Alexander Ljungqvist is a Swedish economist, educator, scholar, writer, and speaker. He is a professor of finance at the Stockholm School of Economics, where he is the inaugural holder of the Stefan Persson Family Chair in Entrepreneurial Finance. His areas of expertise include corporate finance, investment banking, initial public offerings, entrepreneurial finance, private equity, venture capital, corporate governance, and asset pricing. Professor Ljungqvist teaches MBA and executive courses in private equity and venture capital and a PhD course in corporate finance.

Biography
Ljungqvist received an MSc in economics and business from Lund University in Sweden and his MA, MPhil, and DPhil degrees in economics from Nuffield College at Oxford University. After teaching for five years at Oxford University's Said Business School and Merton College, where he held the Bankers Trust Fellowship, Ljungqvist joined New York University Stern School of Business in 2000, received tenure in 2005, became a full professor in 2007, and was appointed to the Ira Rennert Chair in Finance and Entrepreneurship in 2009. Between 2014 and 2018, Ljungqvist served as the Sidney Homer Director of NYU's Salomon Center. He was previously director of research of NYU's Berkley Center for Entrepreneurial Studies. He left NYU in 2018 to join SSE.  He has held visiting appointments at Harvard Business School, Northwestern University's Kellogg School of Management, London Business School, the University of Sydney, Tokyo University, National University of Singapore, and Cambridge University, where he held the Sir Evelyn de Rothschild Fellowship.

From 2008 to 2014, Ljungqvist served as editor of the Review of Financial Studies, one of the leading scholarly journal in financial economics. He is also a research fellow of the Centre for Economic Policy Research in London, a Founder and Senior Academic Fellow of the Asian Bureau of Financial and Economic Research in Singapore, a Fellow of the Research Institute of Industrial Economics in Stockholm (IFN), a Member of the European Corporate Governance Institute in Brussels (ECGI), and a Co-Founder of the Nordic Initiative for Corporate Economics (NICE). Prior to his return to Europe in 2018, he was a research associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research in Cambridge, MA.

Business experience
Ljungqvist currently serves on the board of directors of the Sixth Swedish National Pension Fund (AP6), which as of 2021 manages SEK 67.3 billion of assets invested in private equity and venture capital funds and unlisted companies on behalf of the Swedish public pension system.  He has previously served as a securities market regulator via the Nasdaq Listing Council (2011-2017), on the World Economic Forum's Council of Experts overseeing the "Alternative Investments 2020" project (2012-2015), on a World Economic Forum working group tasked with "Rethinking financial innovation" (2011-2012), on the UK Department for Business Panel of Experts overseeing the 2014 review of the UK equity markets on behalf of the then Secretary of State for Business, the Rt. Hon. Sir Vince Cable (2013-2014), on the supervisory board of mAbxience SA, a European biosimilars company (2014-2016), and on the board of the Stockholm School of Economics (2018-2020). In the 2000s, he designed alternative investment strategies for Deutsche Bank Securities on Wall Street. Between 1995 and 2000, he was a senior consultant with OXERA Ltd where he advised corporate clients on questions of regulatory economics and corporate strategy. He has consulted for the European Central Bank, the World Bank, Catalano Gallardo & Petropoulos LLP, British Gas, Transco, British Telecom, United Utilities, Stagecoach, Severn Trent, Tradepoint plc, Australian Gas, Telstra, among others.

Honors and awards
In 2019, Dr. Ljungqvist was appointed a Wallenberg Scholar by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, only the second economist to be awarded this honor. In 2011, he was honored with the Ewing Marion Kauffman Prize Medal for his work in entrepreneurship.

Other honors and awards include the following:

2021 - EMBA Teacher of the Year Award, Stockholm School of Economics
2019 - UNSW Business School Distinguished Scholar Award
2018 - Stefan Persson Family Chair in Entrepreneurial Finance
2016 - Nominated for “Professor of the Year” Award, NYU
2016 - Award for the Best Paper in Accounting, MIT Asia Conference
2015 - Mitsui Distinguished Visiting Scholar, University of Michigan
2015 - Johan & Jakob Söderberg Visiting Professor, Swedish House of Finance at the Stockholm School of Economics
2014 - Emerald Citations of Excellence Award
2014 - 27th AFBC BlackRock Prize
2014 - Award for the Best Paper in Asset Pricing, SFS Cavalcade
2014 - Charles River Associates Award for the Best Paper on Corporate Finance, WFA
2014 - Fung Visiting Professor, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
2014 - IAS Visiting Professor, Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study, Hong Kong
2013 - Founding Senior Academic Fellow, Asian Bureau of Finance and Economic Research
2013 - Rising Star of Finance Award
2013 - Glucksman Award, NYU
2012 - Honorary Conference Chair, Asian Finance Association meetings, Taipei
2011 - Ewing Marion Kauffman Prize Medal for Distinguished Research in Entrepreneurship
2011 - Research Associate, NBER
2011 - Emerald Citations of Excellence Award
2011 - Sir Evelyn de Rothschild Fellow, Cambridge University
2010 - Sir Evelyn de Rothschild Fellow, Cambridge University
2009 - Ira Rennert Endowed Chair in Finance and Entrepreneurship, NYU
2009 - Argentum Best Paper Prize, European Finance Association meetings, Bergen
2009 - Teaching Excellence Award, NYU
2009 - Sir Evelyn de Rothschild Fellow, Cambridge University
2008 - Glucksman Award, NYU
2008 - Best Paper Award in Financial Markets, FMA meetings, Dallas
2007 - Research Professor of Finance, NYU
2007 - Barclays Global Investors Prize for Best Paper, Sydney
2007 - Glucksman Award, NYU
2007 - FIRN Visitor, Australia
2005 - Nominated for “Professor of the Year” Award, NYU
2005 - Research Fellow, CEPR
2004 - Charles Schaefer Faculty Fellow, NYU
2003 - Charles Schaefer Faculty Fellow, NYU
2003 - Glucksman Award, NYU
2002 - CDC Award for Best Paper, NYU
2002 - Glucksman Award, NYU
1998 - Oxford University “Best MBA Elective Teacher” Award
1996 - Bankers Trust Fellow, Merton College, Oxford
1995 - Research Affiliate, CEPR

Keynotes and invited lectures
2019 - Keynote speaker, Lund University
2019 - Keynote speaker, Swedish National PhD Workshop in Finance, Stockholm
2019 - Keynote speaker, Taiwan Finance Association, Taipei
2019 - Invited speaker, Tsinghua University, Beijing
2018 - Keynote speaker, Nippon Finance Association/Unison Capital Private Equity Forum, Tokyo
2018 - Keynote speaker, Asian Finance Association meetings, Tokyo
2018 - Keynote speaker, German Finance Association meetings, Trier
2018 - Keynote speaker, European Capital Markets Institute annual conference, Brussels
2018 - Invited lecture, Econometric Society meetings, Shanghai
2017 - Invited speaker, Asian FMA Conference, Taipei
2017 - Invited speaker, 6th Annual Corporate Finance Conference, Exeter
2016 - Inaugural Henry Grunfeld Lecture, Chartered Institute of Bankers/Institute of Financial Services, London
2016 - Keynote speaker, 29th Australasian Finance and Banking conference, Sydney
2016 - Keynote speaker, Knut Wicksell Centre for Financial Studies, Lund
2015 - Dean’s Lecture, City University London
2014 - Distinguished Public Lecture, Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study, Hong Kong
2014 - Keynote speaker, Frontiers in Finance Conference, Warwick
2014 - Invited speaker, Asian FMA Conference, Tokyo
2014 - Invited speaker, Finance Symposium, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
2014 - Invited speaker, Corporate Finance Conference, University of Minnesota
2012 - Keynote speaker, Coller Institute’s Private Equity Findings Symposium, London
2012 - Keynote speaker, Singapore International Finance Conference
2012 - Opening keynote, Asian Finance Association meetings, Taipei
2012 - Dean’s Distinguished Lecture, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
2011 - Keynote speaker, Asian Finance Association meetings, Macau
2011 - Keynote speaker, Kauffman Foundation Symposium, Denver
2011 - Keynote speaker, Finance & Accounting Forum, Brisbane
2011 - Keynote speaker, New Year’s Conference, WHU Otto Beisheim School of Management
2011 - Distinguished Lecture, NYUAD Institute, Abu Dhabi
2010 - Inaugural Sir Evelyn de Rothschild Lecture, Cambridge University
2010 - Keynote speaker, EFM Symposium on Entrepreneurial Finance & Venture Capital Markets, Montreal
2009 - Keynote speaker, Asian Finance Association meetings, Brisbane
2009 - Keynote speaker, XVII Foro de Finanzas, Spanish Finance Association (AEFIN) annual meetings, Madrid
2005 - Keynote speaker, Canadian Investment Review (CIR) Conference on Alternative Investments, Monticello

Significant scholarships
1994 - Nuffield College Third Year Scholarship, Oxford
1994 - ESRC Research Award (for studies at Oxford)
1993 - Dr. Marcus Wallenberg Scholarship (for studies at Oxford)
1993 - Citibank Scholarship (for studies at Oxford)
1993 - Royal Bank of Canada Award
1992 - ESRC Studentship (declined)
1992 - Dr. Marcus Wallenberg Scholarship (for studies at Oxford)
1992 - Citibank Scholarship (for studies at Oxford)
1991 - Jubilee Prize of the Lund Academic Society*1990 - Dr. Marcus Wallenberg Scholarship (for studies at Oxford)
1990 - Erik Nylander Scholarship (for studies at Lund University)
1989 - Michael Hansen College Scholarship (for studies at Lund University)
1989 - Erik Nylander Scholarship (for studies at Lund University)

Publications
Professor Ljungqvist has written more than forty articles, monographs, and working papers.  He has published articles in leading scholarly journals, including the Journal of Finance, the Review of Financial Studies, and the Journal of Financial Economics.

