Mehmet Sait Halet Efendi (1761–1822) was an Ottoman diplomat and politician, ambassador to Paris from 1803 to 1806 and later the favourite and Inner Minister of the sultan Mahmud II. He was ambassador to the court of Napoleon I until 1806, and was succeeded in this role by Muhib Efendi, who was ambassador from 1806 to 1811.

In 1819, Halet Efendi brought the attention of Sultan Mahmud II to the power-grabbing activities of Ali Pasha in Ottoman Europe. As Mahmud II sent an army against Ali Pasha, the latter responded by encouraging a rebellion against Ottoman power in Greece. These event led to the catastrophic Greek insurrection in 1821. Considered by the Sultan as contributing to the rebellion, Halet was banished from the court before being assassinated in Konya, present-day Turkey, in November 1822. He was strangled and beheaded.

See also
 Franco-Ottoman alliance

Notes

References
 Inari Karsh, Empires of the Sand: The Struggle for Mastery in the Middle East, 1789-1923, Harvard University Press, 2001
 Agnes Mongan, Miriam Stewart, Fogg Art Museum, David to Corot: French drawings in the Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University Press, 1996

Ambassadors of the Ottoman Empire to France
1761 births
1822 deaths
19th-century people from the Ottoman Empire
19th-century diplomats
Executed people from the Ottoman Empire
19th-century executions by the Ottoman Empire


Manji Sahib Gurudwara (also known as Alamgir Sahib) is located near the village of Alamgir, Ludhiana district, Punjab, India. Guru Gobind Singh, tenth guru of the Sikhs, stayed here for a short while.

Gurdwara gallery

References

Gurdwaras in Punjab, India
Ludhiana district


Herman I was Lord of Lippe from 1158 through 1167.

Lords of Lippe
12th-century German nobility
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing


Bernard II (; 30 April 1224) was Lord of Lippe from 1167 until 1196. He founded the towns of Lippstadt and Lemgo.

Marriage and children
In 1167, Bernard married Heilwig (1150–1196), likely the daughter of Otto, Count of Are-Hochstaden. They had eleven children who survived into adulthood.

Five sons:
 Herman II (117525 Apr 1229)
 Otto II († 28 Jul 1227); Bishop of Utrecht from 1215
 Bernard IV († 14 Apr 1247); Bishop of Paderborn from 1228
 Dietrich († 28 Jul 1227); killed at the Battle of Ane
 Gerhard II (28 August 1258); Archbishop of Bremen from 1219

Six daughters:
 Ethelind, Abess of Bassum from  to
 Gertrud II, Abbess of the Imperial Abbey at Herford from 1217 to 1239
 Kunigunde, Abbess of Freckenhorst from 1219 to
 Adelheid, married Heinrich I of Arnsberg, as a widow she became the Abbess of Elten
 Heilwig (after 1244), married Gottfried II. of Ziegenhain
 Beatrix († 1244), married Heidenrich I. of Lutterberg

Margarethe of Lippe († 1221) is frequently listed as a daughter of Bernard II and an unknown mother. This remains unproven.

External links

1140s births
Year of birth uncertain
1224 deaths
Lords of Lippe
House of Lippe


Leopold Bros. is a family-owned and operated distillery located in Denver, Colorado. They are well known as an independent distillery that floor malts, mills, mashes, and ferments all the grains in their spirits, as well as distills, ages, and bottles their entire portfolio at their one and only distillery in northeast Denver. They currently have the largest traditional floor malting room of any distillery in the United States, where they malt Colorado barley onsite.

Leopold Bros distills over twenty hand-numbered, small-batch products, all made from scratch and natural ingredients, which are distributed in over twenty states, the District of Columbia, and parts of Europe. Among the distinctive methods used by Leopold Bros. is the separate distillation of each botanical used in flavoring its products prior to blending and final distillation. Many have won awards in international competitions.

History

Brothers Scott and Todd Leopold, opened a brewpub on South Main Street at the site of a renovated brake factory in Ann Arbor, Michigan in 1999. Later, operations expanded to include a micro-distillery. Todd Leopold, brew- and still-master for the brewery, after graduating from the Siebel Institute of Technology in Chicago, interned in four German breweries, and went to distilling school in Lexington, Kentucky. Scott Leopold, an environmental engineer, was crucial in the design stages attempting to create as near a zero-pollution factory as possible. The microbrewery operated as an "eco-brewery" using organic hops and barley, and used equipment and procedures designed to reduce wastewater and other waste by-products in the beer-making process.

Leopold Bros. closed its Ann Arbor location in the Spring of 2008, relocating to Denver, where it discontinued brewing and began operating as a micro-distillery alone. To keep up with exploding demand, Leopold Bros. opened a new facility with triple the production capacity of their previous facility, which also includes one of only a few malting floors at a distillery outside of Scotland. Many have won awards in international competitions They received Distillery of the Year award from the American Distilling Institute in 2015.

Spirits
 American Small-Batch Gin: Gold Medal, San Francisco World Spirits Competition
 Leopold's Summer Gin
 Navy Strength American Gin: Gold Medal, Beverage Tasting Institute; Winner, Good Food Awards
 Aperitivo
 Absinthe Verte: Silver Medal, 2008 London International Wine and Spirits Competition; Bronze Medal, 2009 San Francisco World Spirits Competition
 Fernet Leopold - Highland Amaro: Gold Medal, San Francisco World Spirits Competition
 Silver Tree American Small-Batch Vodka: Gold Medal, 2009 San Francisco World Spirits Competition; Silver Medal, 2007 San Francisco World Spirits Competition; Gold Medal, 2006 Beverage Tasting Institute
 Thomas & Leopold Single Barrel Dark Rum Discontinued
 Pisco (Gold Medal, 2009 San Francisco World Spirits Competition) Discontinued

Whiskies
 American Small Batch Whiskey
 Maryland-Style Rye Whiskey
 Rocky Mountain Blackberry Flavored Whiskey
 Rocky Mountain Peach Flavored Whiskey
 New York Apple Flavored Whiskey
 Michigan Cherry Whiskey
 Georgia Peach Flavored Whiskey

Liqueurs
 Rocky Mountain Blackberry: Gold Medal, 2006 Beverage Tasting Institute; Silver Medal, 2009 San Francisco World Spirits Competition
 New York Sour Apple: Gold Medal, 2007 Beverage Tasting Institute
 New England Cranberry: Best in Show, Fruit Liqueurs 2009 San Francisco World Spirits Competition; Gold Medal, 2007 Beverage Tasting Institute;
 French Press-Style American Coffee: Silver Medal, 2007 Beverage Tasting Institute; Silver Medal, 2007 San Francisco World Spirits Competition
 Rocky Mountain Peach: Gold Medal, 2007 Beverage Tasting Institute; Bronze Medal, 2007 San Francisco World Spirits Competition
 Michigan Tart Cherry: Gold Medal, 2007 Beverage Tasting Institute; Bronze Medal, 2009 San Francisco World Spirits Competition
 Three Pins Alpine Herbal: Gold Medal, 2007 Beverage Tasting Institute; Silver Medal, 2007 San Francisco World Spirits Competition; Bronze Medal, 2009 San Francisco World Spirits Competition
 American Orange Liqueur: Gold Medal, Beverage Tasting Institute
 Maraschino Liqueur: Winner, Good Food Awards

See also
 malt house
 Peach Street Distillers

References

Further reading
 Tamarkin, David, "One for the road", Time Out Chicago Issue 156 (February 21–27, 2008)

External links
 Leopold Bros.

Manufacturing companies based in Denver
Distilleries in Colorado
Absinthe
Whiskies of the United States
American vodkas
American rums
Rums
Gins
Cuisine of the Western United States
Family-owned companies of the United States


Herman II, Lord of Lippe (1175 – 25 December 1229) was a ruling Lord of Lippe.

Life
Herman II was born in Lippe (now called Lippstadt), the eldest son of Lord Bernhard II and his wife, Heilwig, a daughter of Count Otto I Heilwig of Are-Hostaden.

He was co-regent with his father, and succeeded him in 1196 as ruler of the House of Lippe.  He was less belligerent than his father and brother, and often tried  to act as intermediary when his neighbours had a dispute.
In the dispute over the German throne in 1198, Herman supported the Guelph side.  He switched sides to support Emperor Frederick II in 1214.

In 1217 or 1218, Herman became administrator in Utrecht, representing his brother Otto II, who was Bishop of Utrecht.  He promoted the cities and gained the post of Vogt of the Monasteries Clarholz and Herzebrock.  His main opponent during this period was Engelbert II of Berg, who was Archbishop of Cologne.  Earlier in his career, Herman had supported Engelbert.

In 1227, Herman II fought in the Battle of Bornhöved against Denmark.  He supported his brother, Archbishop Gerhard II of Bremen against the farmers in Stedingen and fell in battle against them. This brought about a strong reaction from Gerhard, resulting in the Stedinger Crusade.

Marriage and issue
Herman was married to Oda, a daughter of Count Simon I of Tecklenburg and Countess Oda of Berg-Altena.  Among their seven children were:
 Bernard III ( – ), Lord of Lippe
 Simon I ( – 6 June 1277), Bishop of Paderborn
 Otto II ( – 21 June 1259), Bishop of Münster
 Heilwig ( – ), married to Count Adolph IV of Holstein-Kiel
 Ethelind ( – 17 September 1262), married Count Conrad I of Rietberg
 Gertrude ( – 30 September 1244), married Count Louis of Ravensburg-Biesterfeld

References

Lords of Lippe
Lords of Rheda
1175 births
1229 deaths
12th-century German nobility
13th-century German nobility


Piano Sonata in C major may refer to:

 Piano Sonata No. 1 (Brahms)
 Piano Sonata No. 3 (Beethoven)
 Piano Sonata No. 21 (Beethoven)
 Piano Sonata, WoO. 51 (Beethoven)
 Piano Sonata Hob. XVI/15 (Haydn)
 Piano Sonata Hob. XVI/50 (Haydn)
 Piano Sonata No. 1 (Mozart)
 Piano Sonata No. 7 (Mozart)
 Piano Sonata No. 10 (Mozart)
 Piano Sonata No. 16 (Mozart)
 Sonata in C major for piano four-hands, K. 521 (Mozart)
 Piano Sonata in C major, D 279 (Schubert)
 Piano Sonata in C major, D 613 (Schubert)
 Sonata in C major for piano four-hands, D 812 (Schubert)
 Piano Sonata in C major, D 840 (Schubert)
 Piano Sonata No. 5 (Prokofiev)
 Piano Sonata No. 9 (Prokofiev)


Los Pasteles Verdes was a Latin pop group most popular in the 1970s. They originated in Chimbote, Peru, but performed for many years in Mexico.

