Rambaa Somdet (; born August 30, 1974) is a retired Thai mixed martial artist and former Muay Thai fighter who has fought for K-1, Shooto, DEEP and Palace Fighting Championship. He competed in the flyweight and strawweight divisions. Somdet is a former Shooto World Flyweight (114 lb) Champion. He is considered by many to be the greatest strawweight in mixed martial arts history.

Personal life
He has, since retiring, opened his own gym, the M-16 gym.

He is the nephew of the former Rajadamnern and WMC champion Tappaya Sit-Or and the cousin of the reigning Thailand and World Kickboxing Network Muaythai Welterweight world champion Sudsakorn Sor Klinmee. It was his uncle that first introduced him to Muay Thai.

Mixed martial arts career
Rambaa Somdet made his mixed martial arts debut against Takumi Yano in 2001 during Deep 3 Impact. He won a unanimous decision. His second and third fights with DEEP were against Mitsuhisa Sunabe and Darren Uyenoyama, both of which he lost by way of unanimous decision. Somdet would however leave the organization on a win, defeating Takeyasu Hirono.

He would then move to Shooto, when he faced Takehiro Harusaki during Shooto: Battle Mix Tokyo 4. He won in his debut with Shooto. In his second fight he faced Masaaki Sugawara, which he won by TKO. He was then set to fight Noboru Tahara, winning his third fight in a row. Briefly leaving Shooto he was scheduled to fight for the PFC flyweight title, but was forced to withdraw with injury. After recovering he faced Ulysses Gomez during PFC 11: All In. He won a unanimous decision.

Riding a five fight winning streak, he was given a chance to fight for the inaugural Shooto Flyweight Champion. Somdet defeated Noboru Tahara in a rematch to become the first Shooto Flyweight Champion (Shooto's Flyweight division is fought at 114 lbs.) on November 23, 2009 in Tokyo. He defended his title against Hiroyuki Abe. He was scheduled to defend his title against Junji Ito at "Shootor's Legacy 2" on March 12, 2011, however the bout has been pushed back to April 29, 2011.

On April 16, 2011, Shooto announced Somdet was vacating his title due to a partially torn left biceps.

Moving to GRABAKA he won a decision versus Takuya Eizumi. Following this win, he was signed by PXC. Is his first with PXC he faced Rabin Catalan. He won the fight with a rear naked choke, the first submission win of his career. Returning to GRABAKA he won a unanimous decision against Kenichi Sawada. His 11 fight winning streak was snapped at PXC 46, losing a close split decision to Cristiano Pitpitunge.

His last mixed martial arts fight came at Shooto - Torao 15, when he won a unanimous decision against Masayoshi Kato.

Championships and accomplishments
Shooto
Shooto World Flyweight (114 lb) Championship
One successful title defense
Undefeated in Shooto (6-0)
Fight Matrix
Strawweight lineal champion (One time, former)
Longest serving lineal champion (2007-2014)

Mixed martial arts record

|-
| Win
| align=center|13–3
| Masayoshi Kato
| Decision (unanimous)
| Shooto - Torao 15: Direction of the Cage
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center|12–3
| Cristiano Pitpitunge
| Decision (split)
| PXC 46
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Manila, Philippines
|
|-
| Win
| align=center|12–2
| Kenichi Sawada
| Decision (unanimous)
| Grabaka Live! 3
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center|11–2
| Robin Catalan
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| PXC 38
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 3:20
| Mangilao, Guam
|
|-
| Win
| align=center|10–2
| Takuya Eizumi
| Decision (unanimous)
| Grabaka Live 2
|
| align=center|2
| align=center|5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center|9–2
| Ryota Uozumi
| Decision (unanimous)
| Grabaka Live - 1st Cage Attack
|
| align=center|2
| align=center|5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center|8–2
| Hiroyuki Abe
| TKO (doctor stoppage)
| Shooto: The Way of Shooto 4: Like a Tiger, Like a Dragon
|
| align=center|1
| align=center|4:31
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center|7–2
| Noboru Tahara
| Decision (unanimous)
| Shooto: Revolutionary Exchanges 3
|
| align=center|3
| align=center|5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center|6–2
| Ulysses Gomez
| Decision (unanimous)
| PFC 11: All In
|
| align=center|3
| align=center|3:00
| Lemoore, California, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center|5–2
| Noboru Tahara
| Decision (unanimous)
| Shooto: Shooto Tradition 3
|
| align=center|3
| align=center|5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center|4–2
| Masaaki Sugawara
| TKO (doctor stoppage)
| Shooto: Back To Our Roots 6
|
| align=center|2
| align=center|5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center|3–2
| Takehiro Harusaki
| Decision (unanimous)
| Shooto: Battle Mix Tokyo 4
|
| align=center|3
| align=center|5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center|2–2
| Takeyasu Hirono
| Decision (unanimous)
| Deep - 7th Impact
|
| align=center|3
| align=center|5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center|1–2
| Darren Uyenoyama
| Decision (unanimous)
| Deep - 5th Impact
|
| align=center|3
| align=center|5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center|1–1
| Mitsuhisa Sunabe
| Decision (majority)
| Deep - 4th Impact
|
| align=center|3
| align=center|5:00
| Nagoya, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center|1–0
| Takumi Yano
| Decision (unanimous)
| Deep - 3rd Impact
|
| align=center|3
| align=center|5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|

Muay Thai record

|- bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2001-11-11 || Win ||align=left| Khunchailek Chaoraiaoi || Omnoi Stadium || Samut Sakhon, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2001-03-16 || Win ||align=left| Ken Yasukawa|| AJKF "CROSS FIRE-I" || Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan || KO || 1 || 2:12
|- bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2001-02-16 || Win ||align=left| Philipe de Silva || AJKF "Be Wild" || Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan || KO (head kick) || 1 || 2:00
|- bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2000-11-01 || Win ||align=left| Susumu Daiguji || K-1 J-MAX 2000 || Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan || Decision (unanimous) || 5 || 3:00
|- bgcolor="#fbb"
| 2000-07-08 || Loss||align=left| Sueahuallek Chor Sophipong || Omnoi Stadium || Samut Sakhon, Thailand || Decision ||5 ||3:00

|- bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 1999-08-07 || Win ||align=left| Lookdod Sor.Thammarangsri || Omnoi Stadium || Samut Sakhon, Thailand || KO (High kick) || 1 ||

|- bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 1999-05-14 || Win ||align=left| Genki Yamaguchi || MAJKF "The 2nd Kajiwara Ikki Cup'99 Kick Guts" || Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan || Decision (unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
|- bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 1998-12-26 || Win ||align=left| Rabbit Seki || MAJKF || Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan || KO (knees) || 1 || 2:46
|- bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 1998-11-14 || Win ||align=left| Joe Tsuchiya || "Ground Zero Tokyo" ||  || KO (right hook) || 1 || 2:59
|- bgcolor="#fbb"
| 1998-06-27 || Loss||align=left| Nichao Ptechsamai || Omnoi Stadium || Samut Sakhon, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1998- || Win||align=left| Houysailek Sor.Suwanpakdee|| Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#fbb"
| 1997-07-05 || Loss ||align=left| Chondan Technodusit || Omnoi Stadium || Samut Sakhon, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#fbb"
| 1997-02-01 || Loss ||align=left| Kamel Jemel ||  Le Choc Des Champions || Gagny, France || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1995- || Win||align=left| Omar Moussadak ||  || Thailand || TKO (retirement)|| 3 ||
|-  style="background:#fbb;"
| ? || Loss ||align=left| Toto Por.Pongsawang || Omnoi Stadium || Thailand || KO (Left Elbow)|| 2||
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1995-02-16 || Win||align=left| Chakphet Kiatchaiyong|| Omnoi Stadium || Samut Sakhon, Thailand || KO || 2 ||
|- bgcolor="#fbb"
| 1994-12-13 || Loss||align=left| Chiangrung Kor Narongsak ||  || Samut Songkhram, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1994-11-26 || Win||align=left| Chiangrung Kor.Narongsak|| Omnoi Stadium || Samut Sakhon, Thailand || Decision ||  5|| 3:00
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1994-10- || Win||align=left| Yomio Hyundai|| || Chiang Rai, Thailand || Decision ||  5|| 3:00
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1994-10- || Win||align=left| Kobayashi (YamagiGym)||  || Nongkhai, Thailand || KO (High kick)|| 3 ||
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1994-09-30 || Win||align=left| Samandej Lookmongkwan || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || KO (Uppercuts)|| 2 ||
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1994-09-06 || Win||align=left| Mondam Sor Nayai-Nam || Omnoi Stadium || Samut Sakhon, Thailand || KO (Uppercut)|| 1 ||0:29
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1994-08-20 || Win||align=left| Sakbanlue Sakcharuporn|| Omnoi Stadium || Samut Sakhon, Thailand || Decision ||  5|| 3:00
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1994-08-05 || Win||align=left| Chakphet Kiatchaiyong|| Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || KO (Punches)|| 2 ||
|- bgcolor="#c5d2ea"
| 1994-07-18 || Draw||align=left| Sakbanlue Sakcharuporn|| Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision ||  5|| 3:00
 |- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1994-06- || Win||align=left| Samandej Lookmongkwan || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || KO || 2 ||
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1994-05- || Win||align=left| Pichitchai Kiatpraphat || Omnoi Stadium || Samut Sakhon, Thailand || KO || 2 ||
|- bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 1994-04-13|| Win ||align=left| Jimmy || || Chiang Mai province, Thailand || Decision  || 5 || 3:00
|- bgcolor="#fbb"
| 1994-03-26 || Loss||align=left| Jompadet Singkiri || Omnoi Stadium || Samut Sakhon, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1994- || Win||align=left| Seua Or.Ukrit ||  Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision ||  5|| 3:00
|- bgcolor="#fbb"
| 1993-12-09 || Loss||align=left| Kompayak Sit Kru Od ||  || Chonburi, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1993-11-21 || Win||align=left| Thao Khammanoon||  || Vientiane, Laos || TKO || 2 ||
|- bgcolor="#fbb"
| 1993-10-09 || Loss||align=left| Jaruad Manwood || Omnoi Stadium || Samut Sakhon, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 1993-04-02 || Win ||align=left| Malaithong Sakthewan || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- bgcolor="#fbb"
| 1993-03-05 || Loss||align=left| Malaithong Sakthewan || Omnoi Stadium || Samut Sakhon, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 1993- || Win ||align=left| Aodnoi Galaxy || Omnoi Stadium || Samut Sakhon, Thailand || KO (Left Hook) || 5 ||
|-  style="background:#fbb;"
| 1992-12-08 || Loss ||align=left| Mondam Sor.Nayayarm || Lumpinee Stadium || Thailand || KO (Punches)|| 2||
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1992-11-17 || Win||align=left| Jomtabnoi Sitkruod ||Lumpinee Stadium|| Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#fbb"
| 1992-07-28|| Loss||align=left| Jomruthbek Rattanachot || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1992-07-10 || Win||align=left| Sornsuriya Sor Badin ||Lumpinee Stadium|| Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1992-05-26 || Win||align=left| Denthaksin Sor.Suwanpakdee || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || TKO (Punches) || ||
|- bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 1992-04-10 || Win ||align=left| Chalong Silpakorn || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || KO (High kick) || 3 ||
|- bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 1991-11-08 || Win ||align=left| Yodkaen Ploysakda|| Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || KO  || 1 ||
|- bgcolor="#fbb"
| 1991-09-06|| Loss||align=left| Jomruthbek Rattanachot || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#fbb"
| 1991-07- || Loss||align=left| Nungthoranee Pëtchyindee || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1991-07-09 || Win||align=left| Wanlop Sitpayak || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || KO (Punches)|| 2 ||
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1991-02-16 || Win||align=left| Chiangrung Kor.Narongsak || || Pattaya, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#fbb"
| 1991-01-28 || Loss||align=left| Chuchai Kiatchaning || Rajadamnern Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand ||KO (Uppercut)|| 1 ||
|- bgcolor=""
| 1990-12-31 || ||align=left| Chuchai Kiatchaning || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || ||  ||
|- bgcolor="#fbb"
| 1990-11-23 || Loss||align=left| Chuchai Kiatchaning || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1990-11-06 || Win||align=left| Denthaksin Sor.Suwanpakdee || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 1990-08-28 || Loss ||align=left| Saenklai Sit Kru Od || Lumpinee Stadium ||  Bangkok, Thailand  || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- bgcolor=""
| 1990-06-26 || ||align=left| Sornsuriya Sor.Singsuriya || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || ||  ||
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1990-05-11 || Win||align=left| Bebi Chor Jinsakul || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1989-07-22 || Win||align=left| Hongthong Phetsriracha ||  || Chonburi, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- bgcolor="#fbb"
| 1989-01-03 || Loss||align=left| Hongthong Phetsriracha || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|-
| colspan=9 | Legend:

Submission grappling record

References

External links

Living people
1974 births
Flyweight kickboxers
Rambaa Somdet
Muay Thai trainers
Strawweight mixed martial artists
Flyweight mixed martial artists
Mixed martial artists utilizing Muay Thai
Rambaa Somdet
Thai expatriates in Japan
Rambaa Somdet


The Tree That Remembers is a 2002 animated documentary by Iranian filmmaker Masoud Raouf, exploring the lives of former political prisoners like himself who had been active in the democratic movement during the days of the Shah of Iran, only to face imprisonment and torture under the Islamic regime after the 1979 Iranian revolution.

