The Paisley witches, also known as the Bargarran witches or the Renfrewshire witches, were tried in Paisley, Renfrewshire, central Scotland, in 1697. Eleven-year-old Christian Shaw, daughter of the Laird of Bargarran, complained of being tormented by some local witches; they included one of her family's servants, Catherine Campbell, whom she had reported to her mother after witnessing her steal a drink of milk.

Seven people – Margaret Lang, John Lindsay, James Lindsay, John Reid, Catherine Campbell, Margaret Fulton, and Agnes Naismith – were found guilty of having bewitched Shaw and were condemned to death. One subsequently committed suicide by hanging himself in his prison cell. The other six were hanged and then burned on the Gallow Green in Paisley on 10 June 1697, the last mass execution for witchcraft in western Europe.

Agnes Naismith cursed everyone present at her trial and their descendants, and for many years afterwards every tragedy in Paisley was blamed on her curse. Christian Shaw went on to become a successful businesswoman and manufacturer of thread.

Events
On 17 August 1696, 11-year-old Christian Shaw, the daughter of a local landowner, John Shaw of Bargarran, saw one of her family's servants, Catherine Campbell, steal a drink of milk. Shaw reported the theft to her mother, whereupon Campbell cursed her, wishing that the Devil would "haul her soul through Hell". Four days later Shaw encountered Agnes Naismith, an old woman reputed to be a witch. The following day, 22 August, Shaw became violently ill with fits, similar to the symptoms reported a few years earlier in the American Salem witch trials of 1693. After eight weeks Shaw's parents took her to see the eminent Glasgow physician Matthew Brisbane, who could find no cause for her symptoms. For eight days after her visit Shaw seemed to have recovered, but then "the fits returned with increased violence. She would become as stiff as a corpse and be senseless and motionless".

Shaw's parents took her back to Dr Brisbane, and by the time they arrived back in Glasgow she had begun to pull out of her mouth balls of hair she claimed had been put there by those who were afflicting her. Soon she began to pull other "trash" out of her mouth, including straw, coal, gravel, chicken feathers, and cinders. During her fits she was sometimes heard to be talking to the invisible Catherine Campbell, pleading for a return to their former friendship.

With Brisbane unable to provide any rational explanation for Shaw's condition her family and their local parish minister concluded that she must be possessed and being tormented by witches, a common occurrence in England and Scotland and a central element in the Salem witch trials a few years earlier. The church set up a weekly fast and prayer meeting at Bargarron House, and Shaw's father appealed to the authorities that those named by his daughter as tormenting her should be arrested. She had initially identified only Catherine Campbell and Agnes Naismith, but as time wore on she implicated others, and eventually 35 were accused. Ten were male and twenty female; the sexes and identities of the remaining five are unknown.

Investigation and trial
At the request of the Presbytery of Paisley the Scottish Privy Council set up a commission to investigate the case. Under the chairmanship of Lord Blantyre, the hearing opened on 5 February 1697. The commission's task was to decide whether there was a prima facie case against those accused by Shaw before they were committed for trial.

Seven were subsequently summoned to appear before a second commission in Paisley: Margaret Lang, John Lindsay, James Lindsay, John Reid, Catherine Campbell, Margaret Fulton, and Agnes Naismith. They were charged with murder and tormenting a number of people, including Christian Shaw. Their advocate, James Roberston, argued that the prosecution was obliged to rule out the possibility that the events surrounding the case could be explained by natural causes before a conviction could be safely secured. Matthew Brisbane gave evidence stating that he had been unable to find any such cause for Shaw's condition. James Hutchison, the minister of Kilallan, about  north of Paisley, delivered a sermon to the commission; it was commonplace at the time for a member of the clergy to preach to the court in Scottish witch trials, and they were not infrequently instrumental in securing convictions. Hutchison placed great store on the presence of witches' marks on the bodies of the accused, and cast doubt on the natural explanations of those marks offered by some physicians: "And however doctors may say such and such things of it [a witches' mark], we know not upon what ground. It may be that they have been budded and bribed to say such things".

The jury, confronted by a threat from the prosecutor that if they acquitted the defendants they would be "accessory to all the blasphemies, apostacies, murders, tortures, and seductions, etc., whereof those enemies of heaven and earth shall hereafter be guilty when they get out", found all seven of the accused guilty.

Executions
One of those convicted, James Reid committed suicide by hanging himself in his prison cell, using his handkerchief attached to a nail in the wall. The remaining six were hanged and then burned on the Gallow Green in Paisley on 10 June 1697 the last mass execution for witchcraft in western Europe. John and James Lindsay, brothers from Formakin Mill, near Houston, aged 11 and 14 respectively, held each other's hands as they were hanged together. Catherine Campbell, after having been carried struggling and screaming to the gallows, "called down the wrath of God and the Devil on her accusers" before being despatched. Margaret Fulton appeared to have become insane, and "spoke cheerfully about visits to Elfland and the Abode of the Fairies on the backs of magical horses". Margaret Lang admitted to consorting with the Devil, but said that she had renounced sin and was reconciled with God. Agnes Naismith laid a "dying woman's curse" on everyone present and their descendants; for many years afterwards every tragedy in the town was blamed on "the witches' curse".

One account of the executions states that some of the condemned were still alive when their bodies were burned, and that the executioners borrowed a walking stick from an onlooker with which to push their victims' moving limbs back into the fire; its owner, Mark Canavan, refused to take it back after it had been in contact with witches.

Modern interpretation
The anxiety induced in Christian Shaw by Catherine Campbell's curse may have brought on a conversion disorder in the young girl, the modern name for what was once known as hysteria. The term "conversion" derives from Sigmund Freud's idea that anxiety can be converted into physical symptoms such as the seizures displayed by Shaw.

Michael Wasser has commented that witch trials tended to occur at times of crisis such as Scotland experienced during the late 1690s. The Glorious Revolution of 1688, although it had restored the "presbyterian polity of the kirk", nevertheless left many "disappointed at the low moral tone and lack of religious enthusiasm of their compatriots". The Glencoe Massacre of 1692 and the subsequent inquiry had "eroded the moral legitimacy of the government", and a series of harvest failures from 1695 onwards led to a period of famine. There was also the threat of a French invasion: "as the Bargarron witches were being tried, taxes and troops were being levied in the west to repel the expected invaders".

In 1839 a small hole was discovered in the wall of Shaw's bedroom at Bargarron House, which by then had become a local attraction, through which an accomplice may have passed the items she supposedly removed from her mouth.

Aftermath
Shortly after the trial in 1697 the former Scottish Secretary of State James Johnstone observed that "the parliaments of France and other judicatories who are persuaded of the being of witches never try them now because of the experience they have had that it's impossible to distinguish possession from nature in disorder".

Shaw married the Reverend John Millar, the parish minister of Kilmaurs, Ayrshire, in 1719. He died two years later, after which Shaw went on to become a successful businesswoman. She was involved in the manufacture of thread, at first in a small way, but as the quality of her product began to be recognised, on an increasingly large scale. Her Bargarran trademark thread became a mark of quality, and others in the area began to emulate her techniques, starting an industry in which Paisley once dominated the world, and which shaped the town's history. The last known record of Shaw is her marriage in February 1737 to William Livingstone, a prosperous Edinburgh businessman.

Tribute
In May 2008 a memorial was built at Maxwellton Cross in Paisley, the site where the witches' charred remains were buried. It replaced the original horseshoe marking the spot, which had disappeared during the 1970s, as had its replacement later. The bronze tondo, with a stainless steel horseshoe embedded in it, includes the inscription "Pain Inflicted, Suffering Endured, Injustice Done". A campaign was launched in 2008 petitioning the Scottish Parliament to pardon all the 4000 men, women and children prosecuted under the 16th and 17th-century witchcraft laws, but legislators argued that it was inappropriate to pardon those tried and convicted under the laws of their time.

References

Citations

Bibliography

Further reading

1696 in Europe
1696 in law
1697 in Europe
1697 in law
17th century in Scotland
17th-century trials
Scottish people executed for witchcraft
Executed Scottish women
People accused of witchcraft
Erskine, Renfrewshire
History of Renfrewshire
Witch trials in Scotland


József Zilisy, also known as Giuseppe Zilizzi or Joseph Zilizzi (21 February 1899 – 2 March 1982) was a Hungarian-Italian footballer and football manager.

References
 Alain Pécheral, La grande histoire de l'OM, Éditions L'Équipe, p. 474

External links
Manager profile
Hungarian players in Italy, RSSSF

1899 births
Hungarian men's footballers
Hungarian expatriate men's footballers
Hungarian expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Ferencvárosi TC footballers
AC Milan players
Expatriate men's footballers in Italy
Serie A players
Hungarian football managers
Olympique de Marseille managers
Benevento Calcio managers
AC Carpi managers
1982 deaths
Men's association football forwards
Footballers from Budapest


The West Bloomfield Trail is a rail trail in Oakland County, Michigan.  It is built on the right-of-way of an early Michigan railroad, most recently operated by the Michigan Air-Line Railway.

References

Protected areas of Oakland County, Michigan
Rail trails in Michigan


Perth Leisure Pool is the main indoor public leisure and recreation centre in the city of Perth, Scotland, one of the most popular visitor attractions in Scotland and a major tourist attraction, which in 2006 was noted for receiving more than 700,000 visitors a year.

Development
It was designed in 1984 after an architectural contest run by the RIAS and Perth Council which was won by architects FaulknerBrowns. Councillor John L. Wilson presided over the development of the Perth Leisure Pool and it was opened by The Princess Royal on 29 July 1988.

Facilities
The complex includes 5 swimming pools with flumes, bubble beds and other water features; a gym, health spa, cafe, creche and outdoor children's play area.  The combination of leisure and swimming facilities has proved outstandingly successful and, in twenty years, it has had over ten million visitors.  The separate children's lagoon varies in depth between .  The small slide for this pool provides suitably scaled-down thrills for children and is very popular.

Maintenance
It has been well maintained since opening, with refurbishments taking place every few years.  However, in August 2002, there was an outbreak of cryptosporidiosis which caused gastrointestinal illness for 74 people.  This resulted in the closure of the pool while the matter was investigated.  Numerous improvements to the cleaning and water treatment processes were recommended by the Outbreak Control Team and these were made prior to the reopening of the centre.

References

Further reading

External links
 Home Website

Swimming venues in Scotland
Tourist attractions in Perth and Kinross
Buildings and structures in Perth, Scotland


Parapolice are law enforcement officers considered "beyond", "ancillary" or "subsidiary" to the regular police force (as in "Paramilitary", "Paramedic", or "Paralegal"). The term has been used in criminology to refer to private security with an explicit relationship to public police forces.

