Michael Pakenham Edgeworth (24 May 1812 – 30 July 1881) was an Irish botanist who specialized in seed plants and ferns, and spent most of his life working in India. He was also a pioneer of photography.

Early life and family relations
Edgeworth was born in Edgesworthstown, County Longford, Ireland on 24 May 1812, one of twenty-four children of Richard Lovell Edgeworth (1744–1817) and his four wives. His mother, Frances Beaufort, was the fourth wife. His older half-sister Maria Edgeworth, born to his father's first wife Anna Maria Edgeworth (née Elers), became a novelist. Among his other siblings were Honora (half-sister), Fanny (sister), Lucy (sister), and Francis (brother). With his wife Christina, whom he married in 1842, Michael had a daughter named Harriet and a second, Christina, who died in infancy.

Education
He attended Charterhouse School in England from September 1823 where his schoolmates included William Makepeace Thackeray and H.G. Liddell. He later studied oriental languages and botany at University of Edinburgh, Scotland, from 1827.  A relative, Lord Carrington offered his mother a cadetship for one of her sons. From 1829 - 30 he was at the East India College, Haileybury, ending with appointment to the East India Company on 30 April 1831 as a writer.

Travels
Although he is known to have had an estate of  in County Longford, Ireland, he joined the Bengal Civil Service of the British Colonial regime in India. He was initially based at Ambala, Muzaffarnagar, then Saharanpur and finally Banda until 1850 in a series of judicial and administrative posts covering an area from Lahore to Madras. Being possessed of a curious spirit, Edgeworth travelled widely especially in northern India where he collected plants and made notes. In June 1849 he was appointed as one of the Commissioners in The Punjab. In addition to his interest in botany, he also wrote about Indian languages, culture, topography, and antiquities.

But he was not always in India; he maintained a connection with scientific societies, being elected to the Linnean Society in 1842. On a return voyage to India in 1846 he took advantage of a short stop at Aden to collect plants. Of the 40 specimens, eleven turned out to be previously undescribed species that he reported in a scientific journal. A letter  from Charles Darwin to J.D. Hooker mentions a conversation held between himself, Edgeworth and biologists John Lubbock and George Charles Wallich, at a meeting of the Linnean Society of London (18 April 1861) less than two years after the publication of Darwin's On the Origin of Species (22 November 1859). Unfortunately, very little of the content of this conversation is revealed in the letter.

Edgeworth experimented with the use of photographic techniques in botany from 1839, making daguerreotypes and photogenic drawings, some of which survive.

Death
He retired in 1859, returning to London. Edgeworth died suddenly on 30 July 1881 on the island of Eigg, in the Scottish Inner Hebrides. Edgeworth was married to Christina daughter of Dr Macpherson of King's College, Aberdeen in 1846.

Published works
He published thirteen papers on botany, climatology and his travels. In the field of botany, Edgeworth wrote:

 Descriptions of Some Unpublished Species of Plants from North-Western India (R.Taylor, 1851)
 Catalogue of Plants found in the Banda district, 1847–49, pp. 60.8 (Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta 1852, Vol. xxi.)
 Pollen (Hardwicke + Bogue, 1877)

His meticulous diaries from the years 1828 (just a few years before going to India) to 1867, was compiled in the weighty, 8,000-page publication entitled India in the Age of Empire - The Journals of Michael Pakenham Edgeworth (1812–1881). It chronicles the broadening of British imperial influence in the Indian territories and is principally of cultural and political interest.

Botanical names
The plant genus Edgeworthia was dedicated to him, and to his half-sister, the writer Maria Edgeworth. Numerous other plants including Primula edgeworthii, Rhododendron edgeworthii, Impatiens edgeworthii and Platanthera edgeworthii were named after him.

References

External links

 Pictures of Edgeworth National Portrait Gallery
 Pictures of Edgeworthia from:
The Potomac Valley Chapter North American Rock Garden Society The Harvard University Herbarium
 Pollen (1877)

19th-century Irish botanists
1812 births
1881 deaths
Michael
People from Edgeworthstown
Scientists from County Longford
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh


Murphy Lake is a lake in Lincoln County, Montana, United States, within Kootenai National Forest, northwest of Dickey Lake. Murphy Lake lies at an elevation of 2999 feet (914 m). A ranger station and a campground are located on the lake's shore.

References

Murphy Lake visitor information

Lakes of Montana
Bodies of water of Lincoln County, Montana
Kootenai National Forest
Protected areas of Lincoln County, Montana


Lennox Mauris (born 20 January 1977) is an international footballer from the former Netherlands Antilles. He has played club football in Belgium for K Bocholter VV and in the Netherlands for Türkiyemspor and Haaglandia.

External links

Caribbean Football Database

1977 births
Living people
Dutch Antillean men's footballers
Netherlands Antilles men's international footballers
VV Haaglandia players
FC Türkiyemspor players

Men's association football defenders
K. Bocholter V.V. players
DHC Delft players


Goniorhynchus is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae.

Species
Goniorhynchus butyrosa (Butler, 1879)
Goniorhynchus calamitalis Snellen, 1898
Goniorhynchus chalybealis Snellen, 1892
Goniorhynchus clausalis (Christoph, 1881)
Goniorhynchus exemplaris Hampson, 1898
Goniorhynchus flaviguttalis Warren, 1896
Goniorhynchus gratalis (Lederer, 1863)
Goniorhynchus gulielmalis Holland, 1900
Goniorhynchus hampsoni (Klima, 1939 - replacement name)
Goniorhynchus marasmialis Hampson, 1898
Goniorhynchus marginalis Warren, 1896
Goniorhynchus obscurus Hampson, 1898
Goniorhynchus octosema Hampson, 1912
Goniorhynchus pasithea (Fawcett, 1916)
Goniorhynchus pectinalis Hampson, 1898
Goniorhynchus plumbeizonalis Hampson, 1896
Goniorhynchus salaconalis (Druce, 1895)

Former species
Goniorhynchus argyropalis (Hampson, 1908)
Goniorhynchus lasyguialis Hampson, 1912

References

 afromoths.net

Spilomelinae
Crambidae genera
Taxa named by George Hampson


Gonocausta is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. The genus was first described by Julius Lederer in 1863.

Species
Gonocausta sabinalis Dyar, 1914
Gonocausta simulata (Druce, 1902)
Gonocausta vestigialis Snellen, 1890
Gonocausta voralis (Schaus, 1920)
Gonocausta zephyralis Lederer, 1863

References

Spilomelinae
Crambidae genera
Taxa named by Julius Lederer


Gonodiscus is a genus of the moth's family Crambidae. It contains only one species, Gonodiscus amplalis, which is found in Chile.

References

Glaphyriinae
Taxa named by William Warren (entomologist)
Crambidae genera
Monotypic moth genera
Endemic fauna of Chile


Gononoorda is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae.

Species
Gononoorda jacobsoni Munroe, 1977
Gononoorda neervoorti Munroe, 1977

References

Odontiinae
Crambidae genera
Taxa named by Eugene G. Munroe


Gonothyris is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae described by George Hampson in 1896. It contains only one species, Gonothyris hyaloplaga, which is found in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

The wingspan is about 30 mm. The forewings are vinous red with an indistinct curved subbasal line with a grey speck at the costa. There is an oblique antemedial line arising from an outwardly oblique white costal fascia and there is a short medial white fascia on the costa, as well as a large hyaline (glass-like) lunule in the end of the cell. There is a marginal series of red spots. The hindwings are deeper vinous red with an oblique dark medial line.

References

Midilinae
Arthropods of Brazil
Monotypic moth genera
Crambidae genera
Taxa named by George Hampson


Gynenomis is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae.

Species
Gynenomis mindanaoensis Munroe & Mutuura, 1968
Gynenomis sericealis (Wileman & South, 1917)

References

Pyraustinae
Crambidae genera
Taxa named by Eugene G. Munroe


Steven Mark Cowe (born 29 September 1974) is an English footballer who played in the Football League as a forward for Swindon Town. He began his career with Aston Villa, but never played for their first team, and went on to play for numerous non-league teams. He retired from football in 2009.

References

External links

1974 births
Living people
Footballers from Gloucester
English men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Aston Villa F.C. players
Swindon Town F.C. players
Hereford United F.C. players
Newport County A.F.C. players
Forest Green Rovers F.C. players
Redditch United F.C. players
Weston-super-Mare A.F.C. players
Cirencester Town F.C. players
Cinderford Town A.F.C. players
English Football League players
National League (English football) players
Southern Football League players


Thomas Brightman (1562–1607) was an English clergyman and biblical commentator. His exegesis of the Book of Revelation, published posthumously, proved influential. According to William M. Lamont, Brightman and Joseph Mede were the two most important revisionists of the interpretation and eschatology set down by John Foxe; among Brightman's contributions was to weaken the imperial associations tied to the Emperor Constantine I. The detailed reading, in favour of the Genevan and Scottish churches, and condemning the 'Laodicean' (lukewarm) Church of England, helped to move on the Puritan conceptions of church reform and its urgency.

