USS Alaskan (ID-4542) was a United States Navy cargo ship and troop transport in commission from 1918 to 1919.

Construction and commercial service, 1902–1918
Alaska was built in 1902 at San Francisco, California, by the Union Iron Works as the commercial cargo ship SS Alaskan for the American-Hawaiian Steamship Company, which employed her on the New York City-to-San Francisco-to-Honolulu, Hawaii, trade. Alaskan and her sister ship  — which later served in the U.S. Navy as  — represented, according to a contemporary account, the "most advanced practice in the construction of ocean-going freighters and ... a most important addition to the American merchant marine." Intended exclusively for carrying freight, Alaskan was designed as a very strong ship with a large stowage capacity.

United States Navy service, 1918–1919

World War I service
The U.S. Navy inspected Alaskan in the 3rd Naval District on 23 May 1917, found her desirable for World War I Navy service, and assigned her the Naval Registry Identification Number (Id. No.) 4542, but did not take control of her for several more months. On 12 March 1918, the United States Shipping Board turned the ship over to the United States Department of War as a cargo ship to be manned and operated by the Naval Overseas Transportation Service (NOTS) for the United States Army on a bareboat charter basis. The Navy took control of her that same day and commissioned her on 23 March 1918 at Morse Dry Dock, Brooklyn, New York, as USS Alaskan.

Alaskan departed Brooklyn for Hampton Roads, Virginia, on the afternoon of 24 March 1918. Anchoring in Hampton Roads in the predawn darkness of 26 March 1918, she moved shortly thereafter to the Norfolk and Western Piers, docking there at 12:28 hours. Over the ensuing days, she received more men and underwent repairs. Yard work completed and her complement brought up to full allowance, Alaskan shifted to Pier 5, U. S. Army Piers, Newport News, Virginia, on 13 April 1918 to take on cargo. On 16 April 1918, she proceeded to sea and joined a France-bound convoy on 17 April 1918. She reached Brest, France, on the afternoon of 2 May 1918, then weighed anchor early on the morning of 3 May 1918 to proceed in a coastal convoy to St. Nazaire, France.

On 3 May 1918, during the voyage, one of the ships in the convoy, the American merchant ship SS Pearl F., attempted to cut between columns, veering across Alaskans bow. The accident resulted in Alaskans stem being badly twisted to starboard, and plates attached to her stem either broke off or cracked, but she was still able to complete the voyage, anchoring at St. Nazaire that evening. However, due to crowded harbor conditions, she did not begin discharging cargo until 6 May 1918.

On 13 May 1918, lookouts aboard Alaskan spotted a fire breaking out on board U.S. Navy animal transport USS Mexican (ID-1655), lying directly ahead of Alaskan in St. Nazaire harbor. Alaskan called away her fire and rescue party, which aided Mexicans men in controlling the blaze before it did serious damage.

Alaskan remained in French waters into June 1918, first at St. Nazaire, completing the discharge of her cargo, before proceeding down the coast, passing the Île d'Yeu on 7 June 1918 in a coastal convoy bound for the Gironde River, which she reached later that day. Getting underway on 10 June 1918 for the return voyage to the United States, the ship brought her first voyage for NOTS to a close when she reached New York Harbor late on 23 June 1918.

Alsakan underwent voyage repairs at Morse Drydock, Brooklyn, before moving to Bush Terminal Pier No. 6 to take on cargo, then began her second wartime voyage in naval service on 28 July 1918, again crossing the Atlantic Ocean in a convoy. Carrying the vice commodore of the convoy, Lieutenant Commander Isaiah F. Shurtleff, USNRF, Alaskan arrived at St. Nazaire on 12 August 1918, anchoring late on 13 August 1918. Among the cargo she discharged was oil for the tanks at the United States Naval Aviation Station, Le Croisic, France. With a return cargo that included ordnance material, Alaskan got underway for the United States on the afternoon of 28 August 1918 and reached Hampton Roads on the afternoon of 13 September 1918.

For her third U.S. Navy voyage during the war, Alaskan cleared Hampton Roads on 29 September 1918 and joined a France-bound convoy on 30 September 1918, this time routed via Gibraltar. Arriving at Gibraltar on 16 October 1918, Alaskan lingered there until 20 October 1918, when she began the last passage of her voyage. Two days out, at 11:37 hours on 22 October 1918, she collided with and sank a fishing boat. Fortunately, another boat "of similar character" fished the sunken boats men out of the sea.

Reaching Marseille, France, a little before midnight on 23 October 1918, Alaskan discharged lumber, tractors, and trailers, on 26 October 1918 and over ensuing days. She was still lying in port on 11 November 1918 when the news reached her of the signing of the armistice with Germany, an event duly celebrated by the ships sounding her whistle and hoisting Allied flags. Alaskan ultimately reached Newport News, via Gibraltar, on the afternoon of 29 November 1918, bringing to a close her third and final round-trip voyage under the aegis of NOTS.

Postwar service
With World War I over, the return of American troops to the United States from Europe became a priority. Alaskan was selected for conversion to a troop transport. On 10 December 1918, she departed Newport News for New York City. She was assigned to the Cruiser and Transport Force on 12 December 1918. On 19 December 1918, her guns were removed by a U.S. Navy derrick lighter off Weehawken, New Jersey. Over the following weeks, she underwent a metamorphosis from cargo ship to troopship at Brooklyn by the W. A. Fletcher Shipyard under the direction of U.S. Army authorities, with the addition of troop accommodations for up to 2,260 men.<ref>The ship{}s Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships entry at http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/a5/alaskan.htm states "Unfortunately, as will be seen, the initial estimates of her troop carrying capacity were much too high", but nowhere does the entry explain this statement further, nor do other sources shed light on what the statement refers to.</ref>

Now a troop transport, Alaskan cleared New York Harbor on 24 February 1919 bound for France, and reached St. Nazaire on 10 March 1919. After embarking troops between 09:10 and 17:10 hours on 15 March 1919, she got underway later that day on the return leg of the voyage. She moored at Army Pier No. 2, Hoboken, New Jersey, on 31 March 1919, and, after quick voyage repairs, departed again for European waters on 7 April 1919. She conducted three more trooping voyages, one to Bordeaux, France, and two to St. Nazaire, each time returning to disembark returning "doughboys" at Hoboken. She sent her last contingents of troops ashore alongside Pier No. 8, Hoboken, on the afternoon of 16 July 1919.

After drydocking at Brooklyn and the removal of her troop accommodations, Alaskan was back at Pier No. 8, Hoboken, by 24 July 1919. On 5 August 1919, at 16:02 hours, Alaskan was turned over to her prewar owners, the American-Hawaiian Steamship Company.

Commercial service, 1919–1933
Once again SS Alaskan, the ship operated under the house flag of the American-Hawaiian Steamship Company until sold to Italian interests in 1927. Under Italian ownership, she was renamed SS Memore'' and was registered by the Companie Generale Armamento Soc. Anon., her home port being listed as Genoa, Italy. She remained on contemporary merchant vessel lists until 1933, and then her name disappeared from the rolls. Presumably, she was scrapped in Italy during or soon after 1933.

Notes

References

Department of the Navy: Naval Historical Center Online Library of Selected Images: Civilian Ships: Alaskan (American Freighter, 1902). Served as USS Alaskan (ID # 4542) in 1918–1919
NavSource Online: Section Patrol Craft Photo Archive: Alaskan (ID 4542)

World War I cargo ships of the United States
World War I transports of the United States
Ships built in San Francisco
1901 ships
Cargo ships of the United States Navy
Unique transports of the United States Navy
Ships built by Union Iron Works


Dennis Patrick Casey (March 30, 1858 – January 19, 1909) was a professional baseball player who played outfielder in the Major Leagues from -. He would play for the Wilmington Quicksteps and Baltimore Orioles.  Dennis Patrick Casey is rumored to be the infamous "Casey at the Bat".

External links

1858 births
1909 deaths
Major League Baseball outfielders
Baseball players from New York (state)
Baltimore Orioles (AA) players
Wilmington Quicksteps players
19th-century baseball players
Harrisburg (minor league baseball) players
Wilmington Quicksteps (minor league) players
Hamilton Primrose players
Newark Domestics players
Newark Little Giants players
Newark Trunkmakers players
Lowell (minor league baseball) players
Hartford (minor league baseball) players
Hamilton Hams players
Montreal (minor league baseball) players
Elmira Gladiators players
Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players
Binghamton Bingoes players


Alfred Saunders (12 June 1820 – 28 October 1905) was a politician from New Zealand.

Early life and family
Saunders was born in 1820 in Market Lavington, the youngest son of Mary and Amram Saunders. He was educated in Market Lavington and at a Bristol academy. The temperance campaigner Mary Bayly was his sister and William Saunders (1823–1895) was a younger brother.

He married Rhoda Flower in 1847. They had ten children, including Sarah Page. Rhoda died in 1898.

He was remarried in England in 1899 to Sarah Box.

Political career

He was elected onto the Nelson Provincial Council representing Waimea South in 1855 and remained a councillor until his election of Superintendent for the Nelson Province from 1865 to 1867. He was elected as Member of Parliament for Waimea in 1861, and he resigned from this seat in 1864. He then represented Cheviot from 1878 to 1881 when he was defeated. He unsuccessfully contested the  in the  electorate. He contested the  in the  electorate and was defeated by John Verrall by just two votes.

From 1889 to 1890 he represented the Lincoln electorate and from 1890 to 1896 he represented Selwyn, being defeated at the general election of 1896 for the latter constituency.
He supported the Temperance Union petition in favour of woman's suffrage to Parliament in 1891.

Authorship
Alfred Saunders was an author and his published titles include;
 "History of New Zealand" a comprehensive two volume publication (550 pages.) 1896–99. Contains much on early NZ Governments. Available on line.
 "The Perfect Draft Horse" 1886
 "Tales of a Pioneer" published by his daughters, 1927. Also available on line
 "Our Domestic Birds" 1883
 "Our Horses" 1885.

References

Further reading

1820 births
1905 deaths
Superintendents of New Zealand provincial councils
Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives
Members of the Nelson Provincial Council
Unsuccessful candidates in the 1881 New Zealand general election
Unsuccessful candidates in the 1887 New Zealand general election
Unsuccessful candidates in the 1896 New Zealand general election
Unsuccessful candidates in the 1884 New Zealand general election
New Zealand MPs for South Island electorates
19th-century New Zealand politicians
Alfred


The Federal Reserve Transparency Act of 2015 () was a bill introduced in the U.S. House of Representatives of the 114th United States Congress by Congressman Thomas Massie (KY-4). It included proposals for a reformed audit of the Federal Reserve System (the "Fed"). The Senate version was introduced by Senator Rand Paul (R-KY). ().

The original version of the bill, (), was proposed by now retired Congressman Ron Paul in response to the 2008 financial crisis during the 111th United States Congress. The Senate version was introduced by Bernie Sanders (I-VT). (). Ron Paul was disappointed with the Senate's version of the bill, stating it "guts the spirit of a truly meaningful audit of the most crucial transactions of the Fed".

