The Crossbows Act 1987 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which is still in force. The Act, as amended, controls the possession of crossbows by people under the age of eighteen throughout the whole of the United Kingdom. It gained royal assent on 15 May 1987, and came into force two months later.

Provisions of the Act

Section 1 of the Act made it an offence to knowingly sell or hire a crossbow (or part of a crossbow) to a person under the age of seventeen; section 2 created the converse offence of buying or hiring a crossbow whilst underage.

Section 3 made it an offence for someone under the age of seventeen to possess a functioning crossbow, or of sufficient parts to make a functioning crossbow, unless under the supervision of an adult. Section 4 gave a police constable the power to search someone or their vehicle, if they suspected an offence was being committed under section 3; to detain someone for the purpose of this search; and to confiscate any crossbow or part of a crossbow which was found.

A person guilty of an offence under section 1 was liable for up to six months imprisonment or a fine up to level five on the standard scale; a person guilty of an offence under sections 2 or 3 was liable for a fine of up to level three on the standard scale. On conviction, the court could order any crossbow or components involved to be forfeited or destroyed.

The Act explicitly does not apply to crossbows with a draw weight of less than .

Amendments

Section 44 of the Violent Crime Reduction Act 2006 amended the Act, raising the minimum age for possession from seventeen to eighteen; in Scotland, the same change was implemented by Section 62 of the Custodial Sentences and Weapons (Scotland) Act 2007.

References

United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1987
Firearm laws


Unified Tag Team Championship may refer to any of the following professional wrestling tag team championships:

Unified Tag Team Championship, the top tag team championships currently defended in All Pro Wrestling and Vendetta Pro Wrestling
Unified World Tag Team Championship (AJPW), the top tag team championship that is currently defended in All Japan Pro Wrestling
Unified WWE Tag Team Championship, the top tag team championship that was defended in World Wrestling Entertainment, now known as the WWE Raw Tag Team Championship


Éliette Abécassis (born 27 January 1969) is a French writer of Moroccan-Jewish descent. She is a professor of philosophy at the University of Caen Normandy.

Biography
Éliette Abécassis was born in Strasbourg into a practicing Moroccan Orthodox Jewish family. Her childhood is permeated by the daily life of the Strasbourg Jewish community. His father, Armand Abécassis, teaches philosophy and is a renowned thinker of Judaism whose thought permeated the Talmudic interpretation of Strasbourg. He notably played a considerable role in the creation and teaching of the Aquiba school in Strasbourg. Her mother, Janine, is a professor and specialist in child and developmental psychology. In several autobiographical novels, Éliette Abécassis declares to have been very influenced by the Sephardic religious environment and education, but to have also sometimes been suffocated by it and tried to emancipate itself from it on numerous occasions, especially during her youth. She declares her attachment to French universalism.

After the baccalaureate, she left Strasbourg at 17 to go to Paris to study in preparatory literary classes, at the Lycée Henri-IV. She then joined the École normale supérieure in rue d'Ulm, where she obtained the agrégation in philosophy, and then taught philosophy at the University of Caen. "I wasn't much older than my students. They were very good, all passionate about philosophy, which, however, does not lead to anything other than itself."

At 23, she went to the United States for a year at Harvard University, in the city of Cambridge, Massachusetts, on a scholarship. She then wrote her first novel, Qumran, a metaphysical detective story that deals with mysterious murders linked to the disappearance of the recently discovered Dead Sea scrolls.

For her first novel Qumran, Éliette Abécassis is not satisfied with her prior knowledge of the Hebrew world, she pushes her research as far as Israel, Jerusalem, Qumran and also went to the United States in several libraries, archives and places of contemporary Jewish culture in order to obtain as much information as possible. Her research lasted three years and they paid off: Qumran was released in 1996 and immediately achieved immense success; the book being translated into eighteen languages. The main publishing houses had however refused the manuscript, until Ramsay editions accepted it.

In 1997, she began to teach philosophy in Caen and published L'Or et la Cendre, the mysterious story of the murder of a Berlin theologian, still with Ramsay editions. In 1998, she wrote an essay on Evil and the philosophical origin of homicide: Little Metaphysics of Murder at the Presses Universitaires de France.

In September 2000, she published with Albin Michel La Répudiée. For this novel she received the Prize of Believing Writers 2001. This novel is inspired by the screenplay she wrote for the film Kadosh by Israeli director Amos Gitai. In 2001, Le Trésor du temple recounts Qumran's follow in the footsteps of the Templars: Ary Cohen and Jane Rogers meet to investigate the secret of the Jerusalem temple. Qumran's trilogy borrows the form of the adventure and suspense novel but conceals in the plots a real erudition and a real metaphysical ambition. The same year, she directed the short film La Nuit de noces, the screenplay of which was co-written with Gérard Brach.

In 2002, her novel Mon père is published, which tells of the questioning of an idyllic father-daughter relationship, while Qumran is adapted into a comic book by Gémine and Makyo. In 2003, her novel Clandestin tells the story of an impossible love. It is part of the selection of twelve books for the Prix Goncourt.

In 2004, the last part of Qumran, The Last Tribe, appeared. In 2005, with her novel Un heureux événement, Éliette Abécassis tackles the theme of motherhood. She also directed the documentary-fiction Tel Aviv la vie, with Tiffany Tavernier.

In 2009, she published the novel Sépharade, whose heroine in her existential quest immersed herself in the world of the Sephardic Jews of Morocco. In 2011, she published Et te voici permise à tout homme where she talks about the difficulties of obtaining a religious divorce.

In 2013, she publishes Le Palimpseste d'Archimède.

In 2014, she published Un secret du docteur Freud, written with the help of her mother, a psychoanalyst. In 2015, Alyah appeared, a sort of testimony from a Jewish woman after the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks. Le maître du Talmud, published in 2018, is a new historical-religious thriller, the plot of which is set in the kingdom of France in the thirteenth century, marked by the emergence of the Inquisition and religious fanaticism.

Éliette Abécassis is divorced and the mother of two children.

Women's right
Eliette Abécassis is involved in associations fighting for the rights and freedoms of women, including the association SOS les Mamans. Alongside the lawyer Marie-Anne Frison-Roche and the philosopher Sylviane Agacinski, she campaigned vigorously against surrogacy, which she likened to a practice of commodification of the body of women and reification of the child.

Works

Books
 Qumran (1996)
 L'Or et la cendre (1997)
 Petite Métaphysique du meurtre (1998)
 La Répudiée (2000)
 Le Trésor du temple (2001)
 Mon père (2002)
 Clandestin (2003)
 La Dernière Tribu (2004)
 Un heureux événement (2005)
 Le Corset invisible (2007)
 Mère et fille, un roman (2008)
 Sépharade (2009)
 Le Messager (2009) (with Mark Crick)
 Et te voici permise à tout homme (2011)
 Le palimpseste d'archimède (2013)
 Un secret du docteur Freud (2014)
 Alyah (2015)

 Le Maître du Talmud (2018)
 L'Envie d'y croire: journal d'''une époque sans foi (2019)
 Nos rendez-vous (2020)

 Participations

 Lettres à Dieu, Calmann-Lévy (2004)

 La Rencontre, collection of short stories, Éditions Prisma, (2010). Alongside Marek Halter, Camilla Läckberg, Didier van Cauwelaert, Claudie Gallay and Agnès Desarthe.

 Enfances, adolescences, Librio (2015).

 Books on feminism
Éliette Abécassis has written books and articles on the status of women, which she defends in several associations, such as Le Corset invisible in 2007, with Caroline Bongrand."The corset, with the advent of feminism, has disappeared from our wardrobes. Today our belly and our movements are free, and we can breathe. But our body and our mind are locked, compressed, atrophied in a corset more insidious than that of previous centuries, because it cannot be seen. [...] Today's female body is actually controlled by task exhaustion, diets and new beauty standards. Her mind, supposedly free from male domination, is in the grip of society as a whole, which seems to be conspiring against her."In 2018, she published Bébés à vendre at Robert Laffont, a review of surrogacy, in which she denounced the commodification of women's bodies.

 Children's literature
Éliette Abécassis has also published a series of children's books: T'es plus ma maman, Je ne veux pas dormir, Il a tout et moi j'ai rien, Astalik fait ses courses et Je ne veux pas aller à l'école.

She, with her daughter, told and sang a children's story, Lulu veut être chanteuse (Lulu wants to be a singer) published in a digital book on the Whisperies platform.

 Filmography

 Directed

 2001: La nuit de noce, twelve minutes short film with Samuel Le Bihan and Isild Le Besco.

 2007: Tel Aviv la vie, directed with Tiffany Tavernier.

 Scriptwriter

 1999 : Kadosh, by Amos Gitaï.

 Cinematographic adaptation of her work

 2011 : Un heureux événement, by Rémi Bezançon.

 Music
Éliette Abécassis is a lyricist, notably for the French rock group Debout sur le zinc. She also wrote the song La chanson Sépharade'' for Enrico Macias.

Titles
2001: Prix Écritures & Spiritualités for the novel La Répudiée (2000).

2010: Alberto Benveniste Prize for the novel Sépharade (2010).

References

External links

1969 births
Living people
Writers from Strasbourg
French people of Moroccan-Jewish descent
21st-century French Sephardi Jews
20th-century French Sephardi Jews
Jewish women writers
20th-century French non-fiction writers
21st-century French non-fiction writers
20th-century French women writers
21st-century French women writers
French women academics
Lycée Henri-IV alumni
École Normale Supérieure alumni


RR Enriquez (born Romyreen Enriquez on October 19, 1983) is a Filipino model, dancer and television personality. She first became known as one of the dancers on the variety and game show Wowowee. She later became one of its hosts alongside Mariel Rodriguez, Valerie Concepcion and Pokwang. She currently stars on the Filipino comedy show Banana Split on ABS-CBN, together with Angelica Panganiban, Pokwang and others.

Modelling
She is featured on the covers of the June 2009 Filipino editions of FHM.

Filmography

Film
Dyagwar: Havey o Waley (2011)
Raketeros (2013)
Status: It's Complicated (2013) as Yvonne

References

1983 births
Participants in Philippine reality television series
Living people
Star Magic
Filipino female models
The Amazing Race contestants


Out on Blue Six may refer to:

 Out on Blue Six (show), BBC Radio One show
 Out on Blue Six (novel), written by Ian McDonald


Kristinia Jamie DeBarge (; born March 8, 1990) is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actress. DeBarge first appeared on national television in 2003 as a contestant on the American Idol spin-off, American Juniors. In 2009, DeBarge signed a contract with the Island Records department Sodapop, releasing her debut album, Exposed, in July of the same year.

Life and career

Family and early life
Born in 1990, DeBarge is the daughter of James DeBarge. DeBarge began singing when she was 3 years old, but did not begin to take it seriously until she was 12. When she was 12, her father took her into a recording studio where they worked until 4 A.M. recording a duet titled "How I Feel Inside", which made her father realize that she was serious about beginning a singing career.

