S. S. Ramasami Padayatchiyar (16 September 1918 – 3 April 1992) was a politician from the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. He was the founder of the Tamil political party Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party, which is considered to be a predecessor of Pattali Makkal Katchi.

Early life

Padayatchiyar was born in a Vanniyar family at the South Arcot district of Madras Presidency on 16 September 1918. He studied till high school and did not pursue any further education. He entered politics and founded the Tamil Nadu Toilers Party in 1951.

Tamil Nadu Toilers Party
Tamil Nadu Toilers Party was created by Padayatchiyar and members of the Vanniyar caste during the 1950s. In 1951, Vanniyars convened a major conference of the Vanniyar Kula Kshatriya Sangam. M. A. Manickavelu Naicker, a lawyer and S. S. Ramasami Padayatchi, 33-year-old high school graduate, Chairman of the Cuddalore Municipal school and member of the South Arcot district board were participants of the conference among others. The conference which intended to organise Vanniyars on a statewide basis failed due to traditional local loyalties. South Arcot and Salem Vanniyars under Padayatchiyars's leadership formed Tamil Nadu Toilers party whereas Vanniyars from North Arcot and Chengalpattu under Naicker formed Commonweal Party. The partnership of Tamil Nadu toilers party & Commonweal party ensured success in 25 M.L.A. constituencies & 4 members of parliament, after which a problem in Madras legislative assembly on 1954 came to a solution to take referendum in assembly for Indian National Congress to prove its majority to form government, where Kamaraj of INC was supported by S.S. Ramaswamy Padayatchiyar & Manickavelu Naicker to become Chief Minister of Madras presidency.

In the Madras Legislative Assembly

Padayatchiyar was unsure over the choice of alliances. However, initially, he was highly skeptical of the Indian National Congress and criticized the Commonweal Party for establishing an alliance with the Congress. But he significantly modified his stance when C. Rajagopalachari resigned as the Chief Minister of Madras state. He proposed negotiations with Rajaji's successor K. Kamaraj and eventually, merged his party with the Congress accepting an appointment as Minister of Local Self-Government.

During the 1962 elections, Padayatchiyar quit the Congress and revived the Tamil Nadu Toilers Party. He concluded an alliance with the Swatantra Party and contested the elections as an ally of the Swarajya Party. However, Tamil Nadu Toilers Party performed poorly in the 1962 elections and Padayatchiyar himself lost his seat. During the 1967 elections, Padayatchiyar approached the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam offering his support. But the DMK rebuffed him saying that there were enough candidates from the Vanniyar community in the DMK and the support of the Tamil Nadu Toilers Party would not be needed. The DMK performed well in the elections and captured power in the state.

As Member of Parliament

After a brief lull, Padayatchiyar returned to politics in 1980. He returned to the Indian National Congress and contested in the Lok Sabha elections from Tindivanam and was elected to the lower house of Indian Parliament. Padayatchiyar was re-elected in 1984 and served from 1980 to 1989.

Philanthropy
He donated several acres of his land for public railways, government hospitals, and the bus terminal in Cuddalore.

Memorial for Padayatchiyar
In memory of Padayatchiyar a portrait was unveiled in Tamilnadu Legislative  Assembly. To honour Padayatchiyar and his Social Justice Service, on 29 June 2018 Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu  Edappadi K. Palaniswami announced in the Assembly that Padayatchiyar birth anniversary on September 16 would be officially celebrated as Government Function. And also announced that a Memorial for Padayatchiyar would be built at Cuddalore. Edappadi K Palaniswami on 14 Sep 2018 laid the foundation for the Memorial at Manjakuppam in Cuddalore, through video conferencing at the Secretariat. The memorial was opened on 25 November 2019 by Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu Edappadi K. Palaniswami in 1.5-acre land in the heart of the Cuddalore city with a life-size bronze statue of the late leader, also with a library at an cost of 2.15 crore.

Family
Ramasami Padayatchiyar married Papa Ammal and had two sons and one daughter, Vimal.

Death

Ramasami Padayatchiyar died on 3 April 1992 at Cuddalore.

See also
 M. A. Manickavelu Naicker
 S. Ramadoss

Notes

1918 births
1992 deaths
Lok Sabha members from Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu ministers
India MPs 1980–1984
India MPs 1984–1989
People from Viluppuram district
Madras MLAs 1952–1957


Angel Stoyanov (), born June 23, 1958, in Samokov, is a Bulgarian ski jumper. He came in 49th place in both the normal hill (70 m) and large hill (90 m) ski-jump events at the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo.

References

External links

Bulgarian male ski jumpers
Olympic ski jumpers for Bulgaria
Ski jumpers at the 1984 Winter Olympics
Living people
People from Samokov
Year of birth missing (living people)
Sportspeople from Sofia Province


Cathy Moncassin-Prime (born 3 June 1977) is a French track racing cyclist from Bonnetage. She is also the niece of Frédéric Moncassin, also a former professional cyclist.

Palmarès

1994
1st Individual Pursuit, French National Track Championships - Junior

2002
1st Individual Pursuit, French National Track Championships

2003
1st Points Race, French National Track Championships
3rd Points Race, Round 3, 2003 UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics, Cape Town

2004
1st Individual Pursuit, French National Track Championships
1st Stage 3, Tour de Bretagne Féminin

2006
1st Individual Pursuit, French National Track Championships

2007
1st Individual Pursuit, French National Track Championships

References

External links

1977 births
Living people
French female cyclists
French track cyclists
Sportspeople from Toulouse
Cyclists from Occitania (administrative region)
20th-century French women
21st-century French women


Miloš Pech (born 22 August 1927) is a Czechoslovak sprint canoeist who competed from the late 1940s to the mid-1950s. He won two medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a silver (K-1 10000 m: 1954) and a bronze (K-4 1000 m: 1948). Pech also competed in two Summer Olympics, earning his best finish of fifth in the K-2 1000 m event at London in 1948. He was born in Prague.

References

Miloš Pech's profile at Sports Reference.com

External links

1927 births
Possibly living people
Canoeists at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Czechoslovak male canoeists
Olympic canoeists for Czechoslovakia
ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in kayak


The Norwegian Burma Committee (, DnK) is a Norwegian advocacy group.

It was established on 2 January 1992 with the mandate to support and strengthen the Burmese democracy movement. Originally named the Norwegian Burma Council, it took its current name in 2001.

The NBCs work is primarily conducted through financial support to projects in Burma and through political advocacy in Norway. The NBC supports Aung San Suu Kyi and the National League for Democracy and was founded as a direct result of the Nobel Peace Prize being awarded to Aung San Suu Kyi in 1991. The Norwegian Burma Committee is supported financially by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation.

The administrative manager is Inger Lise Husøy, while chairman of the board is professor Harald Bøckman. The offices are in Oslo.

References

External link
Official website

Political advocacy groups in Norway
Organizations established in 1992
Organisations based in Oslo


Oochie Wally is a collaborative single by American rapper Nas and East Coast hip hop group Bravehearts. It was released on January 6, 2001, by Ill Will Records and Columbia Records as the second single for the compilation album Nas & Ill Will Records Presents QB's Finest (2000). The song is referenced in Jay-Z's diss song "Takeover". The female vocalist on the hook was later revealed to be Shelene Thomas.

Chart performance
"Oochie Wally" was a crossover hit in the U.S., peaking at number 26 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Remixes
In August 2018, the song's instrumental was used by American rapper J. Cole in "Album of the Year (Freestyle)". Following this, a freestyle was also released by British rapper SL and another one by British singer Stefflon Don.

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

References

2001 singles
Nas songs
Songs written by Nas
Dirty rap songs
Columbia Records singles


Valentin Bozhkov (, born May 2, 1958, in Samokov) is a Bulgarian ski jumper that competed in the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo. He took 37th place in the Normal hill (70 metres hill).

Sources

External links

Bulgarian male ski jumpers
Olympic ski jumpers for Bulgaria
Ski jumpers at the 1984 Winter Olympics
Living people
1958 births
People from Samokov
Sportspeople from Sofia Province


FC FSA Voronezh () was a Russian football club from Voronezh. It was founded as FC Fakel-StroyArt Voronezh in 2008, after the most successful team from Voronezh, FC Fakel Voronezh, was relegated into the Amateur Football League. Fakel-StroyArt advanced to the Russian Second Division in their first season. In early 2009, another Voronezh team, FC FCS-73 Voronezh, received support from the local authorities and was renamed to FC Fakel-Voronezh Voronezh. FC Fakel-StroyArt renamed themselves to FC FSA to avoid conflicts with the other Fakel. In March 2010, the club was excluded from the Second Division.

External links
Official Website

References

Association football clubs established in 2008
Association football clubs disestablished in 2010
Defunct football clubs in Russia
Sport in Voronezh
2008 establishments in Russia
2010 disestablishments in Russia


Frank William Sharp (26 April 1899 – 15 March 1963) was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League for Birmingham and Chesterfield. He played as an inside forward.

Sharp was born in Tintwistle, which was then part of Cheshire. He worked in a steelworks and played football part-time for Barton BSC and for Mossley before turning professional with Birmingham in 1922. He made his debut in the First Division on 6 September 1922, deputising for Jackie Whitehouse in an away game against Newcastle United which finished goalless. He kept his place until Whitehouse regained fitness, but did not play again; a creative player, he was uncomfortable with a more attacking role. He moved on to Chesterfield of the Third Division North in 1923, for whom he scored seven goals in 22 league appearances. He then returned to non-league football with Stourbridge, Stalybridge Celtic, and a second spell with Mossley; over his Mossley career he scored 28 goals in 60 appearances.

Notes

References

1899 births
1963 deaths
English men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Mossley A.F.C. players
Birmingham City F.C. players
Chesterfield F.C. players
Stourbridge F.C. players
Stalybridge Celtic F.C. players
English Football League players
People from High Peak, Derbyshire
Footballers from Derbyshire


A. R. Raja Raja Varma or A R. Rajaraja Varma () (1863–1918) was an Indian poet, grammatician and Professor of Oriental Languages at Maharaja's College (present University College), Trivandrum.

Early life
A. R. Raja Raja Varma was part of the royal family of erstwhile Parappanad, Malappuram district. Rajaraja Varma Koyi Thampuran was born in February 1863 at the Lakshmipuram Palace in Changanacherry to mother Kunjikkavu Thampuratti and father Vasudevan Namboodiri.

Work
Varma wrote widely in Sanskrit and Malayalam. He is known as Kerala Panini for his contributions to Malayalam grammar. Varma was the moving spirit behind the great literary renaissance in Kerala in the Golden Age of Malayalam literature. Says Ulloor of A.R. Rajaraja Varma, "While others embellished the walls of the mansion of Malayalam literature with their paintings and drawings, A.R. worked both on its foundation and dome and made it a long enduring and imposing structure for the benefit of the people of Kerala. His fame rests on this architectural accomplishment and is bound to last forever".

