Fragment of a Crucifixion is an unfinished 1950 painting by the Irish-born figurative painter Francis Bacon. It shows two animals engaged in an existential struggle; the upper figure, which may be a dog or a cat, crouches over a chimera and is at the point of kill. It stoops on the horizontal beam of a T-shaped structure, which may signify Christ's cross. The painting contains thinly sketched passer-by figures, who appear as if oblivious to the central drama.

Typical of Bacon's work, the painting is drawn from a wide variety of sources, including the screaming mouth of the nurse in Sergei Eisenstein's 1925 film Battleship Potemkin and iconography from both the Crucifixion of Jesus and the descent from the cross. The chimera's despair forms the centrepiece of the work; its agony can be compared to Bacon's later works focusing on the motif of an open mouth.

Although the title has religious connotations, Bacon's personal outlook was bleak; as an atheist, he did not believe in either divine intervention nor an afterlife. As such, the work seems to represent a nihilistic and hopeless view of the human condition. He later dismissed the painting, considering it too literal and explicit. He abandoned the theme of the crucifixion for the following 12 years, not returning to it until the more loosely based, but equally bleak, triptych Three Studies for a Crucifixion. The painting is housed in the Stedelijk Van Abbemuseum in Eindhoven, Netherlands.

Description
The upper creature may be a dog or a cat. Blood pours out of its mouth onto the head and body of its prey, a chimera rendered as owl-like with human facial characteristics. The prey unsuccessfully struggles to flee from its captor. The lower figure's human aspect is most notable in the details of its mouth and genitalia. Both figures are positioned in the centre foreground of the canvas, and are each mutilated and covered in blood, their physical discomfort contrasted against the flat, neutral background typical of Bacon's paintings. The figures exhibit many elements found in his early work, noticeably the expressive broad strokes set against the tightness of the flat, nondescript background. The link with the biblical Crucifixion is made through the raised arms of the lower creature, and the T-shaped cross.

The canvas is almost entirely stripped of colour. The T-shaped cross is dark blue; the two figures are painted in a mixture of white and black hues, the white tones dominating. Over half of the work is unpainted, essentially bare canvas. According to the theologian and curator Friedhelm Mennekes, the viewer's attention is thus solely focused "on the figure in agony on the cross, or more precisely: on the mouth, gaping and distorted in its cry". The body of the chimera, or hybrid bird, is rendered with light paint, and from it hang narrow red streams of paint, indicating the drips and spatter of blood. Bacon uses pentimenti to emphasise the hopelessness of the animal's death throes.

The painting contains the same white angular rails as the mid-grounds of his 1949 Head II, Head VI, and Study for Portrait of the same year. In this panel, the rails are positioned just below the area where the horizontal and vertical bars of the cross intersect. The rail begins with a diagonal line which intersects the chimera at what appears to be the creature's shoulder. The horizontal angular geometrical shape is sketched in white and grey in the mid-ground, and represents an early form of a spatial device Bacon was to develop and perfect during the 1950s, when it effectively became a cage used to frame the anguished figures portrayed in Bacon's foregrounds. In the mid-ground, the artist has sketched a street scene, which features walking stick figures and cars. The pedestrians appear oblivious to the slaughter before them.

Imagery and sources
The bleakness of the painting is informed by the artist's harsh nihilism and existentialist view of life. Bacon was raised as a Christian, but according to his friend and biographer Michael Peppiatt, when he found he could no longer believe he was "extremely disappointed and furious, and anybody with a scrap of religious belief ... he would go for them".  Peppiatt makes the observation of Bacon that "if somebody has that intensity, it's almost a faith in and of itself".

The painting has been linked both thematically and in its formal construction to Bacon's 1956 work Owls, and to preparatory sketches only brought to the art market in the late 1990s. The art critic Armin Zweite traces the origin of the lower figure to a photograph of an owl that Bacon found in a book on birds in motion; Bacon has replaced the bird's beak with a wide open human mouth.

Open mouth

Screaming mouths appear in many of Bacon's works from the late 1940s to the early 1950s. The motif was developed from sources including medical textbooks, and images of the nurse in the Odessa Steps sequence in Sergei Eisenstein's 1925 silent film Battleship Potemkin. Bacon kept a close-up still of the screaming nurse, at the moment when she has been shot in the eye. He referred to the still in paintings throughout his career.

Bacon tended to draw images in series, and the Odessa nurse  become an obsessive motif for him. According to Peppiatt, "it would be no exaggeration to say that, if one could really explain the origins and implications of this scream, one would be far closer to understanding the whole art of Francis Bacon". Gilles Deleuze wrote that, in Bacon's screams, "the entire body escapes through the mouth".

Crucifixion

The panel is one of a number of Bacon's treatments of the biblical crucifixion scene. He also incorporates Greek legend, notably the tale of Aeschylus and the Eumenides—or Furies—found in the Oresteia, suggested by the broad wings of the chimera. Bacon's imagery became less extreme and more imbued with pathos as he got older, and fewer of his canvases contain the sensational imagery that made him famous in the mid-1940s. He admitted that, "When I was younger, I needed extreme subject-matter. Now I don't." According to John Russell, Bacon found it more effective to reflect violence in his brush strokes and colourisation, rather than "in the thing portrayed".

The title refers to Christian iconography of the Passion of Jesus. Crucifixion scenes appear from Bacon's earliest works, and appeared frequently throughout his career. Russell writes that, to Bacon, the crucifixion was a "generic name for an environment in which bodily harm is done to one or more persons and one or more other persons gather to watch".

The painting was commissioned by Eric Hall, Bacon's patron and, later, his lover, who in 1933 commissioned three crucifixion paintings. Bacon drew influence from the old masters Grünewald, Diego Velázquez and Rembrandt, as well as Picasso's late 1920s and early 1930s biomorphs. Bacon said that he thought of the crucifixion as a "magnificent armature on which you can hang all types of feeling and sensation".

Elements of the canvas refer to Grünewald's c. 1512–16 Isenheim Altarpiece and Peter Paul Rubens's c. 1612–14 Descent from the Cross. According to the art critic Hugh Davies, the open mouth of the victim and the predator leaning over the cross link the painting to Rubens' Descent. The mouth in Rubens' painting is loosely opened, but in Bacon's it is taut. The main figure's legs are folded out of view and the figure's left arm is passive in Rubens' painting, but in the Bacon's painting the chimera's legs and arms are in violent motion, seemingly wildly flailing up and down.

Cage
Horizontal frames often featured in Bacon's 1950s and 1960s paintings. The motif may have been borrowed from the sculptor Alberto Giacometti, who Bacon greatly admired and often corresponded with. Giacometti had employed the device in The Nose (1947) and The Cage (1950). Bacon's use of frames has suggested imprisonment to many commentators. Writing on their use in Fragment, Zweite mentions that the diagonal lines transform the cross into a guillotine.

Reputation
The religious imagery belies Bacon's atheist and nihilistic outlook. The painting contains no hope for redemption. Friedhelm Mennekes writes that in the victim's scream, "there is not even a lament of being forsaken by God. A god does not emerge for the figure jerking in mortal anguish in the painting". Sharpe identifies the tiny oblivious stick-figure passersby as the element that mostly removes the work from "a straightforward recapitulation of ancient religious iconography and into postwar modernity".

Bacon was self-critical, and often destroyed or disowned his own work, including pieces held in high regard by critics and buyers. He came to dislike Fragment of a Crucifixion, viewing it as too simplistic and explicit, in the words of Russell, "too near the conventions of narrative-painting". This was an issue with which Bacon struggled throughout his career: he aimed to create imagery that would be instantly recognisable, immediate and directly involving for the viewer, while also staying loyal to his creed of producing "non-illustrative painting".

Bacon returned to the crucifixion theme in his 1962 Three Studies for a Crucifixion. That depiction is a more oblique and less literal utilisation of the iconography of the biblical scene, but a more direct invocation of imagery of the slaughterhouse and slabs of meat.

References

Notes

Sources

 Adams, James Luther & Yates, Wilson & Warren, Robert. The Grotesque in Art and Literature. Grand Rapids, MI: William B Eerdmans Publishing, 1997.
 Alley, Ronald & Alley, John. Francis Bacon.  London: Thames & Hudson, 1964.
 Baldassari, Anne. Bacon and Picasso. Paris: Flammarion, 2005.
 Brintnall, Kent. Ecce Homo: The Male-Body-in-Pain as Redemptive Figure. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press Books, 2011.
 Davies, Hugh; Yard, Sally. Francis Bacon. New York: Cross River Press, 1986.
 Deleuze, Gilles. Francis Bacon: The Logic of Sensation. London: Continuum International, 2005.
 Farr, Dennis; Peppiatt, Michael; Yard, Sally. Francis Bacon: A Retrospective. New York: Harry N Abrams, 1999.
 Peppiatt, Michael. Francis Bacon in the 1950s. Yale, CT: Yale University Press, 2006.
 Russell, John. Francis Bacon. London: Thames & Hudson, 1979.
 Schmied, Wieland. Francis Bacon: Commitment and Conflict. Munich: Prestel, 1996.
 Sylvester, David. Looking Back at Francis Bacon. London: Thames and Hudson, 2000.
 Sylvester, David. "Giacometti and Bacon". London Review of Books, volume 9 No. 6, 19 March 1987
 Van Alphen, Ernst. Francis Bacon and the Loss of Self. Chicago: Reaktion Books, 1992.
 Zweite, Armin. The Violence of the Real. London: Thames and Hudson, 2006.

External links
 Fragment of a Crucifixion,  Van Abbemuseum

Paintings by Francis Bacon
1950 paintings
Paintings depicting the Crucifixion of Jesus
Paintings in the Netherlands


Mirjawali Mair is a village in Hanumangarh district of Rajasthan, India.

Villages in Hanumangarh district


Bernie Waldron (20 March 1920 – 20 December 1990) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the early 1940s.

Waldron appeared in ten finals with Richmond, four of them Grand Finals. A premiership player at Richmond in 1943, he was a Grand Final runner-up in 1940, 1942 and 1944. Waldron played a variety of positions in his career, but was used mostly as a centreman, half back flanker or on the half forward flank. In the 1941 VFL season he was involved in a collision which broke the leg of Carlton's Jack Hale and forced the rover to retire.

After leaving Richmond he played at Hobart and was a member of their 1950 premiership team, kicking an important behind in the dying seconds to break the deadlock. When the siren sounded, Hobart finished two points clear of New Town to claim their first ever premiership. Waldron also topped the TANFL's goal-kicking in 1953 with 47 goals and is still the Hobart Football Club record-holder for most individual goals scored in a match with 15, booted in a TANFL match between Hobart and Clarence at the TCA Ground on 30 August 1952, also holding the record for the second highest individual goals scored in a match for Hobart with 14 goals, again against Clarence at the same venue on 22 July 1950.

References

Holmesby, Russell and Main, Jim (2007). The Encyclopedia of AFL Footballers. 7th ed. Melbourne: Bas Publishing.

1920 births
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (state)
Richmond Football Club players
Richmond Football Club premiership players
Hobart Football Club players
1990 deaths
VFL/AFL premiership players


The City Church of Bremgarten (German: Stadtkirche Bremgarten) is a listed heritage building in the city of Bremgarten, Canton of Aargau, Switzerland. It is an important landmark of Bremgarten. It is protected at the level of national importance (A-building), together with three chapels (St. Anna, St. Clara, and the Mother of God).

