Rights Object Acquisition Protocol is a suite of XML-based Digital Rights Management (DRM) security protocols which enables Open Mobile Alliance-conformant user devices to request and acquire viewing and/or editing rights, permissions, privileges and other attributes from a Rights Issuer. This protocol has been specified in the OMA DRM Specification v2.0.

The ROAP protocol suite enables communication between a Rights Issuing (RI) entity and a DRM Agent resident in the user device. Rights, permissions, privileges and other attributes are encapsulated into object oriented (OO) entities called Rights Objects (RO).

The basic functionalities enabled by ROAP include:
Registration of user devices (4-pass Registration Protocol)
Request and Acquisition of RO (2-pass Rights Object Acquisition Protocol, 1-pass ROAP)
Joining and leaving of domain (2-pass Join Domain Protocol, 2-pass Leave Domain Protocol)

All protocols included in the ROAP protocol suite except the 1-pass ROAP are initialized when the user device receives a ROAP Trigger XML document. The MIME type of the ROAP Trigger document is "application/vnd.oma.drm.roap-trigger+xml".

References

External links
 Open Mobile Alliance
 Open Mobile Alliance Digital Rights Management
 OMA DRM Specification v2.0
 Introduction of Basic Concepts of OMA DRM

Digital rights management standards


LeeTran is the transit bus service operated by the Lee County Transit Department, providing service to Bonita Springs, Cape Coral, Fort Myers, Fort Myers Beach and much of the unincorporated area of Lee County, Florida. Buses operate Monday through Saturday between 5:00 a.m. and 9:45 p.m., depending on the route; and at various times on Sunday. Trolleys operate Monday through Sunday between 6:30 a.m. and 9:25 p.m.. In , the system had a ridership of , or about  per weekday as of .

Routes
LeeTran serves the following bus routes.

$ Mon-Sat 140 runs Merchants Crossing to Bell Tower, 240 Runs Bell Tower To Coconut Point. On Sundays, 140 runs full route
& Interlined Routes On Monday to Saturday, On Sunday 600 Runs Regular Route No 240 ȃ Service

Seasonal Routes

Former Routes

References

External links

Bus transportation in Florida
Transportation in Fort Myers, Florida
Bonita Springs, Florida


The Southern 500, officially known as the Cook Out Southern 500 for sponsorship reasons, is a NASCAR Cup Series stock car race at Darlington Raceway in Darlington, South Carolina, United States. The race distance is  and consists of 367 laps. From 1950 to 2003, and again since 2015, the race has been held on Labor Day weekend. The Southern 500 is largely considered one of the Crown Jewels of the NASCAR calendar, and has been nicknamed NASCAR's "oldest superspeedway race." For decades, the race has been considered by competitors and media as one of the more difficult and challenging races on the NASCAR schedule, owing much to the track's unusual, asymmetrical egg-shape, rough pavement, and overall unforgiving nature. Darlington Raceway itself has a long and storied reputation as the "Track Too Tough to Tame."

The Southern 500 has a storied history, including Bill Elliott famously winning the Winston Million in 1985, and Jeff Gordon doing the same in 1997. It is also the site of Darrell Waltrip's final career victory (1992).

Through 2004, Darlington held two Cup series races annually, the Southern 500 in the fall, and a 400-mile event in the spring. In 2004, the Southern 500 was moved to November and was run as the second-to-last race in the inaugural Chase for the Championship. The following year, as the result of a settlement in the Ferko lawsuit, Darlington lost one of its two dates. The 500-mile race was moved to the Saturday of Mother's Day weekend in May and renamed for the sponsorship of Dodge. The race was held as a night race under-the-lights during this period.

The event re-assumed the Southern 500 name in 2009, and in 2015, moved back to its traditional Labor Day weekend date. From 2015 to 2020, the race weekend has been themed "NASCAR Throwback," with many cars fielding "Throwback" paint schemes (the revitalised spring race has taken that role in 2021). Since 2020, the event is currently scheduled to take place as the first race of the NASCAR playoffs. However, in 2023, the race was announced to be the regular season finale in 2024.

The trophy features photos of all the past winners of the race.

History

1950–2003: Original run on Labor Day Weekend
The race began in 1950, as NASCAR's first 500-mile race, and it was the only race of such distance until the Daytona 500 debuted in 1959.  Through most of its history, the race was one of NASCAR's premier events, and was known as one of  four majors on the NASCAR circuit. From 1985–1997, it served as the fourth race of the popular Winston Million. Two drivers, Bill Elliott (1985) and Jeff Gordon (1997), clinched the Winston Million with victories in the Southern 500.

The Southern 500 was one of the last races on the circuit to embrace naming rights in its title. In 1989, the race added Heinz as a title sponsor, but kept the traditional "Southern" moniker in its official name. From 1992 to 2004, it was sponsored by PepsiCo products (Pepsi or Mountain Dew).

From 1950 to 2003, this annual event was traditionally held on Labor Day weekend (typically the first weekend of September). In the years before 1984, the race was held on Monday, Labor Day itself.

From 1953 to 1996, there was a Miss Southern 500 beauty pageant where the event winner competed in the Miss South Carolina Pageant the following year. In the entire history of the pageant, only two Miss Southern 500s ever won Miss South Carolina (Amanda Spivey: 1995, Janet Powers: 1997).

2004: November
For the 2004 season, a realignment of the NASCAR schedule saw the race move to November. Track management believed the November date would allow for cooler, more comfortable weather for fans, who had increasingly voiced concerns about the hot, humid, weather. Also, it meant the race would be part of the new Chase for the Championship. Rockingham lost its fall date to Fontana, and the Pop Secret 500 was moved to the prestigious Labor Day weekend date.

In 2004, Francis Ferko, a shareholder of the company that owned Texas Motor Speedway, sued NASCAR, saying they had violated antitrust laws by refusing to have a second race at Texas Motor Speedway, as many other tracks had. The case was settled in his favor, and NASCAR was forced to give up one of its Darlington dates so that a second race could be held at Texas.

2005–2013: Mother's Day weekend
Starting in 2005, Darlington was forced to contract down to one race per year. Officials replaced Darlington's two Cup Series events with one 500-mile race. The event's traditional moniker "Southern 500" was dropped for the time being. The race was situated on the Saturday of Mother's Day weekend in mid-May. Mother's Day weekend was a date that had been mostly avoided by NASCAR in recent decades. The Nashville 420 had used the Saturday of Mother's Day weekend for a time until it was discontinued in 1984. Moving the Darlington race to May loosely mimicked the period in which the spring race, once known as the Rebel 500, was held on or around Confederate Memorial Day.

Dodge, which had been sponsoring Darlington's spring race at that point, took over sponsorship of the 500-mile race in May. The title of the race was based on various Dodge models including the Charger, Challenger, and Avenger. The race would be held under-the-lights and proved to be well-attended.

Without a title sponsor after 2008, the race re-adopted the moniker of "Southern 500". Track officials and fans were anxious to revive the traditional name. GoDaddy was signed as presenting sponsor, and it became known as the Southern 500 presented by GoDaddy.com. The race was then sponsored by Showtime Networks from 2010 to 2011, and Bojangles' from 2012 to 2019.

While enjoying renewed success in attendance and popularity in May, there was still desire by some fans, media, and others to move the race back to its traditional Labor Day date. Especially after replacement races (Fontana and Atlanta) failed to gain any foothold on the desirable Labor Day weekend holiday slot. Bruton Smith, CEO of Speedway Motorsports even offered to buy the Darlington track to return it to Labor Day weekend and "get it back where it belongs".

2014: April
In 2014, the race switched dates with the spring Kansas race, and ran in the second weekend in April. This change, like the one ten years earlier, would only last a year. The 2014 race was still run at night, whereas the Kansas race on that date had been run during the afternoon.

2015–present: Return to Labor Day weekend
A revived interest in moving the Southern 500 back to Labor Day grew over the summer of 2014. In August 2014, it was announced that 2015 Southern 500 would return to its traditional Labor Day weekend slot, the first time since 2003. To combat the issue of heat and humidity that had resulted in the race originally being moved, the race is currently run Sunday night of Labor Day weekend, under the lights, with temperatures being cooler than they are during daytime hours.

To celebrate the return of the race to its traditional weekend, a concerted and highly publicized effort among NASCAR, the track, and teams were made to theme the weekend a "NASCAR Throwback." Thirty-two cars in the 43 car field ran throwback paint schemes during the event, with various other throwback aspects planned throughout the weekend. It was announced days before the race that legendary broadcasters Ken Squier, Ned Jarrett and Dale Jarrett would announce part of the race. Some hour into the broadcasting, Squier, and the Jarretts called the race lap-by-lap for about an hour. NBC, which also utilized its logos from the 1970s during the broadcast, was widely praised by many for bringing back old memories in the sport. The success of the event led to a nomination for Sports Event of the Year.

Due to the success and popularity in 2015, the "Throwback" theme for the weekend was run from 2015 to 2020.  In 2021, with the reinstatement of the second weekend during the 2020 season, the theme was moved to the spring meeting in order to allow playoff teams to focus on the playoff. The Labor Day weekend races (1950–2003) and the November race (2004), have been combined with the ten May/April races (2005–2014) and the Labor Day weekend races since 2015, to create a continuous lineage of the Southern 500 dating from 1950 to present.

Bojangles' ended its title sponsorship of the race after the 2019 race.

2020: New Format and Return to the NASCAR playoffs
When the 2020 NASCAR Cup Series schedule was released, the Southern 500 was scheduled as the only race at the circuit, again on Labor Day weekend.  It became the first race of the NASCAR playoffs' Round of 16 due to NASCAR ending the season a week earlier than usual, at Phoenix Raceway. The race was previously held in the playoffs when it began in 2004 as the ninth race.

Because of the global pandemic, Darlington Raceway returned to having two race weekends, as the Rebel 400 was reinstated in April as part of returning to the track following a nine-week pause.  A 500-kilometer Cup race was also scheduled that week as part of NASCAR's attempt to do a 36-race schedule, in effect creating three races over two weekends.

Cook Out, which had sponsored with Darlington Raceway as the official quick-service restaurant of the track, assumed naming rights for the Southern 500.    As a result of pandemic changes, the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series moved a race from Canadian Tire Motorsports Park (Mosport) to Darlington, making the Cook Out Southern 500 a doubleheader.

