Joseph Levis (July 20, 1905, in Boston, MA – May 20, 2005) was an American foil fencer. He won nine national fencing championships, and participated in three Olympic Games representing the United States. The Roll of Honor at the US Fencing Hall of Fame (USFA) credits his individual Olympic silver medal in foil (1932) as the finest accomplishment ever by an American fencer and his victory in the 1954 nationals, after a 16-year layoff from competition, as the greatest comeback in the history of American fencing.

Early life
Levis was an Italian-American, born and raised in Boston, Massachusetts, to Albert W. Levis, a painter and sculptor from Florence, Italy, and Rosa M. Finocchietti, daughter of Italian immigrants from Genoa and a prominent activist for the suffragette movement of the 1920s.

As a teenager, he first learned the basics of fencing from his father, who had won several championships in his home country of Italy.  But it was not until Levis joined the fencing team at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1922 that he began to develop the skills that would lead him to greatness. Often during his career, Levis credited US Hall of Fame fencer George C. Calnan, his teammate at MIT, as his greatest influence and most important teacher. Under his tutelage, Levis won the Intercollegiate Fencing Championship in foil in 1926, after placing second the previous year.

National fencing championships

Levis won nine individual National Championships conducted by the Amateur Fencers League of America (AFLA), including National Foil Championships in 1929, 1932, 1933, 1935, 1937, and 1954 and National Outdoor Foil Championships in 1929 and 1933. In addition, he also won the National Three-Weapon Championship in 1929.

Olympic records

Levis participated in three Olympic Games; specifically, the 1928 Amsterdam, 1932 Los Angeles, and 1936 Berlin Olympics. He was captain of the 1936 team.  In the 1932 Los Angeles Olympics, he won the silver medal in Individual Foil, defeating the famously tall (6 foot 7 inch) Giulio Gaudini of Italy in the crucial bout for the silver medal. In that same Olympics, he won the bronze medal in Team Foil alongside his mentor, George C. Calnan.

Coaching career
Levis retired from competition in 1937 and became a fencing instructor for the MIT fencing team.  He was named head coach of the team in 1939 and served in that capacity during two tenures, 1939–43 and 1946–49.  His 1947 team finished undefeated in the regular season and won the Eastern Intercollegiate Team Championship.

The Comeback
In 1949, Levis, desirous of competing seriously once again, applied to the AFLA for reinstatement as amateur (in the sport of fencing, professionals are not allowed to compete). Reinstatement was granted five years later, in 1954. On June 17, 1954, at the age of 48 and 16 years after last competing in a major competition, Levis won his ninth and last AFLA National Championship in the individual foil class.  The accomplishment was hailed by some sportswriters of the era as one of the greatest comebacks in amateur sports history.

Later years
After his final retirement from competitive fencing in 1955, Levis dedicated himself to what he loved most, teaching and developing young fencers, especially, at his alma mater. Until he was in his late eighties, he would spend many hours each week assisting the coaching staff at MIT in the training of its fencers.

He also became very proficient in ballroom dancing, winning with his wife, Yvonne, scores of amateur championships in his age class throughout the United States and Canada. He continued competing in dancing competitions until just a year before his death.

Levis died in his sleep on May 20, 2005, just two months before his 100th birthday.

Miscellaneous

Levis received his civil engineering degree from MIT. He took over ownership of his father's marble-tile-terrazo business in Boston and, over the years, made it into the largest business of its kind in the New England area.

He developed a unique grip for his foil. He would replace the regular foil handle and pommel with a saber handle and pommel, which would be considerably shorter, and use adhesive tape to firmly secure the foil to his wrist. This handle system was known as the "Levis Grip".  Levis attributed his success to the shorter, faster, stronger hand movements that the lighter Levis Grip would provide.

Levis' oldest son, Robert, is also an Olympian fencer, having competed in the 1972 Munich Olympics representing Puerto Rico.

See also
List of USFA Division I National Champions

References

 http://museumofamericanfencing.com/site/index.php?option=com_search&searchword=joseph&searchphrase=exact&ordering=newest
 http://www.abc.net.au/olympics/2008/results/historical/athletes/11722.htm
 http://mitathletics.cstv.com/history/mit-olympians.html
 http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60A15FA355A13738DDDAE0894D0405B828FF1D3
 http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/www/olymp/olympichome.html
 https://web.archive.org/web/20080214113031/http://usfencinghalloffame.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=32&Itemid=52

1905 births
2005 deaths
American male foil fencers
Fencers at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Fencers at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Fencers at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Olympic silver medalists for the United States in fencing
Olympic bronze medalists for the United States in fencing
Sportspeople from Boston
Medalists at the 1932 Summer Olympics
MIT Engineers fencers
MIT Engineers fencing coaches


A variety of sports in Bahrain are popular and widespread. Association football is the most popular sport in the country. Other traditionally-popular sports include basketball, volleyball and handball. Sports such as horse racing, mixed martial arts, cricket and rugby union have gained popularity over the past few decades.

Football

Bahrain has its own top-tier domestic professional football league, the Bahraini Premier League. It features 10 football clubs that play a two-round robin set, with each team playing a total of 18 fixtures. The winners of the domestic championship qualify for the AFC Cup.

The league uses a promotion and relegation system with the Bahraini Classification League, Bahrain's second-tier football league. The season usually starts in September and concludes in May, as in other football leagues. The first season was held in 1952. Although games are played on a home and away basis, almost all games are played at the Bahrain National Stadium.

The bottom placed club is relegated with the team finishing second bottom entering a relegation/promotion playoff match. The most successful club in the league's history is Al-Muharraq SC. The current reigning champion of the 2011-2012 football season is Riffa club.

F1 and Motorsports

Motorsport is one of the most popular sports in Bahrain. Bahrain has a Formula One race-track, the Bahrain International Circuit, which hosted the inaugural Gulf Air Bahrain Grand Prix on 4 April 2004, the first in an Arab country. The race was won by Scuderia Ferrari driver Michael Schumacher. After hosting the third round of the championship in 2005, Bahrain hosted the opening Grand Prix of the 2006 season on 12 March of that year. Both the 2005 and 2006 races were won by Fernando Alonso of Renault. The 2007 event took place on 13, 14 April and 15.

The 2011 edition of the race was cancelled due to civil unrest. However, the 2012 Bahrain Grand Prix went ahead despite concerns of the safety of the teams and the ongoing protests in the country.
Sebastian Vettel won the race. The race's opponents described the decision to hold the race despite ongoing protests and violence as one of the most controversial Grand Prix in the sport's history.

In 2014, the event was held under lights for the first time, making it the second full night race on the F1 calendar after the Singapore Grand Prix (the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix is a day-night race).

The circuit also hosts the annual 8 Hours of Bahrain as part of the FIA World Endurance Championship.

In 2006, Bahrain also hosted its inaugural Australian V8 Supercar event dubbed the "Desert 400". The circuit also features a full-length drag strip where the Bahrain Drag Racing Club has organised invitational events featuring some of Europe's top drag racing teams to try to raise the profile of the sport in the Middle East.

Mixed Martial Arts

 Mixed martial arts is legalized in Bahrain. Bahrain MMA Federation (BMMAF) has been set up under the patronage of Sheikh Khalid bin Hamad Al Khalifa. The development of MMA in the nation is convened through KHK MMA, which owns Brave Combat Federation which is the largest Mixed Martial Arts promotion in the Middle East. Bahrain hosted Amateur World Championships in 2017, 2018, and 2019 in association with International Mixed Martial Arts Federation. Bahrain will be the first Asian and Arab country to host the amateur MMA championship.

Team Bahrain is also the number one ranked MMA team in the world, as well as having the pound-for-pound number one amateur fighter in the world, two-time Super Heavyweight world champion Pasha Kharkhachaev

BRAVE Combat Federation was established on 23 September 2016 by Sheikh Khalid bin Hamad Al Khalifa. The organization based in Bahrain has showcased 70 events to date, in 27 different countries around the world, including five of its shows taking place in the Kingdom itself.

Since its inception, the promotion has been known for empowering the sport throughout the world, mixing local fighters with international stars in all the territories it lands, as well as collaborating with local federations and organizations towards the empowerment of the sport at a local level.

Equestrianism

Equestrian sports are one of the most popular sports in the country. Horse riding is governed by the Bahrain Royal Equestrian and Endurance Federation (BREEF) which was founded in 2003, having replaced the previous governing body, the Bahrain Equestrian Association.  The BREEF is headquartered in the town of Awali, south of the capital Manama. The first ever Endurance racing started on 7 October 2004 with the grand event, of a distance of 120 km, being held on 7 December that year. In 2005, the 'World Championship for Juniors and Young Riders' race was held in Bahrain, attracting international riders and attention.

Bahrain has been a member of the International Equestrian Federation since 1985, a member of the Asian Equestrian Association since 1989 and a member of the Pan-Arab Equestrian Federation since 1990.

The kingdom is home to multiple training stables.

Show jumping
The official sport of show jumping has its origins in Bahrain dating back to 1976. The sport was first played by the modern pentathlon team of the Bahrain Defense Force. In the year 1986, the Safria Team was established for representing the Kingdom of Bahrain in both the military and civil show jumping championships abroad.

Basketball

Bahrain has a professional basketball league, featuring 11 club teams. The top four teams of the league, at the end of the season, move on to the 'Golden Square', where the top seeds play the fourth seeds and the second take on the third in separate best-of-three series. The best-of-five championship series follows.

In addition to the league, a basketball cup, the Zain Bahrain Basketball Cup, is available where the top two teams at the end will then battle for the Cup in a[best-of-three finale. The winner of the  cup will represent Bahrain in the Asian Clubs Basketball Championships.

Both the league and cup is sponsored by Zain.

The overall league champions will be given the chance of representing Bahrain in the Arab Club Basketball Championship, held in the following year.

Cricket

Professional Cricket is governed by the Bahrain Cricket Association.  The sport is largely popular amongst South Asian expatriates in the country.  Bahrain has a national cricket team which first international appearance was at the ACC Trophy in 2004, where they failed to progress beyond the first round. They took part in the tournament again in August 2006, putting in a much better performance to finish in 6th place. Earlier in the year they won the ACC Middle East Cup, beating Afghanistan in the final.

In 2018, franchise based T20 cricket was introduced for the first time in Bahrain. Six teams were featured in the first edition of the event. The teams were SRam MRam Falcons, Kalaam Knight-Riders, Intex Lions, Bahrain Super Giants, Four Square Challengers and Awan Warriors.

Bahrain's debut in the ICC World Cricket League was in 2009 when they won the 2009 Global Division Seven tournament and hence advancing to Division Six. They had another strong tournament in Division Six, coming runners up and gaining back to back promotions in the process. In 2010 they competed in Division Five in Nepal. In November 2009 Bahrain played in the 2009 ACC Twenty20 Cup.  They finished bottom of Group B, losing all five of their matches on the process. In the eleventh placed playoff Bahrain defeated China by 93 runs to finish the tournament in eleventh place.

