Elmer Belmont "Ned" Potter (27 December 1908 – 22 November 1997) was an American historian and writer.

Potter was the leading naval historian at the United States Naval Academy from the late 1940s to the mid-1970s. He was editor of the Naval Academy's textbook on naval history, Sea Power: A Naval History, in collaboration with Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz.

Career
Born in Norfolk, Virginia to Judson Rice Potter, a grocer, and Fannie (née Beacham) Potter, he attended the University of Richmond, where he completed his B.A. degree in 1929.  Known as "Ned" among family and friends, Potter taught history in high schools between 1931–41, before completing his Master of Arts degree in history at the University of Chicago in 1940.

In 1941, Potter joined the U.S. Naval Reserve  and was assigned to the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland, where he began to teach history. With the exception of three years service in the Pacific theater in 1943–45, Potter spent his entire career at the Naval Academy until he retired in 1977.

While at the Naval Academy he married Grace Brauer (8 August 1925 – 25 February 1997), on 21 May 1954, with whom he had two daughters: Katherine Anne, Lorraine Frances.

Potter lectured widely on naval history and was a member of the U.S. Naval Institute, the American Historical Association, and the American Association of University Professors.

Potter died of congestive heart failure in Annapolis, Maryland.

Awards
 1977: Author Award of Merit, U.S. Naval Institute, for Nimitz
 1977: Alfred Thayer Mahan Award for Literary Achievement, Navy League of the United States

Published works
 American Sea Power Since 1775, Allan Ferguson Westcott, ed. Lippincott, 1947.
 The United States and World Sea Power, by Henry H. Adams [and others] E.B. Potter, editor; J.R. Fredland, assistant editor. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1955.
 Sea Power: A Naval History, Associate editor: Chester W. Nimitz; assistant editors: J.R. Fredland [and] Henry H. Adams. Authors: Henry H. Adams [and others].  Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1960. 2nd ed. 1981, .
 The Great Sea War: The Story of Naval Action in World War II, edited by E.B. Potter and Chester W. Nimitz.  Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1960; New York : Bramhall House, 1960.
 Triumph in the Pacific: The Navy's Struggle Against Japan, edited by E.B. Potter and Chester W. Nimitz.  Spectrum book, S-66. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1963.
 The Naval Academy Illustrated History of the United States Navy, New York: Crowell, 1971; New York, Galahad Books, [1971].
 Seemacht: Eine Seekriegsgeschichte von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart, von Elmar [sic] B. Potter und Chester W. Nimitz; Deutsche Fassung hrsg. im Auftrag des Arbeitskreises für Wehrforschung von Jürgen Rohwer. München: Bernard & Graefe, 1974. (The most important of the several translations of Sea Power, this edition is greatly expanded and extensively corrected).
 Nimitz, Naval Institute Press, 1976; 2008.
 Bull Halsey, Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1985; 2003.
 Admiral Arleigh Burke, New York: Random House, 1990; 2004.

References
 Contemporary Authors.

Footnotes

External links
E. B. Potter Papers, 1943–1991 MS 335 held by Special Collections & Archives, Nimitz Library at the United States Naval Academy

1908 births
1997 deaths
University of Richmond alumni
University of Chicago alumni
American naval historians
United States Navy officers
United States Naval Academy faculty
Writers from Norfolk, Virginia
20th-century American historians
20th-century American male writers
American male non-fiction writers
Historians from Virginia


Laser is a genus of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native from Europe to northern Iran. The genus was first described in 1799.

Species
, Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:
Laser affine (Ledeb.) Wojew. & Spalik
Laser archangelica (Wulfen) Spalik & Wojew.
Laser carduchorum (Hedge & Lamond) Wojew. & Spalik
Laser involucratum (Pall. ex Schult.) Spalik & Wojew.
Laser panjutinii (Manden. & Schischk.) Banasiak, Wojew. & Spalik
Laser stevenii (Fisch. & Trautv.) Wojew. & Spalik
Laser trilobum (L.) Borkh.

References

Apioideae
Apioideae genera


Vika is a neighborhood in the Oslo city center in Norway. It is located between the Royal Palace, Oslo, Oslofjord, Aker Brygge, Pipervika, Slottsparken, Oslo City Hall, Oslo Concert Hall and borders on the north with Karl Johans gate, the main street of the city of Oslo which hosts Norwegian Parliament Building as well as known for being the hub to major Scandinavian brands, bars and hotels including Grand Hotel, the annual venue of the winner of Nobel Peace Prize and various state dignitaries.

Vika is home to historical architectural monuments such as Victoria Terrasse. The new building for Norway's National Museum of Art, Architecture and Design, which is the largest art museum in the Nordic region and host to exclusive collection of world renowned artists such as Edvard Munch, is in the same vicinity. Vika falls within Frogner administrative district of Oslo which is deemed as one of city's most expensive, upscale and exclusive neighborhood with a handful of period properties. Over the years, several residential properties have been occupied by various embassies, high end restaurants and art galleries.

The area is dominated by public institutions, such as the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Oslo City Hall and the Embassy of the United States in Oslo. There are also a number of cultural institutions, such as the Nobel Peace Center and Oslo Concert Hall while the National Theatre (Oslo) is also within a short walking distance . Vika was also the location of the former Western Railway Station. The Vika Line of the Oslo Tramway runs through the area.

Neighbourhoods of Oslo


Irish medical families were hereditary practitioners of professional medicine in Gaelic Ireland, between 1100 and 1700.

Overview

Professional medical practitioners in the Gaelic world of Ireland and Scotland was mainly the preserve of a small number of learned families who passed the profession down generation by generation. This principle was practised by other learned families of poets, historians, musicians, and lawyers.

According to Aoibheann Nic Dhonnchadha:

These kindreds were involved in medical practise over successive generations, and, collectively, were responsible for the organisation and regulation of medical schools, the formation and development of a curriculum, the practical training of students, and the translation, composition and transmission of medical texts. Physicians enjoyed a high legal status in Gaelic society, and were supported by the hereditary tenure of lands that were granted to them by the landowning aristocracy in exchange for medical services ... While the precise nature and effectiveness of the treatment they gave their patients is unclear, the quality of the intellectual training Irish doctors received in their professional medicals schools was high. They were well equipped to offer their aristocratic employers a medical service that was informed by the best of contemporary scientific learning.

The families

Each province in Ireland had a number of families associated with medical practise. This list is not exhaustive:

Connacht:
 Mac an Leagha (MacKinley, MacAlee,); Mac Beatha (Mac Veigh); Ó Ceanndubháin (Canavan); Ó Cearnaigh (Kearney); Ó Fearghusa (Fergus) Ó Maoil Tuile/Mac Maoil Tuile (Tully, Flood); Ó Laoi/O Laidhigh/O Laoidig (O'Lee/Lee)

Donegal:
 Mac Duinnshléibhe (Donlevy/McNulty) (after 1177 A.D.)

Leinster:
 Mac Caisín (Cashin, Cash); Ó Bolgaidhe (Bolger) Ó Conchubhair (O Connor); Ó Cuileamhaim (Culhoun, Cullen)

Munster:
 Ó Callanáin (Callanan); Ó hÍceadha (Hickey) Ó Leighin (Lane), Ó Nialláin (Nealon) and Ó Troighthigh (Troy)

Ulster (Ulidia):
 Mac Duinnshléibhe (Dunleavy/MacNulty) Ó Caiside (Cassidy); Ó Siadhail (Shields)

The texts

Aoibheann Nic Dhonnchadha writes:

The extensive corpus of medical writing that survives in Irish comprises more than a hundred manuscripts written during the period c. 1400 to c. 1700. These documents, most of which are housed in Irish libraries, are the most important written record extant for the institutional organisation and medical practise of physicians in late medieval and early modern Ireland and Scotland.

Among those that survive are:

 RIA MS 439 (3 C 19) – written by Risteard Ó Conchubhair (1561–1625) and Giolla Pádraig mac Donnchadh Óg Ó Conchubhair
 NLS 73.1.22 – by Donnchadh Albanach Ó Conchubhair (1571–1647)
 RIA ms 996 (23 N 17)
 TCD ms 1372 – partly written by Giolla Pádraig mac Giolla na Naomh Ó Conchubhair
 NLI G 11 – written mainly by Donnchadh Ó Bolgaidhe, fl. 1466–75.
 NLI G 12
 RIA MS 23 P 10 ii – The Book of the Ó Lee's or The Book of Hy Brasil
 Liber Flavus Fergusiorum – compiled by in the 14th century by the Ó  Fearghusa of Connacht.

See also

 Crichaireacht cinedach nduchasa Muintiri Murchada lists the families of Ó Ceanndubháin and Ó Laoi as physicians to Ó Flaithbhertaigh
 Medieval medicine of Western Europe
 Domhnall Albanach Ó Troighthigh (fl. 1482), Irish scribe and physician
 Donnchadh Óg Ó Conchubhair
 Corc Ó Cadhla, fl. 1577-78
 Cormac MacDonlevy

References

Sources
 Diarmaid O Cathain (1988) John Fergus MD: Eighteenth-century Doctor, Book Collector and Irish Scholar in J.R.I.A. 118
 Aoibheann Nic Dhonnchadha (1999) Medical Writing in Irish, 1400–1700, School of Celtic Studies.
 Aoibheann Nic Dhonnchadha (2000) Medical writing in Irish, J. B. Lyons (ed.), Two thousand years of Irish medicine, Dublin.
 Aoibheann Nic Dhonnchadha (2006) The medical school of Aghmacat, Queen's County, Ossory, Laois and Leinster 2, 11–43.
 Katherine Simms, Medical Schools, p. 37, Medieval Ireland:An Encyclopedia, ed. Sean Duffy, 2005.

External links
Royal Irish Academy MS 23 p. 10 (ii) (The Book of The O'Lees or The Book of Hy Brasil)
 Irish Medical Doctors

Irish families


Sir Pierce Butler, 4th Baronet of Cloughgrenan (a townland near Carlow), PC (Ire) (1670 – 17 April 1732) was an Irish politician and baronet.

He was the eldest son of Sir Thomas Butler, 3rd Baronet and his wife Jane Boyle, daughter of the Right Reverend Richard Boyle, Bishop of Leighlin and Ferns. In 1691, Butler was educated at Trinity College Dublin and  Lincoln's Inn.  In 1704, he succeeded his father as baronet. Butler represented County Carlow in the Irish House of Commons from 1703 to 1715. In 1712, he was invested to the Privy Council of Ireland.