Starting in 2021, the throwback round theme was moved to the Rebel, again held on its original weekend as it was in 1957, but scheduled for Sunday.  The Truck Series again could not participate at Mosport, so the Southern 500 returned as a doubleheader with the Trucks in the afternoon and Cup in the evening.  Some teams are running throwbacks on this weekend, and not the spring weekend.

Selected race summaries
 1950: The very first running lasted over six hours and multiple cars blew tires.  Johnny Mantz drove a conservative race and emerged with the win.
 1960: In a race with 48 entries, numerous crashes occurred. Ankrum "Spook" Crawford was injured when a car crashed into the unprotected pit road area; later Bobby Johns crashed in the pits, killing three.  Richard Petty led 106 laps but spun out with 50 laps to go.  Pole-sitter Glenn Roberts broke an axle and finished ninth, 11 laps down.  Rex White was flagged the winner, but a reexamination of scoring showed White was credited with one extra lap he had not run, giving the win to Buck Baker.
 1965: Darel Dieringer broke with 39 laps to go after leading 199 laps, leaving Ned Jarrett alone by 14 laps en route to the win.  The race saw a scary melee when young Cale Yarborough crashed with Sam McQuagg in Turn One and Cale's car flew over the guardrail and landed outside the speedway; he was uninjured and interviewed for ABC Sports by Chris Economaki.
 1966: Darel Dieringer passed Richard Petty with seven laps to go and stormed to the win.  A scary crash erupted in Turn One as Earl Balmer smashed into the guardrail on Lap 186 and spun atop it, throwing debris into the open-air press box in the turn.
 1967: Richard Petty wins his only Southern 500
 1970: Buddy Baker joined his father Buck Baker in winning the Southern 500.  Five of the top six finishers drove either 1969 Dodge Daytonas or 1970 Plymouth Superbirds, making this the only Darlington race won by the famed winged Chryslers.
 1974: Cale Yarborough became a three-time Southern 500 winner, edging sophomore sensation Darrell Waltrip.   Crashes thinned the field and eliminated the likes of Richard Petty, Buddy Baker, David Pearson, and Bobby Allison; singled out for criticism was Richie Panch, involved in three wrecks during the day.   Allison accused Yarborough of wrecking him, a charge Yarborough angrily denied.
 1976: David Pearson ended a career slump in the Southern 500, taking his ninth win of his magic 1976 season, his first Southern 500 after six wins in the Rebel 500.  Richard Petty finished second, the 60th time in their careers Pearson and Petty had finished 1–2 in a Winston Cup Grand National race (the duo would finish 1–2 three more times in their careers with Pearson holding a 33–30 edge). Both Jimmy Carter and Bob Dole visited the race while on the campaign trail.
 1977: A huge fight between Cale Yarborough and Darrell Waltrip ended in a crash and Pearson grabbed his second straight Southern 500.  Following the race D.K. Ulrich, caught up in the fracas, asked Cale why he'd hit him; Cale replied "I didn't hit you, Jaws did;  Jaws Waltrip" – creating a popular nickname for Waltrip.
 1979: Pearson achieved vindication at the same track where earlier that year a pit accident cost him his ride with Wood Brothers Racing.   Driving Rod Osterlund's Chevrolet while regular driver Dale Earnhardt recovered from late-July injury, Pearson made up a lap when Darrell Waltrip spun out of the lead with 70 laps to go, then spun again some 20 laps later; he lost 12 laps and finished 11th after leading 165 laps.  Pearson edged young driver Bill Elliott for the win, his 104th career Winston Cup Grand National win.
 1980: Once again Waltrip and Pearson were keys to a shocking Southern 500; this time Waltrip, embroiled in a contract fight with DiGard Racing, led 196 laps from the pole while Pearson once again had to make up a lap, this time driving Hoss Ellington's Chevrolet.   But a timing chain broke on Waltrip, ending his race 39 laps from the finish.  Benny Parsons grabbed the lead while Pearson got back on the lead lap.  A late yellow for Cale Yarborough (who'd had a miserable day with a fuel fire and several earlier spins) set up a five-lap shootout between Parsons, Pearson, and Dale Earnhardt; Pearson took the lead on the restart, Earnhardt passed on Lap 364 but Pearson retook the lead on that same lap, but with two to go all three leaders crashed, in Turn, One on oil from a backmarker; Pearson limped to the line, but Terry Labonte caught and swung past at the white flag, grabbing his first career win.
 1982: The most competitive running of the Southern 500 took place as the lead changed 41 times among 17 drivers.   Bobby Allison in the #88 led 88 laps before breaking, while Darrell Waltrip in Junior Johnson's Buick led 23 laps before blowing his engine.  In all 14 cautions flew and helped set up a four-car shootout involving the cream of stock car racing's old guard (Cale Yarborough and Richard Petty) and the cream of its up-and-coming new guard (Dale Earnhardt and Bill Elliott).  Cale edged Petty, Earnhardt, and Elliott for his record fifth Southern 500, and what would be his last victory with M.C. Anderson's race team.
 1985: NASCAR's Winston Million program paid out when Bill Elliott took the win in the Southern 500, thus winning three of NASCAR's four biggest races (he'd won the Daytona 500 and Winston 500 earlier in the year).  Challenges by Dale Earnhardt and Cale Yarborough fell apart; Yarborough finished second despite breaking a power steering line. The million-dollar program made Elliott's winnings the highest in NASCAR history to that point.
 1986: Tim Richmond and Geoff Bodine swept the front row and combined to lead 330 laps. Intermittent rain pushed the four-hour contest to darkness.  Bodine ran dry and finished eighth while Bill Elliott's attempt to stretch his fuel came short with six to go and he finished third behind Richmond and Bobby Allison.  The win was the first at Darlington for crew chief Harry Hyde.  Dale Earnhardt hit Richard Petty six laps in and Petty was eliminated; "His mind goes out of gear," said an angered Petty.
 1987: Rain-shortened 1987 running after just 202 laps; the battle for the win turned into a showdown between Earnhardt and Richard Petty; Petty gunned past Earnhardt on a Lap 188 restart but Earnhardt retook the lead on lap 191 just before rain brought out what would be the race-ending yellow at Lap 198.  Rookie sensation Davey Allison won the pole and led 86 laps but crashed in Turn Four at Lap 164; the crash swept up Lake Speed while Mike Potter spun behind them and was drilled by Benny Parsons.
 1989: Darrell Waltrip had opportunity to win the Winston Million but crashed, leaving Dale Earnhardt to his second Southern 500 win.
 1990: Earnhardt, Bill Elliott, and Geoff Bodine timed together in the top three and combined to lead 286 laps between them; Bodine faded to eighth while Elliott finished fourth and Ernie Irvan led 70 laps and grabbed second, but no one could catch Earnhardt en route to his third Southern 500 in his previous four starts.  The race was famous for a vicious feud between Ken Schrader and Morgan Shepherd; Schrader crashed early in the race after an encounter with Shepherd, then after getting repairs he sped onto the track and rammed Shepherd in the third turn.   Shepherd finished 21st while Schrader was parked.
 1991: Harry Gant won the Southern 500 for the second time, leading 152 laps while pole-sitter Davey Allison led 151 laps but finished four laps down.  Gant's win began a four-race win streak, the first such in NASCAR since 1987.
 1992: Davey Allison entered the race with a chance for the Winston Million, but rain interfered, and cut the race short. Harry Gant and Davey Allison combined to lead 163 laps. With rain approaching the area, the leaders cycled through a series of pit stops around lap 292, but a scant handful of drivers stayed out. Allison's Crew chief Larry McReynolds sent a crew member to the NASCAR hauler to look at the weather radar. The crew member's misinterpretation of the radar led to Allison coming into the pits and changing four tires. Darrell Waltrip was among those who gambled and stayed out, inhered the lead just as the yellow came out for rain on lap 297. The skies opened up, and the race has ended after 298 laps. Davey Allison slid to 5th in the pit stop shuffle and was denied his chance at the million-dollar bonus. The victory would be Waltrip's 84th and final career win.
 1993: After an intense battle Mark Martin broke away from Dale Earnhardt and won the Southern 500, his fourth straight Winston Cup win.  He and Earnhardt combined to lead 279 laps.  Ernie Irvan finished fifth in his debut drive in Robert Yates after an acrimonious split from Morgan McClure Motorsports; Jeff Purvis finished 26th in the McClure Chevrolet.
 2003: In the last Southern 500 held on Labor Day weekend until 2015, Terry Labonte led the final 33 laps and held off Kevin Harvick for his last win in the Cup series. The race has been labeled by many as the most popular win of 2003 as everybody was always happy to see Labonte win.
 2011: Regan Smith stayed out on a late caution when the rest of the field pitted and sweated out a late crash involving Kevin Harvick and Kyle Busch to edge Carl Edwards for his first NASCAR win.  The win was overshadowed as Harvick and Busch collided on pit road when Harvick tried to throw a punch at Busch inside his cockpit; NASCAR fined the two drivers and put them on probation after the race.
 2012: Jimmie Johnson stayed out during the final round of pit stops on the advice of crew chief Chad Knaus. Johnson would later hold off Denny Hamlin and Tony Stewart to score team owner Rick Hendrick's 200th NASCAR Cup Series victory.
 2015: 2015 marked several changes. Most notably, the race was rescheduled to its traditional Labor Day date. As part of this return to tradition, the race was dubbed a 'throwback weekend', and the majority of teams entered into the race drove cars with retro paint jobs based on classic paint schemes used in the 1970s and 1980s. Also, retro-style ads were placed on the outside walls, and part of the race was called by former NASCAR broadcasters Ken Squier and father and son Ned and Dale Jarrett. The race also utilized a new experimental rules package that took away downforce from the car. The new package resulted in a very intense race, which saw a record-breaking 18 caution flags, leading to the average green flag run only being about 14.7 laps long. Carl Edwards rallied back from two laps down to overtake Brad Keselowski and take his second win of the year.

Past winners

Notes
 1969 and 1993: Race shortened due to rain/darkness.
 1987, 1992, 1999, and 2000: Race shortened due to rain.
 2005, 2011–12, and 2014: Race extended due to NASCAR overtime.
 2007: Race postponed from Saturday night to Sunday afternoon due to rain.
 2019: Race started on Sunday but finished Monday morning due to rain.