The bill was subsequently brought up in the 112th United States Congress as () / and  in the 113th United States Congress  as ()/. All three previous attempts passed in United States House of Representatives but died in the US Senate.

Purpose
According to its short title, the Federal Reserve Transparency Act of 2009 () would have amended Title 31 of the United States Code "to reform the manner in which the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System is audited by the Comptroller General of the United States and the manner in which such audits are reported". It would have stricken exceptions to the audit protocol in  for the Federal Reserve System, the central bank of the United States, and would have replaced an indefinite deadline with a deadline of December 2010. If enacted, the bill would also have ensured that the audit results would be available to Congress. The audit would include the Fed's "discount window", its funding facilities, its open market operations, and its agreements with foreign bankers.

The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System has stated that "the financial statements of the Federal Reserve Banks and the Board of Governors are audited annually by an independent outside auditor." The
bill's sponsor, Congressman Ron Paul (R-TX), countered by stating that the present audit process exempts the Fed's "most crucial activities".

Legislative history

House
Representative Paul introduced the bill to the U.S. House of Representatives of the 111th Congress on February 26, 2009, at which point it was referred to the Committee on Financial Services. Its 11 original cosponsors were Neil Abercrombie (D-HI), Michele Bachmann (R-MN), Roscoe Bartlett (R-MD), Paul Broun (R-GA), Dan Burton (R-IN), Walter B. Jones (R-NC), Steve Kagen (D-WI), Ted Poe (R-TX), Bill Posey (R-FL), Denny Rehberg (R-MT), and Lynn Woolsey (D-CA).

He immediately promoted the bill at the annual Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) on February 27. Paul charges the Federal Open Market Committee with being "less than transparent" with its secret meetings. In an April 2009 editorial, Paul thanked the Fed for its responsive attempt to enhance transparency and accountability, but called it "window dressing at best, and it's utterly useless at worst".

Progress

As the 111th Congress drew to its close in December 2010,  had 320 cosponsors, including all House Republicans, as well as over 100 Democrats, suggesting broad bipartisan support.  Dennis Kucinich (D-OH) became the 218th sponsor as listed at THOMAS.gov on June 11; 218 votes are needed to pass any bill in the House, and 290 were needed for a veto-proof majority. Barney Frank (D-MA), Chairman of the House Committee on Financial Services through which the bill must pass, finally endorsed the bill in August following months of silence. Frank later reversed his position on the bill after the Watt amendment was rejected and Watt's revisions undone by an amendment co-sponsored by Paul and Alan Grayson (D-FL).

Amendment to Financial Stability Improvement Act of 2009 (HR 3996)
On November 19, 2009, the Committee on Financial Services approved the Paul-Grayson amendment to the Financial Stability Improvement Act of 2009 (). The amendment includes many provisions of the Federal Reserve Transparency Act, including removing GAO audit restrictions and allowing a more complete audit of the Federal Reserve, including reviewing various policies and agreements with foreign entities.  It was passed by in a 43-26 vote, with bipartisan support despite opposition from former supporter and Committee Chairman Barney Frank. The amendment was also opposed by Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke, Treasury Secretary Tim Geithner and others from the Obama administration.

Frank declined to vote for the final amendment after proposed changes made by fellow Democrat Melvin Watt representing North Carolina's 12th congressional district, which encompasses most of Bank of America hometown Charlotte, were stripped out in favor of the amendment's original language by the amendment proposed by Paul and Grayson.  Watt's proposed version included provisions that allowed audits of the Fed's balance sheet, but not for the monetary policy.  Ryan Grim, a contributor for the left-leaning news blog The Huffington Post suggested Watt's amendment was an attempt to create less transparency than before at the Federal Reserve.

Passage by the House
The Financial Stability Improvement Act was combined, along with several other bills from the same committee, into The Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2009 - Financial Stability Improvement Act of 2009 (). The House passed the new bill on December 11, 2009 on a vote of 223-202. The vote was mostly along party lines, with no Republicans voting for the bill. Paul, objecting to some of the provisions of the combined bill, voted against passage despite the inclusion of the audit provisions he had been proposing for years.

Senate

On March 16, 2009, U.S. Senator Bernie Sanders (I-VT) introduced the Senate companion version, , the Federal Reserve Sunshine Act of 2009, with the same provisions. This version was then referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. The bill had 32 co-sponsors as of 01/28/2010.

Senate Amendment 1367
On July 6, 2009, U.S. Senator Jim DeMint attempted to amend HR 2918, the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act by adding the entire text of  as Senate Amendment 1367. However, U.S. Senator Ben Nelson stopped the amendment by claiming it violated Senate Rule 16, by "legislating" on an appropriations bill. The Senate president agreed, but when challenged by DeMint, admitted that many other GAO audits in the bill also violated Rule 16, but took no action. The bill passed without further changes.

Related legislation
The two titles for these two versions of the bill are not to be confused with the same two titles (used in reverse) for the two versions of a related bill. The House "Federal Reserve Sunshine Act of 2009" by Paul (), and the Senate "Federal Reserve Transparency Act of 2009" by Sanders (), require the Federal Reserve to publish information on financial assistance provided to various entities during the 2008 bailout. This bill creates a website listing all banks that have borrowed from the Fed since March 24, 2008, and the amount, terms, and "specific rationale" of the loans. Sanders commented, "I have a hard time understanding how you have put $2.2 trillion at risk without making those names available." Fed chair Ben Bernanke had told Sanders that publishing the names would make the banks feel stigmatized and potentially reluctant to borrow further. There was also a bill introduced in the 116th Congress called the Federal Reserve Sunshine Act of 2020 by Congressman Mark Green (TN-07). This bill would rescind the CARES Act provision that allows the Federal Reserve's Board of Governors to conduct meetings without complying with federal open records laws.

Criticism

Senator Judd Gregg called the Paul-Grayson amendment "pandering to populism", saying the audit requirements would be detrimental to monetary policy. Gregg added that "It's great PR; you go home and beat up the Fed."

"I strongly oppose Audit the Fed," said Federal Reserve chief Janet Yellen, saying that it would "bring short-term political pressures to bear" on the central bank and dissuade it from making the "hard choices" needed to curb inflation. The central bank's chair, in opposing the idea, said it would "politicize monetary policy."

Advocacy
Support for the Federal Reserve Transparency Act of 2009 was one of the issues raised as part of the nationwide 2009 Tea Party protests. During an episode of the Glenn Beck program which broadcast April 15 from a rally at the Alamo in San Antonio, Pat Gray interviewed a local supporter of the Transparency Act, drawing cheers from the crowd.

Support for the bill has also come from those on the left outside of Congress. In a letter to Chairman Barney Frank of the House Financial Services Committee, Ranking Member Spencer Bachus and its members, several progressives such as bloggers Jane Hamsher of Firedoglake, Yves Smith of Naked Capitalism, author Naomi Klein, labor leaders President Richard Trumka of the AFL–CIO, the SEIU's  President Andy Stern, the United Steelworkers's President Leo Gerard, economists Dean Baker, James K. Galbraith, Rob Johnson, and professors William K. Black, Thomas Ferguson, and L. Randall Wray, pushed for passage of the bill and against the adoption of the amendment proposed by Rep. Watt.

The advocacy group Campaign for Liberty (CFL) encourages members to petition representatives to cosponsor the Transparency Act. College Republicans at Appalachian State University, staged a Boston Tea Party themed assembly for tax day 2009, to raise awareness for the Transparency Act; the event included wearing white wristbands to symbolize slavery and mailing tea bags to state representatives. CFL president John Tate promotes the bill in conjunction with dealing with "the silent, destructive tax of monetary inflation", this thought was echoed in the Kansas City Star. Ron Paul, Andrew Napolitano, and state representative Jim Guest promoted the bill "at length" at the crowded first CFL regional conference in St. Louis, Missouri (March 27–29), affirming Americans' "right to know where their tax dollars are going, especially those going to companies from the stimulus package". Pro-gambling group Gambling911.com is also interested in the Transparency Act, as an opportunity to audit the Federal Reserve, and also promoted the CFL "Freedom Celebration" regional conference.

Donald Trump while campaigning for the 2016 presidential Republican nomination has stated that he supports Audit the Fed.

See also
 Federal Reserve Board Abolition Act ()
 Free Competition in Currency Act ()

References

External links
 Audit The Fed - Trans-partisan coalition formed to promoted HR1207/S604.
 H.R. 24:Federal Reserve Transparency Act of 2015, Govtrack.us
 H.R. 1207:Federal Reserve Transparency Act of 2009, Govtrack.us

Federal Reserve System
Proposed legislation of the 111th United States Congress
Proposed legislation of the 112th United States Congress
Proposed legislation of the 113th United States Congress
Proposed legislation of the 114th United States Congress
Proposed legislation of the 115th United States Congress
Proposed legislation of the 116th United States Congress
Proposed legislation of the 117th United States Congress
Ron Paul
Rand Paul
United States proposed federal government administration legislation


Essam Yassin Abbas () (born March 11, 1987 in Iraq) is an Iraqi football player, who currently plays for Al-Shorta SC in Iraq.

Style of play
Essam a complete and dominant defender, who influential at club, His technical, defensive and athletic ability made him a versatile player from a tactical standpoint, and allowed him to be deployed also as a fullback or even as a sweeper.

Honours

Club
Naft Al-Wasat
Iraqi Premier League:  2014–15
Al-Hudood SC

2021–22 Iraq Division One

External links
 Defender Award on Youtube.com
 Top Goal on Youtube.com

Goalzz.com

1987 births
Living people
Iraqi men's footballers
Iraq men's international footballers
2009 FIFA Confederations Cup players
Expatriate men's footballers in Syria
Iraqi expatriate men's footballers
Amanat Baghdad SC players
Al-Shorta SC players
Men's association football defenders
Syrian Premier League players


Patrick Ouart (born 25 May 1959 in Sallenelle, municipality of Pendé, France) is a former French magistrate, and former personal advisor for justice to Prime Minister Edouard Balladur. He is also a former corporate officer at Suez, in charge of ethical issues and corporate governance. From 16 May 2007 to 2009, he served as personal advisor to the former French president Nicolas Sarkozy.

References

1959 births
Living people


The Bunker Hill Mining Company is a mining company with facilities in Kellogg and Wardner, Idaho.

Early history
Simeon Reed bought the Bunker Hill Mine and Mill, and incorporated the Bunker Hill and Sullivan Mining and Concentrating Company on 29 July 1887.   John Hays Hammond was hired to manage the mine, and a new concentrator, The Old South Mill, became operational in 1891, capable of 150 tons per day.  Hammond became president on 2 July 1891, followed by Nathaniel H. Harris on 15 June 1893, when company headquarters were located in San Francisco.  William Henry Crocker, of Crocker National Bank, served as treasurer, in addition to being the major stockholder.

When the mining boom began in the Coeur d'Alene, Idaho mining district, the area was lightly inhabited. The Bunker Hill and the Sullivan companies built a boarding house for miners in 1887.  By 1894, the company employed 332 workers, and in the late 1890s, the company built single-family houses to attract family men.  In 1900, the company opened a company-built Kellogg school building, contributed to the construction of local churches, and started a loan program so employees could own their homes.