Parapolice organizations are generally considered legally sanctioned bodies acting either beyond or in addition to the duties and responsibilities normally attributed to the public or state police.  Parapolice organizations, therefore, can include all private security companies, auxiliary or adjunct police services, or other legal albeit politically motivated intimidation squads acting either at the behest or with the acquiescence of government and/or power elites.

Geographic variation
The term seems to have developed slightly different normative meanings in northern versus southern and developing nations.  In northern, democratic nations, parapolicing has acquired a critical connotation largely attached to an aggressive form of private security provision.  Canadian sociologist, George Rigakos defines the New Parapolice as any "security company that explicitly attempts to bridge the gap between public and private police" constituting a "vanguard" force in emerging "risk markets".  For Rigakos, the parapolice are a type of assertive private law enforcement and surveillance organization "that pushes the envelope" on what is legally permissible concerning citizens’ powers of arrest and trespass enforcement.

In southern, developing, and divided societies, parapolice have become synonymous with politically motivated intimidation squads.  In some countries, like China, the parapolice are a state-organized policing agency charged with enforcing by-laws and other commercial regulations.  They have been accused of intimidating and harassing unlicensed vendors, engaging in running street battles with local residents and environmentalists and even beating to death a man for taking images of a clash between villagers and the parapolice.   In Brazil, Amnesty International has criticized the role of the parapolice, locally known as "milicia", for abduction, intimidation, torture and "wielding political power by guaranteeing, through intimidation, votes for certain state deputies".   In Venezuela, parapolice have been blamed for the ‘social cleansing’ of poor men in the state of Portuguesa.  The People’s Ombudsman reports that the parapolice are responsible for the killing of 402 people between 2001 and 2004. In Latin America, in particular, parapolice are synonymous with paramilitary vigilantism and political death squads.

Examples
Private military company - a paramilitary company made up of mercenaries that can even act as military police.
Vigilante - as individual who fights crimes with little or no legal authority.
Bodyguard - a defender of an important person for society.
Company police – as opposed to company security.
Security company – a company that is responsible for the safety of employees of others companies, non-governmental organization or public administrations.
City Urban Administrative and Law Enforcement Bureau – Chinese private police force.
Bounty hunter – as individual who capture criminals for a bounty.
Private investigator – as investigator who works for a private detective agency or for any other company.

See also
State Police of Crawford and Erie Counties
Auxiliary police
Railroad police
Security police
Special police
Company police

References

Security guards
Security
Crime prevention
Surveillance


Eliot Otis Brown Walters (born 4 February 1993) is a British actor, known for his role as Ryan in the BBC television drama Summerhill about the school by the same name.

Career
Eliot started acting when he was eight and has been a member of the Central Junior Television Workshop
(which also produced Oscar-nominated film star Samantha Morton) ever since. His first starring role was in 2002, where he was featured in the movie Once Upon a Time in the Midlands. In 2004, Eliot had his second starring role in children's drama, Help! I'm a Teenage Outlaw shot in Czech Republic but he had to have his appendix removed two weeks into filming. In 2006, Eliot had a guest appearance in Murphy's Law and in 2007 Eliot had another guest appearance in the film Control. In 2008, Eliot landed the role of Ryan in BAFTA Award-winning children's drama, Summerhill and he subsequently won the Children's BAFTA award in the category Breakthrough Talent for his role in the series. He received the award from Keith Chegwin and George Sampson at a ceremony in London on 30 November 2008 and dedicated it to his family and acting workshop. In 2009, Eliot landed another starring role as Daz in the film Butterfly. Since appearing in Summerhill, he has had numerous guest roles in The Bill, Doctors and Casualty between 2008 and 2010. He briefly appeared in 2011 Kids TV series The Sparticle Mystery as character Jed. He can currently be seen in the E4 TV series My Mad Fat Diary as Big G, a bully and nemesis to the main character, Rae.

Filmography

Film

Television

Guest appearances

References

External links

 Central Television Workshop report on Eliot's Bafta win

1993 births
Living people
English male child actors
English male television actors
21st-century English male actors
Male actors from Nottingham


Caculo Cahango (also spelled Kakulo Kahango, Kaculo Kahango and Kakulo-kanhango) is a commune in the municipality of Icolo e Bengo, Luanda Province, Angola.

The commune has 6,988 residents (2014).

References

Populated places in Luanda Province
Communes in Luanda Province


Dmitry Valeryevich Mikhaylov (; born 28 March 1976) is a Russian professional football coach and a former player.

Club career
He made his debut in the Russian Premier League in 1997 for FC Lokomotiv Nizhny Novgorod. He played two games in the UEFA Intertoto Cup 1997 for FC Lokomotiv Nizhny Novgorod.

External links

1976 births
Living people
Russian men's footballers
FC Lokomotiv Nizhny Novgorod players
Russian Premier League players
Russian football managers
Men's association football goalkeepers
FC Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk players
FC Khimik Dzerzhinsk players
FC Zenit-2 Saint Petersburg players
FC Akademiya Tolyatti players


Music Feeds is a free bi-weekly digital music and lifestyle magazine (street press) established in 2008 and based in Sydney, Australia. It is distributed electronically every second Tuesday, with additional material posted on the website regularly.

As distinct from direct competitors Drum Media and The Brag, Music Feeds purports to cover more independent and self-funded musicians. This is a distinction that has been noted by several local music sources.

Since 2012, Music Feeds moved to a 24/7 online music publication and regularly covers local and international music news, events, and releases.

References

External links

2008 establishments in Australia
Biweekly magazines published in Australia
Free magazines
Lifestyle magazines published in Australia
Magazines established in 2008
Magazines published in Sydney
Music magazines published in Australia


Wendy Ewald (born 1951) is an American photographer and educator.

Early life and education
Wendy Ewald was born in Detroit, Michigan, graduated from Abbot Academy in 1969 and attended Antioch College between 1969 and 1974, as well as the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where she studied photography with Minor White.

Photography career
She embarked on a career teaching photography to children and young people internationally. In 1969/1970, she taught photography to Innu and Mi'kmaq Native-American children in Canada. Between 1976 and 1980 she taught photography and film-making to students in Whitesburg, Kentucky, in association with Appalshop, a media co-op. In 1982, she traveled to Ráquira, Colombia, on a Fulbright fellowship working with children and community groups; spending a further two years in Gujarat, India.

Her work is directed toward "helping children to see" and using the "camera as a tool for expression". In recent years, Ewald has produced a number of conceptual installations—for example, in Margate, England, and in Amherst, Massachusetts—making use of large-scale photographic banners. Ewald was one of the founders of the Half Moon Photography Workshop in the East End of London; and in 1989 she created the "Literacy through Photography" programmes in Houston, Texas, and Durham, North Carolina.

She was senior research associate at the Center for International Studies at Duke University, visiting artist at Amherst College and director of the Literacy through Photography International program and artist in residence at the Duke University Center for International Studies.

In 2012, Ewald, along with Elizabeth Barret, was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship for Creative Arts - Photography. For the Fellowship, they collaborated on a multimedia project called Portraits and Dreams: A Revisitation. The project is a sequel to Ewald's previous book, Portraits and Dreams. Published in 1985, this book is a collection of photographs and writings that focused on students Ewald taught in the Appalachian Mountains. Ewald re-engaged with the former students, now in their forties, to curate photographs, objects, and audiovisual material related to those years, as well as create new materials for their installation.

Ewald was invited to participate in the photography collective This Place, centered around Israel and the West Bank. For her project she distributed cameras to 14 different groups of people, gathered thousands of images, and selected 500. She gave cameras to owners of stalls and stores at the Mahane Yehuda marketplace in Jerusalem, Arab women and Romanis in Jerusalem's Old City, schoolchildren in Nazareth, residents of Hebron, Negev Bedouin and high-tech employees in Tel Aviv. This was Ewald's first attempt to document an entire country, and the first use of digital cameras and color photography in her international projects.

Throughout Ewald's career, she has had individual exhibitions at multiple galleries, including the International Center of Photography in New York City, the Fotomuseum Winterthur, Switzerland, the Corcoran Gallery of Art, and the Whitney Biennial in 1997.

Personal life
Ewald is married to Tom McDonough, a writer and cinematographer. They live in the Hudson Valley of New York with their son, Michael.

Works
Appalachia: A Self-Portrait (Edited) Foreword by Robert Coles, Text by Loyal Jones, (Frankfort, KY: Gnomon Press for Appalshop, 1979)
Appalachian Women: Three Generations (Whitesburg, KY: Appalshop, 1981)
Retrato de un Pueblo (Bogotá, Colombia: Museo de Arte Moderno, 1983).
Portraits and Dreams: Photographs and Stories by Children of the Appalachians, with an introduction by Robert Coles, afterword by Ben Lifson, (New York: Writers and Readers Publications, Inc., 1985)
Mack, 2020. .
Magic Eyes: Scenes from an Andean Girlhood from stories told by Alicia Ewald and María Vásquez, photographs by Wendy Ewald and children of Ráquira (Seattle, WA: Bay Press, 1992)
I Dreamed I Had a Girl in My Pocket: The Story of an Indian Village with stories and photographs by the children of Vichya, India (New York: Doubletake Books and W.W.Norton,1996)
Secret Games: Collaborative Works with Children 1969-1999 (Zurich; New York: Scalo, 2000)
I Wanna Take Me A Picture: Teaching Photography and Writing To Children (Boston; Beacon Press, 2001)
American Alphabets (Zurich; New York: Scalo, 2005)
The Best Part of Me, Children talk about their bodies in pictures and words (Boston; New York; London: Little, Brown and Company, 2002)
In Peace and Harmony: Carver Portraits, Hand Workshop (Virginia: Visual Arts Center of Richmond, 2006)
Towards A Promised Land (Göttingen: Steidl, 2006)
]
American Alphabets (Scalo Verlag Ac, 2005)
This Is Where I Live (Mack) 2015
America Border Culture Dreamer: The Young Adult Immigrant Experience from A to Z (Little Brown Books for Young Readers 2018), a Carter G. Woodson Book Award winner at the middle level for 2019

Awards
1992: MacArthur Fellowship
2010: Visionary Woman Award from Moore College of Art & Design
2012: Guggenheim Fellowship for Creative Arts - Photography from the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, with Elizabeth Barret, for Portraits and Dreams: A Revisitation

Bibliography
Thomas Frick, Wendy Ewald at Clarence Kennedy, Art in America (July 1986), 127, 129.
Taylor Holliday, Children's photos at Whitney Biennial: 1997 Whitney Biennial exhibition features collaborative work by photographer Wendy Ewald and child photographers from around the world, The Wall Street Journal, Wednesday, March 14, 1997, A20.
Charles Hagen, Wendy Ewald: exhibition of photographs at the James Danzinger Gallery, New York, New York, The New York Times, Friday, June 10, 1994, C18.
Caitlin Kelly, Magic Eyes: Scenes from an Andean Childhood, The New York Times Book Review, Sunday, November 29, 1992.
Barbara Mujica, Magic Eyes: Scenes from an Andean Girlhood, Americas, English Edition, vol. 45, no. 5 (September–October, 1993), 60–61.

