–13
| Yasuaki Kishimoto
| Decision (unanimous)
| DEEP: 58 Impact
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
| Won the DEEP Lightweight Championship.
|-
| Win
| align=center| 25–13
| Akihiro Gono
| Decision (unanimous)
| DEEP: 57 Impact
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 24–13
| Chang Hyun-Kim
| Submission (armbar)
| Deep: Cage Impact 2011 in Tokyo, 1st Round
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 3:19
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 23–13
| Katsunori Kikuno
| Decision (unanimous)
| DREAM: Fight for Japan!
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Saitama, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 23–12
| Toshikazu Iseno
| Submission (flying armbar)
| DEEP: 51 Impact
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 1:54
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 22–12
| Jai Bradney
| Submission (armbar)
| Nitro MMA 1
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 3:40
| Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 21–12
| Ganjo Tentsuku
| Decision (unanimous)
| ASTRA
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 20–12
| Justin Wilcox
| Decision (unanimous)
| Strikeforce: Evolution
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| San Jose, California, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 20–11
| Naoyuki Kotani
| Submission (leg scissor choke)
| ZST.22
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:37
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 20–10
| Ferrid Kheder
| Decision (unanimous)
| M-1 Global: Breakthrough
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Kansas City, Missouri, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 19–10
| Mitsuhiro Ishida
| Decision (unanimous)
| DREAM.7
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Saitama, Saitama, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 19–9
| Hideo Tokoro
| Submission (armbar)
| Fields Dynamite!! 2008
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 2:23
| Saitama, Saitama, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 18–9
| Carlos Valeri
| Submission (flying armbar)
| M-1 Challenge 8: USA
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:26
| Kansas City, Missouri, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 17–9
| Wim Deputter
| Decision (unanimous)
| M-1 Challenge 6: Korea
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Seoul, South Korea
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 16–9
| Andy Ologun
| Submission (flying armbar)
| DREAM 5: Lightweight Grand Prix 2008 Final Round
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 3:41
| Osaka, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 15–9
| Bogdan Cristea
| Decision (unanimous)
| M-1 Challenge 5: Japan
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 14–9
| Jung Bu-Kyung
| KO (punch)
| DREAM 3: Lightweight Grand Prix 2008 Second Round
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 1:05
| Saitama, Saitama, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 13–9
| Yuri Ivlev
| Decision (majority)
| M-1 Challenge 2: Russia
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Saint Petersburg, Russia
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 12–9
| A Sol Kwon
| Submission (armbar)
| HERO'S 2007 in Korea
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 3:09
| Seoul, South Korea
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 11–9
| Vítor Ribeiro
| Technical Submission (kimura)
| Cage Rage 19
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 3:55
| London, England
| For the Cage Rage Lightweight Championship.
|-
| Win
| align=center| 11–8
| Seichi Ikemoto
| Submission (armbar)
| PRIDE Bushido 12
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 3:36
| Aichi Prefecture, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 10–8
| Michael Johnson
| Submission (kimura)
| Cage Rage 16
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 2:54
| London, England
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 9–8
| Hirohide Fujinuma
| Submission (armbar)
| DEEP: 23 Impact
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:52
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 8–8
| Hidehiko Hasegawa
| Decision (unanimous)
| DEEP: 22 Impact
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Yokohama, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 8–7
| Marcus Aurélio
| Decision (unanimous)
| PRIDE Bushido 6
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Yokohama, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 8–6
| Jutaro Nakao
| TKO (punches)
| DEEP: 16th Impact
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 3:16
| Tokyo, Japan
| For the DEEP Welterweight Championship.
|-
| Win
| align=center| 8–5
| Yuji Hoshino
| KO (punch)
| DEEP: 16th Impact
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:33
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 7–5
| Tetsuya Onose
| TKO (punches)
| DEEP: 15th Impact
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:50
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 6–5
| Keita Nakamura
| Decision (unanimous)
| GCM: Demolition 040408
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 6–4
| Hikaru Sato
| Decision (unanimous)
| GCM: Demolition 040118
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 6–3
| Kazuhiro Hanada
| Submission (armbar)
| GCM: Demolition 030923
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:21
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 5–3
| Yutaro Miyamoto
| TKO (knees to the body)
| GCM: Demolition 030629
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 0:38
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 4–3
| Hidehiko Hasegawa
| Decision (unanimous)
| GCM: Demolition 030323
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 4–2
| Sen Nakadai
| Submission (flying armbar)
| Cage Force
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 2:54
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 3–2
| Nobuhiro Tsurumaki
| Submission (armbar)
| GCM: Demolition 030126
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 2:06
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 2–2
| Dai Moriyama
| Decision (unanimous)
| DEEP: 7th Impact
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 2–1
| Hitoyo Kimura
| Submission (armbar)
| DEEP: 7th Impact
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 0:50
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 1–1
| Yuji Hisamatsu
| Decision (unanimous)
| Cage Force
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 1–0
| Shannon Ritch
| Submission (reverse armbar)
| PRIDE The Best Vol.2
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:28
| Tokyo, Japan
|

Submission grappling record

|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Result
| style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Opponent
| style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Method
| style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Event
| style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Date
| style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Round
| style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Time
| style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Notes
|-
|Win|| Yukinari Tamura || Draw || Quintet Fight Night 4 || November 30, 2019 || 1 || N/A ||
|-
|Win|| Yutaka Saito || Submission (kneebar) || Quintet Fight Night 4 || November 30, 2019 || 1 || N/A ||
|-
|Win|| Yutaka Kobayashi || Submission (flying armbar) || Fighting NEXUS || September 22, 2019 || 1|| 10:18||
|-
|Draw|| Yoshiyuki Yoshida || Draw || Quintet Fight Night 2 || February 3, 2019 || 1|| 10:00||
|-
|Draw|| Antoine Jaoude || Draw || Quintet 3 || October 5, 2018 || 1|| ||
|-
|Draw|| PJ Barch || Draw || Quintet 2 || July 16, 2018 || 1|| 8:00||
|-
|Loss|| Roberto Souza || Submission (rear-naked cho) || Quintet Fight Night 1 || June 9, 2018|| 1|| 1:29||
|-
|Win|| Masanori Kanehara || Submission (armbar) || Quintet Fight Night 1 || June 9, 2018|| 1|| 2:33||
|-
|Loss|| Dan Strauss || Submission (rear-naked choke) || Quintet || April 11, 2018|| 1|| ||
|-
|Draw|| Michihiro Omigawa || Draw || Quintet || April 11, 2018|| 1|| 10:00||

External links

References

Living people
Japanese male mixed martial artists
Lightweight mixed martial artists
Mixed martial artists utilizing shoot wrestling
Japanese male sport wrestlers
1980 births
Sportspeople from Tokyo
Deep (mixed martial arts) champions


Mansel Alcantra or Alcantara (fl. 1829) was a Spanish pirate active in the South Atlantic during the early 19th century. As well as committing acts of piracy, he carried out several incidents of mass murder.

In 1829, his brig, the Macrinarian, captured the Liverpool packet ship Topaz near St. Helena while en route from Calcutta to Boston. After he and his men had finished looting the ship, Alcantara had the entire crew killed.

That same year, he seized and plundered a United States ship, the Candace from Marblehead. The ship's supercargo, allegedly an amateur actor, disguised himself as a Roman Catholic priest by dressing in a black gown and broad rimmed hat. He waited in his cabin pretending to "tell his beads" and, when the pirates finally entered his cabin, they respectfully crossed themselves and left the room. The young man was the only one of the crew and passengers not robbed by the pirates.

References

External links
Captain Mansel Alcantra

1829 births
19th-century pirates
19th-century Spanish people
Spanish mass murderers
Spanish pirates
Year of death missing


Larry Bowie (October 13, 1939 – December 31, 2012) was a National Football League (NFL) guard. He was drafted by the Minnesota Vikings in the sixth round of the 1962 NFL Draft. He played college football at Purdue.

References

1939 births
American football offensive guards
Purdue Boilermakers football players
Minnesota Vikings players
2012 deaths


Cliff Lake is located in the  Northwest Piscataquis unorganized territory and North Maine Woods region, within Piscataquis County in northern Maine.

The lake drains via Twin Lake and South Twin Brook into Churchill Lake, the source of the Allagash River.

It is home to many species of cold water fish.

Notes

Lakes of Piscataquis County, Maine
Allagash River
North Maine Woods
Lakes of Maine


Three Mile Plains is a small community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in  The Municipality of the District of West Hants in Hants County.

Description

Three Mile Plains, along with Five Mile Plains, was originally inhabited by African-American settlers who called it Windsor Plains. The community was also once called Seven Mile Plains.

Three Mile Plains contains two churches, Windsor Plains Baptist Church and the Anglican Parish of Avon Valley. It also has an elementary school for grades primary-5 as well as a community hall.  Major roads includes Panuke Road, Old Halifax Road,Three Mile Plains Crossroads, Mountain Road, Windsor Back Road, and Trunk 1.

Schools

Three Mile Plains District School
The current elementary school, Three Mile Plains District School, opened in 1963 with an initial enrollment of 300 students, which included children from Three Mile Plains and Five Mile Plains. The school was overcrowded and had to use the community centre to help accommodate the number of students. In the 1980s the school’s population started to decline because of a shrinking population in Three Mile Plains. In the 1990s the special education program closed, and the enrollment numbers fell again. In 2005, the school had an enrollment of 132 students; by 2007 it had risen to 160.

Five Mile Plains School
Five Mile Plains School was erected in 1945 and it became integrated in 1963. It was a one room school house for elementary students. Although this building isn’t used as an elementary school anymore it still stands and after the school closed it was briefly used as a community hall. Five Mile Plains had goals for students: “Respect Your Heritage, Respect Yourself, Respect Your Family”. They also had an anthem:

     Cheer, Cheer, for old Five Mile Plains
     Wake up the Anthem, Cheer in its name.
     Lend your voices, cheer on high
     Shake down the thunder from the sky.
     What tough the odds, be great or small
     Old Five Mile Plains will win over all.
     Like our, loyal sons,
     We’re marching onward to victory!