History
Los Pasteles Verdes was founded by guitarist Víctor Hugo Acuña and keyboardist Cesar Acuña, who are brothers; they had previously played together in The Jeekstones and Los Benkers. In 1973 they formed Los Pasteles Verdes with Singers: Aldo Guibovich, German Laos, drummer Jorge Luis Principe, bassist Miguel Moreno, and percussionist Juan Vásquez. Their first hit, a success across Latin America, was "Angelitos Negros", which preceded the release of their debut Recuerdos de Una Noche. Among their later hits were "Hipocresia" and "Esclavo y Amo".

The group made a significant impact on the Mexican and Mexican-American musical markets in the late 1970s. For part of the 1970s and 1980s they were based out of Mexico. They toured Japan in 2007.

Members
Current
Hugo Acuña
Dubbie Acuña
Richie Acuña
Kike Gamez
Victor Hugo Acuña Jr.

Former
German Laos
Luis Alberto Rios
César Acuña
Tommy Lamas
Tito Cerna
Jorge Luis Príncipe
Miguel Moreno
Juan Vasquez
Adan Zavaleta
Guillermo Araujo
Raul Padilla
Aldo Guibovich
Fernando Arias
Linker Sanchez
Gustavo Mendez

References

External links

Peruvian musical groups
Musical groups established in 1973
1973 establishments in Peru


Karl II von Liechtenstein-Kastelkorn (1623–1695) was a Catholic priest and prince-bishop. In 1655 he was ordained priest in the Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg (a part of today's Austria). Between 1664 and 1695 he served as Prince-Bishop of Olomouc  in the Moravia (a part of today's Czech Republic).  A cultured man who employed in his Kapelle Heinrich Ignaz Franz Biber,  the virtuoso violinist and composer, he was also among other things a collector of music, and maintained close ties with the imperial court in Vienna throughout his career.

In the period of his episcopacy many people were executed for alleged witchcraft, including the dean Christoph Alois Lautner who was sentenced to death and burned alive by the inquisition court in which also the personal secretary of the archbishop Karl was the member.

Sources
 Biographical sketch in "The Hierarchy of the Catholic Church"

1623 births
1695 deaths


Keith Michael Chadwick (born 10 March 1953) is an English former footballer who played as a midfielder. After impressing at non-League Nantwich Town, he joined Third Division side Port Vale via Crewe Alexandra in August 1972. In five years he played 46 games in league and cup, scoring seven goals, before he was forced to retire due to injury. He later coached at Port Vale, H. & R. Johnson, Alsager Town, and Stoke City, and took up a career at Rolls-Royce Motors in August 1977. He worked for the company for 22 years, before he was appointed as Managing Director at Radshape Sheet Metal in March 2005.

Playing career
Chadwick graduated from the Port Vale junior side to join non-League Nantwich Town, before joining league club Crewe Alexandra. He returned to Port Vale as an amateur in August 1972, and finally signed a professional contract with the club in July 1973. He got his first Third Division game in March 1974, and finished 1973–74 with five appearances under manager Roy Sproson.

He was a regular first team player in 1974–75, playing both up front and at the back. He got his first senior goal at London Road on 30 November, helping the "Valiants" to a 2–0 win over Peterborough United. He also scored against Huddersfield Town, Southend United and Charlton Athletic (twice), to finish the campaign with five goals in 23 games.

He scored twice in eighteen appearances in 1975–76, at Gillingham and Sheffield Wednesday; however he began suffering with knee troubles in the spring. Causing him to miss the entirety of the 1976–77 campaign, these problems eventually brought about his retirement in March 1977, aged just 24.

Coaching career
Chadwick was appointed the Port Vale youth coach a month after retirement from the game. He was sacked in September 1978, after choosing to play a big cricket match rather than travel with the youth team to a match. He became the manager of H. & R. Johnson, where he resumed his playing career. After moving on to Alsager Town of the Cheshire League, he was appointed as a coach at Stoke City's School of Excellence.

Post-retirement
After his football career ended, he returned to Rolls-Royce Motors as a sheet metal worker in August 1977, where he stayed until December 1999. In his time at Rolls-Royce he had a number of positions, including: Quality Engineer, Supplier Development Manager, and various roles within the Purchasing Team.

On leaving the company he joined Aston based company Radshape Sheet Metal in June 2000 as Lean Manufacturing consultant, later becoming Sales/Quality Director. In March 2005, he became the Managing Director, . Along with co-director Chris Dickinson he set up the biggest indoor radio controlled superstore in Europe, located in Minworth, Birmingham . In April 2019 he retired after developing the business to a 70 strong workforce with a turnover in excess of £6m per annum

Career statistics

References

External links
 Radshape Sheet Metal Ltd (company website)

Footballers from Newcastle-under-Lyme
English men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Port Vale F.C. players
Nantwich Town F.C. players
Crewe Alexandra F.C. players
English Football League players
English football managers
Association football coaches
Port Vale F.C. non-playing staff
1953 births
Living people
Sheet metal workers


The Cell 2  is a 2009 direct-to-video sequel to the 2000 film The Cell. Directed by Tim Iacofano
and written by Lawerence Silverstein, Alex Barder and Rob Rinow, the movie is similar in themes as the original, about an investigator who must enter the mind of a serial killer.

Plot
Starring Chris Bruno as Sheriff Harris, the movie is about a serial killer calling himself "The Cusp", who murders his victims and then revives them, until they beg to die. His first victim, psychic investigator Maya Casteneda (Tessie Santiago), survives and is bent on revenge. After she is tapped by the FBI, Maya realizes the only way to locate The Cusp is by entering his mind. But if she dies there, she will also die in real life.

Cast
 Tessie Santiago as Maya Casteneda
 Chris Bruno as Sheriff Harris
 Michael Flynn as Kessel
 Bart Johnson as FBI Skylar
 Frank Whaley as Duncan
 Amee Walden as Penelope
 Charles Halford as Deputy Finch
 Paul Kiernan as Coroner

Release
The Cell 2 was released on DVD in the United States on June 16, 2009. It was named one of the worst movies of 2009 by Bloody Disgusting.

References

External links

2009 films
2009 psychological thriller films
2000s science fiction horror films
American science fiction horror films
BDSM in films
Direct-to-video horror films
New Line Cinema direct-to-video films
Direct-to-video sequel films
American serial killer films
Film controversies in Samoa
2000s English-language films
2000s American films


Kozma is a Hungarian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Dominik Kozma (born 1991), Hungarian swimmer
 István Kozma (footballer) (born 1964), Hungarian footballer
 István Kozma (wrestler) (1939–1970), Hungarian wrestler
 Július Kozma (1929–2009), Slovak chess player
 Mihály Kozma (born 1949), Hungarian footballer
 Miklós Kozma (1884−1941), Hungarian politician
 Robert Kozma (politician) (born 1983), Serbian politician, journalist, and a member of the National Assembly
 Robert Kozma (professor), American professor of mathematics at the University of Memphis
 Pete Kozma (born 1988), American baseball player

See also
 Yadegar, Razavi Khorasan, also known as Kozma, village in Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran
 Kosma

Hungarian-language surnames


The Love Has Never Gone: Tribute to Earth, Wind & Fire is a tribute album to the R&B band Earth, Wind & Fire by jazz group the  Lenny White Project which was released in 2004 upon Trauma Records.

Overview
With Kaz Hori as its executive producer, the album was also    co-produced by Dave Burrell and Lenny White altogether.

Track listing
"Evil" 	         (Bailey, White) 	4:51
"Fantasy"  (Barrio, White, White) 	8:46
"Earth, Wind & Fire" 	                            (Scarborough, White) 	7:06
"After the Love Has Gone" 	             (Champlin, Foster, Graydon) 	7:49
"See the Light" 	                           (Bailey, Dunn, Hardy) 	7:11
"Runnin'" 	                                (DelBarrio, Dunn, White) 	5:44
"Spirit" 	                                           (Dunn, White) 	6:23
"Getaway" 	   (Cor, Taylor) 	6:59

Personnel

Steve Boyer -	 Engineer
Dave Burrell	- Producer
Kaz Hori -	 Executive Producer
Bireli Lagrene	- Guitar
Antoine Roney	- Saxophone
Wallace Roney	- Trumpet
Vanessa Rubin	- Vocals
Patrice Rushen - Arranger
Kelvin Sholar	- Arranger
Lenny White - Arranger, Drums, Producer
Scott Young -	Assistant Engineer

References

2004 albums
Lenny White albums
Earth, Wind & Fire tribute albums
Trauma Records albums


In computer science, memory virtualization decouples volatile random access memory (RAM) resources from individual systems in the data centre, and then aggregates those resources into a virtualized memory pool available to any computer in the cluster.  The memory pool is accessed by the operating system or applications running on top of the operating system.  The distributed memory pool can then be utilized as a high-speed cache, a messaging layer, or a large, shared memory resource for a CPU or a GPU application.

Description
Memory virtualization allows networked, and therefore distributed, servers to share a pool of memory to overcome physical memory limitations, a common bottleneck in software performance. With this capability integrated into the network, applications can take advantage of a very large amount of memory to improve overall performance, system utilization, increase memory usage efficiency, and enable new use cases. Software on the memory pool nodes (servers) allows nodes to connect to the memory pool to contribute memory, and store and retrieve data. Management software and the technologies of memory overcommitment manage shared memory, data insertion, eviction and provisioning policies, data assignment to contributing nodes, and handles requests from client nodes. The memory pool may be accessed at the application level or operating system level. At the application level, the pool is accessed through an API or as a networked file system to create a high-speed shared memory cache. At the operating system level, a page cache can utilize the pool as a very large memory resource that is much faster than local or networked storage.

Memory virtualization implementations are distinguished from shared memory systems. Shared memory systems do not permit abstraction of memory resources, thus requiring implementation with a single operating system instance (i.e. not within a clustered application environment).

Memory virtualization is also different from storage based on flash memory such as solid-state drives (SSDs) - SSDs and other similar technologies replace hard-drives (networked or otherwise), while memory virtualization replaces or complements traditional RAM.

Products

 RNA networks Memory Virtualization Platform - A low latency memory pool, implemented as a shared cache and a low latency messaging solution.
 ScaleMP - A platform to combine resources from multiple computers for the purpose of creating a single computing instance.
 Wombat Data Fabric – A memory based messaging fabric for delivery of market data in financial services.
 Oracle Coherence is a Java-based in-memory data-grid product by Oracle
 AppFabric Caching Service is a distributed cache platform for in-memory caches spread across multiple systems, developed by Microsoft.
 IBM Websphere extremeScale is a Java-based distributed cache much like Oracle Coherence
 GigaSpaces XAP is a Java based in-memory computing software platform like Oracle Coherence and VMware Gemfire

Implementations

Application level integration

In this case, applications running on connected computers connect to the memory pool directly through an API or the file system.

Operating System Level Integration

In this case, the operating system connects to the memory pool, and makes pooled memory available to applications.

Background

Memory virtualization technology follows from memory management architectures and virtual memory techniques. In both fields, the path of innovation has moved from tightly coupled relationships between logical and physical resources to more flexible, abstracted relationships where physical resources are allocated as needed.

