The Twelve-step Suite (also known as the Twelve-step Saga or Alcoholics Anonymous Suite) is a set of five songs by American progressive metal band Dream Theater. One song was featured on each Dream Theater studio album from Six Degrees of Inner Turbulence to Black Clouds & Silver Linings.

The lyrics to each song, written by the band's drummer Mike Portnoy, deal with his experience of alcoholism. Each song represents a certain number of the Twelve Steps. Various lyrical and musical themes run through the Suite. It was written by the band with the intention of eventually playing it live as one piece.

Background

By the end of Dream Theater's tour to promote their 1999 studio album, Metropolis Pt. 2: Scenes from a Memory, former drummer Mike Portnoy considered his alcoholism and drug abuse to have gone out of control:

Portnoy went through periods of using other drugs, including marijuana, prescription drugs, and cocaine, though he considered alcohol to be his "drug of choice." Bandmate James LaBrie noted that Portnoy was "drinking like a fish;" his drinking had become a source of tension within the band. Portnoy consumed his final alcoholic drink on April 20, 2000 (his thirty-third birthday) after the final show on Dream Theater's Scenes from a Memory tour. He found the Alcoholics Anonymous twelve-step program (which he considers to have "saved his life"), and made it a priority to attend meetings while touring.

Portnoy's struggle with alcohol was previously the subject of "The Mirror," a song from Dream Theater's 1994 album Awake. After he stopped drinking, Portnoy decided to write a suite of tracks describing the twelve-step program which would span several albums. He views the Suite as a concept album spread over five releases. Portnoy started with an initial lyrical idea for the entire Suite, but musically the band "approached it fresh" when writing each track. The Suite was planned as something which would eventually be performed live in its entirety. All songs are dedicated to "Bill W. and his friends."

Portnoy described the process of writing the tracks as "very therapeutic." Upon finishing the Suite in 2009, however, he reflected that he had "dug [himself] into a hole with it. It was a nice idea seven years ago. ... After a while it became like an obligation hanging over my head, like a homework assignment." He said that he "didn't know if [he] would have done it" had he known how large the Suite would grow: “If I had realized what I was getting myself into five albums ago ... I think maybe I would have written one song that encompassed all twelve steps.”

Before leaving Dream Theater in 2010, Portnoy had planned to play the Twelve-step Suite in its entirety following the Black Clouds & Silver Linings tour. He intentionally reserved "The Shattered Fortress" for this tour. He said that it would “break his heart” if Dream Theater was to perform the Suite without him. In May 2014, during an interview for Eddie Trunk’s "Trunk Nation," Portnoy commented on the outcome of American heavy metal band Queensrÿche’s feud (which resulted in the band's ex-vocalist Geoff Tate retaining the rights to the albums Operation: Mindcrime and Operation: Mindcrime II) and said that he would like to have done the same with his Suite when leaving Dream Theater.

Later Portnoy toured with musicians from Haken, playing the suite in its entirety.

Songs

"The Glass Prison"
“The Glass Prison” contains the first three parts of the Suite (“Reflection,” “Restoration,” and “Revelation”). It is the first track on 2002's Six Degrees of Inner Turbulence and is the longest track of the "Twelve-step Suite." Rich Wilson (author of Dream Theater's official biography, Lifting Shadows) describes the track as a "clattering mass of riffs and shredding that finds Dream Theater at their most grinding." The weekend before entering the studio to start work on Six Degrees of Inner Turbulence, John Petrucci and Portnoy saw Pantera perform at the Hammerstein Ballroom, New York City. This provided a great influence on the band. Portnoy described the track as musically "this total Pantera-meets-Megadeth, relentless ball of energy."

"This Dying Soul"
“This Dying Soul" features parts four and five of the Suite ("Reflections of Reality (Revisited)" and "Release"). It is the second track on 2003's Train of Thought. Wilson describes the track as a lyrical and musical continuation of "The Glass Prison."

The song also contains some lyrical references to the band's song "The Mirror," most notably the opening lines, "Hello mirror/so glad to see you my friend/it's been a while." The lyric also references their song "Regression," which includes the lyric "Hello Victoria, so glad to see you my friend." Also, the first section's title, "Reflections of Reality (Revisited)," references the line "Reflections of reality are slowly coming into view." The line "Now it's time to stare the problem right between the eyes" is similar to the line from "The Mirror," “Let's stare the problem right in the eye." The second section ("Release") of this song opens with the same riff as the second part ("Restoration") of "The Glass Prison.”

"The Root of All Evil"
“The Root of All Evil" consists of parts six and seven of the Suite ("Ready" and "Remove"). It is the opening track on 2005's Octavarium and the shortest track in the Suite. Portnoy considers it to be "an archetypal Dream Theater track, tidily mixing heavy riffs with some progressive moments."

"Repentance"
“Repentance" features parts eight and nine of the Suite ("Regret" and "Restitution"). It is the fifth track on 2007's Systematic Chaos. By this stage, Portnoy had been sober for seven years. Portnoy stated that it was intentionally conceived as "a bit more of a breather," as the previous songs in the Suite had been "so aggressive and bombastic." He said that of all the tracks on Systematic Chaos, he was particularly proud of "Repentance" because it was "a moody, dark song, hypnotic, psychedelic ... something that we’ve never done before." He described "Restitution" as having a "spacey, Pink Floyd feel". James LaBrie considered the challenge of "being able to really convey that message, but with the proper character" on "Repentance" to be the hardest part of his performance on Systematic Chaos: "I wanted it to come off sounding very somber, very serious, very ... not cold, but a somber approach, you know."

Portnoy described the ninth part of the Suite, "Restitution," as being "all about making amends to people you’ve harmed." When writing it, he did not want to write about his own personal life as it would have made the song "too specific" to himself, wanting to make the lyrics more general. He instead asked friends of the band to contribute spoken word apologies. Steve Hogarth, Steven Wilson, Jon Anderson, Steve Vai, Joe Satriani, Mikael Åkerfeldt, Corey Taylor, Daniel Gildenlöw, Neal Morse, David Ellefson, and Chris Jericho all contributed apologies which featured in the final track. Portnoy was disappointed that Dave Mustaine, Geoff Tate, Bruce Dickinson and James Hetfield declined his invitation, but was pleased with the final list of contributors.

"The Shattered Fortress"
“The Shattered Fortress" concludes the Suite, featuring the last three parts ("Restraint," “Receive," “Responsible"). It is the fourth track on 2009's Black Clouds & Silver Linings. Portnoy considers the track as the Suite's "grand finale" and "knew it would really be made up of all the musical and lyrical references from the past, and bring them all together to wrap it all up." Before starting to write the track, the band listened to all four of the previous tracks in the Suite, making notes on the progressions of the parts and the melodies they wanted to reprise.

Track listing

Personnel
Dream Theater
James LaBrie – lead vocals
John Myung – bass
John Petrucci – guitar, backing vocals, producer
Mike Portnoy – drums, backing vocals, co-lead vocals, spoken word on "Repentance" and "The Shattered Fortress", producer
Jordan Rudess – keyboards

Guest spoken words on "Repentance"

Corey Taylor
Steve Vai
Chris Jericho
David Ellefson
Daniel Gildenlöw
Steve Hogarth
Joe Satriani
Mikael Åkerfeldt
Steven Wilson
Jon Anderson
Neal MorseProduction'''
Doug Oberkircher – engineer
 Paul Northfield – engineer

References

Bibliography

Alcoholics Anonymous
Dream Theater songs


Joseph Roger de Benoist (2 August 1923 – 15 February 2017) was a French missionary, journalist, and historian. His main areas of study were French West Africa and the history of the Catholic Church in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Senegal, where he lived for several decades.

Biography
Father Joseph Roger de Benoist was part of the congregation of the White Fathers. He was born in Meudon and graduated from Lille Graduate School of Journalism with a doctorate in history.

Joseph Roger de Benoist was made Knight (1988) and then Officer (1997) of the French Legion of Honour. He was also an Officer in the Ordre national du Lion du Sénégal (1993). he died, aged 93, in Bry-sur-Marne, France.

Works
La balkanisation de l'Afrique occidentale francaise, (foreword by Léopold Sédar Senghor), 1979
L'Église catholique et la naissance des nouvelles nations en Afrique occidentale francophone, 1981
L'Afrique occidentale française de la Conférence de Brazzaville (1944) à l'indépendance (1960) (foreword by Amadou-Mahtar M'Bow), 1982
Les missionnaires catholiques du Soudan français et de la Haute-Volta entrepreneurs et formateurs d'artisans, 1983
Colonisation et évangélisation, 1985
Église et pouvoir colonial au Soudan français : les relations entre les administrateurs et les missionaires catholiques dans la Boucle du Niger, de 1885 à 1945 (foreword by Catherine Coquery-Vidrovitch), 1987
L'hebdomadaire catholique dakarois "Afrique Nouvelle" et la décolonisation de l'AOF, 1986
Félix Éboué et les missions catholiques, 1987
L'Église catholique en Afrique : deux millénaires d'histoire, 1991
Gorée, Guide de l'île et du Musée historique, 1993 (in collaboration with Abdoulaye Camara)
Le Mali, 1998
Histoire de Gorée, 2003 (in collaboration with Abdoulaye Camara, Françoise Descamps, Xavier Ricou and James Searing)
Léopold Sédar Senghor (with a testimony by Cheikh Hamidou Kane), 1998
Histoire de l'Église catholique au Sénégal : du milieu du XVe siècle à l'aube du troisième millénaire, 2008

See also
 Gorée
 History of Senegal

References

External links
 Interview
 La balkanisation de l'Afrique Occidentale Française - webAfriqa
 L’Afrique occidentale française de la Conférence de Brazzaville (1944) à l'indépendance (1960) - webAfriqa
 Presentation of his latest book and short biography

1923 births
2017 deaths
French Roman Catholic missionaries
White Fathers priests
French journalists
Historians of Africa
French male non-fiction writers
Roman Catholic missionaries in Senegal
French expatriates in Senegal


is a headland at the southernmost tip of the Japanese island of Shikoku, in the city of Tosashimizu, Kōchi Prefecture. The promontory extends into the Pacific Ocean and is situated within Ashizuri-Uwakai National Park. Above the cape is , which started operating in 1914, and two observatories, while a short distance inland stand Kongōfuku-ji, the thirty-eighth temple on the Shikoku Pilgrimage, and a bronze statue of Nakahama Manjirō, who was born nearby. Due to coastal erosion, there are a number of caves around the cape, including , said to be the largest granite cave in the country and a Prefectural Natural Monument.

See also
 List of Places of Scenic Beauty of Japan (Kōchi)
 List of Natural Monuments of Japan (Kōchi)
 Kuroshio Current
 Cape Muroto

References

Tosashimizu, Kōchi
Landforms of Kōchi Prefecture
Ashizuri
Extreme points of Japan


Nazim Suleymanov (; ; born 17 February 1965) is a Soviet and Azerbaijani football coach and a former player best known as a striker for Alania Vladikavkaz in the 1990s. He is the manager of the Under-19 squad of the Russian club Khimki.

