The Apparel Lesotho Alliance to Fight AIDS (ALAFA) is an industry-wide programme providing prevention and treatment for over 40 000 mainly women workers in the Lesotho apparel industry. This is helping to combat two of the key drivers of the HIV/AIDS epidemic: poverty and gender inequality. Surveys within the sector show 43% of employees are HIV-positive. The creation of ALAFA was driven by humanitarian concerns and the need to make the industry sustainable in the long term. ALAFA was launched in May 2006 in Maseru. It is hosted by the Lesotho Textile Exporters’ Association and its advisory council brings together the combined interests of the ministries of health, trade, labour and industry, donors, the national AIDS commission, international clothing brands, employee and employer representatives, and service providers. This partnership now governs a large-scale, long-term intervention that ultimately affects the lives of hundreds of thousands of Basotho who depend on the industry directly and indirectly for their livelihood.

Notes

HIV/AIDS in Africa
HIV/AIDS prevention organizations
Medical and health organisations based in Lesotho
2006 establishments in Lesotho
Organizations established in 2006


Claytonia rubra is a species of wildflower in the family Montiaceae known by the common names redstem springbeauty and erubescent miner's lettuce. It is native to western North America from southwestern Canada to the United States of America extending from The Black Hills and western slopes of the Rocky Mountains to the Cascade and Coast Range, Ochoco and Wallowa Mountains south to the Warner Mountains, Yolla Bolly Mountains, and Sierra Nevada and Transverse Ranges [Mt. Pinos and Mt. San Gorgonio], where it is found in coniferous forests and shrublands. This is an annual herb with stems up to about 15 centimeters long.  Some individuals may overwinter as biennials. The basal leaves have small rounded to diamond-shaped blades on long, tapering petioles. There are also leaves on the stem which may be rounded or squared and sometimes fuse together to create a bowl around the stem.  All the leaves possess blunt (obtuse) tips according to published descriptions and taxonomic treatments. The herbage is red or pink in color at all stages of development. The inflorescence is a dense cluster of up to 30 tiny flowers, each with petals less than 4 millimeters long and white to pink-tinted in color.  Together with Claytonia perfoliata and Claytonia parviflora, Claytonia rubra comprises what is almost certainly a polyploid pillar complex based on three diploid species, each occupying a definitive ecological niche

There are two subspecies of Claytonia rubra:  Claytonia rubra subsp. depressa and Claytonia rubra subsp. rubra

References

External links
 Flora North America Treatment: Claytonia rubra
Jepson Manual Treatment
Photo gallery

Plants described in 1893
rubra
Flora of Northern America


A religious colloquy is a meeting to settle differences of doctrine or dogma, also called a colloquium (meeting, discussion), as in the historical Colloquy at Poissy, and like the legal colloquy, most often with a certain degree of judging involved. Religious colloquies are relatively common as a means to avoid calling full synods and avoiding out-and-out breaches leading to schisms.

Colloquy may also be defined as the conversation of prayer with God, a private opportunity with God the Father, to plead one's need for assistance, reassurance or forgiveness. St. Gregory of Nyssa is quoted as saying "Prayer is conversation, and colloquy with God."

Further reading
 Otto Scheib: Die innerchristlichen Religionsgespräche im Abendland. Regionale Verbreitung, institutionelle Gestalt, theologische Themen, kirchenpolitische Funktion. Mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des konfessionellen Zeitalters (1517 - 1689). (Wolfenbütteler Forschungen; Bd. 122) Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2009,  (in German)

History of Christian theology
Church councils


The 2009 Women's Hockey Junior World Cup was the sixth tournament of the Women's Hockey Junior World Cup. It was held from August 3 to August 16, 2009, in Boston, United States.

The Netherlands won the tournament for the second time after defeating Argentina 3–0 in the final. Defending champions South Korea won the third-place match by defeating England 2–1.

Qualification
Each continental federation got a number of quotas depending on the FIH World Rankings for teams qualified through their junior continental championships. Along with the host nation, 16 teams competed in the tournament.

 – Egypt withdrew from participating. As the first reserve team was previously assigned to the European Federation, France took their place as winners of the 2012 EuroHockey Junior Nations Trophy.
 – Australia and New Zealand qualified automatically due to the lack of other competing teams in the Oceania qualifier.

Squads

Results
All times are Eastern Daylight Time (UTC−04:00)

Preliminary round

Pool A

Pool B

Pool C

Pool D

Medal round

Pool E

Pool F

Non-medal round

Pool G

Fifth to sixteenth place classification

Fifteenth and sixteenth place

Thirteenth and fourteenth place

Eleventh and twelfth place

Ninth and tenth place

Seventh and eighth place

Fifth and sixth place

First to fourth place classification

Semifinals

Third and fourth place

Final

Awards

Statistics

Final ranking

Goalscorers

References

External links
Official FIH website
Official website

2009
August 2009 sports events in the United States
2009 in American women's sports
2009 Women's Hockey Junior World Cup
2009 in women's field hockey
2009 in youth sport
Ice hockey competitions in Boston
2009 in Boston
2009 in sports in Massachusetts
Women's sports in Massachusetts


Nanzhou Station (), formerly Nanzhou Coach Station () during its planning stages, is an interchange station between Line 2 on the Guangzhou Metro and the Guangfo Line.

The underground station is located under the junction of Nanzhou Road and Dongxiao Road South, near the Nanzhou Coach Station in Haizhu District, Guangzhou. The station for Line 2 started operation on 25 September 2010 and the station for Guangfo Line started operation on 28 December 2018.

Station layout

Exits
There are 3 exits leading in and out of the station, with 1 exit having 2 sub-exits.

Gallery

References

Railway stations in China opened in 2010
Guangzhou Metro stations in Haizhu District
Foshan Metro stations#


Claytonia saxosa, known by the common name Brandegee's springbeauty, is a species of wildflower in the family Montiaceae.

Distribution
The wildflower is endemic to northern California and southern Oregon.
In northern California it is located on serpentine soils.
In Oregon it is located in three places on basalt soils in the Cascade-Siskiyou National Monument in southern Oregon. It is found on rocky open slopes at mid to high elevations.

Description
Claytonia saxosa is a small, compact annual herb forming clumps a few centimeters wide in rock crevices.  Serpentinite is the favored geologic substrate of this species. The leaves are small, with fleshy spatulate blades. The basal leaves and flowering stems are pink or red in color, packed densely together about the short stem that surmounts a minute, tuberous caudex.  The chromosome number of the species is 2n = 16.

Two to ten flowers emerge from the clump, each with five light pink petals under a centimeter long. The bloom period is March to May.

References

External links
 Calflora Database: Claytonia saxosa (Brandegee's springbeauty)
 Flora North America
Jepson Manual Treatment
Photo gallery

saxosa
Endemic flora of California
Flora of the Cascade Range
Flora of the Klamath Mountains
Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
Plants described in 1893
Taxa named by Townshend Stith Brandegee


The 7th Mountain Division () was formed through the redesignation of 99th Light Infantry Division, which had fought on the southern sector of the Eastern Front until being withdrawn to Germany in October 1941. In 1942, it was sent to Finland and remained there until the Finnish withdrawal from the war. The Division retreated into Norway where it remained until the end of the War.

Commanders
 General der Gebirgstruppe Rudolf Konrad   (1 November 1941 – 19 December 1941)
 Generalmajor Wilhelm Weiß (19 December 1941 – 1 January 1942)
 General der Artillerie Robert Martinek   (1 January 1942 – 1 May 1942)
 Generalleutnant August Krakau   (1 May 1942 – 22 July 1942)
 General der Artillerie Robert Martinek   (22 July 1942 – 10 September 1942)
 Generalleutnant August Krakau   (10 September 1942 – 8 May 1945)

Order of battle
 206. Gebirgsjäger Regiment
 1. Battalion
 2. Battalion
 3. Battalion
 Mountain Panzerjäger Company (mot)
 218. Gebirgsjäger Regiment
 1. Battalion
 2. Battalion
 3. Battalion
 Mountain Panzerjäger Company (mot)
 99. Panzerjäger Battalion
 99. Reconnaissance Battalion
 79. Mountain Artillery Regiment
 1. Battalion
 2. Battalion
 3. Battalion
 4. Battalion
 99. Mountain Pioneer Battalion
 99. Mountain Signals Battalion
 54. Mountain Feldersatz Battalion
 54. Ski Battalion
 99. Supply Troops

Finnish auxiliaries
In spring of 1944, the Division controlled several Finnish units that supported it. These were:
 Frontier Battalions 7 and 8
 Independent Battalions 8 and 11
 Mortar Company 11
 Gun Company 48
 Light Artillery Battalion 17
 Independent Armoured Car Platoons 7 and 9

References

Further reading
 James Lucas - Hitler's Mountain Troops: Fighting at the extremes
 Gordon Williamson - German Mountain & Ski Troops 1939-45
 Roland Kaltenegger - Schicksalsweg und Kampf der 'Bergschuh'-Division: Die Kriegschronik der 7. Gebirgs-Division vormals 99. leichte Infanterie-Division (in German)
 Emil Schuler - Mit dem Bergschuh in Rußland und Finnland: Kriegserlebnisse und Kriegserfahrungen der 7. Gebirgs Division, vormals 99. leichte Infanterie Division (in German)
Dominic Balcom - Survival From The Mountains Troops

7
7
Military units and formations established in 1941
Military units and formations disestablished in 1945


Age UK is a registered charity in the United Kingdom, formed on 25 February 2009, and launched on 1 April 2009.

Despite the national merger, many local Age Concern charities decided not to become brand partners of Age UK and continued as independent and completely separate Age Concerns and remain so to this day.

The charity operated as "Age Concern England and Help the Aged" until the new brand launch on 19 April 2010. The brand also includes separate but interdependent charities for the UK regions: Age Scotland, Age Cymru and Age NI, and new international charity, Age International.

The merger was the largest among charities in the UK since that of the Cancer Research Campaign and Imperial Cancer Research in 2002 to form Cancer Research UK.

Age UK also has a commercial arm, AgeCo Limited (formerly Age UK Enterprises Limited) Operating under the brand name Age Co it sells products and services designed for later life with its profits given back to the charity. The current range includes Car and Home insurance, Legal Services, Funeral Plans, Personal Alarms, Stairlifts and Homelifts, Bathing Solutions and Incontinence Products.

Structure
Age UK was formed in 2009 from the merger of Help the Aged and Age Concern England, creating an organisation with a combined income of around £160 million, including £47 million a year raised through fundraising, and over 520 charity shops, and income raised through its commercial services arm, AgeCo Limited (formerly Age UK Enterprises Limited)

The merger was first confirmed in September, when Dianne Jeffrey was confirmed as the new chair of trustees.

