Hannah Gadsby (born 1978) is an Australian comedian, writer, and actor. They began their career in Australia after winning the national final of the Raw Comedy competition for new comedians in 2006. In 2018, their show Nanette on Netflix won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Variety Special and a Peabody Award.

Starting in 2019, Gadsby toured internationally with their show Douglas and the recorded special was released on Netflix in 2020. In 2021, they were awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Tasmania. In March 2022, they published Ten Steps to Nanette: A Memoir Situation. They appeared as a recurring cast member in season four of Netflix's Sex Education as Celia, a radio show host.

Early life

Hannah Gadsby was born at North West Regional Hospital in Burnie, Tasmania. They grew up in Smithton, a small town on the remote north-west coast of Tasmania, as the youngest of five children. Gadsby attended Smithton High School from 1990 to 1995. In year 12, Gadsby attended Launceston College, where they had a nervous breakdown. They began studying at the University of Tasmania in Hobart but later transferred to the Australian National University, where they earned a bachelor's degree in art history and curatorship in 2003.

Gadsby then worked in bookshops in Canberra and became a projectionist at an outdoor cinema in Darwin. They then spent two years picking vegetables and planting trees along the east coast of Australia. Gadsby became homeless, which they later attributed in part to their ADHD, and ill enough with acute pancreatitis to require hospitalisation.

Career

Stand-up comedy
On a visit to their sister in Adelaide in 2006, Gadsby entered Raw Comedy in 2006, progressing through the heats to win the national prize. As the winner, they were sent to the So You Think You're Funny? competition at the Edinburgh Fringe Festival, where they won second prize. Their first solo show was titled Hannah Gadsby is Wrong and Broken, and won the 2007 Best Newcomer Award at the Edinburgh Fringe Festival before they went on tour with the show in Edinburgh and New York. In 2008, they performed Meat the Musical with Amelia Jane Hunter at the Melbourne International Comedy Festival. They continued to perform at festivals, including the Melbourne International Comedy Festival, Kilkenny Comedy Festival, Montreal Just for Laughs Festival, Edinburgh Fringe Festival and New Zealand International Comedy Festival. In September 2022, Gadsby signed a multi-title deal with Netflix.

Nanette
Gadsby created the stand-up show they named Nanette partly as a response to the public debate which took place in Australia before the law was changed to allow same-sex marriage, and also after their diagnosis of autism. Nanette explores topics such as homophobia, xenophobia, sexism, and gendered violence. Elahe Izadi of The Washington Post states although Nanette is a comedy, Gadsby insists the audience recognize the dark truth of trauma and assault. During the show, Gadsby says they are quitting comedy.

In a review for Time Out of their next show Douglas, Ben Neutze wrote, "Yes, it was funny, but Gadsby's main objective was to deliver a fiery and furious takedown of the heterosexual patriarchy." According to Mary Luckhurst, writing in Persona Studies, Gadsby's "stand-up has to be set against the epidemic of gender-based violence which continues to infect Australian life and which was declared a 'national crisis' by the Federal Government in 2015."

After Gadsby won the Melbourne International Comedy Festival Barry award, the Edinburgh Festival Fringe Comedy Award, and the Helpmann Award for Best Comedy Performer, Netflix released the film version of Nanette in 2018. On Rotten Tomatoes, Nanette received an approval rating of 100% based on reviews from 49 critics.

Douglas
In March 2019, Gadsby previewed their new show, Douglas, in Adelaide, before touring the U.S. and Australia, where many shows were sold out in advance. In the show, they explore new personal revelations "with empathy, wit and some extremely relatable metaphor", and create something "bigger than comedy" according to one reviewer of the preview show. In Douglas, they discuss their autism diagnosis, aiming to help people understand neurodiversity as part of a normal variation of the human condition. In a review of the show for Time Out, Anne-Marie Peard wrote, "Douglas will create change and help people, especially undiagnosed women, to see that they may not have the right words to describe how they experience life; it's describing that experience to those who still say or think the words that belittle and damage." In 2020, Netflix released a filmed version of the live show.

Body of Work
In July 2021, Gadsby started a solo show, title Body of Work in several venues in Australia, New Zealand, Europe, and the UK. Dates were also announced in the United States. A review of Body of Work for The Guardian by Brian Logan describes the show as "a winning return for Gadsby, to whose heavy-hitting accomplishments can now be added a flair for comedy with a light heart." In 2022, Netflix announced its plans to release a recording from the Body of Work tour in 2023. In April 2023, Netflix announced the television special about this tour was going to be titled Something Special. On May 10, the show was released on Netflix.

TV roles
Gadsby co-wrote and co-starred in the Australian ABC TV show Adam Hills Tonight through three seasons from February 2011 to July 2013. They had regular segments called "On This Day" and "Hannah Has A Go" and also featured on the couch, contributing as host Adam Hills interviewed his guests. They co-wrote (with Matthew Bate) and presented a three-part series on ABC, Hannah Gadsby's Oz, which aired in March 2014. Produced by Closer Productions, this series set out to "debunk the myths of the Australian identity perpetuated by [its] national art". From 2013 to 2016, they co-wrote 20 episodes of the television series Please Like Me with fellow comedian Josh Thomas. In it, they played Hannah, a fictional version of themself. They appeared as a recurring cast member in season four of Netflix's Sex Education as Celia, a radio show host.

Guest appearances
Gadsby's Australian and international television appearances include Rove Live (2009), Good News Week (2009), Spicks and Specks (2010), Agony Aunts (2012), QI (2018), The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon (2018, 2020), and TV3's game show, 7 Days. They were a presenter at the 70th Primetime Emmy Awards in 2018, presenting the award for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series. Gadsby was also a guest on Conan O'Brien's podcast Conan O'Brien Needs a Friend in 2019.

Visual art
Between 2009 and 2013, Gadsby presented comedy art tours in conjunction with the National Gallery of Victoria, with themes such as paintings of the Holy Virgin, Dadaism, Modernism, Impressionism and the nude in art. They have given talks on art and opened exhibitions. Gadsby has written and presented two documentary specials for the Artscape program on ABC TV: Hannah Gadsby Goes Domestic (2010) and The NGV Story (2011). In 2015, they wrote and performed Hannah Gadsby: Arts Clown, a series for BBC Radio 4 based on their comedy art shows.

From June through September 2023, coinciding with the fiftieth anniversary of Pablo Picasso's death, the Brooklyn Museum is hosting It's Pablo-matic: Picasso According to Hannah Gadsby. The exhibition, curated by Gadsby, is meant to explore Picasso's "complicated legacy through a critical, contemporary, and feminist lens, even as it acknowledges his work's transformative power and lasting influence". It is co-curated with Catherine Morris of the Elizabeth A. Sackler Center for Feminist Art and Lisa Small of the Brooklyn Museum. The show was lambasted by art critics; Alex Greenberger of ARTnews called the show "disastrous", and Jason Farago of The New York Times commented, "if you thought Gadsby had something to say about Picasso, the joke — the only good joke of the day, in fact — is on you. [...] This new exhibition backs away from close looking for the affirmative comforts of social-justice-themed pop culture."

Ten Steps to Nanette: A Memoir Situation

In March 2022, Gadsby published Ten Steps to Nanette: A Memoir Situation. The book was a New York Times bestseller. A review in Time by Trish Bendix stated the book "addresses the weighted issues of historical gender-based violence, misogyny, sexual abuse, homophobia, ableism and fatphobia, all of which Gadsby has directly experienced", and that Gadsby wrote, "I am triggering all the warnings." Kirkus Reviews described the memoir as a "witty and provocatively written life story" and wrote, "Consistently self-effacing and contemplative, Gadsby acknowledges that [their] unique brand of deadpan observational comedy isn't for everyone, especially since it often skewers 'the two most overly sensitive demographics the world has ever known: straight white cis men and self-righteous comedians.

Thomas Floyd wrote in a review for The Washington Post, "For a comic critiqued by some misguided souls as not being funny enough, Gadsby sure understands how to get the last laugh." Publishers Weekly wrote, "This stirring tale of resilience laughs in the face of the 'inspiration porn' industry." Dana Dunham wrote for the Chicago Review of Books that Gadsby "describes Nanette inception, its iterations, and its careful layering, representing [their] thinking in actual images of [their] early notes and through artistic metaphor: the shapes of ideas, the palette of thoughts. Any artist, any creator should value the chance to examine the composition of this revolutionary work, and the context from which it came."

Personal life
Gadsby is openly lesbian and often includes LGBTQ-related themes in their stand-up routines. They are genderqueer and use they/them pronouns.

Gadsby was diagnosed with ADHD and autism in 2017.

In January 2021, Gadsby married producer Jenney Shamash.

Gadsby is an active supporter of various charities. Organizations they have assisted include Big Brothers Big Sisters of Melbourne, Edmund Rice Camps of Victoria, and the Sacred Heart Mission.

Awards
 2006: Melbourne International Comedy Festival  Raw Comedy winner
 2006: Edinburgh Festival Fringe, So You Think You're Funny? – Second place
 2007: Adelaide Fringe, Best Newcomer Award for Hannah Gadsby is Wrong and Broken
 2010: Helpmann Award for Best Comedy Performer – nominee for The Cliff Young Shuffle
 2010: Melbourne International Comedy Festival – Directors' Choice Award
 2011: Helpmann Award for Best Comedy Performer – nominee for Mrs Chuckles
 2011: Melbourne International Comedy Festival Barry Award nominee
 2017: Helpmann Award for Best Comedy Performer for Nanette
 2017: Melbourne International Comedy Festival, Barry Award winner for Nanette
 2017: Edinburgh Festival Fringe Comedy Award – joint winner for Nanette, tied with John Robins for The Darkness of Robins
 2017: Adelaide Fringe Best Comedy Award
 2018: 7th AACTA International Awards Best Comedy Program – nominee
 2018: AACTA Award for Best Performance in a Television Comedy
 2019: Helpmann Award for Best Comedy Performer for Douglas
 2019: MTV Movie & TV Awards – nominee for Best Real-Life Hero
 2019: Peabody Award for Nanette
 2019: Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Variety Special for Nanette

Tours
 Kiss Me Quick I'm Full of Jubes (2009)
 The Cliff Young Shuffle (2010)
 Mrs Chuckles (2011)
 Hannah Wants a Wife (2012)
 Happiness Is a Bedside Table (2013)
 The Exhibitionist (2014)
 Dogmatic (2015)
 Donkey (2016)
 Nanette (20172018)
 Douglas (2019)
 Body of Work (2021present)

Filmography

Television

Film

Bibliography

References

External links

 2019 TED Talk Three ideas. Three contradictions. Or not. Hannah Gadsby

Adam Hills Tonight
Australian National University alumni
Australian stand-up comedians
Living people
People from Smithton, Tasmania
21st-century Australian comedians
Lesbian comedians
Non-binary comedians
Actors with autism
Primetime Emmy Award winners
Australian lesbian actresses
Helpmann Award winners
Edinburgh Festival performers
1978 births
Australian LGBT comedians


Liat Cohen (born 17 October 1971) is a Franco-Israeli classical guitarist.
Born in Tel Aviv, Cohen is the recipient of concert diplomas and first prizes from the Schola Cantorum de Paris and the Conservatoire de Paris, a laureate of the École Normale de Musique de Paris, and the winner of international competitions in Rome and Paris. Cohen was the first classical guitarist to receive the Nadia and Lili Boulanger Prize awarded by the Foundation of France.