References

External links
NYU Stern Profile
Alexander Ljungqvist’s Biography
Oxford University Press
Entry in Who's Who

Swedish emigrants to the United States
New York University Stern School of Business faculty
Alumni of Nuffield College, Oxford
Swedish scholars and academics
Living people
Academics of the University of Cambridge
Academics of London Business School
Fellows of Merton College, Oxford
Lund University alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)


The Department of Environment, Parks, Heritage and the Arts (DEPHA) was a government department of the Australian state of Tasmania, that included many of the agencies that manage Tasmania's natural and cultural heritage.  As at 1 July 2010 it was amalgamated with the Department of Primary Industries and Water to form the Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment (DPIPWE).

DEPHA incorporated or had close ties to the following government businesses:

Arts Tasmania
Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery
Tasmanian Parks and Wildlife Service
Aboriginal Heritage Tasmania
Heritage Tasmania
Royal Tasmanian Botanical Gardens
Environment
Port Arthur Historic Site Management Authority
Wellington Park Management Trust

In February 2008, Tourism Tasmania and Events Tasmania moved to the Department of Economic Development and Tourism.  On 1 July 2010 Arts Tasmania and the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery also moved to the Department of Economic Development, Tourism and the Arts.

DEPHA also provided support to:
 Environment Protection Authority
 www.depha.tas.gov.au
 www.environment.tas.gov.au

Environment


Ludwig Piskaçek (16 November 1854, Karcag, Hungary – 19 September 1932, Vienna) was an Austrian obstetrician remembered for describing Piskaçek's sign.

He trained in Vienna, gaining his doctorate in 1882. He became apprentice in surgery at the Albert Clinic until 1884, then assistant at the second obstetrical clinic under Josef Späth (1823–1896) and his successor August Breisky (1832–1889) until 1888. He became professor of obstetrics in Linz in 1890, and in Vienna in 1901.

He was the author of a textbook on midwifery that was published over several editions, Lehrbuch für Schülerinnen des Hebammenkurses und Nachschlagebuch für Hebammen.

References

External links

Austrian gynaecologists
Physicians from Austria-Hungary
1854 births
1932 deaths
People from Karcag
Academic staff of the University of Vienna


Timestorm 2009–2099 is a 2009 Marvel Comics limited series. It was written by Brian Reed with pencils by Eric Battle. The series is a crossover between the mainstream Marvel Universe and a universe very similar to, but with notable differences from, the Marvel 2099 universe.

Publication history
Timestorm 2009–2099 is a four-issue mini-series, with two one-shots to give the story extra depth. These two one-shots focus on Spider-Man and Wolverine, with art by Wes Craig and Frazer Irving, respectively.

Synopsis

In the future, Jake Gallows is sent to the present by Alchemax CEO Tyler Stone to eliminate superheroes. Gallows uses a chrono-device to send Spider-Man and Wolverine to his own time, thereby altering the future. There, Miguel O'Hara meets with some of his friends (Kron Stone, Dana D'Angelo, Reilly and Xina) to see a combatant called the Human Torch at an underground arena. Elsewhere, Shakti Haddad is taken into custody by officers of the "Public Eye", wearing uniforms reminiscent of Jake Gallows'. In her cell, Shakti meets Spider-Man and realizes that he does not belong. Wolverine, meanwhile, finds himself in front of a group of Gamma-irradiated monsters. He is rescued by Kenshiro Cochrane, who mistakenly thinks he is one of Logan's children. While still imprisoned, Peter and Shakti experience another time event, altering some buildings in an explosion. At that precise moment, Miguel and classmate Kron Stone find themselves in the midst of that explosion, along with their experimented-upon arachnids (Miguel's Spider and Kron's Scorpion). In the hospital where Miguel and Kron are taken, George is glad to find that Miguel is alright, while Tyler is saddened and distressed that his son has not survived. With George and Miguel leaving, Tyler falls into tears having removed the sheet covering Kron's body, revealing that his son has the half mutated body of a scorpion. Tyler arranges for his son to be transferred to Alchemax in a tube, where his appearance cannot be seen.

Peter recovers, breaks out of his cell and retrieves his mask and web-shooters. He escapes with Shakti and goes into hiding while hunted by law enforcement. Within a week, Miguel develops new spider powers, obtained in the blast. Deciding to try his newfound powers, he falls due to a lack of confidence and is caught by Spider-Man, who is with Shakti.

Near them, an explosion issues from the Alchemax building. Spider-Man leaves to investigate and Miguel, in his own Spider-Man costume designed by Shakti, assists him. Inside the building, the team encounter and defeat the Scorpion (who they do not recognize as Kron). With the Public Eye's arrival at the scene, both Spider-Men are forced to stop them, but Miguel's father is left as a witness. In the aftermath, Spider-Man insists that Miguel get rid of his costume and stop acting as Spider-Man, fearing that he might be killed. Spider-Man then takes off, realizing that Shakti is missing. Without heeling Spider-Man's advice, Miguel wears the costume again and enters an underground arena as a combatant facing off against the Human Torch. Although Miguel is defeated, the Torch is impressed with his skills and offers to teach him to fight, but Miguel is unable to reply as the guards shock them unconscious.

In the meantime, Ghost Rider 2099 drops Logan in a former mutant-internment facility in a desert wasteland, formerly known as Maryland. There, Logan comes face-to-face with his future self, a bald old man with only his right arm, who now leads the new team of X-Men, headquartered at the facility. He also meets a new generation mutant named Henri Huang (code name Meanstreak) and robot bodyguard Junkpile, as well as two other mutants in the facility: Ruth Kristen Porter (Krystalin) and Lemuel (Bloodhawk).

Logan later discovers that the entire wasteland has been overrun by Hulks, who have eaten most of its food supplies and leave portions only for some civilizations, allowing others to starve. The X-Men have gained some co-operation from certain human civilizations for support, and perform joint operations against the Hulks as they attempt to restore a human civilization in Baltimore. When a group of human soldiers begins an assault against a group of Hulks, the X-Men, along with Logan, join the fight and kill several Hulks. When Ghost Rider arrives, the 2099 Logan asks Wolverine to go with him and find the one person that will help them. When Ghost Rider and Wolverine arrive at the Smithsonian in Washington D.C., they enter an old building and head towards the basement, where Wolverine is shocked to discover that Doctor Doom is there, barely alive. Doom reveals to Wolverine that both he and Spider-Man are in the future and that the timestream is in a state of chaos; he tells them that he plans to assist them before he dies.

While imprisoned in the Arena Cell, both Miguel (Spider-Man) and Relur (the Human Torch) reveal their identities to each other. Relur is one of the few existing Atlantian Mutants who were able to escape; he attributes his success to his fire ability; Miguel reveals his name and why he is there. After their discussion the two escape. Meanwhile, George tricks Lyla and puts her out of commission for a few hours. He then hacks into the Chronosphere and is surprised to see that it shows Jake Gallows, but is even more surprised that he is in the past.

When George tries to contact Jake, Jake mistakes him for Thor, which puzzles George and gives him cause to question what Tyler was doing. While still searching for Shakti, Spider-Man sees both Miguel and Relur pass by and confronts Miguel as to why he still wears his Spider-Man costume. In the Smithsonian, Doctor Doom reveals to both Logan and Kenshiro that they must find Shakti in New York before he dies, but not before another time event is experienced. The damaged time stream allows past and future eras to clash, causing individuals to crossover and leaving both Shakti and the Hulks in 2009 New York.

Characters

Main characters
Peter Parker/Spider-Man – Sent to the future by a determined Jake Gallows, Peter is captured by the Public Eye. He meets Miguel who recently became the new Spider-Man and worries for his safety.

Miguel O'Hara/Spider-Man 2099 – A highschool student attending Pym Academy and son of Alchemax scientist George O'Hara. Miguel was caught in an explosion caused by the time flux while in class experimenting a spider, causing particles from the spider to transfer onto Miguel, granting him spider powers. Although inexperienced, he dons the identity of Spider-Man.

Logan/Wolverine – Transported into the year 2099 by Jake Gallows while tracking down members of the Hand with Luke Cage, Logan ends up in a desert wasteland, once Washington D.C., where he is confronted by a group of Hulks.

Logan/Wolverine 2099 – The future version of Logan, who is now an old man with no hair who had lost his right arm due to his battles against the Hulks. He found a new race of mutants and recruits them to his X-Men team. Their headquarters are in a former Mutant containment facility called Fort Dawson in Maryland. Logan and his team are trying to rebuild Baltimore, which was destroyed in a war, and must restore civilization and defend it against an army of mindless Hulks.

Jake Gallows/Punisher 2099 – An employee of Alchemax and law enforcer of the "Public Eye", Jake travels back in time and is responsible for sending both Spider-Man and Wolverine to 2099. He has a strong hatred for the Heroes and would not hesitate to kill them, as his family was killed by armed, men wearing X-Men masks. It is later revealed that his co-workers were responsible for his family's death because Gallows had previously testified about a crime.

Shakti Haddad/Cerebra 2099 – A mutant girl with brain-like hair who has the power to reveal someone's history, both past and future, through touch. Shakti met Peter while they were imprisoned. She escaped with Peter and met Miguel, who was testing his powers, and suggested the design of Miguel's Spider-Man costume.

Villains
Tyler Stone – Alchemax's Chief Executive, Tyler approved the development of the "Chronosphere" system, which monitors all of society and was responsible for the history alterations made using Jake Gallows as the voice of Thor. He unintentionally caused the explosion which placed Kron, mostly in a Scorpion body.

