Shobhraj is a 1986 Indian Malayalam-language action thriller film directed by J. Sasikumar and written by Vijayan Karote, starring Mohanlal and Madhavi. The film is a remake of the 1978 Hindi film Don written by Salim–Javed. Mohanlal portrays dual roles as Shobhraj and Dharmaraj.

Plot
Shobhraj is the leader of an underworld syndicate who in spite of being one of the most wanted on the list of Interpol, remains elusive to the police. Along with the police, He makes a few other enemies through his merciless approach to running his organization, especially when he kills one of his own men, Babu, when the latter decides to leave the business.  This introduces Shobhraj to two new enemies, Julie, Babu's fiancée, and Nisha, Babu's sister. When Julie seduces Sobharaj and attempts to have the police arrest him, her plan backfires as Shobhraj outsmarts her and the police in his escape, and in the process, Julie is killed. A shattered, revenge-seeking Nisha gets trained in judo and karate, then enters Shobhraj's gang after deceiving them into thinking that she too is on the wrong side of the law. Shobhraj is impressed with her fighting skills and allows her to work for him, without realizing her true intentions.

Meanwhile, after a couple of unsuccessful attempts at nabbing Shobhraj but unbeknownst to her, the Deputy Superintendent of Police Mohandas is tracking down Shobhraj and in one of their confrontations, the DSP wounds Shobhraj, resulting in his death. After which the DSP remembers a person 'Dharmaraj' who looks like Shobhraj, who is really Shobhraj's blood brother, who were separated when they were small. DSP then tracks that person down. He requests Raj to impersonate Shobhraj so that the DSP can take down the rest of Shobhraj's gang, Raj requests that the DSP promises him that he will give a proper education to the children Salim and Suhra that he is looking after. The DSP then secretly holds a burying of Shobhraj. Around the time Dharmaraj "returns" to Shobhraj's gang as Shobhraj under the guise of amnesia, Raheem, just released from jail, begins his mission of revenge against DSP Mohandas and his search for his children Salim and Suhra, who had been saved and taken care of by Dharmaraj. Raheem has a past starting from his childhood playing with Shobhraj and Dharmaraj.

One day, the three went to fishing and when a fight occurred between Shobhraj and Dharmaraj, Dharmaraj falls into the river. Worried about the death of his brother, Shobhraj and Raheem flee and they later became criminals. After marriage, Raheem decided to change his life, but Shobhraj didn't like Raheem quitting and he felt angry. After some years, Shobhraj's Gang members visit him in seeking help Shobhraj run from jail in return of money. Attempt is succeeded and Shobhraj gives the money but Raheem learns from his children that his wife has eaten poison and is in the hospital. Raheem runs to the hospital with the money but DSP Mohandas arrests him for helping Shobhraj escape prison. In a struggle, Raheem's leg was shot.

Dharmaraj learns more about Shobhraj's gang and makes a plan with the DSP to prove the memory could be regained. The gang now believes that Shobhraj's memory is regained. There is a diary which Shobhraj listed the names and addresses of men belonging to the gang. Dharmaraj carefully takes the diary with anyone noticing and tells his gang that he is going to take revenge on the DSP, but is actually going there to give him the red diary. Nisha goes after him, but Dharmaraj survives the attack and he tries to explain to her that he is not Shobhraj. She refuses to believe him at first but DSP Mohandas intervenes and tells her that the man she is trying to kill is indeed Dharmaraj. He tells DSP that there is going to be a meet with all the men belonging to the gang internationally.

Incidents occur when Raheem comes to DSP's house and in a talk, knows that Salim and Suhra are taken care by the DSP and DSP promises Raheem to return. Celebrations ensue as Shobhraj announces his return to the world, but things take a drastic turn when the police raid the celebrations, acting upon Dharmaraj's information, but Dharmaraj's only witness to his true identity, Mohandas, dies in the crossfire. Tangled in a web of confusion where the police refuse to believe that he is Dharmaraj while his underworld gang realizes that he is indeed not Shobhraj, Dharmaraj incites the ire of both the police and Shobhraj's right-hand man, Shekhar. To add to Dharmaraj's woes, the diary that Dharmaraj had handed over to DSP Mohandas – his last hope of proving his innocence – is stolen by Raheem in an attempt to track down his lost children, without realizing that Dharmaraj is the one man who can reunite them. Dharmaraj escapes the clutches of the police and the underworld with Nisha's help and returns to his old self though he struggles to prove his identity and innocence.

Cast
 Mohanlal as Shobhraj and Dharmaraj (Dual role)
 T. G. Ravi as Raheem, a childhood friend of Shobhraj and Dharmaraj
 Madhavi as Nisha
 Priya as Julie
 K. P. Ummer as DSP Mohandas
 Jose
C. I. Paul
 Chithra
 Sathaar
 Jagannatha Varma

Soundtrack
The music was composed by L. Vaidyanathan and the lyrics were written by Cheramangalam.

References

External links

 Shobhraj at the Malayalam Movie Database

1986 films
1980s Malayalam-language films
Malayalam remakes of Hindi films
Films with screenplays by Salim–Javed
Films directed by J. Sasikumar
Films about Interpol
Indian gangster films
Fictional portrayals of the Kerala Police
Films about the illegal drug trade


Tadeusz Świętochowski (; 28 April 1932 – 15 February 2017) was a Polish-American historian and Caucasologist, Professor Emeritus of Columbia University and Monmouth University.

Biography
Świętochowski was born in France into a family of Polish diplomat Stanisław Świętochowski, who died in the USSR, probably in Butyrka prison. After graduating with a degree in Turkish studies from the University of Warsaw, he left Poland for the Middle East, where he earned his MA in Arab Studies at the American University of Beirut, and later studied Arab History at the Cairo University. In 1965, he moved with his wife Marie Lukens, whom he met in Istanbul, to New York, where he received a PhD degree from the New York University.

Tadeusz Swietochowski was a Professor of Soviet and Middle East Studies at Monmouth University, New Jersey. He was a fellow at the Kennan Institute, Washington, D.C., and a Senior Fellow at the Harriman Institute, Columbia University.

Swietochowski was a specialist on the modern history of Azerbaijan. He was an Honorary Doctor of Khazar University and Baku State University and Honorary Member of Central Eurasian Studies Society. His fields of study included the modern history of the Middle East and Azerbaijan.

He also lectured at the Warsaw University as Fulbright Senior Specialist.

Selected works
 Poland between Germany and Russia (1926-1939): the theory of two enemies. (Edited by Alexander Korczyński & Tadeusz Świętochowski). Pilsudski Institute of America, New York, 1975.
 Guide to the collections of the Pilsudski Institute of America for research in the modern history of Poland. Pilsudski Institute of America, New York, 1980.
Russian Azerbaijan (1905-1920): the shaping of a national identity in a Muslim community. Cambridge University Press, Boston, 1985, 272 pages. (Translated into Turkish: Müslüman Cemaatten Ulusal Kimliğe Rus Azerbaycanı, 1905-1920. Istanbul, Bağlam Yayınları, 1988).
 Karol Wędziagolski. Boris Savinkov: portrait of a terrorist. (Edited by Tadeusz Swietochowski, translated by Margaret Patoski). Kingston Press, Clifton NJ, 1988.
 Der Islam und die Entwicklung nationaler Identität in Aserbaidschan. Markus Verlag-Gesellschaft, Köln, 1989.
Russia and Azerbaijan: a borderland in transition. Columbia University Press, New York, 1995, 289 pages. (Translated into Azeri: Rusiya və Azərbaycan: dəyişən sərhədlər. Khazar University Press, Baku, 2000).
 Azerbejdżan i Rosja: kolonializm, islam i narodowość w podzielonym kraju. Instytut Studiów Politycznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Warszawa, 1998, 302 str.
 Historical Dictionary of Azerbaijan (co-author). Scarecrow Press, Lanham MD, 1999, 130 pages.
 Azerbaijan: the hidden faces of Islam. = World Policy Journal (New York), Fall 2002, volume XIX, number 3, pages 69-76.
Azerbejdżan. Wydawnictwo Trio, Warszawa, 2006, 303 str.

Notes

External links
 Zmarł prof. Tadeusz Świętochowski.
 Obituary for Professor Swietochowski in Poland.
 Obituary of Professor Swietochowski in the New York Times, 20.II.2017.

1932 births
2017 deaths
American historians
Polish emigrants to the United States
Monmouth University faculty
Historians of the Caucasus


The Camouflage Central-Europe () is the standard camouflage pattern of the French Armed Forces.

It is also used for vehicles of the French Army but with different shapes, since 1986, it took six years to generalize it to the entire military fleet. It is now being replaced since 2020 by the "Scorpion Camouflage" which is intended for new generation vehicles.

History
Camouflage Central Europe (CCE) was introduced in 1991, replacing both TAP 47 pattern camouflage and khaki F2 uniforms as used by the French military. But the pattern was brought to service by 1994.

In 2018, a contract worth €50 million was made for new combat suits in CCE camo pattern.

Two variants of the CCE are used in French military uniforms, which consist of the Uniform T3 and the Uniform T4. In 2019, the Tenue Combat F3 uniform was announced to be the standard uniform in CCE for the French Army.

In 2024, it's due to be replaced by a Multicam-based camo called the BME.

Design

It is suggested that the design of the CCE was primarily based around the summer foliage of Fontainebleau forest. The design is made of black branches and large horizontal medium green and brown colored elements on a tan background, being inspired by the U.S. Woodland pattern.

Variants

Camouflage Daguet

Users

 : Vests with the pattern used by Austrian Stabilisation Force in Bosnia and Herzegovina soldiers in 2004.
 : Used by the Cape Verdean National Guard.
 : CCE clones used by CAR military units.
 : CCE clones used by Comoran military units.
 : Introduced by the French military in 1991, but only adopted in service in 1994.
 : Used the similar camouflage pattern inspired by CCE for Indian Troops from 2006, officially designated as PC-DPM Being replaced by new disruptive digital pattern made by NIFT from 2022.
 : Used by Qatari troops deployed to Lebanon in 2006.
 : Used by Ukrainian Forces and Kastuś Kalinoŭski Regiment.
 : UAE troops wore CCE uniforms in Kosovo during peacekeeping operations.