Frederick Worthen Bradley, a college-educated engineer, became president in 1897 and remained so until 1933, when Stanley A. Easton took over.

1892 labor unrest

On 11 July 1892, violence erupted during a strike at two nearby mines, the Gem and the Frisco in Burke-Canyon, resulting in the deaths of 3 union members, a Pinkerton detective, and a nonunion worker. Protesting a 1 April 1892 wage cut, after a 1 Jan. 1892 lockout, the union men forced the closure of the Bunker Hill mine. Governor N.B. Willey declared martial law and the military moved in to restore order.  The mine was operational again on 19 July 1892.

Cave-in
The office of the mining inspector during the period 1893 to 1909 was occupied by men who were closely identified with the industry. A cave-in on 23 Feb. 1894, at the Bunker Hill and Sullivan Mine took the lives of three men, shortly after the first state mining inspector took office in 1893. A coroner's jury investigated the incident and issued a report which stated, in part,

We earnestly and emphatically call upon Mine Inspector Haskins to visit these mines immediately and demonstrate that he is willing to enforce the law if there should be any infraction thereof, and that he wears not the collar of any individual or corporation...

The Bunker Hill and Sullivan Mine manager commented upon annual inspections of the enormous mining complex, declaring that the visits were "rather a perfunctory affair" which accomplished little. He argued that an employer would never run an unsafe mine because economic considerations prevented it.

Bradley also wrote Harris, "In working the mine we are sure to kill a certain percentage of our men."  Between March 1893 and Feb. 1894, 15 fatalities occurred at the mine, yet the mine continued to operate under the fellow-servant rule doctrine.

A stronger inspection law was passed in 1909.

Yet, between 1911 and 1912, there were 11 fatalities.  Only with the passing of the Idaho State Workman's Compensation law, was indemnity determined for each injury or death, rather than settled by company benevolence.

1899 labor unrest

In 1899 the Bunker Hill Mining Company had paid more than $600,000 in dividends, and was considered profitable. Miners working in the Bunker Hill and Sullivan mines were receiving fifty cents to a dollar less per day than other miners. The Bunker Hill Mining Company operated the only mines in the district that were not unionized, and the only mines that paid less than union scale of $3.50 per day. The Bunker Hill company employed Pinkerton labor spies to identify union members, who were immediately fired.

The Western Federation of Miners launched an organizing drive at the Bunker Hill Mining Company.

After declaring that the company would rather "shut down and remain closed twenty years" than to recognize the union, Superintendent Albert Burch fired seventeen suspected union members. He demanded that all other union men collect their back pay and quit.

On 29 April 1899, union miners hijacked a Northern Pacific train in Burke and drove it to Wardner, the site of a $250,000 mill of the Bunker Hill mine.  The miners set off three thousand pounds of dynamite, destroying the mill. Two men were killed, one of them a non-union miner, the other a union man accidentally shot by other union miners.  Fire also destroyed the company offices.

Governor Frank Steunenberg declared martial law, and federal troops took over on 4 May 1899.  Over 700 men were arrested, and three People's Party commissioners and sheriff, were impeached and removed from office.  A new and more efficient mill was in operation in 3 months, with a greater capacity.  Additionally, miners were required to take an oath of non-union membership in order to get a permit to work.

The eight-hour day had been a major issue for the Western Federation of Miners throughout the West. In 1900, after the Western Federation of Miners had been crushed in Coeur d'Alene, the Bunker Hill & Sullivan Mine operated with a ten-hour shift, seven days a week.

Years later Harry Orchard, who had assassinated former Idaho Governor Frank Steunenberg, claimed to have helped to light the dynamite charges at the Bunker Hill mill. However, two Coeur d'Alene residents testified that Orchard was with them in Mullan, Idaho playing poker when the mill was dynamited in Wardner.

Orchard also admitted to bombing Bradley's home on 7 Nov. 1904, which left Bradley blind and deaf for two months and scarred his face and body.

Idaho passed an 8-hour work day law in 1907, and in 1919, Bunker Hill agreed to the 8-hour day with the Mine, Mill and Smeltermen's Union No. 18, which included travel to and from their work site within the mine.

Later history
The Bunker Hill Co. employed a total of about 7000 people from 1902 to 1912, with about 460 men working the mine in 1915.  In 1907 built a hospital, and a YMCA building that included a gymnasium, swimming pool and bowling alley. The company improved the water system in 1912, and constructed a sewer system in 1913.  They then paid for a YMCA baseball diamond and playground in 1916.  During WWI, the company offered rent-free housing for dependents of employees serving in the military.  Between 1915 and 1923, the Bunker Hill Co. paid an average annual dividend of about $1.5 million, about 50% of the initial capitalized stock of $3.2 million.

The company built and operated its own lead smelter in Smelterville, Idaho, starting on 5 July 1917, but continued to use the ASARCO smelter in Tacoma until 1 February 1930. In 1920 the company gained a controlling interest in the Northwest Lead Co., which made lead plumbing supplies and white lead.  The company then was able to mine, mill, smelt, refine, manufacture, and market lead.  The company then constructed an electrolytic zinc plant after purchasing the Star Mine in Burke.  Bunker Hill formed an equal partnership with Hecla Mining to develop the Star Ore and develop the zinc plant, calling the company the Sullivan Mining Company. The Star ore was accessed and mined from an almost 8000 foot tunnel from the lower workings of Hecla Mine. The tunnel was started in 1921, and the zinc plant was operational by October 1928, and used Dr. U.C. Tainton's process. The Tainton process used sulphuric acid to combine with the zinc, forming a sulphate solution, followed by electrolysis to remove the zinc.  The product was called Bunker Hill 99.9 percent zinc. Tainton was paid a 10% royalty in return for Bunker Hill to have exclusive rights within the county. A cadmium recovery system was added to the zinc plant in 1929.  In addition to the Star ore, Bunker Hill acquired zinc-lead-silver mines in the Pine Creek District, which they developed from an extension of the Kellogg tunnel.

In 1924, while incorporating in the state of Delaware, the company set aside 300,00 shares of preferred stock for employees.  Bunker Hill stock was listed on the New York Curb Exchange in 1926. By 1926, the Bunker Hill and Sullivan Mining Company was Idaho's largest employer.  During the Great Depression, Bunker Hill kept production at pre-depression levels to keep its workers employed at the same wages, even if it meant an operating loss for the company.

During WWII, Bunker Hill added an antimony electrolytic plant, and because of the manpower shortage, employed about 200 women. In 1942, the miners were finally able to organize, voting to join the International Union of Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers. After the war, the company built a boarding house capable of accommodating several hundred, 5 apartment houses, and 48 single family homes. By 1956, the company owned 107 houses, the land under another 188-220, and allowed employees to purchase them. In 1949, the company reached an agreement with the miner's union to provide dependent medical care in addition to a sickness and accident policy, with the company covering half the costs.

In the 1950s, the company bought out the Hecla Mining Co.'s interest in the Sullivan Mining Co., changed its name to the Bunker Hill Company, and moved its headquarters into the Bunker Hill Building at 660 Market Street (San Francisco).  On 29 March 1955, John D. Bradley, Frederick's son, took over as company president.  In 1956, the Bunker Hill Co. bought Northwest Lead Company and Associated Lead & Zinc, which became their chemical products division.  After a 7-month strike, Northwest Metal Workers took over representation of the 1800 Bunker Hill workers in 1960, before becoming United Steelworkers of America Local No. 7854 in 1970.  At that time, Bunker Hill employed about 2800 employees at its Kellogg complex.  Corporate headquarters moved from San Francisco to Kellogg in 1962.  On 26 July 1965, the company sold 1,590,000 shares in an initial public offering on the New York Stock Exchange.  That led Gulf Resources & Chemical Corp. to purchase Bunker Hill stock in a hostile takeover bid.  On 28 May 1968, Bunker Hill stockholders agreed to the merger ending Bunker Hill's 81 years as an independent company as Bunker Hill was replaced by Gulf Resources Corp. on the exchange.  Bunker Hill reported financial losses of $4.563 million in 1970, $3.85 million in 1971, and $9.037 million in 1973.  The company then recorded profits of $25.953 million in 1974, $6.912 million in 1975, and $6.037 million in 1977, before recording another loss of $9.037 million in 1977.  The Bunker Hill mine and smelter complex closed in 1982, due to lower metal prices, and lower EPA limits for lead.  Over 2000 people were then left unemployed.

See also

 Bunker Hill Mine and Smelting Complex

References

Further reading

External links
 Information on the Bunker Hill Mining Company records may be found at the Northwest Digital Archives.

1887 establishments in the United States
1899 riots
1892 riots
Miners' labor disputes in the United States
Labor disputes in Idaho
Riots and civil disorder in Idaho
Mining companies of the United States
Mining in Idaho
1899 in the United States
1892 in the United States


Abang may refer to:

Geography
Rantau Abang (Abang region), small village located in Terengganu, Malaysia
Tanah Abang (Abang land), subdistrict of Central Jakarta, Indonesia
Gunung Abang (Mount Abang), a mountain part of the caldera of Mount Batur on Bali, Indonesia

Surname
Anatole Abang (born 1996), Cameroonian footballer
Antoine Abang (born 1941), Cameroonian boxer
Avelina Abang (born 2003), Equatorial Guinean footballer
Mercy Abang, journalist from Nigeria

Given name
Abang (orangutan)
Abang Haji Abdillah (1862–1946), Malaysian politician in Sarawak
Abang Abu Bakar, former Member of Parliament for Asajaya, Sarawak
Abang Iskandar Abang Hashim (born 1959), Malaysian lawyer, the sixth Chief Judge of Sabah and Sarawak
Dayang Noor Camelia Abang Khalid (born 1974), Malaysian singer and model
Abang Abdul Rahman Johari Abang Openg (born 1950), Malaysian politician, Premier of Sarawak
Abang Openg (1905–1969), Malaysian politician, the first Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Sarawak
Abang Muhammad Salahuddin (1921–2022), Malaysian politician, the third Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Sarawak
Abang Norsillmy Taha (born 1978), retired Bruneian footballer

See also
Abaiang
Abanga (disambiguation)
Abangan
Abhang
Avang, a traditional trading ship of the Ivatan people of the Philippines
Babang (disambiguation)


St. George was a provincial riding in Ontario, Canada, that returned Members of Provincial Parliament (MPPs) to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario at Queen's Park. It was created in downtown Toronto in 1926 and was merged into the riding of St. George—St. David in 1987. The seat covered much of the city's central core, roughly similar to the current riding of Toronto Centre. At its dissolution it stretched from University Avenue to Parliament Street and from the waterfront north past St. Clair.