Virtual memory systems abstract between physical RAM and virtual addresses, assigning virtual memory addresses both to physical RAM and to disk-based storage, expanding addressable memory, but at the cost of speed. NUMA and SMP architectures optimize memory allocation within multi-processor systems. While these technologies dynamically manage memory within individual computers, memory virtualization manages the aggregated memory of multiple networked computers as a single memory pool.

In tandem with memory management innovations, a number of virtualization techniques have arisen to make the best use of available hardware resources. Application virtualization was demonstrated in mainframe systems first. The next wave was storage virtualization, as servers connected to storage systems such as NAS or SAN in addition to, or instead of, on-board hard disk drives. Server virtualization, or Full virtualization, partitions a single physical server into multiple virtual machines, consolidating multiple instances of operating systems onto the same machine for the purpose of efficiency and flexibility. In both storage and server virtualization, the applications are unaware that the resources they are using are virtual rather than physical, so efficiency and flexibility are achieved without application changes. In the same way, memory virtualization allocates the memory of an entire networked cluster of servers among the computers in that cluster.

See also

 Virtual memory - Traditional memory virtualization on a single computer, typically using the translation lookaside buffer (TLB) to translate between virtual and physical memory addresses
 In-memory database - Provides faster and more predictable performance than disk-based databases
 I/O virtualization - Creates virtual network and storage endpoints which allow network and storage data to travel over the same fabrics (XSigo I/O Director)
 Storage virtualization - Abstracts logical storage from physical storage (NAS, SAN, File Systems (NFS, cluster FS), Volume Management, RAID)
 RAM disk - Virtual storage device within a single computer, limited to capacity of local RAM.
 InfiniBand
 10 Gigabit Ethernet
 Distributed shared memory
 Remote direct memory access (RDMA)
 Locality of reference
 Single-system image
 Distributed cache

References

 Oleg Goldshmidt, Virtualization: Advanced Operating Systems

Hardware virtualization

de:Speichervirtualisierung


Raj Mangal Singh Chaudhary is an Indian actor, screenwriter and film director.

Early life and career
Chaudhary was born in Darjeeling, India. After pursuing a career in modelling and earning his degree in software engineering from BMS College of Engineering, he opened his own company in Bangalore. When Chaudhary was defrauded by his business partners he took an opportunity to move to Mumbai in order pursue a new career in acting. Chaudhary was inspired to write his own script after seeing the film Satya with its script written by Anurag Kashyap. Drawing on experiences from his college days, he worked on his script which focused on the practice of ragging, the physical and mental abuse of students in educational institutions. After the film in which he was supposed to appear fell through, Chaudhary took his script to director Kashyap who became his mentor. Kashyap wrote a new screenplay based on Chaudhary's original script for what would eventually become the film Gulaal. In addition to his work on Gulaal, Chaudhury also assisted on the set of Black Friday while playing a minor role and wrote the short story on which No Smoking is based. He appeared in the 2003 film Kuch Naa Kaho which starred Aishwarya Rai and Abhishek Bachchan. He next appeared in Sushil Rajpal's film Antardwand which won the 2007 National Film Award for Best Film on Social Issues and was released in 2010; his upcoming project is the Irffan Khan, Abhay Deol starrer Karmaya.

Filmography

Acting credits

References

External links

Indian male film actors
Living people
People from Darjeeling
Male actors in Hindi cinema
1975 births


The developmental niche is a theoretical framework for understanding and analyzing how culture shapes child development. Developed by Charles M. Super and Sara Harkness.  It is theoretically related to, and shares some origins with, Weisner’s “ecocultural niche,” and Worthman’s “developmental microniche.” See also "evolved developmental niche."

Description

The Super & Harkness developmental niche is explained as a tool for understanding how culture impacts development. This process uses the individual as the main focus of study and expands on the development of the niche. The collective qualities of her/his environment are created by the individual, who is able to make choices based on the available resources. However, these choices stem from cultural structure and the endogenous aspects of individual development or genetics and predisposition.

Two overarching principles reflect the framework’s in cultural anthropology and developmental psychology:
 A child's environment is organized in a non-arbitrary manner as part of a cultural system
 The child’s own disposition, including a particular constellation of attributes, temperament, skills, and potentials, affect the process of development.

The developmental niche is seen as the composite of three interacting subsystems:
 Physical and social settings – who is there, what affordances are provided by the physical space
 Customs and practices of child rearing – inherited and adapted ways of nurturing, entertaining, educating, and protecting the child
 The psychology of the caretakers, particularly parental ethnotheories of child development and parenting, which play a directive role in actual practices.

The three subsystems of the developmental niche - settings, customs, and caretaker psychology - share the common function of mediating the child's developmental experience within the larger culture. Of particular significance for integrating research on these components are three corollaries:

 The three components of the developmental niche operate together with powerful though incomplete coordination as a system. Thus for example in a stable cultural environment, customs of care reflect parental ethnotheories about the child, and they are further supported by the physical and social settings of daily life. In circumstances of rapid social change, or immigration, there will be greater inconsistency among the subsystems, but one can usually see homeostatic processes at work in the context of changing beliefs and practices.
 Each of the three subsystems of the niche is functionally embedded in other aspects of the human ecology in specific and unique ways; in other words, the three subsystems act as the primary channels through which the niche, as an open system, is influenced by outside forces. Any one of the three components may be a primary route of influence. Economic or social change may lead to new settings for children, for example, and historical change in social values or in what “experts” and the public at large recognize as “good parenting” may directly affect parental ethnotheories, thereby activating change in customs and settings of care.
 Each of the three subsystems of the niche is involved in a process of mutual adaptation with the individual child. Thus, the age, gender, temperament, and talents of the individual child influence parents and others in the niche, modulating cultural expectations and opportunities for the child at any given time.

The developmental niche framework makes evident the kind of systematic regularity that culture provides – environmental organization that emphasizes repeatedly or with singular salience the culture’s core “messages.” This quality, called “contemporary redundancy,” is important for the acquisition of skills and values as it offers multiple opportunities for learning the same thing, whether that “thing” is reading, caring for others, the communication of emotions, or the value of “independence.”  The elaboration of themes over the course of developmental time reinforces lessons learned earlier and recasts them in a more adequate format for meeting the challenges of increasing maturity. As an organizer of the environment, culture assures that key meaning systems are elaborated in appropriate ways at different stages of development, and that the learning occurs across behavioral domains and various scales of time.  It is through such cultural thematicity that the environment works its most profound influences on development.

References

Child development


A level spreader is an erosion control device designed to reduce water pollution by mitigating the impact of high-velocity stormwater surface runoff.  It is used both on construction sites and for permanent applications such as drainage for roads and highways. The device reduces the energy level in high-velocity flow by converting it into sheet flow, and disperses the discharged water so that it may be infiltrated into soil.

Level spreaders may be used in conjunction with runoff infiltration devices such as bioretention systems, infiltration basins and percolation trenches.

See also
impervious surface
low impact development
urban runoff

References

Construction
Environmental soil science
Geotechnical structures
Water pollution


The Grady County Schools District is a school district headquartered in Cairo, Georgia, United States. The district serves Grady County.

Schools

Secondary schools
 Cairo High School (Cairo)
 Washington Middle School (Cairo)

K-8 schools
 Shiver Elementary School (unincorporated area)
 Whigham Elementary School (Whigham)

Primary schools
 Eastside Elementary School (Cairo)
 Northside Elementary School (Cairo)
 Southside Elementary School (Cairo)

References

External links

School districts in Georgia (U.S. state)
Schools


The Tulsa City-County Library (TCCL) is the major public library system in Tulsa County, Oklahoma.

Overview
The library system serves those who live, work, go to school in, own land in, or pay property taxes on land in Tulsa County.  There are 24 branches in the system: Bixby, Broken Arrow, Brookside, Central, Charles Page, Collinsville, Glenpool, Hardesty Regional, Herman & Kate Kaiser, Jenks, Judy Z. Kishner, Kendall-Whittier, Martin Regional, Maxwell Park,  Nathan Hale, Owasso, Peggy V. Helmerich, Pratt, Rudisill Regional, Schusterman-Benson, Skiatook, South Broken Arrow, Suburban Acres, and Zarrow Regional.

TCCL’s collection is composed of more than 1.7 million materials, including books, CDs, DVDs (in regular and Blu-ray formats), magazines, audio books, e-books and other formats.  TCCL offers numerous services to the public including public use pcs and Wi-Fi at each library branch, a bookmobile, homebound delivery, the Ruth G. Hardman Adult Literacy Service, meeting rooms, and reference support via telephone, email, instant messaging, text messaging, Facebook, and Twitter.

TCCL also maintains specialized collections in some of its library branches.  The Rudisill Regional Library houses the African-American Resource Center, the Central Library houses the American Indian Resource Center and the Foundation Center, and the Martin Regional Library houses the Hispanic Resource Center.  Martin and Rudisill also both house the Plan4College Center to provide families and students with information about college.

TCCL was named as a “5 Star Library” by the publication “Library Journal” in their “2009 Index of Public Library Service.”

History
Public library service began in Tulsa County in the early 1900s. The first library was located in the basement of the Tulsa County courthouse. A Carnegie Library Grant for $12,500 was issued in 1904. The grant was raised to $42,500 in 1913 and to $55,000 in 1915. The original Carnegie Library in downtown Tulsa was demolished in 1965.

It wasn’t until the 1960s that what is today known as Tulsa City-County Library was born when, on November 14, 1961, an election was held in Tulsa County to approve “the expenditure of $3.8 million to construct a new Central Library and three branches, plus a 1.9-mill annual levy for funding the system.”  Tulsa voters approved “a countywide system to consolidate metropolitan and suburban libraries the following fiscal year” [Thompson, 115].  The Tulsa City-County Library Commission “officially assumed control of the Library System on July 1, 1962, when the 1.9-mill levy went into effect” [Thompson, 119].  “To be absorbed into the consolidated system were the Broken Arrow Library, founded by the Self Culture Club in 1906 but operated by the city since 1929; the Collinsville Library, created by the Comedy of Errors Club in 1913 and converted into a Carnegie library in 1917; a library in Skiatook opened with WPA funds and operated by the City of Skiatook; and Page Memorial Library of Sand Springs” [Thompson, 121].

By 1963, there were 16 libraries operating within the system [Thompson, 125].  In 1975-76, four new libraries were opened while a fifth was completed: The North Regional Library, the Jenks Library, the Pratt Library, the Skiatook Library, and the Martin Regional Library [Thompson, 154-155].  On August 22, 1978, voters approved State Question 507 to enable an increase in the mill levy [Thompson, 157].  A bond passed on May 12, 1998, that allowed TCCL to expand 11 library branches, replace two, and renovate another eight. Today the system consists of a Central Library, four regional libraries, 19 branches, a genealogy center, a bookmobile and homebound delivery service, and a services center.