References

Bibliography

Camouflage patterns
Military equipment introduced in the 1990s


James or Jim Holland may refer to:

James Holland (North Carolina politician) (1754–1823), U.S. Congressman from the state of North Carolina
James Holland (New Hampshire politician), member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives
James Holland (artist) (1800–1870), English landscape painter
James Holland (author) (born 1970), British historian, author and broadcaster
James Holland (soccer) (born 1989), Australian football (soccer) player
James Buchanan Holland (1857–1914), U.S. federal judge
James F. Holland (1925–2018), American physician and cancer researcher
James Job Holland (1841–1922), Liberal Party Member of Parliament in Auckland, New Zealand
James P. Holland (1865–1941), president of the New York State Federation of Labor, 1916–1926
James Phillip Holland (1934–1998), American endocrinologist and professor
Jim Holland (athlete) (born 1924), US National champion long jumper
Jim Holland (ski jumper) (born 1967), ski jumper
James C. Holland (1853–1919), American architect in Kansas
James V. Holland (1835–1916), American politician and businessman
James Holland (Texas Ranger), serial killer investigator


Skënder Temali (30 July 1946 – April 17, 2021) was an Albanian writer, poet and journalist.

Life
After earning a degree from the Luigj Gurakuqi University of Shkodër, Albanian literature and language, Temali worked for many years on local and national radio stations and in Radio Shkodra. Currently, Temali is a teacher in a Shkodër high school.

He started to write poetry, novels, and short stories since he was in high school and won several national and international awards. In later years, Temali was also the editor for new generation writers.

His 12th and publication came in 2009 and was called Lirika të hershme dhe të vona (Early and late lyrics).

Temali died from COVID-19 in 2021.

References

External links
 Personal website

1946 births
2021 deaths
Albanian-language writers
Albanian journalists
Writers from Shkodër
Albanian schoolteachers
Male journalists
20th-century Albanian poets
21st-century Albanian poets
Albanian-language poets
Albanian male writers
21st-century Albanian writers
Albanian male poets
Albanian novelists
Male novelists
20th-century novelists
21st-century novelists
Albanian male short story writers
Albanian short story writers
20th-century short story writers
21st-century short story writers
20th-century male writers
21st-century male writers
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Albania


Rico Elmer (born 23 July 1969) is a Swiss ski mountaineer and mountain runner.

Elmer was born in village of Elm in the canton of Glarus. He first competed in the Patrouille des Glaciers event in 1996 and has been member of the national team since 2003. Professionally he is deployed in the Border Guard Corps.

Selected results
 2000:
 1st and course record, Tour de Matterhorn (together with Emanuel Buchs and Damien Farquet)
 2002:
 1st, Patrouille de la Maya A-course, together with Damien Farquet and Rolf Zurbrügg
 2003:
 1st, Trophée des Gastlosen, together with Damien Farquet
 1st, European Championship team race (together with Damien Farquet)
 3rd, European Championship combination ranking
 4th, European Championship single race
 2004:
 1st, World Championship single race
 3rd, World Championship relay race (together with Alexander Hug, Alain Richard and Pierre Bruchez)
 3rd, Transcavallo race (together with Damien Farquet)
 2006:
 3rd, World Championship relay race (together with Alexander Hug, Alain Rey and Florent Troillet)
 3rd, European Cup race in Albosaggia (together with Florent Troillet)
 3rd, Swiss Championship vertical race
 4th, World Championship team race (together with Alexander Hug)

Patrouille des Glaciers

 1998: 1st, together with Pvt E-2 Damien Farquet and Pvt E-2 Emanuel Buchs
 2000: 1st and course record, together with Pvt E-2 Damien Farquet and Pvt E-2 Emanuel Buchs
 2004: 3rd, together with Damien Farquet and Rolf Zurbrügg
 2006: 3rd (and 1st in international military teams ranking), together with Pvt E-2 Florent Troillet and Pvt E-2 Yannick Ecoeur
 2008: 5th ("seniors I" class ranking), mixed team together with Sophie Dusautoir Bertrand and Marie Troillet
 2010: 3rd, together with Jean-Daniel Masserey and Jean-Yves Rey

Trofeo Mezzalama

 2001: 4th, together with Damien Farquet and Emanuel Buchs
 2003: 1st, together with Damien Farquet and Rolf Zurbrügg

Pierra Menta

 2003: 6th, together with Damien Farquet

External links
 Rico Elmer at skimountaineering.com

References

1969 births
Living people
Swiss male ski mountaineers
World ski mountaineering champions
Swiss military patrol (sport) runners
Swiss mountain runners
People from the canton of Glarus


Kyle Nathaniel Blanks (born September 11, 1986) is an American former professional baseball outfielder and first baseman. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Diego Padres, Oakland Athletics, and Texas Rangers. Blanks wore the unusual uniform number 88 throughout his MLB career. Listed at  and , he batted and threw right-handed.

Early life
Blanks was born in Sellersville, Pennsylvania and grew up in Moriarty, New Mexico where he was a stand-out for the Moriarty High Pintos.  Blanks attended Yavapai College.

Professional career

San Diego Padres

Blanks was selected by San Diego Padres in the 42nd round (1241st overall) of the 2004 Major League Baseball Draft. He was the Padres' Minor League Player of the Year in 2008. Though he was a standout first baseman, he started playing in the outfield in April 2009. He  was called up to the majors for the first time after only 66 Triple-A games when Cliff Floyd was placed on the disabled list on June 19, . He played left field for the Padres after only 15 games in the outfield for Portland. He hit 10 home runs in 148 at bats in his first MLB season as he continued to be the Padres' highest-rated prospect. He hit only .150 in his first 40 at-bats, but finished with 10 homers with a .287 average. His season ended on August 28 with a case of plantar fasciitis. During the offseason, the Padres traded away third baseman Kevin Kouzmanoff in order to move Chase Headley to the infield to open a position for Blanks in left field.

Blanks began the 2010 season as the Padres cleanup hitter behind Adrián González. Blanks' season ended in May with an elbow that required reconstructive surgery. He finished batting only .157 with three homers, 15 RBI and an alarming 46 strikeouts in 102 at-bats. After González was traded in the offseason, Padres General Manager Jed Hoyer expected either newly acquired Anthony Rizzo or Blanks to eventually be the Padres starting first baseman.

Blanks started 2011 on the disabled list. He played 78 games at Double-A San Antonio and Triple-A Tucson, hitting a combined .312 with 15 home runs and 62 RBI. He was promoted to San Diego and Anthony Rizzo was sent down to Tucson on July 22. He finished the season hitting .229 with seven home runs and 26 RBI in 170 at bats.

Hoyer believed that Rizzo would be the starting first baseman for the Padres in 2012. The San Diego Union-Tribune projected Jesús Guzmán and Blanks as options for left field. However, he was lost for the season in April after surgery to repair a significant tear in the labrum of his non-throwing shoulder.

Blanks played well during 2013 spring training, but began the year with Tucson with left field occupied by Carlos Quentin and first base occupied by Yonder Alonso.  Blanks was called up on April 14 when Quentin began serving a suspension for a brawl. He remained with the club after Quentin's return as an injury to Cameron Maybin opened up a spot in the outfield.  Blanks also picked up a number of starts at first base in June while Yonder Alonso was on the disabled list with a broken hand.  Blanks himself went to the disabled list on July 12 with tendinitis in his left heel.  He returned on August 31 after a rehab assignment and spent the rest of the season with the club.  For the year, Blanks set a career high with 88 games played and 71 starts.  He hit .243 in 280 at-bats with 8 home runs.

Blanks was chosen to start the 2014 season in the minors. Blanks was called up on May 5, after Xavier Nady was designated for assignment. Blanks only played 5 games for the Padres in 2014, getting 2 hits in 10 at bats.

Oakland Athletics
On May 15, 2014, the Padres traded Blanks to the Oakland Athletics for Jake Goebbert and minor leaguer Ronald Herrera. He was designated for assignment on November 28, 2014.

Texas Rangers
On December 15, 2014, the Texas Rangers signed Blanks to a minor league contract with a base salary of $1 million, and $600,000 in performance related bonuses if he made the big league roster. Blanks appeared in 18 games for the Rangers in 2015, hitting .313 in 71 plate appearances.

San Francisco Giants
Blanks signed with the San Francisco Giants on a minor league contract in November 2015. Despite missing time in 2016 due to injury, the Giants re-signed Blanks to a minor league deal for the 2017 season. He was released on May 26, 2017.

Acereros de Monclova
On June 13, 2017, Blanks signed with the Acereros de Monclova of the Mexican Baseball League. He was released on June 22, 2017.

Awards and honors

References

External links

MiLB.com player profile

1986 births
Living people
Acereros de Monclova players
African-American baseball players
American expatriate baseball players in Mexico
Arizona League Padres players
Baseball players from Pennsylvania
El Paso Chihuahuas players
Fort Wayne Wizards players
Gigantes de Carolina players
Lake Elsinore Storm players
Major League Baseball first basemen
Major League Baseball left fielders
Major League Baseball right fielders
Mexican League baseball left fielders
Oakland Athletics players
People from Moriarty, New Mexico
People from Sellersville, Pennsylvania
Sportspeople from Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Peoria Saguaros players
Portland Beavers players
Round Rock Express players
Sacramento River Cats players
San Antonio Missions players
San Diego Padres players
Texas Rangers players
Tucson Padres players
Yavapai Roughriders baseball players
21st-century African-American sportspeople
20th-century African-American people


John Joseph O'Loughlin (10 August 1873 – 8 August 1960) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Geelong and St Kilda and an umpire in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

O'Loughlin started his career at Footscray, while they were a Victorian Football Association (VFA) club, but got his chance in the big league when he crossed to Geelong in 1898. O'Loughlin spent 1898 and 1901 at Geelong for 22 matches and 1902 at St Kilda for three matches.

When boundary umpires were introduced to the VFL in 1904, O'Loughlin was one of the first appointed. He officiated in 91 matches until 1910, including the 1909 Grand Final, and also field umpired in country Victoria.

References

External links

Australian rules footballers from Geelong
Geelong Football Club players
St Kilda Football Club players
Footscray Football Club (VFA) players
Australian Football League umpires
1873 births
1960 deaths


Nicholas Mark Harding (born 1964 in London) is an author and British screenwriter who has written for film, television, magazines, newspapers and computer games. He is also a published poet and short story writer. He is the author of the cult classic and critically acclaimed How to Start Your Own Secret Society. He has appeared on ITV’s This Morning, has been a contributor to TV documentaries on secret societies including one for Channel 4 and has made over fifty appearances for both local and national BBC radio. He co-wrote The Notebooks of Cornelius Crow, shown in Cannes in 2004, and Folie a Deux, premièred at the Maine International Film Festival in 2012, with director Sean Martin. He is active in the Mendip Caving scene and was a co-discoverer of the Lost Cave of Loxton made famous by Alexander Catcott, Axbridge Hill Cavern and Upper Canada Cave in Hutton near Weston super Mare. He is a member of the Axbridge Caving Group. He is an atheist, skeptic and a registered Bright. He was one of the interviewees on BBC Radio 4's Weston's New Pier presented by Chris Ledgard. His novel Sunsphere, a tongue in cheek historical conspiracy, was published in 2011. He was co-writer of The Way Out, winner of a 2020 Royal Television Society award, starring Omid Jalili and Blaithin Mac Gabhann, directed by Suri Krishnamma, for BBC4, The Arts Council and Battersea Arts Centre. He is currently developing film and television projects and is represented by Olav Wyper at SMA Talent in London.