Suleymanov was the first player ever to score for Azerbaijan in international football, in a friendly against Georgia in 1992. Despite a second goal from Suleymanov and one from Vidadi Rzayev, they lost 6-3.

International goals

Honours

Club
 Alania Vladikavkaz
Russian Premier League (1): 1995
Russian Premier League Runners-up (2): 1992, 1996

Personal
Most overall goals scored for Alania Vladikavkaz: 60
Best 33 players of the Russia Top League season: No. 3 - 1992, 1993

References

External links
Biography of the Player

1965 births
Living people
Azerbaijani men's footballers
Azerbaijani expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Russia
FC Spartak Vladikavkaz players
FC Zhemchuzhina-Sochi players
Soviet Top League players
Russian Premier League players
Soviet men's footballers
Azerbaijani football managers
Azerbaijani expatriate football managers
FC Zhemchuzhina-Sochi managers
Expatriate football managers in Russia
Khazar Lankaran FK managers
People from Sumgait
Soviet Azerbaijani people
FC Spartak Moscow players
Men's association football forwards
Azerbaijan men's international footballers
Neftçi PFK players
Sumgayit FK managers


J. T. Hellstrom and Colleen Carlton are fictional characters and a supercouple from the American CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless. J. T. was portrayed by Thad Luckinbill, and Colleen was portrayed by three different actresses during the pair's time together, including Lyndsy Fonseca, Adrianne León, and Tammin Sursok. They are often referred to by the portmanteau "Jolleen" by fans on internet message boards and in magazines. Many other famous celebrities appear on this show.

Beginning as a controversial pairing due to the characters' age gap, their pairing would soon gain popularity, characterized as "Genoa City's sweetest supercouple". Former head writer and executive producer John F. Smith pushed for a story between the characters despite the unexpectedness and controversy surrounding them. Luckinbill's musical ability was an element in their storyline as the actor wrote and performed two original songs for the soap opera. The song "When You Say Nothing at All", performed by Alison Krauss, was also used during their storyline.

Development

Relationship

The original storyline designed for J. T. and Colleen centered around an unrequited crush she feels for him. Luckinbill and Fonseca, the first actress to portray Colleen, thought their character's relationship would progress no further than friendship. Fonseca said that if they became a couple, the fun brought on by the "tug-and-pull" element between them could disappear. Luckinbill considered the age difference too great an obstacle to overcome, as at the time, J. T. was 18 years old and Colleen was 15. Smith later pushed for the plot to be taken further and the characters were paired romantically. Both soap opera critics and members of the show's cast and crew considered this a controversial and surprising move. Fonseca stated she "wasn't expecting it at all", and admitted that even former executive producer David Shaughnessy found the pairing "shocking".

The writers used J. T.'s relationship with Colleen to bring out a more sympathetic side to him that the audience up to that point never witnessed before. Smith characterized their storyline as "taking this guy on the journey from wild college kid to being in love with this little high school sophomore". They also positioned Colleen as the aggressor in the relationship by scripting her as pursuing J. T., while he, in an uncharacteristic move, held off because of the difference in their ages. The writers "carefully navigated the development of this relationship, emphasizing its tender, supportive aspects." They scripted them as "ferociously protective" of each other.

Other obstacles written for the pair included the opposition of Colleen's family to the pairing, J. T.'s music career, and third party characters who came between them. In 2003, J.T. cheated on Colleen with Anita Hodges, an older woman considered a "sexy cougar". Luckinbill explained J.T. as being "weak in a desperate moment", and that he "felt really sorry for someone he's known his whole life, and the good side of J.T. emerged to offer Anita some comfort. Then it got really out of hand." He added that J.T. "cares deeply" for Colleen and "realizes she will be devastated by his actions". Luckinbill felt that J.T. "wouldn't hurt her for the world, and yet that is exactly what he'll end up doing". In May 2004, Fonseca's contract was not renewed and she was confirmed to exit. Within the storyline, Colleen leaves Genoa City and J.T. because she does not want to stand in the way of his music career. However, she returned to reprise the role briefly that December.  J.T. had begun dating Brittany Hodges (Lauren Woodland) and the writers wanted to bring Colleen back to "add more complications to the story". Luckinbill described his character's feelings for Colleen and Brittany as extremely different, saying: "J.T. saw Colleen as somebody so opposite himself that he considered himself undeserving of her love. She was too angelic [whereas] Brittany has more of the 'black sheep' in her." Fans of the pair campaigned for a reunion between J.T. and Colleen when Fonseca returned, and pushed for her to be put back on contract. Fonseca and Luckinbill also anticipated the repairing of their characters because of a positive viewer response. Fonseca described it as being "the best part of coming back", stating: "Already it seems the fans [are] excited to see us together again." Luckinbill stated: "When they were together, they were like some sort of supercouple and there is a huge amount of fans who still want them together." News of Fonseca's second exit incited a fan outcry and a campaign pushing for the actress's permanent return. Fonseca made her final appearance as Colleen in February 2005.

In 2006, Adrianne León was announced to become a recast for the role of Colleen. Leon wanted to portray Colleen as more grown up and a little different from Fonseca's take on the role, saying she would be "coming back with a whole new determination to get what she wants" and that "she didn't have any expectations set in stone, but it's always hard to see your first love with someone else". When Colleen returned, she acted as an obstacle in J.T.'s romance with Mackenzie Browning (then Rachel Kimsey). When Kimsey was let go and Mackenzie exited, J.T. and Colleen reunited, and another obstacle designed to break them up came in the form of a new character, Adrian Korbel (Eyal Podell). León theorized that while Colleen felt an attraction to Korbel, her heart belonged to J.T., saying: "She absolutely loves him and adores him, but she's going through that change where she was a little girl and now she's not. She's growing up and evolving. The bad boy was interesting to her when she was a teenager, but now she's more interested in the intellectual." Leon portrayed the character as confused while she conflicted between her love for J.T. and her attraction to Korbel. Colleen later cheated on J.T. with him, and they separated for the final time.

Music
Luckinbill's musical ability was utilized in J.T. and Colleen's storyline. He stated that the writers and producers felt like it would be a good idea. He added: "They wanted me to sing a song by Alison Krauss called, "When You Say Nothing at All". I liked it, was sitting at home one night working on that song and this new song just came about." The new song Luckinbill wrote was entitled "Feel". In writing the song, Luckinbill said he was "thinking of the character's viewpoint, from J.T. to Colleen. If he were going to write her a song, what would he write? And these words came out. I ended up writing a song that night, which I took to our producers and said, 'I know you want me to sing this song, but how do you feel about this one? It's character driven.'" Smith decided Luckinbill would sing both "Feel" and "When You Say Nothing at All". Luckinbill sang Krauss' song on the episode dated December 26, 2002, where J.T. serenades Colleen on her sixteenth birthday. Smith wrote a scene specifically for the song Luckinbill wrote, featuring J.T. playing his guitar at Colleen's Valentine's Day dance where he performed "Feel". After J.T. cheats on Colleen with Anita, Luckinbill wrote an untitled song in character for the show and performed it in character on the episode dated July 24, 2003.

Storyline
J.T. and Colleen meet in 2001 but they do not become involved until 2002 as he catches her doing drugs. He plans to use this information to hurt his nemesis and her uncle Billy Abbott (then played by David Tom), but changes his mind when she cries. They start up a friendship and Colleen develops a crush on him. She romantically pursues him by finding ways to bring them closer such as helping him study and getting tickets to see a concert. At first, J.T. only likes her as a kid sister. That slowly changes as he develops feelings for her. Colleen's family disapproves of their relationship despite J.T.'s insistence that they are only friends. John Abbott (Jerry Douglas) and Billy warn him to stay away from her. Her mother, Traci (Beth Maitland), decides to take her home to New York as a way of separating them. To keep from being separated from J.T., Colleen runs away and stays with J.T.'s friends, Raul Guittierez (David Lago) and Brittany Hodges (Lauren Woodland). This results in her being placed in juvenile detention while J.T. is brought up on charges. Traci offered to drop the charges against him if he convinced her daughter to come back to New York with her. He complies but stops her from leaving. Colleen's father, Brad Carlton (Don Diamont), convinces Traci to allow their daughter to stay with him and his wife and her sister Ashley Abbott (Eileen Davidson). Despite staying in Genoa City, she is not allowed to see J.T. They begin secretly spending time with each other in the Abbott family playhouse.

During one of their rendezvous, Colleen tries to seduce him, but J.T. convinces her to hold off on sex so they do not ruin their relationship. She continues to worry that, despite J.T.'s insistence that they not engage in sex, he will become bored with her because of his promiscuity in the past. He reassures her that he's fine, but then cheats on her with an older woman, Brittany's mother Anita Hodges (Mitzi Kapture-Donahue). Shortly afterwards, Brad gives them permission to date. Colleen finds out about J.T.'s affair with Anita and breaks up with him. They continue longing for each other and she forgives him enough to rebuild their friendship. The couple eventually admit they still love each other and reunite.

J.T. and Colleen become embroiled in Lily Winters' (Christel Khalil) drama with internet predator Kevin Fisher (Greg Rikaart). They discourage Lily from being with him. After Lily engages in illegal intercourse with him, Colleen tells Lily's parents, Neil (Kristoff St. John) and Drucilla (Victoria Rowell). They have him arrested. In retaliation, Kevin attempts to murder Colleen by locking her in a freezer inside a burning building. J.T. rescues her and carries her out of the building. The couple moves on from the Kevin ordeal as J.T. begins to focus on his music career. This serves as a roadblock in their romance as Colleen becomes jealous of J.T.'s closeness with other girls in his music video. During a press conference, he also lies to a reporter about not having a girlfriend. Though he attempts to explain why he did that, Colleen decides to move back to New York to live with her mother so she will not be standing in the way of J.T.'s career. During her time away, he develops romantic feelings for his long-time friend Brittany, who plans to marry Bobby Marsino (John Enos III). Colleen returns to Genoa City briefly and J.T. deals with his feelings for both her and Brittany. She ultimately leaves town again and returns in 2006 intent on reuniting with J.T. However, he is dating Mackenzie Browning (then played by Rachel Kimsey) at the time. Colleen attempts to break them up. Ultimately, Mac's dependence on Kevin during her pregnancy and miscarriage, as well as J.T.'s cheating with Victoria Newman (Amelia Heinle), break the couple up. Not long after that, he and Colleen reunite.