Major works

On grammar and rhetoric
His important works are Kerala Panineeyam, Bhashabhooshanam, Vritha Manjari and Sahitya Sahyam, the last of which introduced English-style punctuation to Malayalam.

Poems
 Bhangavilaapam
 Malayavilasam

Translations

 Bhasha Megha Dootu
 Bhasha Kumara Sambhavam
 Malayala Sakuntalam
 Malavikagnimitram
 Charudattam

See also
List of astronomers and mathematicians of the Kerala school

References

Further reading

19th-century Indian poets
Indian Sanskrit scholars
1863 births
1918 deaths
Scholars from Thiruvananthapuram
Translators of Kalidasa
Academic staff of the University College Thiruvananthapuram
Malayalam-language writers
Indian male poets
Poets from Kerala
19th-century Indian translators
20th-century Indian poets
20th-century Indian translators
20th-century Indian linguists
19th-century Indian linguists
People from the Kingdom of Travancore
Poets from British India
Writers from British India


The Veyle (; ) is a  long river in the Ain department in eastern France. Its source is in Chalamont. It flows generally northwest. It is a left tributary of the Saône, into which it flows between Grièges and Crottet, near Mâcon.

Communes along its course
This list is ordered from source to mouth:
 Chalamont, Châtenay, Dompierre-sur-Veyle, Lent, Servas, Saint-André-sur-Vieux-Jonc, Péronnas, Saint-Rémy, Saint-Denis-lès-Bourg, Buellas, Polliat, Mézériat, Vonnas, Saint-Julien-sur-Veyle, Biziat, Perrex, Saint-Jean-sur-Veyle, Pont-de-Veyle, Crottet, Grièges

References

Rivers of France
Rivers of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Rivers of Ain


Harald Eriksen is a Norwegian sprint canoeist who competed in the mid-1950s. He won a bronze medal in the K-1 10000 m event at the 1954 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Mâcon.

References

Living people
Norwegian male canoeists
Year of birth missing (living people)
ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in kayak
20th-century Norwegian people


The Permanent Committee on Geographical Names (PCGN) is an independent inter-departmental body in the United Kingdom established in 1919. Its function is to establish standard names for places outside the UK,   for the use of the  British government. The Committtee has collaborated with the  Foreign Names Committee of the United States Board on Geographic Names to agree a joint romanization system, first published in 1994 as the Romanization Systems and Roman-Script Spelling Conventions.

The members of the PCGN are: British Broadcasting Corporation Monitoring Service, Intelligence Collection Group (ICG) (formerly Defence Geospatial Intelligence), Defence Intelligence Staff, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Government Communications Headquarters, Hydrographic Office, Ordnance Survey, Royal Geographical Society and Royal Scottish Geographical Society.

A third of the costs of the PCGN are met by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) and two thirds by the Ministry of Defence. In answer to a parliamentary question in 2007, the cost of the PCGN to the FCO was disclosed as being £59,826.83 for the 2005/2006 financial year. This results in a total cost in that financial year of £179,480.49.

References

External links
PCGN Home Page
History of PCGN, published by UK Government

Public bodies and task forces of the United Kingdom government
Place names
Geographical naming agencies


Joan Maria Vendrell Martínez  (born 4 August 1976) is a Catalunyan ski mountaineer.

Vendrell was born in Barcelona. He started ski mountaineering in 1992 and competed first in the Ransol-Serrera race in 1993. He has been member of the national team since 2006 and lives in Broto.

Selected results
 1998:
 1st, Spanish Championship single race ("espoirs" class)
 2005:
 3rd, Spanish Championship vertical race
 3rd, Spanish Championship team race
 2008:
 9th ("civilian international men" ranking), Patrouille des Glaciers (together with Manuel Pérez Brunicardi and Danile León Roca)
 2009:
 2nd, European Championship relay race (together with Kílian Jornet Burgada, Manuel Pérez Brunicardi and Javier Martín de Villa)

External links
 Joan Maria Vendrell at skimountaineering.org

1976 births
Living people
Spanish male ski mountaineers
Sportspeople from Barcelona
Ski mountaineers from Catalonia


In algebra, a multivariate polynomial

is quasi-homogeneous or weighted homogeneous, if there exist r integers , called weights of the variables, such that the sum  is the same for all nonzero terms of . This sum  is the weight or the degree of the polynomial.

The term quasi-homogeneous comes from the fact that a polynomial  is quasi-homogeneous if and only if

for every  in any field containing the coefficients.

A polynomial  is quasi-homogeneous with weights  if and only if

is a homogeneous polynomial in the .  In particular, a homogeneous polynomial is always quasi-homogeneous, with all weights equal to 1.

A polynomial is quasi-homogeneous if and only if all the  belong to the same affine hyperplane. As the Newton polytope of the polynomial is the convex hull of the set  the quasi-homogeneous polynomials may also be defined as the polynomials that have a degenerate Newton polytope (here "degenerate" means "contained in some affine hyperplane").

Introduction
Consider the polynomial , which is not homogeneous. However, if instead of considering  we use the pair  to test homogeneity, then

We say that  is a quasi-homogeneous polynomial of type
, because its three pairs  of exponents ,  and  all satisfy the linear equation . In particular, this says that the Newton polytope of  lies in the affine space with equation  inside .

The above equation is equivalent to this new one: . Some authors prefer to use this last condition and prefer to say that our polynomial is quasi-homogeneous of type .

As noted above, a homogeneous polynomial  of degree  is just a quasi-homogeneous polynomial of type ; in this case all its pairs of exponents will satisfy the equation .

Definition
Let  be a polynomial in  variables  with coefficients in a commutative ring . We express it as a finite sum

We say that  is quasi-homogeneous of type , , if there exists some  such that

whenever .

References

Commutative algebra
Algebraic geometry


Kosma Tadeusz Złotowski (born 14 January 1964 in Bydgoszcz, Poland) is a Polish politician who was a member of both chambers of the Polish parliament (1997-2001, 2005-2007), President (=Mayor) of Bydgoszcz (1994-1995) and a member of Bydgoszcz City Council (2002-2005).

, graduated in Polish philology from University of Warsaw. In 2004, obtained the degree of Master of Business Administration (MBA) at Dominican University in Chicago.

After 1994 local election new Bydgoszcz City Council elected him as the President (=Mayor) of Bydgoszcz. He served in this office between July 1994 and July 1995 and was replaced by Henryk Sapalski.

In 1997 Sejm election he joined the Senate of Poland III term (upper house of the Polish parliament) representing the Bydgoszcz district as Solidarity Electoral Action candidate.

In 2002 Polish local election he joined the Bydgoszcz City Council IV term representing the 1st district. He polled 1,112 votes and was first on the Law and Justice (PiS) list. His term was ended when he was elected to Sejm in 2005. His seat in the Council was replaced by the second candidate on the PiS list Marian Pastuszewski. He ran in the 2002 Bydgoszcz presidencial election. He scored 8,994 votes (10.99%) and was third in race. The new president was elected in the second ballot.

In 2004 European Parliament election he was a candidate of Law and Justice from Kuyavian-Pomeranian constituency. He polled 4,264 votes and was not elected.

In 2005 Senate election he joined the Senate of Poland IV term (upper house of the Polish parliament) representing the 4 Bydgoszcz district. He polled 59,986 votes. In 2007 Senate election he scored 86,750 and was not elected.

See also
 Bydgoszcz

References

External links
 (pl) Złotowski at Senate webside

Members of the Senate of Poland 1997–2001
Members of Bydgoszcz City Council
1964 births
Living people
MEPs for Poland 2014–2019
MEPs for Poland 2019–2024


The Mamakating Park Historic District is located on the ridge north of Masten Lake on the highest ground in the Town of Mamakating, New York, United States. It is a Catskill vacation community, originally intended to be the much larger Sullivan County Club, built in the 1890s.

It includes several dozen Late Victorian cottages, most of which are as they were originally built, arranged around the site of a former hotel building, and some other buildings from the mid-20th century. These few elements show the essential ideas of the much larger original resort plan. In 1998 it was recognized as a historic district and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography and properties

The district is a  area around the horseshoe-shaped junctions of Columbian Road, Mamakating Avenue and Park Road, extending to the north from its northeast corner to include the houses along Park there. It is mostly wooded, with the middle of the horseshoe, where the former hotel was located along with its still-extant tennis courts, the only open space. A small rise near the south end of the horseshoe is, at  above sea level, the highest point in the Town of Mamakating.

It includes 48 buildings, all but three of which date to the time of the community's original construction and are thus considered contributing properties to its historic character. The site of the former hotel, and some of its dependencies such as a chapel and casino, are also contributing. Some of the original landscaping is still in place as well.

Most of the houses are frame, built in styles typical of their fin-de-siècle era, such as the Shingle style, after the main hotel. They are characterized by Late Victorian touches such as large verandas, cross-gabling and eclectic use of decorative elements.

Aesthetics

The plan for what became Mamakating Park was laid out by William Henry Baldwin, an engineer from Yonkers. Its scale may have been inspired by Tuxedo Park, America's first gated community, in neighboring Orange County. It had some curving streets and rustic, forest-inspired names like Fox Trail and Maplewood Lane (never built), but mostly follows a grid layout more typical of wilderness religious camp meetings of the era, which tend to cluster groups of cottages around structures of communal function and importance, rather than curving and winding as streets in Tuxedo Park and similar communities do.

Like other mountain resort communities, the homes in the original plan were sited to take advantage of their natural location. The grid extended north and south along the ridge, with many houses to have been built close to the street where the land dropped off sharply. That would have allowed them to take in the view to the Shawangunks over Wurtsboro in that direction, or the Catskills to the north and west.

History

Mamakating Park began as the Sullivan County Club, a group of New York City businessmen who planned a Catskill vacation community similar in design to Elka Park and Onteora Park in Greene County, but much larger in scale. For much of the 19th century, Masten Lake to the south had been owned by the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company and reserved for use as a fedder reservoir, but with traffic on the canal declining to a minimum as railroads displaced it, it had started to become a summer resort destination for city residents looking for fresh air.

In 1893, the club bought , including the lake and the ridge north of it, from a Yonkers family with the intent of developing it into a summer cottage community surrounding a large hotel., taking advantage of the views of the Shawangunk Ridge to the southeast. Recent extensions of the Orange & Western Railroad into Sullivan County made the area accessible within a day's travel to city residents, and after the subdivision of the land, 2,000 half-acre (2,000 m²) lots were put on sale the next year at an initial price of $100 ($ in 2009 dollars) each. Demand was such that the club members were soon able to increase their asking price to $125 ($).

With 359 lots sold by 1894, the club contracted the New York firm of Delhi & Lawrence to design the main hotel and considered building a cable railroad to improve access to the club from the nearby village of Wurtsboro. But in 1897, delayed economic fallout from the Panic of 1893 finally led to the original plans being shelved after the hotel and 20 lots near it had been developed.