Track length notes
 1950–1952: 1.25 mile course
 1953–1969: 1.375 mile course
 Since 1970: 1.366 mile course

Multiple winners (drivers)

Multiple winners (teams)

Manufacturer wins

See also
 Darlington Record Club

References

External links

1950 establishments in South Carolina
NASCAR races at Darlington Raceway
Recurring sporting events established in 1950
NASCAR Cup Series races
Annual sporting events in the United States


ROAP can mean:

 Rights Object Acquisition Protocol
 RTCWeb Offer/Answer Protocol
 Rapidly oscillating Ap star (roAp star).


Bruno Todeschini (born 19 September 1962) is a Franco-Swiss actor.

Life and career
Todeschini studied at L'école supérieure d'art dramatique in Genève and after graduating in 1986, he joined the Théâtre Nanterre-Amandiers, directed by Patrice Chéreau.

He has since then been appearing on television (Les Rois maudits, 2005) and in films, many directed by Chéreau.

Personal life
Todeschini has a child from a previous relationship, a son named Romain, born in 1997. He is married to actress Sophie Broustal, with whom he has a daughter, Paloma, born on 6 June 2006.

He is fluent in French and Italian.

Selected filmography
 1987 - Hôtel de France
 1992 - La sentinelle
 1994 - Coming to Terms with the Dead
 1995 - El pasajero clandestino
 1997 - Comanche Territory
 1998 - Ceux qui m'aiment prendront le train
 2000 - Le Libertin
 2002 - A Private Affair
 2003 - Son frère
 2004 - Olgas Sommer
 2004 - Secret Agents
 2004 - The Last Day
 2005 - Un amour à taire (TV)
 2005 - Les Rois maudits (TV)
 2005 - La Petite Jérusalem
 2005 - Good Girl
 2006 - 7 Ans
 2007 - Fallen Heroes
 2009 - Lourdes
 2011 - La délicatesse
 2013 - Mary Queen of Scots
 2014 - La French
 2015 - Papa lumière
 2016 - Capitaine Marleau (1 Episode)
 2017 : Jalouse

External links

1962 births
Living people
People from Neuchâtel
Swiss male stage actors
Swiss male television actors
Swiss male film actors
French male stage actors
French male television actors
French male film actors
French expatriates in Switzerland
20th-century Swiss male actors
21st-century French male actors
21st-century Swiss male actors
20th-century French male actors
Best Actor Lumières Award winners


Paulo Dos Santos (born 13 November 1973 in São Vicente, Cape Verde) is a Cape Verdean soccer midfielder who played two seasons with the New England Revolution in Major League Soccer, four seasons in the USISL and six seasons in Norway.

Youth
Dos Santos, a native of the Cape Verde Islands, moved to Brockton, Massachusetts when he was fourteen.  He attended the University of Rhode Island, playing on the men's soccer team from 1993 to 1995.  He finished his three seasons with the Rams with twenty-two goals and seventeen assists in thirty-nine games.  He graduated in 1997.

Professional
On 4 March 1996, the New England Revolution selected Dos Santos in the 3rd round (26th overall) of the 1996 MLS College Draft. He spent the season with the Revs, but never entered a game and was waived on 7 November 1996.  In February 1997, the Tampa Bay Mutiny selected Dos Santos in the 2nd round (18th overall) of the 1997 MLS Supplemental Draft. The Mutiny waived him before the season and on 15 April 1997, the Connecticut Wolves of the USISL signed Dos Santos. The team released him on 13 February 1998. He then moved to the Rhode Island Stingrays where he was a USISL D-3 All Star. In the winter of 1998–1999, he briefly played for an unknown team in the Cape Verde before returning to work in real estate in Rhode Island. On 12 March 1999, he was brought back into the New England Revolution by Steve Nichols. Nichols used him in sixteen games and he also played part of the season on loan with the Boston Bulldogs.  On 14 March 2000, the Revolution waived Dos Santos and in April 2000 he signed with the Boston Bulldogs. In 2002, he moved to Aalesunds FK in the Norwegian First Division.  In 2003, the team moved up to the Tippeligaen but was back in the First Division in 2004 and was promoted back to the Tippeligaen in 2005.  Dos Santos remained with the team through those moves. He moved to FK Haugesund for the 2006 season.  In the summer of 2007, he moved to Hødd as a free agent. The team released him after the season and he moved to Cape Verde.

References

External links
Sams-Army.com Player Profile
New England Revolution history

Aalesunds FK players
Boston Bulldogs (soccer) players
Cape Verdean men's footballers
Cape Verdean expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Connecticut Wolves players
Expatriate men's soccer players in the United States
Expatriate men's footballers in Norway
Eliteserien players
FK Haugesund players
IL Hødd players
New England Revolution players
Seacoast United Phantoms players
Rhode Island Stingrays players
Major League Soccer players
Sportspeople from Brockton, Massachusetts
1973 births
Living people
Cape Verdean emigrants to the United States
People from São Vicente, Cape Verde
Rhode Island Rams men's soccer players
USL Second Division players
A-League (1995–2004) players
New England Revolution draft picks
Tampa Bay Mutiny draft picks
Cape Verdean expatriate men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Cape Verdean expatriate sportspeople in Norway
Soccer players from Massachusetts


Church Street School may refer to:

 Church Street School (Thomasville, North Carolina), listed on the NRHP in North Carolina
 Church Street School (Nutley, New Jersey), listed on the NRHP in New Jersey
 Church Street School swimming pool in Glasgow, Scotland
 Church Street School (Tupelo, Mississippi), a historic building designed by N. W. Overstreet and listed on the National Register of Historic Places


Stian [pronounce: Steejjań] is a given name for males, originating from Norway. It is the modern form of the Old Norse name Stígandr, which means "wanderer". Another translation given is "swift on his feet".

Another modern derivation of the Old Norse is the name Stig.

Notable men named Stian include:

Stian Aarstad, pianist
Stian Arnesen, black metal musician
Stian Barsnes Simonsen, actor
Stian Berget, footballer
Stian Carstensen, jazz and folk musician
Stian Eckhoff, biathlete
Stian Grimseth, weightlifter
Stian Hole, graphic designer and children's author
Stian Kvarstad, ski jumper
Stian Lind Halvorsen, football defender
Stian Kristoffersen, Pagan's Mind drummer
Stian Ohr, football midfielder
Stian Ringstad, football defender
Stian Sivertzen, snowboarder
Stian Theting, football defender
Stian Thoresen, musician
Stian Vatne, handball player
Stian Westerhus, jazz guitarist
Stian Heimlund Skjæveland, figurative painter
Stian Rasmussen, Photographer

References

Norwegian masculine given names
Masculine given names


Lynn Ellen MacLaren (born 24 March 1962) is an American-born former Australian politician.

Early life
MacLaren was born in Colorado Springs and studied journalism at university in California, where she began a career in journalism as the chief photographer and staff reporter for two small California daily newspapers, the Desert Dispatch and the Victor Valley Daily Press.

After studying as a Rotary Youth Exchange student in 1979 in Albany, MacLaren relocated to Perth in 1982 and spent seven years in small business as a desktop publisher and technical writer. In the mid 1990s, MacLaren was prominent in the campaign to put live animal exports on the public agenda and was the foundation president of the People Against Cruelty in Animal Transport, also serving on the executive board of Animals Australia.

From 1997, MacLaren worked for Jim Scott MLC and did project work with the Environmental Defender's Office, and the Community Housing Coalition (WA). She later worked as a researcher for Giz Watson MLC.

Political career
On 15 February 2005, she was elected to the Western Australian Legislative Council as a Greens Western Australia member for South Metropolitan Region, following Jim Scott's resignation to contest the lower house seat of Fremantle. MacLaren was defeated at the 2005 state election.

After politics
From 2005 to 2008, MacLaren Senior Policy Officer with the Western Australian Council of Social Service, where she specialised in policy areas of poverty, housing and sector viability. She also worked as a consultant in strategic planning and capacity building for community organisations.

Return to politics
MacLaren contested again in the 2008 state election for South Metropolitan Region and was successful. MacLaren's first full term began in May 2009. She contested the 2013 state election and was re-elected.

MacLaren's portfolios included: planning, housing, community services, social inclusion, heritage, animals, volunteering, seniors, disability issues, food and GMOs, sexuality, tourism, arts and culture, small business and science and innovation.

MacLaren has introduced several private members bills in her portfolio areas: Climate Change Readiness Coastal Planning and Protection Bill, Same-Sex Marriage Bill, Free Range Eggs Truth in Labelling Bill, Road Traffic Amendment Keeping a Safe Distance from Bicycles Bill, Biodiversity Conservation Priority Reforms Bill.

She has served as a Member of the Environment and Public Affairs Committee and the Legislation Committee. While on the EPAC, MacLaren participated in an inquiry into the Transportation of Detained Persons which followed on from the death in a custodial van of Aboriginal man, Mr Ward, who was being transported in the hot conditions of northern Western Australia. She made a Minority Report in one the committee's Petition Report opposing the expansion of urban development in Moore River.

MacLaren was defeated at the 2017 state election.

References

1962 births
Living people
Australian Greens members of the Parliament of Western Australia
Members of the Western Australian Legislative Council
American emigrants to Australia
21st-century Australian politicians
21st-century Australian women politicians
LGBT legislators in Australia
Women members of the Western Australian Legislative Council


Kind Campaign, founded in 2009, is a non-profit organization and school program that brings awareness and healing to the negative and lasting effects of girl-against-girl bullying. The organization's founder, Lauren Parsekian, directed and produced a documentary film, Finding Kind, focusing on the subject.

History
Kind Campaign started in Malibu, California, as an after-product of an idea for a documentary film. The founders of Kind Campaign studied at Pepperdine University, where they majored in documentary film and telecommunications.

The idea of creating a non-profit organization and movement stemmed from an overwhelming demand of females that need a resource of comfort and insight.  Kind Campaign received the Lilly Endowment grant in February 2009 for "Service and Social Action".

In 2011, the Kind Campaign was featured on a special episode of Monster High, a doll line for girls.

As of Fall 2015, the founders, Lauren Paul and Molly Thompson, have personally spoken in over 300 schools across North America.  October 2015 will mark their tenth national tour across North America for National Anti-Bullying Month.  The documentary film, Finding Kind, screens in schools and communities almost every day of the school year.

In 2016, Kohl's launched a girls & juniors line in partnership with the Kind Campaign. The most notable item of the line is a tee shirt stating, "You can sit with us."

Methods
Kind Campaign uses a number of highly visible methods to reach out to the general public, promote its message, encourage action and raise funds.