References

External links

Wendy Ewald Literacy Through Photography blog
Wendy Ewald by Esther Allen Bomb
"'This is me with my gun': what Appalachian kids did with a camera – in pictures" – photographs from Portraits and Dreams: Photographs and Stories by Children of the Appalachians

1951 births
Antioch College alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Carter G. Woodson Book Award winners
Duke University faculty
Kentucky women artists
Kentucky women in education
Living people
MacArthur Fellows
People from Whitesburg, Kentucky
Abbot Academy alumni
American women academics
21st-century American women photographers
21st-century American photographers
20th-century American women photographers
20th-century American photographers


Horween Leather Company is an American company specializing in the manufacturing and refining of leather and related products. It is one of the oldest continuously running tanneries in the United States of America. Since its founding in the early 20th century it has been located in Chicago.

Isadore Horween founded the company in 1905, and worked in it until 1949.  His two sons, Arnold Horween (Chairman and President; 1949–84) and Ralph Horween, became executives of the company and worked in it after their careers as All American football players for the Harvard Crimson, and playing in the National Football League.

Arnold's son Arnold Horween Jr. worked with it from 1953–2003, and his son Arnold "Skip" Horween III has worked with it since 1972. The fifth generation of Horweens, Nicholas (Nick) Arnold Horween, has worked at the company since 2009.

Horween Leather Company offers an array of tannages using primarily cowhide and horsehide, and also using smaller quantities of calf and bison hides. Its leather is used in a number of products including sports equipment, sports and casual footwear, bags, wallets, briefcases, belts, coats, jackets, and other apparel and accessories.  It is known for its production of Shell Cordovan (the Chicago Tribune called it the "Cordovan capital of the world"), professional football leather, and Chromexcel, among other leathers.  It is the exclusive supplier of leather for National Football League footballs, and also supplies the leather that is used for National Basketball Association basketballs.

Horween Leather Company is located in a five-story block-long factory at 2015 North Elston Avenue, at Ashland Avenue near the Chicago River).

History

1905–48

Isadore Horween (whose surname was originally Horwitz or Horowitz), who had learned the leather business in his native Ukraine, lived just outside Kiev, immigrated to the United States in 1893.  He obtained his first job at a tannery in the U.S. through a contact he made at the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago.  For 12 years he worked in one of the then-two-dozen tanneries in Chicago.

He founded I. Horween and Co. in 1905, and established it on Division Street in Chicago. At the time, Chicago was a major center of the meatpacking industry and a major rail hub.  The tanneries were built close to the source of raw materials. In 1911, Isadore Horween developed and produced Aniline Chromexcel, one of the company's most traditional tannages.

The company's original focus was the production of razor strops, to sharpen razors used in shaving.  With the advent of the safety razor in 1912, however, the need for razor strops waned, and the company shifted its focus to other products.

In 1920, the company moved to its current location in a five-story block-long factory at 2015 North Elston Avenue (at Ashland Avenue), on the Chicago River, in Chicago's Bucktown, on the north side of the city.  Isadore Horween had obtained the site, which remains the company's current location, by purchasing it from Herman Loescher and Sons tannery.  The company's name was eventually changed to Horween Leather Company.

In 1921, the company's secretary and treasurer was Isadore's son Ralph Horween, during Ralph's career as a football player for the Harvard Crimson and before his career as a player and coach in the National Football League.  In 1945, he was still secretary of the company.

In 1927, Horween Leather Company sold the tannery on Division Street, and consolidated its operations at North Elston Avenue.  In 1930, it developed mechanical leather, a very durable heavyweight leather for use in oil seals, gaskets, and engine seals.  In 1936, the company had 336 workers.

In 1938, Horween Leather Company became the official leather supplier for U.S. Marine Corps water-resistant footwear during World War II.  It supplied Chromoexcel, which was used exclusively in the North African Campaign.  In 1941, it added a large addition to the tannery.

1949–84
Isadore's son Arnold Horween eventually took over the company business, after his career as a football player at Harvard alongside his brother Ralph, and then again with his brother as player-coaches in the National Football League, and finally as Harvard's head football coach.  He ran the company as Chairman and President, from 1949–84.

In 1960, the company developed and offered football leather as it is made and sold today.  In 1978 there were 250 tanneries in the U.S., but by 2005 the number had dropped to approximately 20.

1985–present
In 1985, Arnold, Jr., Isadore's grandson, succeeded his father as Horween Leather Company's chief executive.  In 1990, the company developed and offered waterproof lines of leathers.

Arnold, Jr.'s son Arnold "Skip" Horween III, Isadore's great-grandson, joined as treasurer that year, and became vice president in 1995.  In 2001, Skip Horween took over running the company, and in 2002 he became president.  The company is now run by the fourth generation, with the fifth generation also in house.

In 2003, the company began supplying leather for the Arena Football League.  In 2005, the company had sales of over $35 million.  In 2006, it became the only tannery in Chicago; at one time, the city had as many as 40.

As of 2012, Horween Leather Company had 160 employees, and annual revenues of approximately $25 million.  In a typical week, it processes 4,000 cowhides and 1,000 horsehides into  of leather.  As of 2013, Horween Leather Company was one of fewer than a dozen tanneries in the U.S., down from over 250 in 1978.

The Horween family

The following reflects each generation of the Horween family that worked in the company:
 Isadore Horween, 1905–49
 Arnold Horween, 1922–84 (Chairman & President 1949–84)
 Arnold Horween, Jr., 1953–2003
 Arnold (Skip) Horween III, 1972–present
 Nicholas (Nick) Arnold Horween, 2009–present

The tanning process
About 85% of the leather at Horween Leather Company is made from cowhide. The company's workers take raw hides, which arrive salted to prevent deterioration, trim them, and remove their hair with chemicals in an extremely large washing drum. The leather is then treated with salt and pickled for 24 hours, so that it reaches a desired pH level. It is then bated, tanned, and finished.

Products
Horween Leather Company produces many different full grain and corrected grain leathers.  Its leather is used in a number of products including footwear, sports equipment, bags, belts, wallets, briefcases, suitcases, jackets, coats, and other apparel and accessories.  As of 2003, 60% of the company's leather was used to make clothes, shoes, and accessories, and 40% for sporting goods such as footballs, basketballs, and baseball gloves.

Horween Leather Company supplies leather shells for footwear to the Timberland Company, Alden Shoe Company (their largest cordovan customer; it became a customer in 1930, buying shell cordovan and other leathers), Cole Haan, Allen Edmonds, Nomad Goods, Brooks Brothers, Hanover Shoe, Chippewa Boots and Johnston & Murphy. Accessories and leather goods customers include J.Crew and Shinola Detroit.

Sporting goods

Horween Leather Company has provided Rawlings with leather since 1929.  In 2003, Horween was providing leather for 3,000 Rawlings baseball gloves annually, and half of professional baseball players were using baseball gloves made from Horween leather.

Wilson Sporting Goods is Horween Leather Company's largest customer, using the company's leather in manufacturing footballs and basketballs.  Horween Leather Company has supplied Wilson with pebbled cowhide since 1941.

Since 1941, Horween Leather Company has been the exclusive supplier of leather for National Football League footballs.  The arrangement was established initially by Arnold Horween, who had played and coached in the NFL. The company uses its own "Tanned in Tack" process.  Although footballs are often called "pigskins," they are made from Horween Leather Company-supplied steer hides that are embossed with a pebble pattern. The company also supplies the leather for the game balls made for the Canadian Football League, and they also supply leather to Spalding (a division of Russell Corporation) for indoor Arena Football League footballs. Horween Leather Company's leather is also used to make National Basketball Association basketballs, made by Spalding until 2021, and currently by Wilson Sporting Goods

The Horween Leather Company has provided Rawlings with leather since 1929. In 2003, Horween was providing leather for 3,000 Rawlings baseball gloves annually, and half of professional baseball players were using baseball gloves made from Horween leather.

Hydrogen sulfide gas release
On February 14, 1978, a driver making a delivery to Horween of a tanker truck filled with sodium hydrosulfide ignored signs and approached the wrong storage tank.  When the driver was unable at first to connect the tanker's hose to the storage tank, which was designed to prevent accidental mixing, he connected his own homemade coupling and was able to begin delivering the sodium hydrosulfide. The homemade coupling was later impounded by the Chicago Police Department. The tank contained an acid chrome tanning liquor, and the resulting mixture immediately created a large amount of deadly hydrogen sulfide gas.  Workers began collapsing as the gas spread through the building.  Eight workers died and 35 were injured. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration cited the company for failing to train employees in handling dangerous chemicals and in performing emergency evacuation procedures.

References

External links
 Horween Company website

Buildings and structures in Chicago
Companies based in Chicago
Leather manufacturers
Manufacturing companies established in 1905
Tanneries
Industrial buildings and structures in Illinois
1905 establishments in Illinois


Cassoneca  is a village located in Calomboloca commune, the municipality of Ícolo e Bengo, Luanda Province in Angola.

References

Communes in Luanda Province
Populated places in Luanda Province


Bela Vista is a town and commune in the municipality of Ambriz, province of Bengo, Angola. As of 2014, the commune had a population of 4,346 people over an area of .

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


Since England women's first Women's One Day International (ODI) in 1973, 145 players have represented the team. A One Day International (ODI) is an international cricket match between two representative teams, each having ODI status, as determined by the International Cricket Council (ICC). An ODI differs from Test matches in that the number of overs per team is limited, and that each team has only one innings. The list is arranged in the order in which each player won her first ODI cap. Where more than one player won her first ODI cap in the same match, those players are listed alphabetically by surname.

Key

Players
Statistics are correct as on 14 September 2023.

Notes

References

England ODI
Cricket Women ODI
Cricketers
Cricket


Tabi  is a town and commune in the municipality of Ambriz, province of Bengo, Angola. As of 2014, the commune had a population of 5,382 people over an area of .