History
The church was built in 1300 and was consecrated in honor of Saint Mary Magdalene. In 1420 Anna of Brunswick-Lüneburg, the wife of Frederick IV, Duke of Austria, gave all rights to the church to the local hospital, under the condition that a mass in her memory would be served once per year. The mass is still being served. In 1529, in the course of the Reformation, the building was converted into a Protestant church, but in 1532 it became Catholic again, Since 1532, the church has been consecrated in honor of Saint Nicholas.

References

Churches in Aargau
Cultural property of national significance in Aargau
14th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Switzerland


David McMillan (born 14 December 1988) is an Irish former professional footballer who played as a forward for UCD over two spells, St Patrick's Athletic, Sligo Rovers, St Johnstone, Hamilton Academical, Falkirk and Dundalk over two spells. He is currently the League of Ireland's all-time leading scorer in the UEFA Champions League and was joint top-scorer in the 2016–17 UEFA Champions League qualifying phase and play-off round. McMillan has also been named League of Ireland Premier Division Player of the Month on three occasions.

His older brother, Evan is also a footballer and they were teammates at UCD, St Patrick's Athletic and Sligo Rovers. In addition to playing football, McMillan is also a qualified architect.

Club career

Early years
Between 2000 and 2007, McMillan attended Wesley College, Dublin where he studied for his Leaving Cert. As a schoolboy he played for Templeogue United and Mount Merrion Youths. He initially attended UCD games when Templeogue United supplied the club with ballboys. Mount Merrion Youths were effectively UCD's schoolboy team and his brother Evan also played for them.

UCD
Between 2007 and 2010, McMillan attended University College Dublin on a sports scholarship and obtained a degree in architecture.
He also played for University College Dublin A.F.C. at both intervarsity and national level. In 2006 McMillan and his brother Evan began playing for UCD in their Leinster Senior League team. McMillan subsequently progressed through the ranks into the senior team. He made his Premier Division debut during the 2008 season, coming on as a substitute in an away game against Cork City on 26 September. During his time at UCD he helped the club win three Collingwood Cups, two CUFL Premier Division titles, two A Championships and the 2009 League of Ireland First Division title. In the 2008 A Championship final, McMillan and his brother scored the two goals in an extra time win against Bohemians A. McMillan also scored 12 league goals during UCD's successful 2009 First Division season. In May 2010 McMillan was named League of Ireland Premier Division Player of the Month after he enjoyed a prolific run of form. McMillan scored against Dundalk, St Patrick's Athletic and Galway United. He also scored twice in a 6–0 win over Bray Wanderers.

In 2011 McMillan began studying at UCD for his master's degree in architecture. After spells with St Patrick's Athletic and Olympic F.C., McMillan also re-joined UCD A.F.C. midway through the 2012 season. His eight goals in 15 league appearances helped UCD avoid relegation. In 2013, he also helped UCD win the Collingwood Cup for a third time, scoring the only goal in the final against UCC.

St Patrick's Athletic
During the 2011 season McMillan played for St Patrick's Athletic where he once again linked up with his brother Evan. He made 13 league starts but also gained a reputation as a super-sub, adding 14 more appearances from the bench. He also played for St Pat's during their 2011–12 UEFA Europa League campaign, scoring in the second qualifying round against Shakhter Karagandy. On 10 October 2011, McMillan helped St Pat's win the 2011 Leinster Senior Cup, scoring in the final against Bohemians at Dalymount Park.

Olympic
In 2012 while studying for his master's degree in architecture, McMillan spent an Erasmus semester at the University of Queensland. He also played for Olympic F.C., scoring three goals for them in the Brisbane Premier League.

Sligo Rovers
In July 2013 McMillan signed for Sligo Rovers. McMillan scored on his debut for Rovers, a 3–1 defeat to Cork City. This proved to be his only goal in 13 league appearances over the remainder of the 2013 season. He also played for Rovers in their 2013–14 UEFA Champions League games against Molde FK. However having played for UCD in the early rounds, McMillan was cup-tied and he missed out on Rovers successful 2013 FAI Cup campaign.

Dundalk
In December 2013 McMillan signed for Dundalk. During the 2014 season he scored 15 goals and helped Dundalk win a League of Ireland double as the club won both the Premier Division title and the League of Ireland Cup. He also played for Dundalk in their 2014–15 UEFA Europa League campaign. In the 2015 season, McMillan scored 14 times as he helped Dundalk win a second double. This time Dundalk retained the Premier Division title and won the 2015 FAI Cup. In March 2015, after scoring four goals in six league games, McMillan won the League of Ireland Premier Division Player of the Month for a second time. In Dundalk's 2015–16 UEFA Champions League campaign, McMillan scored their only goal as they lost 2–1 on aggregate to BATE Borisov in the second qualifying round.

During Dundalk's 2016–17 UEFA Champions League campaign, McMillan scored three times against Fimleikafélag Hafnarfjarðar in the second qualifying round. In the third qualifying round he scored twice against BATE Borisov. McMillan goals secured a 3–1 aggregate win for Dundalk and guaranteed the club a place in the 2016–17 UEFA Europa League group stage. McMillan also became the League of Ireland's all-time leading scorer in the UEFA Champions League, overtaking Jason Byrne and Glen Crowe. After scoring two hat-tricks against Derry City and Longford Town in the 2016 Premier Division and scoring five goals in the UEFA Champions League, McMillan was named Premier Division Player of the Month for July 2016. McMillan was joint top-scorer in the 2016–17 UEFA Champions League qualifying phase and play-off round with five goals.

While playing for Dundalk, McMillan has also been employed as an architect by O'Brien Finucane Architects, a company based in Dawson Street, Dublin.

St Johnstone
McMillan signed a contract running to the summer of 2020 with Scottish Premiership club St Johnstone in December 2017. He made his debut on 27 January 2018, as a substitute at home to Partick Thistle, however he only lasted 21 minutes before having to go off injured. The hamstring injury he sustained kept him out for nearly three months. On 5 May 2018, McMillan scored his first goal for St Johnstone, in a 5–1 win away at Motherwell.

He moved on loan to Hamilton Academical in January 2019. On 4 September 2019, McMillan joined Falkirk on a season-long loan. McMillan left the Saints in July 2020.

Return to Dundalk
After two years in Scotland, McMillan signed again with Dundalk on 29 July 2020. He scored the winning goal against Inter Club d'Escaldes in the 2020 Europa 2nd qualifying round. Dundalk went on to qualify for the 2020–21 UEFA Europa League group stage and he scored two goals from the penalty spot in Dundalks 4-3 lost against Rapid Vienna at the Allianz Stadion. This equalled Glen Crowe's European record of 11 goals. On 6 December 2020, McMillan scored a hat-trick in the 2020 FAI Cup Final in a 4–2 win over Shamrock Rovers at the Aviva Stadium, becoming the third player ever to achieve the feat. He was part of the starting 11 as his side won the 2021 President's Cup, beating Shamrock Rovers on penalties after a 1–1 draw at Tallaght Stadium on 12 March 2021. He scored in both legs to help defeat Newtown A.F.C. and FCI Levadia Tallinn in the 2021–22 UEFA Europa Conference League qualifying phase and play-off round.

Retirement
On 23 February 2023, McMillan publicly announced his retirement from professional football at the age of 34, stating "I would never have dreamed of coming through and doing the things I did" during his career.

International career
McMillan has represented the Republic of Ireland U23s at international level. On 28 September 2010, in a 2009–11 International Challenge Trophy away game against Estonia, McMillan came on as a late substitute for Daniel Kearns.

Career statistics

Honours

Club
Dundalk
League of Ireland Premier Division: 3
 2014, 2015, 2016
FAI Cup: 2
 2015, 2020
 League of Ireland Cup: 2
2014, 2017
 President's Cup: 1
2021
UCD
 League of Ireland First Division: 1
2009
 A Championship: 2
 2008, 2010
Collingwood Cup: 3
 2009, 2010, 2013
CUFL Premier Division: 2
 2007–08, 2009–10
St Patrick's Athletic
Leinster Senior Cup: 1
 2011

Individual
League of Ireland Premier Division Player of the Month: 3
 May 2010
 March 2015
 July 2016
PFAI Team of the Year: 2
 2016, 2017

References

1988 births
Living people
Association footballers from County Dublin
Republic of Ireland men's association footballers
University College Dublin A.F.C. players
St Patrick's Athletic F.C. players
Sligo Rovers F.C. players
Dundalk F.C. players
League of Ireland players
A Championship players
Leinster Senior League (association football) players
Republic of Ireland men's under-23 international footballers
People educated at Wesley College, Dublin
Alumni of University College Dublin
University of Queensland alumni
Irish architects
Irish expatriates in Australia
Expatriate men's soccer players in Australia
St Johnstone F.C. players
Scottish Professional Football League players
Men's association football forwards
Hamilton Academical F.C. players
Falkirk F.C. players


The Navigator is a Norton motorcycle made from 1960 to 1965, based on the Norton Jubilee 250 cc. Production ceased shortly before the collapse of the parent group Associated Motor Cycles in 1966.

Development
Launched in 1960 at the Earls Court Motorcycle Show the Navigator was a development of the Norton Jubilee. The engine was enlarged in bore (from 60 to 63mm) and stroke (from 44 to 56mm), to give a capacity of 349cc. The cylinders, separate on the Jubilee, were now a single casting to improve oil retention, but the cylinder heads continued to be separate.
Norton Roadholder forks and eight-inch brakes were fitted to replace the Jubilee's lightweight front end. The down tube on the frame was stiffened to improve handling and deal with the power increase to 22bhp.

The top speed was recorded at over , and the factory persuaded Harold Daniell, the Isle of Man TT racer who named the Norton Featherbed frame, to enter a standard Norton Navigator in a race at Silverstone race track where it recorded  on the straight with only minor carburettor modification.

The 1960 model was still aimed at the Jubilee market, with  enclosed rear end. In 1961, optional extras included a handlebar-mounted fairing and screen, as well as large legshields and panniers, giving it the enclosed look popular at the time. Early Navigators came with two-tone paintwork in grey and black for the "De Luxe" and grey and blue for the "Standard" model. From October 1962, the Standard's colour options were changed to black and polychromatic blue, with black seats with white piping.

When Norton production moved to Plumstead in 1963, production of the De Luxe ended, but the Standard model continued with wider front forks and a steering lock, until Navigator production ended in 1965 with the collapse of Norton's parent group, Associated Motor Cycles.

Norton Electra
The Norton Electra was essentially a Norton Navigator bored out to 383cc with an electric start that drove the crankshaft by a chain inside an extended crankcase.  Launched in 1963, the Electra also had upgraded 12v electrics to supply power to the starter, handlebar-end direction indicators and heavyweight rear brake. The bike was instigated by the Berliner Motor Corporation and was the first Norton to be produced at the Plumstead, London Associated Motor Cycles plant. The Electra's unreliable starting, heavy fuel consumption and engine vibration resulted in poor sales. The model was dropped in 1965 after just two years of production.

References

External links
 Norton Navigator review

Navigator
Motorcycles introduced in 1960
Motorcycles powered by straight-twin engines


was a four-member Japanese band. They were signed onto Sony Music Japan's Epic Records Japan record label prior to their breakup in June 2012. The lyrics of each of the band's songs were written by lead vocalist and guitarist Yumi Uchimura.