During Summer 2003 she was a contestant on the American Idol spin-off, American Juniors. DeBarge progressed to the semi-final round of 20 contestants. She was featured in the first group of ten semi-finalists and sang the song "Reflection" from the Disney film Mulan. However, she was not one of the five to progress from that group into the final ten.

DeBarge is of mixed race. Her father is of African American, English and French Canadian descent. Her mother is of Mexican, Irish, Scottish, English, Norwegian, Spanish and French descent.
DeBarge's ancestors on her mother's side include, 6th great-grandfather
Robert Sevier and 6th great-granduncle  John Sevier (first member of the Watauga Association/founding father of Tennessee), and first cousin twice removed Elías Nandino, a Mexican poet and confidant of Frida Kahlo. Among her mother's distant relatives are King Robert I of France and Lady Margaret Erskine.

2009: Exposed

At 14, DeBarge was introduced to Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds.  She worked with him for five years and, two days before her nineteenth birthday, signed to a new division of Island Def Jam Records founded by Edmonds and Jeff Burroughs called Sodapop Records. DeBarge's first single "Goodbye" off her debut album Exposed was released in April 2009. "Goodbye" met with commercial success in the United States, the single debuted at number 75 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart, and later reached a peak of number 15 on the chart. The single was also a success in Canada, where it reached a peak of number 15 on the Canadian Hot 100. Exposed, was released on July 28, 2009. Exposed received generally positive reviews from music critics, based on an aggregate score of 69/100 from Metacritic. In the United States, the album debuted at number 23 on the Billboard 200. DeBarge also opened up for pop singer Britney Spears, during Spears' 2009 world tour, The Circus Starring: Britney Spears.

2009–13: After Exposed and new album Young & Restless

In November 2009, The Wet Seal, Inc., a leading specialty retailer to young women, announced a partnership with DeBarge which included a collection of fashion pieces selected by DeBarge. In January 2010, DeBarge received an NAACP Image Award nomination for "Outstanding New Artist". DeBarge made an appearance in School Gyrls, which premiered on Nickelodeon in March 2010. In September 2012, DeBarge released her single "Cry Wolf" from her exclusive Japan album Young & Restless. In October 2012, the "Cry Wolf" music video was premiered on her VEVO artist page.  On November 9, 2012, DeBarge made her acting debut in "Christmas in Compton" starring Keith David, Omar Gooding, Sheryl Lee Ralph and Eric Roberts.

On April 3, 2013, DeBarge released another single ("Ignite") from Young & Restless exclusively to Japan through Manhattan Records. The song peaked at number six one day after its release on the Japanese iTunes R&B Chart. On May 29, 2013, DeBarge released another single from the album, "Higher".

2014: Third studio album and School Dance
DeBarge was featured on Redrama's new single and music video "Let Go" on January 17, 2014. DeBarge and Redrama performed on live television for Finland's finals of the Eurovision Song Contest 2014 at the Barona Areena in Espoo on February 1, 2014. The single was a success in Finland, where it reached No. 1 on NRJ's Top 10 list on February 4, 2014, and No. 1 on Spotify on February 7, 2014.  The single reached a peak of No. 3 on the Finnish Single Charts. On February 25, 2014, the single reached a peak of No. 1 on the Finnish Airplay Charts.

DeBarge started working on her third studio album in March 2014 with Adonis Shropshire. DeBarge's second acting role came on July 2, 2014, in Nick Cannon's directorial debut School Dance where she plays the lead female role, Anastacia. The film has an ensemble cast of Bobb'e J. Thompson, Mike Epps, Luenell, Katt Williams, George Lopez, and The Rangers.

2015: New Music Mondays and Growing Up Hip Hop

On January 5, 2015, DeBarge and Adonis Shropshire started exclusively releasing new music to YouTube. She entitled the project "New Music Mondays". On July 8, 2015, WE tv announced it would mine the stories of real-life rap industry families on "Growing Up Hip Hop". Set to air January 7, 2016, the six-episode reality series stars DeBarge, Angela Simmons, Damon "Boogie" Dash, Romeo Miller, Egypt Criss, and TJ Mizell and some of their famous parents appeared on the show. DeBarge announced in an interview in September 2015 that she would be releasing a new studio album around the premiere of Growing Up Hip Hop.

2016 - Present: New Music
DeBarge released two EPs and a single in 2016: Thinkin Out Loud, Peaceful Understanding and "Crystal Ball". In 2017, she partnered with Priority/Capitol Records and released the single "Pink Love". On July 31, 2018, she independently released the single "Hangover".  On December 22, 2018, she independently released the single "Alright". In 2019, she released two singles "Breathe" and "Back in the Day" and on April 21, 2020, she released her single "Carousel". On June 11, 2021, she released a new song "Bet" featuring Eric Bellinger.

2018: Krissy D Cosmetics
On September 30, 2018, DeBarge announced the formation of her new cosmetics company, Krissy D Cosmetics. The online company launched on November 23, 2018, with the “Amethyst Collection” (a 17 piece vegan brush set), the “Aplysina Blender” (a makeup sponge) and the “3D Inlashuation Mascara” (a waterproof and smudge free mascara that sold out within minutes). On February 12, 2019, the company released the "World Tour" eyeshadow palette.

Tours

Opening act
• The Circus Starring Britney Spears (2009)

Discography

Studio albums

EPs

Singles

As featured artist

Music videos

Filmography

Film

Television

Awards and nominations

Notes

References

External links
 Official website
 Official SoundCloud
 Kristinia Debarge at YouTube

1990 births
Living people
21st-century American actresses
21st-century American women singers
African-American actresses
African-American women singers
American contemporary R&B singers
American film actresses
American child singers
American women pop singers
American musicians of Mexican descent
DeBarge family
Island Records artists
Actresses from Pasadena, California
American people of English descent
American people of Irish descent
Musicians from Pasadena, California
Singers from California
Participants in American reality television series
21st-century American singers


(IMAF) is the oldest continuously operating Japanese organization promoting international Budō. The organization, founded in 1952, has headquarters in Tokyo, Japan and is a member of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.

IMAF has branches in 17 countries.

IMAF organizes world Budo galas, congresses, international training, maintains historical records on Budo and issues the magazine, named Gendo Newsletter.

Purposes
The International Martial Arts Federation (IMAF) is dedicated to the promotion and development of martial arts worldwide.

Among other objectives of IMAF are the expansion of interest in Japanese martial arts, the establishment of communication, friendship, understanding and harmony among member chapters, the development of the minds and bodies of members, and the promotion of global understanding and personal growth.

History
The International Martial Arts Federation (IMAF) was founded in 1952 by a group of some of Japan's most prominent martial arts practitioners, including:
Kyuzo Mifune, Hanshi, Meijin Judo
Kazuo Ito, Hanshi, Meijin Judo
Takasue Ito, Hanshi, Meijin Judo
Shizuya Sato, Hanshi Nihon Jujutsu and Hanshi Judo
Nakayama Hakudo, Meijin Kendo
Hiromasa Takano, Meijin Kendo
Hironori Otsuka, Meijin Karatedo
Gogen Yamaguchi, Hanshi Karatedo
Hirokazu Kanazawa, Hanshi Karatedo
Kazuo Sakai, Hanshi Karatedo
Katsuo Yamaguchi, Meijin Iaido
Taizaburo Nakamura, Hanshi Iaido
Kisshomaru Ueshiba, Aikikai Aikido, and son of the founder of Aikido,
Morihei Ueshiba was also a founding member of IMAF.

The first President (chairman) was Prince Kaya Tsunenori (uncle of Emperor Hirohito, former lieutenant general in the Imperial Army) from 1952 to 1965, and was followed Prince Higashikuni (the first post World War II Prime Minister, the only member of the Japanese Imperial Family to have held this post). IMAF, then known as the National Japan Health Association sponsored the first, large-scale, public, post World War II martial arts demonstration in Japan in Hibiya Park in downtown Tokyo in February 1952. In 1973, Sueo Kiyoura was appointed the Third President of IMAF. He was a well-known and influential businessman and son of Keigo Kiyoura the 13th prime minister of Japan. In 1983, Gunzo Fukuhara was appointed the fourth President of IMAF and was a former Cabinet Minister of Japan. In 1986, Shinsaku Hogen was appointed as the 5th President of IMAF. He served as the Japanese Ambassador to India and Deputy Foreign Minister.

The current president of Kokusai Budoin, International Martial Arts Federation (IMAF) is Yasuhisa Tokugawa, the great-grandson of the 15th and final shōgun of Japan, Tokugawa Yoshinobu (1837–1913). He was also the Chief Priest for the Yasukuni Shrine in Tokyo from 2013 to 2018.

Ranking System
The International Martial Arts Federation (IMAF) use the shōgō system where the levels are , , and . The most venerated level is hanshi.

Divisions
The International Martial Arts Federation (IMAF) has seven divisions and licensed instructors in following divisions:

 Aikido
 Iaidō
 Judo
 Jujutsu
 Karatedo
 Kendo
 Kobudo

There was a schism in IMAF Europe which led to a separate non-affiliated group with a similar name being formed in 1983 by Minoru Mochizuki,. The issue was raised to the Japanese courts which in 1987, ruled against Mochizuki and separation---IMAF Europe is not affiliated with Japan. In England there was a further divided in IMAF UK in 2005 which led to the formation of two affiliated bodies, UK IMAF  and IMAF GB which changed its name to the United Kingdom Budo Federation.

Aikido Division
The Aikido Division was founded in 1954. The position of Aikido Division has been held by the world's foremost aikido authorities. Kisshomaru Ueshiba, son of the founder of aikido Morihei Ueshiba, and late director of the Aikikai Hombu. He was succeeded by Kenji Tomiki (founder of Shodokan Aikido), Minoru Mochizuki (10th dan Aikido), and Gozo Shioda (10th dan Aikido, founder of Yoshinkan Aikido). The current Division heads are Takeji Tomita and Shinji Tsutsui.

Kendo Division
The International Martial Arts Federation (IMAF) defines Kendo as 'the way of the sword', it is a modern martial art based on ancient Kenjutsu (the art of swordsmanship).

Representatives from the kendo division teaches and holds international exhibitions in kendo. Furthermore, highranking Japanese masters holds international seminars in kendo.

IMAF members demonstrated Nihon Kendo Kata at Kameido Katori Jinja on April 29, 2009. Originally, Nihon Kendo Kata was called Dai Nippon Teikoku Kendo Kata created in 1912 but was revised in 1912, 1917, 1933 and 1981. In 1933 the Dai Nippon Teikoku Kendo Kata was changed to the name 'Nihon Kendo Kata' and the last revision in 1981 was made by the All Japan Kendo Federation. A YouTube clip exists showing IMAF members demonstrating Nihon Kendo Kata.