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


The Aviatik C.I, the prototypes of which were known as Aviatik 30.14, Aviatik 30.15 and Aviatik 30.16, was an Austro-Hungarian 2-seat reconnaissance aircraft produced from 1917.(Note: the  (Ö) is not part of the designation, but used to disambiguate from the German-built Aviatik aircraft with the same designation.)

Development
Despite the known performance issues with the contemporary production reconnaissance aircraft, (Knoller C.II(Av) among others), development of the C.I was delayed until authorisation was given to proceed on 26 September 1916, when three prototypes were ordered for evaluation. Flight trials of the prototypes were satisfactory and 96 production Aviatik C.I series 37 aircraft were ordered in March 1917.

A relatively conventional aircraft of its day, the C.I followed contemporary practice of  a single tractor engine with two cockpits, front for pilot and rear for observer/gunner. Construction was primarily of wood with fabric covered wings and tail but plywood covered fuselage.

Powered by  Austro-Daimler 185hp engines the series 37 aircraft were eagerly awaited by front-line squadrons of the LFT, but disappointment quickly set in as the aircraft failed to meet performance specifications, particularly in rate of climb, and suffered from fragile airframe, not to mention sloppy workmanship. Other issues with photo-reconnaissance aircraft included vibration, causing blurred images, cramped rear cockpit and inability to carry larger cameras than  focal length. Even more criticism was levelled on the stability and the cumbersome control wheel for roll control, making the C.I light on the controls and prone to oscillate at the slightest upset.

To alleviate some performance issues the C.I series 137 was developed, powered by a  Austro-Daimler 200hp, but availability of the engine was limited because it was given priority for fighter aircraft. In lieu of the 200 hp engine most 137 series aircraft were fitted with re-furbished  Austro-Daimler 185hp engines. Although generally appreciated by the squadron pilots the 137 series also suffered from the same fragile airframe and shoddy workmanship found in the series 37.

Some C.I aircraft were converted to single-seaters, losing  in weight, armed with two synchronised machine-guns in the fuselage, proving popular due to the increased performance.

Operational history
The three prototypes were evaluated in late 1916 and early 1917, with production aircraft reaching the front in August 1917. Production C.Is were flown by many of the reconnaissance Fliks (Flieger Kompagnien) of the LFT (Luftfahrtruppen), including Fliks 17/D, 21/D, 24/F, and 48/D in the South Tyrol theatre and 2/D, 5/D, 12/Rb, 19/D, 22/D, 23/D, 32, 34/D, 46/P and 58/D on the Isonzo front. The Aviatik C.I was slowly replaced by more capable aircraft from the Spring of 1918.

Variants
30.14 C.I prototype
30.15 C.I prototype
30.16 C.I prototype
30.25 C.I single-seat conversion.
C.I (series 37 and 137) Production aircraft from Aviatik. Ninety-six were built, including 49 series 37, powered by Austro-Daimler 185hp engines and 40 series 137, Austro-Daimler 200hp engines delivered to front-line units.
C.I(Lo)(series 114 and 214) Production by Lohner to a contract for 50 aircraft, 32x C.I(Lo) series 114, powered by Austro-Daimler 185hp engines and 18x C.I(Lo) series 214, powered by Austro-Daimler 200hp engines, originally 24 and 26 respectively.
C.I(MAG) (series 91) Production by MAG, 24x series 91 aircraft.
C.I(WKF) (series 83) Production aircraft from WKF, 40x series 83 aircraft.
C.I(Ll)(series 47) Production aircraft built by Lloyd, 45x series 47 aircraft.

Operators

Austro-Hungarian Imperial and Royal Aviation Troops

Specifications (C.I series 37)

References

1910s Austro-Hungarian military reconnaissance aircraft
C.I
Aircraft first flown in 1916


I Love Trouble is a 1948 American film noir crime film written by Roy Huggins from his first novel The Double Take, directed by S. Sylvan Simon, and starring Franchot Tone as Stuart Bailey.  The character of Stuart Bailey was later portrayed by Efrem Zimbalist, Jr. in the television series 77 Sunset Strip.

Plot
A wealthy politician, Ralph Johnson, hires detective Stuart Bailey to investigate his missing wife's background. Bailey discovers that the wife had been a dancer under her maiden name of Jane Breeger and had left her Oregon home town with Buster Buffin, a nightclub entertainer, who says Jane changed her name to Janie Joy and enrolled at UCLA. Buffin is killed before Bailey can question him further.

Norma Shannon shows up, looking for her sister Jane, but when Bailey shows her a photograph of the missing woman, Norma says it's not her. Bailey learns that the wife had used stolen papers from a girlfriend to enter college after she stole $40,000 from the club where she worked, owned by a man named Keller.

The detective eventually learns that Johnson had killed his wife when he had himself discovered her past, in order to avoid a scandal, and that he had hired the detective in order to frame him for the killing.

Cast
 Franchot Tone as Stuart Bailey
 Janet Blair as Norma Shannon
 Janis Carter as Mrs. Caprillo aka Jane Breeger aka Janie Joy
 Adele Jergens as Boots Nestor
 Glenda Farrell as Hazel Bixby
 Steven Geray as Keller
 Tom Powers as Ralph Johnson
 Lynn Merrick as Mrs. Johnson
 John Ireland as Reno
 Sid Tomack as Buster Buffin (uncredited)
 Donald Curtis as Martin
 Eduardo Ciannelli as John Vega Caprillo
 Robert Barrat as Lt. Quint
 Raymond Burr as Herb
 Garry Owen as Gus (uncredited)

Production
The novel and film were written by Roy Huggins, and is laced with a comedic sophistication evident in his subsequent work. In Huggins' Archive of American Television interview, he notes that I Love Trouble was somehow lost and had not been seen anywhere for decades and never run on television, but the film has since been found and screened in venues such as the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. Huggins later created numerous landmark television series such as Maverick starring James Garner, The Fugitive starring David Janssen, The Rockford Files starring Garner, and 77 Sunset Strip starring Efrem Zimbalist, Jr. as Stuart Bailey. I Love Trouble was Huggins' first brush with making narrative film.

Shown on the Turner Classic Movies show 'Noir Alley' with Eddie Muller on September 24, 2022.

See also
 List of American films of 1948
 Public domain film
 List of films in the public domain in the United States

References

External links

I Love Trouble at filmsnoir.net

Film noir
American detective films
1948 films
1948 crime films
American black-and-white films
Columbia Pictures films
Films scored by George Duning
Films directed by S. Sylvan Simon
Films based on American novels
1948 mystery films
American mystery films
1940s American films


Pastia's sign, Pastia lines, or Thompson's sign is a clinical sign in which pink or red lines formed of confluent petechiae are found in skin creases, particularly the crease in the antecubital fossa, the soft depression on the inside of the arm;  the folding crease divides this fossa where the forearm meets the (upper) arm (the biceps, triceps, humerus section of the upper extremity); the inside of the elbow (the inside flexor depression (fossa) of the elbow. It occurs in people with scarlet fever prior to the appearance of the rash and persists as pigmented lines after desquamation.

The sign is named after the Romanian physician Constantin Chessec Pastia (1883–1926).

References

Medical signs


Zala  is a town and commune in the municipality of Nambuangongo, province of Bengo, Angola.

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


Firehole Composites (formerly Firehole Technologies, Inc.) was a supplier of computer-aided engineering (CAE) software and consulting services specializing in analysis of composite materials.  Founded in 2000, the company's mission is to provide enabling technologies to further the widespread use of composite materials.  Their products include Helius:MCT (a multiscale simulation tool for composite progressive failure analysis), Helius:CompositePro (a classical laminate theory and simple structural analysis tool), Helius:MatSim (an online micromechanics lamina simulator), and Prospector:Composites (an online composite material properties database hosted by IDES Inc.).

Firehole’s principal product, Helius:MCT, is a simulation tool built to improve the accuracy of composite structure analysis and is available as an advanced capability add-on to commercial finite element analysis (FEA) packages (such as Abaqus and ANSYS).  It is based on Multicontinuum Technology (MCT), an analysis methodology developed specifically for composites which, rather than treating the composite as a homogeneous material, extracts the separate stress and strain fields for the constituents (fiber and matrix) of a composite material.  In doing so, distinct failure criteria and material nonlinearity can be applied separately.  This permits Helius:MCT to identify failure of individual material constituents and degrade a composite material accordingly, providing a robust progressive failure simulation that captures failure initiation all the way up to and beyond ultimate structural failure.

Firehole was acquired by Autodesk in 2013 for an undisclosed sum.

Company background

Firehole Composites began in the academic research of composite material analysis during the mid-1990s. The core technology was part of an academic research project underway in the Mechanical Engineering Department of the University of Wyoming.  In 2000, a number of graduate students and faculty at UW saw the commercial potential of the technology and founded Firehole Composites.  Firehole Composites continues a collaborative relationship with the University of Wyoming and sponsors ongoing research into composite analysis technology.

During its first years of existence the company focused on the research and development of composite technologies utilizing the US Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Programs.  Recent technology demonstration efforts have included participation in the World Wide Failure Exercise and a large structures failure analysis and test program with the US AFRL Space Vehicle’s Directorate.

In January 2009, Firehole launched their first commercial product – Helius:MCT.  The name Helius, a general branding for Firehole products, refers to the Greek god of sun and vision and represents the idea of added vision or insight into composite material analysis.

Associations
ASME – American Society of Mechanical Engineers
NAFEMS – National Agency for Finite Element Methods and Standards
AIAA – American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Firehole name

Firehole Composites name sake is the Firehole River, a Wyoming river that originates in Yellowstone National Park. The Firehole is unique because it flows through several geyser basins which empty hot water into it, often causing steam to rise. It was named by early trappers because the steam makes it appear as if it is on fire. The Firehole is also known for exceptional fly fishing.

References

Software companies based in Wyoming
Companies based in Wyoming
Privately held companies based in Wyoming
Defunct software companies of the United States


Quicabo or Kikabo is a town and commune in the municipality of Dande, province of Bengo, Angola. As of 2014, the commune had a population of 12,835 people over an area of .

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


Barra do Dande is a town, with a population of 75,000 (2014), and a commune in the municipality of Dande, province of Bengo, Angola.

It is located at the mouth of the Dande River.

The government plans to build a deep-water port at Barra do Dande. This new port is about 30 km north of Luanda.