Band history
The band was formed in October 2004 by Uchimura, while their first live performance took place in December of the same year. In 2007, their debut album, school food is good food, was released. In 2008, both of their songs, "feedback" and "Futari Umi no Soko" were featured as theme songs to the Japanese television drama  Joshidaisei Kaikeishi no Jikenbo, while their mini-album "Riff-rain" was released by Tower Records and sold out in under a week. They also performed in numerous live concerts, including FM802, part of the Minami Wheel 2008 live event, and the J-Wave Live event, part of the Tokyo Real Eyes Live Supernova.

In 2009 they signed onto their first major record label, Sony Music Japan's Epic Records Japan division. Their major label debut is "futuristic imagination", which is the ending theme to the Kenji Kamiyama anime television series Eden of the East, airing on the highly rated noitaminA timeslot on Fuji TV. Amongst their first projects was contributing to Judy and Mary's 15th Anniversary Tribute Album, in which they covered the band's "Brand New Wave Upper Ground" song, with their performance praised by sources such as The Japan Times as having been the highlight of the album and having evoked Judy and Mary's songwriting and musical values.

In 2012 the band announced that it would be going on an indefinite hiatus. The band said the decision came as a result of discussions between the four members.

On June 11, 2012 School Food Punishment announced that they had broken up due to vocalist Yumi Uchimura having left the band.

Following the dissolution of School Food Punishment, Yumi Uchimura, producer Ryo Eguchi and touring guitarist Ritsuo Mitsui joined the band la la larks known as successor of School Food Punishment. In 2016, Masayuki Hasuo and Hideaki Yamasaki had a new singer Annabel and formed the band siraph, too.

Final members
 Yumi Uchimura (born on September 6, 1983, from Chiba)
 lead vocals, guitars, songwriter.
 Founder of the band.
 Favorite musicians： Ringo Shiina, Kuuki Koudan, Spangle call Lilli line
 Masayuki Hasuo (born on February 7, 1983, from Niigata)
 keyboards, organ, electric piano, composer.
 Favorite musicians： Melt-Banana, at.the.drive-in
 Hideaki Yamasaki (born on December 4, 1974, from Tottori Prefecture)
 bass guitar, backing vocals, composer.
 He joined the band in 2008, after scope (he left in 2002) and Watanabe (he left in 2004), etc.
 Favorite musicians： Ringo Shiina, Radwimps, Grapevine
 Osamu Hidai (born on November 24, 1981, from Kanagawa)
drums, composer.
 He joined the band in 2007. At first, he worked at two different bands, this band and Current of air (it Stopped the activity in 2008).
 Favorite musicians： Phish, Misako Odani, Nao Matsuzaki

 Past members
 Atsushi Ueda
 bass guitar. He left the band in 2008.
 Katsuya Katano
 drums. He left the band in 2007.

Discography
All lyrics written by Yumi Uchimura, all music composed by School Food Punishment.

CD singles
futuristic imagination (May 27, 2009) No. 35 with 1st week sales of 4,165
Ending theme to the Fuji Television noitaminA anime television series, Eden of the East.
butterfly swimmer (July 22, 2009) No. 60 with 1st week sales of 1,657
sea-through communication (October 7, 2009) No. 49 with 1st week sales of 1,368
light prayer (December 2, 2009) No. 31 with 1st week sales of 3,044
Main theme for the first Eden of the East film, The King of Eden.
future nova/after laughter (March 10, 2010)
"future nova" is the opening theme and "after laughter" is the ending theme to the second Eden of the East film, Paradise Lost.
RPG (May 11, 2011) No. 20 with 1st week sales of 4,323
Ending theme to the Fuji Television noitaminA anime television series, [C].
How to go (December 7, 2011) No. 18 with 1st week sales of 6,023
Opening theme to the Fuji Television noitaminA anime television series, Un-Go.

Album
amp-reflection (April 14, 2010)
Prog-Roid (July 13, 2011)

Indie singles
feedback/Futari Umi no Soko (released December 10, 2008)
"feedback": Opening theme to the BS-i television drama Joshidaisei Kaikeishi no Jikenbo, 3rd Annual Toho Shinemazu Gakusei Eigaisai image song.
"Futari Umi no Soko": Ending theme to the BS-i television drama Joshidaisei Kaikeishi no Jikenbo.

EP
school food is good food (released April 4, 2007)
CD-extra: Music video to "pool".
pool: Ending theme to the Kansai TV television series Bari-san ver. 2.0.
air feel, color swim (released November 21, 2007)
CD-extra: Music video to "you may crawl"
Riff-rain (released on December 10, 2008, by Tower Records, general release on January 14, 2009)

Collaborations
nextpop (released October 6, 2006)
Featured "pool".
Judy and Mary 15th Anniversary Tribute Album (released March 18, 2009)
Performed cover of "Brand New Wave Upper Ground".

Demo albums
1st Demo (released May 2005)
2nd Demo (released May 2006)

References

External links

Official website
Boundie's website for School Food Punishment
school food punishment at MySpace

Japanese post-rock groups
Sony Music Entertainment Japan artists
Japanese electronic music groups
Musical groups from Tokyo
Musical groups established in 2004
2004 establishments in Japan
Female-fronted musical groups


Chestnut Hill is an 18th-century Federal-style mansion north of Leesburg in Loudoun County, Virginia, United States. Chestnut Hill was a home of Thomson Francis Mason (1785–21 December 1838), a prominent jurist, lawyer, councilman, judge, mayor of Alexandria, and grandson of Founding Father of the United States George Mason. Chestnut Hill was also a home of Mason's son, Dr. John "Frank" Francis Mason (28 August 1828–4 August 1897). It is located at 13263 Chestnut Hill Lane near Leesburg.

History
It is hypothesized that Thomas George constructed a stucco-covered two-story fieldstone dwelling around 1766 prior to his purchase of the Chestnut Hill property. It was this structure that comprises the earliest section of the Chestnut Hill mansion. During the American Revolutionary War, Colonel Josias Clapham purchased  of property on which stood the small Chestnut Hill dwelling. The fieldstone house was further expanded in size under Colonel Clapham's ownership. His son, Samuel Clapham, a representative for Loudoun County in the Virginia General Assembly from 1797 through 1799, acquired the house upon Colonel Clapham's death. Under his ownership, Samuel Clapham doubled the size of the house at Chestnut Hill.

The two-story fieldstone mansion was also considerably enlarged by Clapham's son-in-law, Thomson Francis Mason. Mason's wife Elizabeth Clapham Price Mason, known as Betsey, owned the Chestnut Hill property for 34 years until her death in 1873, although throughout most of her ownership she resided in Alexandria. By the early 1870s, Dr. John "Frank" Francis Mason was owner of Chestnut Hill and also enlarged the mansion. Chestnut Hill, along with the adjacent , is currently for sale. It is believed that an original copy of the Virginia Declaration of Rights was stored at Chestnut Hill during the Mason family's ownership of the estate until it was sold to the National Archives and Records Administration in 1930.

American Civil War
Following Union Army orders to burn Chestnut Hill, the mansion was saved due to the respect the officer in charge of carrying out the orders had for the Mason family name.

Architecture
Chestnut Hill is a two-story Federal-style fieldstone house with interior end chimneys and a central-passage-double-pile-plan fieldstone addition. It is the oldest surviving structure of its kind in the area. The addition of a two-story flat-roofed portico and dormers were among the modifications made by Mr. and Mrs. Coleman C. Gore after they purchased the Chestnut Hill in 1930. The home features eleven fireplaces.

References

Mason family residences
Houses in Loudoun County, Virginia
Houses completed in 1766
Federal architecture in Virginia
Loudoun County in the American Civil War


"Wishology!" is a trilogy of television films serving as the ninth special of the animated television series The Fairly OddParents. The first part of the trilogy, "The Big Beginning", originally aired on the cable network Nickelodeon in the United States on May 1, 2009 (which aired on the 10th anniversary of SpongeBob SquarePants); the second part, "The Exciting Middle Part", aired on May 2; and the last of the three parts, "The Final Ending", aired on May 3. The trilogy was written by Kevin Sullivan, Scott Fellows, and series creator Butch Hartman, who also served as director. According to Nielsen ratings, the first and third parts of the trilogy were viewed by 4 million people, while its second part garnered 3.6 million viewers. Critical reviewers displayed mixed reactions to how three-dimensional objects interact via computer animation with the series' usual two-dimensional artwork in the trilogy. Composer Guy Moon, who has worked throughout the series, won an Annie Award for his music in the first part of the trilogy in 2010.

Wishology! centers on the show's main character, 10-year-old Timmy Turner, his fairy godparents Cosmo and Wanda, and his baby fairy godbrother Poof, all of whom grant Timmy's wishes. Robots known as Eliminators appear in Timmy's hometown, Dimmsdale, to destroy the "chosen one", Timmy himself. Jorgen von Strangle, a non-floating fairy general who uses an oversized wand, takes him to the Cave of Destiny, a cave that contains prophecies for the "chosen one". The cave is located in Fairy World, a place that sits on a cloud in space and is connected to Earth by a rainbow bridge. Jorgen explains a legend inscribed on the cave wall about the ancient fairy warriors who fought Eliminators and their master, a giant black hole called The Darkness. To defeat The Darkness and Eliminators, Timmy must retrieve and use three special wands: the white wand, the wind wand, and the ice wand.

In addition to the main cast, the trilogy features guest performances, most notably, Gary Anthony Sturgis who provides the voice of the Lead Eliminator, later becoming the Destructinator. Gene Simmons and Paul Stanley from the rock band Kiss, who serve as protectors of the white wand. Patrick Warburton provides his voice for the agents of the Military Extraterrestrial Research Facility (abbreviated M.E.R.F.), and Brendan Fraser voices Turbo Thunder, a warrior who believes he is the true chosen one. In addition to its cultural references to various media, Wishology contains parodies of fantasy and science fiction films: The Matrix, The Lord of the Rings, Harry Potter, The Terminator, Men in Black, Back to the Future, and Star Wars.

Plot

Part 1: "The Big Beginning"
Timmy makes a wish to star in his own movie trilogy (In parodies of The Matrix, Lord of the Rings, and Harry Potter despite Harry Potter not being a trilogy). He is interrupted by Jorgen, who takes his fairy godparents away and sends Timmy home. When he gets there, Timmy's parents and school friends do not remember him, and an Eliminator appears after Timmy calls out his own name. In an alley, the Eliminator projects a space vortex through its mouth to inhale Timmy. Jorgen saves him and the two ride off on the fairy motorcycle. The Eliminator is flying in the air, but Jorgen pulls down the thruster, the magic wand is glowing and teleport to Fairy World, it disappears and leaving behind a trail of fire (in a reference to Back to the Future). They arrive at Fairy World. Meanwhile, the fairies are hidden as gumballs inside a truck stop bar by Jorgen. After being blown into a bubble from a kid's mouth, Cosmo takes Wanda and Poof with him as he floats away. The rest of the fairies use Cosmo's method as their escape plan.