Performances
Cohen has played at the Palais des beaux-arts (Brussels), Círculo de Bellas Artes (Madrid), Salle Cortot (Paris), the National Theatre of Costa Rica, the Opéra national de Montpellier, the Musée des Invalides (Paris), the Skirball Cultural Center (Los Angeles), The Palais des congrès de Lyon, the Jerusalem Theatre (Tel Aviv), and the Palazzo Barberini in Rome.

She has performed with leading orchestras and at festivals in the United States, Australia, Brazil, Peru, Mexico, Argentina, Costa Rica, Turkey, Sweden and Israel, many being broadcast live on national television and radio including Radio France, Israel Broadcasting Authority and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.

Reviews
The musicologist Yehoshua Hirshberg said that Cohen "...is a guitarist continuing the tradition begun by Andrés Segovia, of transforming the intimate guitar into a magnificent solo instrument, projecting over large concert auditoria while maintaining the warm and gentle nuances of the instrument".

French Guitarist magazine called her one of the most important guitarists in the world today, and Guitare magazine called her a "virtuoso of poignant, delicate sound".

Albums
Cohen's first album was recorded with the Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra in 2001. It won a Critics Award for Interpretation and was selected as CD of the Year by American National Radio,

In 2003, Cohen transcribed and recorded works by J.S. Bach while artist in residence at the Mont St. Michel Abbey in France. This work culminated in a solo performance during the 20th European Cultural Heritage Day and an album published by Codaex France: Liat Cohen plays Bach at Mont St Michel. A week of national television coverage on the MEZZO Music Channel followed.

In 2005, Cohen recorded a classical and popular melody album, Latino Ladino, for Harmonia Mundi.

In 2007, Buda Music released the album Variations Ladino, with music from 15th century Spain to the present day, comprising solo and chamber pieces based on the Ladino tradition. Roten wrote of the album: "The acoustic result is savoured as an initiatory journey in which pleasure is paramount."

In 2009, Cohen, accompanied by the Talich Quartet, released a double album Virtuosi, and the album Concertos, both on the Warner Classics label.

In 2014, they released album Rio-Paris.

References

External links
Liat Cohen web site, retrieved 2 March 2011.
french music.org: Liat Cohen, retrieved 2 March 2011.
Jerusalem Post: Liat Cohen, Latino Ladino, retrieved 2 March 2011.
Musiv Web International: Liat Cohen, Virtuosi, retrieved 2 March 2011.

1971 births
Living people
Musicians from Tel Aviv
French classical guitarists
French women guitarists
Israeli expatriates in France
Israeli guitarists
Schola Cantorum de Paris alumni
21st-century guitarists
21st-century French women musicians
21st-century women guitarists


Chin Siu-ho (born 26 January 1963) is a Hong Kong actor and martial artist, notable for acting with Jet Li in Tai Chi Master and Fist of Legend.

Background
He is the older brother of actor Chin Kar-lok and ex-husband of Sharon Kwok Sau-wan, and started martial arts training when he was 10 years old.
Chin has performed in over 90 films for famous companies like Shaw Film Company and Golden Harvest Films since the 1970s. He started to gain popularity in the 1980s. His first leading role in the career was Hu Fei in Legend of the Fox. He has performed a lot of horror and gangster films. His recent performance in films industry include Rigor Mortis, Happiness and Vampire Cleanup Department.

Chin heroically rescued a woman who had been held hostage in 1994. At the 2016 Golden Flower Awards International Film Festival, Chin won the Best Actor in a Leading Role in a Micro Movie Award for Rest Is Pending.

Filmography
 Ten Tigers of Kwangtung (1980)
 Legend of the Fox (1980)
 Two Champions of Shaolin (1981)
 The Rebel Intruders (1980)
 Masked Avengers (1981)
 Mahjong Heroes (1981)
 House of Traps (1982)
 The Brave Archer and His Mate (1982)
 Rolls, Rolls, I Love You (1982)
 Brothers From the Walled City (1982)
 Fast Fingers (1983)
 Ghosts Galore (1983)
 Demon of the Lute (1983)
 I Will Finally Knock You Down, Dad! (1984)
 The Legend Continues (1984) (TV series)
 Twinkle, Twinkle Lucky Stars (1985)
 The Man Is Dangerous (1985)
 Mr. Vampire (1985)
 Crazy Shaolin Disciples (1985)
 The Master Strikes Back (1985)
 The Seventh Curse (1986)
 The Story of Doctor Sun Yat-sen (1986)
 Millionaire's Express (1986)
 Love Me Vampire (1986)
 The Final Test (1987)
 New Mr. Vampire (1987)
 Edge of Darkness (1988)
 In the Blood (1988)
 Vampire vs Vampire (1989)
 Into the Fire (1989)
 They Came to Rob Hong Kong (1989)
 The Blonde Fury (1989)
 The Nocturnal Demon (1990)
 Goodbye Hero (1990)
 New Kids in Town (1990)
 The Ultimate Vampire (1991)
 Dead Target (1991)
 Magic Cop (1992)
 Come From China (1992)
 All-Mighty Gambler (1992)
 Hero Dream (1993)
 Happy Partner (1993)
 The Beheaded 1000 (1993)
 Tai Chi Master (1993)
 Fist of Legend (1994)
 Don't Give a Damn (1995)
 Stooge, My Love (1996)
 Millennium Dragon (1999)
 Undercover Girls  (1999)
 A Battle of Wits (2006)
 Ticket (2008)
 72 Tenants of Prosperity (2010)
 Vampire Warriors (2010)
 The Lost Bladesman (2011)
 Rigor Mortis (2013)
 Wudang Rules (2015) (TV series)
 Elite Brigade III (2015) (TV series)
 Happiness (2016)
 Vampire Cleanup Department (2017)
 Sinister Beings (2021)

References

External links

 Chin Siu-ho on the Hong Kong Movie Database

 Chin Siu-ho Stills on Maalaimalar.com

1963 births
Hong Kong male actors
Living people
Hong Kong male film actors
Male actors from Guangdong
People from Foshan
People from Sanshui District


In 2009, a mass rally by a coalition of opposition parties in took place in Georgia against the government of President Mikheil Saakashvili. Thousands of people demonstrated, mainly in the capital, Tbilisi, starting on 9 April 2009, demanding Saakashvili's resignation. On the first day of demonstrations, up to 40,000 people gathered in Tbilisi. Protests continued for over three months, although fewer people participated as time passed than during the first days. On 26 May 2009, the Georgian Independence Day, 60,000 protesters took part. Although peaceful at first, there were incidents of fighting between the Georgian police and protesters. The daily rallies gradually dwindled and ended, without achieving any tangible results, on 24 July –107 days after they kicked off.

Opposition plans
On 27 March 2009, 13 opposition parties agreed to hold a joint rally to demand Saakashvili's resignation in an announcement named Manifesto of Unity. It was signed by Alliance for Freedom (uniting Party of Freedom; Party of Women for Justice and Equality; Traditionalists and Party of Future); Conservative Party (leaders – Kakha Kukava and Zviad Dzidziguri); Democratic Movement–United Georgia (led by Nino Burjanadze); Georgia's Way (led by Salome Zourabichvili); Industrialists Party (led by Zurab Tkemaladze and beer magnate Gogi Topadze); Movement for United Georgia (founded by ex-defense minister Irakli Okruashvili); Party of People (led by Koba Davitashvili); and the Alliance for Georgia, uniting New Rights, Republican Party and a political team of Irakli Alasania, who had earlier showed reservations about joining the manifestations. Levan Gachechiladze, a former opposition presidential candidate, has joined the document as an individual politician.

Salome Zourabichvili stressed on 8 April, that the demonstrators will remain on the streets until the president steps down.

The date of 9 April 2009, was chosen because it will be the 20-year anniversary of the day when 20 people died as Soviet Red Army troops dispersed a pro-independence rally in Tbilisi.

Opposition parties have accused Saakashvili of concentrating power to himself, using riot police to crush opposition rallies in 2007 and for the disaster of the 2008 South Ossetia war. "I don't think that it should be a surprise that after we lost 20% of Georgian territory and have no democracy in the country, we are asking for the resignation of the president," opposition leader Nino Burjanadze said.

Preparations
On 8 April, the Tbilisi-based pro-opposition Maestro TV aired a brief video, informing the public that the opposition and their supporters will start gathering at three various venues in the capital city – in Avlabari Square, Tbilisi State University and at the public broadcaster's office subsequently to join outside the Parliament in Rustaveli Avenue.

Foreign diplomats have called for a dialogue between the government and opposition, and the Georgian Orthodox Church has urged the opposition, the government and the Georgian army not to resort to force.

On 8 April 2009, Georgian police set up a Monitoring Center to oversee the rallies and invited foreign diplomats to keep a close eye on police and protesters' actions. The office of Georgian public defender Sozar Subari and a group of local non-governmental organizations will also monitor the events. Irakli Alasania, leader of the Alliance for Georgia, said that the opposition was willing to cooperate with the law enforcement agencies to provide security during the rallies.

President Saakashvili has stated there was "no alternative to dialogue" and the government was ready to talk even "with the smallest and the most radical group". The Georgian Interior Minister Vano Merabishvili said that the authorities would show "maximum tolerance" towards the protesters and police would retaliate in case of the opposition attempts at storming the government buildings. Fire crews and hundreds of police in full riot gear were positioned on the courtyard of the parliament in central Tbilisi in early 9 April.

First day of demonstrations

On the morning of 9 April, the Democratic Movement–United Georgia party claimed that 60 of its members had been arrested in overnight raids. Up to 40,000 people gathered in Tbilisi on 9 April. The protesters gave Saakashvili time until 11:00 GMT on Friday, 10 April to stand day and agree to the demands. A few hundred protesters stayed the night outside the parliament. Opposition leaders asked people to meet again at afternoon next day. Eka Beselia said he did not expect Saakashvili to adhere to the deadline, and that concrete action was planned for Friday.

Second day of demonstrations

On 10 April, about 20,000 people took part in the rally in Tbilisi. The opposition announced the start of a national disobedience campaign. Major roads in Tbilisi were blocked off for six hours, causing the traffic in the city to paralyze. The opposition said that the same action will be repeated every day.

Continued protests

The Georgian opposition said on 12 April 2009 it would continue its peaceful protest demanding the resignation of President Mikheil Saakashvili, despite its previous decision to hold a break for a religious holiday.

On 13 April 2009 the protesters set up camp outside President Saakashvili's office. and the opposition leaders stated they were ready to hold talks with the president but that an election was the only way out of the deadlock.