Marriage
In December 1697, he married Anne Galliard, daughter of Joshua Galliard. Butler died without male issue and thus the baronetcy went to his nephew Richard.

See also
 Butler dynasty

References

1670 births
1732 deaths
Pierce
Politicians from County Carlow
Irish MPs 1703–1713
Irish MPs 1713–1714
Members of Lincoln's Inn
17th-century Irish people
Baronets in the Baronetage of Ireland
Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Carlow constituencies
Members of the Privy Council of Ireland
Butler baronets, of Cloughgrenan
Alumni of Trinity College Dublin


Traxx may refer to
Alstom Traxx, formerly Bombardier TRAXX, a family of locomotives
American Dance Traxx, an American dance music countdown program
TraxX, a South Korean electronic dance music group
Traxx (film), a 1988 film with Shadoe Stevens and Priscilla Barnes
Traxx (video game), a computer maze game released in 1983 by Quicksilva
TraXX FM, a radio station operated by Radio Televisyen Malaysia
Traxx Radio, a former independent digital media broadcaster based in Brisbane, Australia
Y-Traxx, a defunct band

See also

 Trax (disambiguation)


Pascalis Romanus (or Paschal the Roman) was a 12th-century priest, medical expert, and dream theorist, noted especially for his Latin translations of Greek texts on theology, oneirocritics, and related subjects. An Italian working in Constantinople, he served as a Latin interpreter for Emperor Manuel I Komnenos.

Oneirocriticism
Pascalis compiled the Liber thesauri occulti, a Latin book on dream interpretation, in 1165 but appears not to have completed it himself. The second book and the first part of the third were translated or adapted from the Oneirocriticon of Achmet and the classical treatise of Artemidoros. His are the earliest known Latin translations of excerpts from Artemidoros. In the first part of the work, Pascalis also draws on Aristotle, quoting from what he refers to as the liber de naturis animalium.

Pascalis works within the dream classification system of Macrobius:
somnium, a dream requiring interpretation
visio, a vision that comes true
oraculum, a prophetic dream mediated by authority
insomnium, a false or misleading dream caused by bodily disturbance
visum, a nightmare with supernatural contact
Elaborating on the three "true" types, Pascalis distinguishes each by the degree to which the soul achieves liberty from the body and by literary mode. In the somnium, the soul perceives the future allegorically; in the visio, historically; and in the oraculum, prophetically. The future can sometimes be revealed directly, but often dreams rely on integument, allegory, and figure. Pascalis quotes the Solomon of the occult tradition as saying:

What Solomon means, Pascalis goes on to explain, is not that we should avoid the interpretation of dreams, but rather that we should recognize that littera occidit, spiritus autem vivificat ("the letter kills, but the spirit brings to life" ). Reason allows us to investigate the truth that is symbolized.

Steven Kruger has discussed the dream theory of Pascalis in the context of medical discourse, or "somatization," resulting from the introduction of new medical and scientific texts to Europe. While the Liber thesauri occulti draws on the tradition of humors, Pascalis goes beyond the connection Macrobius makes between insomnium and hunger or thirst to offer an elaborate psychosomatics. Where Macrobius had explained the visum in terms of an incubus, Pascalis offers a complex medical explanation involving blood circulation, the bodily position of the sleeper, and humoral disposition.

Other translations
In 1169, Pascalis translated the Cyranides, a Hermetic magico-medical compilation. In his preface, he summarized his method:

Other Latin translations from Greek by Pascalis include the Ystoria Beate Virginis Marie by the 8th–9th-century priest and monk Epiphanios and the Disputatio contra Judaeos attributed (with difficulties of chronology) to Anastasios of Sinai.

Editions
 Collin-Roset, S. "Le Liber thesauri occulti de Pascalis Romanus (Un traité d'interprétation des songes du XIIe siècle)".  Archives d'histoire doctrinale et littéraire du Moyen Age 30 (1963) 111–198.

Selected bibliography
The Occult Sciences in Byzantium. Edited by Paul Magdalino and Maria Mavroudi. Geneva: La Pomme d'or, 2006. Limited preview online.
 Thomas Ricklin, Der Traum der Philosophie im 12. Jahrhundert. Traumtheorien zwischen Constantinus Africanus and Aristoteles. Leiden/Boston/Cologne 1998, esp. pp. 247–270.

References

Oneirologists
12th-century Byzantine people
12th-century writers in Latin
Italian medical writers
Officials of Manuel I Komnenos
Interpreters
12th-century translators
12th-century Italian physicians
12th-century Italian writers


The Badshot Range is a subrange of the Duncan Ranges of the Selkirk Mountains of the Columbia Mountains in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located west of Duncan Lake and Westfall River east of Trout Lake.

Peaks of this range include:

References

Selkirk Mountains


KZGD (1390 AM) is an American radio station licensed to serve Salem, Oregon, United States.  The station, founded in 1934 as KSLM, is currently owned by Iglesia Pentecostal Vispera del Fin.  KZGD broadcasts a Regional Mexican format.

History

The beginning
The station was founded in October 1934 as KSLM, a 100-watt daytime AM station broadcasting on 1370 kHz in Salem, Oregon. Owner Harry B. Read added nighttime operation in 1935.  In May 1937, the Christian Science Monitor made special note that KSLM's careful commercial policy stood "as a barricade holding questionable advertising material from the ears of listeners". Read had earlier started Portland, Oregon radio station KXL and would go on to found the Salem Electric utility cooperative in 1938.

In September 1937, KSLM was one of several Pacific Northwest area stations to join the Mutual-Don Lee Broadcasting System.  KSLM changed frequencies to 1360 kHz on April 28, 1939, which allowed for a power increase to 1,000 watts during the day and 500 watts at night.  In 1940, the nighttime signal was raised to match the daytime power at 1,000 watts.  On March 29, 1941, KSLM changed frequencies again, this time to the current 1390 kHz.

Harry B. Read sold KSLM license holder Oregon Radio, Inc., to automobile dealer Paul V. McElwain and partner Glenn E. McCormick for a reported sale price of $69,000 on March 1, 1944. At the time of the sale, it was still the only commercial radio station with Salem as its community of license. In May 1959, KSLM increased its daytime signal power to 5,000 watts and switched its network affiliation from Mutual to ABC.

New ownership
After more than four decades of continuous corporate ownership, Oregon Radio, Inc., sold KSLM to Holiday Radio, Inc., in October 1977 as part of a two-station deal valued at $684,000. The new ownership initially continued the middle-of-the-road music format that the station had been broadcasting for most of the 1970s. KSLM flipped to an adult contemporary music format in 1982.

In October 1985, Holiday Radio, Inc., reached an agreement to sell the station along with its FM sister station to Ronette Communications Corporation  for . The deal was approved by the FCC on December 6 and the transaction was consummated on February 20, 1986. As part of an internal corporate reorganization, Ronette Communications Corporation applied to the FCC to transfer the KSLM broadcast license to Ronette Communications of Oregon, Inc., in February 1986. The transfer was approved by the FCC on February 11, 1986 and consummated on July 17, 1986. In mid-1986 the station transitioned to an oldies music format.

Just over two years later, in March 1988, Daytona Group of Oregon, Inc., contracted to sell the station to John E. Grant's 1010 Broadcasting, Inc., for $215,000. The deal was approved by the FCC on July 15, 1988, and consummated on July 26, 1988. 1010 Broadcasting, Inc., agreed in February 1992 to sell the station to K-Salem Communications (Greg Fabos, owner) for $151,000. The deal was approved by the FCC on April 6, 1992 and consummated on May 8, 1992. The station began replacing live and local disc jockeys with programming from Satellite Music Network's "Kool Gold" oldies format in February 1994.

Trouble ahead
In July 1994, K-Salem Communications reached an agreement to sell KSLM to Willamette Broadcasting Corp., Inc.  The deal was approved by the FCC on November 2, 1994 and consummated on December 22, 1994. The new owners had difficulty finding a new transmitter site for the station after the sale and the station was off the air from late 1995 until early 1997.

With the station back in operation, Willamette Broadcasting Corp., Inc., announced in September 1998 that it would sell it to Entercom Communications subsidiary Entercom Portland License, LLC, for $605,000. The deal was approved by the FCC on October 22, 1998, and consummated on December 14, 1998.

Expanded Band assignment
On March 17, 1997 the FCC announced that eighty-eight stations had been given permission to move to newly available "Expanded Band" transmitting frequencies, ranging from 1610 to 1700 kHz, with KSLM authorized to move from 1390 to 1660 kHz. However, the station never procured the Construction Permit needed to implement the authorization, so the expanded band station was never built.

Changing callsigns
The station took on a sports talk format as a simulcast of Vancouver, Washington, sister station KFXX (910 AM, now KMTT), branded as "The Fan", just after the sale to Entercom was completed.  When 910 AM became oldies-formatted KKSN, KSLM maintained the simulcast and became an oldies station. In January 2007, Entercom dropped KKSN's oldies format for talk radio as part of a pending sale to Salem Communications and KSLM began once again simulcasting sports radio KFXX, now at 1080 AM. After more than 70 years as KSLM, Entercom applied for new call letters for this station in early 2007.  The FCC changed the callsign to KKSN, the call letters of its former sister station and simulcast partner, on February 12, 2007.  To better align it with Portland sister station KFXX (1080 AM), the callsign was changed again on January 20, 2009, this time to KVXX.

On May 1, 2009, KVXX dropped its simulcast of KFXX to begin airing Spanish language ESPN Deportes programming in conjunction with sister station KTRO. The station was assigned the KWOD call sign by the FCC on May 29, 2009, after an Entercom-owned station in Sacramento, California, switched to KBZC.

On July 12, 2010, KWOD changed their format to English language sports, simulcasting sister station KFXX (1080 AM, "1080, The Fan").

On March 31, 2014, KWOD changed their call letters to KZZD and changed format to regional Mexican. The change of call sign and format was coincident with Entercom's donation of KZZD's license to the Minority Media and Telecommunications Council, Inc. (MMTC). MMTC, in turn, sold the station to Edward Distell for a purchase price of $75,249; this transaction was consummated on June 20, 2014.

On September 23, 2016, KZZD changed their call letters to KZGD.

Effective June 22, 2021, Edward Distell sold KZGD and KCKX to Iglesia Pentecostal Vispera del Fin for $70,000.

Former on-air staff
Peter Courtney, a member of the Oregon Senate, and since 2003 the President of the Senate, was once employed by KSLM as a political commentator.