Life
Brightman was born at Nottingham in 1562, and admitted a pensioner at Queens' College, Cambridge, in 1576, where he became Fellow in 1584. He graduated B.A. in 1581, M.A. in 1584, B.D, in 1591. In 1592. on the recommendation of William Whitaker, John Osborne gave him the rectory of Hawnes in Bedfordshire. Brightman frequently discussed in his college church ceremonies with George Meriton, afterwards dean of York. As a preacher he was celebrated, though his disaffection from the church establishment was no secret. It is said that he subscribed the Book of Discipline.

His life, says Thomas Fuller, was most angelical. He used to carry a Greek testament, which he read over every two weeks.

Riding on a coach with John Osborne, and reading a book (for he would lose no time), he fainted, and died, on 24 August 1607. He was buried, according to the parish register, on the day of his death at Hawnes. There is an inscription to him in the chancel. He was never married. His funeral sermon was preached by Edward Bulkley, D.D., sometime fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, and rector of Odell in Bedfordshire.

Works
Brightman persuaded himself and others that a work of his on the Apocalypse was written under divine inspiration. In it he makes the Church of England the Laodicean church, and the angel that God loved the church of Geneva and the kirk of Scotland. The main object of his system of prophecy in a commentary on Daniel, as well as in his book on the Apocalypse, was to prove that the pope is that anti-Christ, whose reign is limited to 1290 years, and who is then foredoomed by God to utter destruction.

In 1615 his work Shall They Return to Jerusalem Again? was published, advocating the return of the Jews to the Holy Land, one of the first Christians to do so. "There is nothing more certain: the prophets do everywhere confirm it and beat upon it."

Notes

Further reading
Crome, Andrew (2014). The Restoration of the Jews: Early Modern Hermeneutics, Eschatology, and National Identity in the Works of Thomas Brightman. Springer. .

References

1562 births
1607 deaths
Fellows of Queens' College, Cambridge
Alumni of Queens' College, Cambridge
English religious writers
16th-century English writers
16th-century male writers
17th-century English writers
17th-century English male writers
16th-century English Anglican priests
17th-century English Anglican priests
Clergy from Nottingham
British Christian Zionists
16th-century Anglican theologians
17th-century Anglican theologians


Gypodes is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, Gypodes vexilliferalis, which is found in Brazil (Pará).

References

Spilomelinae
Taxa named by Eugene G. Munroe
Crambidae genera
Monotypic moth genera


The Hippo signaling pathway, also known as the Salvador-Warts-Hippo (SWH) pathway, is a signaling pathway that controls organ size in animals through the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. The pathway takes its name from one of its key signaling components—the protein kinase Hippo (Hpo). Mutations in this gene lead to tissue overgrowth, or a "hippopotamus"-like phenotype.

A fundamental question in developmental biology is how an organ knows to stop growing after reaching a particular size. Organ growth relies on several processes occurring at the cellular level, including cell division and programmed cell death (or apoptosis). The Hippo signaling pathway is involved in restraining cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. As many cancers are marked by unchecked cell division, this signaling pathway has become increasingly significant in the study of human cancer. The Hippo pathway also has a critical role in stem cell and tissue specific progenitor cell self-renewal and expansion.

The Hippo signaling pathway appears to be highly conserved. While most of the Hippo pathway components were identified in the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) using mosaic genetic screens, orthologs to these components (genes that are related through speciation events and thus tend to retain the same function in different species) have subsequently been found in mammals. Thus, the delineation of the pathway in Drosophila has helped to identify many genes that function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in mammals.

Mechanism
The Hippo pathway consists of a core kinase cascade in which Hpo phosphorylates (Drosophila) the protein kinase Warts (Wts). Hpo (MST1/2 in mammals) is a member of the Ste-20 family of protein kinases. This highly conserved group of serine/threonine kinases regulates several cellular processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and various stress responses. Once phosphorylated, Wts (LATS1/2 in mammals) becomes active. Misshapen (Msn, MAP4K4/6/7 in mammals) and Happyhour (Hppy, MAP4K1/2/3/5 in mammals) act in parallel to Hpo to activate Wts. Wts is a nuclear DBF-2-related kinase. These kinases are known regulators of cell cycle progression, growth, and development. Two proteins are known to facilitate the activation of Wts: Salvador (Sav) and Mob as tumor suppressor (Mats). Sav (SAV1 in mammals) is a WW domain-containing protein, meaning that this protein contains a sequence of amino acids in which a tryptophan and an invariant proline are highly conserved. Hpo can bind to and phosphorylate Sav, which may function as a scaffold protein because this Hpo-Sav interaction promotes phosphorylation of Wts. Hpo can also phosphorylate and activate Mats (MOBKL1A/B in mammals), which allows Mats to associate with and strengthen the kinase activity of Wts.

Activated Wts can then go on to phosphorylate and inactivate the transcriptional coactivator Yorkie (Yki). Yki is unable to bind DNA by itself. In its active state, Yki binds to the transcription factor Scalloped (Sd), and the Yki-Sd complex becomes localized to the nucleus. This allows for the expression of several genes that promote organ growth, such as cyclin E, which promotes cell cycle progression, and diap1 (Drosophila inhibitor of apoptosis protein-1), which, as its name suggests, prevents apoptosis. Yki also activates expression of the bantam microRNA, a positive growth regulator that specifically affects cell number. Thus, the inactivation of Yki by Wts inhibits growth through the transcriptional repression of these pro-growth regulators. By phosphorylating Yki at serine 168, Wts promotes the association of Yki with 14-3-3 proteins, which help to anchor Yki in the cytoplasm and prevent its transport to the nucleus. In mammals, the two Yki orthologs are Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (WWTR1, also known as TAZ). When activated, YAP and TAZ can bind to several transcription factors including p73, Runx2 and several TEADs. YAP regulates the expression of Hoxa1 and Hoxc13 in mouse and human epithelial cells in vivo and in vitro.

The upstream regulators of the core Hpo/Wts kinase cascade include the transmembrane protein Fat and several membrane-associated proteins. As an atypical cadherin, Fat (FAT1-4 in mammals) may function as a receptor, though an extracellular ligand has not been positively identified. The GPI-anchored cell surface protein glypican-3 (GPC3) is known to interact with Fat1 in human liver cancer. GPC3 is also shown to modulate Yap signaling in liver cancer. While Fat is known to bind to another atypical cadherin, Dachsous (Ds), during tissue patterning, it is unclear what role Ds has in regulating tissue growth. Nevertheless, Fat is recognized as an upstream regulator of the Hpo pathway. Fat activates Hpo through the apical protein Expanded (Ex; FRMD6/Willin in mammals). Ex interacts with two other apically-localized proteins, Kibra (KIBRA in mammals) and Merlin (Mer; NF2 in mammals), to form the Kibra-Ex-Mer (KEM) complex. Both Ex and Mer are FERM domain-containing proteins, while Kibra, like Sav, is a WW domain-containing protein. The KEM complex physically interacts with the Hpo kinase cascade, thereby localizing the core kinase cascade to the plasma membrane for activation. Fat may also regulate Wts independently of Ex/Hpo, through the inhibition of the unconventional myosin Dachs. Normally, Dachs can bind to and promote the degradation of Wts.

In cancer

In fruitfly, the Hippo signaling pathway involves a kinase cascade involving the Salvador (Sav), Warts (Wts) and Hippo (Hpo) protein kinases.  Many of the genes involved in the Hippo signaling pathway are recognized as tumor suppressors, while Yki/YAP/TAZ is identified as an oncogene. YAP/TAZ can reprogram cancer cells into cancer stem cells. YAP has been found to be elevated in some human cancers, including breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and liver cancer. This may be explained by YAP’s recently defined role in overcoming contact inhibition, a fundamental growth control property of normal cells in vitro and in vivo,  in which proliferation stops after cells reach confluence (in culture) or occupy maximum available space inside the body and touch one another. This property is typically lost in cancerous cells, allowing them to proliferate in an uncontrolled manner. In fact, YAP overexpression antagonizes contact inhibition.

Many of the pathway components recognized as tumor suppressor genes are mutated in human cancers. For example, mutations in Fat4 have been found in breast cancer, while NF2 is mutated in familial and sporadic schwannomas. Additionally, several human cancer cell lines invoke mutations of the SAV1 and MOBK1B proteins. However, recent research by Marc Kirschner and Taran Gujral has demonstrated that Hippo pathway components may play a more nuanced role in cancer than previously thought. Hippo pathway inactivation enhanced the effect of 15 FDA-approved oncology drugs by promoting chemo-retention. In another study, the Hippo pathway kinases LATS1/2 were found to suppress cancer immunity in mice.

As a drug target
Two venture-backed oncology startups, Vivace Therapeutics and the General Biotechnologies subsidiary Nivien Therapeutics, are actively developing kinase inhibitors targeting the Hippo pathway.