Iaido Division
The Iaido Division has been led by some of the greatest iaido figures, including Tsugiyoshi Ota, Meijin Iaido 10-dan, Katsuo Yamaguchi, Meijin Iaido 10-dan, Tadao Ochiai, Hanshi Iaido 10-dan, and Kenji Tose, Hanshi Iaido 10-dan. The Current division head is Kunikazu Yahagi Sensei.

Karatedo Division

Some of the leading members of IMAF Karatedo division have been *Hironori Otsuka, Meijin Karatedo *Gogen Yamaguchi, Hanshi Karatedo and *Kazuo Sakai, Hanshi Karatedo. Most recently *Hirokazu Kanazawa, Hanshi Karatedo was on the IMAF board of directors. The Current Division heads are Tadanori Nobetsu Sensei, Goju Karate and Ikuo Higuchi Sensei, Shotokan Karate.

References

External links

Martial arts organizations
Sports organizations of Japan
Sports organizations established in 1952
1952 establishments in Japan
Organizations based in Tokyo


Moero or Myro () was a woman poet of the Hellenistic period from the city of Byzantium. She was the wife of Andromachus Philologus and the mother – the Suda says daughter, but this is less likely – of the tragedian Homerus of Byzantium.  Moero was probably active during the late fourth and early third centuries BC.

Little of Moero's poetry has survived.  Ten lines from her epic poem Mnemosyne are quoted by Athenaeus, and though Meleager mentions "many" epigrams by Moero in the introductory poem to his Garland, only two four-line poems remain in the Greek Anthology.  She also wrote a poem called Arai ("Curses").  This is known only through a scholion on Parthenius of Nicaea's Erotica Pathemata, which notes that the myth of Alcinoe is told in it.  Finally, Eustathios mentions that she wrote a hymn to Poseidon.

The surviving fragment of Moero's Mnemonsyne tells the story of Zeus' childhood on Crete, where he had been hidden by his mother Rhea to save him from being killed by his father Cronus.  Like the surviving fragment of Corinna's poem on the contest between Cithaeron and Helicon (PMG 654 col. i), it retells an episode of Zeus' early life to emphasise the role of women.  One of Moero's surviving epigrams is addressed to a bunch of grapes; the other asks some dryads to protect a man who has carved a statuette for them.  Judging by her surviving poetry, Moero's work explored motherhood, women's responsibilities to their families, and female sexual desire.

Moero seems to have had a high reputation as a poet in antiquity.  Antipater of Thessalonica includes her in his list of famous women poets, and Meleager's proem to his Garland refers to her as a "lily", putting her alongside Sappho and Anyte.  According to Tatian, Cephisodotus, the son of Praxiteles, sculpted her. Two epigrams which refer to Moero, composed by Anyte and Marcus Argentarius, survive in the Greek Anthology, and may be a reworking of a now-lost poem by Moero.  In the twentieth century, Moero was referenced by the imagist poet H. D. in her poem "Nossis" and novel Palimpsest, and was included in Judy Chicago's Heritage Floor.

References

Works cited

3rd-century BC women writers
3rd-century BC Greek writers
3rd-century BC Greek poets
Ancient Byzantines
Epigrammatists of the Greek Anthology
Ancient Greek epic poets
Ancient Greek elegiac poets
Ancient Greek lyric poets
Ancient Greek women poets
3rd-century BC Greek women


Geoffrey Perret is an English author who writes about American history. His work focuses primarily upon the political dynamics that influence strategic and tactical military decisions, as well as broader political themes. He has published over thirteen books dealing with a variety of topics such as the US Presidency, including several biographies of iconic Presidents such as John F. Kennedy and Ulysses S. Grant; leading American military commanders such as Douglas MacArthur; and pivotal American military engagements. He also has had one novel, "Executive Privilege" published.

His earlier works use the spelling "Perrett" for his last name.

Education
After serving in the US Army for three years, Perret studied at Long Beach City College and then obtained his undergraduate degree summa cum laude from the University of Southern California in 1967. He was also elected to Phi Beta Kappa. He obtained his postgraduate degree from Harvard University in 1969 and then studied law at the University of California at Berkeley.

Selected publications

References

External links
 Geoffrey Perret Author biography from Random House
 "Campaigning for History" Archived New York Times articles related to the 2008 U.S. Presidential Election
 Publishers Weekly reviews of books by Perret

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
American expatriates in the United Kingdom
Harvard University alumni
American male writers
University of Southern California alumni
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Military personnel from Kingston upon Hull
United States Army soldiers
20th-century United States Army personnel


"Goodbye" is the first single released by the American recording artist Kristinia DeBarge from her first studio album Exposed. It was released digitally in the United States on April 7, 2009, to US radio on April 28, 2009, and in the UK on August 10, 2009. The song contains a sample of Steam's "Na Na Hey Hey Kiss Him Goodbye". An uptempop dance pop track, the lyrics of the song deal with DeBarge getting over her ex-boyfriend. A music video was released to promote the song, which features DeBarge and her friends stealing her ex-boyfriend's car and driving to various locations, including a house party. Throughout the video, DeBarge is seen flirting with several men in an attempt to get back at her ex-boyfriend.

Despite the mixed critical reception, it achieved some commercial success, peaking in the top forty in Sweden and the top twenty in Canada and the United States, but it fared better as a dance single, peaking at number three on Billboard's Hot Dance Club Songs chart. Despite the minimal chart performance of the single, it has become her biggest hit to date, as well as her only single to chart on the Billboard Hot 100 in the US.

"Goodbye" was one of the first songs that was recorded for the album. During an interview with TheStarScoop, DeBarge said of the first time she heard the song on the radio,

"I was screaming up and down. I was actually at home and listening to New York Radio Online. I had called all my friends, telling them to listen. My mom video taped me. It was really surreal for me. Every time I hear my song on the radio, I just take it in and [it's] so cool. It’s me!"

Reception

Critical reception
"Goodbye" is generally considered a pop-dance track. J!-ENT described the song as "an upbeat, addictive track utilizing the classic 1969 Steam track “Na Na Hey Hey Kiss Him Goodbye”. A wonderful debut single for Kristinia." People magazine praised the song and compared it to recent releases by Rihanna, stating "First single 'Goodbye', an undeniable dance-pop confection, recalls Rihanna's 'S.O.S. (Rescue Me)', reworking Steam's 1969 hit 'Na Na Hey Hey Kiss Him Goodbye' much like 'S.O.S. (Rescue Me)' did 'Tainted Love'." Meanwhile, upon the song's UK release, noted R&B writer Pete Lewis of the 'Blues & Soul' referred to it as "a punchy, upbeat single whose hook prominently samples the familiar hook from Steam's 1969 American Number One 'Na Na Hey Hey Kiss Him Godbye'". Nick Levine of Digital Spy said, "Like a low calorie chocolate bar, 'Goodbye' is sweet enough in the moment, but it doesn't have enough substance to leave you feeling really satisfied."

Glenn Gamboa of Newsday said that "DeBarge comes across as a streetwise Jordin Sparks on the "stomping smash". People called the song "an undeniable dance-pop confection". Time said that the song is "so enjoyably trashy, it's a wonder no one thought of it before."

"Goodbye" received generally mixed reviews from critics. Commonsensemedia praised the song, stating "It's quite a feat to breathe new life into a song that has taken on such a life of its own. But DeBarge is able to make this song uniquely her own and put a funky dance twist on a classic. This young singer appears to have inherited the family talent for mass-appeal music with an easygoing style." Digital Spy said of the single, "Honestly, you wait years for someone to sample the hook from 'Na Na Hey Hey Kiss Him Goodbye', and then everyone does it at once! It backs Wale and Lady GaGa on 'Chillin', Jay-Z uses it to shoo off pop's most controversial vocal effect on 'D.O.A. (Death of Auto-Tune)', and here's US newbie Kristinia DeBarge swallowing it whole on her debut single. Blame it on the over-familiarity of the sample, or maybe the fact that DeBarge nicks a trick from Rihanna's 'SOS (Rescue Me)' here, but the result isn't quite the pop smash it could be. The crux of the issue? Like a low calorie chocolate bar, 'Goodbye' is sweet enough in the moment, but it doesn't have enough substance to leave you feeling really satisfied."

HeavenlyReviews praised the song as well, stating ""Goodbye", this song is one of those strong anthem breakup songs that the rhythm just kinds gets stuck in your head and for the next seven days you will be singing this song, humming this song, and thinking about this song." Bisaidso were very critical of DeBarge, commenting "Damn, we can't go five years without a new DeBarge trying to break into the music biz, can we? Her debut album (written and produced by Babyface) should out this summer. Let’s hope young Kristinia doesn't end up with a rap sheet like some of her family members."

Commercial performance
Goodbye was met with commercial success in the US as well as in the international music market. In the United States, the single debuted at number 75 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart, and later reached a peak of number 15 on the chart.  The song was also a hit on the Dance Music charts in the US, where it reached a peak of 3 on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play singles chart. Goodbye later went on to peak at number 90 on the Hot 100 Year End Chart. Outside of the US, the single performed moderately well. In Australia, the single failed to impact the main singles chart. However, it did reach a height of 16 on the Hitseekers chart, as well as number 41 on the Australian Airplay singles chart. In Sweden, the single rose to a peak of 26 on the official singles chart. The single was also a success in Canada, where it reached a peak of number 15 on the Canadian Hot 100. The song also charted in Brazil's dance chart and peaked at #13.

Live performances
DeBarge chose to promote the album mainly through live performances. She appeared on So You Think You Can Dance and Live With Regis and Kelly to perform "Goodbye". The same single was also performed live on the Wendy Williams Show. During both performances, DeBarge was accompanied by several female back-up dancers. DeBarge also began performing live in several stores and at city fairs, performing songs such as "Speak Up" and "Future Love". At several of these shows, the ballads from the album were performed acoustically, with DeBarge singing along with one man playing a guitar behind her. DeBarge also performed several songs from the album at Jingle Ball 2009. During the performances, DeBarge had male back-up dancers in the background.

Aside from network appearances, DeBarge also opened up for pop singer Britney Spears, during her 2009 world tour, The Circus Starring: Britney Spears. Before starting the tour, DeBarge stated "Joining Britney Spears for her Circus tour will be an amazing and surreal experience for me," she said in a statement posted on Spears' site. "I have been dreaming of an opportunity like this forever, and can't wait." During the shows (DeBarge opened up for all of the North American shows) DeBarge performed "Goodbye", along with "Sabotage" and "Future Love".

Music video
A music video, directed by Ray Kay, was released to promote the song. It starts with DeBarge and her friends watching her ex-boyfriend park his car, which they then steal after he leaves it. DeBarge then flirts with several other men, including those she meets while at a restaurant and bicycling on a sidewalk, and enters their numbers into her cell phone. She is then seen at a house party, dancing around with party-goers. At the end of the video, her ex-boyfriend attends the party. When she sees him, she gives him the peace sign with her fingers and leaves.