Mildred Ladner Thompson, a writer and columnist for the Tulsa World, authored a history of the public library, "Tulsa City-County Library: 1912-1991," released in 1991.

In 2014, TCCL began publishing the Tulsa Book Review, an monthly publication distributed around the city and through the branch libraries. Tulsa Book Review is licensed from City Book Review.

The Central Library of the Tulsa City-County Library became one of six libraries in North America to be honored with the 2019 New Landmark Library designation from Library Journal.

Literary awards
The Tulsa Library Trust, a privately funded public foundation, supports the Tulsa City-County Library.  Among other activities, it gives out multiple literary awards.

Peggy V. Helmerich Distinguished Author Award

The Peggy V. Helmerich Distinguished Author Award has been awarded since 1985 to an "internationally acclaimed" author who has "written a distinguished body of work and made a major contribution to the field of literature and letters."  The Helmerich Award consists of a US$40,000 cash prize and an engraved crystal book.

Past winners of the award are:

2017  Richard Ford
2016  Billy Collins
2015  Rick Atkinson
2014  Ann Patchett
2013  Kazuo Ishiguro
2012  Wendell Berry
2011  Alan Furst
2010  Ian McEwan
2009  Geraldine Brooks
2008  Michael Chabon
2007  Thomas Keneally
2006  Mark Helprin
2005  John Grisham
2004  not awarded
2003  Shelby Foote
2002  Joyce Carol Oates
2001  William Kennedy
2000  William Manchester
1999  Margaret Atwood
1998  E. L. Doctorow
1997  John Hope Franklin
1996  Neil Simon
1995  David McCullough
1994  Ray Bradbury
1993  Peter Matthiessen
1992  Norman Mailer
1991  Eudora Welty
1990  John le Carré
1989  Saul Bellow
1988  Toni Morrison
1987  John Updike
1986  Larry McMurtry
1985  Norman Cousins

Anne V. Zarrow Award for Young Readers' Literature
The Anne V. Zarrow Award for Young Readers' Literature has been awarded since 1991 to "nationally acclaimed authors who have made a significant contribution to the field of literature for children and young adults."  The award consists of a US$7,500 cash prize and an engraved crystal book.

Winners of the award are:

2017   Laurie Halse Anderson
2016   Gordon Korman
2015   Sharon Draper
2014   Jack Gantos
2013   Jim Murphy
2012  Jacqueline Woodson
2011  Kathryn Lasky
2010  Phyllis Reynolds Naylor
2009  Christopher Paul Curtis
2008  Louis Sachar
2007  Kate DiCamillo
2006  Sharon Creech
2005  Avi
2004  Susan Cooper
2003  Russell Freedman
2002  Richard Peck
2001  E.L. Konigsburg
2000  Jerry Spinelli
1999  Jane Yolen
1998  Cynthia Voigt
1997  Gary Paulsen
1996  Walter Dean Myers
1995  not awarded
1994  Lois Lowry
1993  Katherine Paterson
1992  Madeleine L’Engle
1991  S.E. Hinton

American Indian Festival of Words Writers Award
Inaugurated in 2001, the American Indian Festival of Words Writers Award recognizes literary contributions of outstanding American Indian authors. It is the first and only award given by a public library to honor an American Indian author. The award is given by the Tulsa Library Trust and Tulsa Library's American Indian Resource Center in odd-numbered years. Recipients receive a US$5,000 cash prize and an engraved crystal.

Winners of the award are:

2017 Tim Tingle
2015 Joseph Bruchac
2013 Sterlin Harjo
2011  LeAnne Howe
2009  not awarded
2007  Carter Revard
2005  Leslie Marmon Silko
2003  Vine Deloria, Jr.
2001  Joy Harjo

American Indian Circle of Honor Award
Inaugurated in 2004, the American Indian Circle of Honor Award honors an American Indian for his/her achievements and contributions that have enriched the lives of others. Induction into the Circle of Honor is a celebration of the honoree’s actions in the face of adversity, commitment to the preservation of American Indian culture and legacy for future generations. The award is given by the Tulsa Library Trust and Tulsa Library's American Indian Resource Center in even-numbered years. Recipients receive a US$5,000 cash prize and specially designed trophy.

Past winners of the award are:

2016  Sam Proctor
2014  Ruthe Blalock Jones
2012  Kirke Kickingbird
2010  Billy Mills
2008  Neal McCaleb
2006  Wilma Mankiller
2004  Charles Chibitty

Sankofa Freedom Award
The Sankofa Freedom Award is presented by the Tulsa Library Trust and Tulsa Library's African-American Resource Center. Sankofa is a word from the Akan language, which is spoken in southern Ghana. Literally translated, sankofa means: “We must go back and reclaim our past so we can move forward; so we understand why and how we came to be who we are today.” The Sankofa Freedom Award consists of a US$7,000 cash prize and an engraved medallion. It is awarded in even-numbered years (usually in February during Black History Month) to a nationally acclaimed individual who has dedicated his or her life to educating improving the greater African-American community.

Past winners of the award are:

2016 Tavis Smiley
2014 Susan L. Taylor
2012 Hill Harper
2010 Pearl Cleage
2008 Nikki Giovanni
2006 Michael Eric Dyson

References

Further reading

External links
Tulsa City-County Library
Articles & databases
AskUs!
Books & Reading
Catalog
Event Guide
Tulsa Library Trust official website
Peggy V. Helmerich Distinguished Author Award official website
Thompson, Mildred Ladner. "Tulsa City-County Library: 1912-1991."  Tulsa: Lion & Thorne Publishing, Ltd.

Libraries in Oklahoma
Education in Tulsa County, Oklahoma
1961 establishments in Oklahoma


Concerto Maximo is a live album by the British progressive rock band Pendragon, released in 2009, recorded in Katowice, on October 13, 2008. It was filmed and edited by Metal Mind. It was released in several versions - a 2 CD release, featuring just the audio from the show, a DVD, featuring the full show, and a DVD and 2 CD special edition, which was limited to 1000 copies.

Track listing
These track lengths are from the CD version of the album. Several of the tracks were shortened or changed; The Walls Of Babylon did not feature the slow introduction, The Wishing Well did not include the first part, "For Your Journey", and The Voyager started from the first riff. A few songs are lengthened, including Nostradamus, in which the band was introduced, and the guitar solo and finale was extended for Masters Of Illusion.

CD 1
 "The Walls Of Babylon" - 5:05
 "A Man Of Nomadic Traits" - 11:32
 "The Wishing Well" - 17:41
 "Eraserhead" - 8:40
 "Total Recall" - 5:56
 "Nostradamus" - 5:31
 "Learning Curve" - 7:19
 "Breaking The Spell" - 8:30
 "Sister Bluebird" - 7:54

CD 2
 "The Shadow" - 9:07
 "The Freak Show" - 4:11
 "The Voyager" - 11:05
 "It's Only Me" - 8:00
 "Masters Of Illusion" - 12:45
 "The King Of The Castle" - 4:53
 "And We'll Go Hunting Deer" - 5:11
 "Queen Of Hearts" - 19:55

Pendragon (band) albums
2009 live albums
2009 video albums
Live video albums


Ulrich Hommel is the Professor of Corporate Finance and Higher Education Finance at EBS University of Business & Law in Wiesbaden, Germany. He is furthermore Founder and Managing Director of XOLAS GmbH in Berlin, Germany, a globally active consultancy company targeting providers of management education (schools/faculties of business/management) as clients.

Academic qualifications
Ulrich Hommel studied economics and political science at the University of Freiburg, Germany.  After completing the Bachelor-level exams, he entered the Ph.D. program in economics at The University of Michigan (Ann Arbor) from which he graduated in 1994. In 2002, he successfully completed his post-doctoral qualification in business administration at the  WHU – Otto Beisheim School of Management and was awarded a Dr. habil.

Academic career
After completing his doctoral studies, Hommel joined the WHU faculty as an assistant finance professor in 1994. In 2000, he moved on to the European Business School International University, Schloss Reichartshausen), now called EBS University of Business and Law,  first as acting professor and then, in 2002, as full professor. During his tenure, he has held visiting appointments at Bordeaux École de Management, Krannert School of Management of Purdue University (delivering courses at their satellite campus in Hannover, Germany), the Stephen M. Ross School of Business of The University of Michigan and Stockholm Business School of Stockholm University.

Hommel's research focuses on the economic value of flexibility (e.g. real options), risk management, resilience and crisis management, corporate restructuring, and alternative financing (private equity, venture capital). He has published widely in leading academic journals and other academic and practice-oriented media.

Professional career
Hommel served as dean of the EBS from 2000 to 2002. In this role, he was the university's academic head and the faculty's head. He managed a major reform of the university's flagship program during his tenure. He implemented various initiatives advancing its internatilization including a significant expansion of international partners and adoption of dual degree offerings. Hommel became the rector of EBS in 2003 and stayed in this role until 2006. He oversaw a significant expansion of the university's faculty accompanied by further internationalization and establishing academic research as a core institutional value. During his tenure, EBS became the first university-level institution in Germany to implement the Bologna Accord which involved the switch-over from the German diploma to Bachelor & Master qualifications and the adoption of the ECTS system. While rector, he also served as Managing Director of the EBS gGmbH, the not-for-profit limited liability company owning EBS University.

Hommel joined EFMD Global Network (then called the European Foundation of Management Development) in 2007 as Associate Director of Quality Services. In this role, he was instrumental in establishing the EFMD Program Accreditation System (EPAS) which has since evolved into the EFMD Accredited system. During his tenure at EFMD until 2019, Hommel served as Director of Research & Surveys, Director of Business School Development and Director of Quality Services.

In 2020, Hommel co-founded XOLAS GmbH, a consultancy company focused on strategy and accreditation advisory for business schools and other higher education organizations.

External links
 XOLAS Company Website
 Faculty Page, EBS University
 Personal Website

University of Michigan alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people


Euomphalidae is an extinct family of Paleozoic to early Mesozoic marine molluscs which may be gastropods with anisostrophically coiled shells (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
The shells show a selenizone.

Genera
Genera in the family Euomphalidae include:

 Acanthonema
 Alaionema
 Amphiscapha
 Anisostoma
 Araeonema - synonym: Palaeoturbina
 Austerum
 Bicarina
 Biformispira
 Centrifugus - synonym: Hisingeria
 Coelodiscus C.-C.Jao, 1941 (unaccepted)
 Cylicioscapha
 Discotropis
 Eleutherospira
 Elkoceras
 Euomphalopsis
 Euomphalus J. de C. Sowerby, 1814 - type genus - synonyms: Phymatifer, Schizostoma, Paromphalus.
 Fletcherviewia
 Goldfussoceras
 Hippocampoides
 Kiaeromphalus
 Leptomphalus
 Linsleyella
 Nevadaspira
 Nodeuomphalus
 Novakopteron
 Nummocalcar
 Odontomaria
 Offleyotrochus
 Phanerotinus
 Planotectus
 Platybasis
 Pleuronotus
 Poleumita - synonyms: Polytropina, Polytropis.
 Rhabdotocochlis
 Saturnotropis
 Sinistrispira
 Sinutropis
 Spinicharybdiinae
 Straparollus
 Stusakia
 Tychobrahea
 Weeksia
 Woehrmannia

References

 Bouchet P., Rocroi J.P., Hausdorf B., Kaim A., Kano Y., Nützel A., Parkhaev P., Schrödl M. & Strong E.E. (2017). Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia. 61(1-2): 1–526.