Regulation of human organ size
The heart is the first organ formed during mammalian development. A properly sized and functional heart is vital throughout the entire lifespan. Loss of cardiomyocytes because of injury or diseases leads to heart failure, which is a major cause of human morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, regenerative potential of the adult heart is limited. The Hippo pathway is a recently identified signaling cascade that plays an evolutionarily conserved role in organ size control by inhibiting cell proliferation, promoting apoptosis, regulating fates of stem/progenitor cells, and in some circumstances, limiting cell size. Research indicates a key role of this pathway in regulation of cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart size. Inactivation of the Hippo pathway or activation of its downstream effector, the Yes-associated protein transcription coactivator, improves cardiac regeneration. Several known upstream signals of the Hippo pathway such as mechanical stress, G-protein-coupled receptor signaling, and oxidative stress are known to play critical roles in cardiac physiology. In addition, Yes-associated protein has been shown to regulate cardiomyocyte fate through multiple transcriptional mechanisms.

Gene name confusion
Note that Hippo TAZ protein is often confused with the gene TAZ, which is unrelated to the Hippo pathway. The gene TAZ produces the protein tafazzin. The official gene name for the Hippo TAZ protein is WWTR1. Also, the official names for MST1 and MST2 are STK4 and STK3, respectively. All databases for bioinformatics use the official gene symbols, and commercial sources for PCR primers or siRNA also go by the official gene names.

Summary table

References

Further reading

 Valentina Rausch, Carsten G. Hansen (2020).  The Hippo Pathway, YAP/TAZ, and the Plasma Membrane. Trends in Cell Biology   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcb.2019.10.005

Signal transduction
Animal genes


Gyptitia is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, Gyptitia gonialis, which is found on Sulawesi.

References

Pyraustinae
Crambidae genera
Taxa named by Pieter Cornelius Tobias Snellen


Gyros is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae.

Species
Gyros atripennalis Barnes & McDunnough, 1914
Gyros muirii (H. Edwards, 1881)
Gyros powelli Munroe, 1959

References

Odontiini
Crambidae genera


Willie and the Wheel is an album from American country music artists Willie Nelson and Asleep at the Wheel. This album was released on February 3, 2009, on the Bismeaux Records label and was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Americana Album.

Track list
"Hesitation Blues" - 2:47
"Sweet Jennie Lee" (Walter Donaldson)  - 3:01
"Fan It" (Frankie Jaxson, Dan Howell) - 2:46
"I Ain't Gonna Give Nobody None o' This Jelly Roll" (Spencer Williams, Clarence Williams) - 3:11
"Oh! You Pretty Woman" - 2:50
"Bring it on Down to My House" - 3:29
"Right or Wrong" (Arthur Sizemore, Haven Gillespie, Paul Biese) - 3:10
"Corrine Corrina" - 3:17
"I'm Sittin' on Top of the World" - 4:45
"Shame on You" (Spade Cooley) - 2:59
"South" (Bennie Moten, Thamon Hayes) - 3:39
(with Paul Shaffer and Vince Gill)
"Won't You Ride in My Little Red Wagon" (Rex Griffin) - 3:39
"I'll Have Somebody Else" (Bob Wills) - 3:31

Tracks 1, 5, 6, 8 & 9 are credited as traditional songs, arranged for this recording by Ray Benson.
Track 13 appears on the deluxe version of the album which also includes unique postcards for each track.

Chart performance

Personnel
 Dave Alexander – Trumpet
 William Armstrong – Assistant Engineer
Ray Benson – Acoustic & Electric Guitar, Arranger, Vocals, Producer, Liner Notes, Art Direction, Mixing
 Don Cobb – Mastering
 Eric Conn – Mastering
 Sarah Dodds – Design
 Shauna Dodds – Design
 Floyd Domino – Piano
 Jonathan Doyle – Clarinet
 Mindy Espy Reyes – Product Manager
 Vince Gill – Electric Guitar
 Boo Macleod – Engineer
 Elizabeth McQueen – Vocals
 M.J. Mendell – Assistant Producer
 David Earl Miller – Bass
 Michael Mordecai – Trombone
 Willie Nelson – Vocals
 Adam Odor – Engineer, Mixing
 Lisa Pollard – Photography
 Vance Powell – Engineer
 Dick Reeves – Art Direction, Design
 Eddie Rivers – Steel Guitar
 Jason Roberts – Fiddle, Mandolin, Vocals
 David Sanger – Drums
 Peter Schwarz – Associate Producer
 Sam Seifert – Acoustic Guitar, Engineer, Mixing
 Paul Shaffer – Piano
 Dan Skarbek – Assistant Producer
 Kevin C. Smith – Bass
 Jerry Wexler – Executive Producer
 John Michael Whitby – Piano
 John "Sly" Wilson – Design

External links
 Willie and the Wheel's Official Website
 Willie Nelson's Official Website
 Asleep at the Wheel's Official Website

2009 albums
Willie Nelson albums
Asleep at the Wheel albums
Collaborative albums


Reuben W. Stroud (1841 in Lenox, Madison County, New York – December 2, 1875 in Syracuse, Onondaga County, New York) was an American civil engineer and politician from New York.

Life
He began his engineering career as assistant to John B. Jervis.

In 1870, he removed to Syracuse, NY, and was Chief Engineer on the construction of the Syracuse and Chenango Valley Railroad of which he became Superintendent after the construction was finished.

In 1872, he was elected a Canal Commissioner on the Republican ticket, and died a month before the end of his term.

He was married to Ella M. Bruce (1842-1919, daughter of Canal Commissioner Benjamin F. Bruce).

He died of typhoid fever at the Syracuse House in Syracuse, NY.

Sources
The Candidate for Canal Commissioner in NYT on August 24, 1872
 Editorial endorsing Stroud, in NYT on November 2, 1872
 Obit in NYT on December 3, 1875

1841 births
1875 deaths
People from Lenox, New York
Erie Canal Commissioners
American civil engineers
Politicians from Syracuse, New York
Deaths from typhoid fever
New York (state) Republicans
Engineers from New York (state)


The Palace of Iturbide (1779 to 1785) is a large palatial residence located in the historic center of Mexico City at Madero Street #17. It was built by the Count of San Mateo Valparaíso as a wedding gift for his daughter. It gained the name “Palace of Iturbide” because Agustín de Iturbide lived there and accepted the crown of the First Mexican Empire (as Agustin I) at the palace after independence from Spain. Today, the restored building houses the Fomento Cultural Banamex; it has been renamed the Palacio de Cultura Banamex.

History

This residence was constructed by Miguel de Berrio y Saldívar, Count of San Mateo Valparaíso and Marquis of Jaral de Berrio. Berrio y Saldívar's fortune was based in mining and livestock. He also served as the mayor of Mexico City. He purportedly built the palace in an elaborate way to equal the sum of his daughter's dowry, approximately 100,000 pesos, in order to stop his new son-in-law, the Marquis of Moncada of Sicily, from squandering his daughter's wealth. It was built as a replica of the royal palace of Palermo. This couple's son, the grandson of the home's builder, preferred not to live in the palace but offered it for the use of visiting dignitaries, such as viceroy Félix Calleja and later Agustín de Iturbide.  From this palace's balcony, Iturbide accepted the offer to be Mexico's first emperor after independence from Spain. During his reign (1821–1823), he lived here, using the house as the royal palace.

After the Conquest, the site had been part of land granted by the Spanish Crown to Gonzalo Juárez de Córdoba. Until the 17th century, the site was a convent for the Sisters of Saint Brigit, until they sold the land to Berrio y Saldívar.

Design

This Mexican Baroque building was designed and begun by Francisco Antonio Guerrero y Torres and finished by his brother-in-law Agustín Duran between 1779 and 1785. The building has three floors and a mezzanine, showing Italian influence in its Baroque design. Its façade of tezontle and cantera stone is flanked by two fortified towers at the ends of the façade. It has a central gallery or loggia, which is now closed to the public. The façade is decorated with carved stone that features organic and geometric motifs such as flowers, small double-tailed mermaids and graceful male figures. Inside, the porch has a vaulted roof.

A large archway leads to the courtyard decorated with geometric figures.  The courtyard is surrounded by eighteen arches supported by Tuscan columns.

Later uses
Early in the 19th century, the building housed the College of Mining. It was remodeled in 1855 for use as a hotel, serving that function for more than 100 years.

In 1965, the building was purchased and restored by the National Bank of Mexico. In 1972, it became the home of the Banamex Cultural Foundation (Fomento Cultural Banamex).

The foundation spent two years from 2002 to 2004 doing significant restoration work on the building. It reopened the structure for use as the “Palacio de Cultura Banamex.” It hosts numerous temporary art exhibitions, as well as art workshops for adults and children.

See also
List of colonial non-religious buildings in Mexico City

References

Palaces in Mexico
Baroque palaces in Mexico
Houses in Mexico City
Museums in Mexico City
Art museums and galleries in Mexico
Contemporary art galleries in Mexico
Historic house museums in Mexico
Historic center of Mexico City
Imperial residences in Mexico
Royal residences in Mexico
Mexican monarchy
Landmarks in Mexico City
History of Mexico City
Houses completed in 1785
1785 establishments in New Spain
Museums established in 1972
1972 establishments in Mexico
Mexican War of Independence
Spanish Colonial architecture in Mexico


Guillermo Deisler (15 June 1940–21 October 1995) was a stage designer, visual poet and mail artist. In his country of birth, Chile, as well as during his long and difficult exile (since 1986 in the German Democratic Republic) his rich and imaginative work constituted the centre of his life.