Boundaries
The riding was formed in 1926 from parts of the old Toronto Northeast and Toronto Southeast ridings. Its western boundary starting at Toronto Harbour went north following the line of Simcoe Street. At Queen Street West it jogged east a block to University Avenue. It followed this street north continuing along Queen's Park Crescent East and Avenue Road north to St. Clair Avenue West. At St. Clair it turned east and went to Yonge Street. At Yonge it turned south and followed this street to Bloor Street. It then turned east following Bloor until it reached Sherbourne Street. It then followed Sherbourne back south until it met the harbour.

Prior to the 1934 election, the riding boundaries were changed. The western boundary was moved east to Bay Street. The boundary followed Bay Street north from the harbour until it curved northwest to meet Davenport Road. It followed Davenport until it met Avenue Road. It turned north following Avenue Road north skirting Upper Canada College on the east side until it met the old Belt Line Railway right-of-way. It then headed southeast following the right-of-way until it reached Yonge Street. From here it turned south following a line through the Mount Pleasant cemetery and through a ravine called the Vale of Avoca (these days it is called David Balfour Park). It followed the ravine until it reached the CPR right-of-way. It headed east along this right-of-way until it reached MacLennan Avenue. It then turned south following this street and continued south on the same line when it turned into Sherbourne Street at Bloor. It continued along Sherbourne Street until it reached the harbour.

Members of Provincial Parliament

Election results

1926 boundaries

1934 boundaries

1945 boundaries

1967 boundaries

References

Notes

Citations

Former provincial electoral districts of Ontario
Provincial electoral districts of Toronto


The 1998 United States elections were held on November 3, 1998, in the middle of Democratic President Bill Clinton's second term and during impeachment proceedings against the president as a result of the Clinton–Lewinsky scandal. Though Republicans retained control of both chambers of Congress, the elections were unusual because this is the first midterm since 1934 that the president's party gained seats in the House of Representatives.

Several Senate seats changed hands, but neither party made a net gain. In the House of Representatives, Democrats picked up five seats, marking the first time since the 1934 elections in which the incumbent president's party did not suffer losses in either house of congress. This also occurred in 2002. This is the most recent midterm election in which no chamber of Congress changed partisan control.

The disruption of the six-year itch is attributed to wide opposition to the impeachment investigations against Clinton and his high popularity numbers.

Federal elections

Senate elections

In the Senate elections, Republicans picked up open seats in Ohio and Kentucky and narrowly defeated Democratic incumbent Carol Moseley Braun (Illinois), but these were cancelled out by the Democrats' gain of an open seat in Indiana and defeats of Republican Senators Al D'Amato (New York) and Lauch
Faircloth (North Carolina). The balance of the Senate remained unchanged at 55–45 in favor of the Republicans.

House of Representatives elections

The House of Representatives elections saw a significant disruption of the historic six-year itch trend, where the president's party loses seats in the second-term midterm elections. Though Republicans won the national popular vote for the House by a margin of 1.1 percentage points and retained control of the chamber, Democrats picked up a net of five seats. This marked the second time since the Civil War in which the president's party gained seats in the House of Representatives in a midterm election, following the 1934 elections. Republicans would later gain seats during the 2002 mid-terms. The 1998 elections were the first time since 1822 in which the president's party gained seats in the House during the president's second midterm.

The impeachment of Clinton likely played a major role in the success of the Democratic Party in the House and Senate elections. The election precipitated a change in Republican leadership, with Newt Gingrich resigning as Speaker of the House. A 2001 study by Emory University political scientist Alan Abramowitz attributes the Republican Party's poor performance in the 1998 elections to a public backlash against Republicans' handling of the Clinton-Lewinsky scandal and the impeachment proceedings against President Clinton.

State elections

Neither party made net gains in governorships. Texas Governor George W. Bush's landslide re-election solidified his status as a front-runner for the 2000 Republican presidential nomination.

References

1998
United States midterm elections
Elections


The Arena Football League Rookie of the Year Award has been given to the Arena Football League's best rookie since 1997.

External links
AFL Rookie of the Year

Arena Football League trophies and awards
Awards established in 1997


Harold Johnston Brodie (December 3, 1907 – March 23, 1989) was a Canadian mycologist, known for his contributions to the knowledge of the Nidulariaceae, or bird's nest fungi.

Early life

Harold Brodie was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, on December 3, 1907, and grew up there. After receiving his BSc from the University of Manitoba in 1929, he worked on his MSc under the direction of Arthur Henry Reginald Buller. In this research he investigated the functions of the oidia of the mushroom Coprinus lagopus (now known as Coprinopsis radiata); this research led to the two publications in 1931 and 1932.

Awards

Brodie was awarded a Guggenheim fellowship in 1952. He also received the Canada Centennial Medal in 1967, and the Lawson Medal of the Canadian Botanical Association in 1977.

Works

References

1907 births
1989 deaths
Canadian mycologists
People from Winnipeg
University of Manitoba alumni
20th-century Canadian botanists


Dendrosicyos is a monotypic genus in the plant family Cucurbitaceae. The only species is Dendrosicyos socotranus, the cucumber tree. The species is endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen, and is the only species in the Cucurbitaceae to grow in a tree form. The species name was originally spelled D. socotrana, but this is corrected to masculine grammatical gender according to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants.

Features
It has a bulbous trunk and a small crown. It was first described by Isaac Bayley Balfour in 1882. A recent molecular phylogenetic analysis of the family Cucurbitaceae found that the Dendrosicyos lineage is about twice as old as the island, and thus seems to be an island relic of a progenitor lineage that became extinct on the mainland.

The leaves are nearly round, covered with fine bristles, and slightly toothed.
The yellow flowers (3 cm), males and females are present on the same plant for cross pollination.
It reproduces only by seed. Fruits (3 x 5 cm) are green, turning brick-red when ripe.

Seedlings subjected to overgrazing and regeneration may be compromised over time, except for seedlings protected from goats by Cissus subaphylla. The species is considered endangered. In Soqotri, its name is qamhiyn.

Contrary to what its region of origin would suggest, Dendrosicyos socotranus responds well to a being drenched and fertilized, if the temperature is greater than 20 °C.
Individuals in their natural habitat can attain 3 meters (10 feet) in height. Trunks are succulent, but not bottle-shaped when young. The plant produces flowers when five years old.

D. socotranus has a bottle-shaped base of fibrous wood (pachycaul). The trunk reaches a diameter of up to one meter. Numerous small twigs and branches grow from the stem, the bottle tree growth form making it distinctive.

The base consists largely of parenchyma. In it are embedded small xylem strands that are linked to each other (anastomosis). These xylem strands have a cambium, and a secondary phloem forms. There is not a consistently active cambium - it will always be sequentially formed on the periphery of a new cambium (cambium successively). Dendrosicyos is the first member of the Cucurbitaceae in which such meristem has been demonstrated.

The leaves are about 25 cm long and wide, its leaf edge being slightly thorny. On the underside of the leaves are trichomes of from two to seven cells, the cells often containing two cystoliths. The epidermal cells are lignified.

The flowers occur in the leaf axils. The species is monoecious - male and female flowers on one plant. The flowers are yellowish-orange with long petals and the fruits are ovate. The seeds are about 6 mm.

The plant contains dendrosycin, an iso-cucurbitacin with an unusual ring formation.

Proliferation and locations
Described in 1882 by Isaac Bayley Balfour, the species is generally described as endemic to the island of Socotra, although some sources (1887) state that it was present on the African continent in Djibouti. It is quite abundant on the dry parts of the island of Socotra, associated with Croton socotranus in the plains, and on calcareous soils to 500 m elevation. The species is well-adapted to dry sites. It is widely distributed in several vegetation types but has a rather fragmented distribution; over large areas there are only isolated trees or small relict populations, whilst in other areas it is relatively abundant. There are a few trees on the island of Samhah, but none on Darsah or Abd al Kuri.

Conservation status
In times of severe drought trees are cut down, pulped and fed to livestock. In some areas (Kilissan) this has resulted in its almost total eradication. On the plains, seedlings germinate and grow protected from livestock in the cover of dense vegetation such as provided by the spiny shrub Lycium sokotranum or by colonies of the succulent shrub Cissus subaphylla. Where there is no Cissus or Lycium, there is little if any regeneration. Thus, along the southern region of Socotra and on Samhah the recovery of populations of Dendrosicyos after drought is dependent on the presence of colonies of Cissus.

Nomenclature
The genus is in the pumpkin subfamily Cucurbitoideae and in the tribe Coniandreae. Dendrosicyos is the basal taxon within the tribe, all other genera of the tribe being a sister group.

The name  Dendrosicyos socotranus means 'cucumber tree of Socotra'.

References

 M. E. Olson: Stem and leaf anatomy of the arborescent Cucurbitaceae Dendrosicyos socotrana with comments on the evolution of pachycauls from lianas. Plant Systematics and Evolution, Band 239, 2003, S. 199–214
 The Ethnoflora of the Soqotra Archipelago by Anthony G Miller and Mirranda Morris, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 2004,

Monotypic Cucurbitaceae genera
Cucurbitoideae
Endemic flora of Socotra
Taxa named by Isaac Bayley Balfour
Taxobox binomials not recognized by IUCN


Konstantinos "Kostas" Papanikolaou (; born 31 July 1990) is a Greek professional basketball player and the team captain for Olympiacos of the Greek Basket League (GBL) and the EuroLeague. Standing at 2.04 m (6'8 ") tall, he plays at the small forward position. He has previously played in the NBA for the Houston Rockets and the Denver Nuggets, as well as for the EuroLeague powerhouse FC Barcelona. Papanikolaou is also a regular member of the senior Hellenic national team. He is widely considered amongst the best defensive players in European basketball.

Professional career

Aris (2008–2009)
Papanikolaou began playing basketball with the youth teams of Proteas Grevenon and Aris, and he made his pro debut in the Greek League, with Aris, during the 2008–09 season. He was named the MVP of the Greek Youth All-Star Game in 2009. He was also named the Greek League's Best Young Player in 2009.

Olympiacos (2009–2013)
On 14 September 2009, Papanikolaou signed a five-year, €1.3 million net income deal with Olympiacos, after Olympiacos paid a €950,000 buyout fee to Aris, to secure his player rights. Papanikolaou's contract with Olympiacos had an NBA buyout clause worth €1 million.

With Olympiacos, he won the EuroLeague and Greek League championships in 2012. Papanikolaou was voted the EuroLeague Rising Star for the EuroLeague 2012–13 season. With Olympiacos, he also won the 2012–13 season EuroLeague championship.

FC Barcelona (2013–2014)
On 20 July 2013, Papanikolaou signed a four-year deal with Spanish League club FC Barcelona, after Barcelona bought Papanikolaou out of his contract with Olympiacos, paying a transfer buyout fee of €1.5 million to Olympiacos, and giving Papanikolaou a contract worth €5.5 million net income, during the contract's first three years (the 4th optional year would be at an additional salary). The contract included NBA buyout clauses in the amounts of €1.1 million for 2014, and €750,000 for 2015.

Barcelona went on to win the 2013–14 Spanish Liga ACB championship.