Books
 "Urban Legends" 2004 ()
 "Secret Societies" 2005 ()
 "How to Start Your Own Secret Society" 2006 Paperback ()                                 Hardback 2007 ()
 "How To Be A Good Atheist" 2007 ()
 "How To Be A Good Atheist" Audio Version 2009 ()
 "Sunsphere" 2011 ()

Journalism
 "Here's the Whisper on Secret Societies" - The Daily Express December 2006
 "Secret Societies" ICE Magazine no: 48 2005
 "Tunnel Vision" ICE Magazine no: 53 2006

Computer Games
 "Crime Life - Gang Wars" Konami 2005

Filmography as screenwriter
 "Meeting a Bullet" (2004) A New York crime drama
 "25%" (2005) A Los Angeles crime drama
 "The Notebooks of Cornelius Crow" (2005), a psychological thriller set in London
 "Reality Horror Night" (2008) Comedy Horror set in a hotel.
 "Brazen Bull" (2009)
 "Folie a Deux" (2012) A story about an online date with a secret.
 "Isolated" (2020)
 "The Way Out" (2020)

External links

1964 births
Living people
English short story writers
English screenwriters
English male screenwriters
English sceptics
English male short story writers
English male poets
Writers about religion and science


The Communauté de communes de la Région de Rambervillers is an administrative association of communes in the Vosges département of eastern France and in the region of Grand Est. It has its administrative offices at Rambervillers. Its area is 328.8 km2, and its population was 12,999 in 2019.

Composition
As of 2022, the association comprises 30 communes:

Anglemont
Autrey
Bazien
Brû
Bult
Clézentaine
Deinvillers
Domptail
Doncières
Fauconcourt
Hardancourt
Housseras
Jeanménil
Ménarmont
Ménil-sur-Belvitte
Moyemont
Nossoncourt
Ortoncourt
Rambervillers
Romont
Roville-aux-Chênes
Saint-Benoît-la-Chipotte
Sainte-Barbe
Sainte-Hélène
Saint-Genest
Saint-Gorgon
Saint-Maurice-sur-Mortagne
Saint-Pierremont
Vomécourt
Xaffévillers

References

Rambervillers Region
Rambervillers


Scott Anthony Emerson (born 15 January 1964) is a former Australian politician and journalist. He is a director of national consulting firm GXO Strategies and a commentator on Nine Entertainment’s national breakfast television program Today. He hosted the Scott Emerson Drive Show on Brisbane talkback radio station 4BC from 2020 to 2022. He served as the Minister for Transport and Main Roads Minister in the Newman Ministry from 2012 to 2015. In the Legislative Assembly of Queensland he represented the seat of Indooroopilly in Brisbane's inner-west, from 2009 to 2017. Indooroopilly was abolished at the 2017 state election and Emerson chose to contest the new seat of Maiwar which had a notional LNP margin of 3%; Emerson was unsuccessful in his bid, losing to the Greens candidate Michael Berkman.

Early life
Emerson was born in Ipswich, Queensland, where his father, an officer in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF), was working at the nearby Amberley Air Force base. Emerson attended schools across Australia and overseas as his family moved with the RAAF. He graduated from high school in Canberra, in the Australian Capital Territory.

Emerson attended the University of Queensland where he graduated in 1985 with a Bachelor of Arts degree with majors in law and journalism and 1987 with a Bachelor of Economics. While at university, he edited the student newspaper Semper Floreat in 1986 and was chairman of the Journalism Students Association. During his studies he resided at St Leo's College.

Early career
Emerson began his media career in 1988 as a cadet journalist with the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) in Brisbane and helped launch Triple J in Queensland in 1990. In 1991 he moved to Sydney to work as a reporter on ABC Radio's current affairs programs, AM, PM and The World Today. He returned to Brisbane in 1992 as the senior Queensland reporter for ABC Radio Current Affairs.
In 1994 he joined the national newspaper The Australian as its Queensland political reporter. In 1998 he was appointed the paper's Queensland Bureau Chief and in 2000 was National Chief of staff for The Australian during the Sydney Olympics.

In 2001 he was awarded a Churchill Fellowship to study political campaigning, including undertaking research at Harvard University and in Washington D.C.

In 2004 he left The Australian to become a director and equity partner in Brisbane-based public and media relations firm Crook Publicity.

In 2009 he contested the seat of Indooroopilly at the Queensland state election for the Liberal National Party of Queensland.

Emerson was co-founder of the St Lucia Community Association and held executive roles on local P&Fs including at Nudgee Junior College and Brisbane Boys College. He was a team manager at Wests Junior Rugby from 2005 to 2007. Emerson was also a volunteer at RSPCA Australia where he worked as a qualified dog trainer at weekends.

Political career
Emerson was elected to the Queensland Parliament at 21 March 2009 state election, representing the seat of Indooroopilly for the Liberal National Party with a two-party-preferred vote of 56 per cent. At the election he defeated Labor's candidate Sarah Warner and the sitting member Ronan Lee from the Queensland Greens, who defected from the Labor in 2008.

On 24 March 2012, Emerson was re-elected as the Member for Indooroopilly for the Liberal National Party, contributing to the party's total of 78, giving the party a majority for the first time in the Parliament, and subsequently forming government.

At the election Emerson achieved a swing of 14 points with a first preference vote of 61% and a two-party preferred vote of 70%, the highest of any candidate in the seat of Indooroopilly's history.

Emerson was appointed as the Transport and Main Roads Minister in the first Newman Ministry. and was sworn in by the Governor on Tuesday 3 April 2012 at Queensland Government House.

On 31 January 2015, Emerson was re-elected as the Member for Indooroopilly for the LNP despite the party narrowly losing the overall election.

After the election, Emerson was appointed the LNP's Shadow Transport Minister in the Queensland Parliament.

A Shadow Cabinet reshuffle on 9 May 2016, saw Emerson appointed as the LNP's Shadow Treasurer and Shadow Minister for Small Business.

At the 2017 State Election, Scott was unable to win re-election for the new seat of  Maiwar which covered a significant part of his former electorate. The seat was won by Michael Berkman from the Queensland Greens who secured a 7.4% swing in his favour.

Post politics
After leaving parliament in 2017 Emerson returned to business consultancy and journalism, writing columns for The Australian and as a contributor on Sky News Australia.

In August 2020 Emerson became the host of The Scott Emerson Drive Show on Brisbane talkback radio station 4BC, saying he was "back to being a poacher from a gamekeeper".

In May 2022, in the week after the 2022 Australian federal election, Emerson’s interview with Labor Party senior frontbencher Tanya Plibersek sparked national headlines when Plibersek likened incoming Coalition leader and former senior Liberal Party minister Peter Dutton to Harry Potter villain Voldemort. Plibersek later apologised to Dutton with Prime Minister Anthony Albanese saying her comments were a mistake.

In July 2022 he was appointed to the new role of political contributor across Nine Entertainment’s national radio network.  He also became a director of national government and media consulting firm GXO Strategies.

Personal life

Described as an avid adventurer, Emerson has trekked the Himalayas including the 5400m Thorong La pass, climbed the 5900m Mount Kilimanjaro and hiked the Kokoda Trail. He has also wing walked on a biplane while it performed aerobatics and, for charity, abseiled Brisbane's 134m AMP tower and swung off the Goodwill Bridge. Emerson regularly competes in open water swimming events and in 2023 swam 3.2km from Alcatraz Island to the shore across San Francisco Bay.

References

External links
Official website

1964 births
Living people
Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly
Liberal National Party of Queensland politicians
Journalists from Queensland
University of Queensland alumni
21st-century Australian politicians


Concentric Tube (or Pipe) Heat Exchangers are used in a variety of industries for purposes such as material processing, food preparation, and air-conditioning. They create a temperature driving force by passing fluid streams of different temperatures parallel to each other, separated by a physical boundary in the form of a pipe. This induces forced convection, transferring heat to/from the product.

Theory

The thermodynamic behaviour of concentric tube heat exchangers can be described by both empirical and numerical analysis. The simplest of these involve the use of correlations to model heat transfer; however, the accuracy of these predictions varies depending on the design. For turbulent, non-viscous fluids the Dittus-Boelter Equation can be used to determine the heat transfer coefficient for both the inner and outer streams; given their diameters and velocities (or flow rates). For conditions where thermal properties vary significantly, such as for large temperature differences, the Seider-Tate Correlation is used. This model takes into consideration the differences between bulk and wall viscosities. Both correlations utilize the Nusselt number and are only valid when the Reynolds number is greater than 10,000. While Dittus-Boelter requires the Prandtl number to be between 0.7 and 160, Seider-Tate applies to values between 0.7 and 16,700.

For calculations involving the outer stream, the equivalent diameter (or mean hydraulic radius) is used in place of the geometric diameter, as the cross-sectional area of the annulus is not circular. Equivalent diameters are also used for irregular shapes such as rectangular and triangular ducts. For concentric tubes, this relationship simplifies to the difference between the diameters of the shell and the outer surface of the inner tube.

After the heat transfer coefficients (h_{i} and h_{o}) are determined, knowing the resistance due to fouling and thermal conductivity of the boundary material (k_{w}), the Overall Heat Transfer coefficient (U_{o}) can be calculated.

The length of heat exchanger required can then be expressed as a function of the rate of heat transfer:

Where A is the surface area available for heat transfer and ∆T is the log mean temperature difference. From these results, the NTU method can be performed to calculate the heat exchanger’s effectiveness.

where

Concentric tube heat exchanger design

The primary advantage of a concentric configuration, as opposed to a plate or shell and tube heat exchanger, is the simplicity of their design. As such, the insides of both surfaces are easy to clean and maintain, making it ideal for fluids that cause fouling. Additionally, their robust build means that they can withstand high pressure operations. They also produce turbulent conditions at low flow rates, increasing the heat transfer coefficient, and hence the rate of heat transfer. There are significant disadvantages however, the two most noticeable being their high cost in proportion to heat transfer area; and the impractical lengths required for high heat duties. They also suffer from comparatively high heat losses via their large, outer shells.

The simplest form is composed of straight sections of tubing encased within the outer shell, however, alternatives such as corrugated or curved tubing conserve space while maximising heat transfer area per unit volume. They can be arranged in series or in parallel depending on the heating requirements. Typically constructed from stainless steel, spacers are inserted to retain concentricity, while the tubes are sealed with O-rings, packing, or welded depending on the operating pressures.

While both co and counter configurations are possible, the countercurrent method is more common. The preference is to pass the hot fluid through the inner tube to reduce heat losses, while the annulus is reserved for the high viscosity stream to limit the pressure drop. Beyond double stream heat exchangers, designs involving triple (or more) streams are common; alternating between hot and cool streams, thus heating/cooling the product from both sides.

