Darkness over Daggerford is a premium module for BioWare's Neverwinter Nights role-playing video game. It was released for digital distribution on August 16, 2006. Considered a user-made mod, the game was created by Canadian company Ossian Studios, headed by former BioWare employee Alan Miranda. It was remastered and released as an official premium module on June 1, 2018.

Daggerford was based on earlier Dungeons & Dragons video games like Baldur's Gate and Icewind Dale. It takes place in the Western Heartlands region of the Forgotten Realms campaign setting, in the town of Daggerford, near Waterdeep and Baldur's Gate. Completely a single-player experience, Daggerfords story revolves around the player character investigating the recent death of the town's leader.

Daggerford was originally conceived as a Neverwinter Nights premium module, which were products marketed through BioWare's website and supported by the game's publisher, Atari. Several months before the game's scheduled release, the premium module program was cancelled. Ossian decided to publish Daggerford anyway, and it was released as a free download on IGN's Neverwinter Vault, a community site for the Neverwinter Nights series.

For Neverwinter Nights: Enhanced Edition Ossian Studios was hired to remaster Daggerford and finally release it as an official premium module.

Gameplay

Since the game is an expansion of Neverwinter Nights, it uses the same engine, Aurora, and basic gameplay is similar. Features created specifically for Daggerford include a world map and a stronghold, which players can use as a base of operations and a source for sidequests. Players start the module at level 8. In addition to the main storyline of the game, there are numerous sidequests that can be undertaken for a variety of rewards.

Plot
The intro of the game tells the player about the recent events in city of Daggerford. Pwyll Greatshout, the duke of Daggerford, died during strange circumstances. To maintain stability, a new leader was chosen: Baron Matagar Bugo, who promises the citizens to make Daggerford a new trading giant like Waterdeep. In the meantime, raider attacks on caravans become too often, and strange disappearings of cattle make people believe that hard times wait ahead.

The game begins with players working as freelance adventurers escorting a caravan from Waterdeep to Daggerford. Along the way, the caravan is attacked by a mysterious group and one of the player's party members, Talarenne, is kidnapped. The player soon discovers that Talarenne was mistaken for an agent of Waterdeep who came to the city in order to find out the truth about Pwyll Greatshout's death and the current political situation. The player decides to aid the agent.

The rest of the story follows the player character's efforts to rescue the missing party member and find the truth about what is going on around Daggerford. Gradually, an evil plot by Zhentarim is uncovered, and player has to do everything to stop it from fruition, or the city might be taken over... or even destroyed.

Development
Alan Miranda was a previous employee of BioWare and had worked on other Dungeons & Dragons titles like Neverwinter Nights and Baldur's Gate II: Throne of Bhaal. In 2003, he left BioWare to form his own company, Ossian Studios, with his wife, Elizabeth Starr. Miranda approached BioWare joint CEO Greg Zeschuk in 2005 to discuss the possibility of Ossian developing a "premium module" for Neverwinter Nights. Premium modules were adventures created for Neverwinter Nights by BioWare and other companies. BioWare had been given autonomy on the premium module process from the game's publisher, Atari, and Zeschuk approved Miranda's proposal. Miranda's initial draft of the project was a pirate-themed adventure in the Sword Coast, which happened to be the same idea that BioWare itself was creating a premium module for, called Neverwinter Nights: Pirates of the Sword Coast. Miranda revised the concept and chose the Western Heartlands as the setting.

Ossian began putting together the team for the module and decided to hire prominent amateur modders from the Neverwinter Nights fan community. The team set out to create a premium module that was ultimately to be as large as an expansion pack, with a large number of sidequests and a focus on exploration, like Baldur's Gate. Early on, the team decided to focus on the creation of a world map system for Daggerford, as well as a stronghold system that players could use as a customizable home and base.

Ossian estimated that a module on par with other large games like Kingmaker would take four to five months to develop. Pre-production on Daggerford began in April 2005 and took a month and a half. Ossian went through five designers in this stage, none of whom were successful. Choosing a designer required much of the time allocated for pre-production, and to compensate, Ossian developers immediately began creating the game, fleshing out details as they went. In order to keep in line with the exploration spirit of Baldur's Gate, Ossian hired designers specifically for the game's sidequests. The world map system in particular posed problems to designers, who stated that "the toolset really wasn't made to do what we wanted it to do." In addition, only Miranda and his wife worked in a brick and mortar building—most of the game's design was coordinated online using Skype. The production of Daggerford took longer than Ossian had anticipated, and in February 2006, BioWare's Live Team Lead Designer Rob Bartel offered the studio advice on their module. The next month, BioWare inspected the game and approved it for content completion.

In May 2006, Atari cancelled the premium module program, with no warning to developers of the current projects. Miranda and his team decided to finish the game anyway, and in August 2006 it was released free of charge on IGN's Neverwinter Nights Vault. Despite the game being self-funded, the cancellation of the premium module program was "more than a little disappointing", according to Miranda. In July 2006, BioWare and Atari decided to release one of the other modules that had been cancelled, Wyvern Crown of Cormyr, which Miranda described as "perplexing."

Reception
Darkness over Daggerford surpassed 25,000 downloads in five weeks, a higher number than that recorded for previous Neverwinter Nights Vault's Module of the Year winners. The game went on to win the site's Reviewer Award, a Gold Award for the second-best module of 2006, and an entry in their Hall of Fame, which collects the highest-rated and most popular modules. It also won the Best RPG Mod award at the Independent Games Festival in 2007.

References

External links
Darkness over Daggerfords official site
Ossian Studios
Entry page at Neverwinter Vault

2006 video games
Independent Games Festival winners
Indie games
Linux games
MacOS games
Darkness over Daggerford
Role-playing video games
Video game expansion packs
Video games developed in Canada
Windows games


Perumpazhuthoor is a village on the bank of Neyyar River, about 3 km away from the taluk municipality of Neyyattinkara in Thiruvananthapuram district in the Indian state of Kerala.  This place lies on the road leading from Neyyattinkara (off NH 47) towards the tourist attraction Neyyar Dam. This place is a pilgrim centre for Sri Narayana Guru pilgrim temple is situated here. The Sri Narayana Guru Temple is located at a lush green scenic spot on the Neyyar's shore.

Perumpazhuthoor's high school has since grown to a Junior College, and it has a Polytechnic Institute.

History
 Perumpazuthoor

Geography
Perumpazhuthoor has an average elevation of 24 metres (85 feet). The town is situated near by the Neyyar River side, one of the principal rivers in Trivandrum district. The river flows to the south part of the town. Water Supply for the town and the adjacent places is obtained from this river. Topography of the town is rather uneven, with higher areas in the downtown. Nearby the town is the hillock Aruvippuram. The Western Ghats പശ്ചിമഘട്ടം - സഹ്യാദ്രി ( സഹ്യപർവ്വതം ) form a scenic backdrop to the town. . The nearby sea shore is just 13 km. away in west, and 10 kilometres to the east can take you to the mammoth hillocks of Western ghats പശ്ചിമഘട്ടം - സഹ്യാദ്രി ( സഹ്യപർവ്വതം ) . The geology is said to be typical of the Kerala soil - the Laterite and Red soil. The town can still boast of a good green cover in residential and non-residential areas.

Closest cities, towns and villages
Poovar beach is 15 km from the town; Kovalam beach is 18 km away. The distance between Perumpazuthoor town and Vizhinjam International Seaport is 17 km. Ponmudi is 55 km from the town. Neyyar Dam (24 km from Perumpazuthoor town), is another popular picnic spot. Kanyakumari is 65 km from Perumpazuthoor town. Kattakada town is 12 km from here.

Wards in Neyyattinkara Municipal Area
Neyyattinkara Municipal Area is divided into 44 wards. The respective ward numbers assigned by the Municipality are given in brackets. For official matters ward numbers are generally mentioned in Roman numerals. The wards are: (1). Aralummoodu, (2) Puthanambalam, (3) Moonnukallinmoodu, (4) Koottappana, (5) Pallivilakam, (6) Punnakkadu, (7) Kalathuvila, (8) Vadakodu, (9) Muttakkadu, (10) Elavanikkara, (11) Mampazhakkara, (12) Mullaravila, (13) Perumpazhuthoor, (14) Alampotta, (15) Plavila, (16) Thozhukkal, (17) Vazhuthoor (includes Christ Nagar, Mythry Nagar and Keerthi Nagar), (18) Kollavamvila, (19) Thavaravila, (20) kulathamal, (21) Chaikottukonam, (22) Maruthathoor, (23) Irumbil (includes Arakkunnu and Stuart Nagar), (24) Fort (includes Vadakkey-kotta & Police Quarters), (25) Vlangamuri, (26) Krishnapuram, (27) Rameswaram, (28) Narayanapuram, (29) Amaravila, (30) Pullamala, (31) Pirayummoodu, (32) Olathanni, (33) Chundavila, (34) Athazhamangalam, (35) Kavalakulam, (36) Panagattukari, (37) Nilamel, (38) Manaloor, (39) Ooruttukala, (40) Alummoodu, (41) Town, (42) Brahmamkodu, (43) Athiyannoor, (44) Vazhimukku

These 44 wards are under the surveillance of Neyyattinkara Municipality (a local self-government or LSG). In each ward there is a Ward Councillor democratically elected for a period of 5 years. These Councillors represent the people in the ward concerned. In most of the wards there are Kudumbasree units of Kudumbashree Mission (Kerala) initiated for the development of womenfolk especially unemployed housewives.