References

External links

Photo of station owners Bruce Kerr and Lou McCormick Paulus in front of the KSLM building in 1976
FCC History Cards for KZGD

ZGD
ZGD
Radio stations established in 1934
Mass media in Salem, Oregon
1934 establishments in Oregon


Cotoneaster roseus is native to portions of the Himalayas, Iran, northern and western Pakistan, northwest India and Kashmir. The Latin name roseus means rosy or pink, and refers to its flower petals. It was first described by the Irish botanist Michael Pakenham Edgeworth as Cotoneaster rosea in 1846.

References

Plants described in 1846
roseus


Talons is the first solo EP recorded by Josh Dies.  The album was released under DIES. The EP contains "re-imaginings" of two Showbread songs: "Never An Oceanographer" and "Age of Insects".  A cover of the Sullivan song, "Dig Me Up" is also present on the EP.

Track listing
 "Brundle Fly" 0:44
 "You're So Stupid" 3:05
 "Dig Me Up" 4:04
 "Never An Oceanographer" 4:09
 "Talons" 4:33
 "Age of Insects" 4:02
 "24 Hours" 2:27

Production mistakes

On the track listing, "Never An Oceanographer" is misprinted as "Never An Oceangrpaher."

References

Josh Dies albums
2009 EPs


Pipervika is a neighborhood in the borough Sentrum in Oslo, Norway. It is located between the Oslofjord, Akershus Fortress and The City Hall Square. Today the term Pipervika is primarily used for the bay between the fortress and Aker Brygge. This was formerly commonly known as Piperviksbukta. It is part of the Fjord City urban renewal project.

The name
The first element is assumed to refer to the brigade music's pipers (flutists) who were located in the area, the last element is the finite form of vik f 'bay, inlet'. But the Norse name of the bay was Gyljandi, and this name is derived from the verb gylja 'howl, huut' (probably referring to the windy conditions in the bay). The name Pipervika ('the piping bay') could therefore be some kind of translation from Norse to Danish in the 17th century. (The verb pipe in Scandinavian in often used to describe the sound of strong wind.)

Neighbourhoods of Oslo

Oslofjord
Fjord City


Asad Ali Khan (1 December 1937 – 14 June 2011) was an Indian musician who played the plucked string instrument rudra veena. Khan performed in the style dhrupad and was described as the best living rudra veena player in India by The Hindu. He was awarded the Indian civilian honor Padma Bhushan in 2008.

Life and career
Khan was born 1937 in Alwar in the seventh generation of rudra veena players in his family. His ancestors were royal musicians in the courts of Rampur, Uttar Pradesh, and Jaipur, Rajasthan in the 18th century. His great-grandfather Rajab Ali Khan was head of the court musicians in Jaipur and owned a village land holding. His grandfather Musharraf Khan (died 1909) was court musician in Alwar, and performed in London in 1886. Khan's father Sadiq Ali Khan worked as a musician for the Alwar court and for the Nawab of Rampur for 35 years. Khan grew up in a musical surrounding and was taught the Beenkar gharana (stylistic school of rudra veena playing) of Jaipur and vocals for fifteen years.

Khan was one of a few active musicians who played the rudra veena and the last surviving master of one of the four schools of dhrupad, the Khandar school. He performed in many countries, including Australia, the United States, Afghanistan, and Italy and several other European countries, and conducted music courses in the United States. Khan worked at All India Radio, taught the sitar in the Faculty of Music and Fine Arts at the University of Delhi for 17 years, and continued to train students privately after his retirement. Students of Khan who perform include his son Zaki Haidar, Carsten Wicke, Bikramjeet Das of Kolkata, Jyoti Hegde, and the vocalist, Madhumita Ray. Dr. Keshav Sharma from Shimla, India was also his disciple for many years who learnt Sitar and Dhrupad. Khan criticized the lack of willingness among Indians to study the rudra veena and had more foreign than Indian students. He was involved in preserving the playing of the instrument, which he believed to be created by the deity Shiva, and performed for SPIC MACAY, promoting Indian classical music to young Indians. Khan was a Shi'a Muslim.

Khan received several national awards, including the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1977 and the civilian honor Padma Bhushan in 2008, which was awarded by Indian President Pratibha Patil. He was described as the best living rudra veena player in India by The Hindu and lived in Delhi.

Death
Khan died on 14 June 2011 in the All India Institute of Medical Sciences in New Delhi.

References

External links

 Ustad Asad Ali Khan performances at Youtube

1937 births
2011 deaths
Hindustani instrumentalists
Indian Shia Muslims
People from Alwar
Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in arts
Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award
Rudra veena players
20th-century Indian musicians


In mathematics, Capelli's identity, named after , is an analogue of the formula det(AB) = det(A) det(B), for certain matrices with noncommuting entries, related to the representation theory of the Lie algebra . It can be used to relate an invariant ƒ to the invariant Ωƒ, where Ω is Cayley's Ω process.

Statement
Suppose that xij for  i,j = 1,...,n are commuting variables. Write  Eij for the polarization operator

The  Capelli identity states that the following differential operators, expressed as determinants, are equal:

Both sides are differential operators. The determinant on the left has non-commuting entries, and is expanded with all terms preserving their "left to right" order. Such a determinant is often called a column-determinant, since it can be obtained by the column expansion of the determinant starting from the first column. It can be formally written as

where in the product first come the elements from the first column, then from the second and so on.  The determinant on the far right is Cayley's omega process, and the one on the left is the Capelli determinant.

The operators Eij can be written in a matrix form:

where  are matrices with elements Eij, xij,  respectively. If all elements in these matrices would be commutative then  clearly . The Capelli identity shows that despite noncommutativity there exists a "quantization" of the formula above. The only price for the noncommutativity is a small correction:  on the left hand side. For generic noncommutative matrices formulas like

do not exist, and the notion of the 'determinant' itself does not make sense for generic noncommutative matrices. That is why the Capelli identity still holds some mystery, despite many proofs offered for it. A very short proof does not seem to exist. Direct verification of the statement can be given as an exercise for n = 2, but is already long for n = 3.

Relations with representation theory

Consider the following slightly more general context. Suppose that  and  are two integers and  for  , be commuting variables. Redefine   by almost the same formula:

with the only difference that summation index  ranges from  to . One can easily see that such operators satisfy the commutation relations:

Here   denotes the commutator . These are the same commutation relations which are satisfied by the matrices  which have zeros everywhere except the position , where 1 stands. ( are sometimes called matrix units). Hence we conclude that the correspondence  defines a representation of the Lie algebra  in the vector space of polynomials of .

Case m = 1 and representation Sk Cn

It is especially instructive to consider the special case m = 1; in this case we have xi1, which is abbreviated as xi:

In particular, for the polynomials of the first degree it is seen that:

Hence the action of  restricted to the space of first-order polynomials is exactly the same as the action of matrix units   on vectors in . So, from the representation theory point of view, the subspace of polynomials of first degree is a subrepresentation of the Lie algebra , which we identified with the standard representation in . Going further, it is seen that the differential operators  preserve the degree of the polynomials, and hence the polynomials of each fixed degree form a  subrepresentation of the Lie algebra  . One can see further that the space of homogeneous polynomials of degree k can be identified with the symmetric tensor power  of the standard representation .

One can also easily identify the highest weight structure of these representations. The monomial  is a highest weight vector, indeed:  for i < j. Its highest weight equals to (k, 0, ... ,0), indeed: .

Such representation is sometimes called bosonic representation of . Similar formulas  define the so-called fermionic representation, here  are anti-commuting variables. Again polynomials of k-th degree form an irreducible subrepresentation which is isomorphic to  i.e. anti-symmetric tensor power of . Highest weight of such representation is (0, ..., 0, 1, 0, ..., 0). These representations for k = 1, ..., n are fundamental representations of .

Capelli identity for m = 1

Let us return to the Capelli identity. One can prove the following:

the motivation for this equality is the following: consider  for some commuting variables . The matrix  is of rank one and hence its determinant is equal to zero. Elements of matrix  are defined by the similar formulas, however, its elements do not  commute. The Capelli identity shows that the commutative identity:  can be preserved for the small price of correcting matrix  by .

Let us also mention that similar identity can be given for the characteristic polynomial:

where .  The commutative counterpart of this is a simple fact that for rank = 1 matrices the characteristic polynomial contains only the first and the second coefficients.

Consider an example for n = 2.

Using

we see that this is equal to:

The universal enveloping algebra    and its center
An interesting property of the Capelli determinant is that it commutes with all operators Eij, that is, the commutator  is equal to zero. It can be generalized:

Consider any elements Eij in any ring, such that they satisfy the commutation relation , (so they can be differential operators above, matrix units eij or any other elements) define elements Ck as follows:

where

then:

 elements Ck commute with all elements Eij
 elements Ck can be given by the formulas similar to the commutative case:

i.e. they are sums of principal  minors of the matrix E, modulo the Capelli correction  . In particular element C0 is the Capelli determinant considered above.

These statements are interrelated with the Capelli identity, as will be discussed below,  and similarly to it the  direct few lines short proof does not seem to exist, despite the simplicity of the formulation.

The universal enveloping algebra  can be defined as an algebra generated by Eij subject to the relations

alone. The proposition above shows that elements Ck belong to the  center of . It can be shown that they actually are free generators of the center of . They are sometimes called Capelli generators. The Capelli identities for them will be discussed below.

Consider an example for n = 2.

It is  immediate to check that element   commute with . (It corresponds to an obvious fact that the identity matrix commute with all other matrices). More instructive is  to check commutativity of the second element  with  . Let us do it for :

We see that the naive determinant  will not commute with  and the Capelli's correction  is essential to ensure the centrality.

General m and  dual pairs

Let us return to the general case:

for arbitrary n and m. Definition of operators Eij can be written in a matrix form: , where   is  matrix  with elements  ;   is  matrix  with elements  ;   is  matrix  with elements  .

Capelli–Cauchy–Binet identities

For general m matrix E is given as product of the two rectangular matrices: X and transpose to D. If all elements of these matrices would commute then one knows that the determinant of E can be expressed by the so-called Cauchy–Binet formula via minors of X and D. An analogue of this formula also exists for matrix E again for the same mild price of the correction :

,

In particular (similar to the commutative case): if m < n, then ; if m = n we return to the identity above.