Notable residents

 Dr George Elliot Clarke: Professor at the University of Toronto and a poet of African Canadian literature; recipient of the 2001 Governor General's Award for Poetry for his work Execution Poems.
 Ted Upshaw: first Black member of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police to be promoted to Inspector.
 Clyde Gray: professional boxer; Commonwealth Boxing Council welterweight champion in the 1970s.

References

Communities in Hants County, Nova Scotia


Larry Bowie may refer to:

Larry Bowie (guard) (1939–2012), American football guard
Larry Bowie (running back) (born 1973), American football running back


Civilization and Its Discotheques is the sole LP release of Los Angeles art rock band The Fibonaccis, released in 1987 on Blue Yonder Sounds. The album's title is an obvious reference to Sigmund Freud's 1929 book Civilization and Its Discontents.

Like all of the Fibonaccis' work, Civilization and Its Discotheques is out of print, though the album is currently available for download on the band's official website. The majority of its tracks were later featured on the band's 1992 retrospective compilation album, Repressed - The Best of the Fibonaccis.

Track listing

Song information
"Narcissist" is based on the book The Culture of Narcissism by Christopher Lasch.
"Crickets" is a spoken word rendition of an untitled Emily Dickinson poem.
"Leroy" is a spoken word piece composed of dialogue from The Bad Seed.

Personnel

The Fibonaccis
John Dentino - piano, Mellotron, synthesizer, vocoder
Magie Song - vocals
Joseph Berardi - drums, percussion, cello (track 10)
Tom Corey - bass guitar, mandolin, guitar (tracks 5, 10, 11 and 12), slide guitar (track 9)
Ron Stringer - vocals (tracks 3, 4 and 8), guitar (tracks 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7)

Guest musicians
Bruce Fowler - trombone ("Medicine Waltz")
Lynn Johnston - bass clarinet, oboe ("Medicine Waltz")
Mike Price - trumpet ("Medicine Waltz")
Bill Rhea - violin ("Some Men", "Old Mean Ed Gein")
Stan Ridgway - harmonica ("Old Mean Ed Gein")
Bill Roper - tuba ("Medicine Waltz")

Production
Engineered by Steve Sharp and Charles Ramirez
Recorded at Juniper Studios in Burbank, California and Casbah Studios in Fullerton, California
Mixed at Juniper Studios.
Mastered by Jeff Sanders at KM Records in Burbank, California.

References

External links
The Fibonaccis Official Website

1987 debut albums
The Fibonaccis albums


Koshoy Korgon or Qoshoy Qorgon ( ) is a ruined fortress of uncertain date located in At-Bashy District, Kyrgyzstan.  The structure, which consists of walls made of mud enclosing a large area and is identified as a korgon ("fortress", not to be confused with a kurgan), is immediately to the southeast of Kara-Suu village, and a little ways west of At-Bashy village.  It is named after Qoshoy baatyr, one of Manas's generals, who is thought to have been a catalyst for its construction.  There is an on-site museum for tourists that is rarely open.

References

Archaeological sites in Kyrgyzstan


Haydn Vernon Dackins (10 July 1912 – 2 August 1943) was a Welsh footballer who was killed during World War II.

Career
Dackins played two Second Division games for Swansea Town in 1934–35, before joining Port Vale in July 1935. He played just nine games and scored one goal in the 1935–36 season and was released after the season end. His goal came in a 3–2 win over Bradford Park Avenue at The Old Recreation Ground on 2 November 1935. He then moved on to Northwich Victoria and Macclesfield Town, leaving the "Silkmen" for Hurst after his registration was terminated in November 1938 due to disciplinary action.

World War II
Dackins served in the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers and was killed in action during the Second World War on 2 August 1943, at the age of 31. He is buried at Catania War Cemetery in Catania, Sicily. This would indicate that he had lost his life during the Allied invasion of Sicily.

Career statistics
Source:

See also
 List of footballers killed during World War II

References

1912 births
1943 deaths
Footballers from Pontypridd
Welsh men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Swansea City A.F.C. players
Port Vale F.C. players
Northwich Victoria F.C. players
Macclesfield Town F.C. players
Ashton United F.C. players
English Football League players
British Army personnel killed in World War II
Military personnel from Cardiff
Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers soldiers


Borneo  is a small community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in  The Municipality of the District of Guysborough in Guysborough County.

References
Borneo on Destination Nova Scotia

Communities in Guysborough County, Nova Scotia
General Service Areas in Nova Scotia


Virtuoso No. 3 is a 1977 album by American jazz guitarist Joe Pass. It was re-issued in 1992 on CD by Original Jazz Classics.

Virtuoso No. 3 differs from Virtuoso and Virtuoso No. 2 in that it contains all original material instead of jazz standards. The track "Paco de Lucia" is named after the noted flamenco composer and guitarist.

Reception

In his Allmusic review, critic Scott Yanow wrote "There are more ballads than usual in a Pass solo showcase, but there is enough variety to hold one's interest..."

Track listing
All songs by Joe Pass.
"Off Beat" – 4:47
"Trinidad" –  6:11
"Nina's Blues" – 5:15
"Sevenths" –  4:12
"Ninths" – 5:21
"Dissonance, No. 1" – 1:53
"Minor Detail" – 6:01
"Paco de Lucia" – 5:52
"Sultry" – 4:25
"Passanova" – 4:29
"Pasta Blues" – 4:36
"Dissonance, No. 2" – 3:04

Personnel
Joe Pass - guitar
Norman Granz – producer
Val Valentin – engineer

References

External links
Joe Pass Memorial Hall

1977 albums
Joe Pass albums
Albums produced by Norman Granz
Pablo Records albums
Instrumental albums


An observatory chronometer is a timepiece that has passed stringent testing and a slate of accuracy tests. Thus, the "observatory trial" developed as the standard process for determining accuracy of timepiece movements. If the chronometer passed the stringent testing, it would be certified.

In the world of mechanical timepieces, accuracy is paramount. In the times before electronics, mechanical timepieces called marine chronometers were developed to a very high degree of accuracy for use in maritime navigation. To test the accuracy of such marine chronometers, watchmakers looked to a phalanx of astronomical observatories located in Western Europe to conduct assessments of timepieces.

History
Once mechanical timepiece movements developed sufficient precision to allow for accurate marine navigation, there eventually developed what became known as "chronometer competitions" at the astronomical observatories located in western Europe. The Neuchatel Observatory, Geneva Observatory, Besancon Observatory, and Kew Observatory are prominent examples of observatories that certified the accuracy of mechanical timepieces. The observatory testing regime typically lasted for 30 to 50 days and contained accuracy standards that were far more stringent and difficult than modern standards such as those set by the COSC. When a movement passed the observatory, it became certified as an observatory chronometer and received a Bulletin de Marche from the observatory, stipulating the performance of the movement.

Of the millions of watches produced in Switzerland each year by all manufacturers in the mid-1960s, approximately 250,000 would receive official chronometer status (similar to what would be COSC standards today), and only a few hundred of the very best from the total production would be sent to an observatory for chronometer accuracy competitions. Watch movements that could compete for accuracy certification at the observatory had typically been specifically built for that purpose alone, they were slow beat movements, oscillating at from 18,000 to 21,600 bph, typically with oversized balance wheels, tweaked and prepared by the best watchmakers often for many years to render ultimate accuracy before they were submitted to the observatory. Typical examples of these specialized competition movements were the Peseux cal 260, the Zenith cal 135 and the Longines cal 360. Because of the development time to create and tweak such movements, watch manufacturers tended to enter very few movements at observatory competitions.

Because only very few movements were ever given the attention and manufacturing level necessary to pass the observatory standards, there are very few observatory chronometers in existence. Most observatory chronometers had movements so specialized to accuracy that they could never withstand being used as wristwatches in normal usage.  They were useful only for accuracy competitions, and so never were sold to the public for usage.

However, in 1966 and 1967, Girard-Perregaux manufactured 662 wristwatches with the Calibre 32A High Frequency movements, which beat at 36,000 bpm. All 662 movements were sent to the Bureaux Officiels de Contrôle de la marche des montres (B.O), who certified them as chronometers and issued Bulletins de Marche for each unit with the additional commendation of 'especially good results'.

Girard Perregaux selected 40 of these movements for further testing by the Neuchatel Observatory. These 40 movements were tested for another 45 days, it was these 40 that became the Girard Perregaux Observatory Chronometers.

Similarly in 1968, 1969 and 1970 Seiko had 226 wristwatches with its 4520 and 4580 Calibres certified as observatory chronometers. In both cases these observatory chronometers were then sold to the public for normal usage as wristwatches, and some examples may still be found today, although they are very rare. The Girard-Perregaux Calibre 32A movement that went into its Observatory Chronometers heralded a shift in watchmaking technology to higher frequency movements, and thus greater accuracy, that is followed today by watch manufacturers such as Seiko, Patek Philippe, Zenith, Audemars Piguet, Jaeger-LeCoultre, Chopard, Vacheron Constantin, Mathey-Tissot and such.  The move to higher-frequency movements was necessitated by the challenges posed to the Swiss mechanical watch industry by the advent of the quartz watch movement in the late 1960s.

In recognition of a watchmaking achievement, Girard-Perregaux was granted the Centenary Certificate from the Neuchatel Observatory in 1967, the only time any manufacturer has ever been awarded such.

The observatory competitions ended with the advent of the quartz watch movement, in the late 1960s and early 1970s.

In 2009, the Watch Museum of Le Locle has launched a new chronometry contest based on ISO 3159 certification.

In 2017 the Observatory Chronometer Database (OCD)  went online, which contains all mechanical timepieces ("chronometres-mecaniques") certified as observatory chronometers by the observatory in Neuchatel from 1945 to 1967, due to a successful participation in the competition which resulted in the issuance of a "Bulletin de Marche". All database entries are submissions to the wristwatch category ("chronometres-bracelet") at the observatory competition.