Life
Deisler was born in Santiago, Chile as the son of a family that had immigrated around 1900 from Prussia. He studied art and became, in 1967, a teacher of graphic art at the University of Chile in Antofagasta. When Pinochet came to power, he (like many of his colleagues) was arrested and sacked. With the help of friends, he was able to leave prison and go into exile in Europe. After staying in France for a year, he volunteered to work in the German Democratic Republic. From there, however, he was sent on to Bulgaria, where he and his family stayed for almost 12 years. In 1986, he was allowed to return to the German Democratic Republic, where he worked as a stage designer at the provincial theatre in Halle (Saale) until his untimely death.

Work
Deisler has produced a large body of visual poetry and contributed to the movement of mail art. But most of this work, exhibited and published in the different countries of his exile, is little known and remains to be rediscovered. He is largely remembered as a promoter of his fellow artists. As early as 1963 to 1973 he published mimbre (willow rod), a periodical of graphic arts and visual poetry, presenting the avantgarde of Latin American artists. In 1987, he started a similar project, this time of an international scope: the Peacedream project UNI/vers(;), publishing original mail art works from artists like Hans Braumüller, Theo Breuer, David Chikladze (Georgia), Pedro-Juan Gutierrez (Cuba), Joseph Huber (Germany), César Figueiredo (Portugal), K. Takeishi-Tateno (Japan), Spencer Selby (USA) and many others. In 1990, just after the unification of Germany, he edited (together with the designer Jörg Kowalski) the anthology wortBILD (wordPICTURE), documenting avant-garde visual poetry in the now defunct German Democratic Republic.

Today his collection of more than 5,000 works of mail art is preserved in the archives of the Academy of the Arts, Berlin.

Selected exhibitions
 1964 Galeria Vanguadia, Santiago de Chile
 1967 Galeria Kraft, Buenos Aires, Argentina
 1970 Casa de Cultura, Ministerio de Educación, Santiago de Chile
 1971 Galeria U, Montevideo, Uruguay
 1979 Gráficas, Viejo Plovdiv, Bulgaria
 1983 Sociedad de Escritores de Chile, Santiago de Chile
 1987 Galerie des Kulturbundes, Hainichen, Alemania
 1990 Galerie Gallus, Frankfurt/Oder, Alemania
 1991 Galerie Sophienstrasse, Berlin
 1991 Marché de la Poesie, Paris, France
 1992 Museum für Kunsthandwerk, Frankfurt/Main, Alemania
 1993 Kunsthalle, Kühlungsborn, Alemania
 1994 Kunsttrienale, Frankfurt/Main, Alemania
 1996 Sala Juan Egenau, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile
 1997 Centre Internationale de Poesie, Marseille, Francia
 1999 Museo Kitami, Japon
 2002 Casa Cultura Mexicana, Viejo Plovdiv, Bulgaria
 2004 Galeria Stelzer und zaglmeier, Halle, Alemania
 2006 Sala Extensión Cultural, Universidad de Talca, Chile.
 2007 Sala Puntángeles, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, Chile. "Exclusivo hecho para usted" curatoría de Francisca García B.
 2008 Sala Juan Egenau, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile. "Poetry Factory" curatoría Francisca García B. y  gestión de Verónica Troncoso

References
Deisler, Guillermo (Hg.) (a): peacedream project. UNI/vers(;) Visuelle und experimentelle Poesie international. Magazin 1. Halle/Saale 1994.
Deisler, Guillermo (Hg.) (b) : peacedream project. UNI/vers(;) Visuelle und experimentelle Poesie international. Magazin 2. Halle/Saale 1994.
Deisler, Guillermo und Kowalski, Jörg (Hg.): wortBILD, visuelle Poesie in der DDR. Halle/Saale u.a. 1990.
DEISLER: Exclusivo Hecho para Usted! exposición, catálogo y mesas redondas, Valparaíso 2007.

External links
Official site of the Guillermo Deisler Archive, Santiago, Chile (in Spanish)
Mail Artists Index (in German)
Guillermo Deisler´s UNI/vers

Chilean male poets
Chilean artists
Artists from Santiago
1995 deaths
1940 births
Signalism
20th-century Chilean poets
20th-century Chilean male writers
Chilean expatriates in Bulgaria
Chilean expatriates in Germany


Wencho Farrell (born 25 December 1982) is an international footballer from the Netherlands Antilles who plays amateur club football with HCSC.

Club career
Farrell began his career in 2002 with HCSC, and has also had a season-long spell with Türkiyemspor.

External links

Caribbean Football Database

References

1982 births
Living people
Dutch Antillean men's footballers
Netherlands Antilles men's international footballers
Curaçao men's footballers
Curaçao men's international footballers
FC Türkiyemspor players
Dual men's international footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers


Susanne Lüscher is a Swiss orienteering competitor. She won a bronze medal in the relay at the 1985 World Orienteering Championships in Bendigo, Victoria.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Swiss orienteers
Female orienteers
Foot orienteers
World Orienteering Championships medalists
20th-century Swiss women


Palmarin (also called Palmarin Fakao, Palmarin-facao, or Nguedj) is a coastal village in Senegal, located in Sine-Saloum near Sangomar Point between Joal-Fadiouth and Djifer.

History
Palmarin was formerly part of the Kingdom of Sine. Throughout the 19th century, the village participated in the trade of ivory and fur.
For more information visit www.palmarin.net

Administration
Palmarin is now part of Fatick Department in Fatick Region.

Geography
The nearest towns are Joal-Fadiouth, Ngalou Sessene, Mar Lodj, Mar Souloum, Diakhanor, and Guimsam.

Population
In 2003, there were 6698 people and 758 households in the rural community of Palmarin.

Economy
Palmarin's economy is dominated by fishing and agriculture, however tourism also make a contribution, thanks to the beaches, palm trees (which give the village its name), and palm wine.

Climate
Palmarin has a hot semi-arid climate (BSh) with no rainfall from November to May and moderate to heavy rainfall from June to October.

See also

Bibliography

References

External links

 The rural community of Palmarin on the PEPAM website

Populated places in Fatick Region
Petite Côte


Murphy Lake is a  lake in Hamilton County, New York, United States. Murphy Lake lies at an elevation of  in the Wilcox Lake Wild Forest of the Adirondack Park.

In 2008, the lake, in the town of Hope was stocked with brook trout to sustain its natural population.

References

Lakes of New York (state)
Protected areas of Hamilton County, New York
Lakes of Hamilton County, New York


Kishin Kawabata (川畑輝鎮) (born April 29, 1965) is a Japanese professional wrestler, currently performing for Pro Wrestling Noah.

Championships and accomplishments
Pro Wrestling Noah
GHC Openweight / Hardcore Tag Team Championship (2 times)1
GHC Hardcore Tag Team Championship Tournament (2007) - with Kentaro Shiga
Flemish Wrestling Cup (2007)

1 When the GHC Openweight Hardcore Championship was rechristened to the GHC Hardcore Tag Team Championship, Kawabata won the title with Kentaro Shiga.

References

External links
 Kishin Kawabata at PUROLOVE.com

Japanese male professional wrestlers
1965 births
Living people
GHC Openweight Hardcore Champions


Paddy O'Halloran was an Irish sportsperson.  He played hurling and Gaelic football with his local club St Mary's and was a dual player with the Cork senior inter-county teams in the 1910s and 1920s.

Playing career

Club

O'Halloran played his club hurling and football with his local club called St Mary's club.  He enjoyed little in the way of major success with the club.

Inter-county

O'Halloran first came to prominence on the inter-county scene as a member of the Cork senior hurling team in 1915.  That year he won his first Munster winners' medal following a victory over Clare in the provincial final.  The subsequent All-Ireland final pitted Cork against Laois.  It was their first ever meeting in the history of the championship, with Cork going into the game as the red-hot favourites.  Cork led by 3-0 to 2-2 at half-time, however, a huge downpour stymied their style of play.  With nine minutes left in the game John Carroll scored the winning goal for Laois.  It was the second time that O'Halloran had ended up on the losing side on All-Ireland final day.

After a period in the wilderness Cork bounced back in 1919 with O'Halloran collecting a third Munster winners' medal following a provincial final defeat of Limerick.  The All-Ireland final saw Cork line out against Dublin.  'The Rebels' were coasting at half-time with Kennedy having scored four goals.  He had two more disallowed to give his side a 4-2 to 1-1 lead.  Cork ploughed on in the second-half to secure a 6-4 to 2-4 victory.  This victory gave O'Halloran an All-Ireland winners' medal.  This was also the first occasion that Cork wore their distinctive red jerseys.  The old saffron and blue jerseys had been seized by the British before the game so alternative arrangements had to be made.

In 1920 O'Halloran won a fourth and final Munster title following another victory over Limerick.  A third All-Ireland final appearance beckoned, however, Cork failed to retain their title.  A goal blitz by Joe Phelan, Jimmy Walsh and Mick Neville gave Dublin a 4-9 to 4-3 victory.  This defeat brought O'Halloran's inter-county career to an end.

References

Dual players
St Mary's (Shandon) hurlers
St Mary's (Shandon) Gaelic footballers
Cork inter-county hurlers
Cork inter-county Gaelic footballers
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship winners
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing


Events in the year 1791 in Norway.