Kron Stone/Scorpion 2099 – A high school bully and son of Alchemax's Chief Executive Tyler Stone. Kron was caught in the blast with Miguel while in his classroom, due to the blast from the time flux, unintentionally caused by his father and Jake in the past. He was exposed to the Scorpion's particles and has the Scorpion's appearance.

The Announcer – A man who watches his combatants fight to the death in the Ultimate Combat Arena for public ratings. Responsible for coordinating most of the fights and mostly involves the Human Torch.

Other characters
 George O'Hara – The father of Miguel O'Hara and a scientist of Alchemax, George has been taking care of his son since his wife died and is worried for Miguel's safety. George has growing suspicious about Tyler Stone and Lyla are doing with Chronosphere and tries to find out what he is planning.
 Lyla – A holographic system and assistant of Alchemax CEO Tyler Stone, Lyla notifies him about the history alteration and its progress, Lyla also notifies George about his son, Miguel. She appears to know about the events involving the Chronosphere, which causes George to doubt her and Stone. She is shut down for three hours while George and his friends observe what is inside the chronosphere, and links with Jake Gallows.
 Relur/Human Torch 2099 – An Atlantean with fire-based superhuman abilities and a combatant who has won countless victories in the underground arenas. He admires Miguel as he is the only one to have lasted longer than any of his prior opponents. He is one of the few Atlanteans to develop mutant powers, but because of his fire-based abilities, the other Atlanteans deemed him a threat, forcing Relur to escape to the surface world.
 Kenshiro Cochrane/Ghost Rider 2099 – Kenshiro first met Logan thinking he was one of Logan's children. He is revealed to be a part of an organization called O.R.B.I.T.
 Hulk 2099 – As opposed to the original Hulk 2099, Hulks have become a species, as a gamma bomb was dropped on Washington D.C., turning all into Hulks. In a desert wasteland formerly known as Washington D.C., many other Hulks appear to have targeted Wolverine, who was transported by Jake and first encountered them and survived. Throughout the years the Hulk population expanded, leaving a portion of food left for humans to eat. Since then both human forces and existing mutants have been fighting the Hulks to preserve the food.
 Henri Huang/Meanstreak – A mutant who can run as fast as Quicksilver and is part of Logan's new X-Men team. Meanstreak is an easy going person who enjoys the speed.
 Lemuel/Bloodhawk – A red winged mutant and another member of Logan's X-Men team. This version of Bloodhawk is female and has the ability to give life or take it with only a touch, similar to Xi'an.
 Ruth Kristen Porter/Krystalin – Another member of Logan's X-Men, Ruth has the ability to absorb pollution from the air, turn it into crystals and use them for offensive maneuvers, but has trouble aiming.
 Junkpile – An android and bodyguard of the X-Men team, this version of Junkpile formerly belonged to Tony Stark before it was destroyed. It was later rebuilt and was given its own personality, similar to Tony's.
 Doctor Doom – First appeared near the end of Timestorm 2009–2099: X-Men. Doom was contained in a facility, barely alive but nearing his end, in the Smithsonian in Washington, D.C., where he was found by Logan and Ghost Rider. In Timestorm 2009–2099 #3, he gives Ghost Rider 2099 information to find Shakti Haddad in Manhattan. He then dies.

Minor characters
 Dana D'Angelo – A classmate and love interest of Miguel, Dana is attracted to Kron Stone and is friends with Reilly and Xina. This version of Dana has light purple hair colour.
 Xina – The girlfriend of Reilly and friend of Dana. Xina does not like having Miguel around, but has allowed him since he is with Dana and is somewhat a friend of Reilly.
 Reilly – Xina's boyfriend and friends of Kron Stone. Reilly is somewhat of a friend of Miguel, but mostly hangs out with Kron because of their interest in sports.

Editions
The series was collected into a single hardcover volume:

 Timestorm 2009/2099 (collects Timestorm 2009–2099 #1–4, Timestorm 2009–2099: Spider-Man, Timestorm 2009–2099: X-Men), 144 pages, December 2009,

Reception
IGN gave the first issue a 7.2 out of 10 and the second issue 5.7 out of 10.

References

External links

Crossover comics
One-shot comic titles
Comics about time travel


Aleksey Sayarovich Arifullin () (13 October 1970 − 28 September 2017) was a Russian association footballer.

Club career
Arifullin played in the Russian Top League with FC Lokomotiv Moscow, FC Krylia Sovetov Samara and FC Dynamo Moscow. He never scored in a league match, and is one of a few players to make more than 100 appearances in the league without scoring a goal.

Honours
 Russian Premier League runner-up: 1995, 1999.
 Russian Premier League bronze: 1994, 1998.
 Russian Cup winner: 1996, 1997, 2000.
 Russian Cup finalist: 1990, 1998.

International career
Born in Moscow, Arifullin played his only international game for Russia on 22 April 1998 in a friendly against Turkey.

European club competitions
All with FC Lokomotiv Moscow.

 UEFA Cup 1993–94: 2 games.
 UEFA Cup 1995–96: 2 games.
 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 1996–97 : 1 game.
 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 1997–98: 7 games (reached semifinal).
 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 1998–99: 7 games (reached semifinal).
 UEFA Cup 1999–2000: 5 games.

References

External links
  Profile

1970 births
2017 deaths
Soviet men's footballers
Russian men's footballers
Russia men's international footballers
Soviet Top League players
Russian Premier League players
FC Lokomotiv Moscow players
FC Moscow players
PFC Krylia Sovetov Samara players
FC Dynamo Moscow players
Footballers from Moscow
Men's association football defenders


Rev. John Keep (April 20, 1781 – February 11, 1870) was a trustee of Oberlin College from 1834 to 1870. Keep and William Dawes toured England in 1839 and 1840 gathering funds for Oberlin College in Ohio. They both attended the 1840 anti-slavery convention in London.

Early life and career
Keep was born, April 20, 1781, in Longmeadow, then a precinct of Springfield, Mass. Of a family of nine children he was the seventh.  He graduated from Yale College in 1802.   He taught a school in Bethlehem, Connfor a year after he graduated. He read theology at the same time with pastor Rev. Dr. Azel Backus. He continued his theological studies for another year with Rev. Asahel Hooker, of Goshen, Conn., and was licensed by Litchfield North Association, June 11, 1805. The next Sunday he preached in the Congregational Church in Blandford, Mass., and immediately received an invitation to settle there, which he accepted. He remained there for 16 years. In May 1821, he moved to the Congregational Church in Homer, N. Y., and was installed November 7. In 1833 he resigned because of his sympathy with the "new measures" of revivalists. For the following year he preached in the Presbyterian Church in Cleveland, Ohio, and then organized the First Congregational Church in Ohio City (now Cleveland, West Side), and became its pastor.

Oberlin College
In 1834, Keep was elected a Trustee of Oberlin College.  Keep was renowned for championing the values that Oberlin College eventually became renowned for. He championed rights for women, black students and missionary zeal.  Keep was the person who cast the deciding vote in 1835 that allowed black students to enter Oberlin College in Ohio.

Keep and William Dawes both undertook a fund raising mission in England in 1839 and 1840 to raise funds from sympathetic abolitionists. Oberlin College was one of the few multi-racial and co-educational colleges in America at that time. The appeal was carefully written and supported by leading American abolitionist like William Lloyd Garrison, Henry Grew, Henry Brewster Stanton and Wendell Phillips.

Both Keep and Dawes are credited with helping to start the collection of African Americana at Oberlin College which inspired other writers. Keep appears in the large painting by Benjamin Robert Haydon which is on permanent display at London's National portrait gallery although he is obscured by other convention attendees. The people that Keep corresponded with, John Scoble, Joseph Sturge and George Thompson, and who welcomed them in London are clearly in the picture.

When Keep returned to Oberlin they had raised $30,000. Keep became the "father" to the girls at the college who lived at his house. One of the women who stayed with him was the sculptor Edmonia Lewis who eventually left after being falsely accused of poisoning other students with a reported aphrodisiac and of facing other accusations and racial prejudice.

Keep died there on February 11, 1870, and in 1889 the house was bought by the college. His house was used as a dormitory for female "indigent" students until it was rebuilt in 1912. The rebuilding was funded by Keep's granddaughter who commissioned Normand Patton to design Keep Cottage to sleep 80 women with room for 110 to dine. In 1966 the rules were changed to allow co-educational dormitories.

References

External links

Oberlin College faculty
American abolitionists
People from Oberlin, Ohio
1781 births
1870 deaths
Yale University alumni
American Congregationalist ministers
People from Longmeadow, Massachusetts
Activists from Ohio
Congregationalist abolitionists


Michel Shehadeh born in 1956, in Amman, Jordan, to a Palestinian Christians family, is the Palestinian-American executive director of the Arab Film Festival and the former Western Regional director of the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (1996-2003).

The Palestinian-raised Shehadeh relocated to the United States for college in 1975. In 1987, he was the subject of investigation by the US Government as a suspected abettor of terrorists, one of the media-dubbed "Los Angeles Eight", but Shehadeh and the other seven individuals were cleared of charges in 2007.

Shehadeh holds a BA in Journalism and a Master's in Public Administration from California State University, Long Beach.

References

External links
  Michel Shehadeh, IMEU
 Arab Film Festival

Living people
American people of Palestinian descent
Year of birth missing (living people)


Hiram Edmund Deats (May 20, 1870 – March 16, 1963) was an American philatelist, historian and publisher from Flemington, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. He was especially acclaimed for his collection of revenue stamps.