In 1902, after the Sullivan County Club was foreclosed on, a new group of investors calling itself the Mamakating Park Company bought the hotel and the remaining undeveloped lots. They promoted the resort aggressively in New York newspapers, with the added bonus of many of the cottage owners renting them out for periods of time, and slowly added amenities such as a multicar garage that reflected the rise of automobile travel. In 1913 they were successful enough to run ads noting that "temperance principles will be adhered to" and that tuberculosis patients were restricted.

Another economic downturn, the Great Depression of the 1930s, led the Mamakating Park Company to fold, and the hotel and its properties were leased to different operators. Late in the decade, newly affluent Jews began moving in (leading some other residents to move out).

The Sullivan mansion became the main building of Camp Lakota.

The Mamakating Park Inn  effected the construction of the casino, barber shop and some other buildings in the hotel complex, and was part of the  "borscht belt,"  featuring entertainers like Red Buttons. Relations between the hotel owners and the surrounding property owners were cordial, and residents were invited to attend the Friday and Saturday evening events at the casino.

The owners of the homes surrounding the Inn, led by Evelyn Jablons,  organized as the Mamakating Park Property Owners Civic Association after World War II  bought a section of lakefront property for members to use and created a beachfront, cabanas, and swimming area. The hotel and Camp Lakota had their own, separate beachfronts.

After the hotel finally shut down in the 1950s, Camp Lakota bought the property and used the buildings. The hotel itself was destroyed in a 1970s fire. During the 1980s, a few new houses were built on the remaining vacant lots. In the late 1990s, the camp began restoring some of the other buildings.

References

National Register of Historic Places in Sullivan County, New York
Historic districts in Sullivan County, New York
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)


The quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE) describes the effect of an external electric field upon the light absorption spectrum or emission spectrum of a quantum well (QW).  In the absence of an external electric field, electrons and holes within the quantum well may only occupy states within a discrete set of energy subbands. Only a discrete set of frequencies of light may be absorbed or emitted by the system.  When an external electric field is applied, the electron states shift to lower energies, while the hole states shift to higher energies.  This reduces the permitted light absorption or emission frequencies.  Additionally, the external electric field shifts electrons and holes to opposite sides of the well, decreasing the overlap integral, which in turn reduces the recombination efficiency (i.e. fluorescence quantum yield) of the system.

The spatial separation between the electrons and holes is limited by the presence of the potential barriers around the quantum well, meaning that excitons are able to exist in the system even under the influence of an electric field.  The quantum-confined Stark effect is used in QCSE optical modulators, which allow optical communications signals to be switched on and off rapidly.

Even if Quantum Objects (Wells, Dots or Discs, for instance) emit and absorb light generally with higher energies than the band gap of the material, the QCSE may shift the energy to values lower than the gap. This was evidenced recently in the study of quantum discs embedded in a nanowire.

Theoretical description
The shift in absorption lines can be calculated by comparing the energy levels in unbiased and biased quantum wells.  It is a simpler task to find the energy levels in the unbiased system, due to its symmetry.  If the external electric field is small, it can be treated as a perturbation to the unbiased system and its approximate effect can be found using perturbation theory.

Unbiased system
The potential for a quantum well may be written as
,
where  is the width of the well and  is the height of the potential barriers.  The bound states in the well lie at a set of discrete energies,  and the associated wavefunctions can be written using the envelope function approximation as follows:

In this expression,  is the cross-sectional area of the system, perpendicular to the quantization direction,  is a periodic Bloch function for the energy band edge in the bulk semiconductor and  is a slowly varying envelope function for the system.

If the quantum well is very deep, it can be approximated by the particle in a box model, in which .  Under this simplified model, analytical expressions for the bound state wavefunctions exist, with the form

The energies of the bound states are

where  is the effective mass of an electron in a given semiconductor.

Biased system
Supposing the electric field is biased along the z direction,

the perturbing Hamiltonian term is

The first order correction to the energy levels is zero due to symmetry.
.
The second order correction is, for instance n=1,

for electron, where the additional approximation of neglecting the perturbation terms due to the bound states with k even and > 2 has been introduced. By comparison, the perturbation terms from odd-k states are zero due to symmetry.

Similar calculations can be applied to holes by replacing the electron effective mass  with the hole effective mass . Introducing the total effective mass , the energy shift of the first optical transition induced by QCSE can be approximated to:

The downward shift in the confined energy level discussed in the above equation is referred to as the Franz-Keldysh effect.
The approximations made so far are quite crude, nonetheless the energy shift does show experimentally a square law dependence from the applied electric field, as predicted.

Absorption coefficient

Additionally to the redshift towards lower energies of the optical transitions, the DC electric field also induces a decrease in magnitude of the absorption coefficient, as it decreases the overlapping integrals of relating valence and conduction band wave functions. Given the approximations made so far and the absence of any applied electric field along z, the overlapping integral for  transitions will be:
.
To calculate how this integral is modified by the quantum-confined Stark effect we once again employ time independent perturbation theory.
The first order correction for the wave function is
.
Once again we look at the  energy level and consider only the perturbation from the level  (notice that the perturbation from  would be  due to symmetry). We obtain

for the conduction and valence band respectively, where  has been introduced as a normalization constant. For any applied electric field  we obtain
.
Thus, according to Fermi's golden rule, which says that transition probability depends on the above overlapping integral, optical transition strength is weakened.

Excitons
The description of quantum-confined Stark effect given by second order perturbation theory is extremely simple and intuitive. However to correctly depict QCSE the role of excitons has to be taken into account. Excitons are quasiparticles consisting of a bound state of an electron-hole pair, whose binding energy in a bulk material can be modelled as that of an hydrogenic atom

where  is the Rydberg constant,  is the reduced mass of the electron-hole pair and  is the relative electric permittivity.
The exciton binding energy has to be included in the energy balance of photon absorption processes:
.
Exciton generation therefore redshift the optical band gap towards lower energies.
If an electric field is applied to a bulk semiconductor, a further redshift in the absorption spectrum is observed due to Franz–Keldysh effect. Due to their opposite electric charges, the electron and the hole constituting the exciton will be pulled apart under the influence of the external electric field. If the field is strong enough

then excitons cease to exist in the bulk material. This somewhat limits the applicability of Franz-Keldysh for modulation purposes, as the redshift induced by the applied electric field is countered by shift towards higher energies due to the absence of exciton generations.

This problem does not exist in QCSE, as electrons and holes are confined in the quantum wells. As long as the quantum well depth is comparable to the excitonic Bohr radius, strong excitonic effects will be present no matter the magnitude of the applied electric field. Furthermore quantum wells behave as two dimensional systems, which strongly enhance excitonic effects  with respect to bulk material. In fact, solving the Schrödinger equation for a Coulomb potential in a two dimensional system yields an excitonic binding energy of

which is four times as high as the three dimensional case for the  solution.

Optical modulation

Quantum-confined Stark effect's most promising application lies in its ability to perform optical modulation in the near infrared spectral range, which is of great interest for silicon photonics and down-scaling of optical interconnects.
A QCSE based electro-absorption modulator consists of a PIN structure where the instrinsic region contains multiple quantum wells and acts as a waveguide for the carrier signal. An electric field can be induced perpendicularly to the quantum wells by applying an external, reverse bias to the PIN diode, causing QCSE. This mechanism can be employed to modulate wavelengths below the band gap of the unbiased system and within the reach of the QCSE induced redshift.

Although first demonstrated in GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs quantum wells, QCSE started to generate interest after its demonstration in Ge/SiGe. Differently from III/V semiconductors, Ge/SiGe quantum well stacks can be epitaxially grown on top of a silicon substrate, provided the presence of some buffer layer in between the two. This is a decisive advantage as it allows Ge/SiGe QCSE to be integrated with CMOS technology and silicon photonics systems.

Germanium is an indirect gap semiconductor, with a bandgap of 0.66 eV. However it also has a relative minimum in the conduction band at the  point, with a direct bandgap of 0.8 eV, which corresponds to a wavelength of 1550 nm. QCSE in Ge/SiGe quantum wells can therefore be used to modulate light at 1.55 , which is crucial for silicon photonics applications as 1.55  is the optical fiber`s transparency window and the most extensively employed wavelength for telecommunications.
By fine tuning material parameters such as quantum well depth, biaxial strain and silicon content in the well, it is also possible to tailor the optical band gap of the Ge/SiGe quantum well system to modulate at 1310 nm, which also corresponds to a transparency window for optical fibers.
Electro-optic modulation by QCSE using Ge/SiGe quantum wells has been demonstrated up to 23 Ghz with energies per bit as low as 108 fJ. and integrated in a waveguide configuration on a SiGe waveguide

See also
 Franz–Keldysh effect

Citations

General sources
 Mark Fox, Optical properties of solids, Oxford, New York, 2001.
 Hartmut Haug, Quantum Theory of the Optical and Electronic Properties of Semiconductors, World Scientific, 2004.
 https://web.archive.org/web/20100728030241/http://www.rle.mit.edu/sclaser/6.973%20lecture%20notes/Lecture%2013c.pdf
 Shun Lien Chuang, Physics of Photonics Devices, Wiley, 2009.

Quantum electronics
Quantum mechanics


Frank Sharp may refer to:

 Frank Sharp (footballer, born 1899) (1899–1963), English football forward with Birmingham and Chesterfield
 Frank Sharp (footballer, born 1947), Scottish football winger with clubs including Barnsley
 Frank Sharp (land developer) (1906–1993), American land developer and businessman involved in the Sharpstown scandal
 Frank Chapman Sharp (1866–1943), American philosopher


Alexander Wilkie CH (30 September 1850 – 2 September 1928) was a Labour Party politician in Scotland, best known for his service as a Member of Parliament for Dundee. Along with the Dundonian George Nicoll Barnes, Wilkie was one of the first-ever Labour MPs elected in Scotland.

Biography
Wilkie was born in Fife in 1850 and, until his political career, was a ship carpenter. Wilkie was known for his work in the Labour movement serving as general secretary of the Ship Constructive and Shipwrights Association. He helped to form Labour Representation Committee and visited the United States as a member of the Mosely Commission in 1902.

He unsuccessfully contested the Sunderland constituency at the 1900 general election but was elected to the House of Commons at the 1906 general election as one of the two Members of Parliament for Dundee. Wilkie's election has been argued to be an important part of a broader process of political change in Dundee, which saw the city's electorate move from supporting the Liberal Party to supporting the Labour Party.

While he was an MP, Wilkie was a trustee of both University College, Dundee and the Dundee Technical College and School of Art. He also contributed to The Tocsin, a monthly periodical that backed the Labour Party in Dundee and was edited by Joseph Lee.