References

Villages in Thiruvananthapuram district


State Route 88 (SR 88) is a  state highway in southern Maine, United States.  It runs south to north for , from U.S. Route 1 (US 1) in Falmouth to US 1 in Yarmouth.  It runs to the east of US 1, and its speed limit is . Over its course, its furthest distance from US 1 is about . This occurs in its Falmouth Foreside section.

Route description

The route is connected to US 1 directly at SR 88's two termini. It is also connected to US 1 indirectly, by a ramp, via Tuttle Road in Cumberland Foreside. Its name changes four times en route. It is Foreside Road between the southern terminus and the Yarmouth town line beside Broad Cove, at which point it becomes Lafayette Street. It then becomes East Main Street just before the Royal River's First Falls, before finishing as Spring Street.

"Herbie", New England's oldest and largest elm tree for the final thirteen years of its existence, stood on Route 88 (East Main Street) in Yarmouth, at its intersection with Yankee Drive, between 1793 and 2010.

SR 88 is mostly residential, although businesses are located on it at several points. These include (heading northward) Portland Country Club, Skillins garden center and The Dockside Grill (all in Falmouth); Town Landing Market (which was once featured in a national Coca-Cola television commercial) (Falmouth Foreside); and the Lower Falls Landing plaza (Yarmouth). Each of these examples are situated on the northbound (eastern) side of the highway.

The section of road that runs between the Pleasant Street loop in Yarmouth did not formally exist prior to the construction of Route 88. Its predecessor, the Atlantic Highway, followed Pleasant Street.

Junction list

References

External links

Floodgap Roadgap's RoadsAroundME: Maine State Route 88

088
Transportation in Cumberland County, Maine


Arrowhead is a 1953 Western Technicolor film directed by Charles Marquis Warren, starring Charlton Heston, and featuring a supporting cast including Jack Palance, Katy Jurado, Brian Keith and Milburn Stone. The picture is based on the novel Adobe Walls by W. R. Burnett. The screenplay was also by Charles Marquis Warren.

Plot
Maverick scout Ed Bannon (Charlton Heston) is working with cavalry stationed at Fort Clark, Texas. The US army is trying to talk peace with the Apaches and move them to reservations in Florida. Bannon's activities seem counterproductive to this new policy. Toriano (Jack Palance), the son of the Apache chief, returns from an Eastern education. Bannon is suspicious of his motives and their distrust of each other is eventually resolved by single combat.

Cast
 Charlton Heston as Ed Bannon
 Jack Palance as Toriano
 Katy Jurado as Nita
 Brian Keith as Capt. Bill North
 Mary Sinclair as Lela Wilson
 Milburn Stone as Sandy MacKinnon
 Richard Shannon as Lt. Kirk
 Lewis Martin as Col. Weybright
 Frank DeKova as Chief Chattez
 Robert J. Wilke as Sgt. Stone
 Peter Coe as Spanish
 Kyle James as Jerry August
 John Pickard as John Gunther
 Pat Hogan as Jim Eagle
 Mike Ragan as Corporal Ives

References

External links

1953 films
1953 Western (genre) films
American Western (genre) films
Apache Wars films
Western (genre) cavalry films
Films based on works by W. R. Burnett
Films directed by Charles Marquis Warren
Films scored by Paul Sawtell
Films set in Texas
Films shot in Texas
Paramount Pictures films
1950s English-language films
1950s American films
English-language Western (genre) films


Edmund Sheffield, 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Normanby (11 January 1716 – 30 October 1735) was an English nobleman, styled Marquess of Normanby from 1716 to 1721. Through his mother, Catherine Sheffield, he was a grandson of King James II.

The legitimate son of John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby, he succeeded his father in 1721. He matriculated at Queen's College, Oxford in 1732 and died of consumption in Rome in 1735. As he never married and left no issue, the dukedom became extinct upon his death. The family estates, including Normanby Park, devolved upon his illegitimate half brother Charles Herbert Sheffield.

Notes

References

Edmund
1716 births
1735 deaths
18th-century English nobility
18th-century deaths from tuberculosis
102
Tuberculosis deaths in Italy
Infectious disease deaths in Lazio
Barons Sheffield


Steinar Lone (born 23 August 1955) is a Norwegian translator.

In 2009 he was awarded the Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature of 2008, for his translation of Mircea Cărtărescu's Orbitor. Aripa stângă.

References

1955 births
Living people
Norwegian translators
Place of birth missing (living people)


Andrew Suniula (born 1 May 1982) is a former rugby football player who played rugby union as a centre for the United States national team (USA Eagles XV's). He last played for the Austin Gilgronis and is now their Rugby Operations Director and a member of the coaching staff.

Early years
Suniula began playing professional rugby union with Taranaki during the 2005–06 season, playing in eight times for the club.

Rugby league
Suniula switched to play rugby league for the Auckland Lions in the 2007 Bartercard Cup, scoring a try in the Grand Final. There he was spotted by Noel Cleal and signed by Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles. Suniula played for Manly in the NRL. Suniula played  and  in rugby league.

Rugby union

After four years in rugby league, Suniula returned to union with the Chicago Griffins in 2010. The following season he joined RFU Championship side Cornish Pirates, appearing 16 times for the club during the 2011–12 season. Suniula returned to Chicago Griffins the following season before joining his first top flight professional rugby union side when he signed for the London Wasps for the 2013–14 season. He made five appearances for the club during his brief one-year stint. Suniula joined CSM București for the 2015 Romanian Rugby Championship season.

In 2018 Suniola signed for Austin Elite and quickly became team captain, but by 2019 he was semi-retired and was succeeded as captain by Ben Mitchell.

International career
Suniula represented the United States in rugby union from 2008 to 2016 and played 39 tests including four matches in the 2011 and 2015 World Cups.

Personal life
His brothers, Roland and Shalom, have also represented the United States in rugby union. Suniula has been tattooed by internationally renowned artist Steve Ma Ching, who also tattooed rugby players DJ Forbes and Sonny Bill Williams.

References

1982 births
American Samoan rugby union players
Chicago Griffins RFC players
American Samoan rugby league players
Auckland rugby league team players
Manly Warringah Sea Eagles players
Cornish Pirates players
Living people
United States international rugby union players
Rugby league wingers
Sunshine Coast Sea Eagles players
CSM București (rugby union) players
American Samoan expatriate rugby union players
American Samoan expatriate rugby league players
Expatriate rugby union players in England
Expatriate rugby league players in Australia
American Samoan expatriate sportspeople in Australia
American Samoan expatriate sportspeople in England
American Samoan emigrants to New Zealand
United States international rugby sevens players
San Diego Breakers players
Austin Gilgronis players
2011 Rugby World Cup players
2015 Rugby World Cup players
Rugby union centres
Rugby union wings


"You Could Have Been with Me" is a 1981 single by Sheena Easton from her album of the same name. The single reached number 15 on the Billboard Hot 100, while its Adult Contemporary peak was number 6.

Background
The song was composed by Lea Maalfrid who had considerable success in her native land New Zealand as frontwoman for the mid-70s acid glam rock band Ragnarok. Maalfrid came to London at the behest of Elton John with whom she'd toured Australia. After plans for Maalfrid to record for John's label, The Rocket Record Company, fell through, she shopped her demos - including that for "You Could Have Been with Me" - and caught the interest of producer Christopher Neil, although his involvement with Easton meant postponing his recording with Maalfrid. Eventually Neil had Easton cut two of Maalfrid's songs: "You Could Have Been with Me" and "Trouble in the Shadows". Maalfrid had little awareness of Easton and "wasn't too bothered" of Easton recording her songs as she confided to a record company receptionist who responded, "You will be when you get the money". Soon afterwards Maalfrid abandoned her own singing career in favor of songwriting.

"You Could Have Been with Me" peaked at #15 (#12 in Cash Box)  the week of the 1982 Grammy Awards broadcast (February 25) on which Easton received the Best New Artist Award.
 After the follow-up "When He Shines" peaked at #30 Easton would be absent from the Top 40 until the end of January 1983 when she and Kenny Rogers would release the duet "We've Got Tonight," which reached #6.

"You Could Have Been with Me" had little chart impact in the UK (#54), evincing that Easton's career prospects were stronger in the U.S. than in her native land. "You Could Have Been with Me" also charted in Canada (#13), the Netherlands (#14), Belgium (#23) and Japan (#46 with sales of 48,000).