Houston Rockets (2014–2015)
On 28 June 2012, Papanikolaou was selected with the 48th overall pick in the 2012 NBA draft by the New York Knicks. On July 16, 2012, his draft rights were acquired by the Portland Trail Blazers, via a trade that sent Raymond Felton to the Knicks.

On 10 July 2013, Papanikolaou's rights were acquired by the Houston Rockets, via a trade that sent Thomas Robinson to the Trail Blazers.

On 23 September 2014, Papanikolaou signed with the Houston Rockets. On 13 February 2015, he took part in the Rising Stars Challenge of the NBA All-Star Game; in spite of an injury-plagued rookie season, during which he averaged 4.2 points and 2.7 rebounds per game, while coming off the bench, the Rockets decided to pick up his team option for the 2015–16 season.

Denver Nuggets (2015–2016)
On 20 July 2015, the Rockets traded Papanikolaou, Joey Dorsey, Nick Johnson, Pablo Prigioni, a 2016 first-round draft pick, and cash considerations to the Denver Nuggets, in exchange for Ty Lawson and a 2017 second-round draft pick. On 25 September 2015, he was waived by the Nuggets. He later re-signed with Denver on November 5, 2015, and made his debut for the team that night. He was waived again by the Nuggets on 7 January 2016, before his salary became fully guaranteed.

Return to the Olympiacos (2016–present)
On 20 January 2016, Papanikolaou signed a two-and-a-half-year deal with Olympiacos, returning to the club for a second stint. On 5 July 2018, Papanikolaou and Olympiacos officially agreed on a new three-year contract extension. He signed another three-year extension on 22 September 2020. On July 6, 2023, Papanikolaou renewed his contract with the Greek club through 2026.

National team career

Greek junior national
As a member of the junior national basketball teams of Greece, Papanikolaou won the silver medal at the 2007 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship and the gold medal at the 2008 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship. He also won the silver medal at the 2009 FIBA Under-19 World Cup. Papanikolaou also won the gold medal at the 2009 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship, where he was also named to the All-Tournament Team and won the MVP award. He then won the silver medal at the 2010 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship with Greece's junior national team, where he was also named to the All-Tournament Team.

Greek senior national team
In August 2009, Papanikolaou made his debut with the senior men's Greek national basketball team, in a friendly game.  With Greece's senior national team, he then played at EuroBasket 2011, the 2012 FIBA World Olympic Qualifying Tournament, the EuroBasket 2013, the 2014 FIBA World Cup, the EuroBasket 2015, the EuroBasket 2017, the 2019 FIBA World Cup  and the EuroBasket 2022.
He has appeared in 134 games for the senior national side and has scored a total of 842 points.

Player profile
A player who with his energy and athletic ability fills every corner of the parquet. He is a modern guard-forward with the ability to fight at least three positions (2-3-4) with great success. Is good 3 points shooter and he loves to run in surprise and often finish the stages with striking nails. It has a prestigious winning mindset and thanks to this it has already celebrated many national and collective titles. Excellent defender,  to his long legs and elusive abilities, while helping him play left-handed.

Awards and accomplishments

Youth club career
Aris Thessaloniki
Panhellenic Youth League Champion: (2009)

Club career

Olympiacos
2× EuroLeague Champion: (2012, 2013)
 4× EuroLeague Final Four:  (2023 Runner-up),(2017 Runner-up) , (2010 Runner-up) , (2022 Fourth place)
 4× Greek League Champion: (2012, 2016, 2022, 2023)
4× Greek Cup Winner: (2010, 2011, 2022, 2023)
 Greek Super Cup Winner: (2022)

Barcelona
 EuroLeague Final Four: (2014 Third place)
Spanish League Champion: (2014)
 Catalan League Champion: (2013)

Greek junior national team
2007 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship:
2008 Albert Schweitzer Tournament:
2008 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship:
2009 FIBA Under-19 World Cup:
2010 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship:

Individual

Pro clubs
Olympiacos Small Forward of the Decade: 2010–20
EuroLeague Rising Star: (2013)
EuroLeague Finals Top Scorer: (2012)
 2× EuroLeague MVP of the Round
 EuroLeague  three-point field goal percentage leader: (2013)
Eurohoops.com's EuroLeague Best Defender: (2018)
5× Euroleague Best Defensive Players: (2017, 2018, 2019, 2022, 2023)
 Brainbasketball.com's  All-Euroleague Defensive Team: (2020)
 Spanish League Defensive Player of the Year: (2014)
  Greek League Finals MVP: (2012)
2× Greek League Domestic Player of the Year: (2012, 2023)
4× All-Greek League First Team: (2012, 2013, 2017, 2023)
  All-Greek League Second Team: (2018)
 Greek League Best Defender: (2012)
5× All-Greek League Defensive Team: (2012 2013, 2017, 2018, 2019)
4× Greek League All-Star: (2013, 2018, 2019, 2022)
2× Greek League Best Young Player: (2009, 2012)
 Eurobasket.com's All-Greek League Player of the Year (2012)
Greek Youth All-Star Game MVP: (2009)
Panhellenic Youth League MVP: (2009)
All-Panhellenic Youth League Team: (2009)
Panhellenic Youth League Best Defender: (2009)

Greek Youth national team
2009 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship MVP
2009 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship All-Tournament Team
2010 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship All-Tournament Team

EuroLeague records
First Player in EuroLeague History with:
+2.000 Points, +1.000 Rebounds, +400 Assists, +300 3 PM, +200 Steals, +100 Blocks
Olympiacos EuroLeague all-time leader in steals

Career statistics

NBA

Regular season

|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Houston
| 43 || 1 || 18.5 || .350 || .292 || .722 || 2.7 || 2.0 || .7 || .3 || 4.2
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Denver
| 26 || 6 || 11.3 || .364 || .313 || .643 || 1.5 || .6 || .5 || .2 || 2.6
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:left;"| Career
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 69 || 7 || 15.8 || .354 || .297 || .688 || 2.3 || 1.5 || .6 || .3 || 3.6
|}

Playoffs

|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2015
| style="text-align:left;"| Houston
| 8 || 0 || 2.6 || .250 || .000 || .500 || .3 || .0 || .0 || .0 || .4
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:left;"| Career
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 8 || 0 || 2.6 || .250 || .000 || .500 || .3 || .0 || .0 || .0 || .4

EuroLeague

|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2009–10
| style="text-align:left;" rowspan=4| Olympiacos
| 6 || 1 || 6.4 || .250 || .000 || .500 || 1.2 || .8 || .5 || .0 || .8 || 2.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2010–11
| 16 || 14 || 13.7 || .447 || .435 || .647 || 3.1 || .3 || .6 || .1 || 3.9 || 4.6
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#AFE6BA;"| 2011–12†
| 22 || 13 || 19.8 || .490 || .333 || .688 || 3.4 || .6 || .5 || .3 || 6.1 || 7.4
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#AFE6BA;"| 2012–13†
| 31 || 30 || 23.8 || .497 || style="background:#CFECEC;"|.521 || .723 || 4.4 || 1.4 || .9 || .7 || 8.7 || 11.7
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2013–14
| style="text-align:left;"| Barcelona
| 28 || 27 || 25.0 || .507 || .361 || .500 || 3.4 || 2.2 || .8 || .5 || 6.9 || 8.5
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2015–16
| style="text-align:left;" rowspan=8|Olympiacos
| 7 || 5 || 18.9 || .410 || .118 || .583 || 4.3 || 1.0 || .6 || .4 || 5.9 || 5.9
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2016–17
| 37 || 32 || 23.2 || .422 || .316 || .826 || 4.8 || 1.5 || 1.2 || .4 || 8.1 || 9.7
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2017–18
| 28 || 23 || 24.1 || .469 || .373 || .775 || 4.3 || 2.1 || 1.0 || .4 || 8.3 || 11.3
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2018–19
| 30 || 23 || 23.2 || .545|| .371 || .738 || 3.9 || 1.6  || 0.8  || .9 || 6.9 || 8.1
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2019–20
| 26 || 21 || 23.5  || .606|| .391 || .708 || 3.6 || 1.5  || 1.4  || .8 || 8.5 || 9.4
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2020–21
| 14 || 13 || 21.4  || 353|| .370 || .895 || 2.2 || 1.9  || 0.6  || .7 || 5.7 || 5.9
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2021–22
| 37 || 37 || 23.2  || 556|| .311 || .758 || 2.5 || 1.6  || 0.9  || .8 || 6.6 || 6.6
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2022–23
| 38 || 38 || 25.2  || 647|| .429 || .729 || 3.8 || 1.9  || 0.7  || .2 || 8.7 || 10.3
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:left;"| Career
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 320 || 277 || 22.4 || .559 || .376 || .731 || 3.7 || 1.5 || 0.8 || 12 || 7.3 || 8.6

References

External links

Kostas Papanikolaou at acb.com
Kostas Papanikolaou at draftexpress.com
Kostas Papanikolaou at esake.gr
Kostas Papanikolaou at eurobasket.com
Kostas Papanikolaou at euroleague.net
Kostas Papanikolaou at FIBA.com

1990 births
Living people
2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup players
2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup players
Aris B.C. players
Denver Nuggets players
FC Barcelona Bàsquet players
Greek Basket League players
Greek expatriate basketball people in Spain
Greek expatriate basketball people in the United States
Greek men's basketball players
Houston Rockets players
Liga ACB players
National Basketball Association players from Greece
New York Knicks draft picks
Olympiacos B.C. players
Small forwards
Basketball players from Trikala
2023 FIBA Basketball World Cup players


Canada was a small community of free African-Americans established near the University of Virginia in Charlottesville in the 19th century. Many residents of Canada were employed by the university. The community existed from the early 19th century until the early 20th century, by which time the increasingly valuable land had been purchased by white speculators. Researchers theorize that the community was named in homage to the country bordering the United States to the north, where slavery had been abolished under the Slavery Abolition Act of 1833.

It was located between what is now Jefferson Park Avenue and Venable Lane, and was rediscovered during the expansion of a university parking lot in May 1993. An architectural firm cataloging the finding believes that the cemetery that they've uncovered served the community; 32 graves have been discovered. The site of the home of one community member is being turned into a  public park.

References

Geography of Charlottesville, Virginia
Ghost towns in Virginia


Fix My Brain is the third studio album by the Denton, Texas punk rock band The Marked Men, released May 16, 2006, by Swami Records.

Track listing
All songs written by The Marked Men
"A Little Time" – 2:02
"Sully My Name" – 2:06
"It's Not a Crime" – 1:53
"A Little Lesson" – 2:34
"Wait Here, Wait for You" – 2:04
"Sophisticate" – 1:35
"Someday" – 2:17
"Fix My Brain" – 2:36
"Going Crazy" – 2:22
"You Said Enough" – 2:38
"Don't Look at Me" – 2:34
"Sadist" – 2:55
"Stay Home" – 2:09

Personnel
Jeff Burke – guitar, lead vocals
Mark Ryan – guitar, lead vocals, cover design
Joe Ayoub – bass guitar
Mike Throneberry – drum kit, backing vocals
Dave Gardner – mastering
Krissy Throneberry – cover photo
Recorded, engineered, produced, and mixed by The Marked Men

References

2006 albums
The Marked Men albums
Swami Records albums


Kastellet is a light rail tram stop on the Oslo Tramway.