See also
 Chronometer watch
 List of watch manufacturers

References

External links
 Observatory Chronometer Database (OCD)
 History of Girard-Perregaux

Clocks


The Basilian Chouerite Order of Saint John the Baptist () is a Melkite Greek Catholic monastic order of Pontifical Right for Men. The members of the Order add the nominal B.C after their names to indicate their membership in the Order.

History
The order was founded in 1696 by five monks (including Neophytos Nasri) who left the Balamand Monastery to look for a quiet place where to better follow the rule of Saint Basil. They settled in 1710 in the village of Choueir (or Dhour El Shuwayr, near Khinchara) in Mount Lebanon using the little church of Saint John the Baptist, from which they took the name and that is still their motherhouse ().

In 1733 Abdallah Zakher set up an Arabic language printing press using movable type at the monastery of Saint John at Choueir, the first home made press in Lebanon. In 1757 Pope Benedict XIV approved their particular rules, and the final approval from Rome was given in 1772.

The Basilian Chouerite Order soon became one of the two main religious orders of the Melkite Catholic Church. The other order was the Basilian Salvatorian Order. According to their tradition, the Basilian Salvatorian Order had a more missionary aim, while the Basilian Chouerite Order was more contemplative. The Basilian Salvatorian Order recruited in the areas of Damascus and South Lebanon, while the Basilian Chouerite Order recruited in the areas of Aleppo, Homs, North Lebanon and Galilee. Attempts to unite these two orders in the 18th century failed: the opposition between them and between the different communities from which they recruit members is an important aspect to understand in the early history of the Melkite Catholic Church.

Between 1824 and 1832 the order split into two branches: the Basilian Alepian Order (formed mainly by monks who came from Aleppo area), and Baladites or Basilian Chouerite Order (who came mainly from Lebanon and Galilee). The order founded its seminary in 1880 and run many parishes in the Middle East. Three Melkite Patriarchs and about 36 bishops were members of the Basilian Chouerites.

The female branch of the order; the congregation of Basilian Chouerite Sisters, was founded in 1737 and approved in 1763 by Pope Clement XIII. The first house of this congregation was the Monastery of the Annunciation at Zouk Mikael.

See also

Maronite Religious Institutes (Orders)

 Baladites
 Antonins
 Aleppians
 Kreimists or Lebanese missionaries

Melkite Religious Institutes (Orders)

Basilian Salvatorian Order
Basilian Alepian Order

References

Melkite Greek Catholic Church


James Brown House may refer to:

in the United States (by state)
James Brown House (Riverdale, Iowa), in Scott County, listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)
James Brown House (St. Matthews, Kentucky), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Jefferson County, Kentucky
 James B. Brown House, Hannibal, Ralls County, Missouri, NRHP-listed
 James Brown House (Manhattan), New York City, NRHP-listed
 Jim Brown House, Peninsula, Summit County, Ohio, NRHP-listed

See also
Brown House (disambiguation)


Curtis Wise Johnson (born June 22, 1948) is a former American football cornerback in the National Football League. He was drafted by the Miami Dolphins in the fourth round of the 1970 NFL Draft. He played college football at Toledo and high school football for Waite.

Professional career
Johnson was drafted by the Miami Dolphins in the fourth round of the 1970 NFL Draft. He played his entire nine-year career for the Dolphins from 1970 to 1978. For his career he started 111 of 125 games, recording 22 interceptions. Johnson also started in three Super Bowls for the Dolphins, winning two of them.

References

1948 births
Living people
American football cornerbacks
Miami Dolphins players
Toledo Rockets football players
Players of American football from Toledo, Ohio


Velesunio ambiguus, the floodplain mussel, or the billabong mussel (South Australia), is a species of freshwater bivalve in the family Hyriidae.

There are four other cryptic species in the genus Velesunio (which all look similar to Velesunio ambiguus) in Australia.

Distribution
Australia: Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia, where it is known as the billabong mussel.

Biotope
Static waters.

Life cycle
The lifespan of this mussel is over 20 years.

It can survive temperatures from around 4 °C to over 30 °C.

Human uses
Velesunio ambiguus serves as a food for Australian Aborigines, although its flesh is tough.

This species can also be used in fish ponds to filter microscopic algae out of the water.

References

Hyriidae
Bivalves described in 1847
Bivalves of Australia
Endemic fauna of Australia
Taxa named by Rodolfo Amando Philippi


The Portrait of Sebastián de Morra is a painting by Diego Velázquez of Sebastián de Morra, a court dwarf and jester at the court of Philip IV of Spain. It was painted around 1644 and is now in the Prado in Madrid. Not much is documented about De Morra's life, other than the fact that he was brought to Spain by Philip IV in 1643 and served the court for six years before his death in 1649.  It was not until Velázquez became a court painter that he showed dwarfs with a warmer and naturalistic style compared to previous paintings. De Morra looks directly at the viewer, motionless, making no hand gestures, leading one critic to suggest that the painting represents a denunciation of the court's treatment of de Morra and other dwarfs. Recently discovered inventories and previous documents relating to De Morra reveal that he was also known by a nickname, El Primo.

Subject

Don Sebastián de Morra
Sebastián de Morra was acquired by King Philip IV in 1643 from his younger brother Cardinal Infante Fernando. He was then given over to Prince Baltasar Carlos until the prince's death in 1646 De Morra's job was to keep the prince entertained with humor. Following the death of Prince Carlos, De Morra died in October 1649 after six years of service to the court. An analysis of the canvases on which portraits of De Morra and Philip IV were painted, conducted by the Thread Count Automation Project, lead to the conclusion that they were both painted from the same piece of cloth. This conclusion revealed that De Morra's portrait was painted in Fraga, along with Philip's portrait.

Court dwarfs
Known as sabandijas, 'little serpents', court jester dwarfs were employed by kings as far back as the medieval period. Being either born with a deformity or deformed on purpose at the time of birth, court jesters became slaves to the royal court and family. Because they were seen as entertainment, dwarfs were no longer painted as symbolic figures and instead with a realistic style. Since dwarfs were so prominent in court life, they were also included in paintings with multiple figures. Previous Spanish court painters before Velázquez painted dwarfs with coldness and carelessness, since dwarfs were seen as human pets. Dwarfs were also painted with extreme stiffness and disdain for them was also visible in their portraits.

Court dwarfs were portrayed in paintings as the property of their masters, being summoned back and forth at their master's request. Typically, dwarfs were painted as being obedient and as under the ownership of their masters by placing their hands on the dwarf's head. Dwarfs were seen as only one class higher than animals status-wise. Dwarfs were often painted holding an animal of some kind when with their masters. However, dwarfs with artistic or literature abilities were spared from having to train and play with animals.

Art historian Enriqueta Harris stated that Velázquez's paintings of dwarfs did not belong in the same space as classical paintings that he had done as well. However, Catherine Closet-Crane, author of a critical essay about Velázquez's dwarf portraits, states that the portraits were in fact meant to be seen with other Velázquez portraits. She even discusses that the portraits could also be seen alongside some of Rubens's portraits, such as of philosophers Democritus and Heraclitus. Dwarfs were commonly painted from the fifteenth to eighteenth centuries, but their prominence in art declined afterwards.

Artist

Work as court painter
Diego Velázquez was born on 1599 in Seville, Spain where he carried out his painting career until he eventually moved to Madrid at age 24. Diego Velázquez's naturalistic style was one of Spain's first introduction to the Caravaggio style that was sweeping across Europe. Velázquez was soon employed as the court painter to Philip IV of Spain in 1628 (age 29). During his time as court painter, Velázquez's work focused mainly on paintings for royal apartments and the court. Diego Velázquez's first piece for King Philip IV was when he was hired to paint his portrait by the Count Duke of Olivares. A court painter's job was to depict the royal family and the court in a positive light. Velázquez's painting so impressed King Philip that he hired Velasquez as the chamber's painter, with administrative duties being among a few of the other jobs he also held in the palace. Velázquez is known for having completed at least ten dwarf portraits. These paintings are on display in the Prado in Madrid.

Visual analysis

Composition and style
Famous for capturing great detail in his realistic style paintings, Velázquez demonstrates these qualities in his portrait of Sebastián de Morra. By painting Morra from a straight-on view, Velázquez managed to highlight Morra's obvious resentment of his physical nature and the disability itself. De Morra is placed against a plain dark background with no objects in sight. The structure of the painting was originally oval instead of a square, as evident in markings on the canvas. Missing pieces in the corners are also evidence that the canvas was meant to be fit in an oval stretcher. In 1734 a fire destroyed the Real Alcazar of Madrid where the portrait of De Morra was held. This could have been the reason the canvas was cut irregularly, to save it from further fire damage. The wall in the painting itself is believed to have been scorched by a fire of unknown origin. The lack of a background leads to the conclusion that De Morra is alienated from the outside world and a normal social life. De Morra's right side of his face is in shadow due to the tilted angle of his head and light source on the left. The light source helps to ground the figure, for it would have appeared he was floating in space in an otherwise dark background. The white collar and cuffs on De Morra's outfit are made out of expensive lace material, which cause the viewer to pay closer attention to his hands and face. The red and gold trimmed cape around his figure help draw the viewers gaze from the cape towards his face. The cape and collar around De Morra's head bare a similar appearance to the military coat worn by Philip IV. De Morra's hands are resting on his side, in which Velázquez did not include any finger appendages.

Artist's personal view
Diego Velázquez's decency was one of his most well known characteristics, which was illustrated in his portraits of dwarfs and fools. Contrary to common Spanish criticism, Velázquez painted dwarfs because he felt there was beauty in painting truth, not simply to capture ugliness. Instead of depicting dwarfs as simple deformed entertainers, Velázquez showed dwarfs with humanity that at times surpassed other men of the court. Velazquez showed his sympathy for court jesters in his paintings/studies after being surrounded by dwarfs for years on while employed by the royal court. Velázquez painted dwarfs with the same humanity that he did for the royal family in order to wanted to show that dwarfs were no less as human beings. However, while Velázquez's naturalistic and charitable depictions of the invalids and dwarfs maintained by the court strongly suggests he, as court painter, felt some empathy with their situation, the painter's opinions are never specifically stated in any documented fashion. As slaves to the royal court though, Velázquez took it upon himself to illustrate how court jesters felt and were seen as to the rest of the world. Velázquez's closer than otherwise normal studies of court jesters are concluded as a result of his admiration of their jokes and humor.

