The following events occurred in April 1959:

April 1, 1959 (Wednesday)
Kazuo Inamori founded worldwide office copy complex machine and solar panel brand Kyocera in Japan; the predecessor name was Kyoto Ceramic.
After the Soviet Union restricted travel of American diplomats, the U.S. did the same for the Soviets in America.
The Research Steering Committee on Manned Space Flight John W. Crowley, chaired by Harry J. Goett of the Ames Research Center to head a to assist NASA in long-range planning and basic research on human spaceflight, was created. The Goett Committee would meet for the first time on May 25 to concentrate on NASA's long-range objectives, particularly the issue of a flight program to follow Project Mercury. H. Kurt Strass of the Space Task Group (STG) at Langley Field envisioned that the next project would include an enlarged Mercury capsule to place two astronauts in orbit for up to three days, with a goal of a large cylindrical structure to support a two-week mission with room for a laboratory for extended space missions.
The Navajo Nation Supreme Court came into existence, along with a set of district courts with jurisdiction in Navajo territory in Arizona and New Mexico.
A U.S. Air Force cargo plane crashed at Orting, Washington, killing all four of the crew on board. Witnesses reported that the C-118 had collided with another object in midair, and the incident has become part of UFO lore. The pilot, Lt. Robert R. Dimmick, radioed, "We have hit something, or something has hit us", moments before the crash.

April 2, 1959 (Thursday)
The Soviet Union's Council for Russian Orthodox Church Affairs advised the Russian Orthodox patriarch of new measures to reduce the number of convents, followed by property and income tax increases on the convents.
NASA completed the selection of seven men as astronauts for Project Mercury. Originally planning to pick only six men, the STG screened 508 records and found 110 candidates who met the minimum standards. STG interviewed 69, invited 32 to go through tests and then narrowed the number down to 18. Deputy Administrator Robert Gilruth suggested picking the seven finalists with the most flying experience.
At the same meeting, prospective bidders from 20 companies were briefed on construction of the worldwide tracking range for Project Mercury. The preliminary plan called for an orbital mission tracking network of 14 sites. Contacts had not been made with the governments of any proposed locations except for Bermuda. All sites would have facilities for telemetry, voice communications with the pilot, and teletype (wire or radio) communications with centers in the United States for primary tracking. The tracking sites would provide the Mercury Control Center at Cape Canaveral, Florida, with trajectory predictions; landing-area predictions; and vehicle, systems, and pilot conditions.
After the initial meeting with contractors, plans were made for the Project Mercury animal payload program with monkeys used to cover nine flights, involving four different rocket launch vehicles (Little Joe, Redstone, Jupiter and Atlas).
The U.S. Navy Chief of Naval Operations directed the Atlantic Fleet to support Project Mercury's recovery operations.
A superbolt, more powerful than an ordinary lightning bolt, struck a cornfield near Leland, Illinois, leaving a crater  deep, and breaking windows in homes almost  away.
Born: Juha Kankkunen, Finnish rally car driver and four-time world champion; in Laukaa

April 3, 1959 (Friday)
Vito Genovese, New York Mafia don and boss of the Genovese Crime Family, was convicted on federal narcotics conspiracy charges, but was released three days later after posting $150,000 bond.
Elmer David Bruner died in the electric chair at the West Virginia Penitentiary in Moundsville, West Virginia, becoming the last person to be executed in that state, which abolished the death penalty in 1965.
Born: David Hyde Pierce, American television actor known for Frasier; in Saratoga Springs, New York

April 4, 1959 (Saturday)
In a speech at Gettysburg College, U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower announced the first American commitment to keeping South Vietnam as a separate, non-Communist nation. "We reach the inescapable conclusion", said Eisenhower, "that our own national interests demand some help from us in sustaining in Vietnam the morale, the economic progress, and the military strength necessary to its continued existence in freedom."

April 5, 1959 (Sunday)
In Dortmund, West Germany, Rong Guotuan of Communist China defeated Ferenc Sido of Hungary to win the 25th World Table Tennis Championships, becoming the first Chinese player to do so.
At the Southmoor Hotel in Chicago, black nationalist S.A. Davis, Chairman of the Joint Council of Repatriation, and eight of his associates met with George Lincoln Rockwell, white supremacist, and two of his associates in the American Nazi Party, to discuss a joint resolution in support of government-supported "repatriation" of African-Americans to a homeland on the African continent.

April 6, 1959 (Monday)
The Academy Awards ceremony took place at the RKO Pantages Theatre in Hollywood.  Gigi won a record nine Oscars, including the award for Best Picture.
Texas A&M University won in its fight against admitting women as students, as the U.S. Supreme Court dismissed an appeal by two women from a state court decision.
Robert Sobukwe founded the Pan Africanist Congress as a black African alternative to the African National Congress.
Hal Holbrook began his career of portraying a retired author, with his first performance of Mark Twain Tonight! at the Forty-first Street Theatre in Manhattan.
The "escudo" was created as the new currency of the South American nation of Chile, with the signing by President Jorge Alessandri of Law 13,305 in response to runaway inflation. The new escudo was worth 1,000 old pesos, which would be completely replaced by January 1, 1960. The "new peso" would replace the Chilean escudo on September 29, 1975, at a rate of one new peso for every 1,000 escudos (or every one million "old pesos").

April 7, 1959 (Tuesday)
In Washington, the National Safety Council first warned parents about the risk of suffocation posed by plastic bags, particularly those used by dry cleaners. The AMA, as well as a trade association of dry-cleaning stores, joined in the warning. In January, Dr. Paul B. Jarrett of Phoenix had begun a campaign to educate the public after five children had suffocated in the previous year.
The first photograph of a falling meteorite was taken in Příbram, Czechoslovakia.
For the first time, a radar signal was sent between the Earth and the Sun. A team led by Dr. Von R. Eshleman, Lt. Col. Robert C. Barthle, and Dr. Philip B. Gallagher, transmitted the beam from Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, and received the return 17 minutes later. The morning experiments were repeated on April 10 and April 12, and the data was published in the journal Science on February 5, 1960.
By a margin of 386,845 to 314,380 voters in Oklahoma elected to repeal the state's constitutional prohibition on the sale of alcohol, leaving Mississippi as the only dry American state.  Liquor sales began on September 1.
The town of Jackpot, Nevada, was founded.  Located a few miles south of the border with Idaho, the gambling center was created after Idaho banned gambling.
Israel created the first Holocaust Memorial Day by vote of the Knesset in Tel Aviv, to be observed on the 27th day of Nisan, which fell on May 5 in 1959. If the 27th falls on a Friday, the observation is held on the 26th.  In 2009, Nisan 27 was on April 21.
The Philippine government began use of the presidential yacht, the R.P.S. Lapu-Lapu (PY-77).

April 8, 1959 (Wednesday)
 Grace Hopper and others met at the University of Pennsylvania to discuss a computer programming language that would be more applicable to programming for business than FORTRAN. Following the meeting, a task force overseen by Hopper created COmmon Business Oriented Language, or COBOL.
 The Inter-American Development Bank was founded in Washington as an initiative by the Organization of American States to distribute financial aid to OAS member nations.
 As many as 250 delegates to a conference of the AFL-CIO got food poisoning after eating dinner on board a train bound from Toledo to Washington.
 One day before the press conference introducing the members of NASA Astronaut Group 1, USAF test pilot Capt. Halvor M. Ekeren, Jr., who had been one of the 32 astronaut finalists earlier in the year, died in the crash of his Convair JF-106A-50 Delta Dart near Indian Springs AFB in Nevada.
 Died: Marios Makrionitis, 45, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Athens, was killed in an automobile accident.

April 9, 1959 (Thursday)

NASA Administrator T. Keith Glennan introduced the Mercury Seven astronauts at a press conference in Washington, D.C. By rank, they were Lt. Col. John Glenn, Lieutenant Commanders Wally Schirra and Alan Shepard, Air Force Captains Gordon Cooper, Gus Grissom and Deke Slayton, and Navy Lt. Scott Carpenter.
The first hijacking of an airliner to Cuba took place after six Haitian rebels killed the pilot of a Coahata Airlines flight bound from Aux Cayes to Port-au-Prince, then flew the DC3 to Havana.
Comedian Lenny Bruce made his national television debut, as a guest on The Steve Allen Show.
The Boston Celtics beat the Minneapolis Lakers 118–113 to sweep the four-game NBA championship series, in the first of the Celtics-Lakers title matches.
Actor George Reeves, who portrayed Superman on television, was injured when the brakes failed on his Jaguar automobile, and he crashed into a light pole near his home in Beverly Hills. Reeves suffered regular headaches after the accident, and would die from a gunshot wound on June 16.

Died: Frank Lloyd Wright, 91, American architect, died in Phoenix, three days after intestinal surgery.

April 10, 1959 (Friday)

Japan's Crown Prince Akihito married Michiko Shōda in a 15-minute Shinto ceremony, at  in Tokyo. She was the first commoner to marry into the Imperial House of Japan. After the wedding, Kensetsu Makayama, 19, tried to climb into the royal coach after throwing a rock at the couple.
Thirty-four people, mostly children, were killed by a bomb left over from World War II. Fishermen had retrieved the  weapon from a sunken ship in Lingayen Gulf near Dagupan in the Philippines, and were taking apart the device while curious onlookers watched.
A sniper attempted to shoot Virginia Governor J. Lindsay Almond outside the Executive Mansion in Richmond. The Governor was unhurt, and the would-be assassin was not found.
Born:
Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds, songwriter/musician; in Indianapolis
Brian Setzer, American rock musician for the band Stray Cats; in Massapequa, New York
Died: Leonard Shockley, 17, became the last juvenile to be executed in the United States. Shockley, who was 16 when he committed a murder by cutting the throat of a shopkeeper, was put to death in the gas chamber at the Maryland State Penitentiary at . For nearly 40 years, he would also be the last person to be executed for a crime committed as a minor. On February 4, 1999, Sean Sellers would be put to death in Oklahoma for a 1985 murder committed when he was 16.

April 11, 1959 (Saturday)
Bill Pickering, director of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, announced America's plans for a crewed lunar mission "within the next 5 to 10 years". Speaking to a group of Caltech alumni, Pickering said that the Nova rocket, once perfected, would "be able to transport two or three men to the moon and return them to earth."

April 12, 1959 (Sunday)
The body of former Haitian presidential candidate Clement Jumelle was hijacked from the funeral procession in Port-au-Prince. It has been speculated that Haitian dictator François Duvalier wanted to use the brain in a voodoo ceremony.
The myth of the Chinese word for "crisis" was perpetuated by Senator John F. Kennedy, who said, "When written in Chinese, the word crisis is composed of two characters—one represents danger and the other represents opportunity."
NASA's STG conducted the second full-scale beach abort test on Wallops Island. After a deliberate thrust misalignment of  was programmed into the escape combination, the test was fully successful. Two further tests were conducted the next day.

April 13, 1959 (Monday)
The United States and Britain asked the Soviet Union to join in a moratorium on above-ground nuclear weapons testing.
Singer Mario Lanza gave his final concert, in Kiel, West Germany. He would die on October 7 of the same year.
The United States launched the Discoverer II satellite from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California at . The capsule was successfully ejected but lost after a timing error sent it to Norway rather than Hawaii.
NASA asked the U.S. Navy for use of the "human centrifuge" at the Aviation Medical Acceleration Laboratory (AMAL) at Johnsville, Pennsylvania, for the Mercury program.
Died: Eduard van Beinum, 57, Dutch conductor, collapsed of a heart attack while rehearsing with the Concertgebouw Orchestra in Amsterdam. Van Beinum was reportedly leading the orchestra in playing Brahms' First Symphony in C Minor "when he lowered his baton and called for a pause", then fell to the floor.