Kind Campaign is a largely Internet-based campaign and therefore has multiple online communities throughout cyberspace. Kind Campaign can be found on Orkut, Twitter, Bebo, and temporarily uses Facebook or its website for its campus organizing.

References

External links
 Kind Campaign

Non-profit organizations based in California
Organizations established in 2009
2009 establishments in California
Anti-bullying organizations in the United States


Chan Hung-lit (7 June 1943 – 24 November 2009),  was a Hong Kong actor famous for portraying villains from the 1960s to 1980s.

Background
Chan started his acting career after joining Shaw Brothers Studio in 1964.  and mainly acted in wuxia and martial arts films. He rose to fame after portraying the antagonist in the 1966 wuxia film, Come Drink with Me. Chan later got his first leading role as a protagonist in the 1970 wuxia film, The Winged Tiger. In 1988, Chan took a hiatus from his acting career and was involved in the garment industry. He later resumed his acting career by joining TVB in 1995, left the following year and did not return again until 2003. In 2004, Chan won the TVB Anniversary Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in the historical drama series, War and Beauty. He was the elder brother of  Steve Chen Hao.

Death
At 4:20 p.m. on 24 November 2009, while waiting to tape an episode of Off Pedder on TVB City, Chan Hung-lit complained of sudden chest pains and fell into a coma in the changing room. He was transported by ambulance to the emergency ward of Tseung Kwan O Hospital, where he died at 7:11 p.m. at the age of 66.

Filmography

Films

Television series

See also
 Shaw Brothers Studio
 Cinema of Hong Kong

References

External links
 Chen Hung-lieh at allmovie.com
Chen Hung-Lieh at hkmdb.com
Hong Kong Cinemagic

 Chen Hung-lieh at senscritique.com

|-
! colspan="3" style="background: #DAA520;" | TVB Anniversary Awards
|-

1943 births
2009 deaths
Hong Kong male television actors
Hong Kong male film actors
Hong Kong film directors
Male actors from Shanghai
TVB veteran actors
Chinese male film actors
Chinese male television actors
20th-century Chinese male actors
21st-century Chinese male actors
20th-century Hong Kong male actors
21st-century Hong Kong male actors


The Cathedral of the Holy Wisdom of God or Saint Sophia Cathedral in Harbin (; ) is a former Russian Orthodox church located in the central district of Daoli, Harbin City, Heilongjiang, China.

History
St. Sophia Orthodox Cathedral was built in 1907 after the completion of the Trans-Siberian Railway in 1903, which connected Vladivostok to northeast China. The Russian No.4 Army Division arrived in this region just after Russia's loss to the Japanese in the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905). St. Sophia Church was built and completed of timber in March, 1907 as part of a plan to reconsolidate the confidence of the army by building an imposing spiritual symbol.

In 1921, Harbin had a population of 300,000, including 100,000 Russians. The church was expanded and renovated from September 23, 1923, when a ceremony was held to celebrate the laying of the cornerstone, to its completion on November 25, 1932, after nine years. The present-day St. Sophia Church was hailed as a monumental work of art and the largest Orthodox church in the Far East.

According to Harbin municipal religious and Daoli district archives, Fotiy Huo Desheng was the ninth rector of St. Sophia Church of Harbin.

Description

The church is located on the corner of Toulong Street (Toulong jie) and Zhaolin Street. It stands at 53.3 meters (175 ft) tall, occupies an area of 721 square meters (0.18 acres), and is the perfect example of Russian Revival architecture. The main structure is laid out like a cross with the main hall topped with a huge green-tipped dome. Under the bright sun, the church and the square area it stands on look quite like Red Square in Moscow.

Closure
Following the establishment of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in mainland China in 1949 by the victorious Communists, who ended all Christian missionary work, treaties were signed between the Soviet and Chinese governments that provided for the turning over of Russian churches to Chinese control. The cathedral was thus closed from the period of the Great Leap Forward (1958–61) through the Cultural Revolution (1966–76).
Although the cathedral's sturdy structure withstood its intended destruction during the Cultural Revolution, its empty hull became a warehouse for a nearby state-run department store, its windows were bricked up and saplings grew from the roof. Prefabricated concrete high-rises boxed the church in on all four sides, coming within yards of its walls, making the cathedral inaccessible and invisible from the street. For decades it remained the invisible center of the city, surrounded by decorative material stalls, an auto body shop, a pen factory, and apartments for city government employees, until the Beijing government designated the cathedral a national cultural heritage site in 1996 as part of a nationwide campaign to protect historical sites.

Restoration of the Cathedral (Old Harbin Nostalgia)
Following its designation in 1996 as a national cultural heritage site (First class Preserved Building), a newspaper article about the "hidden" cathedral prompted donations from locals to restore the church. Local corporations, individual businesses as well as workers from nearby department stores donated money to restore the cathedral and renovate the square. A total of 12,000,000 yuan (approximately $1.5 million US) was eventually gathered and the cathedral regained its visibility in 1997, as the surrounding buildings were torn down.

A new "Harbin Architecture Square" conspicuously highlighted the cathedral with a huge new fountain at its entrance. The European-looking space was assigned a new meaning as the embodiment of culture and art and was re-presented to the public as the proud heritage of the city.

Museum
As of 1997 the cathedral was turned into the Municipal Architecture and Art Museum (Harbin Architectural Art Gallery), showcasing the multi-cultural architectural developments of Harbin throughout the ages. At the official ceremony on September 2, 1997 to celebrate the restoration of Hagia Sophia Cathedral, Mayor Wang Guangdao underlined the cultural and economic benefits expected from the project:

"The restoration of Hagia Sophia Cathedral inspired the people of Harbin, raised the level of our culture, let the whole of China and foreign friends know China, and opened a way for faster economic development."

The restoration was the culmination of the Harbin municipal government's attempt to turn the city's colonial era structures into tourist attractions by restoring and granting them landmark status. The restored structures are said to signify civilization (wenming) and culture (wenhua).

Gallery

See also

 Russian Revival architecture
 Chinese Orthodox Church
 Christianity in China
 Harbin Russians
 Russians in China
 Russian Orthodox Church
Churches in Harbin
 Church of the Intercession in Harbin (Orthodox)
 Harbin Nangang Christian Church (Protestant)
 Sacred Heart Cathedral of Harbin (Roman Catholic)

References

Sources and further reading
 David Wolff. To the Harbin Station: The Liberal Alternative in Russian Manchuria, 1898-1914. Stanford University Press, 1999.
 Yukiko Koga. "The Atmosphere of a Foreign Country": Harbin's Architectural Inheritance. In: Anne M. Cronin, Kevin Hetherington. Consuming the Entrepreneurial City: Image, Memory, Spectacle. Routledge, 2008.
 Saint-Sophia Church . Government of Harbin website.
 "PRESERVED BUILDINGS." Harbin Urban and Rural Planning Bureau.
 "St. Sophia Church." China Spring Tour.

External links
 St Sophia Church of Harbin at Orthodox.cn.
 Saint Sophia Cathedral in Harbin (The Baidu Photo Gallery) (in Chinese)
 Timeline of Orthodoxy in China at OrthodoxWiki.

Chinese Orthodox Church
Eastern Orthodox church buildings in China
Churches in Harbin
Cathedrals in China
Former churches in China
Art museums and galleries in China
Harbin Heritage Sites
Churches completed in 1932
20th-century Eastern Orthodox church buildings
Museums in Heilongjiang
Russian diaspora in China
Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Heilongjiang
20th-century churches in China


Willard Livingstone Beard (; Pinyin: Bì Yìzhī; Foochow Romanized: Bĭ Ék-dĭ; February 5, 1865 – April 15, 1947) was an American missionary serving under the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions in Foochow, China.

Life
Willard Livingstone Beard was born in Huntington, Connecticut on February 5, 1865. He enrolled at Oberlin College in 1887, and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1891. In 1894 he graduated from Hartford Seminary.

In 1894, Beard started missionary work in China. He first began as a missionary for the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions from 1894 to 1904. In 1904, he was released to start a YMCA in Fukien Province (now Fujian), for which he served as general secretary until 1909. In 1910, he returned to the United States, and served as a secretary of the ABCFM in New York City for two years. In 1912, Beard returned to China, and held a position as president of Foochow College until 1927. From 1927 to 1936 he returned to general missionary work in China. And after a brief time home in the United States, Beard served two more years for the ABCFM in Foochow.

At the outbreak of World War II, Beard returned to his hometown, where he remained for the rest of his life. On April 15, 1947, he died of heart attack at the home of his daughter in Jacksonville, Florida.

References
 Oberlin College Archives
 福州基督教青年会追寻

1865 births
1947 deaths
Protestant missionaries in China
Christian missionaries in Fujian
Hartford Seminary alumni
Oberlin College alumni
American expatriates in China
American Protestant missionaries


Donovan Solano Preciado (born December 17, 1987) is a Colombian professional baseball infielder for the Minnesota Twins of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Miami Marlins, New York Yankees, San Francisco Giants and Cincinnati Reds. Solano signed as an international free agent with the St. Louis Cardinals in 2005. He made his MLB debut with the Marlins in 2012.

Professional career
Solano was born and raised in Barranquilla, Colombia.

St. Louis Cardinals

Solano signed as an international free agent with the St. Louis Cardinals in 2005. He spent seven seasons in the Cardinals organization as a backup infielder, but never made it to the major leagues with them. In 2008, he was a mid-season All Star with the Palm Beach Cardinals in the Class A-Advanced Florida State League.

Miami Marlins
In 2012, the Miami Marlins invited Solano to spring training as a non-roster invitee. Solano competed for the reserve infielder role with the Marlins, but the job went to Donnie Murphy and Solano was assigned to the New Orleans Zephyrs of the Class AAA Pacific Coast League. He received his first promotion to MLB by the Marlins on May 20, 2012, becoming the 12th Colombian-born player to reach the major leagues, at 24 years of age. On May 23, 2012, he singled in his first career at-bat.

Solano's first career major league start was on May 26, 2012, against the San Francisco Giants. He went 2-for-4 with two hits and a run batted in. With the trade of Hanley Ramírez to the Los Angeles Dodgers in July 2012, Solano competed with Donnie Murphy and Greg Dobbs for playing time at third base, as Emilio Bonifacio took over second base following the trade that sent Omar Infante to the Detroit Tigers. After Bonifacio injured his knee, Solano took over second while Murphy, Dobbs, and Gil Velazquez competed to be the starting third baseman. Solano finished the season batting .295/.342/.375 in 285 at bats with two home runs, 11 doubles, three triples, 28 RBIs, 21 walks, and seven stolen bases. He was named to the Baseball America Major League All Rookie Team.