The country also has its own cricket league, with 48 teams and over 750 cricketers playing in the Bahrain Cricket League.  The league was founded in 1981 under the name "Junior Cricket League" and initially had 4 teams. By 2010, this had risen to 46.

Rugby union

Rugby sevens and full rugby union are played in Bahrain, with the Bahrainis having their own national sevens team. Bahrain's Rugby Football Club was first founded in 1970, as a branch of the local British Club. It has its own rugby league. Bahrain also has its own national sevens rugby team.

Olympics

At the 2012 Olympic Games in London, England, runner Maryam Yusuf Jamal became Bahrain's first Olympic medalist when she won a bronze in the women's 1,500m race. Jamal is the first female athlete from a Persian Gulf nation to win an Olympic medal. Bahrain hosts a variety of Olympic-level sports centers: Northern City Athletics, Durrat Al Bahrain Aquatics, Tree of Life Fencing, Marasi Al Bahrain Beach Volleyball, Bahrain Bay Cycling, Bahrain International Circuit Badminton, and King Fahd Causeway football Stadium. The host cities are: Manama, Muharraq, Isa Town, Riffa, Sitra, King Fahd Causeway (Bahraini Side), Durrat Al Bahrain, and Diyar Al Muharraq  .

References

External links
Bahrain Rugby Football Club


Mont Mégantic (; Abenaki: Namesokanjik) is a monadnock located in Québec, Canada, about  north of the border between Québec and the U.S. states of Maine and New Hampshire.
Mégantic is on the border of the regional county municipalities of Le Granit and Le Haut-Saint-François. Its summit is the highest point of the latter. Many geologists believe that Mont Mégantic is a member of the Monteregian Hills formed by the New England hotspot, as it has the same mechanism and depth of intrusion.

Mont Mégantic stands within the watershed of the Saint Lawrence River, which drains into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. The east side of Mégantic drains into Rivière Victoria, thence into Lac Mégantic, the Chaudière River, and the St. Lawrence. The rest of Mégantic drains into Rivière Au Saumon (Salmon River), thence into the Saint-François River, and the St. Lawrence.

Observatoire du Mont Mégantic (OMM) is located on the mountain's summit, which is the highest point in Québec accessible by road. The mountain is in the middle of the  Parc national du Mont-Mégantic. The annual Tour de Beauce bicycle race is routed over Mont Mégantic.

References

External links

Megantic
Stocks (geology)
Landforms of Estrie
Igneous petrology of Quebec
Canada geography articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Welcome to Holyrood Academy Wiki page.
Holyrood Academy, previously known as Holyrood Community School before September 2010, is a secondary school with academy status in Chard, Somerset, England. From April 2017 to August 2019 it was part of the Vector Learning Trust, a Multi Academy Trust which also included the nearby Axe Valley Academy in Axminster.

In September 2019, both Holyrood and Axe Valley joined the Uffculme Academy Trust.

The school has existed from somewhere around 1910, previously being referred to as "Holyrood Secondary Modern School", "Holyrood Secondary School", "Holyrood Comprehensive School" and "Holyrood Community School".

As of 2019, Holyrood Academy has 1,276 pupils between the ages of 11 and 18, 100 teachers, 23 teaching assistants and 37 support staff.

Students are taught for 25 lessons a week, each is 60 minutes long. In addition, students have a daily tutorial period (20 minutes).

Holyrood Academy also has a sixth form on campus offering BTEC and A level courses to 16-18 year olds.

Notable students
Ben Hamer, English footballer

Matthew Clay - 2006 Commonwealth Games Gold Medallist in Swimming

References

External links

Academies in Somerset
Chard, Somerset
Secondary schools in Somerset


The 1965 NCAA College Division basketball tournament involved 32 schools playing in a single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's NCAA College Division college basketball as a culmination of the 1964–65 NCAA College Division men's basketball season. It was won by the University of Evansville, with Evansville's Jerry Sloan named the Most Outstanding Player for the second consecutive year.

Regional participants

Regionals

Mideast - Akron, Ohio
Location: Memorial Hall Host: Municipal University of Akron

Third Place - Steubenville 94, Randolph–Macon 68

New England - Syracuse, New York
Location: Henninger Athletic Center Host: Le Moyne College

Third Place - Hartwick 70, Le Moyne 68

South Central - Louisville, Kentucky
Location: Knights Hall Host: Bellarmine College

Third Place - Norfolk State 91, Bethune–Cookman 74

East - Reading, Pennsylvania
Location: Bollman Center Host: Albright College

Third Place - Cheyney 52, Albright 51

Midwest - Grand Forks, North Dakota
Location: Hyslop Sports Center Host: University of North Dakota

Third Place - Minnesota–Duluth 86, Colorado State College 58

Pacific Coast - Seattle, Washington
Location: Royal Brougham Pavilion Host: Seattle Pacific University

Third Place - San Francisco State 85, Nevada Southern 78

Great Lakes - Carbondale, Illinois
Location: SIU Arena Host: Southern Illinois University

Third Place - Jackson State 90, Concordia 80

Southwest - Warrensburg, Missouri
Location: CMSU Fieldhouse Host: Central Missouri State University

Third Place - Central Missouri State 105, Doane 52

*denotes each overtime played

National Finals - Evansville, Indiana
Location: Roberts Municipal Stadium Host: Evansville College

Third Place - North Dakota 94, St. Michael's 86

*denotes each overtime played

All-tournament team
 Walt Frazier (Southern Illinois)
 Larry Humes (Evansville)
 George McNeil (Southern Illinois)
 Jerry Sloan (Evansville)
 Richard Tarrant (Saint Michael's)

See also
 1965 NCAA University Division basketball tournament
 1965 NAIA Basketball Tournament

References

Sources
 2010 NCAA Men's Basketball Championship Tournament Records and Statistics: Division II men's basketball Championship
 1965 NCAA College Division Men's Basketball Tournament jonfmorse.com

NCAA Division II men's basketball tournament
Tournament
NCAA College Division basketball tournament
NCAA College Division basketball tournament


KXDL (99.7 FM, "Hot Rod Radio") is a radio station licensed to serve Browerville, Minnesota, United States, with studios located in Long Prairie, Minnesota. The station is owned by Doug Frauenholtz, through licensee D&K Distributors, Inc.

KXDL broadcasts an oldies music format.

The station was assigned the KXDL call sign by the Federal Communications Commission on July 12, 1990.

References

External links
Hot Rod Radio official website

Radio stations in Alexandria, Minnesota
Oldies radio stations in the United States
Radio stations established in 1997
Todd County, Minnesota


Paul Atkinson (born 19 January 1966) is an English former footballer who played on the left-side of midfield. He appeared three times for England Youth in a tournament in 1983, and played another five games the following year. He began his career at Sunderland, and helped the "Black Cats" to the Third Division title in 1987–88. He joined Port Vale for a £20,000 fee in June 1988, but soon became blighted by injury. He was loaned out to Stafford Rangers and Hartlepool United to help to regain his fitness, but was
forced to retire from professional football on medical advice in January 1991.

Career
Atkinson began his career at Sunderland, winning 18 caps for the England youth team between 1982 and 1985. He made his first-team debut at home to Norwich City on 27 August 1983. Alan Durban's side went on to post a 13th-place finish in the First Division in 1983–84. The club suffered relegation in the 1984–85 season under the stewardship of Len Ashurst. Lawrie McMenemy then took charge at Roker Park, but failed to halt the club's decline, as Sunderland finished 18th in the Second Division in 1985–86, before suffering relation in 1986–87 after defeat to Gillingham in the play-offs. New boss Denis Smith then led the club straight back up as champions of the Third Division in 1987–88. Smith claimed Atkinson squandered his natural talents by overeating junk food.

Atkinson signed for John Rudge's Port Vale in June 1988 for a £20,000 fee. He scored a brace on his debut in a 3–1 win over Preston North End at Deepdale on 27 August. An ankle injury blighted his career however, and loan spells with Stafford Rangers (January 1989) and Cyril Knowles's Hartlepool United (March 1990) failed to revitalise his career. He played six games for the "Valiants" in 1988–89, and eleven Fourth Division games in his loan spell at Victoria Park. He was forced to retire from professional football on medical advice in January 1991.

Style of play
Atkinson was a speedy midfielder.

Career statistics
Source:

Honours
Sunderland
Football League Third Division: 1987–88

References

1966 births
Living people
Footballers from Chester-le-Street
English men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Sunderland A.F.C. players
Port Vale F.C. players
Stafford Rangers F.C. players
Hartlepool United F.C. players
Gateshead F.C. players
English Football League players
National League (English football) players


Harald Gram (18 September 1887 – 7 June 1961) was a Norwegian jurist, politician and genealogist. He was secretary general for the Conservative Party of Norway for 22 years, deputy mayor of Aker, member of Parliament from 1928 to 1936, and stipendiary magistrate in Oslo from 1936 to 1957. He was also noted for his work during World War II.

Personal life
Gram was born in Kristiania as the son of former Prime Minister Gregers Winther Wulfsberg Gram (1846–1929) and Antoinette Augusta Brodtkorb (1846–1929). Several of his ancestors on both the maternal and paternal side had been politicians, including Jens Jensen Gram, Gregers Winther Wulfsberg, Bernt Sverdrup Maschmann and Jens Aars. He was also a second cousin of Johan Fredrik and Mads Gram. Harald Gram was married to Ingrid Meyer (née Sønderaall, 1888–1969), fathering the well-known resistance fighter Gregers Gram.

Career
After finishing his education as a jurist, taking the cand.jur. degree in 1911, Gram was engaged as secretary general of the Conservative Party of Norway in 1914, a position he held until 1936. His first post as an elected politician was as a member of Aker municipal council in 1919. From 1925 to 1928 he served as deputy mayor. He then entered national politics, being elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1927, 1930 and 1933, representing Akershus. He was not-elected to Parliament in 1936, instead returning to Aker municipal council. He was also hired as the stipendiary magistrate in Oslo, serving from 1936 to 1957.

Gram was a resistance pioneer during World War II, organising protests against efforts from Vidkun Quisling's Nasjonal Samling to take control over professional organisations. In 1942 he was called to Stockholm to take over Anders Frihagen's duties at the Norwegian Legation there, leading an office responsible for financing the resistance work in Norway. This office, called Idrettskontoret ("The Sports Office"), was responsible for secret transfers of funds to the resistance movement, and the office also established a secret courier and communications service in Norway. The office was later reorganised, and appeared under the new name Sambandskontoret. In 1944, his son was killed by German agents. The acting stipendiary magistrate while Gram was in Sweden was the Nazi Wilhelm Frimann Koren Christie.

After the war, Gram continued in his office position in Oslo. He was also interested in genealogy, and served as editor-in-chief for the magazine Norsk slektshistorisk tidsskrift from 1947 to 1959, and was a board member of the Norwegian Genealogical Society from 1947 to 1957. He was also the editor of Norges Statskalender in 1947 and 1948, as well as co-publishing the yearbook Hvem er Hvem? ("Who's Who?").