External links
 Linsley R.M. & Yochelson E.L. 1973. Devonian Carrier Shells (Euomphalidae) from North America and Germany. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 824: 1-26, pl. 1-6.

External links


Jacqueline Reem Salloum is a Palestinian/Syrian American artist and filmmaker. She received her MFA from New York University. Her work has been featured at Sundance Film Festival. She is the director and editor of the award-winning film, Slingshot Hip Hop, the first feature-length documentary about the Palestinian Hip Hop scene which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival. Salloum directed and edited Planet of the Arabs, an experimental short on Hollywood’s negative depiction of Arabs and Muslims through the decades. Inspired by Dr. Jack Shaheen’s book, Reel Bad Arabs, the award winning short film was an official selection at the Sundance Film Festival and has also been exhibited in art galleries and museums globally and used in classrooms as an educational tool on stereotypes in the media. In 2017 Salloum was an Artist in Residence at New York University and taught the class, Memory Metamorphosis. Salloum’s art and video work have been exhibited in the US and internationally including, Mori Art Museum, Japan; Reina Sofia, Spain; Museum of Contemporary Art Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Contemporary Arts, London; Palazzo delle Papesse Centre for Contemporary Art, Sienna, Italy, Wallspace Gallery, New York and Void Gallery, Ireland as well as film festivals; IDFA, New Directors New Films, Tiff kids, DoxBox Syria and Beirut International Film Festival.

External links
 Jacqueline Reem Salloum

 Jackie Salloum at "Dreams of a nation", Columbia University.

Living people
American people of Palestinian descent
Palestinian film directors
Palestinian women film directors
American film directors
American women film directors
Syrian artists
Palestinian women artists
Syrian women artists
Palestinian contemporary artists
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American women


Luis Enrique Ferrer García is a Cuban dissident.

He was arrested during the Black Spring in 2003 and received a 28-year sentence for his work with the Varela project, a civic initiative calling for democratic reforms in Cuba.

Upon leaving the courtroom, a member of the mob struck Luis Enrique Ferrer García with a hammer, and his mother and sister were violently thrown to the ground.

To protest his unjust imprisonment, especially severe prison conditions and mistreatment by prison authorities, Ferrer García has engaged in numerous hunger strikes throughout his detention, often leaving him very ill and weak. He was the victim of numerous physical assaults by security guards and violent prisoners. According to Human Rights First, attacks are believed to be encouraged by prison authorities to harass and intimidate him.

Ferrer Garcia was freed in November 2010 and exiled with his family.

Garcia is the official representative of the Cuban Patriotic Union UNPACU outside of Cuba, the same organization that Wilmar Villar Mendoza belonged to. His brother, Jose Daniel Ferrer Garcia is the founder and official representative of UNPACU inside the island.

He spoke at the Geneva Summit for Human Rights and Democracy in March 2011 on the subject of "The Right Against Arbitrary Arrest".

References

External links
 Luis Enrique Ferrer García writings
 Profile at Payolibre.com

Living people
Cuban dissidents
Cuban democracy activists
Year of birth missing (living people)


This page shows the results of the Bowling Competition for men and women at the 1999 Pan American Games, held from July 23 to August 8, 1999 in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. The event was included for the fourth time at the Pan American Games.

Having been held at the Games as a demonstration sport in 1983, the sport was given full status by the Pan American Sports Organization Council in 1986.

Men's competition

Singles

Team

Women's competition

Singles

Team

Medal table

References
 Sports 123
 bowlingdigital

1999
Events at the 1999 Pan American Games
1999 in bowling


This is a partial discography of Parsifal, an opera in three acts by Richard Wagner.

Parsifal was expressly composed for the stage at Bayreuth
and many of the most famous recordings of the opera come from live performances on that stage. In the pre-LP era, Karl Muck conducted excerpts from the opera at Bayreuth which are still considered some of the best performances of the opera on disc (they also contain the only sound evidence of the bells constructed for the work's premiere, which were later melted down by the Nazis during World War II). Hans Knappertsbusch was the conductor most closely associated with Parsifal at Bayreuth in the post-war years, and the performances under his baton in 1951 marked the re-opening of the Bayreuth Festival after the Second World War. These historic performances were recorded in mono sound, originally issued but now no longer available on the Teldec label, and reissued in 2003 on Naxos Historical. Knappertsbusch recorded the opera again for Philips in 1962 in stereo, and this release is often considered to be the classic Parsifal recording.
There are also many "unofficial" live recordings from Bayreuth, capturing virtually every Parsifal cast ever conducted by Knappertsbusch.

Amongst the studio recordings, those by Georg Solti, Herbert von Karajan and Daniel Barenboim (the latter two both conducting the Berlin Philharmonic) have been widely praised. The von Karajan recording was voted "Record of the Year" in the 1981 Gramophone Awards. Also highly regarded is a recording of Parsifal under the baton of Rafael Kubelík. Originally recorded for Deutsche Grammophon but never released, it is now available on the Arts Archives label.

On the Saturday 14 December 2013 broadcast of BBC 3'S CD Review – Building a Library, music critic David Nice surveyed recordings of Parsifal and recommended the 1980 recording by the Symphonieorchester des Bayerischen Rundfunks, Rafael Kubelik (conductor), as the best available choice.

Audio recordings

Video recordings
This is a partial filmography of Parsifal (1882), an opera in three acts by Richard Wagner. In addition to the productions of the complete opera listed below, there is a 1998 documentary directed by Tony Palmer, titled: Parsifal – The Search for the Grail. It was recorded in various European theaters, including: the Mariinsky Theatre, the Ravello Festival, Siena, and the Bayreuth Festival. It contains extracts from Mr. Palmer's stage production of Parsifal starring Plácido Domingo, Violeta Urmana, Matti Salminen, Nikolai Putilin and Anna Netrebko. It includes interviews with Domingo, Wolfgang Wagner, Robert Gutman and Karen Armstrong. The film exists in two versions: (1) a complete version running 116 minutes and officially approved by Domingo, and (2) an 88-minute version, cut as a result of being censored in Germany as being too "political", "uncomfortable" and "irrelevant".

References
Notes

Sources
 Brown, Jonathan (1992). Parsifal on Record : a discography of complete recordings, selections, and excerpts of Wagner's music drama (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press).
 Recordings of Parsifal, wagnerdisco.net

Opera discographies
Discography


Gary Russell (born 1963) is a British writer and former child actor.

Gary Russell may also refer to:

Gary Russell Jr. (born 1988), American professional boxer
Gary Allen Russell (born 1993), American amateur boxer, brother of Gary Russell, Jr.
Gary Antuanne Russell (born 1996), American amateur boxer, brother of Gary Russell, Jr. and Gary Allen Russell
Gary Russell (American football) (born 1986), American football running back

See also
Russell Gary (1959–2019), American football defensive back


Albert Edward Fishwick (1899–1961) was an English footballer. He scored 61 goals in 188 league games in a ten-year career in the Football League, playing for Plymouth Argyle, Blackpool, Port Vale, and Tranmere Rovers. He helped Vale to the Third Division North title in 1929–30.

Career
Fishwick played for Leyland, Hamilton Central and Chorley (in two spells), before joining Plymouth Argyle. He made his debut in the Third Division South, in a 1–0 defeat at Northampton Town on 10 November 1923. He signed with Blackpool in 1925. He made his debut for Frank Buckley's team on 24 October, in a 4–0 victory over Wolves at Bloomfield Road. He scored his first (two) goals for the club in the next game – a 4–3 win at South Shields on 31 October. He went on to make a total of 28 league appearances in the 1925–26 campaign. He finished as the team's top scorer, with nineteen goals to his name, helping the "Seasiders" to a sixth-placed finish in the Second Division. The following season, 1926–27, Fishwick made 25 league appearances, scoring thirteen goals in the process, including a hat-trick in the third league game of the season – a 6–1 win at home to Barnsley.

After making six league appearances for Blackpool during the 1927–28 season, Fishwick joined Port Vale in March 1928. His first game was a Potteries derby match on 17 March 1928, which finished goalless. He enjoyed regular football for the rest of the season, scoring once in nine Second Division games. He hit six goals in 15 appearances in 1928–29, as the "Valiants" were relegated into the Third Division North. They came straight back up as champions in 1929–30, with Fishwick scoring four goals in five games. He hit four goals in 12 games in 1930–31, all coming within the space of three games. He was sold to Tranmere Rovers in March 1931 and later returned to his hometown club Chorley. Rovers finished fourth in the Third Division North in 1931–32 and 11th in 1932–33.

Career statistics
Source:

Honours
Port Vale
Football League Third Division North: 1929–30

References
Specific

General

1899 births
1961 deaths
Footballers from Chorley
English men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Chorley F.C. players
Plymouth Argyle F.C. players
Blackpool F.C. players
Port Vale F.C. players
Tranmere Rovers F.C. players
English Football League players


The 1992 Catalan regional election was held on Sunday, 15 March 1992, to elect the 4th Parliament of the autonomous community of Catalonia. All 135 seats in the Parliament were up for election.

Overview

Electoral system
The Parliament of Catalonia was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of Catalonia, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution of 1978 and the regional Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a regional president.

Transitory Provision Fourth of the Statute established a specific electoral procedure for elections to the Parliament of Catalonia, of application for as long as a specific law regulating the procedures for regional elections was not approved, to be supplemented by the provisions within the Organic Law of General Electoral Regime. Voting for the Parliament was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age, registered in Catalonia and in full enjoyment of their political rights. The 135 members of the Parliament of Catalonia were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of Barcelona, Girona, Lleida and Tarragona, with each being allocated a fixed number of seats.

The use of the D'Hondt method might result in a higher effective threshold, depending on the district magnitude.

Election date
The term of the Parliament of Catalonia expired four years after the date of its previous election, unless it was dissolved earlier. The regional president was required to call an election fifteen days prior to the date of expiry of parliament, with election day taking place within sixty days after the call. The previous election was held on 29 May 1988, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 29 May 1992. The election was required to be called no later than 5 May 1992, with it taking place on the sixtieth day from the call, setting the latest possible election date for the Parliament on Monday, 13 July 1992.

The president had the prerogative to dissolve the Parliament of Catalonia and call a snap election, provided that no motion of no confidence was in process and that dissolution did not occur before one year had elapsed since a previous one under this procedure. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a regional president within a two-month period from the first ballot, the Parliament was to be automatically dissolved and a fresh election called.