Tom Wright CBE, previously chief executive of VisitBritain and Trustee of the Imperial War Museum, was appointed Chief Executive of the new charity in November 2008. Tom Wright resigned in June 2017 to become the new Chief Executive of Guide Dogs.

In 2018, Steph Harland was appointed CEO, and Sir Brian Pomeroy Chair of Trustees.

History

Age Concern

Age Concern's origins are British and can be traced back to a realisation in that country of the effects on aged people of the Second World War: the dislocation and breakdown of family life arising from conscription led to a recognition that existing poor laws failed to provide effective support for the elderly separated from family support networks.
In 1940, the Old People's Welfare Committee (OPWC), chaired by Eleanor Rathbone, was formed as a sub-committee of Liverpool Personal Service Society to facilitate discussion among government and voluntary organisations. In 1944, the committee changed its name to the National Old People’s Welfare Committee (NOPWC) and took on responsibility for coordinating the activities of numerous local OPWCs.

From the 1950s, the NOPWC accessed government and local funds associated with the post-war development of the welfare state to provide services to local committees and training to wardens of old people's homes.

In 1971, under the direction of David Hobman, the NOPWC changed its public name to Age Concern and separated itself entirely from government and the National Council for Social Service (now National Council for Voluntary Organisations). It did so while also launching a "manifesto for old age" and establishing itself nationally as a lobbying body.

The directors of Age Concern England have included Hobman, Sally Greengross, and Gordon Lishman.

In 1986 Age Concern established an Institute of Gerontology at King's College London, into which it folded its own Age Concern Research Unit.

Help the Aged

Help the Aged was founded in 1961 by Cecil Jackson-Cole, with the aim to free disadvantaged older people from poverty, isolation and neglect.

Branding
The two brand logos from the merged charities gradually disappeared after the new Age UK brand was launched (on 19 April 2010) and new brand-awareness developed during 2010. Hollywood stars Eleanor Bron, Brian Cox and Ian McKellen appeared in a series of TV advertisements to support the new charity. All three actors gave their time free of charge.

Fundraising
Age UK helps to fund, and is aided with funds raised by, the national will-making scheme Will aid, in which participating solicitors waive their usual fee to write a basic will and in exchange invite the client to donate to charity.

In January 2016, it was announced that Age UK's would be one of the chosen charities for Santander's The Discovery Project alongside Barnardo's. As well giving as financial donations to the charity project, Santander will also allow staff to volunteer on the phonelines.

The Wireless
In April 2012, Age UK launched The Wireless radio station, initially an Internet-only station, broadcasting 24 hours a day, featuring Graham Dene (ex-Capital Radio and Virgin Radio) and David Hamilton (ex-BBC Radio, Capital Gold and Saga Radio) as the lead presenters, The Wireless provides "a mix of music, entertainment, and information to improve later life in the UK". It also features a weekly news and current affairs show, Agenda, hosted by broadcaster and former BBC newsreader Martyn Lewis. In 2018, Wireless Radio was scaled down to a playlist presented on TuneIn.

Criticism
In 2016 Age UK came under fire for recommending an energy tariff through a partnership with E.On. The Sun claimed Age UK’s Enterprises division was overcharging customers signing up to a E.ON/Age Concern gas and electricity tariff marketed to older customers. It emerged that Age UK had made millions by providing insurance and funeral services to older people via Age UK Enterprises Ltd.
In 2019 it was claimed that Age UK was sending users through its commercial arm (Age Co) to an equity release advice service provided by Hub Financial, a company wholly owned by Just Group. While customers were told that Hub compared deals from a panel of five providers, its advice process was structured so that in most cases a customer would be offered a deal by just one panel member, namely Just.

References

External links

Background to the Age Concern/Help the Aged merger a CommunityCare website article, (Retrieved 1 April 2009)

2009 establishments in the United Kingdom
Charities for the elderly based in the United Kingdom
Charities based in London
Organisations based in the London Borough of Camden
Organizations established in 2009


Limacella delicata is a mushroom species in the genus Limacella.  It is also sometimes known under the synonym Limacella glioderma (Fr.) Maire.

References

Amanitaceae
Fungi of Europe
Taxa named by Elias Magnus Fries


PhD (Doctor Of Philosophy)  in management is one of the highest academic degrees awarded in the study of management science. The degree was designed for those seeking academic research and teaching careers as faculty or professors in the study of management at business schools worldwide.

Ph.D. in management degree

Business doctoral programs

A PhD degree is a doctor of philosophy which can be obtained in many areas of study, while a PhD in management is specific to the study of research questions with potential relevance to the business world. Areas of specialization for the PhD in business often include, but are not limited to the following:

 Accounting
 Decision sciences (decision theory and decision analysis)
 Economics
 Entrepreneurship
 Ethics and legal studies
 Finance
 Health care management
 People management or Human Resource management
 Leadership
 Marketing
 Organizational behavior
 Operations management / Operations research
 Management information systems / Information technology management
 Statistics
 Strategy

A PhD in management or business is often required for those interested in pursuing an academic career as a professor at a business school. Business schools often require faculty to hold a Ph.D. and to engage in research. Business school rankings are often heavily influenced by the proportion of faculty with Ph.D. degrees or doctorates.  Research is fundamental to the integrity of a graduate educational institution.  Through research, professors gain the expertise required to teach advanced courses and to ensure that they remain current in his or her chosen field.

Brief history

In the 1950s and 1960s, leading business schools made a transition from vocational training to scientific research, rooted in social sciences, such as economics, psychology, sociology, anthropology, systems engineering, and mathematics.  Since then, Ph.D. programs in business prepare candidates to conduct scholarly research based on rigorous methods and applied to business.  For example, such research might aim to develop new theory and empirical knowledge about business and management problems by combining methods from economics, psychology and mathematical decision theory.  By combining methods from multiple social sciences, business research has developed its own subfields of research, published in business application oriented journals as well as in social sciences journals.

Business research

Research with regard to the study of business encompasses a wide range of activities.  There are many research methodologies or "tools" one must learn before being able to conduct research.  A Ph.D. program in business will teach one of these various methods.

Research methodologies

Common research methodologies used in studying business are Modeling, Econometrics, Experiments, descriptive and Field Studies.

Program structure

Typically, the PhD in management takes 4–5 years to complete.  The structure is usually 2 years of intensive coursework (core courses and seminars) followed by a comprehensive examination.  The dissertation phase is typically 2–3 years.

Careers

Becoming a professor of business means investing years of study before obtaining the desired degree, but academia offers many benefits, including attractive salaries, the combination of varied activities in one career, intellectual stimulation as well as professional autonomy. However, following through with a PhD degree can be challenging not only because of the academic rigour but also due to the pressure and stress that comes from conducting research and defending a dissertation.  Moreover, once a person obtains a Ph.D., there is no guarantee that even with an offer from a business school, that the Ph.D. student will go on to publish his or her research in a top journal, will be able to teach effectively, or will receive a tenured faculty position.

Still, for those who have the motivation, drive, and stamina to be successful in this field, there are many benefits.  The life of a business professor is markedly different from a corporate career. An academic has more time to explore his or her own interests, pursues research, and rarely has a 'nine to five' type of career. Being a professor is much like being an entrepreneur.  Success is based on the individual, and faculty are often their own bosses. Beyond being intellectually bright and able to conduct research, professors in business also need to be able to perform in the classroom.  Teaching is a fundamental component of being a professor, though most faculty may only teach around 100 hours per year, the classroom setting can be challenging and often involve debate.

Not everyone can be a professor, but for those that have the skills required, it provides an excellent standard of living, with salaries comparable to the corporate world.  Consulting, book publishing and speaking engagements can also further add to overall compensation.  Academic institutions are often less vulnerable than corporations to forces like global economic downturns.  Academia offers much in the way of financial stability.

PhD versus DBA
The PhD in Management is similar to the Doctor of Business Administration (DBA). The PhD is a research doctorate while the DBA is most often considered a professional doctorate or an applied research doctorate for managers. As such, both PhD and DBA programs require students to develop original research leading to a dissertation defense. Furthermore, both doctorates enable holders to become faculty members at academic institutions.

In some cases, as in that of Harvard University, the distinction is solely administrative (Harvard Business School is not authorized to issue PhDs; only the Faculty of Arts and Sciences may do so). In most cases, however, the distinction is one of orientation and intended outcomes. The Ph.D. is highly focused on developing theoretical knowledge, while the DBA emphasizes applied research leading to the practical application of theoretical knowledge. Upon completion, graduates of PhD programs generally migrate to academia, while those of DBA programs reemerge in industry as executives in leading organizations often teaching part-time in undergraduate and graduate programs.

PhD versus Doctor of Management
The Doctor of Management (D.M., D.Mgt.) is a research intensive degree - including coursework, a comprehensive examination, and a research dissertation - which additionally, is "focused on developing the talents, skills and abilities of management-level staff."
It is sometimes positioned as "an applied research degree within the study of management," and its coursework thus connects theoretical knowledge and practice, through cognitive, professional, and peer learning.
Similar to both the Ph.D. and DBA, a D.M. enables holders to become faculty members at academic institutions."
The D.M. was introduced at Case Western Reserve in 1995.

Doctor of Project Management
The Doctor of Project Management (DPM) is a research-oriented professional doctoral degree previously offered by some Australian universities, such as RMIT University in Melbourne. That program was subsumed into the RMIT PhD program around 2012. The DPM had a coursework and thesis components with the coursework being advanced project management topics to prepare candidates for their thesis work. The thesis (monograph) expectation was consistent with that expected of the PhD. Thus, the DPM is of the same academic level as traditional PhD with a research focus on industry practice rather than theoretical framework.

See also

 Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)
 Doctor of Commerce (DCom)
 Doctor of Management (D.M. or D.Mgt.)

References

Management theory
Management
Business qualifications
Management education


Guvernadurica, or Gubernadurica, is the dungeon in the monastery of Cetinje, Montenegro, which is named after the first political prisoner, the last gubernadur of Montenegro, Vukolaj Radonjic.

History
Guvernadurica, the oldest prison in Cetinje, did not have doors, and the cave had a permanent temperature of 0 °C throughout the year. On the south side of the church there is a two-floor administrative building, with a dungeon in the ground floor, named Guvernadurica, after its most famous prisoner, Governor Vukolaj Radonjić, who was originally sentenced to death along with his brother Marko Radonjic, later changed to imprisonment. The Guvernadurica was used as a prison for political prisoners until the end of World War II.

References

Cetinje
Prisons in Montenegro


Chauhdry Abdul Rashid JP (born 7 January 1941) is a former Lord Mayor of Birmingham. He is one of three councillors representing the Bordesley ward in the heart of the city.