Located at Kastellet in Nordstrand, the station is situated between Sørli and Bråten. It was opened on 11 June 1917. It is served by lines 13 and 19 and is served by both SL79 and SL95 trams. There is also a bus stop which is served by routes 75A and 75B of Ruter's bus network.  It is approximately 100 metres away from the tram stop. There is a shelter at the station, which was built in the 1990s, along with many other stations on the Ekeberg Line. It is a copy of Erik Glosimodt's original art nouveau style.

References

Oslo Tramway stations in Oslo
Railway stations opened in 1917
1917 establishments in Norway
Railway stations in Norway opened in the 1910s


Gauromydas heros is a species of giant fly belonging to the family Mydidae. It is the largest species of the entire order of Diptera or true flies.

Distribution
This species has a Neotropical distribution (Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay).

Description
Gauromydas heros can reach a length of  and a wingspan of about . It is the largest fly known. The wing membrane is whitish, brown or orange, with a hyaline apex and a posterior margin.

Biology
Adult males are flower visitors, while females do not feed at all. Larvae live in the nest of ants (Atta species), feeding on immature insects. Mature larva dig a pupation chamber in the soil. Then the imago emerges.

See also
List of largest insects

References

Mydidae
Insects described in 1833
Taxa named by Maximilian Perty
Diptera of South America


Stomatanthes is a genus of African and South American plants in the tribe Eupatorieae within the family Asteraceae.

Classification
Although Stomatanthes is classified in the subtribe Eupatoriinae in the influential 1987 classification of King and Robinson, subsequent research shows that it belongs elsewhere in the tribe Eupatorieae, as it is not closely related to Eupatorium or Eutrochium.

 Species
 Stomatanthes africanus (Oliv. & Hiern) R.M.King & H.Rob. - central + southern Africa
 Stomatanthes corumbensis (B.L.Rob.) H.Rob. -  Brazil (Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Goiás)
 Stomatanthes dentatus (Gardner) H.Rob. - Bolivia, Brazil (Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Goiás, São Paulo)
 Stomatanthes dictyophyllus (DC.) R.M.King & H.Rob. - Brazil (Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Goiás, São Paulo)
 Stomatanthes helenae (Buscal. & Muschl.) Lisowski - central Africa
 Stomatanthes hirsutus H.Rob. - Brazilia Distrito Federal
 Stomatanthes loefgrenii (B.L.Rob.) H.Rob. - São Paulo
 Stomatanthes meyeri R.M.King & H.Rob. - Ethiopia
 Stomatanthes oblongifolius (Sch.Bip. ex Baker) H.Rob. - Uruguay, Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná, Minas Gerais, São Paulo)
 Stomatanthes pernambucensis (B.L.Rob.) H.Rob. - Brazil (Pernambuco, Mato Grosso, Goiás
 Stomatanthes pinnatipartitus (Sch.Bip. ex Baker) H.Rob. - Brazil (Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Goiás, São Paulo)
 Stomatanthes polycephalus (Sch.Bip. ex B.L.Rob.) H.Rob. - Brazil (Minas Gerais, Bahia)
 Stomatanthes reticulatus Grossi & J.N.Nakaj. - Brazil (Minas Gerais)
 Stomatanthes subcapitatus (Malme) H.Rob. - Brazil (Paraná, São Paulo)
 Stomatanthes trigonus (Gardner) H.Rob.	 - Bolivia, Brazil (Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rondônia, Goiás)
 Stomatanthes warmingii (Baker) H.Rob. - Brazil (Minas Gerais)
 Stomatanthes zambiensis R.M.King & H.Rob. - Malawi, Zambia

References

External links
 Stomatanthes africanus (Oliv. & Hiern) R.M. King & H. Rob., Flora of Zimbabwe.  Includes photos.

Eupatorieae
Asteraceae genera


The Wanne-Herner Eisenbahn und Hafen GmbH (literal: "Wanne and Herne railway and port company Ltd.") (abbr. WHE) is a railway and canal port operating company based around the Rhine-Herne Canal in the Ruhr area of Germany

History and background

The port's history begins in the first decade of the 20th century with the building of the Rhine-Herne Canal. On 14 July 1905 the company Kanalhafen Wanne-Gelsenkirchen-Land is born, with the aim of making a coal port for the surrounding mines on the canal. In 1913 the nearby town of Herne also participates in the project and the companies name is changed to Hafenbetriebsgesellschaft Herne-Wanne mbH

The west harbour opened in 1914 and, a year later a narrow gauge railway Wanne-Gelsenkirchen-Land connected it to the mine Shamrock 3/4 nearby. Not long after other rail connections were made to the mines Carolinenglück in Bochum und Teutoburgia in Herne. Rapid growth of freight transport ensued with the million ton mark reached in 1916. The Bochumer Krupp-Zechen and Hibernia AG mines were connected by the port railway in the 1920s.

Originally there was a basin on the western side as part of the port, for boat manoeuvering, but this was filled in around the 1990s and now is the site of a logistics centre.

Operations

In the 2000s the companies primary business is still the transportation and handling of coal, along with ISO containers and other bulk products.

Ports
Both ports have rail links as well as the equipment associated with bulk cargo handling.

Westhafen Wanne (literal: "Wanner west port") : This area is now home to a logistics centre constructed in the 1990s known as the Güterverkehrszentrum Emscher (or GVZ Emscher) with rail and road links as well as canal access, the WHE operates the rail links. This port handles coal, and intermodal traffic.
Osthafen Wanne (literal: "Wanner port east") : Here the main cargo is scrap metal.

Railway

The railway has a few tens of kilometers of track, and connects to the companies own ports as well as the RAG and Deutsche Bahn rail networks. As of 2005 approximately ten locomotives are operated of the heavy shunter / freight type, with over 100 wagons, the companies workshops are located at Westhafen Wanne, and perform maintenance and repairs. In 2005 locomotives were then of MaK 1200 series type(1 MaK G 1202 BB, 2 MaK G 1204 BB), and three of the similarly specified MaK G 1600 BB (a variant of the DB V 90 series), all of around 1000 kW power, as well as some much less powerful specialised equipment (rail mobile light crane etc.)

Much of the companies rolling stock carries an orange livery with blue horizontal stripe, coal wagons carry just the letters WHE.

Subsidiaries
BAV Aufbereitung Herne GmbH : Storage, transportation and mixing of coal blends.
CTH Container Terminal Herne GmbH : Operates the WHE's own container terminal.

See also
 List of German railway companies

References and notes

External links

Maps
 map-plan of Westhafen port whe.de

Images
Photographs of the WHE railfaneurope.net
WHE Wanne-Herner Eisenbahn Fotos Photographs of WHE locomotives, rolling stock and infrastructure

Coal terminals
Rail freight transport in Germany
Herne, North Rhine-Westphalia
Railway companies established in 1913
Railway companies of Germany
River ports of Germany
1913 establishments in Germany


Covington-Sawyer-Wilderness was a Census-designated place in King County, Washington.  The CDP was disbanded in 2000 United States Census, with portions incorporated into Covington, Black Diamond,  and Maple Valley. The remainder was reassigned to Lake Morton-Berrydale CDP.  The population in 1990 was 24,321
. The census area, located in the southern end of the county, was located at 47.352810 north, 122.073107 west.

References

External links
U.S. Censu map of Covington-Sawyer-Wilderness
The Probert Encyclopaedia - Places of the World (Cn-Co)

Populated places in King County, Washington
Former census-designated places in Washington (state)


Sørli is a light rail tram stop on the Oslo Tramway.

Located at Sørli in Nordstrand, the station is situated between Holtet and Kastellet. It was opened on 11 June 1917. The station is served by lines 13 and 19.

References

Oslo Tramway stations in Oslo
Railway stations opened in 1917
1917 establishments in Norway
Railway stations in Norway opened in the 1910s


Raja Swarup Singh (30 May 1812 – 26 January 1864; his name is alt. spelt as Sarup Singh) was a Sidhu Jat Raja of Jind State of the Phulkian dynasty who reigned from 1834 to 1864. He was noted for his bravery as a warrior.

Early life
Swarup Singh was born at Bazidpur, the only son of Sardar Karam Singh (d. 1818), who was himself a nephew to Raja Bagh Singh of Jind (1760-1819; r. 1789–1819) through his father, Rajkumar Bhup Singh (1771–1815). In his earlier years, Karam Singh had served under Maharaja Ranjit Singh. In 1815, Karam Singh was granted the fief of Bazidpur after Bhup Singh's death. Through his father, Swarup Singh was a first cousin once removed to Hira Singh of Nabha. Karam Singh died in 1818, and Swarup Singh succeeded his father as Sardar of Bazidpur.

Raja and warrior

In 1834, Swarup Singh's second cousin, Raja Sangat Singh (1810–1834; r. 1822–1834) died of alcoholism after a profligate and repressive 12-year rule that had brought Jind to the brink of financial collapse; he left no sons. The Government of India (then the British East India Company), selected Swarup Singh as the next ruler.

During the Anglo-Sikh War, Swarup Singh fought on the side of the British, for which he was much honoured by them. During the First War of Independence, he sent his troops into battle against the rebels, personally fighting through many of the major battles clad in armor and chain mail. He rushed his forces to defend the British cantonment at Karnal, then served at Alipur and at the Battle of Badli-ki-Serai. He fought alongside the British forces during the siege of Delhi for which he was mentioned in despatches in 1858 and received the Indian Mutiny Medal. Also in 1858, he received several titles of honour from the British government. In 1860, he was granted a further title, a gun salute of 11-guns, 14 villages and the Delhi properties of a Mughal prince, Shahzada Mirza Abu Baqar. The following year, Swarup Singh received a further 11 villages as a reward.

Not merely a warrior, but also a progressive and humane ruler, Swarup Singh issued several stern decrees outlawing infanticide, sati and slavery.

Last years and death
In 1863, Swarup Singh was appointed a Knight Companion of the Order of the Star of India. The following year, he unexpectedly died from acute dysentery after a 30-year reign, aged 51. He was succeeded by his only surviving son, Raghubir Singh.

Family
Swarup Singh married twice, first to an unknown princess (d. 1877) and secondly to Rani Sri Nand Kaur Sahiba. He had two sons:
1. Tikka Sri Randhir Singh Sahib Bahadur (d. 1848). No issue.
2. Sri Tikka Sahib Raghubir Singh, who succeeded his father as Raja of Jind.