Gram was decorated as a Knight of the Order of St. Olav in 1947 and as a Commander of the Danish Order of the Dannebrog.

References

External links
Family genealogy

1887 births
1961 deaths
Conservative Party (Norway) politicians
Members of the Storting
Norwegian jurists
Norwegian resistance members
Norwegian expatriates in Sweden
Politicians from Aker
Commanders of the Order of the Dannebrog


Joseph Bondy, dit Douaire (February 6, 1770 – October 17, 1832) was a merchant and political figure in Quebec. He represented Warwick in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1816 to 1820. His name also appears as Joseph Bondy or Joseph Bondy Douaire.

He was born in Verchères, Quebec, the son of Jean-Baptiste Bondy and Élisabeth Coursolle, and became a merchant at Berthier. He served as a justice of the peace, commissioner responsible for recording the oath of allegiance and commissioner for internal communications in Berthier County. Bondy dit Douaire was married twice: to Marie-Anne Falardeau in 1795 and to Marie-Claire Fauteux in 1813. He was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1820. He died at Berthier at the age of 62.

His daughter Marie-Joséphine-Valérie married Louis-Joseph Moll, who later served in the Quebec assembly.

References

1770 births
1832 deaths
Members of the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada
People from Verchères, Quebec
Canadian justices of the peace


The New Zealand Constitution Amendment (Request and Consent) Act 1947 (New Zealand public act no. 38) and New Zealand Constitution (Amendment) Act 1947 (11 & 12 Geo. 6. c. 4) were two enactments passed by the Parliament of New Zealand and Parliament of the United Kingdom respectively. The Acts contributed to the independence of New Zealand, by granting the Parliament of New Zealand the complete ability to amend the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852, an enactment of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which established the institutions of responsible government in New Zealand.

Background

When the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 was passed, the General Assembly established under the Act was unable to amend or repeal the Act. In 1857 the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed the New Zealand Constitution (Amendment) Act 1857, which allowed the New Zealand General Assembly the ability to amend certain provisions of the Act. This was taken up by the New Provinces Act 1858, and eventually the Abolition of the Provinces Act 1867.

When New Zealand adopted the Statute of Westminster 1931 with the Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1947, the Parliament of New Zealand gained the ability to amend all enactments that were passed for New Zealand by the British Parliament. As the 1857 Act barred the Parliament of New Zealand from amending the sections of the Constitution Act relating to parliament itself, the New Zealand Parliament passed the New Zealand Constitution Amendment (Request and Consent) Act 1947. This was largely due to the desire of the opposition to abolish the New Zealand Legislative Council, the upper house, which was barred by the 1857 Act.

Effect

The New Zealand Constitution Amendment (Request and Consent) Act 1947, requested that the Parliament of the United Kingdom amend the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852, and consented to such changes (as required by the Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1947). This is the only example of the Parliament of New Zealand requesting the Parliament of the United Kingdom to legislate on New Zealand's behalf.

The British Parliament consented to the request by passing the New Zealand Constitution (Amendment) Act 1947. The British Act was granted royal assent on 10 December 1947. The Legislative Council was abolished in 1951.

In the 1980s, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand severed their last remaining constitutional links to the United Kingdom. However, Canada and Australia could not amend their constitutions without British approval. When Canada passed the Constitution Act, 1982, it had to be approved by the British Parliament in the Canada Act 1982. The Australia Act 1986 was also passed by both the Australian and British parliaments. However, the New Zealand Constitution (Amendment) Act 1947 fully allowed New Zealand to amend its own constitution without British approval. Therefore, the New Zealand Parliament could pass the Constitution Act 1986 without the need of approval by the British Parliament.

Repeal

The Acts were repealed as an element of New Zealand law by section 28 of the Constitution Act 1986.

The UK act was repealed as an element of UK law by the Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1989.

See also

 Constitution of New Zealand
 Independence of New Zealand

References

External links
 Text of the New Zealand Constitution Amendment (Request and Consent) Act 1947
 Text of the New Zealand Constitution (Amendment) Act 1947 (UK)
 New Zealand Parliament - New Zealand sovereignty: 1857, 1907, 1947, or 1987?

Constitution of New Zealand
British Empire
History of the Commonwealth of Nations
1947 in New Zealand law
Repealed New Zealand legislation
1947 in international relations
New Zealand–United Kingdom relations
New Zealand and the Commonwealth of Nations
United Kingdom and the Commonwealth of Nations
United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1947
Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom concerning New Zealand


Euna Lee (; born 1972) is a Korean American journalist.
While working for Current TV, Lee and fellow journalist Laura Ling were detained in North Korea after they crossed into the Democratic People's Republic of Korea from the People's Republic of China without a visa. They were found guilty of illegal entry and sentenced to twelve years' hard labor in June 2009. The United States Government protested the sentences, and implemented diplomatic efforts in order to secure the release of both Lee and Ling.  On August 4, 2009, Lee and Ling were pardoned by the North Korean government after a special humanitarian visit by former U.S. President Bill Clinton. She wrote a book on her experiences in North Korea titled The World Is Bigger Now: An American Journalist's Release from Captivity in North Korea ... A Remarkable Story of Faith, Family, and Forgiveness.

Biography

Lee was born and raised in South Korea, and moved to the United States in order to attend Academy of Art University, where she received a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in Film and Broadcasting. She graduated from the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism in 2012. She is married to actor Michael Saldate; they have a daughter, Hana.

On August 4, 2009, Bill Clinton visited North Korea in an attempt to free Lee and fellow journalist Laura Ling. The North Korean government pardoned both Lee and Ling after meeting with Clinton that day. It is also said that the equipment and materials they used for their interviews were left behind in the North Korea, and that information about defectors and human rights activists who helped them in their interviews was obtained by the North Korean authorities, putting them in danger. Human rights activists in South Korea accused Lee and Ling of placing North Korean refugees in danger through their actions.

Awards and honours
In 2011, Lee and Ling received the McGill Medal for Journalistic Courage from the Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication.

Published works

See also
 2009 imprisonment of American journalists by North Korea
 List of foreign nationals detained in North Korea
 Han Park

References

External links

Euna Lee reunite with family
Journalist Euna Lee  at 백지연의 피플Inside

1972 births
Living people
American people of Korean descent
North Korea–United States relations
People from Sacramento County, California
Prisoners and detainees of North Korea
South Korean journalists
South Korean women journalists
Current TV people
American people imprisoned abroad
Recipients of North Korean pardons
Academy of Art University alumni
Date of birth missing (living people)
American women television journalists
Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism alumni


Laura Ling (born December 1, 1976) is an American journalist and writer. She worked for Current TV as a correspondent and vice president of its Vanguard Journalism Unit, which produced the Vanguard TV series.

She was the host and reporter on E! Investigates, a documentary series on the E! Network. In November 2014, Ling joined Discovery Digital Networks as its Director of Development.

In 2009, Ling and fellow journalist Euna Lee were detained in North Korea after they started filming refugees from the country who had crossed the river and entered China. Many of these refugees were women, and once across the border, they were often sold as brides. Ling said that the North Korean guards dragged her across the border. Once in North Korea the two women were tried and convicted. They were pardoned after former U.S. President Bill Clinton flew to North Korea to meet with Kim Jong-il and appeal on their behalf.

Ling and her older sister, Lisa Ling, are daughters of Taiwanese and Chinese immigrants. They grew up in Carmichael and Sacramento, California. Both became journalists and her sister is a special correspondent for The Oprah Winfrey Show, National Geographic Explorer, and CNN.

Early life and education
Laura Ling was born in Carmichael, California. Her mother, Mary Mei-yan (née Wang), is a Taiwanese immigrant from Tainan, Taiwan. She formerly served as the head of the Los Angeles office of the Formosan Association for Public Affairs. Her father, Chung Teh "Douglas" Ling, is a Chinese immigrant from Hong Kong, where he was born in 1937. She has an older sister Lisa Ling, who is now a journalist.

Ling's parents divorced when she was four years old. Following the divorce, she and her sister were raised by their father in Sacramento, California.

Ling attended Del Campo High School in Fair Oaks, California. In 1998, Ling graduated with a communications degree from UCLA. At UCLA Ling served as a student analyst for the Center for Communication Policy. There, she worked on the Violence Assessment Project studying television programs.

Career
She first worked as a correspondent for KCET's SoCal Connected and as a producer at Channel One News. She co-created Breaking it Down, a documentary series on MTV that aired between 1999 and 2001.

Next Ling joined Current TV, where she reported on issues about Cuba, Indonesia, the Philippines, Turkey, the West Bank, and the Amazon River, as well as about shantytowns in Sao Paulo, Brazil, gangs and homeless teens in Los Angeles, and underground churches in China. Prior to her detention, she had reported on the Mexican Drug War.

When Ling was captured and detained, she was undercover, making a documentary about North Korean defectors, who were primarily women. She explored the dangers they faced after crossing the Chinese border at the Tumen River, including forced marriages and trafficking, deportation, and being criminalized.

Ling hosted a one-hour news show on E! Network, entitled E! Investigates, which premiered on December 8, 2010. The show targeted a younger audience and focused on pop culture. Her second show on E! was called Society X with Laura Ling, which aired on October 3, 2013. In addition, Ling hosted a nightly news program on KCET, which focused on local news in Los Angeles. Ling has also worked on projects for Nightline, NBC, PBS, and The WB (now The CW).

In 2015, Ling partnered with The ONE Campaign to make a documentary How Africa is Hacking Its Energy Crisis, which was posted on the Seeker Stories YouTube channel. Ling also created and reported on Rituals with Laura Ling, which was also posted to the Seeker Stories YouTube channel.

2009 detention in North Korea

In the last week of March 2009, North Korea announced that two American journalists were detained and would be indicted and tried for illegally entering the country. On May 3, 2009, it was announced that Ling and Euna Lee were the two who had been detained, after they attempted to film refugees and defectors along the border with China. In June 2009, they were sentenced to 12 years in a labor prison for illegal entry into North Korea, and unspecified hostile acts.

Of the trial, Ling later said,
"I had tried to prepare myself for a lengthy sentence, but really nothing could prepare me for the verdict when I heard the words twelve years...he said, no forgiveness, no appeal...And I was wondering if those words meant that the window of opportunity had closed and my fate was sealed."

One US newspaper called it a show trial. The US government made diplomatic efforts to oppose this sentence before the women were released in August 2009.

Lisa Ling stated that when her sister and Lee left the United States, they never intended to cross into North Korea. She also said that her sister had required medical treatment for an ulcer.

In 2010, Ling co-wrote a memoir with her sister Lisa, Somewhere Inside: One Sister's Captivity in North Korea and the Other's Fight to Bring Her Home.

Diplomatic crisis
Many in both the United States and South Korea have accused Ling and Lee of creating a diplomatic crisis with North Korea during a particularly tense emergency that was already underway between North Korea and the United States. Both Ling and Lee addressed these allegations in their memoirs. Some human rights activists in South Korea have accused Lee and Ling of needlessly placing North Korean refugees in danger by not being more careful with their tapes and notebooks in the event they were apprehended.