Life and family
Hiram Edmund Deats was born on May 20, 1870, in the Brookville section of Stockton to Hiram Deats (1810–1887) and Elmira Stevenson (1830–1908).

In 1929, he donated several pieces of agricultural equipment made by the Deats company, started by his father, to Rutgers University under the care of Professor Wabun C. Krueger. This collection, including the Deats plow, patented by his grandfather, John Deats, became important in the creation of the New Jersey Museum of Agriculture in 1990.

He died on March 16, 1963.

Collecting interests
As a youth, Deats started collecting postage stamps of the United States and the Confederate States of America and eventually created one of the finest collections of his era, eventually selling the collection.

Deats specialized in the collecting of United States revenue stamps, and his collection, which in 1888 included the revenue collection of Edward Boker Sterling, was unsurpassed. George L. Toppan and Alexander Holland used this collection as a basis for writing, in 1899, An Historical Reference List of the Revenue Stamps of the United States Including the Private Die Proprietary Stamps, which was re-printed in 1979 as The Boston Revenue Book.

Deats also formed one of the finest libraries of philatelic books and literature in the United States, which, in 1952, he donated to the Free Library of Philadelphia.

Philatelic activity
At the age of 16, Deats joined the American Philatelic Association (later renamed the American Philatelic Society) and served the society in various ways, including serving as president and generally attending at conventions.

Historian
From 1890 to 1957, he was the librarian for the Hunterdon County Historical Society. The library is now known as the Hiram E. Deats Memorial Research Library.

From 1891 to 1905, he was editor and publisher of The Jerseyman, a journal of local history and genealogy.

Honors and awards
Deats signed the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1933 and was named to the American Philatelic Society Hall of Fame in 1963.

See also
 Philately
 Philatelic literature

References

External links

1870 births
1963 deaths
Philatelic literature
American philatelists
People from Flemington, New Jersey
People from Stockton, New Jersey
Signatories to the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists
American Philatelic Society
Deats family


The territory of Saint Barthélemy consists of Saint Barthelemy and the near islands.

Champions per year
2003/04: FC Gustavia
2004/05: FC Beach-Hôtel
2005/06: FC Beach-Hôtel
2006/07: FC Amicale (ex FC Beach-Hôtel)
2007/08: ASPSB (Association Sportive Portugaise de Saint Barthélémy)
2008/09: ASPSB
2009/10: ASPSB
2010/11: ASPSB
2011/12: FC Amicale (ex FC Beach-Hôtel)
2012/13: Ouanalao FC
2013/14: Ouanalao FC
2014/15: AS Gustavia
2015/16: AS Gustavia
2016/17: ASPSB
2017/18: FC Arawak
2018/19: ASPSB
2020: Cancelled
2021: Team FWI
2022: Team FWI
2023: FC Arawak

See also
Saint-Martin Championships

References

RSSSF

Saint Barthélemy football competitions


This page shows the results of the Bowling Competition for men and women at the 1995 Pan American Games, held from March 11 to March 26, 1995, in Mar del Plata, Argentina. The event was included for the third time at the Pan American Games.

Men's competition

Singles

Doubles

Teams

All-Events

Women's competition

Singles

Doubles

Teams

All-Events

Medal table

References
 Sports 123
 bowlingdigital

Events at the 1995 Pan American Games
1995
1995 in bowling


Jan Hauser (born 19 January 1985 in Glarus) is a Swiss curler from Zürich. He currently plays third for Ralph Stöckli.

Hauser was a fairly successful junior curler. In his third World Junior Curling Championships, in 2003, he skipped Switzerland to a bronze medal finish.

In 2007, he joined forces with Stöckli, as his third. At his first World Championship in 2007, the team finished fourth. He returned to the World Championships with Stöckli in 2009.

In February 2010 he represented Team Switzerland at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Teammates
2010 Vancouver Olympic Games

Ralph Stöckli, Skip

Markus Eggler, Second

Simon Strübin, Lead

Toni Müller, Alternate

References

External links

1985 births
Living people
Swiss male curlers
Curlers at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Olympic curlers for Switzerland
Olympic bronze medalists for Switzerland
Olympic medalists in curling
Medalists at the 2010 Winter Olympics
People from Glarus


Cuvelai is a town and municipality in Cunene Province in Angola. The municipality had a population of 57,398 in 2014.

Namesake

There are a number of towns in Angola with this name.

References

Populated places in Cunene Province
Municipalities of Angola


Plummer's nail is a clinical sign in which there is onycholysis, or separation of the nail from the nail bed, particularly affecting the ring and little fingers. It occurs in patients with thyrotoxicosis. About 5% of hyperthyroid patients display abnormal nail changes. Plummer's nail is also associated with psoriasis, traumatic injury, and allergic contact dermatitis.

The sign is named after Henry Stanley Plummer.

See also
 Pili bifurcati
 List of cutaneous conditions

References

External links

Conditions of the skin appendages


Lisa Suhair Majaj (born 1960) is a Palestinian-American poet and scholar. Born in Hawarden, Iowa, Majaj was raised in Jordan.  She earned a B.A. in English literature from American University of Beirut and an M.A. in English Literature, an M.A. in American Culture and a PhD in American Culture from the University of Michigan. In 2001, she moved to Nicosia, Cyprus. Her poetry and essays have been widely published. In 2008, she was awarded the Del Sol Press Annual Poetry Prize for her poetry manuscript Geographies of Light. "In difficult times, poets and writers have always provided lifelines."

Works
Going Global: The Transnational Reception of Third World Women Writers (Garland, 2000)
Intersections: Gender, Nation and Community in Arab Women's Novels (Syracuse University Press, 2002)
These Words (chapbook, 2003)
Etel Adnan: Critical Essays on the Arab American Writer and Artist (McFarland Publishing, 2002)
Geographies of Light, 2009
Guidlines - by Lisa Suhair Majaj

References

External links
 Lisa Suhair Majaj, Institute for Middle East Understanding
 Naomi Shihab Nye reads and discusses Lisa Suhair Majaj's "Guidelines"

Living people
American writers of Palestinian descent
American poets
University of Michigan alumni
American women poets
1960 births
21st-century American poets
21st-century American women writers

https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/majaj-lisa-suhair-1960


Adam Ostrowski may refer to:

 O.S.T.R. (Adam Ostrowski, born 1980), Polish rapper
 Adam Ostrowski (wrestler) (1945–2022), Polish Olympic wrestler
 Adam Ostrowski (RAF officer) (1919–2018), Polish RAF pilot


Namacunde or Namakunde is a town and municipality in Cunene Province in Angola. The municipality had a population of 142,047 in 2014.

History as a mission station
Namacunde was a mission station of the Rhenish Mission Society in Oukwanyama in southern Angola, located  to the south-east of Ondjiva.

Namacunde mission was founded in 1900 by the German missionary Wilhelm Ickler. At the time it was thought that the area was part of German South West Africa. Just as Ickler had begun the construction of the third mission German mission station in Oukwanyama, he fell ill with malaria and blackwater fever and died on 22 June 1900.

In November 1915 the Germans had to leave Namacunde, as it became the border station between Portuguese West Africa and British South West Africa.

Transport

Namakunde lies on the route of the proposed railway linking Angola and Namibia.

See also
Railway stations in Namibia

References

Populated places in Cunene Province
Municipalities of Angola
Rhenish mission stations in Oukwanyama


Brian Keith O'Nora (born February 7, 1963) is an American umpire in Major League Baseball (MLB). He joined the major league staff in , after previously umpiring for the American League (AL) from  to  (wearing sleeve number 41 during his AL tenure) and wears sleeve number 7.

Umpiring career
O'Nora previously worked the Appalachian League (1985), the Midwest League (1986–1987), the Eastern League (1988–1989), the Pacific Coast League (1990), the American Association (1991), the International League, the Florida Instructional League (1985–1989) and the Puerto Rican Winter League (1990–1992).

Since joining the Major League umpiring staff in 2000, O'Nora has worked the 2004 National League Division Series, the 2006 National League Division Series, the 2009 National League Division Series, the 2010 American League Division Series, and the 2012 National League Division Series. He also umpired the 2008 American League Championship Series and the 2012 World Series. He was a part of the crew that worked in the 2000, 2010, and 2019 Major League Baseball All-Star Games.

Injuries
On June 24, 2008, during a game between the Colorado Rockies and the Kansas City Royals, O'Nora was accidentally struck in the head by a fragment from Miguel Olivo's broken bat. O'Nora sustained a mild concussion and a laceration on his forehead, and he was hospitalized until the next day.

In April 2013, O'Nora suffered an intestinal tear and had to leave a game between the New York Mets and the Philadelphia Phillies. On September 1, 2013, O'Nora departed during another game, this time involving the Rockies and the Cincinnati Reds, because he was experiencing illness.

On September 7, 2018, O'Nora was struck in the mask by a foul ball while working the plate as the Boston Red Sox hosted the Houston Astros; he finished the half-inning and then left the game.

On June 15, 2019, O'Nora was struck in the groin by a foul ball while behind the plate during a game between the New York Mets and the St. Louis Cardinals. O'Nora remained in the game for a few more pitches and then left through the Mets dugout due to continued discomfort.

Notable games
On September 25, 2003, O'Nora was the plate umpire for Carlos Delgado's four-homer game.

In 2011, O'Nora was one of two MLB umpires (the other being Scott Barry) who were selected to officiate the MLB-All Stars Taiwan series; Barry and O'Nora were joined by two Taiwanese umpires for the games.

O'Nora was the home plate umpire in a game between the Yankees and Red Sox on August 18, 2013. Alex Rodriguez appeared in his first at bat of the game against Ryan Dempster with Rodriguez getting booed Red Sox fans when he came up to bat. Dempster threw his first pitch behind Rodriguez before eventually hitting him on a 3-0 count which appeared to be intentional. O'Nora warned both teams but allowed Dempster to stay in the game which caused Yankees manager Joe Girardi to become irate at O'Nora arguing that Dempster should be ejected before Girardi was thrown out of the game. Yankees would win the game 9-6.

During Spring training in 2014, O'Nora served as the replay umpire for the first use of expanded replay in a Major League Baseball game. After Toronto Blue Jays manager John Gibbons elected to challenge a safe call made by first base umpire Fieldin Culbreth, O'Nora upheld the ruling following a video review that lasted 2 minutes and 34 seconds.

O’Nora was behind home plate for the Chicago Cubs combined no hitter against the Los Angeles Dodgers on June 24, 2021.

Personal life
O'Nora is married and has three children.

In December 2020, he was arrested and charged with solicitation and possessing criminal tools in connection with a human trafficking sting in Liberty Township, Ohio.

See also

 List of Major League Baseball umpires

References

External links
Major league profile
Retrosheet

1963 births
Living people
American League umpires
Sportspeople from Youngstown, Ohio
Major League Baseball umpires
People from Austintown, Ohio


Onyango is a surname used by Luo people in Kenya, South Sudan and Uganda meaning "Born in the Early Morning":

Adelle Onyango (born 1989), Kenyan radio presenter, social activist and media personality
Brian Onyango (born 1994), Kenyan footballer player
Charles Onyango-Obbo (born 1958), Ugandan author, journalist, editor of The Monitor
Denis Onyango (born 1985), Ugandan football player
Joash Onyango (born 1993), Kenyan football player
Joe Oloka-Onyango (born 1960), Ugandan lawyer and academic
Lameck Onyango (born 1973), Kenyan cricketer
Lucas Onyango (born 1981), Kenyan rugby player
Zeituni Onyango (1952–2014), public health and half-aunt of Barack Obama

Fictional
Tobias Onyango Fünke, a fictional character on the television show Arrested Development

Kenyan names


Manuela Arbeláez Correa (born September 9, 1988) is a Colombian-born American model and actress, perhaps best known for her work on the television game show The Price Is Right.

Life and career

Arbeláez was born in Medellín, Colombia to Luis Carlos Arbeláez and Gloria Correa, but moved to the United States in 2006 and relocated to West New York, New Jersey. Shortly after moving to the United States, Arbeláez became one of the finalists during the 2008 season of Nuestra Belleza Latina, a beauty contest/reality show hybrid airing on the American Spanish-language television channel Univision placing 6th place in the competition.

Later that year, Arbeláez was one of the five finalists in The Price Is Right Model Search contest. Each of the finalists appeared as a model on an episode of the game show  in October 2008. The winner was chosen by an internet fan vote and won the opportunity to tape five additional episodes.

Although Arbeláez did not win the contest, she impressed the producers of The Price Is Right and was hired as a model for the show in 2009. She continued as a regular model the following season. In 2012, Complex magazine selected Arbeláez as number one on its list of The 25 Hottest Game Show Eye Candy.

In 2010, Arbeláez appeared in the music video for Robin Thicke's song "It's in the Mornin". She was cast for a two episode guest appearance on soap opera The Bold and the Beautiful in June 2010.
In October 2010, Arbeláez was the lead girl in the music video "Loving You No More" by Diddy - Dirty Money featuring Drake. She was one of the trophy models at the 54th Grammy Awards on February 12, 2012.

On April 2, 2015, she accidentally revealed the winning choice during the "Five Price Tags" game, securing a $21,960 car for the contestant. The resulting video on YouTube posted by the show went viral online, amassing over 15 million views.

Since February 17, 2018 she has been married to Matthew Doherty. On February 17, 2019, their 1 year wedding anniversary, the couple announced on Instagram that they were expecting their first child, a girl, in August 2019. Matilda ("Tilly") was born on August 19. On April 17, 2022 Manuela and Matt announced that they were expecting a second child in October. Their daughter Madeline Mercedes Doherty was born on October 18, 2022.

References

External links

 The Cast: Manuela Arbelaez - official Price Is Right website

1988 births
Colombian female models
Game show models
Living people
Models from Medellín
People from West New York, New Jersey
Colombian emigrants to the United States


Wallraff is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andreas Wallraff, German quantum physicist
 (born 1963), German actor
Günter Wallraff (born 1942), German writer and undercover journalist

German-language surnames

de:Wallraff


Curoca or Kuroka is a municipality in Cunene Province in Angola. The municipality had a population of 41,087 in 2014. It used to be called Vila de Aviz.

Its main town is named Onkokwa.

References

Populated places in Cunene Province
Municipalities of Angola


Henric is a given name. Notable people with the name include:

Carl-Henric Svanberg (born 1952), Swedish businessman, chairman of Volvo and CEO of telecommunications company Ericsson
Fredrik Henric af Chapman (1721–1808), Swedish shipbuilder, scientist and officer in the Swedish navy
Hans Henric von Essen (1755–1824), Swedish officer and statesman
Henric Benzelius (1689–1758), Bishop of Lund, Archbishop of Uppsala in the Church of Sweden
Henric Cihoski (born 1871), Romanian Lieutenant-General during World War II
Henric de la Cour (born 1974), Swedish songwriter, musician and singer
Henric Hedlund (born 1945), retired Swedish professional ice hockey player
Henric Hirsch (1923–1999), Romanian theatre and television director
Henric Holmberg (born 1946), Swedish actor, director and scriptwriter
Henric Horn af Åminne (1880–1947), Swedish horse rider
Henric Petri or Henricus Petrus or Sebastian Henric Petri, names used for publications from a 16th-century printer shop of Basel
Henric Schartau (1757–1825), Swedish Lutheran pietistic clergyman
Henric Trenk (1818–1892), Swiss-born Romanian painter and graphic artist
Henric van Veldeke (born before or c. 1150 – died after 1184), writer
Johan Henric Kellgren (1751–1795), Swedish poet and critic
Laurent Henric, former French footballer and coach, born 20 March 1905 in Sète (Hérault), died 1992

See also
Heinrich (disambiguation)
Heinrichs
Henrich
Henrik
Henrique (disambiguation)
Henriques (disambiguation)


William Addison may refer to:

 William Addison (physician) (1803–1881), British physician
 William Addison (VC) (1883–1962), holder of the Victoria Cross
 William Addison, 4th Viscount Addison (born 1945), British Conservative peer
 William Addison (chess player) (1933–2008), American chess master
 William Wilkinson Addison (1905–1992), English historian and jurist


Thomas Tippett (10 July 1904 – 1997) was an English footballer who played as a forward for Middlesbrough, Craghead United, Newcastle United, Doncaster Rovers, Rochdale, Port Vale, and West Ham United.

Career
Tippett played for Twizzell United, Middlesbrough, Craghead United (in three spells), Newcastle United and, after having trials with Stoke City and Grimsby Town, joined Doncaster Rovers and then Rochdale. He joined Port Vale in June 1931. He scored eight goals in 31 Second Division games in the 1931–32 season, but was criticized for his lack of goals. He fell ill in August 1932 and failed to regain his first team spot, scoring three goals in only nine league and cup games in the 1932–33 season. He left The Old Recreation Ground and transferred to West Ham United in May 1933.

Career statistics
Source:

References

1904 births
1997 deaths
Footballers from Gateshead
English men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Middlesbrough F.C. players
Craghead United F.C. players
Newcastle United F.C. players
Doncaster Rovers F.C. players
Rochdale A.F.C. players
Port Vale F.C. players
West Ham United F.C. players
English Football League players


Ladies' Man is an American sitcom starring Lawrence Pressman as a divorced male working at a women's magazine. The series premiered October 27, 1980, on CBS. The program also stars Louise Sorel and her former husband, Herbert Edelman. The show was written by Anne Convy and Carmen Finestra. The series did not do well in the ratings and was canceled after one season.

Synopsis
Divorced Alan Thackeray (Pressman) was a single father of daughter Amy (Natasha Ryan) and was completely surrounded by women.  At home, with good advice on how to raise Amy (and to provide her with a motherly figure in her life, in lieu of her real mother), was his cheerful and friendly next-door neighbor, Betty Brill (Karen Morrow).

At Women's Life magazine, the magazine he worked at as a feature writer, he was also surrounded by women.  The staff included fellow columnists: serious minded researcher Gretchen (Simone Griffeth); Susan (Allison Argo), a militant feminist; and romantic minded reporter Andrea Gibbons (Betty Kennedy); and all were supervised by the magazine's hard-to-please and somewhat dominating editor, Elaine Holstein (Sorel).  The only other male at Women's Life, aside from Alan, was the harried accountant, Reggie (Edelman).

Situations dealing with his homelife and work life, which was completely surrounded by women was the main premise of the series.

Cast
 Lawrence Pressman ... Alan Thackeray
 Natasha Ryan ... Amy Thackeray
 Karen Morrow ... Betty Brill
 Simone Griffeth ... Gretchen
 Allison Argo ... Susan
 Betty Kennedy ... Andrea Gibbons
 Herbert Edelman ... Reggie
 Louise Sorel ... Elaine Holstein

Episodes

References

External links

1980s American sitcoms
1980 American television series debuts
1981 American television series endings
CBS original programming
Television series by 20th Century Fox Television


In computer science, dynamic perfect hashing is a programming technique for resolving collisions in a hash table data structure.
While more memory-intensive than its hash table counterparts, this technique is useful for situations where fast queries, insertions, and deletions must be made on a large set of elements.

Details

Static case

FKS Scheme

The problem of optimal static hashing was first solved in general by Fredman, Komlós and Szemerédi. In their 1984 paper, they detail a two-tiered hash table scheme in which each bucket of the (first-level) hash table corresponds to a separate second-level hash table. Keys are hashed twice—the first hash value maps to a certain bucket in the first-level hash table; the second hash value gives the position of that entry in that bucket's second-level hash table. The second-level table is guaranteed to be collision-free (i.e. perfect hashing) upon construction. Consequently, the look-up cost is guaranteed to be O(1) in the worst-case.

In the static case, we are given a set with a total of  entries, each one with a unique key, ahead of time.
Fredman, Komlós and Szemerédi pick a first-level hash table with size  buckets.

To construct,  entries are separated into  buckets by the top-level hashing function, where . Then for each bucket with  entries, a second-level table is allocated with  slots, and its hash function is selected at random from a universal hash function set so that it is collision-free (i.e. a perfect hash function) and stored alongside the hash table. If the hash function randomly selected creates a table with collisions, a new hash function is randomly selected until a collision-free table can be guaranteed. Finally, with the collision-free hash, the  entries are hashed into the second-level table.

The quadratic size of the  space ensures that randomly creating a table with collisions is infrequent and independent of the size of , providing linear amortized construction time. Although each second-level table requires quadratic space, if the keys inserted into the first-level hash table are uniformly distributed, the structure as a whole occupies expected  space, since bucket sizes are small with high probability.

The first-level hash function is specifically chosen so that, for the specific set of  unique key values, the total space  used by all the second-level hash tables has expected  space, and more specifically .
Fredman, Komlós and Szemerédi showed that given a universal hashing family of hash functions, at least half of those functions have that property.

Dynamic case

Dietzfelbinger et al. present a dynamic dictionary algorithm that, when a set of n items is incrementally added to the dictionary, membership queries always run in constant time and therefore  worst-case time, the total storage required is  (linear), and  expected amortized insertion and deletion time (amortized constant time).

In the dynamic case, when a key is inserted into the hash table, if its entry in its respective subtable is occupied, then a collision is said to occur and the subtable is rebuilt based on its new total entry count and randomly selected hash function. Because the load factor of the second-level table is kept low , rebuilding is infrequent, and the amortized expected cost of insertions is . Similarly, the amortized expected cost of deletions is .

Additionally, the ultimate sizes of the top-level table or any of the subtables is unknowable in the dynamic case. One method for maintaining expected  space of the table is to prompt a full reconstruction when a sufficient number of insertions and deletions have occurred. By results due to Dietzfelbinger et al., as long as the total number of insertions or deletions exceeds the number of elements at the time of last construction, the amortized expected cost of insertion and deletion remain  with full rehashing taken into consideration.

The implementation of dynamic perfect hashing by Dietzfelbinger et al. uses these concepts, as well as lazy deletion, and is shown in pseudocode below.

Pseudocode implementation

Locate

 function Locate(x) is
     j := h(x)
     if (position hj(x) of subtable Tj contains x (not deleted))
         return (x is in S)
     end if
     else
         return (x is not in S)
     end else
 end

Insert

During the insertion of a new entry x at j, the global operations counter, count, is incremented.

If x exists at j, but is marked as deleted, then the mark is removed.

If x exists at j or at the subtable Tj,  and is not marked as deleted, then a collision is said to occur and the jth bucket's second-level table Tj is rebuilt with a different randomly selected hash function hj.

 function Insert(x) is
     count = count + 1;
     if (count > M)
         FullRehash(x);
     end if
     else
         j = h(x);
         if (Position hj(x) of subtable Tj contains x)
             if (x is marked deleted)
                 remove the delete marker;
             end if
         end if
         else
             bj = bj + 1;
             if (bj <= mj)
                 if position hj(x) of Tj is empty
                     store x in position hj(x) of Tj;
                 end if
                 else
                     Put all unmarked elements of Tj in list Lj;
                     Append x to list Lj;
                     bj = length of Lj;
                     repeat
                         hj = randomly chosen function in Hsj;
                     until hj is injective on the elements of Lj;
                     for all y on list Lj
                         store y in position hj(y) of Tj;
                     end for
                 end else
             end if
             else
                 mj = 2 * max{1, mj};
                 sj = 2 * mj * (mj - 1);
                 if the sum total of all sj ≤ 32 * M2 / s(M) + 4 * M
                     Allocate sj cells for Tj;
                     Put all unmarked elements of Tj in list Lj;
                     Append x to list Lj;
                     bj = length of Lj;
                     repeat
                         hj = randomly chosen function in Hsj;
                     until hj is injective on the elements of Lj;
                     for all y on list Lj
                         store y in position hj(y) of Tj;
                     end for
                 end if
                 else
                     FullRehash(x);
                 end else
             end else
         end else
     end else
 end

Delete

Deletion of x simply flags x as deleted without removal and increments count. In the case of both insertions and deletions, if count reaches a threshold M the entire table is rebuilt, where M is some constant multiple of the size of S at the start of a new phase. Here phase refers to the time between full rebuilds. Note that here the -1 in "Delete(x)" is a representation of an element which is not in the set of all possible elements U.

 function Delete(x) is
     count = count + 1;
     j = h(x);
     if position hj(x) of subtable Tj contains x
         mark x as deleted;
     end if
     else
         return (x is not a member of S);
     end else
     if (count >= M)
         FullRehash(-1);
     end if
 end

Full rebuild

A full rebuild of the table of S first starts by removing all elements marked as deleted and then setting the next threshold value M to some constant multiple of the size of S. A hash function, which partitions S into s(M) subsets, where the size of subset j is sj, is repeatedly randomly chosen until:

Finally, for each subtable Tj a hash function hj is repeatedly randomly chosen from Hsj until hj is injective on the elements of Tj. The expected time for a full rebuild of the table of S with size n is O(n).

 function FullRehash(x) is
     Put all unmarked elements of T in list L;
     if (x is in U)
         append x to L;
     end if
     count = length of list L;
     M = (1 + c) * max{count, 4};
     repeat
         h = randomly chosen function in Hs(M);
         for all j < s(M)
             form a list Lj for h(x) = j;
             bj = length of Lj;
             mj = 2 * bj;
             sj = 2 * mj * (mj - 1);
         end for
     until the sum total of all sj ≤ 32 * M2 / s(M) + 4 * M
     for all j < s(M)
         Allocate space sj for subtable Tj;
         repeat
             hj = randomly chosen function in Hsj;
         until hj is injective on the elements of list Lj;
     end for
     for all x on list Lj
         store x in position hj(x) of Tj;
     end for
 end

See also
 Perfect hashing

References

Hashing
Search algorithms


George Salter (5 October 1897 – 31 October 1967), born Georg Salter, was an originally German, and from 1940 onwards an American book cover designer. He revolutionized cover design for books. He claimed worldwide fame for his design for Alfred Döblins Berlin Alexanderplatz.

Life

Georg Salter was born in Bremen, the child of a Hamburg musician. In the year of his birth, his parents converted from Judaism to Christian faith. With his parents and three siblings he moved to Berlin. After finishing school and serving in the military, he studied in the art craft school in Berlin. 1921, he began work as set designer. Starting in 1927, he started working as designer for the publisher Die Schmiede.

Salter taught at the Municipal Art School in Berlin in the early 1930s, where he taught designer Hans Barschel. In November 1934 Salter emigrated to the US and started living in New York, where he immediately began to design book jackets for US publishers. He became an American citizen in 1940. He created the covers for Carl Zuckmayers The Moons Ride Over (1937) and William Shirers Berlin Diary (1941), among others. In 1938, he started leading the design department of Mercury Publications, and in the decade that followed, designed 185 book covers and around 30 magazine covers.

Salter was married to Agnes O'Shea and had one daughter, Janet. He died in New York City on October 31, 1967.

Literature
 Thomas S. Hansen: Classic Book Jackets. The Design Legacy of George Salter. Princeton Architectural Press, New York: 2005

References

External links
 George Salter cover gallery
 George Salter and the Art of the Dust Jacket (at Powell's Books)
 The Library of Book Designs by George Salter (1897-1967) at the Leo Baeck Institute, New York
George Salter Papers at the Newberry
George Salter papers at the Mortimer Rare Book Collection, Smith College Special Collections

1897 births
1967 deaths
American designers
Book designers
Artists from Berlin
Emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United States


The 28th Biathlon World Championships were held in 1993 in Borovets, Bulgaria.

Men's results

20 km individual

10 km sprint

Team event

4 × 7.5 km relay

Women's results

15 km individual

7.5 km sprint

Team event

4 × 7.5 km relay

Medal table

References

International sports competitions hosted by Bulgaria
Biathlon World Championships
February 1993 sports events in Europe
Biathlon competitions in Bulgaria
1993
1993 in Bulgarian sport
Borovets


The 2009 Paris–Roubaix was the 107th running of the Paris–Roubaix single-day cycling race, often known as the Hell of the North. It was held on 12 April 2009 over a distance of . The race was won by Tom Boonen, who won his third Paris–Roubaix (2005, 2008, 2009).  Boonen finished the race alone, seconds ahead of Filippo Pozzato.  Thor Hushovd arrived third, to round out the podium.  The race was the eighth event in the inaugural UCI World Ranking series.

Key Moments
Nearly all of the riders featured in the top ten endured at least a minor crash.

A group of eleven riders formed the early breakaway, but was caught again with still about 60 kilometres to go. Six riders then eventually broke away from the rest of the peloton: Tom Boonen, Juan Antonio Flecha, Leif Hoste, Thor Hushovd, Filippo Pozzato and Johan Van Summeren.