April 14, 1959 (Tuesday)
The Robert A. Taft Memorial, a carillon with 27 bells, was dedicated in Washington. President Eisenhower and former president Hoover delivered remarks before a crowd of 5,000 people.
The Atlas D missile was launched from Cape Canaveral in its first test. With a range of , the missile could travel farther than any previously produced in the United States. The rocket exploded soon after launch, as did two other Atlas D launches, until succeeding on July 29, 1959.
The Grumman OV-1 Mohawk, built as the U.S. Army's reconnaissance airplane, made its first flight.

April 15, 1959 (Wednesday)
Four men hijacked a Cuban airliner to the United States. They landed the plane at  in Miami.
Fidel Castro arrived in Washington for an 11-day tour of the United States.
U.S. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles resigned after the metastasizing of his abdominal cancer. Choking back tears, President Dwight D. Eisenhower announced the news at a press conference in Augusta, Georgia.
Hundreds turned out in Oklahoma City to see whether Otis T. Carr would launch a flying saucer to fly  off the ground. Carr rescheduled the launch several times, but it never took place.
Born: Emma Thompson, English actress, in Paddington, London

April 16, 1959 (Thursday)
The United States deployed the first Thor missiles in Great Britain, under the command of Royal Air Force crews. The nuclear warheads on the missiles remained under American control.
At an altitude of , an Air France flight from Paris to Dijon lost power  from its destination. The crew glided the plane the rest of the way.
NASA asked the U.S. Air Force furnish two TF-102B and two T-33 aircraft for the Project Mercury astronauts for training in order to maintain their proficiency in high performance aircraft.
Voters in Harlem Heights, a neighborhood near Chicago, elected in a referendum to incorporate as the city of Palos Heights, Illinois.
Rioters at the Montana State Prison in Deer Lodge took 16 guards and 7 other people hostage. The disturbance broke out at 4:30. Two hostages were released the next day.
"Judgment at Nuremberg" was telecast as a live television broadcast on Playhouse 90 and was then adapted to a 1961 film.

April 17, 1959 (Friday)
Twenty-six people died in the crash of a Mexican C-46 airplane, en route from Mexicali to Guayama. The Tigres Voladores Airlines plane exploded in midair as it made its approach.
Born: Sean Bean, English actor; in Handsworth, South Yorkshire

April 18, 1959 (Saturday)

The Corvette Stingray was introduced, racing at Marlboro Raceway and finishing in fourth place.
The Montreal Canadiens beat the Toronto Maple Leafs 5–3 to win their fourth straight Stanley Cup, in the fifth game of the series.
At 3:45 a.m., fifty members of the Montana National Guard stormed the Montana State Prison at Deer Lodge, rescued the 16 remaining hostages, and ended the prison revolt there after 36 hours.

April 19, 1959 (Sunday)
For the first time in Switzerland's history, a woman was allowed to cast a vote. Although the nation's male voters had rejected universal suffrage on February 1, the Swiss canton of Vaud approved female participation in local elections. Mrs. Ida Pidoux became the first woman to exercise the new right, casting a ballot for candidates of her choice in Oulens-sur-Lucens.
Fidel Castro appeared on Meet the Press and denied that Cuba would turn to communism. Later that day, the Cuban premier met with U.S. Vice-President Richard M. Nixon.
Born: Donald Markwell, Australian social scientist and educator, and Warden of Rhodes House, Oxford; in Quilpie, Queensland
Died: Alfred Steele, 57, Chairman of the Pepsi Cola Company and husband of Joan Crawford. Christina Crawford would later claim, in an updated version of Mommie Dearest, that she believed that her mother murdered her stepfather.

April 20, 1959 (Monday)
The Ilyushin Il-18, a turboprop airliner that could carry 95 passengers, was put into service by the Soviet national airline, Aeroflot.

The pilot for what would become the ABC television series The Untouchables was first shown, appearing in the first of two installments as part of the Westinghouse Desilu Playhouse anthology series CBS.  The show was based on the autobiography of retired federal agent Eliot Ness, whose role was played by actor Robert Stack.  The ABC network picked up the contract to make a regular series that would premiere on October 15.
Born: Clint Howard, American film and television actor; in Burbank, California
Died: Morris K. Jessup, 59, American mathematician, astronomer, and authority on UFOs, was found dead in his car from carbon monoxide poisoning, an apparent suicide, although some conspiracy theorists believe that he was murdered.

April 21, 1959 (Tuesday)
Alfred Dean set a record by catching a  great white shark off the coast of Ceduna, South Australia.
The tradition of a cannon firing at noon in Rome was started again after a 20-year hiatus.

April 22, 1959 (Wednesday)
In a game between the Kansas City Athletics and the Chicago White Sox, the Sox scored 11 runs in the seventh inning on only one base hit, and went on to win 20–6. John Callison singled to bring in two players who had reached base on Athletics' errors. After the bases were loaded, eight other players (including Callison) scored from third base by a player being walked, while another scored from third after a batter was struck by a pitch.
In 1955, Florence Houteff, whose husband Victor had founded the Branch Davidian sect in Waco, Texas, had predicted that God would establish the Kingdom of Palestine on April 22, 1959. The prophecy failed, but the Davidians continued, dying in a fire at Waco in 1993.
Norman Rosen filed a patent for the mesh crib bumper, designed to prevent infant suffocation by providing an alternative to the traditional cloth or vinyl sides within a crib. Rosen would receive U.S. Patent No. 3,018,492 on January 30, 1962, for his invention.

In a meeting at Langley, NASA officials concluded that the tower configuration was the best escape system for the Mercury spacecraft and development would proceed using this concept.
The second of two recording dates of Miles Davis' Kind of Blue at Columbia Records' 30th Street Studio in New York City.
Born: Ryan Stiles, American comedian; in Seattle

April 23, 1959 (Thursday)
The press secretary for Ernesto de la Guardia, the President of Panama, charged that American actor John Wayne was financing an attempt by Roberto Arias to overthrow the government there. Wayne dismissed the accusations as ridiculous, and noted, "Roberto never talked politics, and I never heard him say anything about overthrowing the Panamanian government."

April 24, 1959 (Friday)
The 34 Shan States were merged into one region by the government of Burma (now Myanmar).
The bond graph was invented, described as "one of the most effective and most elegant tools for modeling system dynamics".
DeMarquis D. Wyatt, NASA's Assistant to the Director of Space Flight Development, testified before Congress]] in support of a request for $3 million in Fiscal Year 1960 for research into techniques and problems of space rendezvous, which would be a goal of Project Gemini.
Your Hit Parade was broadcast for the last time.
Died: Omaha, 27, American thoroughbred racehorse and winner of the 1935 Triple Crown, died at the age of 24 on a farm in Nebraska City, Nebraska. The horse was buried somewhere on the Ak-Sar-Ben Raceway grounds, but the location has been lost.

April 25, 1959 (Saturday)
The St. Lawrence Seaway opened at . The icebreaker D'Iberville was at the front of 70 ships that would sail from the Atlantic Ocean to Lake Ontario, starting at Montreal. At the same time,  away in Ogdensburg, New York, 19 cargo ships began the journey from the other end of the seaway. The project had taken five years and cost $475,000,000 with a majority of the funding from Canada. The Seaway was dedicated on June 26, 1959.
At the Nazareth, Pennsylvania, Motor Speedway, 19-year-old Mario Andretti made his racing debut, winning the race in a 1948 Hudson.
In Poplarville, Mississippi, a lynch mob kidnapped 23-year-old Mack Charles Parker from his jail cell. His body was found on May 4 in the Pearl River, where he was thrown after being tortured and killed.
A force of about 80 rebels invaded Panama from the Caribbean Sea in an attempt to overthrow the government there. Although Cuban revolutionary leader Fidel Castro denounced the attack along with other OAS members, it was alleged that he had sponsored the attack.

April 26, 1959 (Sunday)
The Caravelle jet airliner, produced by the French manufacturer Sud Aviation, made its first commercial flight as the SE 210 began service with Scandinavian Airlines System.
Reds pitcher Willard Schmidt became the first major league baseball player to be hit by a pitch twice in the same inning in a game against the Milwaukee Braves, once by Lew Burdette and once by Bob Rush.  Later, he was struck by a line drive hit by Johnny Logan.  Only two other major leaguers have repeated the result, Frank Thomas of the Mets in 1962, and Brady Anderson in 1999.
Born:
John Corabi, heavy metal guitarist for Mötley Crüe; in Philadelphia
Pedro Pierluisi, American politician who served as Puerto Rico's non-voting delegate to the United States House of Representatives from 2009 to 2017, and who was sworn in temporarily as Governor of Puerto Rico in August 2019 before his appointment as to the position was annulled five days later; in San Juan, Puerto Rico

April 27, 1959 (Monday)
Liu Shao-chi was named as the new President of the People's Republic of China, as Mao Zedong gave up the ceremonial post to concentrate on the job of First Secretary of the Communist Party.
Philibert Tsiranana was elected the first president of the Malagasy Republic on the island of Madagascar.
At 7:00 a.m. Eastern time, NBC's national broadcasts were shut down by a walkout of engineering personnel. The dispute arose over the planned airing of a Today show segment that had been recorded without union personnel. Programming resumed three hours later.
The radio program One Man's Family was broadcast for the last time, after 27 years on NBC radio.
The seven Project Mercury astronauts reported for duty and their training program was undertaken immediately. Actual training began the next day. Within 3 months the astronauts were acquainted with the various facets of the Mercury program.
Born: Sheena Easton, Scottish-born pop singer; as Sheena Shirley Orr in Bellshill, North Lanarkshire

April 28, 1959 (Tuesday)
Former President Harry S Truman told students at Columbia University that he had made the decision to drop nuclear weapons on Hiroshima and on Nagasaki because an invasion would have cost millions of lives.
Casa de las Americas was founded in Cuba by order of Fidel Castro.
The Vatican announced that Roman Catholics worldwide would receive dispensation to eat meat on Friday during the May Day holiday.
The U.S. Senate confirmed Clare Boothe Luce as ambassador to Brazil by a 79–11 vote, in spite of efforts by Senator Wayne Morse to block the nomination. In thanking the Senate, Mrs. Luce then caused an uproar when she said in a statement, "My difficulties, of course, go some years back and began when Senator Wayne Morse was kicked in the head by a horse", referring to a 1951 accident in which the Senator's jaw had been broken, and calls were made for her resignation. Ambassador Luce quit on May 1. During the debate, Senator Everett Dirksen made a memorable gaffe in defending Mrs. Luce, saying "Why thresh old straws or beat an old bag of bones?"

April 29, 1959 (Wednesday)
The crash of an Iberia Airlines DC-3 killed all 28 people on board, including Joaquín Blume, 25, the 1957 European gymnastics champion. Blume and four other gymnasts had boarded the flight in Barcelona en route to Madrid and were scheduled to compete in a meet in the Canary Islands. Flying in a storm, the twin-engine plane struck the side of the  high Toba Peak in the Sierra de Valdemeca range, at a location near the city of Cuenca.
The Las Vegas Convention Center opened.
The fraternity Phi Kappa Theta was created by the merger of Phi Kappa and Theta Kappa Phi.