Colleen moves in with J.T. Shortly afterwards, they make love for the first time. His career as a private investigator causes trouble in their relationship since he is forced to keep secrets about his job from her. Colleen looks through his files and discovers that he is investigating her father. She forgives him for this, but is continually annoyed that he is unable to share information he has about his cases. She also develops an attraction to her college professor, Adrian Korbel (Eyal Podell). Trapped together during a snowstorm, Korbel and Colleen engage in sex. Guilty over the affair, she confesses to J.T. who breaks up with her. When Jana Hawkes (Emily O'Brien) attempts to murder Colleen and Kevin by trapping them in the freezer of a building she set fire too, J.T. and Korbel rescue them. J.T. attempts to reconcile with Colleen, but she chooses Korbel.

In 2007, J.T. and Colleen become friends again and she stands by him while his pregnant fiance, Victoria, is in a coma. When Colleen's father goes missing in 2009, she goes to J.T. for help finding him. They discover his dead body frozen in the ice of the river. He comforts her while she deals with her loss. Colleen blames Brad's longtime enemy and J.T.'s father-in-law, Victor Newman (Eric Braeden), for her father's death and attempts to get back at him by claiming Brad's seat on the Newman board. Victor orders J.T. to find something damaging on Colleen that will force her to give up the seat. J.T. does not follow Victor's orders, but Victor gets what he wants by paying Gloria and Jeffry Bardwell to catch Colleen in a compromising position. They pay a bartender to get her drunk. Under the influence of alcohol, she flashes her breasts in public, which Jeffrey catches on camera. Once the footage of her is made public, Colleen is asked to resign from the Newman board. This only brings J.T. and Colleen closer. They begin bringing up suppressed feelings and on August 17, 2009 they kiss and are spotted by a spy of Victor's. This soon is heard by the Newmans that J.T. was seen coming out of Colleen's home the next morning. Colleen is confronted by J.T.'s wife, Victoria. Colleen is kidnapped by her Uncles Jack's unstable ex-wife, Patty Williams. She escapes by canoe on the lake but falls into the water and nearly drowns. She is found by Jack and brought to the hospital. On September 22, it is confirmed that Colleen is brain dead because of her accident on the lake. On September 28, the doctors announce that Colleen is an organ donor, and Traci decides to give Colleen's heart to Victor Newman. On her death bed, a heartbroken J.T tells Colleen that he loves her and always will.

Reception and impact
J.T. and Colleen's romance first received a mixed response. Soap Opera Weekly said the age difference between the characters was an "unsettling factor", yet the magazine referred to them as The Young and the Restless''' "hottest young couple", describing them as having a "magic" quality and commended the soap opera for pairing them. Viewers initially rejected the pairing and rooted for Colleen to get a love interest her own age. However, the couple eventually gained popularity as their storyline progressed. The couple was voted fourth most romantic couple in all soap operas of 2003 in Soap Opera Update: The Year in Soaps. Viewers voted J.T. and Colleen as their favorite couple on The Young and the Restless in Soap Opera Digest polls multiple times until Fonseca's first exit in May 2004, and they topped the poll again for multiple weeks during her brief return, and fans of the pair also campaigned for a reunion between J.T. and Colleen when Fonseca returned as well as pushing for her to be put back on contract. Viewers voted her and Luckinbill's version of J.T. and Colleen the top The Young and the Restless couple in Soap Opera Digest. In October 2008, Soaps In Depth'' listed J.T. and Colleen among soap operas' 100 greatest couples.

See also
List of supercouples

References

The Young and the Restless characters
Soap opera supercouples


The Erro  (in Piedmontese Er) is a  torrent of north-west Italy, a right tributary of the Bormida.

Geography
The river rises in the Ligurian Province of Savona at an elevation  on Monte Ermetta, to the west of Monte Beigua. Having passed through the territory of Sassello, the river enters the Piedmontese Province of Alessandria at Ponte Erro (Malvicino). Its course takes it past Cartosio, Rivere, Castelletto d'Erro, Arzello, and Melazzo before joining the Bormida at Terzo, a little upstream from Acqui Terme at an elevation of .

Sources
The initial version of this article was a translation from :it:Erro (torrente), its counterpart in the Italian Wikipedia.

References

Rivers of Italy
Rivers of the Province of Savona
Rivers of the Province of Alessandria


Adolf Míšek (29 August 1875 Modletin – 20 October 1955 Prague) was a Czech double bassist and composer of the late romantic era.

Life

Born in Modletín (then a part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire), he left for Vienna at the age of 15 to study with Franz Simandl at the Vienna Conservatory. At the age of 23 Míšek joined the orchestra of the state opera in Vienna - a post he held concurrently with the professorship at the conservatory after the departure of Simandl in 1910-1914. After the World War I he left for Prague in 1920 to join the National Theatre as principal bassist and soloist. He taught also at the Prague Conservatory 1920-1934.

Works

Compositions for double bass
 Capriccio (1899)
 Concert Polonaise (1903)
 Legenda op. 3 (1903)
 Sonata in A major op. 5 (1909)
 Sonata in E minor op. 6 (1911)
 Sonata in F major op. 7 (rev. 1955)

Chamber music
 Kinderherzen op. 21 for violin (1903)
 Drei Tonstücke op. 22 for violin (1904)
 Sonatinka pro housle ve snadném slohu (for violin)
 Sonata for violin in E major
 Sonatina for violoncello
 Idyla for violoncello
 Piano trio op. 20 (1904)
 String quartet in A major
 String quartet in D major
 String quintet in E flat major (2v, vla, vc, cb)

Songs
 Čtverlístek písní op. 11
 Zdrávas Maria
 Čtvero písní (1930)

Pedagogic literature
 Method for scales and arpeggios for double bass with piano

Míšek wrote arrangements of Czech folk songs for choir, arranged various pieces for violin and double bass and he composed couple of marches and other pieces for wind ensembles.

Sources
 Seznam děl v Souborném katalogu ČR, jejichž autorem nebo tématem je Adolf Mišek
 Československý hudební slovník osob a institucí II. (M–Ž), 1965, Státní hudební vydavatelství, Praha
 Alfred Planyavsky, Herbert Seifert: Geschichte des Kontrabasses. Schneider, Tutzing 1984, .
 Friedrich Warnecke: Ad infinitum. Der Kontrabass. Seine Geschichte und seine Zukunft. Probleme und deren Lösung zur Hebung des Kontrabaßspiels. Autograph of the first print from 1909, Leipzig 2005, .

1875 births
1955 deaths
Czech classical composers
Czech male classical composers
Czech choral conductors
Academic staff of the Prague Conservatory


Berguñu is one of 54 parishes in Cangas del Narcea, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

Villages
Berguñu
Combarru
El Pládanu

References

Parishes in Cangas del Narcea


The Temple Lot Case (also known as the Temple Lot Suit and formally known as The Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, complainant, v. the Church of Christ at Independence, Missouri) was a United States legal case in the 1890s which addressed legal ownership of the Temple Lot, a significant parcel of land in the Latter Day Saint movement. In the case, the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (RLDS Church, now Community of Christ) claimed legal title of the land and asked the court to order the Church of Christ (Temple Lot) to cease its occupation of the property. The RLDS Church won the case at trial, but the decision was reversed on appeal.

Pre-trial ownership of Temple Lot
The Temple Lot is a small parcel of land in Independence, Missouri. In the early 1830s, the lot was designated by Joseph Smith as the site for a proposed temple for a prophesied city of "Zion" or "New Jerusalem". In 1831, Latter Day Saint Bishop Edward Partridge purchased the Temple Lot from Jones H. Flournoy and Clara Flournoy on behalf of Smith's Latter Day Saint church. Partridge held the property in trust for the church.

The proposed temple was never built on the site and the Latter Day Saints were ultimately driven out of Missouri. After this, legal title to the property became a matter of dispute, with three separate theories of who inherited legal title to the property. The Church of Christ (Temple Lot) (the "Hedrickites") ultimately found themselves in possession of the most prominent  portion of the  Bishop Partridge had purchased in 1831. On April 7, 1884, a Hedrickite conference authorized construction of a "house of worship" on the property, and on April 6, 1887, a building committee was formed and authorized by conference vote to immediately begin construction of the building. At their October 6, 1889 conference, the Hedrickites noted completion of the small church building on the northeast corner of the property, but no building was constructed on the exact site believed to have been designated for the temple—the central part of the sparsely-wooded field.

Pre-trial dispute

Observing lumber and other building materials rapidly accumulating on the site, on June 11, 1887, the RLDS Church served written notice to the Church of Christ (Temple Lot) to "cease and desist" performing any construction on the disputed site. However, construction continued and media reports of the day indicate that a habitable structure was in place as early as that summer of 1887. On September 10, 1888, visiting elders from the Utah-based the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) were welcomed and invited to lecture in the building, which apparently was completed by that time.

Trial
On August 6, 1891, the RLDS Church filed suit in the United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri claiming equitable title to the Temple Lot, which was under the control by the Temple Lot church. After Joseph Smith's death, the Latter Day Saint movement had splintered into a number of separate churches; Smith's son Joseph Smith III was the president of the RLDS Church and claimed that the RLDS Church was the rightful successor to the original Latter Day Saint church. The Temple Lot church originally claimed the property on the basis of legal title, but later in the case also argued that it was entitled to the land as the rightful successor of the original church. The Utah-based LDS Church also participated in the case, providing funds and legal advice to the Hedrickites.

Perhaps to bolster their legal claim to the property, a Hedrickite conference announced Sunday, April 9, 1893 that construction of a long-awaited Latter-day Saint Temple would begin on the disputed property. Evidently on advice of their attorney, however, the strategy was abandoned, and soon forgotten in the confusion of rumors.  The Chicago Tribune reported:

After days of hearings which commenced February 7, 1894, the trial court ruled in March 1894 that the RLDS Church was the rightful successor to the original Latter Day Saint church, and that as such it was entitled to ownership of the property. The court also held that the doctrine of laches did not apply since the Latter Day Saints had been driven out of Missouri and were therefore unable to assert their rights to the property.

Appeal
The Church of Christ (Temple Lot) appealed the trial court's decision to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. The appeals court disagreed with the trial court on the issue of laches, suggesting that the RLDS Church had unnecessarily delayed in asserting its rights over the property, and that in any case the legal title claims of the Hedrickites were probably superior to those of the RLDS Church. However, rather than reversing the decision of the trial court, the appeals court dismissed the case from the courts entirely, which meant that the controversy stood as though no case had ever been brought. In the result, the Hedrickites remained in possession of the Temple Lot by default.

The RLDS Church requested a second hearing by the Court of Appeals en banc but the motion was dismissed. The RLDS Church then sought to appeal the decision to the United States Supreme Court, but that court denied certiorari, which brought the case to a close.

Reactions
Leaders of the RLDS Church widely interpreted the result of the case as a technical vindication of the church's claim as being the rightful successor to the original Latter Day Saint church. Joseph Smith III and his successor, Israel A. Smith, both argued that the RLDS Church had been denied title to the Temple Lot merely because of the doctrine of laches, and that the courts had confirmed that otherwise their title was superior. The Temple Lot church has consistently maintained that the case stands as the final validation of their right to possess the Temple Lot. The LDS Church, although it assisted the Hedrickites in the case, has not taken an official position on the outcome of the case.