Produced by the National Film Board of Canada, awards for the film included the Silver Award for Best Canadian Documentary at Hot Docs, as well as a Golden Sheaf Award for Best Social Documentary at the Yorkton Film Festival.

References

External links
Film Web site
Watch The Tree That Remembers at NFB.ca

2002 films
Canadian animated documentary films
National Film Board of Canada documentaries
Quebec films
Canadian animated feature films
Documentary films about historical events
Torture in Iran
Documentary films about refugees
Films about Iranian Canadians
Documentary films about Iran
2002 documentary films
Human rights abuses in Iran
Documentary films about human rights
2000s English-language films
2000s Canadian films
English-language documentary films


SPEP may refer to:
Serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP or SPE)
Society for Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy
Puerto Esperanza Airport (ICAO: SPEP)


Courter may refer to:

Courter, Indiana, an unincorporated town
Amy Courter, former National Commander of the Civil Air Patrol
Gay Courter, American film writer, author, and novelist.
Jim Courter, American politician


Meyuns is the second most populous city in the tiny Pacific island nation of Palau, with a population of approximately 1,000. Meyuns is comparable in population to Palau's third largest city, Airai. It is located in the State of Koror, where the nation's largest city, also called Koror, is located. Other than Koror, Meyuns is the only sizable town in the state of Koror. Unlike the city of Koror, Meyuns is on Ngerekebesang Island, along with the towns of Ngerekebesang and Echang, although Meyuns is the only town that is incorporated on the island. It is linked by a causeway to Oreor Island, where the city of Koror is situated. Meyuns is the location of Belau National Hospital, the largest hospital in the country.

Education
The Ministry of Education operates public schools.

Meyuns Elementary School was built circa 1969 and expanded in 1973. It was established since Typhoon Sally destroyed Koror Elementary School in Koror, where Meyuns students previously attended. The Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands administration was previously uninterested in building a school in Melyuns.

Palau High School in Koror is the country's only public high school, so children from this community go there.

References

Populated places in Palau
Koror


The Battle of Connor was fought on 10 September 1315, in the townland of Tannybrake just over a mile north of what is now the modern village of Connor, County Antrim. It was part of the Bruce campaign in Ireland.

Background

Edward Bruce landed in Larne, in modern-day County Antrim, on 26 May 1315. In early June, Donall Ó Néill of Tyrone and some twelve fellow northern Kings and lords met Edward Bruce at Carrickfergus and swore fealty to him as King of Ireland. Edward held the town of Carrickfergus, but was unable to take the Castle. His army continued to spread south, through the Moyry Pass to take Dundalk.

Prelude
Outside the town of Dundalk, Bruce encountered an army led by John FitzThomas FitzGerald, 4th Lord of Offaly, his son-in-law Edmund Butler, Earl of Carrick and Maurice FitzGerald, 4th Baron Desmond. The Scottish pushed them back towards Dundalk and on 29 June lay waste to the town and its inhabitants.

By 22 July Edmund Butler, the Justicier in Dublin, assembled an army from Munster and Leinster to join Richard Óg de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster to fight Bruce. De Burgh refused to let the government troop into Ulster, fearing widespread damage to his land. Bruce was able to exploit their dispute and defeat them separately.

Battle
Bruce slowly retreated north, drawing de Burgh in pursuit. Bruce and his O’Neill allies sacked Coleraine, destroying the bridge over the River Bann to delay pursuit. Edward sent word to Fedlimd Ó Conchobair that he would support his position as king in Connacht if he would withdraw. He sent the same message to rival claimant Ruaidri mac Cathal Ua Conchobair. Cathal immediately returned home, raised a rebellion and declared himself king. De Burgh's Connacht allies under Felim then followed as Felim left to defend his throne. Edward's force then crossed the Bann in boats, and attacked. The Earl of Ulster withdrew to Connor.

The armies met in Connor on 10 September 1315. The superior force of Bruce and his Irish allies defeated the depleted Ulster forces. The capture of Connor permitted Bruce to re-supply his army for the coming winter from the stores the Earl of Ulster had assembled at Connor. Earl's cousin, William de Burgh, was captured, as well as other lords and their heirs. Most of his army retreated to the Castle of Carrickfergus, which the pursuing Scots put under siege. The Earl of Ulster managed to return to Connaught.

Aftermath
The government forces under Butler did not engage Bruce, allowing him to consolidate his hold in Ulster. His occupation of Ulster encouraged risings in Meath and Connacht, further weakening de Burgh. Despite this, and another Scottish/Irish victory at the Battle of Skerries, the campaign was to be defeated at the Battle of Faughart.

References

Military history of Ireland
Battles involving Ireland
1315 in Ireland
Conflicts in 1315
Military history of County Antrim
Battles involving Scotland
Battles of the Middle Ages
Battles of the Wars of Scottish Independence
Battles involving England


Jacob J. Staub is a rabbi, author and poet. In 1977 he was ordained as a rabbi at the Reconstructionist Rabbinical College. He was Academic Dean of the College from 1989 to 2004, and the editor of the Reconstructionist magazine from 1983 to 1989. In 2009 he was Professor of Jewish Philosophy and Spirituality and Chair of the Department of Medieval Jewish Civilization at the Reconstructionist Rabbinic College. In 1998, he founded at RRC the first program in Jewish Spiritual Direction at a rabbinical seminary, and he continues to direct it. He has written two books on Gersonides' philosophy of creation and Reconstructionist Judaism. He has written essays on Mordecai Kaplan's thought.

Education and early life
Staub received an undergraduate degree from the State University of New York at Old Westbury and a doctorate in religion/religious studies from Temple University in 1980.

Bibliography
 The Creation of the World According to Gersonides (Brown Judaic Studies, 1982)
 Exploring Judaism, A Reconstructionist Approach (Reconstructionist Press, 2000), with Rebecca T. Alpert
 Kaplan and Process Theology, Goldsmith, E.S,  , M and Seltzer, R.M. (eds.),The American Judaism of Mordecai M. Kaplan, (New York University Press, 1990.)

References

 www.rrc.edu/site/c.iqLPIWOEKrF/b.1778709/k.9A21/Jacob_J_Staub_PhD.htm
 www.forward.com/authors/jacob-j-staub/

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American Reconstructionist rabbis
State University of New York at Old Westbury alumni
Temple University alumni
Reconstructionist Rabbinical College faculty
American male poets
Jewish American writers
20th-century American rabbis
21st-century American rabbis


Seattle University College of Arts and Sciences in Seattle, Washington, is the oldest undergraduate and graduate college affiliated with Seattle University. The College offers over 50 undergraduates majors, 37 undergraduates minors, 7 graduate degrees, and 3 post-graduate certificates to more than 2,000 students.

Location
Seattle University's  campus is located in the First Hill area of Seattle.

Casey Building
Home to the College of Arts and Sciences, the Casey Building is a five story building housing the college's administrative offices and a majority of the undergraduate and graduate departments. It features multiple meeting and conference rooms, the office of the Dean, and a five-floor glass atrium overlooking the gardens hidden behind the building.

Fine Arts Building
Overlooking the largest open lawn on the Seattle University campus, the Fine Arts Building houses the classrooms, administrative offices of the Art and Art History Department and the Performing Arts and Arts Leadership Department, as well as the department's Vachon Room: an open  performance space used for rehearsals, exhibits, live theater and other events of artistic expression. Adjacent to the Fine Arts Building, the recently remodeled Hunthaussen Hall also contains several learning spaces, a design studio and digital art lab.

Jeanne Marie & Rhoady Lee Center for the Arts
Seattle University opened The Jeanne Marie & Rhoady Lee Center on February 14, 2006. A performance and exhibition space on the corner of Twelfth Avenue and East Marion Street, the facility was designed for use by Seattle University students, Seattle artists, and the wider community.

The Center for the Arts houses a 150-seat flexible theater designed for drama, dance, and ensemble music. It also houses The Hedreen Gallery, a lobby art gallery for the public display of visual art by students and visiting artists visible through over  of plate glass windows along Twelfth Avenue. The Center also includes a scene shop, costume shop, prop room, green room, dressing room, and ticket booth.

Designed in conjunction with the managing and artistic directors of local theater and dance companies as well as with Seattle University faculty, the performance space is usable by a wide variety of visiting artists and resident companies. Both stage and seating are mobile and removable. The theater is equipped with lighting and sound technology operated from an elevated control booth. The exterior decor coordinates with the surrounding campus, while the lobby art gallery along Twelfth Avenue is another feature.

References

External links
 Seattle University College of Arts and Sciences

Seattle University colleges and schools
Jesuit universities and colleges in the United States
Catholic universities and colleges in Washington (state)
Universities and colleges in Seattle
Educational institutions established in 1891
1891 establishments in Washington (state)
Liberal arts colleges at universities in the United States


Andrea Foulkes is a British past life regression therapist who is a co-host of Have I Been Here Before?, an ITV daytime television show. In the show celebrities are led by Foulkes to re-experience their past lives.

She was born in Stoke-on-Trent and grew up in Hough. She worked at a salon in Nantwich, before becoming a fashion model, and living in Milan and then London. She modelled frequently on the shopping channel QVC and appeared in numerous commercials.

After attending mediumistic sessions, she claims to have discovered her intuitive and healing abilities. She was violently mugged outside her flat, and later said this experience was a trigger that caused her to give up modelling and focus on the 'inner world' of spirituality. In 2003 she appeared on Kilroy to speak about her experiences.

She appeared on the television show This Morning for a year before the start of Have I Been here Before?  Celebrities such as John Barrowman, David Seaman, and Jennie Bond appeared on the show, and Foulkes told them they had lived previous lives as a circus clown, Richard the Lionheart, and a destitute girl.

On 22 September 2009, she founded the 'World Peace Meditation Day', and was given an award by the Women's Federation for World Peace.

.

References

External links
Official website

English psychotherapists
1970 births
Living people
People from Stoke-on-Trent
People from Nantwich


Philip Collier (December 7, 1925 – February 24, 2001) was a sportswriter who worked in the San Diego area for many years. Along with sports editor Jack Murphy, he was instrumental in bringing Major League Baseball to the city in the form of the expansion team San Diego Padres.