Opposition leaders have pledged to keep the protests peaceful but on 6 May 2009 protesters and police clashed near a police base. The Interior Ministry said 22 protesters and six policemen were injured. The opposition said several of its leaders were also treated in hospital. Protesters appeared to have converged on the police base to demand the release of three opposition activists detained over the beating of a journalist on 5 May 2009.

On 26 May 2009, the Georgian independence day, 60,000 protesters gathered to demand Saakashvili's resignation. The opposition has also forced the government to cancel the annual military parade. Opposition leaders still insisted that protests will continue until Saakashvili resigns. Saakashvili, on his part, reiterated his refusal once again.

On 28 May 2009, several protesters and five policemen were injured in a clash close to the protest venue outside the Parliament. According to the Georgian government, least one police officer was stabbed and others were beaten. However, the opposition denied the report, saying some 20 plainclothes police attacked its supporters with batons. Television pictures aired by Maestro TV showed dozens of men in civilian clothing clashing with each other on a small street near the Parliament. Opposition leader Kakha Kukava said the clash was "a provocation by a group of policemen who started beating people."  Television pictures showed several wounded protesters, one with blood streaming from his head.

Mid June 2009 Georgian police clashed violently with opposition protesters in Tbilisi.

International response
At a meeting of the 28 NATO states and their Georgian counterpart in Brussels on 5 May 2009 NATO called for dialogue between Georgia's government and opposition, for reforms to ensure freedom of media and assembly, and for the government to avoid violence against protests.

Effects on the Georgian economy
On 7 April 2009, Fitch Ratings had warned that Georgia's long-term credit could be downgraded because of the political instability ahead of the planned protests. 9 April 2009 the Prime Minister of Georgia Nika Gilauri warned that political standoff and protest rallies in the country would hit the Georgian economy.

See also
2007 Georgian demonstrations
2011 Georgian protests
2012 Georgian protests
Rose Revolution
2020 Georgian parliamentary election protests

References

External links
 Photos from the 2009 Georgian demonstrations by UNIAN

Protests in Georgia (country)
Georgian Demonstrations, 2009
Georgian demonstrations
2000s in Tbilisi


Power resource theory is a political theory proposing that variations among welfare states is largely attributable to differing distributions of power between economic classes. It argues that "working class power achieved through organisation by labor unions or left parties, produces more egalitarian distributional outcomes".

Pioneered in the 1970s and 1980s by a school of Scandinavian researchers closely associated with Walter Korpi, Gøsta Esping-Andersen, and John Stephens, power resource theory is an empirical approach to examining the development, characteristics and effects of social policies in advanced industrialized nations. It attempts to account for the various approaches to social policy adopted by different nations, focusing primarily on the role and strength of labor mobilization. Its major conclusion is that social welfare provisions are larger and income inequality lower in countries where working-class people are more politically organized.

While power resource theory became the dominant paradigm among scholars in the 1990s for explaining variations between welfare states in advanced democracies, there are criticisms that point out the lack of accountability for factors such as variations in “coverage, extension, and generosity among welfare states” in addition to not accounting for the importance of political mobilization based on social class. Competing theories have also challenged power resource theory with alternative explanations for the varying levels of welfare development such as the importance of employers and cross-class alliances that exist in coordinated market societies.

References

Political science theories


Valcon Games was a developer and publisher of video games based in Bellevue, Washington, United States.

The company was founded in 2005 by Colin Gordon and Glen Halseth, both former members of Kemco. Valcon published games that were overlooked for the US market and also localized games from other territories. Their last game release was in 2011 and their web site is no longer online.

Games released

References

External links
 Valcon Games official website (archived from the original)

Companies based in Bellevue, Washington
Video game companies of the United States
Video game development companies
Video game publishers
Video game companies established in 2005
2005 establishments in Washington (state)


"Be Stiff" is the third single by American new wave band Devo, released in 1978 by Stiff Records. The song was taken from the sessions for Q: Are We Not Men? A: We Are Devo! (1978), produced by Brian Eno. Guitarist Bob Lewis wrote the music and came up with the title concept, while bassist and singer Gerald Casale penned the verses.

The song became an anthem for Stiff, and was a minor success in the UK. It was covered multiple times, including on a Stiff-released EP of their own artists' interpretations. It was performed by the band in 1980 and live recordings appear on DEV-O Live (1981) and Devo Live 1980 (2005). It was also performed as an encore for the Freedom of Choice shows of Devo's November 2009 tour, and was included in the setlist of their 2014 Hardcore Devo Live! tour.

According to author Simon Reynolds, with its stop-start rhythms and angular arrangement, "Be Stiff" exemplified Devo's stance against soft rock complacency.

Release history
An early demo of "Be Stiff" with a very different sound appears on the collection Hardcore Devo: Volume Two (1991), recorded in either 1974 or 1975.

In early 1978, Devo toured the UK for the first time and Stiff Records released three Devo singles in a row: "Jocko Homo" which charted at number 51; their arrangement of the Rolling Stones' "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction", which reached number 41; and "Be Stiff", which rose to number 71. These three singles were later compiled on the B Stiff EP.

"Be Stiff" was also produced in London in limited quantities on clear and yellow vinyl, released at the same time as five colored vinyl versions of "Whoops-a-Daisy" by Stiff Records artist Humphrey Ocean and the Hardy Annuals.

Covers and alternate versions
Following Devo's popular July 1978 performance at the Knebworth Festival, Stiff released an EP (catalog number ODD-2) featuring six artists from the Be Stiff '78 tour performing versions of "Be Stiff". The artists were Lene Lovich, Mickey Jupp, Wreckless Eric, Rachel Sweet, Jona Lewie, and the Be Stiff Ensemble (led by Lovich). A website devoted to Mickey Jupp offers the following review:

Live recordings of the song from Devo's 1980 tour have been released on DEV-O Live and Devo Live 1980, and an alternate demo version (erroneously labeled as an "alternate mix" of the single version) appears on the compilation Recombo DNA (2000).

In 1982, Toni Basil released a version of "Be Stiff" on her album Word of Mouth, featuring music recorded by Devo.

The version of "Social Fools" featured on the B-side of the single is a Devo-produced studio version. A second studio version produced by Brian Eno was later issued as the B-side of the "Come Back Jonee" 7-inch single.

Big Business released a cover of "Be Stiff" on their 2006 Tour EP II.

Chart positions

References

1978 singles
Devo songs
Songs written by Gerald Casale
Song recordings produced by Brian Eno
Songs written by Bob Lewis (musician)
1978 songs
Stiff Records singles


The Georgia and Florida Railroad was a railroad in the Southern U.S. known as the Georgia and Florida Railway from 1906 to 1926 and 1963 to 1971. It had a main line from Madison, Florida to Greenwood, South Carolina. The Southern Railway gained control in 1963, reorganized it as the Georgia and Florida Railway, and merged it into subsidiary Central of Georgia Railroad in 1971.

At the end of 1960 G&F operated 321 miles of road on 395 miles of track; that year it reported 569 million ton-miles of revenue freight and no passengers.

References

Predecessors of the Southern Railway (U.S.)
Railway companies established in 1926
Railway companies disestablished in 1963
Defunct Florida railroads
Defunct Georgia (U.S. state) railroads
Defunct South Carolina railroads
Former Class I railroads in the United States
American companies established in 1926
American companies disestablished in 1963


Mary Jo Wilhelm (born 1955) is a former Iowa State Senator who represented the 26th District. A Democrat, she served in the Iowa Senate from 2009 to 2017. She has been a Certified Residential Appraiser since 2000, and is the founder and owner of Wilhelm Appraisers.

Wilhelm currently serves on several committees in the Iowa Senate - the Economic Growth committee; the Education committee; the Environment & Energy Independence committee; the Human Resources committee; and the Ways and Means committee. She also serves on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Appropriations Subcommittee. Her prior political experience includes serving on the Howard County Board of Supervisors.

Wilhelm was elected in 2008 with 14,862 votes, defeating Republican incumbent Mark Zieman.

References

External links
Senator Mary Jo Wilhelm official Iowa Legislature site
Senator Mary Jo Wilhelm official Iowa General Assembly site
State Senator Mary Jo Wilhelm official constituency site

Living people
Democratic Party Iowa state senators
Women state legislators in Iowa
County supervisors in Iowa
People from Cresco, Iowa
Place of birth missing (living people)
1955 births
21st-century American politicians
21st-century American women politicians


Vivencias (English Experiences) is the twelfth studio album by Mexican pop singer, Ana Gabriel. It was released on 1996. This material was produced by herself.

Track listing
Tracks:
 No Te Hago Falta 05:00
 Es Tarde Ya 04:12
 Sólo Fantasía (Como Imaginar) 05:19
 Yo No Te Dije Adiós 03:55
 Fue en Un Café (Under the Boardwalk) 03:34
 No Sabes 03:52
 Miedo 03:30
 Esta Noche 03:26
 Tú No Te Imaginas 03:44
 Que Haré Sin Ti 03:19
 Under the Boardwalk 03:34

Album Charts

 Note: This release reached the #14 position in Billboard Latin Pop Albums staying for 5 weeks  and it reached the #28 position in the Billboard Top Latin Albums staying for 15 weeks in the chart.

Singles
 No Te Hago Falta reached #12  on Hot Latin Songs.

References

1996 albums
Ana Gabriel albums


Charm School with Ricki Lake is the third and final season of the VH1 reality television series Charm School. Fourteen contestants from Rock of Love Bus with Bret Michaels and Real Chance of Love must change their old ways and learn improvement through acts of charity work. Ricki Lake is the headmistress of the Charm School, and is assisted by deans Alani "La La" Vazquez and Stryker. Ebony Jones (Risky) was ultimately named Charm School Queen and was awarded the $100,000.

Ten Commandments
 Thou Shalt Aspire To Be Charming
 Thou Shalt Be a Model...Citizen
 Thou Shalt Play Nicely With Others
 Thou Shalt Treat Thy Body As a Temple
 Thou Shalt Face Thy Fears
 Thou Shalt Pull It Together
 Thou Shalt Make Love, Not War
 Thou Shalt Give It Thy All
 Thou Shalt Put It To Good Use
 Thou Shalt Be Fully Charmed

Contestants

K.O quit in Episode 6, but it wasn't shown until Episode 7.

Episode progress

Competition.
 The contestant won the competition.
 The contestant was on the Dean's list and was safe from expulsion.
 The contestant was automatically on the Dean's list.
 The contestant was safe from expulsion.
 The contestant was at risk for expulsion.
 The contestant was expelled.
 The contestant quit the competition.
 The contestant was sent to the Headmistress' Office and was immediately expelled before an elimination ceremony.
 The contestant returned to the house temporarily and was a candidate to be brought back into the competition, but was not brought back.