Impact
The case became an important source for documents related to Mormon plural marriage. To counteract RLDS claims to be the true successors to Joseph Smith Jr., the LDS Church assisted by having women give court testimony about their polygamist relationships with him.

See also
Kirtland Temple Suit

Notes

References
The Temple Lot Case [trial and appeal transcripts] (Lamoni, Iowa: Herald Publishing House, 1893)
Bert C. Flint, An Outline History of the Church of Christ (Temple Lot) (Independence, Mo.: Church of Christ, Temple Lot, 1979)

External links
"Decision of John F. Philips, judge, in Temple Lot case : the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints versus the Church of Christ, et al (1894)"
Full text of Complainant's abstract of pleading and evidence in The Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, complainant, vs. the Church of Christ at Independence, Missouri Published in 1893 by the RLDS Herald Publishing House, 507 pages of information about the "Temple Lot Suit"

Transcriptions of full witness statements for the Temple Lot case

1894 in United States case law
1895 in United States case law
Community of Christ
History of the Latter Day Saint movement
Independence, Missouri
Latter Day Saint movement in Missouri
Mormonism and law
Mormonism-related controversies
United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit cases
Law articles needing an infobox
Temple Lot
1894 in Christianity
1895 in Christianity
Church of Christ (Temple Lot)
19th-century Mormonism
1895 in Missouri
Christianity and law in the 19th century


"Dive! Dive! Dive!" is the third single from Bruce Dickinson's debut solo album, Tattooed Millionaire. It was released in August 1990.
The lyrical theme is a thinly veiled double entendre connecting submarines and the sexual act of cunnilingus.

Track listing
Dive! Dive! Dive! (Bruce Dickinson/Janick Gers) - 4:43
Riding With The Angels (Live) (Russ Ballard) - 4:21
Sin City (Live) (Angus Young/Bon Scott/George Young) - 4:50
Black Night (Live) (Ian Gillan/Ian Paice/Jon Lord/Ritchie Blackmore/Roger Glover) - 4:34

Personnel
Bruce Dickinson – vocals
Janick Gers – guitar
Andy Carr – bass
Dicki Fliszar – drums

Chart positions

References

1990 singles
Bruce Dickinson songs
Songs written by Bruce Dickinson
1990 songs
Sony Music singles


Izudin Daði Dervić (born 22 February 1963) is a former footballer. Born in Bosnia, he represented Iceland at international level.

Early life and career
Dervić was born in Bosnia and grew up in Prnjavor where he first started playing football. He later moved to Slovenia where he played for NK Olimpija Ljubljana before moving to Iceland in 1990 to play for Selfoss.

International career
Dervić received an Icelandic citizenship in May 1993 and took up the middle name Daði. Three weeks later he was selected to the Icelandic national team. He debuted for the team against Russia on 2 June 1993, becoming the first naturalized citizen to play for Iceland. He earned a total of 14 caps, scoring no goals. His final international was an August 1995 European Championship qualification match against Switzerland.

References

External links

 Izudin Dervić coaching career at KSÍ

1963 births
Living people
Footballers from Banja Luka
Icelandic people of Bosnia and Herzegovina descent
Men's association football defenders
Yugoslav men's footballers
Bosnia and Herzegovina men's footballers
Icelandic men's footballers
Iceland men's international footballers
NK Olimpija Ljubljana (1945–2005) players
Selfoss men's football players
Fimleikafélag Hafnarfjarðar players
Valur (men's football) players
Knattspyrnufélag Reykjavíkur players
Knattspyrnufélag Fjallabyggðar players
Knattspyrnufélagið Þróttur players
Ungmennafélagið Fjölnir players
Yugoslav First League players
Úrvalsdeild karla (football) players
1. deild karla players
3. deild karla players
Icelandic football managers
Icelandic people with family names


Laurence Elwyn Short  (15 December 1915 – 24 March 2009) was an Australian trade union leader and leading figure in the Australian Labor Party (ALP). Short was the national secretary of the Federated Ironworkers' Association (FIA), now part of the Australian Workers' Union, from 1951 to 1982.

Biography

Short at first supported the idea of communism in Australia, but then rejected communism and then was an important anti-communist union leader. Short ran against Ernest "Ernie" Thornton, a member of the Communist Party of Australia, in the 1949 FIA elections — Thornton at first claimed victory, but later his election was ruled invalid, and Short declared the winner. Short was a non-Catholic ally of B. A. Santamaria's Catholic Social Studies Movement, but was seen as playing a key role in preventing the New South Wales branch of the ALP from splitting along sectarian lines in the  Australian Labor Party split of 1955.

Honours
He was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 1971 by John Gorton's Liberal-Country Party Government, and this was followed in 1980 by his appointment as an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) by Malcolm Fraser.

Personal life
He married artist Nancy Borlase in 1941 and was father to journalist Susanna Short. Nancy died in 2002.

References

Further reading

See also summary at

1915 births
2009 deaths
Australian trade unionists
Officers of the Order of Australia
Australian Officers of the Order of the British Empire


Alumni Field may refer to:

Alumni Field (Kentucky State), in Frankfort, Kentucky
Alumni Field (Keene), New Hampshire
Alumni Field (Southeastern Louisiana University)
Alumni Memorial Field, the football field at the Virginia Military Institute
Alumni Field (Amherst, Massachusetts), a former sports location
Alumni Field (Boston College), the home to Boston College football before the Alumni Stadium
Stoklosa Alumni Field, Lowell, Massachusetts
Alumni Field (Wright State), in Dayton, Ohio
Alumni Field (York University), in Toronto, Ontario
The Baseball Factory Field at UMBC, formerly known as Alumni Field
Alfond Stadium (University of Maine), formerly known as Alumni Field
University of Windsor Stadium, also known as Alumni Field, Windsor, Ontario

See also

Alumni Stadium (disambiguation)
Alumni Arena (disambiguation)
Alumni Gym (disambiguation)
Alumni Hall (disambiguation)
Alumni House (disambiguation)


Petrus Peckius the Younger, also known as Petrus Pecquius or Pierre Peckius (born Pieter Peck; 1562 – 28 July 1625), was a diplomat and chancellor of Brabant for the Sovereign Archdukes Albert and Isabella. He is best known for a failed attempt to negotiate a renewal of the Twelve Years' Truce in 1621. He was the son of Petrus Peckius the Elder.

Peckius the Younger married Barbara-Maria Boonen, a daughter of Cornelius Boonen, a councillor in the Council of State, who was murdered in 1579 for his pro-Spanish sympathies. Her brother was Jacobus Boonen, archbishop of Mechelen from 1620. They had four children, one of whom, Pieter-Antonius, became a visitor-general of the Carthusian Order.

Career
Peck was born in Leuven.  In 1580 he matriculated at the University of Leuven, where his father was a law professor, and like his father he Latinized his name to Petrus Peckius, though he did not become an academic scholar. Instead, after obtaining his law degree he practiced law before the Great Council at Mechelen, the highest law court of the Habsburg Netherlands. In 1601 he was appointed Maître des requêtes at this court. In 1608 he was sent to the court of Henry IV of France as ambassador of the Archdukes Albert and Isabella. During this period the Twelve Years' Truce was negotiated, with French mediation, and Peckius tried to influence this process. He was in Paris when Henry IV was assassinated. He returned to the Spanish Netherlands in 1611 and was reappointed to the Great Council in Mechelen. In 1614 he became deputy-chancellor of the Duchy of Brabant and in 1616 chancellor. In the same year he was appointed a councillor in the Council of State and the Privy Council of the Archdukes. In 1620 he took part in the peace negotiations at Würzburg between the Bohemian insurgents and Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor during the first stage of the Thirty Years' War.

In 1621 he was sent to The Hague by the government in Brussels to negotiate a renewal of the Twelve Years' Truce with the States-General of the Netherlands. On travelling through Holland he was mobbed in Delft by hostile crowds, a breach of diplomatic immunity that his hosts claimed to have been powerless to prevent. Upon reaching The Hague he delivered a rather tactless address to the States-General on March 23, 1621, in which he proposed that the Dutch Republic would be left to run its own affairs in return for a nominal recognition of the sovereignty of the king of Spain. This suggestion was not well received by his hosts and he was sent back with an indignant rejection of his proposal. After this échec he seems to have fallen in disfavor. However, he had earlier been knighted and been made Lord of Boechout and Borsbeek. He died in Brussels.

Portrait
There is a portrait of Peckius by Peter Paul Rubens in the National Gallery of Scotland.

Notes

Sources
BRANTS (V.). “Pierre Peckius”. In: “Biographie Nationale”, XVI, pp. 784–792.
JACOBS, Joannes. (1775) "Petrus Peck" in:Wekelijks nieuws uit Loven, mede beschrijvinge diër stad, vol. 6, pp. 161–163

External links
 Peckius, Petrus in Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek

1562 births
1622 deaths
People of the Eighty Years' War
Politicians from Leuven
Old University of Leuven alumni
Ambassadors of the Habsburg Netherlands
Chancellors of Brabant
Flemish nobility


Carpilioidea is a superfamily of crabs containing a single extant family, Carpiliidae and three extinct families. The modern range of the family includes the Indo-Pacific, Western Atlantic and Caribbean Sea. The fossil record of the group extends back at least as far as the Paleocene.

Genera

Carpiliidae Ortmann, 1893
 Carpilius A. G. Desmarest, 1823
 Eocarpilius Blow & Manning, 1996
 Holcocarcinus Withers, 1924
 Ocalina Rathbun, 1929
 Palaeocarpilius A. Milne-Edwards, 1862
 Paraocalina Beschin, Busulini, De Angeli & Tessier, 2007
 Proxicarpilius Collins & Morris, 1978
Paleoxanthopsidae Schweitzer, 2003
 Jakobsenius Schweitzer, 2005
 Lobulata Schweitzer, Feldmann & Gingerich, 2004
 Palaeoxantho Bishop, 1986
 Palaeoxanthopsis Beurlen, 1958
 Paraverrucoides Schweitzer, 2003
 Remia Schweitzer, 2003
 Rocacarcinus Schweitzer, 2005
 Verrucoides Vega, Cosma, Coutiño, Feldmann, Nyborg, Schweitzer & Waugh, 2001
Tumidocarcinidae Schweitzer, 2005
 Baricarcinus Casadío, De Angeli, Feldmann, Garassino, Hetler, Parras & Schweitzer, 2004
 Cyclocorystes Bell, 1858
 Lobonotus A. Milne-Edwards, 1863
 Nitotacarcinus Schweitzer, Artal, Van Bakel, Jagt & Karasawa, 2007
 Paratumidocarcinus Martins-Neto, 2001
 Pulalius Schweitzer, Feldmann, Tucker & Berglund, 2000
 Titanocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1863
 Tumidocarcinus Glaessner, 1960
 Xanthilites Bell, 1858
Zanthopsidae Vía, 1959
 Fredericia Collins & Jakobsen, 2003
 Harpactocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1862
 Harpactoxanthopsis Vía, 1959
 Martinetta Blow & Manning, 1997
 Neozanthopsis Schweitzer, 2003
 Zanthopsis M’Coy, 1849

References

External links

Crabs
Extant Paleocene first appearances


H. Wayne Driggs (1902–1951) was the son of Howard R. Driggs and his wife Eva F. Driggs.

Driggs studied at the University of Utah and New York University.  He wrote the script used in the 1937 Hill Cumorah Pageant, which was the first year the pageant was produced.  He was a professor at NYU at that time.  Driggs' script, with only a few changes, would remain the script used in the Hill Cumorah Pageant until 1987.