Incumbents
Monarch: Christian VII

Events
Jens Holmboe starts organized settling to the uninhabited Målselvdalen, from the Gudbrand Valley and Østerdalen.

Arts and literature

Births

11 July - Jonas Schanche Kielland, consul and politician (d.1848)
24 July - Knud Spødervold, author and lay preacher and leader of the Strong Believers (d.1852)
14 August - Frederik Holst, medical doctor (d.1871).
15 November - Peder Jensen Fauchald, politician (d.1856)
16 November - Olaf Rye, military officer (d.1849)

Full date unknown
Gjest Baardsen, outlaw, jail-breaker, non-fiction writer, songwriter and memoirist (died 1849).
Hans Glad Bloch, politician (d.1865)
Mikkel Johannesen Borge, politician
Martin Halvorsen Vee, politician
Arnt Arntsen Wang, politician

Deaths
25 December  – Claus Fasting, playwright, literary critic, editor and civil servant (born 1746)

See also

References


For the a Duchess of Brabant suo jure see Duke of Brabant

The Duchess of Brabant refers to a woman married to the Duke of Brabant.  But this was only as of 1840 when it was revived as an honorific title for the Crown Prince of the newly created Kingdom of Belgium.  There have been only three royal duchesses.

Historically the title went back 657 years before Belgium, and had been always associated with the wives of sovereign Dukes of Brabant, who were alive in their husband's reign.  In the Duchy's 611 years of existence, it only saw three Duchesses who reigned by their own right and three Dukes who rule by the virtue of their wives: Joanna, Mary the Rich, Mary II; and their husbands Wenceslaus of Luxemburg, Maximilian of Austria, Francis of Lorraine.  All these Dukes were reigning monarchs and not consorts.  Also there were the two Co-sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands Isabella and Albert.

Before the elevation to a Duchy, Brabant was a Landgraviate of the Holy Roman Empire. After the death on 20 September 1085 of Hermann II, count palatine of Lotharingia, Henry III of Leuven became landgrave of Brabant, which was an imperial fief between the Dender and the Zenne and his wife, Getrude of Flanders, became Landgravine.  Elevated to a Duchy by Frederick Barbarossa in favor of Henry I.  In 1190, after the death of Godfrey III, Henry I also became Duke of Lotharingia. Formerly Lower Lotharingia, this title was now practically without territorial authority, but was borne by the later Dukes of Brabant as an honorific title. In 1288, the Duchess of Brabant became also Duchess of Limburg. The title fell to the Duchess of Burgundy in 1430. Later on, it followed with the Burgundian inheritance through the Habsburg dynasty until 1794. After the 15th century the title became one of the many appanages associated with the Queen consorts of Spain and later the Holy Roman Empresses.  Queen Sofía of Spain and also the late Crown Princess Regina of Austria also has claims to the title.

Landgravine of Brabant

Duchess of Brabant

House of Leuven, 1183–1406

House of Valois, 1406–1482

House of Habsburg, 1482–1700

House of Bourbon, 1700–1706

House of Habsburg, 1706–1780

House of Habsburg-Lorraine, 1780–1794

Royal Duchesses of Brabant

See also
List of Belgian consorts
Duchess of Limburg
List of Lotharingian consorts
List of Burgundian consorts
List of consorts of Luxembourg
Countess of Flanders
Countess of Hollands

Brabant
Duchess
Titles


The Human Security Gateway is a database of research and information related to human security. Additions to the database are made daily, and it contains over 27,000 English and French-language resources related to conflict and human security. It is run by the Human Security Report Project.

Overview
The Gateway "focuses attention on threats stemming from violence to individuals and to societies at risk". It uses an approach to gathering and categorizing information that is complementary to the "broad" conception of human security; this is the same definition of human security that the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) used in its 1994 Human Development Report.

Content
The Gateway offers users catalogued resources including reports, journal articles, and fact sheets. Its coverage ranges from the global to national (and sub-national) levels. Information is available in English and French, and via presentation formats such as:
 Regional Gateways focusing on regions,
 National Gateways,
 Topical Gateways,
 Customizable Updates.

The Gateway can be searched by keyword, geographic region, or subject heading, and an abstract can be viewed before downloading the full-text of the article or report. Subscribers can be notified of additions to the database, filtered by topic, region, language, or format, with feeds provided by email and RSS news feed.

Topics include: child soldiers; climate change; conflict prevention; criminal violence; gender; governance; health; human rights; humanitarian intervention; international law; landmines; natural resources; peacekeeping; post-conflict peacebuilding; small arms; refugees; and terrorism.

See also
Human Security Report 2005
International Relations and Security Network

References

External links
Human Security Report Project
International Relations and Security Network (ISN)

Political research institutes
Peace and conflict studies
Simon Fraser University
Terrorism databases
Databases in Canada


Do Not Ignore the Potential is a split LP release by Los Angeles-based experimental punk band The Mae Shi and Indiana-based indie rock band Rapider Than Horsepower.

Track listing

The Mae Shi
 The Potential
 Don't Ignore the Potential
 Remarkably Dirty Animals
 Heartbeeps
 Massively Overwrought
 Nickel Arcade
 The Bear

Rapider Than Horsepower
 Split LP with Mae Shi
 The Real Party
 Look At Me
 Testify
 OOOOOOOHHHHHHH
 Something Dirty
 HA-CHEW
 $15.99
 Radio Activity
 Slow Motion and Descent
 N/A
 C'mon Give Me The Feeling

2006 albums
The Mae Shi albums
Rapider Than Horsepower albums
5 Rue Christine albums
Kill Rock Stars albums


Murphy Lake is a lake in Marinette County, Wisconsin. At an elevation of 719 feet (225 m), it contains panfish, largemouth bass, northern pike and trout and has a public boat ramp.

References

Lakes of Wisconsin
Bodies of water of Marinette County, Wisconsin


FC Türkiyemspor was a Dutch football club based in Amsterdam which was active from 1987 to 2009 when the club went bankrupt. The club quickly rose through the ranks of amateur football, winning four promotions between 1996 and 2002. Türkiyemspor won the Hoofdklasse title in its maiden season in 2002–03 and successfully defended the championship the year after. In 2004–05, Türkiyemspor were runners-up, only to regain the title the following season.

Change came when entrepreneur and chairman Nedim Imaç was assassinated on 17 February 2007. A week after his death, newspaper De Telegraaf reported that Imaç had been involved in heroin trade. Imaç was the club's biggest sponsor and his death led to financial troubles. Bills were unpaid and the club was on the verge of collapse. An attempt to make a new start appeared successful, but in February 2009, Türkiyemspor went bankrupt and was dissolved.

Former managers
 Robert Verbeek
 John de Wolf

See also
 Turks in the Netherlands
 Croydon Athletic, another club that was dissolved due to similar issues.

References

External links
 Official website

Defunct football clubs in the Netherlands
Football clubs in Amsterdam
Association football clubs established in 1987
Association football clubs disestablished in 2009
1987 establishments in the Netherlands
2009 disestablishments in the Netherlands
Turkish association football clubs outside Turkey


Iran's Strongest Man (), also called Mardān-e Āhanin; Persian: ), is the only televised annual strongman event in Iran, airs on Channel 3. Mohammadreza Fattah Hosseini, Reza Javdani, and Mohammad-Amin Nabiollahi have been the host of program so far. Faramarz Khodnegah is the official referee, assisted at times by Mehdi Fatemi (2005–2006), Mehrab Fatemi (2007–2009), and Ali Dadashi (2010). After six years of absence, the 12th period of the event takes place on Nowruz 2018.

Final results

Fair-play award winner

Records

 Most champion title:
Mehrab Fatemi (4 times)
Reza Gharaei (3 times)

 Most Runner-up title:
Mojtaba Maleki (3 times)
Ali Esmaeili and Moslem Darabi (2 times)

 Most participation in the Final:
Ali Esmaeili (7 times → 2005-2011)
Mohammad Mohammadi (6 times → 2005-2010)
Mehrab Fatemi (5 times → 1998, 2001, 2005-2006, 2010)
Rouhollah Dadashi (5 times → 2004, 2007-2010)

 Most consecutive wins:
Mehrab Fatemi, Reza Gharaei, Rouhollah Dadashi, and Moslem Darabi (2 times)

References

Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting original programming
Iranian television series
Sport in Iran
National strongmen competitions
2000s Iranian television series
1998 Iranian television series debuts
1990s Iranian television series
2010s Iranian television series
Persian-language television shows
1998 establishments in Iran
Recurring sporting events established in 1998


Sjøholmen is an area between Sandvika and Høvikodden in Bærum, Norway. Originally farmland, it was used as a residential property from 1898, and then for various municipal institutions since the 1970s.

History
The area is located east of Sandvika, west of Høvikodden and southwest of the population centre Blommenholm. In medieval times, Sjøholmen belonged to the farm Blommenholm, which in turn was a part of the estate Nesøygodset. A cotter's farm was later established at Sjøholmen. From 1872, when the Drammen Line was opened through Bærum, the largely rural municipality went through a suburbanization process. Jurist Carl Herman Halvorsen bought Blommenholm in the same year, and from 1876 he partitioned and sold parcels, mostly to town dwellers. Halvorsen—who also served as mayor of Bærum—then sold the entire Blommenholm farm in 1898, except for Sjøholmen, where he moved into a newly erected Swiss-style villa.