The Marlins placed Solano on the disabled list on May 7, 2013, retroactive to May 4. He returned and played in 102 games, batting .249/.305/.316. He batted .316 with runners in scoring position. He was named the Wilson Team Defensive Player of the Year, playing primarily second base.

In 2014, he appeared in 111 games for the Marlins, batting .252/.300/.323. In 2015, his last year with Miami, he appeared in only 55 games, splitting time between shortstop, third base, and second base, with a dismal .189 batting average.

New York Yankees
On January 9, 2016, the New York Yankees signed Solano to a minor league contract. He spent the 2016 season with the Class AAA Scranton/Wilkes-Barre RailRiders, with whom he was a postseason All-Star after batting .319 (eighth in the International League)/.349/.436 with 33 doubles (tied for third in the league), seven home runs, seven sacrifice flies (leading the league), and 67 RBIs (tied for fourth) in 511 at-bats. He was promoted to the major leagues on September 18, following an injury to Starlin Castro, and in 22 at-bats he hit .227/.261/.455. The Yankees outrighted him to Scranton/Wilkes-Barre after the regular season.

He spent the entire 2017 season with Scranton/Wilkes-Barre, hitting .282/.329/.391 with 44 runs, 29 doubles (tied for 9th in the league), four home runs, and 48 RBIs in 373 at bats. He batted .330 with runners in scoring position. Following the season, he played for Tigres del Licey of the Dominican Winter League, hitting .371/.400/.468 in 62 at bats. He elected free agency on November 6, 2017.

Los Angeles Dodgers
On January 19, 2018, the Los Angeles Dodgers signed Solano to a minor league contract. He played in 81 games for the Class AAA Oklahoma City Dodgers of the Pacific Coast League, batting .318./.353/.430 in 314 at-bats.

San Francisco Giants
On December 18, 2018, Solano signed a minor league deal with the San Francisco Giants. With the Class AAA Sacramento River Cats of the Pacific Coast League, in 2019 he batted .322/.392/.437 with two home runs and 16 RBIs in 87 at-bats. With the Giants in 2019, he batted .330/.360/.456 with 27 runs, four home runs, and 23 RBIs in 215 at-bats, and had a line drive rate that led all players in the league with 200 or more at-bats (33.9%), as he played primarily second base while also pinch hitting, playing shortstop, and appearing at third base. In December, he and the Giants agreed to a one-year, $1.375 million contract.

On September 1, 2020, Solano had a career-high 6 RBIs in a 23-5 blowout win over the Colorado Rockies. He ended the 2020 season batting a career-high .326 (5th in the NL)/.365/.463, with a career-high 15 doubles (fourth), three home runs, 29 RBIs, and three sacrifice flies (seventh) in 190 at-bats in 54 games, which won him the National League's second baseman Silver Slugger Award.

In the 2021 regular season, Solano batted .280/.344/.404 with 35 runs, seven home runs, and 31 RBIs in 307 at bats. He primarily played second base, with two games at shortstop. His salary was $3.25 million. Solano became a free agent following the 2021 season.

Cincinnati Reds

On March 16, 2022, Solano signed a one-year, $4.5 million contract with the Cincinnati Reds. In April, Solano received a platelet-rich plasma injection to address lingering pain in his left hamstring, and was placed on the 60-day injured list on May 23. After starting the season on the injured list, he made his first appearance for the Reds on June 22, 2022. Solano appeared in 80 games for Cincinnati, slashing .284/.339/.385 with 4 home runs and 24 RBI.

Minnesota Twins
Solano signed a one-year, major league contract with the Minnesota Twins on February 23, 2023.  He drove in a career high 38 runs for the Twins in 2023, helping them win the American League Central.

International career
He was a member of Team Colombia in the 2017 World Baseball Classic, along with his brother Jhonatan. Solano batted 3-for-14 and Colombia was eliminated in the first round.

Personal life
Solano is a Christian. His brother, Jhonatan Solano, is a catcher who made his debut in 2012 for the Washington Nationals.

See also
List of Major League Baseball players from Colombia

References

External links

1987 births
Living people
Águilas Cibaeñas players
Arizona League Dodgers players
Cincinnati Reds players
Colombian expatriate baseball players in the Dominican Republic
Colombian expatriate baseball players in the United States
Johnson City Cardinals players
Jupiter Hammerheads players
Major League Baseball players from Colombia
Major League Baseball second basemen
Memphis Redbirds players
Miami Marlins players
Minnesota Twins players
New Jersey Cardinals players
New Orleans Zephyrs players
New York Yankees players
Oklahoma City Dodgers players
Palm Beach Cardinals players
Sacramento River Cats players
San Francisco Giants players
Scranton/Wilkes-Barre RailRiders players
Silver Slugger Award winners
Sportspeople from Barranquilla
Springfield Cardinals players
State College Spikes players
Swing of the Quad Cities players
Tigres del Licey players
2017 World Baseball Classic players


Alison Marie Xamon (born 8 June 1969) is an Australian Greens politician who served two separate terms in the Western Australian Legislative Council.

Early life
Xamon was born in Mundaring, Western Australia

Xamon studied law and arts at Murdoch University, where she served as Education Vice President and then Guild President for the Murdoch University Student Guild.

After university, Xamon worked in the union movement for various white- and blue-collar unions, including the Australian Nurses Federation, the State School Teachers' Union of Western Australia, and the Communications, Electricians and Plumbers Union. In her time in the union movement, Alison worked as an Organizer, Industrial Officer, Women's Officer, and Equal Opportunity specialist.

She then went on to work as a lawyer, with an interest in both public interest law and the right for people to access justice. She also sat on numerous boards within the community law and social justice sectors.

From 2007 to 2008 Xamon, was the National Convenor of the Australian Greens.

Political career
She was elected to parliament at the 2008 state election as a Greens member of the Western Australian Legislative Council representing East Metropolitan Region. Xamon introduced six private members bills during her term in parliament.

At the March 2013 Western Australian election, she was not re-elected.

Post-parliament, Xamon worked as an advocate for mental health and suicide prevention. She was elected as the President of the WA Association for Mental Health, the Vice-Chair of Community Mental Health Australia, and the Board of Mental Health Australia.

Xamon was also appointed to the WA Ministerial Council for Suicide Prevention, and as the inaugural Co-Lead of the Department of Health Statewide Mental Health Network.

Xamon was re-elected to the Legislative Council representing the North Metropolitan Region at the 2017 election. Her term began on 22 May 2017. She was defeated in 2021.

In the October 2023 local government elections, Xamon was elected as mayor of the City of Vincent, with 40 percent of the vote. She ran as an Independent Greens candidate, without an official endorsement from her party.

References

1969 births
Living people
Australian Greens members of the Parliament of Western Australia
Members of the Western Australian Legislative Council
Murdoch University alumni
Politicians from Perth, Western Australia
21st-century Australian politicians
21st-century Australian women politicians
Women members of the Western Australian Legislative Council
Mayors of places in Western Australia
Women mayors of places in Perth, Western Australia


1,3-Diaminopropane, also known as , is a simple diamine with the formula H2N(CH2)3NH2. A colourless liquid with a fishy odor, it is soluble in water and many polar organic solvents. It is isomeric with 1,2-diaminopropane.  Both are building blocks in the synthesis of heterocycles, such as those used in textile finishing, and coordination complexes. It is prepared by the amination of acrylonitrile followed by hydrogenation of the resulting aminopropionitrile.

The potassium salt was used in the alkyne zipper reaction.

Known uses of 1,3-diaminopropane are in the synthesis of piroxantrone and losoxantrone.

Safety
1,3-Diaminopropane is toxic on skin exposure with an  of 177 mg kg−1 (dermal, rabbit)

References

Diamines
NMDA receptor antagonists


Joseph Conrad (May 17, 1827 – July 16, 1897) was a Union American Civil War colonel who was nominated and confirmed in 1866 for appointment as a brevet brigadier general of volunteers for his service during the Atlanta Campaign.

Biography
He was born in Wied-Selters, Kingdom of Prussia. He graduated from the Electorate of Hesse military academy in 1848, and was a Prussian Army officer. He emigrated to the United States, where he settled in the state of Missouri.

At the beginning of the American Civil War, he enlisted in the Union Army, and was made captain of a company of the Third Missouri Infantry on April 22, 1861. He was captured at Neosho, Missouri on July 5, 1861 and was exchanged. In September 1861, he was promoted to major of the Fifteenth Missouri Infantry.  He fought in the battles of Wilson's Creek, Carthage, Pea Ridge, Corinth, Perryville, Chickamauga, and Missionary Ridge.

During the Atlanta Campaign, he commanded a brigade of the Army of the Cumberland at the battles of Franklin and Nashville. On January 13, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated Conrad for appointment to the grade of brevet brigadier general of volunteers for his service during the Atlanta Campaign, to rank from March 13, 1865, and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on March 12, 1866. He commanded the sub-district of Victoria in Texas until February 3, 1866, when he was mustered out of the volunteer service.

After the war, Conrad entered the regular army, and was commissioned captain in the 29th Infantry on July 28, 1866, was transferred to the 11th Infantry in April 1869, and served with his regiment until October 23, 1882, when he was retired with the rank of colonel. Joseph Conrad and his wife Minnie S. Conrad (1848–1898) are buried at Arlington National Cemetery.

Notes

References

  Portrait.

External links
 Report by Captain Joseph Conrad to Colonel Franz Sigel

People from the Electorate of Hesse
People of Missouri in the American Civil War
Union Army colonels
1830 births
1897 deaths
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
People from the Kingdom of Prussia
Immigrants to the United States


This is a listing of the people who have taken the office of President of the Senate of Madagascar, also known as Speaker of the Senate. The President of the Senate is the legal successor to President of the Republic in the event of a vacancy in the latter position.

See also
Senate (Madagascar)

References

Politics of Madagascar
Madagscar, Senate

Madagascar politics-related lists


Barry Christopher Knestout (born June 11, 1962) is an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. Knestout has been serving as the 13th bishop of the Diocese of Richmond in Virginia since 2017.

Previously, Knestout served as the priest secretary for Cardinal James Hickey and then-Cardinal Theodore McCarrick.  Knestout also served as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Washington, assisting Cardinal Donald Wuerl.