Born in Stanton, Texas, Collier began his career as a sportswriter in Baytown, Texas in 1939. After military service, he attended Texas Christian University and, between classes, worked at the Fort Worth Star-Telegram.

In 1953, Collier joined the San Diego Union where he covered the  San Diego Padres of the Pacific Coast League until the Brooklyn Dodgers moved to Los Angeles in 1958. For the next decade, he covered both Dodgers and Los Angeles Angels games for the Union.

Collier was the sportswriter who Sandy Koufax first told about his decision to retire, during the 1965 season. Koufax, who was close friends with Collier, told him that 1966 would be his final season and requested he keep the news confidential; he called the day before annoucing his retirement in a press conference so that Collier could break the story.

When San Diego was awarded the expansion San Diego Padres in 1969, Collier began covering the team, which he would do for 18 seasons. In 1987, he became the national baseball columnist for the Union. He continued to write for the Union-Tribune after its merger with the San Diego Tribune in 1992. He retired from the paper in 1996.

He was awarded the J. G. Taylor Spink Award by the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1990.

Collier died in San Diego, California of prostate cancer. He was survived by his wife Ruth, four children, and four stepchildren.

References

External links
Phil Collier - 1990 J. G. Taylor Spink Award winner at the Baseball Hall of Fame

1925 births
2001 deaths
20th-century American journalists
American sportswriters
Baseball writers
BBWAA Career Excellence Award recipients
Deaths from prostate cancer
Deaths from cancer in California
People from Stanton, Texas
People from San Diego
Sportswriters from California
Sportswriters from Texas


Roni Griffith is an American former 1980s disco musician and model from Bloomington, Indiana.

Career
She was one of the original Coconuts in the popular 1980s group Kid Creole and the Coconuts. They opened up for The B-52's, Huey Lewis and the News and appeared on Saturday Night Live in 1981. Finding success as a musician the same year she appeared on SNL with Kid Creole and the Coconuts, Griffith decided to go solo, signing a recording contract with Vanguard Records and producer, Bobby Orlando. By the end of 1982 she had a platinum and gold record for her hits "(The Best Part of) Breakin' Up" and "Desire". "(The Best Part of) Breakin' Up" reached #63 in the UK Singles Chart in July 1984. In addition, she was also featured in the first national Clairol commercial shot in 35 mm film for Nice 'n Easy.

She resided in New York from the age of 19 until she was 23 years old, finding an amount of success within a short period of time. On the eve of her first music video and her launch on the new music media outlet MTV, Griffith decided to walk away from everything based on her morals and values as a Christian in the secular music industry.

In 1983, Griffith pursued a career as a Christian Contemporary artist. She appeared on The 700 Club and was also featured numerous times in her hometown newspaper, The Herald Times. In 2004, she released her second Christian Contemporary album, entitled Only You.

After giving up her fame in the secular music industry and becoming a Christian Contemporary artist, in 1994 Griffith became a professional photographer, opening up her talent production company 'Integrity Productions'. Griffith has been working as one of Indiana's most renowned photographers for over 10 years. She has worked with many companies in Indiana such as the Boy Scouts of America, the Helen Wells Agency in addition to celebrity clients.

Discography

Albums
Roni Griffith (1982)
Only You (2004)

Singles
"Mondo Man" (1980) (US Dance #36)
"Desire" (1981) (Canada #34 / Germany #17 / Switzerland #2 / US Dance #30)
"Voodoo Man" (1982)
"(The Best Part of) Breakin' Up" (1982) (UK #63 / US Dance #2)
"Love Is the Drug" (1982)
"Breaking My Heart" (1983) (Belgium #38)
"Dancing Machine" (1984)

References

External links
 Desire – 80's TV performance
 Roni Griffith at Discogs
 Official Music VF – Billboard Charts Positions

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American women pop singers
American hi-NRG musicians
Musicians from Bloomington, Indiana
Vanguard Records artists
American women in electronic music
21st-century American women


Stephen Thomas (22 August 1865 - 23 October 1937) was a Welsh international rugby union forward who played club rugby for Llanelli and Gowerton. Thomas played for Wales on three occasions during the 1890 and 1891 Home Nations Championships.

Rugby career
Thomas was first capped for Wales while playing with Llanelli. He was selected to play in the opening game of the 1890 Home Nations Championship in a home game against Scotland. Thomas was one of five new caps, but is recorded as the 100th player to play for Wales due his surname's position alphabetically. Under the captaincy of Frank Hill, Wales lost the game 5-1, but Thomas was reselected for the next game away to England, along with Llanelli team-mate Percy Lloyd. The England game was an historic victory, which saw Wales beat their old adversary for the first time, thanks to a single try from William Stadden. Thomas didn't play in the final game of the tournament, his place taken by London Welsh's Rowley Thomas. Thomas played one final game for Wales, the final game of the 1891 Championship which saw the selectors shake up the Welsh pack, bringing in four new caps and Thomas in replacement for William Bowen. The game was played at the Llanelli home-ground Stradey Park, with the Welsh captained by Willie Thomas; the game ended in a narrow win for Wales.

International matches played
Wales
 1890
 1890
 1891

Bibliography

References

Welsh rugby union players
Wales international rugby union players
Rugby union forwards
Llanelli RFC players
Gowerton RFC players
1865 births
1937 deaths
Rugby union players from Carmarthenshire
Rugby union players from Kidwelly


Prp24 (precursor RNA processing, gene 24) is a protein part of the pre-messenger RNA splicing process and aids the binding of U6 snRNA to U4 snRNA during the formation of spliceosomes. Found in eukaryotes from yeast to E. coli, fungi, and humans, Prp24 was initially discovered to be an important element of RNA splicing in 1989.  Mutations in Prp24 were later discovered in 1991 to suppress mutations in U4 that resulted in cold-sensitive strains of yeast, indicating its involvement in the reformation of the U4/U6 duplex after the catalytic steps of splicing.

Biological Role
The process of spliceosome formation involves the U4 and U6 snRNPs associating and forming a di-snRNP in the cell nucleus. This di-snRNP then recruits another member (U5) to become a tri-snRNP. U6 must then dissociate from U4 to bond with U2 and become catalytically active. Once splicing has been done, U6 must dissociate from the spliceosome and bond back with U4 to restart the cycle.

Prp24 has been shown to promote the binding of U4 and U6 snRNPs. Removing Prp24 results in the accumulation of free U4 and U6, and the subsequent addition of Prp24 regenerates U4/U6 and reduces the amount of free U4 and U6. Naked U6 snRNA is very compact and has little room to form base pairs with other RNA. However, when U6 snRNP associates with proteins such as Prp24, the structure is much more open, thus facilitating the binding to U4.  Prp24 is not present in the U6/U4 duplex itself, and it has been suggested that Prp24 must leave the complex in order for proper base pairs to be formed. It has also been suggested that Prp24 may play a role in destabilizing U4/U6 in order for U6 to pair bases with U2.

Structure

Prp24 has a molecular weight of 50 kDa and has been shown to contain four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) and a conserved 12-amino acid sequence at the C-terminus. RRMs 1 and 2 have been shown to be important for high-affinity binding of U6, while RRMs 3 and 4 bind at lower affinity sites on U6.  The first three RRMs interact extensively with each other and contain canonical folds that contain a four-stranded beta-sheet and two alpha-helices. The electropositive surface of RRMs 1 and 2 is a RNA annealing domain while the cleft between RRMs 1 and 2 including the beta-sheet face of RRM2 is a sequence-specific RNA binding site. The C-terminal motif is required for association with LSm proteins and contributes to substrate (U6) binding and not the catalytic rate of splicing.

Interactions
Prp24 interacts with the U6 snRNA via its RRMs. It has been shown through chemical modification testing that nucleotides 39–57 of U6 (40–43 in particular) are involved in binding Prp24.

The LSm proteins are in a consistent configuration on the U6 RNA.  It has been proposed that the LSm proteins and Prp24 interact both physically and functionally and the C-terminal motif of Prp24 is important for this interaction. The binding of Prp24 to U6 is enhanced by the binding of Lsm proteins to U6, as is binding of U4 and U6. It was revealed by electron microscopy that Prp24 may interact with the LSm protein ring at LSm2.

Homologs
Prp24 has a human homolog, SART3. SART3 is a tumor rejection antigen (SART3 stands for "squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells, gene 3). The RRMs 1 and 2 in yeast are similar to RRMs in human SART3. The C-terminal domain is also highly conserved from yeast to humans.  This protein, like Prp24, interacts with the LSm proteins for the recycling of U6 into the U4/U6 snRNP. It has been proposed that SART3 target U6 to a Cajal body or a nuclear inclusion as the site of assembly of the U4/U6 snRNP. SART3 is located on chromosome 12, and a mutation is likely the cause of disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis.

References

External links
Biological Sciences at Lancaster University Explanation of pre-mRNA splicing

Gene expression
Molecular biology
Molecular genetics
Spliceosome


In mathematics, Pieri's formula, named after Mario Pieri, describes the product of a Schubert cycle by a special Schubert cycle in the Schubert calculus, or the product of a Schur polynomial by a complete symmetric function.

In terms of Schur functions sλ indexed by partitions λ, it states that

where hr is a complete homogeneous symmetric polynomial and the sum is over all partitions λ obtained from μ by adding r elements, no two in the same column.
By applying the ω involution on the ring of symmetric functions, one obtains the dual Pieri rule
for multiplying an elementary symmetric polynomial with a Schur polynomial:

The sum is now taken over all partitions λ obtained from μ by adding r elements, no two in the same row.

Pieri's formula implies Giambelli's formula. The Littlewood–Richardson rule is a generalization of Pieri's formula
giving the product of any two Schur functions. Monk's formula is an analogue of Pieri's formula for flag manifolds.

References

Symmetric functions


In the late 19th century, many Portuguese, mainly from the islands of Azores and Madeira, migrated to the United States and established communities in cities such as New Bedford, Massachusetts; and San Jose, California. Many of them also moved to Hawaii. There are an estimated 1,500,000 Portuguese Americans based on the Government Census Community Survey.

List of Portuguese American neighborhoods

Alabama
 Mobile

Arizona
 Sedona
 Tucson

California

 Artesia, "International District", known for ethnic diversity
 Bakersfield (Kern County)
 Camarillo
 Castro Valley
 Ceres
 Cherryland
 Chino
 Chowchilla
 Corona
 Culver City - Little Brazil, also has Portuguese
 Dana Point
 Delano
 Denair
 El Granada
 Empire
 Excalon
 Fairfield
 Ferndale
 Fort Bragg
 Fremont
 Fresno
 Gilroy
 Gustine
 Half Moon Bay
 Hanford
 Healdsburg
 Hilmar
 Hollister
 Keyes
 Kings County
 Lathrop
 Lemoore
 Long Beach
 Los Angeles - Little Portugal in San Pedro. Also, Pico Boulevard (Mid-City) - concentrations extend to Central Los Angeles
 Los Banos
 Manteca
 Modesto (and surrounding towns in the Central Valley)
 Monterey
 Newark
 Newman
 Newport Beach
 Norco
 Oakdale
 Oakland - largest Portuguese city in California
 Oakley
 Ontario
 Orange County (esp. around Tustin)
 Orland
 Pasadena
 Petaluma
 Pismo Beach
 Point Loma
 Port Hueneme
 Porterville (and surrounding towns in the Central Valley)
 Portuguese Bend on the Palos Verdes Peninsula
 Redondo Beach
 Rio Vista
 Ripon
 Riverside -  has a Portugal Day event
 Sacramento - could be largest Portuguese community in US
 Salida
 Salinas near Salinas Valley
 San Diego including the Little Italy neighborhood. The surrounding San Diego area has many Portuguese.
 San Francisco - Luso-American cultural center
 San Jose - "Little Portugal" neighborhood
 San Juan Bautista
 San Leandro, city near Oakland with a large Portuguese population.
 San Lorenzo
 San Martin
 San Mateo County
 San Pablo
 San Pedro, known as Little Portugal
 Santa Barbara
 Santa Clara in the Lafayette Street area
 Santa Clara County
 Santa Cruz in the Seabright neighborhood
 Santa Cruz County
 Santa Maria
 Santa Monica
 Shasta Lake
 Sonora
 Stockton
 Sunol
 Torrance
 Tracy
 Tulare
 Turlock
 Vallejo
 Ventura
 Visalia - part of the Portuguese settlement of the San Joaquin Valley
 Watsonville
 West Los Angeles - Little Portugal has Portuguese, more Brazilians and Latin Americans
 Yuba City

Connecticut

 Ansonia
 Bozrah
 Bridgeport
 Chester
 Clinton
 Colchester
 Danbury ("Little Portugal" neighborhood)
 Darien
 Ellington
 Hartford
 Naugatuck
 New Canaan
 Newington
 Rocky Hill
 Stonington
 Wallingford
 Waterbury, home to the Portuguese consulate in Connecticut
 Weston
 Windsor Locks

Delaware

 Bethany Beach
 Dover
 Lewes
 New Castle
 Newark
 Rehoboth Beach
 Seaford
 Smyrna
 Wilmington

District of Columbia
 Washington, D.C.