Identification controversy
There has been some arguments made that the Portrait of Sebastián de Morra is actually that of another dwarf known as "El Primo." A bill from the Archivo de Palacio states that a dwarf painted at Fraga is actually named El Primo. El Primo was previously known to have been the nickname of another dwarf, Diego de Acedo. El Primo was first identified to be the name of the portrait of De Acedo in a catalogue by Pedro de Madrazo in 1872. The portrait was previously unnamed until Madrazo matched a description of a painting the King received with similar clothing to the portrait of De Acedo. The problem is that other inventories have identified De Morra's portrait as El Primo as well. In 1952, José Manuel Pita published an inventory list from 1689 of the Marquess of Carpio in Madrid that describes the painting of De Morra in specific detail, named as El Primo. A later inventory from 1692 of the same collector also gives the name El Primo to De Morra's portrait. What is known about the El Primo is that he was a buffoon who worked for the Count-Duke Olivares. It is documented that Diego de Acedo was the equivalent of a modern-day civil servant for the house and was not a buffoon, leading to the conclusion that De Acedo and El Primo were not the same person. Due to the contradicting nature of multiple documents and inventories, it is impossible to definitively resolve this mystery.

See also
 List of works by Diego Velázquez

Notes

References

Adelson, Betty M. The Lives of Dwarfs: The Journey from Public Curiosity Toward Social Liberation. New Brunswick, N.J: Rutgers University Press, 2005. Internet resource. https://archive.org/details/livesofdwarfs00bett
Andreas Prater, "The Baroque" in The masters of western painting, Taschen, 2005, page 270,
Brown, Dale M. The World of Velázquez, 1599–1660. Rev. ed. New York: Time-Life, 1972. Print. Time-Life Library of Art.
D'ORS, PABLO PÉREZ, et al. “Velázquez in Fraga: a New Hypothesis about the Portraits of El Primo and Philip IV.” The Burlington Magazine, vol. 154, no. 1314, 2012, pp. 620–625. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/41812780
"Dwarfs as seventeenth-century cynics at the court of Philip IV of Spain: a study of Velazquez' portraits of palace dwarfs.." The Free Library. 2005 University of Puerto Rico, Faculty of Arts and Sciences 5 May. 2019 https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Dwarfs+as+seventeenth-century+cynics+at+the+court+of+Philip+IV+of...-a0170372826
Edgar, Andrew. "Velázquez and the Representation of Dignity." Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 6.2 (2003): 111–21. Web.
Hajar R. Dwarf sitting on the floor. Heart Views 2009;10:84. http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2009/10/2/84/63758
López-Rey, José. Velázquez: A Catalogue Raisonné of His Oeuvre. London: Faber and Faber, 1963. Print.
Riggs, Arthur Stanley. Velázquez,: Painter of Truth and Prisoner of the King. 1st Ed.]. ed. New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1947. Print.
"The Buffoon El Primo - The Collection". Museo Nacional del Prado. Retrieved 2019-04-25.
Trapier, Elizabeth Du Gué. Velazquez. New York: Printed by Order of the Trustees, 1948. Print. Hispanic Notes & Monographs; Essays, Studies, and Brief Biographies. Peninsular Ser.
Veatch, Laura. "Made in God’s Image: Velazquez’s Portraits of Dwarves." https://www.lagrange.edu/resources/pdf/citations/2010/04Veatch_Art.pdf

External links
Velázquez , exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on this portrait (see index)

Sebastian de Morra
Sebastián de Morra
1645 paintings
Sebastián de Morra
1640s in Spain
Sebastián de Morra
Works about dwarfism


Centre Burlington is a small community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in  The Municipality of the District of West Hants in Hants County.

References
Centre Burlington on Destination Nova Scotia

Communities in Hants County, Nova Scotia
General Service Areas in Nova Scotia


Kempt Shore  is a small community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in The Municipality of the District of West Hants in Hants County, named after General Sir James Kempt, who served as Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia from 1820 - 28.
 Situated at the mouth of the Avon river and overlooking Minas Basin, it is home to the annual Acoustic Maritime Music Festival.

History
Kempt Shore is named after General Sir James Kempt, who served as Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia from 1820 - 28. There had been a few Acadian families living in this area prior to the Expulsion in 1755. British settlers arrived to take over the lands in the early 19th Century. Kempt Shore Ocean View Campground is the site of the Acoustic Maritime Music Festival, held the third full weekend of July.

References

Kempt Shore on Destination Nova Scotia

Communities in Hants County, Nova Scotia
General Service Areas in Nova Scotia


Robert G. Davies was a footballer who played as an inside right in the English Football League for Port Vale and then Torquay United in the early 1930s.

Career
Davies played for Stoke City and Stoke St.Peter's before joining Port Vale as an amateur in October 1931, turning professional in August 1932. He played five Second Division games in 1932–33 and two games in 1933–34, before leaving The Old Recreation Ground on a free transfer in May 1934. He moved on to Torquay United, and made five Third Division South appearances for Torquay, scoring one goal, with his last appearance coming in the 1935–36 season.

Career statistics
Source:

References

Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Footballers from Oswestry
English men's footballers
Men's association football inside forwards
Stoke City F.C. players
Port Vale F.C. players
Torquay United F.C. players
English Football League players


The Pedja () is the fourth longest river in Estonia. Its source is near Simuna on the southern slopes of the Pandivere Upland. The river flows for 122 km through Lääne-Viru, Jõgeva and Tartu counties before joining the Emajõgi northeast of Lake Võrtsjärv. The last 4 km section of the river after confluence with Põltsamaa is known as the Pede. The largest settlement on the river is Jõgeva.

The Pedja is also the origin of the name of Alam-Pedja Nature Reserve, a large protected area on the river's lower reaches.

References
 Pedja jõgi

External links

Rivers of Estonia
Landforms of Jõgeva County
Landforms of Lääne-Viru County


Summerville  is a small community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in  The Municipality of the District of West Hants in Hants County. As of 2015, the population of Summerville was estimated to be 248.

History

The identities of the Acadians who settled this community prior to the Expulsion of the Acadians are unknown.

After the American Revolution, Summerville, Hants County was first settled by American Loyalists Captain John Robert Grant.

A large wharf was built at Summerville in the late 19th century to export gypsum. It was also used to repair ships and later became a vessel graveyard for old sailing ships converted to gypsum barges. Trace of the hulls of several of these large sailing vessels may still be seen at low tide, including the hull of the Barque Hamburg, the largest barque ever built in Canada.

Notable people
 William Hall (VC) – Summerville born winner of the Victoria Cross during the Indian rebellion of 1857. Hall was the first black person as well as the first Nova Scotian to receive the award.

Climate

Restaurant

A small restaurant and inn is operated in Summerville, originally called "The Avon Emporium" and "Shipright Inn", respectively. In February 2014 "the emporium" as many locals called it was bought by the owners of "The Flying Apron", relocating from Tantallon, NS.

Shuffleboard Team
Since 2007, Summerville has been the home of the Summerville Daryns who practice and play in the area.

References

Endnotes

Sources
T. Watson Smith. Loyalist History: John Grant. Acadiensis 1903. pp. 6–18
 Edith Mosher. Land of a Loyalist [:The Story of John Grant]. (1988, Lancelot Press)
 Bergen Family History – History of John Grant and wife Sarah Bergen

External links
Summerville on Destination Nova Scotia

 Summerville, Nova Scotia

Communities in Hants County, Nova Scotia
General Service Areas in Nova Scotia


Old Woman Frying Eggs is a genre painting by Diego Velázquez, produced during his Seville period. The date is not precisely known but is thought to be around the turn of 1618 before his definitive move to Madrid in 1623. The painting is in the Scottish National Gallery in Edinburgh. Velázquez frequently used working-class characters in early paintings like this one, in many cases using his family as models; the old woman here also appears in his Christ in the House of Martha and Mary (1618). There is some dispute about what cooking process is actually depicted with some suggesting not frying but poaching, leading to an alternative title of the painting, Old Woman Cooking Eggs or Old Woman Poaching Eggs.

Old Woman Frying Eggs is considered to be one of the strongest of Velázquez's early works. Like others, it shows the influence of chiaroscuro, with a strong light source coming in from the left illuminating the woman, her utensils and the poaching eggs, while throwing the background and the boy standing to her right into deep shadow. Here the chiaroscuro is very intense, so much so that it would be impossible to see the wall at the bottom of the painting but for the basket hanging from it; it simultaneously manages to combine the murky darkness and high contrasts of light and shadow with the use of subtle hues and a palette dominated by ochres and browns. The composition is organised as an oval with the middle figures in the nearest plane, thus drawing in the viewer.

The realism is nearly photographic and shows everyday plates, cutlery, pans, pestles, jugs and mortars, capturing the special shine on a glass surface and the light's play on the melon carried by the boy. The boiling pan is particularly well-captured, with its reflections and the whites of the eggs. Velázquez also worked particularly hard on the detail of the two figures' hands.

See also
 List of works by Diego Velázquez

References

External links
 Velázquez , exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Old Woman Frying Eggs (see index)

1618 paintings
Seville-period paintings by Diego Velázquez
Paintings in National Galleries Scotland
Paintings by Diego Velázquez
Food and drink paintings
Genre paintings


1, 2, 3, Red Light, the second album by American bubblegum pop group the 1910 Fruitgum Company, was released six months after their debut album, Simon Says. The title song written by Sal Trimachi and Bobbi Trimachi, was the albums' only hit single for the band, peaking at #5 on the Billboard Hot 100, with both the album and the single just barely missing the success of their first release.