Let us also mention that similar to the commutative case (see Cauchy–Binet for minors), one can express not only the determinant of E, but also its minors via minors of X and D:

,

Here K = (k1 < k2 < ... < ks), L = (l1 < l2 < ... < ls), are arbitrary multi-indexes; as usually   denotes a submatrix of M formed by the elements M kalb. Pay attention that the Capelli correction now contains s, not n as in previous formula.  Note that for s=1, the correction (s − i) disappears and we get just the definition of E as a product of X and transpose to D. Let us also mention that for generic K,L corresponding minors do not commute with all elements Eij, so the Capelli identity exists not only for central elements.

As a corollary of this formula and the one for the characteristic polynomial in the previous section let us mention the following:

where  . This formula is similar to the commutative case, modula  at the left hand side and t[n] instead of tn at the right hand side.

Relation to dual pairs

Modern interest in these identities has been much stimulated by  Roger Howe who considered them in his theory of reductive dual pairs (also known as Howe duality). To make the first contact with these ideas, let us look more precisely on operators  .  Such operators preserve the degree of polynomials. Let us look at the polynomials of degree 1: , we see that index l is preserved. One can see that from the representation theory point of view  polynomials of the first degree can be identified with direct sum of the representations , here  l-th subspace (l=1...m) is spanned by , i = 1, ..., n.  Let us give another look on this vector space:

Such point of view gives the first hint  of symmetry between m and n. To deepen this idea consider:

These operators  are given by the same formulas as   modula renumeration , hence by the same arguments we can deduce that  form a representation of the Lie algebra  in the vector space of polynomials of xij. Before going further we can mention the following property: differential operators  commute with differential operators .

The Lie group   acts on the vector space  in a natural way. One can show that the corresponding action of Lie algebra  is given by the differential operators  and   respectively. This explains the commutativity of these operators.

The following deeper properties actually hold true:

 The only differential operators  which commute with  are polynomials in , and vice versa.
 Decomposition of the vector space of polynomials into a direct sum of tensor products of irreducible representations of  and  can be given as follows:

The summands are indexed by the Young diagrams D, and representations  are mutually non-isomorphic. And diagram  determine  and vice versa.

 In particular the representation of the big group    is multiplicity free, that is each irreducible representation occurs only one time.

One easily observe the strong similarity to Schur–Weyl duality.

Generalizations

Much work have been done on the identity and its generalizations. Approximately two dozens of mathematicians and physicists contributed to the subject, to name a few: R. Howe, B. Kostant Fields medalist A. Okounkov A. Sokal, D. Zeilberger.

It seems  historically the first generalizations were obtained by Herbert Westren Turnbull in 1948, who found the generalization for the case of symmetric matrices (see for modern treatments).

The other generalizations can be divided into several patterns. Most of them are based on the Lie algebra point of view. Such generalizations consist of changing Lie algebra  to simple Lie algebras and their super (q),  and current versions. As well as identity can be generalized for different reductive dual pairs. And finally one can consider not only the determinant of the matrix E, but its permanent, trace of its powers and immanants. Let us mention few more papers;

still the list of references is incomplete. It has been believed for quite a long time that the identity is intimately related with semi-simple Lie algebras. Surprisingly a new purely algebraic generalization of the identity have been found in 2008 by S. Caracciolo, A. Sportiello, A. D. Sokal  which has nothing to do with any Lie algebras.

Turnbull's identity for symmetric matrices
Consider symmetric matrices

Herbert Westren Turnbull in 1948 discovered the following identity:

Combinatorial proof can be found in the paper, another proof and amusing generalizations in the paper, see also discussion below.

The Howe–Umeda–Kostant–Sahi identity  for antisymmetric matrices
Consider antisymmetric matrices

Then

The Caracciolo–Sportiello–Sokal identity  for Manin matrices
Consider two matrices M and Y over some associative ring which satisfy the following condition

for some elements Qil.  Or ”in words”: elements in j-th column of M commute with elements in k-th row of Y unless j = k, and in this case commutator of the elements Mik and Ykl depends only on i, l, but does not depend on k.

Assume that M is a Manin matrix (the simplest example is the matrix with commuting elements).

Then for the square matrix case

Here Q is a matrix with elements Qil, and diag(n − 1, n − 2, ..., 1, 0) means the diagonal matrix with the elements n − 1, n − 2, ..., 1, 0 on the diagonal.

See  proposition 1.2' formula (1.15) page 4, our Y is transpose to their B.

Obviously the original Cappeli's identity the particular case of this identity. Moreover from this identity one can see that in the original Capelli's identity one can consider elements

for arbitrary functions fij and the identity still will be true.

The Mukhin–Tarasov–Varchenko identity and the Gaudin model

Statement
Consider matrices X and D as in Capelli's identity, i.e. with elements  and  at position (ij).

Let z be another formal variable (commuting  with x).  Let A and B be some matrices which elements are  complex numbers.

Here the first determinant is understood (as always) as column-determinant of a matrix with non-commutative entries. The determinant on the right is calculated as if all the elements commute, and putting all x and z on the left, while derivations on the right. (Such  recipe is called a Wick ordering in the quantum mechanics).

The Gaudin quantum integrable system and Talalaev's theorem
The matrix

is a Lax matrix for the Gaudin quantum integrable spin chain system. D. Talalaev solved the long-standing problem of the explicit solution for the full set of the quantum commuting conservation laws for the Gaudin model, discovering the following theorem.

Consider

Then for all i,j,z,w

i.e.  Hi(z) are generating functions in z for the  differential operators in x which all commute. So they provide quantum commuting conservation laws for the Gaudin model.

Permanents, immanants, traces – "higher Capelli identities"

The original Capelli identity is a statement about determinants. Later, analogous identities were found for permanents, immanants and traces.
Based on the  combinatorial approach paper by S.G. Williamson
was one of the first results in this direction.

Turnbull's identity for permanents of  antisymmetric matrices
Consider the antisymmetric matrices X and D with elements xij and corresponding derivations, as in the case of the HUKS identity above.

Then

Let us cite:  "...is stated without proof at the end of Turnbull’s paper".   The authors themselves follow Turnbull – at the very end of their
paper they write:

"Since the proof of this last identity is very similar to the proof of Turnbull’s symmetric analog (with a slight twist), we leave it as an instructive and pleasant exercise for the reader.".

The identity is deeply analyzed in paper
.

References

Further reading

Invariant theory
Mathematical identities
Representation theory of Lie groups
Lie algebras
Determinants


Asi Abutbul (; born 1975) is an Israeli mobster. In May 2006 Abutbul was arrested by Israel Police, along with another mobster, Eli Naim, on suspicions that he sold weapons to Naim with criminal intent.

BMW importer Kamoor was caught giving Abutbul 2 cars free of charge. In 2008, Abutbul was sentenced to 18 months in prison for selling weapons to gangs in Jerusalem and Netanya. On June 21, 2009, Abutbul and 19 of his men were sent to jail. Abutbul was sentenced to 13 years in prison.

References

1975 births
Living people
Israeli Jews
Crime bosses
Israeli gangsters

he:אסי אבוטבול


Make My Video is a series of four video games by Digital Pictures in 1992 for the Sega CD. These included series by INXS, by Kris Kross, C+C Music Factory and by Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch. The games featured three songs from the respective musical groups, and the player edited pre-made clips to make a new music video.

In each game, players are given instructions of what they should include in the video, and then the song is played while the video is edited live. Players can change between video clips available by pressing the buttons on the controller, and choose from clips of videos of the group, stock footage, movie clips, and special effects.

The games were panned and were financial disasters.

Games

INXS

INXS: Make My Video was created as a video game by Digital Pictures in 1992. The game puts the player in control of editing the music videos for the band INXS on the songs "Heaven Sent", "Baby Don't Cry", and "Not Enough Time". All three songs are from the 1992 album Welcome to Wherever You Are, and the box art for the game is taken from the album.

Kris Kross

Kris Kross: Make My Video was created as a video game by Digital Pictures in 1992, due to the popularity of the rap group Kris Kross.

The game puts the player in control of editing the music videos for the group on the songs: "Jump", "I Missed the Bus", and "Warm It Up".

Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch

Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch: Make My Video was created as a video game by Digital Pictures in 1992.

The game puts the player in control of editing the music videos for hip-hop artist Mark Wahlberg and his group Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch on the songs "Good Vibrations", "I Need Money", and "You Gotta Believe".

Reception
All three games turned out to be huge failures, both financially and critically. In 1997 Electronic Gaming Monthly listed the series collectively as number 2 on their "Top 10 Worst Games of All Time". Kris Kross is on Seanbaby's Crapstravaganza list of the 20 worst games of all time at #18.

Game Informer gave Marky Mark 0 out of 10, the lowest score a game ever received from the magazine.  A 2006 PC World article rated the game as number 8 on their list of the 10 worst games of all time.

See also
Power Factory Featuring C+C Music Factory

References

External links

 Kris Kross: Make My Video
 INXS: Make My Video
 Make My Video: Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch

1992 video games
Band-centric video games
Full motion video based games
Interactive movie video games
INXS
Music management games
Video games based on musicians
Sega CD games
Sega CD-only games
Video game franchises
Digital Pictures
Video games developed in the United States


General elections were held in the Cook Islands on 24 March 1994 to elect 25 MPs to the Parliament.  The election was a landslide victory for the Cook Islands Party, which won 20 seats.  The Democratic Party won three seats, and the newly established Alliance Party two.

Results

References

Elections in the Cook Islands
Cook
1994 in the Cook Islands
Cook
Election and referendum articles with incomplete results


Assata aka Joanne Chesimard is a 2008 biographical film directed by Fred Baker and starring Warly Ceriani. The film premiered at the San Diego Black Film Festival and starred Assata Shakur.

Premise
The film is a biography of Assata Shakur, a controversial member of the Black Panther movement.