Background
Rashid was born in Dadyal, Jammu and Kashmir, British India (now in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan) on 7 January 1941. He was educated at Ratta Middle School and left school aged thirteen in 1954. In 1955 he emigrated to the United Kingdom where he worked in the northern coastal town of Workington, Cumbria for seven and a half years.

Whilst working as a market trader he studied part-time at the Workington College of Further Education. In May 1962 he returned to Pakistan where he met and married Shafait, his wife for over 45 years.

In 1963 he began work in Birmingham in the Drawing Office at George H Hughes, a local engineering firm.

Rashid started his work in public life in 1980 when he was appointed to serve on the East Birmingham Community Health Council. This led in 1982 to his appointment to East Birmingham Health Authority where he served until 1985.

In 1982 he also became a magistrate.

He served on the Small Heath Community Law Centre during the early 1980s and also served as its Chairman.

Councillor
In May 1987, Rashid was elected to Birmingham City Council from the Small Heath ward. He won this seat only a month before sitting his final examinations for a Social Science degree from Wolverhampton University.

Whilst serving as councillor he worked in the Black Country town of Dudley as a Council Community Social Worker and Liaison Officer. During this time he also served on the Black Country Talking Newspaper, Dudley Council of Faiths and Dudley One World.

In 2000, Rashid took early retirement from local government service due to ill health. In 2002 he picked up from where he left off and has since served on the board of Birmingham Family Housing Association, the board of St Peters (Saltley) Housing Association, as governor of Mathew Boulton College and as governor of Regents Park Primary School.

He re-entered politics in 2004 and was elected as one of three councillors for the Nechells ward. His current office expires in 2022.

Lord Mayor

In May 2008, Rashid was appointed Lord Mayor of Birmingham. The following year he served, as is usual, as the Deputy Lord Mayor.

In 2009, Rashid appeared in an anti-terror television campaign funded by the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office. He appeared in his role as Lord Mayor, alongside notable British Muslims. His life story was depicted in a documentary film produced in 2010.

References

1941 births
Living people
English people of Mirpuri descent
Pakistani emigrants to the United Kingdom
Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
Lord Mayors of Birmingham, West Midlands
Politicians from Birmingham, West Midlands
People from Azad Kashmir
Alumni of the University of Wolverhampton


Samuel James William Smith (14 November 1904 – June 1988) was an English footballer who played at inside-forward for Cradley Heath, Cardiff City, Port Vale, Hull City, and Millwall.

Career
Smith played for Darby End Victoria and Cradley Heath, before playing four First Division games for Cardiff City in the 1926–27 season. He then left Ninian Park and dropped down to the Second Division to sign with Port Vale in May 1927. He played just four games at The Old Recreation Ground in the later half of the 1927–28 season, before being given a free transfer in May 1928. He moved on to Hull City and Millwall.

Career statistics
Source:

References

1904 births
1988 deaths
Footballers from Stafford
English men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Cradley Heath F.C. players
Cardiff City F.C. players
Port Vale F.C. players
Hull City A.F.C. players
Millwall F.C. players
English Football League players


"Hot Love" is a song by the American heavy metal band Twisted Sister, which was released in 1987 as the lead single from their fifth studio album Love Is for Suckers. It was written by Dee Snider and produced by Beau Hill. The song reached No. 31 in the US Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart.

"Hot Love" was released in North America, Europe, Australia and Japan. The B-side, "Tonight", was taken from Love Is for Suckers.

Music video
The song's music video was directed by Jon Small. It achieved medium rotation on MTV. The video features the band without both their trademark makeup and the slapstick comedy elements of some of their earlier videos. Snider told the Los Angeles Times Syndicate in 1987, "With the image in videos we had, people started saying we were a joke. So we dropped the makeup and deliberately didn't do a funny video. [It's] a basic rock 'n' roll video."

The video was filmed in various places on Long Island, including the old Pathmark Mall shopping center on Deer Park Avenue in North Babylon which has since been demolished and is now an Aldi and Planet Fitness.

Critical reception
On its release, Cash Box said, "The drums sound like they were recorded in an airplane hangar and there's enough guitar brawn here to strong arm even the toughest ears. All of the sonic boom, though, is in the service of a truly engaging pop song." Billboard commented, "Dee and the boys deliver an incisive rock number that buoys their instinctive delivery with much commercial appeal."

Chicago Tribune said of the song in a review of Love Is for Suckers, "The best song on the album, 'Hot Love,' is deep-fried in committed drumming and fluent guitars that don't overwhelm melody. It's the best Twisted Sister tune since 'We're Not Gonna Take It'." The Washington Post said "Twisted Sister's raw image was totally out of sync with the melodic 'Hot Love,' an obvious attempt to break into the mainstream market." Greg Prato of AllMusic retrospectively described "Hot Love" as a stand-out on Love Is for Suckers.

Formats
7" single
"Hot Love" - 3:45
"Tonight" - 3:51

7" single (US promo)
"Hot Love" - 3:45
"Hot Love" - 3:45

12" single (US promo)
"Hot Love (Vocal/LP Version)" - 3:44
"Hot Love (Vocal/LP Version)" - 3:44

Charts

References

1987 songs
1987 singles
Twisted Sister songs
Songs written by Dee Snider
Song recordings produced by Beau Hill
Atlantic Records singles


Russalka Memorial () is a bronze monument sculpted by Amandus Adamson, erected on 7 September 1902 in Kadriorg, Tallinn, Estonia (then part of the Russian Empire) to mark the ninth anniversary of the sinking of the Russian warship , or "Mermaid", which sank en route to Finland in 1893. It was the first monument in Estonia made by an Estonian sculptor. The monument depicts an angel holding an Orthodox cross towards the assumed direction of the shipwreck. The model for the angel was the sculptor's housekeeper.

In 2005, Eesti Post, the national postal service company issued a postage stamp series for the 150th anniversary of the sculptor Adamson, with the Russalka Memorial depicted on the cover.

References

External links

Monuments and memorials in Estonia
Buildings and structures in Tallinn
Kesklinn, Tallinn
History of Tallinn
Buildings and structures completed in 1902


Mark Linfield (born 6 June 1968) is a British writer, producer and director of nature documentaries for cinema and television. He is best known for his work with the BBC Natural History Unit as a producer of two episodes of the television series Planet Earth (2006) and as writer and co-director of the associated feature film Earth (2007).

Career
Mark co-founded Wildstar Films in 2018 after 30 years of directing and producing wildlife films. He is currently on the senior creative team for several series at Wildstar and is directing a feature length film for Disneynature.

After studying zoology at the University of Oxford, Mark began his career fronting a film about gorillas in the Congo. After several years with the BBC, Mark joined independent production company, Green Umbrella, where he produced and directed many films for BBC strands The Natural World  and Wildlife on One including The Temple Troop; Gelada Baboons – The Battles of Braveheart; Orangutans – The High Society; and Capuchins – The Monkey Puzzle.

Mark returned to the BBC in 2000 to produce and direct on the BAFTA nominated Life of Mammals, on which he travelled the world with Sir David Attenborough. Mark followed this with two episodes of the hit TV series Planet Earth, winning a Primetime EMMY for the opening show Pole to Pole. Mark followed this as Producer/Director on Frozen Planet a show for which he received an EMMY nomination for writing.

For the last 10 years, Mark has been directing and co-directing feature length wildlife films for Disneynature, these include Chimpanzee, Monkey Kingdom, Elephant and Earth - the latter remains one of the most successful wildlife theatrical releases of all time.

Personal life
Linfield lives in Bristol with his wife Vanessa Berlowitz and their son, Cam

Film and TV credits
Natural World
 Episode: "Journey to the Dark Heart" (1993)
 Episode: "The Temple Troop (1997)
 Episode: "Orang-utans: The High Society" (1998)
 Triumph of Life (2000)
 The Life of Mammals (2002)
 Wildlife on One
 Episode: "Gelada Baboons: The Battles of Braveheart (2000)
 Episode: "Capuchins: The Monkey Puzzle" (2004)
 Planet Earth
 Episode: "From Pole to Pole" (2006)
 Episode: "Seasonal Forests" (2006)
 Earth (2007)
 Frozen Planet (2011)
 Chimpanzee (2012)
 Monkey Kingdom (2015)
 Elephant (2020)

References

External links

British television producers
Living people
People educated at Lancing College
1968 births


Dr. Eduardo V. Roquero or Dr. Ed (October 18, 1949 in Pigkawayan, North Cotabato, Philippines – August 24, 2009 in Manila) was a Filipino physician and politician.

Coming from a family of politicians, his father, an uncle and also one of his brothers all served as mayors of Pigkawayan, North Cotabato. Hon. Eduardo V. Roquero began as a Rural Health Physician and NGO Family Planning Physician of San Jose del Monte in the 1980s, at that time, he was also the owner and director of Roquero General Hospital.

He served as Municipal Mayor of San Jose del Monte from 1988–1992 and 1994–2000 and City Mayor of San Jose del Monte from 2000–2004 and 2007–2009, making him the first city mayor from the time San Jose del Monte was converted from a municipality in 2000 to become the province's first component city. Under his administration, San Jose del Monte was converted from a 5th Class to a 1st Class Municipality. He also served as the city's first Representative to the House of Representatives from the time its congressional district was carved out of the fourth congressional district of Bulacan.

Known as the Brain and Father of Cityhood and the Man behind San Jose del Monte's Golden Age of Governance, Hon. Eduardo V. Roquero received numerous recognitions and awards such as Most Outstanding Mayor of the Philippines in 2008 and Most Outstanding Congressman of the Philippines in 2006. A year after his death in 2009, he was given the "Dangal ng Lahing San Jose Award" which is the highest form of recognition to a public servant.

References

|-

1949 births
2009 deaths
20th-century Filipino medical doctors
Mayors of places in Bulacan
Members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from San Jose del Monte
People from Cotabato
People from San Jose del Monte
Liberal Party (Philippines) politicians
Nationalist People's Coalition politicians
Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino politicians
Lakas–CMD (1991) politicians
Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino politicians


This list of tallest buildings in Chengdu ranks skyscrapers in the southwestern city of Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan, China by height. The tallest building in Chengdu is currently the Tianfu Times Tower and stands 180 m (590 feet) tall.

Chengdu is the second-largest city in Western China (after Chongqing) and is the provincial capital and the biggest city in Sichuan Province with a metro population over 11 million. The city is the political, cultural, financial, and transportation center of Sichuan and points to the West.

Even though Chengdu does not have as many skyscrapers as in the larger Chongqing, the city's urban area is larger due to the lack of geographical constraint. Chengdu is ranked by Skyscrapercity for the 14th best skyline in China and 49th in the world.