During an interview with Seventeen magazine, DeBarge said of the video,"It's young, fun, and sexy. It starts off with me and my girlfriends just being mischievous. We're checking out whether my ex-boyfriend is home, because we're about to steal his car. The car in the video is a 1996 convertible Mustang, and it's red! I had to get a classic in there, since a new car is just what you'd expect. I worked out really hard to be in good shape for the video, too. My best friend is in the passenger seat with me, and everyone at the house are my friends. It gives the video more energy."

The video was met with generally positive reviews. NeonLimeLight said of the video, "Everybody wants a nice fling for the summer, but when you can't have love, what's better than a little revenge? Hot newcomer Kristinia DeBarge knows all about that. In the video for her smokin’ hot debut single, “Goodbye,” Kristinia gets her ex where it hurts the most by stealing his car with a few friends to ride around town and scope out potential replacements. She caps off her day of sun and fun by throwing a packed house party. “Single girl swag” is what she calls it. So check the video for what's sure to become the anthem of the summer for the single ladies!"

Track listing
Remixes released July 7, 2009
 Goodbye [DJ PAULO Club Mix]
 Goodbye [Mike Rizzo Funk Generation Dub (Vinyl Edit)]
 Goodbye [Hott 22 Dub (Vinyl Edit)]

US Promo Remixes
 Goodbye (Album Version) 3:29
 Goodbye (Mike Rizzo Funk Generation Radio Edit) 2:58
 Goodbye (Hott 22 Radio Edit) 3:26
 Goodbye (DJ PAULO Radio Edit) 4:20
 Goodbye (Mike Rizzo Funk Generation Club) 6:41
 Goodbye (Hott 22 Club) 6:48
 Goodbye (DJ PAULO Club Mix) 7:56
 Goodbye (Mike Rizzo Funk Generation Dub) 6:08
 Goodbye (Hott 22 Dub) 6:48
 Goodbye (DJ PAULO DUB) 7:33

UK Promo CD
 Goodbye (Album Version) 3:29
 Goodbye (Instrumental) 3:35

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

Release history

References

External links
The official website of Kristinia DeBarge

2008 songs
2009 debut singles
Kristinia DeBarge songs
Music videos directed by Ray Kay
Songs written by Adonis Shropshire
Songs written by Paul Leka
Song recordings produced by Babyface (musician)
Songs written by Antonio Dixon (songwriter)
Songs written by Eric Dawkins
Songs written by Damon Thomas (record producer)
Island Records singles


Markin Family Student Recreation Center is a multi-purpose student recreational facility constructed in 2008 at Bradley University in Peoria, Illinois.

After the demolition of Robertson Memorial Field House, the Markin Center's intramural championship gym served as the temporary home for the Bradley University women's volleyball program while construction continued on Renaissance Coliseum, a 4,200 seat on-campus arena that will serves as home to both women's basketball and volleyball.

References

External links
Stadium information
Article on arena

Basketball venues in Illinois
College basketball venues in the United States
Indoor arenas in Illinois
Bradley University
Sports venues in Peoria, Illinois
University and college student recreation centers in the United States
Volleyball venues in Illinois
Sports venues completed in 2008
2008 establishments in Illinois


In computer science, lexicographic breadth-first search or Lex-BFS is a linear time algorithm for ordering the vertices of a graph. The algorithm is different from a breadth-first search, but it produces an ordering that is consistent with breadth-first search.

The lexicographic breadth-first search algorithm is based on the idea of partition refinement and was first developed by . A more detailed survey of the topic is presented by .
It has been used as a subroutine in other graph algorithms including the recognition of chordal graphs, and optimal coloring of distance-hereditary graphs.

Background
The breadth-first search algorithm is commonly defined by the following process:
Initialize a queue of graph vertices, with the starting vertex of the graph as the queue's only element.
While the queue is non-empty, remove (dequeue) a vertex  from the queue, and add to the queue (enqueue) all the other vertices that can be reached by an edge from  that have not already been added in earlier steps.
However, rather than defining the vertex to choose at each step in an imperative way as the one produced by the dequeue operation of a queue, one can define the same sequence of vertices declaratively by the properties of these vertices. That is, a standard breadth-first search is just the result of repeatedly applying this rule:
Repeatedly output a vertex , choosing at each step a vertex  that has not already been chosen and that has a predecessor (a vertex that has an edge to ) as early in the output as possible.
In some cases, this ordering of vertices by the output positions of their predecessors may have ties — two different vertices have the same earliest predecessor. In this case, the order in which those two vertices are chosen may be arbitrary. The output of lexicographic breadth-first search differs from a standard breadth-first search in having a consistent rule for breaking such ties. In lexicographic breadth-first search, the output ordering is the order that would be produced by the rule:
Repeatedly output a vertex , choosing at each step a vertex  that has not already been chosen and whose entire set of already-output predecessors is as small as possible in lexicographic order.
So, when two vertices  and  have the same earliest predecessor, earlier than any other unchosen vertices,
the standard breadth-first search algorithm will order them arbitrarily. Instead, in this case, the LexBFS algorithm would choose between  and  by the output ordering of their second-earliest predecessors.
If only one of them has a second-earliest predecessor that has already been output, that one is chosen.
If both  and  have the same second-earliest predecessor, then the tie is broken by considering their third-earliest predecessors, and so on.

Applying this rule directly by comparing vertices according to this rule would lead to an inefficient algorithm. Instead, the lexicographic breadth-first search uses a set partitioning data structure in order to produce the same ordering more efficiently, just as a standard breadth-first search uses a queue data structure to produce its ordering efficiently.

Algorithm
The lexicographic breadth-first search algorithm replaces the queue of vertices of a standard breadth-first search with an ordered sequence of sets of vertices. The sets in the sequence form a partition of the remaining vertices. At each step, a vertex v from the first set in the sequence is removed from that set, and if that removal causes the set to become empty then the set is removed from the sequence. Then, each set in the sequence is replaced by two subsets: the neighbors of v and the non-neighbors of v. The subset of neighbors is placed earlier in the sequence than the subset of non-neighbors. In pseudocode, the algorithm can be expressed as follows:

Initialize a sequence Σ of sets, to contain a single set containing all vertices.
Initialize the output sequence of vertices to be empty.
While Σ is non-empty:
Find and remove a vertex v from the first set in Σ
If the first set in Σ is now empty, remove it from Σ
Add v to the end of the output sequence.
For each edge v-w such that w still belongs to a set S in Σ:
If the set S containing w has not yet been replaced while processing v, create a new empty replacement set T and place it prior to S in the sequence; otherwise, let T be the set prior to S.
Move w from S to T, and if this causes S to become empty remove S from Σ.

Each vertex is processed once, each edge is examined only when its two endpoints are processed, and (with an appropriate representation for the sets in Σ that allows items to be moved from one set to another in constant time) each iteration of the inner loop takes only constant time. Therefore, like simpler graph search algorithms such as breadth-first search and depth-first search, this algorithm takes linear time.

The algorithm is called lexicographic breadth-first search because the order it produces is an ordering that could also have been produced by a breadth-first search, and because if the ordering is used to index the rows and columns of an adjacency matrix of a graph then the algorithm sorts the rows and columns into lexicographical order.

Applications

Chordal graphs
A graph G is defined to be chordal if its vertices have a perfect elimination ordering, an ordering such that for any vertex v the neighbors that occur later in the ordering form a clique. In a chordal graph, the reverse of a lexicographic ordering is always a perfect elimination ordering. Therefore, one can test whether a graph is chordal in linear time by the following algorithm:
Use lexicographic breadth-first search to find a lexicographic ordering of G
For each vertex v:
Let w be the neighbor of v occurring prior to v, as close to v in the sequence as possible
(Continue to the next vertex v if there is no such w)
If the set of earlier neighbors of v (excluding w itself) is not a subset of the set of earlier neighbors of w, the graph is not chordal
If the loop terminates without showing that the graph is not chordal, then it is chordal.

This application was the original motivation that led  to develop the lexicographic breadth first search algorithm.

Graph coloring
A graph G is said to be perfectly orderable if there is a sequence of its vertices with the property that, for any induced subgraph of G, a greedy coloring algorithm that colors the vertices in the induced sequence ordering is guaranteed to produce an optimal coloring.

For a chordal graph, a perfect elimination ordering is a perfect ordering: the number of the color used for any vertex is the size of the clique formed by it and its earlier neighbors, so the maximum number of colors used is equal to the size of the largest clique in the graph, and no coloring can use fewer colors. An induced subgraph of a chordal graph is chordal and the induced subsequence of its perfect elimination ordering is a perfect elimination ordering on the subgraph, so chordal graphs are perfectly orderable, and lexicographic breadth-first search can be used to optimally color them.

The same property is true for a larger class of graphs, the distance-hereditary graphs: distance-hereditary graphs are perfectly orderable, with a perfect ordering given by the reverse of a lexicographic ordering, so lexicographic breadth-first search can be used in conjunction with greedy coloring algorithms to color them optimally in linear time.

Other applications
 describe an extension of lexicographic breadth-first search that breaks any additional ties using the complement graph of the input graph. As they show, this can be used to recognize cographs in linear time.  describe additional applications of lexicographic breadth-first search including the recognition of comparability graphs and interval graphs.

LexBFS ordering
An enumeration of the vertices of a graph is said to be a LexBFS ordering if it is the possible output of the application of LexBFS to this graph.

Let  be a graph  with  vertices.  Recall that  is the set of neighbors of .
Let  be an enumeration of the vertices of .
The enumeration  is a LexBFS ordering (with source ) if, for all  with , there exists  such that  .

Notes

References
.
.
.
.
.

Graph algorithms
Search algorithms


The colour green has a number of major connotations in the country of Ireland and may refer to:

 The colour green used on the flag of Ireland, representing the Catholic majority
 The shades of green used by Sinn Fein and other Irish nationalist groups
 "Kelly" green or "shamrock" green, a shade associated with St Patrick's day and Irish naturalism

See also
 Connemara marble
 Green Party of Ireland
 Irish greenways
 Orange (colour), House of Orange
 Pantone 347 (Irish green)


USS Shadow III (SP-102) was an armed motorboat that served in the United States Navy as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1919.

Shadow III was built as a civilian motorboat in 1916 by the Purdy Boat Company, at Miami, Florida. The U.S. Navy purchased Shadow III from Purdy on 12 June 1917 for use as a patrol boat during World War I. She was commissioned on 4 September 1917 as USS Shadow III (SP-102).

Shadow III patrolled the Florida coast off Miami during World War I. After the war, she acted as an aircraft crash boat for Naval Air Station Miami, Florida.

Shadow III was decommissioned at Miami on 25 January 1919. The Navy delivered her to the Parris Island Marine Corps Base at Parris Island, South Carolina, on 1 August 1919 for further non-commissioned service.

In December 1919, Shadow III was taken to the Charleston Navy Yard at Charleston, South Carolina, for survey. She was sold on 5 August 1921 to Mike Letiff of Charleston.