At the Cave of Destiny, Jorgen explains to Timmy the cave prophecy, where in ancient times fairy warriors, represented by stars in space, fought and eliminated a cosmic entity known as The Darkness with light. The ancient fairies also hid a powerful white wand, which is to be found and possessed by the chosen one, Timmy Turner. As stars in space disappear and The Darkness approaches, Timmy arrives back on Earth and tracks his godparents down in Las Vegas, where the Middle-Aged Rock Festival (M.A.R.F.) is held. The M.A.R.F. features the rock band Kiss, who reveal to Timmy that they are the galactic protectors of the white wand, which is Ace Frehley's star-shaped guitar. The Darkness and Eliminators arrive at the venue, and the fairies arrive to defeat Eliminators, while Timmy defeats The Darkness with a rock solo performance on the white wand. A celebration follows at Fairy World, where Turbo Thunder, the person who was supposed to be the chosen one (whose description matches Timmy's except as a muscular adult, aside from having the same initials), appears and takes the white wand from Timmy.

Part 2: "The Exciting Middle Part"
Eliminators and The Darkness invade Yugopotamia—a planet that is home to squid-like aliens called Yugopotamians—and steal "fake-i-fiers", belts that allow users to transform into anyone else. Yugopotamian prince Mark Chang goes to Earth. Meanwhile, in Fairyworld, Timmy and Cosmo are watching Timmy Turner's Chosen One movie. Mark arrives and notifies Timmy that The Darkness is back, and the group discovers that there is a second part to the cave prophecy: Timmy must find the wind wand, located at the Blue Moon. Timmy and Mark teleport back to Dimmsdale, only to discover Timmy's parents and friends are now Eliminators in disguise. Because his real parents and friends have been kidnapped by Eliminators, Timmy seeks help from people who hate him: Mr. Crocker, Dark Laser, and Vicky. Setting their differences aside, everyone cooperates and boards Dark Laser's death pod and depart into space (in a spoof of Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope). During their rest stop at planet Frigidarium, the aliens inside the cantina are Eliminators who send Timmy's enemies to the Abracatraz Prison in Fairy World. Turbo Thunder saves Timmy and Mark from the corrupting planet, and the three eventually arrive at the Blue Moon, where the rock guardian effortlessly defeats Turbo Thunder when he tries to take the wind wand by force, and grants it to Timmy, who he dubs as the true chosen one for his compassion and selfless intentions.

Meanwhile, Eliminators incarcerate the fairies at the Abracatraz Prison and put Timmy's friends and family in the same cell with Timmy's godparents and Jorgen. After Poof frees the group and locates the wands, Jorgen takes everyone to the Blue Moon. Timmy's friends, enemies, family, and the fairies defeat Eliminators with a combined magical attack and have a reunion with Timmy, which is interrupted when The Darkness tries to inhale him. The wind wand produces no effect, and Timmy realizes he has no other choice, so he sacrifices himself into The Darkness, but Cosmo tells Timmy that he would totally stand back and saw the so-called the famous scene throws the candy-filled dynamite into the Darkness that he put it inside and creates a massive explosion after sharing a kiss with his long-term crush Trixie, leaving the others to mourn.

Part 3: "The Final Ending"
Timmy wakes up in what looks like his bedroom; in reality he is still inside The Darkness, and the world is merely an illusion to him. Timmy's fairy godparents and Jorgen come to rescue him, and they exit The Darkness successfully. Back on Earth, the Lead Eliminator (having rebelled against the Darkness) uses Jorgen's wand to poof Timmy's friends and family away into The Darkness. Military Extraterrestrial Research Facility (M.E.R.F.) agents launch an array of military weapons at the Eliminator, but he absorbs the ordnance and turns into a more powerful version, the Destructinator. He surrounds the Earth with a steel casing, which transforms the M.E.R.F. agents into his henchmen. They plant explosives inside Earth and give the Destructinator a detonation remote.

Timmy and his fairies return to the Blue Moon via M.E.R.F.'s escape pod to retrieve the wind wand. He finds a weakened Turbo Thunder, who reveals his origins. His homeworld Turbo World was invaded by The Darkness, which subsequently absorbed the planet after the planet's failed attempt to destroy it. He then shows that the wind wand only opens underneath a secret cave, which contains magical wands and the final part of the cave prophecy: to find the ice wand. The group returns to Fairy World with the wands to free the imprisoned fairies before everyone heads back to Earth. The fairies arrive and use their magic to remove the Earth's metal casing. Timmy heads into space with the Destructinator following him; the Destructinator attacks him, which sends him back down to the Earth, at its north polar region. After Timmy tricks the Destructinator into inhaling the explosives, he reveals that he stole the detonator remote from him back in space and uses it to obliterate him.

A polar bear—the guardian of the ice wand—raises the ice wand from beneath the ocean. Everyone urges Timmy to destroy The Darkness, but he refuses. Timmy realizes that every time The Darkness attacks, it's only out of self-defense. Timmy has fairies add an ice wand to each planet of the Solar System. Along with the white wand at Fairy World, the ice wands create a celestial smile that projects its light into The Darkness. The smile transforms it into a bright sun, The Kindness, and Timmy concludes The Darkness was only looking for a friend. The group returns to Dimmsdale, where an Eliminator, dubbed a 'Hug'inator by Cosmo, crashes in front of them and spews out everyone who had been sucked in. Everyone parties in Fairy World and celebrates the chosen one's accomplishment, though Jorgen informs Timmy that he's going to erase his friends, enemies, and family's memories of the events when the party's over. Timmy, having already figured that out, states he's just happy he doesn't have to find any more wands.

Production

Series creator and executive producer Butch Hartman wrote Wishology, along with head writer and executive producer Scott Fellows and writer Kevin Sullivan, who joined the series beginning its fifth season. Gary Conrad, who has directed several episodes of the series since its second season, served as the director for Wishology. Composer Guy Moon, who has worked on the music for The Fairly OddParents since its inception, composed the music. Like all of the previous episodes of the series, Wishology was produced in hand-drawn animation mixed with computer animation by Frederator and Billionfold Studios for Nickelodeon. The production of the trilogy required 18 months to complete, according to Toon Zone's interview with Hartman.

Initial plans were to broadcast Wishology on Nickelodeon for three consecutive Fridays starting on May 1, 2009. In the end, Nickelodeon decided to show the specials from 8:00 to 9:00 pm, Friday to Sunday, May 1–3 and was advertised as "Wishology Weekend." 2 years later, Wishology was released on DVD as a manufacture on demand Amazon exclusive, containing all three parts, on June 3, 2011.

Casting
The cast of Wishology includes all the main characters of The Fairly OddParents. Timmy Turner and Poof are voiced by Tara Strong. Cosmo, Jorgen Von Strangle, and Mr. Turner are voiced by Daran Norris. Wanda and Mrs. Turner are voiced by Susanne Blakeslee. Grey DeLisle voices Timmy's babysitter, Vicky. Dionne Quan voices Trixie Tang. Jason Marsden and Gary Leroi Gray voice Timmy's friends, Chester McBadbat and A.J., respectively. Timmy's school teacher, Mr. Denzel Crocker, who has an obsession with proving that fairies are real, is voiced by Carlos Alazraqui.

The rock band Kiss made a guest appearance in the trilogy. The band plays the role of the galactic guardians of the white wand in "The Big Beginning", and makes a cameo appearance in "The Final Ending". However, only two of the band's four members—Gene Simmons and Paul Stanley—provided voice roles of their Kiss personas, "The Demon" and "The Starchild", respectively. Hartman and Fellows pitched the idea of a rock band in the storyline, where the band guards the white wand that Timmy seeks. The writers originally did not intend to feature Kiss in Wishology. Rather, they initially planned to create the rock band "Smooch", with its members with heart-shaped make-up on their faces, as an allusion to the original Kiss band. Nevertheless, they asked and received permission from Gene Simmons to feature Kiss, drawn as animated two-dimensional figures to blend in with the series' customary appearance. Wishology features a performance of the Kiss song "Rock and Roll All Nite", which is played towards the end of "The Big Beginning", during a concert party at Fairy World.

In addition to the regular cast and Kiss, Wishology features other guest performances. Actor Gary Sturgis guest stars as the Lead Eliminator. Dee Bradley Baker guest stars as the trilogy's central villain, The Darkness. Actor Patrick Warburton guest stars as the M.E.R.F. agents, and Brendan Fraser guest stars as Turbo Thunder. Recurring voice actors Jim Ward, Kevin Michael Richardson, and Rob Paulsen reprise their roles as Dimmsdale news reporter Chet Ubetcha, space villain Dark Laser, and friend of Timmy Turner, Mark Chang, respectively.

Cultural references
At the beginning of the first episode, Wishology includes references from three recent films: The Matrix, The Lord of the Rings, and Harry Potter. During the scene in "The Big Beginning", which features a reference to Back to the Future where Timmy Turner and Jorgen Von Strangle in the fairy motorcycle on a chase with the Eliminators. Throughout Timmy's travel in space with Mark and Timmy's enemies in "The Exciting Middle Part" and during the beginning of "The Final Ending", Wishology focuses its media references on George Lucas' film series Star Wars.  Wishology contains a number of other cultural references. Towards the end of Timmy's rock solo performance at the M.A.R.F., Gene Simmons notes Timmy's long tongue when Timmy licks the guitar, a tribute to Simmons' own long tongue.

Reception
According to Nielsen ratings, Wishology received 4.012 million viewers for "The Big Beginning", about 3.6 million viewers for "The Exciting Middle Part", and 4.071 million viewers for its last night, "The Final Ending". "The Final Ending" and "The Big Beginning" ranked twelfth and thirteenth overall, respectively, on the list of top twenty television shows on the cable network for the week ending May 3, 2009. The Fairly OddParents became the highest-rated cable network series that Friday for "The Big Beginning". However, "The Exciting Middle Part" was topped by the teen sitcom and drama series Jonas, which premiered simultaneously on the Disney Channel. "The Final Ending" ranked in third place for Sunday night. The trilogy's ratings were highest for The Fairly OddParents since its preceding special. Fairly OddBaby, which attained 8.809 million viewers during its premiere and ranked the highest in the top 20 cable network shows for the week ending February 24, 2008. Wishology remains the second-highest rated special in terms of viewership numbers since the premiere of the following special, A Fairly Odd Movie: Grow Up, Timmy Turner!, a live-action adaptation television film of the same series, which attracted 5.8 million viewers in its original airing on July 9, 2011. Composer Guy Moon won an Annie Award for his music in "The Big Beginning" in the "Individual Achievement Category" of "Music in a Television Production" on February 6, 2010.

Wishology received mixed reception from critics. Eileen Cruz of Toon Zone mainly praised it. Specifically, she observes that it "manages to remain largely fresh the entire time for an animated comedy episode over two hours long". Aaron Bynum of The Animation Insider, however, gave a more negative review. He suggested it was only "moderately entertaining", saying it is "just another over-exerted animated epic of an over-extended property." Cruz commented positively on the show's usage of a mix of standard and computer animation; however, she noted the blend between special 3D objects and their surroundings was "not perfect", though "not distracting either". Bynum stated the animated trilogy's usage of computer animation was "rather needless", and its cultural parodies were "tired and forgettable". While he finds "The Final Ending" interesting enough to keep the viewer engaged, he also criticized the series as a whole. He said, "it would appear that the cartoon is no longer an exclusive journey into one child's ever-changing imagination; now, it's just a fanciful what-if". Cruz praised the role of the band Kiss. She cannot think of too many other bands that "could exist in such a universe with such an exaggerated reality". However, she criticized the voice portrayal of Turbo Thunder, finding it to be "entirely unattractive" and "off-putting," and thus "it simply didn't work for me." Bynum, however, had a more positive reaction to the character. He noted Turbo Thunder was "hilariously pretentious and self-serving", and he "ultimately makes the second chapter ["The Exciting Middle Part"] a whole lot better by acting as a frenemy with similar goals."