Cast
Will Blagrove: FBI Agent
Rick Borgia: District Attorney
J.D. Brown: Trooper Werner Foerster
Kathleen Cleaver: Herself
Pat Dempsey: James Harper (as Jack P. Dempsey)
Lila Dupree: White Woman - Escape
Charles Everett: Justin
 Omar Gonzalez: Fred Hampton Jr.
 Steven Hill: Sundiata Acoli
Rosemari Mealy: Herself
Bryant Pearson: Lead Escaper
Robert Sciglimpaglia: Assistant Prosecuting Attorney
Assata Shakur: Herself
Char Sydney: Assata - as young woman
Erika Vaughn: Asha

References

External links

2008 films
American biographical films
2000s English-language films
2000s American films
English-language biographical films


Open Window School is an independent K-8 school for students who have been formally identified as intellectually gifted. Open Window School is located in Bellevue, Washington on top of Cougar Mountain, which is on the outer edge of the city across Lake Washington. Open Window School is a member of the Northwest Association of Independent Schools (NWAIS), the National Association of Independent Schools, and the Washington Federation of Independent Schools (WFIS)

Achievements
Open Window School's use of technology extends from Innovation and Technology Labs to the school's use of social media. Innovation and Technology Director Adrienne Gifford was named Northwest Council for Computer Education (NCCE) Technology Leader of the Year in 2016. In early 2014, a group of five seventh graders won the highest honor, "Best in Nation", in the second Verizon Innovative App Challenge for the app they created. In January 2015, a project by a sixth grader won first prize in the Future Engineers 3D Printing Space Challenge. This pupil designed a Space Planter to be 3D printed on the International Space Station. A group of five middle school students won the 2016 Verizon App Challenge Best in Region Award, designing an app to serve patients with neurological diseases.

During the 2015–16 school year, Open Window was one of 22 schools in the United States and Canada invited to participate in the Student Spaceflight Experiments Program. Working in collaborative teams, fourth through eighth-grade students designed microgravity experiments and an outside panel of researchers chose one of the seventh-grade experiments to be conducted on the International Space Station.

In the 2020–2021 school year, two fifth graders, Jacob Park and Julia Stewart won first place nationally in the ExploraVision competition, with their solar-powered "Coagulation Filtration System" which utilizes Ideonella sakaiensis microbes to break down microplastics for drinking water.

In 2023, three Fifth-Graders Julian Kotsis, Brody Cho, and Chase Carlson won the nationals in ExploraVision with their project, PetConnect, which allows users to understand what their pet is feeling through a camera it will mark feelings like; "Your dog is 70% hungry".

Athletics & extra-curricular programs
The school's athletic programs currently include cross country, golf, tennis, basketball, soccer, Ultimate Frisbee, track and field, parkour, and volleyball. The girls' volleyball team completed an undefeated season in 2014. The school mascot is Rufus the Bobcat, who eighth graders may portray in costume at various school events. In addition to athletics, the school offers students the opportunity to compete in after-school activities including chess, debate, Model United Nations, and robotics.

Gallery

References

External links
School website
NWAIS (Northwest Association of Independent Schools)

Schools in Seattle
Private elementary schools in Washington (state)
Private middle schools in Washington (state)
Educational institutions established in 1985
1985 establishments in Washington (state)


"Burning Ground" is a song written by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison and included on his 1997 album, The Healing Game.  For this song, Morrison got his inspiration from a common scene from his childhood when jute was shipped to Belfast from India in the 1950s.

Clinton Heylin calls the song "a potentially important song about a man still caught half-way between heaven and hell."

Personnel on original release
Van Morrison – vocals, harmonica
Ronnie Johnson – electric guitar
Alec Dankworth – double bass
Leo Green – tenor saxophone
Geoff Dunn – drums
Pee Wee Ellis – baritone saxophone, backing vocals
Robin Aspland – piano
Brian Kennedy – backing vocals
Katie Kissoon – backing vocals
Horns arranged by – Pee Wee Ellis and Leo Green

Notes

References
Heylin, Clinton (2003). Can You Feel the Silence? Van Morrison: A New Biography, Chicago Review Press,
Hinton, Brian (1997). Celtic Crossroads: The Art of Van Morrison, Sanctuary,

1997 songs
Van Morrison songs
Songs written by Van Morrison
Song recordings produced by Van Morrison


Filipstad is a neighborhood in the Frogner borough in Oslo, Norway. It serves both as a major container port and ferry terminal for the city. The Oslo-Kiel ferry docks by the Hjortneskaia at Filipstad.

History
The neighborhood grew from a single property Philipsborg, named after the pharmacist Philip Moth, around 1650. From 1805 the property belonged to the Heftye family. The villa at the site dates from 1864 and was initiated by banker Jørgen H. Heftye who commissioned the famous architect G. A. Bull for its design. The property is now represented with the mentioned building Villa Filipstad at the address Munkedamsveien 62.

The former Filipstad inlet (between Tjuvholmen and Munkedamsveien) used to serve as a place for bathing, but the water was contaminated by the Filipstad stream. From around 1870 the inlet was gradually filled in to serve as a future port.

When the Norwegian State Railways bought the area in 1909, the villa was made the residence of the company's director. After the takeover by the State the area was seriously converted into a port. In 1943 the Filipstad Accident took place here. The Drammen Line went through the area until 1980, after which it is served by the Skøyen–Filipstad Line.

The neighboring area Aker Brygge, a former ship yard, went through an urban renewal in the 1980s.

The Fjord City

Due to the central location of Filipstad it has been suggested, in the urban renewal project The Fjord City, to convert the container port into a new urban area similar to Akerbrygge and Tjuvholmen. The Color Line cruiseferry terminal is presumed to be kept.

The almost 40 meter tall landmark building of Filipstad, the Ali Coffee roasting factory, owned by the Joh. Johannson company, is scheduled to close down in the year 2020 when the business will be relocate to new facilities outside Oslo.

The two largest landowners of Filipstad are Oslo Port Authority and Bane NOR owned Bane NOR Eiendom. In addition the Norwegian Public Roads Administration is the owner of the E18 motorway. It is disputed what to do about the traffic situation of E18 and how the outcome of this issue will influence on the Fjord City development of Filipstad.

The name
The area is named after the pharmacist Philip Moth who owned the property around 1650 and used it as a herb garden. The last element is stad 'property; farm'.

References

External links

 Fjordbyparkens og plansmias nettside A private lobby organisation for the renewal of Filipstad.

Neighbourhoods of Oslo
Ports and harbours of Norway
Fjord City


Gazophylacium Anglicanum is a dictionary of the English language first published anonymously in London in 1689; gazophylacium is a Latin word, borrowed from Ancient Greek γαζοφυλάκιον, meaning thesaurus.

Current scholarship attributes this work to Richard Hogarth and identifies it as a translation of Stephen Skinner's Etymologicon Linguae Anglicanae of 1671. The Gazophylacium Anglicanum was reprinted in 1691 as A New English Dictionary.

Full title
"Gazophylacium Anglicanum – containing the derivation of English words, proper and common, each in an alphabet distinct : proving the Dutch and Saxon to be the prime fountains : and likewise giving the similar words in most European languages, whereby any of them may be indifferently well learned, and understood : fitted to the capacity of the English reader, that may be curious to know the original of his mother-tongue"

See also
 Catholicon Anglicum

References

Miriam A. Drake, Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science (2003). .

English dictionaries
1689 books


Feardorcha Ó Conaill or Frederick William O'Connell (22 October 1876 – 19 October 1929) was a Church of Ireland clergyman, writer, and translator to and from Irish often under the pen name Conall Cearnach (after the legendary hero). He is known especially for editing the work of Peadar Ó Laoghaire.

Ó Conaill was born in Newtown, Leenaun, County Galway to William Morgan O'Connell, a Church of Ireland canon, and his wife Catherine Donnelly. Leenaun was in the Gaeltacht of Connemara, and William's parents were fluent Irish-speakers who taught him the language at the age of six. He attended  Trinity College, Dublin from 1891 and was ordained in 1902. He became rector of Achonry in 1907 and afterwards obtained a post as lecturer in Celtic languages and literature at Queen's University, Belfast.

Ó Conaill married Helen Young in 1905; they had three sons before she died of tuberculosis in 1925 after the couple moved to Dublin. He later married Marcella Graham, a French Catholic, and may have informally converted to Catholicism. He became assistant director of Radio Éireann in 1927, months before he was struck and killed by a bus driver while hailing a tram on Lansdowne Road, Dublin.

Bibliography
He translated works from  Spanish, Persian and Arabic.
 A Grammar of Old Irish Belfast, Mayne, 1912
 The Writings on the Wall Dublin, Gill, 1915
 The Age of Whitewash Dublin, Gill, 1921
 The Fatal Move and Other Stories Dublin, Gill, 1924; Swan River Press, 2021
 An Irish Corpus Astronomiae with R.M. Henry, London and Belfast, 1915
 Don Quixote by M. Cervantes (translation)
 The Midnight Court by Brian Merriman (translation)
 My Own Story by an tAth. Peadar Ó Laoghaire (translation)
 Three Shafts of Death by Seathrún Céitinn (translation)

References

External links

1876 births
1929 deaths
20th-century Irish Anglican priests
Irish editors
20th-century Irish translators
Christian clergy from County Galway
Translators to English
Translators to Irish
Translators from Arabic
Translators from Irish
Translators from Persian
Translators from Spanish
Irish-language writers
Pedestrian road incident deaths
Writers from County Galway


Elia George Kaiyamo (born 10 January 1951) is a Namibian politician. A member of SWAPO, Kaiyamo was an internal organizer and teacher for SWAPO prior to independence. He served in the Cabinet of Namibia as Deputy Minister of Home Affairs and Immigration from 2010 to 2015. On 2 September 2016, President Hage Geingob appointed Kaiyamo as Ambassador-designate to the People's Republic of China.

Early life and education
Born at Ondobe in Ohangwena Region, Kaiyamo earned a B.A. from the University of Cape Town in 1989. He earned another B.A. from the University of Namibia in 1992. In 1994, Kaiyamo earned a M.A. in international relations from Pacific Western University in Los Angeles, California in the United States.

Career
Kaiyamo worked at various schools in Katutura, the blacks-only township of Windhoek from 1976 to 1987. He was also an organizer for SWAPO during this time period. In 1988–1989, Kaiyamo studied in Cape Town towards a bachelor's degree. Kaiyamo returned as Namibia became independent and became assistant principal at A Shipena High School in Windhoek. Lasting in that position until 1991, he left education to work for the Foreign Ministry of Namibia. Kaiyamo worked in Europe at various Namibian embassies, including in Russia, Germany and Austria from 1991 to 1997. From 1997 to 1999, Kaiyamo served as desk officer at the Foreign Ministry. He was selected to represent SWAPO in the National Assembly in 2000 and subsequently re-elected in 2005 and 2009. Kaiyamo was appointed Deputy Minister of Home Affairs and Immigration in President Hifikepunye Pohamba's new cabinet on 21 March 2010.