In the efforts to negotiate Ling and Lee's release, diplomatic envoys were brought up as an option, and many different envoys were considered including the Governor of New Mexico, Bill Richardson, former US President Jimmy Carter, US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and former US President Bill Clinton. The latter was ultimately accepted as an envoy by the North Korean regime. Ling was pardoned along with Lee, and they returned to the United States following an unannounced visit to North Korea by Bill Clinton on August 4, 2009.

Awards
Ling was named one of Glamour magazine's Women of the Year in 2009. In 2011, Ling received the McGill Medal for Journalistic Courage from the Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication. In 2014, she won an Emmy Award and an Edward R. Murrow Award (Radio Television Digital News Association) for SoCal Connected. In 2012, Ling was inducted into the San Juan Education Foundation Hall of Fame. As the Director of Development and Correspondent for Discovery Digital Networks, Ling won a Gracie Award in 2016.

While she was the vice president of Vanguard, the show won several awards including a Peabody Award, two Emmy nominations, a Prism Award, and an Alfred I. duPont–Columbia University Award.

Personal life
Laura Ling is married to Iain Clayton, a financial analyst. They have a daughter, Li Jefferson Clayton, born on June 3, 2010. She was named after Ling's sister, Lisa, and President Bill Clinton, whose middle name is Jefferson. They have a son, Kai Clayton, born on December 18, 2013.

Published works

See also
List of Americans detained by North Korea
Han Park

References

External links
Laura Ling reunite with family
Laura Ling's reports on Current network
E! Investigates

 How Africa is Hacking its Energy Crisis
 Rituals with Laura Ling

1976 births
American journalists of Chinese descent
21st-century American memoirists
American people imprisoned abroad
American women writers of Chinese descent
American writers of Taiwanese descent
American television reporters and correspondents
Current TV people
Journalists from California
Living people
North Korea–United States relations
Mass media people from Sacramento, California
Prisoners and detainees of North Korea
Recipients of North Korean pardons
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
Writers from California
American women television journalists
American writers of Chinese descent
News & Documentary Emmy Award winners
American women memoirists
21st-century American women writers
American media executives
People from Fair Oaks, California
American women journalists of Asian descent


West Brooklyn is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in  Kings County .

References
 West Brooklyn on Destination Nova Scotia

Communities in Kings County, Nova Scotia


Ivan Junius Barrett (April 4, 1910 – August 16, 1999) was an American author, professor, and historian of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).

Barrett was born in Mendon, Utah.  As a young man he served in the LDS Church's Central States Mission.  He received his bachelor's degree from Utah State University and his master's degree from Brigham Young University.  Barrett was a longtime employee of the Church Educational System filling many positions, including starting the first LDS Seminary in Nevada.

Barrett wrote Heroic Women of Mormondom; Major Lot Smith, Mormon Raider; Trumpet of God; Eph Hanks and Joseph Smith and the Restoration.

Barrett was a religion professor at Brigham Young University for 40 years, from 1953 to 1993.

In the LDS Church, Barrett served as a branch president, bishop, district president (in Israel), stake president and patriarch, among other callings.  He was also president of the Northwestern States Mission of the LDS Church from 1964 to 1966.

Barrett and his wife Minnie were the parents of five daughters.  Barrett died of a heart attack in his Orem home.

Notes

Sources
BYU Magazine letters about Berrett
Obituary, Deseret News, Aug. 18, 1999
Deseret News, Aug. 19, 1999 article on Barrett's death
Report of Barrett's being a speaker at Mendon May Day, 1959

External links
 Open Library entry for Barrett

1910 births
1999 deaths
American Mormon missionaries in the United States
Brigham Young University alumni
Brigham Young University faculty
Church Educational System instructors
Historians of the Latter Day Saint movement
Mission presidents (LDS Church)
Patriarchs (LDS Church)
People from Mendon, Utah
People from Orem, Utah
Utah State University alumni
American leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
20th-century American historians
American male non-fiction writers
Latter Day Saints from Nevada
Latter Day Saints from Utah
20th-century American male writers


Susan Hillmore is an English author and painter living in Gloucestershire.  She studied fine art at the Camberwell School of Art and has exhibited at the Royal Academy.  She has also written two novels:
The Greenhouse (1988) which was shortlisted for the Sunday Express Book of the Year
Malaria (2000)

References

External links
Alex Clark on a prophetic tale of ecological destruction in Susan Hillmore's Malaria from The Guardian

Alumni of Camberwell College of Arts
Living people
People from Gloucestershire
English women novelists
20th-century English novelists
20th-century English women writers
Year of birth missing (living people)


Alexander William Hall (20 June 1838 – 29 April 1919) was an English Conservative politician.

Hall was the son of Henry Hall and his wife Catherine Louisa Hood, daughter of Lord Bridport. He was educated at Exeter College, Oxford. In 1862 he inherited the estate of Barton Abbey Steeple Aston. He was J.P., Deputy Lieutenant and High Sheriff of Oxfordshire in 1867.

Hall was elected Member of Parliament for Oxford in 1874. He lost the seat in 1880, but stood again at a by-election later that year. The election was hard-fought and his candidature enthusiastically supported by A. E. Housman but there were irregularities in the conduct of the election. Hall was unseated and the seat was left vacant until 1885. In 1885 Hall won the seat again and held it until 1892.

Hall married Emma Gertrude Jowett and had several children.

References

External links

1838 births
1919 deaths
Alumni of Exeter College, Oxford
Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
UK MPs 1874–1880
UK MPs 1880–1885
UK MPs 1885–1886
UK MPs 1886–1892
High Sheriffs of Oxfordshire


German submarine U-881 was a Type IXC/40 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The ship was ordered on 2 April 1942, laid down on 7 August 1943, and launched on 4 March 1944. She was commissioned into the Kriegsmarine under the command of Kapitänleutnant Dr. Karl-Heinz Frischke (Crew 36) on 27 May 1944. Initially assigned to the 4th U-boat Flotilla, she was transferred to the 33rd U-boat Flotilla on 1 March 1945.

Design
German Type IXC/40 submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXCs. U-881 had a displacement of  when at the surface and  while submerged. The U-boat had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of  for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of  for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two  propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to .

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of  and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, the boat could operate for  at ; when surfaced, she could travel  at . U-881 was fitted with six  torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one  SK C/32 naval gun, 180 rounds, and a  Flak M42 as well as two twin  C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of forty-eight.

Service history
For her first patrol, U-881 was assigned to operate in US coastal waters with wolfpack Seewolf.
During this operation U-881 was depth charged and sunk by the American destroyer escort  on 6 May 1945 in one of the last actions in American waters of the Atlantic campaign.
She sank at position  with the loss of all 54 men on board.

References

Bibliography

External links

German Type IX submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1944
World War II submarines of Germany
U-boats sunk in 1945
Submarines lost with all hands
U-boats sunk by depth charges
U-boats sunk by US warships
World War II shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean
1944 ships
Ships built in Bremen (state)
Maritime incidents in May 1945


Archidermaptera is an extinct suborder of earwigs in the order Dermaptera. It is one of two extinct suborders of earwigs, and contains two families (Protodiplatyidae and Dermapteridae) known only from Late Triassic to Early Cretaceous fossils. The suborder is classified on the basis of general similarities. The Archidermaptera share with modern earwigs tegmenized forewings, though they lack the distinctive forceps-like cerci of modern earwigs, have external ovipositors, and possess ocelli. The grouping has been suggested to be paraphyletic.

References

Earwigs
Insect suborders
Prehistoric insect taxa


Krzysztof Sikora may refer to:
 Krzysztof Gustaw Sikora (born 1954) - Chairperson of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Regional Assembly (since 2006)
 Krzysztof Ryszard Sikora (born 1959) - Member of Polish Sejm V Term (2005–2007)
Krzysztof Sikora (footballer) from Polonia Słubice


Monsieur Lecoq is a novel by the nineteenth-century French detective fiction writer Émile Gaboriau, whom André Gide referred to as "the father of all current detective fiction". The novel depicts the first case of Monsieur Lecoq, an energetic young policeman who appears in other novels by Gaboriau.

Background
Gaboriau first achieved publishing success with L’Affaire Lerouge, serialised in 1865, which featured the amateur detective, Tabaret, who recurs in his later novels. Gaboriau then went on to publish Le Crime d’Orcival (1867), Le Dossier no. 113 (1867), and Les Esclaves de Paris (1868).

In December 1867, Moïse Millaud and Gaboriau renewed their contract from the previous year, in which Gaboriau had committed to publishing his literary works in Millaud et Compagnie papers.  It was decided to publish a longer work that Gaboriau had started in 1864, which he was now finishing.  It would be entitled Monsieur Lecoq, the name of the policeman that the two preceding series had made famous.  Millaud launched an extensive and shrewd publicity campaign to promote the work.  Around 15 April 1868, walls in Paris and other French towns were covered with large multi-coloured posters, emblazoned with
MONSIEUR LECOQ!
MONSIEUR LECOQ!!
MONSIEUR LECOQ!!!
MONSIEUR LECOQ!!!
written in four diagonal lines.  On 21 April, the same exclamations appeared on the fourth page on many newspapers, which aroused curiosity.  In the Petit Journal of the same date, Timothée Trim feigned ignorance and astonishment, asking "What can this Monsieur Lecoq be?"  On 15 May Millaud finally revealed to the public that Monsieur Lecoq was the title of a long work by Emile Gaboriau that they were going to publish.  He stated that Monsieur Lecoq, who had hitherto made sporadic appearances in Gaboriau's works, was to be the hero of this new story, and considered that they were correct in stating that this new work was of even greater interest than anything that Gaboriau had published. On 24 May newspaper vendors asked for a considerable increase in copies for the day Monsieur Lecoq was published for the first time. Publication started on 27 May and ended on 3 December, with a one-week break between parts one and two between 31 July and 7 August.  The novel was a considerable success.

The novel is split into two parts: I – L’Enquête (The Inquiry), II – L’Honneur du nom (The Honour of the Name).  Binyon observes that this is a common structural characteristic of Gaboriau's novels, which separates the different subjects of each part: "Each novel falls into two-halves: the first begins with the discovery of the crime and narrates the activities of the detective; the second, which usually takes the form of a complicated family history, describes the events leading up to the crime."

Inspiration
Bonnoit highlights the influence of the Mémoires de Vidocq on Gaboriau, the partly fictionalised memoires of a thief who went on to become the head of the Paris police, particularly the influence of Vidocq's art of disguise. Lits observes that Lecoq's name was clearly formed in imitation of Vidocq, and that this was the name of the policeman in Paul Féval's Habits Noirs. Gaboriau's detectives, both Lecoq and Tabaret, solve crimes in a manner that is similar to that of Edgar Allan Poe's detective, Dupin. As Gaboriau admired Poe, it is not surprising that Lecoq and Dupin share many traits, and Murch observes, "they both regard a mysterious puzzle as a challenge to their powers of perception; they reason with mathematical precision and enjoy giving little lectures on  'algebraic analysis' to their associates."