Halvorsen moved to the city in 1907, but some years later Sjøholmen was bought by automobile designer Clarin Mustad. Under his ownership, the property was used for fruit cultivation and poultry breeding. A stable and a bathing hut were erected, and the villa was redesigned in 1920 by architect Arnstein Arneberg. Also, a part of the garden was used as a private graveyard.

After Clarin Mustad's death in 1948 the property was passed on to his son, before being bought by Fred. Olsen in 1970. It was bought by Bærum municipality shortly thereafter. The property now houses several municipal-run institutions: the extracurricular Municipal School of Music and Culture; the alternative school Sandviksbukta; as well as Sjøholmen Maritime Center, where primary school children are educated in proper conduct at sea. The maritime center also rents out of boats and canoes. The islands south of Sandvika, chiefly Borøya, are accessible by canoe.

Transport
Sjøholmen is associated with boat transport, and the area is accessible by foot as a part of the so-called coastal pathway. Two parallel roads runs north of Sjøholmen, separating it from Blommenholm, namely the Norwegian National Road 164 and the European route E18 highway. Parts of the Sjøholmen property were consumed when the highway was built in 1963–1964.

In terms of public transport, Sjøholmen is served by the lines 151, 169 and 262 of the Ruter bus network; the proximate bus station is named Blommenholm. In addition, the town of Sandvika with its railway station is within walking distance.

References

Geography of Akershus
Bærum


Mark Jenkins (born 1960) is a Welsh musician and music writer. He has written interviews and instrument reviews for UK and international magazines including Melody Maker, New Musical Express, Music Week, International Musician, Keyboard (US), and Mac Format, and has also written a book, Analog Synthesizers, 2nd Edition 2019. He currently writes for the US magazine, Synth & Software.

Biography
Jenkins studied a Combined Arts course at university; he worked in the university television and electronic music studios to create his first live performances. Graduating with a BA Honours degree, he became Music Editor of the magazine Electronics & Music Maker. Working on other publications he interviewed artists including Philip Glass, Depeche Mode, Isao Tomita, Karlheinz Stockhausen and Duran Duran and reviewed instruments from Moog Music, Yamaha, Roland, Sequential Circuits and others. Many of these features have been archived by the Muzines website. He gave further live performances at London Olympia, the London Planetarium and the Queen Elizabeth Hall among other venues.

Jenkins formed the label AMP Music in 1983. He has performed with David Vorhaus as White Noise at venues including the Bochum Planetarium, Germany, and the All Tomorrow's Parties festival. He also performed at the Peter Harrison Planetarium at The Royal Observatory in 2009. In 2012 Taylor & Francis published a new book by Jenkins, iPad Music following his release of the world's first all-iPad CD album in October 2010, and the Analog Synthesizers book was revised and updated interviewing artists such as Suzanne Ciani, Paul Haslinger, Hans Zimmer and the composers of Stranger Things in 2019.

In 2020 Mark Jenkins launched the ZyXyZ Books imprint with the matching volumes "Tangerine Dream: 50 Years - The Ultimate Discography", "Klaus Schulze: 50 Years - The Ultimate Discography" and "Kraftwerk: 50 Years - The Ultimate Discography". All three books were sold around the world through Amazon.

Mark Jenkins lives in London and performs worldwide.

Albums
 Analog Archives (1986, re-mastered and expanded 2022)
 Space Dreams (1990, re-mastered and expanded 2022)
 Thunder at Midnight (1992)
 Mexico Rising (1994)
 Space Dreams 2 (1996)
 Moog Meditations (1998)
 Sequencer Loops (2003)
 Sequencer Loops 2 (2004)
 If The World Were Turned on Its Head, We Would Walk Among The Stars (2005)
 Live with Damo Suzuki at the Queen Elizabeth Hall (2005)
 Live in the USA (2006)
 This Island Earth (2007)
 Ghosts of Mars; Something Dancing in the Darkness (2008)
 The iPad Album (2010)
 EX1GENE (2012)
 CHANGE OF COSMIC ADDRESS: New Music In Tribute to Edgar Froese (w. Chris Jenkins) (2015)
 Mike Oldfield's TUBULAR BELLS for the MOOG SYNTHESIZER (2017)
 Influences (2018)
 Krautnoise; 1st (2019)
 Perpetual Music Vol. 1 (2019)
 CELLISTICA: 1st FLIGHT (w. Hannah Chappell, cello) (2020)
 MODULAR SESSIONS Nos. 1-9 (editor and contributor) (2022)

Selected concerts
 London Olympia, 1986
 London Planetarium, 1989
 Brazilia Teatro Nacional, 1992
 London Astoria, 1991 & 1992
 London Queen Elizabeth Hall, 2005
 Philadelphia Franklin Institute Planetarium, 2005
 Pittsburgh Carnegie Center Planetarium, 2005
 Long Island NY Vanderbilt Planetarium, 2006
 Bochum Planetarium, Germany, 2008
 Greenwich Planetarium, London, 2009
 E-Live Festival, the Netherlands, 2010
 APosition Festival, Russia, 2012
 Seventh Wave Festival, Birmingham, 2019
 Ommadawn 45 Mike Oldfield convention 2022

References

External links
 Mark Jenkins Website (2019)

1960 births
Living people
British rock keyboardists
Welsh keyboardists


The Cadwallader Range, originally named the Cadwallader Mountains, is a sub-range of the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains in the Bridge River-Lillooet Country of the South-Central Interior of British Columbia, Canada, located between the south end of Anderson Lake (E) and the Hurley River.  According to the provincial basemap, the precise alpine boundaries of the range are McGilliray Pass, at its eastern extremity and beyond which is the Bendor Range, and the pass between Noel and Sockeye Creeks on its west, which is immediately north of the lower end of Birkenhead Lake.  The officially unnamed range west of that has been called the Noel Range, after its main peak Mount Noel.  At the foot of the range along its northeast flank is Cadwallader Creek, scene of the historic and once-rich Bralorne and Pioneer Mines and the ghost town of Bralorne (a.k.a. Bralorne-Pioneer).

The range was named Cadwallader Mountains in 1917, and was renamed the Cadwallader Range in 1951.  The name is derived from that of the creek, which was named after a Welshman Evan Cadwallader, his surname ultimately derives from a medieval Welsh king Cadwaladr c.655 – 682 AD.

Evan was a prospector who visited the area in 1865 as a member of an exploration party of four, commissioned by Governor Seymour to investigate mining potentials in the area, and who lived afterwards at Moodyville.  A post office named for him operated from 1900 to 1902 somewhere along the creek's course, but its exact location is unknown.

See also
Birkenhead Peak
Chief Hunter Jack
Mount Aragorn
Mount Gandalf
Mount Shadowfax

References

Mountain ranges of British Columbia
Lillooet Country
Pacific Ranges


In statistics, the interdecile range is the difference between the first and the ninth deciles (10% and 90%).  The interdecile range is a measure of statistical dispersion of the values in a set of data, similar to the range and the interquartile range, and can be computed from the (non-parametric) seven-number summary.

Despite its simplicity, the interdecile range of a sample drawn from a normal distribution can be divided by 2.56 to give a reasonably efficient estimator of the standard deviation of a normal distribution.  This is derived from the fact that the lower (respectively upper) decile of a normal distribution with arbitrary variance is equal to the mean minus (respectively, plus) 1.28 times the standard deviation.

A more efficient estimator is given by instead taking the 7% trimmed range (the difference between the 7th and 93rd percentiles) and dividing by 3 (corresponding to 86% of the data falling within ±1.5 standard deviations of the mean in a normal distribution); this yields an estimator having about 65% efficiency. Analogous measures of location are given by the median, midhinge, and trimean (or statistics based on nearby points).

See also
Interquartile range
Robust measures of scale
Standard deviation
Statistical analysis

References

Scale statistics


Huka is a genus of South Pacific funnel weavers first described by Raymond Robert Forster & C. L. Wilton in 1973.

Species
 it contains five species, all found in New Zealand:
Huka alba Forster & Wilton, 1973 — New Zealand
Huka lobata Forster & Wilton, 1973 — New Zealand
Huka minima Forster & Wilton, 1973 — New Zealand
Huka minuta Forster & Wilton, 1973 — New Zealand
Huka pallida Forster & Wilton, 1973 — New Zealand

References

Agelenidae
Araneomorphae genera
Taxa named by Raymond Robert Forster


Hyder Bux Jatoi (; ), 7 October 1901 – 21 May 1970) was a revolutionary, leftist, peasant leader in Sindh, Pakistan. He is known as "Baba-e-Sindh" (Father of Sindh). He was also a Sindhi writer and poet. He was for many years the president of the Sindh Hari Committee (Sindh Peasants Committee), a constituent member of the National Awami Party.