See also
Crash boats of World War 2

References

Department of the Navy Naval Historical Center Online Library of Selected Images: U.S. Navy Ships: USS Shadow III (SP-102), 1917-1921. Originally the Civilian Motor Boat Shadow III
NavSource Online: Section Patrol Craft Photo Archive: Shadow III (SP 102)

Patrol vessels of the United States Navy
World War I patrol vessels of the United States
Ships built in Miami
1916 ships


La Roux is the debut studio album by English synth-pop duo La Roux, released on 26 June 2009 by Polydor Records. The album peaked at number two on the UK Albums Chart and was certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI). It includes the singles "In for the Kill" and "Bulletproof", which reached numbers two and one on the UK Singles Chart, respectively.

The album was nominated for the 2009 Mercury Prize, and won the Grammy Award for Best Electronic/Dance Album at the 2011 ceremony. A 10-track Gold Edition of the album was released digitally in the United States on 8 February 2011, including the Kanye West-assisted version of "In for the Kill".

Singles
"Quicksand" was released as the album's lead single on 15 December 2008, originally reaching number 153 on the UK Singles Chart. The song was re-released on 23 November 2009 and rose to a new peak position of number 129 on the UK chart.

"In for the Kill" was released as the album's second single on 16 March 2009. The song peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart for four consecutive weeks, while reaching the top 15 in Ireland and Norway, the top 40 in Australia and the top 50 in Belgium.

"Bulletproof" was released as the album's third single on 22 June 2009. The single debuted at number one on the UK Singles Chart, becoming La Roux's first chart-topper. The track reached number three in Austria, number five in Australia, Belgium and Ireland, number seven in New Zealand and number 13 in Germany. "Bulletproof" also became the duo's first entry on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States, peaking at number eight.

"I'm Not Your Toy" was released as the album's fourth and final single on 28 September 2009. Speaking to The Guardian on 22 July 2009, Jackson explained that the duo chose to release the single in the summer because she "think[s] sunny weather drives you towards certain tempos and melodies that work well booming out of open windows", adding that the song "has a brightness that wouldn't work in winter." It peaked at number 27 on the UK Singles Chart.

On 15 July 2010, Jackson uploaded a behind-the-scenes preview of the music video for "Tigerlily" on YouTube discussing its theme. However, neither the single nor the video ever materialised.

Critical reception

La Roux received generally positive reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalised rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, the album received an average score of 76, based on 16 reviews. Luke Turner of NME raved that "with this astounding debut, an unassuming 21-year-old from SW2 has revitalised a forgotten form to make one of the finest forward-thinking British pop albums of recent memory." Steve Harris of Clash viewed the album as "[t]he ultimate expression of '80s love" and stated that "apart from a couple of later tracks, the album is far from filler and still delivers blow after blow of superb songcraft." Heather Phares of AllMusic opined that "La Roux's dedication to their aesthetic makes this an album where the songs are variations on a theme, and on the rare occasion where the songwriting isn't razor-sharp, the style threatens to overtake the substance. However, that devotion also makes La Roux a standout, not just among the many other '80s revivalists, but the entire late-2000s pop landscape." Rolling Stones Rob Sheffield commented, "Along with co-writer and fellow synth dude Ben Langmaid, [Elly Jackson is] ruling U.K. radio with splashy dance hits about sex and betrayal", highlighting "Bulletproof" as the album's "definitive gem".

Talia Kraines of BBC Music wrote, "That shrill vocal might mean the [...] album is not something you're likely to listen to all in one go in a high pressure situation, but it's one jam-packed with killer pop song after killer pop song." Slant Magazine reviewer Paul Schrodt described La Roux's sound as "frosty, uniquely British, deliberately affected, and anything but casual", but felt that "it's the band's attempts at vulnerability ('Cover My Eyes') that make for the most insipid listens." Pitchforks Joshua Love noted that "La Roux delivers icy but irresistible throwback pop that hearkens back explicitly to fellow femme-led Brits Yazoo and the Eurythmics." The Guardians Alexis Petridis wrote, "The sound is authentically tinny, bass being something that most synthpop pioneers seemed to think the gleaming 'Music of the Future' could do without. The rhythms tend to a clipped, funkless boom-crash that listeners of a certain vintage may find difficult to hear without picturing a school disco dancefloor packed with fourth-formers trying to 'do' robotics." Peter Paphides of The Times expressed, "For the almost militant purity of its execution though, La Roux inspires a peculiar sort of awe. Exclusively using keyboards is one thing, but the Brixton-based duo have gone a step further, purging their sound of any keyboard noise that bears even a passing resemblance to what your Jeremy Clarkson sort of music fan would refer to as a 'real' instrument." Simon Price was critical of the album in his review for The Independent, stating that "[m]uch of the time, La Roux sound strangely distorted, like the backing music from an early 1990s Sega Mega Drive game turned up to 11."

Accolades
La Roux was shortlisted for the 2009 Mercury Prize. On 13 February 2011, the album won Best Electronic/Dance Album at the 53rd Annual Grammy Awards.

Commercial performance
La Roux debuted at number two on the UK Albums Chart with 62,650 copies sold in its first week, becoming the third fastest-selling debut album of 2009 in the United Kingdom after Susan Boyle's I Dreamed a Dream and Florence and the Machine's Lungs, respectively. The album was certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) on 12 February 2010, and by July 2014, it had sold 416,667 copies in the UK. As of May 2014, La Roux had sold over two million copies worldwide.

Track listing

Gold Edition

Personnel
Credits adapted from the liner notes of La Roux.

Musicians
 Elly Jackson – vocals
 London Community Gospel Choir – backing vocals
 Kit Jackson – spoken word (uncredited)

Technical
 Ben Langmaid – production
 Elly Jackson – production
 Ben Hirst – production
 Serban Ghenea – mixing
 John Hanes – mix engineering
 Tim Roberts – mix engineering assistance
 Dan Carey – mixing
 Ian Sherwin – engineering

Artwork
 Andy Whitton – photography
 Alexander Brown – photography, art direction, design
 Traffic – art direction, design
 Hannah Neaves – art direction, design

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Decade-end charts

Certifications and sales

Release history

Notes

References

2009 debut albums
Albums recorded at RAK Studios
Cherrytree Records albums
Grammy Award for Best Dance/Electronica Album
Interscope Geffen A&M Records albums
Interscope Records albums
La Roux albums
Polydor Records albums


Jean-Claude Malgoire (25 November 1940 – 14 April 2018) was a French oboist and later conductor.

Early life
Malgoire was born on 25 November 1940 in Avignon, France. His mother was born in Italy.

Malgoire graduated from the Paris Conservatory.

Career
Malgoire began his career as an oboist. He played the cor anglais for the Orchestre de Paris, under the direction of conductor Charles Munch. Over the course of his career, he played for conductors Herbert von Karajan, Georg Solti and Seiji Ozawa. In 1971, he played the cor anglais in Ravel's Piano Concerto alongside pianist Samson François, conducted by André Cluytens. He also played the cor anglais in Richard Wagner's Tristan und Isolde.

Malgoire founded La Grande Écurie et la Chambre du Roy, a period-instrument Baroque music ensemble, in 1966. He played the works of Jean-Baptiste Lully, Marc-Antoine Charpentier, André Campra, and Jean-Philippe Rameau. He also founded the Florilegium Musicum de Paris, a medieval music group. In 1972, he joined Ensemble 2e2m founded by Paul Méfano. He  was the artistic director of the Atelier lyrique in Tourcoing from 1981 to 2018.

Malgoire was awarded the Victoires de la Musique in 1992.

Death
Malgoire died on 14 April 2018 in 14th arrondissement of Paris.

References

Further reading

1940 births
2018 deaths
Musicians from Avignon
French people of Italian descent
Conservatoire de Paris alumni
French conductors (music)
French male conductors (music)
French performers of early music
French classical oboists
Male oboists
Officiers of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
20th-century French musicologists
Handel Prize winners


Melissa Marr (born July 25, 1972) is an American author of young adult/urban fantasy novels.

Biography
Marr, a former university English teacher, currently resides in Arizona.  Her first novel was published in 2007, the New York Times bestseller Wicked Lovely.  Along with four more books in that series, which were also New York Times bestsellers, she has also written an adult novel, Graveminder, which won the 2011 Goodreads Readers Choice Award for "Best Horror" and was a "Top Pick Fantasy" with VOYA.  She has written other young adult, adult, and children's fiction. She is also a frequent contributor of short fiction to anthologies and has edited one anthology with Kelley Armstrong, with whom she also wrote the series Loki's Wolves, published under the name M.A. Marr.

Bibliography

Young adult novels

Wicked Lovely series
Wicked Lovely (2007)
Ink Exchange (2008)
Fragile Eternity (2009)
Radiant Shadows (2010)
Darkest Mercy (2011)

Other young adult novels
 Untamed City: Carnival of Secrets (2012)
 Made For You (2013)
 Seven Black Diamonds (2016)
 One Blood Ruby (2017)

Middle grade novels
 Loki's Wolves, as M.A. Marr, with Kelley Armstrong (Spring 2013)
 Odin's Ravens, as M.A. Marr, with Kelley Armstrong (Spring 2014)
 Thor's Serpents, as M.A. Marr, with Kelley Armstrong (Spring 2015)

 The Hidden Knife, (Spring 2021)

Adult novels

Graveminder (2011)
The Arrivals (2013)
Pretty Broken Things (An Audible Original (2020)

Wicked Lovely Adult series
Cold Iron Heart (2020)

Faery Bargains Adult series
The Wicked & The Dead (2020)

Picture books
Bunny Roo, I Love You (2015)
Baby Dragon (2019)
Bunny Roo and Duckling Too (2021)

Faery Bargains Adult series
The Wicked & The Dead (2020)

Picture books
Bunny Roo, I Love You (2015)
Baby Dragon (2019)
Bunny Roo and Duckling Too (2021)

Graphic novels

Wicked Lovely: Desert Tales series
Volume 1: Sanctuary (2009)
Volume 2: Challenge (2010)
Volume 3: Resolve (2011)

Short fiction

Collections
 Faery Tales and Nightmares (2011)
 Tales of Folk and Fey (2019)

Anthologies Edited
 Enthralled: Paranormal Diversions, with Kelley Armstrong
 Shards and Ashes, with Kelley Armstrong
 Rags and Bones: New Twists on Timeless Tales (2013), with Tim Pratt

Anthologies Contributed To
 Enthralled: Paranormal Diversions
 Teeth: Vampire Tales
 Love Is Hell
 Naked City
 Home Improvement: Undead Edition
 Unbound

NonFiction Anthologies Contributed To
 Life Inside My Mind
 Things We Haven't Said

Awards and honors

Wicked Lovely
New York Public Library's Books for the Teen Age 2008
Amazon's Best Books of 2007: Top 10 Editor's Picks: Teens
IRA Notable Books 2008: Young Adult Fiction

References

External links
Melissa Marr's Website
"Melissa Marr, Literary Goth Writer of Young Adult Fiction" Online article by Steven Williams with linked resources.