Plot summary
L'enquête

Policemen on patrol in a dangerous area of Paris hear a cry coming from the Poivrière bar and go to investigate.   There is evidence of a struggle.  Two dead men are lying next to the fireplace, another is lying in the middle of the room.  A wounded man, who is certainly the murderer, stands in a doorway.  Gévrol, the inspector, tells him to give himself up, and he protests his innocence, claiming self-defence.  He tries to escape, and when he is caught he cries, "Lost…It is the Prussians who are coming."  The wounded third man blames Jean Lacheneur for leading him to this place, and vows revenge.  He dies shortly afterwards.  Gévrol, judging from the man's attire, concludes that he was a soldier, and the name and number of his regiment are written on the buttons of his great coat.  His young colleague, Monsieur Lecoq, remarks that the man cannot be a soldier because his hair is too long.  Gévrol disagrees.  The inspector thinks that the case is straightforward – a pub brawl that ended in murder, whereas Lecoq thinks that there is more to the affair than meets the eye, and asks the inspector if he can stay behind to investigate further, and chooses an older officer, Père Absinthe, to stay with him.

Lecoq expounds his interpretation of the case to him, stating that the vagabond they had arrested is in fact an upper-class man.  He comments that the criminal's remark about the Prussians was an allusion to the battle of Waterloo, and reasons that he was waiting for accomplices.  He finds footprints in the snow outside the back exit to the bar, revealing the presence of two women, who were helped to escape by an accomplice.

An examination of the body of the supposed soldier leads to the discovery of a note, which reveals that his name was Gustave.  Nothing is found on the bodies of the other two men which gives a clue to their identities.  The judge, Maurice d’Escoval, arrives and commends Lecoq for the meticulousness of his investigation.  After a brief interview with the suspect, the judge leaves suddenly, apparently moved, leaving Lecoq to his own devices.  The suspect later tries to commit suicide in his cell.  Lecoq continues his investigations the next day, following leads on the two women, but when he goes to report to M. d’Escorval he discovers that he has broken his leg and will be replaced by M. Segmuller.  Under interrogation, the suspect maintains that he is an acrobat named Mai, and that he only arrived in Paris on Sunday.  He states that he went for a drink in the Poivrière, was mistaken for a police informant, attacked, and defended himself with the revolver he was carrying.

After making further enquiries, including observing the prisoner from above his cell, fail to produce any information, Lecoq decides to take drastic measures.  He convinces M. Segmuller to allow him to set a trap by letting the prisoner escape, so that he can follow him.  Mai wanders in the streets, followed by Lecoq and Absinthe in disguise, and eventually comes out of a seedy bar with a suspicious-looking man.  In the evening, they stop outside a town house, which belongs to the Duke of Sairmeuse and Mai scales the wall, eluding his followers.  They arrest his accomplice and search the house and its grounds, but the suspect has vanished.

Lecoq goes to amateur detective, Père Tabaret for advice.  Tabaret states that M. d’Escorval's fall and Mai's attempted suicide were not a coincidence, and that the two are enemies.  By his reasoning it appears impossible for Mai to be the Duke of Sairmeuse, therefore Mai and the Duke of Sairmeuse are one and the same.  Through consultation of biographies of the Duke of Sairmeuse and M. d’Escoval's fathers, he reveals the hatred that exists between the royalist Sairmeuses and the Republican Escorvals.  He says that the prisoner tried to kill himself because he thought his identity would be exposed and that this would bring shame on his family name.

L’Honneur du nom

1815.  The Duke of Sairmeuse returns from exile to claim possession of his lands, the majority of which are now in the possession of Lachneur, a bourgeois widower who live with his beautiful daughter, Marie-Anne.  He claims that he had been charged with their guardianship until the return of the Sairmeuses, but the Duke treats him like a servant and accuses him of profiting from them.  In their misfortune, one of their friends, the Baron of Escorval, under police surveillance as a former supporter of the Empire, asks Lacheneur for Marie-Anne's hand in marriage for his son, Maurice, who is in love with and loved by her.  He refuses because he is planning an uprising against the Sairmeuses, and does not want Maurice to get caught up in it.  Maurice becomes involved in the plans to be closer to Marie-Anne, joining Lacheneur's son, Jean, and Chalouineau, who is secretly in love with Marie-Anne.  Stopping at nothing that could help him succeed, Lacheneur is even welcoming to Martial, the marquis de Sairmeuse, who is enamoured with Marie-Anne and hopes to make her his mistress.  His fiancé, Blanche, the daughter of the marquis of Courtomieu, is furious and vows revenge on the woman she wrongly considers as her rival.

The uprising fails and the Baron d’Escorval is arrested as the head of the plot, despite having tried to dissuade the rebels from their course of action.  He is condemned to death, along with Chalouineau, in a trial presided over by the Duke of Sairmeuse.  The baron is saved by Chalouineau, who trades a compromising letter written by the Marquis de Sairmeuse for the chance for the baron to escape.  The Duke and Courtomieu accept, but cut the cord that was to help the baron escape as soon as they get hold of the letter.  The baron is badly wounded but carried away and cared for by the village curate, father Midon.  Chalouineau is executed and leaves all his property to Marie-Anne.

Maurice and Marie-Anne reach Piémont, where a priest marries them in secret. They go to Turin, but Marie-Anne decides to return to France when she learns of her father's arrest and execution.

Maurice, unaware that Martial was not involved in the treachery against his father, writes a letter to him denouncing him.  Martial, outraged by Courtomieu's bad faith, reads the letter at the wedding evening, causing a scandal.  He vows to live apart from his wife.  Marie-Anne takes possession of Chalouineau's house, and conceals the birth of her son, that a Piedmontese peasant takes away to his land in secret.

Blanche, still desiring vengeance against Marie-Anne, gets Chupin to spy on her and slips into her house when she is away and puts poison in a bowl of soup that Marie-Anne drinks on her return.  She dies in agony, but sees Blanche who did not have a chance to escape.  She pardons her on the condition that she takes care of the son she had with Maurice.  Chupin is a witness, but later dies from a stab wound from one of his enemies, but not before revealing Blanche's crime to his oldest son.  Martial vows to avenge Marie-Anne, but no-one suspects that Blanche is the murderer.  They move to Paris and live separately under the same roof.  They soon learn that the Duke is killed when he went out riding on his horse, probably by Jean Lacheneur, who is in hiding.  Chupin's eldest son turns up in Paris and blackmails Blanche.  She fails to find Marie-Anne's son.

Years pass, Maurice's parents die, and he becomes a judge in Paris.  Chupin's eldest son dies, Blanche believes that she is free from the blackmail, but Jean Lacheneur arrives in Paris, aware of who killed his daughter, and decides to exact vengeance on her by using her husband.  He makes Chupin's widow begin the blackmail again, and sends an anonymous letter to the duke to draw attention to her movements.  Martial is stunned when he sees the seedy bar that his wife has been going to, but glimpses the truth when he finds out that it is owned by Chupin's widow.  He finds a compromising letter that Blanche kept and realises that she murdered Marie-Anne.

Martial follows Blanche one night when she goes to the Poivrière to meet Chupin's widow with her chamber maid.  Jean Lacheneur has set a trap, in which he intends to lead Martial and Blanche to a notorious place and provoke a scene in which they will find themselves compromised.  However, the three criminals he enlists in this scheme let greed take over and try to steal Blanche's diamond earrings.  Martial intervenes and has to combat three foes.  He promises Chupin's widow a reward if she keeps quiet.  The women manage to escape.  This takes the reader to the beginning of the affair.

Having found out that Blanche has committed suicide and that M. d’Escorval has been reunited with his son, Lecoq decides to confront the Duke of Sairmeuse, having put together all the pieces of the mystery.  One day a red-haired man goes to the Duke's house and gives him an urgent letter from M. d’Escorval, asking him, as a gesture of his gratitude for not revealing his identity, to lend him a large sum of money that he needs.  Martial replies with a letter that tells him that his fortune and his life belong to his old enemy, whose generosity have saved him from dishonour.  He hands this back to the messenger, who drops his beard and wig: it is Lecoq, who had forged M. d’Escorval's handwriting. The case against the Duke is dismissed, his innocence having been proven, and Lecoq is appointed in the post that he sought.

Themes and characteristics
One of the salient features of detective fiction that is prominent in Monsieur Lecoq is the art of disguise.  It is the mark of a good detective, and Lecoq is a master of disguise. Gaboriau also establishes a contrast that was to characterise later detective fiction: the distinction between policemen and amateur detectives.  Lecoq has a passion for detection, but he is preoccupied with professional success, while Tabaret carries out detective work without remuneration for the satisfaction and pleasure it provides him. Gaboriau's detectives differ from other detectives in their fallibility.  Bonnoit stresses that while they are geniuses of detection, they are not supermen like Dupin or Sherlock Holmes. Goulet highlights the prominence of logical reasoning in Gaboriau, which is a feature of the writing of most detective fiction authors. Gunning considers that Lecoq is the first instance of a detective meticulously scouring a crime scene. He also states that Gaboriau, with Lecoq, 'introduces detailed visual scrutiny to the genre,’ eliciting an account of past events from inanimate objects.  Lecoq does not merely look at objects, he reads them. The novel also introduces elements of detection as science, which was later pursued by Sherlock Holmes.  Lecoq compares the work of a detective to that of a naturalist, and resolves to observe Mai as minutely as a naturalist examines an insect under a microscope.

Influence
Gaboriau influenced later detective fiction writers, notably Conan Doyle, who acknowledged his debt to Gaboriau. Conan Doyle wrote, 'Gaboriau had rather attracted me by the neat dovetailing of his plots, and Poe’s masterful detective, M. Dupin, had from boyhood been one of my heroes.  But could I bring an addition of my own?’ Conan Doyle also uses Gaboriau's two-part structure for two of the four longer Sherlock Holmes stories. Holmes's skill in the art of disguise is equal to that of Lecoq. Liebow observes that there is a startling similarity between Holmes and Lecoq's speech, conduct, and meditations. However, Holmes denigrates Lecoq in A Study in Scarlet, dismissing him as a 'miserable bungler.' Gaboriau was also an influence on John Russell Coryell, who read his works.  His detective, Nick Carter, follows in Lecoq and Tabaret's footsteps.

Adaptations
There have been two film adaptations of Monsieur Lecoq: a 1914 French film, and a 1915 American film.

References

Notes

External links

French Crime Fiction overview
Monsieur Lecoq Petit Journal Illustrations

1868 French novels
French crime novels
French detective novels
Novels first published in serial form
Works originally published in French newspapers
French novels adapted into films


Robert Blake School, formerly Robert Blake Science College, is a mixed secondary school in Bridgwater, Somerset, England.

The school, which was established in 1956, has specialist Science College status, has 719 students between the ages of 11 and 16.

The school is named after Robert Blake (1599 — 17 August 1657), one of the most important military commanders of the Commonwealth of England, and one of the most famous English admirals of the 17th century, who was born in Bridgwater.