Early life
Hyder Bux Jatoi was born on 7 October 1901 in Bakhodero village near Mohenjo-daro in Larkana District. As his mother, Sahib Khatoon died soon after his birth, he was brought up by his father and aunts. Soon after, on completing his primary school, the young lad joined the Sindh Madarsah School at Larkana, where he topped the list of successful examinees every year. He topped the Sindh vernacular final examination in 1918 among candidates from all over Sindh and then won his first position in Sindh at the matriculation examination from the Bombay University in 1923.

He studied at the D. J. Science College, Karachi, and remained a resident boarder in Metharam Hostel attached to the college. He graduated in 1927 with honours in literature and won distinction in Persian from the Bombay University. He served as editor of the college miscellany and won the annual award for writing a poem called "college kabootar" (the college pigeon). Throughout his student life at Larkana and Karachi, he was a scholarship holder.

Hyder Bux Jatoi resigned from the post as deputy collector in the British colonial government in 1945 to lead the Sindh peasants’ rights movement Hyder Bux Jatoi translation of the Quran in English.
in 1947  during a conference of farmers to demand that they receive a half share of the yield. The Hari Conference in started in Judho on 22 June 1947. Mai Bakhtawar was murdered.

He married his cousin Sammul at the age of 27. They had five sons, Mustafa, Mazhar Ali, Dadan, Hatim, and Murtaza.

Sindh Hari Committee

The subhuman conditions of harees (farmers) and tillers of the land led him to resign from his job in 1945 and to join the Sindh Hari Party.

He began his career in social service and politics as a member of the Indian National Congress.

"We are now passing through the same stage in the history of our economic life through which the leading nations of Europe passed more than 400 years ago, this showed how backward we were, and have been kept where we are."

This poem, too was translated by Jatoi himself:

"The infidels are rejoicing, show sense of honour

The seekers are suffering pains, show some love

The devotees are dying of thirst, show some mercy

Show some differentiation in The friendship and the enmity".

His poetry "Jeay Sindh aen jeay Sindh, Jam-e-Muhabat pieay Sindh"  was sung by Sindhi folk singer Zarina Baloch.

Death
He died on 21 May 1970 at Hyder Manzil, Hyder chowk, Hyderabad. He had written his epitaph before his death, which was read at his funeral:

"O death you have cooled every vein and vessel of mine,
Be happy O friend without you rest in life is not possible."

His wife Mumtaz Hyder died five months later and was buried beside him.

See also
Mai Bakhtawar

References

Pakistani politicians
Pakistani writers
Sindhi people
Pakistani communists
1901 births
1970 deaths
Baloch people


East Coker is the second poem of T. S. Eliot's 1943 book Four Quartets. It was started as a way for Eliot to get back into writing poetry and was modelled after Burnt Norton. It was finished during early 1940 and printed in the UK in the Easter edition of the 1940 New English Weekly, and in the US in the May 1940 issue of Partisan Review. The title refers to a small community that was directly connected to Eliot's ancestry and was home to a church that was later to house Eliot's ashes.

The poem discusses time and disorder within nature that is the result of humanity following only science and not the divine. Leaders are described as materialistic and unable to understand reality. The only way for mankind to find salvation is through pursuing the divine by looking inwards and realizing that humanity is interconnected. Only then can people understand the universe.

Background

In 1939 T. S. Eliot thought that he would be unable to continue writing poetry. In an attempt to see if he could still, he started copying aspects of Burnt Norton and substituted another place: East Coker, a place that Eliot visited in 1937 with the St Michael's Church, where his ashes were later kept. The place held a particular importance to Eliot and his family because Andrew Eliott, Eliot's ancestor, left the town to travel to America in 1669. A plaque dedicated to Eliot and his ashes reads "In my beginning is my end. Of your kindness, pray for the soul of Thomas Stearns Eliot, poet. In my end is my beginning."

He managed to complete two sections by February 1940, but finished the rest during that month. John Davy Hayward, Herbert Read and others helped review and edit it. East Coker was published in the March 1940 New English Weekly for its Easter edition. It was later reprinted May and June, and it was published on its own by Faber and Faber in September. With the completion of the poem, Eliot began creating the Four Quartets as a series of four poems based on the same theme with Burnt Norton as the first in the series and East Coker as the second.

Poem
East Coker is described as a poem of late summer, earth, and faith. As in the other poems of the Four Quartets, each of the five sections holds a theme that is common to each of the poems: time, experience, purgation, prayer, and wholeness. The time theme is stated in the first section as 'In my beginning is my end' which, given proper attention, might prove to lead into the eternal moment.

The second section discusses disorder within nature, which is opposite to the discussion of order within nature found in the second section of Burnt Norton. Also, rational knowledge itself is described as being inadequate for explaining reality. Those who pursue only reason and science are ignorant. Even our progress is not progress as we continue to repeat the same errors as the past.

The third section discusses the rulers of secular society and their flaws. The fourth, which is a formal section, deploys a series of Baroque paradoxes in the context of the Good Friday mass. This past manner is regarded ironically by the poet in the fifth section as he looks back on his period of experimentation in 'the years of l'entre deux guerres''' as 'largely wasted'. He welcomes approaching old age as a new opportunity to find renewal, although it might only be a rediscovery of 'what has been lost and found and lost again'.

Despite the poem's doubt and darkness, a note of hope is struck by the first line of the fifth section, 'So here I am in the middle way'. This refers to the first line of Dante's Inferno, 'Midway in our life's journey, I went astray'. Although the descent is predicated on going astray, so also is persevering beyond it into the light.

ThemesEast Coker gives a message of hope that the English communities would survive through World War II. In a letter dated 9 February 1940, Eliot stated, "We can have very little hope of contributing to any immediate social change; and we are more disposed to see our hope in modest and local beginnings, than in transforming the whole world at once... We must keep alive aspirations which can remain valid throughout the longest and darkest period of universal calamity and degradation." The poem also relied on the war as a way to connect to Eliot's idea that there was a united humanity. In particular, Stephen Spender claimed that "the war modified [Eliot's] attitude by convincing him that there was a Western cause to be positively defended. And after the war there was a Germany to be brought back within the Western tradition".

The poem served as a sort of opposite to the popular idea that The Waste Land served as an expression of disillusionment after World  War I, even though Eliot never accepted this interpretation. World War II itself has a direct mention in only a few of Eliot's writings. However, World War II does affect the poem, especially with the disruption caused by the war being reflected within the poem as a disruption of nature and heaven. The poem describes society in ways similar to The Waste Land, especially with its emphasis on death and dying. The place is connected to where Eliot's family originates, and, as such, is also the place where his family will symbolically end. In the second part of the poem, nature is experiencing disorder, and it is suggested that humans too may burn, and also that reason, knowledge, and science cannot save people. The errors of our past become the reasons for war and conflict and we need to become humble in order to escape the destruction. However, darkness consumes the rulers of the world and society. This is, in part, due to Adam's fall, and the resulting concept of original sin. Christ is our savior and we need to seek redemption to overcome our human failings. Eliot states that he has been involved with fighting for humanity and trying to help mankind learn what is important. Only through Christ is man able to be redeemed.

In a twist from expectation, Eliot's poem suggests that old men should go out and explore. He warns that people should trade wisdom for pointless experience and argues that men should explore human experience itself. This concept is hinted of in The Waste Land and draws from the ideas within Dante's Convivio. Dante argues that old men are supposed to return to God and describes the process in a way similar to the travels of Odysseus. Unlike Homer's hero, Dante argues that men should not travel in the material world but in the spiritual world. Both Dante and Eliot put forth a similar view to St. Augustine when they focus on internal travels. Through these travels, mankind is able to have faith in salvation and able to see that there is more to the world than darkness. Eliot explains within the poem that we are all interconnected through time and that we must realize this. Only through this realization is mankind able to understand the truth of the universe. This, in turn, would allow humanity to break free from the burden of time. As Russell Kirk explains: "That end, for those who apprehend a reality superior to 'birth, copulation, and death'—a reality transcending the rhythms of physical nature—is to know God and enjoy Him forever."

Family and family history also play an important role in the poem. Eliot found information on his family from Sketch of the Eliot Family, which described how Eliot's family lived in East Coker for 200 years. When Andrew Eliott left, he disrupted the family history. Similarly, Eliot broke from his own family when he travelled away from his family, a family that he saw was declining. Within the poem, Eliot emphasizes the need for a journey and the need for inward change.

Sources
According to Eliot the poetic aspects of the poem are grounded in the tradition of John Cleveland, Edward Benlowes, William Blake, and William Butler Yeats's early work. Additionally, many of the images are connected to the poetry of Stéphane Mallarmé. In terms of theology, Eliot is orthodox in his theory and relies primarily on the writings of St Augustine. There are some additional influences from the works of Thomas Browne and Saint John of the Cross. In applying these views upon society, Eliot was heavily influenced by the writings of Christopher Dawson and Dawson's reliance on understanding God as the first step to a better society.

Besides the many literary sources, Eliot also draws on his personal feelings and experience, especially on the great stress that he felt while composing the poem. Similarly, Eliot used the image of pilgrims coming to America and the stories of them that were common throughout his childhood. In particular, his mother wrote poems about the pilgrims arriving in New England, and Eliot found information related to his family's history in a book called Sketch of the Eliot Family. The location, East Coker, was where Andrew Eliott, T. S. Eliot's ancestor, left when joining the pilgrimage.