Publications
Research proposals on Namibia 2010; Education and Stakeholders in Namibia 2007

Awards
Room of Fame, Namibia, 2007

References

1951 births
Living people
People from Ohangwena Region
Members of the National Assembly (Namibia)
Namibian educators
University of Namibia alumni
University of Cape Town alumni
Namibian expatriates in the United States
Namibian expatriates in South Africa
SWAPO politicians
Government ministers of Namibia
Ambassadors of Namibia to China


Gumbaynggir language (also spelled Gumbaingari, Kumbainggar, Kumbaingeri, Gambalamam, and also called Baanbay) is an Australian Aboriginal language spoken by the Gumbaynggirr people, who are native to the Mid North Coast of New South Wales.

History and description
Gumbaynggir is the only surviving language in the Gumbaynggiric family of Pama–Nyungan stock.

It has a binary way of counting numbers.

Phonology

Vowels

Consonants

Voiced stops may also be realised as voiceless sounds [p, k, c, t], when occurring in intervocalic positions.

Revitalisation
Organised  revitalisation of Gumbaynggir has been under way since 1986 when Muurrbay Aboriginal Language and Culture Co-operative was founded at Nambucca Heads. Classes in Gumbaynggir are taught through the North Coast Institute of TAFE up to Certificate II level.

Muurrbay and Many Rivers Aboriginal Language Centre (MRALC) supports Aboriginal language revitalization through activities that include:
 Providing access to linguistic expertise, and training for Aboriginal people.
 Recording languages wherever possible, and assisting with access to archival materials, providing a regional storage base for these materials.
 Producing language materials such as dictionaries or wordlists, grammars, learner's guides, transcriptions and translations.
 Providing community access to languages by using, and assisting communities to use information technology such as: Transcriber, Shoebox, Powerpoint and Adobe Audition.
 Employing linguists, Aboriginal language researchers and specialists in Information and Communication Technology.
 Raising awareness in the wider community about the value of Aboriginal languages.

In recent years, the Bularri Muurlay Nyanggan Aboriginal Corporation (BMNAC), established in 2010 by Gumbaynggirr and Bundjalung man Clark Webb, has made great efforts to revitalise the Gumbaynggirr language. The BMNAC started in 2010 when two after school learning centres were set up at Wongala Estate Aboriginal Reserve and Woolgoolga High School. A third after school Learning Centre was established at William Bayldon Primary School in Sawtell in 2012.

Further efforts from the BMNAC saw the  Gumbaynggirr Giingana Freedom School open in February 2022. The first independent Indigenous bilingual primary school to ever operate in New South Wales. The school caters to students from K-2, and operates under the ethos of “Bularri Muurlay Nyanggan” meaning "Two Path Strong" in Gumbaynggirr language.

Funding
Muurrbay Aboriginal Language and Culture Cooperative Ltd at Bellwood receives funding from the following government organisations:
 The Australian Government has an Indigenous Languages Support (ILS) program which gives money to community driven digital and multi-media resources as a tool for maintenance, revival and development of native languages
 New South Wales Department of Aboriginal Affairs has funded the Muurrbay Centre Sydney-based Aboriginal Languages Summer School

In November 2011, the Australian Government declared an Indigenous Protected Area for the Gumbaynggirr people. The Indigenous Protected Areas Act protects the native land of Indigenous Australians.  The protection of the land ties into the spiritual beliefs of the Gumbaynggirr people and by protecting the land, the government is helping revitalise their culture.

See also
 List of Aboriginal languages of New South Wales

References

External links
 Bibliography of Gumbaynggir people and language resources, at the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
 Rosetta Project: Kumbainggar Swadesh List

Gumbaynggiric languages
Indigenous Australian languages in New South Wales
Critically endangered languages


The National High School Hall of Fame is a program of the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) that honors individuals who have made outstanding contributions to high school sports or performing arts. As of 2019, a total of 482 individuals have been inducted since the first class in 1982. Because there is a huge pool of potential candidates, it is considered a very exclusive hall of fame.

Selection process

Each of the National Federation's 51 member associations (50 state associations plus the District of Columbia) is allowed to submit a nomination in six categories: athlete, coach, contest official, administrator, performing arts, and other. A screening committee narrows the field before a separate selection committee makes the final decision. A class generally includes 12 inductees, although some have been larger or smaller.

Many famous professional, college, and Olympic athletes and coaches have been inducted into the National High School Hall of Fame, but the selection criteria have always focused on a candidate's high school career or connection to high school competition as an adult.

History

The program was originally known as the National High School Sports Hall of Fame. The word "Sports" was dropped in 2003 when a category for performing arts was added.

The first class was announced in November 1982 and honored on December 14, 1982, in conjunction with the National Athletic Directors Conference in Indianapolis. By design the inaugural class did not include any athletes. Later classes have included members from all categories. For many years the National Federation displayed plaques representing the inductees at its headquarters in Kansas City, Missouri, while it developed plans for a museum in a separate building nearby. Those plans were later scrapped, and when the Federation moved its headquarters to Indianapolis, Indiana, the plaques were transferred to the respective state high school associations for display.

Since 1986, the Hall of Fame enshrinement ceremony has been the final event of the National Federation's annual summer meeting, which is held in late June and early July and attended by board members and executives of the state associations.

Inductees by year

In 2012 biographical sketches of inductees were included in a commemorative 30 year book. The NHFS also maintains biographical sketches of inductees on their website. Below is a list of inductee names.
Following each name is the category in which the person was inducted and the state high school association that submitted the nomination. Inductees who spent all or a portion of their career on the staff of the National Federation are indicated by "NF".

Notes

References
 Published in connection with the National Federation's centennial.
 Includes a chapter on the National High School Hall of Fame.
 Includes biographies from 1982 to 2012.
 Includes recent biographies.

All-sports halls of fame
Halls of fame in Indiana
Sports hall of fame inductees
Awards established in 1982
Organizations based in Indianapolis


Hays House or Hayes House may refer to:

Places in the United States named Hays House (without an E) (by state):
Brady Hays Homestead, Denmark, Arkansas, listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in White County
Ward-Hays House, Little Rock, Arkansas, NRHP-listed
Samuel Hays House, Boise, Idaho, NRHP-listed in Ada County
E.R. Hays House, Knoxville, Iowa, NRHP-listed in Marion County
Seth Hays House, Council Grove, Kansas, listed on the NRHP in Morris County
James Hays House, Hays, Kentucky, listed on the NRHP in Warren County
Hays House (Bel Air, Maryland), NRHP-listed
Joseph C. Hays House, Sharpsburg, Maryland, NRHP-listed
Hays-Heighe House, Bel Air, Maryland, NRHP-listed
Hays House (Lorman, Mississippi), NRHP-listed
Daniel Boone Hays House, Defiance 	Missouri, listed on the NRHP in St. Charles County
George Hays House, Jerusalem, New York, NRHP-listed
John R. Hays House, Walden, New York, NRHP-listed
Hays-Kiser House, Antioch, Tennessee, listed on the NRHP in Davidson County
Hays-Pitzer House, Martinsburg, West Virginia, listed on the NRHP in Berkeley County
Hays-Gerrard House, Gerrardstown, West Virginia, listed on the NRHP in Berkeley County

Places in the United States named Hayes House (with an E) (by state):
Hayes Mansion, San Jose, California, NRHP-listed
Samuel Hayes II House, Granby, Connecticut, listed on the NRHP in Hartford County, Connecticut
Dr. David Brandon House, Thomasville, Georgia, also known as Hayes House, NRHP-listed in Thomas County
Jarrett-Hayes House, Toccoa, Georgia, listed on the NRHP in Stephens County
William B. Hayes House, Des Moines, Iowa, listed on the NRHP in Park County
Samuel T. Hayes House, Lexington, Kentucky, listed on the NRHP in Fayette County
Hayes Voting House No. 16, Morehead, Kentucky, listed on the NRHP in Rowan County
Needham-Hayes House, Le Sueur, Minnesota, listed on the NRHP in Le Sueur County
Richard Hayes House, Rochester, New Hampshire, listed on the NRHP in Strafford County
Hayes House (Altamont, New York), NRHP-listed
Hayes-Byrum Store and House, Charlotte, North Carolina, listed on the NRHP in Mecklenburg County
Hayes Plantation, Edenton, North Carolina, NRHP-listed
Rutherford B. Hayes House, Fremont, Ohio, a U.S. National Historic Landmark
Jacob Hayes House, Newlin Twp., Pennsylvania, listed on the NRHP in southern Chester County
Hayes Mill House, Newlin Twp., Pennsylvania, listed on the NRHP in southern Chester County
Hayes Homestead, Newlin Twp., Pennsylvania, listed on the NRHP in southern Chester County
John Hayes Farmstead, Latta, South Carolina, listed on the NRHP in Dillon County

Places in Canada named Hays House:
 Hays House, Montreal, Quebec (destroyed in 1852)

See also
 Hay House (disambiguation)


The Siau Island tarsier (Tarsius tumpara) is a species of tarsier from the tiny volcanic island of Siau in Indonesia. The T. tumpara species is one of 14 species and 7 subspecies in the tarsier family called "Tarsiidae". They belong to the Haplorrhini suborder, known as the "dry-nosed" primates. The tarsier's eyes are so big that they do not move in its socket and they are almost as big as its brain. The name tumpara, which means tarsier in the local language of Sulawesi, was an attempt to encourage the community in preserving this biological heritage.

Characteristics

Anatomy and physical appearance
The main characteristics of the tumpara tarsiers include having a white ventral fur, lacking the distinctive golden dorsal fur of the Tarsius sangirensis, and having a larger skull compared to its other relatives. Another way to distinguish the T. tumpara from other tarsier species such as T. sangirensis and T. dianae is its distinctive duet note in the different sexes. The Siau Island tarsier is a very small species which measures around 4 to 6 inches (10–15 cm) in body length. Their long tails can add another 8 inches (20 cm) to their total length. They weigh between 100 and 150 grams, which makes them very quiet when they leap on dense vines or branches.

Eyes
The Siau Island tarsier has very big eyes that do not move, and have very big irises that range in shades of gold and brown. The size of its eyes helps the species with nocturnal vision. They have foveal vision, which helps them to see things more sharply. However, they lack a tapetum (which is very common in mammals).

Agility
Siau Island tarsiers are an arboreal species, which means they spend most of their time in trees, and therefore are very agile and excellent at jumping and climbing. They can jump up to 10 ft (3 m) high, have a neck that turns 180 degrees, and have good hearing. They also have long thin fingers which helps them to grab things such as when they are capturing prey. The T. tumpara's main method of hunting consists of sitting quietly on a branch and waiting for a prey to arrive to attack it.