Track listing
UK
 You Could Have Been with Me" (Lea Maalfrid)
 "Family of One" (Mick Leeson, Peter Vale)

US
 "You Could Have Been with Me" (Lea Maalfrid)
 "Savoir Faire (He's Got)" (Phil Palmer, Peter Vale)

France
 "You Could Have Been with Me" (Lea Maalfrid)
 "One Man Woman" (Mick Leeson, Peter Vale)

Charts

References

Sheena Easton songs
1981 singles
1981 songs
EMI Records singles
Song recordings produced by Christopher Neil


The following list contains all 93 stations of the Hamburg U-Bahn. The Hamburg U-Bahn is operated by the Hamburger Hochbahn (HHA) under the supervision of the Hamburger Verkehrsverbund. The majority of stations are located within the borders of the city of Hamburg — only nine stations are in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein outside the city limits — and all stations are located on the right bank of the Elbe river.

Stations

This list gives the name of each station, the lines serving the station, the quarter and the fare zones, in which it is located, and the date or dates opened. All stations are located in the fare zone Greater Hamburg Area. Included are all stations currently open on the Hamburg U-Bahn.

See also
 List of railway stations in Hamburg
 List of Hamburg S-Bahn stations

Notes
A. The Hamburger Verkehrsverbund uses a system of concentric zones for the calculation of fares between stations. Fares between any station in one zone and any station in another are the same, irrespective of the start and end points of the journey or the route used.
All stations are located in the fare zone Greater Hamburg Area.
B. Where more than one line serves a station, lines are listed in numerical order.
C. The asterisk indicates a locality in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein.
Where a station is located on the border between two localities, these are listed alphabetically.
D. Connections to the Hamburg S-Bahn and other railways.
E. Former name: 1921–1952: Ahrensburg
F. Former names: 1921–1934: Langenhorn Süd, 1934–1954: Flughafen, 1954–1983: Flughafenstraße
G. Former name: 1912–192x: Hafentor

References

General

External links

Website of the Hamburger Hochbahn

Hamburg
U-Bahn stations
!

Hamburg


W.E. Powell was a 19th-century footballer who played for Burslem Port Vale.

Career
Powell most likely joined Burslem Port Vale in the autumn of 1884. His first recorded game was in a 6–1 thumping at Blackburn Olympic on 1 November 1884 in a friendly. The next year he was a member of the sides that won the Burslem Challenge and shared the North Staffs Charity Challenge cups in 1885. He was rather callously given the nickname "Pull-it" after badly disjointing a knee in a 4–1 defeat at Crewe Alexandra in a Football Combination match on 20 October 1888; the injury was so severe a doctor had to be brought onto the pitch before Powell was carried off. Once recovered he was mainly used as a reserve team player and was released from the Athletic Ground at the end of the 1892–93 season.

Career statistics
Source:

Honours
Port Vale
Burslem Challenge Cup: 1885
North Staffordshire Charity Challenge Cup: 1885 (shared)

References

Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
English men's footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers
Men's association football defenders
Men's association football midfielders
Men's association football forwards
Port Vale F.C. players
English Football League players
Place of birth missing


Matteo Pedergnana (born August 14, 1980) from Valfurva is an Italian ski mountaineer. He is member of the Sci Club Alta Valtellina as well as member of the national team.

Selected results
Pedergnana placed third in the 2002 World Championship single race ("espoirs" class) and won four times the Pierra Menta (1999/2000/2001/2002) in younger class events, before he competed in "senior" events.

 2003:
 8th, Trofeo Mezzalama (together with Matteo Riz and Mario Scanu)
 2005:
 1st, European Championship relay race (together with Guido Giacomelli, Dennis Brunod and Manfred Reichegger)
 2010:
 2nd, Sellaronda Skimarathon, together with Thomas Martini

References

1980 births
Living people
Italian male ski mountaineers
Sportspeople from the Province of Sondrio
Skiers from Lombardy


Blue coral (Heliopora coerulea) is a species of colonial coral. It is the only octocoral known to produce a massive skeleton. This skeleton is formed of aragonite, similar to that of scleractinia. Individual polyps live in tubes within the skeleton and are connected by a thin layer of tissue over the outside of the skeleton.

Description
The blue coral is the only extant octocoral with a massive skeleton, which is composed of fibrocrystalline aragonite (calcium carbonate). It is a hermatypic zooxanthellaete species with either blue or grey-grey polyps located within its skeleton, which each contain eight tentacles. Its colonies are either columnar, plates or branched. It is a tolerant species and is used in marine aquariums.

Iron salts give the skeleton of Heliopora coerulea its unique color, which allows for easy recognition in fossil outcrops. As such, it is fairly abundant within paleontology, with fossils indicating the species has remained unchanged since the Cretaceous.

Blue coral has shown a particular resistance to thermal changes in their environments and have actually grown more in warmer temperatures.

Distribution
Despite being common in some areas and having a large range, the blue coral has been given the conservation status of a vulnerable species by the IUCN. Its population is unknown but it is believed to be decreasing in line with the global destruction of coral reefs; it is threatened by aquarium harvesting, bleaching, habitat destruction, the acidification of oceans, and climate change. It is found in the eastern and western Indian Ocean, and the eastern central, western central, northwestern, and southwestern Pacific Ocean; its range includes the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, Japan and the Ryukyu Islands. Its largest colony is believed to be located off Ishigaki Island in the Yaeyama Islands, southwestern Japan. It is found in reefs with depths below 2 m, or reefs exposed to waves, flats, intertidal regions, and sometimes in marginal habitats. The blue coral is listed under Appendix II of CITES.

The world's largest deposit of blue coral is in Shiraho, Japan. This deposit however was threatened by the possible development of an airport in 1989. The airport was to be placed over the coral bed and would have resulted in the destruction of these rare coral. Transnational organizations such as the World Wide Fund for Nature stepped in and with public support managed to prevent the construction. The organization also constructed a field research station at the site to further study the corals. The airport was eventually built but at a location where it wouldn't harm the corals. The Fund then attempted to implement their typical procedures of creating protected areas for the coral. However, the prior support from the public disappeared. The residents of Shiraho were opposed to the creation of such areas.

Conservationists thus took a different approach. They attempted to further connect the community of Shiraho with the sea, beyond just fishing, to try and inspire a desire to conserve the area. What resulted was the revitalization of sanizu. It is a local celebration where the people give back to the sea gods. The tradition had decreased in prevalence over the years due to a variety of reasons including economic pressure and other local socioeconomic conditions.  The Fund was unable to initiate the celebration so instead they provided the tools and resources for it. This led to a large-scale sanizu celebration where both locals and conservationists connected with the sea.

Taxonomy
Heliopora coerulea was described by Pallas in 1766.

References

External links

Helioporidae
Corals described in 1766
Taxa named by Peter Simon Pallas


(; ; 'March of the Björneborgers' or 'March of the Pori Regiment') is a Swedish military march from the 18th century. Today, it is mainly performed in Finland and has served as the honorary march of the Finnish Defence Forces since 1918.

History
The original melody of  is most likely French in origin, and was composed by an unknown composer in the 18th century, although the modern brass band arrangement is by the Finnish German composer Konrad Greve.

Later in the same century, it was made popular in Sweden by the poet Carl Michael Bellman, who used it as a basis for his epistle 51 "" (Movitz blew a concert), and was subsequently adopted as a military march by the Royal Swedish army. Following Sweden's defeat to Russia in the Finnish war of 1808-1809, her eastern lands formed the Russian-controlled Grand duchy of Finland.

The march remained popular throughout the 19th century in both Sweden and Finland. The original text was published in Swedish in 1860 by the Finnish national poet Johan Ludvig Runeberg in his epic poem The Tales of Ensign Stål, although Zachris Topelius had also given it his own words in 1858. The most commonly used Finnish translation was written by Paavo Cajander in 1889, along with Cajander's translation of The Tales of Ensign Stål. The name of the march refers to the Björneborg regiment (Pori in Finnish) of the Swedish army. It contains an iambic meter.

Use
 today serves as the honorary march of the Finnish Defence Forces and is played (only rarely sung) for the Commander-in-Chief, i.e. the President of Finland. The President has, however, the right to delegate this position to another Finnish citizen; the only time this has occurred was during the World War II, when Marshal Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim acted as Commander-in-Chief instead of then-President Risto Ryti. Thus, Ryti is the only President of Finland not to have been Commander-in-Chief at any point of his two terms (1940–1944).

As Finland and Estonia share similarities in their languages, culture and also through their respective military traditions, it is also the Estonian Defence Forces' official honorary march, played for the Commander of the Estonian Defence Forces, its Commander-in-Chief appointed, under constitutional provisions, to the office by the Ministry of Defence and the Cabinet on the proposal of the President of the Republic of Estonia. The tune was first publicly played in Estonia at the 7th Estonian Song Festival in 1910. It was also the march of the State Elder (later as presidential march) in Estonia till 27 January 1923 when the then-Minister of War Jaan Soots replaced it with the Pidulik marss which had won the contest for Estonian-composed state honorary march in 1922.