In 1945 Driggs became the president of the institution that would latter be called Southern Utah University.  He was still in this position at the time of his death in 1951.

In 1934 Driggs had married Susan Elizabeth Swensen.  They had five children.

Sources

External links
The H. Wayne Driggs Papers
Driggs Foundation bio on the family
Find A Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed 15 December 2017), memorial page for Howard Wayne Driggs (9 Mar 1902–20 Jul 1951), Find A Grave Memorial no. 76794, citing Pleasant Grove City Cemetery, Pleasant Grove, Utah County, Utah, USA ; Maintained by Brenda (contributor 47111878) . https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/76794/howard-wayne-driggs

1902 births
1951 deaths
H. Wayne
Latter Day Saints from New York (state)
Latter Day Saints from Utah
New York University alumni
New York University faculty
Southern Utah University faculty
University of Utah alumni


Cangas del Narcea is one of 54 parishes in Cangas del Narcea, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. The town of Cangas del Narcea is the capital of the council of the same name.

It is located in the north-central area of the council.

Localities
According to the nomenclature of 201312 the parish is formed by the towns of:

Cangas del Narcea (village): 6,592 inhabitants.

Curriellos (hamlet): 39 inhabitants.

Llamas de Ambasaguas (officially, in Asturian, Llamas)4 (hamlet): 26 inhabitants.

El Pinar (neighborhood): 2 inhabitants.

Las Carballidas (place): 2 inhabitants.

La Cogolla (place): 9 inhabitants.

La Cortinona (place): 4 inhabitants.

San Tirso (San Tisu) (place): 24 inhabitants.

Sienra (place): 55 inhabitants.

Parishes in Cangas del Narcea


Throughout its history, Toronto has been a city divided into many districts and neighbourhoods. As the city has grown, new neighbourhoods have been created by expansion of the city into the countryside. Over time, the neighbourhoods within existing areas have also been altered and rearranged.

The variety and breadth of neighbourhoods within the city has led to the moniker "the city of neighbourhoods".

New Town and Old Town
Before incorporation as a city in 1834, Toronto was known as York. For about two decades from its inception in 1793, most residents settled in an area bounded by present-day Jarvis and Parliament streets, south of Queen Street East (then known as Lot Street), and north of Front Street, which at the time was at the waterfront. By 1815, this area was known as Old Town, as a new neighbourhood formed to its west. Extending from present-day Jarvis street to Peter Street (and Blue Jay Way), south of Queen Street West and north of Front Street, this became known as New Town. Sparsely populated in 1815, New Town grew rapidly during the 1820s and 1830s, and a rivalry formed between the two neighbourhoods, especially for the location of the Parliament Buildings.

The early ward system

The earliest Toronto neighbourhoods were the five municipal wards that the city was split into in 1834. The wards were named for the patron saints of the four nations of the British Isles (St. George, St. Andrew, St. Patrick, and St. David) and St. Lawrence, the patron saint of Canada. Today, only St. Lawrence remains a well-known neighbourhood name. The others have attached their names to a variety of still existing landmarks including three subway stations. As Toronto grew, more wards were created, still named after prominent saints. St. James Ward is preserved in the modern St. James Town neighbourhood, while the northern ward of St. Paul's has continued to the present as a federal and provincial electoral district.

Rural villages
Early 19th century Toronto was a town of a few thousand people. Most of the rest of the region that today makes up the city was rural farmland dotted with small villages. Some towns such as Norway have disappeared leaving only a few traces, but many others, such as Malvern and Wexford have become well known neighbourhoods in the Toronto suburbs. On the main routes leaving the city, small inns and taverns were established, often around the toll booths that were placed on the early highways and these often developed into small towns. There were three main routes out of the city: Kingston Road leading to the east, Yonge Street going north, and Dundas Street heading west. Weston Road was another early route that saw some communities develop. A second type of town that developed in the hinterland surrounding early Toronto were small towns to support the farms that covered most of the region. These tended to develop at the intersection of two concession roads and were usually based around a post office or a small church.

Railway towns
In the second half of the nineteenth century, several rail lines were built across the Toronto area. This led to another group of towns being founded as rail lines and rail stations quickly became focal points for the creation of new towns and neighbourhoods. The most important was the Grand Trunk Railway line running along the shore of Lake Ontario. The central Union Station was the meeting point of a number of lines, and this contributed to the growth of industry throughout the area between Queen Street and the lakeshore. East and west of downtown, the major stations were established at Parkdale and Riverside South, they both became centres of activity. Hotels, such as the Gladstone and New Broadview House, opened to serve travellers.

Parts of town that had once been home to small rural communities were transformed by the railway into major industrial areas. To the northwest of the city, the small towns of Carleton and Davenport were subsumed into The Junction and it became the site of many large factories and warehouses. To the east, the towns of Strangford and Mortlake became known as Scarborough Junction.

Further away from town, the railways also altered geography. New communities developed around railway yards and facilities to house the workers. The largest of these was East Toronto, which developed east of the city around the Grand Trunk's main yards. In the eastern part of Scarborough, Irish railway workers built up the town of West Hill. The existing small town of Leaside grew rapidly after a maintenance yard was built nearby.

Urban slums and streetcar suburbs

By the end of the 19th century, the centre of old Toronto had become an almost wholly industrial and commercial area. Some residents stayed behind in these districts, generally poorer citizens and newly arrived immigrants. These became some of Toronto's first ethnically-based neighbourhoods. The working class Irish who laboured in many of the factories were concentrated in the eastern part of the city, and these neighbourhoods were named Cabbagetown and Corktown after them. Jewish immigrants also began arriving in considerable numbers at the end of the 19th century, and they settled in a region that was known as The Ward, centred at the corner of Bay Street and a collection of side streets that would later become Dundas Street. In the early 20th century, Chinatown would develop into another important neighbourhood just to the east.

Middle and upper class residents left the core and moved into new areas further out, creating a number of new neighbourhoods. A ring of former farmland around the city was thus developed into new residential areas. These included The Annex, named for its annexation to the city of Toronto, and the former village of Yorkville. This process accelerated considerably at the end of the century with the introduction of the streetcar. The streetcar allowed residents living outside the central business district to travel to work with ease. New areas, again mostly middle and upper class, grew up along the streetcar lines creating new neighbourhoods like Riverdale, The Beaches, Birch Cliff,  North Toronto, and Parkdale. Working class streetcar suburbs developed in New Toronto, Mimico and Long Branch in what is now Etobicoke.

Postal districts
By the 1920s, most of the neighbourhoods of old Toronto had been established. In a non-comprehensive list a 1925 writer to the Toronto Star listed Rosedale, Riverdale, Parkdale High Park, Junction, Danforth, Earlscourt, Wychwood, Willowvale, North Toronto, Beach, and Leaside. All of these neighbourhoods are still commonly used today, with the exception of Willowvale, which is now known as Christie Pits, the name of the park it surrounds having been changed the same way.

In 1925, the Post Office divided Toronto into ten postal zones (see map), in an effort to facilitated mail sorting in an era before postal codes. There was no obligation to use the zone numbers, and were originally not widely adopted. After the Second World War, the zone numbers did begin to be used extensively. The postal districts became one of the primary ways of dividing up the city. Residents frequently described themselves as living in Toronto 2 or Toronto 10. The system was retained until 1971, with gradual modification. New zones were added as the city expanded outwards and downtown zones were subdivided as the number of homes and businesses in the core increased. By 1966, the urban areas of the city were covered by 19 zones, while more distant areas had one-letter codes, such as R for Rexdale and W for Willowdale.

The suburbs and downtown clearances

The years after the Second World War saw a dramatic change to the neighbourhoods of Toronto. The automobile made even more distant suburbs possible, and the baby boom encouraged their rapid construction. The next thirty years saw an explosion of growth in the townships around the city, and the region that soon became known as Metro Toronto. Scarborough, North York, and Etobicoke were transformed from largely rural farmland into vast stretches of housing. The early suburban developers did not put much emphasis on creating neighbourhoods, though in time many of these areas developed strong  communities. Some suburbs embraced the names of the small villages that had once been there. Many others were given monikers by the developers marketing the projects.

During this same era the downtown neighbourhoods saw significant changes. The Financial District was growing northwards and The Ward and many of the oldest parts of Chinatown were demolished to make way for new projects, such as Toronto City Hall. The Yorkville neighbourhood was also transformed from one of homes to one of hotels and stores.

The government also demolished many other areas labelled as "slums", replacing them with modern housing projects that were hypothesized to lead to much better lives for the inhabitants. Thus large parts of Cabbagetown and Corktown were levelled to build Regent Park and Moss Park, while St. James Town was transformed into a series of massive highrises similar to Le Corbusier's "Towers in the Park" plan. In the suburbs, municipal governments also created new high rise neighbourhoods such as Flemingdon Park and Crescent Town. Such projects came to a halt by the end of the 1970s when it was realized that such housing projects often became poverty stricken and crime ridden, while many of the untouched parts of Cabbagetown were quickly becoming some of the most desirable in the city. Under mayor David Crombie, new attempts at social housing were launched, such as the St. Lawrence neighbourhood. These have managed to obtain similar densities without the social problems of earlier projects.

Neighbourhood revival
In the post-war years many traditional neighbourhood names faded as postal district numbers were in common use and many older neighbourhoods declined. The name Riverdale was one that faded as the once middle class area became much poorer. A 1964 Toronto Star series labelled the entire area north of Gerrard as The Danforth. A real estate agent working in the area for several years in the 1970s also reported never hearing the area referred to as Riverdale.

Residents and real estate soon found that giving neighbourhoods distinct names and identities made them more attractive. The 1970s thus saw much of the city divided into neighbourhoods. Older neighbourhood names were restored, such as Riverdale, though not before an attempt by real estate agents to rechristen the area Cabbagetown II, after the rapidly gentrifying area across the river. Other areas that had never before had clear names were given them. Some like Leslieville were taken from historic villages that once existed in the area. Others were based upon neighbouring districts such as the Upper Beaches. Not all such attempts at naming areas were successful. Attempts to dub areas as Chester Village or the South Annex never won acceptance.