Florida

 Apalachicola
 Avon Park
 Belle Glade
 Blountstown
 Boca Raton
 Bonifay
 Bradenton
 Brooksville
 Cape Coral
 Casselberry
 Cedar Key
 Chattahoochee
 Chiefland
 Clermont
 Clewiston
 Cocoa
 Crescent City
 Crystal River
 Dade City
 Davie
 DeBary
 Deltona
 Doral
 Everglades City
 Fellsmere
 Fernandina Beach
 Fort Myers
 Fort Walton Beach
 Gulf Breeze
 Haines City
 Hallandale Beach
 High Springs
 Highland Beach
 Holmes Beach
 Homestead
 Jacksonville Beach
 Lady Lake
 Lake City
 Lake Wales
 Lakeland
 Lantana
 Lauderdale Lakes
 Lighthouse Point
 Longboat Key
 Marco Island
 Margate
 Miami - includes Brazilians and Cape Verdeans
 Milton
 Miramar
 Monticello
 Moore Have
 New Smyrna Beach
 Niceville
 North Lauderdale
 Oakland Park
 Okeechobee
 Orlando
 Palatka
 Palm Bay
 Palm Beach
 Palm Beach Gardens
 Palm Coast
 Palmetto Bay
 Panama City Beach
 Parkland
 Pensacola
 Pinecrest
 Plant City
 Plantation
 Pompano Beach
 Port Orange
 Port St. Lucie
 Punta Gorda
 Safety Harbor
 San Antonio
 Sanford
 Sarasota
 Southwest Ranches
 St. Augustine
 St. Petersburg
 Stuart
 Sunny Isles Beach
 Sunrise
 Tallahassee
 Tamarac
 Temple Terrace
 Tequesta
 Titusville
 Venice
 West Park
 Weston
 Wilton Manors
 Winter Garden
 Winter Haven
 Zephyrhills

Georgia

 Acworth
 Americus
 Atlanta
 Augusta
 Bainbridge
 Blairsville
 Canton
 Clarkesville
 Clayton
 Cleveland
 Columbus
 Cumming
 Cuthbert
 Dawsonville
 Decatur
 Donalsonville
 Dublin
 Ellijay
 Fayetteville
 Fitzgerald
 Flowery Branch
 Folkston
 Hartwell
 Jasper
 Johns Creek
 Jonesboro
 Kennesaw
 LaGrange
 Lithonia
 Loganville
 Lookout Mountain
 Macon
 Milledgeville
 Monroe
 Newnan
 Norcross
 Peachtree City
 Peachtree Corners
 Ray City
 Savannah
 Smyrna
 Stone Mountain
 Thomaston
 Thomson
 Tifton
 Toccoa
 Tybee Island
 Valdosta
 Winder

Hawaii

 Ewa Beach
 Haleiwa
 Hawaii (Big Island)
 Hilo
 Honokaa
 Honolulu
 Kahului
 Kailua
 Kalaheo
 Kaneohe
 Kapaa
 Kapaau
 Kauai
 Kekaha
 Koloa
 Lihue
 Makawao
 Maui
 Molokai
 Naalehu
 Paia
 Waialua
 Waianae
 Wailuku
 Waimanalo
 Waimea

Idaho
 Buhl
 Wendell

Illinois
 Chicago - Little Portugal/Brazil
 Galena
 Jacksonville
 Joliet
 Mendota
 Springfield

Indiana
 East Chicago

Louisiana
 New Orleans
 Opelousas

Maine

 Augusta
 Bangor
 Bar Harbor
 Boothbay Harbor
 Brewer
 Bucksport
 Calais
 Cape Elizabeth
 Caribou
 Castine
 Cherryfield
 Danforth
 Dover-Foxcroft
 Fort Fairfield
 Freeport
 Frenchville
 Gorham
 Houlton
 Islesboro
 Jay
 Kittery
 Lewiston
 Lyman
 Machias
 Madawaska
 Mechanic Falls
 Ogunquit
 Presque Isle
 Rumford
 Saco
 Sanford
 Skowhegan
 South Berwick
 Stonington
 Van Buren
 Waterville
 Windham
 Yarmouth

Maryland

 Aberdeen
 Annapolis
 Bowie
 Cambridge
 Centreville
 Cheverly
 Clear Spring
 College Park
 Easton
 Elkton
 Emmitsburg
 Frostburg
 Gaithersburg
 Greenbelt
 Hagerstown
 Hancock
 Hyattsville
 La Plata
 Laurel
 Middletown
 Ocean City
 Poolesville
 Salisbury
 Thurmont
 Upper Marlboro
 Walkersville
 Westminster

Massachusetts

 Amherst
 Athol
 Attleboro
 Blackstone
 Bridgewater
 Brockton
 Cambridge
 Chicopee
 Fall River
 Falmouth
 Fitchburg
 Framingham
 Gloucester
 Hanover
 Haverhill
 Hudson
 Lawrence
 Lowell, Back Central neighborhood
 Ludlow
 Milford
 Nantucket
 New Bedford
 Norwood
 Oak Bluffs
 Paxton
 Peabody
 Pittsfield
 Plainville
 Provincetown, Massachusetts
 Rehoboth
 Somerville
 Southbridge
 Stoughton
 Taunton, 33.7% Portuguese descent
 Wellfleet
 West Stockbridge
 Williamstown
 Winchendon
 Woburn

Michigan
 Jackson
 Traverse City

Minnesota
 St. Cloud

Montana
 Bozeman

Nebraska
 Lincoln

Nevada
 Las Vegas
 Reno - along with Galicians, Spanish and Basques

New Hampshire

 Bedford
 Berlin
 Bristol
 Claremont
 Colebrook
 Concord
 Derry
 Enfield
 Exeter
 Farmington
 Franconia
 Gorham
 Jaffrey
 Keene
 Lancaster
 Lebanon
 Lincoln
 Litchfield
 Littleton
 Meredith
 Merrimack
 New London
 Newmarket
 Newport
 Pittsfield
 Plymouth
 Seabrook
 Somersworth

New Jersey

 East Newark
 Elizabeth
 Englewood Cliffs
 Harrison
 Hillside
 Kearny
 Livingston
 Long Branch
 New Brunswick
 New Providence
 Newark, high percentage of Portuguese people within the Ironbound section
 Little Portugal, aka Little Brazil - home to many Portuguese and Brazilians, as well Spaniards and Latinos
 North Arlington
 Ocean County
 Old Bridge
 Paterson - Portuguese, Cape Verdean and Brazilian
 Perth Amboy
 Short Hills
 South Amboy
 South River
 Union Township
 Vernon Township

New York

 Buffalo
 Dobbs Ferry
 Ithaca
 Long Island
 Manhattan
 Mineola
 Mount
Vernon
 Nassau County
 New Rochelle
 New York City (Little Brazil, Manhattan, inhabited by many Portuguese-speaking countries' communities, mainly Portuguese and Brazilian)
 Ossining
 Port Jervis
 Rochester
 Saratoga Springs
 Suffolk County
 Tarrytown
 Yonkers

North Carolina

 Albemarle
 Asheboro
 Brevard
 Burnsville
 Chapel Hill
 Edenton
 Fayetteville
 Forest City
 Goldsboro
 Greenville
 Hamlet
 Hayesville
 Hendersonville
 Hickory
 High Point
 Hillsborough
 Huntersville
 Jacksonville
 Jefferson
 Kannapolis
 Kings Mountain
 Kinston
 Laurinburg
 Lexington
 Louisburg
 Mint Hill
 Mocksville
 Morehead City
 Morganton
 Nags Head
 New Bern
 Newton
 Oriental
 Pinehurst
 Red Springs
 Reidsville
 Roanoke Rapids
 Robbinsville
 Rocky Mount
 Shallotte
 Shelby
 Southern Pines
 Statesville
 Tarboro
 Tryon
 Wake Forest
 Waynesville
 Wendell
 Williamstown
 Wilson
 Winston-Salem
 Wrightsville Beach

Ohio
 Columbus

Oregon
 Astoria

Pennsylvania

 Allentown, including Brazilians and other Latin Americans
 Bethlehem has a Portuguese community of around 5,000. Also has Spaniards and Hispanics.
 Chester
 Grove City
 Philadelphia (Little Portugal, Northeast Philadelphia, a large presence of Portuguese as well as Brazilians)
 Tinicum Township

Rhode Island

 Bristol in Portuguese Town. 25% in town, the state itself is 12% Portuguese.
 Central Falls
 Cranston
 Cumberland, particularly the Valley Falls section.
 East Providence
 Little Compton
 New Shoreham
 Newport
 Pawtucket, largest Portuguese city in New England
 Smithfield
 Tiverton
 Warren
 West Warwick

South Carolina

 Abbeville
 Aiken
 Batesburg-Leesville
 Beaufort
 Bluffton
 Blythewood
 Camden
 Clover
 Easley
 Edgefield
 Florence
 Fort Mill
 Greenwood
 Hanahan
 Hardeeville
 Hartsville
 Hilton Head Island
 Kingstree
 Lancaster
 Laurens
 Loris
 Marion
 Moncks Corner
 Newberry
 North Augusta
 North Myrtle Beach
 Pawleys Island
 Pickens
 Rock Hill
 Santee
 Sullivan's Island
 Summerton
 Summerville
 Sumter
 York

Texas
 Galveston
 Houston

Vermont

 Bennington
 Bradford
 Brattleboro
 Bridport
 Burlington
 Colchester
 Danville
 Fairfax
 Fairfield
 Hardwick
 Irasburg
 Milton
 Newport
 Northfield
 Norwich
 Pittsford
 Randolph
 Richford
 Rutland (city)
 Rutland (town)
 Springfield
 Stamford
 Stowe
 Swanton
 Wallingford
 Williston
 Wilmington
 Winooski
 Woodstock

Virginia

 Abingdon
 Appomattox
 Ashland
 Bristol
 Charlottesville
 Clifton Forge
 Covington
 Emporia
 Fairfax
 Falls Church
 Harrisonburg
 Herndon
 Jonesville
 Leesburg
 Lexington
 Manassas
 Newport News
 Purcellville
 Richmond
 Roanoke
 Rocky Mount
 Staunton
 Vienna
 Warrenton
 Waynesboro
 Williamsburg

Washington
 Seattle
 Walla Walla

West Virginia

 Berkeley Springs
 Bluefield
 Buckhannon
 Chester
 Clarksburg
 Dunbar
 Elkins
 Fairmont
 Gassaway
 Grafton
 Grantsville
 Hinton
 Huntington
 Hurricane
 Kingwood
 Marlinton
 Martinsburg
 Morgantown
 Moundsville
 New Martinsville
 Parkersburg
 Rainelle
 Ravenswood
 Romney
 Ronceverte
 Shepherdstown
 Shinnston
 Sistersville
 Summersville
 Vienna
 Webster Springs
 Weirton
 Weston
 Wheeling
 Williamson

Wisconsin
 Door County
 Kenosha

References

Portuguese neighborhoods in the United States
Portuguese-American history


Jordan Rempel (born April 20, 1985) is a former professional Canadian football offensive lineman. He played for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats and Saskatchewan Roughriders of the Canadian Football League. He was drafted by the Hamilton Tiger-Cats in the second round of the 2007 CFL Draft. He played CIS football for the Saskatchewan Huskies football team. He is currently a process operator at Mosaic Belle Plaine potash mine.