Non-political
Since 1948, the Finnish national broadcast company Yleisradio has played  played on radio or television every time a Finnish athlete wins a gold medal in the Olympic games – the traditional phrase to initiate this was "Pasila, Porilaisten Marssi" (radio) and "Helsinki, Porilaisten Marssi" (television). An exception to this was made in 1998 when MTV3 similarly asked the song to be played after Mika Häkkinen won the 1998 Formula One World Championship.

 is also played on Christmas Eve during the Declaration of Christmas Peace ceremony, which has caused minor controversy due to the violent lyrics of the march, even though the lyrics are not sung on the occasion.

In the video game My Summer Car, the march is played on the intro. A remixed version can be heard in the credits scene.

Lyrics

Original Swedish lyrics
Johan Ludvig Runeberg, 1860

//

//

//

Lyrics in Finnish
Translation by Paavo Cajander, 1889.

Lyrics in Estonian

Lyrics in English
Modern translation.

Sons of a people whose blood was shed,
On the field of Narva; Polish sand; at Leipzig; on Lützen's dark hills;
Not yet is Finland defeated;
With the blood of foes a field may still be tinted red!
Rest, begone, away with peace!
A storm unleashed; lightning swarms and cannons thunder on,
Forward! Forward, line by line!
Brave fathers look down on brave sons.

No nobler aim,
Could light our way,
Our steel is sharp,
To bleed is our custom,
Man by man, brave and bold!
Behold our ancient freedom's march!

Shine bright, our victorious banner!
Torn by distant battles of days gone,
Be proud, our noble, tattered Standard!
There is still a piece of Finland's ancient Colours left!

See also
 "Maamme", Finnish national anthem
 "Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm", Estonian national anthem

References

External links
 Porilaisten marssi in YouTube
 Recording of the song (WAV format) at the official website of the President of Finland

Swedish military marches
Finnish patriotic songs
National symbols of Finland
Finnish poems
Finnish military marches
Songs about Finland
Estonian patriotic songs
National symbols of Estonia
Estonian poems
Estonian military marches


Gertrude Lübbe-Wolff (born 31 January 1953) is a German academic and senior judge.  She sits on the second senate of the Bundesverfassungsgericht (Federal Constitutional Court of Germany), having succeeded Jutta Limbach in this position in April 2002.

Biography
After studying law at the University of Bielefeld, the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität in Freiburg and Harvard Law School, Lübbe-Wolff received her doctorate in law at Freiburg im Breisgau.  From 1979 to 1987 she was a research assistant at Bielefeld, focusing on public law, the constitutional history of the modern age, and philosophy of law.  From 1988 to 1992 she was director of the Wasserschutzamt (the municipal authority in charge of water protection and other environmental protection tasks)in Bielefeld. Having turned down a call to Frankfurt University, she became a professor of Public Law at Bielefeld university in 1992. She was Chairperson of the German Council of Environmental Advisors from 2000 to 2002, Executive Director of the Center for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Bielefeld, from 1996 to 2002, member of the board of various national academic and professional societies in the years 1994–2002, and Chairperson of the Advisory Board of Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin from 2003 to 2009.

During her tenure on the Federal Constitutional Court (2002–2014), Lübbe-Wolff was the reporting judge for the court's decisions on citizenship, budget and public finance, detentions, and the country's corrections system.

In 2000 Lübbe-Wolff received the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (the highest German prize for research). She was awarded the Hegel Prize in 2012 and an honorary doctorate (European University Institute) in 2015. She is a member of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Science, honorary bencher of Middle Temple Inn, and honorary member of the Argentinian Society of Constitutional Justice.

Personal life
Lübbe-Wolff is married to the philosopher  and has four children. Her father is the philosopher Hermann Lübbe Hermann Lübbe. The philosopher  is her sister.

Selected publications

Monographs
 Rechtsfolgen und Realfolgen. Welche Rolle können Folgenerwägungen in der juristischen Regel- und Begriffsbildung spielen? Alber, Freiburg 1980 (online bei Leibniz Publik). ("Legal consequences and real consequences – on the role of arguments as to consequences in rulemaking and juridical concept formation ")
 Recht und Moral im Umweltschutz. Baden-Baden (Nomos) 1999. ("Law and Morality in environmental protection")
 Wie funktioniert das Bundesverfassungsgericht? Göttingen (Universitätsverlag Osnabrück, V&R Unipress) 2015 ("How the Federal Constitutionl Court works")
 Das Dilemma des Rechts. Über Härte, Milde und Fortschritt im Recht, Basel (Schwabe) 2017. ("The dilemma of law – on severity, leniency and progress in law")
 Beratungskulturen. Wie Verfassungsgerichte arbeiten, und wovon es abhängt, ob sie integrieren oder polarisieren, Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, Berlin 2022, ISBN 978-3-98574-072-7, availalble online (PDF)
 Demophobie. Muss man die direkte Demokratie fürchten? Frankfurt am Main (Vittorio Klostermann) 2023, ISBN 978-3-465-04613-4.

Editorships

 Umweltschutz durch Kommunales Satzungsrecht. Berlin (Erich Schmidt) 1993 – 2. Auflage 1997. ("Municipal Environmental Protection by communal Law")
 Symbolische Umweltpolitik (zusammen mit Bernd Hansjürgens). Frankfurt a.M. (Suhrkamp) 2000. ("Symbolic Environmental Policy")
 Effizientes Umweltordnungsrecht – Kriterien und Grenzen (with Erik Gawel). Baden-Baden (Nomos) 2000. ("Efficient Environmental Regulatory Law  – Criteria and Limits")

Articles (English only)

 Why is the German Federal Constitutional Court a deliberative court, and why is that a good thing?, in: Birke Häcker and  Wolfgang Ernst(eds.), Counting votes and weighing opinions. Collective judging in comparative perspective, Cambridge (Intersentia Publishing), 157–179.
 Democracy, separation of powers and international treaty-making. The example of TTIP, in: Current Legal Problems 2016, 1–24.
 How can the European Court of Human Rights Reinforce the Role of National Courts in the Convention System? (Beitrag zur vom EGMR veranstalten Jahreskonferenz "Dialogue between Judges" 2012), Human Rights Law Journal 2012, 11–15. (Also available at http://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Dialogue_2012_ENG.pdf)
 Who Has the Last Word? National and Transnational Courts – Conflict and Cooperation. In: Yearbook of European Law. Bd. 30 (2011), 86–99.
 The Principle of Proportionality in the Case-Law of the German Federal Constitutional Court. In: Human Rights Law Journal. 2014, 12–17. (also available at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326782433_The_Principle_of_Proportionality_in_the_Case-Law_of_the_German_Federal_Constitutional_Court)
 Efficient Environmental Legislation: On different philosophies of pollution control in Europe, in: Journal of Environmental Law Vol. 13 No. 1 (2001), 79–87.

References

External links
Gertrude Lübbe-Wolff at the Bundesverfassungsgericht
Website of the University of Bielefeld
List of publications and unpublished lecture texts
Portrait by Usta.de

Living people
1953 births
Harvard Law School alumni
German women judges
Justices of the Federal Constitutional Court
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize winners
Constitutional court women judges
Grand Crosses with Star and Sash of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
21st-century German judges
21st-century women judges


"Your Love Is Driving Me Crazy" is a song written and performed by Sammy Hagar from his album Three Lock Box. It provided Hagar with his only top 20 solo hit on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, peaking at number 13 in 1983.  The song reached number 19 in Canada.

"Your Love Is Driving Me Crazy" ranks as the 79th biggest U.S. hit of 1983.

Chart performance

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

References

External links

1982 singles
Sammy Hagar songs
Songs written by Sammy Hagar
Song recordings produced by Keith Olsen
1982 songs
Geffen Records singles


Fánk is a sweet traditional Hungarian donut. The most commonly used ingredients are: flour, yeast, butter, egg yolk, a little bit of rum, salt, milk and oil to deep fry with. After the pastry has risen for approximately 30 minutes the result is an extreme light doughnut-like pastry. Fánk is traditionally served with powdered sugar and lekvár, Hungarian thick jams; mostly apricot at that.

See also
 List of doughnut varieties

External links

Doughnuts
Hungarian desserts
Hungarian pastries


Eric J. Regan was a 19th-century footballer who played for Ardwick and Burslem Port Vale.

Career
Regan played for Ardwick, before joining Burslem Port Vale in August 1894. He made his debut in a 4–1 defeat at old club Ardwick (who had by then changed their name to Manchester City) on 8 September 1894. He only managed a further four Second Division matches before his release from the Athletic Ground, which came at the end of the season.

Career statistics
Source:

References

Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
English men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Manchester City F.C. players
Port Vale F.C. players
English Football League players
Place of birth missing


Sthree may refer to:

 SThree, an international recruitment business
 Sthree (film), a 1950 Indian Malayalam-language film directed by R. Velappan Nair


The COE version of the International 9000 is a series of cabover trucks that were produced by International Harvester and its corporate successor Navistar.  Introduced in 1981 as the replacement for the Transtar II COE, two generations of the model line were produced in North America until 1998.  Subsequent production continued into the 21st century in worldwide markets, where more restrictive length laws still favor the use of the configuration.

First generation (CO9600/CO9670; 1981-1988)

For 1981, International Harvester introduced the CO9670 cabover to replace the Transtar II CO4070 in production since 1974.  Sharing its doors with the Transtar 4300, the C09670 featured a wider cab, and larger windows and windshield.  The trapezoidal grille used on all large International cabovers since 1965 was redesigned to include the headlights.

In place of the massive Cummins KT450 and Caterpillar 3408 engines included on the Transtar II, the CO9670 was powered by the smaller-displacement 855 cubic-inch N-Series Cummins diesel.  In twin-turbocharged configuration, the engine produced 475 hp.

In 1989, Navistar updated the CO9670, rebranding it the International 9600.

Second generation (9700/9800; 1988-1998)

For 1988, Navistar redesigned the 9000-series cabovers, allowing for the addition of a set-back front axle version.  Although visually similar to the 9600 from the axles above, the 9700 was given many aerodynamic enhancements, including lower body skirting, an enhanced front bumper, and faired-in front turn signals.  The front-axle configuration allowed for a complete redesign of the interior, allowing for a completely flat floor; Navistar was one of the first American manufacturers to market a cabover truck without an intrusion from the engine separating the driver and passenger seats, allowing walk-in access to the sleeper compartment.  As an option, Navistar offered a sleeper compartment with a roof extending above the front seats.

After 1998 production, the 9700 and 9800 were withdrawn from the 9000 series as International exited COE production in North America.

Third generation (9800i; 1999-2015)

Following the discontinuation of the 9000-series COE in the North American market, Navistar continued cabover production by sending the tooling for the model line to Brazil.  Outside of Brazil, the 9800i was exported throughout South America, with right-hand drive production exported to Australia and South Africa.

Sharing much of the cab of the previous generation, the third generation shed the trapezoidal grille design of International COEs used since 1965 in favor of a square grille (in line with 9000i-series conventionals).

In 2015, production of the 9800i was halted.  In August 2017, the truck was still sold in South Africa.

References

International Harvester vehicles
Navistar International vehicles
Vehicles introduced in 1981
Trucks of the United States


Arthur W. B. Bourne was an English footballer.

Career
A small winger, Bourne played for Liverpool Road before joining Burslem Port Vale in April 1902. His debut came on 8 September 1902, in a goalless home draw with Preston North End. He was only to play two more games before being released at the end of the season.

Career statistics
Source:

References

1880 births
Year of death missing
People from Sandbach
Footballers from Cheshire
English men's footballers
Men's association football wingers
Port Vale F.C. players
English Football League players


Kunwar Manvendra Singh  is a Bharatiya Janata Party politician with three-term Member of Legislative Council and one term Member of Legislative Assembly from Uttar Pradesh. Former designated Chairman of Laghu Jal Vidyut Nigam government of Uttar Pradesh during Sri Kalyan Singh Ji as Chief Minister, and former appointed Chairman
of Bundelkhand Vikas Board during the present tenure of Sri Yogi Adityanath as Chief minister.

He has been associated with Sangh and Vidyarthi Parishad since his early days.

He was elected to the legislative assembly of the Uttar Pradesh once in the elections held in 1985, and three times as member of Legislative Council.

On January 21, 2021, he was elected unopposed with 11 other candidates to the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council, he had previously been the acting chairman of the council from May 2002 to August 2004.He was also elected as Deputy Chairman Legislative Council, U.P. from Aug 2004 to 5 May 2006

References

http://upgovernor.gov.in/en/pressrelease

Living people
1952 births
Indian politicians


Events in the year 1758 in Norway.

Incumbents
Monarch: Frederick V

Events

Arts and literature

Births
3 March - Jens Schou Fabricius, politician (died 1841)
15 March - Magdalene Sophie Buchholm, poet (died 1825)
23 April - Nils Christian Frederik Hals, military officer (died 1838)

Deaths
5 November - Hans Egede, Lutheran missionary (born 1686)

See also


Ghosts of Rome () is a 1961 Italian comedy film directed by Antonio Pietrangeli. It was released in the UK in 1964 as The Phantom Lovers.

Plot
Count di Roviano refuses to sell his palace to a developer, despite having no money. He lives with ghosts: Ronaldo, a lady's man, Bartholomew, a friar, Flora, who died with love, and a five year old boy.

The Count is blown up by his water heater and joins the ghosts. His nephew Federico inherits the castle and moves in with his girlfriend Eileen, intending to sell it. The ghosts call in an artist friend, Caparra, and try to get him to finish a painting so the castle is declared a national monument.

Cast
 Marcello Mastroianni - Reginaldo / Federico di Roviano / Gino
 Vittorio Gassman - Caparra, pittore del '600, rivale del Caravaggio
 Belinda Lee - Eileen
 Sandra Milo - Donna Flora
 Eduardo De Filippo - Don Annibale, Principe di Roviano
 Claudio Gora - Ing. Telladi
 Tino Buazzelli - Father Bartolomeo
 Franca Marzi - Nella
 Ida Galli - Carla
 Lilla Brignone - Regina
 Claudio Catania - Poldino
 Michele Riccardini - Antonio, tailor and doorman
 Enzo Cerusico - Admirer
 Nadia Marlowa
 Luciana Gilli - Girl in the park (as Gloria Gilli)
 Enzo Maggio - Fricandò
 Graziella Galvani - Mathematics teacher

Production
Nino Rota did the music. A writer on Rota's career analysed the score, saying that:
The music for the credits... is supplied first by a sprightly modern jazz combo, then by a barrel organ. This is appropriate for a film that is about the present and the past in two ways: ghosts occupying a palazzo in present-day Rome, and the destructive attempts of its new owners to modernise it, attempts thwarted by the ghosts. However, the ghosts’ motifs are not always played on old instruments; while on their first appearance in the film, each one’s motif is so introduced... this often gives way to jazziness... This play with motifs and instrumentations continues throughout the film and is appropriate: the ghosts are not anti-modern; they enjoy playing about in modern-day Rome while also wishing to preserve the inheritance of (their) past.

Reception
Variety said "pic is quaint but bogs down after some inventive early passages... special effects are good but without the film pacing to make them captivating throughout. Obvious phantoms soon get repetitive."

One review called it "a jolly little Roman fantasy." The Spectator called it "a cheerful surprise."

The Monthly Film Bulletin called it an "inoffensive comedy has a theme too slight and too lacking to be anything other than tedious when treated at such length."

Sight and Sound called it "a fragile fantasy". Filmink called it "entertaining".

Awards
Eduardo De Filippo won Best Supporting Actor at the 1961 San Francisco Film Festival.

References

External links

Film page at BFI

1961 films
1961 comedy films
Italian comedy films
1960s Italian-language films
Films scored by Nino Rota
Films directed by Antonio Pietrangeli
Films set in Rome
Films with screenplays by Ruggero Maccari
1960s Italian films


"You Gots to Chill" is a song by EPMD, released as a single from their 1988 debut album Strictly Business. It reached number 22 on the U.S. R&B chart. The song prominently features a sample from "More Bounce to the Ounce" by Zapp and "Jungle Boogie" by Kool & the Gang. This song is widely considered a hip hop classic and has been paid homage by various rappers who have quoted the lyrics to this song in their own music, including Snoop Dogg and LL Cool J, among others. It was number 74 on VH1's 100 Greatest Hip Hop Songs

Music video
The official music video was directed by Adam Bernstein, who would also direct the video for "So Wat Cha Sayin'" a year later.

References

1988 singles
1988 songs
EPMD songs
Songs written by Erick Sermon
Songs written by Roger Troutman
Songs written by PMD (rapper)
Sleeping Bag Records singles
Funk-rap songs


R.H. Capener was a footballer who played one game as a forward for Burslem Port Vale in 1898.

Career
Capener joined Burslem Port Vale on a trial basis in August 1898. His Second Division debut came at inside-right in a 2–0 loss to Leicester Fosse at the Athletic Ground on 12 November. This proved to be his only appearance and he was released, most probably at the end of the season.

Career statistics
Source:

References

Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
English men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Port Vale F.C. players
English Football League players
Place of birth missing


Ahmed Imamović (born 1971) is a Bosnian film director, film producer and screenwriter.

He directed the controversial film Go West and the short film 10 Minutes.

Filmography

Film

Awards and nominations

References

External links

Living people
European Film Awards winners (people)
Bosnia and Herzegovina film producers
Bosnia and Herzegovina film directors
Bosnia and Herzegovina screenwriters
Male screenwriters
1971 births
Bosnia and Herzegovina male writers


Events in the year 1686 in Norway.

Incumbents
Monarch: Christian V

Events
The Cathedral Hellig Trefoldigheds Kirke in Christiania burned down (completed in 1639).

Arts and literature

Births

31 January - Hans Egede, Lutheran missionary (d.1758)

Deaths

Exact date missing
Christen Nielsen Holberg, army officer (born c. 1625)

See also

References


Otoyol 2 (), abbreviated as , locally referred to as 2. Çevreyolu (), is a motorway in Istanbul, Turkey that forms the outer ring road of the city connecting European and Asian parts via the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge.

It starts in Mahmutbey East on the European part, where the Avrupa Otoyolu ()  links, runs through the northern outskirts of the city passing over the Bosporus Strait, and terminates at the western end of the Anadolu Otoyolu () , before the toll plaza is situated. Otoyol 2 is toll-free, however the Fatih Sultan Bridge is a toll bridge in the eastward direction only, having its toll plaza at the European side. O-2 is connected via three feeder highways to İstanbul 1. Çevreyolu (First Beltway)  and one highway to Avrupa Otoyolu (Europe Motorway). As the connecting highway of the motorways  and , it is part of the international routes European  and Asian .

See also
 List of highways in Turkey

References

External links

Istanbul road map

Transport in Istanbul Province
02
Eyüp
Kağıthane
Şişli
Beşiktaş
Transport in Kadıköy
Bağcılar
Esenler
Gaziosmanpaşa
Sarıyer
Beykoz
Ümraniye
Ataşehir


SC Düdingen is a Swiss football club based in Düdingen, Canton Fribourg. They currently play in the Swiss 1. Liga, the third tier of Swiss football.

History

The club was formed in July 1924 by a group of young men at the Hotel Bahnhof in Düdingen. The first board of directors at the club consisted of the President Romain de Meyer, his vice-president Jules Sapin and Treasurer Louis Vuarnoz. The club did not immediately seek affiliation with the Swiss Football Association, they mostly played friendly matches. In 1974 the club gained their first promotion to the 2nd tier.

External links
Official website
football.ch profile
Soccerway profile

Football clubs in Switzerland
Association football clubs established in 1924
1924 establishments in Switzerland


"You Can Make Me Dance, Sing or Anything (Even Take the Dog for a Walk, Mend a Fuse, Fold Away the Ironing Board, or Any Other Domestic Shortcomings)" was the last official single by British rock group Faces, released in November 1974. It later appeared on their 1976 greatest hits album Snakes and Ladders / The Best of Faces.

Released under the group title, Rod Stewart and the Faces, the single reached number 12 over Christmas 1974 in the UK Singles Chart. The song still holds the record for the longest song-title ever to hit the UK chart.

As hinted by the title, the song follows a man happy to be with his romantic partner:  "And I end up crying, but listen/ I can be a millionaire/ Honey when you're standing there/ You're so exciting/ You can make me dance."

Personnel
Kenney Jones - drums
Ian McLagan - piano, organ
Rod Stewart - vocals
Ronnie Wood - guitar, backing vocals
Tetsu Yamauchi - bass

Charts

References

1974 singles
Faces (band) songs
Songs written by Rod Stewart
1974 songs
Warner Records singles
Songs written by Ronnie Wood
Songs written by Ian McLagan


Darren Cahill and John Fitzgerald were the defending champions but they competed with different partners that year, Cahill with Mark Kratzmann and Fitzgerald with Simon Youl.

Fitzgerald and Youl lost in the first round to Peter Doohan and Laurie Warder.

Cahill and Kratzmann lost in the final 6–3, 6–7, 7–5 to David Pate and Scott Warner.

Seeds

  Darren Cahill /  Mark Kratzmann (final)
  Peter Doohan /  Laurie Warder (quarterfinals)
  Brad Drewett /  Wally Masur (first round)
  Eric Jelen /  Carl-Uwe Steeb (first round)

Draw

External links
1989 Australian Indoor Championships Doubles Draw

Doubles


The Obtectomera is a clade of macro-moths and butterflies, comprising over 100,000 species in at least 12 superfamilies.

Taxonomy

The Obtectomera includes the following 12 superfamilies:
 Whalleyanoidea Minet, 1991
 Thyridoidea Herrich-Schäffer, 1846 – picture-winged leaf moths
 Hyblaeoidea Hampson, 1903 – teak moths
 Calliduloidea Moore, 1877 –  Old World butterfly-moths
 Papilionoidea Latreille, 1802 – true butterflies
 Pyraloidea Latreille, 1809 – pyraloid moths
 Mimallonoidea Burmeister, 1878 – sack bearers (sometimes included Macroheterocera)
 Macroheterocera Chapman, 1893
 Drepanoidea Boisduval, 1828 – drepanids
 Noctuoidea Latreille, 1809 – owlet moths
 Geometroidea Leach, 1815 – inchworms
 Lasiocampoidea Harris, 1841 – lappet moths
 Bombycoidea Latreille, 1802 – bombycoid moths

Some other superfamilies are sometimes included:

 Pterophoroidea Latreille, 1802 – plume moths
 Alucitoidea Leach, 1815 – many-plume moths
 Copromorphoidea [=Carposinoidea] Walsingham, 1897 – fruitworm moths
 Epermenioidea Spuler, 1910 – fringe-tufted moths
 Gelechioidea Stainton, 1854 – case-bearers, twirler moths, curved-horn moths, etc.

The macroheteroceran superfamilies were previously place in the Macrolepidoptera, but recent molecular studies have failed to recover the Macrolepidoptera as a monophyletic group. The latter grouping also included true butterflies (Papilionoidea), New World butterfly-moths (Hedylidae), Old World butterfly-moths (Calliduloidea), and European gold moths (Axioidea).

References

Ditrysia


Liede Station () is a station on Line 5 of the Guangzhou Metro. It is located under the junction of Huacheng Avenue () and Liede Avenue (), in Liede, Tianhe District, near the Guangzhou International Finance Center in Zhujiang New Town. The station opened on 28December 2009.

References

Railway stations in China opened in 2009
Guangzhou Metro stations in Tianhe District


Lilla Brignone (23 August 1913 – 24 March 1984) was an Italian film and theater actress. She appeared in 40 films between 1930 and 1982. Her father was film director and actor Guido Brignone and her aunt was actress Mercedes Brignone. Her mother was actress Lola Visconti (pseudonym of Dolores Visconti).

Selected filmography
 Loyalty of Love (1934)
 Thirty Seconds of Love (1936)
 The Amnesiac (1936)
 The Jester's Supper (1942)
 Abbiamo vinto! (1951)
 Angels of Darkness (1954)
 Dreams in a Drawer (1957)
 Estate Violenta (1959)
 Ghosts of Rome (1961)
 L'Eclisse (1962)
 The Betrothed (1964)
 Malicious (1973)

References

External links

Lilla Brignone

1913 births
1984 deaths
Italian film actresses
Actresses from Rome
Deaths from cancer in Lazio
20th-century Italian actresses


Boa Vista Airport may refer to
Boa Vista International Airport in Brazil near the town of Boa Vista
Aristides Pereira International Airport or Rabil Airport in Cape Verde on the island of Boa Vista


Kinga Czuczor (born in Nové Zámky which was then in Czechoslovakia) is a Hungarian beauty pageant contestant. She is notable for winning the title of Miss Hungary in 1990. Czuczor went on to represent Hungary in the Miss World pageant which was held on November 8, 1990, at the London Palladium. She also represented Hungary at the Miss International pageant held on October 13, 1991, in Tokyo and various other beauty contests, like World Miss University, Miss Globe International, Miss Hawaiian Tropic.

She completed her studies at German and Russian faculty of ELTE University in Budapest, Hungary. After completion of her MA degree, she traveled to the United States to pursue further studies. She has been awarded scholarships at New School and New York University, in New York City, where she studied sociology, international relations and international politics between 1995 and 1999. Later in her career she worked at MTV Networks International and lives in Budapest, Hungary.

References

External links

1960s births
Living people
Hungarian female models
Miss World 1990 delegates
Hungarians in Slovakia
Hungarian beauty pageant winners
Miss International 1991 delegates
Eötvös Loránd University alumni


Gomirje Monastery () is a Serbian Orthodox monastery in Croatia. It is the westernmost Serb Orthodox monastery, located in the western part of Croatia near the village of Gomirje, near the town of Ogulin. The monastery is thought to have been founded in 1600. The monastery includes the church of Roždenije saint John the Baptist, built in 1719.