See also
Heat transfer
Heat exchanger
Shell and tube heat exchanger
Plate and Frame Heat Exchanger
NTU method

References

External links
Thermodynamics of Heat Exchangers

Heat exchangers


Sébastien Epiney (born 29 August 1967 in Paris) is a Swiss ski mountaineer and long distance runner. Epiney started ski mountaineering in 2001.

Selected results

Ski mountaineering
 2004:
 1st, Patrouille de la Maya A-course, together with Jean-Daniel Masserey and Jean-Yves Rey
 3rd, Trophée des Gastlosen, together with Pius Schuwey
 3rd, World Championship vertical race
 4th, World Championship team race (together with Jean-Yves Rey)
 2005:
 1st, Swiss Championship
 2006:
 5th, World Championship vertical race
 2nd, Trophée des Gastlosen, together with Didier Moret
 2007:
 4th, European Championship vertical race
 2008:
 1st, Swiss Championship
 7th, World Championship vertical race
 2009:
 10th, European Championship vertical race
 2010:
 1st, Zermatt-Rothorn run

Mountain running
 2004: 3rd, Matterhorn run
 2005: 1st, Matterhorn run
 2008: 1st (veterans 1) and course record, Jeizibärg-Lauf, Gampel

External links
 Sébastien Epiney at skimountaineering.com
 Personal website

References

1967 births
Living people
Swiss male ski mountaineers
Swiss male long-distance runners
Swiss mountain runners


Count of Penaguião (in Portuguese Conde de Penaguião) is a Portuguese title of nobility, created by King Philip I of Portugal, on 10 February 1583, for Dom João Rodrigues de Sá.

The noble family of Sá were elevated as Marquises of Fontes in 1659.

By Royal Decree of King John V of Portugal on 24 June 1718, the 3rd Marquis of Fontes, a celebrated military commander and ambassador, received a grant of land from the Crown and was conferred the additional distinguished marquisate of Abrantes; the Letters Patent also granted him the additional ancient arms and name of Almeida and stipulated the countship of Penaguião devolve upon the Marquis' heir apparent de jure.

List of the Counts of Penaguião (1583)
João Rodrigues de Sá (c.1555- ? );
Francisco de Sá de Menezes (1598-1647), his son;
João Rodrigues de Sá e Menezes (1619-1658), his son;
Francisco de Sá e Menezes (c.1640-1677), his son, also 1st Marquis of Fontes;
João Rodrigo de Sá e Menezes, his son;
João Rodrigues de Sá Menezes (1674-1688), his brother, also 2nd Marquis of Fontes;
Rodrigo Anes de Sá Almeida e Menezes (1676-1733), his younger brother, also 3rd Marquis of Fontes, later 1st Marquis of Abrantes;
Joaquim Francisco de Sá Almeida e Menezes (1695-1756), his son, also 2nd Marquis of Abrantes;
Ana Maria Catarina Henriqueta de Lorena (1691-1761), his sister, also 3rd Marchioness and Duchess of Abrantes for life;
Maria Margarida de Lorena (1713-1780), her daughter, also 4th Marchioness and Duchess of Abrantes for life;
José Maria de Lancastre e Távora de Almeida Sá e Menezes (1742-1771), his 2nd cousin, also 6th Count of Vila Nova de Portimão;
Pedro de Lancastre da Silveira de Castelo-Branco Sá e Menezes (1762-1828), his son, also 5th Marquis of Abrantes and 7th Count of Vila Nova de Portimão;
José Maria da Piedade de Lancastre (1784-1827), his son, also 6th Marquis of Abrantes and 8th Count of Vila Nova de Portimão;
Pedro Maria da Piedade de Lancastre Almeida Sá Menezes (1816-1847), his son, also 7th Marquis of Abrantes and 9th Count of Vila Nova de Portimão;
João Maria da Piedade de Lancastre e Távora (1864-1917), his nephew, also 8th Marquis of Abrantes and 11th Count of Vila Nova de Portimão;
José Maria da Piedade de Lancastre e Távora (1887-1961), his son, also 9th Marquis of Abrantes and 12th Count of Vila Nova de Portimão;
Luis Gonzaga de Lancastre e Távora (1937-1993), his son, also 10th Marquis of Abrantes and 13th Count of Vila Nova de Portimão;
José Maria da Piedade de Lancastre e Távora (born 1960), his son, the 11th and present Marquis of Abrantes, also 14th Count of Vila Nova de Portimão.

See also
House of Abrantes
Marquis of Abrantes
Count of Vila Nova de Portimão
List of countships in Portugal

Bibliography
”Nobreza de Portugal e do Brasil" – Vol. III, pages 112/113. Published by Zairol Lda., Lisbon 1989.

Penaguiao
Santa Marta de Penaguião
1583 establishments in Portugal


Tracy Ellen Davis (born 8 December 1962) is an Australian politician.  She was a Liberal National Party member of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland from 2009 to 2017, representing the district of Aspley. She currently serves on the Brisbane City Council as the Councillor for McDowall Ward.

Early life
Davis was born in Nambour, Queensland, but attended primary school at East Hills in New South Wales. She attended high school at Pine Rivers, and in 1982 and became a receptionist. She became a small business owner in 1995.

Politics

Member of parliament
In 2009, Davis defeated Labor MP Bonny Barry to win the seat of Aspley for the Liberal National Party. She had previously contested Aspley in 2006 as a Liberal candidate, as well as Everton in 2004.

Davis was appointed the Shadow Minister for Public Transport following a Langbroek Cabinet shuffle in November 2010. In 2011 she was appointed as Shadow Minister for Disability Services, Mental Health and Child Safety.

Newman Ministry
She served as Minister for Communities, Child Safety and Disabilities in the Newman government.

After the LNP defeat at the 2015 election remained on the front bench as Shadow Minister for Communities, Child Safety and Disability Services under Lawrence Springborg, before moving to Shadow Education portfolio following Tim Nicholls's successful challenge to Springborg.

She lost her seat to Labor candidate Bart Mellish at the 2017 election.

Brisbane City Council
In 2019 Davis became Brisbane City Councillor for McDowall Ward to replace Councillor Norm Wyndham. She successfully contested the Ward at the 2020 Queensland local government elections, winning 59.2% of the primary vote. The McDowall Ward comprises the suburbs of McDowall, Everton Park and parts of Aspley, Bridgeman Downs, Chermside West, Stafford and Stafford Heights.

As of 2022, Davis is the Civic Cabinet Chair of the Environment, Parks and Sustainability Committee and also previously served on the City Standards Committee. She is also a Lord Mayor’s representative for multicultural communities.

References

1962 births
Living people
Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly
Liberal National Party of Queensland politicians
21st-century Australian politicians
21st-century Australian women politicians
Women members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly


Epiney is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Astrid Epiney (born 1965), German-Swiss jurist
Sébastien Epiney (born 1967), Swiss ski mountaineer and long-distance runner
Sven Epiney (born 1972), Swiss television host TV-moderator, radio moderator, and editor


Embedded System Module, or ESM, is a compact computer-on-module (COM) standard. An ESM module typically includes a CPU processor, memory, module-specific I/O interfaces and a number of basic front I/O connectors. They can be plugged on a carrier board or be used as a stand-alone processor card.

If the ESM module is plugged on a carrier, it relies on the standard PCI bus as a board-to-board interface. In this case two connectors create a link to the carrier. While the "J1" connector provides a specified PCI connection, the "J2" connector brings I/O signals from the ESM module to the carrier, which then includes all necessary connectors. The signal assignment of J2 is not fixed but can be completely customized, although there are reserved pins for a 64-bit PCI bus interface. A third connector, "J3", is used for additional I/O signals if the ESM module has no front I/O. The signal assignment of this connector is fixed to support a special set of I/O functions.

A large part of the I/O functions on ESMs are often controlled by an onboard FPGA component (field-programmable gate array) so that every module can easily be tailored to a specialized application through user-defined functions. Such functions are loaded into the FPGA as IP cores. Using FPGAs also reduces dependence on special controller chips which may become obsolete, thus extending the card's availability.

ESMs are typically used on boards for CompactPCI and VMEbus as well as single-board computers for embedded applications. A company standard by MEN Micro, a manufacturer of embedded computers, specifies the ESM concept and the different types of modules. The ESM specification defines one form factor for the printed circuit board: .

Depending on the processor type, most ESM modules have heat sinks and can be operated in wide temperature ranges up to -40 to +85 °C.

A mechanical specialty of ESM modules is that their connectors are compatible with the PCI-104 module standard. These modules can be "stacked" onto ESM modules, e. g., for additional peripheral interfaces.

See also
 Computer-on-module
 Embedded system

References
Schmitz, M. (2005). ESM Embedded System Modules Specification, MEN Mikro Elektronik GmbH. Retrieved on 2015-09-21.

Motherboard form factors


Aidan Patrick McLindon (born 26 February 1980) is an Australian politician. He was first elected for the seat of Beaudesert to the Queensland State Parliament for the Liberal National Party at the 2009 state election. He resigned from that party to become an independent in May 2010, and in June 2010 he established The Queensland Party, which he merged with Katter's Australian Party in August 2011. He lost his seat to the LNP at the 2012 election. Bob Katter appointed McLindon as National Director for the newly created Katter's Australian Party. 18 months later McLindon resigned to spend more time with his family. McLindon established an independent political consultancy, AMac Consultants Pty Ltd, following the 2013 federal election.

Early life and background
McLindon was born in Darwin, Northern Territory, and was a bar attendant and musician before entering politics. He attended school at Springwood State High School where he was elected a prefect.

McLindon gained some publicity in the media for his musical interests, especially his involvement in the alternative rock band KiLLTV.

His military service included roles as an infantry soldier and driver 1997–2002 in the Australian Army.

McLindon cites an early interest in politics at the age of 15 from work experience at Queensland Parliament House in 1995. He later went on to complete a degree in Government and Politics, majoring in Public Policy, at Griffith University. McLindon acknowledged a number of academics and political scientists from the university in his inaugural speech to Queensland Parliament.

Political career
In 1998 McLindon was preselected by the Liberal Party to run for the state seat of Waterford as Australia's youngest politically endorsed candidate at the age of 17 years, where he claims to have doorknocked 17,500 homes. McLindon came third of three candidates, with 24.5% of the vote.

McLindon served as a Logan City councillor 2004–2009, including as Chair of the Environment and Sustainability portfolio. In 2009 he was preselected to succeed Kev Lingard as the Liberal National Party candidate for Beaudesert.

McLindon successfully defended the seat at the 2009 Queensland state election for the LNP against former One Nation leader Pauline Hanson who contested the seat as an independent.