External links
Saskatchewan Roughriders bio
Hamilton Tiger-Cats bio

1985 births
Living people
Canadian football offensive linemen
Hamilton Tiger-Cats players
Players of Canadian football from Saskatchewan
Saskatchewan Huskies football players
Saskatchewan Roughriders players


"Chanter pour ceux qui sont loin de chez eux" (English: Sing for those who are far from home) is a 1985 song recorded by French singer-songwriter Michel Berger on his album Différences. It was released as a single one year later.

Lââm version
In 1998, the song was covered by French singer Lââm and was released in September 1998 as her debut single and the lead single from her album Persévérance. The song was in fact released two years before, in 1996, but passed unnoticed at the time. Lââm promoted the song singing it live in many French TV shows. In Tapis rouge, she cried a lot after her performance. The single became a number-one hit for five weeks in Belgium (Wallonia) and peaked at #2 for ten weeks in France, being unable to dislodge the hit "Belle" by Garou, Patrick Fiori and Daniel Lavoie. However, it managed to stay on the chart (top 100) for 42 weeks, becoming to date Lââm's most successful single.

Track listings
 CD single
 "Chanter pour ceux qui sont loin de chez eux" (radio edit) – 4:20
 "Chanter pour ceux qui sont loin de chez eux" (R&B mix) – 4:21
 "Laissez-moi aller au bout de mes rêves" – 4:33

Certifications

Charts

Other covers
Montserrat Caballé and Johnny Hallyday covered the song jointly in 1997 on the album Friends for Life,

Lââm accompanied by 500 Choristes sung it in a live version in 2006 on the album 500 Choristes Vol. 2.

Other notable cover versions include Chico & The Gypsies in the full title of the song and by Florent Pagny, Kids United and The Song Family in a shortened title "Chanter pour ceux".

References

1986 singles
1985 songs
Lââm songs
Ultratop 50 Singles (Wallonia) number-one singles
Songs written by Michel Berger
1998 debut singles


"Turn Your Lights Down Low" is a song by Jamaican reggae band Bob Marley and the Wailers from their 1977 album, Exodus. It is the only song on side B of the album that was not released as a single. However, a remastered version featuring Lauryn Hill (credited as Bob Marley featuring Lauryn Hill) was released in 1999. The duet was commercially successful, peaking at number one on the UK R&B Chart while topping the charts in New Zealand and Romania. It received a nomination for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals at the 43rd Grammy Awards.

Duet version

A cover/remixed version was released in October 1999, with original artist Bob Marley featuring American singer-songwriter Lauryn Hill. Hill contributes her vocals to the song as well as a rap verse. The single is taken from the compilation album Chant Down Babylon (1999), which features remixes and covers of Bob Marley songs by various modern day soul, hip-hop and rock artists. This duet became a hit in late 1999 and early 2000, reaching number one in New Zealand and Romania for two weeks. The song also reached the top 10 in the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden. In France, where it peaked at number 14, it received a Gold certification for sales exceeding 250,000 copies.

Music video
An accompanying music video to the Lauryn Hill and Bob Marley remix was directed by Francis Lawrence and released in 1999. The video takes place in Jamaica and opens with a group of Jamaican kids playing soccer. Following this, are a series of panning shots showing night life in Jamaica, and scenes where Hill is singing in a recording studio. In other scenes, Hill is shown dancing at a party with former boyfriend Rohan Marley, son of Bob Marley.

Track listings
All songs are performed by Lauryn Hill except "Turn Your Lights Down Low" (Hill and Bob Marley), "To Zion" (Hill and Carlos Santana), and the original version of "Turn Your Lights Down Low" (Bob Marley and the Wailers).

Australian CD single
 "Turn Your Lights Down Low" (album version) – 4:02
 "The Sweetest Thing" – 4:49
 "Ex-Factor" (A Simple Breakdown) – 4:10

UK CD1
 "Turn Your Lights Down Low" – 4:02
 "Forgive Them Father" – 4:29
 "To Zion" – 4:33

UK CD2
 "Turn Your Lights Down Low" – 4:02
 "Turn Your Lights Down Low" (original version) – 3:38
 "Superstar" – 4:57

UK cassette single and European CD1
 "Turn Your Lights Down Low" (album version) – 4:02
 "Turn Your Lights Down Low" (original version) – 3:38

European CD2
 "Turn Your Lights Down Low" (album version) – 4:02
 "Turn Your Lights Down Low" (original version) – 3:38
 "Forgive Them Father" – 4:29
 "To Zion" – 4:33

Japanese CD single
 "Turn Your Lights Down Low"
 "Turn Your Lights Down Low" (original version)
 "Everything Is Everything"

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

Release history

Covers
 Colbie Caillat made a cover version of this song on her 2008 album Coco.
 Megan Joy covered the song on American Idol season 8.
 Rosie Gaines covered the song on her album Closer Than Close.
 K'LA sampled the song on her 2011 first single "All Your Love".
 Anita Antoinette covered the song on The Voice (U.S. season 7)
 Jim James covered the song on Sweetheart 2014.

See also
 List of number-one singles from the 1990s (New Zealand)
 List of Romanian Top 100 number ones of the 2000s

References

Bob Marley songs
1977 songs
1999 singles
Columbia Records singles
Lauryn Hill songs
Number-one singles in New Zealand
Number-one singles in Romania
Songs written by Bob Marley


Girlsareshort was an electronic pop group from Mississauga, Ontario, formed in 1998 by Alex Puodziukas, a.k.a. Al-P, Daniel Zabawa and David Regan. Girlsareshort released the 9-track album Contact Kiss in 2002 on Hi-Hat Recordings and the 14-track album Earlynorthamerican on Upper Class Recordings in 2003. The latter album included snippets of untrained youth choirs and samples of people giggling, contributing to its theme of what Exclaim! described as an "ode to summertime bliss and childlike innocence".

PopMatters reviewed the Earlynorthamerican as "a mixed bag, an album that wants to be more than the sum of its parts".

Al-P described the band as a "weirdo" project. The style anticipated the merging of electronic music with indie rock, as happened with such bands as Broken Social Scene. BSS members have been reported to be fans of Girlsareshort.

Al-P is now in the electronic duo MSTRKRFT.

References

External links
 Upper Class Recordings – Girlsareshort

Musical groups established in 1998
Musical groups from Mississauga
Canadian electronic music groups
1998 establishments in Ontario


The Taras Shevchenko Memorial is a bronze statue and stone relief-adorned wall located on the 2200 block of P Street NW in the Dupont Circle neighborhood of Washington, D.C., United States.  It is one of many monuments in Washington, D.C. that honor foreign heroes who symbolize freedom in their native countries. Sculpted by Leo Mol, the memorial honors Taras Shevchenko (1814–1861), a Ukrainian poet and artist who influenced the development of modern Ukrainian literature.

The committee to build the memorial included former U.S. President Harry S. Truman as the honorary head.  Opposition to the memorial's installation was led by The Washington Post.  It was dedicated in 1964, the 150th anniversary of Shevchenko's birth.  Dignitaries at the dedication ceremony included prominent Ukrainian Americans, former U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, members of the U.S. Congress, and Hollywood actors.

The Taras Shevchenko Memorial and surrounding park are maintained by the National Park Service. The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023, renamed the surrounding park as Ukrainian Independence Park. The statue is one of two Ukrainian monuments in the nation's capital. The second, a memorial to the Ukrainian victims of the 1932–1933 famine, was completed in 2015.

History

Background

In addition to its numerous memorials and monuments which pay homage to famous Americans, Washington, D.C. is home to many artworks honoring foreign heroes. Examples in Dupont Circle include memorials honoring Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi of India, Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk of Czechoslovakia, and Lajos Kossuth of Hungary.  The idea of a U.S. monument honoring Shevchenko began with the American Shevchenko Society, founded in 1898.  Although the group's efforts never came to fruition, Ukrainian Americans continued to pursue the goal.  A turning point was when Professor Ivan Dubrovsky wrote an article in Svoboda titled "In Favor of a Shevchenko Monument in Washington, D.C.", asking for support from the Shevchenko Scientific Society and Ukrainian Congress Committee of America (UCCA).  Thousands of Ukrainian Americans sent letters to members of Congress while Lev Dobriansky, a Ukrainian American economist and anti-communism activist, became a prominent advocate and lobbyist for erecting a monument honoring Shevchenko.  The activists eventually gained the support of Senator Jacob K. Javits of New York and Representative Alvin Morell Bentley of Michigan.  Javits said "Taras Shevchenko was a bard of freedom...It is fitting that the statue of such a national hero, who taught the American ideals of patriotism and service to man, should stand in the capital of the U.S." and Bentley stated, "In erecting a statue of Taras Shevchenko in Washington the United States will give full expression to its understanding and appreciation of Taras Shevchenko and all that he means to the brave and noble Ukrainian people."

In April 1960, while a bill authorizing the erection of the statue was circulating through the House of Representatives, officials from the National Park Service and Interior Department lodged a complaint to the House Administration committee about the number of monuments being built in Washington, D.C.  The bill was subsequently postponed.  The resolution was later unanimously approved by the House of Representatives in June followed by the Senate in August.  On September 13, 1960, U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed Public Law 86-749, authorizing the erection of the Shevchenko monument.  The resolution stated in part:

Whereas throughout Eastern Europe, in the last century and this, the name and works of Taras Shevchenko brilliantly reflected the aspirations of man for personal liberty and national independence; and
Whereas Shevchenko, the poet laureate of Ukraine, was greatly inspired by our great American tradition to fight against the imperialist and colonial occupation of his native land; and
Whereas in many parts of the free world observances of the Shevchenko centennial will be held during 1961 in honor of this immortal champion of liberty; and
Whereas in our moral capacity as free men in an independent Nation it behooves us to symbolize tangibly the inseparable spiritual ties bound in the writings of Shevchenko between our country and the forty million Ukraine nation:...
In September 1960, UCCA president Dobriansky assisted with establishing the Taras Shevchenko Memorial Committee of America, Inc.  It was headed by Dobriansky, president of the General Council of Shevchenko societies Roman Smal-Stocky, and Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences in the U.S.A. president George Shevelov, with former U.S. President Harry S. Truman serving as an honorary head.  Later that year a design competition was announced with one of the requirements being "the public at large to see the poet depicted in his youth."  Seventeen sculpture designs were submitted and on July 14, 1962, the committee unanimously chose the one by Leonid Molozhanyn (Leo Mol), a Ukrainian Canadian who would go on to sculpt works in several countries depicting Shevchenko.  Mol was paid $1,500 for winning the competition while two second place artists were each paid $1,000, and two third place artists paid $750 each.  The total cost of the memorial was around $250,000, which was paid for by the UCCA and donations made by over 50,000 people, mostly Ukrainian-Americans.  The design and layout of the memorial site was approved by the U.S. Commission of Fine Arts in April 1963.  The site was designed by architect Radoslav Zuk and the contractor was the M. Cain Company.  The stonework was provided by the Jones Brother Company while the carving was completed by Vincent Illuzzi.