April 30, 1959 (Thursday)
The Florianturm, a 720-foot (220-meter) television tower, opened in Dortmund, West Germany, to coincide with an international horticultural festival. Opening that day at the  level was the world's first revolving restaurant.
Félix Houphouët-Boigny was inaugurated as the first African Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire.
The Convair B-36 Peacemaker, in operation since 1946, was flown for the last time.
The Lockheed Electra made its first flight, tested for delivery to Western Airlines.
Born:
Stephen Harper, 22nd Prime Minister of Canada from 2006 to 2015; in Toronto
 Pamela Rabe, Canadian-born Australian stage actress; in Oakville, Ontario

References

1959
1959-04
1959-04


Caphornia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuinae


Capillamentum is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Capillamentum galleyi Laporte, 1984
 Capillamentum nigrofasciatum Pinhey, 1956

References
 Capilamentum at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Glottulinae


Capis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Capis archaia L. Handfield & D. Handfield, 2006
 Capis curvata Grote, 1882

References
 Capis at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Handfield, L. & Handfield, D. (2006). "A new species of Capis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Québec, Canada." The Canadian Entomologist 138: 333-338.
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Calpinae


Stolokrosuchus is an extinct genus of neosuchian crocodylomorph that lived during the Early Cretaceous.  Its fossils, including a skull with a long thin snout and bony knobs on the prefrontal, have been found in Niger.  Stolokrosuchus was described in 2000 by Hans Larsson and Boubacar Gado.  The type species is S. lapparenti.  They initially described it as related to Peirosauridae, if not a member of that family. One study has shown it to be related to Elosuchus. However, more recent works usually find Stolokrosuchus to be one of the basalmost neosuchian, only distantly related to the elosuchid or pholidosaurid, Elosuchus. It was a semiaquatic crocodylomorph.

Phylogeny
The cladogram following by Nicholl et al. 2021:

References

Early Cretaceous crocodylomorphs of Africa
Notosuchians
Prehistoric pseudosuchian genera


Caradjia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Caradrina is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Ferdinand Ochsenheimer in 1816. It is divided into eight subgenera, including Paradrina and Platyperigea, which are treated as separate genera by some authors.

By 1989, about 189 described species were included in the genus.

Description
Its eyes are naked and without lashes. The proboscis is well developed. Palpi upturned, where the second joint evenly clothed with hair. Thorax and abdomen tuftless. Tibia spineless. Cilia non-crenulate.

Species

 Caradrina abruzzensis (Draudt, 1933)
 Caradrina adriennea Hacker & Gyulai, 2004
 Caradrina africarabica (Plante, 1998)
 Caradrina afrotropicalis Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina agenjoi (Boursin, 1936)
 Caradrina agrotina Staudinger, 1891
 Caradrina alana Druce, 1890
 Caradrina albina Eversmann, 1848
 Caradrina aldegaitheri Wiltshire, 1986
 Caradrina alfierii (Boursin, 1937)
 Caradrina altissima Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina ammoxantha Boursin, 1957
 Caradrina amseli (Boursin, 1936)
 Caradrina armeniaca (Boursin, 1936)
 Caradrina asinina Saalmüller, 1891
 Caradrina aspersa Rambur, 1834
 Caradrina asymmetrica (Boursin, 1936)
 Caradrina atriluna Guenée, 1852
 Caradrina atrostriga (Barnes & McDunnough, 1912)
 Caradrina avis Pinker, 1979
 Caradrina azim Boursin, 1957
 Caradrina bactriana Boursin, 1967
 Caradrina baltistana Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina belucha Swinhoe, 1885
 Caradrina beta (Barnes & Benjamin, 1926)
 Caradrina bistrigata Bremer & Grey, 1853
 Caradrina bodenheimeri Amsel, 1935
 Caradrina boursini (Wagner, 1936)
 Caradrina brandti (Boursin, 1939)
 Caradrina callicora (Le Cerf, 1922)
 Caradrina camina (Smith, 1894)
 Caradrina casearia Staudinger, [1900]
 Caradrina chinensis Leech, 1900
 Caradrina clavipalpis (Scopoli, 1763) – pale mottled willow
 Caradrina conditorana Pinker, 1979
 Caradrina danieli Rungs, 1950
 Caradrina derogata (Walker, 1865)
 Caradrina diabolica (Boursin, 1942)
 Caradrina didyma (Boursin, 1939)
 Caradrina distigma Chrétien, 1913
 Caradrina distinctoides Poole, 1989 (syn. C. distincta (Barnes, 1928))
 Caradrina doleropsis (Boursin, 1939)
 Caradrina draudti (Boursin, 1936)
 Caradrina dubitata (Maassen, 1890)
Caradrina dukei Krüger, 2005
 Caradrina eberti (Hacker, 1992)
 Caradrina ectomelaena (Hampson, 1916)
 Caradrina edentata (Berio, 1941)
 Caradrina eremicola (Plante, 1998)
 Caradrina eremocosma (Boursin, 1937)
 Caradrina eucrinospila (Boursin, 1936)
 Caradrina eugraphis Janse, 1938
 Caradrina eva Boursin, 1963
 Caradrina expansa Alphéraky, 1897
 Caradrina falciuncula (Varga & Ronkay, 1991)
 Caradrina fergana Staudinger, [1892]
 Caradrina fibigeri Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina filipjevi (Boursin, 1936)
 Caradrina flava Oberthür, 1876
 Caradrina flavirena Guenée, 1852
 Caradrina flavitincta (Hampson, 1909)
 Caradrina fulvafusca Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina furcivalva (Hacker, 1992)
 Caradrina fuscicornis Rambur, 1832
 Caradrina fuscifusa (Varga & Ronkay, 1991)
 Caradrina fuscomedia Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina gandhara Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina genitalana Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina germainii (Duponchel, 1835)
 Caradrina gilva (Donzel, 1837)
 Caradrina glaucistis Hampson, 1902
 Caradrina gyulaii Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina hedychroa (Boursin, 1936)
 Caradrina hemipentha (Boursin, 1939)
 Caradrina heptarchia (Boursin, 1936)
 Caradrina himachala Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina himaleyica Kollar, 1844
 Caradrina hoenei Hacker & Kononenko, 2004
 Caradrina hypocnephas Boursin, [1968]
 Caradrina hypoleuca Boursin, [1968]
 Caradrina hypostigma (Boursin, 1932)
 Caradrina ibeasi (Fernandez, 1918)
 Caradrina immaculata Motschulsky, 1860
 Caradrina ingrata Staudinger, 1897
 Caradrina inopinata Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina intaminata (Walker, 1865)
 Caradrina inumbrata (Staudinger, 1900)
 Caradrina inumbratella Pinker, 1979
 Caradrina isfahana Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina jacobsi (Rothschild, 1914)
 Caradrina kadenii Freyer, 1836 – Clancy's rustic
 Caradrina kashmiriana Boursin, [1968]
 Caradrina katherina Wiltshire, 1947
 Caradrina kautti Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina khorassana (Boursin, 1942)
 Caradrina klapperichi Boursin, 1957
 Caradrina kravchenkoi Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina lanzarotensis Pinker, 1962
 Caradrina leucopis Hampson, 1902
 Caradrina levantina Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina likiangia (Berio, 1977)
 Caradrina lobbichleri Boursin, 1970
 Caradrina localis Wiltshire, 1986
 Caradrina marginata Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina melanosema (Hampson, 1914)
 Caradrina melanura Alphéraky, 1897
 Caradrina melanurina (Staudinger, 1901)
 Caradrina mendica Maassen, 1890
 Caradrina meralis Morrison, 1875
 Caradrina merzbacheri Boursin, 1960
 Caradrina minoica Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina mirza Boursin, 1957
 Caradrina mona (Barnes & McDunnough, 1912)
 Caradrina monssacralis (Varga & Ronkay, 1991)
 Caradrina montana Bremer, 1864 (syn. C. extima (Walker, 1865)) – civil rustic
 Caradrina morosa Lederer, 1853
 Caradrina morpheus (Hufnagel, 1766) – mottled rustic
 Caradrina muelleri Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina multifera Walker, [1857] – speckled rustic
 Caradrina nadir Boursin, 1957
 Caradrina naumanni Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina nekrasovi Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina noctivaga Bellier, 1863
 Caradrina oberthuri (Rothschild, 1913)
 Caradrina olivascens Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina owgarra Bethune-Baker, 1908
 Caradrina pallidula Saarmüller, 1891
 Caradrina panurgia (Boursin, 1939)
 Caradrina parthica Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina parvaspersa (Boursin, 1936)
 Caradrina persimilis (Rothschild, 1920)
 Caradrina personata (Kuznetzov, 1958)
 Caradrina pertinax Staudinger, 1878
 Caradrina petraea Tengström, 1869
 Caradrina pexicera (Hampson, 1909)
 Caradrina phanosciera (Boursin, 1939)
 Caradrina poecila (Boursin, 1939)
 Caradrina prospera (Kuznetzov, 1958)
 Caradrina proxima Rambur, 1837
 Caradrina pseudadelpha (Boursin, 1939)
 Caradrina pseudagrotis (Hampson, 1918)
 Caradrina pseudalpina (Boursin, 1942)
 Caradrina pseudocosma (Plante, 1998)
 Caradrina pulvis (Boursin, 1939)
 Caradrina pushkara Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina rebeli Staudinger, 1901
 Caradrina rjabovi (Boursin, 1936)
 Caradrina ronkayrorum Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina roxana (Boursin, 1937)
 Caradrina rudebecki Krüger, 2005
 Caradrina salzi (Boursin, 1936)
 Caradrina sarhadica (Boursin, 1942)
 Caradrina scotoptera (Püngeler, 1914)
 Caradrina selini Boisduval, 1840
 Caradrina senecai Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina shugnana Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina signa (D. S. Fletcher, 1961)
 Caradrina singularis Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina sinistra (Janse, 1938)
 Caradrina sogdiana (Boursin, 1936)
 Caradrina soudanensis (Hampson, 1918)
 Caradrina squalida Eversmann, 1842
 Caradrina stenoeca Wiltshire, 1986
 Caradrina stenoptera (Boursin, 1939)
 Caradrina stilpna Boursin, 1957
 Caradrina superciliata Wallengren, 1856
 Caradrina surchica (Boursin, 1937)
 Caradrina suscianja (Mentzer, 1981)
 Caradrina syriaca Staudinger, [1892]
 Caradrina tenebrata Hampson, 1902
 Caradrina terrea Freyer, 1840
 Caradrina tibetica (Draudt, 1950)
 Caradrina tolima Maassen, 1890
 Caradrina torpens Guenée, 1852
 Caradrina transoxanica Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina turatii (Boursin, 1936)
 Caradrina turbulenta (Warren, 1911)
 Caradrina turcomana Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina umbratilis (Draudt, 1933)
 Caradrina vargai Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina variolosa Motschulsky, 1860
 Caradrina vicina Staudinger, 1870
 Caradrina warneckei (Boursin, 1936)
 Caradrina wiltshirei (Boursin, 1936)
 Caradrina wullschlegeli Püngeler, 1903
 Caradrina xanthopis (Hampson, 1909)
 Caradrina xanthorhoda (Boursin, 1937)
 Caradrina xiphophora Boursin, 1967
 Caradrina zaghrobia Hacker, 2004
 Caradrina zandi Wiltshire, 1952
 Caradrina zernyi (Boursin, 1936)
 Caradrina zuleika Boursin, 1957

References

Caradrinini
Taxa named by Ferdinand Ochsenheimer


Carandana is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Caranilla was a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae described by Frederic Moore in 1885; it is now considered a synonym of Buzara, although some species are placed in the genus Bastilla.

References

Holloway, J. D. & Miller, Scott E. (2003). "The composition, generic placement and host-plant relationships of the joviana-group in the Parallelia generic complex". Invertebrate Systematics. 17: 111–128.