21st-century American novelists
American women novelists
American writers of young adult literature
American fantasy writers
Living people
1974 births
Urban fantasy writers
Women science fiction and fantasy writers
21st-century American women writers
RITA Award winners
Women writers of young adult literature
Women romantic fiction writers


KZTN-LD, virtual and UHF digital channel 20, is a low powered television station licensed to Boise, Idaho, United States. The station is owned by Celebration Praise, LLC.

History

In 2010, the former station's owners, Lopes Broadcasting, sold the station to Family Radio. The sale was approved by the FCC in September 2010.

On November 4, 2011, the then-KITL-LP flash cut to its digital signal, broadcasting its Family Radio television programming on DT1, and an audio only feed from KEAR-FM on DT2. On February 1, 2013, the station changed its call sign to KHFR-LD, and again on June 9, 2014 to the current KZTN-LD.

In 2015, Family Radio sold the station to Celebration Praise, LLC. The sale was consummated October 7, 2015.

Digital channels
The station's digital signal is multiplexed:

References

External links

ZTN-LD
ZTN-LD


Gueze or Guèze, alternative spelling of Ge'ez, an ancient Ethiopian language
Gueze, alternative spelling of Gueuze, a type of beer


Jabana is a suburb of Kigali, the capital of Rwanda.

Kigali


Ilari Ruuth (born 27 August 1990) is a Finnish footballer, who played most notably for Tampere United, in Veikkausliiga, the premier division of football in Finland. He is also a member of Finland national under-19 football team. Ruuth plays as a left back.

References

External links
 Ilari Ruuth on the Tampere United web page

1990 births
Living people
Finnish men's footballers
Tampere United players
Men's association football defenders


Sambuca is an alcoholic drink.

Sambuca may also refer to:
Sambuca (siege engine), ancient naval weapon
Sambuca (instrument), an ancient stringed instrument
Sambuca or sambuca rotata, a hurdy-gurdy, a hand-cranked stringed musical instrument from the Middle Ages
Sambuca (song), a song by British garage act Wideboys
Sambuca di Sicilia, comune in Sicily, Italy
Sambuca Pistoiese, comune in Tuscany, Italy
Sambuca Kelly, fictional character in UK TV: see List of Waterloo Road characters
Sambucus, botanical genus containing the elder and elderberry.
Katya Sambuca (b. 1991), Russian singer, actress, model and television presenter.


Balintraid  () is an industrial settlement, which was built largely in the 1970s with the growth of the North Sea oil industry in Scotland, lies on the north east corner of Nigg Bay, in the Cromarty Firth in Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. Balintraid pier - probably the oldest pier on the Cromarty Firth, was built by Thomas Telford in 1824.

The village of Invergordon lies less than 1 miles to the west, with the village of Barbaraville 1 mile to the west.

References

Populated places in Ross and Cromarty


Alang-alang may refer to:

Indonesia
 Indonesian for Imperata cylindrica, a species of grass
 Alang-Alang (film), a 1939 film from the Dutch East Indies
 Alang-Alang (TV series), a 1994 television serial from Indonesia

Philippines
 Alangalang, Leyte, a municipality in the Philippines
 Alang-alang, a barangay in the city of Borongan, Eastern Samar, Philippines
 Alang-alang, a barangay in the city of Mandaue, Philippines
 Alang-alang, a barangay in the city of Surigao, Surigao del Norte, Philippines
 Alang-alang, a barangay in the municipality of Tabogon, Cebu, Philippines
 Alang-alang, a barangay in the municipality of General MacArthur, Eastern Samar, Philippines
 Alang-alang, a barangay in the municipality of Oras, Eastern Samar, Philippines
 Alang-alang, a barangay in the municipality of Quinapondan, Eastern Samar, Philippines
 Alang-alang, a barangay in the municipality of Lapinig, Northern Samar, Philippines
 Alang-alang, a barangay in the municipality of Aurora, Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines
 Alang-alang, a barangay in the municipality of Tambulig, Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines


Portuguese abstract art is historically linked to the Portuguese artist group Independents' exhibitions. The exhibitions' main organizer and coordinator, painter and architect Fernando Lanhas, coincidentally is the central figure of Portuguese abstractionism.

After the I Exhibition in April 1943 in the Fine Arts School of Porto, with sculptures by Altino Maia, Mário Truta, Arlindo Rocha, Serafim Teixeira, Augusto Tavares and Manuel Pereira da Silva, the Independents exhibitions were started when the sculptures were placed outside the school and several times outside Oporto. A first effort towards decentralization, this did not avoid a certain marginalization of the Oporto artists in events and initiatives of greater visibility and impact in the capital.

Then the II Independents Exhibition shows were held in February 1944 at the Atheneum Commercial of Oporto, with sculptures by Altino Maia, Arlindo Rocha, Eduardo Tavares, Joaquim Meireles, Manuel da Cunha Monteiro, Maria Graciosa de Carvalho, Mário Truta, M. Félix de Brito, Manuel Pereira da Silva and Serafim Teixeira. It would be from there that the action of Fernando Lanhas was felt in the consistent quality of the catalogue and the exhibitions, as well as in his persistence in keeping alive the initiatives.

The III Independents Exhibition took place in the same year, in the hall of the Coliseum of Oporto, with sculptures by Abel Salazar, Altino Maia, António Azevedo, Arlindo Rocha, Eduardo Tavares, Henrique Moreira, Manuel Pereira da Silva, Mário Truta and Sousa Caldas. In the catalogue of the exhibition that toured Coimbra, Leiria and Lisboa in 1945, it was stated that the name of "Independents" is not a name at random but involves the awareness that art is a heritage of humanity and hence that "Our presence is varied, but should be understood that this enables us to build the future, as it also cannot deny us the right to remember the past."
For Fernando Lanhas, the "Independents Exhibition" of Oporto was a significant historical moment in Portuguese painting and sculpture. First, because, together, painters and sculptors of different training (the reason for the word "Independents" had no affiliation with any "ism" in particular) also engaged in a collective action and immersed themselves in the same enthusiasm. Second, because there appeared, without pre-concepts or complexes, original and fruitful abstraction, and, thirdly, because the artists escaped from the centralized voracity of the capital.

Between 1946 and 1950, there were four more independent exhibitions in Bookstore Gallery Portugála, in Oporto in '46, '48 and '50, and in Braga in '49.

From 1943 to 1950, exhibited in almost all expositions were the Independents painters Fernando Lanhas, Júlio Resende, Júlio Pomar, Nadir Afonso, Rui Pimentel, Dordio Gomes, Carlos João Chambers Ramos, Amândio Silva, António Lino, Aníbal Alcino and Vítor Palla.

Exhibitions
I Independents Exhibition, in the Escola Superior de Belas-Artes do Porto (1943).
II Independents Exhibition, in the Ateneu Comercial do Porto (1944).
III Independents Exhibition, in the Coliseu do Porto (1945).

References

MATOS, Lúcia Almeida. Escultura em Portugal no século XX (1910–69), 2007. Edição: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian.

Abstract artists
Portuguese painters
Modern painters
European artist groups and collectives
Culture in Porto


Charleston Baptist Temple is a historic Baptist church located at Charleston, West Virginia. It is a two-story, brick church with Georgian and Federal style details.  It was designed by architect Ernest Flagg and constructed in 1924. It is composed of a central sanctuary block with matching wings and a rear addition constructed in 1955. The facade features a central tower, which contains the steeple. The spire is copper-clad and flares out to cover an open belfry with decorated engaged Corinthian columns and arched openings.  Directly below the belfry is a baluster area above the clock portion of the tower.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

Gallery

References

20th-century Baptist churches in the United States
Baptist churches in West Virginia
Buildings and structures in Charleston, West Virginia
Churches in Kanawha County, West Virginia
Colonial Revival architecture in West Virginia
Federal architecture in West Virginia
Georgian Revival architecture in West Virginia
National Register of Historic Places in Charleston, West Virginia
Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in West Virginia
Churches completed in 1924
Clock towers in West Virginia


The 1994 United States elections were held on November 8, 1994. The elections occurred in the middle of Democratic President Bill Clinton's first term in office, and elected the members of 104th United States Congress. The elections have been described as the "Republican Revolution" because the Republican Party captured unified control of Congress for the first time since 1952. Republicans picked up eight seats in the Senate and won a net of 54 seats in the House of Representatives. Republicans also picked up a net of ten governorships and took control of many state legislative chambers.

Republicans were able to nationalize the election by campaigning on a "Contract with America," and the new Republican majorities passed conservative legislation such as the Telecommunications Act of 1996, the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act, and the Defense of Marriage Act. The election was a major defeat for Clinton's health care plan, but Clinton's subsequent move to the center may have helped him win re-election in 1996. George W. Bush's election as Governor of Texas laid the groundwork for his successful campaign for president in 2000.

The Republicans heavily attacked Clinton for reneging on his "New Democrat" philosophy that he had run on in 1992. Clinton had passed a tax increase and an assault weapons ban in his first two years in office and had allowed homosexuals to be in the military, sparking backlash. Clinton's push for universal healthcare was the straw that broke the camel's back, as the GOP ran heavily against it in the midterms and is argued to be the main reason why the Democrats faced heavy losses in 1994.

As of 2022, this is the last time a party flipped control of both houses of Congress during a president's first term.

Federal elections

Senate elections

In the Senate elections, Republicans successfully defended all of their seats and won eight from the Democrats, defeating incumbent Senators Harris Wofford (Pennsylvania) and Jim Sasser (Tennessee), in addition to picking up six open seats in Arizona, Maine, Michigan, Ohio, Oklahoma, and Tennessee. Notably, since Sasser's defeat coincided with a Republican victory in the special election to replace Al Gore, Tennessee's Senate delegation switched from entirely Democratic to entirely Republican in a single election. Minority leader Robert J. Dole became Majority Leader, while on the Democratic side, Tom Daschle became Minority Leader after the retirement of the previous Democratic leader, George J. Mitchell.

Initially, the balance was 52–48 in favor of the Republicans, but after the power change, Democrats Richard Shelby and Ben Nighthorse Campbell switched parties, bringing the balance to 54–46. The Democrats took back a seat in January 1996 in a special election in Oregon when Ron Wyden won an open seat left vacated by Republican Bob Packwood.

House of Representatives elections

Republicans won the national popular vote for the House of Representatives by a margin of 6.8 percentage points and picked up 54 seats. The South underwent a drastic transformation, as Republicans picked up 19 Southern seats, leaving them with more seats than Democrats in the South, last achieved during Reconstruction. 34 incumbents, all Democrats, were defeated. The incumbent Speaker, Democrat Tom Foley, lost re-election in his district, becoming the first Speaker of the House to lose re-election since Galusha Grow in 1863. Other major upsets included the defeat of House Ways and Means Chairman Dan Rostenkowski and House Judiciary Chairman Jack Brooks. The incumbent Republican Minority whip, Newt Gingrich, was re-elected in the Republican landslide and became Speaker as the incumbent Republican Minority Leader, Robert H. Michel, retired. The incumbent Democratic Majority Leader, Dick Gephardt, became Minority Leader.