See also
List of lighthouses in Angola

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province
Lighthouses in Angola


"After All" is a 1960 song written by Smokey Robinson and originally recorded and released by The Miracles on the Tamla label. It was first recorded as an unreleased single by The Supremes for Tamla; it was supposed to be their first single but it was canceled in favor of "I Want a Guy", and their cover wasn't released until it appeared on the 2000 box set, The Supremes. The song is noted for both groups' unusual choices for leads. For the Miracles' version it serves as a rare lead for Claudette Rogers Robinson, instead of the group’s main lead, Claudette's husband, Smokey Robinson. In the Supremes' case it is their only single to feature Barbara Martin singing on lead vocals (although she does have a spoken line during the song "(He's) Seventeen"). Florence Ballard, Mary Wilson, and Diana Ross sing verses, and Martin sings the bridge (usually Ballard or Ross was given the lead on the group's recordings at that time). "After All" was also later covered by The Marvelettes, in the early 1970s, with group member Wanda Young Rogers as lead. (There's a connection to the two previous groups in that Wanda Young was the wife of Miracles member Bobby Rogers, and she was the only member of The Marvelettes on the song—as with the late-1960s singles of The Supremes, The Andantes served as background singers.) Their version appears on the album The Return of the Marvelettes, and later became the group's belated final single (it failed to chart).

Personnel

The Miracles version
Lead vocals by Claudette Robinson
Background vocals by Smokey Robinson, Ronnie White, Bobby Rogers, and Warren "Pete" Moore
Guitar by Marv Tarplin
Other Instrumentation by The Funk Brothers

The Supremes version
Lead and background vocals by Florence Ballard (1st verse), Mary Wilson (2nd verse), Barbara Martin (bridge), and Diana Ross (3rd verse)
Musitron & Ondioline Instrumentation by Raynoma Liles Gordy
Guitar by Marv Tarplin
Other Instrumentation by The Funk Brothers

The Marvelettes version
Lead vocals by Wanda Rogers
Background vocals by The Andantes: Jackie Hicks, Marlene Barrow, and Louvain Demps
Instrumentation by The Funk Brothers

External links

References

1960 songs
Songs written by Smokey Robinson
The Supremes songs
The Marvelettes songs
The Miracles songs
Motown singles
Song recordings produced by Berry Gordy
Song recordings produced by Smokey Robinson


was a Japanese historian. He is best known for his work on historical records pertaining to the ancient and Middle Ages of Japanese history.

Background

Takeuchi sik born in Aichi Prefecture on December 20, 1907. He graduated from the Tōkyō Imperial University in 1930 where he studied Japanese history.

Career

Upon graduation, he began work at the Historiographical Institute of the Imperial University of Tokyo, where he eventually became the director in 1965.

He taught at the Kyūshū University, the Historiographical Institute of the University of Tokyo, and Waseda University.

Takeuchi's research focused on temple economic systems, Heian period shōen, and political history of the Ritsuryō state.

Over the course of his career, Takeuchi was awarded several awards for his many contributions to research:
 Asahi Culture Prize, 1957
 Purple Medal Ribbon, 1969
 Order of the Rising Sun, 1978
 Person of Cultural Merit, 1988
 Order of Culture in 1996

Major works

Takeuchi's research produced a number of major books including:
 Nihon Jōdai Jiin Keizai-shi no Kenkyū, 1934
 Jiryō Shōen no Kenkyū, 1942
 Ritsuryōsei to Kizoku Seiken

Of particular significance is his complete collection of historical documents spanning three historical Japanese period:
 Nara Ibun, two volumes, 1943–1944; the 1962 revised edition consists of three volumes
 Heian Ibun, 16 volumes, 1947-1980
 Kamakura Ibun, 46 volumes, 1971-1995

Notes

References

Historians of Japan
20th-century Japanese historians
1907 births
1997 deaths
Academic staff of Kyushu University
University of Tokyo alumni


{{Music ratings
|rev1 = Allmusic
|rev1score =
|rev2 = Rock on Request
|rev2score = (favorable)
|rev3 = Tunelab
|rev3score =
|rev4 = Type 3 Media
|rev4score = <ref name="Type3Media">{{cite web |first=J. |last=P. |title=Review: Review: Sick Puppies - 'Tri-Polar |url=http://type3media.com/press/2009/07/14/album-review-sick-puppies-tri-polar/ |publisher=Type 3 Media |accessdate=5 September 2009}}</ref>
}}Tri-Polar'' is the third studio album by Australian rock band Sick Puppies, released on 14 July 2009.

The album debuted at number 31 on the Billboard 200 albums chart, selling around 16,500 copies. Tri-Polar has sold over 379,000 copies as of 2013.

The band's first single titled "You're Going Down", was used by the WWE as the official theme song for their PPV event WWE Extreme Rules 2009, and the video game WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2010. The song was also used in the 2010 live-action film adaptation of Tekken and the trailer for My Soul to Take.

The song "War" was written for Capcom's video game Street Fighter IV and has been used in their respective advertisements for the game.

The second single from the album, titled "Odd One", was released to rock radio on 10 November 2009.

The third single, "Maybe", was released to rock radio on 22 June 2010. This is the band's most successful single to date.

The fourth single from the album, "Riptide", was released to rock radio on 8 February 2011.

The album's cover art is a rendering of Borromean rings.

Track listing

Tour
Sick Puppies supported Rev Theory and Breaking Benjamin during the end of 2009, and also co-headlined a tour with Hurt, The Veer Union, Adelitas Way and Tunnels to Holland as support acts. They also supported Nickelback on their Dark Horse World tour.

Sick Puppies headlined a 2010 summer tour with Janus, My Darkest Days and It's Alive as support.

On 14 December 2010, Shimon Moore announced during a show in Council Bluffs, IA that that show was the largest show ever to date. Also at that show was Shaman's Harvest and Emphatic.

PersonnelSick Puppies Shim Moore – lead vocals, guitars
 Emma Anzai – bass, backing vocals
 Mark Goodwin – drumsArtwork Matt Taylor – cover design
 Travis Shinn – photographyProduction'''
 Antonina Armato – producer
 Tim James – producer
 Adam Comstock, Dorian Crozier, Steve Hammons, Ross Hogarth, and Nigel Lundemo – engineers
 Robert Vosgien – mastering
 Ben Grosse and Mark Needham – mixing
 Will Brierre and Paul Pavao – mixing assistants
 Devrim "DK" Karaoglu – programming

Chart performances

Album

Singles

References

Sick Puppies albums
2009 albums
Albums produced by Rock Mafia
Virgin Records albums


Brian Hill (6 October 1937 – 5 April 1968) was an English professional footballer who played as a full back.

Career
Born in Sheffield, Hill began his career at Sheffield Wednesday, where he made 117 appearances in the Football League for them between 1956 and 1967. He also made 2 FA Cup and 3 European appearances for the club. He later played in Belgium for Club Brugge, making 11 league and 2 European appearances for them.

Death
Hill died of a heart attack on 5 April 1968.

References

1937 births
1968 deaths
English men's footballers
English expatriate men's footballers
Sheffield Wednesday F.C. players
Club Brugge KV players
English Football League players
Belgian Pro League players
English expatriate sportspeople in Belgium
Expatriate men's footballers in Belgium
Men's association football fullbacks
Footballers from Sheffield


Robert B. "Yank" Heisler Jr. (July 4, 1949 – April 11, 2017) was the retired chairman of KeyBank, the 12th largest bank in the United States by total assets, the retired chief executive officer of McDonald Financial Group, and was the dean of the Kent State University College of Business Administration and Graduate School of Management until 2011. The Kent State business school under Heisler's leadership was selected by The Princeton Review for its 2009 list of the top business education programs in the United States. In 2005, he was named to the Inside Business Hall of Fame.

Early life and education
Heisler was raised in Ravenna, Ohio, roughly 40 miles southeast of Cleveland. He was an all-star athlete in golf, basketball, and football at Ravenna High School from 1962–1966, winning back-to-back State Championships in golf his junior and senior years. He was inducted for his athletic accomplishments into the Ravenna Raven Hall of Fame, which also recognized his later business leadership.

He graduated cum laude with a bachelor's degree in biochemistry from Harvard College in 1970 and earned his master's degree in business administration from Kent State University in 1974. He also attended Northwestern University's National Graduate Trust School, the University of Oklahoma's Commercial Lending School, Duke University's Fuqua School of Business' Bank Executive Management Program and Harvard Graduate Business School's Program for Management Development.

Career
After graduating from Kent State with his MBA, Heisler went into banking with the former Goodyear Bank in Akron, Ohio. In October 1976, he became an assistant vice president of the Corporate Loan Review Division for Second National Bank in Ravenna, an affiliate of Society Bank (a predecessor of KeyBank). In less than two years, January 1978, he was elected president and chief executive officer of Second National Bank.

In September 1982, he was elected vice president and senior regional manager for Society National Bank. In January 1984, he was named president of the Akron District. He was elected executive vice president of the bank in August 1986 and deputy manager of the Retail Banking Group. In May 1990, he was elected senior executive vice president and named vice chairman of Society National Bank in January 1993.

In March 1994 when Society and KeyBank merged, Heisler was sent to Seattle, Washington, to lead seven state bank region in capital markets and commercial banking product lines. In June 1995, he was named president and chief executive officer of Society National Bank, which would later be renamed KeyBank National Association (N.A.) once the merger was fully integrated. Later he would also add the title of Chairman of KeyBank.

Heisler was named CEO of McDonald in December 2004, replacing Robert "Bob" Jones who left to become President and CEO of Old National Bank. However, Heisler would retain the title of chairman of KeyBank N.A. He would be the last CEO of McDonald, which was eventually sold to the U.S. investment arm of Swiss banking giant UBS AG in 2007. Heisler was instrumental in the negotiations with UBS.

In September 2008, Heisler was named dean of the College of Business at Kent State University. He was previously the interim vice president for business and finance for the university.

He was a member of the board of directors for FirstEnergy Corporation, an electric utility company based in Akron, Ohio, from 2006. He previously served on FirstEnergy board between 1998 and 2004.

Community
Heisler was the chairman of Team NEO, a regional economic development organization in Northeast Ohio, from 2004 to 2008.  He remains on Team NEO's advisory council.

He served on the Championship Committee for the NEC Invitational at Firestone Country Club, the Growth Association of Greater Cleveland, the Center for Families and Children, the Ronald McDonald House. He also serves as treasurer of the Musical Arts Association, and as a trustee on the boards of The Union Club, Business Volunteers Unlimited, Kent State University Foundation (chair), Ohio High School Athletic Association Foundation, and is president of Leadership Cleveland class of 1993.