From 1908 to 1922, his colleague as MP for Dundee was a future British prime minister, then a Liberal MP, Winston Churchill. At the 1918 general election, both Wilkie and Churchill were supported by the local Unionists as well as their own party organisations. In Wilkie's case, that reflected both the fact that his political views had moved to the right since 1914 as well as his support for British involvement in the Great War. The Glasgow Herald noted in 1918 that Wilkie had "never been regarded as a rabid socialist" and had won support from many Liberal voters in the past because of his "moderate" opinions.

It was reported in 1920 that Wilkie would retire at the next general election. Wilkie stood down at the 1922 general election.  In the subsequent election not only was Churchill defeated by the only MP to be elected as a prohibitionist but Wilkie was replaced by the considerably more leftwing Labour MP E. D. Morel.

References

External links

1850 births
1929 deaths
Scottish Labour MPs
UK MPs 1906–1910
UK MPs 1910
UK MPs 1910–1918
UK MPs 1918–1922
People associated with Dundee
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Dundee constituencies
Members of the Parliamentary Committee of the Trades Union Congress


Ringerike Grand Prix is a road bicycle race held annually near Hønefoss, in the region of Ringerike, Norway. The race was created in 1975 as the Fossen Grand Prix, and was ranked 2.2 on the UCI Europe Tour between 2005 and 2010. In 2011 it turned into a one-day race (not UCI race) while Tour of Norway, held in the whole eastern Norway, replaced it on the calendar. In 2013 the race came back on the UCI Europe Tour as a race ranked 1.2.

Winners

References

External links

UCI Europe Tour races
Cycle races in Norway
Recurring sporting events established in 1975
1975 establishments in Norway
Summer events in Norway


Ladislav Čepčianský (2 February 1931 – 2 October 2021) was a Czechoslovak sprint canoeist who competed from the late 1950s to the early 1960s. He won a silver medal in the K-1 10000 m event at the 1958 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Prague. Čepčianský also competed in two Summer Olympics, earning his best finish of sixth at Melbourne in 1956 both in the K-1 1000 m and the K-1 10000 m events.

References

Ladislav Čepčianský's profile at Sports Reference.com
Ladislav Čepčianský's obituary

1931 births
2021 deaths
Canoeists at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Czechoslovak male canoeists
Olympic canoeists for Czechoslovakia
ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in kayak


All in the Mind is the sole studio album by American house music act the Bucketheads, released in August 1995 by Big Beat Records in the United States and shortly after by Positiva Records in the United Kingdom. Unimpressed with what he perceived to be fellow producers copying his characteristic style, producer Kenny "Dope" Gonzales launched the Bucketheads as a stylistic detour to explore influences such as disco, hip hop and Latin music, hoping to throw his audience a 'curveball'. He recorded All in the Mind over a period of three days in his Brooklyn home studio, using an E-mu SP-1200 and Akai S950 for the production of beats and samples.

The record combines house music with disco and funk, and is characterised by its use of contemporary tribal beats and bass lines and 1970s-style horns and related influences. Henry Street Music released the album's first single, "Whew!", to acclaim from club disc jockeys. The second single, "The Bomb! (These Sounds Fall into My Mind)", was the project's breakthrough single, reaching number one on the Billboard Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart and becoming a commercial success throughout Europe, including in the United Kingdom where it reached number 5 on the UK Singles Chart. Upon release, All in the Mind reached number 74 on the UK Albums Chart, and received positive reviews from music critics. In 2000, it was named the 31st best dance album of all time in the final edition of the book All Time Top 1000 Albums.

Background

Brooklyn-based producer Kenny "Dope" Gonzalez, one half of house duo Masters at Work, founded the Bucketheads in the mid-1990s as a studio project that would allow him to fuse his populist musical influences: house, hip hop, freestyle, disco and Latin street music. Larry Flick of Billboard reported that the project emerged from a "burst of inspiration" in Gonzalez's home studio. The producer said the catalyst for the Bucketheads project and All in the Mind was his desire to change direction and "throw a curveball" to other producers who he felt were copying his sound as a solo producer and as part of Masters of Work. He stated: "I was tired of everyone being on the same tip as we were. Everything out there sounded the same. I was bored. And I thought 'Yo, I gotta come with something different'." Gonzalez also reportedly hoped to move dance music away from the emergent Eurodance genre.

After conceiving the Bucketheads project, Gonzalez recorded All in the Mind within a week, feeling he had "hit a vibe that felt right and kept going." The recording took place over three days in his home studio, Dungeon Tape. Although it had been speculated that Gonzalez created material on either an E-mu SP-1200 or an Akai MPC, Gonzalez later stated that he used an SP-1200 and an Akai S950 together in the production of his Bucketheads material. He would create rhythms and beats in the SP-1200, but as the machine did not hold lengthy samples, the S950 would instead hold the long samples which Gonzalez would then trigger using the drum machine. The producer reflected that "there was a certain vibe to the two as well. Even today you can have unlimited amounts of sample time in a machine, but it's a different vibe to those two machines." Gonzalez intended the album to be "raw and fun", and used a series of classic records as sources for samples throughout the record.

Composition

All in the Mind fuses contemporary house music with 1970s-style funk and disco funk, with many of the tracks containing modern tribal house beats and bass lines alongside prominent disco horns and funk elements. The album is largely instrumental, and also incorporates instrumental hip hop according writer Colin Larkin. Flick echoed these comments, writing that the album developed upon numerous house and hip hop ideas. Some of the material is sample-based, and incorporates cut-and-paste beats. Among the songs used as the basis for tracks on the album are Wood Brass & Steel's "Funkanova", Atmosfear's "Motivation" and Linda Clifford's "Runaway Love". Further artists sampled throughout All in the Mind include Machine, Redd Foxx and Ghanaian singer Buari.

Opening song "The Bomb! (These Sounds Fall Into My Mind)" features a disco beat and an extended brass and vocal sample from Chicago's "Street Player" from Chicago 13 (1979). The sampled refrain, "street sounds swirling through my mind," was transformed into a mondegreen through the song title so that listeners mishear it as "these sounds fall into my mind." Mixmag said the song's 'genius' lies in "the way it builds up your anticipation with a protracted burst of hard jacking drums and atonal honking before the perfect disco sample soars away into the distance." "Sayin' Dope" applies funk characteristics and Latino brass atop beats described by Gareth Grundy of Select as "avant-garde but always accessible." "Got Myself Together" samples Brass Construction's "Movin'" and fuses styles of house, disco, funk and hip hop, while "Whew!" is dominated by funk elements. Gonzalez' hip hop roots surface in "Time and Space", which fuses trip hop with influences from Chic and The J.B.s, and incorporates science fiction-style sound effects and samples of Level 42's "Starchild".

Promotion and release
After the completion of All in the Mind, Gonzalez showed the album to his friend Johnny "D" DeMario, who ran the house label Henry Street Music. The label released "Whew!" as the album's first single in 1994 to a favourable reaction from other DJs. "The Bomb! (These Sounds Fall Into My Mind)" was released as the second single shortly afterwards. In addition to achieving popularity in warehouse raves, "The Bomb!" became Gonzalez' commercial breakthrough. In 1995, the song reached number 1 on the Billboard Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart, and also peaked at number 49 on the Billboard Hot 100 The single was particularly successful in pop charts throughout Europe. In the United Kingdom, where "The Bomb!" was released by Positiva Records, it reached number 5 on the UK Singles Chart, and remained on the chart for nineteen weeks.

The success of the single led to an American album deal with Big Beat Records. Gonzalez recalled: "I knew we had something special, but this was wild." Big Beat released All in the Mind in the United States in August 1995, before releasing another single from the record, "Got Myself Together", in October. Meanwhile, Henry Street released a limited edition twelve-inch single of "Come and Be Gone" in August as a thank you "to DJs who were there first." In association with EMI, Positiva released a compilation of Gonzalez's singles, The Dungeon Tapes, in the UK in autumn 1995, before releasing All in the Mind in the region shortly afterwards. This version of the album features different artwork and an altered track list. It debuted at number 74 on the UK Albums Chart in January 1996, spending two weeks on the chart. "Got Myself Together" reached number 12 on the UK Singles Chart the same month. Get On Down Records re-released the album on vinyl in 2011.

Critical reception

All in the Mind received positive reviews from critics. Gareth Grundy of Select wrote that All in the Mind would "induce a rapid rethink" in those assuming the Bucketheads project dissolved after the success of "The Bomb!" He felt the album's "edge" was provided by Gonzalez mixing his capable hip hop skills with disco music, and highlighted "Time and Space" as the album's best track. Leigh Anne Fitzpatrick of Spin felt that the album offered a "refreshing break" from the high-speed sound of techno and rave music. She highlighted "The Bomb!" for its catchy refrain, and felt the remaining tracks "provide the perfect background for any toe-tappin', fist-bumpin', hip-swayin' groove collective."

Among retrospective reviews, John Bush of AllMusic wrote that the album "explores a great-sounding fusion of disco-funk and house that works well," highlighting the album's hit singles as well as "Sayin' Dope", "Jus' Plain Funky" and "Went". In The Virgin Encyclopedia of Nineties Music, writer Colin Larkin wrote that the record "confirmed the promise" laid by "The Bomb!", and noted how the album was a major departure from the established style that defined Gonzalez's music with Masters of Work. Reviewing the reissue, Kris Needs of Record Collector wrote that the "cut-and- paste beats and sample-based rough house" would become "a major influence through to the next decade." He concluded: "In today’s laptop-and- autotune quagmire, it’s time to hear again from a real master at work." In the 2000 third edition of the All Time Top 1000 Albums, All in the Mind ranked at number 31 on a list of the all-time top 50 dance albums.

"The Bomb! (These Sounds Fall Into My Mind)" emerged when house producers began to heavily incorporate the influence of disco in their music, and the song was widely regarded as an example of the fusion. Charles Aaron of Spin would later describe the song as "essential '90s funk" that mixed styles of electro, house and hip hop. In their 2006 list of "The 100 Greatest Dance Songs," where "The Bomb!" was ranked 65th, Slant magazine wrote that the song "brought disco revivalism to the world of jock jams." For the song's entry in the book 1001 Songs You Must Hear Before You Die, "The Bomb!" is credited for influencing an array of producers who sample in a "clever" fashion, as well as for inspiring "a whole host of disco gems being updated."