Bridgwater was selected as the first town in the South West level to be selected for the UK governments Building Schools for the Future initiative, which aimed to rebuild and renew nearly every secondary school in England. Within Bridgwater, Building Schools for the Future was to develop all of the 4 secondary schools along with 2 special provision schools, Elmwood School and Penrose School at an expected cost of around £100 Million. This included the complete relocation and rebuilding of a new school combining both the Haygrove and Penrose Schools.

In July 2010 several components of the scheme for Bridgwater schools were cancelled and others were still under discussion.

References

External links

Secondary schools in Somerset
Bridgwater
Foundation schools in Somerset
Educational institutions established in 1956
1956 establishments in England


Joggin Bridge is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in The Municipality of the District of Digby in Digby County.

References
Joggin Bridge on Destination Nova Scotia

Communities in Digby County, Nova Scotia
General Service Areas in Nova Scotia


Maximos II Hakim, was Patriarch of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church from 1760 to 1761.

Life
Maximos Hakim was born in Aleppo circa 1689 and entered in the religious order of the Basilian Chouerites, of which he became general superior on 29 November 1729. In 1732 he was elected by the clergy and laity as the metropolitan bishop of Aleppo for both the Melkite Catholic and Melkite Orthodox parties. He was consecrated bishop by the former bishop of Aleppo, Gerosimos, one of the founder of the Basilian Chouerite Order. This situation could not last long and when in 1750 the Patriarchate of Constantinople appointed a new Orthodox bishop, also in Aleppo the hierarchy was definitely split, with Maximos who remained the bishop for only the Melkite Catholics. Due to this situation he had to live for long times in the safe motherhouse of his order in Lebanon.

In 1759 patriarch Cyril VI Tanas appointed as successor his nephew Athanasius Jawhar and died shortly later in January 1760. Although Athanasius' election was supported by the bishops of the Basilian Salvatorian Order (both Cyril VI and Athanasius were Salvatorians), the Basilian Chouerite bishops contested such election pointing out that Athanasius was not in the legal age to be appointed bishop. Rome, unaware that appointing a nephew was a common use in the Melkite Church before the union with Rome, did not confirm Athanasius' election and on 1 August 1760 appointed Maximos Hakim as Patriarch.

The Apostolic Legate Dominique Lanza arrived in Lebanon to carry the news only in June 1761, and on 23 July 1761 he summoned a synod of the Melkite bishops to formalize the election of Maximos II Hakim, who was already ill. Maximos II Hakim died shortly later on 15 November 1761.

Notes

Syrian Melkite Greek Catholics
Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarchs of Antioch
1761 deaths
Eastern Catholic monks
Religious leaders from Aleppo
Year of birth unknown


Landsborough was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Queensland from 1950 to 1992. The district was based on the Sunshine Coast.

Landsborough was first created for the 1950 state election out of the districts of Murrumba and Stanley, the latter of which was abolished. The district was won by then Country Party leader Frank Nicklin, hitherto the member for Murrumba. Nicklin went on to serve as Premier of Queensland from 1957 to 1968. He retired at the 1972 state election and was succeeded by fellow Country Party candidate Mike Ahern. Ahern would also go on to become Queensland Premier from 1987 to 1989.

Ahern retired in 1990, triggering a by-election that was won by Liberal Party candidate Joan Sheldon. Like her two predecessors, Sheldon became leader of her party, assuming the role in 1991. Landsborough was abolished at the 1992 state election, and was divided between the new districts of Caloundra and Mooloolah, with parts also added to the existing district of Nicklin. Sheldon became the member for Caloundra and served as Deputy Premier from 1996 to 1998.

Members for Landsborough

Election results

See also
 Electoral districts of Queensland
 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly by year
 :Category:Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly by name

References

Former electoral districts of Queensland
Constituencies established in 1950
Constituencies disestablished in 1992
1950 establishments in Australia
1992 disestablishments in Australia


The Rainy River is a short river that enters the Thornbrough Channel at Port Mellon, British Columbia, Canada.  While it does come close to doing so, it never enters Tetrahedron Provincial Park.

Course
The Rainy River originates in a small unnamed lake just north of Tetrahedron Peak.  The river, shortly after exiting the lake, likely drops over a fairly tall waterfall as it drops down a headwall.  The river flows southeast for about 3.6 km before turning south and flowing that way for about 9.8 km to its mouth at Port Mellon.  The river does not receive any major tributaries.

See also
List of British Columbia rivers

References

Rivers of the Pacific Ranges


The Baylor Bears women's basketball team represents Baylor University in Waco, Texas, in NCAA Division I women's basketball competition. They currently compete in the Big 12 Conference. The team plays its home games in Ferrell Center. Before the 2021–22 season, the team had been known as the "Lady Bears", but on September 3, 2021, the school officially announced that women's basketball had dropped "Lady" from its nickname. At the same time, soccer and volleyball, the other two Baylor women's teams that were still using "Lady" in their nicknames, also abandoned that usage.

The then-Lady Bears went undefeated at 40–0 to become the 2012 NCAA Division I National Champions in Women's College Basketball.

History

Olga Fallen years (1974–1979)
Olga joined the faculty of Baylor University in 1956 and served as an assistant professor of physical education through 1997. She developed Baylor's women's athletic program from its beginning within the physical education department in 1959 and from 1972 to 1979, served as the coordinator of women's athletics. She was inducted into the Baylor Athletic Hall of Fame in 1999. Under her coaching the softball team, advanced to the AIAW regional tournament in 1978 and 1979. The Bearette basketball team posted a five-year record of 143–50 and earned two consecutive bids to the national AIAW tournament in 1976 and 1977, rated fifth and seventh in the nation those years.

Pam Bowers years (1979–1994)

Sonja Hogg years (1994–2000)

Source:

Kim Mulkey years (2000–2021)
In 2000, Kim Mulkey took over a Baylor program that had finished the 1999–2000 season 7–20 and last in the Big 12 Conference. In her first season at Baylor, she turned the Lady Bears program around, leading the team to its first NCAA tournament bid. The Lady Bears have now (as of 2019) put together 19 consecutive 20-win seasons and only once has the team lost more than 10 games in a season. The rise of the Baylor program under Mulkey was capped off in 2005 with a national title. This made her the fourth person to have won NCAA Division I basketball titles as a player and a head coach (after Joe B. Hall, Bob Knight and Dean Smith) and the first woman to do so.  The Lady Bears also captured the 2012 title with an undefeated season and the 2019 title. Mulkey departed the program for LSU in 2021.

Source:

Nicki Collen era (2021–present)
Nicki Collen, previously 2018 WNBA Coach of the Year WNBA's Atlanta Dream, replaced Mulkey as head coach after the latter's departure for LSU.

National Championships

Conference Championships

Conference honors and awards
Southwest Conference Player of the Year
Mary Lowry (1993–94)
Big 12 Coach of the Year
Kim Mulkey (2005, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2018, 2019)
Big 12 Player of the Year
Sophia Young (2005)
Brittney Griner (2011, 2012, 2013)
Odyssey Sims (2014)
Nina Davis (2015)
Kalani Brown (2018)
NaLyssa Smith (2021, 2022)
Big 12 Freshman of the Year
Brittney Griner (2010)
Odyssey Sims (2011)
Nina Davis (2014)
Big 12 Newcomer of the Year
Nicole Palmer (1997)
Sheila Lambert (2001)
Bernice Mosby (2007)
Destiny Williams (2011)
Alexis Jones (2016)
Te'a Cooper (2020)
DiJonai Carrington (2021)
Jordan Lewis (2022)
Big 12 Defensive Player of the Year
Abiola Wabara (2006)
Brittney Griner (2010, 2011, 2012, 2013)
Odyssey Sims (2014)
Lauren Cox (2018, 2019)
DiDi Richards (2020)
Big 12 Sixth Woman Award
Melissa Jones (2009)
Destiny Williams (2013)
Khadijiah Cave (2015)
Lauren Cox (2017)
Queen Egbo (2020)
DiJonai Carrington (2021)
Big 12 Tournament Most Outstanding Player
Sophia Young (2005)
Jessica Morrow (2009)
Brittney Griner (2011, 2012, 2013)
Nina Davis (2014, 2015)
Alexis Jones (2016)
Kalani Brown (2018, 2019)
NaLyssa Smith (2021)

National honors and awards

USBWA National Freshman of the Year
Brittney Griner – 2009–10
Odyssey Sims – 2010–11

Elite 90 Award
Lindsay Palmer – 2010, 2012

Wade Trophy
Brittney Griner – 2011–12, 2012–13
Odyssey Sims – 2013–14
 NaLyssa Smith – 2020–21

Naismith College Player of the Year
Brittney Griner – 2011–12, 2012–13

Frances Pomeroy Naismith Award
Sheila Lambert – 2001–02
Odyssey Sims – 2013–14

WBCA Defensive Player of the Year
Brittney Griner – 2010–11, 2011–12
DiDi Richards – 2019–20

NCAA basketball tournament Most Outstanding Player
Sophia Young – 2005
Brittney Griner – 2012
Chloe Jackson – 2019

Nancy Lieberman Award – Nation's top collegiate point guard
Odyssey Sims – 2013–14

Naismith Defensive Player of the Year Award
DiDi Richards – 2019–20

Facilities

Ferrell Center

The Ferrell Center is an arena in Waco, Texas. It was built in 1988 and is located adjacent to the Brazos River. When the Lady Bears play, the arena can hold 10,350.

All-time series records against current & former Big 12 members
As of Fall 2021

ALL-TIME BIG 12 WINS (REGULAR SEASON) AS OF 2018–2019

289 – Baylor (.753),

240 – Oklahoma (.625),

232 – Texas (.604),

221 – Iowa State (.576),

192 – Kansas State (.500),

182 – Texas Tech (.474),

152 – Oklahoma State (.396),

126 – Kansas (.328),

71 – West Virginia (.563),

50 – TCU (.397)

Year by year results

Conference tournament winners noted with # Source

|-style="background: #ffffdd;"
| colspan=8 align="center" | Southwest Conference

|-style="background: #ffffdd;"
| colspan=8 align="center" | Big 12 Conference

Postseason results

NCAA Division I
The Bears have appeared in 19 tournaments, with a record of 53–17.

AIAW Division I
The Lady Bears made two appearances in the AIAW National Division I basketball tournament, with a combined record of 5–3.

References

External links


"Waging War" is the first single from CeCe Winans's 2008 album Thy Kingdom Come. The song was released on March 4, 2008 and was written by CeCe Winans, Christopher Capehart, and Crannon Tunie. The song was also featured on the first disc of the 2010 compilation album WOW Gospel 2010

Awards

"Waging War" received a Grammy Award nomination for "Best Gospel Performance" at the 51st Grammy Awards of 2009 and a Dove Award nomination for Contemporary Gospel Recorded Song of the Year at the 40th GMA Dove Awards.