References

American bankers
People from Ravenna, Ohio
Harvard College alumni
1949 births
Fuqua School of Business alumni
Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company people
Kent State University alumni
Northwestern University alumni
University of Oklahoma alumni
Kent State University faculty
2017 deaths


FC SOYUZ-Gazprom Izhevsk () was a Russian association football club from Izhevsk, founded in 1988 and playing on the professional level since 1991. In 2010, it played in the Russian Second Division. It played in the Russian First Division in 1993 and from 1996 to 2004, taking 4th place in 1996. Before 2011 season SOYUZ-Gazprom was dissolved and a new team FC Zenit-Izhevsk Izhevsk started representing the city in the Russian Second Division.

Team name history
1988-1993 FC Gazovik Izhevsk
1994-2005 FC Gazovik-Gazprom Izhevsk
2006–2010 FC SOYUZ-Gazprom Izhevsk

External links
Club History information

Defunct football clubs in Russia
Football clubs in Izhevsk
Gazprom
Association football clubs established in 1988
Association football clubs disestablished in 2010
1988 establishments in Russia
2010 disestablishments in Russia


W-L Ranch Co. was an American Thoroughbred horse racing and breeding partnership between Hollywood film studio executive Harry M. Warner and film director Mervyn LeRoy. Warner's daughter, Doris, was married to Mervyn LeRoy.

In 1938, Harry Warner, along with his brother Jack, and Mervyn LeRoy were founding investors in Hollywood Park Racetrack in Inglewood, California. LeRoy was a member of the track's board of directors from 1941 until his death in 1987.

In addition to competing at their own racetrack, W-L Ranch Co. raced horses at Santa Anita Park and Del Mar Racetrack in California as well as at other racetracks throughout the United States until 1958 when Harry Warner died. They had two starters in the 1947 Kentucky Derby and another in 1955. Among their graded stakes race wins, the stable won the 1944 Narragansett Special, the 1948 Top Flight Handicap, the 1949 and 1957 editions of the Santa Catalina Handicap, and the 1955 Malibu Stakes, 1955 Bing Crosby Handicap, and 1956 San Diego Handicap.

One of their most famous thoroughbreds was Paperboy.

References

External links
 Jul 23, 1949 Los Angeles Times story on the Warner stable

American racehorse owners and breeders


The Illinois Institute of Technology campuses house many historic and modern buildings.

Illinois Institute of Technology
Illinois Institute of Technology
Architecture in Illinois
Illinois Institute of Technology


San Román is one of three parishes in Sariego, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. It is  from Vega, the municipal capital.

It is  in size, with a population of 239 (INE 2005). The postal code is 33518.

Villages
 Acéu
 Figares
 San Román
 Valvidares

See also
Church of San Román (Sariego)

References

Parishes in Sariego


Muxaluando is a town and commune in the municipality of Nambuangongo, province of Bengo, Angola.

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


Brian Nelson (30 September 1947 – 11 April 2003) was an Ulster loyalist paramilitary member during The Troubles in Northern Ireland. He was an intelligence chief of the Ulster Defence Association (UDA), and also a clandestine agent for the British Army's Force Research Unit during the conflict.

Early life
Nelson, a Protestant from the Shankill Road, Belfast, served with the British Army's Black Watch Regiment before joining the Ulster Defence Association in the early 1970s, where he became a low-level intelligence agent for the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC). In 1974 he was jailed for seven years for the kidnap and torture of an Irish man, Gerald Higgins, who died several weeks later from his injuries. Nelson served three years for the crime. After his release, Nelson resigned from the UDA and left for a construction job in West Germany. In 1985, however, the British Government approached him on the basis of his previous military career and requested him to re-enlist with the UDA as a covert British Government agent to assist its security agencies to infiltrate the organization to impede its activities. Nelson agreed, and upon rejoining the UDA went on to become its senior intelligence officer, partly with the clandestine assistance from the British government. The British government's close relationship with Nelson was such, that on one occasion, it is reported to have received from him a suitcase filled with disorganized UDA intelligence that he was having trouble with using administratively, which the British Army's Intelligence Corps sifted through, streamlined in an effective systemic manner, and returned to him for use.

Stevens Inquiry
In the early 1990s, following the murder of Loughlin Maginn, John Stevens was named to investigate allegations of collusion between loyalist paramilitaries and the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC). Stevens was able to use advanced fingerprint technology, then unavailable to the RUC. The Inquiry team uncovered Nelson's fingerprints on some security force documents. The team began an investigation that, despite the obstructions encountered, would lead to Nelson's arrest.

When the Stevens Inquiry Team arrested and interrogated Nelson, he claimed that he had been acting on behalf of the British government. Stevens spoke to John Deverell, head of MI5 in Belfast, who confirmed that Nelson had worked for Army Intelligence and not the RUC. Sharp disagreements developed between the two security branches as the extent of Nelson's illegal activities within the Force Research Unit (FRU) was uncovered.

Over a period of two months, Nelson dictated a police statement covering 650 pages. He claimed that he had been tasked by his military handlers with transforming the UDA into a more effective force, particularly at killing. Using information that should have been confidential to his handlers, he produced dossiers or "Intelligence Packages" including backgrounds, addresses, photos and movements on proposed targets, which were passed on to UDA assassins.

Blue card index system
Nelson had a blue card index system whereby he would pick out information on individuals from the mass of information reaching him. The selection of names for the index was Nelson's alone and Stevens concluded that Nelson was actually choosing the people who were going to be shot. Nelson passed on the names of only ten people to his FRU handlers, claiming he could not remember the others. Those ten were never targeted. Four others, including solicitor Pat Finucane, were all shot dead. In Stevens' words "the FRU had been inexcusably careless in failing to protect the four who lost their lives". Nelson handed out his blue cards, between twenty and fifty at a time, to members of the Ulster Volunteer Force. The FRU had no agents within the UVF and these targeted people were consequently unprotected. Many loyalists never bothered to destroy their blue cards, however, and the Stevens team was able to obtain fingerprint evidence.

Trial
At his trial in 1992, the prosecution alleged that Nelson failed to alert his handlers to all the assassination plans of which he was aware. Gordon Kerr ("Colonel J"), a senior officer, who was later investigated himself, testified on Nelson's behalf. Kerr claimed that Nelson had warned the Intelligence Corps of more than 200 murder plots by loyalist death squads, including one which targeted Sinn Féin leader Gerry Adams. Kerr claimed that Nelson's warnings allowed the British Army to prevent all murders but three.

Nelson claimed that in 1989 he had warned his handlers of UDA plans to murder solicitor Pat Finucane, who had been successfully representing IRA suspects in court. According to Nelson, Finucane was given no warning and was fatally shot in front of his wife and children. Eventually Nelson pleaded guilty to 20 charges, including five of conspiracy to murder and was sentenced to 10 years imprisonment. A number of charges, including two counts of first degree murder, were dropped as part of his plea bargain.

Further allegations
Following Nelson's conviction, the BBC Panorama programme "Dirty War", broadcast on 8 June 1992, made new claims about Nelson's involvement in further murders and conspiracies. One allegation was that, following a tip off from Nelson, the Intelligence Corps kept secret a plot to murder Paddy McGrory, a solicitor representing the families of the Gibraltar Three.

In January 1993, Gerry Adams claimed the British government was fully aware of Nelson's involvement in Ulster Resistance's January 1988 importation of weapons from South Africa including 200 AK47 rifles; 90 Browning pistols; 500 fragmentation grenades and 12 RPG 7 rocket launchers. A different branch of the security forces was able to intercept a large part of the weapons before the Loyalists were able to use them. The weapons which did get through, together with the reliance by loyalists on leaked, although often outdated, military and police intelligence files on potential targets, meant that by 1992 loyalists were killing more than the republicans, a situation not seen since 1975.

Jimmy Smyth extradition case
Sir Patrick Mayhew, Northern Ireland Secretary, declared the Nelson affair was "dead and buried". However, in May 1993, a San Francisco, California judge, in the extradition case of a Maze prisoner escapee, James Joseph "Jimmy" Smyth, who had used the alias "Jimmy Lynch", demanded disclosure in court of suppressed reports, including documents on Nelson, or risk having the case dismissed. The papers were not produced, but Smyth was eventually extradited to Northern Ireland and to jail on 17 August 1996.

Francisco Notarantonio
Nelson was accused of setting up the killing of an Irish republican, Francisco Notarantonio, to divert the UDA from targeting "Stakeknife", Frederico Scappatici, a senior IRA member believed to be informing for the FRU. Loyalist Sam McCrory shot Notarantonio, aged 66, who had been interned in 1971 but had not been active for many years, dead at his home in Ballymurphy, West Belfast on 9 October 1987.

Legacy
Loyalist Billy "Twister" McQuiston revealed to journalist Peter Taylor that he and his comrades believed the Stevens Inquiry and the arrest of Brian Nelson did the UDA a favour, declaring "The Stevens inquiry got rid of all the old guard within the UDA and fresher men took over". In its aftermath, Loyalists began out-killing the IRA for the first time in decades.

Death
Nelson died, reportedly from a brain haemorrhage, on 11 April 2003, aged 55, after suffering a heart attack a fortnight before his death. Although news reports described Nelson as living in a secret location in England, it was not disclosed whether he had been granted witness protection as part of the supergrass policy.

References

1947 births
2003 deaths
British military intelligence informants
Loyalists imprisoned during the Northern Ireland conflict
Paramilitaries from Belfast
Ulster Defence Association members
Double agents
Irish spies during The Troubles (Northern Ireland)


Thomas Malcolm Tejan-Sie (born 23 November 1988) is an English footballer who plays as a midfielder for Wingate & Finchley.

Career
Born in Camden, London, Tejan-Sie made his debut for Dagenham & Redbridge in the Football League Trophy, in the 1–0 away win against Peterborough United on 7 October 2008, coming on as a substitute in the 86th minute for Mark Nwokeji. He made his Football League debut against Exeter City in the 2–1 home defeat, on 20 January 2009, coming on as a substitute for Solomon Taiwo in the 79th minute.

At the start of the 2009–10 season, Tejan-Sie was loaned out for a month to Conference South club Braintree Town.

In January 2011, Tejan-Sie went on a month loan to Conference South club Thurrock. The deal later was extendend by two further months.
In May 2011 Dagenham announced the release of Tejan-Sie at the end of his contract.