Reproduction
Siau Island tarsiers can reach sexual maturity at two years old, this means that they carry and give birth to an offspring. Pregnancy lasts around six months and the mother gives birth to a single  offspring.

Nutrition
They are a carnivorous species that feed on small animals such as frogs, lizards and small birds, but mostly eat insects like spiders. They have a very wide mouth, strong jaw and sharp teeth which help them feed off small animals.

Geography
Tarsiers are found in Southeast Asia, though the T. tumpara is endemic to Siau Island, Indonesia. This species was located geographically using GIS and Geographic Profiling and they have found that they live in a small range of 125 km, with an even smaller occupancy range of approximately 19.4 km. The tumpara tarsier species has a population of approximately 1,358–12,470 and is declining due to the many threats they face.

Habitat
The tarsier species are nocturnal and can be found sleeping in tree holes during the day, especially those of fig trees (Ficus), depending on what forest they are in. They can usually be found entering their trees to go sleep between 5:00 AM and 6:00 AM. The members of each group sleep individually in their own trees to avoid a predator attack on the entire family.

Taxonomy
Its existence as a distinct taxon was predicted by the hybrid biogeographic hypothesis for Sulawesi.  The rationale was that a geographic discontinuity existed between the northern tip of Sulawesi, and the population of tarsiers on Sangihe Island (the Sangihe tarsier Tarsius sangirensis), approximately  to the north.  In between, lay very deep oceans and three island clusters, Biaro, Tagulandang/Ruang, and Siau.  Like Sangihe Island, itself, each of these three island clusters are a part of the Sangihe Island volcanic arc.  Volcanic arcs, like the Galapagos and Hawaiian Island chains, feature islands that erupt from the ocean floor.  In such circumstances, islands form independently, are colonized independently, and remain geographically isolated.  These characteristics lead to high levels of endemism.  The presence of tarsiers on the most distant island group in the Sangihe volcanic arc (i.e. Sangihe island), led to curiosity about the presence of tarsiers on the other islands in the chain.  Each of the three island clusters mentioned above were surveyed for the presence of tarsiers in 2004 and 2005, but tarsiers were only observed on Siau.

It was furthermore elaborated upon that the original description of T. sangirensis included mention of a specimen from Siau in the Dresden Museum.  Thus it was argued for further investigations of the Siau tarsier to see if it was taxonomically separable from T. sangirensis.

Conservation
The Sangihe Islands are known for their critically endangered avifauna, and concerns about the conservation status of the Siau Island tarsier grew before its formal description. The Siau Island tarsier was selected for the list of "The World's 25 Most Endangered Primates" by the IUCN Species Survival Commission, Primate Specialist Group. The Sangihe Islands are known for their critically endangered avifauna, and concerns about the conservation status of the Siau Island tarsier grew before its formal description. Some of the reasons as to why this species of tarsier is critically endangered is because they are hunted for their meat, to be used as traditional medicine and to be sold as domestic pets in the pet trade. Its habit is at risk since it is not recorded as a protected area, and therefore is subjective to drastic habitat loss if no conservation practices are put in place. The progressive disappearance of its habitat, with the large population of the Siau people [311 people/km2], restrains the primate communities within a small area.  Other threats such as the volcanic activities of the island, though most of these are interconnected and all play an important role in the endangerment of the tumpara tarsier. This species is rapidly declining, having declined by more than 25% in the last 25 years.

Predators
The species primary predators are humans, arboreal snakes, lizards, birds of prey and feral cats. However, their cryptic behaviour makes it difficult for predators to catch them.

References

Further reading

External links

Siau Island tarsier
Endemic fauna of Indonesia
Mammals of Sulawesi
Primates of Indonesia
~
Critically endangered fauna of Asia
Siau Island tarsier
Taxa named by Colin Groves
Critically endangered fauna of Indonesia


is a Japanese video game designer and amateur musician who has contributed to the visual design and music of the Lumines series of games. He served as the art director of the original PSP game and as the director of Lumines Supernova for the PlayStation 3. Yokota created the original prototype of Lumines and composed three songs, which were later arranged for the album Lumines Remixes.

Selected games
Panzer Dragoon Zwei (1996): Ending CG illustrations
Panzer Dragoon Saga (1998): Illustrations
Rez (2001): Art Director & Lead Artist
Lumines (2004): Art Director, Composer (in collaboration with Takayuki Nakamura)
Lumines Supernova (2008): Director

References

External links
Interview: Nakamura, Yokota On The Origins Of Lumines Supernova

Japanese male musicians
Japanese musicians
Japanese video game designers
Living people
Video game artists
Video game composers
Year of birth missing (living people)


Paul Gallagher may refer to:

 Paul Gallagher (barrister) (born 1955), Attorney General of Ireland, 2007–2011
 Paul Gallagher (bishop) (born 1954), diplomat of the Holy See
 Paul Gallagher (footballer) (born 1984), Scottish football player for Preston North End
 Paul Gallagher (trade unionist) (born 1944), English trade union leader

See also
 Paul Gallacher (born 1979), Scottish football goalkeeper (Dundee United, Norwich City, Dunfermline Athletic, St. Mirren, Partick Thistle, Scotland)


A New English Dictionary: or, a complete collection of the most proper and significant words, commonly used in the language was an English dictionary compiled by philologist John Kersey and first published in London in 1702.

Unlike previous dictionaries, which had focused on documenting difficult words, A New English Dictionary was one of the first to focus on words in common usage. It was also the first to be written by a professional lexicographer.

Kersey later continued his lexicographic career by enlarging Edward Phillips' The New World of English Words in 1706 and editing the Dictionarium Anglo-Britannicum in 1708.

The original title of the Oxford English Dictionary was A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles, and it was sometimes given the abbreviation NED, for New English Dictionary.

English dictionaries
1702 books


Baothghalach Mór Mac Aodhagáin (1550–1600) was an Irish poet.

Reputedly from Duniry, he was of the Mac Aodhagáin clan of poets. In his lifetime, his family were keepers of Leabhar Breac. His poems were edited by Lambert McKenna  in 1939.

References

 Lambert McKenna (ed.) (1939) Aithdioghluim Dána, Dublin, Irish Texts Society.

1550 births
1600 deaths
Writers from County Galway
16th-century Irish-language poets
People of Elizabethan Ireland


The Hays House is an historic Greek Revival house near  Lorman, Mississippi. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 10, 2009. The Hays House is one of a few Greek Revival cottages in Mississippi to have a "full-façade gallery". The property was the Highlighted Property of the Week when the National Park Service released its weekly list of March 20, 2009.

References

Houses completed in 1858
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Mississippi
Houses in Jefferson County, Mississippi
Greek Revival houses in Mississippi
National Register of Historic Places in Jefferson County, Mississippi


Rushdi Said () (May 12, 1920 – February 8, 2013) was an Egyptian scientist. He was educated at Cairo, Zurich, and Harvard Universities. A professor of geology, he was the chairman of the board of the Egyptian Mining and Geological Research Organization (1968–1977). He played a major role in the development of this organization with the new mining discoveries that enabled Egypt to compensate for the various mines lost after the occupation of Sinai.

He had the opportunity to be involved in politics in the 1960s and 1970s as a member of the People's Assembly and also in the International Parliamentary Union. Rushdi was unique in choosing to specialize in the subject of geological Egypt. He wrote a book on Egypt's geology which won the admiration of the world's scientists and became a recognized authority on a local level and globally. He was also an expert in irrigation. He has written books and articles on mining and agriculture and irrigation in Egypt and the region in general. His main project, to which he has devoted years of his life, is the renaissance of Egypt and the development of the Egyptian population. He served as a professor at Cairo University from 1950 until 1968, and was the manager of the Mining and Geological Research Institute in the period from 1968 - 1977.

Rushdi was honored by Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser in 1962, who awarded him the Order of Sciences and Arts, First Class. He was also awarded the 2003 leadership of the American Association of Petroleum Geology, in recognition of his scientific work on the geology of Egypt and the Middle East, which opened up new horizons for the application of this science in the search for oil in the region.

Biography
Said was born in 1920 in Elkolali, a district of Shoubra, Cairo, in a middle-class family with roots from Assiut. He studied at Cairo University's Faculty of Science, where he graduated in 1941 with honors then was appointed as a lecturer in the same college. He began teaching geology in the faculty after returning from a scientific study in the University of Zurich, Switzerland, in 1951. He lived in Washington, D.C. from 1981 until his death.

The diversion of the Nile Valley
This is a Rushdi Said project proposing the reconstruction of the vast western desert of Egypt and transferring it to a useful territory. The draft, Said has suggested, is to link the Western Sahara with the Nile Valley to a network of transport and communications. It is proposed to stay within the area north of the Western Sahara and is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea from the north and Qattara Depression and the Siwa Oasis from the south This vast area has a mild climate, flat topography and proximity to areas of energy of natural gas and centres of urbanization and the sea that can be used in the cooling water in many industries.

Books
Foraminifera of the northern Red Sea. 1949
The river Nile by Rushdi Said
(Pergamon, 1993)
The geological survey of Egypt, 1896-1971 by Rushdi Said
(Ministry of Industry, Petroleum and Mineral Wealth, Egyptian Geological Survey and Mining Authority, 1971)
Science and politics in Egypt by Rushdi Said
(American University in Cairo Press, 2004)  )
Explanatory notes to accompany the geological map of Egypt
(Ministry of Industry, Petroleum, and Mineral Wealth, Geological Survey of Egypt and Mining Authority, 1971)
Subsurface geology of Cairo area 1975
The geology of Egypt.1962
(Elsevier Pub. Co.
al- Ḥaqīqah wa-al-wahm fī al-wāqiʻ al-Miṣrī
(Dār al-Hilāl, 1996)
The geological evolution of the River Nile
(Springer-Verlag, 1981)
Riḥlat ʻumr
(Dār al-Hilāl, 2000)

References
 Science & Politics in Egypt, A Life's Journey
 The desert dream
 The nile river: Geology, hydrology and utilization
The Waters of the Levant
 An Egyptian dream
Rushdi Said's obituary
Rushdi Said's obituary

1920 births
2013 deaths
Egyptian geologists
Academic staff of Cairo University
Harvard University alumni
Egyptian emigrants to the United States
University of Zurich alumni
Cairo University alumni
Egyptian expatriates in Switzerland


Marion Harry Alexander Spielmann (London, 22 May 1858 – 1948) was a prolific Victorian art critic and scholar who was the editor of The Connoisseur and Magazine of Art. Among his voluminous output, he wrote a history of Punch, the first biography of John Everett Millais and a detailed investigation into the evidence for portraits of William Shakespeare.