Located on the great Chengdu Plain, the land the city sits on is not fit for many tall high-rises. But over the years, when architecture and the materials for building developed, like many other developing Chinese cities, more and more skyscraper construction was seen around Chengdu. The history of skyscrapers in Chengdu first started in around 1990, when Chengdu saw its first great skyscraper construction boom. The Shu Capitol Building, completed in 1991, became Chengdu's first skyscraper. In the next three years, more than 20 skyscrapers were erected in the city; when the 160-meter Sichuan Bank of China Tower was completed in 1994, it became the tallest building in western China, surpassing the few skyscrapers then in Chongqing. In 1998, Chengdu's high-rise construction boom reached its peak once again; in the next decade, 15 skyscrapers taller than 100 meters were completed in the city. Chengdu currently has 28 skyscrapers taller than 100 meters completed in the city.

Tallest buildings

This lists ranks Chengdu skyscrapers that stand at least 150 m (492 feet) tall, based on standard height measurement. This includes spires and architectural details but does not include antenna masts. Existing structures are included for ranking purposes based on present height. All the structures in this list has been topped out, but some may not be ready to use.

Tallest under construction, approved, and proposed

Under construction
This lists buildings that are under construction in Chengdu and are planned to rise at least 120 m (328 feet). Buildings that have already been topped out are not included.

Proposed

References
General
Skycraperpage.com Chengdu

External links
 Chengdu skyscrapers on SkyscraperPage
 Tallest buildings of Chengdu on Emporis
 Skyscrapers of Chengdu on Gaoloumi (in Chinese)
 The World's best Skyline

Chengdu
Skyscrapers in Chengdu
Buildings and structures in Chengdu


Railway stations in Turkmenistan include:

Maps
 UN Map
 UNHCR Map

Municipalities served by rail

Trans-Caspian Railway
 Turkmenbashy
 Balkanabat
 Bereket
 Serdar
 Bamy
 Baherden
 Büzmeýin
 Ashgabat - national capital - junction
 Artyk (border crossing into Iran)
 Dushak
 Tejen
 Parahat - junction
 Mary - junction
 Baýramaly
 Türkmenabat - junction
 Farap
 (border crossing into Uzbekistan)

Tejen-Sarahs branch line
 Parahat - junction
 Sarahs, Turkmenistan
 (border crossing into Iran)
 Sarakhs, Iran - break-of-gauge, bogies exchange.

Mary-Serhetabat branch line
 Mary - junction
 Ýolöten
 Ymambaba
 Sandykgaçy
 Galaýmor
 Serhetabat
 (border crossing into Afghanistan)
 Torghundi, Afghanistan

Türkmenabat-Kerki branch line
 Türkmenabat - junction
 Saýat
 Garabekewül
 Pelwert
 Halaç
 Kerki - junction

 Samarqand
 border - Uzbekistan
 Amu Dar'ya
 Kerki - junction
 Köýtendag
 Kelif
 border - Uzbekistan

 Kerki - junction
 Ymamnazar
 (border crossing into Afghanistan)
 Aqina
 Andkhoy

Türkmenabat-Daşoguz Line (former Çärjew-Moscow line)
 Türkmenabat - junction
 Darganata
 Gazojak
 (short border crossing into Uzbekistan)
 Daşoguz
 Boldumsaz
 (border crossing into Uzbekistan)

Trans-Karakum Railway
 Ashgabat - junction
 Ovadandepe
 Içoguz
 Daşoguz

North-South Transnational Corridor
 Bolashak, Kazakhstan
 (border crossing from Kazakhstan)
 Serhetýak
 Bereket - junction
 Döwletýar
 Bugdaýly
 Etrek
 Akýaýla
 (border crossing into Iran) - break-of-gauge, bogies exchange.

See also
 International North–South Transport Corridor
 Rail transport in Turkmenistan
 Trans-Caspian railway
 Trans-Karakum Railway
 Transport in Turkmenistan
 Türkmendemirýollary

References

External links
List of railroad stations in Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan
Railway stations
Railway stations


The 1985 AFC Youth Championship was held in March, 1985 in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. The tournament was won by for the first time by China PR in the final tournaments in round-robin format.

Qualification

Qualified teams
  (West Asia zone winners)
  (West Asia zone runners-up)
  (East Asia zone winners)
  (East Asia zone runners-up)

Final standing

Match results

Winner

 China PR, Saudi Arabia qualified for 1985 FIFA World Youth Championship.

1985
1985
Youth
AFC
1985 in youth association football


Road 65 is an important transit road connecting Tehran to Fars in Iran.

Plans

Saveh
Saveh Bypass is now under construction.

Abadeh
Abadeh Bypass is now completed and operational travelling northeast of the city of Abadeh.

Abadeh-Shiraz
Saadatshahr Tunnel, located between Saadatshahr and Qaderabad, was closed for repairs and lighting related works from 22 November 2011 to mid-February 2012.

Shiraz-Firouzabad
The road is under construction to be improved to 2+2 expressway.

Firouzabad-Jam-Asaluyeh
There are plans to build another 2 lanes and make the road a 4-lane expressway.

Gallery

References

 Iran Road Maintenance & Transportation Organization
 Road management center of Iran
 Ministry of Roads & Urban Development of Iran

65
Transportation in Isfahan Province
Transport in Tehran
Transportation in Tehran Province


This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Missoula County, Montana. It is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Missoula County, Montana, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

There are 88 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, including 2 National Historic Landmarks.

Listings county-wide

|}

See also

 List of National Historic Landmarks in Montana
 National Register of Historic Places listings in Montana

References

Missoula


The Knightsbridge Residences, also known as The Knightsbridge Residences @ Century City, is a high-end residential skyscraper constructed in Makati, Philippines. It is the second of several building projects built in the new Century City area along Kalayaan Avenue. It is one of the Philippines' tallest buildings. The Knightsbridge Residences at Century City takes its name after the most expensive neighborhood in London, Knightsbridge.

Planned to be more than 50 storeys high, the owner and developer Century City Development Corporation is now pre-selling units for a 60th floor, and is still subject to increases depending on demands for more units. Based on 60 storeys, the building will have a total height from ground to its architectural top of around 215 ± 5 meters (705 ± 15 feet).

Location

The Knightsbridge Residences is located within the former location of the 4.8-hectare International School Manila, which 3.4 hectares was sold to Century Properties Corporation (the remaining was sold to Picar Properties) in a bidding by the Philippine Government in 2007. Situated along Kalayaan Avenue, it is just a block away from the busy entertainment area along Makati Avenue. It is also about a few blocks away from the Makati Central Business District, the capital’s financial, cultural and entertainment hub with first-class shopping malls, and about 30 minutes drive from the international airport.

Design and construction

The Knightsbridge Residences was part of the masterplan made by California-based architectural group Jerde Partnership International, and was designed by Philippine architectural firm ASYA Design Partners. Structural design and engineering is provided by renowned Filipino structural engineering firm Aromin & Sy + Associates.

Project and construction management is being handled by local firm Nova Construction + Development. The lobby and common areas of the building, particularly The Podium Level amenity floor will be designed by Hong Kong-based International Leisure Consultants (ILC).

Architecture

The building introduces the Lantern concept, a unique architectural featuring stacked special residential units with dramatic floor-to-ceiling windows that create iconic, sparkling glass boxes. This will be a distinguishing feature \which can easily be seen around the city, especially at night.

The building will have a maximum of 20 units per floor, each with a floor to ceiling clearance of 2.7 meters, and will have 300 parking slots available in 4 basement floors.

See also
List of tallest buildings in the Philippines
The Gramercy Residences

References

External links
 Official Website
 Official Website of the Century City

Skyscrapers in Makati
Residential skyscrapers in Metro Manila
Residential buildings completed in 2013


The white-edged nudibranch, Coryphella capensis, previously known as Fjordia capensis, is a species of sea slug, specifically an aeolid nudibranch, a colourful sea slug. It is a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Coryphellidae.

Distribution
This species is endemic to the South African coast and is found only from the Atlantic coast of the Cape Peninsula to Port Elizabeth in 10–30 m of water.

Description
The white-edged nudibranch is a slender pale-bodied aeolid with numerous dark red cerata all edged with white. It is usually smaller than 40mm. It has rugose pale rhinophores. It has a pair of elongated oral tentacles having an opaque white stripe.

Ecology
This aeolid feeds on hydroids of the genus Eudendrium. In common with other aeolid nudibranchs, the cerata of white-edged nudibranch aid in respiration but also contain extensions of the digestive system. The white-edged nudibranch eats the hydroid and passes its nematocysts unharmed through its digestive system to the tips of its cerata. Here the nematocysts mature and are then used by the nudibranch for its own defence. It is probable that the bright colours of the white-edged nudibranch serve to advertise to predators that it is toxic.

The white-edged nudibranch is hermaphrodite. The egg mass is highly convoluted and creamy white.

References

  Thiele J., 1925. Gastropoden der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. In:. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer “Valdivia” 1898-1899  II. Teil, vol. 17, No. 2, Gustav Fischer, Berlin

Flabellinidae
Gastropods described in 1925


This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Ravalli County, Montana.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Ravalli County, Montana, United States.  There are 92 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

Current listings

|}

See also

 List of National Historic Landmarks in Montana
 National Register of Historic Places listings in Montana

References

Ravalli


Bedros is a name in Eastern Armenian meaning "rock", and is thus a form of the name Peter. Bedrosian (Eastern Armenian Petrosyan), meaning "son of Bedros/ Petros" is also a common Armenian name.

Religious personalities
Armenian Apostolic Church
Peter I of Armenia, i.e. Bedros I Ketadarz (d. 1058)
Bedros IV of Cilicia, Bedros IV Sarajian (1870–1940), Armenian Catholicos of Great House of Cilicia
Various men who served as Armenian Patriarchs of Constantinople
Various men who served as Armenian Patriarchs of Jerusalem

Armenian Catholic Church
All Armenian Catholic Patriarch-Catholicoi carry Bedros as a middle name, including:
Abraham Petros I Ardzivian, Patriarch Catholicos of Cilicia in 1740–1749
Jacob Petros II Hovsepian, Patriarch Catholicos of Cilicia in 1749–1753
Michael Petros III Kasparian, Patriarch Catholicos of Cilicia in 1753–1780
Basile Petros IV Avkadian, Patriarch Catholicos of Cilicia in 1780–1788
Grégoire-Pierre XV Agagianian (1895–1971)
Ignatius Bedros XVI Batanian (1899–1979)
Hemaiag Bedros XVII Ghedighian (1905–1998)
Hovhannes Bedros XVIII Kasparian (1927–2011)
Nerses Bedros XIX Tarmouni (1940-2015)
Krikor Bedros XX Gabroyan (born 1934)

Given name
Some people with this given name include:
Petros Adamian or Bedros Atamian (1849–1891), Ottoman-Armenian actor, poet, writer, artist and public figure
Bedros Bedrosian (born 1955), Romanian Armenian triple jumper
Bedros Hadjian (1933–2012), Buenos Aires-based Armenian writer, educator and journalist
Bedros Kapamajian (1840–1912), Ottoman-Armenian businessmen, textile trader, and mayor of the town of Van, Ottoman Empire
Bedros Keresteciyan (1840–1907), Ottoman-Armenian linguist, journalist, translator, and writer of the first etymology dictionary of the Turkish language
Bedros Kirkorov (born 1932), Bulgarian and Russian singer and bandleader of Armenian origin
Bedros Magakyan (1826–1891), Ottoman-Armenian actor and theater director and founder of the Armenian Oriental Theatre
Bedros Parian (1873–1896), better known by his nom de guerre Papken Siuni, important figure in the Armenian national movement and the Armenian Revolutionary Federation
Bedros Sirabyan (1833–1898), Ottoman-Armenian painter
Bedros Tourian (1851–1872), famous Armenian poet, playwright and actor.