As with their previous album there has been questions about who played what. Original drummer Floyd Marcus has stated that he still played on the records even when a new drummer, Rusty Oppenheimer, was brought in. This does not seem to be the case for this album, as Oppenheimer receives a writing credit on the album but also does not perform on it as Marcus has explained that a number of session musicians were brought in to record new backing tracks for Mark Gutkowski to sing over while the band was out touring. This is supported by former Super K Productions staff writer and producer, Steve Dworkin, who, in an email to Unofficial 1910 Fruitgum Company Home Page creator Jonathan Gatarz, has listed the names of the session musicians.

Track listing

Personnel
 Mark Gutkowski – vocals
 Kenny Laguna – keyboards
 Steve Feldman – keyboards
 Jimmy Calvert – lead guitar
 Paul Nauman – rhythm guitar
 Norman Marzano – bass guitar
 Joe D'Andrea – drums

Chart positions
Album

Singles

Releases
Album
 BDS 5022

Singles
 BDA 54 7" (July 1968)
 "1, 2, 3, Red Light" (Sal Trimachi/Bobbi Trimachi) – 1:55
 "Sticky, Sticky" (Jerry Kasenetz/Jeff Katz) – 2:05

References

1968 albums
1910 Fruitgum Company albums
Buddah Records albums
Albums produced by Super K Productions


Ultra Modern Nursery Rhymes is the only album released by the short-lived group Terry, Blair & Anouchka.

Overview
Terry, Blair & Anouchka were formed shortly after the dissolution of Terry's previous musical project the Colourfield. All three members shared a love for '60s pop, as well as kitschy mainstream pop, as evidenced on the trio's cover of Captain & Tennille's "Love Will Keep Us Together". "Missing" was released as a single in November 1989, followed by "Ultra Modern Nursery Rhyme" in February 1990. Both singles reached the lower end of the UK Singles Chart. Ultra Modern Nursery Rhymes was released in February 1990 to little attention. The group split shortly afterwards.

Release
The album did not chart in the UK. "Missing" reached No. 75 in November 1989, and "Ultra Modern Nursery Rhyme", the second and final single charted at No. 77 the following year. The album was re-released in 2004 by Cherry Red Records with two additional bonus tracks.

Track listing

Personnel
Terry, Blair & Anouchka
 Blair Booth - keyboards, vocals
 Anouchka Grose - guitar, backing vocals
 Terry Hall - vocals
Technical
 Jeremy Green - arrangements
 Bob Sargeant - producer on tracks 1 to 7, 9, 10
 Jeremy Green - producer on tracks 4 to 6, 8, 9

References

Terry, Blair & Anouchka albums
1990 debut albums
Chrysalis Records albums
Albums produced by Bob Sargeant


Nantgarw Colliery was a coal mine and later developed Coking coal works, located in the village on Nantgarw, Mid Glamorgan, Wales located just north of Cardiff.

Opened in 1910, it closed in 1986. The site is now redeveloped as the industrial estate Parc Nantgarw.

Craig Yr Allt
Craig Yr Allt Colliery was situated south of Nantgarw village. However, whenever the River Taff flooded, water frequently entered its workings, and it was abandoned in 1878.

Development
Thomas Taylor of Pontypridd began the development of Nantgarw colliery in May 1910, near the base of the Caerphilly Syncline seam. The sinking of the twin shafts in 1911 reached the coal seam at a depth of more than  in 1915, placing them  below sea level, making Nantgarw the deepest pit to be sunk in the South Wales Coalfield up to that time.

Production
Connected to the Rhymney Railway via the Coryton Line, the mine was sold to the Taff Rhondda Navigation Steam Coal Co in 1924. The 850 men were redeployed in 1927 after geographical difficulties were encountered and the pit abandoned. Bought by Powell Duffryn Steam Coal Co Ltd, following further development attempts it was put into "care and maintenance."

Powell Duffryn designed a development scheme in 1937, but work was suspended when World War II broke out in 1939. A later project to re-open the colliery was approved by the Ministry of Fuel and Power in 1946, and after nationalisation in 1947, the National Coal Board invested £5 million on modern surface constructions and modern mining methods. The NCB designed a model colliery, with all old workings demolished and new surface buildings designed with state-of-the-art facilities, with appliances installed to reduce smoke and fumes. Coal production started in 1952, and by 1954, 200 men worked the surface and 820 men underground. New landings were made in both shafts at 280yards and 380yards, in order to work the mine by a system known as "Horizon Mining" employed in an effort to mine coal despite the site's geological problems. All the site's waste was dumped into the shafts to a level 60 ft below these new landings, placed underground to keep the surface clear of unsightly spoil heaps. The main heading was driven south, with the workings cutting through the No.1 Rhondda, Bute, Brass, and Hard seams due to the 36-degree dip to the north.

Industrial relations were rarely at Nantgarw, being part of the reasoning behind the 1927 closure, while in 1958 there were 65 stoppages, go-slows and walk-outs. Having survived the mass pit closures of the 1960s, the geographical problems meant the closure of the mine working in 1974, and the unit merged with Windsor Colliery, Abertridwr, Caerphilly from 1975. By 1979, the combined Nantgarw/Windsor Colliery employed around 650 men, producing over 4,000 tons of coal per week and making a profit of over £0.5 million.

Coking ovens
The coke ovens and by-product plant were opened in 1951, as part of the NCB's modernisation of the regional and national coal industry. The plant produced both furnace and foundry coke for the steel industry. Both for the Welsh industry (then Ebbw Vale, Llanwern, and Port Talbot) and abroad, including Romania. Smokeless coal briquettes for the domestic market, branded Phurnacite, were stored at Nantgarw awaiting sale after being produced at the Phurnacite works at Abercwmboi in the Cynon Valley.

Closure
The whole coal production and coking works unit lost £7 million in 1981, employing: 142 on development; 131 on the coalface; 197 below the ground; 101 on the surface. In 1982 output declined steeply as a major coal seam at Windsor became unworkable, while in 1984 an overtime ban led directly to the 1984/5 UK miners strike spreading to South Wales. Although profitable post the strike, both sites of the whole unit closed as part of the NCB regional review on 6 November 1986.

References

Collieries in South Wales
History of Rhondda Cynon Taf
Underground mines in Wales
Buildings and structures in Rhondda Cynon Taf


Bramber  is a small community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in  The Municipality of the District of West Hants in Hants County. It is possibly named after Bramber, Sussex in England.

External links
 Bramber on Destination Nova Scotia

References

Communities in Hants County, Nova Scotia
General Service Areas in Nova Scotia


Live at Long Beach City College (reissued in 1998 as Blues Dues (Live at Long Beach City College)) is an album by jazz guitarist Joe Pass, recorded in 1984.

Reception

Writing for Allmusic, music critic Scott Yanow wrote of the album "For this live date, Pass explores seven standards and a couple of original blues, but manages to find fresh variations to play during such songs as "Wave," "All the Things You Are," and an exploratory rendition of "Honeysuckle Rose.""

Track listing
 "Wave" (Antônio Carlos Jobim) – 5:52
 "Blues in "G"" (Joe Pass) – 7:05
 "All the Things You Are" (Oscar Hammerstein II, Jerome Kern) – 5:43
 "'Round Midnight" (Thelonious Monk, Cootie Williams) – 6:26
 "Here's That Rainy Day" (Johnny Burke, Jimmy Van Heusen) – 4:48
 "Duke Ellington's Sophisticated Lady Melange" (Duke Ellington) – 6:37
 "Blues Dues" (Pass) – 5:31
 "Bluesette" (Norman Gimbel, Toots Thielemans) – 3:43
 "Honeysuckle Rose" (Fats Waller, Andy Razaf) – 5:50

Personnel
Joe Pass – guitar

References

Albums produced by Norman Granz
Joe Pass live albums
1984 live albums
Pablo Records live albums


Pembroke, Nova Scotia may refer to:
Pembroke, West Hants
Pembroke, Yarmouth County


The Forni Dolostone, also known as the Dolomia di Forni, is a Late Triassic (Norian, or Alaunian in the local biochronology) dolomite geological formation in northeastern Italy. The formation was deposited in a lagoonal to shallow marine environment.

Description
It represents deposition in an anoxic marine basin whose maximum depth was about , and was surrounded by the shallow water carbonate platform of the Dolomia Principale Formation. The Dolomia di Forni is composed mainly of dark, often cherty, well-bedded dolostone that is frequently thinly laminated and sometimes slumped. Thicker laminae are graded and represent distal turbidites. The basinal facies preserving the tetrapod remains are composed mainly of distal turbidites and carbonate mud deposited by fallout.

Fossil content
The following fossils have been reported from the formation:

Other reptiles
 Langobardisaurus tonelloi
 Megalancosaurus preonensis
 ?Drepanosaurus unguicaudatus

Fish

 Pseudodalatias barnstonensis
 Sargodon tomicus
 Thoracopterus martinisi
 ?Eopholidophorus forojuliensis
 Holophagus sp.
 Saurichthys sp.

Arachnids
 Friularachne rigoi

Crustaceans

 Acanthochirana triassica
 Antrimpos colettoi
 A. noricus
 Archaeopalinurus levis
 Dusa denticulata
 D. longipes
 Microcaris minuta
 Pseudocoleia mazzolenii
 Rosenfeldia triassica
 Glaessnericaris sp.
 Glyphea sp.

Flora
 Brachyphyllum sp.
 Coniferales indet.