He joined Wingate & Finchley in August 2013, making his debut on the opening day of the season in a 4–0 victory over Carshalton Athletic. Tejan-Sie scored his first goal for Wingate & Finchley against Corinthian-Casuals in the London Senior Cup Second Round on 3 December 2013, and scored his first league goal in a 3–1 home victory against Thamesmead Town on 25 January 2014

References

External links

Aylesbury United

1988 births
Living people
Footballers from the London Borough of Camden
English men's footballers
Dagenham & Redbridge F.C. players
Billericay Town F.C. players
Braintree Town F.C. players
Thurrock F.C. players
Wingate & Finchley F.C. players
English Football League players
National League (English football) players
Isthmian League players
Black British sportsmen
Men's association football midfielders


Kixico  is a town and commune in the municipality of Nambuangongo, province of Bengo, Angola.

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


Canacassala  is a town and commune in the municipality of Nambuangongo, province of Bengo, Angola.

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


Gombe  is a town and commune in the municipality of Nambuangongo, province of Bengo, Angola.

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


Kicunzo  is a town and commune in the municipality of Nambuangongo, Bengo Province, Angola.

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


Cage-Mazumbo  is a town and commune in the municipality of Nambuangongo, Bengo Province, Angola.

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


Belsize Park was a short-lived 19th century rugby football club that was notable for being one of the twenty-one founding members of the Rugby Football Union. Although there is no direct link between this club and the modern day Belsize Park RFC which was founded in 1971 the modern club do deem themselves a re-establishment of the former and thus could be considered spiritual successors to the former club.

History

Beginning
Belsize Park was founded in 1870 and played football using a modified form of the Rugby School code. On 26 January 1871, they sent representation to a meeting of twenty-one London and suburban football clubs that followed Rugby School rules (Wasps were invited but failed to attend) assembled at the Pall Mall Restaurant in Regent Street. E.C. Holmes, captain of the Richmond Club assumed the presidency. It was resolved unanimously that the formation of a Rugby Football Society was desirable and thus the Rugby Football Union was formed. A president, a secretary and treasurer, and a committee of thirteen were elected, to whom was entrusted the drawing-up of the laws of the game upon the basis of the code in use at Rugby School. Although Belsize Park was considered prominent enough to have been invited, they did not gain any of the thirteen places on the original committee.

Later years
It is unclear when Belsize Park disbanded although it is almost certainly before 1880. In his 1879 Dictionary of London, Charles Dickens Jr goes into some detail about the major teams in London and Belsize Park are not mentioned. It seems the clubs prominence may have faded quickly during the 1870s with the 1892 publication "Football; the Rugby union game" not even mentioning the club in its section devoted to the history of clubs in the London and metropolitan region. The modern Belsize Park RFC make reference in their Club History to Belsize moving in 1878 to form Rosslyn Park FC. A brief reference in The Official England Rugby Miscellany also makes reference to Belsize moving to Rosslyn Park, this time in 1879. However, this is not reciprocated in the history of Rosslyn Park, as expounded in their club history in which they give a very different account of their origins in 1879 as an extension of a cricket club of the same name in order to give the members of the club winter sport. This is supported by Wavell Wakefield's 1928 account in his comprehensive Rugger - The History, Theory and Practice of Rugby Football. It is possible that the close proximity of the disbanding of Belsize Park and the start up of Rosslyn Park, led to many players joining the new club, although other sources suggest that many of Belsize Park's players, upon disbanding as late as 1880, joined the Harlequins.

References

External links
 modern Belsize Park RFC

Defunct rugby union teams in England
Rugby clubs established in 1870
Rugby union clubs in London
Belsize Park
1870 establishments in England
1880s disestablishments in England


Mabubas  is a town and commune in the municipality of Dande, Bengo Province, Angola. As of 2014, the commune had a population of 25,970 people over an area of .

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


Úcua is a town and commune in the municipality of Dande, province of Bengo, Angola.

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


Piri  is a town and commune in the municipality of Dembos, province of Bengo, Angola.

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


Quibaxe  is a town and commune in the municipality of Dembos, province of Bengo, Angola.

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


São José das Matas  is a town and commune in the municipality of Dembos, province of Bengo, Angola.

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


Paredes  is a town and commune in the municipality of Dembos, province of Bengo, Angola.

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


Kiaje  is a town and commune in the municipality of Bula Atumba, province of Bengo, Angola. As of 2014, the commune had a population of 1,490 people over an area of .

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


A by-election was held in the Legislative Assembly of Queensland seat of Mulgrave on 5 December 1998. It was triggered by the resignation of sitting One Nation member Charles Rappolt.

The by-election was won by Labor candidate Warren Pitt.

Background

Charles Rappolt came to parliament as one of 11 One Nation candidates elected at the 1998 state election. Rappolt won the seat of Mulgrave with 54.2% of the two party preferred vote. However, Rappolt found it difficult to cope with the pressures of public life and resigned his seat just four months into his term.

Candidates

The by-election pitted two former members for Mulgrave against each other. The National Party endorsed Naomi Wilson who had held the seat from 1995 to 1998 before her defeat to Rappolt at the 1998 state election. The Labor Party preselected Warren Pitt, member for Mulgrave from 1989 to 1995 before his defeat to Wilson at the 1995 state election. Pitt had also unsuccessfully stood for the seat at the 1998 state election, and would have won if not for Coalition preferences leaking to Rappolt.

One Nation chose Peter Boniface to defend the seat.

Result

With One Nation failing to repeat their strong state election performance, the contest reverted to a more typical Labor versus National contest. Labor's Warren Pitt prevailed narrowly.

Aftermath
Where previously the Labor government of Peter Beattie had governed in the minority—they held 44 seats in an 89-seat parliament and depended upon the support of independent MP Peter Wellington—their victory in Mulgrave gave the government an outright majority of 45 seats.

See also
List of Queensland state by-elections

References

1998 elections in Australia
Queensland state by-elections
1990s in Queensland


The Nippon Tornadoes (日本 颶風) was a team of the International Basketball League that began play in the 2009 season.  A representative team from the Japanese Basketball Academy, the Tornadoes were based in Matsuyama, Ehime, but maintain a national identity and played their full 20-game schedule on the road.

Notable players
Soichiro Fujitaka
Tomoyuki Umeda
Joe Wolfinger

Coaches
Ryutaro Onodera
Shinji Tomiyama (asst)

External links
Team page on IBL website

Sports teams in Ehime Prefecture

Defunct basketball teams in Japan
International Basketball League teams
Basketball teams established in 2008
2008 establishments in Japan
Basketball teams disestablished in 2013
2013 disestablishments in Japan
Matsuyama, Ehime


Euel Box (December 31, 1928 - February 28, 2017) was an American music producer, composer, arranger, and trumpeter who wrote major film scores and radio jingles for major markets.

Early years

College
Box was born in Georgetown, Texas. He studied composition at the University of North Texas College of Music in the 1950s and earned a Bachelor of Music Degree in June 1951. and continued post-graduate studies in composition through the early 1950s.  One of his composition teachers was Violet Archer, resident composer.  He was classmates with undergraduate student composer Larry Austin, Eloy Fominaya and graduate students Robert Gauldin and Clifford Shipp.  Before studying at North Texas, Box spent his first two years of college (1948–49 & 1949–50) at Southwestern University.

Post college
Box played trumpet in the United States Marine Band; produced music (composed, arranged, recorded, conducted) for major radio markets in the North America, London, Luxembourg, and Australia.  He composed film music for Braniff International Airways, Dr. Pepper, Buick, the United States Navy, Haggar Slacks, Zale Corporation, Texas Instruments, LTV Aerospace, and Bell Helicopter.

Songwriter
Box was a songwriter for several films, including Benji, For the Love of Benji, The Double McGuffin, Hawmps!, and Oh Heavenly Dog.  He recorded and conducted  for various artists including Stevie Wonder, Boz Scaggs, Glen Campbell, Lou Rawls, Charlie Rich, and Chet Atkins.  As a recording artist, he had 2 albums.  In 1974, Euel, as composer, and his wife, Betty, as lyricist, received a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song — "I Feel Love" — from the film Benji.  The song also earned the two a 1974 Academy Award nomination in the same category — Best Original Song.  In that film and other projects, his chief collaborators were Betty Box and Joe Camp.  His songs included, "I Feel the Love," "Sunshine Smiles," "Multiplicity," "Live for Today," and "Somebody Who Really Cares."

Family
Box married Betty Ruth McCrary and had three children.

Film scores
 1974 — Benji
 "I Feel Love"
 1976 — Hawmps!
 1977 — Charge of the Model T's
 1978 — For the Love of Benji
 1978 — Benji's Very Own Christmas Story
 "Multiplicity" ("I Am What People Think of Me")
 1979 — The Double McGuffin
 1980 — Oh Heavenly Dog
 1987 — Benji the Hunted

Awards
Benji earned Euel Box and his wife, Betty, a 1975 nomination for an Oscar and won a Golden Globe Award for Best Song From a Motion Picture.  The award-winning song was "I Feel Love." Euel wrote the music and Betty wrote the words.  Betty also studied music at North Texas, graduating in 1952 and, with Euel, started college at Southwestern University in 1948–49.

Jingles
 "Frito Twist/How To Twist" — advertising promotion for Frito-Lay. "Frito Twist/How to Twist" was recorded in Dallas, Texas, by the PAMS Jingle Studio. "Frito Twist/How to Twist," Fritos promo 45rpm (1962)
  produced by PAMS, composed by Euel Box, et al.

References

External links

 Dallas jazz artist, Roger Boykin, interview mentioning Box
 PAMS story
 Photos from PAMS
 Story of the jingle, My Home Town, by Euel Box

1928 births
2017 deaths
American film score composers
American male film score composers
21st-century classical composers
People from Georgetown, Texas
University of North Texas College of Music alumni
Golden Globe Award-winning musicians
21st-century American composers
21st-century American male musicians


Cabiri is a town and commune in the municipality of Ícolo e Bengo, Luanda Province, Angola.

Transport
It has a terminal station of a branch line of the Luanda Railway of the national railway system.

See also
 Railway stations in Angola

References

Communes in Luanda Province
Populated places in Luanda Province


Bom Jesus  is a town and commune in the municipality of Icolo e Bengo, Luanda Province, Angola.

References

Communes in Luanda Province
Populated places in Luanda Province


Calomboloca  is a village and commune in the municipality of Ícolo e Bengo, Luanda Province, Angola. The small village of Cassoneca is located in the commune.

References

Populated places in Luanda Province
Communes in Luanda Province


Kazua  is a town and commune in the municipality of Pango-Aluquém, province of Bengo, Angola.

References

Populated places in Bengo Province
Communes in Bengo Province


Demba Chio  is a commune in the municipality of Quiçama, Luanda Province, Angola.