Part two of the poem also finds inspiration in the motto of Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, "In my end is my beginning," which was woven on tapestries (arras) in the various residences she occupied while she lived in exile in England. Like Mary Stuart several centuries earlier, Eliot was an ex-pat poet living as a Catholic in England.

ReceptionEast Coker sold almost 12,000 copies during its initial publication. Eliot's response was to claim that its popularity proved that it was a bad poem. Regardless of the truthfulness of the statement, he enjoyed the fact that the poem could inspire people during the war. Upon receiving an essay from a schoolboy analysing East Coker, Eliot wrote a complimentary reply, praising the boy's review despite his interpretation of the poem differing from Eliot's. Eliot's friend, Emily Hale, liked the poem so much that she read the poem to her Smith College students "as if it were a love-letter from God".

Early reviews focused on discussing the poem in terms of its content and not its style. In the Southern Review, James Johnson Sweeney,  Spring 1941, and Curist Bradford, Winter 1944, discussed paraphrases of the poems and the sources of various passages.   However, Andrews Wanning, Spring 1941, stated that Burnt Norton was a better poem than East Coker and that "'Burnt Norton' is a poem of suggestion, 'East Coker' a poem of argument and explanation". Another American critic, Delmore Schwartz, did not appreciate the tone within East Coker, especially that expressed in the fifth section.

Notes

References
 Ackroyd, Peter. T. S. Eliot: A Life. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1984.
 Bergonzi, Bernard. T. S. Eliot. New York: Macmillan Company, 1972.
 Gordon, Lyndall. T. S. Eliot: An Imperfect Life. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2000.
 Grant, Michael. T. S. Eliot: The Critical Heritage. New York: Routledge, 1997.
 Kirk, Russell. Eliot and His Age. Wilmington: ISA Books, 2008.
 Manganiello, Dominic. T. S. Eliot and Dante. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989.
 Pinion, F. B. A T. S. Eliot Companion''. London: MacMillan, 1986.

1940 poems
Christian poetry
Modernist poems
Poetry by T. S. Eliot
Works originally published in The New English Weekly
British poems


The PAIN Exhibit "is an educational, visual arts exhibit from artists with chronic pain with their art expressing some facet of the pain experience. The mission of the PAIN Exhibit is to educate health care providers and the public about chronic pain through art," and to give a voice to those who have chronic pain.

The undertreatment of pain is a public health issue with an estimated 75 million Americans suffering from chronic nonmalignant pain.

The PAIN Exhibit was started in 2001 by Mark Collen, and the PainExhibit.com website was created by James Gregory. The site was launched  and is available in both English and Spanish languages. PainExhibit.com currently contains 92 art images which are divided amongst nine themes.

Since its inception in 2001, Mark Collen has worked to further the mission of the PAIN Exhibit by writing articles for pain publications, as well as producing the patient brochure, “So You’ve Got Chronic Pain…What’s Next?” which was edited by Steven Feinberg, MD.

Press
Since 2003, the PAIN Exhibit has been included in over two dozen publications, including the Sacramento News and Review, the Sacramento Bee, the Buenos Aires Herald, and the New York Times.

PAIN Exhibit art images have donned 19 covers on pain journals. It has been featured on the cover of the Pain Practitioner, Arts and Learning Research Journal, and PAIN. PAIN Exhibit art also appeared regularly on the cover of the Journal of Pain and Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy between 2005 and 2008.

Other articles covering the PAIN Exhibit include the Brazilian publication IstoE’ and an Italian publication Panorama .

References

External links
Florida Pain
IASP Pain
Pain
Pain Exhibit
AM Pain Society
Pain Topics

Visual arts exhibitions
Pain


"Another You" is a song written by Brad Paisley before his own solo career started, and recorded by American country music artist David Kersh.  It was released in January 1997 as the third single from his debut studio album Goodnight Sweetheart.  The song reached #3 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart and #14 on the Canadian RPM Country Tracks chart.

Chart performance
"Another You" debuted at number 65 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of January 18, 1997.

Year-end charts

References

1997 singles
David Kersh songs
Songs written by Brad Paisley
Curb Records singles
1996 songs


Patrick Francis Kelleher (12 December 1891 – 19 June 1958) was an Irish hurler. At club level he played with Shamrocks and was also a member of the Cork senior hurling team.

Career

Kelleher first played hurling at club level with the Shamrocks club. He first appeared on the inter-county scene as a member of the Cork junior hurling team at various stages between 1911 and 1915. Kelleher joined the Cork senior hurling team during the team's successful 1919 Munster SHC campaign. He lined out in all except one of Cork's championship games that year, including the 1919 All-Ireland final defeat of Dublin. Kelleher won a second successive Munster SHC title the following year but ended up on the losing side in the 1920 All-Ireland final after a defeat by Dublin.

Death

Kelleher died from a heart attack at the South Infirmary on 19 June 1958, aged 66.

Honours

Cork
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship: 1919
Munster Senior Hurling Championship: 1919, 1920

References

1891 births
1958 deaths
Shamrock's hurlers
Cork inter-county hurlers
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship winners


Murphy Lakes may refer to:
Murphy Lakes (Georgia)
Murphy Lakes (Washington)
Murphy Lakes (Wyoming)
Haynach Lakes
Snowdrift Lake

See also
Murphy Lake (disambiguation)


Murphy Lakes is a group of lakes in Lincoln County, Wyoming, United States. Murphy Lakes lie at an elevation of 6762 feet (2061 m).

References

Lakes of Wyoming
Lakes of Lincoln County, Wyoming


The FAI Cup 1934/35 was the fourteenth edition of Ireland's premier cup competition, The Football Association of Ireland Challenge Cup or FAI Cup. The tournament began on 13 January 1935 and concluded on 14 April with the final held at Dalymount Park, Dublin. An official attendance of 22,000 people watched Bohemians defeat Dundalk in a high-scoring finale.

First round

Second round

Semi-finals

Replay

Final

Notes
A.  From 1923-1936, the FAI Cup was known as the Free State Cup.

B.  Attendances were calculated using gate receipts which limited their accuracy as a large proportion of people, particularly children, attended football matches in Ireland throughout the 20th century for free by a number of means.

References
General

External links
FAI Website

1934-35
1934–35 in Irish association football
FAI Cup


Pseudonaja nuchalis, the northern brown snake or gwardar, is a species of very fast, highly venomous elapid snake native to Australia. Its colour and pattern are rather variable, depending largely on its location.

The name gwardar is a word meaning "go the long way around" in an Aboriginal language . This may be regarded as advice for people who come across the species in the wild: that is, while P. nuchalis is generally cautious, shy, and inclined to retreat rather than attack, it will defend itself if cornered.

Description
The northern brown snake grows up to   in total length (including tail). Its back can feature shades of orange-brown with flecks and bands, or appear plain. Its belly is cream to orange with pink blotches. Some individuals have jet black heads (this can cause it to be confused with the black-headed python), while others feature a black 'V' shape on the back of their neck, below their head.

Distribution and habitat
The northern brown snake has a wide distribution and is found across the north of the Australian continent, including the Northern Territory, Queensland and Western Australia.

The northern brown snake is a ground-dwelling snake that prefers drier habitats, but is also found in coastal eucalypt forests, woodlands, and grasslands. Although the northern brown is not an arboreal species,  it is not uncommon for it to  climb small shrubs or trees. It also hides in crevices and under rocks, and in urban areas can be found under rubbish or tin piles.

Diet
Pseudonaja nuchalis preys upon small mammals and reptiles, including lizards and mice.

Lifespan and reproduction
Little is known about the northern brown snake's lifespan. Mating season is roughly from September to November and the female usually produces around 11-14 eggs, but may produce up to 38.

Venom and symptoms
Although the northern brown snake's venom is not the most toxic in the brown snake genus, its average delivery contains a relatively high quantity of venom; thus the northern brown snake has high potential to deliver a deadly bite. Its venom contains neurotoxins, nephrotoxins, and a procoagulant, although humans are not usually affected by the neurotoxins. The bite is usually painless and difficult to see due to their small fangs. Human symptoms of a northern brown snake bite are headache, nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain, severe coagulopathy, and sometimes kidney damage. In dogs and cats, paralysis is also likely to occur.

Behaviour
The northern brown snake is known to be very aggressive when disturbed or threatened, but like most snakes, usually prefers to retreat from danger. It may develop nocturnal habits during the warmer months, but is otherwise active during the day and enjoys sunlight. The  snake has also been known to practise cannibalism, although this is not common. Northern brown snakes kill their prey with a combination of venom and constriction.

References

Further reading
Boulenger GA (1896). Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III., Containing the Colubridæ (Opisthoglyphæ and Proteroglyphæ), ... London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xiv + 727 pp. + Plates I-XXV. (Diemenia nuchalis, pp. 326–327).
Günther A (1858). Catalogue of the Colubrine Snakes in the Collection of the British Museum. London: Trustees of the British Museum. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xvi+ 281 pp. (Pseudonaja nuchalis, new species, pp. 227–228).

nuchalis
Reptiles of Western Australia
Reptiles described in 1858
Taxa named by Albert Günther
Snakes of Australia