Early life
Marion Spielmann (perhaps confusingly, several female relatives were similarly called Marian Spielmann) was born in London in 1858, the youngest son and eighth child of Adam Spielmann (1812–1869), one of three brothers who had emigrated from Schokken (now Skoki), near Posen (now Poznan). Of Marion's own brothers, two were also celebrated figures: Sir Isidore Spielmann (1854–1925) was the eldest and was a civil-engineer turned art-connoisseur, knighted in 1905; the middle brother, Sir Meyer Spielmann (1856–1936) was primarily concerned with education and youth-rehabilitation, knighted in 1928, but was also an art-collector. Marion's nephews and nieces included the women's suffrage campaigner Eva Hubback.

Spielmann was educated at University College School and University College London. He soon established himself as an art journalist, writing for the Pall Mall Gazette from 1883 to 1890, most notably discussing the work of G. F. Watts.

Career
By the 1880s, Spielmann had become "one of the most powerful figures in the late Victorian art world". From 1887 to 1904 Spielmann edited the Magazine of Art. The influence of Impressionism and Aestheticism was particularly strong at this period, and under Spielmann's editorship, the journal encouraged lively debate about these movements. Spielmann commissioned articles from traditionalists like William Powell Frith and Millais as well as supporters of the new art. He also founded Black and White, a journal devoted to the print revival, and was a regular contributor to The Graphic, the Illustrated London News, and other periodicals."

Spielmann was also active in arts administration and was closely involved with the controversy over the Chantrey Bequest, which led to his altering the conditions under which works were purchased for the bequest by the Royal Academy of Arts. He was the juror for England in the 1898 Brussels Fine Art Exhibition. He also advised internationally on art collecting. He was a member of the Athenaeum.

Spielmann was himself essentially a traditionalist who resisted the advance of Post-Impressionist and modern art. He typically emphasised masculine and decisive qualities in art, for example describing the sculptor George Anderson Lawson as "strong, manly and artistic". For Spielmann, Millais epitomised these qualities. With the rise of Modernism, Spielmann's influence became increasingly marginal.

Family life
In 1880, Spielmann married his first cousin, Mabel Henriette Samuel (1862–1938), sister of Herbert Samuel; they had one son, Percy Edwin Spielmann (1881–1964). Mabel was herself an accomplished writer, best known as a children's author, but also a biographer of Charlotte Brontë and a writer on the history of art. As a children's author, Mabel Spielmann is probably best known for her 1909 work: The Rainbow Book: Tales of Fun and Fancy.

References

External links

1858 births
1948 deaths
People from London
English art critics
People educated at University College School
English Jews
English people of Polish-Jewish descent


The Dictionarium Anglo-Britannicum is a dictionary compiled by philologist John Kersey, which was first published in London in 1708.

It was the third dictionary he had edited, after his 1702 A New English Dictionary and his 1706 revision of Edward Phillips' 1658 dictionary The New World of English Words. The Dictionarium Anglo-Britannicum is essentially an abridged version of this latter dictionary.

References
 Hüllen, Werner, A History of Roget's Thesaurus: Origins, Development and Design (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005). . pp. 159–169.

External links
 Scan of the Dictionarium from Google Books

English dictionaries
1708 books


The Speaker of the Cook Islands Parliament is the presiding officer of the Cook Islands Parliament.  The manage the House in accordance with its Standing Orders and according to the traditions of the Westminster system.

The current Speaker is Tai Tura.

Election

The Speaker is elected by the House at the beginning of a parliamentary term according to the provisions of the Cook Islands Constitution and the Standing Orders.  Unlike other Westminster systems the Speaker does not have to be a Member of Parliament, though they must be qualified to be one.  By law they may not be a Cabinet Minister.

The Constitution requires that Parliament elect the person nominated by the Prime Minister, however the parliament's Standing Orders include a process for contested elections.

Following their election the Speaker must present themselves to the Queen's Representative to swear an oath of allegiance and lay claim to the privileges of the House.

The Speaker holds office until they cease to be an MP (or, in the case of a Speaker who is not an MP, cease to be qualified to be one), become a Minister, are removed by a vote of the House, or Parliament is dissolved.

Deputy Speaker

The Speaker is assisted by a Deputy Speaker, elected by Parliament.  The current Deputy Speaker is Tingika Elikana.

Holders of the office

Eight people have held the office of Speaker since the creation of Parliament. A full list of speakers is below.

References

External links
 Constitution of the Cook Islands
 Standing Orders of the Cook Islands Parliament
 Cook Islands Parliament

Cook Islands, Parliament
Politics of the Cook Islands


Tjuvholmen is a neighborhood in the borough Majorstuen in Oslo, Norway. It is located on a peninsula sticking out from Aker Brygge into the Oslofjord. It is located east of Filipstad and south of Vika. At the tip of the peninsula, next to the sculpture park, is an outdoor bathing area. The water leads out to the Inner Oslofjord.

The area was bought by the shipyard Akers Mekaniske Verksted in the mid 19th century, who planned to build a drydock there. Instead, it was bought by the municipality in 1914, and transferred to the port authority in 1919. They built docks and artificial land, increasing the area from . From the 1960s, Fred. Olsen & Co. rented the docks, and from 1971 Nylands Mekaniske Verkstad had a shipyard on the spot. Since 1982, the area has been used for office space, terminals, and warehouses. The Norwegian National Academy of Ballet was located there.

Since 2005, the area has been sold to private developers, who are conducting an urban renewal with housing. The area has about 1,200 apartments since 2012. It is part of the Fjord City urban renewal program. This program has seen the opening of several art galleries, amongst them the Astrup Fearnley Museum of Modern Art and the Gallery Haaken. Tjuvholmen skulpturpark, next to the museum, was created by Renzo Piano.

Geology
The geology of the former islet is of great interest. The German geologist Leopold von Buch visited the area in 1806–07, and he then discovered and described rhomb porphyry for the first time.

The name
The first element is tjuv (thief), the last element is the finite form of holme (islet). (The islet was later turned into a peninsula because of post-glacial rebound.) Thieves were executed here in the 18th century. An older (Danish) spelling of the name was "Tyveholmen".

References

Neighbourhoods of Oslo
Fjord City


Colm de Bhailís (2 May 1796 – 27 February 1906) was an Irish poet, songwriter, stonemason and centenarian who lived to be 109 years old.

Biography
De Bhailís was from Lettermullen, Connemara. A stonemason who traveled extensively throughout Ireland, he is believed to have lived for some time in Kilrush, County Clare, and Westport, County Mayo. Amhrán a Tae and Cúirt an tSrutháin Bhuí, were the best-known of the at least seventeen poems he is known to have written. He is recorded living at the poorhouse at Cregg, Oughterard. County Galway in the British census of 1901 as simply CW, aged 105. (Wallace being the anglicised version of his surname).

Thanks to the efforts of Pádraig Pearse and Éamon de Valera he was moved from the poorhouse to lodge with the O'Toole family, Main Street, Oughterard. He lived until he was 109 years old, falling a few months shy of supercentenarian status, and was buried in Oughterard's Kilcummin Old Cemetery.

Personal life and death
He was twice a widower. His second wife, Úna, died around 1900. He had a son by his first wife, Siobhán Frainc Ní Lochlainn. The boy was baptised Tomás and died in 1877, aged twenty-two.

Bibliography
Amhrán Chuilm de Bhailís (1904), ed. by J.H. Lloyd, with notices by Douglas Hyde and Pádraig Pearse.

References

External links
https://www.ainm.ie/Bio.aspx?ID=11
https://www.ainm.ie/Bio.aspx?ID=11
http://www.oughterardheritage.org/content/people/colm_de_bhails
Profile, anghaeltacht.net; accessed 22 July 2017.
Profile, jstor.org; accessed 22 July 2017.

1796 births
1906 deaths
19th-century Irish-language poets
Irish centenarians
Irish male poets
Irish male songwriters
Men centenarians
Writers from County Galway
Stonemasons
People from Oughterard, County Galway
19th-century Irish songwriters


John Kersey the younger (fl. 1720) was an English philologist and lexicographer of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. He is notable for editing three dictionaries in his lifetime: A New English Dictionary (1702), a revised version of Edward Phillips' The New World of English Words (1706) and the Dictionarium Anglo-Britannicum (1708).

As well as being amongst the earliest monolingual English dictionaries, they were also amongst the first to focus on words in common use, rather than on difficult words.

Life
He was son of John Kersey the elder, with whom he has often been confused, and revised the work of his father in the fourteenth edition of the Arithmetic of Edmund Wingate (1720). He, more probably than his father, contributed the Discourse to an unlearned Prince' to the Translation of Plutarch's Morals, which appeared 1684-5 (republished 1870).

He was mainly occupied with lexicography. The sixth edition of Phillips' New World of Words, which was published in 1706, was edited by him (Pref to Dict. Anglo-Britannicum, 1708). He greatly added to the number of words, and published a seventh edition in 1720. Another dictionary, the New English Dictionary, of which the first edition is said to have appeared in 1702 (2nd 1713, 3rd 1731, &c.), was also assigned on the title-page to J. K., but Kersey's responsibility for the work has been questioned. In 1708 was printed his Dictionarium Anglo-Britannicum, comprehending a brief explication of all sorts of difficult words; a new edition in 1715 contained 'words and phrases made use of in our ancient statutes, old records, charters;' the third edition appeared in 1721. About this work, Starnes & Noyes said "Kersey's vocabulary, estimated at 35,000 words, far surpasses that of any preceding dictionary, with the single exception of the folio Kersey-Phillips, which, amazingly enough considering its difference in physical size, it almost equals."

The scholars go on to state that, "Kersey was, obviously, the first outstanding lexicographer. The first decade of the eighteenth century had produced five new dictionaries, and its lexicography had been dominated by the activities of John Kersey. Kersey was...a notable pioneer, rejected outmoded material and methods, working toward modern concepts, and in general playing his role of lexicographer with responsibility and intelligence. He must be credited with the first universal dictionary; with the first abridged dictionary; with the largest, most useful, and most competently executed dictionaries produced up to his time."

From Kersey's Dictionarium Thomas Chatterton borrowed part of his archaic vocabulary.

The date of his death is uncertain.

References

English lexicographers
17th-century births
18th-century deaths
18th-century English people