Catocalinae


Caranusca is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuidae


Carbona  is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Carcharoda is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Cardepia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Cardepia affinis Rothschild, 1913
 Cardepia arenaria (Hampson, 1905)
 Cardepia arenbergeri Pinker, 1974
 Cardepia dardistana Boursin, 1967
 Cardepia halophila Hacker, 1998
 Cardepia hartigi Parenzan, 1981
 Cardepia helix Boursin, 1962
 Cardepia irrisoria (Erschoff, 1874)
 Cardepia kaszabi Sukhareva & Varga, 1973
 Cardepia legraini Hacker, 1998
 Cardepia martoni Hacker, 1998
 Cardepia mixta (Pagenstecher, 1907)
 Cardepia oleagina Hacker, 1998
 Cardepia sociabilis (Graslin, 1850)

References
 Cardepia at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadenini
Moth genera


Cardiestra is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species include:
    * Cardiestra eremistis (Püngeler 1904)
    * Cardiestra gobideserti (Varga 1973)
    * Cardiestra vaciva (Püngeler 1906)
    * Cardiestra vasilinini (Bang-Haas 1927)

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Carelis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Carelis albula Bowden, 1956
 Carelis ochrivirga (Prout, 1927)

References
 Carelis at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Carillade is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Carillade harmonia, is found in Costa Rica. Both the genus and the species were first described by Schaus in 1913.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


Estet (stylised as ESTET) is a 2010 Malaysian Malay-language romantic comedy-drama film directed by Mamat Khalid. It was released 4 November 2010. It is produced by his company Naga XV, and is in Malay and Tamil languages. The film was nominated for 10 categories in the 23rd Malaysia Film Festival, in which it won the Special Jury Award category while one of its actors, Shashi Taran, won the Best Supporting Actor category.

Cast
 Shashi Tharan as Shashi
 Farid Kamil as Farid, Shashi's Malay friend.
 Jasmin as Geetha, Shashi's sister.
 Soffi Jikan as Junna
 S. Veerasingam as Ponniah
 Kamarul Haji Yusof as Yaacop, Farid's father
 Gandii Nathen as Apaa Shashi, Shashi's father.
 Mislina Mustaffa as Kak Lina
 Mohan as Mohan
 Jayasree as Jayasree
 Rosyam Nor as Kublai Khan

David Arumugam of the band Alleycats also makes a brief cameo appearance in the film.

References

External links
 ESTET from Sinema Malaysia

2010 films
Malaysian comedy films
Malay-language films
Tamil-language Malaysian films
Films directed by Mamat Khalid
Films with screenplays by Mamat Khalid


Carmara is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Carmara subcervina, is found in Sri Lanka, Japan, Taiwan, Borneo and Australia. Both the genus and species were first described by Francis Walker in 1864.

Its forewings are brownish with a pale broken zigzag submarginal line. There is a pale mark on the hindmargin of hindwings.

Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms gives Carmara as a synonym of Nechesia Walker, 1862.

References

Moths of Asia
Moths described in 1864
Acontiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Caroga costalis is the only species in the  monotypic moth genus Caroga of the family Erebidae. It is found in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Both the genus and the species were first described by Schaus in 1906.

References

Calpinae
Moths described in 1906


Carpheria is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae erected by George Hampson in 1926. Its only species, Carpheria aroa, was first described by George Thomas Bethune-Baker in 1906. It is found in New Guinea.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


Carpholithia is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Carpholithia cinerea, is found in Chile. Both the genus and the species were first described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1882.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera
Endemic fauna of Chile


Carsina is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1924.

Species
Carsina bifasciata Wileman, 1914
Carsina enervis Swinhoe, 1890
Carsina flavibrunnea Hampson, 1895
Carsina kanshireiensis Wileman, 1914
Carsina mandarina Leech, 1900
Carsina obliqua Moore, 1867
Carsina undulifera Hampson, 1926

Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms gives this name as a synonym of Blasticorhinus Butler, 1893.

References

Calpinae


Carteris is a genus of litter moths of the family Erebidae.

Species
 Carteris lineata (Druce, 1898)
 Carteris oculatalis (Möschler, 1890) – dotted carteris moth

References

 Carteris at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Herminiinae
Moth genera


Caryonopera is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1926.

Species
Caryonopera bergeri Berio, 1956
Caryonopera breviramia Hampson, 1926
Caryonopera gabunalis Holland, 1894
Caryonopera mainty Viette, 1972
Caryonopera malgassica Berio, 1955
Caryonopera moenasalis Walker, 1858
Caryonopera pyrrholopha Fletcher, 1961
Caryonopera royi Fletcher & Viette, 1955
Caryonopera triangularis Bethune-Baker, 1911

References

Calpinae


Casamba is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Casandria is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Casandria emittens, is found in Jamaica. Both the genus and the species were first described by Francis Walker in 1857.

References

Catocalinae
Monotypic moth genera


Casperia erebipennis is the only species in the  monotypic moth genus Casperia of the family Erebidae. It is known from Colombia. Both the genus and the species were first described by Francis Walker in 1867.

References

Hypeninae


Cassania is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuinae


Catabena is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Catabena lineolata Walker, 1865
 Catabena sagittata Barnes & McDunnough, 1913

Former species
 Catabena pronuba is now Supralathosea pronuba Barnes & McDunnough, 1916

References
 Catabaena at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Catada is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. It was first described by Francis Walker in 1859.

Description
Palpi slender, sickle shaped and naked. Second joint reaching far above vertex of head and tapering to extremity. Third joint long and slender. Antennae of male somewhat thickened and flattened or minutely ciliated. Thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled. Forewings with vein 7 from upper angle of cell. Hindwings with vein 5 from middle of discocellulars, where veins 6 and 7 usually arise from cell.

Species
Some species of this genus are:
 Catada agassizi Holloway, 2008
 Catada antipodalis (Holland, 1900)
 Catada auchja Lödl, 2002
 Catada bellaria Lödl & Paumkirchner, 2001
 Catada bipartita (Moore, 1882)
 Catada canaliferalis (Moore, 1877)
 Catada charalis Swinhoe, 1900
 Catada cornesi Lödl, 2001
 Catada dahlioides Rothschild, 1915
 Catada dichroana (Viette, 1958)
 Catada griseomarginalis (Rothschild, 1915)
 Catada ja Lödl, 2001
 Catada janalis (Schaus, 1893)
 Catada ndalla Bethune-Baker, 1911
 Catada nebrida Holloway, 2008
 Catada obscura de Joannis, 1906
 Catada phaeopasta Hampson, 1909
 Catada philemonalis (Walker, 1859)
 Catada psychis Lödl & Paumkirchner, 2001
 Catada purpureotincta Hampson, 1895
 Catada rubricaea Schultze, 1907
 Catada rufula Holloway, 2008
 Catada transversalis (Moore, 1877)
 Catada vagalis Walker, 1859

References

Lödl, Martin (1999). "Redescription of Catada vagalis (Walker, [1859] 1858) and some notes on the genus Catada Walker, (1859) 1858 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Hypeninae)". Quadrifina. 2: 137–144.

Hypeninae
Moth genera


Catadella is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Catadella pyralistis, is found in Taiwan. Both the genus and the species were first described by Strand in 1919.

Some sources give this name as a synonym of Catada Walker, [1859].

References

Hypeninae
Monotypic moth genera


Catadoides is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Thomas Bethune-Baker in 1908.

Species
Catadoides fijiensis Robinson, 1975 Fiji
Catadoides longipalpis (Swinhoe, 1903) Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, Java
Catadoides punctata Bethune-Baker, 1908 New Guinea, Seram
Catadoides russula Holloway, 2008 Borneo
Catadoides vunindawa Robinson, 1875 Fiji

References

Hypeninae
Moth genera


Catalana  is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Pierre Viette in 1954.

Species
 Catalana sandrangato Viette, 1961
 Catalana vohilava Viette, 1954

References

Further reading

Calpinae


Cataloxia is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Cataloxia diagrapta, is found in Borneo. Both the genus and the species were first described by George Hampson in 1926.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


Melafix is a brand of aquarium medicine made by Mars Fishcare, marketed as a natural remedy for bacterial infections, made from cajeput oil.

Uses
Melafix is used by hobby fishkeepers to treat and prevent bacterial fish disease, including fin rot and cottonmouth disease. It is an option for those who prefer to use natural remedies on their tank. However, among aquarists, its usefulness is debated on the basis of its efficacy and potential harm to anabantoid fish such as Betta splendens.

It is also sometimes used in laboratory settings involving fish. In an effort to improve animal welfare of studied fish, Rácz et al. refined a protocol for the tagging of zebrafish (an important model organism) which includes the use of Melafix as a post-procedure antiseptic.

The product is on the list of approved treatments for fish during mandatory quarantine after being imported to Australia.

Safety and efficacy
A 2015 study on Melafix found it had no antibacterial properties against several common fish pathogens, and suggested that reports of success with the product from hobbyists might point to immunostimulant properties instead. It also concluded that the product had no harmful impact on either goldfish or common clownfish.

Another study the same year tested its efficacy against the common guppy parasite, Gyrodactylus turnbulli. An in vitro experiment found that Melafix, as well as the cajeput oil and an emulsifier used in the product tested separately, were as effective against the parasite as the antihelminthic drug Levamisole. An in vivo experiment found Melafix highly effective against the parasite when used in combination with another product from the company, Pimafix. However, neither product was significantly different than the control on its own.

References

Fish medicine
Veterinary drugs
Mars brands


Catamecia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Catamelas is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae erected by Alois Friedrich Rogenhofer in 1874. Its only species, Catamelas caripina, was first described by Felder in 1874. It is found in Brazil.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


Catasema is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Catasema vulpina, is found in Uzbekistan. Both the genus and species were first described by Otto Staudinger in 1888.

References

Cuculliinae
Monotypic moth genera


Catephia is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. Most species of this genus are found in Africa.

Description
Palpi smooth and reaching just above vertex of head. Thorax hairy. Abdomen with dorsal tufts and ridges of scales on proximal segments. Tibia hairy and spineless. Forewings with nearly rectangular apex.

Species
The species of this genus are:
 Catephia abrostolica Hampson, 1926
 Catephia albifasciata (Pinhey, 1968)
 Catephia albirena Hampson, 1926
 Catephia albomacula (Draeseke, 1928)
 Catephia alchymista (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
 Catephia barrettae Hampson, 1905
 Catephia cana (Brandt, 1939)
 Catephia compsotrephes Turner, 1932
 Catephia corticea Le Cerf, 1922
 Catephia cryptodisca Hampson, 1926
 Catephia dentifera (Moore, 1882)
 Catephia diphteroides (Moore, 1885)
 Catephia dipterygia Hampson, 1926
 Catephia discophora Hampson, 1926
 Catephia endoplaga Hampson, 1926
 Catephia eurymelas Hampson, 1916
 Catephia flavescens Butler, 1889
 Catephia holophaea Hampson, 1926
 Catephia iridocosma (Bethune-Baker, 1911)
 Catephia javensis Hampson, 1926
 Catephia lobata (Prout, 1928)
 Catephia melanica Hampson, 1926
 Catephia mesonephele Hampson, 1916
 Catephia metaleuca Hampson, 1926
 Catephia microcelis Hampson, 1926
 Catephia molybdocrosis Hampson, 1926
 Catephia nigrijuncta (Warren, 1914)
 Catephia nigropicta (Saalmüller, 1880)
 Catephia obscura (Wileman, 1914)
 Catephia oligomelas (Mabille, 1890)
 Catephia olivacea (Walker, 1863)
 Catephia pallididisca Hampson, 1926
 Catephia pericyma Hampson, 1916
 Catephia personata Walker, 1865
 Catephia philippinensis Wileman & West, 1929
 Catephia poliochroa Hampson, 1916
 Catephia pyramidalis Hampson, 1916
 Catephia sciachroa Hampson, 1926
 Catephia sciras Fawcett, 1916
 Catephia scotosa (Holland, 1894)
 Catephia scylla Fawcett, 1916
 Catephia serapis Fawcett, 1916
 Catephia shisa Strand, 1920
 Catephia sospita Fawcett, 1916
 Catephia squamosa Wallengren, 1856
 Catephia striata Hampson, 1902
 Catephia stygia Hampson, 1926
 Catephia thricophora Hampson, 1894
 Catephia triphaenoides Viette, 1965
 Catephia virescens Hampson, 1902
 Catephia xanthophaes (Bethune-Baker, 1911)
 Catephia xylois (Prout, 1925)

Former species
 Catephia arctipennis Hulstaert, 1924
 Catephia canescens Hampson, 1926
 Catephia gravipes (Walker, 1858) (Nagia)
 Catephia linteola Guenée, 1852 (Nagia)
 Catephia melas (Bethune-Baker, 1906)
 Catephia pauli Holloway, 1976 (Ecpatia)
 Catephia perdicipennis (Moore, 1882)
 Catephia sthenistica (Hampson, 1926) (Nagia)
 Catephia susanae Holloway, 1976 (Ecpatia)

References

Catephiini
Moth genera


Catephiodes is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Catephiona is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Catephiona lichenea, is found in Bhutan. Both the genus and the species were first described by George Hampson, the genus in 1926 and the species over 30 years earlier in 1895.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


Catoblemma is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Eustrotiinae


Caularis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Caularis jamaicensis Todd, 1966
 Caularis lunata Hampson, 1904
 Caularis undulans Walker, [1858]

References
 Caularis at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Agaristinae
Noctuoidea genera


Cautaeschra is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1910.