Notes
 In Episode 1, Beverly physically assaulted Brittaney and thus was expelled immediately.
 In Episode 3, despite an expulsion ceremony, no one was expelled due to So Hood and Farrah quitting.
 *In Episode 6, Bay Bay Bay told Ricki that she is willing to give up her slot for someone who needs to be there more than her. At elimination, Ricki had a choice of KO, Risky, or Marcia. She felt the decision was too hard and felt they all needed to be there; She then decided to take up Bay Bay Bay's offer to step down. However, K.O. did not want to see Bay Bay Bay leave on her behalf, so K.O. decided to give up her own Charm School pin so that Bay Bay Bay would not leave. The episode was left on a cliffhanger with elimination unfinished. It wasn't until Episode 7 that it was revealed that K.O. quit Charm School.
 In Episode 7, Bay Bay Bay decided that she wanted to give up her seat to somebody more deserving. Ricki though that was for the best and accepted Bay Bay Bay's withdrawal. However, Bay Bay Bay had to choose her own replacement. Ki Ki and KO were brought back on Bay Bay Bay's request, however she later felt that neither of them deserved to return to Charm School and rejected their return.

List of episodes

 Thou Shalt Aspire To Be Charming (First Aired May 11, 2009)
 Commandment: Thou Shalt Aspire To Be Charming. The girls are asked to donate some of their clothes to charity.
 Bottom 3: Ashley, Brittaney, Gia
 Expelled: Gia
 Can't We All Just Get Along? (First aired May 18, 2009)
 Commandment: Thou Shalt Be a Model... Citizen. Tanya Acker educates the girls on global warming, poverty and overall social responsibility, and they are challenged to clean the Los Angeles River.
 Bottom 3: Ashley, Ki Ki, Marcia
 Expelled: Ki Ki
 If You Can't Play Nice, Don't Play At All (First Aired May 25, 2009)
 Commandment: Thou Shalt Play Nicely With Others. The contestants are challenged to care for elderly people.
 Bottom 3: Brittaney, Brittanya, Bubbles
 Quit: So Hood, Farrah
 Bubble Trouble (First aired June 1, 2009)
 Commandment: Thou Shalt Treat Thy Body As a Temple. Dr. Robert Shapiro explains to the girls how to treat their bodies correctly, and exposes the dangers of smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. They are challenged to help children exercise.
 Bottom 3: Ashley, Brittaney, Marcia
 Expelled: Brittaney
 Fear Factors (First aired June 8, 2009)
 Commandment: Thou Shalt Face Thy Fears. Dr. Allison Arnold asks the girls to reveal their fears, and thus has them participate in group activities in an attempt to liberate them from their fears. They are challenged to face their fears in a haunted hospital (They visited the Linda Vista Community Hospital in Los Angeles).
 Bottom 3: Ashley, Bubbles, Natasha
 Expelled: Natasha
 Thou Shalt Put It Together (First aired June 15, 2009)
 Commandment: Thou Shalt pull it together. The girls are asked about their career goals, why they want to reach these goals, and the first step to reaching them. They are challenged to build a playground for children.
 Bottom 3: K.O., Marcia, Risky
 Withdrew: K.O.
 Of Two Evils, Choose the Less (First aired June 29, 2009)
 Commandment: Thou Shalt Make Love, Not War. Two men from the Museum of Tolerance educate the girls on tolerance of religion, race and sexual orientation. Their challenge is to clean out the dog cages.
 Quit: Bay Bay Bay
 Ride Em Cowgirl (First aired July 6, 2009)
 Commandment: Thou Shalt Give It Thy All. The girls are challenged to earn money for charity by riding a mechanical bull.
 Bottom 3: Ashley, Brittanya, Bubbles
 Eliminated: Bubbles
 The Big (Not So) Easy (First aired July 13, 2009)
 Commandment: Thou Shalt Put It To Good Use. The girls go to New Orleans, Louisiana and face a series of challenges, including building a playground on the basketball court, feeding the homeless, and cleaning a garage.
 Expelled: Brittanya
 The Lost Commandments (First aired July 20, 2009)
 Hosted by La La & Stryker
 Thou Shalt Be Fully Charmed (First aired July 27, 2009)
 Commandment: Thou Shalt Be Fully Charmed. The challenge is TAG (Truth, Amends, Gratitude) with special guests including Dr. Allison Arnold, Marcia's Mother, Risky's Mother, Ashley's Boyfriend and Son.
Final Three: Ashley, Marcia, Risky
Expelled: Ashley, Marcia
Winner: Risky

After the Show
Marcia, Farrah, and Ashley appeared on Rock of Love Girls: Where Are They Now?

Marcia and Bubbles appeared on the cancelled I Love Money 3, where they were believed to have come in last and third respectively.

Marcia and Brittanya appeared on I Love Money 4, coming in fourteenth, and sixth respectively.

References

External links

2000s American reality television series
2009 American television series debuts
2009 American television series endings
American television spin-offs
Reality television spin-offs
VH1 original programming
Television series by 51 Minds Entertainment
English-language television shows

es:Charm School: La Escuelita de los Encantos


Blonder may refer to:

 Blonde and Blonder
 Blonder and Blonder
 Blonder Tongue Audio Baton
 Daryl Blonder (born 1981), actor
 Roger Blonder (born 1967), animator
 Blonder, a Hungarian microbrewery

See also

 Blond


Saint Sinner (full title Clive Barker Presents Saint Sinner) is a 2002 horror television film written by Doris Egan and Hans Rodionoff based on a short story by executive producer Clive Barker. It was directed by Joshua Butler.  Aside from the title, it is unrelated to the comic-book series published by Marvel Comics' Razorline imprint and created by Barker. In this film, an immortal monk hunts down two succubi. It premiered on the U.S. Sci Fi Channel on October 26, 2002.

Plot
In 1815 California, Father Michael, an emissary of Pope Pius VII, has traveled to meet with novice monk Brother Tomas. The young monk's order serves as the secret repository for evil, supernatural objects collected by the Church, and kept there for safekeeping. Michael delivers an ancient statue that has trapped two beautiful female demons, Munkar and Nakir. Tomas and his friend Brother Gregory inadvertently release the murderous demons, who travel to the 21st century using the monastery's Wheel of Time.

As his brother lies dying, he is given a chance to redeem himself by going through the Wheel of Time with a sacred dagger previously used by Saint Nicodemus to imprison the succubi. Tomas reluctantly intends to track down the evil creatures and destroy them. The young monk takes on the task, traveling through the Wheel only to discover a future world he does not understand in present-day Seattle, Washington, where he allies with police detective Rachel Dressler to recapture the homicidal terrors.

While the creatures seek to satisfy their centuries-long hunger, Tomas discovers their first victim. The police arrive on the murder scene and take Tomas into custody, believing he may be involved. Detective Rachel Dressler (Ravera) isn't about to believe Tomas' weird story, but strange things start to happen and bodies begin to pile up. Both Tomas and Rachel soon discover that the only way to stop these horrifying demons will be to take a leap of faith.

Cast
 Greg Serano as Brother Tomas
 Gina Ravera as Detective Rachel Dressler
 Mary Mara	as Munkar
 Rebecca Harrell as Nakir
 William B. Davis as Father Michael
 Antonio Cupo as Brother Gregory
 Jay Brazeau as Abbot
 Simon Wong as Wade
 Boyan Vukelic as Playland Guard
 Brian Drummond as Officer #1
 Peter Bryant as Officer #2
 Lisa Dahling as Officer #3
 Kris Pope as Brother Rafael
 Robin Mossley as Clark
 Donna Yamamoto as Irate Mother
 Justine Wong as Little Girl
 David Thomson as Vince

In other media
The telefilm's title originated with the Barker-created 1993 comic book Saint Sinner from Marvel Comics' Razorline imprint. In Barker's words: "I was always disappointed with the way that Marvel handled that entire line of comics, particularly Saint Sinner. I thought that's a waste of a good title. It was something that called for finding a new life in some way or another".

References

External links

2002 films
2002 television films
2002 horror films
2000s science fiction horror films
American science fiction horror films
Canadian science fiction horror films
Demons in film
English-language Canadian films
Films about Catholic priests
Films about immortality
Films about time travel
Films based on short fiction
Films based on works by Clive Barker
Films directed by Joshua Butler
Films scored by Christopher Lennertz
Films set in 1815
Films set in the 21st century
Films set in California
Films set in Seattle
Films shot in Vancouver
Films with screenplays by Doris Egan
Succubi in film
Syfy original films
2000s American films
2000s Canadian films
2000s English-language films


Hu Zhuangyou (), was a Chinese chemist, educator and former President of Zhejiang University.

Biography
Hu's birth and death years are missing. Hu was born in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province. Hu's courtesy name was Yuruo ().

Hu entered Nanyang Public School (南洋公学; main root of current Shanghai Jiao Tong University) in Shanghai and spent seven years studying there. After graduation, Hu continued to study chemistry in the United States.

From 1913 to 1914, Hu was the president of Zhejiang Advanced College (current Zhejiang University) in Hangzhou. From 1932 to 1936, Hu was a professor of chemistry in the Department of Chemistry of Peking University in Beijing. Hu retired in 1947.

References

External links
 President of Zhejiang University: Hu Zhuangyou (from Zhejiang University)
 The history of the College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University
 Archive of early-period oversea Chinese students from Wuxi

Academic staff of Zhejiang University
Academic staff of Peking University
Chemists from Jiangsu
Educators from Wuxi
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Scientists from Wuxi
Presidents of Zhejiang University
National Chiao Tung University (Shanghai) alumni


Kasey William Kiker (born November 19, 1987) is an American former Minor League Baseball pitcher. He was selected by the Texas Rangers in the first round (12th overall) in the 2006 Major League Baseball Draft. Kiker was also a pitcher for the USA during the 2009 Baseball World Cup.

A top prospect at one time, Kiker struggled in the minor leagues and was released by the Rangers in 2011.

References

External links

1987 births
Living people
People from Phenix City, Alabama
Baseball players from Alabama
Baseball pitchers
Spokane Indians players
Clinton LumberKings players
Bakersfield Blaze players
Myrtle Beach Pelicans players
Frisco RoughRiders players
Rockford RiverHawks players


"Innocent Love" is a 1986 synthpop song performed by German singer Sandra. It was written by Hubert Kemmler, Ulrich Herter, Susanne Müller, and Klaus Hirschburger, and produced by Michael Cretu and Armand Volker. The song was released as the first single from Sandra's second solo album, Mirrors. The single was commercially successful, reaching the top 10 in Norway and France, and the top 20 in Germany and Switzerland.

The music video for the song was directed by DoRo (Rudi Dolezal and Hannes Rossacher). The clip was released on Sandra's VHS video compilations Ten on One (The Singles) and 18 Greatest Hits, released in 1987 and 1992, respectively, as well as the 2003 DVD The Complete History.

A new remix of the song was included on Sandra's 2006 retrospective Reflections.