Titles
1812-1818: Kunwar Sri Swarup Singh
1818-1834: Sardar Sri Swarup Singh
1834-1858: Raja Sri Swarup Singh, Raja of Jind
1858-1860: His Highness Farzand-i-Dilband, Rasikh-ul-Itiqad, Raja Sri Swarup Singh Bahadur, Raja of Jind
1860-1863: His Highness Farzand-i-Dilband, Rasikh-ul-Itiqad-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia, Raja Sri Swarup Singh Bahadur, Raja of Jind
1863-1864: His Highness Farzand-i-Dilband, Rasikh-ul-Itiqad-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia, Raja Sir Swarup Singh Bahadur, Raja of Jind, KSI

Honours
Mentioned in Despatches-1858
Indian Mutiny Medal-1858
Knight Companion of the Order of the Star of India (KSI)-1863

References

Indian Sikhs
19th-century Indian monarchs
Knights Companion of the Order of the Star of India
1812 births
1864 deaths
Jind
Indian knights


Fire-Hearted is the third studio album by metal musician Elias Viljanen as solo artist. The album features Marko Hietala (ex-Nightwish, ex-Tarot, ex-Northern Kings) and Tony Kakko (Sonata Arctica, ex-Northern Kings) on vocals. Also contributing is Jari Kainulainen (Evergrey, Ex-Stratovarius) on bass, Henrik Klingenberg (Sonata Arctica) on keyboards and Mikko Sirén (Apocalyptica) on drums. The album was out in June 2009. The song "Last Breath of Love" with Hietala on vocals can be heard on Viljanen's Myspace together with the title-track.

Track listing
All songs written by Elias Viljanen except where noted.
 "Fire-Hearted" - 04:18
 "Last Breath of Love" (Elias Viljanen, Marko Hietala) - 03:41
 featuring Marko Hietala on vocals
 "Cruel Groove" - 2:52
 "Kiss of Rain" (Elias Viljanen, Tony Kakko) - 3:53
 featuring Tony Kakko on vocals
 "Head Up High" - 2:58
 "Up to Speed" - 2:29
 "Supernatural" - 4:13
 "One Tonight" - 3:53
 "The Triumph" - 3:37
 "My Guiding Light" - 3:00
 "Showstopper" - 3:51
 "Beautiful Piece" (Elias Viljanen, Jaan Wessman) - 4:04
 featuring Jaan Wessman on fretless bass guitar

Credits
Elias Viljanen – guitars
Henrik Klingenberg – keyboards
Jari Kainulainen – bass guitar
Tomi Ylönen – drums

Guests
Marko Hietala (ex-Nightwish) – vocals (on "Last Breath of Love")
Tony Kakko (Sonata Arctica) – vocals (on "Kiss of Rain")
Jaan Wessman – fretless bass guitar (on "Beautiful Piece")
Mikko Sirén (Apocalyptica) – drums (on "Supernatural", "Beautiful Piece", "Last Breath of Love", "Kiss of Rain", "Fire-Hearted" and "One Tonight")

References

2009 albums
Progressive metal albums by Finnish artists


Oswald Curtis (1821 – 1 March 1902) was a 19th-century New Zealand politician born in London, England, on 20 January 1821. He was the son of Stephen Curtis and Eleanora Llewellyn. He migrated to Nelson in 1853, arriving on 18 June.

Mahomed Shah
Curtis had been a passenger on the barque Mahomed Shah. The ship sailed from England for New Zealand on 15 January 1853. On 18 April, about  south of Cape Leeuwin, the ship caught fire. All on board were rescued two days later by the brig The Ellen under Captain Pardon. The Ellen was sailing from Mauritius to Hobart, Tasmania. The ship's position was given as . Those rescued were taken to Hobart, arriving there on 6 May 1853.

Political career

He was a member of the Nelson Provincial Council from 1857 to 1867, becoming its Superintendent in March 1867 when Alfred Saunders resigned. He remained Superintendent until 1876 when the Provinces were abolished.  Curtis was also a member of parliament for the City of Nelson from  to 1879, when he was defeated. During his term as a member of Parliament, for one month between 10 September and 11 October 1872 Curtis was Commissioner of Stamps and Customs, Post-Master General and Telegraphs Commissioner under the short lived third Stafford Ministry.

As Superintendent, Curtis opened the Nelson Waterworks on 16 April 1868 and turned the first sod at Stoke for the cutting of the Nelson-Foxhill Railway on 6 May 1873.

Community service
Curtis had been, at various times, Magistrate, Warden, Coroner, College Governor at Nelson. He was also Fellow of the New Zealand University and held a seat on its senate from 1870 to 1888.

Curtis was also the second President of the Nelson Chamber of Commerce, succeeding Alfred Fell (father of Charles Fell).

He died at his residence 'Highbury' in Nelson on 1 March 1902, aged 81.

Notes

References

|-

|-

|-

1821 births
1902 deaths
Superintendents of New Zealand provincial councils
Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives
Members of the Nelson Provincial Council
Unsuccessful candidates in the 1879 New Zealand general election
New Zealand MPs for South Island electorates
People from London
British emigrants to the Colony of New Zealand
19th-century New Zealand politicians


Holtet is a light rail/tram stop on the Ekeberg line of the Oslo Tramway. It is located at Holtet in Ekeberg, in the borough of Nordstrand, in Oslo, Norway.

It was opened on 11 June 1917 by A/S Ekebergbanen and has a balloon loop. The station is served by lines 13 and 19. Holtet also has a tram depot nearby.

References

Oslo Tramway stations in Oslo
Railway stations opened in 1917
1917 establishments in Norway
Railway stations in Norway opened in the 1910s


The Arena Football League Offensive Player of the Year Award is given annually by the Arena Football League (AFL) to the offensive player of the AFL believed to have had the most outstanding season. Multiple-award winners include Eddie Brown, Aaron Garcia, Chris Jackson and Damian Harrell whom won the award two times each. As of the 2015 season, the most recent winner is Dan Raudabaugh of the Philadelphia Soul.

References

External links
AFL Offensive Player of the Year

Arena Football League trophies and awards


In electrochemistry, the faradaic current is the electric current generated by the reduction or oxidation of some chemical substance at an electrode. The net faradaic current is the algebraic sum of all the faradaic currents flowing through an indicator electrode or working electrode.

Limiting current
The limiting current in electrochemistry is the limiting value of a faradaic current that is approached as the rate of charge transfer to an electrode is increased. The limiting current can be approached, for example, by increasing the electric potential or decreasing the rate of mass transfer to the electrode. It is independent of the applied potential over a finite range, and is usually evaluated by subtracting the appropriate residual current from the measured total current. A limiting current can have the character of an adsorption, catalytic, diffusion, or kinetic current, and may include a migration current.

Migration current
The difference between the current that is actually obtained, at any particular value of the potential of the indicator or working electrode, for the reduction or oxidation of an ionic electroactive substance and the current that would be obtained, at the same potential, if there were no transport of that substance due to the electric field between the electrodes. The sign convention regarding current is such that the migration current is negative for the reduction of a cation or for the oxidation of an anion, and positive for the oxidation of a cation or the reduction of an anion. Hence the migration current may tend to either increase or decrease the total current observed. In any event the migration current approaches zero as the transport number of the electroactive substance is decreased by increasing the concentration of the supporting electrolyte, and hence the conductivity.

See also
 Butler–Volmer equation
 Gas diffusion electrode

References

Electrochemistry


Narrogin was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Western Australia from 1950 to 1989.

The district centred on the town of Narrogin in the southern part of the state. The seat was won on every occasion by the National Party.

Members

Election results

Narrogin


Buryat State University () is an institution of higher education in Siberia and the Russian Far East, located in the city of Ulan-Ude, Buryat Republic, Russia. Courses are taught in Russian and Buryat. It was established in 1932 as the Buryat State Teachers' Training College, and became a university in 1995. It is a member of the University of the Arctic.

Founded in 1666, Ulan-Ude is situated 5500 km from Moscow, the capital of Russia, and 450 km from Ulaanbaatar.

History

History of Buryat Pedagogical Institute
Buryat Pedagogical Institute was one of the oldest institutes of higher education in Siberia. It was organized by the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR of 10 January 1932 on the basis of the Buryat-Mongolian branch of the Irkutsk State Pedagogical Institute.
The composition of the institute included four departments: physics and mathematics, science, literary and linguistic, and socio-economic. The first intake, of 146 students, was in autumn 1932.

In 1932 the high school employed 22 teachers. The institute was housed in a three-story brick house on the corner of Lenin and Working streets (now Sukhbaatar). The education building had 10 classrooms and labs and one lecture hall. In the hostel, students were allocated a stone building of the former House of Farmer with 90 seats.

In autumn 1932, the institute opened pedrabfak (faculty for workers) with a four-year period of study for training, and admission to college for boys and girls with seven- and nine-year school education. In January 1933, the correspondence department was opened. In September 1934, the teachers' institute was opened. It was at the pedagogical institute and trained teachers for the seven-year schools.

Buryat Pedagogical Institute ran from 1932–1995. More than 95% of the teachers of Buryatia, and many educators in Agin and Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrugs, Irkutsk and Chita regions are graduates of the institute.

Establishment of Buryat State University
Buryat State University, one of the oldest universities in Siberia, has been formed in accordance with Presidential Decree of 30 September 1995 and Government Decree dated 2 November 1995 on the basis of the Buryat State Pedagogical Institute (founded 1932) and the Buryat branch of Novosibirsk State University in Ulan-Ude.

BSU is a system-building educational institution, training specialists in the fields of education, science, management, economy, healthcare, social services, etc. It is named after the Buryat academic Dorzhi Banzarov.

Structure

Faculties
 Biology and Geography
 Chemistry
 History
 Law
 Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism
 Physics and Engineering
 Social Work and Psychology

Institutes
 Economics and Management
 Mathematics and Computer Science
 Medical
 Oriental Studies
 Pedagogical
 Philology and Mass Communications

BSU branches
BSU campus in Aginskoye, Zabaykalsky Krai
BSU campus in Bokhan, Irkutsk region

College
 College of post-secondary education

Other Structural Units
 Centre for career-guidance
 Institute for continuous training
 Institute of Inner Asia
 Centre for Eurasian Cooperation
 Testing language centre for foreigners
 Confucius Institute
and others.

Academics
Research at BSU includes information and telecommunications technology and electronics, space and aviation technology, new transportation technology, new materials, ecology and rational nature-usage, and energy-saving technology.

International links

BSU cooperates with academic and research centres in many countries. Every year, more than 150 international students study at BSU and the university carries out non-commercial students and lecturers' exchange with its foreign partner organizations. The university organises annual Lake Baikal summer camps for foreign students and teachers.

International students have the opportunity to take courses in the Russian and Buryat languages, in which they can also learn about Russian and local cultures.

BSU students study in partner universities in China, Mongolia, South Korea, Japan, Turkey, Switzerland, Austria, Poland, and Germany.

Education for international students
The university offers courses of Russian as a foreign language. The department "Russian as a Foreign Language" was founded in September 2002 at the Philology Faculty.
There is a Master's programme for the direction "Philology" (Russian language/Russian literature) for international students.

References

External links

Buildings and structures in Ulan-Ude
Universities and institutes established in the Soviet Union
Universities in the Russian Far East
Universities and colleges established in 1932
1932 establishments in the Soviet Union


Ariel Pink (born Ariel Marcus Rosenberg on June 24, 1978) is a Los Angeles-based indie artist and musician. He boasts a cult following and endorsements from more widely known artists such as fellow founding Paw Tracks group Animal Collective.