Post-industrial Toronto

By the 1980s almost all the open areas within the limits of Metro Toronto had been developed, with most of the growth in brand new developments occurring in the belt around Toronto known as the 905. This same era saw a deindustrialization of central Toronto, as almost all the factories and warehouses that had once dominated the waterfront disappeared. This created wide expanses for new developments and new neighbourhoods. A number of new communities have developed and are developing in these post-industrial zones, the largest of them being CityPlace on the former railway lands. To the west and east other residential and cultural zones have appeared in areas such as Liberty Village and the Distillery District. Other stretches of the waterfront, such as the West Donlands, and the Portlands are still mostly empty, and awaiting redevelopment programmes.

With the disappearance of open spaces in the city of Toronto and the revitalization of the downtown there has been considerable condominium construction creating residential communities in areas that were once almost wholly commercial, such as the Financial District and Yorkville. The suburbs have also seen considerable densification. North York Centre has grown into a large cluster of condominiums and office buildings and a similar, though less dramatic process, is occurring at Scarborough City Centre. Since the completion of the Sheppard subway line in 2002, there has been a boom in condominium construction along the route.

See also

History of Toronto
List of neighbourhoods in Toronto
Architecture of Toronto

References
Kalman, Harold D. A History of Canadian Architecture. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1994.

Notes

History of Toronto


"Tattooed Millionaire" is the first single from Bruce Dickinson's debut solo album, Tattooed Millionaire. It was released on 11 April 1990. "Tattooed Millionaire" reached number 18 on the UK charts. The promotional video was directed by Storm Thorgerson. According to Ultimate Classic Rock, the song is about "celebrity tabloid rockers". A 1990 review published in The Georgia Straight, says the song takes a not-so-subtle stab at the excesses of the L.A. rock ’n’ roll lifestyle, particularly that led by Vince Neil and his Motley gang. Nikki Sixx has said that he heard the song is about him, inspired by Dickinson's then-wife cheating on him with Sixx, though Sixx claims Dickinson found out about the affair after reading The Dirt.

Track listing
 Tattooed Millionaire – 4:29
 Ballad of Mutt – 3:37
 Winds of Change – 3:23

Personnel
 Bruce Dickinson – vocals
 Janick Gers – guitar
 Andy Carr – bass
 Fabio Del Rio – drums

Chart positions

References

External links
 Bruce Dickinson explains what a Tattooed Millionaire is

1990 singles
Bruce Dickinson songs
Songs written by Bruce Dickinson
1990 songs
Sony Music singles
Music videos directed by Storm Thorgerson


Castañedo is one of 54 parishes in Cangas del Narcea, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

Villages
 Augüera de Castanéu
 Castanéu
 El Táranu
 Sierra

Parishes in Cangas del Narcea


The Boal surname is a variant of Bowell and Boyle. It is common in people of English, Welsh, and Irish descent. In Ireland it is a variant of Boyle while in northern Ireland it developed from the name Bowell.

Notable people with the surname include:

Augusto Boal (1931-2009), Brazilian theater director
Carmine Boal (born 1956), American politician
Desmond Boal (born 1929 ), Northern Ireland politician and barrister
Don Boal (1907–1953), Canadian rower
Iain Boal, Irish social historian
James McClellan Boal, American politician
Mark Boal (born 1973), American journalist, screenwriter and film producer
Peter Boal (born 1965), American balletmaster and former New York City Ballet principal
Robert Boal (1806–1903), American politician and physician
Theodore Davis Boal (1867–1938), American army veteran (Colonel) and architect
Walter Boal (born c. 1879), All-American football player and hammer thrower
William Boal (died 1970), imprisoned for association with Mail Train robbery in 1963

See also
Boal, Spanish municipality in Asturias
Boal (disambiguation)

References

External links
The Boal Surname in the United States
Boal Family Genealogy Forum
Boal Mansion Museum
Genealogical mailing list

Surnames


"You're the One" is a song by Petula Clark with lyrics by Tony Hatch, recorded in 1965. It was later also included on the 1965 album I Know a Place. "You're the One" was a Top 30 hit on the UK Singles Chart for Clark, but was more successful as a top ten US single release by The Vogues.

History
Petula Clark thus describes the genesis of "You're the One": "we [Clark and Tony Hatch] were making yet another LP, and that's like twelve [or] thirteen songs. He'd written twelve, and he said, 'Listen, I haven't got a number thirteen in me at all. Write something.' And I said, 'Okay. I'll try.' And I wrote the melody of 'You're the One.' And he wrote the lyric." As was standard with Clark's tracks produced by Hatch, "You're the One" was recorded at Pye Studios in Marble Arch. Hatch also conducted for the session whose personnel featured Bobby Graham on drums, Big Jim Sullivan on guitar and The Breakaways vocal group.

Originally there were no plans to issue a follow-up to the "I Know a Place" single off its parent album; instead two newly recorded Petula Clark singles were consecutively released: "You'd Better Come Home" and "Round Every Corner" both of which barely made the UK Top 50. Both singles were substantially more successful in the US where each neared the Top 20 in respectively the summer and autumn of 1965. However the US chart impact of Clark's own singles in the latter half of 1965 paled next to that of a recording of Clark's composition "You're the One" by the Vogues which reached No. 4 in the US and Canada that autumn.

Recorded at Gateway Studios in Pittsburgh, "You're the One" was the first track to be credited to the Vogues although the group had previously recorded as the Val-Aires. Pittsburgh-based record producer Nick Cenci had already cut "You're the One" with a local band called the Racket Squad; after hearing the Val-Aires audition tape, Cenci decided that that group's lead singer Bill Burkette could sing "You're the One" more effectively than Racket Squad vocalist Sonny DiNunzio. Accordingly, DiNunzio's vocals were erased from the master, so that Burkette could record a fresh vocal over the instrumentation played by the Racket Squad's members.

Cenci approached Jim Rook, program director of KQV, with the Vogues' "You're the One" and KQV became the first radio station to play the record, which entered the KQV "Finest Forty" chart in July 1965, and that August broke in Detroit and San Diego. prior to breaking nationally that September.

The burgeoning success of the Vogues' "You're the One" had alerted Petula Clark's UK label, Pye Records, to the track's hit potential with Pye rush releasing Clark's own version as a single which entered the UK chart in November 1965 and peaked at No. 23. According to Chuck Blasco of the Vogues, Clark's US label, Warner Bros., had also intended to issue Clark's version as a single to vie with the Vogues' version in the US, but Clark vetoed the idea saying: "Let the boys have the hit". The Vogues' version did have a UK release on London Records but did not garner enough interest to share the UK charts with Clark's version.

In the autumn of 1965 four versions of "You're the One" charted in Australia with that by Petula Clark becoming the major hit at No. 4. Besides the Vogues version, which reached No. 55, two local covers of "You're the One" charted with that by Col Joye reaching No. 41 while that by Yvonne Barrett—charting in tandem with its B-side "Little People"—reached No. 58.

A No. 30 hit for Petula Clark in the Netherlands, "You're the One" also afforded the Vogues a top ten hit in Canada (No. 4) and New Zealand.

Unique among Clark's hit singles as the only English language hit in which she had a hand in writing, "You're the One" was rendered by Clark in French, German and Italian; the French version was entitled "Un Mal Pour Un Bien" (French No. 6), the German "Deine Liebe ist wunderbar".

Clark performed the song live in the 1965 concert film The Big T.N.T. Show.

The 1967 album release Pet Project by the Bob Florence Big Band features an instrumental version of "You're the One", the album being devoted to songs associated with Petula Clark.

Rocky Sharpe and the Replays remade "You're the One" for a 1981 single (Chiswick Records).

A Finnish rendering of "You're the One", "Sinä Vain", was a 1966 single release for Eero.

Chart history
Petula Clark

The Vogues

Col Joye

Yvonne Barrett

In media
The Vogues' cover was featured in the Netflix limited series The Queen's Gambit (episode "Doubled Pawns").

References

External links

The Vogues songs
Petula Clark songs
1965 songs
1965 singles
Songs written by Tony Hatch
Song recordings produced by Tony Hatch
Pye Records singles


Myrsine lessertiana, the kōlea lau nui, is a species of colicwood that is endemic to Hawaii.  It inhabits dry, coastal mesic, mixed mesic, and wet forests at elevations of  on all main islands. M. lessertiana is a small to medium-sized tree, reaching a height of  and a trunk diameter of .

Uses
Native Hawaiians used kōlea lau nui wood to make papa olonā (Touchardia latifolia scrapers), kua kuku (kapa anvils), pou (house posts), kaola (beams) and pale (gunwales) and manu (ornamental end pieces) for waa (outrigger canoes).  Kōlea lau nui bark was boiled in water to make hili kōlea (a red dye), which was then used on kapa. Its leaves have been used for visions and revelation, and when smoked produce a high euphoric effect and visuals similar to those of LSD.

References

lessertiana
Plants described in 1841
Endemic flora of Hawaii
Trees of Hawaii
Flora without expected TNC conservation status


Red Cross is the 33rd and final studio album by American fingerstyle guitarist and composer John Fahey, released posthumously in 2003. The Revenant Records catalog refers to the album's title as Red Cross Disciple of Christ Today.

History
Red Cross was Fahey's last album, recorded a few months before his death in February 2001. The album was intended for release in 2001 but was delayed due to Fahey's declining health. The title was derived from a sermon recorded in 1928 by Rev. Moses Mason titled "Red Cross Disciple of Christ Today".

The CD includes a hidden track titled "Untitled with Rain", the majority of which is ambient noise of the empty recording studio. The liner notes are by Cul de Sac member and former collaborator Glenn Jones.

Reception

Again commenting on Fahey's "unpredictability", critic Jim Caligiuri states in his No Depression review "... there are expansive and decidedly nontraditional interpretations of such standards as Irving Berlin's "Remember" and George & Ira Gershwin's "Summertime". But there are also a couple of electric guitar musings that are equally haunting and full of intrigue."

Uncut stated Red Cross "...marks a surprising reconciliation with his old style... for contemplative rather than alienating ends [he] turns uptown standards... into spectral, rustic laments. A bewitching last testament.

In his Allmusic review, music critic Brandon Burke called it "...a more personal and reflective approach... there are still a handful of effects and avant-garde dissonances on this recording but even these are used sparingly... these passages augment some of the most warm and vulnerable playing we've heard out of Fahey in a very long time... listeners unfamiliar with his more recent leanings will get an abbreviated taste of them here. A highly recommended, confusing, yet ultimately fitting end to a brilliant career. Writing for Entertainment Weekly, Marc Weingarten summed up the album writing "It sounds spacey and ancient at the same time—and it's all oddly moving."

Critic Eric Carr summed up his Pitchfork Media review "Even if Red Cross is less of a striking conclusion than a broad summation, it's a tragedy to allow the vague recognitions elicited here to evaporate into nothing. It's silence in remembrance of a talented, haunted man, but he deserves a eulogy, and his guitar speaks better than anyone ever could."