Track listing

American edition
 "The Bomb! (These Sounds Fall into My Mind)" (Gonzalez, Seraphine, Wolinski) – 3:23
 "Sayin' Dope" (Gonzalez) – 6:05
 "Got Myself Together" (Gonzalez, Miller, Williamston) – 5:25
 "Whew!" (Collins, Gonzalez, O'Connell) – 5:26
 "I Wanna Know" (Original Raw mix) (Batchelor, Cawthorne, Gonzalez, Johnson, Sojika) – 4:05
 "Come and Be Gone" (Gonzalez, Powell) – 5:45
 "Just Plain Funky" (Gonzalez) – 6:50
 "Time and Space" (Badarou, Gonzalez, Gould, King) – 5:12
 "You're a Runaway" (Askey, Dope, Gonzalez) – 4:30
 "The Bomb! (These Sounds Fall into My Mind" (Original Henry St. Mix) (Gonzalez, Seraphine, Wolinski) – 14:57

International edition
 "The Bomb! (These Sounds Fall into My Mind)" — 3:22
 "Sayin' Dope" — 6:05
 "Sunset (New at)" — 5:35
 "Time and Space" (remix) — 5:18
 "You're a Runaway" — 5:58
 "Come and Be Gone" — 5:45
 "Got Myself Together" (Kenlou mix) — 8:22
 "Just Plain Funky" — 4:33
 "I Wanna Know" (Original Raw mix) — 4:12
 "Went" — 5:32
 "'Little' Louis Bonus" — 6:23
 "The Bucketheads' Outro" — 3:33

Personnel
Kenny "Dope" Gonzalez – producer
Johnny "D" DeMario – executive producer
Rich Christina – executive producer
Allan Wai – art direction and design (Big Beat edition)

References

1995 debut albums
Big Beat Records (American record label) albums
House music albums by American artists
Positiva Records albums


Ramanatha Sethupathy () (died 1979) was the last Raja titleholder of Ramnad from 1967 to 1979. He was the next successor of the throne from his father, Shanmugha Rajeswara Sethupathi.

References

1979 deaths
Year of birth missing


Tour des Fjords (known as the Rogaland Grand Prix until 2012) was a road bicycle race held annually between 2008 and 2018 in the region of western Norway. The race merged with the Tour of Norway prior to its 2019 edition, with Tour des Fjords AS becoming its organiser.

Winners

References

External links

Tour des Fjords and Tour of Norway merge

UCI Europe Tour races
Cycle races in Norway
Recurring sporting events established in 2008
2008 establishments in Norway
Recurring sporting events disestablished in 2018
2018 disestablishments in Norway
Sport in Stavanger
Summer events in Norway


The 2009–10 Clemson Tigers men's basketball team represented Clemson University in the 2009–10 college basketball season. Their head coach was Oliver Purnell. The team played its home games at Littlejohn Coliseum in Clemson, South Carolina and are members of the Atlantic Coast Conference. All games were produced and broadcast locally by the Clemson Tigers Sports Network. The Tigers finished the season 21–11, 9–7 in ACC play. They lost in the first round of the 2010 ACC men's basketball tournament. They received an at-large bid to the 2010 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, earning a 9 seed in the Midwest Region, where they defeated Saint Mary's in the first round, but lost the second round to 1 overall seed and AP #1 Kansas

Pre-season
On Wednesday, May 27, guard Terrence Oglesby announced he would forgo his final two seasons at the school to pursue a professional basketball career. Oglesby appeared in 66 games and scored 777 points in his two seasons at Clemson. Previously, Oglesby played for Norway at the International Basketball Federation (FIBA) FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship. In a press release issued by Clemson University, Oglesby indicated that his time spent playing internationally helped fuel his decision to turn pro.
Oglesby's departure left an open roster spot which was filled by the commitment of shooting guard Noel Johnson, a former USC commitment.

On Tuesday, August 18, ESPN announced that Clemson will serve as one of the host sites for the network's popular basketball series, College GameDay, during the 2009–10 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Two one-hour shows (11:00 am and 8:00 pm Eastern) will originate from Littlejohn Coliseum on Jan 23, 2010 for the Clemson vs. Duke game. This is Clemson's first appearance on ESPN College GameDay. The series, which is in its sixth season, will make four first-time stops in 2010. Other first-time hosts include Illinois, Kansas State and Washington. The Clemson/Duke game will be one of two ACC tilts featured this season, with the other being North Carolina at Duke on Mar. 6.

On Sunday, October 26, 2008, members of the ACC Media were polled and picked Clemson to finish third in the conference behind North Carolina and Duke.

Regular season

On December 2, 2009, Illinois came back from a 23-point second-half deficit to upset the No. 18 Tigers, 76–74 at Littlejohn Coliseum. The victory was the biggest comeback win in school history and was also notable as it helped the Big Ten win their first ACC – Big Ten Challenge in eleven tries.

On December 6, 2009, Clemson beat rival South Carolina 72–61, extending their winning streak over the Gamecocks to six games. Carolina leads the overall series, 86–74.

On January 3, 2010, the No. 21 Tigers managed only 12 points in the first half as they lost to No. 7 Duke for the 13th straight time at Cameron Indoor Stadium, 74–53. Clemson had as many fouls as points in the opening period, and their scoring total and shooting percentage (5–30, 17%) were the lowest for a half in Oliver Purnell's seven years as head coach.

On January 13, 2010, the No. 19 Tigers ended a 10-game losing streak to North Carolina by defeating the No. 13 Tar Heels, 83–64 at Littlejohn Arena. It was the second largest margin of victory ever for the Tigers over the Tar Heels. The most being a 20-point 93–73 win in 1976–77, Tree Rollins' senior season. Clemson then followed the win with a 73–70 win at NC State, ending a streak of 13 consecutive losses in the game following a victory over a top 25 team.

On January 23, 2010, ESPN's College GameDay broadcast live from Littlejohn Coliseum for the first time. Afterward, GameDay host Digger Phelps said of the broadcast at Clemson: "It was the best". The crowd was so loud during the broadcast that the production director requested that the crowd keep the noise down when cameras were rolling. The day culminated in a 47–60 loss to Duke, the lowest point total for Duke thus far this season, and the lowest point total of a Clemson team at home since the 2003–04 season, Oliver Purnell's first at Clemson.

Postseason

ACC tournament
Clemson entered the ACC tournament as the No. 6 seed with a 9–7 record in the ACC regular season. The Tigers lost their opening game to No. 11 seed NC State 59–57, dropping their record in the tournament to 16–57 all-time with 43 of their losses coming in the first round. Clemson remains the only original member of the ACC to have never won the tournament.

NCAA tournament
Clemson entered the tournament as the No. 7 seed in the East Region, but was knocked out in the opening round by a lower-seeded team for the third straight year, losing 86–78 to No. 10 seed Missouri. The loss dropped Oliver Purnell to 0–6 all-time in NCAA Tournament games as a head coach for three different schools.

Roster

Coaches & staff

Players

2010 commitments

Schedule and results

|-
!colspan=9| Regular season

|-
!colspan=9| ACC tournament

|-
!colspan=9| 2010 NCAA men's basketball tournament

|-
|colspan=9| Notes: 1 – Denotes Session Attendance

1 – Note that rankings above 25 are not official rankings. They are representations of ranking based on the number of points received in the weekly poll.

Player statistics
As of Monday, February 15, 2010
|---TOTAL---| |---3-PTS---|               |----REBOUNDS----|
## Player  GP-GS  Min--Avg  FG-FGA  Pct 3FG-FGA  Pct  FT-FTA  Pct  Off Def  Tot  Avg  PF FO  A  TO Blk Stl  Pts  Avg
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
35 Booker, Trevor..... 25-25  753 30.1 150-290  .517  7-26   .269  78-129  .605  63 141  204  8.2  44  0  59  46  37  37  385 15.4
02 Stitt, Demontez.... 23-22  657 28.6  87-199  .437  23-62   .371  52-68   .765  16  47  63  2.7  46  1  77  60  8  31  249 10.8
05 Smith, Tanner...... 25-25  636 25.4  76-178  .427  20-70   .286  66-90   .733  29  79  108  4.3  55  1  57  51  11  32  238  9.5
11 Young, Andre....... 25-3  643 25.7  70-172  .407  43-113  .381  39-50   .780  12  41  53  2.1  40  1  61  45  0  49  222  8.9
15 Potter, David...... 25-23  579 23.2  59-160  .369  36-93   .387  20-27   .741  21  46  67  2.7  61  2  33  41  6  33  174  7.0
45 Grant, Jerai....... 24-22  475 19.8  63-96   .656  0-0    .000  41-68   .603  57  60  117  4.9  66  2  13  30  45  20  167  7.0
31 Booker, Devin...... 25-1  290 11.6  51-83   .614  0-0    .000  22-41   .537  26  49  75  3.0  31  0   8  26  4  11  124  5.0
01 Johnson, Noel...... 25-2  387 15.5  45-127  .354  20-60   .333  8-11   .727  18  28  46  1.8  38  1  23  28  5  12  118  4.7
24 Jennings, Milton... 25-0  279 11.2  32-84   .381  4-27   .148  12-20   .600  29  43  72  2.9  32  0  13  19  7  11  80  3.2
04 Baize, Jonah.......  2-0  3  1.5  2-2  1.000  2-2  1.000  0-0    .000  0   0  0  0.0  0  0  0   0  0   0  6  3.0
21 Narcisse, Bryan.... 20-2  120  6.0  17-30   .567  2-8    .250  4-8    .500  10  10  20  1.0  19  1   5  13  5   3  40  2.0
32 Hill, Donte........ 19-0  104  5.5  10-29   .345  2-10   .200  6-13   .462  6   5  11  0.6  5  0  7   4  1   8  28  1.5
10 Baciu, Catalin..... 11-0  40  3.6  7-15   .467  0-0    .000  1-2    .500  3  14  17  1.5  5  0  2   5  1   3  15  1.4
55 Petrukonis, Karolis  5-0  17  3.4  2-2  1.000  0-0    .000  1-2    .500  0   1  1  0.2  0  0  0   0  0   0  5  1.0
03 Anderson, Zavier...  9-0  17  1.9  2-5    .400  0-0    .000  0-0    .000  1   2  3  0.3  3  0  4   2  0   2  4  0.4
TEAM...............  39  45  84  3.4  0          5  0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total.............. 25  5000  673-1472 .457 159-471  .338 350-529  .662  330 611  941 37.6 445  9 362 375 130 252 1855 74.2
Opponents.......... 25  5000  568-1378 .412 117-408  .287 330-488  .676  295 571  866 34.6 467  - 292 448  74 196 1583 63.3

Awards and honors
Trevor Booker
 John R. Wooden Award Preseason & Midseason Men's Top 50 Candidate
 Naismith College Player of the Year Preseason Watch List
 ACC Preseason All-Conference Team
 ACC Co-Player of the Week – January 18, 2010

Rankings

1 – Note that rankings above 25 are not official rankings. They are representations of ranking based on the number of points received in the weekly poll.

References

Clemson
Clemson Tigers men's basketball seasons
Clemson


The Augustus Bridge is a bridge in the city of Dresden, in the state Saxony in Germany.

Crossing the river Elbe, the road bridge connects the Innere Neustadt in the north (right bank) with the historic city centre to the south (left bank).