Studio albums
Haunted Graffiti original series

Haunted Graffiti reissued series

Later album releases

Collaborative albums
Ariel Pink & R. Stevie Moore

Compilation albums

Other albums
2006: Ariel Rosenberg's Thrash and Burn: Pre (Human Ear Music)
2006: Stranded at Two Harbors (credited as Holy Shit) (UUAR)
2010: Early Live Recordings (Human Ear Music)
2011: Ariel Pink's Picks Vol. 1 (R. Stevie Moore mixtape, curated by Nick Noto [APDS])

EPs and singles
 2003: Holy Shit EP (credited to Ariel Pink & Matt Fishbeck)
 2005: Pedestrian Pop Hits (Southern Records)
 2006: "Gates of Zion"/"Ghosts" (Australian Tour) (Mistletone)
 2006: "Witchhunt Suite for WW3" 12-inch (Melted Mailbox)
 2006: My Molly EP (Tiny Creatures)
 2006: Ariel Friedman EP (Human Ear Music)
 2008: "Before Today" UNUSUAL ANIMALS (Asthmatic Kitty)
 2008: "Can't Hear My Eyes"/"Evolution's a Lie" 7-inch (Mexican Summer)
 2009: "Kind of Kind"/"RSM's Brain" (Big Love, Japan)
 2009: "Reminiscences EP" (Cooler Cat)
 2010: "Round and Round"/"Mistaken Wedding" (4AD)
 2011: "I'm Not a Genius" (JesusWarhol)
 2012: Ku Klux Glam EP with R. Stevie Moore (Slowboy)
 2013: "Hang On to Life"/"No Real Friend" (Mexican Summer)
 2017: "Myths 002 EP" with "Weyes Blood" (Mexican Summer)
 2020: "Burned Out Love" (Mexican Summer)

Compilation appearances
 2003: Want Me Homemade Hits (Kittridge Records)
 2004: Interesting Results (Sonic Arts Network)
 2005: Jules Lost His Jewels The Wire Tapper
 2005: Omen Light Dead Sea Compilation (LDS)
 2006: Every Night I Die at Miyagi's (Jan 6 Uncut sampler)
 2006: From U.S. to I (Ballbearings Pinatas)
 2007: Everybody Through the Wilderness: a tribute to Madonna (Manimal Vinyl)

Underground releases
 1996: The Nile Pan pt. 1-11
 1996: Kids On Drugs
 1996: Kraftwerk / Experiments
 1996: Dove
 1997: Death Dorm 1–4 (comp)
 1997: tape 1
 1997: metamorfosi / INUMI
 1997: Equus 1 & 3
 1997: Master 1 & 2
 1997: Bianca Live / Demoes
 1998: Hum It in the Streets (Papermasche)
 1998: Ariel Rosenberg's Thrash n' Burn + PRE
 1998: Gorrilla Live 1 + Solo
 1998: Unreleased Gorrilla tape
 1998: Gorilla 2
 1998: Appleasians Vaults
 1998: Appleasians Greatest Hits
 1999: Appleasians Live / The Birth of Haunted Graffiti Demoes
 2000: Mother of God + Orange S*NS Live

Haunted Graffiti series

 1998: Haunted Graffiti – Cemetries / Railroads
 1999: Haunted Graffiti – Underground Double
 1999: Haunted Graffiti – Spiers in the Snow EP
 1999: Haunted Graffiti – Phantasm EP
 1999: Haunted Graffiti – Young Pilot Astray + Phantasm EP
 1999: Haunted Graffiti – Doldrums Sessions
 2000: Haunted Graffiti – Doldrums
 2003: Haunted Graffiti 7 – Holy Shit EP

Tour only

 2007: YAS DuDette (tour-only compilation of rarities)
 2007: Hot Saucers (tour-only compilation of rarities and outtakes)
 2008: Oddities Sodomies (tour-only compilation of rarities and outtakes)
 2008: Live at Pacific Palace Aids (tour-only live album)
 2009: Cooler Cat Bootleg (tour only EP)
 2009: Grandes Exitos (tour-only greatest hits)

Guest appearances
 2000: Guitar, bass, drums, vocals, on Rebecca Lynn – Face Down in the Lap of Luxury (Headchange Records)
 2000: Guest vocalist on Centimeters – The Lifetime Achievement Awards (Skin Graft Records)
 2000: Guest appearance on R. Stevie Moore's – The Jinx, Report Card, Conscientious Objector (self released)
 2001: Mouth drums and bass on coL – 26 (JesusWarhol)
 2002: Bass on coL – Oh, Lindsay (JesusWarhol) and Forgotten (JesusWarhol)
 2004: Guest vocalist on All Night Radio – Spirit Stereo Frequency (Sub Pop)
 2004: Production credits on John Maus – Songs (Upset The Rhythm)
 2007: Guest appearance on Vibe Central – HitSongs (Human Ear Music)
 2008: Production credits on Gary War – New Raytheonport (SHDWPLY Records)
 2008: Mouth drums on Astrid Quay's version of The Cure's "The Caterpillar" on Perfect as Cats: a tribute to The Cure (Manimal Vinyl)
 2011: Vocals on Daft Punk/TRS-80 – "Sky Sailor (Float Away)"
 2011: Vocals/Mouth Drums/Drum Loop/Bass/Guitar on Atheif – Similarly Different EP (JesusWarhol)
2012: Music for "Daddy Don't Go" track on Raw Thrills Sick Steez album released on Sixteen Tambourines (Japan)
 2013: Guest appearance on "Suicide Mission" with Outer Limits Recordings on the "Birds, Bees, Babys, Bacteria" album
 2014: Bass on Cassie Ramone's The Time Has Come (Loglady)
 2015: Vocals, bass and keyboards on Soko – My Dreams Dictate My Reality (Because Music)
 2015: Vocals on Miley Cyrus – "Tiger Dreams", Miley Cyrus and Her Dead Petz
 2015: Vocals on Mild High Club – "The Chat" (Circle Star Records)
 2016: Featured on Drugdealer – "Easy to Forget" (Domino Records)
 2016: Featured on Theophilus London – "Revenge" (Fool's Gold Records)
 2017: Featured on Drugdealer – "Easy to Forget" (Domino Records)
 2018: Vocals, guitar, synth on MGMT – "She Works Out Too Much", " When You Die" on Little Dark Age (Columbia)
 2018: Featured on Part Time – "I Can Treat You Better" (Burger/Tough Love)
 2020: Vocals, Drums, Electric Guitar on Yung Lean "Starz"

References

Discographies of American artists
Rock music discographies
disco


The 2007 WNBA All-Star Game was played on July 15, 2007 at Verizon Center in Washington D.C., home of the Washington Mystics. The game was the 8th annual WNBA All-Star Game. This was the second time Washington has hosted the basketball showcase, after previously hosting the 2002 game.

The All-Star Game

Rosters

1 Injured
2 Injury replacement
3 Starting in place of injured player

Coaches
The coach for the Western Conference all-stars was Sacramento Monarchs coach Jenny Boucek. The coach for the Eastern Conference was Detroit Shock coach Bill Laimbeer.

Other events

Three-Point Shootout

Skills Challenge

References

Wnba All-star Game, 2007
Women's National Basketball Association All-Star Game


Callitriche marginata is a species of aquatic plant known by the common name winged water starwort. Callitriche marginata is native to the west coast of North America from British Columbia to Baja California, where it grows in and around vernal pools.

Distribution
It is secure in the southern part of its range in California and Baja, but is rare in Oregon, unknown in Washington, and known from only eight occurrences in British Columbia. In California, it is found from the Coast Ranges, Transverse Ranges, and Peninsular Ranges, through the Central Valley to the High Sierra Nevada.

Description
It forms a floating mat of tiny leaf rosettes attached by long, hairlike stems to its roots in the mud substrate. The stems, each up to about 10 centimeters long, form a tangle when the plant grows outside of the water. The inflorescence sometimes has two inflated whitish bracts alongside the flower. The seeds remain dormant in the soil during the dry season.

References

External links
Jepson Manual Treatment: Callitriche marginata
Callitriche marginata - U.C. Photo gallery

marginata
Flora of the West Coast of the United States
Flora of Baja California
Flora of California
Flora of Oregon
Flora of British Columbia
Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
Freshwater plants


The Railroad Hotel (Seth Davis Tavern) is a building that served as an historic hotel at the triangular lot where Washington Street joins Watertown Street (Route 16) in the West Newton section of Newton, Massachusetts. Built in 1831, it is the only early building still standing in West Newton's village center. The Railroad Hotel is on the National Register of Historic Places and is a contributing property to the West Newton Village Center Historic District.

History

The hotel was built in 1831 in a Greek Revival/Federal style by Seth Davis to serve at first as a lodging stop along a stagecoach line that ran from Boston to Worcester.  Mr Davis was a teacher, an entrepreneur and a developer who had a big influence on the early community of West Newton. The Seth Davis House. Located nearby on Eden Avenue, is also on the National Register.

When the Boston and Worcester Railroad reached West Newton in April 1834, the hotel served as the line's first terminal, and as a transfer point to stagecoaches until the railroad was extended to Worcester the next year. It was known as the Railroad Hotel and Terminal Hotel thereafter, even after the B&W built a dedicated station nearby.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. The building currently houses retail shops and no longer serves as a hotel. It is the only early building still standing in West Newton's village center.

See also
 Seth Davis House
 National Register of Historic Places listings in Newton, Massachusetts

References

External links

National Register of Historic Places in Newton, Massachusetts
Hotel buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts
Federal architecture in Massachusetts
Hotel buildings completed in 1831
Buildings and structures in Newton, Massachusetts
Hotels established in 1831
Railway hotels in the United States
Stagecoach stops in the United States
Historic district contributing properties in Massachusetts
1831 establishments in Massachusetts


UOA or UoA may refer to:

National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
Unit of Application, a geographic area for Medical Training Application Service
University of Aberdeen, Scotland
University of Abertay, Scotland
University of Adelaide, Australia
University of Alberta, Canada
University of Asmara, Eritrea
University of Auckland, New Zealand
UOA Group, a company in Malaysia
Used Oil analysis, a laboratory analysis of a lubricant's properties, suspended contaminants, and wear debris, performed during routine predictive maintenance to provide meaningful and accurate information on lubricant and machine condition.


The Rawson Estate is a historic estate house at 41 Vernon Street in Newton, Massachusetts.  The -story wood-frame house was built c. 1860, and is a well-preserved surviving specimen of an Italianate estate house, a form which was once more common in the Newton Corner area.  It has a symmetrical appearance, with a projecting central section with a gable in which a round-arch window is set.  The front porch has ornate decorative wood trim.  The house was built by Daniel Rawson, a boot and shoe merchant, and was once part of a much larger landholding of the Rawsons.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

See also
 National Register of Historic Places listings in Newton, Massachusetts

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Newton, Massachusetts
Italianate architecture in Massachusetts
Houses completed in 1860