Species
Cautaeschra flavescens Rothschild, 1915 New Guinea
Cautaeschra ustipennis (Hampson, 1894) Nagas

References

Acontiinae


Cautatha is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1910.

Species
Cautatha abyssinica Hacker, Fiebig & Stadie, 2019 Equatorial Guinea, Uganda, Ethiopia
Cautatha bifasciata Hacker, Fiebig & Stadie, 2019 Ethiopia
Cautatha coenogramma (Mabille, [1900]) Madagascar
Cautatha congoensis Hacker, 2019 Zaire
Cautatha crassilineata (Gaede, 1916) Cameroon
Cautatha drepanodes (Hampson, 1910) Cameroon, Gabon, Uganda, Angola, Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania
Cautatha drepanoidea Hacker, 2019 South Africa
Cautatha fontainei Hacker, 2019 Zaire
Cautatha macariodes (Hampson, 1910) Ghana, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Zaire, Gabon, Angola, Uganda, Tanzania
Cautatha megista Hacker, 2019 Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
Cautatha ozolica (Hampson, 1910) Ghana, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Kenya
Cautatha phoenicea Hampson, 1910 Ghana, Liberia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda
Cautatha pyrrhochra Hacker, 2019 Zaire
Cautatha submacariodes (Berio, 1959) Madagascar
Cautatha tenuilineata (Gaede, 1916) Ivory Cost, Burkina Faso, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Tanzania

References

External links

Acontiinae


Cecharismena is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Möschler in 1890.

Taxonomy
The genus has previously been classified in the subfamily Phytometrinae within Erebidae or in the subfamily Calpinae of the family Noctuidae.

Species
The following species are recognised in the genus Cecharismena:

 Cecharismena abarusalis Walker, 1859
 Cecharismena anartoides (Walker, 1865)
 Cecharismena aquilalis (Schaus, 1916)
 Cecharismena byrsopa (Hampson, 1926)
 Cecharismena cara Möschler, 1890
 Cecharismena convergens (Schaus, 1913)
 Cecharismena defecta (Dyar, 1912)
 Cecharismena erythrolopha (Hampson, 1926)
 Cecharismena flaviceps (Hampson, 1926)
 Cecharismena guianalis (Schaus, 1916)
 Cecharismena incerta (Sepp, [1840])
 Cecharismena inoa (Schaus, 1916)
 Cecharismena jalapena (Schaus, 1906)
 Cecharismena josealis (Schaus, 1916)
 Cecharismena lilaceata (Dognin, 1914)
 Cecharismena melicerta (Schaus, 1913)
 Cecharismena nealcesalis (Walker, 1859)
 Cecharismena nectarea Möschler, 1890
 Cecharismena nezeila (Schaus, 1906)
 Cecharismena phaenoceps (Hampson, 1926)
 Cecharismena rubromarginata (Schaus, 1906)
 Cecharismena rufinalis (Walker, [1866])
 Cecharismena tauralis (Walker, [1866])
 Cecharismena tepetlalis (Schaus, 1916)
 Cecharismena tincturalis (Kaye, 1925)
 Cecharismena tortola (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874)
 Cecharismena trilinea (Schaus, 1916)
 Cecharismena zoum (Dyar, 1914)

References

Boletobiinae
Noctuoidea genera


Ceilodiastrophon is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by George Thomas Bethune-Baker in 1908. Both species are known from New Guinea.

Species
Ceilodiastrophon albopunctata (Bethune-Baker, 1908)
Ceilodiastrophon brunneum Bethune-Baker, 1908

References

Herminiinae


Celaena is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Celaena haworthii – Haworth's minor (Curtis, 1829)

References
 Celaena at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Celagyris is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuinae


Celiptera is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae.

Species
 Celiptera carbonensis Barbut & Lalanne-Cassou, 2003
 Celiptera codo Dyar, 1912
 Celiptera cometephora Hampson, 1913
 Celiptera frustulum Guenée, 1852
 Celiptera grisescens (Schaus, 1901)
 Celiptera guerreronis (Draudt, 1940)
 Celiptera levinum (Stoll, 1782)
 Celiptera remigioides (Guenee, 1852)
 Celiptera teretilinea (Guenee, 1852)
 Celiptera thericles Schaus, 1913
 Celiptera valina Schaus, 1901
 Celiptera virginiae Barbut & Lalanne-Cassou, 2003

References

 , 2003. – Description de deux nouvelles espèces néotropicales du genre Celiptera Guenée (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Catocalinae). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 108 (4): 377–382.
 ;  2010: Annotated check list of the Noctuoidea (Insecta, Lepidoptera) of North America north of Mexico. ZooKeys, 40: 1–239.

External links
 Celiptera at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Euclidiini
Moth genera


Centrartha is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Cuculliinae


Centrochlora is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Centrogone is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Cephalospargeta is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. It contains only one species, Cephalospargeta elongata which is found in Texas and on Puerto Rico and Jamaica.

References

External links
 Cephalospargeta at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae
Monotypic moth genera
Moths of North America
Noctuoidea genera
Taxa named by Heinrich Benno Möschler


Cephena is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Frederic Moore in 1882.

Species
Cephena costata Moore, 1882 (India, Taiwan, Thailand, Sumatra, Borneo)
Cephena sundana Holloway (Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra)

References

Calpinae
Moth genera


This is a list of members of the 39th Legislative Assembly of Queensland from 1969 to 1972, as elected at the 1969 state election held on 17 May 1969.

 On 26 December 1969, Country member for Albert, Cec Carey, died. Liberal candidate Bill Heatley won the resulting by-election on 14 February 1970.
 On 4 June 1971, Labor member for Maryborough, Horace Davies, died. Liberal candidate Gilbert Alison won the resulting by-election on 24 July 1971.
 On 30 June 1971, Liberal member for Merthyr, Sam Ramsden, resigned. Liberal candidate Don Lane won the resulting by-election on 24 July 1971.
 On 29 October 1971, Liberal member for Albert, Bill Heatley, died. No by-election was called because of the proximity of the 1972 election.
 On 30 October 1971, Country member for Callide, Vince Jones, died. No by-election was called because of the proximity of the 1972 election.
 South Brisbane MP Col Bennett, Mackay MP Ed Casey and Rockhampton North MP Merv Thackeray lost Labor preselection in January 1972 for that year's election. Casey resigned from the party in February 1972 and would be re-elected as an independent, while Bennett and Thackeray were subsequently expelled from the party when they also challenged the endorsed Labor candidates as independents.

See also
1969 Queensland state election
Premier: Joh Bjelke-Petersen (National Party) (1968–1987)
 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly

References

Members of Queensland parliaments by term
20th-century Australian politicians


Ceramica  is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Ceramica picta – zebra caterpillar (Harris, 1841)
 Ceramica pisi – broom moth (Linnaeus, 1758)

References
 Ceramica at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadenini


College Hill Historic District may refer to:

 College Hill Historic District (Scottsboro, Alabama), listed on the NRHP in Alabama
 College Hill District, Bowling Green, KY, listed on the NRHP in Kentucky
 College Hill Historic District (Bowling Green, Kentucky), listed on the NRHP in Kentucky
 College Hill Historic District (Crete, Nebraska), listed on the NRHP in Nebraska
 College Hill Historic District (Greensboro, North Carolina), listed on the NRHP in North Carolina
 College Hill West Historic District, Corvallis, OR, listed on the NRHP in Oregon
 College Hill Residential Historic District, Easton, PA, listed on the NRHP in Pennsylvania
 College Hill Historic District (Providence, Rhode Island), listed on the NRHP in Rhode Island
 College Hill Historic District (Brownsville, Tennessee), listed on the NRHP in Tennessee
 College Hill Historic District (Maryville, Tennessee), listed on the National Register as the Indiana Avenue Historic District
 College Hill Historic District (Pullman, Washington), listed on the NRHP in Washington
 College Hills Historic District, Shorewood Hills, WI, listed on the NRHP in Wisconsin

See also
College Hill (disambiguation)


Cerapteryx is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Cerapteryx graminis – antler moth (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Cerapteryx megala (Alphéraky, 1882)

References
 Cerapteryx at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadenini


Cerastis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Cerastis faceta (Treitschke, 1835)
 Cerastis leucographa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) – white-marked
 Cerastis orientalis Boursin, 1948
 Cerastis pallescens (Butler, 1878)
 Cerastis robertsoni Crabo & Lafontaine, 1997
 Cerastis rubricosa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) – red chestnut
 Cerastis tenebrifera – reddish speckled dart
 Cerastis violetta Boursin, 1955
Subgenus Metalepsis
 Cerastis cornuta (Grote, 1874)
 Cerastis enigmatica Crabo & Lafontaine, 1997
 Cerastis fishii (Grote, 1878)
 Cerastis gloriosa Crabo & Lafontaine, 1997
 Cerastis salicarum (Walker, 1857)

References
 Cerastis at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
 Crabo, Lars and J. Donald Lafontaine. 1997. A Revision of the Cerastis cornuta group of the geunus Cerastis subgenus Metalepsis (Noctuidae)

Noctuinae
Taxa named by Ferdinand Ochsenheimer


Cerathosia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Cerathosia opistochra Dyar, 1916
 Cerathosia tricolor Smith, 1887

References
 Cerathosia at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Acontiinae


Ceratostrotia is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae described by Warren in 1913. Its only species, Ceratostrotia melanchlaena, was first described by Swinhoe in 1891. It is found in India.

Subspecies
 Ceratostrotia melanchlaena rubidata Warren, 1913

References

Acontiinae
Moths described in 1891
Monotypic moth genera


Cercosimma is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. It includes the subspecies C. electrodes.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuidae


Cerma is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Jacob Hübner in 1818.

Species
 Cerma cerintha Treitschke, 1826
 Cerma cora Hübner, 1818
 Cerma sirius Barnes & McDunnough, 1918

References

Acronictinae


The 2007 Pro Tour season was the twelfth season of the Magic: The Gathering Pro Tour. On 9 February 2007 the season began with Pro Tour Geneva. It ended on 9 December 2007 with the conclusion of the 2007 World Championship in New York. The season consisted of 16 Grand Prixs and 5 Pro Tours, held in Geneva, Yokohama, San Diego, Valencia, and New York. At the end of the season Tomoharu Saitou from Japan was proclaimed Pro Player of the year. At the Worlds in New York the third class of the Hall of Fame was inducted. The inductees were Kai Budde, Zvi Mowshowitz, Tsuyoshi Fujita, Nicolai Herzog, and Randy Buehler.