Opposition
The choice of Shevchenko as the subject for a statue was not without controversy. Opponents, such as The Washington Post editorial board, argued "the Ukrainian poet is known to only a few Americans, he is the idol of the Soviet Communist Party, he is anti-Semitic and anti-Polish."  Following the strongly worded editorial's publication, there was a deluge of angry responses, including from members of Congress like Representatives Thaddeus J. Dulski of New York and Ed Derwinski of Illinois.  Derwinski said erecting a memorial to Shevchenko seemed appropriate when compared with some of the other statues in the city, such as those honoring Dante, Edmund Burke, and Jose de San Martin.

After more than 2,000 people gathered at the memorial site for the groundbreaking ceremony on September 21, 1963, there were repeated calls during the next several months for the memorial plans to be scrapped.  In November, a member of the National Capital Planning Commission, which was required to approve the statue according to the congressional resolution, called for the cancellation of the memorial.  The next month Secretary of the Interior Stewart Udall said he wanted to review plans to construct the memorial.  Attempts to derail the project ultimately failed when capital planners said they lacked the authority to stop the erection of the statue.

Initially Soviet Union officials, including the Soviet embassy and Ukrainian SSR representatives at the United Nations, were opposed to the memorial and demanded the U.S. State Department cancel the plans.  They eventually accepted the idea and the Soviet embassy requested to be involved with the memorial's dedication.  This did not occur though because the memorial's inscription was "carefully worded by the statue's sponsors to embarrass the Soviet Union and to discourage Soviet delegations from laying wreaths at the memorial."

Dedication

The statue, founded by the Bedi-Rassy Art Foundry, was placed on its pedestal on June 3, 1964.  The memorial dedication ceremony took place a few weeks later on June 27.  The day-long festivities included concerts at DAR Constitution Hall and a procession of around 35,000 people of Ukrainian descent, many wearing native clothing, marching from the Ellipse to the memorial site.  The parade marchers, arriving by buses and cars decorated with stickers, flags, and blue and yellow signs, had been gathering since early in the morning.  Led by Colonel William Ryback, it took four hours for all the participants to march past the White House, west on Pennsylvania Avenue, and north on 23rd Street to the memorial site.

There were approximately 100,000 people in attendance at the ceremony, including delegations from Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom, as well as U.S. government representatives and foreign ambassadors.  In addition to Leo Mol, dignitaries in attendance included the following: Stepan Vytvytskyi, president of the Ukrainian People's Republic in exile; UCCA president Dobriansky and other leaders of Ukrainian American organizations like Ukrainian National Association president Joseph Sawyer, Archbishops Ambrose Senyshyn and Mstyslav Skrypnyk; U.S. Representatives Derwinski, Dulski, Michael A. Feighan of Ohio, and Daniel J. Flood of Pennsylvania; actors Jack Palance and Mike Mazurki; and Miss World United States Michele Metrinko.

The ceremony was opened by Dobriansky followed by a rendition of the U.S. national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner".  Senyshyn then read the invocation in English and Ukrainian and Roman Smal-Stocki, president of the memorial committee, spoke about the significance of the monument.  Perhaps the most prominent attendee was former U.S. President Eisenhower, who was chosen to unveil the statue.  Before he did so, Eisenhower was cheered for several minutes as the crowd chanted "We Like Ike!"  Following a 12-minute speech, Eisenhower unveiled the statue, calling Shevchenko a Ukrainian hero and stated: "For my hope is that your magnificent march from the shadow of the Washington Monument to the foot of the statue of Shevchenko will here kindle a new world movement in the hearts, minds, words and actions of men; a never-ending movement dedicated to the independence and freedom of peoples of all captive nations of the entire world."  He also said the statue represented "millions of oppressed" in Eastern Europe and "gives them constant encouragement to struggle forever against Communist tyranny, until, one day final victory is achieved, as it most surely will be."  Following the unveiling, the Ukrainian Choral Societies of America led the crowd in a musical rendition of Shevchenko's poem Testament.  Additional speeches were then made by several U.S. Representatives and Archbishop Ioan Theodorovych of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church gave the benediction.  The ceremony concluded with the crowd singing Ukraine's national anthem, Shche ne vmerla Ukraina (English: Ukraine Has Not Yet Died).

Later history
A stainless steel urn containing soil from Shevchenko's grave was installed at the base of the memorial in May 1965.  A commemorative book which includes a brief history of the monument, a list of the memorial fund donors, and other documents related to the site were also installed in the base.  The memorial was the site of protest rallies held by Ukrainian Americans who objected to the Soviet Union's policies.  It has been described as "a symbol of Ukrainian independence and a rallying point of the Ukrainian-American community."  Ukrainian dignitaries still visit the memorial, such as President Viktor Yushchenko, who laid a wreath at the statue in April 2005.  Sviatoslav Shevchuk, head of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, and Olexander Motsyk, Ukrainian ambassador to the United States, each visited the site in 2014.

The memorial site is administered by the National Park Service, a federal agency of the Interior Department. It falls within the park service's administrative unit known as the National Mall and Memorial Parks. In response to Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, the park in which the statue stands was designated Ukraine Independence Park by the U.S. Congress in December 2022.

Second Ukrainian monument
In 2006, the U.S. Congress approved a monument to honor the millions of Ukrainians who died as a result of the 1932–1933 Holodomor, a famine-genocide caused by the Soviet Union.  The memorial site is located on a triangular lot on Massachusetts Avenue NW near Union Station.  On December 2, 2008, a dedication ceremony was held at the future site for the Holodomor Memorial, with Ukraine's then-First Lady Kateryna Yushchenko among the speakers.  Formally dedicated on November 7, 2015, it is the second memorial in Washington, D.C. to honor victims of Communism, the other being the Victims of Communism Memorial, also located near Union Station.

Design and location

The memorial is located in the middle of a triangular park, bounded by P Street (south) and 22nd Street (east and west) NW, across the street from the Church of the Pilgrims and one block from Rock Creek Park.  It consists of a bronze statue on a Vermont granite base next to a Vermont granite wall with relief.  The statue is approximately  tall,  wide, and  long while the base is approximately  tall.  The statue, which faces south, depicts Shevchenko wearing a long suit coat and stepping forward as his left hand holds his jacket lapel.  His slightly opened right hand is pointed downwards and hangs by his side.  Shevchenko is also depicted as a young-to-middle age adult with short wavy hair and a moustache.  The relief depicts the martyred Greek god Prometheus.  The statue and wall are on a four-stepped platform surrounded by a stone plaza.

Inscriptions on the memorial include the following:
 BEDI-RASSY ART FDRY. N.Y. (statue, lower north side)
 TARAS / SHEVCHENKO / 1814–1861 / BARD OF UKRAINE (base, south side)
 DEDICATED TO / THE LIBERATION, FREEDOM AND / INDEPENDENCE OF ALL CAPTIVE NATIONS / THIS MONUMENT OF TARAS SHEVCHENKO, 19TH / CENTURY UKRAINIAN POET AND FIGHTER FOR / INDEPENDENCE OF UKRAINE AND THE FREEDOM / OF ALL MANKIND, WHO UNDER FOREIGN RUSSIAN / IMPERIALIST TYRANNY AND COLONIAL RULE / APPEALED FOR "THE NEW AND RIGHTEOUS LAW OF / WASHINGTON," WAS UNVEILED ON JUNE 27, 1964. / THIS HISTORIC EVENT COMMEMORATED THE / 150TH ANNIVERSARY OF SHEVCHENKO'S BIRTH. / THE MEMORIAL WAS AUTHORIZED BY THE 86TH / CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA / ON AUGUST 31, 1960, AND SIGNED INTO PUBLIC / LAW 86-749 BY DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER, THE 34TH / PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, / ON SEPTEMBER 13, 1960. THE STATUE WAS ERECTED / BY AMERICANS OF UKRAINIAN ANCESTRY AND FRIENDS. (base, north side)
 LEO MOL – SCULPTOR / RADOSLAV ZUK – ARCHITECT (base, lower north side)
 WHEN WILL UKRAINE / HAVE ITS WASHINGTON / WITH FAIR AND JUST LAWS? / SOMEDAY WE WILL! (base, west side)
 ...OUR SOUL SHALL NEVER PERISH, / FREEDOM KNOWS NO DYING, / AND THE GREEDY CANNOT HARVEST / FIELDS WHERE SEAS ARE LYING. // CANNOT BIND THE LIVING SPIRIT / NOR THE LIVING WORD / CANNOT SMIRCH THE SACRED GLORY / OF TH'ALMIGHTY LORD. // TARAS SHEVCHENKO 'THE CAUCASUS.' 1845. (wall, north side)

Notes
1. The northbound lanes of 22nd Street NW are on the east side of the park while the southbound lanes are on the west side.
2. This is a translation of the inscription.  It is a quote from Shevchenko's 1857 poem, The Holy Fool, that is written in Ukrainian.

See also
List of public art in Washington, D.C., Ward 2
Outdoor sculpture in Washington, D.C.
Ukraine–United States relations

References

Further reading

Taras Shevchenko, 150: A Memorial Book, by Shevchenko Memorial Committee of America, New York, 1964,

Buildings and structures completed in 1964
Bronze sculptures in Washington, D.C.
Dupont Circle
Monuments and memorials in Washington, D.C.
Memorial
Ukrainian-American culture in Washington, D.C.
Ukrainian-American history
Ukrainian art
Statues of writers
Outdoor sculptures in Washington, D.C.
Sculptures of men in Washington, D.C.
Statues in Washington, D.C.


The Symphony No. 1 in C major by Mily Balakirev was commenced as early as 1864, but was not completed until 1898. It is scored for three flutes (the third doubling piccolo), oboe, English horn, three clarinets (switching between B flat and A instruments), two bassoons, four horns, two trumpets, three trombones, tuba, timpani, triangle, cymbals, snare drum, bass drum, two harps, first and second violins, violas, cellos and double basses.

Revision
Balakirev revised the symphony but the publisher Zimmerman does not mark the printing of the second version as different, and scores and parts of the two versions were sometimes mixed up. One way to tell them apart is that the first version has rehearsal figures going up to 15, 10, 7, and 16 but in the second version they go to 26, 14, 14, 26. The more obvious textual changes occur in the third movement.

Description
The piece is in four movements:

Performances
Sketching began in 1864 but the first performance, with Balakirev himself conducting, did not take place until 1898. In 1949, Herbert von Karajan recorded it with the Philharmonia Orchestra. In December 1955, Sir Thomas Beecham and the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra made the first stereo recording in the U.K..

There is also a recording of a concert performance with Beecham conducting the BBC Symphony Orchestra. Yevgeny Svetlanov recorded it in 1971, with the USSR Symphony Orchestra. It was later recorded digitally by Neeme Järvi for EMI Classics. A modern recording by the Russian State Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Igor Golovschin, is also available, as well as one from the BBC Philharmonic Orchestra with Vassily Sinaisky as conductor.

Footnotes

References
Norman Del Mar, Orchestral Variations: Confusion and Error in the Orchestral Repertoire (1981)
Mily Balakirew, Symphony No. 1 in C major, Kalmus
フランシス・マース（森田稔・梅津紀雄・中田朱美　訳）「ロシア音楽史」（2006年　春秋社）

Symphonies by Mily Balakirev
1898 compositions
Compositions in C major


Alex Puodziukas known by his stage name Al-P, is a Canadian musician, record producer and recording engineer, best known for being part of the electronic music duo MSTRKRFT along with Jesse F. Keeler. Al-P was producer for Black Cat 13, Death from Above's album You're a Woman, I'm a Machine and The Sick Lipstick's Sting Sting Sting.