There has been a bridge at the same location since at least the 12th century. Under king Augustus II the Strong of Poland and Saxony, a new sandstone bridge was built with 12 arches between 1727 and 1731. This bridge was replaced by the present, also sandstone, bridge with 9 arches in order to provide a wider opening for river traffic. It was designed by Wilhelm Kreis and Theodor Klette.

Three tram lines of the Dresdner Verkehrsbetriebe pass over the Augustus Bridge. All are currently (2019) diverted due to reconstruction works.

The current bridge was built between 1907 and 1910.

References

Buildings and structures in Dresden
Tourist attractions in Dresden


Arthur Vagn Schmidt (born January 15, 1935) is a Danish sprint canoeist who competed in the late 1950s and early 1960s. He won a bronze medal in the K-1 10000 m event at the 1958 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Prague.

Schmidt also finished fifth in the K-2 1000 m event at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome.

References

Sports-reference.com profile

1935 births
Canoeists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Danish male canoeists
Living people
Olympic canoeists for Denmark
ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in kayak


Amsterdam University Press (AUP) is a university press that was founded in 1992 by the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands. It is based on the Anglo-Saxon university press model and operates on a not-for-profit basis. AUP publishes scholarly and trade titles in both Dutch and English, predominantly in the humanities and social sciences and has a publishing list of over 1400 titles. It also publishes multiple scholarly journals according to the open access publishing model. From 2000 until 2013, the AUP published the journal Academische Boekengids (Academic Book Guide) with book reviews written by editors from multiple Dutch universities.

Objectives
AUP makes use of the peer reviewing system: submissions are assessed by an editorial board of expert scholars from Dutch and Flemish universities. AUP explicitly supports open access, and combines in its publishing policy the use of repositories and print-on-demand provisions with traditional printing. AUP is one of thirteen publishers to participate in the Knowledge Unlatched pilot, a global library consortium approach to funding open access books.

Areas of publishing
AUP's stocklist currently comprises different academic disciplines, including language and literature, archaeology, management studies, cultural studies, film and media, art and art history, music and theatre studies, as well as social sciences, ranging from migration and integration to Asian studies. In addition, AUP is active in educational publishing for high school and higher education, as well as popular science.

Imprints
Various imprints are linked to AUP. Vossiuspers UvA publishes the works of the University of Amsterdam’s scholars and all inaugural lectures of UvA professors. In 2004, under the name Pallas Publications, AUP began a new service allowing authors, institutions, and organizations to have their academic publications produced, distributed, and promoted.

References

External links

University of Amsterdam
Publishing companies established in 1992
University presses of the Netherlands
Creative Commons books publishing companies
Dutch companies established in 1992
Non-profit academic publishers


Britannia may refer to any one of a large number of ships:
  was launched at South Carolina in 1772 and sailed as a merchant vessel until 1798. She then engaged in whaling until 1808, when she returned to being a merchant vessel until 1816, which is the last year in which she is listed.
 , a merchantman built by the Bombay Dockyard and rebuilt there in 1778. She then made 12 voyages as an East Indiaman under the ownership of the British East India Company (EIC) before wrecking off Brazil in 1805. She was built of teak and was the first East Indiaman trading between England and India and China to demonstrate the qualities of teak in ship construction.
 , a 500-ton (bm)  merchantman built in 1774 that made five voyages for the British East India Company, on one of which she transported convicts to Australia in a voyage noted for the death toll due to the captain's brutality. She then became a whaler in the South Seas Fishery.
  was built in France in 1774. The British captured her in 1781 and she began sailing under the name Sally, first as a transport and then as a West Indiaman. Liverpool merchants purchased her and she became Britannia in 1787. She then sailed to the Baltic and Russia. She was wrecked in 1793.
 , a 234-ton (bm) vessel launched at Newfoundland in 1782; she was returning from a whaling voyage in July 1793 when a French privateer captured her.
 , was a ship of 296 tons (bm) launched at Sunderland in 1783. Between 1791 and 1796 she was at Australia. She returned to Britain in 1797. Between 1798 and 1822 she served as a Greenland whaler, and then between 1822 and 1837 as a South Seas whaler. From 1837 she served as a collier, and is no longer listed after 1845.
 , launched at Maryport in 1783, made two and possibly three whaling voyages between 1793 and 1797. She is no longer listed in Lloyd's Register after 1795.
  was launched at Saltcoats in 1783; she made two slave trading voyages, almost being wrecked in 1793 after the first and the French capturing her in 1795 as she was on her way from Africa to the West Indies on her second slave trading voyage.
 , a 301-ton (bm) whaler built in 1783 at Bridport that made two voyages transporting convicts to New South Wales; wrecked in 1806 off the coast of Australia
  was launched at New Brunswick in 1788. She was captured in 1797 on her second slave trading voyage.
  was launched in Scotland. She wrecked on 8 February 1794 in the Wreck of the Ten Sail.
  was launched at Plymouth 1791. A French privateer captured and burnt her as Britannia was sailing from London to Mogadore via Gibraltar.
 , was launched on the Thames. She made one voyage for the British East India Company before the French privateer Huron captured her in 1798 on the return leg of a second.  recaptured her shortly thereafter.then became a West Indiaman; she was lost c.1801.
  was captured from the Dutch c.1798. She made one complete whaling voyage in 1799–1800 to the South Seas fishery, before the Spanish captured her in 1801 at the Galapagos Islands.
  was launched at Kirkcaldy. she spent her career as a West Indiaman. In 1807 a French privateer captured her, but the British Royal Navy recaptured her the next day. Finally, an American privateer captured her in October 1812.
  was built at Hull in 1802 and sailed as a West Indiaman. In 1804 she succeeded in repelling the attack of a French privateer in a notable single-ship action, but blew up in an accidental explosion in Cork harbour in 1806.
  was an East Indiaman launched in 1806 and wrecked on the Goodwin Sands in 1809
  was Glasgow paddle steamer serving western Scotland ports, and later Londonderry. She was wrecked in 1829 at Donaghadee
 Britannia (1829), a 411-ton (bm) ship-rigged merchantman
 Britannia, a 270-ton (bm) brig that sank off Australia in 1839
  (1840), a pioneering transatlantic paddle steamer, the first in a class of Cunard Lines ships
 , a tourboat based in Coal Harbour, Vancouver
 , a cruise liner built for P&O Cruises

See also
 Britannia (disambiguation)
 , wooden paddlers of Cunard Lines carrying transatlantic passengers and mail, named after the first such ship (1840)
  (formerly Tor Britannia), a ro-ro cargo ship of 2000 operated by DFDS Seaways
 , last and largest Class One Smack
 , multiple Royal Navy warships
 , British Royal Racing Yacht 1893–1936
 , a British Royal Yacht 1954–97
 , a 1994 replica of the 1893 royal racing yacht HMY Britannia
 , multiple steamships

Ship names


Sir John Leng (10 April 1828 – 13 December 1906) was a newspaper proprietor and Liberal Party politician in Scotland.

Life
He was born at Hull on 10 April 1828, the younger brother of Sir William Christopher Leng. Educated at Hull Grammar School, he acted there as joint editor with Charles Cooper (later the editor of the Scotsman) of a manuscript school magazine.

Becoming assistant teacher at a private school, he sent letters to the Hull Advertiser, which attracted the notice of Edward Francis Collins, then the editor, and led to his appointment in 1847, at the age of 19, as sub-editor and reporter.
That post, which embraced dramatic and musical criticism, was held for four years.

In July 1851, Leng was selected from among 70 candidates as editor of the then-biweekly Dundee Advertiser.
The paper was founded in 1801 but had fallen into a backward state. Leng soon raised the 'Advertiser' to high rank, both in local and imperial affairs. His wide practical knowledge of newspaper work enabled him to reorganise both the literary staff and machinery. The old premises were quickly found too small, and in 1859, he built the first portion of new premises in Bank Street, which, before his death, attained gigantic proportions. As early as 1852, Leng was made a partner by the proprietors of the Advertiser, and the imprint thenceforth bore the name of John Leng & Co.

After the abolition of the "taxes on knowledge" in 1861, the Advertiser was issued daily. In June 1870, Leng was one of the first Scottish newspaper proprietors to establish an office in Fleet Street, London, with direct telegraphic communication with Dundee. When stereotyping was adopted, after printing from rolls of paper, instead of sheets, was introduced, he caused a stereotype foundry to be erected as a portion of the plant. In 1851 the single machine in use could only produce 350 copies per hour, but fifty years afterwards, Leng had four elaborate machines in operation, each capable of throwing off 20,000 copies per hour.
He was the first to attempt illustrations in a daily paper, and when the primitive pantographic method was superseded by zincography, he founded a zincographic and photographic studio as part of the office equipment.
The difficulty of obtaining an adequate paper supply was overcome in 1893, when the Donside paper mills were acquired by a private limited liability company of which Leng was the chairman.

Leng proved to be a notable pioneer in other departments of journalistic enterprise. In May 1859, he founded the first half-penny daily newspaper in Scotland, under the title of the Daily Advertiser, but the limited machinery then available compelled him to suspend that venture. In January 1858 he established the People's Journal, a weekly newspaper, which soon reached the largest circulation of any similar paper in Scotland. A literary weekly paper, the People's Friend, was founded by him in 1869, and he lived to see it reach a circulation which rivalled that of London periodicals of its kind. The Evening Telegraph, halfpenny daily newspaper, was started in 1877 and had a successful career, being amalgamated in 1900 with the Evening Post, another local paper.

In 1860, he suggested the introduction of sixpenny telegrams, printing specimen forms similar to those afterwards adopted.
In September 1889, on the death of Joseph Firth one of two Member of Parliament for Dundee, Leng was returned without opposition in the liberal interest.
He was re-elected by large majorities in 1892, 1896, and 1900. retiring from the House of Commons at its dissolution in 1905.

An advanced radical and a supporter of Home Rule All Round, he made his maiden speech, on 26 March 1890, in support of the Parliamentary Elections (Scotland) bill, which proposed the expenses of returning officers at such elections to be paid out of the rates. Among the topics that he brought before the House of Commons were the excessive hours of railway guards, engine-drivers, and firemen; the appointment of female inspectors of factories and workshops and the boarding-out of pauper children by parochial boards. He was prominent in 1893, in support of the home rule bill of Gladstone, and of the employers' liability bill.

In the same year, he was knighted and was made deputy-lieutenant for the county of the city of Dundee.

In 1901, he established a trust "to stimulate literary and scientific pursuits amongst the youth of Dundee" and to encourage and promote the teaching of the Songs of Scotland. The trust is still in existence.

He was made an honorary burgess of Dundee in July 1902, and, in 1904, Hon. LL.D. of St. Andrews.