In early 2010, McLindon attracted significant media attention by unsuccessfully challenging Liberal National Party of Queensland (LNP), Lawrence Springborg, for his position in the party at a parliamentary meeting of the LNP.

In May 2010, McLindon and Burnett MP Rob Messenger, who had seconded McLindon's nomination as deputy leader, resigned from the LNP to sit as Independents, claiming that the party had become victim to "flawed political process". McLindon said that the LNP needed to “wake up a bit and start being relevant".

In June 2010, McLindon announced the formation of a new party, The Queensland Party, based on "moderate" ideals. McLindon stated that the party would run in all Queensland seats at the next state election, with the exception of the five seats held by Independent MPs.

In August 2011, McLindon announced the merger of The Queensland Party with Katter's Australian Party. Some members of The Queensland Party opposed the merger but an Electoral Commission of Queensland investigation found that they did not have the required numbers to maintain the separate registration of the party and it was removed from the register of political parties in December 2011. Most Queensland Party candidates were endorsed by Katter's Australian Party. As part of the deal, McLindon became the merged party's Queensland state leader.

McLindon has advocated the removal of poker machines from towns and cities around Queensland to be moved into a new "AusVegas" in the Cairns region. He has also been a vocal advocate for the restoration of the Upper House in Queensland.

McLindon had no political party affiliations from 2013 until 2021, when he joined the Australian Federation Party. On 4 July 2022, he announced his candidacy on behalf of the right-wing Freedom Party for the seat of Mulgrave in Victoria to contest against Daniel Andrews in the state elections. McLindon was unsuccessful, receiving 2.2% of the vote, and failing to unseat the Premier. On 6 September 2023, it was reported that McLindon was attempting to join the Victorian Liberal Party for the second time. This would require a majority of the state assembly to approve.

References

|-

1980 births
Living people
Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly
Liberal National Party of Queensland politicians
Independent members of the Parliament of Queensland
Katter's Australian Party politicians
Griffith University alumni
People from Darwin, Northern Territory
21st-century Australian politicians
20th-century Australian people


Genoa: Le Strade Nuove and the system of the Palazzi dei Rolli is a UNESCO World Heritage Site which includes a number of streets and palaces in the center of Genoa, in Northwestern Italy.

 The Strade Nuove (Italian for "New Streets") are a group of streets built by the Genoese aristocracy during the expansion of the city at a time when the Republic of Genoa was at the height of its financial and seafaring power. These are Via Giuseppe Garibaldi (1558-1583, formerly Strada Maggiore or Strada Nuova) and Via Balbi (1602-1620, formerly Strada Balbi), later followed by Via Cairoli (1778-1786, formerly Strada Nuovissima).
 The Palazzi dei Rolli (Italian for "Palaces of the Lists") are a group of palaces - most of which also date from the late 16th and early 17th centuries - which were associated to a particular system of ‘public lodging’ in private residences, whereby notable guests on State visit to the Republic were hosted in one of these palaces on behalf of the State.

On 13 July 13, 2006, forty-two of the 163 palaces originally included in one the five public list called "Rolli" (Italian for "lists") were selected as a World Heritage Site by the UNESCO special committee meeting in Vilnius (Lithuania). The site includes an ensemble of Renaissance and Baroque palaces along the so-called ‘new streets’ (Strade Nuove), which offer an extraordinary variety of different solutions, achieving universal value in adapting to the particular characteristics of the site and to the requirements of a specific social and economic organization. They also offer an original example of a public network of private residences designated to host state visits.

On January 20, 2007, UNESCO unveiled a plaque in via Garibaldi, the former Strada Nuova, explaining the reasons for inclusion of the Strade Nuove and the system of the Palazzi dei Rolli within the World Heritage Sites:
Some of the Palazzi dei Rolli are used today as public buildings, museums, offices and private residences. Among the palaces open to the public, Palazzo Rosso, Palazzo Bianco and Palazzo Doria Tursi jointly constitute the Strada Nuova Museums located in via Garibaldi.

The Rolli of Genoa
The Rolli di Genovamore precisely, the Rolli degli alloggiamenti pubblici di Genova (Italian for "Lists of the public lodgings of Genoa") were the official lists at the time of the Republic of Genoa of the private palaces and mansions, belonging to the most distinguished Genoese families, whichif chosen through a public lotterywere obliged to host on behalf of the Government the most notable visitors during their State visit to the Republic.

Later, these palaces hosted many famous visitors to Genoa during their Grand Tour, a cultural itinerary around Italy.

Today, Palazzi dei Rolli as a collective name represents the set of the most prestigious palaces of the historical center of Genoa, especially along the so-called Strade Nuove, the "New Streets" built by the Genoese aristocracy at the peak of Genoa's economic power in the 16th and 17th century (Via Giuseppe Garibaldi, formerly Strada Nuova or Via Aurea, Via Cairoli, formerly Strada Nuovissima, and via Balbi, now the home of the University of Genoa).

History
Between the first half of the 16th century and the first half of the 17th century, the Genoese nobility started a careful town planning to transform the existing medieval city and initiate a sizeable urban expansion to the North. The move to expand the antique palaces and to build new sumptuous ones was driven by the extraordinary wealth that came into the city through prosperous financing activities towards several European powers. In particular, the Genoese aristocracy financed the expensive undertakings of the Spanish Crown, such as the mercenary army that Spain kept in Flanders from 1566 to the peace of Westphalia in 1648. The ruling class of Genoa, mixing nobility of blood with new mercantile wealth, sought to underpin their prestige by the construction of grand city palaces and suburban villas of unusual splendor.

The Rollimore precisely, the Rolli degli alloggiamenti pubblici di Genova (Italian for "Lists of the public lodgings of Genoa")were official lists established in 1576 by the Genoese Senatean aristocratic institution which took prominence as a result of the oligarchic reforms of the Prince and Admiral Andrea Doriato determine the palaces available to the Government to ensure that the Republic of Genoa could offer appropriate lodging to the most notable guests who routinely visited the city, such as princes, kings, diplomats or religious authorities. The fact that not one single palace was chosen, but many, was a sign that the authorities of the Republic of Genoa considered the whole city as a "republican royal palace".

The Palazzi dei Rolli were subdivided on the basis of their prestige into three categorieswith size, beauty and importance as main criteriafor selecting whether each palace was suitable to accommodate cardinals, princes and viceroys, feudal lords, ambassadors or governors. Only three palaces ere deemed suitable to accommodate the highest dignitaries, such as Popes, Emperors, Kings and most important Cardinals and Princes: the Palazzo Doria Spinola in Salita Santa Caterina, the Palazzo Grimaldi Doria Tursi in today's via Garibaldi and the Palazzo Lercari Parodi, also in the current Via Garibaldi.

The "Rolli" or "Lists" preserved to this day were five: 1576 (including 52 palaces); 1588 (111); 1599 (150); 1614 (96); and 1664 (95). In total, there were 162 palaces included at least once in one of these official lists.

Quotes

 Bring the letter to Mrs. Mojon, in via Balbi; this is one of the three names of one major street, which is also the most beautiful of Italy (Stendhal, Journal d'un vojage en Italie et en Suisse pendant l'annee 1828, 1828)
 I tried to visit three galleries of famous paintings in via Balbi. As the owners have the good habit of living in the rooms where the paintings are located, one needs to call several times; and often the impatience generated in me by the arrogant refusals of the servants takes away the joy of seeing the paintings. The rich of Genoa live almost always on the third floor to be able to see the sea. The staircases are made of marble, but when - after climbing one hundred of those steps - a servant keeps you waiting for fifteen minutes then says: "His Excellency is still in his room, come back tomorrow", it is allowed to show a bout of ill temper, especially when one needs to leave in the evening (Stendhal, Memoires d'un touriste, 1837)

World Heritage Site
Le Strade Nuove and the system of the Palazzi dei Rolli became a World Heritage Site in 2006. The criteria for this selection were explained by the UNESCO as follows:
 Criterion (ii): The ensemble of the Strade Nuove and the related palaces exhibit an important interchange of values on the development of architecture and town planning in the 16th and 17th centuries. Through the architectural treatises of the time, these examples were publicized making the Strade Nuove and the late-Renaissance palaces of Genoa a significant landmark in the development of Mannerist and Baroque architecture in Europe.
 Criterion (iv): The Strade Nuove in Genoa are an outstanding example of an urban ensemble consisting of aristocratic palaces of high architectural value, which illustrate the economy and politics of the mercantile city of Genoa at the height of its power in the 16th and 17th centuries. The project proposed a new and innovative spirit that characterized the Siglo de los Genoveses (1563 to 1640). In 1576, the Republic of Genoa established a legally based list of Rolli recognizing the most outstanding palaces for official lodging of distinguished guests.

The Palazzi dei Rolli included in the World Heritage Site
These are the forty-two palaces currently included by UNESCO in the World Heritage Site:

The Palazzi dei Rolli not included in the UNESCO list
The following Palazzi dei Rolli are still preserved but, due to partitioning or altered use, have not been included in the UNESCO World Heritage Site:

Rolli Days
In 2009, after the Palazzi dei Rolli were recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Municipality of Genoa started the so-called Rolli Days, dedicated to the free visit of both public and private buildings. Each time a different itinerary is proposed, with art students, architects and professional guides offering guided tours, almost all of them for free.

The Rolli Days happen twice a year, normally during a weekend in May and one in September. An exception to this rule was made to mark the tenth anniversary of UNESCO's recognition in 2016, when three weekends were dedicated to the Rolli Days in April, May and October.

The number of notable buildings open to the public during the Rolli Days has been increasing over time. More recently, also palaces not originally belonging to the Rolli system (as an example, some historical buildings of the University of Genoa), suburban villas and churches have been added to the tour offerings.

Palazzo Grillo seat of the De André Foundation
One of the Rolli palaces - Palazzo Grillo in Piazza delle Vigne - was intended by the property to host the Foundation named after Fabrizio De André, famous songwriter from Genoa.  Given the time required for the restoration of the building, the inauguration of the facility is scheduled for 2019, the tenth anniversary of his death in 2009.

Inside the home, located in the centre of Genoa, will be a café and / or a restaurant, an auditorium, public rooms (classrooms and information) devoted to the study of the Genoese school of singer-songwriters, the top floor of the residence could be a meeting place between guests.

FAI is in the process of completing the rehabilitation and restoration of Villa Saluzzo Bombrini, in the Albaro quarter, known as Il Paradiso and inhabited in his youth by De André.