At Carrefour de l'arbre, about 15 kilometres from the finish, Flecha crashed and took Hoste with him in his fall. Van Summeren and Pozzato were held back which allowed Boonen and Hushovd to break away. However, just a few hundred metres further, Hushovd also crashed and Boonen continued on his own. Pozzato came to within 10 seconds but never managed to close the gap, allowing Boonen to win.

During the race an official motorcycle crashed into the supporting crowd injuring sixteen people, four seriously. Three of the injured were flown by helicopter to hospitals in northern France.

Results

The cobblestones

Pre-Race favorites
Favorites included 2008 winner Tom Boonen, teammate and Tour of Flanders winner Stijn Devolder, Garmin–Slipstream's Martijn Maaskant, and 2006 winner, Fabian Cancellara.

References

External links

Paris–Roubaix
Paris-Roubaix
Paris-Roubaix
Paris-Roubaix


Aleksandr Anatolyevich Borodkin (; born 1 October 1971) is a Russian football coach and a former player. He is an assistant coach with FC Fakel Voronezh.

Club career
As a player, he made his debut in the Russian Premier League in 1993 for FC Rostselmash Rostov-on-Don.

Honours
 Russian Premier League runner-up: 1994, 1998.
 Russian Premier League bronze: 1999.
 Russian Cup winner: 1995.

European club competitions
 UEFA Cup 1994–95 with FC Dynamo Moscow: 2 games.
 UEFA Cup 1996–97 with FC Torpedo-Luzhniki Moscow: 3 games.

External links

Russian men's footballers
Russian football managers
FC Rostov players
Russian Premier League players
FC Dynamo Moscow players
FC Torpedo Moscow players
FC Torpedo-2 players
PFC CSKA Moscow players
FC Tyumen players
FC Moscow players
1971 births
Living people
Footballers from Moscow
Men's association football midfielders
Men's association football defenders
Soviet men's footballers


Namugongo is a township in the Central Region of Uganda.

Location
Namugongo is in Kyaliwajjala Ward, in Kira Municipality, Wakiso District, approximately  north-east of Uganda's capital Kampala. The township is bordered by Nsasa to the north, Sonde and Bukeerere to the east, Bweyogerere to the south-east, Naalya and Kireka directly to the south, Kyaliwajjala to the south-west, and central Kira to the west and north-west. The coordinates of Namugongo are 0°23'43.0"N, 32°39'57.0"E (Latitude:0.395289; Longitude: 32.665835).

Uganda Martyrs
On 3 June 1886, 32 young men, pages of the court of King Mwanga II of Buganda, were burned to death at Namugongo for their refusal to renounce Christianity. They were Anglican and Catholic. Annually on 3 June, Christians from Uganda and other parts of the world congregate at Namugongo to commemorate the lives and religious beliefs of the Uganda Martyrs. Crowds have been estimated in hundreds of thousands in some years. In June 2015, an estimated 2 million people attended the event.

The Namugongo Shrines were first recognised by Joshua Serufusa-Zake (1884–25 June 1985) when he was the Sabaddu of Kira Sub-County. He constructed a structure at the Namugongo site, where it appears shrines were built later for prayer.

His interest in Christianity was enhanced by his father's participation in the wars that brought Christianity to Uganda. His father, Semei Musoke Seruma Katiginya, had earned a name for brevity "Ngubu" from the wars.

Churches are in areas where martyrs were killed, and they are also honored on churches' murals and stain glasses. The most prominent shrine is Namugongo which is located where St. Charles Lwanga and his companions were burned. The Ugandan tradition of honoring martyrs is important because Ugandans are honoring their pre-Christian heritage of spirituality and ancestry. The martyr's feast happens on June 3, and there are about half a million people who participate in the feast annually, and the day of the feast is a national holiday. Many pilgrims come from Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and all over Uganda to take part in the Ugandan Martyr's Feast Day at Namugongo, and many others follow the celebration on national television.

Canonization
Twenty-two of the Catholic martyrs were canonized by Pope Paul VI on 18 October 1964 and are regarded as saints in the Catholic Church. A basilica has been built at the spot where the majority of them were burned to death. A church stands at the place where the Anglican martyrs met their death, about  further east from the Basilica of the Uganda Martyrs. Documentation is available on 45 martyrs but it is believed that many more believers met their death at the command of Kabaka Mwanga II between 1885 and 1887.

Uganda Martyrs' Secondary School
Namugongo is the location of the Uganda Martyrs' Secondary School, one of Uganda's leading high schools. The mixed boarding school is a partner with the Stephen Shames Foundation, based in Brooklyn, New York, in the instruction of information technology methods and applications to high-school students in Uganda.

Points of interest
The following points of interest are found at Namugongo or near its boundaries:
 Basilica of the Uganda Martyrs: a place of worship affiliated with the Roman Catholic Church
 Anglican Uganda Martyrs Shrine: a place of worship affiliated with the Church of Uganda
 Uganda Martyrs Primary School: a public, mixed, elementary school (grades 1–7)
 Uganda Martyrs Senior Secondary School: a public, mixed, boarding high school (grades 8–13)
 Uganda Martyrs Nursery & Daycare Centre: an early education institution erected to commemorate 75 years since Namugongo's Roman Catholic Parish was established in 1935.

See also
 Roman Catholicism in Uganda

References

External links
  Uganda Martyrs Senior Secondary School, Namugongo
Uganda: Namugongo To Get Shs14 Billion (US$4.5 Million) Electricity Substation

Populated places in Central Region, Uganda
Cities in the Great Rift Valley
Kira Town


Benyon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Edgar Benyon (1901–1978), New Zealand magician, juggler and entertainer
Elliot Benyon, association football player for Torquay United
Henry Benyon JP (1884–1959), the immediate post-War Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire
James Herbert Benyon (1849–1935), early 20th century Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire
Richard Benyon (born 1960), British politician
Richard Benyon De Beauvoir (1796–1854), British landowner, philanthropist, and High Sheriff of Berkshire
Richard Fellowes Benyon (1811–1897), British Conservative politician and civil servant
Thomas Benyon (born 1942), British Conservative Party politician
William Benyon (born 1930), British Conservative Party politician, Berkshire landowner, and former High Sheriff


Nida Sinnokrot (1971) is a Palestinian-American artist, focusing on installation art, and filmmaker. Raised in Algeria, Sinnokrot relocated to the United States as an adolescent.

In 2002, he won a Rockefeller Film/Video/Multimedia Fellowship for his 'horizontal cinema' work. Subsequently, he directed an award-winning documentary called Palestine Blues, 'a disappearing landscape film'.

Nida Sinnokrot’s work employs a variety of mediums to transform ordinary objects or actions into sensory experiences that reveal a complexity of form and perception trapped within the mundane. Nida received his BA from the University of Texas at Austin and an MFA from Bard College. In 2001 he participated the Whitney Museum of American Art Independent Study Program. He is a Rockefeller Foundation Media Arts Fellow (2002) and a Fellow of Akademie Schloss Solitude (2012–15) and has received support from the Merz Akademie among others.

His works has featured in exhibitions including the Sharjah Biennial 13 (2017); Taipei Biennial, Taiwan (2016); Witte de With Center
for Contemporary Art, Rotterdam, Netherlands (2015); Tea with Nefertiti, Institut du Monde Arabe, Paris; Biennale Cuvée, World
Selection of Contemporary Art, Linz, Austria (2010); Sharjah Biennial 9 (2009); and When Artists Say We, Artists Space, New York (2006).

Nida’s recent solo shows include Exquisite Rotation at KIOSK in Ghent (2018) which brought together cinematic installations and
sculptural works spanning 20yrs, and Expand Extract Repent Repeat at Carlier | Gebauer in Berlin (2018-2019) which presents recent
sculpture, photographs, and installation works that reference flows of global capital, the writing and rewriting of history, and cycles of
debt. Nida’s work is in various public collections including the Sharjah Art Foundation, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates and the
Khalid Shoman Foundation, Amman, Jordan.

Nida has taught at Al-Quds Bard Honors College for Liberal Arts and Sciences in East Jerusalem and is currently an assistant professor in MIT’s Art, Culture and Technology Program (ACT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

External links
 Nida Sinnokrot: A Palestinian Filmmaker’s Story of the Wall
 Made in Palestine, Nida Sinnokrot
  Nida Sinnokrot, Institute for Middle East Understanding
 Palestine Blues official site
 Jonah’s Whale Installation at St. Peter Church in Cologne Germany, Dec 12, 2019
 University  of Texas official site
 Bard University official site
 Whitney Collection Research
 Rockefeller Foundation annual report
 University official site
 Sharjah Biennale
 Taipei Biennale
 Festival official site
 Tea with Nefertiti
 Triennale official site
 Festival official site
 Artists Space exhibition
 Nida Sinnokrot exhibition at KIOSK
 Current Expand Extract
 Sharjah Art Foundation
 Khalid Shoman Foundation
 Bard University alumni
 MIT university official site

References

Living people
American people of Palestinian descent
1971 births


The UA Archives program provides access to materials related to the culture and history of Upper Arlington, Ohio, and is part of the Upper Arlington Public Library's digital library initiative.  Free online access to these materials via the UA Archives website is provided in accordance with the Library's mission to help the community explore Upper Arlington's heritage and grow through a lifetime of learning.

Through the UA Archives, the Library cultivates ongoing partnerships with the Upper Arlington Historical Society, the City of Upper Arlington, community organizations, and individuals to digitize items of historical interest and make them available to the public. By working with the Historical Society and other community groups, the UA Archives digital library initiative supports the goal of preserving Upper Arlington's history as well as the Upper Arlington Historic District's listing on the National Register of Historic Places.