State elections

Heading into the election, there were 21 seats held by Democrats, 14 held by Republicans, and one by an independent. By the end of the elections, 11 seats would be held by Democrats, 24 by Republicans, and one by an independent.

Contract with America

During the campaign, the United States Republican Party released a document that it called the Contract with America. Written by Larry Hunter, who was aided by Newt Gingrich, Robert Walker, Richard Armey, Bill Paxon, Tom DeLay, John Boehner and Jim Nussle, and in part using text from former President Ronald Reagan's 1985 State of the Union Address, the Contract detailed the actions the Republicans promised to take if they became the majority party in the United States House of Representatives, last achieved in 1952.

Many of the Contract's policy ideas originated at The Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank. The Contract with America was signed by all but two of the Republican members of the House and all of the Party's non-incumbent Republican Congressional candidates.

Proponents say the Contract was revolutionary in its commitment to offering specific legislation for a vote, describing in detail the precise plan of the Congressional Representatives, last achieved during the 1918 Congressional election had been run broadly on a national level. Furthermore, its provisions represented the view of many conservative Republicans on the issues of shrinking the size of government, promoting lower taxes and greater entrepreneurial activity, and both tort reform and welfare reform.

In 2014, historian John Steele Gordon, writing in The American, an online magazine published by the American Enterprise Institute, said that "(t)he main reason (for the Republican victory in 1994) was surely the Contract with America..." in part because it "nationalized the election, making it one of reform versus business as usual. The people voted for reform." He said that the Contract "turned out to be a brilliant political ploy. The contract tuned in to the American electorate’s deep yearning for reform in Washington, a yearning that had expressed itself in the elections of both (U.S. Presidents) Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan."

References

Further reading
Ladd, Everett Carll. "The 1994 congressional elections: The postindustrial realignment continues," Political Science Quarterly (1995) 110#1 pp 1–22 in JSTOR

1994 elections in the United States
1994
United States midterm elections
November 1994 events in the United States


Lowell Liebermann’s Symphony No. 2, Op. 67 (1999) is a symphony for large orchestra and SATB chorus, with texts adapted from the poetry of Walt Whitman.  It is about 40 minutes long, and arranged into four movements to be played without a break.  It was commissioned by Ford Lacy and Cece Smith for the Dallas Symphony Orchestra and Chorus’ centennial celebration.  The work was premiered in 2000, with Andrew Litton conducting the Dallas Symphony Orchestra and Chorus.  The Second Symphony was very favorably received at its premiere, with TIME describing it as, "Now brazen and glittering, now radiantly visionary...the work of a composer unafraid of grand gestures and openhearted lyricism."  However, the symphony has since received harsh criticism due to its exceptionally free embrace of tonality and its distinctly optimistic outlook.  Scott Cantrell in particular has denounced the Second Symphony as "foolhardy" in the "cynical" environment of today.  The Second Symphony was recorded in 2000 on the Delos International label with Andrew Litton conducting the Dallas Symphony Orchestra and Chorus.

Notes

Compositions by Lowell Liebermann
1999 compositions
Liebermann
Liebermann
Musical settings of poems by Walt Whitman


Edward John Roberts (1867 – 14 June 1940) was a Welsh international rugby union fullback who played club rugby for Llanelli and international rugby for Wales.

Rugby career
Roberts first international cap was gained in the opening game of the 1888 Home Nations Championship. The Welsh selectors had chosen two different fullbacks in the last two internationals, since Harry Bowen, a fellow Llanelli player, had face England in early 1887. With England withdrawn from the tournament, Wales faced Scotland in the opening game at home at Newport's Rodney Parade.  The Welsh team held seven new caps and although lacking in experience, the team managed to kill the game after taking the lead when Thomas Pryce-Jenkins scored the match's only try.

Roberts was reselected at halfback for the very next Wales international, in the second and final Welsh game of the 1888 Championship, away to Ireland. Under the captaincy of Tom Clapp, the Welsh team faced an international opposition for the final time playing with three threequarters system, but lost heavily. Roberts was not part of the 1888 Wales team that faced the touring New Zealand Natives, but Roberts also failed to make the Llanelli team that faced the same tourists three days prior. In the opening game of the 1889 Home Nations Championship the fullback position was filled by Cardiff's Hugh 'Sawdust' Hughes, but the next game saw Roberts retake his place at fullback. Roberts was one of four Llanelli players that were brought into the squad, but he, Giotto Griffiths, Dan Griffiths and Tom Morgan would never play another international game. The Irish won the game with two tries, both scored by debut players.

International matches played
Wales (rugby union)
  1888, 1889
  1888

Bibliography

References

1867 births
1940 deaths
Llanelli RFC players
Rugby union fullbacks
Rugby union players from Llanelli
Wales international rugby union players
Welsh rugby union players


The California Society of Municipal Finance Officers (or CSMFO) is a professional association of state, county, and local government finance officers in California.  The California Society of Municipal Finance Officers is the statewide organization serving all California municipal finance professionals, an affiliate of the nationwide Government Finance Officers Association (GFOA).  Membership is open to anyone in the State of California actively engaged in government finance in any city, county, or special district.

The Challenge to Excellence in Government Finance

The Chief Financial Officers Act of 1990(CFO Act) was signed into law by President George H. W. Bush. For each of 23 federal agencies, the position of chief financial officer was created. Since that time, federal efforts have been intended to improve the government's financial management and develop standards of financial performance and disclosure. Similar financial expectations exist at State and Local government levels.

The chief financial officer (CFO) of a public agency is the corporate officer primarily responsible for managing the financial risks of the business or agency. This officer is also responsible for budgeting, financial planning, record-keeping, cash flow management, higher management. communicating financial performance and forecasts to the community. The title may vary, such as finance director or treasurer, from agency to agency. The CFO typically reports to the city manager or other chief executive officer.

Financial reporting has multiple audiences, with a responsibility to citizens, taxpayers and voters to provide transparent accountability for use of public funds (taxes).  Additionally, financial reporting must provide internal guidance to program managers to maintain budgetary control and to governing city councils and boards of directors to provide adequate financial policy guidelines.

The United States government in general has sought to improve the quality of financial reporting.  The Government Accounting Standards Board (GASB) has a stated mission to "establish and improve standards of state and local governmental accounting and financial reporting that will result in useful information for users of financial reports and guide and educate the public, including issuers, auditors, and users of those financial reports." Pronouncements in particular have trended to incorporate more comparable elements of business-sector.

Role of CSMFO Membership
Members are finance directors and treasurers of municipalities and other local government agencies, whether elected or appointed, having responsibility for collection, receipt, reporting, custody, investment or disbursement of municipal funds.  Municipal funding sources are commonly property tax, sales tax, income tax, utility users tax (UUT), transient occupancy tax (hotel occupancy), and user fees such as licensing and permit fees.

Michael Genest is the Finance Director and Bill Lockyer is the Treasurer of the State of California.  There are 480 California cities, 58 California counties about 3,400 Special Districts and School Districts, each with independent fiscal stewardship.  Many City Treasurers are elected, and are therefore directly accountable to their constituents; the remainder are appointed either by City Council or City Manager.  Finance Directors typically are appointed by the City Manager.

Professional Standards Setting
Certification is a guide for municipal finance directors and treasurers to become valued administrators in local government.  CSMFO encourages professional certification for public finance directors and treasurers who meet standards of education, experience and commitment to a code of ethics.  CSMFO does not offer its own post-nominal professional certificate since GFOA already administers the Certified Professional Finance Officer (CPFO), CMTA offers the Certified California Municipal Treasurer (CCMT) certification program, and the Association of Government Accountants offers the Certified Government Financial Manager (CGFM) certification, requiring six hours of testing on Federal, State and Local Government Financial material.

CSMFO Code of Ethics

Members are enjoined to adhere to legal, moral and professional standards of conduct.

Training and Education in California Finance and Treasury
CSMFO has technical and professional committees that deal with financial issues facing government and the public.  CSMFO also provides web-based technical support resources, educational material, conferences and technical publications for its members.  CSMFO's annual statewide conferences provide an array of education across many topics and alternate annually between various northern and southern cities.

Standing Committees
Financial Leadership is furthered by engaging in efforts to assist statewide finance officers to develop the skills and capabilities necessary to enable them to become organizational leaders as well as technical experts.

Resources
The CSMFO website is a statewide resource for a variety of documents relevant to local government.  CSMFO's library of resources includes sample RFPs, job descriptions, and a variety of documents and information relevant to local government.  Categories of posted information include Accounting/Financial Reporting, Budgeting, Consultants, Investments/Cash Management, Job Descriptions, Payroll, Human Resources, Policies & Procedures, Revenue Management, RFPs/RFQs, and Technology.

See also
 American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Private Sector Accounting
  California Municipal Treasurers Association (CMTA)
  Certified California Municipal Treasurer (CCMT)
 Certified Government Financial Manager (CGFM)
 Certified Public Accountant (CPA)
  Government Finance Officers Association (GFOA)
  Government Finance Officers Association of Texas (GFOAT)
 List of post-nominal letters
 Professional certification

References

Local government in California
Government-related professional associations in the United States
Professional certification in finance
Public administration
Government finances in the United States
Local government finance
1958 establishments in California


Simpson Memorial United Methodist Church, historically known as the Simpson Memorial Methodist Episcopal Church, is a historic Methodist Episcopal Church, now United Methodist, located at Charleston, West Virginia. It was constructed in 1914 and is a nearly square building on a high foundation.  It features a high pitched hipped roof with platform and four story square bell tower. It is of late Gothic Revival styling with features common to many American Protestant churches of the early 20th century.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.

References

External links
 Church website
 National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form

20th-century Methodist church buildings in the United States
African-American history of West Virginia
Buildings and structures in Charleston, West Virginia
Churches in Kanawha County, West Virginia
Gothic Revival church buildings in West Virginia
National Register of Historic Places in Charleston, West Virginia
Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in West Virginia
Churches completed in 1914
United Methodist churches in West Virginia
Methodist Episcopal churches in the United States


In 1989, I.M.P.S and R-Tek Music, International released Smurfin! Tenth Anniversary Commemorative Album, a collection of 1960s and 1980s pop songs covered by the Smurfs. Created by Peyo, The Smurfs were a hit in North America, releasing several albums including a Christmas album.

Smurfin! was recorded at the S.B. Studios in Huizen, the Netherlands. It was produced by Cees Jansen and Sander Bos and was arranged by Cor Willems. It was released on CD, cassette and 2-record LP by Quality Special Products in Canada and the US, and Dino Music in Australia. It was also released in New Zealand and some parts of Europe.