Pro Tour – Geneva (9–11 February 2007)

Mike Hron of the United States won the Pro Tour, defeating Takuya Oosawa in the Japanese player's second finals appearance. Willy Edel of Brazil became the first South American player with three top eight finishes, and former of player of the year Kenji Tsumura reached the quarter finals for the fifth time.

Tournament data
Prize pool: $240,245
Players: 387
Format: Booster Draft (Time Spiral-Planar Chaos)
Head Judge: David Vogin

Top 8

Final standings

Grand Prixs – Dallas, Singapore, Amsterdam, Kyoto, Massachusetts

GP Dallas (24–25 February)
Format: Extended
Attendance: 748
 Raphaël Lévy
 Paul Cheon
 Kenji Tsumura
 John Pelcak
 Mark Herberholz
 Paul Nguyen
 Alex Ledbetter
 Jim Davis

GP Singapore (3–4 March)
Format: Extended
Attendance: 331
 Raphaël Lévy
 Shingou Kurihara
 Antoine Ruel
 Osamu Fujita
 Olivier Ruel
 Koutarou Ootsuka
 Ryou Ogura
 Tomoharu Saitou

GP Amsterdam (10–11 March)
Format: Two-headed Giant Limited
Attendance: 1336 (668 teams)
 Richard Hornansky Michael Havlik
 Amiel Tenenbaum Gabriel Nassif
 Olaf Koster Christian Kok
 Vassilis Fatouros  Georgios Kapalos

GP Kyoto (17–18 March)
Format: Standard
Attendance: 859
 Yuuya Watanabe
 Yuusuke Iwasaki
 Motokiyo Azuma
 Tsubasa Tomii
 Naoki Shimizu
 Ren Ishikawa
 Atsushi Wada
 Katsuhiro Ide

GP Massachusetts (31 March – 1 April)
Format: Two-Headed Giant Limited
Attendance: 690 (345 teams)
 Matt Wang Steven O'Mahoney-Schwartz
 Gerard Fabiano Eric Ziegler
 Ben Lundquist Timothy Aten
 Matt Rubin Rob DiPalma

Pro Tour – Yokohama (20–22 April 2007)

Frenchman Guillaume Wafo-Tapa won the second Pro Tour of the year, emerging from a Top eight in which every other contestant has at least twice appeared in a PT final eight. Masashi Oiso became only the fifth player to reach the quarter finals more than five times, Portugal's Paulo Carvalho put up his second top eight in three events, and Raphaël Lévy continued his hot streak with his first Pro Tour top eight since 1999.

Tournament data
Prize pool: $240,245
Players: 387
Format: Time Spiral Block Constructed
Head Judge: Sheldon Menery

Top 8

Final standings

Grands Prix – Stockholm, Columbus, Strasbourg, Montreal

GP Stockholm (5–6 May)
Format: Limited
Attendance: 713
 Nicolay Potovin
 André Müller
 Kenji Tsumura
 Oliver Oks
 Bas Postema
 Thomas Refsdal
 Klaus Jöns
 Samuel Korsell

GP Columbus (19–20 May)
Format: Legacy
Attendance: 883
 Steve Sadin
 Owen Turtenwald
 Bill Stark
 Max Tietze
 Gadiel Szleifer
 Paul Nicolo
 Ryan Trepanier
 Michael Belfatto

GP Strasbourg (19–20 May)
Format: Block Constructed
Attendance: 1155
 Tomoharu Saitou
 Raul Porojan
 Shouta Yasooka
 Florian Pils
 Christoph Huber
 Klaus Jöns
 Petr Martinek
 Stefan Heigerer

GP Montreal (23–24 June)
Format: Block Constructed
Attendance: 739
 Celso Zampere Jr.
 Paul Cheon
 Guillaume Wafo-Tapa
 Kenji Tsumura
 Gabriel Schwarz
 Koutarou Ootsuka
 Jason Imperiale
 Shouta Yasooka

Pro Tour – San Diego (29 June – 1 July 2007)

Pro Tour San Diego was the inaugural and as yet only event for the Two-Headed Giant format at the Pro Tour level. Chris Lachmann and Jacob van Lunen won the tournament, both in their first Pro Tour, playing an innovative sliver strategy. They won the elimination bracket in a combined nine turns making it the shortest semi-final and final ever.

Tournament data
Prize pool: $240,500
Players: 390 (195 teams)
Format: Two-Headed Giant Booster Draft (Time Spiral-Planar Chaos-Future Sight)
Head Judge: Toby Elliott

Top 4

Final standings

Grand Prixs – San Francisco, Florence

GP San Francisco (25–26 August)
Format: Block Constructed
Attendance: 672
 Luis Scott-Vargas
 Jonathan Stocks
 Paulo Vitor Damo da Rosa
 Brett Blackmann
 David Irvine
 Andrew Walden
 Zack Smith
 Paul Cheon

GP Florence (8–9 September)
Format: Block Constructed
Attendance: 1082
 Masami Kaneko
 André Coimbra
 Marco Cammilluzzi
 Mido Kagawa
 Armin Birner
 Manuel Bucher
 Rasmus Sibast
 Ronald Guetl

Pro Tour – Valencia (12–14 October 2007)

Pro Tour Valencia began with a bumpy start. The first day of play to be canceled due to flooding. On the other two days the schedule had to be altered somewhat, including additional rounds on Saturday and three rounds on Sunday before Top 8. In the end, Frenchman Remi Fortier defeated Germany's André Müller in the final, making Valencia the third consecutive extended Pro Tour to be won by a French player.

Tournament data
Prize pool: $240,245
Players: 424
Format: Extended
Head Judge: Jaap Brouwer

Top 8

Final standings

Grand Prixs – Brisbane, Bangkok, Krakow, Kitakyuushuu, Daytona Beach

GP Brisbane (20–21 October)
Format: Limited
Attendance: 233
 Anatoli Lightfoot
 Shawn Rayson
 André Coimbra
 Hassan Kamel
 David Zhao
 Norman McPherson
 Andrew Eckermann
 Chris Ninnes

GP Bangkok (27–28 October)
Format: Limited
Attendance: 314
 Masahiko Morita
 Shingou Kurihara
 Yong Han Choo
 Kok Seng Ong
 Junya Iyanaga
 Koutarou Ootsuka
 Steven Tan
 Takuya Oosawa

GP Kraków (3–4 November)
Format: Standard
Attendance: 849
 Paul Cheon
 Amiel Tenenbaum
 Armin Birner
 Olivier Ruel
 Robert Jacko
 David Besso
 Guillaume Wafo-Tapa
 Matej Zatlkaj

GP Kitakyuushuu (10–11 November)
Format: Limited
Attendance: 354
 Junya Iyanaga
 Shouta Yasooka
 Akira Asahara
 Olivier Ruel
 Kazuya Hirabayashi
 Jun Young Park
 Kenji Tsumura
 Chih-Chun Tsai

GP Daytona Beach (17–18 November)
Format: Limited
Attendance: 636
 Seth Manfield
 Paulo Vitor Damo da Rosa
 Tillman Bragg
 Tanon Grace
 Gabe Walls
 Steven Wolansky
 Kyle Miller
 Alex Lieberman

2007 World Championships – New York City (6–9 December 2007)

The World Championships began with the induction of the third class into the hall of fame. The inductees were Kai Budde, Zvi Mowshowitz, Tsuyoshi Fujita, Nicolai Herzog, and Randy Buehler. In the individual competition Uri Peleg became the first Israeli, not only to reach the top eight, but also to win a Pro Tour. For Mori it was his third consecutive Worlds Top 8 appearance. In the team competition, the Swiss defeated the Austrian team in the finals

Tournament data

Prize pool: $215,600 (individual) + $192,200 (national teams)
Players: 386
Formats: Standard, Booster Draft (Lorwyn), Legacy
Head Judge: Mike Guptil

Top 8

Final standings

National team competition

  Switzerland (Nico Bohny, Manuel Bucher, Raphael Genari, Christoph Huber)
  Austria (Thomas Preyer, Stefan Stradner, David Reitbauer, Helmut Summersberger)

Pro Player of the year final standings

After the World Championship Tomoharu Saitou was awarded the Pro Player of the year title.

Performance by country

Japan players dominated the season, making 16 Top 8 appearances although they had only about half as many players on the Pro Tour as the United States, which had the secondmost Top 8 appearances at 9. Both countries generated 21 level 4+ pro players in this season. For the Netherlands despite having generated 7 level 4+ pro players in the season success on the Pro Tour was almost elusive with a single 8th place being their only Top 8 appearance.

T8 = Number of players from that country appearing in a Pro Tour Top 8; Q* = Number of players from that country participating in Pro Tours (PT San Diego is missing as no country breakdown is available for that event); GT = Gravy Trainers (aka players with a Pro Players Club level of 4 or more) from that country generated in the 2007 season; Best Player (PPts) = Player with the most Pro Points from that country, Pro Points of that player in brackets.

References

Magic: The Gathering professional events


Cerocala is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae.

Species
 Cerocala albicornis Berio, 1966
 Cerocala albimacula Hampson, 1916
 Cerocala algiriae Oberthür, 1876
 Cerocala basilewskyi Berio, 1954
 Cerocala caelata Karsch, 1896
 Cerocala confusa Warren, 1913
 Cerocala contraria (Walker, 1865)
 Cerocala decaryi Griveaud & Viette, 1962
 Cerocala grandirena Berio, 1954
 Cerocala ilia Viette, 1973
 Cerocala illustrata Holland, 1897
 Cerocala insana Herrich-Schäffer, [1858]
 Cerocala masaica Hampson, 1913
 Cerocala mindingiensis Romieux, 1937
 Cerocala munda Druce, 1900
 Cerocala oppia (Druce, 1900)
 Cerocala orientalis de Joannis, 1912
 Cerocala ratovosoni Viette, 1973
 Cerocala rothschildi Turati, 1924
 Cerocala sana Staudinger, 1901
 Cerocala scapulosa Hübner, [1808]
 Cerocala sokotrensis Hampson, 1899
 Cerocala subrufa Griveaud & Viette, 1962
 Cerocala vermiculosa Herrich-Schäffer, 1858

References

Ophiusini
Moth genera


Ceroctena is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Achille Guenée in 1852.

Species
 Ceroctena amynta (Cramer, [1779])
 Ceroctena intravirens (Dognin, 1900)

References

Calpinae


Ceromacra is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Achille Guenée in 1852.

Species
Ceromacra cocala Stoll, 1780
Ceromacra cebrensis Schaus, 1914
Ceromacra erebusalis Walker, 1858
Ceromacra putida Dognin, 1912
Ceromacra tymber Cramer, 1777

References

Calpinae


Cerviplusia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Plusiinae


Cerynea is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae erected by Francis Walker in 1859.

Etymology
Cerynea is possibly derived from the hills of Cerynea, where Hercules performed the third labour (the capturing of the Cerynean Hind).

Species

References

Boletobiinae


Cetola is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Oglasa defixa is a species of moth in the family Erebidae first described by Francis Walker in 1862. It is found in Borneo and Thailand. Adults are brown, and are commonly found at elevations between 100 and 1000 m above sea level.

References

Calpinae


Chabora () was an ancient town on the Euphrates, near Nicephorion, that probably derives its name from the Chaboras river. Theophylact Simocatta mentions Ἀβορέων φρούριον, which is, according to William Smith, the same place.

References

Roman towns and cities in Syria
Populated places on the Euphrates River
Lost ancient cities and towns


Chabuata is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
This genus presently contains 2 species:
Chabuata amoeba Hampson, 1905 (from Kenya)
Chabuata rufilinea Hampson, 1910 (from Zambia)

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae
Noctuoidea genera


Chaetaglaea is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Chaetaglaea cerata Franclemont, 1943
 Chaetaglaea fergusoni Brou, 1997
 Chaetaglaea rhonda Stead & Troubridge, 2016
 Chaetaglaea sericea (Morrison, 1874)
 Chaetaglaea tremula (Harvey, 1875)

References
 Chaetaglaea at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Xylenini


Chaetostephana is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Chaetostephana inclusa (Karsch, 1895)
 Chaetostephana rendalli (Rothschild, 1896)

References
afromoths
 Chaetostephana at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

Agaristinae


Chalcamistis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Chalciope  is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae.