History

Congregation's and Monastery's early years
Gomirje Monastery was built in the period of the first larger Serb settling in the villages of Gomirje, Vrbovsko and Moravice at the end of 16th and the beginning of the 17th century. In 1600 nobleman Juraj Frankopan, brother of the Vuk II Krsto Frankopan, have granted right of "the eternal procuration" of depopulated village of Gomirje to the 325 Serb refugees from Udbina and Korenica which at the time were under the control of the Ottoman Empire. One monk arrived together with settlers and in the 1600-1602 period settlers have build one small wooden chapel for him to serve religious services which will serve as the corner stone of the future monastery. The first conflict with the members of Frankopan family surfaced in the following years when Frankopan's wanted to turn settlers into serfs while settlers claimed rights of the Grenzer or 'Frontiersmen' of the Croatian Military Frontier. In 1602 settlers' mission asked for protection from the Archduke Ferdinand, and in 1608 they asked once again either for protection or resettlement. In 1615 most of the settlers moved away to the Slavonian Military Frontier with only 40 families remaining in Gomirje. In 1621 Vuk II Krsto Frankopan erected one observation tower beside the monastery to control Ottoman movements in the region. In 1617 Gomirje's remaining settlers complained once again through their emissaries in Graz and the entire conflict was not resolved until the year of 1657 when settlers redeemed rights on land of the Gomirje area and defined its boundaries in return for four years of annual fee of 15,000 Forints. 1657 Agreement granted part of the land to the Gomirje Monastery and it was confirmed by the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I.

As the old monk could not work as the military chaplain settlers invited 6 or 7 new monks from the Krka Monastery who established first wooden Monastery of John the Baptist surrounded with a small property which was increased over the years through purchasing and endowments. At one point Monastery even owned a port in Senjska Draga near the town of Senj. Its monks served in the Gomirje, Vrbovsko, Moravice, Drežnica, Ponikve, Ravna Gora, Jasenak, Tuk, Mrkpolje, as well Marindol and Bojanci in modern-day Slovenia. They served around Žumberak at the times when there was no orthodox priests, but in this they faced resistances from the mid 18th century. In 1719 wooden church was replaced with the one built by stone which was completed in 1730.

Resistance to Uniatism
Uniatist efforts of the Roman Catholic Church supported by the authorities intensified in the later part of the second half of the 17th century after decision was taken to transfer seats of eparchies from monasteries to towns. Monks at the Gomirje Monastery provided resistance to the efforts of pro-unitarist bishop Pavle Zoričić resulting in arrests, mistreatment and dungeon sentences. In 1672 group of 14 monks from Gomirje, Marča and Lepavina Monastery were clipped and sentenced to heavy work in shackles as reptiles on galleys or stone carriers in the project of erection of Malta Fortress. In 1750 Gomirje monks were expelled from the Žumberak Mountains. At the time Gomirje resisted unitarist efforts through the activities of the bishop Danilo Jakšić and the generous help in secular and religious books which it received from the Russian Orthodox Church.

1781 Patent of Toleration

In 1789, the monastery was devastated by fires and subsequently rebuilt in 1791. In 1810, future metropolitan of Sremski Karlovci, Serbian Patriarch and administrator of Serbian Vojvodina Josif Rajačić became a monk in Gomirje. In 1811, Sava Mrkalj joined the monastic order for two years until he decided to leave Gomirje Monastery in 1813.

20th century
During World War I, Austria-Hungary turned Gomirje Monastery into concentration camp for Serbian Orthodox priests from the Triune Kingdom and areas of Vojvodina. The monastery library and collections were professionally organized in 1938 with the expert advice from the Museum of Arts and Crafts, Zagreb. During the World War II, the Ustaše government of the Independent State of Croatia killed monastery monks and took all of the monastery's valuable possessions to Zagreb, while the complex itself was burned in 1943. The monastery was reopened in 1967.

See also
 List of Serbian Orthodox monasteries
 Serbs of Croatia

References

Further reading

External links

Manastir Gomirje

Serbian Orthodox monasteries in Croatia
18th-century Serbian Orthodox church buildings
Christian monasteries established in the 17th century
Buildings and structures in Karlovac County
Patriarchate of Peć


Peter Carter may refer to:

 Peter Carter (academic lawyer) (1921–2004), Fellow of Wadham College, Oxford
 Piero Lulli (1929–1991) actor credited as Peter Carter
 Peter Carter (author) (1929–1999), British children's writer
 Peter Carter (director) (1933–1982), Canadian film and television director
 Peter Carter (tennis) (1964–2002), Australian tennis player and coach
 Peter Carter (nurse), British nurse
 Pete Carter (1938–2011), British trade unionist
 Peter Carter (footballer) (born 1959), Australian rules footballer
 Peter J. Carter (1845–1886), American politician in Virginia

See also
 Peter Carter-Ruck (1914–2003), English lawyer
 Peter Karter (1922–2010), American nuclear engineer


A pontil mark or punt mark is the scar where the pontil, punty or punt was broken from a work of blown glass.  The presence of such a scar indicates that a glass bottle or bowl was blown freehand, while the absence of a punt mark suggests either that the mark has been obliterated or that the work was mold-blown.

Some glassblowers grind a hollow into the base of their work, obliterating the natural punt scar.  Where the base of the work is sufficiently heavy, the entire natural base can be sawed or ground flat.  Where the base of the work is concave, after the punt has been broken from the work, the punt may be used to attach a small gather of hot glass over the punt scar, into which a maker's mark is impressed.

As commonly used in the collectibles and antiques industry, the term refers to the mark impressed on a blown glass item over this scar, since many notable glassblowers have impressed or engraved makers marks in the punt scars of their work.  In the case of mold-blown work, where no pontil is used during manufacture, the term has also come to apply to marks impressed in the base of the work where the pontil scar would have been had it been free blown.

The base of a wine bottle, particularly when it is indented, has come to be known as a punt, although wine bottles have generally been mold-blown for centuries.

In older enamelled glass there are often two pontil marks, indicating that the piece has been in the furnace twice, before and after the enamels were added.

References

External links
Discussion with glassmakers and collectors.

Glass art
Glass production


Enzo Cerusico (22 October 1937 – 26 November 1991) was an Italian film actor. He appeared in more than 50 films between 1948 and 1984.

Life and career
The son of a production manager, Cerusico started his career as a child actor in 1948, playing a role of weight in Alessandro Blasetti's Heart and Soul. He studied acting first at the  and later with Alessandro Fersen, and had his breakout on stage in the 1960s, playing the title role in Meo Patacca.

Career in the United States
Cerusico's first role on American television was in a 1966 episode of I Spy filmed in Rome. Producer Sheldon Leonard held a casting call for an English-speaking actor to play the kid brother of the female Italian guest star. Cerusico spoke no English but with a friend's help he memorized one line — "I studied English in the school since four years" — and managed to bluff his way into an interview with Leonard.

Leonard realized Cerusico wasn't fluent in English but he thought the young man possessed "Jean Paul Belmondo's jaunty virility and the swaggering charm of Maurice Chevalier." Leonard chose Cerusico for the I Spy guest role and Cerusico learned his lines phonetically and delivered them by rote.

Cerusico later played the title character in My Friend Tony, an hour-long crime drama that aired on NBC in 1969.

Personal life
Cerusico's family had hoped he would follow tradition and become a physician. But during his teen years, Cerusico realized he wouldn't be a good doctor and decided he "didn't want to be one among many, a mediocre."

While living in Los Angeles during filming of My Friend Tony, Enzo and Tiziana learned English by reading Ernest Hemingway's short stories and watching Walter Cronkite's evening newscasts. The couple used an audio tape recorder to record the CBS Evening News each night and replayed the tape three times, Enzo said: "First for the separate words, then for the sentences and finally to find out what the news was." Publicity materials released in 1969 for My Friend Tony gave the 32-year-old Cerusico's age as 25.

Selected filmography

 Heart and Soul (1948) - Nelli
 Feathers in the Wind (1950) - Little patriot
 Brief Rapture (1951)
 I due derelitti (1951)
 Viva il cinema! (1952) - (uncredited)
 Red Shirts (1952) - Ciceruacchio's son
 In Olden Days (1952) - The drummer (segment "Il tamburino sardo")
 The Angels of the District (1952) - Il Capo
 La figlia del diavolo (1952)
 Una croce senza nome (1952)
 It's Never Too Late (1953) - Antonio Trabbi bambino
 Guendalina (1957) - Postino
 La Dolce Vita (1960) - Fotografo
 Il Mattatore (1960) - Benito Mesci (uncredited)
 Siege of Syracuse (1960) - Giovane allievo (uncredited)
 Colossus and the Amazon Queen (1960) - Menandro
 Il gobbo (1960) - Scheggia
 Ghosts of Rome (1961) - L'uomo corteggiamento giovane
 Tiro al piccione (1961) - Montaldo - the shepherd killed
 Cronache del '22 (1961) - (segment "Giorno di paga")
 Romolo e Remo (1961) - Numa Pompilio
 Pugni pupe e marinai (1961) - Raffaele Bottari
 Cartouche (1962) - Un bandit
 Duel of Fire (1962) - Policeman
 Hercules, Samson and Ulysses (1963) - Ulysses
 Blood and Black Lace (1964) - Gas Station Attendant
 In ginocchio da te (1964) - Gualtiero - cousin of Carla
 Extraconiugale (1964) - Manovale (segment "La doccia")
 Una storia di notte (1964) - Il Matto
 Mondo pazzo... gente matta! (1966) - Marco - The Cello Player
 Me, Me, Me... and the Others (1966)
  (1966) - Gru (uncredited)
 Tre notti violente (1966)
 Maigret a Pigalle (1966) - Albert
 Mi vedrai tornare (1966) - Lt. Saro Spampinato
 Faustina (1968) - Enea Troiani
 L'invasion (1970) - Piero Nato
 Per amore o per forza (1971)
 Racconti proibiti... di niente vestiti (1972) - Romeo
 The Dead Are Alive (1972) - Alberto
 Meo Patacca (1972) - Marco Pepe
 Anche se volessi lavorare, che faccio? (1972) - Girasole
 No, the Case Is Happily Resolved (1973) - Fabio Santamaria
 The Five Days aka Le Cinque Giornate (1973) - Romolo Marcelli
 Zorro (1975) - Joaquín, Don Diego's Servant
 Amore mio spogliati... che poi ti spiego! (1975) - Alberto Donati
 A.A.A. cercasi spia... disposta spiare per conto spie (1976) - Giovanni Sebastiano Bacchi
 La lozana andaluza (1976) - Rampín
 Occhio alla vedova (1976)
 7 ragazze di classe (1979) - Roberto Galíndez
 Scusi lei è normale? (1979) - Nicola Proietti / 'Nicole'
 Uno scugnizzo a New York (1984) - Anna's Father
 Treasure Island in Outer Space (1987, TV Mini-Series) - Augustine