References

Bibliography
 F. M. Dalla Vecchia. 2019. Seazzadactylus venieri gen. et sp. nov., a new pterosaur (Diapsida: Pterosauria) from the Upper Triassic (Norian) of northeastern Italy. PeerJ 7(e7363)
 F. M. Dalla Vecchia and P. A. Selden. 2013. A Triassic spider from Italy. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 58:325-330
 F. M. Dalla Vecchia. 2004. An Eudimorphodon (Diapsida, Pterosauria) specimen from the Norian (Late Triassic) of north-eastern Italy. Gortania - Atti del Museo Friulano di Storia Naturale 25:47-72
 F. M. Dalla Vecchia. 2003. A review of the Triassic pterosaur record. Rivista del Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali "E. Caffi" Bergamo 22:13-29
 S. Renesto, F. M. Dalla Vecchia, and D. Peters. 2002. Morphological evidence for bipedalism in the Late Triassic prolacertiform reptile Langobardisaurus. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 82:95-106
 F. M. Dalla Vecchia. 2000. A wing phalanx of a large basal pterosaur (Diapsida, Pterosauria) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of NE Italy. Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana 39(2):229-234
 S. Renesto. 2000. Bird-like head on a chameleon body: new specimens of the enigmatic diapsid reptile Megalancosaurus from the Late Triassic of Northern Italy. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 106:157-180
 G. Muscio. 1997. Preliminary note on a specimen of Prolacertiformes (Reptilia) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of Preone (Udine, north-eastern Italy). Gortania - Atti del Museo Friulano di Storia Naturale 18:33-40
 A. Garassino, G. Teruzzi, and F. Vecchia. 1996. The macuran decapod crustaceans of the Dolomia di Forni (Norian, Upper Triassic) of Carnia (Udine, NE Italy). Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano 136(1):15-60
 F. Bizzarini and G. Muscio. 1995. Un nuovo rettile (Reptilia, Prolacertiformes) dal Norico di Preone (Udine, Italia Nordorientale). Nota preliminare [A new reptile (Reptilia, Prolacertiformes) from the Norian of Preone (Udine, N.E. Italy). Preliminary Note]. Gortania - Atti del Museo Friulano di Storia Naturale 16 (1994):67-76
 F. M. Dalla Vecchia. 1995. A new pterosaur (Reptilia, Pterosauria) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of Friuli (northeastern Italy). Preliminary note. Gortania - Atti del Museo Friulano di Storia Naturale 16:59-66
 A. Tintori and D. Sassi. 1992. Thoracopterus Bronn (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): a gliding fish from the Upper Triassic of Europe. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 12(3):265-283
 F. M. Dalla Vecchia. 1991. Note sulla stratigrafia, sedimentologia e paleontologia della Dolomia di Forni (Triassico Superiore) nella Valle del Rio Seazza (Preone, Friuli-Venezia Giulia) [Note on the stratigraphy, sedimentology, and paleontology of the Dolomia di Forni (Upper Triassic) of the Rio Seazza Valley (Preone, Friuli-Venezia Giulia)]. Gortania - Atti del Museo Friulano di Storia Naturale 12(90):7-30
 F. M. Dalla Vecchia, G. Muscio, and R. Wild. 1989. Pterosaur remains in a gastric pellet from the Upper Triassic (Norian) of Rio Seazza Valley (Udine, Italy). Gortania - Atti del Museo Friuliano di Storia Naturale 10:121-132
 G. Pinna. 1988. Un nuovo esemplare giovanile di Drepanosaurus unguicaudatus del Norico di Val Preone (Udine) [A new juvenile specimen of Drepanosaurus unguicaudatus from the Norian of the Preone Valley, Udine]. Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali - Museo civico di Storia Naturale di Milano 128:80-84
 R. Wild. 1984. A new pterosaur (Reptilia, Pterosauria) from the Upper Triassic (Norian) of Fruili, Italy. Gortania - Atti del Museo Friulano di Storia Naturale 5:45-62
 M. Calzavara, G. Muscio, and R. Wild. 1981. Megalancosaurus preonensis n. g., n. sp., a new reptile from the Norian of Friuli, Italy. Gortania - Atti del Museo Friulano di Storia Naturale 2:49-64

External links
 Gastric pellet

Geologic formations of Europe
Triassic System of Europe
Triassic Italy
Norian Stage
Dolomite formations
Marl formations
Lagoonal deposits
Shallow marine deposits
Paleontology in Italy


JB's Family Restaurants was a chain of restaurants located in Arizona, Utah, Idaho, Wyoming and Montana. The company was based in Tempe, Arizona and had 104 JB's branded restaurants at its height in 1995.

History

Big Boy beginnings
JB's Family Restaurants was founded in 1961 by Jack M. Broberg as JB's Big Boy, a Big Boy restaurants affiliate, in Provo, Utah. The first JB's Big Boy opened there
on November 21, 1961. Broberg chose the location because many students at Brigham Young University in Provo came from Southern California where Big Boy was popular, as well as the need for a family restaurant in the Provo area. In 1963, the holding company was renamed JB's Big Boy Family Restaurants, Inc. The company became public in July 1971 and its stock quickly sold out at its first offering.

In the 1970s JB's expanded by acquiring neighboring Big Boy franchisees: Vip's, Leo's, Kebo's, and Bud's; and the subfranchisee: Bob's Big Boy of Arizona. In 1970 JB's became the Big Boy franchisor in New Jersey and built five restaurants in the state, but in 1975 it sold the territory and stores to the Marriott Corp. who rebranded them as Bob's Big Boys. The sale funded expansion in the western US.

By the 1980s JB's sought additional franchise territory in the western US. After the Marriott Corp. – then owner of the Big Boy system – refused granting additional territory, in 1984, JB's sued to leave Big Boy. The parties settled, JB's paying $7 million in exchange for additional territory, including central and northern California, and Oregon, where (as in Washington, Nevada and Arizona) it operated as Bob's Big Boy; JB's also purchased 29 existing Bob's Big Boy restaurants from Marriott. Citing the sale of Big Boy to Elias Brothers, in 1988 JB's allowed its Big Boy franchise to expire, removing 110 units from the Big Boy system.

Diversification and later separation from Big Boy
In 1984, JB's purchased 16 restaurants from the Salem, Oregon-based VIP's chain. At that time, JB's Restaurants was based in Salt Lake City and had 80 restaurants, excluding the new acquisitions.

In 1988 JB's dropped Big Boy, allowing its franchise agreement to lapse after Marriott sold the Big Boy chain.

In 1995, the holding company changed its name to Summit Family Restaurants Inc. just before selling itself to CKE Restaurants for $34.5 million in cash and stock. At the time of the sale, Summit had operated or franchised 104 JB's family-style restaurants, six Galaxy Diners and 16 HomeTown Buffet restaurants.

In 1998, CKE sold JB's Family Restaurants Inc., to Santa Barbara Restaurant Group for one million shares of Santa Barbara's common stock.

In March 2000, Santa Barbara Restaurant Group sold JB's Family Restaurants to a group led by Lynn Whiteford, the chief operating officer for JB's. The sale includes 52 company-owned JB's as well as 29 franchised units.

On March 9, 2011, JB's Family Restaurants filed for bankruptcy. At the time of the bankruptcy filing, JB's Family Restaurants had operated seven corporate restaurants and had 15 franchised restaurants in six Western states after closing 26 other locations.

In 2019, JB's Family Restaurants again declared bankruptcy, leading to the closure of its last remaining Galaxy Diner in Flagstaff, Arizona. JB's subsequently sold Galaxy to the diner's manager, Will Pillen, and the diner reopened in August 2020. In June 2019, the company abruptly closed the doors of all of its restaurants and deactivated its website. Other than the Galaxy Diner, no evidence can be found if any of the JB's restaurants had reopened after the 2019 bankruptcy filing.

The last two remaining JB's currently operate in Salt Lake City, Utah at 102 W S Temple, and in Rexburg, Idaho at 150 W. Main Street.

See also
List of defunct restaurants of the United States

Notes

References

External links

Companies based in Salt Lake City
Defunct restaurant chains in the United States
Restaurants established in 1961
Big Boy Restaurants
1961 establishments in Utah


Robert Del Tredici is a Canadian photographer, artist, and activist, who documented the impact of the 1979 Three Mile Island accident on the community. His first book of photographs and interviews, The People of Three Mile Island (Sierra Club Books, 1980), was a social critique of nuclear power. His second book, At Work in the Fields of the Bomb (Harper & Row, 1987), discussed the US nuclear weapons industry and won the 1987 Olive Branch Book Award for its contribution to world peace.

He founded the Atomic Photographers Guild in 1987 along with photographers Carole Gallagher and Harris Fogel.

Del Tredici has a Bachelor of Arts in Philosophy, and a Master of Arts in Comparative Literature.  For many years he taught Photography and the History of Animated Film at Concordia University in Montreal, and he previously taught at Vanier College.

See also
Anti-nuclear movement in Canada
Kenji Higuchi
Three Mile Island: A Nuclear Crisis in Historical Perspective
Three Mile Island: Thirty Minutes to Meltdown
Three Mile Island accident health effects
James Acord

References

Living people
Canadian photojournalists
Canadian anti–nuclear power activists
Year of birth missing (living people)


Idon is a town in central Nigeria.

Namesakes

There are a number of other places with similar names.

Transport

Idon is served by a nearby station on a cross-country branch line of the nation railway network.

See also

 Railway stations in Nigeria

References

Towns in Nigeria


The Harmas de Fabre, also known as the Musée Harmas Jean-Henri Fabre, is a museum, botanical garden, and herbarium located on the Route d'Orange, Sérignan-du-Comtat, Vaucluse, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France. It is open daily except Wednesday in the warmer months; an admission fee is charged.

The museum contains the house and the garden of naturalist and entomologist Jean Henri Fabre (1823-1915) who moved into this house in 1879, after which he devoted the rest of his life to the study of insects and flora. The word harmas means "fallow ground" in Provençal. In 1922 the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle acquired the site, and in 1955 nearly 700 watercolors, hand painted by Fabre, were found in attics of Harmas by his grandson. In 1998 the site was classified as a monument historique; restored by the Ministry of Culture and Communication, it opened to the public in 2006.

Today the museum contains Fabre's collections of fossils, minerals, 594 watercolors of mushrooms, manuscripts, a private herbarium of more than 20,000 specimens including plants harvested by Fabre during his stay in Corsica (1849-1852), and the small table on which his manuscripts were written, most notably the Souvenirs Entomologiques. The gardens contain 20 historic trees and over 500 plant species, as well as trails and a pool, and a small cold greenhouse built in 1880.