Prior to forming MSTRKRFT, Al-P and Keeler collaborated in the late 1990s, then lived in different cities as Al-P moved to New York and worked at the studios Sound on Sound and Chung King, and did some recording for Jay-Z and Wyclef Jean. Al-P was later in the electronic pop group Girlsareshort, with friend Daniel Zabawa. They released two albums, Contactkiss in 2002 and Earlynorthamerican in 2003, before disbanding.

References

External links
 MSTRKRFT Official Website
 Girlsareshort on Upper Class Recordings

Canadian electronic musicians
Canadian record producers
Canadian people of Lithuanian descent
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)


Timofey Pavlovich Mozgov (, born July 16, 1986) is a Russian former professional basketball player. Mozgov won an NBA championship with the Cleveland Cavaliers in 2016, becoming one of the first Russians to do so, alongside Sasha Kaun. As a member of the Russian national team, he won the bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics, as well as a bronze medal at EuroBasket 2011. Mozgov signed with the Lakers in 2016 before being traded to the Nets in the 2017 offseason. In the 2018 offseason, he was traded to the Magic before returning to Khimki in 2019.

Professional career

LenVo St. Petersburg (2004–2006)
Mozgov began his professional career with LenVo St. Petersburg, in the Russian second-tier division, during the 2004–05 season.

Samara (2006)
In 2006, Mozgov moved to CSK VVS Samara 2, the from Samara.

Khimki (2006–2010)
Before the 2006–07 season, Mozgov joined Khimki Moscow Region, where he played through the 2009–10 season.

New York Knicks (2010–2011)

In 2010, Mozgov signed a three-year, $9.7 million contract with the New York Knicks.

On January 30, 2011, after a three-week stint on the bench, Mozgov finally saw significant minutes against the Detroit Pistons, scoring 23 points and grabbing 14 rebounds in a 124–106 victory. He played 40 minutes and was treated to loud chants of "Mozgov! Mozgov!" in the final minute.

Denver Nuggets (2011)

On February 22, 2011, Mozgov was traded to the Nuggets in a three-way blockbuster deal, which also involved the Minnesota Timberwolves that brought Carmelo Anthony to New York.

Return to Khimki (2011)
On July 21, 2011, Mozgov joined Khimki Moscow Region for the second time during the 2011 NBA lockout.

Return to Denver (2011–2015)
On January 21, 2012, Mozgov scored a season high 16 points in a double overtime 119-114 win against his former team, the Knicks.

On July 27, 2013, Mozgov re-signed with the Nuggets.

On January 17, 2014, Mozgov recorded a career high 5 blocks, alongside scoring 10 points and grabbing 11 rebounds, in a 117-109 loss to the Cleveland Cavaliers. On April 10, 2014, he recorded career highs in points and rebounds with 23 and 29, respectively, in a 100–99 win over the Golden State Warriors.

Cleveland Cavaliers (2015–2016)
On January 7, 2015, Mozgov was traded, along with a 2015 second-round pick, to the Cleveland Cavaliers in exchange for two protected 2015 first-round picks (via Oklahoma City and Memphis). Having always previously worn number 25, he was forced to change that upon joining the Cavaliers due to the franchise having the number retired for Mark Price. He instead chose number 20 as it was the number his father, a Soviet handball player, used while he played the sport. On January 9, he made his debut for the Cavaliers, recording nine points and eight rebounds off the bench in a 112–94 loss to Golden State.

On June 4, 2015, he became the first Russian to play in the NBA Finals, as the Cavaliers lost Game 1 of the series to the Warriors. The Cavaliers went on to lose the series in six games; Mozgov started all six.

On June 23, 2015, Cleveland exercised its option on Mozgov's contract for the 2015–16 season. He played a reduced role throughout the season, as the Cavaliers made it to the 2016 NBA Finals, where they defeated the Warriors in a rematch. Mozgov and teammate Sasha Kaun became the first Russians to win an NBA title.

Los Angeles Lakers (2016–2017)
On July 8, 2016, Mozgov signed a four-year, $64 million contract with the Los Angeles Lakers. The Lakers received "league-wide criticism" for the size of Mozgov's contract. The contract has been described as "huge", "dreadful", and "indefensible".

Mozgov made his debut for the Lakers in their season opener on October 26, 2016, recording 12 points and eight rebounds in a 120–114 win over the Houston Rockets. On March 14, 2017, the Lakers shut down a healthy Mozgov for the rest of the season to give the majority of playing time over the final 15 games to the team's younger players.

Brooklyn Nets (2017–2018)
On June 22, 2017, Mozgov was traded, along with D'Angelo Russell, to the Brooklyn Nets in exchange for Brook Lopez and the rights to Kyle Kuzma, the 27th pick in the 2017 NBA draft.

On July 6, 2018, Mozgov was traded, along with the draft rights to Hamidou Diallo, a 2021 second-round draft pick, and cash considerations, to the Charlotte Hornets in exchange for Dwight Howard. A day later, he was traded again, this time to the Orlando Magic in a three-team deal.

On July 6, 2019, Mozgov was waived by the Magic without having played a game, due to a knee injury. On November 28, 2019, the NBA approved the Magic's petition to have Mozgov's salary removed from their books due to the knee injury.

Third stint with Khimki (2019–2021)
On July 31, 2019, Mozgov signed a one-year deal to return to his home country and play once again for Khimki of the VTB United League and the EuroLeague. However, he did not play in the 2019–20 season due to his knee injury.

On April 12, 2021, Mozgov played in his first professional game since 2018, logging six points, six rebounds, and one assist in a 89–83 win over Enisey.

Runa (2021–2022)
On December 23, 2021, Mozgov signed with Runa Basket Moscow of the Russian Basketball Super League 1.

National team career

Mozgov has also been a member of the senior Russian national basketball team. He played at EuroBasket 2009, EuroBasket 2011, and the 2012 Summer Olympics, winning bronze medals at the latter two.

Career statistics

NBA

Regular season

|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| New York
| 34 || 14 || 13.5 || .464 || .000 || .705 || 3.1 || .4 || .4 || .7 || 4.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Denver
| 11 || 0 || 6.0 || .524 || .000 || .750 || 1.5 || .0 || .1 || .2 || 2.5
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Denver
| 44 || 35 || 15.6 || .526 || .000 || .684 || 4.1 || .5 || .3 || 1.0 || 5.4
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Denver
| 41 || 1 || 8.9 || .506 || .000 || .769 || 2.6 || .2 || .1 || .4 || 2.6
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Denver
| 82 || 30 || 21.6 || .523 || .167 || .754 || 6.4 || .8 || .3 || 1.2 || 9.4
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Denver
| 35 || 35 || 25.6 || .504 || .333 || .733 || 7.8 || .5 || .4 || 1.2 || 8.5
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Cleveland
| 46 || 45 || 25.0 || .590 || .000 || .708 || 6.9 || .8 || .4 || 1.2 || 10.6
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"| †
| style="text-align:left;"| Cleveland
| 76 || 48 || 17.4 || .565 || .143 || .716 || 4.4 || .4 || .3 || .8 || 6.3
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 54 || 52 || 20.4 || .515 || .000 || .808 || 4.9 || .8 || .3 || .6 || 7.4
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Brooklyn
| 31 || 13 || 11.6 || .559 || .222 || .767 || 3.2 || .4 || .2 || .4 || 4.2
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
| 454 || 273 || 18.0 || .535 || .190 || .738 || 4.9 || .6 || .3 || .8 || 6.8

Playoffs

|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2012
| style="text-align:left;"| Denver
| 7 || 5 || 14.1 || .480 || .000 || .500 || 3.3 || .4 || .3 || .9 || 4.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2015
| style="text-align:left;"| Cleveland
| 20 || 20 || 26.5 || .500 || .000 || .790 || 7.3 || 0.9 || .4 || 1.8 || 10.6
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"| 2016†
| style="text-align:left;"| Cleveland
| 13 || 0|| 5.8|| .400|| .000 || .750 || 1.6|| 0.2 || .2 || 0.2|| 1.2
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
| 40 || 25 || 17.6 || .589 || .000 || .763 || 4.8 || 3.5 || .3 || 1.1 || 6.4

See also

 List of European basketball players in the United States

References

External links

 Timofey Mozgov at euroleague.net
 Timofey Mozgov at fiba.com

1986 births
Living people
2010 FIBA World Championship players
Basketball players at the 2012 Summer Olympics
BC Khimki players
Brooklyn Nets players
Centers (basketball)
Cleveland Cavaliers players
Denver Nuggets players
Los Angeles Lakers players
Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
National Basketball Association players from Russia
New York Knicks players
Olympic basketball players for Russia
Olympic bronze medalists for Russia
Olympic medalists in basketball
Russian expatriate basketball people in the United States
Russian men's basketball players
Basketball players from Saint Petersburg
Undrafted National Basketball Association players


The National Council of Women of New Zealand () was established in 1896, three years after women in New Zealand won the right to the vote, as an umbrella organisation uniting a number of different women's societies that existed in New Zealand at that time. Its founding president was Kate Sheppard, who had led the campaign for women's suffrage. The NCWNZ went into recess in 1906 but was reformed in 1919. As of 2021, the NCWNZ remains a leading and influential organisation that works to achieve gender equality in New Zealand. Since 1896, members have agreed resolutions by majority vote at national conferences, which form policies for the NCWNZ's work. These resolutions inform submissions made by the NCWNZ to Parliament, government departments and other organisations.

History

Establishment of the Council and early years (1896–1906)

In 1894, while visiting England, Sheppard was asked by Eva McLaren, the foreign corresponding secretary of the International Council of Women, to form a New Zealand branch of the council. On her return to New Zealand, she found that Marion Hatton and Ada Wells had both suggested that a co-ordinating body be set up for the various New Zealand women's societies.

The first meeting of the National Council of Women took place on 13 April 1896 and was attended by around 25 women representing 11 different women's societies. Its aims were to "unite all organised societies of women for mutual counsel and co-operation in the attainment of justice and freedom for women, and for all that made for the good of humanity; to encourage the formation of societies of women engaged in trades, professions, and in social and political work; and to affiliate with other national councils of women for the purpose of facilitating international Conferences and co-operation". The women in attendance were mainly middle-class and several were teachers or former teachers.

There was much initial interest from members of Parliament and other commentators. George Hutchison stated that, "Depend upon it, the resolutions passed at that convention deserve the most respectful consideration." On the other hand, Thomas Mackenzie suggested that the NCWNZ was made up of "a few unsettled women" who "in no way represent our best women". The council received attention from the press and was frequently referred to in the newspapers as "the Women's Parliament".

Sheppard was elected as the first president. Some early frictions arose because Anna Stout, the founder of the Women's Franchise League, had expected that she would be president of the organisation, given her husband's title and position as a leading politician in New Zealand, and indeed she had been offered that role by McLaren prior to the first meeting. Other founding members of the NCWNZ included: Margaret Sievwright, founder of the Gisborne branch of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union; Annie Schnackenberg, president of Woman's Christian Temperance Union during the suffrage campaign; Wilhelmina Sherriff Bain, president of Canterbury Women's Institute; and Ada Wells, founder of the Canterbury Women's Institute. On Sheppard's recommendation, Emily Hill became treasurer in 1903. Sarah Page was the organisation's secretary in 1905–06.