Images

See also
 Via Garibaldi
 Via Cairoli
 Via Balbi
 Republic of Genoa
 Genoa

References

Bibliography
 Fiorella Caraceni (1992), Una strada rinascimentale: via Garibaldi a Genova, Genova, SAGEP
 Giorgio Doria (1995), Nobiltà e investimenti a Genova in Età moderna, Genova
 Gioconda Pomella (2007), Guida Completa ai Palazzi dei Rolli Genova, Genova, De Ferrari Editore()
 Mauro Quercioli (2008), I Palazzi dei Rolli di Genova, Roma, Libreria dello Stato ()
 Fiorella Caraceni Poleggi (2001), Palazzi Antichi e Moderni di Genova raccolti e disegnati da Pietro Paolo Rubens (1652), Genova, Tormena Editore ()
 Mario Labò (2003), I palazzi di Genova di P.P. Rubens, Genova, Nuova Editrice Genovese

External links
  Official website of the Rolli and Nuove Strade of Genoa - World Heritage Site
 http://www.palazzideirolli.it/ Palazzi dei Rolli di Genova UNESCO World Heritage Site
  Rolli of Genoa
  Insight
   Process of inclusion among World Heritage Sites
 The reasons for granting UNESCO status

Rolli
World Heritage Sites in Italy
Museums in Genoa
Historic house museums in Italy


The Construction Products Association (CPA) is a UK construction industry trade association. It represents and champions manufacturers and suppliers of construction products. As well as representing some of the largest construction product manufacturers in the UK, the CPA also acts as the 'umbrella' trade organisation for dozens of sector and product-specific trade associations, which themselves represent thousands of companies, mostly SMEs and family-run businesses.

History
It was formed on 1 January 2000 as the result of a merger of the National Council of Building Materials Producers and the Association of Construction Products and Suppliers, and officially launched on 1 March 2000.

Function
At its launch, the first CPA President Roy Harrison said:

"The CPA has been formed to act as the focal point for government consultation and its objectives include informing and empowering its membership, complementing the work of sector trade bodies and exerting influence at regional, national and international levels."

The CPA says it "acts as a single voice to promote and campaign for the construction product manufacturers and suppliers in support of this major UK industry." It represents suppliers and manufacturers on the Strategic Forum for Construction, and is a member of Construction Products Europe.

The CPA outlines its functions as focused on three areas: Improving the productivity, profitability, and outcomes of the construction products sector and the wider construction industry; driving the adoption of digital technologies and processes to make for a smarter, more efficient construction industry; and advising government and manufacturers on solutions for lowering emissions and increasing resource efficiency.

Members and structure
The CPA has four membership categories:
Company members  - the CPA's Industry Principals Council, comprising executives from the major company members, meets quarterly to discuss issues relevant to the construction products industry and set policy priorities for the Association on these issues.
Trade association members  -  the Trade Association Council has a similar role, also meeting quarterly.
Affiliate members - which either cannot be members of a Trade Association Member; or are members of a Trade Association Member but wish to have a more prominent, direct membership with the CPA.
Associate members - companies and organisations that do not manufacture or supply construction products but wish to take advantage of the services and support provided by the Association.

The work of the CPA is also supported by various committees covering: technical, economic research, sustainability, and external affairs.

Publications
The CPA publishes numerous economic publications each year covering the construction and product manufacturing industries, with its construction industry output forecasts widely quoted in both industry publications - e.g. Building, Construction News - and mainstream media.

Following the 2017 Grenfell Tower fire and subsequent revelations of malpractice by certain construction product manufacturers and their employees, plus flaws in product testing, the CPA developed a Code for Construction Product Information, published in 2021. However, the CPA was criticised by Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities Michael Gove after its cladding and insulation manufacturer members failed to commit to paying for post-Grenfell safety measures on buildings; Gove accused the CPA of "coming up with excuses to do nothing slowly". CPA chief executive Peter Caplehorn said the government needed to look at a "complex" and "broader picture" and extend liabilities to include contractors and architects. The CPA was not being obstructive, he said; it had undertaken a “significant amount of proactive comment, proactive action", but CPA members had been unable to reach a consensus because of insufficient data on the amount of work required on buildings.

Location
The CPA head office is situated in The Building Centre, on Store Street in Bloomsbury, central London.

See also
 Mineral Products Association
 Construction Industry Council

References

External links
 CPA

Organisations based in the London Borough of Camden
Construction trade groups based in the United Kingdom
Organizations established in 2000


Dianne Elizabeth Farmer (born 12 February 1961) is an Australian politician currently serving as the Minister for Employment and Small Business and Minister for Training and Skills of Queensland. She was first elected for the seat of Bulimba to the Queensland State Parliament for the Labor Party at the 2009 Queensland election but lost her seat at the 2012 election to Aaron Dillaway of the Liberal National Party. Farmer defeated Dillaway at the 2015 election to regain Bulimba for Labor and was re-elected in 2017 and 2020.

Career
Farmer served as the Deputy Speaker of the Legislative assembly from 2015 to 2017, and was appointed Minister for Child Safety, Youth and Women and Minister for the Prevention of Domestic and Family Violence on 12 December 2017 at the start of the Second Palaszczuk Ministry.

Farmer was born in Brisbane, and received a Bachelor of Speech Therapy from the University of Queensland and a Postgraduate Diploma of Administrative Studies from Kedron Park College of Advanced Education. She was a public servant and Labor Party organiser prior to her election.

See also
Second Palaszczuk Ministry
Third Palaszczuk Ministry

References

1961 births
Living people
Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Queensland
21st-century Australian politicians
21st-century Australian women politicians
Women members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly


Michael John Crandon (born 10 December 1953) is an Australian politician.  He was first elected for the seat of Coomera to the Legislative Assembly of Queensland for the Liberal National Party of Queensland at the 2009 Queensland Election.

References

|-

1953 births
Living people
Liberal National Party of Queensland politicians
Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly
English emigrants to Australia
People from the Gold Coast, Queensland
21st-century Australian politicians


David John Davidson (10 May 1875 – 3 November 1952) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Melbourne and South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Originally from Albert Park, Davidson had just three seasons in the VFL but later returned as a boundary umpire. He officiated in 44 matches, most notably the 1905 Grand Final, as well as field umpiring a match in the 1906 season.

References
Holmesby, Russell and Main, Jim (2007). The Encyclopedia of AFL Footballers. 7th ed. Melbourne: Bas Publishing.

External links

1875 births
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (state)
Melbourne Football Club players
Sydney Swans players
Australian Football League umpires
1952 deaths


Andrew Cary Powell (born 15 May 1973) is an Australian politician.  He was first elected for the seat of Glass House to the Queensland Parliament for the Liberal National Party of Queensland at the 2009 Queensland election.

Early life
Powell was born in Melbourne, but moved to Sydney while in primary school and later to Queensland. He received a Bachelor of Science and a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Queensland in 1995, and a Certificate III in Public Administration from the Department of Defence in 1996. He became a public servant with the Commonwealth Department of Defence (1996–2000) before spending a year as a short-term missionary in Fiji and New Zealand. When he returned, he re-entered the public service in the Queensland Department of the Premier and Cabinet (2001–04) and then Child Safety (2005–09).

Political career
In the 2009 Queensland state election, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Queensland for the seat of Glass House, representing the Liberal National Party.

Member of Parliament
As the Shadow Minister for the Environment in 2011, Powell's environmental policies were ranked 'negative' on all four areas assessed by a collection of five environmental interest groups, including Queensland Conservation and the Australian Marine Conservation Society. When sent the initial reports by these groups and asked for feedback, Powell declined to respond.

After retaining his seat with an increased majority at the 2012 Queensland state election, Powell was sworn in as Minister for the Environment and Heritage Protection in the Newman ministry on 3 April 2012.

In 2014 as the environment minister, he advised Australians to boycott the American ice-cream company Ben & Jerry's, saying they had damaged the reputation of the Great Barrier Reef and jeopardised jobs and tourism dollars.

Land clearing, although on a downward trend under the previous Bligh Ministry, increased substantially during Powell's tenure as Environment Minister. Data from the Queensland Government's Statewide Landcover and Trees Study (SLATS) shows a grand total of nearly 1.2 million hectares of land was cleared.

Powell retained his seat in the 2015 Queensland state election, with a 2.5% swing towards him in the 2017 Queensland state election, but lost his ministerial responsibilities as a result of the election of the Palaszczuk Labor Government.

References

1973 births
Living people
Liberal National Party of Queensland politicians
Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly
Australian public servants
University of Queensland alumni
21st-century Australian politicians


William Evans (7 November 1912 – 22 July 1976) was a professional footballer who played for Cardiff City, Tottenham Hotspur, Fulham and represented Wales on six occasions.

Football career
Evans was born  in Waun-Lwyd and joined Spurs from Cardiff in 1931 after spells with Tottenham Juniors, Barnet and Hayward Sports.

Between 1931 and 1936 the outside left played a total of 195 matches and netting 86 goals in all competitions for the White Hart Lane club. The Welshman scored twice on his 'Lilywhites' debut in a 6-2 victory over Swansea City at White Hart Lane in November 1931 in the old Second Division.

Evans joined Fulham in 1937 and ended his football career at Craven Cottage.

Career statistics

International

Wales score listed first, score column indicates score after each Evans goal

References

1912 births
1976 deaths
Footballers from Aberdare
Welsh men's footballers
Wales men's international footballers
English Football League players
Barnet F.C. players
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players
Men's association football forwards


Aurand Harris (1915–1996) is the most produced playwright for young audiences in the United States. Over six decades he wrote more than 50 plays, many of which became classics in the children's play repertory. His play, "Androcles and the Lion", is said to be the single most-produced play in the field, surpassing even "Peter Pan" and "The Wind in the Willows." First staged Off-Broadway in 1963, the play remains Anchorage Press' top seller and it was estimated at the time of his death in 1996 to have been performed on over 30,000 occasions. The plays of Aurand Harris have been produced and applauded in thousands of productions around the world for nearly a half-century. Harris was a prodigious dramatist, writing a newly published play each season. He was a tireless experimenter of forms, themes, and subjects. This modest man of irrepressible imagination and energy carried a vast array of honors and accolades. He was the first recipient of a National Endowment of the Arts Creative Writing Fellowship in Children's Theatre. He received an honorary doctorate from Indiana University and was inducted into the College of Fellows of the American Theatre. He was the first playwright to receive the Medallion of the Children's Theatre Foundation of America.  Aurand Harris died on May 6, 1996, in Manhattan, New York.  He is buried in the family plot in Jamesport, Missouri.

Early life
"James Aurand Harris, the only child of Myrtle Sebastian and Dr. George Dowe Harris, was born on July 4, 1915, in Jamesport, Missouri. His father was a physician; his mother, a graduate of Northwestern University, was trained in theater and speech, and was also an active and well-know director, teacher, and amateur actress who maintained her own studio.  From an early age, Aurand Harris was drawn to things theatrical, no doubt in part due to his mother's influence, but also because of the variety and high quality of the theater with which she surrounded him.