See also
 List of botanical gardens in France

References

 Harmas de Fabre
 Jardinez entry
 L'Harmas de Jean-Henri FABRE, Souvenirs entomologiques, 1882 (French)
 Gralon entry (French)
 Harmas de Jean Henri Fabre - Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle - Sérignan-du-Comtat (French)
 French Wikipedia entry Harmas de Jean-Henri Fabre

Harmas de Fabre
Harmas de Fabre
Maisons des Illustres


The Calcare di Zorzino, Italian for Zorzino Limestone is a Late Triassic (Norian) geological formation in Italy (Cene and ). Pterosaurs and Tanystropheids have been recovered in this formation.

Vertebrate paleofauna

Other reptiles

 Aetosaurus ferratus
 Bergamodactylus wildi
 Drepanosaurus unguicaudatus
 Endennasaurus acutirostris
 Langobardisaurus pandolfii
 Megalancosaurus endennae
 M. preonensis
 Mystriosuchus planirostris
 Psephoderma alpinum
 Vallesaurus cenensis
 V. zorzinensis
 Diphydontosaurus sp.
 ?Mystriosuchus sp.
 ?Theropoda indet.

Fish

 Dandya ovalis
 Dapedium noricum
 Gibbodon cenensis
 Legnonotus krambergeri
 Parapholidophorus nybelini
 Pholidoctenus serianus
 Pholidorhynchodon malzannii
 Pseudodalatias barnstonensis
 Sargodon tomicus

References

Bibliography

Geologic formations of Italy
Triassic System of Europe
Triassic Italy
Norian Stage
Limestone formations
Marl formations
Shallow marine deposits
Paleontology in Italy
Formations


Windsor Colliery was a coal mine in the village of Abertridwr, Caerphilly.

Opened in 1895, it amalgamated with the Nantgarw Colliery in 1974, and closed in 1986. Ty'n y Parc (Welsh for "house on the park") housing estate now occupies the site.

Development
The sinking of two shafts of the Windsor Colliery commenced in 1895 by the Windsor Colliery Co. Ltd, to a depth of around 2,018 feet. The first coal was raised in 1902, with the workings connected underground to the Universal Colliery in Senghenydd for ventilation purposes. The mine was serviced by the Senghenydd branch line of the Rhymney Railway.

Accident
On 1 June 1902, a platform collapsed in the mine, tipping nine men into 25 feet of water, which had gathered in the sump. Three managed to escape drowning by clinging onto floating debris, but the other six lost their lives.

On the 8th April 1910 Thomas Isaac a Haulier at the mine was suffocated - Death certificate says Suffocation due to fall of rubble. The UK, Coal Mining Accidents and Deaths Index, 1878-1951 explains the death as follows - Fall of Roof on Horse Road Along Which He Was Passing With A Horse and Train. Several Settings of Timber Were Discharged By the Fall.

Operations
The colliery suffered from the 1920s economic downturn, as manpower slipped from 2,550 men in 1925 (the same year as maximum output of 2,550 tons of coal) to 860 ten years later. As a result, the colliery was taken over in the early 1930s by Powell Duffryn Steam Coal Company. Ownership passed to the National Coal Board in 1946.

During 1976, it became linked underground to the Nantgarw Colliery, and both collieries were worked as one unit, with coal winding and processing via Nantgarw. The majority of the Windsor work force transferred to Nantgarw on the last shift before the miners' summer holidays in 1976, but coal was still being raised in Windsor until the Christmas holiday. Production was later concentrated at Nantgarw, with Windsor kept open for ventilation, methane extraction and an emergency way out.

Closure
The whole Nantgarw/Windsor unit closed 6 November 1986.

References

Collieries in South Wales
Buildings and structures in Caerphilly County Borough
Underground mines in Wales


Timothy M. Armstrong (born December 21, 1970) is an American business executive. He was formerly the CEO of Oath Inc., then a subsidiary of Verizon Communications that served as the umbrella company of its digital content subdivisions, including AOL and Yahoo!. Previously, he was the CEO of AOL Inc. from 2009 until its purchase by Verizon in 2015.

A Connecticut College graduate in economics and sociology, Armstrong began his career in journalism. He became known for his online advertising sales in the 1990s, and was appointed marketing director for Seattle-based online entertainment-and-news portal Starwave, which was acquired by Disney in 1998. He was vice-president of sales at the New York-based news-and-gaming company Snowball in 2000. He became U.S. sales chief for Google, and then became President of Google Americas operations. He replaced the outgoing Randy Falco as CEO of AOL in 2009.

Education and early career
Between 1989 and 1993, Armstrong studied for a double major in Economics and Sociology at Connecticut College. He played lacrosse, was on the rowing team, and coached the women's ice hockey team for four years. He also studied at the Lawrence Academy, and became a trustee of both the academy and Connecticut College.

After graduating from Connecticut College in 1993, Armstrong was responsible for teaching high school students in summer classes at Wellesley College, for a program called Exploration. A colleague convinced him to pursue a media career, which resulted in him establishing a financial newspaper for young people in Boston. Titled BIB (Beginnings in Boston), this paper offered advice to young college graduates on entering the workforce. To finance the newspaper, Armstrong and friend Michael Dressler sold their mountain bikes and amounted to a debt of about $100,000. In the fall of 1994, Armstrong and Dressler closed down BIB to run a larger, rival newspaper, Square Deal at Harvard Square, following the death of its chief editor.

Armstrong saw considerable potential for publishing online and earning revenue through advertising. He sold Square Deal and commenced working as an ad-sales director for I-Way, run by the Boston-based International Data Group. Armstrong was later appointed to Starwave, a Seattle-based online entertainment-and-news portal, in 1995. Disney acquired the firm in 1998. Armstrong served as the Director of Integrated Sales and Marketing for Starwave's and Disney's ABC and ESPN Internet ventures. While at Starwave, he made his first $1 million online advertising deal with Columbia/HCA, a health firm.

Google
In the summer of 2000, Armstrong was appointed vice-president of Strategic Partners at New York-based news-and-gaming company Snowball. While there he became interested in Google ads and arranged to meet its sales and operations chief, Omid Kordestani. Kordestani invited him to California to meet Sergey Brin and Larry Page, who subsequently appointed him as U.S. sales chief for Google. He held positions such as President of Google's Americas Operations, and Senior Vice President of Google Inc. Armstrong has been credited for helping establish Google AdSense in 2005. Armstrong led Google into display advertising, aided by a $3.1 billion acquisition of Doubleclick in 2007. He used part of the wealth he amassed at Google to establish the New Jersey news website Patch Media, which was later acquired by AOL when Armstrong was appointed.

AOL

In early 2009, Jeff Bewkes, the chairman of Time Warner, announced that he wanted to coordinate AOL as a private company. At the time, the firm's revenues had dropped around 22% to just under $3.3 billion between 2008 and 2009. Bewkes appointed Armstrong as CEO of AOL on March 12, 2009, seeing him as a way to regain and secure the trust of Wall Street, Silicon Valley, and advertisers.

Under Armstrong, AOL became a player in advertising. In 2009, Armstrong was named by Fortune magazine as one of the "40 under 40". Armstrong helped AOL rebrand as a content company, focusing on original material, and making the decision to cut the number of ads generated by the firm to make advertising more exclusive and appealing to the most prominent advertisers. In 2010, Time Warner formally consented to AOL becoming a privately traded company on the New York Stock Exchange. It resulted in a cut of the company's workforce by one-third and a reduction to often a single featured advert a day, instead of the 15 previously. That year, Armstrong sold AOL-owned social networking site Bebo for around $10 million, a reported eightieth of its original cost. Another 1000 employees were laid off in March 2011.

According to the Cambridge University Press, Armstrong's strategy focuses on digital journalism in local communities, especially ones without their own newspapers. Consolidating the move into journalism came in June 2011 with the acquisition of The Huffington Post. Armstrong appointed Arianna Huffington, the co-founder and editor-in-chief of the paper as president. Armstrong launched a number of sites under the AOL banner which specifically cater to women, including StyleList.com, AOL Shopping, and KitchenDaily.com, and 60% of the readers at Patch Media are female.

In the early 2010s, Armstrong has pursued a number of platform acquisitions for AOL, including the purchases of technology news portal TechCrunch in September 2010, Adap.tv in 2013 for $405 million, and Gravity in January 2014. Armstrong appointed Saul Hansell, a technology and finance reporter of "The New York Times" to run a journalism and engineering system for AOL called Seed, based on the concept that editors can make decisions on what to write about by compiling data and algorithms from the leading search engines like Google and social network sites like Facebook. By January 2011, Seed had a staff of 25 and had taken an active role in writing both news stories and compiling videos for AOL sites. The Patch remains a productive news source, and as of January 2011, it reportedly cost AOL approximately 30 million dollars a quarter to run. In a 2011 interview, Armstrong claimed that Patch was responsible for the "largest investment in local communities outside of what the Obama administration is doing." In 2010, Armstrong launched AOL's "Monster Help Day," which commits AOL employees worldwide to work for free for a day to raise money for charity. By the 6th Annual Help Day in 2015, the scheme had 85 projects running worldwide, with over 50,000 work hours donated.

In May 2015, Verizon Communications acquired AOL for $4.4 billion, moving AOL's stock up by over 17%. Armstrong remained in his position as CEO. Fortune conjectured that the Verizon deal would bring Armstrong himself approximately $59 million in stock options. Video content is increasingly becoming a major part of AOL in what CNBC describes as the "content golden age." The following month, he announced that AOL had entered into a ten-year agreement with Microsoft, giving AOL the responsibility for its advertising sales across Microsoft platforms, and AOL in return, agreed to use the Bing search engine instead of Google on its sites. In July, Armstrong was awarded the Life Achievement Award at the Corporate Social Responsibility Awards organized by Capalino+Company, a New York City-based government and community relations company. In September, Armstrong and AOL acquired mobile ad tech company Millennial Media in a deal worth a reported $238 million, to add a "leading supply-side platform for app monetization" to AOL's assets. Speaking at the MPA's American Magazine Media Conference in New York in January 2016, Armstrong stated: "I thought the Internet was the biggest thing to ever happen in my lifetime. I think mobile will dwarf that".