Species
 Chalciope alcyona Druce, 1888
 Chalciope bisinuata Snellen, 1880
 Chalciope delta (Boisduval, 1833) (= Chalciope crestonion (Snellen, 1902))
 Chalciope emathion Snellen, 1902
 Chalciope erecta Hampson, 1902
 Chalciope imminua Snellen, 1902
 Chalciope mygdon Cramer, [1777]
 Chalciope pusilla (Holland, 1894)
 Chalciope trigonodesia Strand, 1915

References
 Chalciope at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Poaphilini
Moth genera


Chalcoecia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1908.

Species
 Chalcoecia emessa H. Druce, 1889
 Chalcoecia gloria Schaus, 1911
 Chalcoecia harminella Dyar, 1920
 Chalcoecia heochroa Dyar, 1914
 Chalcoecia patina Dognin, 1922
 Chalcoecia patricia Schaus, 1911
 Chalcoecia rhodoxantha Dognin, 1908

References

Acronictinae


Chalconyx is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Chalconyx ypsilon Butler

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Chalcopasta is a genus of owlet moths in the family Noctuidae. There are about nine described species in Chalcopasta.

Species
These nine species belong to the genus Chalcopasta:
 Chalcopasta acantha Druce, 1889
 Chalcopasta acema (Druce, 1889)
 Chalcopasta ellica Dyar, 1915
 Chalcopasta fulgens Barnes & McDunnough, 1912
 Chalcopasta howardi (H. Edwards, 1877)
 Chalcopasta pterochalcea Dyar, 1909
 Chalcopasta riandana Dyar, 1912
 Chalcopasta sinuata Hampson, 1918
 Chalcopasta territans (H. Edwards, 1884)

Former species
 Chalcopasta koebelei is now Argentostiria koebelei (Riley, 1893)

References

 Chalcopasta at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Chalenata is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1864.

Species
Chalenata bilinia (Schaus, 1904) Brazil (São Paulo)
Chalenata fumosa (Butler, 1879) Brazil (Amazonas)
Chalenata lilacina Hampson, 1910 Argentina (Gran Chaco)
Chalenata mesonephele Hampson, 1910 Argentina
Chalenata micaceella Walker, 1864 Brazil (Tefé)
Chalenata noxia Schaus, 1911 Costa Rica
Chalenata quella (Dyar, 1914) Panama
Chalenata ustata Druce, 1909 Colombia
Chalenata ustatina Dyar, 1914 Panama

References

Acontiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Chalestra is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Chalestra podaresalis, is found in South Africa. Both the genus and species were first described by Francis Walker in 1859.

References

Endemic moths of South Africa
Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


Chamaeclea is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Chamaeclea basiochrea Barnes & McDunnough, 1916
 Chamaeclea pernana (Grote, 1881)

References
 Chamaeclea at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Amphipyrinae


Chamyla is a subgenus of moths of the genus Isochlora of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuinae
Insect subgenera


Chamyna is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Jacob Hübner in 1821.

Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms also gives Varia as a species group of Calliteara Butler, 1881.

Species
Chamyna homalogramma Hampson, 1926
Chamyna homichlodes Hübner, 1806
Chamyna lamponia H. Druce, 1890
Chamyna modesta Schaus, 1912

References

Calpinae
Noctuoidea genera


This is a list of PlayStation Home Game Spaces that were released in the PlayStation Home Open Beta, with the exception of the two Far Cry 2 spaces and the Uncharted: Drake's Fortune space that were released during the Closed Beta. This page also includes the list of PlayStation Home Game Developer Spaces and the list of PlayStation Home Non-gaming Company Spaces. PlayStation Home started an open beta test on December 11, 2008, and closed on March 31, 2015.

Outso is a developing company that developed some of the Game Spaces for Home. Outso was responsible for making the Uncharted 2: Among Thieves, inFAMOUS, Resistance 2 and Warhawk spaces for the respective games developer. They also made the mini-games in those spaces as well as the SOCOM Telestrator in the SOCOM space.

Game Spaces
This list is for all of the Game Spaces that were released in PlayStation Home. Game Spaces generally depicted a level of the game itself and had mini-games or interactions related to the game and were used to promote the game. There were over thirty Game Spaces released in PlayStation Home from either Sony Computer Entertainment or various third party developers. Clap Hanz, Naughty Dog, Incognito Entertainment, Evolution Studios, Sucker Punch Productions, and Media Molecule are developing companies of SCE.

This list is in alphabetical order by their European and/or North American names.
These flags represent each region of Home.
 = Asian Home;  = European Home;   = Japanese Home;  = North American Home

Game Developer Spaces
This list is for all of the Game Developer Spaces that were released in the PlayStation Home Open Beta. Game Developer Spaces functioned similarly to Game Spaces except they were to promote the game developer themselves and several of their games instead of just one of their specific games. There were twelve Game Developer Spaces in Home from four game developers.

These flags represent each region of Home.
 = Asian Home;  = European Home;   = Japanese Home;  = North American Home

Non-gaming Company Spaces
This list is for all of the Non-gaming Company Spaces that were released in the PlayStation Home Open Beta. Non-gaming Company Spaces also functioned similarly to Game Spaces, however, these were to promote the company and its products. They may also have included mini-games that relate to the company. There were six Non-gaming Company Spaces in Home.

These flags represent each region of Home.
 = Asian Home;  = European Home;   = Japanese Home;  = North American Home

See also
PlayStation Home

References

External links
Official PlayStation Home websites Asia | Europe | Japan | North America

Home Game Spaces


Chamyrisilla is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Chamyrisilla ampolleta, is found in China. Both the genus and species were first described by Max Wilhelm Karl Draudt in 1950.

References

Acontiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Chandata is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Chandata aglaja (Kishida & Yoshimoto, 1978)
 Chandata bella (Butler, 1881)
 Chandata c-nigrum Yoshimoto, 1982
 Chandata partita Moore, 1882
 Chandata taiwana Yoshimoto, 1982
 Chandata tridentata Yoshimoto, 1982

References
 Chandata at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Chaograptis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Chaograptis crystallodes Meyrick, 1902
 Chaograptis euchrysa Lower, 1903
 Chaograptis rhaptina Turner, 1904

References
 Chaograptis at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Acontiinae


Charanyca is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Charanyca apfelbecki (Rebel, 1901)
 Charanyca docilis (Walker, 1857)
 Charanyca ferrosqualida Simonyi, 1996
 Charanyca ferruginea (Esper, [1785]) – brown rustic
 Charanyca trigrammica (Hufnagel, 1766) – treble lines

References
 charanyca at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Charanyca. Natural History Museum, London.

Hadeninae


Charanyctycia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuidae


Charierges is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Max Wilhelm Karl Draudt in 1950. Both species are found in Yunnan, China.

Species
Charierges nigralba Draudt, 1950
Charierges brunneomedia Draudt, 1950

References

Cuculliinae


Charitosemia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Charitosemia albigutta Karsch, 1895
 Charitosemia geraldi Kirby, 1896

References
 Charitosemia at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Agaristinae


Charmodia is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Charmodia vectis, is known from Suriname, Panama and Costa Rica. Both the genus and the species were first described by Heinrich Benno Möschler in 1883.

References

Herminiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Charoblemma is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1914.

Species
Charoblemma discipuncta Hampson, 1910
Charoblemma opisthomela Dyar, 1914 Panama
Charoblemma unilinea Dyar, 1914 Panama

References

Acontiinae


Chasmina is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Chasmina alcidamea Druce, 1890
 Chasmina basiflava Holloway, 1979
 Chasmina candida Walker, 1865
 Chasmina coremata Holloway, 1989
 Chasmina fasciculosa Walker, 1858
 Chasmina gracilipalpis Warren, 1912
 Chasmina judicata Walker, 1858
 Chasmina lispodes Turner, 1936
 Chasmina malagasy Viette, 1965
 Chasmina mexicana Draudt, 1927
 Chasmina nigropunctata Bethune-Baker, 1908
 Chasmina pulchra Walker, [1858]
 Chasmina sundana Holloway, 1989
 Chasmina tenuilinea Hampson, 1910
 Chasmina tibialis (Fabricius, 1775)
 Chasmina tibiopunctata Bethune-Baker, 1908
 Chasmina verticata Warren, 1913
 Chasmina vestae (Guenée, 1852)
 Chasmina viridis Robinson, 1975
 Chasmina zonata Walker, 1866

References

 Chasmina at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Chasminodes is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Chasminodes aino Sugi, 1956
 Chasminodes albonitens Bremer
 Chasminodes annamica
 Chasminodes atrata Butler
 Chasminodes behouneki Kononenko, 2009
 Chasminodes bremeri
 Chasminodes cilia Staudinger
 Chasminodes japonica
 Chasminodes nervosa Butler
 Chasminodes nigrifascia
 Chasminodes nigrilinea Leech
 Chasminodes nigrostigma
 Chasminodes niveus
 Chasminodes pseudalbonitens Sugi
 Chasminodes sugii Koronenko
 Chasminodes unipuncta Sugi
 Chasminodes ussurica

References
 Kononenko, V. (2009). "Two new species of the subfamily Xyleninae from China (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)." Zootaxa 1993: 53-60.
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Xyleninae


Chazaria is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Chazaria incarnata (Freyer, 1838)

References
 Chazaria at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Heliothinae
Moth genera


Checupa is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Checupa curvivena Prout, 1924
 Checupa equifortis Prout, 1924
 Checupa fortissima Moore, 1867
 Checupa stegeri Hreblay & Thöny, 1995

References
 Checupa at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Cheillophota is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was defined by George Thomas Bethune-Baker in 1908. All of the species are found in New Guinea.

Species
Cheillophota costistrigata Bethune-Baker, 1908
Cheillophota dinawa (Bethune-Baker, 1908)
Cheillophota nigra (Bethune-Baker, 1908)
Cheillophota owgarra (Bethune-Baker, 1908)

References

Herminiinae


Chelecala is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae erected by George Hampson in 1913. Its only species, Chelecala trefoliata, was first described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1898. It is found in Kenya.

References

Endemic moths of Kenya
Catocalinae


Chelonomorpha is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Chelonomorpha austeni Moore, 1879
 Chelonomorpha burmana Strand, 1912
 Chelonomorpha formosana Miyake, 1907
 Chelonomorpha japana Motschulsky, 1860

References
 Chelonomorpha at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Agaristinae


Chersotis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Chersotis acutangula Staudinger, 1892
 Chersotis alpestris [Schiffermüller], 1775
 Chersotis anatolica Draudt, 1936
 Chersotis andereggii Boisduval, [1837]
 Chersotis capnistis Lederer, 1871
 Chersotis cuprea [Schiffermüller], 1775
 Chersotis cyrnea Spuler, 1908
 Chersotis deplana Freyer, 1831
 Chersotis deplanata Eversmann, 1843
 Chersotis eberti Dufay & Varga, 1995
 Chersotis ebertorum Koçak, 1980
 Chersotis elegans Eversmann, 1837
 Chersotis fimbriola Esper, [1803]
 Chersotis gratissima Corti, 1932
 Chersotis juncta Grote, 1878
 Chersotis kacem Le Cerf, 1933
 Chersotis laeta Rebel, 1904
 Chersotis larixia Guenée, 1852
 Chersotis margaritacea Villers, 1789
 Chersotis multangula Hübner, [1803]
 Chersotis ocellina [Schiffermüller], 1775
 Chersotis oreina Dufay, 1984
 Chersotis poliogramma (Hampson, 1903)
 Chersotis rectangula [Schiffermüller], 1775
 Chersotis sordescens Staudinger, 1900
 Chersotis transiens Staudinger, 1896
 Chersotis vicina Corti, 1930
 Chersotis zukowskyi Draudt, 1936

References
 Chersotis at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuinae
Moth genera


Chibidokuga is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Shōnen Matsumura in 1933.