Formats and track listings
 7" single
A. "Innocent Love" – 3:50
B. "Innocent Theme" – 3:26

 12" single
A. "Innocent Love" (Extended) – 6:47
B. "Innocent Theme" – 3:26

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

References

External links
 "Innocent Love" at Discogs
 The official Sandra YouTube channel

1986 singles
1986 songs
Sandra (singer) songs
Song recordings produced by Michael Cretu
Songs written by Hubert Kemmler
Songs written by Klaus Hirschburger
Virgin Records singles


The Lord Howe fantail (Rhipidura fuliginosa cervina), also known as the Lord Howe Island fantail or fawn-breasted fantail, was a small bird in the fantail family, Rhipiduridae.  It is an extinct subspecies of the New Zealand fantail (Rhipidura fuliginosa).  It was endemic to Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea, part of New South Wales, Australia.

Description

The Lord Howe fantail has sometimes been treated as a full species.  It differed from the other subspecies by its entire underparts being light cinnamon-brown, with a paler throat, lacking the white throat with the dark bar delimiting it from the breast.

Distribution and habitat
The Lord Howe fantail was restricted to Lord Howe Island, where it inhabited the native subtropical rainforest.

Behaviour
The birds were very tame, commonly seen around buildings which they often entered in search of insects.

Breeding
The fantail built a cup-shaped nest, with a rudimentary tail, of decayed wood fibre and grass, bound with cobwebs and lined with fine grass, situated on a horizontal branch.  The clutch was usually three, sometimes two, eggs.

Extinction
The Lord Howe fantail was reported as common in 1909 but disappeared not long after black rats were accidentally introduced to the island with the grounding of the ship SS Makambo there in June 1918.  It was reported in 1924 that the birds were "practically wiped out" and there are no records from subsequent years.  The fantail was only one of a suite of Lord Howe's endemic birds and other fauna exterminated by rat predation.

Notes

References
 Garnett, Stephen T.; & Crowley, Gabriel M. (2000). The Action Plan for Australian Birds 2000. Environment Australia: Canberra.
 Hindwood, K.A. (1940). Birds of Lord Howe Island. Emu 40: 1-86.
 Schodde, R.; & Mason, I.J. (1999). The Directory of Australian Birds: Passerines. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.

Lord Howe fantail
Extinct birds of Lord Howe Island
Bird extinctions since 1500
Lord Howe fantail


Communitas perfecta ("perfect community") or societas perfecta ("perfect society") is the Latin name given to one of several ecclesiological, canonical, and political theories of the Catholic Church. The doctrine teaches that the church is a self-sufficient or independent group which already has all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal (final end) of the universal salvation of mankind. It has historically been used in order to define church–state relations and to provide a theoretical basis for the legislative powers of the church in the philosophy of Catholic canon law.

Communitas perfecta in Aristotle
Its origins can be traced to the Politics of Aristotle, who described the Polis as a whole made of several imperfect parts, i.e. the consummation of natural communities such as the family and the village. The "perfect community" was originally developed as a theory of political society. The most sovereign political organization (the Polis) can attain the end of the community as a whole (happiness) better than any of the subordinate parts of the community (family, village, etc.). Since it can attain its end (telos) by its own powers and the resources within itself, then it is self-sufficient. It is self-sufficiency that is the defining element of the polis.

Scholastic development

The idea of "perfect community" was also present in medieval philosophy. In direct reference to Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas mentions the state (civitas) as a perfect community (communitas perfecta):

Aquinas never referred to the church as a perfect community in his writings. If Aquinas and medieval writers had any notion of communitas perfecta being applied to the church, it was not clearly expressed and was not a clear basis for the societas perfecta theory used in later controversies between church and state.

Popes' uses

Leo XIII, in his encyclical Immortale Dei, explains this teaching in relation to the Catholic Church:

The two perfect societies correspond to two forces, the church and state, Leo XIII further states:

Benedict XV wrote:

Developments in the post-conciliar period
Until the Second Vatican Council, the doctrine of the two perfect societies of Leo XIII was held to be official in theological studies. During the council itself, as well as in the new 1983 Code of Canon Law itself, the doctrine was no longer explicitly mentioned and the Aristotelian "Perfect Community" was all but replaced by the biblical "People of God". In the modern Catholic post-conciliar theology, its discussion is limited to theologians and academics. Its near-abandonment in discourse has proven controversial.

In any event, Pope Paul VI mentioned it and summarized it in the 1969 motu proprio Sollicitudo omnium ecclesiarum on the tasks of the papal legate:

References

Sources
 Listl, Joseph. Church and State in the recent Catholic Church Law, Berlin, 1978

Further reading

 Böckenförde, Ernst-Wolfgang. "State - Society - The Church", in: Writings on the State - Society - Church, III, Freiburg, 1990, p. 113-211

Catholic ecclesiology
Christian theology and politics
Aristotelianism
Political philosophy
Catholic Church legal terminology
Thomistic jurisprudence
Utopian theory


The 1977 Daytona 500, the 19th running of the event, was held on February 20, 1977, as the second race of the 1977 NASCAR Winston Cup Series Season.

First Daytona 500 starts for Janet Guthrie, Ricky Rudd, Ron Hutcherson, Elliott Forbes-Robinson and Bobby Wawak. Only Daytona 500 start for Sam Sommers. Last Daytona 500 starts for Bob Burcham, Terry Ryan, Walter Ballard, Salt Walther, Ramo Stott, Ed Negre, and Jim Hurtubise.

Summary
Cale Yarborough won his second Daytona 500 and it would lead to his second straight Winston Cup title, and Donnie Allison won his second pole position for this event. Janet Guthrie made history at this race as the first female NASCAR Cup Series driver; getting a 12th place finish in the process.

Bobby Wawak bailed out of his car while it was still moving and on fire on lap 3. Seconds later the car slammed the inside wall by the entrance to pit road. Wawak got 15% burns on his body on his face which was second degree, first degree on his hands and one of his legs and was taken to hospital. Chris Economaki who was reporting in the pits for ABC Sports said "The doctors told him if he had fire retardant underwear on (Gloves, socks and a balaclava) he would not be injured at all". Three Time Formula One World Champion Jackie Stewart who was commentating on the race for ABC Sports said "The drivers themselves are negligent, drivers should always wear flame resistant underwear and thermal underwear. The accident we seen today is just typical if your not properly protected".

The race resulted in the first Top 10 finish for Jimmy Means, the final Top 10 finish for Bob Burcham, and the last Top 5 finish for the late Coo Coo Marlin.

Jim Vandiver retired from the NASCAR Winston Cup Series after this race. Richard Petty started the race 7/8 from pit lane in last place. He caught a break with the caution for Wawak's fire then worked his way through the field back into contention only to later blow the engine and drop out. Donnie Allison blew a tire at the start/finish line on lap 88, and was forced to limp into the pits, where his team discovered too much damage had been done, so they pulled the car out of the race.

Defending Daytona 500 David Pearson also had mechanical issues. The Silver Fox led two laps but like Petty, his #21 Purolator Mercury was sidelined with a blown engine before the 3/4 mark. USAC Champ Car racer Salt Walther's last NASCAR Cup start ended in a backstretch crash. A gust of wind caught Walther's self-owned #4 Chevrolet and caused him to lose it triggering a three-car incident that also included Buddy Baker and Dave Marcis. Baker recovered to finish third but Salt was done for the day.

Once Petty and Pearson were gone the race came down to a battle between Cale Yarborough and Benny Parsons that saw Yarborough eventually prevail.

References

NASCAR races at Daytona International Speedway
Daytona 500
Dayton
Daytona 500


Zuber & Cie (officially Manufacture Papiers Peints Zuber et Cie) is a French company that is primarily known for painted wallpaper and fabrics. Zuber claims to be the last factory in the world to produce woodblock-printed wallpapers and furnishing fabrics with a history dating back to 1797.

History
The company's forerunner, Nicholas Dolfus & Cie, was founded in 1790 in Mulhouse, Alsace. Its name changed in 1795, to Hartmann, Risler & Cie. In 1797, it moved to Rixheim, France. In 1802, the company was bought out by Jean Zuber, and its name changed to Zuber & Cie.

The Frederick Post reported that Jean Zuber's wallpapers were so respected that King Louis Philippe honored him with the Legion of Honor in 1834. The award was made for Zuber's exhibit at the French Industrial Exposition of 1834.
For its production, Zuber & Cie uses woodblocks (more than 100,000) engraved as early as the 18th century. Zuber & Cie's panoramic wallpapers include Vues de l'Amérique du Nord, Eldorado, Hindoustan, les Guerres d'Independence, and Isola Bella. Zuber & Cie also produces dado borders, friezes, and ceiling papers, some depicting faux representations of architectural details, drapery, fringe, and tassels. Zuber & Cie has showrooms in Paris and Nice, New York, Los Angeles, London and Dubai.

During the presidency of John F. Kennedy, First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy on recommendation of historian Henry Francis du Pont had an antique copy of the panoramic wallpaper Vues de l'Amérique du Nord, (designed in 1843, per the Zuber et Cie website) installed in the Diplomatic Reception Room of the White House. The wallpaper had been on the walls of a parlor in the Federal period Stoner House in Maryland until 1961 when the house was demolished for a grocery store. Just before the demolition, the wallpaper was salvaged and sold to the White House. As with many 18th century wallpapers, this panorama is designed to be hung above a dado. The formal dining room at the Old Louisiana Governor's Mansion in Baton Rouge, Louisiana is also decorated with the Vue de l'Amérique du Nord.

Controversy
Zuber's panoramic scene Vues de l'Amérique du Nord, has been the subject of at least two protests. In 2020 students and alumnae of the Spence School for girls in New York City protested its use of racist caricatures in its depiction of Black Americans and indigenous Americans.
In 2019, students in a Brown University graduate program wrote to the university, demanding the removal of the wallpaper for the same reasons. The wallpaper had been present in the campus' Nightingale-Brown House since the 1930s.

Gallery

References

 Abbott James A., and Elaine M. Rice. Designing Camelot: The Kennedy White House Restoration. Van Nostrand Reinhold: 1998. .
 Seale, William, The White House: The History of an American Idea. White House Historical Association: 1992, 2001. .
 The White House: An Historic Guide. White House Historical Association and the National Geographic Society: 2001. .

External links

Official website
Zuber & Cie objects in the collection of the Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum
Zuber Wallpaper at the Shakespeare Chateau in St. Joseph, MO

Manufacturing companies of France
Wallpaper manufacturers
Companies based in Grand Est
Manufacturing companies established in 1797
French companies established in 1797


Instructor-led training, or ILT, is the practice of training and learning material between an instructor and learners, either individuals or groups.  Instructors can also be referred to as a facilitator, who may be knowledgeable and experienced in the learning material, but can also be used more for their facilitation skills and ability to deliver material to learners.

Instructors may deliver training in a lecture or classroom format, as an interactive workshop, as a demonstration with the opportunity for learners to practice, or even virtually, using video-conferencing tools; and the instructor may have facilitation and teaching skills, in which they can use different methods to engage learners and embrace different learning styles.

Other learning delivery methods include e-learning which delivers self-paced courses online, and blended learning which mixes instructor-led and e-learning elements.