See also
Petrosian / Bedrosian / Bedrossian

Armenian masculine given names
Masculine given names


Peter Bailey Williams (August 1763 – 22 November 1836) was a Welsh Anglican priest and amateur antiquarian. It is also claimed that he led the first rock climb recorded in the United Kingdom.

Life
Williams was the son of Peter Williams, one of the early leaders of the Welsh Methodist revival, a pioneering bible publisher and biblical commentator. He was born in Llandyfaelog, Carmarthenshire, west Wales.  After being educated at the grammar school in Carmarthen, he studied at the University of Oxford, matriculating from Jesus College, Oxford in 1785 and graduating with a Bachelor of Arts degree from Christ Church, Oxford in 1790.  He was ordained in 1788 and served in Eastleach Martin (Gloucestershire), Swinbrook and Burford (both in Oxfordshire) before becoming rector of Llanrug and Llanberis in Caernarfonshire, north Wales, holding these posts until his death on 22 November 1836. His son, Henry Bayley Williams, later became rector of Llanrug and Llanberis.

In addition to his parish duties, Williams wrote for journals and assisted both young and more established writers with historical information for their work.  He copied several manuscripts of medieval poems, but his antiquarian work was not highly regarded.  He contributed to The Tourist's Guide to the County of Carnarvon (1821) and established the first Sunday school in the county, at Llanrug in 1793.

References

1763 births
1836 deaths
19th-century Welsh Anglican priests
Welsh antiquarians
Alumni of Jesus College, Oxford
Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford
British rock climbers
People from Caernarfonshire


Teppo Turkki (born 29 October 1958), a native of Finland has been working with his visions and insights into the future of many aspects of information society, culture, media and our daily lives. He is also a specialist for development of ICT, culture industries and economics and change in the societies in East Asia, especially in Japan and Korea. He works as the head of the Finland’s Trade and Innovation Office Finpro. In this post, he is effectively the de facto representative of Finland in Taiwan.

Career
Teppo Turkki initially worked as a researcher in SITRA (1996–1998), then worked as an Executive Adviser for the CEO from Elisa Corporation, a leading nationwide communications group in Finland (1998–2003). In this position he learned how the digital culture may influence the creation of individual identities and the establishment of diverse groups. Earlier he worked as director of the audiovisual journalism programme in the Department of Film and Television, at the University of Art and Design in Helsinki.

He was a visiting scholar in Waseda University (2003–05) in Tokyo. Turkki is also a Research Fellow for the Centre for Global Communications at the International University of Japan (2005–07). Turkki currently serves as an expert in many committees of the Ministries of Finland, including: Advisory Committee of Creative Industries, Ministry of Employment and Trade, Council of Research, SITRA The Finnish National Fund for Research and Development, Finnish National Commission for UNESCO, Chairman of the Committee for Communication and Media, Cultural Forum of Council of State, Advisory Committee of Information Technology, Ministry of Education, Member of the Board of Governors, Finnish Broadcasting Company.

His last post in Finland was as a director of the Institute for Art, Development and Education for art universities of Finland (2005–2008).

Publications
Turkki wrote a  book about Japan, Kahdeksan pilven takaa – Japanin murros ja uusi nousu, EDITA (2005), and a book about digital culture titled Minuus Mediassa- Uusia Identiteettejä Metsästämässä (1998).

Other activities
Although Turkki has been politically nonpartisan, he was influential in the alternative movements such as the Koijärvi Movement during the 1980s, which eventually resulted in the formation of the Green League.

Turkki was one of the founders of Finland's first local radio station, Radio City, and has worked as a journalist and columnist in Finland's leading media providers. He has also directed and written several documentary programmes and extensive serials for TV and radio.  He is a founder Kan Sei Consulting Ltd, where he currently works as an executive director and researcher.

References

1958 births
Finnish writers
Living people


The 8th Mountain Division () was formed on 27 February 1945 by the redesignation of the 157th Mountain Division, which itself had been formed from the 157th Infantry Division in September 1944, and which had participated in operations against the maquis of Vercors. The division was stationed in France until the Italian surrender when it then moved to Italy taking 5,772 prisoners in two days during the disarmament of the Italian Army. The division remained in Italy for the rest of the war and surrendered to the Americans in April, 1945.

Commander
Generalleutnant Paul Schricker

Order of battle
Gebirgsjäger Regiment 296
3 x Battalions
Gebirgsjäger Regiment 297
3 x Battalions
Gebirgs Artillery Regiment 1057
Feldersatz Battalion 1057
Panzerjäger Battalion 157
Reconnaissance Battalion 1057
Gebirgs Pionier Battalion 1057
Gebirgs Signals Battalion 1057
Division Supply troop 1057

References

Further reading
James Lucas - Hitler's Mountain Troops: Fighting at the extremes
Veit Scherzer - 8. Gebirgs-Division
Gordon Williamson - German Mountain & Ski Troops 1939-45

8
Military units and formations established in 1945
Military units and formations disestablished in 1945
Infantry divisions of Germany during World War II


Miguel Anselmo Azcona Bernad, S.J. (May 8, 1917 – March 15, 2009) was a Filipino Jesuit priest, educator, linguist, critic, academic, historian, author, journalist and editor. Son of Misamis Mayor and Misamis Occidental Governor Don Anselmo Bernad, he entered the Society of Jesus on June 7, 1932 and was ordained March 24, 1946 in the Fordham University Church. He was editor-in-chief of Philippine Studies from 1956 to 1959  and founder of Kinaadman Journal Research Office in 1979.

His doctoral dissertation at Yale University (1951) was entitled, "The Faculty of Arts in the Jesuit Colleges in the Eastern Part of the United States: Theory and Practice, 1782−1923." A few of his early publications treat Jesuit education, notably "The Class of Humanities in the Ratio Studiorum" (1953) and "The Ignatian Way in Education" (1956). Worldcat credits Bernad with 72 works in 216 publications.

His memorabilia collection is housed at Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan. He was buried at the Manresa Jesuit Cemetery at SEARSOLIN, a research center of the university.

Partial bibliography

 "The class of Humanities in the Ratio studiorum," Jesuit Educational Quarterly 15 (March 1953): 197–205. Available through the Jesuit Portal.
 "The Ignatian Way in Education," Philippine Studies 4:2 (1956): 195−214. Available through JStor.
Religious revolution in the Philippines (1960-). With Pedro S. de Achútegui (Manila, Ateneo de Manila)
Bamboo and the greenwood tree; essays on Filipino literature in English. (1961) (Manila, Bookmark)
Written on bamboo and silk : the beginnings of Chinese books and inscriptions. (1962) (Tsuen-hsuin Tsien)
"Philippine literature : a twofold renaissance" (1963) Thought, Fordham University quarterly, vol. xxxvii, no. 146, autumn 1962
History against the landscape; personal and historical essays about the Philippines (1968) (Manila, Solidaridad Pub. House)
The Christianization of the Philippines : problems and perspectives. (1972) (Manila : Filipiniana Book Guild)
Aguinaldo and the revolution of 1896 : a documentary history. With by Pedro S. de Achútegui. (1972) (Manila, Philippines: Ateneo de Manila)
Tradition & discontinuity : essays on Philippine history & culture (1983) (Metro Manila : National Book Store)
The golden world and the darkness : Shakespearean plays and their performance (2003) (Malate, Manila, Philippines : De La Salle University Press)
The great island : studies in the exploration and evangelization of Mindanao (2005) (Ateneo De Manila Univ Pr)
The waiter and the fisherman : and other essays in literature and culture (2008) (Quezon City : Ateneo de Manila University Press)

Further reading

Aurora Caballero Arquisola, An appreciative study of the works of Father Miguel A. Bernad, S.J. Dissertation (University of Michigan, 1973).

Eduardo Jose E. Calasanz, "Rev. Miguel Anselmo A. Bernad, S.J. 1917-2009," Philippine Studies, Vol. 57, No. 3, Social Fantasies (september 2009): 443−46. This obituary is available at JStor.

Fr. Miguel Anselmo Bernad Memorabilia Collection on Facebook.

References

1917 births
2009 deaths
20th-century Filipino Jesuits
Filipino writers
Filipino journalists
Academic staff of Ateneo de Manila University
Tamkang University
People from Misamis Occidental
20th-century journalists


The 1980 AFC Youth Championship was held from 21 February to 1 March 1981 in Bangkok, Thailand. The tournament was won by for the fifth time by South Korea.

Qualification

The finals will consist of five teams from the qualification phase.  Qualification consisted of two groups with the top two of Group 1 and the top three of Group 2 qualifying for the final tournament.

Qualified teams
 (Qualification Group 1 winners)
 (Qualification Group 1 runners-up)
 (Qualification Group 2 winners)
 (Qualification Group 2 runners-up)
 (Qualification Group 2 third place)

Final tournament

Winner

Qualification to World Youth Championship
The following teams qualified for the 1981 FIFA World Youth Championship.

References
Garin, Erik, "Asian U-19 Championship 1980". RSSSF

1980
1980
Youth
1980 in Thai sport
1980 in youth association football
February 1980 sports events in Thailand
March 1980 sports events in Thailand


John Stevenson Salt (25 June 1775 – 16 August 1845) was an English barrister, banker and land owner.

He was born in June 1775, the son of Thomas Salt (died 1788) of Rugeley, Staffordshire and Elizabeth Stevenson. He was baptised 7 August 1775 in Aston, Warwickshire.

He married in 1800 Sarah Stevenson, granddaughter of William Stevenson, founder in 1737 of Stevenson's Bank in Stafford. The bank was established at Cheapside, London in 1788. Salt became a partner in the bank, which in 1801 was renamed Stevenson and Salt. In 1867 it merged with Bosanquet & Co and later with Lloyds Banking Company.

He owned estates at Weeping Cross, Stafford where in 1813 he built the White House, and at Standon Hall, Staffordshire. He served as High Sheriff of Staffordshire in 1838.

His ten children included:

 Thomas Salt (b 1791) his heir, who replaced the White House with a new mansion, Baswich House, built in 1850 (and demolished in March 2009). His son was Sir Thomas Salt Bt. MP.
 William Salt (1808–1863), banker and antiquarian, after whom the William Salt Library at Stafford is named.
 Rev Joseph Salt (1810–1862), Rector of Standon, Staffordshire from 1845.

References

 Handbook of London Bankers Frederick G Price (1970) p 17. Google Books.
 A Survey of Staffordshire, containing the Antiquities of that County Sampson and Erdeswick (1829) p99. Google Books.

1775 births
1845 deaths
English bankers
High Sheriffs of Staffordshire
People from Rugeley


Vertico spatially modulated illumination (Vertico-SMI) is the fastest light microscope for the 3D analysis of complete cells in the nanometer range. It is based on two technologies developed in 1996, SMI (spatially modulated illumination) and SPDM (spectral precision distance microscopy). The effective optical resolution of this optical nanoscope has reached the vicinity of 5 nm in 2D and 40 nm in 3D, greatly surpassing the λ/2 resolution limit (about 200 nm for blue light) applying to standard microscopy using transmission or reflection of natural light (as opposed to structured illumination or fluorescence) according to the Abbe resolution limit That limit (also known as the Rayleigh limit) had been determined by Ernst Abbe in 1873 and governs the achievable resolution limit of microscopes using conventional techniques.

The Vertico-SMI microscope was developed by a team led by Christoph Cremer, emeritus at Heidelberg University, and is based on the combination of light optical techniques of localization microscopy (SPDM, spectral precision distance microscopy) and structured illumination (SMI, spatially modulated illumination).

Since March 2008 many standard fluorescent dyes like GFP and Alexa fluorescent dyes can be used with this so-called SPDMphymod (physically modifiable fluorophores) localization microscopy, for which only one single laser wavelength of suitable intensity is sufficient for nanoimaging.

Configuration
SMI stands for a special type of laser optical illumination (spatially modulated illumination) and Vertico reflects the vertical arrangement of the microscope axis which renders possible the analysis of fixed cells but also of living cells with an optical resolution below 10 nanometers (1 nanometer = 1 nm = 1 × 10−9 m).

A particularity of this technology compared with focusing techniques such as 4Pi microscopy, is the wide field exposures which allow entire cells to be depicted at the nano scale. Such a 3D exposure of a whole cell with a typical object size of 20 µm × 20 µm require only 2 minutes.  Wide field exposures signify that the entire object is illuminated and detected simultaneously.

Spatially modulated illumination

SMI microscopy is a light optical process of the so-called point spread function-engineering. These are processes which modify the point spread function (PSF) of a microscope in a suitable manner to either increase the optical resolution, to maximize the precision of distance measurements of fluorescent objects that are small relative to the wavelength of the illuminating light, or to extract other structural parameters in the nanometer range.

The SMI microscope being developed at the Kirchhoff Institute for Physics at Heidelberg University achieves this in the following manner: The illumination intensity within the object range is not uniform, unlike conventional wide field fluorescence microscopes, but is spatially modulated in a precise manner by the use of two opposing interfering laser beams along the axis.  The principle of the spatially modulated wave field was developed in 1993 by Bailey et al.  The SMI microscopy approach used in the Heidelberg application moves the object in high-precision steps through the wave field, or the wave field itself is moved relative to the object by phase shift.  This results in an improved axial size and distance resolution.

SMI can be combined with other super resolution technologies, for instance with 3D LIMON or LSI-TIRF as a total internal reflection interferometer with laterally structured illumination. This SMI technique allowed to acquire light-optical images of autofluorophore distributions in the sections from human eye tissue with previously unmatched optical resolution. Use of three different excitation wavelengths (488, 568 and 647 nm), enables to gather spectral information about the autofluorescence signal. This has been used for of human eye tissue affected by macular degeneration AMD.

SPDM: localization microscopy

A single, tiny source of light can be located much better than the resolution of a microscope: Although the light will produce a blurry spot, computer algorithms can be used to accurately calculate the center of the blurry spot, taking into account the point spread function of the microscope, the noise properties of the detector, and so on. However, this approach does not work when there are too many sources close to each other: The sources all blur together.

SPDM (spectral precision distance microscopy) is a family of techniques in fluorescence microscopy which gets around this problem by measuring just a few sources at a time, so that each source is "optically isolated" from the others (i.e., separated by more than the microscope's resolution, typically ~200-250 nm). Then, the above technique (finding the center of each blurry spot) can be used.

If the molecules have a variety of different spectra (absorption spectra and/or emission spectra), then it is possible to look at light from just a few molecules at a time by using the appropriate light sources and filters. Molecules can also be distinguished in more subtle ways based on fluorescent lifetime and other techniques.

The structural resolution achievable using SPDM can be expressed in terms of the smallest measurable distance between two in their spatial position determined punctiform particle of different spectral characteristics ("topological resolution").  Modeling has shown that under suitable conditions regarding the precision of localization, particle density etc., the "topological resolution" corresponds to a "space frequency" which in terms of the classical definition is equivalent to a much improved optical resolution.

SPDM is a localization microscopy which achieves an effective optical resolution several times better than the conventional optical resolution (approx. 200-250 nm), represented by the half-width of the main maximum of the effective point image function.  By applying suitable laser optical precision processes, position and distances significantly smaller than the half-width of the point spread function (conventionally 200-250 nm) can be measured with nanometer accuracy between targets with different spectral signatures. An important area of application is genome research (study of the functional organization of the genome).  Another important area of use is research into the structure of membranes.

One of the most important basics of the localization microscopy in general is the first experimental work for the localization of fluorescent objects in the nanoscale (3D) in 1996  and theoretical and experimental proof for a localization accuracy using visible light in the range of 1 nm – the basis for localization microscopy better than 1/100 of the wavelength.

SPDMphymod: standard fluorescent dyes in the blinking mode like GFP

Only in the past two years have molecules been used in nanoscopic studies which emit the same spectral light frequency (but with different spectral signatures based on the flashing characteristics) but which can be switched on and off by means of light as is necessary for spectral precision distance microscopy.  By combining many thousands of images of the same cell, it was possible using laser optical precision measurements to record localization images with significantly improved optical resolution.  The application of these novel nanoscopy processes appeared until recently very difficult because it was assumed that only specially manufactured molecules could be switched on and off in a suitable manner by using light.

In March 2008 Christoph Cremer’s lab discovered that this was also possible for many standard fluorescent dye like GFP, Alexa dyes and fluorescein molecules, provided certain photo-physical conditions are present. Using this so-called SPDMphymod (physically modifiable fluorophores) technology a single laser wavelength of suitable intensity is sufficient for nanoimaging. In contrast other localization microscopies need two laser wavelengths when special photo-switchable/photo-activatable fluorescence molecules are used.

The GFP gene has been introduced and expressed in many procaryotic and eucaryotic cells and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008 was awarded to Martin Chalfie, Osamu Shimomura, and Roger Y. Tsien for their discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein. The finding that these standard fluorescent molecules can be used extends the applicability of the SPMD method to numerous research fields in biophysics, cell biology and medicine.

Standard fluorescent dyes already successfully used with the SPDMphymod technology: GFP, RFP, YFP, Alexa 488, Alexa 568, Alexa 647, Cy2, Cy3, Atto 488 and fluorescein.

LIMON: 3D super resolution microscopy
LIMON (Light MicrOscopical nanosizing microscopy) was invented in 2001 at the University of Heidelberg and combines localization microscopy and spatially modulated illumination to the 3D super resolution microscopy.

The 3D images using Vertico-SMI are made possible by the combination of SMI and SPDM, whereby first the SMI and then the SPDM process is applied.  The SMI process determines the center of particles and their spread in the direction of the microscope axis.  While the center of particles/molecules can be determined with a 1-2 nm precision, the spread around this point can be determined down to an axial diameter of approx. 30-40 nm.

Subsequently, the lateral position of the individual particles/molecules is determined using SPDM, achieving a precision of a few nanometers.  At present, SPDM achieves 16 frames/sec with an effective resolution of 10 nm in 2D (object plane); approximately 2000 such frames are combined with SMI data (ca. 10 sec acquisition time) to achieve a three-dimensional image of highest resolution (effective optical 3D resolution ca. 40-50 nm).  With a faster camera, one can expect even higher rates (up to several hundred frames/sec, under development).  Using suitable dyes, even higher effective optical 3D resolutions should be possible

By combining SPDMphymod with SMI (both invented in Christoph Cremer´s lab in 1996) a 3D dual colour reconstruction of the spatial arrangements of Her2/neu and Her3 clusters was achieved. The positions in all three directions of the protein clusters could be determined with an accuracy of about 25 nm.

Use of super resolution microscopy in industry
Despite its use in biomedical labs, super resolution technologies could serve as important tools in pharmaceutical research. They could be especially helpful in the identification and valuation of targets. For example, biomolecular machines (BMM) are highly complex nanostructures consisting of several large molecules and which are responsible for basic functions in the body cells. Depending on their functional status, they have a defined 3D structure. Examples of biomolecular machines are nucleosomes which enable the DNA, a two meter long carrier of genetic information, to fold in the body cells in a space of a few millionth of a millimeter in diameter only. Therefore, the DNA can serve as an information and control center.

By using LIMON 3D in combination with LIMON complex labeling, it is possible for the first time to make hidden proteins or nucleic acids of a 3D-molecule complex of the so-called biomolecular machines visible without destroying the complex. Up to now, the problem in most cases was that the complex had to be destroyed for detailed analysis of the individual macromolecules therein. Alternatively, virtual computer simulation models or expensive nuclear magnetic resonance methods were used to visualize the three-dimensional structure of such complexes.

Literature

External links
 GFP Superresolution
 Publication list optical nanoscopy
 press release of the University of Heidelberg

Fluorescence
Optical microscopy techniques


Count of Atouguia (in Portuguese Conde de Atouguia) was a Portuguese title of nobility created by a royal decree, dated from 17 December 1448, by King Afonso V of Portugal, and granted to D. Álvaro Gonçalves de Ataíde.

This title became extinct due to the 11th Count involvement in the Távora affair. The plot was discovered, the count was executed and his House and estates were confiscated.

List of the Counts of Atouguia (1448)
D. Álvaro Gonçalves de Ataíde (c. 1390 -1452);
D. Martinho de Ataíde (c. 1415 - 1499), his son;
D. Luís de Ataíde (1516 - 1581), his great-grandson, 10th Viceroy of India;
D. João Gonçalves de Ataíde (c.1560 - ? ), his 2nd cousin;
D. Luís de Ataíde (c. 1570 - ? ), his son;
D. Jerónimo de Ataíde (c. 1610 - 1665), his son;
D. Manuel Luís de Ataíde (c. 1640 - ? ), his older son;
D. Luís Peregrino de Ataíde (c. 1662 - 1689), his younger brother;
D. Jerónimo de Ataíde (c. 1680 - 1720), his son;
D. Luís Peregrino de Ataíde (1700 - ? ), his son, 6th Viceroy of Brazil;
D. Jerónimo de Ataíde (1721 - 1759), his son.

Family Name
The family name associated with the Counts of Atouguia was Ataíde.

See also
List of Countships in Portugal

Bibliography
 Vila-Santa, Nuno, "A Casa de Atouguia, os Últimos Avis e o Império: Dinâmicas entrecruzadas na carreira de D. Luís de Ataíde (1516-1581)", PhD thesis, Lisbon, FCSH-UNL, 2013.
 Vila-Santa, Nuno, “Uma linhagem, Duas Casas: em torno dos Ataídes e das origens das Casas da Atouguia e da Castanheira (Séculos XV-XVI)”, Fragmenta Historica, nº 4, 2016, pp. 13-45.

"Nobreza de Portugal e do Brasil" – Vol. II, pages 331/337. Published by Zairol Lda., Lisbon 1989.

External links
Genealogy of the Counts of Atouguia, in Portuguese

References

Atouguia
1448 establishments in Portugal
Portuguese noble families


George Forrester may refer to:

George Forrester (footballer, born 1927) (1927–1981), English football player
George Forrester (footballer, born 1934) (1934–2001), Scottish football player
George Forrester (cricketer) (1890–1959), Scottish cricketer
George Forrester, 1st Lord Forrester (died 1654), created Lord Forrester in 1633
George Forrester, 5th Lord Forrester (1688–1727)
George Forrester, 6th Lord Forrester (1724–1748)
George Forrester and Company, a British marine engine and locomotive manufacturer

See also
Forrester (surname)


Metal Edge was a magazine covering heavy metal music published by Zenbu Media. The magazine was founded in the summer of 1985, during the height of glam metal's success. Zenbu Media acquired Metal Edge in February 2007.

Both Metal Edge and its sister publication, Metal Maniacs, ceased operations in 2009.

While its sister publication, Metal Maniacs focused more on extreme subgenres of heavy metal such as thrash metal and death metal, Metal Edge focused more on glam metal and traditional heavy metal

In March 2019, posts and a new logo were made to the Metal Edge Facebook page, indicating that the magazine may be making a return in the near future. According to the page, the magazine is owned by To11 Media as of 2019

References

Music magazines published in the United States
Defunct magazines published in the United States
Heavy metal publications
Magazines established in 1985
Magazines disestablished in 2009
1985 establishments in the United States

Project M Group brands


A Class by Himself is a British sitcom that aired from 1971 to 1972. The half-hour series was made by HTV and starred John Le Mesurier of Dad's Army fame as Lord Bleasham.

Cast
John Le Mesurier - Lord Bleasham
Seretta Wilson - Joanna Bleasham
Richard Stilgoe - Barneby Locke
Peter Butterworth - Clutton

Episodes

Pilot (1971)
The Thumbe of Barneby Locke (14 January 1971)

Series 1 (1972)
A Rolls Is a Rolls Is a Rolls (13 September 1972)
The Bleasham Memoirs (20 September 1972)
Restoration Comedy (27 September 1972)
Guess Who's Coming to Lunch (4 October 1972)
The Servant Problem (11 October 1972)
The Bath Chap (18 October 1972)

Archive Status

As of January 2023, the pilot and five out of six episodes are missing with no known copies surviving. Only the first episode, A Rolls Is a Rolls Is a Rolls  remains in the archives.

References

External links

1970s British sitcoms
1971 British television series debuts
1972 British television series endings
ITV sitcoms


Alan Gordon Forcett Scott (25 August 1900 – 2 October 1982) was an Australian rules footballer who played for St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He also had a noted career in Tasmania in both the Northern Tasmanian Football Association (NTFA) and Tasmanian Football League (TFL).

Football

North Launceston
Scott, a Tasmanian, started his career at North Launceston, where his twin brother Don also played. He was a member of their 1923 and 1925 NTFA premierships.

Warracknabeal
The 1926 season was spent at Warracknabeal in country Victoria, where he had gone to study "scientific farming".

While studying at Warracknabeal he played football with the Warracknabeal Football Club in the Wimmera Football League.

Cananore
In 1927, he returned to Tasmania, and began his two-season stint with Cananore, which included a premiership in 1927.

St Kilda
A ruckman who could be used in the key positions, Scott returned to the mainland in 1929 to play for St Kilda.

He played his first senior VFL match when nearly 29 years old for St Kilda against Geelong, in round 3 of 1929 at the Junction Oval. On that same day, another Tasmanian and former Cananore player, Ted Terry, also made his debut for St Kilda.

He participated in a rare St Kilda finals series, kicking two goals in an eight-point semi final loss to Carlton at the MCG.

North Launceston
Back at North Launceston in 1931, Scott was appointed captain-coach and steered them to another premiership.

New Town
In 1933, his final season, he captain-coached New Town.

Interstate Football
During his career, Scott represented Tasmania at both the 1924 Hobart and 1927 Melbourne Carnivals.

Tasmanian Football Hall of Fame
He was one of the inaugural inductees into the Tasmanian Football Hall of Fame in 2005.

See also
 1924 Hobart Carnival
 1927 Melbourne Carnival

Footnotes

References
Holmesby, Russell and Main, Jim (2007). The Encyclopedia of AFL Footballers. 7th ed. Melbourne: Bas Publishing.

External links

1900 births
1982 deaths
Australian rules footballers from Tasmania
St Kilda Football Club players
Cananore Football Club players
Glenorchy Football Club players
North Launceston Football Club players
North Launceston Football Club coaches
Tasmanian Football Hall of Fame inductees
Australian twins


Created by the Assembly of European Regions (AER), the Youth Regional Network (YRN) is a platform of regional-level youth organisations, councils and parliaments from across wider Europe. The platform works as a forum where young people can influence regional and European policy while exchanging experiences and good practice.
At the general Assembly in Brussels on 10 March 2023, YRN members elected their presidium, which is composed as follow:

 YRN President: Jim Simonsen Jenssen (Nordland, NO)
 Vice-President, Anette Amalie Bang (Nordland, NO)
 Vice-President, Norbert Nagy (Salaj, RO)
 Chair of the TC on Youth Participation & Governance: Sigrun Myrvang (Innlandet, NO)
 Chair of the TC on Mental Health & Wellbeing: Daria Sustrietova (Kirovohrad, UA)
 Chair of the TC on Gender Equality & Women Empowerment: Maylinda Bajrami (Tirana, AL)

Background

AER's Youth Regional Network was established on 25 November 2008 in Wiesbaden (Hessen region, Germany), where a founding meeting of ninety young people representing 55 European regions launched Europe's first platform of regional youth councils, parliaments and organisations. They adopted the Wiesbaden Resolution, in order to define their main priorities and goals.

The YRN was founded on the idea that decision-making should be based upon the principle of subsidiarity. This means that, on the one hand, youth policy at European level should reflect the diversity of the regions and of the young people that live in those regions. On the other hand, youth policy within the regions should maintain a European dimension so that the common challenges faced by all young people can be tackled in co-operation with the sharing of ideas, knowledge and experiences.

2010 In order to ensure that YRN  functions as a genuine platform linking regional youth Councils/parliaments/NGOs with AER and its activities, the AER General Assembly agrees to adopt the Declaration on Enhanced Cooperation with YRN, which marks the recognition of its role and commitment within AER, among AER member regions & at the European level.

2013 YRN adopted its statutes, rule of procedures and strategic priorities. From May 2013, YRN got a seat in the AER Executive Board.

Mission

The mission of the YRN is to provide young people the opportunity to exchange views with other young people in order to get them more involved at the European and regional democratic processes.

Objectives

There YRN has four main objectives: networking, influencing policy, exchanging best practice and experience and promoting sustainable governance.

See also

Youth Participation

Youth Summer Academy: Held annually over a five-day period, each summer academy focuses upon a specific theme and is hosted by an AER member region. The concept of the AER Summer Academy evolved in 1996 as a response to the increase in AER member regions coming from the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The Summer Academy was therefore designed as a tool to facilitate the exchange of experience and information. The Summer Academy has since evolved into an annual forum for exchange of experience in the area of regional development in Europe.

AER Youth Participation Report: The AER Youth Participation Report aims at promoting the involvement of young people in regional and national political processes and public life, by promoting the work done by regional and national youth councils, parliaments and organization across wider Europe and identifying good practices in this field.

Awards

"Do you speak European?" competition: this annual public speaking and personal expression contest gives teams of young people aged between 14 and 18 the opportunity to answer the question "What does Europe mean to you?". The competition's European-level final is preceded by regional and national heats that take place across the whole of Europe.

The Most Youth-Friendly European Region (MYFER) Award: in 2001, AER launched an award for the Most Youth-Friendly European Region. The award is presented every two years to the region that submits the most outstanding project or other initiative promoting youth issues. The 2014 edition of the Most Youth Friendly Region award (MYFER) will seek to underpin the topic of youth participation in democratic life with examples of best practice from the European regions.

Other

AER European Citizens Forums: The forums aim to engage young citizens and regional politicians in a debate with representatives of the European Union on the future of Europe.

Eurodyssey: Eurodyssey is an interregional programme promoting vocational training and the mobility of young people across Europe.

Promoting Youth Employment: The ‘Promoting Youth Employment’ (PYE) project aims to foster best practice and facilitate youth employment through the exchange of best practice at regional level.