Species
Chibidokuga hypenodes Inoue, 1979 Japan
Chibidokuga nigra (Hampson, 1898) Sikkim

References

Calpinae
Taxa named by Shōnen Matsumura


Chichimeca  is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Chilkasa is a monotypic moth genus in the family Erebidae. Its only species, Chilkasa falcata, is found in India, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo and the Philippines. Both the genus and the species were first described by Swinhoe in 1885.

References

Calpinae
Moths of Asia
Moths described in 1885
Monotypic moth genera


Chilodes is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Chilodes distracta (Eversmann, 1848)
 Chilodes dubiosa (Draudt, 1950)
 Chilodes maritimus – silky wainscot (Tauscher, 1806)
 Chilodes nigrosignata (Graeser, [1889])
 Chilodes pacifica Sugi, 1982

References
 Chilodes at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Chionoxantha is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1914.

Species
Chionoxantha leucophaea Hampson, 1916
Chionoxantha margarita Brandt, 1938
Chionoxantha staudingeri Standfuss, 1892
Chionoxantha trophotalis Hampson, 1908

References

Acontiinae


Chiripha is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Chitasida is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1926.

Species
Chitasida diplogramma Hampson, 1905
Chitasida duplicata Grünberg, 1910

References

Calpinae


Chlanidophora  is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae; it was historically misclassified, but in 2010 was determined to belong to the subfamily Agaristinae.

References

Agaristinae


Chloantha is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Chloantha elbursica (Boursin, 1967)
 Chloantha hyperici (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

References
 Chloantha at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

External links

Xyleninae


Chloridea is a genus of owlet moths in the family Noctuidae. There are at least three described species in Chloridea.

The species of Chloridea were formerly members of the genus Heliothis, but were moved to Chloridea when it was reinstated as valid genus as a result of research published in 2013.

Species
These species belong to the genus Chloridea:
 Chloridea subflexa (Guenée, 1852) (subflexus straw moth)
 Chloridea tergemina  	(Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874)
 Chloridea virescens (Fabricius, 1777) (tobacco budworm moth)

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Heliothinae
Noctuoidea genera


Chlorocodia is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Chlorocodia olivescens, is found in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. Both the genus and species were first described by George Hampson in 1910.

References

Acontiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Chlorognesia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Chlorograpta is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae erected by George Hampson in 1926. Its only species, Chlorograpta variegata, was first described by Francis Walker in 1866. It is found in Sierra Leone.

References

Calpinae


Dahl's sign (also Thinker's sign or Target sign) is a clinical sign in which areas of darkened (hyperpigmentation) and thickened (hyperkeratotic) skin are seen on the lower thighs and elbows. It occurs in patients with longstanding severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

The sign occurs because patients with COPD tend to sit forwards with their arms resting on their thighs, leading to chronic erythema of the skin at the points of contact. Over time, haemosiderin released from red blood cells trapped in the skin is released causing a brown discolouration of the skin.

Air trapping in the lungs of COPD patients causes the diaphragm to be pushed down and flattened, which reduces the effect of contraction of the diaphragm during inspiration. Sitting forwards pushes the abdominal contents upwards, increasing the curvature of the diaphragm and improving its effectiveness.

Bilateral cubital tunnel syndrome may also be found in patients with Dahl's sign.

Dahl's sign was described by K.V. Dahl in 1970.

References

Medical signs


Chlorothrix  is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Chlumetia is a genus of moths of the family Euteliidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1866.

Description
Palpi with second joint reaching vertex of head and thick scales, where the third joint short. Antennae of male bipectinated. Thorax smoothly scaled. Abdomen with dorsal tufts. Tibia moderately hairy. Forewings with hardly a trace of raised buttons of scaled. Veins 8 and 9 anastomosing to for a short areole. Hindwing with veins 3,4,5 arise from lower angle of cell.

Species
Chlumetia albiapicata (Hampson, 1902) South Africa
Chlumetia alternans Moore, 1882 Darjiling
Chlumetia borbonica Guillermet, 1992 Reunion
Chlumetia brevisigna Holloway, 1985 India, Sri Lanka, Singapore, Java, Philippines
Chlumetia cana Hampson, 1912 Tanzania
Chlumetia dulita Holloway, 1985 Borneo
Chlumetia euryptera Hampson, 1912 New Guinea
Chlumetia euthysticha (Turner, 1941) Borneo, Ternate, New Guinea, northern Queensland, Solomons
Chlumetia griseapicata Laporte, 1970 Ivory Coast
Chlumetia hampsoni (Bethune-Baker, 1906) New Guinea
Chlumetia insularis Prout, 1927 Sao Tome
Chlumetia kinabalua Holloway, 1985 Borneo
Chlumetia lichenosa (Hampson, 1902) Angola, South Africa, Zimbabwe
Chlumetia malaysiana Holloway, 1985 Peninsular Malaysia
Chlumetia melanesiana Holloway, 1985 Solomons
Chlumetia montalbana Holloway, 1985 Philippines
Chlumetia multilineata Wileman & West, 1928 Philippines
Chlumetia polymorpha Hampson, 1920 South Africa, Zimbabwe
Chlumetia postrubra Holloway, 1985 Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, Sulawesi
Chlumetia transversa (Walker, 1863) Indo-Australian tropics to the Solomons
Chlumetia trisigna Holloway, 1985 Bali

References

Euteliinae
Noctuoidea genera


Chobata is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Chobata discalis, is found in the Dominican Republic. Both the genus and species were first described by Francis Walker in 1858.

References

Acontiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Chodda is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1863.

Species
 Chodda aeluropis (Meyrick, 1902)
 Chodda costiplaga (Bethune-Baker, 1906)
 Chodda ochreovenata (Bethune-Baker, 1906)
 Chodda sordidula Walker, [1863]

References

Calpinae
Noctuoidea genera


Choephora is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Choephora fungorum Grote & Robinson, 1868

References
 Choephora at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuinae


Chorizagrotis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuinae


Chorsia is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1863.

Species
Chorsia albicincta (Hampson, 1898) Khasis
Chorsia albiscripta (Hampson, 1898) Sri Lanka, southern India, Japan, Borneo
Chorsia aroa (Bethune-Baker, 1908) New Guinea, Seram
Chorsia bellissima (Draudt, 1950) Yunnan
Chorsia brewini Holloway, 2005 Borneo
Chorsia carjacobsi Holloway, 2005 Borneo
Chorsia colyeri Holloway, 2005 Borneo
Chorsia costimacula (Oberthür, 1880) Askold, Korea, Japan
Chorsia decolorata (Holloway, 1989) Borneo
Chorsia dinglei Holloway, 2005 Borneo
Chorsia greenleavesi Holloway, 2005 Borneo
Chorsia griffini Holloway, 2005 Borneo
Chorsia hemicyclopis (Hampson, 1926) Thailand, Borneo
Chorsia hemmingi Holloway, 2005 Borneo
Chorsia inordinata (Walker, [1863]) Borneo, India (Meghalaya)
Chorsia japonica (Warren, 1912) Japan
Chorsia kingi Holloway, 2005 Borneo
Chorsia maculosa Walker, [1863] Borneo
Chorsia mollicula (Graeser, [1889]) Amur, Korea, Japan
Chorsia noloides (Butler, 1879) Korea, Japan, Taiwan
Chorsia octosema (Hampson, 1926) Borneo
Chorsia perversa (Walker, 1862) Borneo, Sri Lanka
Chorsia picatum (Butler, 1892) Borneo
Chorsia rectilinea (Ueda, 1987) Taiwan, Korea
Chorsia rogersi Holloway, 2005 Borneo
Chorsia rufitincta (Hampson, 1918) Borneo
Chorsia sugii (Tanaka, 1973) Japan
Chorsia trichocera (Hampson, 1926) Philippines (Luzon)
Chorsia trigona (Hampson, 1891) southern India
Chorsia williamsi Holloway, 2005 Borneo

References

Calpinae


Chortodes is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus is considered a synonym of Photedes, and may be invalid.

Species
 Chortodes dulcis (Oberthür, 1918)
 Chortodes extremus – concolorous (Hübner, [1809])
 Chortodes fluxus – mere wainscot (Hübner, [1809])
 Chortodes morrisii (Dale, 1837)

Until recently placed here
 Denticucullus mabillei (D. Lucas, 1907) (previously Chortodes mabillei)
 Denticucullus pygmina – small wainscot (Haworth, 1809) (previously Chortodes pygmina or Chortodes pygminus)

References

 Chortodes at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Chrychrysia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Plusiinae


Chrysanympha is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Chrysanympha formosa Grote, 1865

References
 Chrysanympha at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Plusiinae


Chrysodeixis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae described by Jacob Hübner in 1821.

Species
 Chrysodeixis acuta (Walker, [1858]) - Tunbridge Wells gem
 Chrysodeixis argentifera (Guenée, 1852) - tobacco looper
 Chrysodeixis celebensis Dufay, 1974
 Chrysodeixis chalcites (Esper, 1789) - tomato looper
 Chrysodeixis chrysopepla Ronkay, 1989
 Chrysodeixis dalei (E. Wollaston, 1879)
 Chrysodeixis diehli Dufay, 1982
 Chrysodeixis dinawa (Bethune-Baker, 1906)
 Chrysodeixis eriosoma (Doubleday, 1843) - green garden looper
 Chrysodeixis goergneri Behounek & Ronkay, 1999
 Chrysodeixis heberachis (Strand, 1920)
 Chrysodeixis illuminata (Robinson, 1968)
 Chrysodeixis imitans Behounek & Ronkay, 1999
 Chrysodeixis includens (Walker, [1858]) - soybean looper
 Chrysodeixis kebea (Bethune-Baker, 1906)
 Chrysodeixis kebeana (Bethune-Baker, 1906)
 Chrysodeixis keili Behounek & Ronkay, 1999
 Chrysodeixis luzonensis (Wileman & West, 1929)
 Chrysodeixis maccoyi Holloway, 1977
 Chrysodeixis minutoides Holloway, 1985
 Chrysodeixis minutus Dufay, 1970
 Chrysodeixis papuasiae Dufay, 1970
 Chrysodeixis permissa (Walker, 1858)
 Chrysodeixis plesiostes Dufay, 1982
 Chrysodeixis politus Dufay, 1970
 Chrysodeixis similaris Behounek & Ronkay, 1999
 Chrysodeixis similis Behounek & Ronkay, 1999
 Chrysodeixis subsidens (Walker, 1858) - Australian cabbage looper
 Chrysodeixis taiwani Dufay, 1974

References

Plusiinae


Chrysoecia is a genus of owlet moths in the family Noctuidae. There are about eight described species in Chrysoecia.

Species
These eight species belong to the genus Chrysoecia:
 Chrysoecia atrolinea (Barnes & McDunnough, 1912)
 Chrysoecia dela
 Chrysoecia gladiola (Barnes, 1907)
 Chrysoecia morga
 Chrysoecia requies Dyar, 1909
 Chrysoecia salacon
 Chrysoecia scira (Druce, 1889)
 Chrysoecia thoracica (H. Edwards, 1884)

References

 Chrysoecia at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Amphipyrinae


Chrysograpta is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae erected by George Hampson in 1926. Its only species, Chrysograpta igneola, was first described by Charles Swinhoe in 1890. It is found in Myanmar.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


Chrysonicara is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae