James Allanson Picton (8 August 1832 – 4 February 1910) was a British independent minister, author, philosopher and Liberal politician. Picton promoted a philosophy known as Christian pantheism.

Life
Picton was born at Liverpool, the eldest son of Sir James Allanson Picton and his wife Sarah Pooley. His father was an architect and supporter of the Liverpool Free Library. He was educated at the High School, and at the Mechanics' Institute and joined his father's architectural practice at the age of 16. Three years later he decided to study for the ministry and joined the Lancashire Independent College and Owens College, Manchester. He achieved a first in classics and in 1855 was awarded MA at the University of London.

In spite of allegations of heresy, in 1856, he was appointed to Cheetham Hill congregational church at Manchester. There he gave a course of popular lectures to the working classes, but one of his sermons revived the allegation of heresy and in 1862 he went to Gallowtree Gate chapel, Leicester. In 1869 he became pastor of St. Thomas's Square chapel, Hackney where he upset orthodox members by delivering lectures on secular themes such as English history and the principles of radical and conservative politics on Sunday afternoons to the working classes. He remained at Hackney until 1879. He wrote much in the press and published many sermons, pamphlets, and volumes on religion and politics.

Picton started to take an active part in public life as an uncompromising radical. He represented Hackney on the London School Board from 1870 to 1879 and was  chairman of the school management committee for three years. In 1883 he was chosen as a radical candidate for  Tower Hamlets but in June 1884 he stood instead at a by-election for Leicester. He was elected Member of Parliament to succeed Peter Alfred Taylor, most of whose opinions he shared. He retained the seat in the following elections and resigned from the House of Commons in 1894. He was very small in stature, but possessing good oratorical powers, and retaining the manner of the pulpit, he always won the ear of the House of Commons, where he was known as a sincere advocate of extreme views.

After his retirement, Picton built Caerlyr Hall at Penmaenmawr, North Wales in about 1896 (the name Caerlyr means City of Leicester in Welsh).  William Ewart Gladstone was said to have been a friend of Picton and visited the area frequently. Picton died at Caerlyr Hall aged 77.

Picton married firstly Margaret Beauont, daughter of John Beaumont of Manchester; and secondly Jessie Carr Williams, daughter of Sydney Williams a publisher. He had four sons.

Pantheism

Picton was a disciple of Spinoza and authored Pantheism: Its Story and Significance, in 1905. Picton was a proponent of Christian pantheism which was termed "the religion of the universe". In his book The Mystery of Matter, Picton considered the universe as a manifestation of an infinite energy with the God of Christianity as substantially identical.

Publications
From 1879 to 1884 he wrote leaders in the Weekly Dispatch, then an advanced radical organ, and contributed to the Christian World, The Theological Review, the Contemporary Review, Macmillan's Magazine, the Examiner, and other periodicals.

His books included :
 A Catechism of the Gospels, 1866.
 New Theories and the Old Faith, 1870
 The Mystery of Matter, 1873
 The Religion of Jesus, 1876
 Pulpit Discourses, 1879
 Oliver Cromwell: the Man and his Mission, 1882
 Lessons from the English Commonwealth, 1884
 The Conflict of Oligarchy and Democracy, 1885 James Allanson Picton The Conflict of Oligarchy and Democracy
 Sir James A. Picton: a Biography, 1891
 The Bible in School, 1901
 The Religion of the Universe, 1904
 Pantheism: Its Story and Significance, 1905
 Spinoza: A Handbook to the Ethics, 1907
 Man and the Bible, 1909

References

Jincheng Shi. (2018). "Pantheism and Science in Victorian Britain". University of Leeds.

External links

1832 births
1910 deaths
19th-century British philosophers
20th-century British philosophers
Alumni of the University of London
Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
Members of the London School Board
Pantheists
UK MPs 1880–1885
UK MPs 1885–1886
UK MPs 1886–1892
UK MPs 1892–1895


is the fourth single by Berryz Kobo, released on August 25, 2004. The single entered the Oricon Weekly Singles Chart at number 20, with 11,000 copies setting a record for Berryz Kobo's first week sales.

Details
 Main vocalists: Miyabi Natsuyaki, Risako Sugaya (centre), Momoko Tsugunaga, Yurina Kumai

Track listing
  (Music and lyrics: Tsunku. Arrangement: Suzuki Shunsuke)
  (Music and lyrics: Tsunku, Arrangement: Suzuki Shunsuke)
 "Happiness (Kōfuku Kangei!)" (Instrumental)

PV versions
 Normal version
 Dance-shot version
 Close-up version (group)

References

External links
 Happiness ~Kofuku Kangei!~ entry on the Up-Front Works official website
 J-Ongaku:Happiness (Kōfuku Kangei!)
 Jpop Stop!:Happiness (Kōfuku Kangei!)

2004 singles
Songs written by Tsunku
Berryz Kobo songs
Song recordings produced by Tsunku
2004 songs
Piccolo Town singles


Maddess Aiort (died 1982) was a woman who claimed to be Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia, the second daughter of Nicholas II of Russia. She died in 1982 of a serious disease still unknown.

Biography
The remains of the members of the Romanov family killed at Ekaterinburg in 1918, including those of Grand Duchess Tatiana, have been identified through DNA testing.

Very little is known about this impostor. Appeared in Canada in 1937 and immediately publicly declared herself "Grand Duchess Tatyana Nikolaevna." Explanations of how she managed to avoid the Yekaterinburg execution were never given.

Maddis Ayort’s statement was never taken seriously by anyone, the applicant was ridiculed, in 1942 (or 1943) accused of “sympathizing with the enemy” and forced to leave the country.

She later lived in Spain, where she died in 1982 from an unknown disease.

See also
Romanov impostors

References

Romanov impostors
1982 deaths
Year of birth missing


David Kamp (born 1982, Hamburg, Germany) is a composer, sound designer and sound artist living and working in Berlin.
He studied Electronic Composition at ICEM Folkwang University of the Arts and has worked with visual artists, animation directors, companies and cultural institutions on award-winning animated films, adverts, installations and exhibitions. He gave talks, lectures and workshops at universities and conferences including Pictoplasma, Playgrounds and Hochschule für Gestaltung Offenbach.

Awards include multiple music & sound awards, "Young Guns Award" from the Art Directors Club of New York and a nomination for the German Film Music Awards.

References

External links
 STUDIOKAMP - David Kamp's Berlin based studio
 David Kamp's Homepage
 IMDB page
 Animation World Network  - Interview with David Kamp
 FORM Magazine - feature about Sound In Animation
 It's Nice That  - Interview with David Kamp
 Motionographer - David OReilly interview
 Playgrounds Festival

German music arrangers
1982 births
Living people
Folkwang University of the Arts alumni


Przemko of Ścinawa () (1255/65 – 26 February 1289) was Duke of Żagań from 1278 to 1284 and Duke of Ścinawa from 1284 until his death.

He was the third and youngest son of Konrad I, Duke of Głogów by his first wife Salome, daughter of Duke Władysław of Greater Poland.

Life

Duke of Żagań and later of Ścinawa
After his father's death in 1274, Przemko was placed under the care of his older brother Henry III. Only in 1278 he received the Duchy of Żagań (which included Żagań, Szprotawa and Nowogród Bobrzański) as an independent ruler. By 1281 he paid homage to Henry IV Probus, Duke of Wroclaw.

As a result of pressures from Henry IV Probus, in 1284, Przemko and his brother Konrad II the Hunchback, Duke of Ścinawa, exchanged their lands: Przemko assumed rule over Ścinawa and Konrad II took Żagań. This was maybe because Henry IV preferred in the borders of his domains the most trustful Przemko, who, like his brother Henry III, was a faithful follower of Henry IV's politics, supporting him in all his major projects, including in the conflict with the Bishop Thomas II of Wroclaw. When Henry IV Probus took control over Kraków after the death of Leszek II the Black in 1288, he could count on the support of the Duke of Ścinawa.

Death
Przemko died during the Battle of Siewierz between Henry IV Probus and the coalition formed by Duke Bolesław II of Płock and Duke Władysław I the Elbow-high of Kuyavia. According to the Chronicle of Jan Długosz, the exact date of the battle was 26 February 1290; however, 26 February 1289 seems a more likely date, and is given by other sources.

His death had a very vivid description, thanks to the Nagrobków książąt śląskich and the Kroniki książąt polskich. According to these sources, he was taken prisoner among other Silesian Dukes, but during the subsequent confusion after the defeat, he was murdered in the battlefield.

The key to the interpretation of both sources, could be found in the Duke's grave in the  Cisternian monastery of Lubiąż, who was possibly the main cause of the description of Przemko's dramatic end. The hatred of the Dukes of Głogów against Władysław I the Elbow-high, developed in the second half of the 13th century and the beginning of the 14th century, was possibly the true cause of this description. Moreover, as support of this theory was the fact that Duke Bolko I of Opole, who also captured in the same battle, was treated differently. The Dukes of Głogów were closely linked with the Monastery of Lubiąż. It is there were the Duke of Ścinawa was buried; also, just before to his departure to the battle, he ordered two of his villages: Łososzkowice (now Łososiowice) and Żyrków (now Żerków), to provide storage and support to the Cistercians.

In the next years after the death of Przemko in Siewierz was established in Lubiąż an excellent epitaph work; Przemko's grave, whose inscription was "Among everything to God and the Nature gave to the Polish, the best was without doubt the prince Przemko" (Wszystko, co Bóg i natura dały Polakom najlepszego, najwznioślejszego, było udziałem księcia Przemka) certainly influenced the imagination of the near inhabitants. The Duke of Ścinawa probably died during the battle, in unclear circumstances. It is doubtful that Władysław I the Elbow-high and Bolesław II of Płock, or any knight, could murder Przemko in cold blood. Another interesting fact was, if Przemko was captured and murdered immediately, his direct relatives never revenged his death. Henry III's politics with Władysław I never exposed an open hostility, which characterize the Duke of Głogów's relations with Henry V the Fat.

Przemko never married or had children; according to the Feudal Law, Ścinawa was annexed by Henry IV Probus to his domains, as part of his projected unification of Poland.

Establishment of the Magdeburg Law by Przemko

During his reign, Przemko granted the Magdeburg Law to five Silesian towns: Żagań, Lubin, Przemków, Wołów and Wińsko.

Żagań
The first historical mention of Żagań was around 1202. The town was placed on the Magdeburg Law by Przemko in 1280. The document is not preserved today (one charter found later was considered now a forgery). Żagań gained fame as the capital of the Duchies of Żagań and Żagań-Głogów. Later, after the death of Henry III in 1309 and the subsequent division of his domains, Żagań was inherited by his oldest son, Henry IV the Faithful, who became in the ancestor of the Żagań-Głogów branch, which ended in 1504.

Lubin
The exact foundation of Lubin and his early history is not entirely known, but previous studies assumed the city existed already in 1170, but was formally founded by 1202. The district was part of the Duchy of Głogów, and after 1273 passed to the Duchy of Ścinawa, shortly after under the rule of Przemko, who granted Lubin with the Magdeburg Law in 1288.

Przemków
It is uncertain whether the city was founded with his actual name or another. It is known, however, that Przemko made the district a center of exchange and trading with its near neighbors. The document of the foundation is not preserved, but German historians report that it was issued on 8 July 1280.

Wołów
Unfortunately, the documents about its foundation are missing, but sources indicate that Wołów was founded in 1285; however, more specific details or even the date of the formal foundation are unknown. Is likely assumed that Wołów was provided by Przemko as a strong advocate for the pursuit of Silesia intensive investment shares. The investment income earned to the Duke so much experience, used by him in subsequent locations, including Wołów. Thanks to the disappeared foundation documents, the system used by the city is uncertain.

Wińsko
In a document confirming the possessions of Lubiąż monastery in 1217 existed a record of "Wroblino juxta vin", which, by some scholars, is regarded as the earliest mention of Wińsko. However, the first reliable historical notice about this district, was in a document issued in 1280, which was listed in the local church pastor Nicolaus. In 1285, Wińsko was placed under the Magdeburg Law by Przemko.

References

PRZEMKO (I) ŚCINAWSKI
This article was translated from his original in Polish Wikipedia.

|-

13th-century births
1289 deaths
Dukes of Żagań


Music@Menlo is an annual summer chamber music festival and institute in Atherton, California. The festival was founded in 2003 by cellist David Finckel and pianist Wu Han. American Public Media says that "Music@Menlo has rapidly become one of the world's top-tier chamber music festivals due to the quality of performance and its goal to rejuvenate the classical music experience."
Music@Menlo's highly selective Chamber Music Institute offers string players and pianists ages nine to twenty-nine the opportunity to fully engage in a multitude of offerings including performances, lectures, master classes, and other educational events.
The organization also holds a Winter Residency on the campus of Menlo School, including educational and outreach events, and a series of artist-curated residencies in Menlo Park and Atherton.

Festival history

References

External links
Official website

Chamber music groups
Culture in the San Francisco Bay Area
Classical music festivals in the United States
Tourist attractions in San Mateo County, California
Festivals in the San Francisco Bay Area


Agderposten is a daily newspaper published in Arendal, Norway.

History and profile
Agderposten was founded by teacher Jens Svendsen and published for the first time on 1 July 1874. Svendsen was the owner and editor-in-chief until 1919. His son Jens Svendsen Jr. was a co-editor for a couple of years. Later editors were Jens Vevstad from 1919 to 1928, Magne Torsvik from 1928 to 1936, then Robert Knudsen. Regarding ownership, a stock company named Agderposten was set up in 1919. Among the members of the board of directors were Torjus Værland. In 1936 a new team of owners took over; Robert Knudsen, Alv Kristiansen and Liberal Party politician Christian Stray. Stray soon became the sole owner. His daughter Anne Lise was given 70% of the shares in 1963, and took over at Christian's death in 1981. This family ownership is an anomaly in Norway.

The newspaper was affiliated with the Liberal Party until the party split in 1972. It then followed the Liberal People's Party for a short period before becoming non-partisan. Its current stance is in general terms liberal-democratic.

In addition to Arendal, where they have their office, it has a significant distribution in the municipalities of Risør, Tvedestrand and Grimstad. It is published six days a week since 1897, launched its Internet edition in 1998 and introduced the tabloid format in 2004. In 2005 the paper had a circulation of 23,329, of whom 21,983 are subscribers.

It is published by the stock company Agderposten AS, which is owned 100% by Agderposten Medier AS. Agderposten AS also holds a 92.8% ownership of TV Aust-Agder, 96.4 of Radio Agder, 97.7% of Grimstad Adressetidende, 100% of Lillesandsposten and Vennesla Tidende. It was one of the founders of Kanal 24, but sold its shares in 2006.

The 2013 circulation of Agderposten was 19,853 copies.

References

External links
 Official website

1874 establishments in Norway
Daily newspapers published in Norway
Liberal Party (Norway) newspapers
Liberal People's Party (Norway, 1972) newspapers
Mass media in Arendal
Norwegian-language newspapers
Newspapers established in 1874


Filligar is an alternative rock band made up of Johnny, Teddy and Pete Mathias and childhood friend Casey Gibson. Filligar has a prolific catalog of original music, recognized as “of prestige value” by the American  Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers (ASCAP). The band has been called “a fresh take on indie rock” by Paste Magazine, one of music’s “Next Big Things” by SPIN and “a breath of fresh air” by Consequence of Sound.

Since 2013 the United States Department of State appointed Filligar cultural ambassadors representing the "American people and their cultural values" and "the best of the U.S. arts community."[3]. Under the administrations of both Obama and Trump, the band has been sent on diplomatic assignments to Azerbaijan, Guyana, Kuwait, Russia (Central and Far East), Mexico and Tajikistan. They have played with artists such as The Black Keys, My Morning Jacket, Alabama Shakes, B.o.B, and were hand-picked by Counting Crows to join their Outlaw Roadshow tour.

Filligar's album Keepsakes of the Interior (via Decade Records), was recorded in Los Angeles, California, in the band's studio as well as at Chicago's legendary Electrical Audio.  The album marks the band’s eighth studio project to date and features singles “Motor Shine” and “White Light Rose.” Their 2013 release Hexagon was named  “Best New Music” by American Songwriter magazine, and their 2010 release The Nerve was nominated “Best Rock Album” at the Independent Music Awards.

Albums
 New record in progress (2020)
 Keepsakes of the Interior (2015)
 Hexagon (2013)
 The Nerve (2010)
 Near or Far (2008)
 The City Tree (2007)
 Succession, I Guess (2006)

References

Alternative rock groups from Chicago
Musical groups established in 2000


Dinosuchus is a problematic genus of extinct alligatorid crocodilian. It was very large compared to other alligatorids, save for the giant caiman Purussaurus and its closest relatives. The genus was first described in 1876 on the basis of a vertebra from the Brazilian Amazon, the type species being named D. terror. In 1921, a new species of Dinosuchus, D. neivensis, was named based on a large mandible that was discovered in Colombia. D. neivensis was later found to be synonymous with both Brachygnathosuchus braziliensis and Purussaurus brasiliensis, being reassigned in 1924 to the senior synonym P. brasiliensis. In 1965, D. terror was proposed to be a nomen vanum. In 1936, Robert Broom used the name Dinosuchus for a dinocephalian therapsid from South Africa. Broom's Dinosuchus is now considered a junior synonym of Anteosaurus.

The name Dinosuchus means "terrible crocodile" in Greek. It is not to be confused with Deinosuchus, a large alligatoroid from Late Cretaceous North America.

References

Alligatoridae
Miocene crocodylomorphs
Miocene reptiles of South America
Pliocene crocodylomorphs
Pliocene reptiles of South America
Uquian
Chapadmalalan
Montehermosan
Pliocene Brazil
Fossils of Brazil
Fossil taxa described in 1876
Prehistoric pseudosuchian genera


Patrick Purcell (May 1, 1833 – May 1, 1891) was a Canadian railway contractor and political figure in Ontario. He represented Glengarry in the House of Commons of Canada as a Liberal member from 1887 to 1891.

He was born in Glengarry County, Upper Canada; his father was a native of Ireland and his mother came from Scotland. In 1852, Purcell married Isabella McDonald. He was a construction contractor and built St. Peter's Canal in Nova Scotia and sections of the Canadian Pacific Railway and Intercolonial Railway. Purcell was reeve of Charlottenburg Township in 1884.

After Purcell's death in 1891, he was buried east of Cornwall. Shortly afterwards, his body was removed from the grave by young men from the area but was later recovered after it was found floating in the Saint Lawrence River.

References

The Canadian parliamentary companion, 1889 AJ Gemmill

1833 births
1891 deaths
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Ontario
Liberal Party of Canada MPs


The 2006 CCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 35th CCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament. It was played between March 3 and March 18, 2006. Opening round and quarterfinal games were played at campus sites, while the semifinals, third place, and championship games were played at Joe Louis Arena in Detroit, Michigan. By winning the tournament, Michigan State won the Mason Cup and received the Central Collegiate Hockey Association's automatic bid to the 2006 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.

Conference standings
Note: GP = Games played; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; PTS = Points; GF = Goals For; GA = Goals Against

Bracket

Note: * denotes overtime period(s)

First round

(5) Nebraska-Omaha vs. (12) Bowling Green

(6) Lake Superior State vs. (11) Western Michigan

(7) Ferris State vs. (10) Ohio State

(8) Notre Dame vs. (9) Alaska-Fairbanks

Quarterfinals

(1) Miami vs. (11) Western Michigan

(2) Michigan State vs. (9) Alaska-Fairbanks

(3) Michigan vs. (7) Ferris State

(4) Northern Michigan vs. (5) Nebraska-Omaha

Semifinals

(1) Miami vs. (4) Northern Michigan

(2) Michigan State vs. (3) Michigan

Third place

(3) Michigan vs. (4) Northern Michigan

Championship

(1) Miami vs. (2) Michigan State

Tournament awards

All-Tournament Team
F Drew Miller (Michigan State)
F Ryan Jones (Miami)
F Tim Crowder (Michigan State)
D Matt Hunwick (Michigan)
D Andy Greene (Miami)
G Jeff Lerg* (Michigan State)
* Most Valuable Player(s)

References

External links
2006 CCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament

CCHA men's ice hockey tournament
Ccha tournament


The Mecklenburg Class G 3 was an early German steam locomotive operated by the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Friedrich-Franz Railway. Formerly the Class IX it was a copy of the Prussian G 3.

Description
In total, there were eight G 3's in the Mecklenburg fleet, which had been built between 1887 and 1895. Of these two originally came from the Lloyd Railway, Neustrelitz - Warnemünde. The engines had a steam brake and an outside valve gear of the Allan type. Five engines were intended for transfer to the Deutsche Reichsbahn, to be numbered 53 7201 to 53 7205; however they were withdrawn before the renumbering plan was implemented.

The locomotives were given Class 3 T 10.5 tenders.

See also
Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Friedrich-Franz Railway
List of Mecklenburg locomotives

Notes

References

Further reading

0-6-0 locomotives
G 3
Railway locomotives introduced in 1887
C n2 locomotives

de:Preußische G 3#G 3 bei der Mecklenburgischen Friedrich-Franz-Eisenbahn
Freight locomotives


John Bray (16 March 1937 – 1992) was an English professional footballer. A right back from the town of Rishton, Bray started his career at Blackburn Rovers, playing for them in the Football League as well as in the 1960 FA Cup Final. After 153 Football League appearances, and 2 goals, Bray moved to Bury for the 1965–66 season, after which he joined Irish side Drumcondra. He later became the player manager at Great Harwood Town.

References

1937 births
1992 deaths
People from Rishton
English Football League players
Blackburn Rovers F.C. players
Bury F.C. players
Drumcondra F.C. players
Great Harwood F.C. players
English men's footballers
Men's association football fullbacks


Lia is a village in Sør-Fron Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located in the Gudbrandsdal valley along the south shore of the Gudbrandsdalslågen river, about  to the southeast of the village of Hundorp which lies on the other side of the river. The  village has a population (2021) of 277 and a population density of .

References

Sør-Fron
Villages in Innlandet
Populated places on the Gudbrandsdalslågen


Transgressions: A Journal of Urban Exploration was a British magazine founded in 1995. Although only four magazines were produced during its lifetime, it was a double-issue (nos 2/3). Its contents reflected the emergence of new forms of psychogeographical activity in the 1990s. A more playful and sensuous direction was charted, nodding more to the situationism of Asger Jorn than Guy Debord, with frequent allusions to the "magico-Marxism" current amongst British groups, such as the reformed London Psychogeographical Association. The first usage of the term "magico-Marxism" appears to have been in this magazine, in 1996.

The magazine also introduced the work of the Italian "situationauts" as well as various psychogeographical initiatives, some of which have a post-avant-garde insistence on "ordinary lives". The magazine was edited by Alastair Bonnett and published by Salamander Press, London. It ended publication in 2001.

References

1995 establishments in the United Kingdom
2001 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Defunct magazines published in the United Kingdom
Magazines established in 1995
Magazines disestablished in 2001
Magazines published in London
Urban studies and planning magazines
Visual arts magazines published in the United Kingdom


The Portland Chamber Music Festival is an annual chamber music festival located in Portland, Maine, founded in 1994 by Jennifer Elowitch (violinist) and Dena Levine (pianist). In 2018, following PCMF's 25th anniversary season, Elowitch (Founder and Artistic Director Emerita) was succeeded by violist Melissa Reardon as Artistic Director. The core Festival is a four-concert main stage series and free Family Concert in August at the Abromson Community Education Center.
In addition, the Festival's year-round offerings include a Salon Series of concerts in private homes and intimate spaces throughout Greater Portland, and innovative contemporary music concerts in collaboration with SPACE Gallery.

In 2011, the Maine Public Broadcasting Network chose PCMF to inaugurate its new “Maine Arts Live” initiative, featuring a live broadcast of PCMF Opening Night 2011 throughout the state and streaming on the web.

References

Further reading

External links
Official website of the Portland Chamber Music Festival

Music festivals established in 1994
Chamber music festivals
Classical music festivals in the United States
Events in Portland, Maine
1994 establishments in Maine


Boris Sokolov may refer to:

 Boris Sergeyevich Sokolov (1914–2013), Russian geologist, paleontologist and academician
 Boris Vadimovich Sokolov (born 1957), historian and Russian literature researcher
 Boris Sokolov (1944–2022), Russian actor in The Hobbit (1985 film)
 Boris Sokoloff (1893–1979), Russian doctor, politician, cancer researcher and author.


22 Vulpeculae is a binary star system in the northern constellation Vulpecula. Based on its parallax, it is located some 1,490 light-years away, and it has an apparent magnitude of about 5.2, making it visible to the naked eye. The system is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −23 km/s.

The pair have an orbital period of  in an almost-circular orbit. The primary component is a G-type bright giant. It is over four times as massive as the Sun, and over 96 times as wide. Its companion is a B-type main-sequence star, 3.4 times as massive as the Sun. Although the secondary has an effective temperature of nearly  and the primary just , the large size of the cooler star means it is nearly 20 times as luminous at .  The primary star is rotating slowly with a rotation period that appears to be between about 140 and 165 days, unexpectedly faster than the orbital period.  Different parts of its atmosphere may be rotating at different speeds.  The hot secondary is rotating much faster, possibly at .

The two stars have an orbit that is oriented in such a way that they periodically eclipse each other, each star alternately blocking the light of the other. For that, it has been given the variable star designation QS Vulpeculae; 22 Vulpeculae is the Flamsteed designation.  The maximum drop in visual apparent magnitude is 0.05 magnitudes when the hot secondary is completely hidden by the large cool primary.  The eclipses are deeper at shorter wavelengths because a greater proportion of the short-wavelength radiation comes from the hot star.  The primary eclipses last for eight days at visual wavelengths, but partial phases can be detected for up to 17 days at ultraviolet wavelengths due to the expanded atmosphere and wind of the primary star.  Secondary eclipse, where the hot star transits the cooler one, are undetectable, and ellipsoidal variations due to distortion of the large primary produce brightness changes of less than 1.5%.

References

G-type bright giants
B-type main-sequence stars
Algol variables
Vulpecula
Durchmusterung objects
Vulpeculae, 22
192713
099853
7741
Vulpeculae, QS


The Rock Engravings of Pobe-Mengao are located in the Pobe-Mengao Department of Burkina Faso.  Alongside the unique rock art, there exists man-made mounds as well as necropoles, millstones, and other archaeological artifacts such as metal tools.

World Heritage Status
This site was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List on April 9, 1996, in the Cultural category.

See also
Rock Art

Notes

References
Les gravures rupestres de Pobe-Mengao (#) - UNESCO World Heritage Centre Retrieved 2009-03-04.

Burkinabé culture


The Razzie Award for Worst Remake, Rip-off or Sequel is an award presented at the annual Golden Raspberry Awards for the worst film adapted from some form of previous material (derivative work). The category covers films that are prequels, sequels, remakes, reboots, spin-offs, film adaptations of other media franchises, mockbusters and "rip-offs" (thus making the award open to nearly any high concept film with a superficial resemblance to any other work of fiction).

The following is a list of nominees and recipients of that award, including each film's distribution company.

History
From 1994 to 2005, the category was titled Worst Remake or Sequel. The category was divided into Worst Prequel or Sequel and Worst Remake or Rip-off in 2006 and 2007. The categories were again merged in 2008 to form Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-off or Sequel, and it was shortened to the current title from 2012 onward. The award was not presented in 1996 and 1999.

Criteria
Despite not being mentioned in the name of the award, film adaptations of other media (books, graphic novels, cartoons, etc.) are eligible for nomination (extending the term "remake" broadly to include adaptations).

Razzie nominations have also stretched the definition on occasion; for example, Jack & Jill was described as a "Remake/Ripoff of Glen or Glenda" despite bearing no resemblance beyond that they both feature male actors portraying both male and female characters; this was widely viewed as an excuse to nominate the film in every category. Similarly, Karen was described as an "Inadvertent Remake of Cruella" despite the lack of any real similarity between the two films, and The Meg was listed as a rip-off of Jaws despite both films having little in common beyond having a giant shark as villain.

Worst Remake or Sequel (1994, 1995, 1997, 1998, 2000–2005)
1994 Wyatt Earp (remake/ripoff of Tombstone) – Warner Bros. – Kevin Costner / Lawrence Kasdan / Jim Wilson
Beverly Hills Cop III – Paramount – Robert Rehme / Mace Neufeld
City Slickers II: The Legend of Curly's Gold – Columbia / Castle Rock Entertainment – Billy Crystal
The Flintstones – Universal – Bruce Cohen
Love Affair – Warner Bros. – Warren Beatty
1995 The Scarlet Letter – Hollywood – Roland Joffe / Andrew G. Vajna
Ace Ventura: When Nature Calls – Warner Bros. – James G. Robinson
Dr. Jekyll and Ms. Hyde – Savoy Pictures – Robert Shapiro / Jerry Leider
Showgirls (remake of both All About Eve and The Lonely Lady) – MGM / UA – Charles Evans / Alan Marshall
Village of the Damned – Universal – Michael Preger / Sandy King
1997 Speed 2: Cruise Control – 20th Century Fox – Jan de Bont / Steve Perry / Michael Peyser
Batman & Robin – Warner Bros. – Peter MacGregor-Scott
Home Alone 3 – 20th Century Fox – John Hughes / Hilton Green
The Lost World: Jurassic Park – Universal – Kathleen Kennedy / Gerald R. Molen / Colin Wilson
McHale's Navy – Universal – Bill Sheinberg / Jonathan Sheinberg / Sid Sheinberg
1998 The Avengers – Warner Bros. – Jerry Weintraub (tie)
1998 Godzilla – TriStar – Dean Devlin / Roland Emmerich (tie)
1998 Psycho – Universal – Brian Grazer / Gus Van Sant (tie)
Lost in Space – New Line Cinema – Mark W. Koch / Stephen Hopkins / Akiva Goldsman / Carla Fry
Meet Joe Black (remake of Death Takes a Holiday) – Universal – Martin Brest
2000 Book of Shadows: Blair Witch 2 – Artisan – Bill Carraro
How the Grinch Stole Christmas – Universal – Brian Grazer
The Flintstones in Viva Rock Vegas – Universal – Bruce Cohen
Get Carter – Warner Bros. – Neil Canton / Mark Canton / Elie Samaha
Mission: Impossible 2 – Paramount – Tom Cruise / Paula Wagner
2001 Planet of the Apes – 20th Century Fox – Richard D. Zanuck / Ralph Winter
Crocodile Dundee in Los Angeles – Paramount – Paul Hogan / Lance Hool
Jurassic Park III – Universal – Kathleen Kennedy / Larry Franco
Pearl Harbor (remake of Tora! Tora! Tora!) – Touchstone – Michael Bay / Jerry Bruckheimer
Sweet November – Warner Bros. – Elliott Kastner / Steven Reuther / Deborah Aal / Erwin Stoff
2002 Swept Away – Screen Gems – Matthew Vaughn
I Spy – Columbia – Mario Kassar / Andrew G. Vajna / Betty Thomas / Jenno Topping
Mr. Deeds (remake of Mr. Deeds Goes to Town) – Columbia / New Line Cinema – Sid Ganis / Jack Giarraputo
Pinocchio – Miramax – Gianluigi Braschi / Nicoletta Braschi / Elda Ferri
Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones – 20th Century Fox – George Lucas / Rick McCallum
2003 Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle – Columbia – Drew Barrymore / Leonard Goldberg / Nancy Juvonen
2 Fast 2 Furious – Universal – Lee Mayes / Neal H. Moritz
Dumb and Dumberer: When Harry Met Lloyd – New Line Cinema – Troy Miller / Brad Krevoy / Mark Burg / Oren Koules / Toby Emmerich
From Justin to Kelly (remake of both Where the Boys Are and Where the Boys Are '84) – 20th Century Fox – John Steven Agoglia
The Texas Chainsaw Massacre – New Line Cinema – Michael Bay / Mike Fleiss / Brad Fuller / Tobe Hooper / Kim Henkel
2004 Scooby-Doo 2: Monsters Unleashed – Warner Bros. – Charles Roven / Richard Suckle
Alien vs. Predator – 20th Century Fox – Walter Hill / Gordon Carroll / David Giler / John Davis
Anacondas: The Hunt for the Blood Orchid – Screen Gems – Verna Harrah
Around the World in 80 Days – Disney – Bill Badalato / Hal Lieberman
Exorcist: The Beginning – Warner Bros. – Aaron Dem / Guy McElwaine / David C. Robinson / James G. Robinson
2005 Son of the Mask – New Line Cinema – Erica Huggins / Scott Kroopf
Bewitched – Columbia – Nora Ephron / Lucy Fisher / Penny Marshall / Douglas Wick
Deuce Bigalow: European Gigolo – Columbia – Adam Sandler / John Schneider
The Dukes of Hazzard – Warner Bros. – Bill Gerber
House of Wax – Warner Bros. – Susan Levin / Joel Silver / Robert Zemeckis

Worst Prequel or Sequel (2006, 2007)
2006 Basic Instinct 2 – Columbia – Mario Kassar / Joel B. Michaels / Andrew G. Vajna
Big Momma's House 2 – 20th Century Fox – Michael Green / David T. Friendly
Garfield: A Tail of Two Kitties – 20th Century Fox – John Davis
The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause – Disney – Tim Allen / Brian Reilly / Jeffrey Silver
The Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Beginning – New Line Cinema – Michael Bay / Mike Fleiss / Tobe Hooper / Kim Henkel / Andrew Form / Brad Fuller
2007 Daddy Day Camp – TriStar / Revolution Studios – William Sherak / Jason Shuman
Aliens vs. Predator: Requiem – 20th Century Fox – John Davis / David Giler / Walter Hill
Evan Almighty – Universal – Gary Barber / Roger Birnbaum / Michael Bostick / Neal H. Moritz / Tom Shadyac
Hannibal Rising – The Weinstein Company – Dino De Laurentiis / Martha De Laurentiis / Tarak Ben Ammar
Hostel: Part II – Lions Gate – Mike Fleiss / Eli Roth / Chris Briggs

Worst Remake or Rip-off (2006, 2007)
2006 Little Man (rip-off of the 1954 Bugs Bunny cartoon Baby Buggy Bunny) – Columbia / Revolution Studios – Rick Alvares / Lee Mays / Marlon Wayans / Shawn Wayans
The Pink Panther – Columbia – Robert Simonds
Poseidon – Warner Bros. – Wolfgang Petersen / Duncan Henderson / Mike Fleiss / Akiva Goldsman
The Shaggy Dog – Disney – David Hoberman / Tim Allen
The Wicker Man – Warner Bros. – Nicolas Cage / Randall Emmett / Norm Golightly / Avi Lerner / Joanne Sellar
2007 I Know Who Killed Me (rip-off of Hostel, Saw and The Patty Duke Show) – TriStar – David Grace / Frank Mancuso Jr.
Are We Done Yet? (sequel to Are We There Yet?, remake of Mr. Blandings Builds His Dream House) – Columbia / Revolution Studios – Ted Hartley / Ice Cube / Matt Alvarez / Todd Garner
Bratz – Lions Gate – Isaac Larian / Avi Arad / Steven Paul
Epic Movie (rip-off of many films) – 20th Century Fox – Paul Schiff
Who's Your Caddy? (rip-off of Caddyshack) – MGM / Dimension – Christopher Eberts / Tracy Edmonds / Kia Jam / Arnold Rifkin

Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-off or Sequel (2008–2011)
2008 – Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull – Paramount / Lucasfilm – Kathleen Kennedy / Frank Marshall
The Day the Earth Stood Still – 20th Century Fox – Erwin Stoff / Paul Harris Boardman / Gregory Goodman
Disaster Movie – Lions Gate & Meet the Spartans – 20th Century Fox (jointly) – Jason Friedberg / Peter Safran / Aaron Seltzer
Speed Racer – Warner Bros. – Joel Silver / Grant Hill / Lana Wachowski / Andy Wachowski
Star Wars: The Clone Wars – Lucasfilm / Warner Bros. – Catherine Winder
2009 – Land of the Lost – Universal – Sid and Marty Krofft / Jimmy Miller
G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra – Paramount / Hasbro – Lorenzo di Bonaventura / Bob Ducsay / Brian Goldner
The Pink Panther 2 – Columbia / Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer – Robert Simonds
Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen – DreamWorks / Paramount / Hasbro – Lorenzo di Bonaventura / Ian Bryce / Tom DeSanto / Don Murphy
The Twilight Saga: New Moon – Summit Entertainment – Wyck Godfrey / Karen Rosenfelt
2010 – Sex and the City 2 – New Line Cinema / Village Roadshow – Michael Patrick King / John Melfi / Sarah Jessica Parker / Darren Star
Clash of the Titans – Warner Bros. – Kevin De La Noy / Basil Iwanyk / Richard D. Zanuck
The Last Airbender – Paramount / Nickelodeon / Kennedy/Marshall – Frank Marshall / Sam Mercer / M. Night Shyamalan
The Twilight Saga: Eclipse – Summit Entertainment – Wyck Godfrey / Karen Rosenfelt
Vampires Suck – 20th Century Fox / Regency – Jason Friedberg / Peter Safran / Aaron Seltzer
2011 – Jack and Jill (remake/rip-off of Glen or Glenda) – Columbia – Adam Sandler / Jack Giarraputo / Todd Garner
Arthur – Warner Bros. – Larry Brezner / Kevin McCormick / Chris Bender / Michael Tadross
Bucky Larson: Born to Be a Star (rip-off of Boogie Nights and A Star Is Born) – Columbia – Adam Sandler / Jack Giarraputo / Allen Covert / Nick Swardson / David Dorfman
The Hangover Part II – Warner Bros. – Daniel Goldberg / Todd Phillips
The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 1 – Summit Entertainment – Wyck Godfrey / Stephenie Meyer / Karen Rosenfelt

Worst Remake, Rip-off or Sequel (2012–present)
 2012 – The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2 – Summit Entertainment – Wyck Godfrey / Stephenie Meyer / Karen Rosenfelt
Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance – Columbia – Steven Paul / Ashok Amritaj / Michael De Luca / Avi Arad
Madea's Witness Protection – Lionsgate – Tyler Perry / Ozzie Areu / Paul Hall
Piranha 3DD – Dimension – Mark Canton / Marc Toberoff / Joel Soisson
Red Dawn – FilmDistrict – Beau Flynn / Tripp Vinson
2013 – The Lone Ranger – Disney – Jerry Bruckheimer / Gore Verbinski
Grown Ups 2 – Columbia – Adam Sandler / Jack Giarraputo
The Hangover Part III – Warner Bros. – Daniel Goldberg / Todd Phillips
Scary Movie 5 – The Weinstein Company – David Zucker / Phil Dornfeld
The Smurfs 2 – Columbia – Jordan Kerner
2014 – Annie – Columbia – Jay Brown, Will Gluck, Jada Pinkett Smith, Caleeb Pinkett, Tyran Smith, Will Smith, Shawn "Jay-Z" Carter
 Atlas Shrugged Part III: Who Is John Galt? – Atlas Distribution Company – John Aglialoro, Harmon Kaslow
 The Legend of Hercules – Summit Entertainment—Boaz Davidson, Renny Harlin, Danny Lerner, Les Weldon
 Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles – Paramount, Nickelodeon – Michael Bay, Ian Bryce, Andrew Form, Bradley Fuller, Scott Mednick, Galen Walker
 Transformers: Age of Extinction – Paramount, Hasbro – Ian Bryce, Tom DeSanto, Lorenzo di Bonaventura, Don Murphy
2015 – Fantastic Four – 20th Century Fox – Simon Kinberg, Matthew Vaughn, Hutch Parker, Robert Kulzer, Gregory Goodman
 Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Road Chip – 20th Century Fox – Janice Karman, Ross Bagdasarian
 Hot Tub Time Machine 2 – Paramount — Andrew Panay
 The Human Centipede 3 (Final Sequence) – IFC Midnight—Tom Six, Ilona Six
 Paul Blart: Mall Cop 2 – Columbia — Todd Garner, Kevin James, Adam Sandler
2016 – Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice – Warner Bros. – Charles Roven, Deborah Snyder
Alice Through the Looking Glass – Disney – Joe Roth, Suzanne Todd, Jennifer Todd, Tim Burton
Fifty Shades of Black – Open Road Films – Marlon Wayans, Rick Alvares
Independence Day: Resurgence – 20th Century Fox – Dean Devlin, Harald Kloser, Roland Emmerich
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows – Paramount, Nickelodeon – Michael Bay, Andrew Form, Bradley Fuller, Scott Mednick, Galen Walker
Zoolander 2 – Paramount – Stuart Cornfield, Scott Rudin, Ben Stiller, Clayton Townsend
2017 – Fifty Shades Darker – Universal — Dana Brunetti, Michael De Luca, E.L. James, Marcus Viscidi
Baywatch – Paramount — Michael Berk, Beau Flynn, Ivan Reitman, Douglas Schwartz
Boo 2! A Madea Halloween – Lionsgate — Tyler Perry, Ozzie Areu, Will Areu, Mark E. Swinton
The Mummy – Universal — Sarah Bradshaw, Sean Daniel, Alex Kurtzman, Chris Morgan
Transformers: The Last Knight – Paramount — Ian Bryce, Tom DeSanto, Lorenzo di Bonaventura, K.C. Hodenfield, Don Murphy
2018 – Holmes & Watson – Columbia – Will Ferrell, Adam McKay, Jimmy Miller, Clayton Townsend
Death of a Nation (remake of Hillary's America: The Secret History of the Democratic Party) – Quality Flix – Gerald R. Molen
Death Wish – Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer – Roger Birnbaum
The Meg (rip-off of Jaws) – Warner Bros. – Lorenzo di Bonaventura, Colin Wilson, Belle Avery
Robin Hood – Summit Entertainment – Jennifer Davisson, Leonardo DiCaprio
2019 – Rambo: Last Blood – Lionsgate – Avi Lerner, Kevin King Templeton, Yariv Lerner, Les Weldon
Dark Phoenix – 20th Century Fox – Simon Kinberg, Hutch Parker, Lauren Shuler Donner, Todd Hallowell
Godzilla: King of the Monsters – Warner Bros. – Mary Parent, Alex Garcia, Thomas Tull, Jon Jashni, Brian Rogers
Hellboy – Lionsgate – Lawrence Gordon, Lloyd Levin, Mike Richardson, Philip Westgren, Carl Hampe, Matt O'Toole, Les Weldon, Yariv Lerner
A Madea Family Funeral – Lionsgate – Ozzie Areu, Will Areu, Mark E. Swinton
2020/21 - Dolittle - Universal - Joe Roth, Jeff Kirschenbaum, and Susan Downey
Fantasy Island - Columbia - Jason Blum, Marc Toberoff, and Jeff Wadlow
Hubie Halloween (rip-off of Ernest Scared Stupid) - Netflix - Adam Sandler, Kevin Grady, Dominico Hadelo and Allen Covert
365 Days (rip-off of Fifty Shades of Grey) - Next Film - Maciej Kawulski, Ewa Lewandowska, and Tomasz Mandes
Wonder Woman 1984 - Warner Bros. - Charles Roven, Deborah Snyder, Zack Snyder, Patty Jenkins, Gal Gadot and Stephen Jones
2021 - Space Jam: A New Legacy - Warner Bros. - Ryan Coogler, LeBron James, Maverick Carter, and Duncan Henderson
Karen (inadvertent remake of Cruella) - Quiver Distribution - Autumn Bailey-Ford, Taryn Manning, Cory Hardrict, Tirrell Whittley, Sevier Crespo, Mary Aloe, Gillian Hormel, and Coke Daniels
Tom & Jerry - Warner Bros. - Christopher DeFaria
Twist (rap remake of Oliver Twist) - Sky Cinema - Ben Grass, Noel Clarke, Jason Maza, and Matt Williams
The Woman in the Window (rip-off of Rear Window) - Netflix - Scott Rudin, Eli Bush, and Anthony Katagas
2022 - Disney's Pinocchio (Disney+) - Andrew Milano, Chris Weitz, Robert Zemeckis, and Derek Hogue
Blonde (Netflix) - Brad Pitt, Dede Gardner, Jeremy Kleiner, Tracey Landon, and Scott Robertson
Firestarter (Universal) - Jason Blum and Akiva Goldsman
Jurassic World Dominion (Universal) - Frank Marshall and Patrick Crowley
365 Days: This Day & The Next 365 Days (Netflix) - Ewa Lewandowska, Tomasz Mandes, and Maciej Kawulski

Franchises/Properties

Most wins
As of 2023, no franchise/property has won this award more than once.

Most nominations

4 nominations
The Twilight Saga
3 nominations
365 Days
Jurassic Park
Madea
 Transformers

2 nominations
Alien vs. Predator
Batman
DCEU
Fifty Shades
The Flintstones
Godzilla
The Hangover Trilogy
The Pink Panther
Pinocchio
 Star Wars
The Texas Chainsaw Massacre
TMNT

Notes

References

Golden Raspberry Awards by category
Awards established in 1994
1994 establishments in the United States


Ministeria vibrans is a bacterivorous amoeba with filopodia that was originally described to be suspended by a flagellum-like stalk attached to the substrate. Molecular and experimental work later on demonstrated the stalk is indeed a flagellar apparatus.

The amoeboid protist Ministeria vibrans occupies a key position to understand animal origins. It is a member of the Filasterea, that is the sister-group to Choanoflagellatea and Metazoa. Two Ministeria amoebae species have been reported so far, both of them from coastal marine water samples: M. vibrans and M. marisola. However, there is currently only one culture available, that of Ministeria vibrans.

The life cycle of Ministeria remains unknown.

Microvilli in Ministeria suggest their presence in the common ancestor of Filasterea and Choanoflagellata. The kinetid structure of Ministeria is similar to that of the choanocytes of the most deep-branching sponges, differing essentially from the kinetid of choanoflagellates. Thus, kinetid and microvilli of Ministeria illustrate features of the common ancestor of three holozoan groups: Filasterea, Metazoa and Choanoflagellata.

References

Filasterea
Filasterean species
Protists described in 1997


Harry Kenneth Leyland (12 May 1930 – 6 December 2006) was a Liverpool-born footballer who made 36 Football League appearances for Everton before transferring to Blackburn Rovers. He was outstanding in the 1959–60 FA Cup semi-final against Sheffield Wednesday that Rovers won 2–1, but disappointment followed in the final when already one down Rovers lost Dave Whelan with a broken leg and went on to lose 3–0 to Wolverhampton Wanderers. Leyland later played for Tranmere Rovers (playing 180 League games for them) and for the last 25 years of his life he was a very active in the running of New Brighton Rugby Union Football Club and in January 2009 a stand at their ground was named in his honour. He also managed Wigan Athletic.

References

1930 births
2006 deaths
Footballers from Liverpool
English men's footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers
Everton F.C. players
Blackburn Rovers F.C. players
Tranmere Rovers F.C. players
English Football League players
Wigan Athletic F.C. managers
English football managers


Albert Martin Raffo (born November 27, 1941) is an American former Major League Baseball (MLB) pitcher who played for the Philadelphia Phillies in the 1969 season.

Raffo attended Los Angeles High School and was signed by the Phillies as an amateur free agent in 1962. He progressed through their minor league system before receiving his call to the majors in late April 1969. Pitching 3 scoreless innings in relief of starting pitcher Woodie Fryman, Raffo surrendered only 1 hit and 1 walk en route to his only career save,
the Phillies defeated the visiting Los Angeles Dodgers, 13–6, on May 30 at Connie Mack Stadium. On June 8, Raffo was called upon to pitch in the bottom of the 9th inning with the score tied 8–8 against the San Francisco Giants at Candlestick Park. After pitching 3 scoreless innings, he ran into difficulty in the bottom of the 12th. After a pair of lead walks followed by a single, he surrendered a game-winning single to Jim Davenport leading to his first MLB loss.

Raffo's second loss came off the bats of the New York Mets on June 19. Entering the game in the top of the 9th inning with the Phillies leading 5–4, he issued a walk and a single before being replaced by Turk Farrell. The runners eventually scored with Raffo being tagged for the 6–5 home loss. Raffo's lone MLB victory came on July 2 when he entered the game in the bottom of the 1st inning, relieving Bill Champion, who was having an ineffective start. Pitching 6 effective innings, he earned the victory in the Phillies' 14–4 win over the Pittsburgh Pirates at Forbes Field. The Cincinnati Reds handed Raffo his final loss. Called upon in the bottom of the 12th inning, he walked Ted Savage and issued a game-winning home run to Pete Rose in the 4–2 loss at Crosley Field on August 9. Raffo completed his professional baseball career in the Phillies' minor leagues during the 1970 and 1971 seasons. Following baseball, he earned his college degree and entered the teaching profession.

References

External links

1941 births
Living people
Bakersfield Bears players
Baseball players from San Francisco
Chattanooga Lookouts players
Eugene Emeralds players
Macon Peaches players
Magic Valley Cowboys players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Miami Marlins (FSL) players
Philadelphia Phillies players
Reading Phillies players
San Diego Padres (minor league) players
Los Angeles High School alumni


Onitkok Island is an island located inside western Coronation Gulf, south of Victoria Island, in the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut, Canada. It is situated between the Couper Islands and the mainland. Other island groups in the vicinity include the Berens Islands, Deadman Islands, Leo Islands, Nichols Islands, and Sir Graham Moore Islands. Additionally, Blaze Island, Kigirktaryuk Island, and Seven Mile Island are nearby. The community of Kugkluktuk (formerly Coppermine) is located on the mainland,  to the southwest.

References

Islands of Coronation Gulf
Uninhabited islands of Kitikmeot Region


Al-Zaitounah (, meaning "the Olive") is a Palestinian town in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate of the State of Palestine. It was formed in 2005 as the result of a merger of the villages of Abu Shukheidim and al-Mazra'a al-Qibliya. In 2007, al-Zaitounah had a population of 6,190, according to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics.

Location
AL-Zaytouneh is  located    from Ramallah. It is bordered by Bir Zeit and Abu Qash  to the east, Kobar and the settlement of Nahliel to the north, Al-Itihad and Al Janiya  to the west, and 'Ein Qiniya, Ramallah and Al Janiya to the south.

History

Al-Zaitounah was formed in 2005 as the result of a merger of the villages of Abu Shukheidim and al-Mazra'a al-Qibliya.

After the Oslo II Accord, 54.2% of Al-Zaitounah’s land was classified as Area B land, while the remaining 45.8% is defined as Area C. Israel has confiscated 308 dunams of land from Al-Zaitounah for the construction of 2 Israeli settlements: 289 dunams for Talmon, while 19 dunams for Nahl'iel.

References

External links
Official website
Official website
Survey of Western Palestine, Map 14:  IAA, Wikimedia commons
 AL-Zaytouneh town (fact sheet),   Applied Research Institute–Jerusalem (ARIJ)
 AL-Zaytouneh town profile, (ARIJ)
AL-Zaytouneh  aerial photo, (ARIJ)
Locality Development Priorities and Needs in AL-Zaytouneh Town, (ARIJ)

Towns in the West Bank
Municipalities of the State of Palestine


A medical escort is a non-emergency medical service provided by commercial aircraft, by medical escort companies, and sometimes by self-employed medical escort freelancers, who typically work for a medical repatriation company. Medical escort is one of three options offered by medical repatriation companies, alongside air ambulance and road ambulance.

Cost-effectiveness comes from using commercial aircraft, first and business class seats. On some occasions an airline stretcher will be used if the patient is unable to sit up in their seat for landing and take off. Several rows of seating in the back of the plane are removed to allow for a medical stretcher to allow non-emergency medical transport. Medical escort crews carry with them equipment that enables them to provide appropriate medical treatment to a non emergency patient. Common equipment for medical escort services includes oxygen, basic medication, monitoring equipment, and CPR equipment.

Some companies provide the full spectrum of medical professionals, including certified paramedics, critical care nurses, respiratory therapists and physicians. The medical escort physicians consult with the referring physicians to jointly determine the most appropriate level of care and most suitable method of transportation.

Standards

Medical escort
A medical escort is a non-emergency medical service provided by a licensed clinician. When travelling by commercial aircraft, the care recipient must be able to sit-up during take-off and landing. If they are unable, a stretcher will be required.

Medical escort team
A medical escort provides hands-on care to those who are unable to care for themselves or for individuals that require monitoring aboard a commercial airline or private charter. To work as a medical escort, the company will require the clinician to have experience in critical care or emergency medicine. The Medical Escort should have a broad knowledge in clinical and aviation medicine, epidemiology and research, occupational health, preventative medicine, substance abuse and addiction, toxicology, and travel medicine. The medical escort can be a doctor, registered nurse, or a paramedic. Based on the care recipient's needs, the clinician may be accompanied by an ancillary staff member such as a non-medical, emergency medical technician, or licensed practical nurse.

The makeup of the medical escort team varies depending on patient condition and/or disability and the type of transport. An unstable patient is not a candidate for a commercial medical escort.

Medical control
The nature of the air operation will frequently determine the type of medical control required, and in most cases, the available skill set of a typical paramedic. As a result, those operating in this environment will often be permitted to exercise more latitude in medical decision-making. Most systems operate almost entirely off-line, using recognised protocols for almost all procedures and only resorting to on-line medical control when protocols have been exhausted. Some medical escort operations have full-time, on-site medical coordinators with relevant backgrounds.

Equipment and interiors
Many types of commercial aircraft can be used for medical escort purposes, aircraft are equipped with basic life support equipment and advanced life support Drugs in addition to all equipment and medications take by the team. Many escort teams can carry portable oxygen concentrators for patients that require it. Certain airlines can also accommodate commercial stretcher service where several seat rows in economy are removed and a commercial stretcher is fitted in place.

Challenges
The challenge in most air medical escort operations, are the effects of reduced atmospheric pressure on some patients, the requirement to divert the aircraft to land quickly in the event of an unexpected emergency, fellow passengers, the amount of working space, both of which may create issues for the provision of ongoing care. While in flight the entire patient will be physically accessible. Although some companies have adapted many techniques and procedures to minimize the effect on other passengers and the overall safety and well-being of the patients flying on commercial flights.

See also
 Air ambulances in the United Kingdom
 Air ambulances in the United States
 Commission on Accreditation of Medical Transport System

References

Health care
Civil aviation
Aviation by mission


The Glens Falls Feeder Canal is a canal from Glens Falls, New York, United States through Hudson Falls and into Fort Edward. It is  long and delivers water from above Glens Falls on the Hudson River to the highest point of the Champlain Canal. The Feeder Canal Heritage Trail runs along a large part of the canal.

History
The first Feeder Canal was constructed around 1822 at the foot of Fort Edward Hill, to direct water from the Hudson River  east to the Champlain Canal. When a flood destroyed part of the dam across the Hudson River at Fort Edward, the feeder canal failed to provide enough water.

In 1824 a new dam was built across the Hudson River upstream of Glens Falls and digging of the Glens Falls Feeder Canal began. It ran  eastward to join the Champlain Canal, guaranteeing adequate water at its highest elevation.

In 1832, the Feeder Canal was widened and deepened to accommodate boat traffic as well. Thirteen masonry locks were constructed to overcome the  vertical drop east of Sandy Hill (now called Hudson Falls). This engineering feat includes the "Five Combines" Locks in Hudson Falls (at the intersection of Pine Street and Burgoyne Avenue. The Combine Locks lower water 55 vertical feet (). The locks were  wide and  long; these dimensions controlled the size of canal boats in the Champlain Canal system while the locks were in use. The present-day Champlain Barge Canal eliminated the need for boat traffic on the Feeder Canal in the early 1900s.

Present day
Today the canal is still an important source of water for the Champlain Canal as well as the Finch Pruyn & Company Paper Mill, which lies just east of the start of the Canal in Glens Falls. It is maintained by the New York State Canal Corporation.

The canal is a popular destination for canoeing and kayaking. A  long park/trail along the old canal towpath is frequented by tourists and joggers and cyclists. The canal was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. The not-for-profit Feeder Canal Alliance was formed in 1987 to preserve, promote and maintain the Feeder Canal.

References

External links

Canals in New York (state)
Canals on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)
Historic American Engineering Record in New York (state)
Tourist attractions in Washington County, New York
Tourist attractions in Warren County, New York
Transportation buildings and structures in Washington County, New York
Transportation buildings and structures in Warren County, New York
Canals opened in 1822
National Register of Historic Places in Warren County, New York
1822 establishments in New York (state)


Henry Francis Cronin CBE, MC, BSc (Eng) (1894–1977) was a British civil engineer and army officer.  He served in the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers and the Royal Engineers during the First World War and was awarded the Military Cross for constructing defensive works and taking part in assaults under heavy fire.  Cronin was appointed chief engineer of London's Metropolitan Water Board in 1939 and held that position until 1959.  During the London Blitz he worked hard to maintain water supplies for fire fighting.