Despite his journalistic and parliamentary activity, he found time for extensive travel. He visited the United States and Canada in 1876 and frequently toured in France, Germany and the Netherlands. His first western journey was recorded in a volume entitled 'America in 1876' (Dundee, 1877), and a visit to India in 1896 was detailed in his book Letters from India and Ceylon (1897), a work that was translated and widely circulated in Germany.
Two journeys in the Near East produced Some European Rivers and Cities (1897) and Glimpses of Egypt and Sicily (1902).
A second American tour in 1905 was commemorated in Letters from the United States and Canada (1905).
In October 1906, he set out on a third tour to America but fell ill at Delmonte, California, and died there on 12 December 1906.
His body was cremated and the ashes brought home and interred at Vicarsford cemetery, near Newport-on-Tay, Fife.

Family
Leng married twice: in 1851, to Emily, to the elder daughter of Alderman Cook of Beverley; she died at Kinbrae, Newport, Fife, in 1894, leaving two sons and four daughters. He had the Lady Leng Memorial Chapel built in her memory in Vicarsford. He married in 1897, Mary, daughter of William Low, of Kirriemuir, who survived him.

His grandson was the journalist John Leng Sturrock, who was MP for Montrose Burghs from 1918 to 1924.

His daughter, Clara Beatrice Leng (d. 1941), married the Dundee shipowner William Thomson, the brother of the publisher David Couper Thomson.

References

Attribution

Sources

External links

1828 births
1906 deaths
Politicians from Kingston upon Hull
Knights Bachelor
Scottish Liberal Party MPs
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Scottish constituencies
UK MPs 1886–1892
UK MPs 1892–1895
UK MPs 1895–1900
UK MPs 1900–1906
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Dundee constituencies
Deputy Lieutenants of Dundee
People associated with Dundee


Henry M. Goodkind (December 3, 1900 – August 9, 1970) of New York City, was a distinguished American philatelist who specialized in the study of air mail postage stamps of the world, and published numerous articles and studies on the subject.

Philatelic literature
Goodkind was a prolific writer of philatelic literature on air mail stamps, writing over two hundred and fifty articles on the subject. He also wrote a number of books on air mail philately:
 United States: The First Air Mail Stamp (1951)
 United States: The 24c Air Mail Inverted Center of 1918 (1956)
 United States: RF (République Française) Overprints on Air Mail Stamps and Stationery 1944-1945 (1958)
 United States: The 5c Beacon Air Mail Stamp of 1928 (1965)

Philatelic activity
Henry M. Goodkind was active in the Collectors Club of New York, where he edited the Collectors Club Philatelist from 1949 to 1970. He was an advisory editor for the Sanabria Air Mail Catalog in 1944, and edited The Aero Philatelist's News (subsequently called The Aero Philatelist Annals) during the years 1946 to 1953.

Honors and awards
Goodkind received numerous honors nationally and internationally for his dedication to aerophilately. He received  the Lichtenstein Medal in 1963, signed the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1966, and was named to the American Philatelic Society Hall of Fame in 1975.

Legacy
According to the Scott Postage Stamp Catalog, air mail postage stamps were issued by postal authorities during the first half of the 20th century and discontinued during the decades after World War II.  Goodkind’s philatelic literature helps illustrate this period of aerophilately within the wider field of philately.

References
 Henry M. Goodkind

1900 births
1970 deaths
Philatelic literature
American philatelists
Writers from New York City
Signatories to the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists
American Philatelic Society


Chamechaude () is the highest summit in the Chartreuse Massif in the Isère department in eastern France. It is the fourth most prominent mountain in metropolitan France.

Ascent
The ascent is a hike, but there are also several climbing routes on the east face.

See also
Charmant Som
List of Alpine peaks by prominence

References

External links
 "Chamechaude, France" on Peakbagger

Mountains of the Alps
Mountains of Isère
Two-thousanders of France


CAMeL-View is a software application, which is used for the model based design of mechatronic systems (multi-body simulation, block diagrams, pneumatic systems, hydraulic systems, general simulation, linear analysis and Hardware-in-the-Loop).

CAMeL-View enables object-oriented model creation of mechatronic systems through the use of graphic blocks.  The basic elements of multi-body system dynamics, control technology, hydraulics and hardware connectivity support the modeling process.  The user’s proprietary C-Code can also be integrated into the models, which allows CAMeL-View TestRig to be implemented in all phases of the model based design process ( modeling, physical testing and prototyping), and lends itself especially well to mechatronic system design.

The model’s structure is described and displayed with the help of directional connectors.  Physical connections (such as mechanical or hydraulic linkages) as well as input and output connections (signal flow) are also available.  The input of equations is done via mathematical expressions, e.g. the input of constitutive differential equations in vector and matrix form.  Based on the model’s structure, the descriptive equations are converted into non-linear state space representations and converted into executable C-Code.

CAMeL-View supports the simulation process with a configurable “experiment environment” (for simulator and instrumentation components) which allows the user to apply simulation models to supported targets (MPC5200, TriCore, X86, etc.) without the need for additional software tools for Hardware-in-the-Loop applications.   In addition, the generation of so-called S-Functions for use in Simulink and the generation of ANSI C-Code for use in stand-alone simulators is also supported.

A particularly noteworthy feature in CAMeL-View TestRig is the way in which the descriptive equations for multi-body system models are created.  All multi-body simulation formalisms used for code generation create their equations in the form of typical explicit differential equations (ODE).  This is especially important in Hardware-in-the-Loop applications where the calculation of simulation results within a specific, defined time frame must be assured.  Only then is it possible to implement complex multi-body simulation models for Hardware-in-the-Loop applications under stringent real-time conditions.  These constraints cannot be met when using DAE-based methods.

Additional Toolboxes are available for linear analysis (Eigenvalues, pole-zero analysis, frequency response, etc.) of VRML-based animation.

Development of CAMeL-View began in 1991 in the Paderborn Mechatronic Laboratory of Professor Dr. Ing. J. Lückel.  The software was based on predecessors that had been developed there since 1986.  The name stands for Computer Aided Mechatronic Laboratory – Virtual Engineering Workbench and describes the basic intent of one of the specific demands placed on development engineers in the computer lab.

References
 M. Pohl, M. Hahn: Controller Design for an Electro-Hydraulic Power Sterring Applying Multi Domain Code Generation by CAMeL-View,9th International Workshop on Research and Education in Mechatronics 2008, University of Bergamo, Italy

External links
 CAMeL-View Download, at camelview.org website

Programming tools


FC Saturn Moscow Oblast () was an association football club from Russia founded in 1991 and playing on professional level between 1993 and 2010. Since 2004 it was the farm club of FC Saturn Moscow Oblast. In early 2011, the parent club FC Saturn Moscow Oblast went bankrupt and dropped out of the Russian Premier League due to huge debts. However, Saturn-2 passed the licensing and participated in the Russian Second Division.

Historical team names and home cities
1991–1992: FC Kosmos Dolgoprudny
1993: FC Kosmos-Kvest Dolgoprudny
1994–1998: FC Kosmos Dolgoprudny
1999–2002: FC Kosmos Elektrostal
2002–2003: FC Kosmos Yegoryevsk
2004–2007: FC Saturn Yegoryevsk
2007–2011: FC Saturn-2 Moscow Oblast
2011–present: FC Saturn Moscow Oblast

Current squad
As of May 29, 2012, according to the RFS website .

External links
Official website

Association football clubs established in 1991

Defunct football clubs in Russia
Football in Moscow Oblast
1991 establishments in Russia


Matteo Eydallin (born 6 November 1985) is an Italian ski mountaineer.

Eydallin was born in Turin and lives in Sauze d'Oulx. In 2003, when he started ski mountaineering, he competed first in the Trofeo Bozzetti event and became a member of the national selection.

Selected results
 2005:
 1st, European Championship single "juniors" race
 1st, European Championship "juniors" vertical race
 2009:
 1st, European Championship team race (together with Denis Trento)
 1st, Tour du Rutor (together with Denis Trento)
 1st, Trofeo "Rinaldo Maffeis" (together with Denis Trento)
 1st, Trofeo Mezzalama (together with Manfred Reichegger and Denis Trento)
 2nd, Pierra Menta (together with Denis Trento)
 2nd, Valtellina Orobie World Cup race
 2010:
 5th, World Championship single race
 2011:
 1st, World Championship team race, together with Denis Trento
 1st, World Championship relay, together with Manfred Reichegger, Robert Antonioli and Denis Trento
 1st, Tour du Rutor, together with Denis Trento
 2012:
 3rd, European Championship relay, together with Damiano Lenzi, Manfred Reichegger and Robert Antonioli
 6th, European Championship single
 6th, European Championship team, together with Denis Trento

Patrouille des Glaciers

 2010: 2nd, together with Pietro Lanfranchi and Manfred Reichegger

Pierra Menta

 2009: 2nd, together with Denis Trento
 2011: 3rd, together with Denis Trento
 2012: 2nd, together with Denis Trento

External links
 Matteo Eydallin bei Skimountaineering.org

References

1985 births
Living people
Italian male ski mountaineers
World ski mountaineering champions
Sportspeople from Turin
Skiers from Piedmont
Ski mountaineers of Gruppo Sportivo Esercito
People from Sauze d'Oulx


is a mountain in the Kitami Mountains. It is located on the border of Bifuka, Otoineppu and Esashi, Hokkaidō, Japan.

Mount Hako is made from mafic non-alkali rock from 15 to 7 million years old.

References

 Geographical Survey Institute

Mountains of Hokkaido


Mane Minister (foaled 1988 in Kentucky, died in 2010) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse best remembered as the first and, at present, the only, horse to finish third in all three of the U.S. Triple Crown races. Bred by Normandy Farm in Lexington, Kentucky, he was out of the mare Lacework, whose sire was In Reality, winner of the 1967 Florida Derby and the leading sire of two-year-olds in 1977. Mane Minister's sire was Deputy Minister, the 1981 Canadian Horse of the Year and the  leading sire in North America in 1997 and 1998. Deputy Minister, his sire Vice Regent, and his grandsire Northern Dancer are all Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame inductees.

Purchased and raced by Californian Trudy McCaffery and Canadian John Toffan, Mane Minister scored his most important win in the 1991 Santa Catalina Stakes. He went that year on to finish third to Strike the Gold in the Kentucky Derby and third to Hansel in the Preakness and Belmont Stakes.

Retired to stud duty, in the United States Mane Minister notably sired Bosque Redondo, who raced for McCaffery and Toffan and in 2002 won the San Bernardino Handicap and Tokyo City Cup. Since 1997, Mane Minister has stood at stud in Brazil.

References
 Mane Minister's pedigree and partial racing stats
 Mane Minister's 1991 Kentucky Derby

1988 racehorse births
Thoroughbred family 22-d
Racehorses bred in Kentucky
Racehorses trained in the United States


Theophil Heinrich Wurm (7 December 1868, Basel – 28 January 1953, Stuttgart) was the son of a pastor and was a leader in the German Protestant Church in the early twentieth century.