References

2008 singles
2008 songs
CeCe Winans songs


Studcast concrete, also called "pre-framed concrete", combines relatively thin concrete layers with cold formed steel framing to create hybrid panels; the result is a panelized system usable for cladding, curtain walls, shaft walls, and load-bearing exterior and interior walls. Studcast panels install in the same manner as prefabricated steel stud panels. The technology is applicable for both factory prefabrication and site-cast (tilt-up) wall construction on almost all types of buildings, including multifamily housing, schools, industrial, commercial and institutional structures.

History

Studcast walls are prefabricated, ready-to-erect, high-performance concrete walls that weigh half as much as standard concrete walls. A hybrid between architectural precast concrete and panelized light-gage cold-formed steel framing, studcast walls combine the best features of each material in a way nullifies each material's weaknesses. They have been widely used as an exterior and interior wall system for over a decade.

Studcast concrete was developed by combining the best aspects of two familiar technologies: the durability, fast erection, and architectural versatility of precast concrete and the light weight and high strength of panelized cold-formed steel stud framing.  Both materials are widely available and relatively affordable; the benefit of studcast lies in joining them in a complementary and affordable manner that eliminates each of their disadvantages.

Studcast is a hybrid precast wall system that is lightweight, sustainable, fast-erecting, and compatible with a wide range of designs and architectural finishes. These composite walls can be made with as little as two inches of concrete thickness, as compared to six-to-ten inches for the typical precast panel.  Utilizing lightweight aggregate, walls can weigh as little as 18 pounds/square foot (psf).  For reference, a six-inch panel of ordinary precast concrete weighs about 70 psf.

The strength-to-weight ratio is high.  The precast units can support their own weight and be lifted off the casting tables only 24 hours after casting, making cycle-time short and efficient.  Large panel sizes are practical to cast and light enough to handle with lighter equipment, resulting in fewer panels to erect and fewer panel joints to seal.

Double-sided studcast walls were awarded the Hospitality Design and ASID Earth Minded Award for a product in 2009. They were cited for their role in sustainable hospitality design.

Benefits & Sustainability

Both the material and process fit within the principles of sustainable construction.

A studcast wall is both frame and skin.  It can be dropped into place and bolted down, framing and enclosing the structure in a single step.  This creates time and material savings that can potentially substantially reduce construction costs and time. This is also an environmental benefit, as reducing construction time reduces energy consumption of construction equipment and the impact of workers on the site.

It has a built-in cavity for insulating materials and utilities.  It needs no additional furring to receive interior finishes.

Because studcast is made of concrete and steel, it does not support mold growth or pest infestation.  It is also highly resistant to moisture infiltration, freeze/thaw, and condensation. It releases no volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

The automated roll forming system produces components to the exact length needed so there is minimal waste.

Recycled material can be incorporated into studcast. Recycled steel can be used as raw material for the studs.  The concrete can contain recycled aggregate and be made from locally extracted materials. Some manufacturers have 25% or more recycled content.

Because each square foot of wall weighs so little, transportation-related energy consumption and pollution are kept to a minimum, as is shipping cost.  At the job site, walls can be handled with light equipment.  For a low-rise structure - for instance a school or commercial building - a fork lift is all that is needed to erect a wall.

The low mass of the wall requires smaller foundations.  This is a two-fold environmental benefit: first for the reduction in consumption and transportation of raw materials in general; second for the reduced consumption specifically of portland cement, whose production emits large quantities of carbon dioxide (), a greenhouse gas.

Low mass walls have an additional benefit in high seismic activity zones, where they translate into less force shaking the structure during earthquake events.

Applications

Studcast has both architectural and structural applications. It has been used in hospitality design, military construction, retail, commercial, industrial, and residential design.

Specific applications include:
 Free-standing temporary or permanent concrete walls
 Cladding
 Structural interior or exterior walls
 Curtainwall

Appearance

The versatility of architectural precast is well established and continually expanding due to the creativity of designers and innovation of precasters.  The heavy weight of concrete panels remains a limiting factor, however.  That entire gamut of aesthetic possibilities applies to studcast, in a package that can weigh only 20% of a typical precast panel.

The fine texture of the concrete makes it well suited to architectural finishes.  It is also compatible with integral color.  Form liners can be used to mold a variety of textures into the wall surface.  These might include simulated masonry or stone textures, even carvings or decorative patterns.  Architectural veneers such as thin brick or thin genuine stone are also options.  Innovative materials such as crushed glass could also be cast into the surface.

The material is also suitable for decorative operations after casting.  Carving, rasping, and gouging with hand-tools can create textures or contouring.  Routed lines and grooves, reveals, digital cutting, and other power-tool working are also possible.

Production

Studcast is typically prefabricated for improved efficiency and quality control. The designer's CAD drawings are converted into computer instructions for a machine that transforms a coil of flat steel into precisely-cut and shaped studs and rails.  Every bend and perforation needed to assemble the steel is also performed.

Workers assemble the cut pieces into panels using simple tools; no specialized clamps or jigs are required.  The panels are accurate to within 1/32 inch over .

Lightweight concrete slurry is pumped into the panel until the steel frame is partially embedded.  Various methods are used to create composite action between steel and concrete, and add sheer resistance and impact resistance.

See also
 Precast concrete
 Tilt up
 Steel framing
 Sustainable design

References

 Prawdzik, Christopher. "Quick Concrete". Design-Build DATELINE Sept. 2008.

External links
 Ecolite Concrete USA
 SlenderWall Architectural Precast Concrete and Steel Stud Building Panels
 Metal Stud Crete

Concrete


Bulldog Tools is a British manufacturer of gardening and agricultural tools based in Wigan, Greater Manchester, England. The company was founded by William & Henry Parkes, and established in 1780 at the Clarington Forge site in Ince in Makerfield, near Wigan, then in Lancashire. Bulldog Tools is one of the oldest businesses still existing in the Wigan area today, still producing products on the same factory site as originally intended. Bulldog spades were deployed by the British during WW1 to dig trenches and are still issued in the British military today. Today it is owned by the Rollins Group based in Harlow in Essex who acquired Bulldog Tools in 2004.

Garden tools
Tools produced at the factory include spades, shovels, forks, rakes, hoes and various gardening hand tools. These products are made for agricultural and domestic use. The spade and fork heads are solid forged using a single piece of steel and were up until recently made using carbon steel, today a boron steel compound is preferred. The company is one of the last remaining manufacturers of traditional solid forged garden tools in the UK.

The world's largest spade
In 2010, as part of its 230th anniversary celebrations, Bulldog Tools manufactured the world's largest spade at its forge in Wigan. The spade is 3.61 metres high, weighs 180 kg and took 160 hours to make. It held the Guinness World Record until 17 July 2014.

References

External links
 Bulldog Tools website
 Bulldog Tools USA website

Garden tool manufacturers
Companies based in Wigan
Manufacturing companies of the United Kingdom
English brands


Madame Anna Ben-Yusuf was a German milliner and teacher based in Boston and New York City. She wrote The Art of Millinery (1909), one of the first reference books on millinery technique. She was the mother of the portrait photographer Zaida Ben-Yusuf.

Early life
Born Anna Kind in Berlin in around 1845, she married an Algerian man, Mustapha Moussa Ben Youseph Nathan, who lived in Hammersmith, London. They had four daughters - Esther Zeghdda Ben Youseph Nathan, better known as Zaida (1869-1933), Heidi (c.1873-1915), Leila (c.1877-1967) and Pearl (c.1878-1940), before the marriage fell apart. Anna and her daughters moved to Ramsgate, England, where she supported her family by working as a governess. Her ex-husband remained in London, occasionally giving lectures on Arab culture for the Moslem Mission Society. In 1891, he and his second wife Henrietta Crane, had a daughter, also called Zaida (1891-1967) and a son, Mussa, who died in infancy in 1893.

Career
During the late 1880s, Anna Ben-Yusuf emigrated to the United States, where by 1891, she had established a milliner's shop on Washington Street in Boston. Her eldest daughter Zaida also emigrated to the US in 1895, setting up a milliner's at 251 Fifth Avenue, New York City before becoming a successful portrait photographer. Zaida published occasional articles on millinery for Harpers Bazaar and the Ladies Home Journal.

From September 1905 to June 1907, Anna Ben-Yusuf was an instructor in millinery at the Pratt Institute in Brooklyn, New York.  She resigned in 1907 to set up a school of her own on West 23rd Street.

Her book, The Art of Millinery: Practical Lessons for the Artiste and the Amateur was published in 1909. It was one of the first reference books for teaching the art of hat-making in all its aspects, and remains a useful resource for leading contemporary milliners such as Stephen Jones. It was formatted as a series of lessons, each dealing with a particular aspect of constructing a hat, treating the fabric, or creating different types of trimming. On a more practical note, it also advised on correct storage, renovating fabrics, and the business side of millinery, and included a glossary of terms used in millinery. In 1992, a revised edition was reprinted as Edwardian Hats: The Art of Millinery.

Books

 1909 — The Art of Millinery
 1992 — Edwardian Hats: The Art of Millinery

Death
Anna Ben-Yusuf died in New York on 8 December 1909.

References

1840s births
1909 deaths
Emigrants from the Kingdom of Prussia
Immigrants to the United Kingdom
Immigrants to the United States
German women fashion designers
American women fashion designers
German milliners
American milliners
19th-century American businesswomen
19th-century American businesspeople


Football is the most popular sport in Saudi Arabia. Football in Saudi Arabia is governed by the Saudi Arabia Football Federation (SAFF) (). It was founded in 1956. It administers both the club competitions and the national football teams of Saudi Arabia.

The Saudi Arabia Football Federation founder is Prince Abdullah bin Faisal al Saud.

History

National football team

The Saudi Arabia national football team (), is nicknamed as Al-Saqour, which means The Falcons. They are one of the most successful football teams in Asia, winning the Asian Championship three times and qualified to the World Cup six times (1994, 1998, 2002, 2006, 2018, and 2022).

Rivalries

Saudi Arabia has a major rivalry with Iran.

League

The Saudi Professional League is the highest level of competition in the country. In the 1970s, football was organized on a regional basis across Saudi Arabia.

In the 1976 Saudi Professional League season, with the improvement of transportation links and local football, the league was launched on a national basis. Eight clubs participated in the first season of the tournament.

In 1981, a decision was made by the Saudi Arabia Football Federation to increase the number of clubs to 18 clubs, 8 of which take part in the first league, with the other 10 competing in the second league.

In the 1985 season, the number of clubs in the first league was increased to 12.

In 1990, a league cup was introduced, known as The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques League Cup. It was a two-stage competition, a round-robin and knockout phase. The top four teams (known as the Golden Square) from the round-robin moved to the knock-out phase to compete for the final championship.

In the 2007–08 season, The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques Champions Cup was introduced for the more elite teams to compete for. Eight teams participate, including the top six teams of the first league, the winner of the Crown Prince Cup, and the Prince Faisal Cup.

Since 2023, the league started growing through the investment of the Public Investment Fund, mainly in association football.