Use and effectiveness

Instructor-led training represents overall 66% of corporate training and development; it reaches 76% in high-performing companies and 80% in high-consequence industries (healthcare industry, pharmaceutical industry, finance, utilities, etc.). It is also the most widely-used method for extended enterprise training, which trains customers and partners, with an 80% usage rate. In the UK, one in three companies who use e-learning currently deliver more than three-quarters of their training and development activities completely through face-to-face experiences.

The primary reason why human resources departments prefer instructor-led training is its high effectiveness in terms of knowledge retention: in a survey rating every training and development delivery format, in-person instructor-led classrooms are in third position, with 3.63 out of 5, whereas e-learning modules are in seventh position, with a grade of 3.05 out of 5.

ILT is an effective means of delivering information, as it allows for real-time feedback, questions and answers, manipulation and changeable delivery to suit the needs of learners in a real-time environment, and a learning environment can be created by the instructor's style.

Managing instructor-led training

Although instructor-led training dominates the market in terms of use because of its effectiveness, it tends to be a costlier learning delivery method. Hiring an instructor, renting or maintaining facilities, providing hands-on tools, travel, food, and boarding can push companies on a tight budget. Additionally, classroom occupancy rates and resource use are not always maximized.

This is why streamlining logistics, scheduling and administration, managing resources, and optimizing the budget are key in managing instructor-led training. Organizations such as corporate training departments, corporate university as well as training companies generally manage this through a core enterprise resource planning (ERP) such as a training management system.

The training management system optimizes ILT management by streamlining every aspect of the training process: planning (training plan and budget forecasting), logistics (scheduling and resource management), financials (cost tracking, profitability), reporting, and sales for for-profit training providers. For example, a training management system can be used to schedule instructors, venues and equipment through graphical agendas, optimize resource use, create a training plan and track remaining budgets, generate reports and share data between different teams.

While training management systems focus on managing instructor-led training, they can complete an LMS. In this situation, an LMS will manage e-learning delivery and assessment, while a training management system will manage ILT and back-office budget planning, logistic and reporting.

Recent trends

Recently, there have been many trends in modernizing and optimizing instructor-led training through educational technology.

Instructor-led training can be delivered within a classroom or remotely through a virtual classroom, in which case it is called virtual instructor-led training. Instructor and learners are in different locations, and a classroom environment is replicated through online tools. This type of training can be delivered synchronously or asynchronously.

Instructor-led training can also be combined with e-learning in a blended learning scenario to achieve a maximum effectiveness. In this case, some of the training is delivered live while online courses serve as refreshers between sessions. A growing type of blended learning is called the flipped classroom model, where students acquire information by watching lectures online and then engage in problem-solving, discussion and group activities in class.

Training within the classroom can be also enhanced through a range of technology and collaborative tools such as video software and system to access content during the class.

Lastly, instructor-led training back office management can be optimized through dedicated software which streamline all processes (scheduling, logistics, costs and budget management, administration, reporting, etc.) such as a training management system. This allows training organizations to improve the efficiency of their ILT and optimize their training budget.

References

External links
3 Reasons Why Instructor-led Training Is Here To Stay Article By TrainSMART, Inc.
Technology-enabled learning: more than e-learning - Part 1: What does technology-enabled Instructor-Led Training Management look like? Article by Stephane Pineau, published in Training and Development Excellence Essentials

Training
Educational technology
Learning
Pedagogy


Like This is the third studio album by the American power pop band the dB's, released in 1984 via Bearsville Records. The band recorded as a trio following the departure of Chris Stamey. The album includes a re-mixed version of "Amplifier", the lead single from their previous album, Repercussion.

The album's cover is a collection of stills from the music video for their 1982 single "Neverland", which went unreleased until 2008. Stamey, who was present for the video shoot, was edited out of the stills adorning the cover.

Critical reception

Trouser Press called the album "an instantly lovable gem," writing that "although the reliance on [Peter] Holsapple’s songwriting cut down on the band’s eccentricities, unpretentious intelligence, wit and ineffable pop smarts make it a wonderful album with no weak spots or inadequate songs." The Chicago Tribune deemed it a "minor pop masterpiece." The New York Times wrote that the Stamey-less songs "are less crammed with melodic and verbal ideas than earlier dB's material. They also sound more integrated and less like strings of pop quotations." The Sun Sentinel thought that "the weakness here (and probably what sank it on radio) is the strained vocals."

Track listing
All tracks composed by Peter Holsapple
 "Love Is for Lovers"
 "She Got Soul"
 "Spitting in the Wind"
 "Lonely Is (As Lonely Does)"
 "Not Cool"
 "Amplifier"
 "A Spy in the House of Love"
 "Rendezvous"
 "New Gun in Town"
 "On the Battlefront"
 "White Train"

CD bonus tracks
"Darby Hall"
 "A Spy in the House of Love" (Extended Version)

Personnel
Peter Holsapple – rhythm guitar, lead vocals, keyboards, mandolin
Gene Holder – bass guitar, lead guitar, keyboards
Will Rigby – drums, backing vocals, keyboards, co-lead vocals on "Not Cool" and "White Train"

Additional musicians
Mark Tomeo – Pedal steel guitar
Patrick Irwin – Keyboards
Rick Wagner – Keyboards
Phil Marino – design, photography

References

1984 albums
The dB's albums
Bearsville Records albums
Rhino Records albums
Albums produced by Chris Butler (musician)
Albums produced by Scott Litt


Malkajgiri Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 17 Lok Sabha (lower house of the Indian Parliament) constituencies in the Indian state of Telangana. This constituency came into existence in 2008, following the implementation of delimitation of parliamentary constituencies based on the recommendations of the Delimitation Commission of India constituted in 2002.

As of 2019, Malkajgiri is the largest Lok Sabha constituency by number of electors with 3,150,303. It first held elections in 2009 as a constituency of the South Indian state of Andhra Pradesh and its first member of parliament (MP) was Sarvey Sathyanarayana of the Indian National Congress. The new state of Telangana was created in 2014 by the implementation of the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014 and this constituency became part of it. From 2014-2019, its MP was Malla Reddy who represented the Telugu Desam Party at the election. In 2016, Malla Reddy switched parties to represent the Telangana Rashtra Samithi. The current MP of Malkajgiri is Revanth Reddy who represents the Indian National Congress.

Assembly segments
Malkajgiri Lok Sabha constituency comprises the following seven Legislative Assembly segments:

Members of Parliament

Election results

2019

General election 2014

General election 2009

See also
 Rangareddy district
 Ladakh Lok Sabha constituency
 Lakshadweep Lok Sabha constituency
 List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha

References

External links
 Malkajgiri lok sabha  constituency election 2019 date and schedule

Lok Sabha constituencies in Telangana
Ranga Reddy district


ICAO performance-based navigation (PBN) specifies that aircraft required navigation performance (RNP) and area navigation (RNAV) systems performance requirements be defined in terms of accuracy, integrity, availability, continuity, and functionality required for the proposed operations in the context of a particular airspace, when supported by the appropriate navigation infrastructure.

Description

Historically, aircraft navigation specifications have been specified directly in terms of sensors (navigation beacons and/or waypoints). A navigation specification that includes an additional requirement for on-board navigation performance monitoring and alerting is referred to as a required navigation performance (RNP) specification. One not having such requirements is referred to as an area navigation (RNAV) specification.

Performance requirements are identified in navigation specifications, which also identify the choice of navigation sensors and equipment that may be used to meet the performance requirements. The navigation specifications provide specific implementation guidance in order to facilitate global harmonisation.

Under PBN, generic navigation requirements are first defined based on the operational requirements. Civil aviation authorities then evaluate options in respect of available technology and navigation services. A chosen solution would be the most cost-effective for the civil aviation authority, as opposed to a solution being established as part of the operational requirements. Technology can evolve over time without requiring the operation itself to be revisited as long as the requisite performance is provided by the RNAV or RNP system.

PBN offers a number of advantages over the sensor-specific method of developing airspace and obstacle clearance criteria:
 reduces the need to maintain sensor-specific routes and procedures, and their costs. For example, moving a single VOR can impact dozens of procedures, as a VOR can be used  on routes, VOR approaches, missed approaches, etc. Adding new sensor-specific procedures would compound this cost, and the rapid growth in available navigation systems would soon make sensor-specific routes and procedures unaffordable;
 avoids the need for developing sensor-specific operations with each new evolution of navigation systems, which would be cost-prohibitive. The expansion of satellite navigation services is expected to contribute to the continued diversity of RNP and RNAV systems in different aircraft. The original basic global navigation satellite system (GNSS) equipment is evolving due to the development of augmentations such as satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS), ground-based augmentation systems (GBAS) and ground-based regional augmentation systems (GBAS), while the introduction of Galileo and the modernisation of the United States' Global Positioning System (GPS) and the Russian Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) will further improve GNSS performance. The use of GNSS/inertial integration is also expanding;
 allows for more efficient use of airspace (route placement, fuel efficiency and noise mitigation);
 clarifies how RNAV systems are used; and
 facilitates the operational approval process for civil aviation authorities by providing a limited set of navigation specifications intended for global use.

Within an airspace, PBN requirements will be affected by the communication, surveillance and air traffic control (ATC) environments, the navaid infrastructure and functional and operational capability needed to meet the ATM application. PBN performance requirements also depend on what reversion, non-RNAV means of navigation are available and what degree of redundancy is required to ensure adequate continuity of operations.

To achieve the efficiency and capacity gains partially enabled by RNAV and RNP, the FAA will pursue use of data communications and enhanced surveillance functionality.

Background
Area navigation techniques and specifications started to evolve regionally without overall ICAO guidance. This consequently meant that terms and definitions such as "RNAV" and "RNP" had slightly different meanings in different regions of the world, and even other terms could be used locally. An example of this is the term "P-RNAV" (Precision RNAV) that Europe still uses (2019), which elsewhere is called "RNAV 1".

The terms RNAV and RNP was earlier used with little functional difference. RNP required a certain level of performance but made no attempt to define how it was to be guaranteed.

Performance-based navigation (PBN) is ICAO's initiative to standardise terminology, specifications and meanings. One example is to standardise the terminology used around APVs (Approaches with vertical guidance). All APVs have until recently been designated as RNAV-approaches, while these in fact are RNP-approaches with respect to the PBN implementation. All APVs require on-board performance monitoring and alerting, so the system cannot only be capable of navigation down to the required degree of accuracy, but also needs to continuously monitor the performance and be capable of alerting the pilot if its performance falls below that which is required.

These approaches had some confusing names and designations on charts, and the changeover is currently being conducted across all member states. The two types of RNAV-approaches have traditionally been named RNAV (GNSS) and RNAV (RNP) respectively, where the former is the traditional straight-in approach from the final approach fix, and the latter is a more complex approach that curves in the horizontal plane after the final approach fix which requires authorization for it to be commenced (AR = Authorization Required). The correct naming and designation for these approaches under the PBN implementation are RNP and RNP AR respectively. The images to the right show the naming of the current charts being used, and what they will look like under PBN.