Track listing
All songs by John Fahey unless otherwise noted.
 "Remember" (Irving Berlin) – 4:41
 "Red Cross, Disciple of Christ Today" – 4:05
 "Summertime" (George Gershwin, Ira Gershwin, DuBose Heyward) – 5:40
 "Ananaias" – 7:31
 "Motherless Child" (Traditional) – 8:22
 "Charley Bradley's Ten-Sixty-Six Blues" – 3:23
 "Untitled with Rain" – 24:00

Personnel
John Fahey – guitar
Tim Knight – organ, chimes ("Untitled with Rain")
Rob Scrivner – bass ("Untitled with Rain")
Production notes
Dean Blackwood – producer
Glenn Jones – liner notes
Noel Waggener – artwork, design

References

External links
Railroad Plough to Valhalla

2003 albums
John Fahey (musician) albums
Albums published posthumously
Revenant Records albums


Cibea is one of 54 parishes in Cangas del Narcea, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

Villages
 L'Abechera
 Ḷḷamera
 La Riela de Cibea
 La Reguera'l Cabu
 Sigueiru
 Sonande
 Surrodiles
 Vaḷḷáu
 Viḷḷar de los Indianos
 Viḷḷeirín

References

Parishes in Cangas del Narcea


Basement Jams is the third studio album by Tom Green. It was released in 2008 in download only format on his website tomgreen.com.

Track listing
"My Introduction"
"All She Wrote"
"Show You How"
"Dangerous"
"Such a Rush"
"Bobbin' to the Right"
"Focus"
"Rap Overdose"
"Sound So Wack"
"State of Emergency"
"Bum Bum 2007"
"Losin' It"

External links
Album Store

Tom Green albums
2008 albums
Self-released albums


The Silver Slugger Award is awarded annually to the best offensive player at each position in both the American League (AL) and the National League (NL), as determined by the coaches and managers of Major League Baseball (MLB). These voters consider several offensive categories in selecting the winners, including batting average, slugging percentage, and on-base percentage, in addition to "coaches' and managers' general impressions of a player's overall offensive value". Managers and coaches are not permitted to vote for players on their own team. The Silver Slugger was first awarded in 1980 and is given by Hillerich & Bradsby, the manufacturer of Louisville Slugger bats. The award is a bat-shaped trophy, 3 feet (91 cm) tall, engraved with the names of each of the winners from the league and plated with sterling silver.

Among third basemen, Wade Boggs has won the most Silver Slugger Awards, winning eight times with the rival Boston Red Sox (six) and New York Yankees (two). In the National League, Mike Schmidt leads with six wins; Schmidt won the first five National League Silver Slugger Awards at third base from 1980, when he led the Philadelphia Phillies to the World Series, until 1984 when his streak was broken by Tim Wallach. Nolan Arenado collected four National League Silver Sluggers at third base with the Colorado Rockies from 2015 to 2018, and a fifth with the St. Louis Cardinals in 2022. Yankees third baseman Alex Rodriguez has won three American League Silver Sluggers at the position, and has ten wins in his career as he accumulated seven wins at shortstop with the Seattle Mariners and Texas Rangers. Two National League third basemen have also won three Silver Sluggers. Matt Williams won the award in 1990, 1993, and 1994, when he was on pace to tie Roger Maris' home run record of 61 before the players' strike; Vinny Castilla won three awards in four years for the Colorado Rockies (1995, 1997–1998). José Ramírez and Nolan Arenado are the most recent winners.

George Brett hit .390 for the Kansas City Royals in the award's inaugural season, the highest average by a third baseman in the Silver Slugger era. Miguel Cabrera holds the National League batting average record for a third baseman (.339 in 2006). However, overall leader Boggs accumulated five winning seasons with a higher batting average than Cabrera's record. Boggs holds the record for the highest on-base percentage in a third baseman's winning season, with .476 in 1988; Chipper Jones' National League record is .441, achieved in 1999. Brett also holds the record for highest slugging percentage (.664 in 1980), followed by National League record-holder Schmidt (.644 in 1981). Schmidt's 48 home runs are tied with Adrián Beltré for most in the National League during an award-winning season. Despite this, Rodriguez holds the Major League record, with 54 home runs in 2007. Rodriguez batted in 156 runs during the 2007 season; the National League record is held by Castilla (144 runs batted in during 1998).

Key

American League winners

National League winners

References

Inline citations

External links
Louisville Slugger - The Silver Slugger Award

Silver Slugger Award
Awards established in 1980


86th Brigade may refer to:

 86th Mixed Brigade, a unit of the Spanish Republican Army
 86th Brigade (United Kingdom)
 86th Infantry Brigade Combat Team, a unit of the United States Army

See also
 86th Division (disambiguation)
 86th Wing (disambiguation)
 86th Regiment (disambiguation)


Cibuyo (Asturian: Cibuyu) is one of the 54 parishes in Cangas del Narcea, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.  It has 316 inhabitants and sits at an elevation of 580 m.

Villages
 Arbolente
 Cibuyu
 Folgueirúa
 Las Frauguas
 Outás
 Saburciu
 San Esteba
 Soutu
 Veiga'l Castru

References

Parishes in Cangas del Narcea


The Strecker degradation is a chemical reaction which converts an α-amino acid into an aldehyde containing the side chain, by way of an imine intermediate. It is named after Adolph Strecker, a German chemist.

The original observation by Strecker involved the use of alloxan as the oxidant in the first step, followed by hydrolysis:

The reaction can take place using a variety of organic and inorganic reagents.

References

Organic reactions
Name reactions
Degradation reactions


"Always Strapped" is the first single from rapper Birdman's fourth studio album, Priceless. It was released officially on iTunes on March 17, 2009. The song features Lil Wayne and Mack Maine and was produced by Mr. Beatz. The song is a rework of a 2006 leak of the same name.

Background
In 2006, a version of this song leaked online with Lil Wayne and Juelz Santana. It is believed this version was intended for their shelved collaborative album, "I Can't Feel My Face". Then, in November 2006, another version leaked online on a bootleg mixtape by DJ Joey Fingaz, believed to be a leftover from Like Father, Like Son. Lil Wayne used the same first verse as the previous version, although re-recorded and Juelz Santana was replaced with Birdman. The final version released 3 years later, in 2009, featured the same vocals from the leaked version with Birdman and Lil Wayne, but with a new instrumental. Mack Maine was later added to the song also.

Music video
There are two videos for the song, first the original version of the song and the remix version of the song.

The first video was premiered on MTV Jams, Sucker Free Sunday, and MTV.com on June 14, 2009, and was the video for the original version of the song. Birdman and Lil Wayne raps their verses from the original version of the song. However, Mack Maine is featured in the video and raps his own new verse.
This version ranked at #18 on BET's Notarized: Top 100 Videos of 2009 countdown.

The second video was the remix premiered on BET's 106 & Park on June 15, 2009. The remix video featured Young Jeezy and Rick Ross, who also filmed his part on the video. DJ Khaled, Lil' Twist, Rick Ross, 2 Pistols, Yo Gotti, All Star Cashville Prince, and Kevin Rudolf make appearances in the video. Birdman, Lil' Wayne, Young Jeezy and Rick Ross rap their verses from the remix version of the song.

Remixes and versions
Original "I Can't Feel My Face" Version: Lil Wayne (featuring Juelz Santana)
Original "Like Father, Like Son" Version: Lil Wayne & Birdman
Album and video Version (credited as "Always Strapped (Remix)": Birdman (featuring Lil Wayne & Mack Maine)
Single version: Birdman (featuring Lil Wayne)
Official remix version: Birdman (featuring DJ Khaled, Lil Wayne, Young Jeezy & Rick Ross)

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

2009 singles
Birdman (rapper) songs
Lil Wayne songs
Mack Maine songs
Cash Money Records singles
Gangsta rap songs
Songs written by Lil Wayne
2009 songs


Marc Brettler (Marc Zvi Brettler) is an American biblical scholar, and the Bernice and Morton Lerner Professor in Judaic Studies at Duke University. He earned his B.A., M.A., and PhD from Brandeis University, where he previously served as Dora Golding Professor of Biblical Studies.  He researches biblical metaphors, the Bible and gender, biblical historical texts, the book of Psalms, and the post-biblical reception of the Hebrew Bible, including in the New Testament.  He is a co-founder of the website thetorah.com, which integrates critical and traditional methods of studying the Bible.

In 2004, Brettler won the National Jewish Book Award for The Jewish Study Bible.

Books
 The Bible With and Without Jesus: How Jews and Christians Read the Same Stories Differently, with Amy-Jill Levine, San Francisco: HarperOne, 2020.
 The Bible and the Believer: How to Read the Bible Critically and Religiously, with Peter Enns and Daniel J. Harrington, New York: Oxford University Press, 2012 (reprint edition 2015).
 The Jewish Annotated New Testament, with Amy-Jill Levine, New York: Oxford University Press, 2011 (second edition 2017).
 How to Read the Bible, Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 2005 (republished with minor revisions as How to Read the Jewish Bible, New York: Oxford University Press, 2007).
 The Jewish Study Bible, with Adele Berlin, New York: Oxford University Press 2004 (second edition 2014).
 The Book of Judges: Old Testament Readings, London: Routledge, 2001.
 Biblical Hebrew for Students of Modern Hebrew, New Haven: Yale University Press, 2001.
 The Creation of History in Ancient Israel, London: Routledge Press, 1995 (paperback 1998).
 God is King: Understanding an Israelite Metaphor, Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1989 (republished 2009).

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Jewish biblical scholars
American biblical scholars
Brandeis University faculty
Brandeis University alumni
20th-century Jewish biblical scholars
21st-century Jewish biblical scholars

Jewish American academics
Duke University faculty


Courias is one of 54 parishes in Cangas del Narcea, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. The monastery-Parador of San Juan Bautista de Courias is located there.

Villages
 La Gubia
 Courias
 Retuertas
 San Pedru de Courias
 Santana
 Vaḷḷinas

References

Parishes in Cangas del Narcea


"You're the Reason" is a song by Bobby Edwards, released as a single in the United States in 1961. The song reached number four on the Hot C&W Sides chart and number 11 on the Hot 100 chart.

Chart performance

Bobby Edwards

Joe South

Hank Locklin

Johnny Tillotson

Cover versions
The tune was later covered by Arthur Alexander, Gerry and the Pacemakers, Joe South, Johnny Tillotson, Hank Locklin, Hank III and John Fogerty on his album The Blue Ridge Rangers.

References

1961 singles
Bobby Edwards songs
Joe South songs
Hank Locklin songs
Johnny Tillotson songs
Songs written by Terry Fell
1961 songs
Crest Records singles


Military fiction is a genre of fiction, focusing on military activities, such as war, battles, combat, fighting; or military life.