Parties and candidates
The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.

Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:

Opinion polls
The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 68 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Parliament of Catalonia.

Results

Overall

Distribution by constituency

Aftermath

Notes

References
Opinion poll sources

Other

Catalonia
Regional elections in Catalonia
1992 in Catalonia
March 1992 events in Europe


All phone numbers in Morocco are 9 digits in length (excluding the leading 0).

Morocco uses a closed numbering plan, i.e. the prefix is not omitted for local calls. This is necessary because the same geographic area can be served by several prefixes. Casablanca, for instance, has 10 prefixes.

Fixed and mobile prefixes belong exclusively to one phone company. On the following list, fixed networks are indicated by the following letters:
I = Maroc Telecom (fixed), O = Orange Maroc (NGN), W = INWI (Maroc Connect) (fixed NGN), X = INWI (Maroc Connect) (fixed GSM(?))

List
The disputed territory of Western Sahara de facto uses the ranges owned by Morocco. The ranges in Western Sahara are +212 5288-XXXXX, and +212 5289-XXXXX.

History

1990 - Transition to 6-digit numbers
In 1990, 6-digit phone numbers were introduced.

199x - Transition from 6-digit to 7-digit numbers

2000 - Transition from 7-digit to 8-digit numbers
On 2000-10-13 at 23:00 UTC, the numbering area in Morocco was split into 5 parts by adding another digit to all area codes in Morocco.

2006 - Merger of 04 into 02 and 05 into 03
Six years later (2006-03-24 23:00 UTC), part of this split was reverted in order to make room for cellular networks. The 04 numbering area was merged into 02 and 05 was merged into 03, which caused 02 to cover the South while 03 covered the North. This could be done easily because there were no conflicts.

2009 - Transition from 8-digit to 9-digit numbers
On 2009-03-07 at 02:00 UTC, phone numbers in Morocco got another additional digit. A 5 was prepended to all fixed numbers while a 6 was prepended to mobile numbers. The 08 numbers became 080 and 09 became 089.

External links
 Liste des préfixes des opérateurs de téléphonie Mobile et Fixe au Maroc
 Official Numbering Plan of Morocco (incomplete)
 World Telephone numbering Guide (outdated)
 Plan de numérotation - Agence National de Règlemantation des Télécommunications (French and Arabic)

 ITU allocations list

Morocco
Telecommunications in Morocco
Telephone numbers


Tom Fogerty is Tom Fogerty's first solo album.

Track listing

All songs written by Tom Fogerty.

 "The Legend of Alcatraz" – 2:35
 "Lady of Fatima" – 4:27
 "Beauty is Under the Skin" – 2:29
 "Wondering" – 2:31
 "My Pretty Baby" – 2:24
 "Train to Nowhere" – 3:39
 "Everyman" – 2:11
 "The Me Song" – 2:26
 "Cast the First Stone" – 2:11
 "Here Stands the Clown" – 2:52

Personnel

 Tom Fogerty – guitar, harmonica, vocals
 Rodger Collins – vocals ("Train to Nowhere")
 Russ Gary – guitar
 John Kahn – bass
 Billy Mundi – percussion
 Merl Saunders – keyboards, vocals
 Bill Vitt – drums, congas

Charts

Singles

References

External links
[ Tom Fogerty (album) in allmusic.com]

1972 debut albums
Tom Fogerty albums
Fantasy Records albums


Andreas "Kempfi" Kempf (born 4 June 1967) is a German curler from Munich. He currently plays lead for the German national team, skipped by Andy Kapp.

Kempf originally played lead for the Roland Jentsch rink, but moved to the Kapp rink in 2005. He shared the lead duties with Holger Höhne, on this five-player team. He won a bronze medal at the 2005 Ford World Men's Curling Championship and a silver at the 2007 Ford World Men's Curling Championship. For the 2008-09 season, the team reverted to a four-player team. Kempf would be the odd man out for the 2008 European Curling Championships, which he went to as an alternate, but did not play any games. Third Uli Kapp did not go to the 2009 Ford World Men's Curling Championship, so Kempf was promoted to the team's lead.

References

External links

1967 births
Living people
German male curlers
Olympic curlers for Germany
Curlers at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Curlers at the 2010 Winter Olympics
21st-century German people


Deema Shehabi () (born 1970) is a Palestinian poet and writer. She has widely published in journals and wrote her first book of poetry in 2011. It was followed by an anthology which she co-edited in 2012 in response to the bombing of Baghdad's historic literary district and in 2014 a collaboration with another exiled poet of a collection of renga-style poems.

Biography
Shehabi was born in Kuwait in 1970. She is of Palestinian heritage; her mother was from Gaza and her father from Jerusalem. She attended The American School of Kuwait, with other Palestinian exiles. The Kuwait of her childhood was a haven for freedom, education, work and a place where she learned to be proud of her Palestinian culture. In 1988, she came to the United States to attend Tufts University and attained a BA in history and international relations. She earned a Master's in 1993 in journalism from Boston University.

She is the vice president of Radius of Arab-American Writers, Inc. (RAWI), and has sponsored national events annually since 2009 to bring artists together.<ref name="Hausman (2014)">{{cite news|last1=Hausman|first1=Jessie|title=New beginnings: RAWI's 5th national gathering with Mizna, the Minnesota-based arts organization with publishes which publishes the journal Mizna: Prose, Poetry, and Art Exploring Arab America. |url=http://www.tcdailyplanet.net/news/2014/09/21/new-beginnings-rawis-5th-national-gathering-mizna|access-date=18 April 2015|publisher=Twin Cities Daily Planet|date=21 September 2014|location=Minneapolis, Minnesota}}</ref>

Shehabi has published poems in many journals including Contemporary Arab-American Poetry, Crab Orchard, DMQ Review, Drunken Boat, The Kenyon Review,  Literary Imagination, Poetry London and The Poetry of Arab Women among others and was nominated for a Pushcart prize four times. Her work has been translated into Arabic, Persian, and French. Her first book, Thirteen Departures from the Moon, was published in 2011 and through poetry discussed the feeling of being trapped between two worlds. A special section of American Book Review in its November–December 2012 issue reviewed Arab American literature. Shehabi was one of the authors whose works were reviewed in-depth and was mentioned elsewhere in the issue as masterful in her use of ghazal.

In response to the 2007 bombing in Baghdad's Al-Mutanabbi Street, the historic literary district, Shehabi and Beau Beausoleil edited an anthology in 2012 called Al-Mutanabbi Street Starts Here of people's responses to the bombing. Contributors include Yassin Alsalman and Pulitzer prize-winning journalist Anthony Shadid; Rijin Sahakian, U.S.-based Iraqi television producer and Nazik Al-Malaika as part of the 100 participants.
The book won the 2013 Recognition Award from the Northern California Book Awards presented 19 May 2013 at the San Francisco Public Library. Rebecca Foust, Dartmouth Poet in Residence at the Frost Place, praised the editing of alternating prose and poetry as creating a coherent rhythm and a powerful reminder that what happened on Al-Mutanabbi Street could happen anywhere.

Her most recent publication is a collaboration with a Jewish-American poet, Marilyn Hacker, written in the style of a Japanese renga, a form of alternating call and answer. The book, Diaspo/renga: a collaboration in alternating renga explores the emotional journey of living in exile. The collaboration began in 2009 as an exchange of poems expressing thoughts on the 2008-2009 Gaza hostilities. It is an interweaving of dialogue on the conflict, which explores the inability to be apathetic, as war remains in the mind as the background of even mundane daily tasks.

Selected works
Shehabi, Deema. "Requiem for Arrival", Mississippi Review, Volume 32 No. 3 (2004), pp 263–264
Shehabi, Deema. "At the Dome of the Rock", Mississippi Review, Volume 32 No. 3 (2004), p 262
Shehabi, Deema. "The Narrative", The Kenyon Review, Volume 30 No. 1 (2008), pp 115–117
Shehabi, Deema. "Helwa's Stories", The Massachusetts Review, Volume 50 No. 1–2 (April 2009), pp 144–147
Shehabi, Deema. "Ghazal", Callaloo, Volume 32 No. 4 (December 2009), p 1161
Shehabi, Deema. Thirteen departures from the moon: poems, Press 53, Winston-Salem, NC (2011) ()
Beausoleil, Beau and Deema Shehabi, eds. Al-Mutanabbi Street Starts Here: Poets and Writers Respond to the March 5th, 2007, Bombing of Baghdad's "Street of the Booksellers", PM Press, Oakland, CA (2012) ()
Hacker, Marilyn and Deema K Shehabi. Diaspo/renga: a collaboration in alternating renga'', Holland Park Press, London (2014) ()

References

External links
 Of Harvest and Flight
 Flight Over Water

21st-century Kuwaiti poets
1970 births
Living people
American people of Palestinian descent
Palestinian expatriates in Kuwait
21st-century women writers
Kuwaiti women writers
Kuwaiti women poets
20th-century Kuwaiti poets


Tim Van Zandt (born September 17, 1963) is a nurse, former accountant and former politician from the U.S. state of Missouri. A Democrat, he served eight years in the Missouri House of Representatives representing Kansas City and became the first openly gay member ever elected to the Missouri General Assembly.

Born in Lexington, Missouri, he graduated from the University of Central Missouri with a B.S.E. in Accounting/Political Science and from the Bloch School at the University of Missouri–Kansas City with an M.P.A. in Health Care Administration.  He is now the Vice President for Government and Community Relations for Saint Luke's Health System.

He was elected to the Missouri House of Representatives in 1994. In a reliably Democratic district, he won the primary election held on August 2, 1994 with over 80% of the vote. He then faced only a Libertarian opponent in the general election, winning easily and taking office the following January. He was subsequently re-elected in 1996, 1998, and in 2000. Term limits prevented him from seeking re-election in 2002.

In the legislature, Van Zandt chaired the House Tobacco Settlement Committee and vice-chaired the House Committees on Urban Affairs, and Ways and Means.

Van Zandt served as a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions in 1992, 1996 and 2000. He served on the Rules Committee in 1992 and 2000, and the Platform Committee in 1996.

An openly gay man, Van Zandt won the election with the support of the Gay & Lesbian Victory Fund, which channeled thousands of dollars into his campaign. In the 2009–10 biennium, there are three openly gay members of the Missouri General Assembly: Sen. Jolie Justus (D–Kansas City), Rep. Jeanette Mott Oxford (D–St. Louis) and Rep. Mike Colona (D–St. Louis).

References

1963 births
Living people
American people of Dutch descent
People from Lexington, Missouri
Gay politicians
LGBT state legislators in Missouri
LGBT Christians
Democratic Party members of the Missouri House of Representatives
Politicians from Kansas City, Missouri


Eric Russell may refer to:

Eric Frank Russell (1905–1978), British writer
Eric Russell (cricketer) (born 1936), Scottish English cricketer
Eric Russell (athlete) (born 1944), Australian athlete

See also
Erick Russell, American politician


This is a list of notable people who were born in Wellington, New Zealand, or who spent a significant part of their lives living in the region.