Early life and First World War
Henry Francis Cronin was born in Ketton, Rutland in 1894. He studied engineering and was awarded a Bachelor of Science degree. Cronin served as a commissioned officer in the British Army during World War I. He was commissioned in September 1914 and was appointed to the rank of Temporary Lieutenant in the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers. He transferred in the same rank to the Royal Engineers on 19 May 1917.

Whilst serving with the Royal Engineers, Cronin was awarded the Military Cross in 1918 for gallantry in battle at an unspecified location. He was ordered to follow behind an attacking infantry unit with a section of sappers and to assist with the construction of strongpoints to make the position more defendable. Cronin reached the front with his men and immediately began the construction of field defences despite being under extremely heavy enemy fire from a flank. This fire eventually became so heavy that he halted works and assisted the infantry with the mopping up of enemy resistance. In the course of this Cronin assaulted enemy positions and captured several prisoners of war. He then resumed construction of the defensive works. Cronin's actions were said, in his medal citation, to have "very greatly helped" the success of the attack.

Second World War
Cronin was appointed Chief Engineer of the Metropolitan Water Board in 1939 and remained in that post throughout the war.  During the period of the London Blitz he worked hard to maintain water supplies, essential for fire fighting and vulnerable to bomb damage.  During the bombings breaks averaged one per day per 100 miles of water pipe, rising to one break per day per mile in some areas of London.

Cronin resumed his association with the military on 29 October 1943 when he was appointed lieutenant colonel of the Engineer and Railway Staff Corps, an unpaid Territorial Army unit which provided technical expertise to the British Army. By this stage he was a professional member of both the Institution of Civil Engineers and the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. In 1944, he was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire for services to Civil Defence.

Post-war
In 1942 and 1945 Cronin served as president of the Institution of Water Engineers.  He was a member of the American Water Works Association from 1944 and in 1956 was awarded honorary membership in recognition for his devotion to duty during the London Blitz.  Cronin wrote a report on the flooding in the Lea Valley following the Winter of 1946–47 in the United Kingdom.

Cronin was promoted to colonel in the Engineer and Railway Staff Corps on 6 September 1950. Cronin retired from the corps on 25 February 1957, receiving permission to retain the use of his rank. Cronin was elected president of the Institution of Civil Engineers in May 1952 for the November 1952 to November 1953 session. Cronin addressed the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1953 and in 1954 was appointed a fellow of Imperial College London. Cronin retired from the Metropolitan Water Board in 1959 and died in 1977.

References

Bibliography

1894 births
1977 deaths
Military personnel from Rutland
Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers officers
Recipients of the Military Cross
Royal Engineers officers
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
People from Ketton
Presidents of the Institution of Civil Engineers
British Army personnel of World War I
Engineer and Railway Staff Corps officers


Thorsten Barg (born 25 August 1986 in Herrenberg) is a German football player, who currently is playing for TSG Wörsdorf as a playing-coach. His brother is Benjamin Barg.

Career
He made his debut on the professional league level in the 2. Bundesliga for SV Wehen Wiesbaden on 8 March 2009, when he started in a game against Rot-Weiss Ahlen.

Statistics

References

External links

 Thorsten Barg on Fupa

1986 births
Living people
People from Herrenberg
Footballers from Stuttgart (region)
German men's footballers
VfL Bochum players
VfL Bochum II players
Karlsruher SC II players
SV Wehen Wiesbaden players
2. Bundesliga players
3. Liga players
Men's association football defenders


21 Vulpeculae is a single, white-hued star in the northern constellation of Vulpecula. Its distance can be estimated from the annual parallax shift of , yielding a separation of 313 light years. The star is faintly visible to the naked eye at night, having an apparent visual magnitude of 5.19. It is moving further away with a heliocentric radial velocity of about +7 km/s, having come within  around 4.2 million years ago.

There is some disagreement about the class of this star. Cowley et al. (1969) listed it as an A-type subgiant star with a stellar classification of A7 IVn, where the 'n' notation indicates "nebulous" lines due to rapid rotation. The luminosity class of IV suggests the star has exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core and is evolving away from the main sequence. Slettebak (1982) classified it as an A5 IV shell star and it was so regarded by Hauck & Jaschek (2000), while Abt & Morrell (1995) listed it with a class of A5 Vn, indicating a rapidly-rotating A-type main-sequence star. It is a Delta Scuti type variable star, with a dominant pulsation period of 0.1881 days and an amplitude of 0.016 in magnitude.

David and Hillenbrand (2015) found an average mass for this star of 1.61 times the mass of the Sun, whereas Zorec and Royer (2012) list a much higher mass estimate of . It is about 356 million years old with a projected rotational velocity of 222 km/s. This rapid rotation is giving the star an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is an estimated 16% larger than the polar radius. Observations since 1997 suggest 21 Vul has an orbiting disk of gaseous material that is too equatorially confined to make it a shell star. The line strengths from this disk have been decreasing over time.

References

A-type subgiants
A-type main-sequence stars
Delta Scuti variables
Vulpecula
Durchmusterung objects
Vulpeculae, 21
192518
099738
7731
Vulpeculae, NU


The Big East Conference gave five football awards at the conclusion of every season. The awards were first given in 1991 following the conference's first football season, and last given in 2012 before the conference was restructured as the American Athletic Conference. The five awards included Offensive Player of the Year, Defensive Player of the Year, Special Teams Player of the Year, Rookie of the Year, and Coach of the Year. Recipients were selected by the votes of the conference's eight head coaches.

Award recipients included Heisman Trophy winners, NFL first-round draft picks, and NFL All-Star selections. The Miami Hurricanes were the most successful team through the school's tenure with the conference from 1991 to 2004, winning six awards for offensive players, seven for defense, four for special teams, three for Rookie of the Year, and six for Coach of the Year. Every conference member received at least two awards.

Donovan McNabb of Syracuse is the only player to win more than two awards; he was named Rookie of the Year in 1995 and Offensive Player of the Year in 1996, 1997, and 1998. Frank Beamer of Virginia Tech, Dennis Erickson of Miami, and Brian Kelly of Cincinnati were each Coach of the Year three times.

Offensive Player of the Year

The Offensive Player of the Year was awarded to the player voted most-outstanding at an offensive position. The first two awards were given to quarterback Gino Torretta of the University of Miami. In 1992, Torretta was a unanimous selection, the first of only two players to receive that distinction as of 2012. The other unanimous selection was running back Jordan Todman of Connecticut in 2010. There have been three ties: in 1996, 2001, and 2002, and a three-way tie in 2001. Besides Torretta, quarterbacks Ken Dorsey of Miami and Pat White of West Virginia have both been awarded twice; Dorsey's awards in 2001 and 2002 were both ties. Donovan McNabb was selected three times and became the second overall pick in the 1999 NFL Draft. Miami has received the most awards, six before leaving the conference in 2004. Only South Florida (who joined in 2005) and Temple (which joined in 1991, was expelled after the 2004 season, and returned in 2012) have no offensive winners.

Of the 27 winners, there were 15 quarterbacks, eight running backs, three wide receivers, and one tight end. Nine seniors, seven juniors, nine sophomores, and two freshmen were honored.

Winners

Winners by school

Defensive Player of the Year
The Defensive Player of the Year award was given 26 times, with ties in 1991, 2001, 2009, and 2011. Of the 26 winners, 16 were defensive linemen. Seven linebackers and three safeties were honored. Of the recipients, 17 were seniors, eight juniors, and George Selvie the only sophomore.

The first award in 1991 was a tie between Darrin Smith, a Miami linebacker, and George Rooks, a defensive lineman from Syracuse. Miami then won three consecutive awards between 1992 and 1994. Only two players have won the award twice—Corey Moore in 1998 and 1999, and Khaseem Greene, who shared the award in 2011 and won it outright in 2012.

Like Offensive Player of the Year, Miami won the most defensive awards as well, with seven. Pittsburgh follows with the second most awards with five, including the 2009 Co-Defensive Players of the Year, which is the only occasion where two teammates have been co-selected in the same season. During Temple's first tenure in Big East football from 1991 to 2004, its only conference award was when Dan Klecko won Defensive Player of the Year honors in 2002. Of the original 1991 members, Pittsburgh took the longest to win the defensive award, first winning with H.B. Blades in 2006. Pittsburgh won again with another linebacker, Scott McKillop, in 2008. The only member that has failed to win this award is Connecticut, which did not join Big East football until 2004.

Winners

Winners by school

Special Teams Player of the Year
The Special Teams Player of the Year award was given to the player voted best on special teams. The recipient was either be a placekicker, punter, returner, or a position known as a gunner. The first winner was Kevin Williams, a returner from Miami. Andy Lee, a Pittsburgh punter, and Cincinnati kick returner Mardy Gilyard were the only players to receive the award more than once.

There were 24 recipients, with ties in 2002 and 2003. Of the award recipients, 12 were seniors, nine juniors, and three sophomores. Three placekickers won the award, most recently Virginia Tech's Shayne Graham in 1999. Todd Sauerbrun was the first punter to win after he was a unanimous selection in 1994.

Notably, Temple players received both the Special Teams Player of the Year and Rookie of the Year (see below) awards in 2012, the first year of the Owls' last Big East tenure. During Temple's previous tenure in Big East football from 1991 to 2004, the Owls received only one conference award.

Winners

Winners by school

Rookie of the Year
The Rookie of the Year award was given to the conference's best freshman. Tom Tumulty from Pittsburgh was the first winner. Donovan McNabb, Michael Vick, Dion Lewis, Larry Fitzgerald, and Teddy Bridgewater also won Offensive Player of the Year honors, with Vick and Lewis winning both awards in the same season.

Winners

Winners by school

Coach of the Year
Dennis Erickson won the first two awards with Miami in 1991 and 1992 after 12–0 and 11–0 seasons, respectively. Erickson, Brian Kelly (then of Cincinnati), and Frank Beamer of Virginia Tech each won the award three times. Larry Coker, Rich Rodriguez, Charlie Strong, and Walt Harris have each won twice. Miami and Rutgers had the most individual winners of the award, with three. Terry Shea of Rutgers is the only winner after a losing season, while Walt Harris was 6–6 in 1997.

The award was shared twice; both times, Strong was one of the recipients. He shared the award with Randy Edsall in 2010 and Kyle Flood in 2012. Five coaches have won the award in their first year at a school—Harris in 1997, Coker in 2001, Kelly in 2007, Strong in 2010, and Flood in 2012.

Winners

Winners by school

Footnotes
 Miami left the Big East for the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) after 2004.
 The 2012 season was the last for Pittsburgh and Syracuse in the Big East. Both schools will join the ACC in July 2013.
 Virginia Tech left for the ACC after 2004.
 West Virginia left for the Big 12 Conference after 2011.
 Boston College left for the ACC after 2005.
 Louisville has announced it will leave for the ACC after 2013.
 Rutgers has announced it will leave for the Big Ten after 2013.
 Temple, then a football-only member, was expelled from the Big East after the 2004 season due to poor attendance and non-competitiveness. They spent the following two seasons as an independent before becoming a football-only member of the Mid-American Conference in 2007. The Owls returned to Big East football in 2012, and became an all-sports member of the renamed Big East in 2013.
 Michael Vick and Dion Lewis were selected as both Rookie of the Year and Offensive Player of the Year in the same season, 1999 and 2009, respectively.