In January 2016, AOL bought off French programmatic ad platform AlephD, complementing the programmatic ad platform Armstrong had established for AOL in 2014, entitled ONE. Armstrong summarized the direction that AOL was going in 2014: "AOL has spent the last four years building platforms to facilitate the efficient and effective flow of advertising dollars to digital. We build brands – our own, and those of more than 22,000 publishers in our global network and the thousands of marketers we work with daily to help them accomplish their business goals in today's fast-moving, dynamic market. On the side of the platform of our business, as machines automate more media decisions across TV to digital, we are well-positioned to help advertisers, agencies, and publishers realize the true value of data-driven advertising."

Other work
Armstrong was involved as an angel investor in numerous projects. He is personal investor in the New York-based Tequila Avion, and with AOL invests in Betaworks. He serves on boards such as The Priceline Group, Inc. (appointed as director in 2013), the Interactive Advertising Bureau (IAB), the Advertising Research Foundation, the Paley Center for Media, the New York regional board of Teach for America, the Waterside School in Stamford, Connecticut and is Chairman Emeritus for the Advertising Council, who bestowed upon him their 60th Annual Public Service Award in 2013.  He is the chairman of the IAB Education Foundation, described by AOL as "a new non-profit working to improve diversity and close the skills gap across the digital media and advertising landscape," and serves as an advisor to the consulting firm McChrystal Group. On behalf of NYC Mayor Michael Bloomberg, he chaired Media.NYC.2020, which reviewed the future of the global media industry, the implications for NYC, and suggested actionable next steps for New York City's government.

Still a keen sports enthusiast, Armstrong is a trustee for the United States Olympic & Paralympic Foundation, and owns the Boston Blazers club which competes in the National Lacrosse League.
He also co-founded the United Football League with Bill Hambrecht.

Controversies
In August 2013, an audio recording was leaked of Armstrong offhandedly firing a Patch employee earlier that month during a conference call with over 1000 attending for taking a photo of the event. Armstrong has publicly apologized for the firing of the employee since then but did not offer to reverse the firing or provide any compensation.

In February 2014, Armstrong claimed that ObamaCare and two “distressed babies” increased healthcare costs for AOL by $7.1 million per year and that, as a result, 401(k) contribution benefits for rank-and-file employees would be modified so employees that left before the end of the year would receive no company contribution towards their 401(k).

References

External links

 Profile at AOL

Connecticut College alumni
Google employees
Living people
Warner Bros. Discovery people
United Football League (2009–2012) executives
American chairpersons of corporations
American technology company founders
AOL employees
1970 births
Businesspeople from Connecticut
American technology chief executives


Tenecape is a small community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in  The Municipality of the District of East Hants in Hants County.

Murder of the Little Peddler
On October 22, 1902, 16-year-old peddler Lion Lundore was bludgeoned to death for his watch by fellow peddler Syan Azabulley in Tenecape. This was the first documented murder in Hants County.

Both men were Assyrian peddlers passing through the village. Tenecape resident Edward Church was pursuing Syan Azabulley after he had swindled Church out of a revolver for a fake watch. Church heard the screams of the victim and upon arriving on the scene found Lion Lundore beaten with his throat cut. Azabulley then turned to chase Church, who escaped and later discovered the victim's body in an abandoned mine tunnel.

The men of the village tracked down Azabulley eating supper at the unsuspecting home of H.B. Huntley. A citizen's arrest was made by George Smith, a magistrate, along with Henry McLelland and Wilbert Lingard.

Azabulley was eventually taken to Windsor where he was sentenced to death for his crime and hanged on March 18, 1903, at 4:35am. Father Kennedy and Father Collins were both with the condemned man at the hanging.

Today, Syan Azabulley is buried in an unmarked grave in the Roman Catholic cemetery in Windsor. His victim, Lion Lundore, was buried in the Moose Brook cemetery and was known as the "Little Peddler".

References

Communities in Hants County, Nova Scotia
General Service Areas in Nova Scotia


American Summit or (occasionally) American Pass (Hän: Häk'aww) is a -high mountain pass through the high ground of the Fortymile River district of east-central Alaska. Today, American Summit is traversed by the Taylor Highway, which connects the town of Eagle, Alaska to the Alaska Highway and the Top of the World Highway. Before the construction of the Taylor Highway in 1953, the Valdez-Eagle Trail passed over American Summit, providing the first overland route between the Gulf of Alaska and the gold fields of central Alaska.

American Summit has been used for thousands of years by Athabascan natives, who saw its utility as the lowest point in the White Mountains, which lie between the coast of Alaska and the Yukon River. In 1886 and again in 1896, gold was discovered in central Alaska, sparking a series of gold rushes that attracted thousands of miners to the Yukon River area of Alaska. In 1897, to protect the growing population of the region, the U.S. Army began to establish a series of forts along the Yukon River in order to help maintain order. One of these was Fort Egbert, built in the town of Eagle. Because of its isolated location, supplies for the fort and town had to either travel along the width of Alaska via the Yukon River or through previously established transportation routes in Canada. Seeking a quick all-American route, the U.S. government ordered the construction of a road from Valdez on the Gulf of Alaska to Fort Egbert.

American Summit, as the lowest point in the mountains separating the two locations, was a natural site for the road, which was completed by 1901. To supply even faster communications, the U.S. military began the construction of Washington-Alaska Military Cable and Telegraph System, of which Eagle would be the northernmost point. Telegraph lines were strung over American Summit in 1902, and an undersea cable connected Valdez to Seattle in 1904. After 1909, when a radio link was established, the telegraph line was abandoned. The road remained and was improved so that by the 1920s, the first automobiles climbed American Summit. In World War II, construction of the Alaska Highway also spurred work on that highway's side roads, and a project to improve the trail was begun in 1945. By 1953, the result was the Taylor Highway, a seasonal route that still connects Eagle to the outside world over American Summit.

During the 2004 Alaska fire season, the worst in recorded history, American Summit was the site of a  wildfire, one of several hundred that ultimately consumed  in Alaska that year.

Today, Eagle is an alcohol-free town, and American Summit is notable as the location of the liquor store nearest to Eagle. The store has been called one of the most remote liquor stores in the world. The Yukon Quest  sled dog race crosses Eagle Summit every February on its route between Fairbanks, Alaska, and Whitehorse, Yukon.

Notes

External links
 Map of the Taylor Highway with facilities and hiking trails highlighted

Mountain passes of Alaska
Landforms of Southeast Fairbanks Census Area, Alaska
Yukon Quest


Lady Windsor Colliery was a coal mine located in the village of Ynysybwl in South Wales. Opened in 1884, it closed in 1988, 104 years later.

Development
David Davies began test bores in the early 1880s at Graigddu (English - Black Rock), which proved positive. Colliery development began in 1884 by Plymouth Estates, later to become the Ocean Coal Company, with many of the early workers from Davies home village of Llandinam, Montgomeryshire. The shafts Nos.1 and 2 each 689 yards deep, with the first coal produced in 1886.

As with most coal mining areas in the South Wales Coalfield, a local community immediately sprang up around the colliery at Ynysybwl. 300 houses were built in typical South Wales Valleys terraced fashion by the mine owners in order to house workers and their families, with most built on the opposing (Western) side of the valley.

Production
The high grade of coal produced was ideal for maritime uses, and was hence bought by various shipping concerns including the Admiralty and Cunard Line. This spurred Davies purchase of the rival Harris-owned Deep Navigation Colliery in 1893, which from 1914 for a period provided electricity supply to Lady Windsor.

During its peak period the colliery employed around 1500 people directly although most of the 6000-7000 village community relied upon the pit in one way or another. In 1935 the colliery was employing 142 men on the surface and 949 underground. In 1931, Lady Windsor was among the first collieries in Wales to provide a pithead baths and first aid/medical treatment room, with the residents of the village were also allowed to use the baths for a small fee (3d to 6d). In 1935 the colliery was employing 142 men on the surface and 949 underground.

Post World War II, nationalisation took place on 1 January 1947, but the returning miners wanted better conditions, and many choose to commute to work at the newly developed Treforest Trading Estate. In part filled by displaced and stateless Europeans, even special allowances did not fulfil the labour needs of the mines.

By 1956 The Lady Windsor was in need of deeper exploitation with almost all the reserves in the Upper Seams being exhausted. With closed pits from County Durham providing an influx of labour, during 1964 a £4 million reorganisation put in a new pit bottom area, trunk conveyors and a diesel loco haulage system.

In March 1975 it was linked underground via two parallel tunnels with Abercynon Colliery, which was situated on the other side of the mountain, to form a single production unit at a cost of £450,000. Coal was raised at the Lady Windsor end of the unit from a depth of 687 yards, with 1,150 men were producing 318,000 tons yearly from Six feet, Lower Nine feet and Seven feet seams.

By 1981 manpower deployment broke down to 216 on development, 292 on the coalface, 342 underground and 305 on the surface.

Closure
The Lady Windsor Lodge assumed a leading role in the 1984/85 UK Miner's Strike, but on return to work the unit managed an impressive recovery obtaining 98% of expected output within a month.

The Lady Windsor/Abercynon unit was closed by British Coal in February 1988, with an estimated 25 years of workable coal left.

Transport
The Taff Vale Railway financed and operated the Ynysybwl railway, a branch line of its Llancaiach Branch, which joined to the mainline to Cardiff at Stormstown Junction just south of Abercynon. Opening a year after that of the Lady Windsor Colliery, the last passenger train from Ynysybwl Halt to Pontypridd was in 1953. On closure of the mine, the tracks were lifted back to Stormstown Junction, which itself was only removed in 2006, when colour light signals replaced semaphores on the mainline.

References

Collieries in South Wales
Underground mines in Wales
Buildings and structures in Rhondda Cynon Taf