Biography

Early life
Barry Knestout was born in Cheverly, Maryland, on June 11, 1962, to Thomas and Caroline Knestout. Thomas was a deacon who served as a cryptologist for the National Security Agency and as the director of the Office of the Permanent Diaconate for the Archdiocese of Washington. One of nine children, Barry Knestout has five brothers and three sisters. A younger brother, Mark Knestout, is a priest in the Archdiocese of Washington.

As a child, Barry Knestout lived with his family in Ankara, Turkey, for four years.  On returning to the United States, he attended St. Pius X School and Bowie Senior High School, both in Bowie, Maryland Knestout then studied at the University of Maryland in College Park, Maryland, obtaining a Bachelor of Architecture degree in 1984. In 1985, Knestout entered Mount St. Mary's Seminary in Emmitsburg, Maryland, earning a Master of Divinity degree in 1988 and a Master of Theology degree in moral theology in 1989.

Priesthood
Knestout was ordained to the priesthood for the Archdiocese of Washington by Cardinal James Hickey on June 24, 1989. After his ordination, Knestout served as associate pastor at St. Bartholomew Parish in Bethesda, Maryland until 1993 and at St. Peter Parish in Waldorf, Maryland from 1993 to 1994. Knestout was named priest-secretary to Cardinal Hickey in 1994, serving him until his death in 2004; Knestout also served as priest-secretary for McCarrick from 2003 to 2004.

Knestout was raised by the Vatican to the rank of monsignor in 1999, and served as executive director of the archdiocesan office of youth ministry from 2001 to 2003. He was appointed pastor of St. John the Evangelist Parish in Silver Spring, Maryland in 2004, and archdiocesan secretary for pastoral life and social concerns in 2006. In April 2007, Knestout was named vicar general and moderator of the curia of the archdiocese.

Knestout co-chaired the Papal Visit Planning Committee in 2008, overseeing many preparations for Pope Benedict XVI's 2008 visit to the United States.  In planning the papal visit, Knestout collaborated with his brother, Mark, who was director of the archdiocese Office of Worship at the time.  Barry Knestout ran a contest for architecture students at the Catholic University of America to design the altar and chair for the pope to use when celebrating mass at Nationals Park in Washington, D.C. Knestout later received a Holy Cross Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice for his work on the visit.

Auxiliary Bishop of Washington

On November 18, 2008, Knestout was appointed titular bishop of Leavenworth and an auxiliary bishop for the Archdiocese of Washington by Benedict XVI. He was consecrated on December 29 by Archbishop Donald Wuerl, with Bishops Francisco Valer, and Martin Holley serving as co-consecrators, at the Cathedral of St. Matthew the Apostle in Washington, D.C.. Knestout was the first native of Prince George's County in Maryland to serve as a bishop for the archdiocese.

Bishop of Richmond
On December 5, 2017, Knestout was appointed the 13th bishop of the Diocese of Richmond by Pope Francis. He was installed on January 12, 2018, at the Cathedral of the Sacred Heart in Richmond.

On June 31, 2018, following McCarrick's resignation from the college of cardinals, Knestout denied knowledge of any sexual abuse allegations against McCarrick while serving as his priest-secretary:  My first assignment was in 2001 while still serving as priest-secretary to Cardinal James A. Hickey. I was asked to also assist as priest-secretary to his successor, Cardinal McCarrick for six months. Despite the double assignment during those six months, most of my time was spent with the elderly Cardinal Hickey – with whom I worked for nearly a decade. In 2003, I was assigned to the Chancery for a year as one of two priest-secretaries at the time for Cardinal McCarrick as his appointment scheduler. During that year, Cardinal McCarrick traveled frequently in his work with Catholic Relief Services (CRS) and in his other duties as Cardinal.Knestout released a list in February 2019 of 42 priests from the diocese who were facing credible accusations of sexual abuse of minors. On May 10, 2020, Knestout suspended Mark White, a diocese priest in two parishes, for violation of canon law.  White had been writing a blog that accused Knestout, Pope Francis and the church hierarchy of covering up McCarrick's crimes.  In 2019, Knestout had ordered White to stop writing the blog.  When White resumed it later in 2019, Knestout obtained a trespass order barring him from church properties in the two parishes.  In June 2020, White's petition to the Congregation for Clergy in Rome to remain in his parishes was rejected.

On October 22, 2020, Knestout announced a $6.3 million settlement to 51 people who were sexually abused as children by clergy from the diocese.  He also established the Independent Reconciliation Program to help the healing of the victims.

See also

 Catholic Church hierarchy
 Catholic Church in the United States
 Historical list of the Catholic bishops of the United States
 List of Catholic bishops of the United States
 Lists of patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops

References

External links

 Roman Catholic Diocese of Richmond Official Site

1962 births
Living people
People from Cheverly, Maryland
21st-century American Roman Catholic titular bishops
University of Maryland, College Park alumni
Mount St. Mary's University alumni
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Washington
Roman Catholic bishops of Richmond
Roman Catholic bishops in Washington, D.C.
Religious leaders from Maryland
Catholics from Maryland


US Highway 127 (US 127) is a part of the United States Numbered Highway System that runs from Chattanooga, Tennessee, to the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. In Ohio, the highway runs  from the Ohio River in Cincinnati to the Michigan state line north of West Unity. US 127 runs south to north in Ohio's westernmost counties along the border of Indiana. The highway is a main route connecting many small towns, including eight county seats. The highway was first designated in 1926. Its route ended in downtown Toledo before being realigned to its current route in 1930.

Route description

Hamilton County
US 127 enters Ohio from the Kentucky via the Clay Wade Bailey Bridge, which also carries US 42 and US 25 north across the Ohio River into Cincinnati. Upon entering Ohio, US 25 ends, and US 127/US 42 continues through Downtown east for one block on Third Street, and then north one block on Central Avenue.  At this point, the route becomes a one-way pair, with the northbound route using Fifth Street and Elm Street, and the southbound route using Sixth Street and Plum Street.  Both streets intersect Central Parkway, and US 127 follows the roadway north while US 42 instead heads east on the parkway.

As US 127 continues north, it passes one block west of Washington Park and Findlay Market in Over-the-Rhine and marks the neighborhood's western boundary. Upon passing the eastern end of the Western Hills Viaduct, the roadway closely parallels Interstate 75 (I-75) for nearly .

US 127 then turns onto the Ludlow Viaduct over Mill Creek near the junction of I-75 and I-74; it becomes Hamilton Avenue at its end.  At this point, US 127 becomes a predominantly four-lane surface street. As Hamilton Avenue, US 127 is the major north–south artery and commercial corridor in Cincinnati's Northside and College Hill neighborhoods, and then the inner suburban cities of North College Hill and Mt. Healthy.  There is an interchange with I-275 just before it crosses into Butler County.

Rest of Ohio

US 127 passes through Fairfield then reaches downtown Hamilton. In Hamilton, US 127 widens to a four-lane road just south of downtown before returning to a two-lane road at the northern edge of New Miami. From this point, US 127 roughly parallels Sevenmile Creek until it reaches Eaton.

Approximately  north of Eaton, US 127 intersects I-70 and US 40 (National Road) and proceeds to Greenville. Along this section of the route US 127 is a two-lane rural highway surrounded by farms. Approaching Greenville, the road widens to a four-lane limited access highway, serving as a bypass to the east of the city.

The road returns to a rural two-lane road and continues north to Celina, skirting the western edge of Grand Lake St. Marys and the associated state park. US 127 serves as Main Street in Celina, the county seat of Mercer County. Just north of Celina, the highway intersects US 33, which connects Ft. Wayne, Indiana, with Columbus, and then US 127 continues to Van Wert.

In Van Wert, US 127 is Washington Street and serves as the main road through the city's business district. The Lincoln Highway intersects US 127 one block west of the county courthouse. In the northern part of the city, US 127 has a partial cloverleaf interchange with US 30 and US 224. US 224 joins US 127 and continues north briefly before US 224 turns to the east and US 127 continues due north toward Paulding.

In Paulding, US 127 bends to the northwest to cross Flatrock Creek before reaching the courthouse and turning back to the north on Williams Street. North of the city, and just south of the Maumee River, the highway intersects US 24, a limited-access highway between Toledo, Ohio and Fort Wayne, at a diamond interchange before crossing the river.

US 127 intersects US 6, the Grand Army of the Republic Highway and with State Route 15 (SR 15) becomes Main Street in Bryan. At the northern city limit, SR 15 continues north to the Ohio Turnpike while US 127 begins a northeast route toward West Unity. After passing under the turnpike, US 127 has a brief concurrency with US 20 and then enters Michigan to the north in rural Lenawee County.

History
By 1912, the current US 127 corridor in Ohio existed as a series of inter-county highways running from Cincinnati to Michigan. By 1917, significant sections of the route was paved, especially near the county seats and the section from Eaton to Hamilton. In 1923, state highways were numbered and signed for the first time in Ohio. The current US 127 route was designated SR 9 from Cincinnati to Bryan and SR 108 from Bryan to the Michigan state line.

The United States Numbered Highway System was introduced in 1926. US 127 was designated to run from US 27 in Jackson, Michigan, to downtown Toledo via Monroe Street, and was later designated SR 51. Four years later, the route of US 127 was changed to reach Cincinnati. The original highway was re-numbered US 223. The new route for US 127 would move to its current alignment from along former SR 9 and former SR 108. At this time, SR 9 from Bryan to the Michigan state line became part of SR 15. The route remains mostly unchanged since 1930. US 127 still serves as a main surface street in the towns along its route, which includes eight county seats.

Future
From 2011 to 2015, there had been 45 vehicle accidents, and from 2011 to 2016, three fatalities at the intersection of US 127 and Kruckeberg Road in Greenville Township, Darke County, along Greenville's bypass. After public calls for intersection improvements, the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) offered six options at a public meeting on January 24, 2017. On June 15, 2017, ODOT announced that the intersection would be converted to a (standard) restricted crossing U-turn (RCUT, also known as a superstreet), but termed by ODOT as a "partial RCUT", at a cost of just over $748,000, with construction slated to begin in summer 2019. A superstreet already exists along the SR 4 Bypass in nearby Butler County.

There is a $2.4 million project north of the city of Van Wert to replace the current intersection of US 127, US 224 and Marsh Road (County Road 13) with a roundabout. The project began in January 2022 and is expected to be complete in October.

Major intersections

References

External links

27-1
 Ohio
Transportation in Hamilton County, Ohio
Transportation in Butler County, Ohio
Transportation in Preble County, Ohio
Transportation in Darke County, Ohio
Transportation in Mercer County, Ohio
Transportation in Van Wert County, Ohio
Transportation in Paulding County, Ohio
Transportation in Defiance County, Ohio
Transportation in Williams County, Ohio
Transportation in Fulton County, Ohio


This list includes properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Davidson County, North Carolina. Click the "Map of all coordinates" link to the right to view an online map of all properties and districts with latitude and longitude coordinates in the table below.

Current listings

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See also

National Register of Historic Places listings in North Carolina
List of National Historic Landmarks in North Carolina

References

Davidson County, North Carolina
Davidson County


Eco pickled surface (EPS) is a process applied to hot rolled sheet steel to remove all surface oxides (mill scale) and clean the steel surface. Steel which has undergone the EPS process acquires a high degree of resistance to subsequent development of surface oxide (rust), so long as it does not come into direct contact with moisture. EPS was developed by The Material Works, Ltd., which has filed several patent applications covering the process. It is primarily intended to be a replacement of the acid pickling process wherein steel strip is immersed in solutions of hydrochloric and sulfuric acids to chemically remove oxides.

Overview of the EPS process

The EPS process (see Figure 2) begins with hot rolled strip steel in coil form. This steel pays off of an uncoiler, then passes through a machine which serves the purpose of "scale breaker", "leveler" or both. This machine (see Figure 2) works the material between sets of hardened rollers.  This has the effect of removing the curvature of the strip ("coil set") and breaking loose the outer layers of mill scale which encase the steel strip.

After passing through the "scale breaker/leveler" machine, the steel strip enters the first "EPS slurry blasting cell". Slurry blasting is a wet abrasive blasting process that combines a fine-particle metallic abrasive with a "carrier liquid" (the most common one being water). This abrasive + water slurry mixture is fed into a rotating impeller which propels it at high velocity across the object to be cleaned (see Figure 3).  Slurry blasting is a method for removing rust/scale, for blast cleaning and shot peening.  Cleaning agents can be introduced into the carrier liquid to reduce smut and aid in rust prevention.

An EPS slurry blasting cell is composed of eight of the slurry discharge heads shown in Figure 3 – four for the top surface and four for the bottom surface of the strip. Inside the slurry blasting cell, jets of water cleanse the steel strip of both the abrasive particles and the dislodged mill scale. An EPS production system may use multiple EPS slurry blasting cells arranged in tandem, so the steel strip passes from one cell into the next, then into the next, and so on. Multiple cells increase the exposure of the steel strip to the slurry blast streams, thereby allowing the strip to move faster, yet still achieve the necessary level of scale removal. The strip speed and, therefore, system output increases in rough proportion to the number of EPS slurry blasting cells used.

The strip emerges from the final blasting cell and is dried using high-velocity air blowers. At this point the strip passes beneath a real-time oxide detector camera, which provides feedback to the line control to assure full oxide removal is accomplished.

To conclude the process, the strip may, optionally, have an oil film or lubricant applied, then it is recoiled. Of note is that tension created by the force of the recoiler pulling the strip through the scale breaker/leveler serves to flatten the strip, removing bow, edge wave and minor coil breaks. Also, not shown in Figure 2 is the slurry delivery/recirculation/filtering system.  This closed-loop system collects the carrier liquid, abrasive and removed scale, filters out the removed scale, other contaminants and "undersized" abrasive particles, and returns a cleansed slurry mixture back to the blasting cells.

Characteristics of EPS-processed steel strip
Steel which utilizes the EPS process to remove surface scale shows few differences from steel which utilizes acid pickling to remove surface scale. "Downstream" industrial processes such as galvanizing, cold reducing and painting of EPS-processed steel strip show it to be interchangeable with acid-pickled steel strip. This also holds true for common sheet metal fabrication processes, such as laser cutting, plasma cutting, stamping, welding, bending, and roll forming – no meaningful difference between steel strip using the EPS process and steel strip using acid pickling.

An area where the difference between EPS-processed steel strip and acid-pickled steel strip is apparent is visual appearance. Steel which has undergone EPS processing exhibits a more uniform, lustrous appearance, as shown in Figure 4. In the EPS process, the impact of the abrasive particles on the steel surface serves to "smooth out" minor surface imperfections such as scratches, pits, roll marks and silicone streaks.

Another area of difference between EPS-treated steel strip and acid-pickled steel strip is rust resistance. Conventional acid-pickled steel strip is frequently coated with a thin film of oil to serve as a barrier to contact with oxygen so as to prevent rusting. EPS-processed steel is inherently rust-inhibitive and, therefore, needs no oil or other coating to prevent rusting. Many "downstream" processes and steel fabrication processes must have the steel's oil coating (or other surface contaminants) removed as a precursor step of the process.  Use of EPS-treated steel in these processes precludes the need for any such "oil-stripping" precursor step, thereby simplifying the process.

The rust inhibitive property of EPS-processed strip
The rust resistance of EPS-processed steel strip is superior to that of acid pickled steel strip primarily because acid pickling imposes a corrosion "penalty" on the steel which EPS processing does not. This penalty is a result of chemical reactions that occur after acid pickling and serve as a catalyst for oxidation.  The primary pickling agent is hydrochloric acid (HCl). Although the steel strip is thoroughly rinsed with clean water after immersion in the HCl bath, some residual amount of chlorine (Cl) remains on the surface of the strip. Chlorine reacts very readily with oxygen to form chlorides, so the free Cl acts as something of a "magnet" for oxygen. This mechanism makes acid-pickled steel more prone to picking up oxygen, whereas there is no comparable mechanism at work with EPS mechanical pickling.

In addition to the free Cl, compounds known as "chloride salts" remain on the surface of acid pickled steel in trace amounts, even after rinsing. Chloride salts react rapidly with moisture and accelerate oxidation of iron on the steel's surface. To prevent oxidation of the iron in the acid pickled strip, a thin film of oil is applied to the surface to serve as a barrier between the free Cl, chloride salts and oxygen. No such protective barrier is needed for EPS-processed steel, as no free Cl or chloride salts are present.

However, an additive is used in the EPS slurry blast carrier liquid to reduce the "smut" that would otherwise remain on the surface and dull the appearance of EPS-processed strip. This additive contains a rust inhibitor, a residual amount of which remains on the surface even after rinsing.  It is believed that the presence of the rust inhibitor adds to the overall EPS-processed strip's ability to resist rusting. The additive has been demonstrated to have no impact on paint performance.

The EPS process as a replacement for acid pickling
The EPS process produces scale-free steel strip which is interchangeable with acid-pickled steel strip, yet the EPS process entails lower capital and operating (variable) cost than an acid-pickling line of equivalent output. For this reason the EPS process is considered to be a direct replacement of acid pickling.

In addition, the EPS process is considered less damaging to the environment than acid pickling for these reasons:
 Lower energy consumption;
 No hazardous/acidic substances used in the process;
 No potential exposure to acid fumes for people, equipment or buildings;
 No hazardous or polluting outputs or byproducts of the process with disposal or fume stack liabilities.

Applications
Eco pickled surface technology has been tested and approved for use as a replacement for acid pickled steel by automotive manufacturers General Motors and Chrysler.  The Eco Pickled Surface process was a finalist in the 2013 American Metal Market (AMM) Awards for Steel Excellence.

Notes

References

Corrosion prevention
Metallurgical processes


U.S. Route 62 (US 62) in Kentucky runs for a total of  across 20 counties in western, north-central, and northeastern Kentucky. It enters the state by crossing the Ohio River near Wickliffe, then begins heading eastward at Bardwell, and traversing several cities and towns across the state up to Maysville, where it crosses the Ohio River a second time to enter the state of Ohio.

Route description

Wickliffe to Elizabethtown
US 62 runs concurrently with US 51 for its first  in Ballard and Carlisle counties in the Jackson Purchase region of southwestern Kentucky. US 62 separates from US 51 at Bardwell, where it turns northeastward towards Paducah. It then intersects Interstate 24 (I-24) near Whitehaven, the Kentucky Welcome Center, and it runs concurrently with US 45 and US 60, along with parts of the I-24 Business Loop in downtown Paducah.

After entering Marshall County, US 62 continues eastward to cross I-24 two more times, the second time before traversing Kentucky Dam and into southern Livingston County. The third time US 62 crosses I-24 is near Eddyville during its concurrency with US 641 in Lyon County.

It then intersects I-69 (Western Kentucky Parkway) east of Eddyville before entering Caldwell County. US 62 closely follows the Western Kentucky Parkway (also known to locals as the WK Parkway) through Caldwell, Hopkins, Muhlenberg, Ohio, Grayson, and Hardin counties. The route traverses several towns and cities such as Princeton, Dawson Springs, Nortonville, Greenville, and Central City. In Muhlenberg County from Greenville to Central City, the US Route closely follows the four-lane Kentucky Route 189 (KY 189), which carries through traffic around the city of Powderly while US 62 traverses the urban areas of the three cities. Near Beaver Dam, after the route's US 231 concurrency through that city, US 62 does cross I-165 (formerly the William H. Natcher Parkway), but without access to that freeway. The route continues eastward into Grayson County towards Caneyville, Leitchfield, and Clarkson before reaching Elizabethtown, in Hardin County.

Elizabethtown to Maysville
After reaching Elizabethtown, it has a concurrency with KY 61, crossing exit 94 on I-65, and into Nelson County. US 62 begins to parallel the Bluegrass Parkway, and it does so all the way to Versailles. Beyond Versailles, US 62 turns northeastward to cross I-64 and reaches Georgetown.

US 62 continues on a northeasterly track into the northwesternmost corner of Bourbon County before entering Harrison County. It then traverses towns such as Cynthiana, Oddville, and Mt. Olivet, before reaching the Mason County seat, Maysville. There, it runs concurrently with US 68 Business into downtown Maysville (the main alignment of US 68 was rerouted onto a bypass route), and crosses the Ohio River into Brown County, Ohio, where it meets the main alignment of US 68.

History

Kentucky Route 50

Before US 62 was certified in Kentucky, the route from Bardwell to Lawrenceburg, along with the present-day US 127 between Lawrenceburg and Frankfort (running concurrently with KY 35 at the time), and the original alignment of US 421 between Frankfort and Lexington (mostly now KY 1681), were all signed as Kentucky Route 50 (KY 50). KY 50 ran the entire original alignment from Bardwell to Lawrenceburg until US 62 was certified sometime before 1934. However, the KY 50 designation remained on the present-day alignment of KY 112 in Hopkins County from just east of Dawson Springs to Earlington, since US 62 was routed directly to Nortonville from Dawson Springs. The KY 112 designation in Hopkins County replaced KY 50 sometime around 1936.