Although there were 20 tracks recorded, not all tracks were used on each "Edition" of the album. Some of the Smurfin! CDs used between 10 and 20 of the 20 tracks recorded: The Australian CD, cassette and LP versions all contained the same 16 tracks, while the US CD release contained all 20 tracks.

The Canadian and American cassettes were released in two versions: one version contained 16 tracks, while the other was split into two albums, each with 10 songs. One Album was blue, with the main cover photo, and the other was white, also with the main cover photo. The Australian cassette was not split into two albums, but it did use different artwork than the Canadian/American release. It used the back cover image with track titles overlaid and the banner from the normal front cover. Australian and Canadian releases of the CD and cassette were identical.

The US LP consisted of all 20 tracks over 2 discs, while the Australian and Canadian pressings contained the same 16 tracks from the CD and Cassette editions, and was only 1 vinyl disc.

The four tracks usually left off the CD/cassette were: The Lion Sleeps Tonight, Simon Says, I Should Be So Lucky and Especially for You were not on the Australian CD release or Canadian cassette release. They were both on the US LP release, and I Should be so Lucky was on the American cassette while Especially for You was on the American CD.

Kylie Minogue has the most songs covered with three: The Locomotion, I Should Be So Lucky and Especially for You.  The Beach Boys have two songs covered: Surfin' U.S.A. and Kokomo. All the rest of the original artists have only one song covered.

Track listing (For CD and cassette)

(N/A:)These tracks did not appear on this version of the album.

Track listing for US LP

The record album had two LPs and four sides.  Each side contained five songs, in a different order than the CD/cassettes.

Record One/Side One

 I Think We're Alone Now
 The Locomotion
 I Should Be So Lucky
 Whenever You Need Somebody
 Simply Irresistible

Record One/Side Two

 Get Outta My Dreams, Get Into My Car
 You Keep Me Hanging On
 Walking On Sunshine
 Twist and Shout
 Simon Says

Record Two/Side One

 Nothing's Gonna Change my Love For You
 Especially for You
 Gargamel and the Smurfs
 Smurfin' USA
 La Bamba

Record Two/Side Two

 The Lion Sleeps Tonight
 Don't Worry Be Happy
 Walk Like an Egyptian
 Kokomo
 Smurf Town

External links

The Smurfs official site
A commercial for the album on youtube.
Happy Smurfday: Official Smurfs 50th Anniversary site

The Smurfs music
Novelty albums
1989 albums


Laura Inés Pollán Toledo (February 13, 1948 in Manzanillo, Cuba – October 14, 2011) was a prominent Cuban opposition leader. Pollan founded the dissident group Ladies in White, which holds pacific protest marches with the wives and spouses of political prisoners in Cuba to demand their release.

Pollan worked as a literature teacher until her retirement in 2004. In 2003, her husband, Héctor Maseda Gutiérrez, and seventy-four other Cubans, now known as the Group of 75, were arrested in the Black Spring, a crackdown on opposition figures. The group included journalists, activists, and commentators whom the Cuban government accused of taking money from foreign governments, including the United States.

Pollan soon began appearing outside government facilities where her husband could have potentially been imprisoned. She soon ran into the wives of other political prisoners, which led to the founding of the Ladies in White. Pollan always wore white, a symbol of the organization, and became a key opposition figure in Cuba.  Her home at 963 Calle Neptuno in Havana became a center of opposition where she hosted literary tea for wives of political prisoners.

Pollan died of cardiorespiratory arrest on October 14, 2011, at the age of 63. She had been hospitalized since October 7. According to the Cuban government, she had suffered from dengue fever.

References

External links
 The Independent: Laura Pollan: Leader of Cuba's 'White Ladies' group of activists
Laura Pollán, la profesora a la que no interesaba la política, Carles Pérez-Desoy Fages, El País, 15-10-2011

1948 births
2011 deaths
Cuban dissidents
Cuban human rights activists
20th-century Cuban educators
21st-century Cuban educators
Cuban women educators
Women human rights activists


Beor is a village and union council situated in the Kahuta Tehsil of Rawalpindi District, of Punjab, Pakistan. Its geographical coordinates are 33° 35' 0" North, 73° 34' 0" East.

Most of the population is Muslim, and belongs to the Janhal clan which claims to be Mongols & emperor's origin. Beor is at the centre of a cluster of villages inhabited by the Janhal tribe.

See also

 Kahuta Tehsil

References

Populated places in Kahuta Tehsil
Union councils of Kahuta Tehsil
Union councils of Rawalpindi District


Simpson Memorial United Methodist Church may refer to:

Simpson Memorial United Methodist Church (Greenville, Indiana)
Simpson Memorial United Methodist Church (Charleston, West Virginia)


The 1958 Ice Hockey World Championships were held between February 28 and March 9, 1958, in Oslo, Norway at the Jordal Amfi arena. The Whitby Dunlops represented Canada, winning the World Championship for the 17th time. The Soviets lost the final game to the Canadians 4–2, settling for both silver and their fourth European Championship. Scoring leader Connie Broden is the only player to win the Stanley Cup and the World Championship in the same year, having played on the Montreal Canadiens' championship team.

Standings

Final round

European Championship medal table

Tournament awards
 Best players selected by the directorate:
 Best Goaltender:  Vladimír Nadrchal
Best Defenceman:  Ivan Tregubov
Best Forward:  Charlie Burns

Citations

References
Championnat du monde 1958 (Archived 2009-05-04) sur hockeyarchives.info

IIHF Men's World Ice Hockey Championships
World Championships
1958
Ice Hockey World Championships
Ice Hockey World Championships
International sports competitions in Oslo
Ice Hockey World Championships, 1958


Namrud (, also Romanized as Namrūd and Nīmrūd) is a village in Shahrabad Rural District, in the Central District of Firuzkuh County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 28, made up of 10 families.

References

Populated places in Firuzkuh County


The Metropolitan, formerly known as Chase Tower (before 2015), and Lincoln First Bank (before 1996), is a skyscraper located in Rochester, New York, United States. It is the third tallest skyscraper in Rochester, standing at . It has 27 floors and was constructed in 1973. The architect responsible for designing the building was John Graham & Company. The building is unique for its outstanding white vertical fins and that it curves outward on the bottom. This building is also known for its fast elevators. Many people refer to them as "rockets". They were installed in the 1970s and travel at about 1000 feet per minute.

The Metropolitan was renovated in 1987 and again in 2015. It has  of gross area, with  of leasable office space.

Recent renovations

The upper floors of the building were converted to apartments in 2016.

A new entrance way was completed in 2017.

Damage to fins
The white fins were originally made with marble panel coverings. By the 1980s, however, these began to warp and loosen. They were replaced with painted aluminum panels.

Gallery

See also
List of tallest buildings in Rochester, New York
List of tallest buildings in Upstate New York

References

JPMorgan Chase buildings
Skyscraper office buildings in Rochester, New York
Office buildings completed in 1973
1973 establishments in New York (state)


The 8th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (b) was held in Moscow 18–-23 March 1919. The Congress was attended by 301 voting delegates who represented 313,766 Party members. A further 102 delegates attended with speaking rights, but no vote. It elected the 8th Central Committee.

Debates
The Congress agenda was:
Report of the 7th Central Committee
Program of the R.C.P.(B.)
Foundation of the Communist International
War situation and war policy
Work in the countryside
Organisational problems
Other business

18 March
Vladimir Lenin's opening words were dedicated to Yakov Sverdlov, who had died on 16 March. He also submitted the Report of the Central Committee. Mikhail Kalinin replaced Sverdlov as Soviet head of state, a position he held till his death in March 1946.

19 March

The Report on the Party Programme introduced the principal issue of the day.

The congress adopted a new Party Program. This program included a description of capitalism and imperialism, and compared two systems of state – the bourgeois-democratic system and the Soviet system. It specified the specific tasks of the Party in the struggle for socialism: completion of the expropriation of the bourgeoisie; administration of the economic life of the country in accordance with a single socialist plan; participation of the trade unions in the organization of the national economy; socialist labour discipline; utilization of bourgeois experts in the economic field under the control of Soviet bodies; gradual and systematic enlistment of the middle peasantry in the work of socialist construction.

The congress adopted Lenin's proposal to include in the program in addition to a definition of imperialism as the highest stage of capitalism, the description of industrial capitalism and simple commodity production contained in the old program adopted at the 2nd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. Lenin considered it essential that the program should take account of the complexity of the economic system and note the existence of diverse economic formations in the country, including small commodity production, as represented by the middle peasants.

Nikolai Bukharin, however, proposed that the clauses dealing with capitalism, small commodity production, the economy of the middle peasantry, should have been left out of the program.

Bukharin and Georgy Pyatakov differed with Lenin on the national question. Bukharin and Pyatakov argued against the inclusion in the program of a clause on the right of nations to self-determination; claiming that the slogan that would hinder the victory of the proletarian revolution and the union of the proletarians of different nationalities. Lenin's rejection of the standpoints of Bukharin and Pyatakov was accepted

After the first Politburo was created in October 1917, in order to manage the Revolution, this second Politburo was voted by the Congress of the party, and appointed with five full members (Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin, Leon Trotsky, Lev Kamenev and Nikolay Krestinsky) and three non-voting members (Grigory Zinoviev, Nikolai Bukharin and Mikhail Kalinin). The first Orgburo was also set up. Stalin and Krestinsky were members as well. The other three members were Elena Stasova, Alexander Beloborodov, Leonid Serebryakov plus candidate member Matevi Muranov.

22 March
The Congress sent greetings to the Hungarian Soviet Republic:

"The Eighth Congress of the Russian Communist Party sends ardent greetings to the Hungarian Soviet Republic. Our Congress is convinced that the time is not far distant when communism will triumph all over the world. The working class of Russia is making every effort to come to your aid. The proletariat throughout the world is watching your struggle with intense interest and will not permit the imperialists to raise their hands against the new Soviet Republic."

Decisions of the Congress

Elections during the Congress

Central Committee: 19 elected members, 8 candidates to Central Committee membership
Central Revision Committee: three elected members

Adoption of Resolutions and Decisions

 Report of the Central Committee;
 Program's project;
 War issue;
 Organisation issue;
 Attitude towards middle peasantry;
 Political propaganda and enlightenment and educational work in the countryside;
 Working amongst female proletariat;
 Working amongst youth;
 Party and Soviet printing.

References
Eighth Congress of the R.C.P.(B.) accessed 9 April 2009
Mark von Hagen. Soldiers in the Proletarian Dictatorship: The Red Army and the Soviet Socialist State, 1917–1930. Cornell University Press, 1990, pp. 57–63.
Eighth Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolshevik) in The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970–1979).
The Military Writings of Leon Trotsky. Volume 1, 1918; Theses adopted by the Eighth Congress of the Russian Communist Party in March 1919

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