Mission statement

The goal of the UA Archives digital library program is to preserve original documents, photographs, maps, and other media related to the history and culture of Upper Arlington, Ohio, while offering increased visibility and improved access to these valuable primary reference sources.

History

The Upper Arlington Public Library began preliminary work on their digitization program in November 2002.  These initial preparations included researching existing digital library initiatives and standards. Digitization program management was appointed, a formal collection development plan was drafted, and potential users, partnerships, and program goals were identified. Through the UA Archives, the Library would lend their expertise to other community organizations and individuals by digitizing, cataloging, and providing access to historically and culturally significant materials related to Upper Arlington.

The Upper Arlington Historical Society was a natural choice as the first community organization with which the Library would partner. The Society and its members play an active role in the community, which is also a reflection of residents' interest in the history of their city. In addition to their local history archives, the Historical Society maintains preservation guidelines; a historical home inventory; and the Upper Arlington Wall of Honor, a tribute to notable area residents. Due to the volunteer nature of the organization, however, the rich resources of the Historical Society were not always easily accessible to the community. The Library approached the Upper Arlington Historical Society in the spring of 2003 with an offer to digitize and provide online access to their holdings. In November of that year the Library penned a formal agreement with the Historical Society.

The UA Archives website launched on September 15, 2004, after two years of planning and over 1,500 hours of work. At that time it included historical photographs depicting little known facts about early life in the community. One photograph shows the Marble Cliff Depot, a railroad station known originally as the Scioto Depot. This station house served the Upper Arlington area until the late 1920s and was located on the south side of Fifth Avenue just east of the Pennsylvania tracks, near the present day entrance to First Community Village. Another photograph shows the first teacher and students in Upper Arlington at a time when classes were held in the basement of the home of King Thompson, one of Upper Arlington's founders. Yet another captures a scene from Camp Willis, a military training camp located in Upper Arlington during the community's early development in 1916. Ohio Guardsmen were trained at this camp to defend the United States against cross-border attacks from Pancho Villa's Mexican troops.

The debut of the UA Archives website also included approximately 2,000 pages of text and photographs from the Norwester magazine, the original community newspaper, published from November 1917 through March 1922. Among other topics, the Norwester magazine covered local residents, homes, schools, sports, and daily life. The magazine also included first-hand accounts of World War I, received from local residents stationed in Europe, and chronicled life on the home front as community members bought Liberty Bonds and war savings stamps, planted backyard war gardens, and debated the patriotic virtues of continuing to spend their money versus saving.

Collection Development

Upper Arlington Public Library staff select materials for the UA Archives, subject to the policies and mandates of the Library's Board of Trustees. The UA Archives program actively solicits materials relating to the history of Upper Arlington, Ohio, from local government, community organizations, businesses, and individuals. Historical materials in all formats are considered and may consist of photographs, documents, arts and crafts, and audio or video recordings. Selection criteria include historical significance and relevance of the subject or its depiction of daily life, the educational or entertainment value of the subject, and the availability of sufficient and reliable descriptions of the material. All items must either be in the public domain or have written copyright permissions granted before inclusion in the UA Archives.

The UA Archives encourages the digitization of items even if a potential donor wishes to retain the original source materials. In this case, the original items remain in the ownership of the donor, and the Upper Arlington Public Library assumes ownership of the digital representations. When materials are acquired through permanent donation, the Library encourages the transfer of original items to the Upper Arlington Historical Society for permanent storage after the digitization process has been completed.

In addition to the Norwester magazines and historical photographs included when the UA Archives site launched, new materials are continually incorporated. The City of Upper Arlington has provided maps depicting the community's annexation history and historic district, and the Library has added historic 1880s plat maps from its own collection. The Library has also partnered with the Upper Arlington City School District, which granted permission for digitization of the Upper Arlington High School yearbooks from 1923–present. All volumes through 1999 were added to the UA Archives site on October 7, 2009, with one subsequent volume to be added each year. Oral histories from early residents and local war veterans will also eventually be added to the UA Archives site.

Technical information

Photographs and most text-based items in the UA Archives collection have been scanned by Upper Arlington Public Library staff and volunteers as 600 dpi TIFF files with 24-bit color using an Epson Expression 1640XL 11" x 17" flatbed scanner. Optical character recognition (OCR) was performed using OmniPage Pro, and low-resolution JPEG files were generated for onscreen display. CONTENTdm is used as the digital collection management software for the UA Archives project, and Adobe Photoshop is used for image manipulation, rotation, and cropping. Starting in 2009, derivative lossless JPEG2000 images, OCR text (using ABBYY FineReader), and PDF files are generated via CONTENTdm.

References

External links
 UA Archives - Explore the History of Upper Arlington
 Upper Arlington Public Library
 Upper Arlington Historical Society
 City of Upper Arlington
 Upper Arlington City Schools

Upper Arlington, Ohio
History of Ohio
American digital libraries
Libraries in Ohio


Jay Lawrence Arnold (September 9, 1912 – April 8, 1982) was a professional American football player in the National Football League. He is one of only 6 NFL players to have a receiving touchdown, a fumble recovery for a TD and an interception TD in the same season in 1938.  He was born in Rogers, Texas.  He played halfback, fullback, wingback (quarterback) and defensive back.

References

1912 births
1982 deaths
People from Rogers, Texas
Players of American football from Bell County, Texas
American football defensive backs
American football running backs
American football quarterbacks
Pittsburgh Steelers players
Philadelphia Eagles players
Texas Longhorns football players


Frank Alfred Marsales (31 August 188614 August 1975) was a Canadian composer best known for his work scoring many classic animated films by Warner Bros. Cartoons in the 1930s.  He also worked with Walter Lantz Studios in the mid to late 1930s.

Cartoon career
Marsales was a symphony musician who became the music director for Warner Bros. Cartoons under the direction of former Disney animators Hugh Harman (1903–1982) and Rudolf Ising (1903–1992), scoring many classic cartoons in the 1930s, including every Harman & Ising Looney Tune and Merrie Melodie. His first credit was for Sinkin' in the Bathtub, released May 1930 and animated by Friz Freleng. He composed the music to the 1931 Merrie Melody Lady, Play Your Mandolin!. His last credit for Warner Brothers was in 1933 with Bosko's Picture Show. He left Warner Brothers when Harman and Ising left the studio (but not with them), missing out on scoring their work at Paramount for the 1933 animated Alice in Wonderland – Marsales may also have had a hand injury at that time that precluded his composing any music at all.

In the mid-1930s, Marsales began work at Walter Lantz Studios as musical director for the Andy Panda cartoons, among others.  Marsales's last credited musical score at Walter Lantz Studios was for Knock Knock, released 25 November 1940 (although he may also have scored some part of Syncopated Sioux, released 30 December 1940, which musical director was uncredited). Music from Marsales's work for Lantz also found its way into the 1957 animated television series The Woody Woodpecker Show, which contained not only new cartoons, but also Woody's (and other) theatrical Lantz cartoons from the previous twenty years.

Personal life
Marsales was born in Yonker, Saskatchewan, Canada on 31 August 1886, the son of Robert Lambert Marsales and Lena Burns.  He lived most of his life in California. Marsales married Catherine Elizabeth Murset (30 April 188913 Jan 1971). They had no children.  He died 14 August 1975 in Long Beach, California.

References

External links

1886 births
1975 deaths
Place of birth missing
Canadian television composers
Canadian film score composers
Male film score composers
20th-century Canadian composers
Warner Bros. Cartoons music composers
20th-century Canadian male musicians
Walter Lantz Productions people
Canadian expatriate musicians in the United States


The Bloch–Siegert shift is a phenomenon in quantum physics that becomes important for driven two-level systems when the driving gets strong (e.g. atoms driven by a strong laser drive or nuclear spins in NMR, driven by a strong oscillating magnetic field).

When the rotating-wave approximation (RWA) is invoked, the resonance between the driving field and a pseudospin occurs when the field frequency  is identical to the spin's transition frequency . The RWA is, however, an approximation. In 1940 Felix Bloch and Arnold Siegert showed that the dropped parts oscillating rapidly can give rise to a shift in the true resonance frequency of the dipoles.

Rotating wave approximation
In RWA, when the perturbation to the two level system is , a linearly polarized field is considered as a superposition of two circularly polarized fields of the same amplitude rotating in opposite directions with frequencies . Then, in the rotating frame(), we can neglect the counter-rotating field and the Rabi frequency is

where  is the on-resonance Rabi frequency.

Bloch–Siegert shift
Consider the effect due to the counter-rotating field. In the counter-rotating frame (), the effective detuning is  and the counter-rotating field adds a driving component perpendicular to the detuning, with equal amplitude .
The counter-rotating field effectively dresses the system, where we can define a new quantization axis slightly tilted from the original one, with an effective detuning

Therefore, the resonance frequency () of the system dressed by the counter-rotating field is  away from our frame of reference, which is rotating at

and there are two solutions for

and

The shift from the RWA of the first solution is dominant, and the correction to  is known as the Bloch–Siegert shift:

The counter-rotating frequency gives rise to a population oscillation at , with amplitude  proportional to , and  phase that depends on the phase of the driving field. Such Bloch–Siegert oscillation may become relevant in spin flipping operations at high rate. This effect can be suppressed  by using an off-resonant Λ transition.

AC-Stark shift
The AC-Stark shift is a similar shift in the resonance frequency, caused by a non-resonant field of the form  perturbing the spin. It can be derived using a similar treatment as above, invoking the RWA on the off-resonant field. The resulting AC-Stark shift is: , with .

References

 L. Allen and J. H. Eberly, Optical Resonance and Two-level Atoms, Dover Publications, 1987.

Wave mechanics