Post-1935 reroutings in western Kentucky
In eastern McCracken and into southern Livingston and northern Lyon Counties, US 62 originally followed US 60 east of Paducah to Smithland, where it turned right using present-day alignments of KY 453 and KY 93 to Eddyville. That segment of US 62 was rerouted to its current location before the end of the 1930s.

Until 1963, US 62 followed a route from Kuttawa, into what was the inner part of Eddyville, and followed a due easterly path to Princeton via Saratoga Springs. This original alignment is now parts of Kentucky Routes 93 and KY 293, while US 62 was rerouted onto the former KY 278, where it meets up with US 641, and to provide a proper intersection with the Western Kentucky Parkway west of Princeton.

When I-24's route through Kentucky was completed at some time between 1976 and 1979, US 62's junction with the WK Parkway was closed off as a result of the extension project to extend the WK Parkway to Eddyville to build its western terminus at I-24's exit 42 interchange. The original connector is still in existence as a county-maintained road, with a dead end where the connector connected to the parkway where the Mile Marker 10 toll booth was originally located until 1987.

Northeastern Kentucky
In Harrison County, US 62 previously followed a route east of Cynthiana to start its concurrently with US 68 just south of Blue Lick State Park until it was rerouted to its current course to Maysville prior to 1940.

In the early 2010s, a section of US 62 in western Anderson County was reconstructed to accommodate the new intersection with KY 555, which was extended from its junction with the Bluegrass Parkway in northern Washington County. US 62's junction with KY 248 was also reconstructed.

Major intersections

Memorial names
From the KY 189 junction to the eastern city limits in Central City, US 62 is known as Everly Brothers Boulevard, in honor of the country music duo who were born and raised in the area.

Related routes
Kentucky Route 293
U.S. Route 27 Business (Cynthiana, Kentucky)
U.S. Route 62 Truck (Elizabethtown, Kentucky)
U.S. Route 62 Truck (Lawrenceburg, Kentucky)

See also

References

External links

US 62 at KentuckyRoads.com

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Eva Maria Evdokimova-Gregori (December 1, 1948 – April 3, 2009) was a Bulgarian-American Prima Ballerina Assoluta with the Royal Danish, Berlin Opera Ballets, English National Ballet and guest artist with virtually every major ballet company worldwide.

Early life
Born in Geneva, Switzerland to Evdokim Evdokimov, (1919-2008), a stateless Bulgarian father and an American mother, Thora Mary Hatten (1914-1991). Evdokimova, an American citizen from birth, began her ballet studies as a child in Munich. She later attended the Royal Ballet School in London, where she studied for several years under the direction of Maria Fay. In 1966, she became the first non-Danish dancer to join the Royal Danish Ballet, where she continued her studies under Vera Volkova.

Career
She graduated into the Berlin Opera Ballet in 1969, where she danced her first Giselle in 1971. She was promoted to prima ballerina in 1973, a position she held for 12 years. For many years she was also the leading ballerina of the London Festival Ballet (now English National Ballet), where she was chosen by Rudolf Nureyev to dance the first Princess Aurora in his production of The Sleeping Beauty with the company in 1975.

Throughout her career, she danced with virtually every major international ballet company including the Kirov Ballet, where she was coached by Natalia Dudinskaya, the American Ballet Theatre, and the Paris Opera Ballet. She was frequently paired with Nureyev.  Their partnership lasted over fifteen years and they performed hundreds of times together.

After a performance with the Kirov Ballet she was awarded the title "Prima Ballerina Assoluta." Subsequently, she was billed that way internationally. In addition to her interpretations of the tragic heroines of the Romantic era, namely Giselle and La Sylphide, her repertoire encompassed about 150 roles ranging from classical to contemporary works. The last dance created for her (by choreographer Henning Rübsam) in 2002, prompted New York Times critic Jennifer Dunning to comment, "Both the solo and her performance were celebrations of the kind of artistry that comes only with maturity and experience."

The first American to win any international ballet competition,   Evdokimova won the Varna International Ballet Competition in 1970. She was awarded the charter Ulanova Prize in 2005 for "selfless dedication to the art of dance".

In New York she studied acting at HB Studio.

Later life
Evdokimova later became a dance teacher and ballet mistress at the Boston Ballet and judged numerous international ballet competitions. There are numerous clips of her performances on YouTube although not remastered.

Death
She died on April 3, 2009, aged 60, from complications of cancer in Manhattan, New York, according to her husband, Michael S. Gregori. She is survived by her brother Boris Santini and her husband, Michael S. Gregori, who during 2017 was left homeless after a legal feud with his mother and siblings forced him out of his mother's apartment.

Final resting place
As of 2019, the final resting place of her remains is currently unknown, according to the New York Post

References

Further reading
The Times "Eva Evdokimova: prima ballerina assoluta", April 18, 2009
Dance Magazine, December 2005, interview
Ballet Arts bio.
Oxford Dictionary of Dance entry
People, January 11, 1988, Vol. 29, No. 1
Portrait of an Artist: Eva Evdokimova, Dance Books, London 1982

Prima ballerina assolutas
American ballerinas
American expatriates in Switzerland
American people of Bulgarian descent
Deaths from cancer in New York (state)
People from Geneva
People from Manhattan
1948 births
2009 deaths
20th-century American women
21st-century American women
20th-century American ballet dancers


John Smiley is an American computing author and teacher known for basic programming classes and books.

He is also president of John Smiley & Associates.  Smiley has authored books on Visual Basic, C#, C++ and Java. His first book was published in 1998 by Wrox Publishing (ActivePath). He wrote 3 more books for Wrox before Wrox declared bankruptcy in 2001. In 2002, parts of his book series were picked up by Osborne/McGraw Hill Publishing, Apress Publishing, and Muska and Lipmann (now Course Technologies.) In 2004, when the market for Introductory programming books fizzled, he negotiated and obtained the rights to the books and began self-publishing them through Lulu Press in 2006. Since then, he has self-published his new books under the Smiley Publishing imprint. Many of his books have been translated into major foreign languages.

In addition to his 'Learning to Program' type books, he has written a book on the worldwide Stair Climbing phenomenon.

He teaches classes online, first through e-learning ventures such as ElementK or the now defunct Ziff Davis University (ZDU), and currently through his own Moodle Rooms site.  Notably, he has taught over 100,000 students via online courses.

He has been a professor at Penn State University, the Philadelphia College of Textiles and Science, and Holy Family College.

 Learn to Program With Visual Basic 6 (, Wrox Publishing, 1998)
 Learn to Program With Visual Basic 6 (, Reprinted by Apress Publishing, 2003)
 Learn to Program With Visual Basic 6 Examples (, Wrox Publishing, 1999)
 Learn to Program With Visual Basic 6 Examples (, Reprinted by Course Technology, 2001)
 Learn to Program Databases with Visual Basic 6 Databases (, Wrox Publishing, 1999)
 Learn to Program Databases with Visual Basic 6 Databases (, Reprinted by Course Technology, 2001)
 Learn to Program With Visual Basic 6 Objects (, Wrox Publishing, 1999)
 Learn to Program With Visual Basic 6 Objects (, Reprinted by Course Technology, 2001)
 Learn to Program with Java (, Osborne/McGraw Hill Publishing, 2001)
 Learn to Program with Java (Reprinted by Smiley Publishing, 2006)
 Learn to Program with Java Kindle Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with Java Nook Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with Java SE6 (, Smiley Publishing, 2006)
 Learn to Program with Java SE6 Kindle Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with Java SE6 Nook Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with VB.Net 2002/2003 (, Osborne.McGraw Hill Publishing, 2002)
 Learn to Program with VB.Net 2002/2003 (Reprinted by Smiley Publishing, 2006)
 Learn to Program with C# (, Osborne/McGraw Hill Publishing, 2002)
 Learn to program with C# (Reprinted by Smiley Publishing, 2006)
 Learn to program with C# Kindle Edition (,Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to program with C# Nook Edition (,Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with C++ (, Osborne/McGraw Hill Publishing, 2002)
 Learn to Program with C++ (Reprinted by Smiley Publishing, 2006)
 Learn to Program with C++ Kindle Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with C++ Nook Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with Borland's C++ Batch Compiler (, Smiley Publishing, 2006)
 Learn to Program with Borland's C++ Batch Compiler Kindle Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with Borland's C++ Batch Compiler' Nook Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with JavaScript (Smiley Publishing, 2006)
 Learn to Program with JavaScript Kindle Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with JavaScript Nook Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with VB.Net 2005 Express  (Smiley Publishing, 2007)
 Learn to Program with Visual C# 2005 Express (ISmiley Publishing, 2008)
 Learn to Program with Visual C# 2008 Express (, Smiley Publishing, 2008)
 Learn to Program with Visual C# 2008 Express Kindle Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with Visual C# 2008 Express' Nook Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with VB.Net 2008 Express (, Smiley Publishing, 2008)
 Learn to Program with VB.Net 2008 Express Kindle Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with VB.Net 2008 Express Nook Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with VB.Net 2010 Express (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with VB.Net 2010 Express Kindle Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with VB.Net 2010 Express' Nook Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with Visual C#  2010 Express (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with Visual C#  2010 Express Kindle Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Learn to Program with Visual C#  2010 Express Nook Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Computer Programming for Seniors Using Visual Basic 2010 Express (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Computer Programming for Seniors Using Visual Basic 2010 Express Kindle Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Computer Programming for Seniors Using Visual Basic 2010 Express Nook Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Computer Programming for Seniors Using Visual C# 2010 Express (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Computer Programming for Seniors Using Visual C# 2010 Express Kindle Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 Computer Programming for Seniors Using Visual C# 2010 Express Nook Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2010)
 The Complete Book of Stair Climbing 2012 Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2012)
 The Complete Book of Stair Climbing 2012 Edition Kindle Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2012)
 The Complete Book of Stair Climbing 2012 Edition Nook Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2012)
 My Climb To The Top (of the Bell Atlantic Tower) Kindle Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2012)
 My Climb To The Top (of the Bell Atlantic Tower) Nook Edition (, Smiley Publishing, 2012)

References

External links
 Official web site

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American technology writers
Pennsylvania State University faculty