Impact on airspace planning
When separation minima and route spacing are determined using a conventional sensor-based approach, the navigation performance data used to determine the separation minima or route spacing depend on the accuracy of the raw data from specific navigation aids such as VOR, DME or NDB. In contrast, PBN requires an RNAV system that integrates raw navigation data to provide a positioning and navigation solution. In determining separation minima and route spacing, this integrated navigation performance "output" is used.

The navigation performance required from the RNAV system is part of the navigation specification. To determine separation minima and route spacing, airspace planners fully exploit that part of the navigation specification which describes the performance required from the RNAV system. Airspace planners also make use of the required performance (accuracy, integrity, availability and continuity) to determine route spacing and separation minima.

In procedurally controlled airspace, separation minima and route spacing on RNP specifications are expected to provide a greater benefit than those based on RNAV specifications. This is because the on-board performance monitoring and alerting function could alleviate the absence of ATS surveillance service by providing an alternative means of risk mitigation.

Transition to PBN
It is expected that all future RNAV and RNP applications will identify the navigation requirements through the use of performance specifications rather than defining specific navigation sensors.

The Valley of Mexico will be the first in Mexico where the performance-based navigation system is used, which will allow the new Felipe Ángeles International Airport, the Mexico City International Airport, and the Toluca International Airport to operate simultaneously without the operations of one impeding those of the others.

Scope
For legacy reasons associated with the previous RNP concept, PBN is currently limited to operations with linear lateral performance requirements and time constraints. For this reason, operations with angular lateral performance requirements (i.e. approach and landing operations with GNSS vertical guidance—approach procedure with vertical guidance APV-I and APV-II), as well as instrument landing system (ILS) and microwave landing system (MLS) are not considered.  Unlike the lateral monitoring and obstacle clearance, for barometric VNAV systems there is neither alerting on vertical error nor is there a two-times relationship between a 95% required total system accuracy and the performance limit. Therefore, barometric VNAV is not considered vertical RNP.

On-board performance monitoring and alerting
On-board performance monitoring and alerting is the main element that determines whether a navigation system complies with the required safety level associated with an RNP application. It relates to both lateral and longitudinal navigation performance; and it allows the aircrew to detect that the navigation system is not achieving, or cannot guarantee with 10−5 integrity, the navigation performance required for the operation.

RNP systems provide improvements on the integrity of operations. This may permit closer route spacing and can provide sufficient integrity to allow only RNAV systems to be used for navigation in a specific airspace. The use of RNP systems may therefore offer significant safety, operational and efficiency benefits.

On-board performance monitoring and alerting capabilities fulfill two needs, one on board the aircraft and one within the airspace design. The assurance of airborne system performance is implicit for RNAV operations. Based upon existing airworthiness criteria, RNAV systems are only required to demonstrate intended function and performance using explicit requirements that are broadly interpreted. The result is that while the nominal RNAV system performance can be very good, it is characterised by the variability of the system functionality and related flight performance. RNP systems provide a means to minimise variability and assure reliable, repeatable and predictable flight operations.

On-board performance monitoring and alerting allow the air crew to detect whether or not the RNP system satisfies the navigation performance required in the navigation specification. On-board performance monitoring and alerting relate to both lateral and longitudinal navigation performance.

On-board performance monitoring and alerting is concerned with the performance of the area navigation system.
 "on-board" explicitly means that the performance monitoring and alerting is affected on board the aircraft and not elsewhere, e.g. using a ground-based route adherence monitor or ATC surveillance. The monitoring element of on-board performance monitoring and alerting relates to flight technical error (FTE) and navigation system error (NSE). Path definition error (PDE) is constrained through database integrity and functional requirements on the defined path, and is considered negligible.
 "monitoring" refers to the monitoring of the aircraft's performance as regards its ability to determine positioning error and/or to follow the desired path.
 "alerting" relates to the monitoring: if the aircraft's navigation system does not perform well enough, this will be alerted to the air crew.

RNAV and RNP specific functions

Performance-based flight operations are based on the ability to assure reliable, repeatable and predictable flight paths for improved capacity and efficiency in planned operations. The implementation of performance-based flight operations requires not only the functions traditionally provided by the RNAV system, but also may require specific functions to improve procedures, and airspace and air traffic operations. The system capabilities for established fixed radius paths, RNAV or RNP holding, and lateral offsets fall into this category.

Fixed radius paths

Fixed radius paths (FRP) take two forms:
 the radius to fix (RF) leg type is one of the leg types that should be used when there is a requirement for a specific curved path radius in a terminal or approach procedure. The RF leg is defined by radius, arc length and fix. RNP systems supporting this leg type provide the same ability to conform to the track-keeping accuracy during the turn as in straight line segments. Bank angle limits for different aircraft types and winds aloft are taken into account in procedure design.
 the fixed radius transition (FRT) is intended to be used in en-route procedures. These turns have two possible radii, 22.5 NM for high altitude routes (above FL195) and 15 NM for low altitude routes. Using such path elements in an RNAV route enables improvement in airspace usage through closely spaced parallel routes.

Fly-by turns
Fly-by turns are a key characteristic of an RNAV flight path. The RNAV system uses information on aircraft speed, bank angle, wind and track angle change to calculate a flight path turn that smoothly transitions from one path segment to the next. However, because the parameters affecting the turn radius can vary from one plane to another, as well as due to changing conditions in speed and wind, the turn initiation point and turn area can vary.

Holding pattern
The RNAV system facilitates the holding pattern specification by allowing the definition of the inbound course to the holding waypoint, turn direction and leg time or distance on the straight segments, as well as the ability to plan the exit from the hold. For RNP systems, further improvement in holding is available. These RNP improvements include fly-by entry into the hold, minimising the necessary protected airspace on the non-holding side of the holding pattern, consistent with the RNP limits provided. Where RNP holding is applied, a maximum of RNP 1 is suggested since less stringent values adversely affect airspace usage and design.

Offset flight path
RNAV systems may provide the capability for the flight crew to specify a lateral offset from a defined route. Generally, lateral offsets can be specified in increments of 1 NM up to 20 NM. When a lateral offset is activated in the RNAV system, the RNAV aircraft will depart the defined route and typically intercept the offset at a 45° or less angle. When the offset is cancelled, the aircraft returns to the defined route in a similar manner. Such offsets can be used both strategically i.e. fixed offset for the length of the route, or tactically i.e. temporarily. Most RNAV systems discontinue offsets in the terminal area or at the beginning of an approach procedure, at an RNAV hold, or during course changes of 90° or greater.

Minimum navigation performance specifications
Aircraft operating in the North Atlantic airspace are required to meet a minimum navigation performance specification (MNPS). The MNPS specification has intentionally been excluded from PBN because of its mandatory nature and because future MNPS implementations are not envisaged.

Future developments
It is likely that navigation applications will progress from 2-dimensional to 3-dimensional/4-dimensional applications, although time-scales and operational requirements are currently difficult to determine. Consequently, on-board performance monitoring and alerting is still to be developed in the vertical plane (vertical RNP) and ongoing work is aimed at harmonising longitudinal and linear performance requirements. Angular performance requirements associated with approach and landing will be included in the scope of PBN in the future. Similarly, specifications to support helicopter-specific navigation and holding functional requirements may also be included.

References

External links
 Boeing. Operational Benefits of Performance-Based Navigation 2008.

Federal Aviation Administration
Air navigation
Electronic navigation


Lawrence Cheng Tan-shui (born 28 December 1954) is a Hong Kong film actor, director, screenwriter, producer, and master of ceremonies. He was a Hong Kong DJ and radio channel executive.

Cheng became famous after he created the radio drama series The Yuppie Fantasia (小男人週記) in 1986 which he also starred in. In 1989, he starred in the film adaptation of the series which was directed by Gordon Chan and became a box office hit.

Early life
Cheng was born in Hong Kong on 27 November 1954. His ancestral hometown is Huizhou (惠州市), Guangdong Province. Having attended secondary school in St. Paul's College, he went to the Baptist College, the top broadcasting school in Hong Kong, and graduated in 1978.

Acting career
Lawrence Cheng brought his comical slightly nerdish and slightly fantasia film persona into films since the mid-80s. He has acted in mainly comedy films over the next ten years and a few drama films. He occasionally wore more than one hat like other Hong Kong actors.

After graduating from the Baptist College in 1978, Cheng immediately joined RTV in which he worked on numerous popular television series. He later joined ATV and became a Creative Director. His career path changed from a TV personal to a radio producer and DJ in 1984 when he joined RTHK. In 1987, he made his return to television industry and joined TVB. In TVB, he was a variety show host, and acted in many dramas.

His film career started in 1980, however he was not yet well known til he starred in The Yuppie Fantasia in 1989, which was a box office hit grossing out US$2 million. Aside from being an actor, he is also a director, producer and screenwriter.

Cheng currently hosts variety shows as a freelancer for TVB, ATV, now TV Hong Kong Channel, feature Race Meetings and Events for The Hong Kong Jockey Club and acts in a few dramas. He acts as supporting actor in Hong Kong films.

In January 2011, he suffered a burst lung whilst playing football.

Filmography

Films

TVB dramas

ViuTV dramas

Shaw Brother dramas

Television Shows

See also
 Cinema of Hong Kong

References

External links

 Hong Kong Cinemagic: Lawrence Cheng Tan Shui

1954 births
Hong Kong male film actors
Hong Kong film directors
Hong Kong film producers
Hong Kong screenwriters
Living people
Hong Kong male television actors
20th-century Hong Kong male actors
21st-century Hong Kong male actors
Alumni of Hong Kong Baptist University


Tsakli (also “tsakalis”) are Tibetan Buddhist miniature paintings, normally produced as thematic groups or sets, which are used in rituals as initiation cards, and in the training of monks. Examples of this miniature art are also known from Mongolia.

Subjects

The subjects found on tsakli are similar to the better known larger Tibetan thangka scroll paintings on cloth, but much simpler, usually showing only a single deity, or a pair. The subjects are usually deities or ritual objects and offerings associated with these deities are represented on the tsaklis. Occasionally, Tibetan inscriptions on the backside can identify the subjects which are painted on the front.

Ritual use of tsakli

Tsakli are normally painted in sets which can comprise from six to nearly 100 small paintings of similar subjects and are used as offerings in temples or in rituals. For example, before the construction of a temple is begun, the area can be marked with tsakli representing protective deities. In such cases, they are mounted on small wooden sticks. Similarly, tsakli can be used by a Buddhist lama to remove evil influences from a sick person, from a tree which does not bear fruit, or grain which is going to be threshed. A tsakli can also be placed in a portable shrine or box (Tibetan “gau”) and carried to provide protection to travelers or pilgrims who wear the gau around their neck or on a shoulder strap.

Materials

The majority of tsakli are painted on cloth (like most of the tangkas) or cardboard. There exist also tsakli which are printed from woodblocks on cloth or paper. Larger sets of tsakli are kept between two wooden covers in a similar manner as pages of Tibetan books are protected.