Events hosted
1972 Arabian Gulf Cup
1984 Arab Club Champions Cup
1985 Afro-Asian Cup of Nations
1985 Arab Cup
1985–86 Asian Club Championship
1986 AFC Youth Championship
1986 Asian Club Championship
1987 Arab Club Champions Cup
1988 Arabian Gulf Cup
1989 Arab Cup Winners' Cup
1989 FIFA World Youth Championship
1992 AFC U-17 Championship
1992 FIFA Confederations Cup
1995 Arab Super Cup
1995 FIFA Confederations Cup
1996 Arab Super Cup
1997 Asian Super Cup
1997 FIFA Confederations Cup
1998 Arab Club Champions Cup
1998 Asian Super Cup
1999 Asian Super Cup
2000 Arab Club Champions Cup
2000 Arab Cup Winners' Cup
2000 Asian Super Cup
2001 Asian Super Cup
2002 Arab Unified Club Championship
2002 Arabian Gulf Cup
2002 Asian Super Cup
2005 Islamic Solidarity Games
2008 AFC U-19 Championship
2008 GCC U-23 Championship
2011 Arab Cup U-17
2012 Arab Cup
2014 AFC Champions League Final
2014 Arabian Gulf Cup
2017 AFC Champions League Final
2018 Supercoppa Italiana
2019 AFC Champions League Final
2019 Supercoppa Italiana
2019–20 Supercopa de España
2020 Arab Cup U-20
2021 AFC Champions League Final
2021 WAFF U-15 Championship
2021 WAFF U-23 Championship
2021–22 Supercopa de España
2022 Arab Cup U-20
2022 Supercoppa Italiana
2022 WAFF U-23 Championship
2022–23 Supercopa de España
2027 AFC Asian Cup

National team

National ranking

, Saudi Arabia is placed 54th in the FIFA World Rankings.

Achievements

 1970 Arabian Gulf Cup – Third place
 1972 Arabian Gulf Cup – Runner-up
 1973 AFC Youth Championship – Fourth place
 1974 Arabian Gulf Cup – Runner-up
 1976 Pan Arab Games – Silver
 1979 Arabian Gulf Cup — Third place
 1982 Asian Games – Bronze
 1984 Arabian Gulf Cup – Third place
 1984 AFC Asian Cup – Champion
 1985 Arab Cup – Third place
 1985 Pan Arab Games – Fourth place
 1985 Afro-Asian Cup of Nations – Runner-up
 1985 AFC Youth Championship – Runner-up
 1985 AFC U-16 Championship – Champion
 1986 Arabian Gulf Cup – Third place
 1986 Asian Games – Silver
 1986 AFC Youth Championship – Champion
 1986 AFC U-16 Championship – Third place
 1988 Arabian Gulf Cup – Third place
 1988 AFC Asian Cup – Champion
 1988 AFC U-16 Championship – Champion
 1989 FIFA U-16 World Championship – Champion
 1992 Arabian Gulf Cup – Third place
 1992 AFC Asian Cup – Runner-up
 1992 FIFA Confederations Cup – Runner-up
 1992 Arab Cup – Runner-up
 1992 AFC Youth Championship – Champion
 1992 AFC U-17 Championship – Third place
 1994 Arabian Gulf Cup – Champion
 1996 Arabian Gulf Cup – Third place
 1996 AFC Asian Cup – Champion
 1997 Afro-Asian Cup of Nations – Runner-up
 1998 Arabian Gulf Cup – Runner-up
 1998 Arab Cup – Champion
 1998 AFC Youth Championship – Third place
 1999 FIFA Confederations Cup – Fourth place
 2000 AFC Asian Cup – Runner-up
 2002 Arabian Gulf Cup – Champion
 2002 Arab Cup – Champion
 2002 AFC Youth Championship – Third place
 2003‒04 Arabian Gulf Cup – Champion
 2005 Islamic Solidarity Games – Gold
 2007 Arabian Gulf Cup – Third place
 2007 AFC Asian Cup – Runner-up
 2007 Pan Arab Games – Bronze
 2008 GCC U-23 Championship – Champion
 2009 Arabian Gulf Cup – Runner-up
 2010 Arabian Gulf Cup – Runner-up
 2010 AFC U-19 Championship – Fourth place
 2011 GCC U-23 Championship – Third place
 2011 Arab Cup U-20 – Runner-up
 2011 Arab Cup U-17 – Champion
 2012 Arab Cup U-20 – Runner-up
 2012 Arab Cup – Fourth place
 2012 GCC U-23 Championship – Champion
 2013 AFC U-22 Championship – Runner-up
 2013 GCC U-23 Championship – Runner-up
 2013 Islamic Solidarity Games – Fourth place
 2014 Arabian Gulf Cup – Runner-up
 2014 Arab Cup U-17 – Runner-up
 2015 GCC U-23 Championship – Champion
 2015 GCC U-19 Championship – Fourth place
 2016 GCC U-23 Championship – Champion
 2016 AFC U-19 Championship – Runner-up
 2016 GCC U-19 Championship – Champion
 2018 AFC U-19 Championship – Champion
 2019 Arabian Gulf Cup – Runner-up
 2020 AFC U-23 Championship – Runner-up
 2021 Arab Cup U-20 – Champion
 2021 Islamic Solidarity Games – Runner-up
 2022 AFC U-23 Asian Cup – Champion
 2022 Arab Cup U-20 – Champion
 2022 WAFF U-23 Championship – Champion

Leagues of Saudi Arabia

There are four professional football league levels of Saudi Arabia:
 Saudi Professional League – 16 clubs
 First Division – 20 clubs
 Second Division – 28 clubs
 Third Division – 32 clubs

The Saudi Professional League was ranked 27th in 2015 by the International Federation of Football.

List of Saudi Pro League champions

Performance by club

Stadiums

 Al-Batin Club Stadium
 Al-Bukiryah Club Stadium
 Al-Hazem Club Stadium
 Al Majma'ah Sports City
 Al-Najma Club Stadium
 Al-Okhdood Club Stadium
 Al-Shoulla Club Stadium
 Department of Education Stadium
 King Abdul Aziz Stadium
 King Abdullah Sport City Stadium
 King Abdullah Sports City
 King Fahd International Stadium
 King Fahd Stadium
 King Khalid Sport City Stadium
 King Saud Sport City Stadium
 Mrsool Park
 Prince Abdul Aziz bin Musa'ed Stadium
 Prince Abdullah Al Faisal Stadium
 Prince Abdullah bin Jalawi Stadium
 Prince Faisal bin Fahd Stadium
 Prince Mohamed bin Fahd Stadium
 Prince Mohammed bin Abdul Aziz Stadium
 Prince Mohammed bin Abdullah Al Faisal Stadium
 Prince Saud bin Jalawi Stadium
 Prince Sultan bin Abdul Aziz Stadium
 Prince Turki bin Abdul Aziz Stadium

Best Player of Asia award

League system

The Saudi Arabia football association football league system is organized in a pyramidal shape similar to football league systems in many other countries. The principle of promotion and relegation binds the leagues.

Women's football

Women's football is played in Saudi Arabia, but only in the affluent areas, as the country's very restrictive laws (especially those concerning women) inhibit the practice of the sport. In February 2020, Saudi Arabia launched a football league for women.

Saudi Arabia football privatization

In November 2016, the government of Saudi Arabia approved plans to turn state-owned sports clubs into private companies. This is part of the economic reforms to reduce Saudi reliance on oil exports and ease financial burdens on the government.

See also
 List of football clubs in Saudi Arabia

References


Khimki Basketball Center, or Khimki Basketball Center of Moscow Region, is an indoor sporting arena that is located in Khimki, Russia. The total seating capacity of the arena for basketball games is 5,025, which includes the arena's lounge areas. The arena's regular fan seating capacity is 4,000. It is the home arena of the VTB United League professional basketball club Khimki Moscow Region.

The main playing hall and stands contain 4,000 seats, the arena complex also includes: two training gyms, six locker rooms (two of which are of NBA level), a press seating section with 45 seats, and 4 commentator cabins, a location setup for TV cameras, a VIP-persons seating section with 164 seats, a media press room center, a post production center, and other features.

History
The arena was originally opened in the year 1970. In 2005, it was reconstructed, renovated, and remodeled. After Khimki Moscow Region qualified to play in the 2009–10 EuroLeague season, the arena was again further renovated and updated, and its regular fan seating capacity was increased from 3,500 to 4,000, with the arena's overall capacity being increased to 5,025, including lounge areas. Starting with the 2016–17 EuroLeague season, the EuroLeague no longer allowed Khimki to play its home EuroLeague games at the arena, since it did not meet the EuroLeague's minimum arena seating capacity rule of at least 5,000 regular fan seats.

The arena was used to host the 2012 EuroCup Final Four.

References

External links
BC Khimki Arena Site
BC Khimki Arena Info
BC Khimki Arena Picture

Indoor arenas in Russia
Basketball venues in Russia
Sport in Moscow Oblast
Sports venues completed in 1970
Buildings and structures in Moscow Oblast
Khimki


Daddy Long Legs (1931) is an American pre-Code film directed by Alfred Santell and starring Janet Gaynor and Warner Baxter. The story involves an orphan who is taken under the wing of a wealthy benefactor.

The original story, written in 1912 by Jean Webster, compared the childhood of the wealthy to that of orphanage children. Although suffering under a tough matron, Judy Abbott (Janet Gaynor) manages to cope and help the other orphans through intelligence and hard work, and the wealthy Jervis Pendleton (Warner Baxter), who is the benefactor, can't help admiring his young charge. Yet, she doesn't know it's he who is sponsoring her schooling, even when they meet, through Jervis' niece, who is Judy's roommate, and the girl, who was once alone, has to choose between their growing affection and a younger suitor.

Cast
Janet Gaynor as  Judy Abbott
Warner Baxter as  Jervis Pendleton
Una Merkel as Sally McBride
John Arledge as Jimmy McBride
Claude Gillingwater as Riggs
Effie Ellsler as Mrs. Semple
Kendall McComas as Freddie Perkins
Kathlyn Williams as Mrs. Pendleton
Elizabeth Patterson as Mrs. Lippett, the matron
Louise Closser Hale as Miss Pritchard
Sheila Bromley as Gloria
Billy Barty as Orphan
Edith Fellows as  Orphan
Clarence Geldart as Minister at Commencement
Edwin Maxwell as Wykoff
Steve Pendleton as Sally's Beau

Production
Janet Gaynor had won the first Academy Award for Best Actress in 1928 and Warner Baxter had won the second Academy Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of the Cisco Kid in In Old Arizona by the time Daddy Long Legs was released. The screenplay was based on the stage play Daddy Long-Legs by Jean Webster.

Fox made French and Italian dubbed versions of the film and successfully sued a Dutch company for making a film based on the same material.

References

1931 romantic comedy films
1931 films
Fox Film films
American black-and-white films
Films directed by Alfred Santell
Films about orphans
Films with screenplays by Sonya Levien
American romantic comedy films
1930s English-language films
1930s American films
Silent romantic comedy films