References

External links

Scripts
Wishology "The Big Beginning" script
Wishology "The Exciting Middle Part" script
Wishology "The Final Ending" script

2009 films
2009 animated films
2009 television films
2000s American animated films
2009 fantasy films
Films about parallel universes
The Fairly OddParents films
2000s children's fantasy films
Cultural depictions of Kiss (band)
American children's animated comedy films
American children's animated fantasy films
Films scored by Guy Moon
Animated films about children


This List of tallest buildings in Wichita ranks high-rises from a starting point of at least  tall, based on standard height measurement. This measurement includes architectural details (such as spires), but this does not include Radio masts and towers. Currently the tallest building in Wichita, Kansas is Epic Center at  completed in 1987.

Tallest buildings

References

Buildings and structures in Wichita, Kansas
Wichita
Tallest in Wichita
19. https://www.penumbrariverwalk.com/
20. https://www.ksn.com/news/local/private-group-announces-proposal-for-1-5-billion-riverfront-project/


Andecha Obrera ("Worker Union") was an Asturian separatist terrorist organization, that, during the 1980s, used explosive devices to support labour struggles, such as the cases at the offices of INEM or the naval conflict in Gijón.

Documented actions
 On February 24, 1983, a Molotov cocktail was thrown at a branch of the Banco Hispanoamericano in the Gijónese neighborhood of L'Arena.
 Months later, on 10 May 1983, Andecha Obrera placed two bombs in two bank offices of Gijón, announcing them with a call to the National Radio of Spain in Asturias. The first bomb exploded in an office of the Banco Hispanoamericano, heavily damaging it. Ten minutes later, the decontamination group of the Civil Guard deactivated another device placed in the main entrance of the Blacksmith Bank. The explosives were in response to labor conflicts involving these companies.

 On 30 November 1983, the group committed an attack against the Royal Astur Yacht Club in Gijón, which they claimed in a call two days later to the regional newspaper . It published also the attack from Navarre on December 2.

 On 1 May 1985, the group renewed its symbolic actions by planting a minor explosive in the commercial headquarters of Coca-Cola in the industrial area of Tremañes, Gijón.

 During the dawn of 22 September 1985, a moderately powerful device was exploded in the area of an employment office of Gijón, near the firework makers of the Civil Guard.

References

Asturian nationalism
Left-wing militant groups in Spain
Terrorism in Spain


The Marching and Cycling Band HHK was a marching band from Haarlem, The Netherlands which existed from 1964 until 2014, started by a fusion in 1964 of two ancestor bands: Kunstkring Apollo and Harmonie Crescendo under the name of Haarlems Harmonie Kapel (HHK). The band had a unique way of performing: marching and cycling, hence the name "Marching and Cycling Band HHK".

The MaC-Band was a band that played music from the pop, musical and film worlds. They exercised weekly.

The band

On average the band had between 20 and 25 performances a year, mostly in the periods April – June and September – October. Most performances were cycling, but marching performances were also executed.

During the winter season there were a few performances and therefore the repertoire was (partially) updated. Also, the music for the marching show of the new season was studied.

From 1995 until 2014, in the beginning of the season a so-called training weekend for the whole association was organised, in addition to practicing for the show that season in a different way.

As of 2009 the band has its own YouTube channel named MaCBandHHK where videos of the performances and other activities are published.

Performing on a bicycle

In 1973 a member of the board, Bram Visser, got the idea to start performing with the marching band on bicycles, just like Dutch military bands had done years before. The first performance of this now well known band took place at the Grote Markt (central market square) during the March of Musicians of 1973. A yearly event that in those days took place in September in the evening. The performance was done on own and borrowed bicycles.

After some hesitation by the rest of the board and due to the enormous success of the performance it was decided to buy 41 bicycles. The bicycle platoon existed for 41 years.

Through this way of making music the band gained fame in the Netherlands and abroad. Since those days the band was requested for many sorts of performances, from serenades to carnaval parades and international musical festivals. Often the band could be found in France, Belgium, Germany and The Netherlands, and also executed performances in England, Switzerland, Sweden and Luxembourg.

History

The HHK was founded in 1964 existing of a harmony orchestra, a marching band and a majorettes squad. At the end of the 1960s it was one of the largest music associations in Europe, with more than 200 members. The drum band started with natural instruments in the key of E-flat and percussion. The music was played on french horns, trumpets and sousaphones. The percussion consists of so-called march and / or snare drums, tenor drums and bass drums.

The harmony orchestra was a complete orchestra, including clarinets, trombones, trumpets and[french horns. Each year the association gave a concert in the Concert Hall of Haarlem. Most of the evening was filled with music played by the harmony, but the drum band and the majorettes also gave a performance. Usually, the evening ended with a joint work, played by the harmony and drum band together.

In October 2010, a youth department started, named Music-Kids, and in 2012 the visual group with majorettes and twirls was extended with a colorguard group.

Special appearances

During the existence of the Marching and Cycling Band HHK there a number of specific actions were performed, including:
2014: Short occurrence in the Dutch movie Pak van mijn Hart (recorded in 2013)
2012: Participated in the RTL4 sketch comedy 'Wat als?' (What If?)
2010: A special liberation item during Tattoo Delft
2010: Opening of the Tour de France in Rotterdam
2007: Opening of the European Championship of wheelchair basketball in Wetzlar, Germany
2004: 40-year anniversary with a performance on the water cycles during the Haarlem Sailing Days
2003: Opening of the A5 motorway (Netherlands) (on the bicycle)
2002: Presentation of the new uniforms during the March of the Musicians
2001: First prize won by sending a report for the program Malende zaken of TV Noord-Holland
1998: The RTL4-program Ga Toch Fietsen ("Go cycling") broadcast a report about the performance of the Marching and Cycling Band HHK during the Flower Parade on Saturday April 25.
1994: Opening of the Tour de France in Lille
1991: TV commercial for the Dutch National Trust
1989: Guest performance on the French television show Dimanche Martin

External links
The official website of the Marching and Cycling Band

References

Marching bands
Dutch musical groups
Musical groups established in 1964


Silver Moon was the third single Michael Nesmith recorded as a solo artist and the second to reach the Billboard Hot 100.  Silver Moon was released in 1970 from Nesmith's second solo album, Loose Salute.
Nesmith recorded the song with The First National Band and the song reached number 42 on the Top 100 and number seven on the Adult Contemporary charts.  The track features a pedal steel guitar solo played by O.J. "Red" Rhodes. The song also went to number 13 in Canada and number seven in the Netherlands.

Background
Although Nesmith released several singles following "Silver Moon", "Silver Moon" was his last song to reach a notable status on the charts.  On the B-side of "Silver Moon", the track "Lady of the Valley" appears. The now highly collectable quadraphonic 8-track tape release of Loose Salute (1970) features an extended version of "Silver Moon". It is a full-length rendition of the song with a cold ending.

Similar to Nesmith's earlier single, "Joanne", Nesmith included "Silver Moon" on his regular set of solo concert tours, and the song appears on all three of his live albums: Live At The Palais, Live at the Britt Festival and Movies of the Mind.

Charts

Personnel
 Michael Nesmith – vocals & rhythm guitar
 John London – bass
 John Ware – drums
 O.J. "Red" Rhodes – pedal steel guitar
 Glen D. Hardin  – piano

References

1970 singles
Songs written by Michael Nesmith
Country rock songs
RCA Victor singles


MCA Airlines was a scheduled airline based in Stockholm, Sweden. It declared bankruptcy on November 11, 2009.

In 2009, MCA Airlines took over Air Express Sweden.

Destinations
MCA Airlines operated the following services (as of September 2009):

Cyprus
Larnaca (Larnaca International Airport)
Greece
Athens (Athens International Airport) [seasonal]
Thessaloniki (Thessaloniki International Airport, "Macedonia") [seasonal]
Iraq
Basra (Basra International Airport)
Erbil (Erbil International Airport)
Sulaymaniyah (Sulaimaniyah International Airport)
Lebanon
Beirut (Beirut Rafic Hariri International Airport)
Netherlands
Amsterdam (Amsterdam Airport Schiphol)
Norway
Oslo (Oslo Airport, Gardermoen)
Serbia
Niš (Niš Constantine the Great Airport) [planned to start December 14, 2009]
Sweden
Gothenburg (Göteborg Landvetter Airport)
Malmö (Malmö Airport)
Stockholm (Stockholm-Arlanda Airport)

Fleet

The MCA Airlines fleet included the following aircraft (as of June 2009):

1 Fokker 100
1 Airbus A320-200 (which is operated by SmartLynx Airlines)
2 Saab 2000

See also
 Airlines
 Transport in Sweden

Notes

External links

MCA Airlines

Defunct airlines of Sweden
Airlines established in 2008
Airlines disestablished in 2009

sv:MCA Airlines


Arthur Eckersley Butterworth,  (4 August 1923 – 20 November 2014) was an English composer, conductor, trumpeter and teacher.

Biography

Early life and education
Butterworth was born in New Moston, near Manchester. His father was secretary of the local church choir. His mother played the piano and Butterworth himself sang in the choir. For the entrance fee of sixpence, young Butterworth attended Hallé concerts and volunteered for the village brass band who allocated him the trombone. While still a teenager he played with the noted band at Besses o' th' Barn and started taking conducting lessons. While playing with the band, he caught his trombone in tram tracks and, discouraged by the accident, changed to the trumpet.

His music teacher at North Manchester Grammar School, Percy Penrose, gave him much encouragement but his parents and headmaster tried to dissuade him from a full-time career. Five years in the wartime Army gave him little scope for music-making but Butterworth more than made up for it afterwards. In 1939, however, he won the Alexander Owen Scholarship for young brass players and had his first work played in public by the Wingates Band conducted by Granville Bantock. Butterworth had no idea at the time how famous Bantock was, nor that he was a friend of Sibelius whom he revered! Nevertheless, the great man said kindly “If you try hard enough, maybe one day you’ll grow up to be a proper composer.” At the Royal Manchester College of Music (now the Royal Northern College of Music), Butterworth studied composition with Richard Hall and also learned the trumpet and conducting. He studied composition with Ralph Vaughan Williams after writing to the composer in 1950, requesting lessons. He served as a trumpeter in the Scottish National Orchestra (now the Royal Scottish National Orchestra) from 1949–55 and in the Hallé from 1955–62; he also played as a freelance until 1963. In that year he began to teach at the Huddersfield School of Music, an activity which he combined with composing and conducting (he was for many years principal conductor of the Huddersfield Philharmonic Orchestra). He was made an MBE in 1995. He was unrelated to the composer George Butterworth (1885–1916).

Work
His works include seven symphonies, eight concertos, several other large orchestral scores and a considerable amount of 'serious' music for brass (almost totally neglected by the brass band movement). In the summer of 2008 Butterworth returned to the Royal Scottish National Orchestra to conduct a recording of his Fourth Symphony (1986) and his Viola Concerto (1988) with the English viola player, Sarah-Jane Bradley. The Sixth Symphony had its première in Saint Petersburg by St Petersburg State Capella Orchestra on 15 November 2009.