Classes of military fiction
Types of military fiction include:
 War novels, including written military fiction
 War films, military fiction in cinema
 Military and war video games

Subgenres of military fiction include:
 Military science fiction
 Naval fiction
 Indian military fiction (of India)

Works and elements of military fiction
Works of military fiction:
 List of military science fiction works and authors

Elements of military fiction:
 Military spacecraft in fiction

Creators of military fiction
 Military-entertainment complex
 List of military science fiction works and authors

References

See also
 W.Y. Boyd Literary Award for Excellence in Military Fiction
 Military history
 Western (genre)
 Chivalric romance (genre)
 Chanbara (genre)
 Wuxia (genre)

Military science fiction
Genres


Hestiasula is a genus of Asian praying mantids in the subfamily Oxypilinae of the family Hymenopodidae.

Species
Hestiasula brachyptera Villani, 2016
Hestiasula brunneriana Saussure, 1871
Hestiasula castetsi Bolivar, 1897
Hestiasula ceylonica Beier, 1956
Hestiasula gyldenstolpei Werner, 1930
Hestiasula kastneri Beier, 1942
Hestiasula masoni Giglio-Tos, 1915
Hestiasula nigrofemorata Werner, 1930
Hestiasula woodi Giglio-Tos, 1915
Hestiasula zhejiangensis Zhou & Shen, 1992

Additional images

See also
List of mantis genera and species
Boxer mantis

References

Mantodea genera
Acromantinae
Taxa named by Henri Louis Frédéric de Saussure


Thomas Starr (1813–1890) was a Cherokee in the American West, who was declared an outlaw by his tribe in an internal conflict over treaties with the United States government.  He was also involved in running whiskey into Indian Territory and rustling stock. Starr was the grandfather of Henry Starr and father in-law to Belle Starr, through her marriage to Sam Starr.

Starr's father was James Starr, a Cherokee leader and a signer of the Treaty of New Echota in December 1835. This treaty had a large impact on the unity and well being of the Cherokee Nation, and many tribal members disagreed with its signing. James Starr was targeted for assassination by Cherokee opposing the treaty, followers of the anti-Removal National Party led by John Ross, and on more than one occasion narrowly escaped death.

A violent series of confrontations eventually led to a Cherokee civil war. Treaty supporters, including the Starr family, James Starr and his six sons, opposed the Ross faction. In retaliation for the attempts on his father's life, Tom Starr became a guerrilla leader in civil war activities. He was accused of attacking and murdering Ross supporter and trader, Benjamin Vore, and his family, at their home near Fort Gibson in 1843. In November 1845, James Starr and his son Buck were attacked at their home by thirty-two armed men and both were killed. Tom Starr witnessed the event but escaped and vowed to avenge the life of his father. The Ross faction of the Cherokee Nation placed a price on Starr's head, and declared him and his surviving brothers outlaw.  At least 34 politically related murders were committed among the Cherokee in 1845 and 1846.

The internal Cherokee conflict ended with a formal truce in 1846.  The resulting peace treaty between the two factions included a special clause pardoning citizens of the Cherokee Nation for offenses and crimes, and this pardon was extended to Tom Starr.  Starr settled land in the southern portion of the Canadian District of the Cherokee Nation, near present-day Briartown, Oklahoma. The Starr brothers and their extended family used the base for a series of crimes, including arson and the theft of cattle, horses and supplies.  Starr was alleged to have killed 100 men throughout his lifetime, although the figure is probably exaggerated.  Starr also served in Confederate forces during the American Civil War as a scout for General Stand Watie and was acquainted with William Clark Quantrill.

See also
 John Ross (Cherokee chief)
 Stand Watie

References
 Conley, Robert J., Cherokee Thoughts Honest and Uncensored, Chapter: "Cherokee Outlaws", University of Oklahoma Press, October 31, 2008.  /.

External links
 Biographical Sketch

Cherokee Nation Confederate States military personnel
Outlaws of the American Old West
1813 births
1890 deaths
Gunslingers of the American Old West


Astyliasula basinigra is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

Hymenopodidae
Insects described in 1992


Hestiasula brunneriana is a species of praying mantis in the subfamily Acromantinae in the family Hymenopodidae.

References

Hestiasula
Acromantinae
Insects described in 1871


Hestiasula castetsi is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

Hestiasula
Insects described in 1897


Hestiasula ceylonica is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

Hestiasula
Insects described in 1956


Hestiasula gyldenstolpei is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

Hestiasula
Insects described in 1930


Astyliasula hoffmanni is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

Hymenopodidae
Insects described in 1937


Hestiasula inermis is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

Hymenopodidae
Insects described in 1879


Astyliasula javana is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

Hymenopodidae
Insects described in 1929


Hestiasula kastneri is a species of praying mantis in the genus Hestiasula in the order Mantodea.

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

kastneri
Insects described in 1942


Astyliasula major is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.

References

Hymenopodidae
Insects described in 1929


Hestiasula masoni is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

Hestiasula
Insects described in 1915


Catestiasula moultoni is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

Hymenopodidae
Insects described in 1915


Hestiasula nigrofemorata is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

Hestiasula
Insects described in 1930


Catestiasula nitida is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

Hestiasula
Insects described in 1893


Astyliasula phyllopus is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

Hymenopodidae
Insects described in 1842


Ephestiasula rogenhoferi is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

Hestiasula
Insects described in 1872


Catestiasula seminigra is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

Hestiasula
Insects described in 1992


Hestiasula woodi is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

Hestiasula
Insects described in 1915


Hestiasula zhejiangensis is a species of praying mantis in the family Hymenopodidae.

See also
List of mantis genera and species

References

Hestiasula
Insects described in 1992


Coto is one of 54 parishes in Cangas del Narcea, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

Villages
 Abanceña
 Casares
 Celviriz
 Cerveriz
 El Valle del Coto
 El Viso (El Visu)
 Escrita
 Folgueras (Folgueiras)
 San Damías (Sandamiás)

References

Parishes in Cangas del Narcea


"Tequila Talkin'" is the debut single by American country music band Lonestar, released in August 1995 from their self-titled debut album. The song was written by Bill LaBounty and Chris Waters. It peaked at number 8 in the United States and at number 11 in Canada.

Content
The song's narrator was drunk on tequila when he told his former lover that he was still in love with her, though he was not.

Critical reception
Larry Flick, of Billboard magazine reviewed the song favorably, calling it a "great country lyric about longing and regret magnified through a bottle". He went on to say that "nice vocal and solid production make this accessible to radio". Rick Mitchell criticized the song in his review of the album, saying that it seemed derivative of the Eagles' "Tequila Sunrise".

Chart positions
"Tequila Talkin" entered the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks at 69 for the week of August 19, 1995. The commercial single release, a double A-side with "No News", reached number 22 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100.

References

1995 songs
1995 debut singles
Lonestar songs
Songs written by Bill LaBounty
Songs written by Chris Waters
Song recordings produced by Don Cook
BNA Records singles
Songs about alcohol


The Qualicum River or Big Qualicum River ("Where the Dog Salmon Run" in the Pentlatch language) is a river on the east coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, flowing northeast from its headwaters in Horne Lake into the Strait of Georgia just south of Qualicum Bay, near the town of Qualicum Beach.  The river's name comes from that of the Qualicum people.

References

Rivers of Vancouver Island
Mid Vancouver Island


Bahia Honda is a bay in La Guajira, Colombia on the Atlantic Ocean. It lies approximately  from the Venezuelan border on the Guajira Peninsula in the northeast region of Colombia. The bay opens to the Caribbean Sea.

External links
 Map of Bahia Honda

Bays of Colombia
Bays of the Caribbean
Geography of La Guajira Department


Cueras (or Santa Eulalia de Cueras) is one of 54 parishes in Cangas del Narcea, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

Villages
 Arayón
 Cueiras
 El Ḷḷanu
 Santolaya
 Santuyanu

References

Parishes in Cangas del Narcea


"Young World" is a song written by Jerry Fuller and performed by Rick Nelson. It was released as a single in 1962 on Imperial Records. The song reached No. 5 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart. In the UK, it reached No. 19.

Background
The personnel on "Young World" included The Wrecking Crew guitarist Glen Campbell and Nelson session regular James Burton on lead guitar. Joe Osborn played bass, with Ritchie Frost on drums and Jim Pierce on piano.

Cover versions
Arthur Alexander (album You Better Move On/1962).
James Darren (album Love Among the Young/1964)
Detlef Engel ("Isabella" German/1962)
Leif Garrett as the B-side to his 1977 single, "Come Back When You Grow Up".

References

1962 songs
1962 singles
Songs written by Jerry Fuller
Ricky Nelson songs
Imperial Records singles


The LM386 is an integrated circuit containing a low-voltage audio power amplifier. It is suitable for battery-powered devices such as radios, guitar amplifiers, and hobby electronics projects. The IC consists of an 8-pin dual in-line package (DIP-8) and can output 0.25 to 1 watts of power, depending on the model, using a 9-volt power supply.

Part numbers
There are three different models of the LM386 that have slightly different specifications, outlined below.

Almost identical versions of the device are available from Unisonic (Unisonic Technologies Co. or UTC) as the LM386 and the New Japan Radio Co. Ltd. (JRC) as the NJM386 and NJM386B.

The JRC devices are also available in a single-in-line package.

JRC devices, marked as 386 JRC, are sometimes misleadingly referred to as the JRC386.

SPICE simulation models
Although National Semiconductor and Texas Instruments (who bought National Semiconductor in 2011) do not provide an official SPICE model for the LM386, there are two independently developed models freely available:

 The original "No-Frills LM386 Model" by Dave Dilatush.
 An improved model, "The EasyEDA LM386EE spice model" developed for the simulations of the "Tesseract Guitar Practice Amplifier" project.

Usage in guitar amplifiers
 The LM386 is one of the most common amps used in DIY guitar preamplifiers and sustainers due to its ability to run on a single 9V battery.
 The EasyEDA "Tesseract" Guitar Practice Amplifier is a versatile design based on the LM386 and features distortion and full-wave rectification effects.
 The well-known "Smokey Amp" created by Bruce Zinky uses an LM386 and is notable for being able to fit in a cigarette package.
 The "Little Gem" and "Little Gem MkII" are modified/cloned versions of the "Smokey Amp".
 The "Ruby" amp is a modified version of a Little Gem amplifier.

Usage in amateur radio
The LM386 is very commonly used in the audio amplifier of low power QRP amateur radio rigs such as the Pixie.

See also
 List of LM-series integrated circuits

References

External links

Historical Data Books
 Linear Databook (1980, 1376 pages), National Semiconductor, includes LM386 datasheet

Linear integrated circuits


Entreviñas (variant: San Cristóbal de Entreviñas) is one of 54 parishes in Cangas del Narcea, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias in northern Spain.

Villages
 Borracán
 La Braña San Cristuébalu
 Las Esculinas
 Rañeces de San Cristuébalu
 Robléu de San Cristuébalu
 Rucabu
 Veigalapiedra
 Briximada
 Viḷḷanueva

References

Parishes in Cangas del Narcea