The arts

Comedy
 Raybon Kan – comedian

Drag
 Pollyfilla (Colin McLean) – drag queen

Drama
 Russell Crowe – Oscar-winning actor
 Kerry Fox – actress
 Anna Paquin – Oscar-winning actress
 Antonia Prebble – actress
 Emmett Skilton – actor
 Antony Starr – actor
 Karl Urban – actor

Film
 Jane Campion – Oscar winning film-maker
 Peter Jackson – Oscar-winning film-maker
 Clive Revill – film and theatre actor
 Richard Taylor – head of film prop and special effects company Weta Workshop; multiple Oscar winner
 Fran Walsh – Oscar-winning screenwriter
 Taika Waititi – film director, screenwriter, actor, and comedian

Music
 Jemaine Clement – musician, member of Flight of the Conchords
 Brooke Fraser – multi-platinum selling singer
 Anthony Jennings — harpsichordist, organist, choral and orchestral director, and academic
 Andy Kent – bass player for You Am I
 Ben Lummis – singer, 2004 New Zealand Idol winner
 Tina Matthews – musician (The Crocodiles), puppeteer, writer
 Bret McKenzie – musician, member of Flight of the Conchords
 John Psathas – composer
 John Charles - composer
 Eddie Rayner – musician – Crowded House, Split Enz
 Frankie Stevens – entertainer, singer and judge of New Zealand Idol
 Jon Toogood – singer and guitarist for the rock band Shihad
 Rosita Vai – singer, 2005 New Zealand Idol winner

Visual arts
 Tom Scott – cartoonist, political commentator

Writing
 Ann Shulgin – author
 Ivan Bootham – novelist, short story writer, poet and composer
 Neil Cross – writer
 Richard Curtis – movie and TV writer and director
 Lauris Edmond – poet
 Robin Hyde – poet
 John Gallas – poet and educator
 Patricia Grace – writer
 Lloyd Jones – writer
 Elizabeth Knox –  author
 Katherine Mansfield – writer
 Bruce Mason – playwright
 Christopher Pugsley – writer
 Sydney Goodsir Smith – Scots language poet

Broadcasting
 John Campbell – broadcaster and news journalist
 Selwyn Toogood (dec.) – broadcaster

Business
 Mark Dunajtschik  – Property developer and philanthropist
 Sam Morgan – founder of online auction site TradeMe
 Peter Vincent – entrepreneur, founder/CEO of Vincent Aviation
 Dame Therese Walsh – chief operating officer for the 2011 Rugby World Cup and head of the organising body for the 2015 Cricket World Cup
 Jack Yan – publisher and graphic designer

Politics and public service
 Lettie Annie Allen – public servant and political activist
 Robin Cooke, Baron Cooke of Thorndon (dec.) – barrister and jurist
 Francis Fisher – politician, tennis player
 Jessica Hammond – The Opportunities Party politician
 Bill Hastings – lawyer, Chief Censor
 Joe Mack – trade union leader
 Jack Marshall (dec.) – former Prime Minister
 Gerald O'Brien – public servant and politician
 Nancy Wake (dec.) – World War II British agent
 Fran Wilde – Mayor, Member of Parliament
 Michael Wilford – diplomat

Religion
 Francis Douglas – Catholic missionary priest killed in World War II
 Thomas Stafford Cardinal Williams (born 1930) – Cardinal-Priest of Gesù Divin Maestro alla Pineta Sacchetti (1983–present); Fifth Catholic Archbishop of Wellington and Metropolitan of New Zealand (1979–2005)

Science and technology
 Rod Drury – technology entrepreneur
 Alan MacDiarmid (dec.) – scientist
Richard Cockburn Maclaurin (dec.) – physicist, foundation professor of Victoria University and president of MIT
 William Hayward Pickering (dec.) – electrical engineer, former head of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California
Matt Visser – physicist and mathematician

Sport
 Leo Bertos – footballer
 Jim Cassidy – jockey
 Murray Chandler – chess grandmaster
 Russell Coutts – professional sailor
 Anton Down-Jenkins (born 1999)  – diver
 Phillip Drew (born 1986) – international croquet player
 Simon Elliott – footballer
 Chris Killen – footballer
 Melissa Moon – two-time world mountain running champion
 Jeetan Patel – cricketer
 Wynton Rufer – footballer
 Jonathan Sarfati – chess master and author, raised in Wellington
 Ross Taylor (born 1984) – cricketer
 Ruby Tui (born 1991) –  rugby sevens player.
 Tana Umaga – former captain of the All Blacks
 Rob Szabo – darts player

Other
Ben Hana – a well-known homeless man
Harold Jack Underwood (1908–1979) – clerk, farmer, toy-maker and manufacturer
Heinrich Franz Vosseler – engineer and oil refinery owner

References

Wellington
Wellington


A broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitor or BSCI (also termed chemotide or  somatotaxin ) is a type of experimental anti-inflammatory drug that inhibits the action of the pro-inflammatory proteins chemokines. Radiolabeling experiments performed by Dr. David Fox, University of Warwick, demonstrated the ability of the BSCI to bind and antagonize the somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2). This is a display of functional selectivity at the SSTR2 receptor. Functional selectivity is the effect of one ligand having one agonism when bound to the receptor and another ligand having a different agonism at that same receptor.

Early peptides
The observation that the chemokine CCL2 is potentially responsible for the recruitment of macrophages to atherosclerotic lesions initiated a campaign of research into the a class of molecules that would inhibit the trafficking of leukocytes and act as a new generation of anti-inflammatory agents. ‘Peptide 3’, a dodecapeptide section of CCL2, designed as an allosteric inhibitor of MCP-1 induced leukocyte chemotaxis, was quickly shown by  leukocyte migration assay to be a functional inhibitor of many chemokines in vitro with similar potency. The potency of this peptide could be increased by cyclisation and the use of the reverse sequence of D-amino acids. This peptide is called NR58-3.14.3.

In vivo anti-inflammatory activity
The cyclic peptide NR58-3.14.3 was shown to be a powerful anti-inflammatory agent in vivo, inhibiting inflammation in a number of disease models such as atherosclerosis, ischemia, lung disease, surgical adhesions, endometriosis and pulmonary graft-versus-host disease. It has been suggested that blockage of chemokine function using these molecules should not have a detrimental toxicological effect.

Anti-HIV activity
Cyclic peptide NR58-3.14.3 has also been shown to inhibit HIV replication.

Preterm Labor
The BSCI compound called 'BN83470' in pregnant mice averted infection-induced preterm birth (PTB) by blocking various inflammatory pathways in the uterus and preventing the infiltration of immune cells into the uterine myometrium. In a nonhuman primate model of Group B Streptococcus (GBS)-induced preterm labour, another BSCI compound called 'FX125L' was able to inhibit preterm labour and suppress the cytokine response. No antibiotics were administered during these experiments, allowing the GBS infection to progress and invade the amniotic cavity and the fetus. Despite the invasive GBS infection, prophylactic BSCI treatment significantly reduced the levels of cytokines in the amniotic fluid, fetal plasma, lung, and brain, indicating its ability to suppress the inflammatory response. Current animal studies have not shown any significant fetal toxicity associated with BSCI compounds. However, further research, particularly through human pre-clinical trials, is now underway to understand the impact of BSCIs on the fetal immune response and development.

Small molecule drug candidates
The key amino acids of the BSCI peptides required for activity have been identified, and the tripeptide AcNH-Trp-Val-Gln-OH was shown to itself be a BSCI in the low micromolar range. Based on this structure a number of peptide mimetics were designed, including a range of 3-acylaminoglutarimides, with low nanomolar BSCI potencies. The search for increased stability and potency led to the development of 3-acylaminolactams, with picomolar potencies in vitro and high anti-inflammatory activity in vivo. A small molecule member of this class of BSCIs called FX125L, under development by Funxional Therapeutics, has recently completed phase 2 clinical trials.

References

External links
 Funxional Therapeutics Ltd
 Broad-Spectrum Chemokine Inhibitors (BSCIs)

Anti-inflammatory agents


Sacré-Cœur-de-Jésus is a parish municipality located in Les Appalaches Regional County Municipality in the Chaudière-Appalaches region of Quebec, Canada. Its population was 564 as of the Canada 2011 Census.

The municipality of East Broughton forms an enclave in the territory of Sacré-Cœur-de-Jésus.

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Sacré-Coeur-de-Jésus had a population of  living in  of its  total private dwellings, a change of  from its 2016 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of  in 2021.

References

Commission de toponymie du Québec
Ministère des Affaires municipales, des Régions et de l'Occupation du territoire

Incorporated places in Chaudière-Appalaches
Parish municipalities in Quebec


Reverend Canon Gideon Byamugisha (born 1959) is an Anglican priest in Uganda with a parish outside of Kampala.  In 1992, he became the first religious leader in Africa to publicly announce that he was HIV positive. In 2009, Byamugisha received the 26th annual Niwano Peace Prize "in recognition of his work to uphold the dignity and human rights of people living with HIV/AIDS".

Byamugisha co-founded the African Network of Religious Leaders Living with and Personally Affected HIV and Aids (ANERELA+) in February 2002, and in 2006 started a shelter for orphans whose parents died from AIDS. He lives with his wife and three HIV negative children.

Early life
Byamugisha is from Kigezi, near the Ugandan border with Rwanda, the eldest of fourteen children.  He was a history and geography teacher, as well as a deputy headmaster, before beginning his theology studies in his twenties.  He was most interested in the philosophy of religion.

In 1990, Byamugisha's his first wife Kellen gave birth to his daughter, Patience, and both parents had been accepted to study at graduate programs in Britain.  These plans changed when Kellen developed chest pains in April 1991, dying a week later.  Six months later, Byamugisha learned that his wife had died of AIDS.

Byamugisha does not know where he contracted the virus.  He and his wife were not tested before their marriage, and in 1988 he had been in a serious bicycling accident which required injections and a blood transfusion at a time when medical supplies and blood were not routinely screened for HIV.

Coping with HIV
Although there was a possibility that he would lose his job because of the stigma associated with AIDS, Byamugisha decided to tell the principal of the college he worked at and other staff members about his condition.  Although they were supportive of him, they asked him not to tell others.  He began telling his students, and then other members of his church.  He considers this to have been a risky choice, as community members often worried that this would harm the image of the church.

Byamugisha claims that he never felt guilty about his status.  "The only regret I have is that I lacked information. I have all this education—two degrees, one first class—but I failed a HIV test."  However, in 1996 he fell ill and lost 40 pounds because he had no access to antiretroviral drugs (ARVs).  Told that he would only live 6 months without ARVs, the bishop of Kampala used the church network to find two donors (an American and a Singaporean) who began sending him the drugs in 1997.