A selection of Arthur Butterworth's orchestral and chamber works have been released on the Dutton Epoch Label. The Viola Concerto and the Fourth and Fifth Symphonies are all performed by the Royal Scottish National Orchestra under the composer's baton. One of the releases also includes Barbirolli's 1958 mono recording of Butterworth's First Symphony, along with a series of reminiscences by the composer. A CD of Piano Trios is also available.

Personal life
He was married to Diana Butterworth, until her death in February 2013. He died at Embsay.

Selected works
Orchestral
 Suite for string orchestra, Op. 8 (1948)
 Sinfonietta, Op. 9 (1949)
 Legend, Tone Poem from Derbyshire M. for small orchestra, Op. 11 (1950)
 Symphony No. 1, Op. 15 (1957)
 The Path across the Moors, Op. 17 (1959); also for brass band
 Three Nocturnes: Northern Summer Nights, Op. 18 (1958)
 The Quiet Tarn (Malham), Op. 21 (1960)
 The Green Wind (Le vent vert), Op. 22 (1960)
 A Dales Suite (Embsay), Op. 24b (1981); also for brass band
 Symphony No. 2, Op. 25 (1964)
 The Moors, Suite for large orchestra and organ, Op. 26 (1962)
 Italian Journey (Roma; Ravello, Rimini), Op. 34 (1966)
 From the Four Winds (Horologion Andronicus) for large orchestra and organ, Op. 40 (1971)
 Gigues, Scherzo, Op. 42 (1969)
 Symphony No. 3 Sinfonia Borealis, Op. 52 (1979)
 Pageantry, Op. 48 (1973)
 September Morn, Symphonic Study, Op. 62 (1983)
 Nex Vulpinus (The Fox) for string orchestra, Op. 63 (1981)
 Beowulf for string orchestra, Op. 68 (1982)
 Symphony No. 4, Op. 72 (1986)
 Northern Light, Symphonic Study, Op. 88 (1991)
 Solent Forts, Concert Overture, Op. 90 (1992)
 Mancunians for large orchestra and brass band, Op. 96 (1995)
 Ragnarök, Concert Overture, Op. 97 (1995)
 Symphony No. 5, Op. 115 (2001–2002)
 Mill Town, Op. 116 (2003)
 Symphony No. 6, Op. 124
 Capriccio Pastorale for small orchestra, Op. 125
 Coruscations, Op. 127 (2007)
 Entre chien et loup, Op. 130
 Scherzo for small orchestra, Op. 131
 Grey Moorland, Concert March, Op. 134
 Symphony No. 7, Op. 140 (2011)

Brass band
 The Path across the Moors for brass band, Op. 17b (1964); original version for orchestra
 A Dales Suite (Embsay) for brass band, Op. 24a (1965); also for orchestra
 Three Impressions, Scenes from 19th Century Northumberland for brass, Op. 36 (1968)
 Ballad for brass band, Op. 39 (1962)
 Blenheim, Heroic Overture for brass band, Op. 43 (1972)
 St. Gertrude for brass band, Op. 44 (1969)
 Revelation, Concert March for brass band, Op. 45 (1966)
 Caliban, Scherzo malèvolo for brass band, Op. 50 (1978)
 Nightflight, Symphonic Study for brass band, Op. 57 (1973)
 Winter Music for brass band, Op. 71 (1978)
 Odin, from the Land of Fire and Ice for brass band, Op. 76 (1986)
 Sinfonia for Brass: Maoriana for brass band, Op. 85 (1990)
 Paean for brass band, Op. 86 (1990)
 Passacaglia on a Theme of Brahms for brass band, Op. 87 (1991)
 Suivez la raison, Concert March for brass band and organ, Op. 92 (1993)

Wind Band
 Mancunian Way for wind band, Op. 66 (1985)
 Winter Music for wind band, Op. 71 (1978)
 Tundra, Boreal Suite for large wind band, Op. 75 (1979)

Concertante
 Concertante for 2 oboes, 2 horns and string orchestra, Op. 27 (1962)
 Concerto for organ, string orchestra and percussion, Op. 33 (1973)
 Duo concertante for oboe, harpsichord and strings, Op. 35 (1967)
 Concerto for violin and orchestra, Op. 58 (1978)
 Summer Music, Concerto for bassoon and orchestra, Op. 77 (1985)
 Scherzo and Canzona for bass trombone and brass band, Op. 80 (1984)
 Concerto for viola and orchestra, Op. 82 (1988–1992)
 Concerto alla Veneziana for trumpet and brass band (or orchestra), Op. 93 (1992)
 Concerto for cello and orchestra, Op. 98 (1997)
 Guitar Concerto, Op. 109 (2000)
 Sinfonia Concertante for euphonium, baritone and brass, Op. 111 (2001)
 Gog and Magog for double bass and string ensemble, Op. 118
 Capriccio for violin and Orchestra, Op. 139

Chamber music
 Sonata for oboe and piano, Op. 5 (1947)
 Trio for oboe, clarinet and bassoon, Op. 6 (1947)
 Modal Suite for flute, clarinet, bassoon, trumpet, violin, viola and cello, Op. 7 (1947)
 Romanza for horn and string quartet with double bass ad libitum (or piano), Op. 12 (1951)
 Suite for viola and cello, Op. 13 (1951)
 Sextet for flute, oboe, clarinet, horn, bassoon and piano, Op. 16 (1957)
 Scherzo for brass quartet, Op. 19 (1956)
 Three Dialogues for 2 treble instruments, Op. 20 (1962)
 Trio cornet, tenor-horn, trombone, Op. 28 (1962)
 A Triton Suite for 3 trumpets, 3 trombones and tuba, Op. 46 (1972)
 Sonata for double bass and piano, Op. 47 (1970)
 Berceuse for oboe and piano, Op. 51 (1971)
 Aubade for flute and piano, Op. 53 (1973)
 Fanfare and Berceuse for trumpet and piano, Op. 54 (1975)
 Ludwigstanz, Recreation for 6 clarinets, Op. 56 (1975)
 A Gabriel Sonata for trumpet and organ, Op. 59 (1976)
 Flamboyance for trumpet (or cornet) and piano, Op. 64 (1977)
 Leprechauns for 2 oboes and cor anglais, Op. 67 (1978)
 Héjnal for trumpet and piano, Op. 69 (1979)
 Piano Trio No. 1, Op. 73 (1983)
 Sonatina for violin and piano, Op. 74 (1979)
 Sonata for viola and piano, Op. 78 (1986); premiered by Cecil Aronowitz and Terence Weil
 Three Night Pieces for trumpet and piano, Op. 81 (1987)
 Partita for euphonium and piano, Op. 89 (1991)
 Quartet for brass instruments, Op. 91 (1992)
 Piano Quintet, Symphonic Variations for piano and string quartet, Op. 95 (1995, revised 1998)
 Wedding Music for trumpet and organ, Op. 99 (1996)
 String Quartet, Op. 100 (1997, revised 2011)
 Morris Dancers for 4 horns, Op. 101 (1997)
 Actaeon's Ride for woodwind and brass ensemble, Op. 102 (1997, revised 1998); commissioned for, and premiered by the Mayfield Wind Sinfonia, Sheffield.
 Bubu for English horn, viola and harp, Op. 107 (1999)
 Pastorale for viola and piano, Op. 112 (2002)
 The Sands of Dee for double bass and piano, Op. 117
 Three Lyric Pieces for tuba (or cello, or double bass) and piano, Op. 119 (2003)
 Piano Trio No. 2, Op. 121 (2004)
 Undiné for flute and piano, Op. 128
 Sonata for bass oboe (or heckelphone) and piano, Op. 132
 Soliloquy for cello and piano, Op. 136

Carillon
 Kendal Clock (Tinnitis Aurium Kendaliensis 1189–1989) for carillon, Op. 84 (1989)

Organ
 Partita on a German Chorale, Op. 2 (1947)
 Organ Sonata, Op. 106 (1998)

Piano
 Lakeland Summer Nights, Op. 10 (1949)
 Five Caprices, Op. 23 (1960)
 Schubert Variations, Op. 114

Vocal
 Now on Land and Sea descending for contralto and orchestra, Op. 1 (1947)
 Three German Folk Songs for tenor and piano, Op. 3 (1947)
 Four Nocturnal Songs for soprano and piano, Op. 4 (1948)
 The Night Wind for soprano, clarinet and piano (or orchestra), Op. 38 (1969)
 Ancient Sorceries for countertenor, recorder and harpsichord, Op. 49 (1975)
 The Great Frost for narrator and orchestra, Op. 94 (1993)

Choral
 A Moorland Symphony for bass solo, chorus and orchestra, Op. 32 (1967)
 Trains in the Distance for speaker, tape, chorus and orchestra, Op. 41 (1971)
 Five Part Songs for male chorus and piano, Op. 55 (1978)
 Hunter's Moon, 3 Songs for male voices and piano, Op. 60 (1979)
 The Owl and the Pussy Cat for chorus, brass band and jazz group, Op. 61 (1979)
 Haworth Moor, 3 Songs for chorus and piano, Op. 110 (2000)

References

External links
 Arthur Butterworth: List of Works
 King Arthur: Arthur Butterworth at 85
 Arthur Butterworth writes – a regular column
 A biographical sketch by Peter Worsley

1923 births
2014 deaths
Brass band composers
English composers
English trumpeters
Male trumpeters
Musicians from Manchester
Members of the Order of the British Empire
Alumni of the Royal Northern College of Music
British Army personnel of World War II


Lemuel Smith may refer to:
Lemuel Smith (born 1941), serial killer
Lemuel F. Smith (1890–1956), Virginia lawyer and judge
Lemuel Smith (cricketer) (1880–1927), English cricketer


"Somebody's Hero" is a song co-written and recorded by Australian country music artist Jamie O'Neal.  It was released in April 2005 as the second single from her album Brave.  It peaked at number 3 on the Hot Country Songs chart, giving O'Neal her sixth Top 40 country hit, and her third top ten hit.  The song was written by O'Neal, Ed Hill and Shaye Smith.

Background and writing
According to the rear cover of the CD single, O'Neal said, "I had been saying to all my co-writers, 'I really want to write about family. I really want to write about my little girl.' The Thing for me was, when you have a baby you start thinking about your own relationship with your mother, and when you were little, how much you looked up to her. Then you move to, 'Gosh, my baby looks up to me so much. I don't want to let her down. I want to be a hero to her.' Then you start thinking it's not just your mother, but about the other generations of women. My grandmother-I was close to her before she passed away. I think this song is a real tribute to the women in my life."

Music video
This video was directed by Trey Fanjoy, who also directed her videos for "When I Think About Angels," and "Like A Woman." O'Neal's daughter made a cameo appearance in the clip. For each character, they used different people to show the mother, and daughter at different ages.

Chart performance
"Somebody's Hero" debuted at number 49 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs for the week of April 1, 2005.

Year-end charts

References

2005 singles
Jamie O'Neal songs
Music videos directed by Trey Fanjoy
Song recordings produced by Keith Stegall
Capitol Records Nashville singles
Songs written by Jamie O'Neal
Songs written by Ed Hill
Songs written by Shaye Smith
2004 songs


Amarkant (1925 – 17 February 2014) was an Indian writer of Hindi literature. His novel Inhin Hathiyaron Se earned him the Sahitya Akademi Award in 2007, and Vyas Samman in year 2009. He was awarded Jnanpith Award for the year 2009. Amarkant is considered one of the prominent writers of the story writing tradition of Premchand but certainly is credited to add something better in that tradition by his own individuality.