See also
 American Athletic Conference football individual awards

References

College football conference awards and honors
Big East Conference football


The Institute of State and Law (ISL) of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) (Russian: Институт государства и права Российской академии наук (ИГП РАН)) is the largest scientific legal center in the Russian Federation. The ISL is part of the Philosophical, Sociological, Psychological, and Law Department of RAS. The ISL has 350 employees, including three Academicians, three Corresponding Members of RAS, nearly one hundred Doctors and more than one hundred Candidates of Legal Science. Academician B. N. Topornin is the Academician-Secretary of the Department and the Director of ISL.

History
It was initially founded as the Institute of Soviet Construction at the Communist Academy.  Now the center of Russian scientific legal training and consultative support for State institutions, the ISL also coordinates legal research work, trains legal science staff, and collaborates with international legal groups. By Edict of the Presidium of Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 16.04.75, the ISL was awarded the Labor Red Banner Order for its services in the development of legal sciences and the training of a scientific staff of lawyers. A later edict of the President of Russian Federation of 3.12.94 (No. 2174) entrusted the ISL with the Analytical Center of Legal Policy of the President of the Russian Federation.

Prior Designations

In its history, the ISL has undergone several transformations.  Previously, it has been called:

Institute of Soviet Development (Institut Sovetskogo Stroitelstva - ISS) (1925–1930)
Institute of Soviet Law of the Russian Association of scientific institutes of the social sciences (1923–1930)
Institute of Soviet Development and Law (Institut Sovetskogo Stroitelstva i Prava) (1930–1936)
Institute of State Law of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (Institut Gosudarstvenogo Prava AN SSSR) (1936–1938)
Institute of Law of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (Institut Prava AN SSSR) (1938–1960)
Institute of State and Law of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (Institut Gosudarstva i Prava AN SSSR) (1960–1991)
Current form:  Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

In the 1950s, the ISL carried the honorary name of Andrey Vyshinsky.

Location

The ISL is located on ulitsa Znamenka 10, Moscow (119841), formerly ulitsa Frunze.

Scope of research
The Institute now carries out fundamental and applied studies in the theories of governance and law; studies mechanisms and tendencies in law creation, law implementation and law enforcement; and takes part in drafting legislation.

Teaching
The ISL also contains a teaching unit founded in 1993.  The Academic Law University (Russian: Академический правовой университет (АПУ); translit: Akademichiskii Pravovoi Universitet, APU) offers an undergraduate as well as graduate law degrees.  The professoriate of the APU is composed of ISL fellows.  In 2010, the Academic Law University was renamed to the Academic Law Institute (Russian: Академический правовой институт (АПИ); translit: Akademichiskii Pravovoi Institut, API).

Library and archive

The library of the ISL contains over 300,000 volumes.

Notable academics
Evgeny A. Korovin (1892–1964)
Evgeny Pashukanis (1891–1937), Director of Institute of Law, Russian Academy of Sciences (1925–1936)
Andrey Vyshinsky

See also

Communist Academy
Institute of State and Law of Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences

References

Institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Law schools in Russia
Universities and colleges in Moscow
Law of the Soviet Union
Legal research institutes
Universities and institutes established in the Soviet Union
1925 establishments in the Soviet Union
Research institutes in the Soviet Union


3 Vulpeculae (abbreviated 3 Vul) is a binary star system in the northern constellation of Vulpecula, located around 360 light years away from the Sun. 3 Vulpeculae is its Flamsteed designation. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, blue-white hued star with a baseline apparent visual magnitude of 5.18.

3 Vul has been nicknamed "the Observer's Nightmare" (or its Latin free translation, "Spectatori Error Inextricabilis") by some astronomers because it is difficult to study as its orbital period is close to a year, and additionally it is pulsating with a period close to a day.
From a twenty-year spectroscopic study, Hube and Aikman established a 367-day orbital period, and noted the presence of non-radial pulsations in the primary star. From sparse photometry, the authors also established the star's light variability. They suggested that the primary is a member of the 53 Persei class of variable stars. Such stars are now collectively known by the term slowly pulsating B-type stars. It's photometric variation led to a variable star designation, as V377 Vulpeculae, but the non-reproducibility of the light curve made determination of the pulsation period elusive.

Continuous monitoring of the star by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite has revealed a beat-period phenomenon in the light curve, which causes the luminosity variations to fluctuate in amplitude.  The pulsations are non-radial, that is, the star's photosphere varies in shape rather than volume; different parts of the star are expanding and contracting simultaneously. These gravity waves, or g-mode waves, can be indicative of the interior structure of the star.

The primary member, designated component A, is a most likely a B-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of B6 III.  The star has 4.16 times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 286 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 14,343 K. The secondary has an estimated 0.6–1.1 solar masses.

References

B-type giants
Slowly pulsating B-type stars
Spectroscopic binaries
Vulpecula
Durchmusterung objects
Vulpeculae, 03
182255
095260
7538
Vulpeculae, V377


Edmund Turner (29 January 1792 – December 1848) was an English Liberal Party politician.

He was elected at the 1837 general election as Member of Parliament (MP) for Truro in Cornwall, and held the seat until his death in 1849, aged 56.

References

External links

1792 births
1848 deaths
Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Truro
UK MPs 1837–1841
UK MPs 1841–1847
UK MPs 1847–1852


Belize competed at the 2007 Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from July 13 to 29, 2007. The Belize team consisted of seven athletes (four men and three women) competing in two sports: athletics (track and field) and taekwondo.

Athletics (track and field)

Belize entered six athletes (three per gender).

Key
Note–Ranks given for track events are for the entire round

Track event

Field Events

Taekwondo

Belize entered one male taekwondo athlete.

Men

See also
 Belize at the 2008 Summer Olympics

References

External links
Rio 2007 Official website

Nations at the 2007 Pan American Games
P
2007


John Doane Fay (April 20, 1815 in Northampton, then Montgomery Co., now in Fulton County, New York – June 6, 1895 in Rochester, Monroe County, New York) was an American civil engineer and politician from New York

Life
He was educated at Lowville, New York. On May 6, 1839, he married Caroline M. Saxton, and they had one child. Caroline Fay died on October 11, 1841.

Fay participated with Stephen Clark in re-constructing the Long Bridge over the Potomac, and was a Resident Engineer on the New York State canals from 1841 to 1849. On October 23, 1845, he married Maria Lydia Noble (b. April 24, 1824), and they had eight children.

In 1850, Fay and Orville W. Childs were sent to Nicaragua by Cornelius Vanderbilt to make a survey for the proposed Nicaragua canal. He was Division Engineer of the Western Division of the State Canals from 1852 to 1853, from 1856 to 1860, and from 1874 to 1875.

In 1853, he ran for New York State Engineer and Surveyor on the Hard ticket but was defeated by Whig John T. Clark. In 1855, he ran again but was again defeated, this time by American Silas Seymour.

From 1868 to 1873 he was a Canal Commissioner, elected in 1867 and 1870 on the Democratic ticket.

Sources
 Bios of Engineers, at Rochester history
Fay Genealogy (1898; pages 48, 90 and 142)

1815 births
1895 deaths
People from Northampton, Fulton County, New York
Erie Canal Commissioners
American surveyors
American civil engineers
New York (state) Democrats
Engineers from New York (state)


The Gift of Life Marrow Registry is a public bone marrow and blood stem cell registry headquartered in Boca Raton, Florida. Gift of Life facilitates transplants for children and adults suffering from life-threatening illnesses, including leukemia, lymphoma, other cancers and genetic diseases.

Gift of Life is a non-profit organization. Although it operates a public resource available to patients globally, it does not receive government funding.

History
Gift of Life was founded following a successful bone marrow registration drive to save the life of Jay Feinberg, a 22-year-old analyst with the Federal Reserve.

Feinberg was diagnosed with leukemia in 1991. Since tissue type is inherited, like eye or hair color, a patient's best chance of finding a genetic match lies with those of similar ethnic background. For Feinberg, those were donors of Eastern European Jewish descent. After four years of searching for, a match was found with a 16 year-old girl from Illinois, saving Feinberg's life.

At that time, the worldwide registry was not representative of all ethnic groups. Feinberg felt an urgent need to add diversity to the registry, creating the Gift of Life registry.

Background
Only 30 percent of patients with diseases treatable with a bone marrow transplant can find a suitable donor among their family members. The remaining 70 percent must rely on the generosity of an unrelated donor to save their lives. There are more than 90 marrow and stem cell donor registries in 56 countries.

Gift of Life was the first registry in the world to human leukocyte antigen tissue type bone marrow donors on a mass scale at donor drives using buccal swabs.

Since its inception in 1991, Gift of Life has found over 25,000 matches and facilitated more than 4,500 blood stem cell/bone marrow transplants. More than 430,000 donors are currently registered with Gift of Life.

Collection
Peripheral Blood Stem Cells (PBSC): It is possible to collect stem cells from the peripheral blood rather than the bone marrow. In order to collect a sufficient quantity of stem cells, injections of a medication called filgrastim must be administered. This mobilizes stem cells to travel from the bone marrow into the circulating blood. The stem cells are collected through a procedure called apheresis, the same process used to collect several other types of blood components.  A cell separating machine filters out the stem cells, which can then be infused into the recipient. Today, PBSC is requested approximately 90 percent of the time.

Bone Marrow: Marrow is found in the hollow cavities of the body's large bones. Donation involves withdrawing 2-3 percent of the donor's total marrow from the iliac crest of the hip, posterior aspect of the donor's pelvic bone. There is no cutting or stitching. The procedure involves a needle aspiration, performed using an anesthetic. Typically, the donor enters a medical center’s outpatient facility in the morning and goes home in the afternoon. Today, bone marrow is requested approximately 10 percent of the time.

There are clinical reasons why one cellular source may be more beneficial for the patient over the other. The transplant physician requests one source based on the patient's circumstances. If a donor declines to donate via one method, the transplant center may or may not be able to accept the other, based on the clinical needs of the patient.

Gift of Life – Be the Match Collection Center
In April 2019, Gift of Life opened the Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Gift of Life - Be the Match Collection Center in collaboration with the Be The Match Registry at its Florida headquarters. The Collection Center primarily collects blood stem cells from donors for transplant into a patient. The stem cells are taken by a courier to the patient’s transplant center.

Center for Cell and Gene Therapy
Gift of Life opened a Center for Cell and Gene Therapy at its Boca Raton location in November 2020. The facility houses a Cellular Therapy Laboratory and BioBank. High complexity testing (hematology and flow cytometry), processing (Sepax 2) and cryopreservation are performed at this location.

Other United States Registries
The National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP) is a nonprofit organization founded in 1986 and based in Minneapolis, that operates the Be The Match Registry of volunteer donors and cord blood units. In May 2004, the Gift of Life Marrow Registry and the NMDP formed an associate donor registry relationship together.

DKMS, a German bone marrow registry, also operates a large US bone marrow registry.

References

Further reading

 "Saving a Life is Easier Than You Think". The Huffington Post. May 19, 2015.
 "Equal Opportunity for Those Needing Bone Marrow Transplants". The Huffington Post. March 22, 2016.

External links

 World Marrow Donor Association
 World Marrow Donor Day

Non-profit organizations based in Florida
Transplant organizations
Health charities in the United States
Medical and health organizations based in Florida


Bravo! Vail is an annual classical music festival held in Vail, Colorado. Its current artistic director is Anne-Marie McDermott.

Overview
The six-week-long festival begins in late June and ends in early August. Programming consists of chamber music, classical music, jazz, and pops concerts provided by the Dallas Symphony Orchestra, The Philadelphia Orchestra, and the New York Philharmonic along with chamber music artists.