References

Communes in Luanda Province
Populated places in Luanda Province


Mumbondo  is a town and commune in the municipality of Quiçama, Luanda Province, Angola.

References

Communes in Luanda Province
Populated places in Luanda Province


Quixinge is a commune in the municipality of Quiçama, Luanda Province, Angola.

Transport
It is served by an extension of a branch railway of the northern railway.

See also
 Railway stations in Angola

References

Communes in Luanda Province
Populated places in Luanda Province


Iron & Blood: Warriors of Ravenloft is a 3D fighting game released for PC and PlayStation.

Plot
Iron & Blood is based on the Ravenloft campaign setting for the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game.

Gameplay
Players choose a hero or villain to control. The following table lists them close to the way they appear on the character selection screen:

Development
Iron & Blood: Warriors of Ravenloft was developed by Take-Two Interactive. Creator/producer Rick Hall stated, "There are a lot of big guns out there and we noticed everyone's games are martial arts-based, but there weren't any fantasy-based fighting games. I'm a big D&D fan, so I thought that would be fun."

The game was originally unveiled as an exclusive for the 3DO M2 console under the title Ironblood. However, Take-Two Interactive later announced that the game would first be released for the PlayStation, with versions for the M2 and PC to come later. At this time they revealed that they had always intended the game to be a multiplatform release for Sega Saturn, PlayStation, and M2, and even started work on the PlayStation version first. They explained that they had only announced it as an M2 exclusive because at that time 3DO was the only one of the three console companies to have approved the game. However, they also mentioned that while the M2 version ran at a resolution of 640×480, hardware limitations meant they could only get the PlayStation version to run at a resolution of 512×240. The Sega Saturn version was officially announced, but eventually cancelled as part of Acclaim's withdrawal of support for the Saturn.

The M2 version was cancelled by the end of 1996. Representatives from Take-Two and 3DO said that the two companies had mutually agreed to cancel the game.

The animations for the fighters were created by motion capture filming several members of the Society for Creative Anachronism.

Reception

According to Take-Two, Iron & Blood sold above 150,000 units by the end of October 1996 and accounted for 32.0% of its revenue during that fiscal year, the total of which was $12.5 million. The company's net income in that period was $349,074.

Iron & Blood received mostly negative reviews. Covering the PlayStation version, Electronic Gaming Monthlys four-man review team praised the large lineup of fighters and said the ability to earn new magic abilities in fights is innovative, but heavily criticized the fighting engine, citing jerky controls and a lack of technique. Jeff Gerstmann of GameSpot outright panned the game, complaining of jerky controls, poor animation, and camera angles which make it impossible for the player to consistently know which button to push to go in the desired direction. A Next Generation critic instead praised the animation and graphical detail, but argued that the fighting lacks innovation. He summarized, "The combos are limited, the special moves are clichéd, and without any noticeable enhancements brought to the actual fighting, the action feels passé. The digitized speech and special effects are average, and the techno soundtrack seems laughably anachronistic against the medieval visuals." GamePro remarked that "There's no strategy (we beat the game using a single button) ... Fighters get hit, then end up with their backs to an opponent; you hit a walled ring that can hurt you more than the enemy; and the moves are basic."

According to GameSpy, "A bargain-bin game from the day it was released, Iron & Blood is best forgotten."

Legacy
In October 2018, the game's rights were acquired by Canadian production company Liquid Media Group along with other titles originally owned by Acclaim Entertainment.

See also
List of fighting games

References

External links

1996 video games
Cancelled Panasonic M2 games
Cancelled Sega Saturn games
DOS games
Dungeons & Dragons video games
Games commercially released with DOSBox
Multiplayer and single-player video games
PlayStation (console) games
Ravenloft
Take-Two Interactive games
Video games developed in the United States


Livadiya may refer to:
Livadiya, Crimea, an urban-type settlement in Crimea
Livadiya, Primorsky Krai, a former urban settlement in Primorsky Krai, Russia, part of the city of Nakhodka


Personal Diary was a half-hour TV series that aired on Black Entertainment Television which profiled notable African-Americans.  This TV series was an attempt to broaden the viewer demographics of B.E.T. by offering content not based primarily on music / entertainment performances or videos, but content that highlighted historical moments or significant achievements through a first-person, narrative style.

Two signature characteristics distinguished Personal Diary from other TV interview programs.  The first was that the questions posed to the featured guest were never heard during the episode, giving the impression that the guest was relaying a stream of thoughts rather than participating in a typical question-and-answer interview.  The second was the extreme close-up technique used in the taping of the episode, where the guest's face was prominently shown in frame throughout the episode.

Guests who appeared on the show included educator Marva Collins, Rosa Parks, Ramsey Lewis, Shirley Chisholm, and Barbara Jordan.

References

BET original programming
1992 American television series debuts


Halawah (حلاوة) is a village in Ajloun Governorate, Jordan. Along with Al Hashimiyya and Al Wahadinah, it makes up the Ash Shefa Municipality.

History
In 1596, during the Ottoman Empire, Halawah was noted in the  census as being located  in the nahiya of Ajloun in the liwa of  Ajloun. It had a population of 14 Muslim households and 1 Muslim bachelor.  They paid a fixed tax-rate of 25%  on various  agricultural products, including wheat, barley, olive trees, goats and beehives, in addition to  occasional revenues; a total of  2,760 akçe.

In 1838  Halawah's inhabitants were predominantly Sunni Muslims.

The Jordanian census of 1961 found 972 inhabitants in Halawa.

Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 8,647 people, and 14 families residing in the village.

Climate
Halawah's climate is typified by warm, dry summers followed by cold, rainy winters with short transitional seasons in between.

Transportation
Halawah is served by Bus services to Ajloun and Irbid. A driving service for many residents to Amman passes through Ajloun.

References

Bibliography

External links
 Satellite Images of Halawah
Weather information for Halawah
 Video of Halawah showing the terrain

Populated places in Ajloun Governorate


"Stop for a Minute" is a 1987 pop song by German singer Sandra, written by Michael Cretu and Klaus Hirschburger, and produced by Cretu. It was released as the second single from Sandra's first greatest hits compilation Ten on One (The Singles) in early 1988, and reached the top 10 on the German sales and airplay charts. The song was used in the German crime TV series Tatort, in the episode "Salü Palu", where Sandra performs it in a club scene. The show was set in Saarbrücken, Sandra's hometown, and aired on 24 January 1988.

The music video for the song was directed by DoRo (Rudi Dolezal and Hannes Rossacher) and largely uses footage from Sandra's appearance in Tatort. The clip was released on Sandra's VHS video compilations Ten on One (The Singles) and 18 Greatest Hits, released in 1987 and 1992, respectively, as well as the 2003 DVD The Complete History.

A new remix of the song was included on Sandra's 2006 retrospective Reflections.

Formats and track listings
 7" single
A. "Stop for a Minute" – 4:05
B. "Two Lovers Tonight" – 3:45

 12" single
A "Stop for a Minute" (Extended Version) – 6:19
B1. "Two Lovers Tonight" – 3:45
B2. "Stop for a Minute" (Single Version) – 4:05

Charts

References

External links
 "Stop for a Minute" at Discogs
 The official Sandra YouTube channel

1987 songs
1988 singles
Sandra (singer) songs
Song recordings produced by Michael Cretu
Songs written by Klaus Hirschburger
Songs written by Michael Cretu
Virgin Records singles


John "Jack" McClelland (19 May 1940 – 15 March 1976) was a Northern Irish international footballer who played as a goalkeeper. McClelland played professionally in England for Arsenal, Fulham and Lincoln City, making 109 appearances in the Football League, as well as earning six caps for the Northern Ireland national side. He died of a brain tumour in March 1976 at the age of 35.

References

External links

 Northern Ireland's Footballing Greats

1940 births
1976 deaths
Association footballers from County Armagh
Northern Ireland men's international footballers
Glenavon F.C. players
Arsenal F.C. players
Fulham F.C. players
Lincoln City F.C. players
Barnet F.C. players
Deaths from brain cancer in Northern Ireland
Men's association football goalkeepers
Sportspeople from Lurgan
Men's association footballers from Northern Ireland


West Valley High School is a public secondary school in Yakima, Washington, United States, in the West Valley School District.  The school enrolls approximately 1,500 students and services grades 9-12.

History
West Valley High School was constructed in 1955, and refurbished in the 1980s. The facilities were intended for only 400 students, but were occupied by more than 1100. A levy proposed in May 2006 sought funding for construction of a new, state-of-the-art high school near the original school.

New campus
A new school building was completed in August 2009. The new structure is two-story, steel frame, and masonry construction that includes:  vo-tech space, agriculture science lab, eight science rooms, wood and construction shop, metal and manufacturing shops, welding labs, media center, seven computer labs, art room, business education labs, JROTC room, music/choir room, 60 general classrooms, administration, counseling areas, home and family life lab, special needs areas, and a serving kitchen all organized around central commons and outdoor student plaza areas.  In addition, the design includes an auditorium with a seating capacity of 500, a stage with full rigging for lighting and curtains, plus full sound system.

Freshman Campus

After the completion of the new campus, construction crews remodeled the old campus. The exterior buildings of the school, including the portables, were demolished, except for the auto shop. Only the main building of the campus was kept and remodeled, including a new library and computer lab in a portion of the commons/cafeteria. The remodeled campus was named West Valley High School: Freshman Campus. The building was completed for the beginning in 2010, before the start of the new school year.

In Fall 2019, the freshman class was moved to the main building so the Freshman Campus building could be used to house Apple Valley Elementary School and Summitview Elementary School while their new buildings were being constructed. All West Valley High School students grades 9-12 now attend school in the main building.

In Fall 2021, Apple Valley Elementary School and Summitview Elementary School moved into their new buildings. The Freshman Campus was then transformed into the Innovation Center for West Valley School District.

Athletics
West Valley High School is a 4A school and competes in the hybrid 3A / 4A Columbia Basin Big Nine League, which is a part of the Washington Interscholastic Activities Association. Its mascot is the ram and its colors are scarlet red, Columbia blue, and white.

Notable alumni
Reina Almon, Miss Washington's Outstanding Teen 2009 and Miss Washington 2013
Chris Magruder, former MLB baseball outfielder (Texas Rangers, Cleveland Indians, Milwaukee Brewers)
Josh Pearce, former MLB baseball pitcher (St. Louis Cardinals)
Lis Wiehl, author and legal analyst for Fox News
Shane Lemieux, current NFL offensive guard New York Giants

References

High schools in Yakima County, Washington
Public high schools in Washington (state)
1955 establishments in Washington (state)
Buildings and structures in Yakima County, Washington