Personal life
Amarkant was born in 1925 in Ballia district of Uttar Pradesh. He took active part in the Quit India Movement of 1942 which caused him to abandon his studies for a few years. He completed his graduation from Allahabad University and pursued a career in journalist with local Hindi newspapers. In late 2000s, the octogenarian Amarkant was fighting against penury.

He died at the age of 89 on 17 February 2014. He had two sons and a daughter.

Literary works

Amarkant is best known for his short stories although he also published six novels. His short stories, such as Deputy Collectory, Dopahar ka Bhojan (The Lunch), Zindagi aur Jonk (Life and the Leech) and Hatyaare (The Assassins), are considered milestones in post-Independence fiction. He started writing in a period when the Nai Kahani (New Story) movement was heralding a big thematic and structural shift, and almost overshadowed the tradition of Premchand which used to be the mainstream fiction in Hindi. This movement focussed more on urban settings, individual characteristics, man-woman relationships, and so on, in place of people in villages and small towns. The scene was dominated by authors such as Mohan Rakesh, Kamaleshwar and Rajendra Yadav, aggressive advocates of the movement as a new metaphor for and of modern society.

Amarkant was one of the few writers who stuck to the ‘social realistic' tradition of Premchand. Literary critics like Dr Vishwanath Tripathi consider his short stories to be in the lineage of Premchand's later works, particularly his masterpiece Qafan (The Shroud), which is a compactly crafted tale of a Dalit family. The portrayal of Siddheshwari Devi in Dopahar ka Bhojan, Babu Sakaldip Singh in Deputy Collectory and Rajua in Zindagi aur Jonk are intricate and remarkable. For instance, Siddheshwari Devi in Dopahar ka Bhojan distributes a very limited quantity of food amongst her retrenched husband and unemployed children so that nobody feels half-fed, but in the end when nothing but half a roti is left for her, she cries silently. The beauty of Amarkant's writing lies in its simplicity, which the critic Pranaya Krishna described as "the most difficult pursuit". Amarkant goes deep into the sociology as well as the psychology of his characters without any cathartic drama and turns them into authentic representatives of our social margins.

Urban brutalities
His short stories of the later period mark a shift to urban brutalities. In Hatyaare, he describes two young bullies who boast to each other about being close to leaders such as Jawaharlal Nehru and John F. Kennedy, about refusing the offer of the prime minister's post, and about being presidents. They sexually exploit a poor woman, deprive her of her wages and, while running away, knife to death a man chasing them. It is a dark and cruel world profiled in a tense, mocking language.
During a drinking bout, one of the bullies says: “Wretch! You're a coward! I was thinking that when I become Prime Minister, I'd make you the President of the Society for the Prevention of Corruption and the Society for the Abolition of Casteism. But if you can't drink this much, then how are you going to take bribes from officials? How will you make forgeries? How will you tell lies? How then are you going to serve the country, scum?”
Amarkant's own life has been full of struggles. At a time when a journalist's job was not a lucrative one, he worked most of his life in that profession with various newspapers, literary periodicals, and news magazines published by Mitra Prakashan in Allahabad.
Born in Balia on 1 July 1925, he was, as a 17-year-old student, attracted to the Quit India movement headed by stalwarts such as Acharya Narendra Dev, Ram Manohar Lohia and Jayaprakash Narayan. Gandhiji's “Do or Die” call had a historic impact on Balia, along with Satara in Maharashtra and Medinipur in West Bengal. An independent government was formed for 10 days in Balia and non-violent revolutionaries took over police stations and tehsils and freed prisoners from the jail. Later, in 2003, this history surfaced in Amarkant's voluminous novel Inheen Hathiyaron Se (With These Weapons Alone), which focusses on the people rather than the leaders involved in the movement. One of the characters in the novel says: “Call it Gandhi storm, old dame storm or mega storm, it is a well-known storm in human history. Yes, this is the oldest storm. It repeats itself wherever there is slavery, atrocity, injustice, and dictatorship.”
Amarkant's other notable novels include Kaale Ujale Din, Sukhjeevee and Sunaar Pande ki Patohu.

References

1925 births
2014 deaths
Writers from Uttar Pradesh
Hindi-language writers from India
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Hindi
People from Ballia district
Recipients of the Jnanpith Award
20th-century Indian novelists
21st-century Indian novelists
20th-century Indian short story writers
21st-century Indian short story writers

External links
 Stories in Hindi by Amarkant


Graeme "Dreams" Wilkinson (born 31 March 1938) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Melbourne and Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

As a forward or ruckman, Wilkinson spent two seasons at Richmond after failing to make his mark with Melbourne. His 21 goals in the 1960 VFL season was enough to top Richmond's goal-kicking.

The next phase of his career took place in the Northern Tasmanian Football Association (NTFA) where he played with City-South. He made a total of 204 NTFA appearances for City-South and was their 'best and fairest' winner in 1968. As captain-coach during the 1960s, Wilkinson steered his club to premierships in 1962 and 1966 as well as a win over Hobart in the 1966 Tasmanian State Grand Final at York Park. Wilkinson represented Tasmania at the 1966 Hobart Carnival, amongst his six interstate games.

After retiring, Wilkinson was a commentator on ABC radio for the NTFA and Statewide League. He has also served the NTFL as an administrator.

Inducted into the Tasmanian Football Hall of Fame in 2007, Wilkinson has also been honoured as the captain of the official City-South 'Team of the Century'.

References

Holmesby, Russell and Main, Jim (2007). The Encyclopedia of AFL Footballers. 7th ed. Melbourne: Bas Publishing.

1938 births
Living people
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (state)
Melbourne Football Club players
Richmond Football Club players
City-South Football Club players
City-South Football Club coaches
Tasmanian Football Hall of Fame inductees


USS West Point has been the name of more than one United States Navy ship, and may refer to:

 , a cargo ship in commission from 1918 to 1919
 , a troop transport in commission from 1941 to 1946

United States Navy ship names


Richard Lowell Blevins is a poet writing in the tradition of Ezra Pound, H.D., and Robert Duncan, an editor of the Charles Olson-Robert Creeley correspondence, and an award-winning teacher.  He was born in Wadsworth, Ohio, in 1950.  His undergraduate career was halved by the May 4, 1970, Kent State shootings.  He was declared a conscientious objector during the Vietnam War.  At Kent State, he studied poetry and the imagination with Duncan and literature of the American West with Edward Dorn.  But he has often said that Cleveland book dealer James Lowell was his most formative early influence.  He holds degrees from Kent State University (General Studies, 1973), the University of Oregon (MA, English literature, 1976), and the University of Pittsburgh (Ph.D., English literature, 1985; dissertation on the western novels of Will Henry.  He has taught literature and poetry writing at the University of Pittsburgh at Greensburg since 1978, also serving as Humanities Chair for nine years.  He is a winner of a Chancellor’s Award, in 1999, the university’s highest recognition for teaching.  He previously taught at the University of Akron and Kent State.

Background and narrative
Blevins’ first national publication was in Richard Grossinger’s Io.  He has published four books of poetry, three since 2000. Three Sleeps:  A Historomance (1992) announced the poet as what Olson called an ‘istorin, or one who sees for himself.  Its trip reports from the American West include poems written during field work for his dissertation.  Fogbow Bridge:  Selected Poems, 1972-1999 (2000) makes available all the material that the poet, at 50, wished to claim. Herman Melville is the presiding spirit, from the title through a central poem, “Clarel’s Motel,” of this collection.  His two latest books are exercises in the long poem and meant to extend the poet’s range from history into studies in music and photography.  Castle Tubin (2006) features meditations on Shostakovitch’s “Preludes and Fugues” and the symphonies of Eduard Tubin.  Captivity Narratives (2008) pairs long poems on the lost careers of photographer Fred Holland Day and pre-Imagist Adelaide Crapsey.

Blevins’ scholarly writing is highlighted by volumes 9 and 10 of Charles Olson & Robert Creeley:  The Complete Correspondence, for Black Sparrow Press.  His edition of George F. Butterick’s Complete Poems includes a Preface by Creeley.  He has written a dozen articles (on Duncan, Allen Ginsberg, George Oppen, Penelope Fitzgerald, Louis Zukofsky, Kenneth Patchen, Paul Blackburn, Robert Kelly, among others) for encyclopedias (DLB, Encyclopedia of American Literature, Encyclopedia of World Literature, and The Ezra Pound Encyclopedia), and many essays and reviews for journals, especially Sagetrieb.  He has given talks and professional papers on Pound, Creeley, William Carlos Williams, H.D., Robert Graves, Dorn, Joel Oppenheimer, and Kenneth Rexroth.  He was, from 1980 to 1988, editor and co-publisher, with Bill Shields, of Zelot Press.  Among its 70 titles are books and chapbooks by Butterick, Kenneth Irby, Donald Byrd, Fielding Dawson, and Douglas Woolf.  Oppenheimer’s chapbook, the uses of adversity, was reprinted in a New Directions anthology. Blevins’ has been acknowledged as one of the most underrated poets and hasn't been recognized for his astonishing work in the early twenty-first century. Blevins’ also shares the same name as popular Fotnite steamer Ninja.

Blevins’ literary archive is housed at Kent State.  Some of his correspondence is in special collections at the University of Connecticut, SUNY-Buffalo, UC-San Diego, and UCLA.

His wife Martha J. Koehler is the author of Models of Reading (Bucknell, 2005), a critique of the eighteenth-century epistolary novel.  They live in western Pennsylvania with their two daughters, Mathilda and Doris.

Publications
Bertholf, Robert J.  Remembering Joel Oppenheimer (Jersey City:  Talisman House, 2006), pp. 91–105.
Blevins, Richard. "’The Single Intelligence’:  The Formation of Robert Creeley’s Epistemology", Poetics Journal, 9 (June 1991):  144-148.
"From the Muddle Out: Chaos Theory and Some Poems by Joel Oppenheimer", Talisman, 20 (Winter 1999): 60-68.
"'An Appetite for Moving': Notes from Robert Duncan's Seminar at Kent State, 1972," Talisman, 11 (Fall 1993): 215-225.
"Robert Kelly" DLB, vol. 130 (Detroit: Gale, 1993), pp. 207–216.
"Douglas Woolf" DLB, vol. 244 (Detroit: Gale, 2001), pp. 307–314.

Critical pieces on Blevins' work:

Temes, Peter. Preface, Castle Tubin (Norwood, Mass: Press One, 2006), pp.vii-viii.
Dorn, Edward. Introduction, Three Sleeps (Bedford, NH: Igneus, 1991), pp. 3–4.
Ellis, Stephen. "Down And Out, Yet Equally Up, Over And Across: The Antithetical Physics of Rich Blevins' Fogbow Bridge." Fogbow Bridge (Columbus, Ohio: Pavement Saw, 2000), pp. [3-24].