Harris' acting career began at age four when he played a bumblebee in a local musical production; before seven, he had written his first "little dramatic piece." His education was augmented with speech, dance, and musical train.  In high school, he was involved in dramatic and oratorical contests, to the extent that when he graduated, he was named 'the best actor and the best orator in the state of Missouri.'"

Education
In 1936 he obtained Bachelor of Arts from the University Kansas City. In 1939, he obtained a Master of Arts from Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, where he worked with Winifred Ward, a pioneer in children's theatre. Then he made postgraduate studies at Columbia University (1947). In 1991 he obtained his Doctor of Humane Letters (honorary) from Indiana University. Thomas Ehrlich, the 15th President of the Indiana University, presented the honorary degree.

He commenced his teaching career in September 1939 at Horace Mann High School Gary, Indiana, as a studio teacher for dramatics.  He taught there for two years. In September 1941, he served as the Head of the Drama Department at William Woods College, in Fulton, Missouri. In 1946, he relocated to New York City to study writing for the theater. Simultaneously, he commenced a teaching position at Grace Episcopal Church School in Manhattan. He remained in this position for 33 years.

Initially, he was interested in adult theater, but after setbacks in that field, he turned his attention to writing for children, having already written several children's plays in his younger years.

Aurand Harris's first play was Once Upon a Clothesline. The first production of Once Upon a Clothesline was performed by the Campus Players of William Woods College, under the direction of the author, Aurand Harris.Once Upon a Clothesline was a prize-winning play in the Second Annual Seattle Junior Programs Playwriting Contest. This production featured the intermediate group of sixth, seventh and eighth-grade students from the 1951 Seattle Summer Theatre Workshop, performing in the Recital Hall at the Palisades Building in Balboa Park. This play would later go on tour at playgrounds throughout the city. Later, the play was performed on July 27–28, 1951, at the San Diego Junior Theater, directed by Signe Culbertson and assisted by James Sams.

In 1964, Aurand Harris wrote Androcles and the Lion, his best-known work. His play educates the audience about commedia dell'arte while providing entertainment.  The play is funny and joyful, with an essential message about freedom and love. It was translated into ten languages and was, for a time, the most produced play of any American playwright for children. In 1976 he became the first children's playwright to receive a National Endowment for the Arts Creative Writing Fellowship. In 1985 he was inducted into the College of Fellows of the American Theater; the ceremony took place at the Kennedy Center in Washington. In 1988 he directed one of his plays at Shanghai Children's Art Theater. It was the first time a western children's play had been performed for Chinese children.

He also co-edited several anthologies of plays for children and adolescents. They include Short Plays of Theatre Classics, selected and edited by Aurand Harris. New Orleans, Louisiana: Anchorage Press, 1991; Six Plays for Children by Aurand Harris, including, Biography and Play Analyses. Edited by Coleman A. Jennings. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1977; and Plays Children Love: A Treasury of Contemporary and Classic Plays for Children.
Edited by Coleman A. Jennings and Aurand Harris. New York: Doubleday & Co., 1981.

Aurand Harris' obituary ran in the Los Angeles Times and the New York Times.,

Honors and awards

1967: Charlotte B. Chorpenning Playwright Award, American Alliance for Theatre and Education

1976: First Recipient of the National Endowment for the Arts Creative Writing Fellowship in Children's Theatre

1985: Charlotte B. Chorpenning Playwright Award, American Alliance for Theatre and Education (AATE)

1985: Inducted into the College of Fellows of the American Theatre, presented at the Kennedy Center, Washington, D.C.

1991:  Recipient of the Distinguished Play Award, American Alliance for Theatre and Education (AATE), for Monkey Magic: Chinese Story Theatre, by Aurand Harris, published by Anchorage Press

1991: Honorary Doctorate of Letters, Indiana University, Indianapolis, May 12, 1991

1993: Medallion, Children's Theatre Foundation of America (now called the Orlin Corey Medallion)

1993: Recipient of the Distinguished Play Award, American Alliance for Theatre and Education (AATE), for The Pinballs, Adapted by Aurand Harris from the award-winning novel by Betsy Byar, published by Anchorage Press

1996: Recipient of the Distinguished Play Award, American Alliance for Theatre and Education (AATE), for The Prince and the Pauper, Adapted for the Stage by Aurand Harris, published by Anchorage Press

Plays/Works

Once Upon a Clothesline, Row-Peterson & Company, now Samuel French, Inc. (1945).  The premiere performance of Once Upon a Clothesline was presented by the College Players, of William Woods College, Fulton, Missouri, December 1943 and directed by Aurand Harris.

Ladies of the Mop, Baker's Plays, Samuel French, Inc. (1945).

The Moon Makes Three, Samuel French, Inc. (1947).

Madam Ada, Samuel French, Inc. (1948).

Seven League Boots, Baker's Plays (1948).

The Doughnut Hole, Samuel French, Inc. (1948).

Missouri Mural, Unpublished, (1948).

Circus Day:  A Play in Four Scenes, Samuel French, Inc. (1949)

Lo and Behold, Unpublished, (1949).

Junket (No Dogs Allowed), Children's Theatre Press (now Anchorage Press) (1949).
A play adapted by Aurand Harris from the novel by Anne H. White.

Pinocchio and the Indians, Samuel French, Inc. (1950).
A dramatization suggested by Pinocchio in Africa by Cherubini.

And Never Been Kissed, Samuel French, Inc. (1950).
A musical play based on a 1949 novel by Sylvia Dee (pen name for songwriter Josephine Moore Proffitt), which was adapted by Aurand Harris into a comic television drama for the Philco Television Playhouse and stage play the following year.

Young Alec, Unpublished, (1950).

Simple Simon (or Simon Big-Ears), Children's Theatre Press (now Anchorage Press) (1953)
Adapted by Aurand Harris. Premiered in Washington, D.C., in 1952.

We Were Young That Year (A Play), Samuel French, Inc. (1954).

Buffalo Bill, Anchorage Press (1954).
Adapted by Aurand Harris. Premiered in Seattle, Washington, 1953.

Hide and Seek, Unpublished (1955).

The Plain Princess, Anchorage Press, (1955).
Adapted by Aurand Harris from the book by Phyllis McGinley.

The Flying Prince, Anchorage Press (1958).
Based on stories told by Vikramaditya of Ujjain, a Hero of India.

Circus in the Wind (revised edition of Circus Days), Samuel Franch, Inc. (1960)

Pocahontas, Anchorage Press (1961).
Playscript developed from history by Aurand Harris.

The Brave Little Tailor, Anchorage Press  (1961).
A Dramatization by Aurand Harris based on the Brothers Grimm Fairy Tale.

Androcles and the Lion, Anchorage Press (1964)

Rags to Riches, Anchorage Press (1966).
Playscript developed by Aurand Harris from stories by Horatio Alger. Musical score by Glenn Mack.

Pinocchio and the Fire-Eater, McGraw-Hill (1967).  This play premiered on the stage Gary, Indiana Public School, Indiana 1940. Directed by Aurand Harris.

A Doctor In Spite of Himself, Anchorage Press (1968).
Adapted by Aurand Harris from Molière.

Punch and Judy: The Musical, Anchorage Press (1970)

Just So Stories, Anchorage Press, (1971).
Adapted by Aurand Harris from three of Rudyard Kipling's Just So Stories.

Ming Lee and the Magic Tree, Samuel French, Inc (1973)

Peck's Bad Boys, Anchorage Press (1974).
Adapted by Aurand Harris based on stories by George Wilbur Peck. The premiere performance of Peck's Bad Boy was presented by the Harwich Junior Theater, West Harwich, Massachusetts, 24 July 1973 and directed by Aurand Harris.

Star-Spangled Salute: A Patriotic Musical with Traditional American Songs, Anchorage Press (1974). First premiered at the Harwich Junior Theater, West Harwich, Massachusetts, Summer, 1974.

Robin Goodfellow, Anchorage Press (1976).
Adapted from English Folk tales and Shakespeare's "A Midsummer Night's Dream." First produced at the Harwich Junior Theater, West Harwich, Massachusetts, Summer 1975 and directed by Aurand Harris.

Simple Simon, Anchorage Press (1976)

Yankee Doodle Dandies, Anchorage Press (1976).
Three Scenes from Yankee Doodle Dandy.

A Toby Show, Anchorage Press (1978)

Ralph Roister Doister (One-Act Play), Baker's Plays, Samuel French, Inc. (1979).
Adapted by Aurand Harris based on the 16th Century Play by Nicholas Udall.

Edmond Rostand's Cyrano de Bergerac(One-Act Play), Baker's Plays, Samuel French, Inc. (1979).
Adapted and abridged as a one-act play by Aurand Harris based on the novel written by Edmund Rostand.

The Romancers (One-Act Play), Baker's Plays, Samuel French, Inc. (1979)
Adapted and abridged as a one-act play by Aurand Harris based on the work written by Edmund Rostand.

Fashion (A Play in One-Act), Baker's Plays, Samuel French, Inc. (1979)
Adapted and abridged as a one-act play by Aurand Harris based on the novel written by Anna Cora Mowatt.

George Bernard Shaw's Classic Candida: a Pleasant Play (One-Act Play), Baker's Plays, Samuel French, Inc. (1979).
Adapted and abridged as a one-act by Aurand Harris based on the play by George Bernard Shaw.

Arkansaw Bear, Anchorage Press (1980).
The first premiere of the play was March 20–29, 1980, at the University of Texas, Austin.

Treasure Island, Anchorage Press (1983),
Adapted from the novel by Robert Louis Stevenson.

The Magician's Nephew: A Musical for the Young, Dramatic Publishing (1984).
Adapted from the book by C.S. Lewis.

Ride a Blue Horse, Anchorage Press (1986).
From the life and works of James Whitcomb Riley.

Huck Finn's Story, Anchorage Press (1987).
Adapted by Aurand Harris based on selected scenes from Mark Twain's classic, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.

Monkey Magic: Chinese Story Theater, Anchorage Press (1990). Winner of the 1991 AATE Distinguished Play Award.

The Importance of Being Earnest, Anchorage Press (1991).
Adapted by Aurand Harris from the play by Oscar Wilde.

The Tricks of Scipan, Anchorage Press (1991).
Adapted by Aurand Harris from the play by Molière.

She Stoops to Conquer, Anchorage Press, (1991).
Adapted by Aurand Harris from the play by Oliver Goldsmith.

The Pinballs, Anchorage Press (1992).
Adapted by Aurand Harris from the award-winning novel by Betsy Cromer Byars.
Premiere Production: Premiered at Northwestern University Department of Drama. Winner of the 1993 AATE Distinguished Play Award.

Steal Away Home, Anchorage Press (1992).
Adapted by Aurand Harris from the novel by Jane Kristof, music by Carolyn Geer.

The Second Shepherd's Play, Anchorage Press (1993).
Adapted by Aurand Harris based on the medieval play Secunda Pastorum.