External links
 "Assembly of European Regions"
 "AER Youth activities"
 "AER Youth Regional Network"

Events
2023
 Youth Regional Network – Capacity-building weekend in Koppang, Innlandet, 22-24 September 2023: This meeting focused on the "Youth participation in practice"

2013
 YRN Fall Plenary meeting, 14-17 November 2013, Sfantu Gheorghe (RO): This meeting focused on the "Role of Education in Inclusive Society"
 YRN Spring Plenary meeting, 6 May 2013, Brussels (B)
 AER Conference on the Crisis and the Regions: "Youth as a source and a lever of regional growth in times of crisis", 8 March 2013, Warsaw (PL)

2012
 YRN Fall Plenary Meeting, 8–9 October 2012, Strasbourg (F): "Youth Democracy: Engagement & Influence in European Policy"
 YRN Spring Plenary Meeting, 7–9 May 2012, Vienna (A): "Equal Rights for all"

2011
 AER Youth Regional Network Fall Plenary & Seminar on Eastern Partnership, 27–28 October 2013, Wroclaw (PL)
 AER Youth Regional Network Spring Plenary Meeting & Conference on Youth Mobility, 21 April 2011, Orléans (F)
 YRN Presidium Meeting, 21–22 February 2011, Strasbourg (F)

2010
 YRN Spring Plenary meeting, 7–9 June 2010, Donja Stubica (HR): "Empowering youth through subisdiarity"

2009
 YRN's Take on Youth Employment & Autumn Plenary, 10–12 December 2009 in Paris  (F)
 "On the eve of the European elections" and Spring Plenary, 20–22 May 2009 in Krzyzowa (Dolny Slask, PL)

2008
 First Meeting of the AER Youth Regional Network on 23–25 November 2008 in Wiesbaden (Hessen, D): "The future belongs to us - but how should we handle it?"

References

International organizations based in Europe
Youth organizations based in Europe


The German 8th Infantry Division (8. Infanterie-Division) was formed in Oppeln on 1 October 1934 under the cover name Artillerieführer III which was used until 15 October 1935. It was mobilized in August 1939 and took part in the Invasion of Poland, the Battle of France and Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union. On 1 December 1941, it was reorganized and redesignated 8th Light Infantry Division. It was again redesignated on 30 June 1942 as the 8th Jäger Division. It surrendered to the Red Army in Moravia in May 1945.

Background
The main purpose of the German Jäger Divisions was to fight in adverse terrain where smaller, coordinated units were more facilely combat capable than the brute force offered by the standard infantry divisions. The Jäger divisions were more heavily equipped than mountain divisions, but not as well armed as a larger infantry division. In the early stages of the war, they were the interface divisions fighting in rough terrain and foothills as well as urban areas, between the mountains and the plains. The Jägers (means hunters in German) relied on a high degree of training, and slightly superior communications, as well as their not inconsiderable artillery support. In the middle stages of the war, as the standard infantry divisions were downsized, the Jäger structure of divisions with two infantry regiments, became the standard table of organization.

In 1943, Adolf Hitler declared that all infantry divisions were now Grenadier Divisions except for his elite Jäger and Mountain Jaeger divisions.

Area of operations
 Poland (September 1939 – May 1940)
 France (May 1940 – June 1941)
 Eastern front (June 1941 – December 1941)
As 8th Light Infantry Division
 France (December 1941 – March 1942)
 Eastern front, northern sector (March 1942 – June 1942)
As 8th Jäger Division
 Eastern front, northern sector (June 1942 – March 1944)
 Eastern front, southern sector (March 1944 – May 1945)

Commanders
 General der Kavallerie Rudolf Koch-Erpach (15 October 1935 – 25 October 1940)
 General der Infanterie Gustav Höhne (25 October 1940 – 23 July 1942)
 General der Panzertruppe Gerhard Graf von Schwerin (23 July 1942 – 13 November 1942)
 General der Gebirgstruppe Friedrich-Jobst Volckamer von Kirchensittenbach (13 November 1942 – 1 September 1944)
 Generalleutnant Christian Philipp (1 September 1944 – April 1945)

Order of battle
 Jäger Regiment 28
 Jäger Regiment 38
 Radfahr Battalion 8
 Artillery Regiment 8
 Pionier Battalion 8
 Panzerjäger Battalion 8
 Signals Battalion 8
 Feldersatz Battalion 8
 Versorgungseinheiten 8

Notes

References
Burkhard Müller-Hillebrand: Das Heer 1933–1945. Entwicklung des organisatorischen Aufbaues. Vol. III: Der Zweifrontenkrieg. Das Heer vom Beginn des Feldzuges gegen die Sowjetunion bis zum Kriegsende. Mittler: Frankfurt am Main 1969, p. 285.
 Georg Tessin: Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg, 1939–1945. Vol. III: Die Landstreitkräfte 6–14. Mittler: Frankfurt am Main 1967.

Jäger Divisions
Military units and formations established in 1942
1942 establishments in Germany
Military units and formations disestablished in 1945


George Hogg Forrester (28 August 1934 – 13 April 2001) was a Scottish footballer who played as a full back. He played for Accrington Stanley from 1960 until they dropped out of the Football League in 1962, and also played in the Scottish Football League for Brechin City and Dundee United. He played for non-League club Eyemouth United when they reached the quarter-finals of the Scottish Cup in 1959–60, and also helped Altrincham reach the third round of the FA Cup for the first time.

Playing career
George Forrester was born in Edinburgh on 28 August 1934. He was a youth player with Raith Rovers before joining Sunderland in 1953, where he failed to make a first-team appearance. He was given a free transfer in May 1954. He returned to Raith Rovers and then joined Dundee, but again didn't appear for either club's first team. After receiving a free transfer from Dundee, he had a brief spell with Brechin City between September and November 1957, playing in one league match. Forrester then signed for Dundee United in February 1958, where he made nine league appearances before leaving the club in September 1958.

Forrester later joined Eyemouth United in the East of Scotland League. He was a member of the Eyemouth team that reached the quarter-finals of the Scottish Cup in 1959–60, the only club from the East of Scotland League ever to do so, before losing to eventual finalists Kilmarnock. The Cup run attracted the attention of Accrington Stanley, who signed Forrester in February 1960 for around £1000. He was a regular member of the Accrington team, making 87 appearances up until they resigned from the Football League in March 1962 due to financial problems.

After leaving Accrington, Forrester ended the 1961–62 season with Sankeys of Wellington in the Cheshire County League. He went on to spend three years with the club. In 1965 he joined Altrincham, where he was made captain. In his only season at Altrincham, the club won the Cheshire County League title, were runners-up in the Cheshire County League Cup and reached the third round of the FA Cup for the first time in the club's history, eventually losing to Wolverhampton Wanderers. Despite these successes, Forrester was allowed to leave at the end of the 1965–66 season and subsequently joined another Cheshire County League team, Macclesfield Town. After winning the County League title in 1968, Macclesfield played the 1968–69 season in the new Northern Premier League, becoming its first champions. Forrester retired in 1969, having also won the Cheshire County Cup in his final season.

After football
After retiring Forrester maintained his connection with Macclesfield, running the Moss Rose Hotel adjacent to the club's Moss Rose ground. He died in 2001 in his native Edinburgh.

References

External links

1934 births
Footballers from Edinburgh
2001 deaths
Scottish men's footballers
Scottish Football League players
English Football League players
Sunderland A.F.C. players
Raith Rovers F.C. players
Brechin City F.C. players
Dundee United F.C. players
Eyemouth United F.C. players
Accrington Stanley F.C. (1891) players
Altrincham F.C. players
Macclesfield Town F.C. players
GKN Sankey F.C. players
Dundee F.C. players
Men's association football fullbacks


Turkey ham is a ready-to-eat, processed meat made from cooked or cured turkey meat, water and other ingredients such as binders. Turkey ham products contain no pork products. Several companies in the United States produce turkey ham and market it under various brand names. It was invented  by Jennie-O who first introduced it to consumers that year. Around January 1980, the American Meat Institute tried to ban use of the term "turkey ham" for products that are composed solely of turkey and contain no pork. Turkey ham may also be used as a substitute for bacon where religious restrictions forbid the consumption of pork.

Overview
Turkey ham is a processed meat product made primarily from cooked or cured turkey meat and water, formed into the shape of a ham and often sold pre-sliced. It is a ready-to-eat product that can be consumed cold or heated.

Production
Turkey ham is produced from turkey meat such as cured turkey thigh meat and other meat from the animals, which can be machine-deboned. Contrary to the product's name, turkey ham products do not contain ham and pork products. Some turkey ham products are manufactured with added water, which adds moisture and weight, and some include binders, which serves to bind the moisture and fat in the meat to improve texture. Turkey ham is sometimes flavored to resemble the flavor of ham. Turkey ham typically has a 5 percent fat content, and some turkey hams are produced as fat-free. Turkey hams are typically produced in two sizes, whole and half-sized.

Some U.S. producers and brands of turkey ham include Butterball, Cargill, Jennie-O, Louis Rich, Norbest and Oscar Mayer.

History

Turkey ham was developed by Jennie-O and was first introduced to American consumers by the company in 1975. Turkey ham was a successful venture for Jennie-O, as the processed meat brought in revenues that were ten times higher compared to those the company realized from unprocessed turkey thighs.

Labeling
Around January 1980, the American Meat Institute (AMI) attempted to ban the use of the term "turkey ham" for products that contain no ham and are entirely composed of turkey, which the AMI described as "flagrant consumer deception". Use of the term "turkey ham" for such products was also opposed by some ham producers in the United States. Circa this time, the U.S. government began requiring turkey ham producers to include the words "cured turkey thigh meat" on turkey ham packaging. In 2010, it was written in the Handbook of Poultry Science and Technology, Secondary Processing that the term "cured turkey thigh meat" always followed the words "turkey ham" on American turkey ham packaging.

Notes

References

External links

Poultry dishes
Ham
Meleagris


Don Solaris is a 1996 studio album by the British electronic music group 808 State, and their fifth studio album overall. In October 2008, the album was reissued on ZTT Records and an additional bonus disc of unreleased and remixed tracks.

Track listing

Standard edition
 "Intro" – 1:16
 "Bond"  – 5:09
 "Bird" – 3:53
 "Azura"  – 5:30
 "Black Dartagnon" – 5:30
 "Joyrider" – 4:40
 "Lopez"  – 4:17
 "Balboa" – 5:14
 "Kohoutek" – 4:46
 "Mooz"  – 4:35
 "Jerusahat" – 5:12
 "Banacheq" – 5:39
 "Bonded" – 5:50*
 "Chisler" – 5:50*
 * – Appears on Japanese release only

Deluxe edition disc 2
 "Spanish Marching" (Fonphone Mix) – 5:58
 "Joyrider" (A Natural Mix) – 7:01
 "Baton Rouge" (Cajun Mix) – 5:48
 "Lopez" (Instrumental) – 4:25
 "Mondays" (Part One) – 4:56
 "Relay" (Wool Hall Mix One) – 2:54
 "Goa" – 4:09
 "Bonded" – 5:51
 "Paradan" – 5:03
 "The Chisler" – 5:49
 "Lopez" (Brian Eno Mix) – 6:25
 "Joyrider" (Sure Is Pure Remix) – 11:02

Charts

References

1996 albums
808 State albums
Tommy Boy Records albums
ZTT Records albums