ANERELA+
As he started to travel and speak about his condition, Byamugisha began encountering other religious leaders who were HIV infected, or personally affected by the death and illness of family members, but were not ready to publicly discuss their conditions.  At the time, there was much misinformation about AIDS and HIV in Africa, and because of the promises and edicts from Christian, Muslim and Hindu groups on the continent, to have a religious leader infected or even affected personally was unthinkable.

In 1998, Byamugisha began to feel the need to organise the religious community with personal ties to HIV/AIDS.  In 2002, he secured funds to host a meeting of the religious leaders who had come to him privately in the past, and 42 leaders met with him in the Collins Hotel, in Nyanga Hills, some 300 km outside Harare.  Eight of the participants were HIV+, and this group later became the African Network of Religious Leaders Living with and Personally Affected HIV and Aids (ANERELA+), and grew to more than 2000 members in 39 countries by the end of 2006.

Other HIV/AIDS advocacy
Byamugisha has become prominent in the international HIV/AIDS community.  He has worked as an advisor to World Vision and has travelled internationally to speak about HIV/AIDS, including to a conference at the US White House in December 2002. Byamugisha advocates the view that HIV related issues reveal problems in other areas of society, such as poverty, literacy rates, social inequality, gender relations, trade, and government policy.  Fixing these issues, he claims, will have a significant effect on the AIDS epidemic in Africa.

Major issues Byamugisha sees in charity organisations include their insistence on policies that match the domestic agendas of donor agencies rather than accept the realities of society in Africa.  While the Catholic Church and other religious communities had softened their stance on condom usage and AIDS education in Africa, organisations such as the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), the biggest donor in Uganda, continued to insist on education about abstinence or delay of sexual debut for young people, and on fidelity or partner reduction for most adults, two interventions Byamugisha has been critical of as "stigmatizing" to those who cannot or will not abstain or be faithful to one partner. He also criticised PEPFAR's use of non-generic HIV drugs.  In the first year of operation, PEPFAR insisted that only brand-name HIV drugs be used, though they are five times more expensive than the generic brands, and, Byamugisha pointed out, can only be used to treat five times fewer people.  Byamugisha blamed the private agendas of the US pharmaceutical industry and the US evangelical Christian lobby for such policies which do not resonate with the realities of Africa.

Byamugisha also collaborated in 2003 with photographer Gideon Mendel on the book A Broken Landscape: HIV & AIDS in Africa.

Family
Byamugisha lives with his HIV positive wife Pamela (who runs a hardware store), with one HIV negative daughter from his previous marriage, Patience, and two HIV negative daughters, Love and Gift, whom he had with Pamela.  The couple decided to have Love and Gift after drugs to prevent transmission of the virus from mother to child became available in 2000.

See also
 28: Stories of AIDS in Africa – A book containing Byamugisha's story
 HIV/AIDS in Uganda

References

External links
 ANERELA
 Watch a film on Gideon Byamugisha

1959 births
HIV/AIDS activists
People with HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS in Uganda

Ugandan Anglican priests
Ugandan educators
Ugandan people with disabilities
Ugandan activists
Living people
Educators with disabilities
Activists with disabilities
Clergy with disabilities


Attack Squadron 75 (VA-75) or ATKRON 75 was an attack squadron of the United States Navy that was active from World War II through the 1990s. Nicknamed the "Sunday Punchers," they were based out of Naval Air Station Oceana, Virginia. Originally established as Bombing Squadron EIGHTEEN (VB-18) on July 20, 1943, it was redesignated Attack Squadron VA-7A on 15 November 1946, redesignated Attack Squadron VA-74 on 27 July 1948, redesignated Attack Squadron VA-75 on 15 February 1950 and disestablished on February 28, 1997.  They were the second squadron to be designated VA-75, the first VA-75 was disestablished on 30 November 1949. They were the first fleet squadron to operate the A-6 Intruder and the last unit to fly it in operational service.

History

World War II

5 February 1944: Lieutenant Commander Dickson, the squadron's commanding officer, was killed in a training exercise
12 October 1944: Squadron commanding officer, Commander Mark Eslick, was lost in combat during an attack on Kiirun Harbor, Formosa.
24–26 October 1944: The squadron participated in the Battle for Leyte Gulf, part of the operations surrounding the invasion of Leyte. On 24 October VB-18's SB2Cs flew sorties against a powerful Japanese surface force in the Sibuyan Sea. These attacks contributed to the sinking of the , one of the two largest battleships in the world. Lieutenant Donald L. Wilson was awarded the Navy Cross for scoring a direct hit on a Japanese battleship during the battle. On 25 October the squadron's planes were part of a Fast Carrier Task Force that attacked the Japanese carrier force in the Battle off Cape Engaño. Four Japanese carriers were sunk during this engagement, the squadron's commanding officer, Lieutenant Commander George D. Ghesquiere was awarded the Navy Cross for leading his squadron in this battle and Lieutenant Benjamin G. Preston was awarded a Gold Star in lieu of his third Navy Cross for leading a division of dive bombers in this battle. On the 26th, squadron planes participated in attacks on the Japanese surface force which was retiring from the Battle off Samar.

Postwar
September–December 1946: The squadron participated in 's shake-down cruise in the Caribbean and a goodwill cruise to South America for the inauguration of Chile's President.
25 January 1949: the squadron conducted cross-deck operations with the British carrier  in the Mediterranean.

Korean War

23 June 1952: The squadron's first combat action in the Korean War was a joint operation with Air Group 7 and the U.S. Air Force in an attack against hydro-electric complexes in North Korea that had previously been restricted from attack.
11 July 1952: The squadron participated in a combined attack against Pyongyang, North Korea, with aircraft from CVG-7, , the U.S. Air Force, Marine Corps, Australian Air Force and British Royal Navy.
5 December 1952: On a strike against enemy troop concentrations the squadron's commanding officer, Commander H. K. Evans, was lost when his aircraft was hit by antiaircraft fire and crashed.

1960s

April 1961: The squadron operated from  in an area south of Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, during the Bay of Pigs Invasion
22 October–22 November 1962: Participated in the Cuban Quarantine while embarked on Independence.
14 November 1963: The first operational fleet squadron to be assigned the A-6A Intruder.

Vietnam War
May–December 1965: Operating from Independence, VA-75 was the first squadron to deploy with the A-6A Intruder and operate the aircraft in a combat environment.
18 July 1965: The squadron commanding officer, Commander Jeremiah Denton, and bombardier-navigator LtJG Bill Tshudy, were captured after a combat mission over North Vietnam.
18 September 1965: The squadron's next commanding officer, Commander Leonard Vogt, and Lt. R.F. Barber, were killed while engaged in a night bombing attack Theon enemy patrol boats.
24 February 1968: Commander Jerrold M. Zacharias and Lieutenant Commander Michael L. Hall were awarded the Navy Cross for their action with VA-35 in planning and executing a coordinated A-6A strike on Hanoi.

1970s

September and October 1970: VA-75 operated from  while on station in the eastern Mediterranean during the Black September in Jordan
7 October 1971: VA-75 became the first A-6 squadron to drop sonobuoys. The integrated A-6A radar system and the A-6B antiradiation system were utilized for exact positioning and release of the sonobuoys. This event was part of an overall evaluation of the CV Concept being conducted by the Saratoga to determine the carrier's capability to operate effectively in both the attack and ASW roles.
June–October 1972: Participated in Operation Linebacker, heavy air strikes against targets in North Vietnam and mining operations along coastal waters.
6 August 1972: Commander Charles Earnest and Lieutenant Commander Grady L. Jackson were awarded the Silver Star for directing a successful night inland rescue of a downed pilot in a heavily defended area of North Vietnam.
10 October 1972: Lieutenant Commander John A. Pieno and Lieutenant Junior Grade John R. Fuller were awarded the Silver Star for their actions as bombardier/navigators of a two plane attack, at dusk, on the North Vietnamese airfield of Bai Thong.
28 November 1972: The squadron's commanding officer, Commander Charles Earnest, was lost in an aircraft accident following a catapult launch from Saratoga while operating on Yankee Station.
19–29 December 1972: Participated in Operation Linebacker II
18 January 1975: Following violent demonstrations against the American Embassy in Nicosia, Cyprus, VA-75 operated from Saratoga off the coast of Cyprus.
April 1976: As tensions increased in Lebanon, Saratoga and her air wing operated south of Crete, prepared to provide support for the evacuation of Americans from that country if it became necessary.

1980s-1990s
8 January 1980: The squadron's commanding officer, Commander A. J. Lynch, and Lieutenant Charles J. Morrow were lost when their aircraft struck several parked planes during a night landing and careened into the sea.
June 1982: Israel invaded Lebanon and  was ordered to operate off the coast of Lebanon. VA-75 operated from the carrier, preparing for possible air support if it became necessary to evacuate Americans from Beirut, Lebanon.
4 December 1983: During Kennedy’s operations off the coast of Lebanon in support of the Multinational Peacekeeping Force, several of the carrier's F-14 reconnaissance aircraft received hostile fire from Syrian surface-to-air missile and anti-aircraft positions on 3 December. A retaliatory strike was flown by elements from CVW-3 and aircraft from Independence against the Syrian antiaircraft positions near Hammana, Lebanon. Three of VA-75's A-6Es participated in the strike and it also provided two KA-6D tanker aircraft for the operation.
6 February 1984: VA-75 dropped laser guided bombs in response to a request from U.S. Marines (part of the Multinational Peacekeeping Force) at the Beirut International Airport to suppress attacks against their positions.
February 1987: With the increased tensions in Lebanon surrounding the American hostages, Kennedy was ordered to operate off the coast of Lebanon. VA-75 flew operations from the carrier in preparation for possible evacuation.
January 1989: During routine training exercises off the northeastern tip of Libya, two F-14 Tomcats were approached by two Libyan Air Force MiG-23 jets, and after repeated attempts for a peaceful intercept, the F-14s shot down the Libyan aircraft. VA-75's KA-6D tankers provided refueling support for the two F-14s
August 1989: During a training exercise, a squadron A-6E SWIP aircraft was the first to fire an AIM-9H Sidewinder air-to-air missile, scoring a direct hit with the missile.
September–October 1990 and December 1990–January 1991: The squadron participated in Operation Desert Shield, the buildup of American and Allied forces to counter a threatened invasion of Saudi Arabia by Iraq and as part of an economic blockade of Iraq to force its withdrawal from Kuwait.

See also
History of the United States Navy
List of inactive United States Navy aircraft squadrons
List of United States Navy aircraft squadrons

References

Bibliography

 VA-75 Flies A-6 into Retirement

External links

 VA-75 Sunday Punchers dedication and reunion site
 VA-75 Sunday Punchers CVW-7, CVA-62
 VA-75 Sunday Punchers @ the Intruder Association
 The Sunday Punchers

Attack squadrons of the United States Navy