London's acclaimed Academy of St Martin in the Fields, led by violinist Joshua Bell, was added to the orchestral roster in 2016, making Bravo! Vail a four-orchestra festival. The Academy was both the first international and the first chamber orchestra residency in Bravo's history. In 2019, the Chamber Orchestra Vienna – Berlin featuring German violinist Anne Sophie Mutter will fill this fourth orchestra slot, opening the Bravo! Vail season in their North American and snowstorm debut.
In 2021, The Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra opened the Festival, returning in 2022 to open as well.

History
Bravo! Vail was founded in 1987 by John Giovando and Ida Kavafian.

Orchestral performances by the National Repertory Orchestra and the Colorado Springs Philharmonic Orchestra formed the early chamber concert series. The Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra joined the festival in 1989 and left in 2008. The Detroit Symphony Orchestra joined the festival in 1995, the Dallas Symphony Orchestra in 1999, the New York Philharmonic in 2003, and The Philadelphia Orchestra in 2007.

Flutist Eugenia Zukerman became the festival's artistic director in 1988. In 2011, pianist Anne-Marie McDermott replaced Zukerman.

In 2012, Giovando retired and James W. Palermo, who had recently served as CEO of the Colorado Symphony Association, became Bravo! Vail’s new executive director. Giovando returned to serve as interim executive director in December 2014.

In 2016, Jennifer Teisinger, formerly of the Sun Valley Summer Symphony, became the Festival's new executive director.

Caitlin Murray accepted the position of executive director in 2018. Murray has been associated with Bravo! Vail since 2009, most recently serving as the Vice President of Development.

Performance venues
Bravo! Vail utilizes many venues around Vail and the Eagle Valley during the season, including:
 Gerald R. Ford Amphitheater
 Vilar Performing Arts Center
 Vail Interfaith Chapel
 Edwards Interfaith Chapel and Community Center
 Donovan Pavilion
 Brush Creek Pavilion

Programming
In a typical season, Bravo! Vail provides a number of concerts and events, including:
 Orchestra concerts
 Chamber Music Series
 Classically Uncorked Series
 Free Concert Series
 Linda & Mitch Hart Soirée Series
 Bravo! Vail's Annual Gala
Free Family Concerts
Bravo! Vail After Dark
Education & Community Engagement Events
After-School Piano and Strings Programs
Master Classes
Piano Fellows Program
Pre-Concert Talks
Chamber Musicians in Residence Program
Luis D. Juarez Honorary Music Award
Internship Program

Artists and ensembles who have performed at Bravo! Vail
A number of artists and musical ensembles have performed at Bravo! Vail since it was founded. Below is a list of some of its notable performers:
 Academy of St Martin in the Fields
 Colorado Springs Philharmonic Orchestra
 Dallas Symphony Orchestra
 Colorado Symphony Orchestra
 Detroit Symphony Orchestra
 National Repertory Orchestra
 New York Philharmonic
 Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra
 The Philadelphia Orchestra
 Chamber Orchestra Vienna-Berlin
 The Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra

References

External links
Official Website

Classical music festivals in the United States
Classical music festivals
Music festivals in Colorado
Tourist attractions in Eagle County, Colorado
Recurring events established in 1987
1987 establishments in Colorado


"Beans and Corn Bread" is a 1949 jump blues song by Louis Jordan and His Tympany Five, released by Decca.  It was written by Jordan under his wife's name, Fleecie Moore, and Fred B. Clark.

It is used as the theme song for the WTBS program Dinner and a Movie as well as being featured in the 1992 film Malcolm X.

"Beans and Cornbread" was also the traditional meal served to NASA launch crews following a successful Space Shuttle launch. The tradition was begun on April 12, 1981, by NASA test director Norm Carlson and was continued after every successful launch.

References

1949 singles
Louis Jordan songs
1949 songs
Decca Records singles
Songs written by Louis Jordan


J. Stephanus Stadium is a sports venue in Keetmanshoop in the ǁKaras Region of southern Namibia. It is the home stadium of Fedics United F.C. of the Namibia Premier League.

References

Keetmanshoop
Buildings and structures in ǁKaras Region
Football venues in Namibia


The America East Conference women's basketball tournament is the annual concluding tournament for the NCAA college basketball in the America East Conference. The winner of the annual tournament gains an automatic bid to the NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Championship.

History of the tournament finals

Tournament championships by school

 Schools highlighted in pink are former members of the America East Conference

See also
America East men's basketball tournament

References
America East Championship Results


The Ottoman Seventh Army was a large military formation of the Ottoman Empire in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.  Although designated as an army, at least by 1918, it was only of corps strength.

The Seventh Army was established in 1877 for service in Arabia and the Yemen.  By 1908 it consisted of the 13th and 14th infantry divisions, one cavalry regiment and one artillery regiment and they were involved in combatting insurgent tribesmen in the Yemen.

World War I

Order of Battle, August 1917
In August 1917, the army was structured as follows:

Seventh Army, Syria (Mirliva Mustafa Kemal Pasha)
III Corps
24th Division, 50th Division
XV Corps
19th Division, 20th Division
German Asia Corps

In late 1917, commanded by Fevzi Pasha, the Seventh Army was ordered to advanced across the desert in order to bring pressure to bear upon Allenby's inland flank in Palestine.  While Allenby attacked the Ottoman Eighth Army, his Australian Mounted Division was sent to hold back the advance of the Seventh Army.  The Seventh Army did manage to force the Australians to retreat by several miles but ultimately the Australians held their line.  After the British victory in the Battle of Mughar Ridge on 13 November (which did not directly involve the Seventh Army), Fevzi decided to withdraw the Seventh Army to guard Jerusalem.

Order of Battle, January 1918
In January 1918, the army was structured as follows:

Seventh Army (Mirliva Mustafa Fevzi Pasha)
III Corps
1st Division, 19th Division, 24th Division
XV Corps
26th Division, 53rd Division
3rd Cavalry Division
German Asia Corps

Order of Battle, June 1918

In June 1918, the army was structured as follows:

Seventh Army (Mirliva Mustafa Fevzi Pasha)
III Corps
1st Division, 24th Division, 3rd Cavalry Division
XV Corps
26th Division, 53rd Division, 19th Division
German Asia Corps

Order of Battle, September 1918
In September 1918, the army was structured as follows:

Seventh Army (Mirliva Mustafa Kemal Pasha)
III Corps (Miralay İsmet Bey)
1st Division, 11th Division
XV Corps (Miralay Ali Fuat Bey)
26th Division, 53rd Division

The Seventh Army was destroyed by British aerial bombardment during its retreat from Nablus on 21 September 1918.

After Mudros

Order of Battle, November 1918
In November 1918, the army was structured as follows:

Seventh Army (Mirliva Ali Fuat Pasha, deputy)
III Corps
11th Division, 24th Division
XX Corps
1st Division, 43rd Division

References

Field armies of the Ottoman Empire
Military units and formations of the Ottoman Empire in World War I


Echinochiton is an extinct genus of Ordovician chitons with hollow spines on its margins; these spines, which are unique among the chitons, have a strong organic component and show growth lines.

References

Prehistoric chiton genera
Ordovician molluscs
Monotypic mollusc genera
Fossils of the United States


Binny is a surname and given name which may refer to:

People:
Binny Bansal, Indian billionaire, software engineer and entrepreneur
Binny Yanga (1958–2015), Indian social worker
Archibald Binny (1762/3–1838), co-founder of Binny & Ronaldson, which established the first permanent type foundry in the United States
Roger Binny (born 1955), Indian former test cricket player
Stuart Binny (born 1984), Indian first class cricket player, son of Roger Binny
Vinod Kumar Binny (born 1973), Indian politician

Fictional characters:
Binny Baumann, title character of Binny and the Ghost, a German television series

Businesses:
 Binny's Beverage Depot, chain of liquor stores

See also
Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi or binni, a fish species
Binny and Co., a defunct shipping, textile, banking and insurance firm which was based in Chennai, India
Binnie, a given name and surname
Binay, a surname

Surnames of Indian origin
Feminine given names


The 15th Pan American Games were held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from 13 July to 29 July 2007.

Results by events

Athletics
Arantxa King
Tyrone Smith
Deon Brangman

Bowling
Bobbie Ingham
Patrice Tucker
David Maycock
Kevin Swan

Diving
Katura Horton-Perinchief

Equestrian
Annabelle Collins on Medici (Dressage)
Jill Terceira on Navantus (Showjumping)
Patrick Nisbett on Antille 8 (Showjumping)

Swimming
Kiera Aitken
Roy-Allan Burch

Sailing
Malcolm Smith
Brett Wright
Katrina Williams
Stephen Dickinson
Leatrice Roman

Triathlon

Women's Competition
Flora Duffy
 2:03:13.92 — 12th place

See also
 Bermuda at the 2008 Summer Olympics

References
Bermuda Olympic Committee

Nations at the 2007 Pan American Games
P
2007


Josef Norris (full name Anthony Josef Norris, born April 14, 1965) is an American artist who has made public murals and mosaic portraits.

Work
Norris has created more than 100 murals throughout the United States. He has been commissioned to create murals for Starbucks Coffee Company, the Philadelphia Mural Arts Program, San Francisco Neighborhood Beautification Fund, the City of Oakland, MUNI, and the San Francisco Department of Recreation and Parks.

He was commissioned in 1998 by Starbucks to create a mural at a San Francisco location, and by the Neighborhood Beautification Fund to paint a mural on top of Harvey Milk's camera shop. In 2004 he was commissioned by the Philadelphia Mural Arts Program to create "Camilla's Dream". In 2003 he created the "Performing Arts Mural" located at the Performing Arts Garage at Gough and Fulton Streets. Others, including the 2008 "Jalisa", are located in neighborhoods throughout the San Francisco Bay Area.

Norris was the founder and director of Kid Serve, a non-profit organization that worked with youth to create public art in their communities. In 2008 Kid Serve won an award from San Francisco Beautiful for the mosaic murals created with high school students along Geary Boulevard, including the mural A Sign of Hope. Kid Serve did more than 80 youth mural projects with Bay Area kids from 1999 to 2011, including the Fell Street Mural Project in 2009 with students from San Francisco's Ida B. Wells High School.

Arrest and sentencing
On June 2, 2011 Norris was arrested by US FBI agents for possessing child pornography; over 600 pornographic images of children were found on his home computer, according to an arrest warrant affidavit filed in federal court in San Francisco. Norris' personal web site and Kid Serve site were subsequently deactivated. Norris pleaded guilty to the charges, and in March 2012 he was sentenced to six years in prison.

References

External links
 Huffington Post Report "Anthony Josef Norris, San Francisco Nonprofit Leader, Gets Prison In Child Porn Case" March 29, 2012
 W.K. Kellogg Foundation, Learning In Deed, Project profile interview, October 1, 2003
 San Francisco Unified School District Press Release, "Leonard R. Flynn Elementary School Pays Tribute to Dolores Huerta," February 10, 2003
 Noe Valley Voice School Report, "New Mural Features Endangered Turtle," April 2005
 Western Edition.com, "Local High School Unveils New Mural," January 2, 2009
 SF Mosaic.com News, Travel Diary, "Josef Norris Mural Unveiling," 2005
 San Francisco Beautiful Newsletter, Vol. 21, #3, Fall 2007
 California Council for the Humanities, California Story Fund, Program Profile
 Society of American Mosaic Artists, Members Meeting and Presentation, March 2009
 Gateway High School Press Release "Gateway High School Students Unveil a Mural of Hope," June 5, 2006

Artists from San Francisco
American muralists
1965 births
Living people
Eastern Michigan University alumni