Peter Rabbit and Me, Anchorage Press (1994).
A dramatization of Beatrix Potter's beloved The Tale of Peter Rabbit.

The Prince and the Pauper, Anchorage Press (1995).
Playscript adapted by Aurand Harris based on the stories from Mark Twain. Music by Steve Wheaton. Winner of the 1996 AATE Distinguished Play Award.

The Orphan Train, Anchorage Press (1998). Premiered at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois.

A Midsummer Night's Dream, Dramatic Publishing Company.
Adapted by Aurand Harris from the play by William Shakespeare.

Legacy
Aurand Harris' legacy lives on forever through the joy, excitement and magical words created through his children's plays. In addition, he is remembered through the award of grants and fellowships and the Aurand Harris Memorial Playwriting Award.

- Aurand Harris Children's Theatre Grants and Fellowships, Sponsored by the Children's Theatre Foundation of America
Harris generously left all his play royalty revenues to the Children's Theatre Foundation of America. The Aurand Harris Grants and Fellowships "seek to inspire and challenge theatre for young audiences and individual artists, "To develop quality ideas and new opportunities in theatre for young audiences, as well as promote live theatre experience of high integrity for young people throughout the nation by supporting both individual theatre artists seeking to deepen and expand artistic capacities and opportunities through fellowship funding and by supporting theatre for young audience companies seeking to bring engaging live theatre to their respective communities."

- Aurand Harris Memorial Playwrighting Award, New England Theatre Conference
This playwrighting award was created in 1997 by the New England Theatre Conference to honor the late Aurand Harris (1915-1996) for his lifetime dedication to all aspects of professional theatre for young audiences.

References

1915 births
1996 deaths
20th-century American dramatists and playwrights
American male dramatists and playwrights
20th-century American male writers


Marcantonio Flaminio (winter 1497/98 – February 1550), also known as Marcus Antonius Flaminius, was an Italian humanist poet, known for his Neo-Latin works. During his life, he toured the courts and literary centers of Italy. His editing of the popular devotional work, the "Beneficio di Cristo" illustrated a hope that the Catholic Church would move closer to some of the thinking of the Protestant reformers.

Biography
Flaminio grew up in Serravalle, a small village in the Veneto (in the north of Italy). When he was 11, Austria invaded the Veneto, and Marcantonio and his family were forced to flee to his father's native village, Imola, a village south of Bologna. A friendly cardinal gave the family financial support.

In 1514, Flaminio was given the chance to go to Rome to get a broader education. By that time the boy was already "an accomplished scholar, and something of a poet". He was introduced to Pope Leo X, and placed by him under the care of the humanist and poet Raffaele Brandolini. Falconi has suggested that Leo became infatuated with the seventeen-year-old; arranging the best education that could be offered for the time. However, suspicions of Leo's less than honest motives seem to have led to Flaminio's father intervening, and taking the unusual step of declining a certain career in the church as mapped by Leo, in favour of demanding his son return to university at Bologna. That same year, Flaminio also went to Naples, where he met Jacopo Sannazaro. They became close friends, and the latter greatly influenced Flaminio's poetry.

In 1515, Flaminio moved to Bologna, where he dedicated himself to the study of philosophy. His first poems were published that year in a collection consisting of odes, eclogues, epitaphs and Catullan love lyrics. All the poems follow the tradition of Neo-Latin secular verse, taking up the subjects of the famous classical poets (such as Virgil, Ovid, and Catullus). In university, he met new lifelong friends, but after a few years, Bologna begins to bore him.

In 1520, now an adult, he travelled to Padua, to study literature, Aristotelian philosophy, and law, but fell seriously ill with syphilis. He survived, and in the same year, accompanied by his patron Domenico Sauli, he visited Rome to witness the coronation of the new Pope, Clement VII. Rome, by that time, was a place where the plague had free rein, the river Tiber overflowed its banks, and a war was in progress. Maddison says: "…the cardinals had fled, paganism had come into life — an ox was crowned with flowers and sacrificed in the Colosseum…".

In 1524, he met Bishop Giberti of Verona and was taken into his household in 1528, in which he continued to live for the next 14 years. The group of bishops, poets, and scientists within the household were keen to put into practice the ideas of a "reformed church". That year, Flaminio became a member of the Oratorio del Divino Amore, "a group of 60 clerics and laymen who met on Sunday afternoons in the church of Saints Silvestro and Dorotea in Trastevere to discuss theology and to practise spiritual exercises".

From this period on, he became more serious and philosophical. According to Nichols, "He became more and more intensely concerned with religion, devoting himself in particular to the study of the psalms…". He studied Greek, Hebrew and theology and began to read the works of religious reformers.

In 1536, his father died, and Flaminio returned home. When he came back to Rome, he gained the favour of the rich and influential Farnese family, which provided some protection despite his strong and controversial interest in church reform.

In 1538, his health worsened, and he decided to live in Naples. After a year, he visited the Count of Caserta where he remained for over a year. He regained his health and wrote his second book of Lusus Pastorales. During the stay, he became part of several literary circles and notably fell under the influence of the religious group around Juan de Valdes. This group believed that the soul's relation with God was more important than the formal relations with the Church.

In 1541 he moved to Viterbo to form part of Cardinal Reginald Pole's household. Pole was likewise one of the leading figures pushing for reform, and dialogue with the protestant theologians.

In Venice in 1543, the Beneficio di Cristo, "the most popular devotional work in sixteenth-century Italy" was published. The work was heavily influenced by John Calvin's "Institutes" of 1539, and incorporated substantial quotes. It has been described as a "deeply Augustinian work", and stressed throughout man's absolute dependence on Christ for salvation. The first four chapters, in particular, expounded the doctrine of salvation by faith alone (Sola fide). Without faith in God, man is incapable of good works. The book was subsequently condemned by the Inquisition, and Flaminio was thought to have been behind its editing and publication.

In 1545 the Council of Trent was reconvened. Flaminio was offered a secretaryship by the Pope but was forced to decline it (he did so in an elegy to Alessandro Farnese) because of ill health. During this period he did find time to write a poetic paraphrase of several Biblical psalms. In the spring of 1548, he fell seriously ill, suffering from malaria, and died in 1550 in Rome.

During his life, Flaminio was always a purist poet: in his Latin poetry, he referred only to the best classical writers; he specialised in pastoral poems, which were about pure love and nature. This idea also fits with his religious views, which stressed purity and the importance of a personal relationship with God, de-emphasizing the intermediary role of the Church.

Works

In 1515, Flaminio's first collection of poems was published, containing poems in many different genres.

Before his twenties, he also published an edition of a posthumous work of Marullus.

In 1526, he finished his first book (which he started in 1521) of Lusus Pastorales, a collection of bucolic epigrams).

He also wrote an elegy about his syphilis and several other elegies, as well as odes, epigrams, hymns, eclogues and epitaphs (and a large number of letters in various poetic forms to his friends, colleagues and patrons). He paraphrased 32 psalms in prose, and 30 in poetry. He also translated several works from several languages to Latin and Italian. All his Latin poetry has been brought together in a modern collection Carmina, consisting of eight books.

In the last two years of his life he wrote poetic memorials to his friends (about 127 people).

After his death, Flaminio's Carmina Sacra was found and published in 1551. The poems were written in the last few years of his life and are "simple and eloquent religious poems".

References

Sources

The facsimile of the 1543 Venice edition of the Benefit of Christ (il Beneficio di Cristo) can be viewed beginning on p. 104 of The Benefit of Christ's Death, London/Cambridge, 1855

1490s births
1550 deaths
People from the Province of Treviso
Italian poets
Italian male poets
Italian Renaissance humanists
Deaths from malaria
16th-century Italian translators


Caucasology, or Caucasiology refers to the historical and geopolitical studies of the Caucasus region. The branch has more than 150 years history. In 1972, the Caucasiological Center (renamed to International Caucasiological Center in 2000) was founded under the auspices of the Israel President Zalman Shazar.

See also
 Armenian studies
 Kartvelian studies
 Russian studies
 Turkish studies
 Cultural studies
 Area studies

External links
Tsu Institute of Caucasiology
International Caucasological Research Institute
International Caucasology Congress

Humanities
Cultural studies
Area studies
History of the Caucasus


Kyiv Christian Academy (KCA) is an international K-12 school started in 1993 for the purpose of educating missionary children in Kyiv, Ukraine. KCA has an enrollment of 150 children and its graduates are studying at state and private universities and colleges throughout North America and various parts of the world.

Approximately 65% of the students are from The United States of America. Other nationalities represented are Republic of Korea, Ukraine, The Netherlands, Republic of China (Taiwan), Mexico, and more.

KCA is founded upon Evangelical Christian values, and requires staff and families to adhere to its doctrinal statement and student handbook. The school uses American curricula and seeks to provide a supportive and academically challenging educational environment.

KCA athletes compete with other international schools in Kyiv, primarily Pechersk School International and Kyiv International School, as well as other specialized Ukrainian schools, like "Lyceum No. 100."

On February 25, 2005, the Association of Christian Schools International (ACSI) awarded accreditation to Kyiv Christian Academy.

References

Educational institutions established in 1993
Schools in Kyiv
International schools in Ukraine
Christian schools
1993 establishments in Ukraine


Venus Stadium was a multi-use stadium in Bucharest. It was the home ground of Venus Bucharest. It held 15,000 people.

Venus arena was inaugurated in 1931 as a field dedicated only to football. One of the oldest and most truthful leaders of the club, Alexandru Eladescu, sold a forest, private property, to obtain the necessary money to build the stadium. It held five Romanian Cup finals and one Romania match on May 18, 1939, against Latvia finished 4–0. After the communist authorities came to power in Romania the club was dissolved and the arena demolished. It was situated where Parcul Operei is today.

1931 establishments in Romania
FC Steaua București
Defunct football venues in Romania
Demolished buildings and structures in Bucharest
Greater Romania
Sports venues completed in 1931
Sports venues demolished in 1953
1953 disestablishments in Romania


DWSB (89.5 FM), broadcasting as 89.5 Subic Bay Radio, is a radio station owned and operated by the Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority. The station's studio and transmitter are located at Bldg. N, Quezon Street, Subic Bay Freeport Zone, Olongapo.

Overview
Established by the Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority (SBMA) jointly with Philippine Broadcasting Service (PBS-BBS), 89.5 FM Subic Bay Radio is aimed to serve as a medium that will promote Subic Bay Freeport Zone as an investment and tourism haven, and at the same time provide radio services for the community of Subic Bay Freeport Zone and nearby areas.

On 2010, the station's live streaming was in full operation to serve the listeners online here and especially those abroad. Right now it is the only local radio station in Olongapo City and Subic Bay area to have live streaming features operating 24 hours a day.

External links

References

Radio stations in Olongapo
Philippine Broadcasting Service
Radio stations established in 2007