References

External links
Richard Blevins Captivity Narratives page at Spuyten Duyvil Press
Literary Archive at Kent State
Jeanne Somer's article on Zelot Press
Blevins' article on Dorn and Melville, "Recasting Melville: The Confidence-Man and Clarel in Ed Dorn's Gunslinger", Melville Society Extracts, 77 (1989): 15-16 ]
Black Sparrow Olson-Creeley Correspondence
Fogbow Bridge at Pavement Saw

American male poets
Kent State University alumni
Kent State University faculty
University of Akron faculty
University of Oregon alumni
University of Pittsburgh alumni
Living people
1950 births


The West Bloomfield Township Public Library is located in West Bloomfield, Michigan,  northwest of Detroit.  The library system consists of the Main Branch and the Westacres Branch and serves the communities of West Bloomfield Township, and the cities of Keego Harbor, Orchard Lake and Sylvan Lake.  West Bloomfield was ranked on Hennen’s American Public Library Ratings Index of top public libraries in 2005 and 2008 and has overall 150 employees. The West Bloomfield Township Public Library has been named one of 10 recipients of the 2010 National Medal for Museum and Library Service, the United States of America's highest honor for museums and libraries. The annual award, made by the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) since 1994, recognizes institutions (5 libraries and 5 museums) for outstanding social, educational, environmental, or economic contributions to their communities.

History

Main library

Early years

The library system of West Bloomfield has grown as the community has grown.  A library was first formed in West Bloomfield in 1934, when 38 members of the Keego-Cass Women’s Club gathered books and placed them in a room in their clubhouse.  From 1939 to 1947, the library was located in the balcony and then the basement of Town Hall.  When the library outgrew the Town Hall spaces, it re-located to a room in the Keego Harbor Community Center.

The West Bloomfield School System purchased the community center in 1950 and allowed the library to stay for free.  When the school system vacated the building in 1954, the library was allowed to stay, but once again, by 1957 the library needed more space and moved to Keego Harbor Standard School Building.

Orchard Lake Rd. location

When Keego Harbor became a city in 1955 and the library needed additional space, it was decided that a library needed to be built in West Bloomfield.  In 1963, a  library opened on Orchard Lake Road.  This facility contained enough space for 50,000 books and a meeting room.

Walnut Lake location

In 1984, a new Main Library location was constructed adjacent to Walnut Lake Rd. next to the West Bloomfield Town Hall and Police Station.  The new location offered more space, , which increased to 25,000 square feet in 1988 during the second phase of the project.  The library’s collection at this point was approximately 90,000 books and 75,000 non-book items.  In 1994, the library began offering the Internet to patrons in the library as well as dial-up service to patrons at home, offering classes to patrons in order to familiarize them with the service.

With the growing popularity of the Internet and a community desire for increased resources, a library millage was placed on the ballot and was passed in September 1997 to renovate and expand both branches.  Construction on the Main Library began in the fall of 1998, and the library reopened on May 21, 2000.  Some of the features of the new building were an expanded youth area, a youth activity center, meeting room, a dedicated computer lab, conference room, individual and group study rooms, 90 computers throughout the building, a magazine area with fireplace, reading terrace, and added shelving for the growing collection.

Westacres Branch

The Westacres Branch of the West Bloomfield Township Public Library is located in the Westacres subdivision in the northwest part of the township.  The first library in the Westacres area began in 1938, when members of the Westacres Reading Club  gathered books and set up a library in the upper floor of a clubhouse located in the community.  In 1940, due to the popularity of the library, the township took over management and funding, and usage continued to rise.  This prompted the township to purchase, renovate and move the library to the former Westacres co-op building on February 8, 1966.  This  location served the community until remodeling was once again needed to meet community demand.

In 1985, the Westacres Branch was increased to approximately .  This new facility featured an activity room for children, videocassettes for circulation, and once the Internet became an essential resource for libraries to offer, Internet computers were installed.

As part of the millage approved in September 1997, the Westacres Branch was also renovated.  Renovation and expansion of the Westacres Branch began in the spring of 2000.  The building was increased in size to   Some of the features added to this new facility were an enlarged youth room, a youth activity center, 20 computers, 13 stand-up library catalog stations spread throughout the building, a reading terrace, comfortable seating, a fireplace in the magazine area and increased shelving for more materials.

References

External links
 West Bloomfield Township Public Library
 West Bloomfield Township Public Library Catalog

Library buildings completed in 1963
Library buildings completed in 1984
Education in Oakland County, Michigan
Public libraries in Michigan
Buildings and structures in Oakland County, Michigan


Nicholas Suban (born 9 May 1990) is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played for the Fremantle Football Club in the Australian Football League.

Originally from Bacchus Marsh, Victoria and of Slovenian origin, Suban captained both the North Ballarat Rebels in the TAC Cup and Victoria Country in the 2008 AFL Under 18 Championships.  He was named in both the Under 18 All-Australian Team and the TAC Cup Team of the Year in both 2007 and 2008. Suban was drafted by Fremantle with the 24th selection in the 2008 AFL Draft.

Suban is only the second player to wear the number 8 guernsey for Fremantle, following the retirement of inaugural squad member Shaun McManus in 2008.  Along with fellow new recruit Stephen Hill, Suban made his debut in the opening round of the 2009 AFL season, and both played all 22 games for the season.  In Round 21, Suban was one of Fremantle's best players in their 54-point win over Essendon.  His career-high 25 possession and two goal game earnt him an AFL Rising Star nomination.

In April 2010, Suban extended his contract until the end of the 2012 season.  After playing 25 consecutive games from his debut in 2009, Suban missed his first game in Round 4 of the 2010 season due to an ankle injury suffered in the final minutes of Fremantle's win over Geelong at Subiaco Oval.  He returned in round 9 and played 13 more games for the year.  In round 4 of the 2011 season against  at Subiaco Oval, Suban fractured his right fibula when his leg was trapped under teammate Ryan Crowley.  He missed over three months of football before returning to play in the Western Derby in Round 18.

Suban had a disappointing 2012 season, being tried in a variety of positions in his 14 games, often as the substitute player.  In 2013, however, he moved to play more in the midfield, and played in 22 games, including the 2013 AFL Grand Final.  He played his 100th game for Fremantle in a surprise loss to bottom placed St Kilda in round 18 of the 2014 season.

He was delisted by Fremantle at the conclusion of the 2017 season.

Honours and Achievements
Team
McClelland Trophy (Fremantle) 2015 4x WAFL Premiership Player (Claremont) 2012 (Peel Thunder) 2016 2017 (South Fremantle) 2020Individual2009 AFL Rising Star nomineeFremantle Life Member: 2017'Statistics
 Statistics are correct to the end of the 2016 season''

|-
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2009
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 8 || 22 || 10 || 12 || 191 || 84 || 275 || 56 || 65 || 0.4 || 0.6 || 8.7 || 3.8 || 12.5 || 2.6 || 3.0
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2010
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 8 || 16 || 3 || 3 || 139 || 71 || 210 || 40 || 67 || 0.2 || 0.2 || 8.7 || 4.4 || 13.1 || 2.5 || 4.2
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2011
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 8 || 10 || 2 || 2 || 93 || 40 || 133 || 22 || 33 || 0.2 || 0.2 || 9.3 || 4.0 || 13.3 || 2.2 || 3.3
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2012
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 8 || 14 || 3 || 2 || 111 || 38 || 149 || 26 || 38 || 0.2 || 0.1 || 7.9 || 2.7 || 10.6 || 1.9 || 2.7
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2013
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 8 || 22 || 16 || 11 || 223 || 106 || 329 || 67 || 78 || 0.7 || 0.5 || 10.1 || 4.8 || 15.0 || 3.0 || 3.6
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2014
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 8 || 21 || 11 || 9 || 174 || 109 || 283 || 42 || 81 || 0.5 || 0.4 || 8.3 || 5.2 || 13.5 || 2.0 || 3.9
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2015
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 8 || 24 || 7 || 14 || 231 || 103 || 334 || 51 || 93 || 0.3 || 0.6 || 9.6 || 4.3 || 13.9 || 2.1 || 3.9
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2016
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 8 || 15 || 4 || 5 || 113 || 83 || 196 || 27 || 74 || 0.3 || 0.3 || 7.5 || 5.5 || 13.1 || 1.8 || 4.9
|- class="sortbottom"
! colspan=3| Career
! 144
! 56
! 58
! 1275
! 634
! 1909
! 331
! 529
! 0.4
! 0.4
! 8.9
! 4.4
! 13.3
! 2.3
! 3.7
|}

Notes

External links

Nic Suban WAFL statistics

1990 births
Living people
Fremantle Football Club players
Claremont Football Club players
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (state)
Greater Western Victoria Rebels players
Peel Thunder Football Club players
People educated at St Patrick's College, Ballarat
South Fremantle Football Club players
Australian people of Slovenian descent


Rebecca Smith may refer to:

Arts and entertainment
Kate Harrington (poet) (Rebecca Harrington Smith, 1831–1917), American teacher and poet
Carlene Carter (Rebecca Carlene Smith, born 1955), American country singer and songwriter

Sports
Rebecca Smith (footballer) (born 1981), New Zealand soccer player
Rebecca Smith (swimmer), Canadian swimmer
Becky Wiber (born 1959), Canadian swimmer born Rebecca Smith

Other
Rebecca Smith (infanticide) (1807–1849), last British woman executed for infanticide
Rebecca Smith (journalist) (fl. 1970s–2020s), American reporter
Rebecca Beach Smith (born 1949), U.S. federal judge
Rebecca Smith (c. 1848–?), one of the Ascott Martyrs, English women imprisoned for 7-10 days in 1873 for their role in founding a branch of the National Union of Agricultural Workers


A feather Christmas tree is a type of artificial Christmas tree that is generally considered one of the first artificial trees used as a Christmas tree. They originated in Germany in the late 19th century and became popular in the United States during the early 20th century.

History
Feather Christmas trees were first created in Germany in the 1880s or 1890s and are regarded as one of the first types of artificial Christmas trees. These first artificial trees were, in part, a response to growing environmental concerns in the late 19th century concerning deforestation associated with the harvest of Christmas trees in Germany. The tradition of feather Christmas trees was brought to the United States by German immigrants in places such as Pennsylvania and Texas.

Feather Christmas trees became popular during the early 20th century, and were sold by department stores in the United States.
Benefits touted for feather trees included the elimination of a trip to the tree lot and the lack of shed needles. Today, feather Christmas trees are valued as a collectible antique. One  German tree sold at auction in 2008 for $230.

Design

Feather trees were initially made of green-dyed goose feathers which were attached to wire branches. The feathers were split and then secured with wire to form the branches. These wire branches were then wrapped around a central dowel which acted as the trunk. The branches were widely spaced to keep the candles from starting a fire, which allowed ample space for ornamentation. Feather Christmas trees ranged widely in size, from a small  tree to a large  tree sold in department stores during the 1920s.  Often, the tree branches were tipped with artificial red berries which acted as candle holders.

References

Further reading
Crews, Barbara. "Feather Christmas Trees: Pictures, Prices and Patents", about.com, accessed March 28, 2009.
Mueller, Thomas G. "Grandpa Salomon's German Christmas Tree", Germans From Russian Heritage Collection, North Dakota State University Libraries, updated December 18, 2008, accessed March 28, 2009.

External links

"Country Mitten Feather Tree", (Image of 1930s Feather tree), Better Homes and Gardens, accessed March 28, 2009.
"Joanne Hobbs Creates Goose Feather Christmas Trees at Kentucky Artisan Center at Berea", (Press release), Kentucky Artisan Center at Berea, via Kentucky.gov, November 25, 2008, accessed March 28, 2009.

Artificial Christmas trees
German-American culture