Wurm was active in politics. He was a member of the Christian Social Party before World War I, and thereafter of the Citizens’ Party. He held a seat in the Württemberg State Parliament () until 1920.

As a young man Wurm was a prison chaplain, and became a parish pastor when he was 45. He progressed in the hierarchy of the Lutheran Evangelical State Church in Württemberg and became church president in 1929, with this office being retitled into  Landesbischof (bishop of the regional Protestant church) in 1933. Like many churchmen, he initially favored the Nazi regime, but its church policy soon moved him into opposition.

In September 1934 Wurm was deposed from his bishopric by Reich's bishop Ludwig Müller because of his views on church policy (including the Barmen Declaration), and was placed under house arrest. These extreme measures were eventually rescinded by Hitler in the wake of protests and the stripping of power from Müller. Wurm then held the office of bishop until 1948.

Wurm withdrew from the German Christians and aligned himself with the Confessing Church, attending its synods, but he did not advocate the more extreme policies of the church's more militant wing. Nevertheless, he was not politically apathetic and made numerous complaints to the Nazi party and the Nazi state. After the start of the war, he protested the murders of psychiatric patients under the Nazi euthanasia program. Wurm and the Catholic Bishop of Münster, Clemens August Graf von Galen, were able to lead widespread public opposition to the murder of invalids. This earned him a 1944 ban against public speaking and writing.

He associated with the resistance movements that centered on Carl Goerdeler and Ludwig Beck.

He was admired by his fellow churchmen and in 1945 (in connection with the Allies' de-nazification efforts) he was elected chairman of the Council of the newly created Protestant umbrella Evangelical Church in Germany.

He was a signatory of the October 1945 Stuttgart Declaration of Guilt.

See also
Karl Barth
Dietrich Bonhoeffer
Martin Niemöller

References

Further reading

External links
 Online Biography of Wurm at German Resistance Memorial Center

1868 births
1953 deaths
People from Basel-Stadt
Protestants in the German Resistance
Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg
Presidents of the Council of the Evangelical Church in Germany
Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Prison chaplains
20th-century German Lutheran bishops


FC Kosmos Dolgoprudny () is a professional association football club from Dolgoprudny, Russia. It made its debut in the third-highest Russian Second League in the 2022–23 season.

History
A club with the same name played professionally from 1991 to 1998 before moving to a different city. After Kosmos moved, a new club was organized in Dolgoprudny called FSC Dolgoprudny. That club eventually was promoted to the second-tier Russian Football National League as FC Olimp-Dolgoprudny for the 2021–22 season, and a farm club called FC Olimp-Dolgoprudny-2 was registered for the third tier. Following the season, Olimp-Dolgoprudny was not licensed due to financial issues, and a resurrected Kosmos, created on the base of FC Olimp-Dolgoprudny-2, was licensed for the Russian Second League.

Current squad
As of 10 October 2023, according to the Second League website.

See also
FC Saturn-2 Moscow Region

References

External links
Official website

Association football clubs established in 2022
Football clubs in Russia
Football in Moscow Oblast
2022 establishments in Russia


Hedong Station (), formerly Baihedong Station () during planning, is a station on Guangfo Line. It is located under Hedong Road () in Fangcun, Liwan District, Guangzhou. It entered operation on December 28, 2015.

Station layout

Exits

References

Guangzhou Metro stations in Liwan District
Foshan Metro stations
Railway stations in China opened in 2015


The fifth season of Supernatural, an American dark fantasy television series created by Eric Kripke, premiered September 10, 2009, and concluded on May 13, 2010, on The CW. Season five regular cast members include Jared Padalecki, Jensen Ackles and Misha Collins, who was promoted to series regular this season. After the conclusion of this season, series creator Eric Kripke stepped down as showrunner. The fifth season was released on DVD and Blu-ray in region 1 on September 7, 2010. The season follows Sam and Dean as they set out to take down Lucifer, whom Sam had inadvertently released from Hell at the end of the previous season.

Mark Pellegrino plays the role of Lucifer. Paris Hilton guest stars in the episode "Fallen Idols", in which she plays Leshi, a god that takes the form of various well-known faces including herself. The season also features the return of Jo and her mother Ellen Harvelle, as well as hunter Rufus Turner, the Trickster and the prophet Chuck Shurley.

Cast

Starring
 Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester / Lucifer
 Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester
 Misha Collins as Castiel

Special guest star
 Paris Hilton as Herself / Leshi

Guest stars

Episodes

In this table, the number in the first column refers to the episode's number within the entire series, whereas the number in the second column indicates the episode's number within that particular season. "U.S. viewers in millions" refers to how many Americans who watched the episode live or on the day of broadcast.

Reception
The fifth season received critical acclaim, and is widely regarded as one of the show's best seasons. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 90% approval rating for Supernatural'''s fifth season, with an average rating of 7.83/10 based on 10 reviews. The critics consensus reads, "Supernatural'' continues to benefit from its charismatic leads and a solid script, creating a story that is almost supernaturally addictive."

Controversy
The episode "Hammer of the Gods" was controversial among Indian and Hindu audiences, as it depicted Kali and Ganesh in a negative light.

Notes

References

External links

Supernatural 05
2009 American television seasons
2010 American television seasons
Hinduism in pop culture-related controversies
Television controversies in India
Religious controversies in television
Religious controversies in India


Hemming (occasionally Heming) was a monk, author and compiler in medieval England from around the time of the Norman conquest of England. He was a senior brother at Worcester Cathedral Priory, and his significance derives from the monastic cartulary (and works therein) attributed to him.

Hemming's name is Scandinavian, which may mean either he or his ancestors were Scandinavians settled in England. His birth and death dates are unknown, but he was actively writing soon after the Conquest. Hemming became a sub-prior in the Worcester cathedral priory. He is named in both the Liber Vitae of Worcester Cathedral as well as a list of members of the cathedral chapter that was compiled during the episcopate of Samson, the bishop from 1096 to 1112.

Hemming was the eponymous author and compiler of a work usually called Hemming's Cartulary. This is a collection of documents gathered together with a series of narratives about Worcester and its cathedral chapter. His compilation includes a life of Wulfstan, the Bishop of Worcester who died in 1095. This life was written in Latin. The historian Antonia Gransden describes this work as "more like an inventory of charters in narrative form than a biography".

Although Hemming has traditionally been credited with the entire work of the cartulary, it is actually two works that were collected together after Hemming completed his work. Hemming was the author of the second, later part, which was later bound together with an earlier cartulary to form the manuscript Cotton Tiberius A xiii, one of the manuscripts in the Cotton Library. In part of the work, the preface known as the "Enucleatios libelli", Hemming names himself as the person responsible for compiling the work, and names Wulfstan as the inspiration for his work. Historians usually take the preface to mean that Wulfstan commissioned the work. The cartulary is not just a collection of deeds and charters, but includes other historical information of importance, especially for his monastery. He compiled the various documents into a narrative whole.

One of the themes of Hemming's work is the deprivations suffered by his monastery at the hands of royal officials. Hemming singled out the conquests of England by Cnut and William the Conqueror as being especially damaging.

The historian Simon Keynes calls Hemming the "historian of his house". Hemming, according to the historian V. H. Galbraith, might be considered the first archivist in English history, as he arranged to have the documents at Worcester stored under locks, and spent time repairing and restoring some of the original documents in the cathedral.

Hemming was a contemporary of two other Worcester monks who wrote historical works. One was Coleman, who wrote a now lost Life of Wulfstan that was used as a source by William of Malmesbury. Another was John of Worcester, who reworked the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle into a Chronicon ex chronicis.

Although the correct form of the name is "Hemming", a transcription error in the 18th century caused many 18th- and 19th-century historians to use the one-m form of the name, until it was corrected in the Dictionary of National Biography article on Hemming in 1891.

Citations

References

  also reprinted in

 O'Donnell, Thomas. "Identities in Community: Literary Culture and Memory at Worcester." In Constructing History Across the Norman Conquest: Worcester, c.1050-c.1150, ed. by Francesca Tinti and D. A. Woodman. York: York Medieval Press, 2022. 31-60.

External links

11th-century English historians
11th-century Christian clergy
English Christian monks
11th-century Christian monks
11th-century writers in Latin


WKVE (103.1 FM "KVE") is an album oriented rock formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Mount Pleasant, Pennsylvania, serving Westmoreland County, Fayette County and Southwestern Pennsylvania in particular. WKVE is owned and operated by Broadcast Communications, Inc.

History
Formerly WANB-FM, the station had been simulcasting the broadcast day of sister station WANB. The station was previously licensed to Waynesburg, Pennsylvania, USA, and obtained a construction permit to change its community of license to Mount Pleasant, Pennsylvania, raise power, and move its tower to better serve southwestern Pennsylvania.

On March 9, 2009, the call letters were changed to WKVE.  One year later, on March 9, 2010, the station silenced its Waynesburg transmitter and began broadcasting from its new facilities, repeating a "loop" directing former WANB listeners to that station's other frequencies, 1210 AM and 105.1 FM, and announcing the current format which debuted on May 4, 2010 on 103.1.

Call Sign
The WKVE callsign was originally used at WDDH in St. Mary's, Pennsylvania.  That station was built in 1986 as WKYN by Robert & Ashley Stevens and owned and operated under their corporate entity Broadcast Communications, Inc.  In the early 1990s WKYN became WKVE and aired the "KVE" album oriented rock format.  After the Stevens sold WKVE in the mid 1990s to begin acquiring stations in their hometown area, of Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, the callsign was then subsequently used by Educational Media Foundation at one of their K-LOVE format stations, which is now WKVK, licensed to Semora, North Carolina.  Educational Media Foundation transferred the callsign WKVE back to Broadcast Communications, Inc. for use at what was then WANB-FM, which became WKVE when a major facility upgrade, including the move from Greene County to Westmoreland County was implemented.  Though similar, WKVE's callsign is not a "nod" to nearby WDVE in Pittsburgh.  The "KVE" format is a true album oriented rock format that is programmed similar to the programming style of album oriented rock formats that were very popular in the 1970s and 1980s in particular. WKVE plays some 1990's, 2000's and 2010's rock bands such as Counting Crows, Shinedown, Foo Fighters, Candlebox, 3 Doors Down, Pearl Jam and other bands that can be found on the WKVE website.

On-Air Schedule
KVE on-air personalities include Bill Korch, Lynn Bradley(news), Michael J Daniels, Doug Cannin, Caleb Michaels(Program Director), and Ashley & Ben, the roving live remote broadcasting crew. You can often hear Caleb Michael's on Saturday nights from around 6 pm to 11 pm. There's chances to win PA lottery scratch offs and other prizes given away on the air.

References

External links
103.1 KVE Online
WKVE on Facebook

KVE
Radio stations established in 1978