Bibliography

Li, Juan: Tibetan Ritual Miniature Paintings, March 17, 1995 http://www.asianart.com/li/li.html#fnt1
Karmey, Samten Gyaltsen: The Secret Visions of the Fifth Dalai Lama, The Gold Manuscript in the Fournier Collection Musée Guimet, Paris. Serindia Publications, Second edition, London, 1998 (Numerous tsakli are represented in ritual context in the illustrations of “The Secret Visions” of the Fifth Dalai Lama).
Olson. Eleanor: Catalogue of the Tibetan collection and other Lamaist Material in the Newark Museum, vol. III, Newark, 1971, p. 72.
Stein, R.A.: “Trente-trois fiches de divination tibétaines”. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 4 (1), 1939, p. 297-371.
Hummel, Andries: Gods, demons and protectors. Tsaklis and other miniatures from Tibet and Mongolia, Cloud Press Delft, Delft, 2018, ; 178 pages (This book deals with a large variety of tsaklis from a private collection, with a few hundred reproductions)

References

Tibetan Buddhist art and culture
Tibetan painting


Pierre Alonzo (born 23 March 1940) is a French former footballer who played as a midfielder for Aïn-Temouchent, Avellaneda, Perpignan, Red Star, Cannes and Rapid de Menton.

He coached Saint-Tropez, Paris Saint-Germain, Bordeaux, Périgueux and Nice.

His son is goalkeeper Jérôme Alonzo.

References

External links
 Player profile

1940 births
Living people
People from Meknes
Men's association football midfielders
French men's footballers
Moroccan emigrants to France
Red Star F.C. players
AS Cannes players
French football managers
Paris Saint-Germain F.C. managers
OGC Nice managers
French people of Spanish descent


The Sound of Music is an album by American power pop group The dB's, released in 1987 on I.R.S. Records.

The album peaked at No. 171 on the Billboard 200.

All songs were written by Peter Holsapple with the exception of "Feel Alright," which is a cover of a Cargoe song.

Production
The Sound of Music was produced by Greg Edward. Van Dyke Parks and Benmont Tench contributed piano, organ, and synthesizer to the album.

Critical reception
Trouser Press wrote: "The Sound of Music finds the dB’s continuing in the style of Like This, with similarly fine results. The country elements reappear on 'Bonneville' (complete with fiddles and mandolins), 'Never Before and Never Again' (a brilliant [Peter] Holsapple duet with Syd Straw) and 'Looked at the Sun Too Long,' which could easily be mistaken for a Gram Parsons tune." The Washington Post wrote that "without the counterpoint provided by [Chris] Stamey's more adventurous songs, Holsapple's full-bodied but conventional tunes have drifted toward the insipid." The Rolling Stone Album Guide called the album "polished" but "not entirely convincing." The Spin Alternative Record Guide called it "catchy but complacent."

Track listing
 "Never Say When"
 "Change with the Changing Times"
 "I Lie"
 "Molly Says"
 "Bonneville"
 "Any Old Thing"
 "Think Too Hard"
 "Working for Somebody Else"
 "Never Before and Never Again"
 "A Better Place"
 "Looked at the Sun Too Long"
 "Today Could Be the Day"

CD bonus tracks
"Feel Alright"
 "Sharon"

Lineup
Peter Holsapple - lead vocals, rhythm guitar, mandolin
Gene Holder - lead guitar
Will Rigby - drums, backing vocals
Jeff Beninato - bass, backing vocals

Guest Musicians
Benmont Tench - organ, synthesizers
Jane Scarpantoni - cello
Jeremy Smith - french horn
Van Dyke Parks - piano, synthesizers
Lisa Germano - violin
Syd Straw - co-lead vocals on "Never Before and Never Again"

Technical
Greg Edward - producer, mixer
Jeff Poe - assistant mixer
Dave Wolk - engineer
Spike Wolk - engineer
Andy Udoff - assistant engineer
Stephen Marcussen - mastering

References

1987 albums
I.R.S. Records albums
The dB's albums


Ákos Seper (born 22 July 1979, in Hungary) is a Hungarian football player.

References
playerhistory

1979 births
Living people
Hungarian men's footballers
Hungarian expatriate men's footballers
Szombathelyi Haladás footballers
Aris Limassol FC players
APEP FC players
Digenis Akritas Morphou FC players
Omonia Aradippou players
Cypriot First Division players
Cypriot Second Division players
Expatriate men's footballers in Cyprus
Men's association football defenders


Orlow may refer to:

 Orlow language, a nearly extinct Australian Aboriginal language
 Orlow W. Chapman (1832–1890), American politician and lawyer
 Orlow Seunke (born 1952), Dutch director and screenwriter

See also

 Orłów (disambiguation)


Oda Jaune (born Michaela Danowska, Michaela Danovska, ; 13 November 1979 in Sofia, Bulgaria) is a Bulgarian painter.

From 1998 to 2003, she studied in the class of Jörg Immendorff at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf.

In 2012, she won the Pierre Cardin Prize in the category "Best Painter". In 2003, the second prize of the Emprise Art Award.

Personal life
Jaune married in July 2000 her professor Jörg Immendorff and had a daughter on 13 August 2001. It was her husband Immendorff who invented the pseudonym Oda Jaune.

Career
Oda Jaune's work has featured in a variety of exhibitions in Europe and the USA, including Musée des Beaux-Arts de Dôle (2017), Musée d'Art Moderne et Contemporain de Saint-Etienne (2016), Musée Départemental d'Art Contemporain de Rochechouart (2015), Musée Rops de Namur (2011), and La Maison Rouge, Paris and me Collectors room, Berlin (2011). In 2018, the National Art Gallery in Sofia, Bulgaria, held a major retrospective of her work, Heartland, with a catalogue published in September 2019 by Hatje Cantz.

Since 2009 she is represented by Galerie Templon in Paris and Brussels.

Exhibitions

Solo exhibitions (selection)
2019

Hands, Seen, Antwerpen, Belgium

Beyond Gravity, Galerie Templon, Paris, France

2018

Heartland, National Gallery of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria

2017

Paintings and Sculptures, Galerie Daniel Templon, Brussels, Belgium

2016

Blue Skies, Galerie Daniel Templon, Paris, France

2015

Masks, Galerie Daniel Templon, Paris, France

2011

Confrontation Félicien Rops - Oda Jaune, Musée Félicien Rops, Namur, Belgium

2010

Once in a Blue Moon, Galerie Daniel Templon, Paris, France

2009

May You See Rainbows, Galerie Daniel Templon, Paris, France

2007

Fondazione Mudima, Milan, Italy

2004

Kunsthalle Koblenz, Koblenz, Germany

Publications
 Oda Jaune, Oda Jaune, Kunsthalle Koblenz, Solo exhibition catalogue, April 2004
 Oda Jaune, Paintings, Galerie Davide Di Maggio Berlin, essay by Gesine Borcherdt, Solo exhibition catalogue, September 2006
 Oda Jaune, Il mistero buffo della pittura, Fondazione Mudima Milano, essay by Achille Bonito Oliva, Solo exhibition catalogue, May 2007
 The Bearable Lightness of Being - The Metaphor of the Space, La Biennale di Venezia, 11. Mostra Internazionale di Architettura, September 2008
 Oda Jaune, May You See Rainbows, Galerie Daniel Templon, essay by Catherine Millet, Solo exhibition catalogue, February 2009
 Oda Jaune, First Water, 100 watercolors, Hatje Cantz, essay by Robert Fleck, October 2010
 Oda Jaune, Once on a Blue Moon, Galerie Daniel Templon, essay by Judicaël Lavrador, Solo exhibition catalogue, November 2010

References

External links

1979 births
Bulgarian painters
Living people
Bulgarian women painters
Artists from Sofia
Bulgarian emigrants to Germany
21st-century women artists


Nowhere Left to Hide is the debut studio album by Australian rock band Juke Kartel, released through Emporium Music on 3 April 2009. The title of the album comes from lyrics in the song "Then She Said".

Live performances
On 27 March 2009, Juke Kartel commenced their Nowhere Left to Hide national tour. They were supported by Town Hall Steps and Stone Parade. They also performed at the Gippsland emergency relief concert, to support victims of the February 2009 Victorian bushfires, along with Evermore, Adam Brand and Lee Kernaghan.

Singles
The first single released from the album was "Save Me", on 4 October 2008. A music video was shot in New York City and has been shown on Channel V and Video Hits. The song was featured in an episode of The Biggest Loser 5 in the United States. The second single released was "December" on 10 January 2009. "If Only" was the third single released on 3 April 2009. The song was released in conjunction with Nowhere Left to Hide, to radio and as a digital download. On 27 March, Juke Kartel performed an acoustic version of "If Only" on Channel Ten.

Track listing
 "Save Me" - 3:44
 "Throw It Away" - 3:06
 "December" - 4:21
 "If Only" - 3:42
 "Innocence" - 3:51
 "My Baby" - 3:44
 "Sleeptalker" - 5:27
 "The Closer We Get" - 3:39
 "Scars" - 3:32
 "Then She Said" - 3:59
 "On Fire" - 4:17
 "Firesign" - 4:47

Charts

References

2009 albums
Juke Kartel albums


This Is Alice is an American situation comedy starring nine-year-old Patty Ann Gerrity. The program aired in first-run syndication from October 1958 to August 1959, distributed by the NTA Film Network.

Synopsis
Alice Holliday is a precocious nine-year-old girl who lives in the fictional town of River Glen, Georgia (although some sources say the show was set in River Glen, New Jersey). Alice is bright and bubbly and she means well, but no matter how well-intentioned she is, her efforts always seem to backfire, leading to comic adventures and making her the female equivalent and precursor of Dennis the Menace.

Alice's father, Chet Holliday, is a newspaperman. Her mother is Clarissa Mae Holliday, and her grandfather, a former Georgia peanut farmer, is known as "The Colonel." Alice attends River Glen Elementary School, where her best friend is Sally and she also is friends with "Soapy" Weaver — a frequent co-conspirator in her adventures — and Susan Gray.

Cast
Alice Holliday...Patty Ann Gerrity
Clarissa Mae Holliday...Phyllis Coates
Chester ‘Chet’ Holliday...Tommy Farrell
Sally...Kathy Garver
Clarence ‘Soapy’ Weaver...Stephen Wootton
The Colonel...Lucien Littlefield
Susan Gray...Nancy DeCarl

Production
This Is Alice was produced by National Telefilm Associates and filmed at Desilu Productions. Sidney Salkow created, produced, and directed the series. Production of the series halted in mid-1959.

Kathy Garver,played Sally, later appeared on Family Affair.

Broadcast history
Thirty-nine episodes were produced. The series ran in first-run syndication from October 1958 to August 1959. Previously broadcast episodes continued to air as late as July 1961.

Episode status
All 39 episodes are held by the UCLA Film and Television Archive.

Episodes

References

External links

This Is Alice opening credits on YouTube

1958 American television series debuts
1959 American television series endings
1950s American sitcoms
Black-and-white American television shows
English-language television shows
First-run syndicated television programs in the United States
Television series by CBS Studios
Television shows set in Georgia (U.S. state)
Television series by Desilu Productions