At its early meetings, the NCWNZ's resolutions focussed on the need for legal equality for men and women, in areas such as marriage and employment. The NCWNZ resolved that women should be eligible for election to Parliament, appointment as police officers and for jury service. It also made various resolutions to support the moral reform of society; for example, that the age of consent be raised, that homes be established for alcoholics, that the liquor laws be more strongly enforced, that children be freely educated for longer and that capital punishment be abolished. Like many women's groups at the time, the NCWNZ was committed to temperance. The NCWNZ said that the state was "a family extended" and that they wished "to bring the woman spirit and the home atmosphere into the affairs as well of the State as of the parish".

The NCWNZ had some early successes; for example, in 1896 new legislation raised the age of consent and permitted women to become lawyers, and in 1898 divorce conditions were made equal for both genders. Other ambitions took longer: women were not permitted to stand for Parliament until 1919 and equal pay was not made a legal requirement in the private sector until 1972. In 1897, Stout left the NCWNZ, claiming that it was not truly representative because it lacked working class and provincial membership. With her departure the NCWNZ was weakened because it lost access to political circles.

Recess (1906–1918)

By the early 1900s, the NCWNZ was dealing with disagreements between members and wider controversies about matters such as eugenics, New Zealand's involvement in the Second Boer War, whether women should be permitted to stand for Parliament, and the economic independence of married women. Ethel Benjamin, New Zealand's first female lawyer, also criticised the NCWNZ for passing resolutions unanimously after only superficial discussions. To some extent, the widely-held belief that the NCWNZ had achieved most of its goals also weakened the case for its continuation. It was viewed as unnecessary to further disrupt the status quo, and many of the leading activists were aging or suffering from ill-health. After its last convention in 1902 in Napier, the NCWNZ went into recess in 1906.

In the absence of the NCWNZ there was no overarching women's organisation in New Zealand. The Woman's Christian Temperance Union focussed on prohibition rather than feminism, and newer organisations such as the Plunket movement focussed on family and maternal aspects. Some New Zealand feminists continued to work with the International Council of Women, and Sheppard was elected as an honorary vice-president in 1909.

Revival (1918–1945)
The NCWNZ was revived when Sheppard, Jessie Mackay and Christina Henderson set up a preliminary committee and contacted prominent women around the country. A preliminary meeting of regional representatives was held in April 1918, and a full conference was held after the end of World War I in September 1919. The new NCWNZ had a change in structure and saw the development of branches; instead of local organisations being affiliated directly to the national organisation, they were affiliated to the appropriate regional branch. There were eight branches around the country by 1925 and fourteen by 1940. Sheppard was president for the first year and was followed by Ellen Melville, New Zealand's second female lawyer.

World War I contributed to the revival of the NCWNZ; New Zealand women were concerned about perceived moral decline of New Zealand's youth and the rise of venereal disease. New Zealand was a very different place by the time the NCWNZ reconvened than it had been in 1906. The war and urbanisation had changed society and the position of women. More women were receiving higher education and there were more women in the workforce (almost a quarter of all women in New Zealand) but few of these were married. Women were still very firmly placed in the family context with much of their secondary schooling and in some cases even university education focusing on home sciences. There was also a significant pay differentiation for female-oriented employment.

Although the new NCWNZ was conservative when compared with the pre-1906 NCWNZ, it was still more radical than the government of the day was willing to accept and any advances towards equality were made slowly and with difficulty. A woman's right to sit in Parliament and to sit on a jury were two issues in which New Zealand was lagging behind Great Britain, and the NCWNZ campaigned strongly for both; ultimately, the first female MP was Elizabeth McCombs in 1933, and women were not permitted to sit on juries until 1943. Issues which were more controversial within the NCWNZ itself included the compulsory notification of venereal disease. An article in the NCWNZ Bulletin in 1928 listed "What New Zealand Women Want": women on juries and the Prisons Board, female police, a female co-censor of films, and a female member of New Zealand's delegation to the League of Nations. Women's concerns included the high maternal death rate of women and high septic abortion rate, the lack of equal salaries and status for male and female teachers, conditions in schools, and pay and promotion in the civil service.

In the 1930s, during the Depression, the Auckland branch of the NCWNZ co-operated with the YWCA to create the first register of unemployed women. The Christchurch branch set up a programme to teach cookery to unemployed young women which produced meals for needy families. The Dunedin branch established a Women's Unemployment Committee which assisted women with finding jobs, particularly in domestic service.

During World War II, the NCWNZ collected nearly 70 tons of food for Britain, after a suggestion of the Dunedin branch became a national initiative. Local branches set up committees to collect clothing and funds to help war victims. During this period, representatives of nationally organised societies started attending NCWNZ meetings so that the NCWNZ could take advantage of their expertise and address any concerns.

Post-war period and late 20th century (1945–1996)
The post-war period was a period of rapid growth and structural change for the NCWNZ. It was marked by one very important issue – equal pay for equal work. In 1957 the Council for Equal Pay and Opportunity (CEPO) was formed, which aimed "to bring about as soon as possible the full implementation of the principles of equal pay for equal work (or the rate for the job) and equal opportunity for women in all spheres of employment in New Zealand", and the NCWNZ became a member. Equal pay became a reality in the public sector in 1960 but the private sector was not required to follow suit until 1972 with the passing of the Equal Pay Act; NCWNZ was pivotal in both campaigns. Other major issues of the post-war era included jury service on the same terms for women as for men (an issue until 1976), the support of censorship, opposition to pornography and to alcohol and drug abuse, opposition to nuclear weapons, environmental issues (in the 1970s and 1980s) and the level of violence in New Zealand society (in the 1990s).

As the NCWNZ's workload increased, the structure of the organisation developed. In 1959 the organisation was registered as an incorporated society. Mavis Tiller, president from 1966 to 1970, was a key modernising figure; she enhanced the role of the Parliamentary Watch Committee, which became an effective advocate for women by making submissions on bills and discussion papers. Tiller's work to dispose of the 1966 resolution that the Council only make submissions to Parliament in exceptional circumstances led to a growth in importance and extended terms of reference for the Parliamentary Watch Committee. The NCWNZ has played an important role in making submissions to Parliament ever since. Standing committees were set up to focus on specific areas such as health and education, and to support local branches in these areas. In 1974 NCWNZ purchased its first permanent headquarters in Wellington. The NCWNZ also experimented with different publications and methods of communicating with  members: Between 1952 and 1958 the Christchurch-based New Zealand Women in Council was published. Women's Viewpoint magazine was published by the Auckland branch in 1960 and 1961. This became a national magazine and ten issues were published each year through the early 1960s. It was replaced by NCW Quarterly from 1967 to 1975. From 1958 onwards a monthly Circular newsletter was also sent to each member of each branch.

In 1996 the NCWNZ marked its centennial. Historian Dorothy Page published a well-received centennial history, and the organisation established a Centennial Fund based on national fundraising and a generous government grant. The Fund provided ongoing support for the administration of the organisation. It was said at the time that although the NCWNZ could be "disparaged by both the very conservative and the very radical", it remained the voice of thousands of New Zealand women, including groups who would not normally agree.

Recent years (1996–present)
In the late 1990s and early 2000s the NCWNZ continued its work monitoring debates, researching opinions and drafting submissions to Parliament and other bodies on its core interests of health, social justice and equality. Its role as a delegate-based or umbrella organisation became of lesser importance, as many people became less committed to organised community groups and in consequence women's organisations became dormant or had less interest in formally aligning with the NCWNZ. NCWNZ adjusted its constitution to accommodate individual as well as organisational membership, and focussed its attention on aligning with government and with overseas forums such as the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, for which it produced an NGO Alternate Report. NCWNZ also leads delegations to the Commission on the Status of Women, the International Council of Women, and the latter's Asia Pacific Regional Council meetings.

The financial crisis of 2007–2008 had a severe impact on NCWNZ's funding, and in 2009 NCWNZ registered as a charity under the Charities Act 2005. However, in August 2010 NCWNZ was deregistered on the grounds that its work was political and therefore not charitable. The negative impact of this decision threatened NCWNZ's financial viability. In 2016 the High Court affirmed NCWNZ's charitable status and backdated the registration to its date of deregistration.

In April 2015, the Council published an open letter to New Zealand Prime Minister John Key against Key's pulling of a waitress's ponytail. The letter said that while the Council accepted that Key had apologised and had not meant to offend, the incident highlighted that sexism was part of New Zealand's culture and that the government needed to do more to reduce sexism and its effects.

In 2015 the NCWNZ published a white paper, Enabling Women's Potential, which made twelve recommendations for action to achieve substantive equality in New Zealand. As a result of this paper, NCWNZ decided to focus its resources for 2016–17 on addressing the culture of gender inequality in New Zealand, and on researching and monitoring four key areas of inequality: safety and health, economic independence, education, and decision-making. This led to the launch of the Gender Equal NZ movement in September 2017, with three work programmes: the Gender Attitudes Survey, the Gender Dashboard and the Gender Culture Taskforce.

In March 2016, the Council marked the 120th anniversary of its founding. In that year the council was campaigning on equal pay for women and on issues such as social issues, justice and law reform. President Rae Duff commented earlier in the year that the council was seeking more younger members.

In 2018, the Council marked the 125th anniversary of women's suffrage in New Zealand. President Vanisa Dhiru, said: "We are fighting for gender equality because we want all New Zealanders to have the freedom and opportunity to determine their own future. Discrimination can be more subtle than it once was. We see it in our everyday interactions, with gender inequality being revealed in attitudes and assumptions. For some, gender inequality is more obvious. For all of us, the job is not done." In March 2019, the Council took the opportunity on International Women's Day to show support for transgender women and for the inclusion of transgender women's needs in all conversations about gender discrimination. Dhiru said on this occasion: "We are explicitly including trans women and all those who identify as female, as it's important to all to feel included. Trans women are women."

In 2020, Lisa Lawrence was appointed as the NCWNZ's first Māori president. She had served as vice-president since 2017 and had extensive leadership experience in health organisations.

Membership and officers
The NCWNZ has around 200 organisations as members and, as of 2015, had 260 individual members. Members include major and minor New Zealand political parties, religious organisations, pro-choice organisations, national and local women's institutes and groups, and a wide range of other organisations.

National officers in the early years

Other notable members and officers
 Kate Andersen (1870–1957), teacher, community leader and writer; member from 1919 to 1924
 Rosetta Baume (1871–1934), one of the first women to stand for Parliament in 1919 and a vice-president from 1918 to 1920
 Alice Candy (1888–1977), teacher, academic and historian
 Kate Clark (1847–1926), children's writer, poet, artist and community worker
 Nellie Coad (1883–1974), teacher, community leader, women's advocate and writer
 Miriam Dell (born 1924), president from 1970 to 1974 and founder of the Committee on Women, the forerunner to New Zealand's Ministry for Women
 Vanisa Dhiru (living), president from 2017 to 2019
 Flora Forde (1883–1958), president from 1948 to 1956
 Annie Fraer (1868–1939), president from 1927 to 1931 and one of the first female justices of the peace
 Emily Hill (1847–1930), teacher, temperance worker and suffragist
 Jessie Mackay (1864–1938), poet, journalist, feminist and animal rights activist
 Ellen Melville (1882–1946) was New Zealand's second female lawyer, and the first woman elected to a city council in New Zealand, one of the first women to stand for Parliament in New Zealand, and served from 1919 to 1922 as national president of NCWNZ.
 Dorothy Page (living), historian and academic, author of The National Council of Women, A Centennial History (1996)
 Alison Roxburgh (1934–2020), women's rights advocate and community leader
 Mavis Tiller (1901–1989), president from 1966 to 1970
 Gillian Greer (living), Chief Executive from 2017 to 2018

Notes

References

See also
Gender equality in New Zealand
List of New Zealand suffragists
Women in New Zealand
Women's suffrage in New Zealand

External links
The National Council of Women of New Zealand website
Gender Equal New Zealand

Women's organisations based in New Zealand
1896 establishments in New Zealand
Feminist organisations in New Zealand
Kate Sheppard