References

External links

1937 births
1991 deaths
Italian male film actors
Italian male child actors
Male actors from Rome
Deaths from cancer in Lazio
20th-century Italian male actors


The Sportscar Vintage Racing Association (SVRA) is an American automobile club and sanctioning body that supports vintage racing in the United States. The organization was founded in 1981, and is regarded as the premier vintage racing organization in the U.S.

Along with conducting official race meets, SVRA events also include car shows, auto auctions, vendors, and other activities promoting the "car culture". The organization encourages the restoration, preservation, and racing of historically significant automobiles that are configured as closely as possible to their original design and construction.

Venues
The 2021 SVRA season comprises 17 events at road courses across the country:

 Auto Club Speedway
 Brainerd International Raceway
 Circuit of the Americas
 Charlotte Motor Speedway
 Hutchinson Island
 Laguna Seca
 Lime Rock Park
 Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course
 Portland International Raceway
 Road America
 Road Atlanta
 Sebring International Raceway
 Sonoma Raceway
 The Ridge Motorsports Park
 Utah Motorsports Campus
 Virginia International Raceway
 Watkins Glen International

Former venues include:

 Amelia Island
 Roebling Road Raceway
 Tail of the Dragon
 Willow Springs International Raceway

The SVRA runs a "triple crown" for historic sports cars, the Vintage Race of Champions.  These three events are the organisation's marquee events and the VROC, featuring pro-am fields, is featured in these three venues:
 Virginia International Raceway
 Indianapolis Motor Speedway (Indy Legends Charity Pro–Am race)
 Road Atlanta

The VROC is suspended for 2021 because of fan restrictions amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

Race car groups
The SVRA currently recognizes 12 car groups, with criteria based on car type, age, engine displacement, horsepower, original class placement, and other various technical specifications. The organization largely requires participants to keep the cars as true to their original form as possible, however, certain modern safety modifications are required.

Group 1

Recognized small displacement production sports cars and sedans
Examples:
 Sprite
 Midget
 Mini Cooper
 Triumph Spitfire
 Alfa Romeo Giulietta
 MGA
 Fiat-Abarth
 Lotus 7
 Select G and H-modifieds and D-Sports Racers, Formula Vee

Group 2

Pre-1973 Formula cars.
Examples:
 Lotus
 Brabham
 Caldwell
 Titan
 Crosslé
 Merlyn
 Royale
 Elva
 Hawke

Group 3

Recognized series-produced sports cars and sedans in production prior to 1972.
Examples:
 MGB
 Triumph TR3 and TR4
 Austin-Healey 3000
 Porsche 356
 Elva Courier
 Morgan
 Daimler
 Sunbeam Alpine
 Volvo P1800

Group 4

Limited produced sports cars, racing "specials" and GT cars built or in production prior to 1960.
Examples:
 Scarab
 Devin
 Maserati
 Ferrari
 Lotus
 Jaguar XK120/140, C, D
 Lister
 Allard
 Elva
 Porsche RSK Spyder
 Cunningham

Group 5

World Sports Car Championship and World Manufacturer's Championship GT's and prototypes as raced between 1960 and 1972. USRRC sports cars and Can-Am cars as raced before 1969 with invited later models. Front engine "specials" as raced after 1959.
Examples:
 Lotus 23, 30, 40
 Porsche 904, 906, 907, 910
 Elva Mk 6, 7, 8
 Ford GT40
 McLaren
 Lola T70, T160
 McKee
 Chevron

Group 6

Selected big-bore production sports cars and sedans through 1972. This is the group that is utilized for the Vintage Race of Champions (VROC) pro-am series, which includes the Indy Legends Charity Pro–Am race at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway.
Examples:
 Chevrolet Corvette
 Shelby GT-350
 AC Cobra
 Ford Mustang
 Chevrolet Camaro
 Jaguar XKE
 Plymouth Barracuda
 Mercury Cougar
 Griffith
 Porsche 911
 AMC Javelin
 AMC AMX

Group 7

World Championship for Makes sports cars as raced after 1970 on slicks. Under 2.0-liter sports cars as raced after 1972. Center-seat Can-Am cars. SCCA, ASR & BSR, Sports 2000.
Examples:
 McLaren
 Porsche 908, 917, 956, 962
 Lola
 Chevron
 Ferrari 312, 512
 Alfa Romeo T33
 Lancia
 Matra

Group 8

Recognized series-produced sports cars and sedans in production prior to 1979, and later cars by invitation.
Examples:
 Lotus Super 7
 Datsun 240Z
 BMW 2002
 Sunbeam Tiger
 Porsche 911, 914, 924, 944
 Datsun 510
 Escort
 Alfa Romeo GTV

Group 9

Wings and slicks formula cars complying with SVRA post-1973 formula car regulations.
Examples:
 Formula 1 and Indy Lights
 Formula 5000
 Formula 2
 Formula Atlantic & Formula B (1600cc)
 Formula Super Vee (1600cc, air & water cooled)
 Formula Continental and Formula 3 (1100cc)

Group 10

Selected IMSA and FIA/GT sports cars and sedans as raced between 1973 and 1999. NASCAR Cup/Busch series stock cars. Production-based contemporary cars.
Examples:
 Porsche RSR, 934, 935, 964, 993
 Chevrolet Corvette
 Chevrolet Monza
 Chevrolet Camaro
 Ford Mustang T/A
 Nissan
 Toyota
 Mazda RX-7

Group 11
GTP/Group C, ALMS, PSCR, WSC, Grand Am, and WeatherTech Championship prototype cars as raced from 1981 to five years before the current date.  SVRA may permit cars that are deemed obsolete by rules, such as the 2003-16 Daytona Prototype chassis, made obsolete after the 2016 season, before the five-year rule is applied. Tube frame Trans Am and IMSA GTS, GTO and FIA-GT cars as raced from 1981 to specified cut-off date (five years, but SVRA may permit cars once their GT3/GT4 homologation has expired to participate). Production-based contemporary cars based on performance history as raced from 1999 to 5 years prior to calendar year or homologation has expired (car cannot be used in current sportscar racing). Can-Am and A Sports Racing cars as raced after 1967 on slicks, over 6.0 Liters. Center-seat Can-Am cars on slicks over 5.0 Liters.
Examples:
Aston Martin AMR1
Intrepid
Audi R8
Daytona Prototype 2003-16 (now legal per SVRA)
Ford Mustang
Trans Am
Oldsmobile Aurora
Pontiac Grand Am
Porsche GT2 and Cup

Group 12
Select GT sports cars and sedans raced between 1973 and 5 years prior to today's date or when homlogation has expired. These are Production-based cars such as the IMSA Michelin Pilot Challenge or any other stock / prepared racing series once their homologation has expired. Early IMSA GTO and GTU small bore cars will be accepted on an individual basis.  SVRA may permit a car no longer permitted in the Pilot Challenge or other similar series to participate in SVRA without regards to the five-year rule.
Examples:
Chevrolet Corvette
Dodge Viper
Ford Mustang
Panoz,
Datsun Z cars
Nissan ZX
various BMW, Porsche and Ferrari models

Annual Awards
 Driver of the Year
 Rookie of the Year
 Most Improved Driver
 Professional Mechanic
 Amateur Mechanic
 Bob Prouty Award
 BUBBA Award
 Bucher/Decker Trophy
 Charlie Gibson Award
 Collier Cup
 Cornett Cup
 Glanville Cup
 Handy Cup
 Hugh Kleinpeter Award
 MGT Cup
 Sports Racer Challenge
 VIR Founders Cup

United States Vintage Racing National Championship
On October 25–27, 2013, SVRA held the inaugural United States Vintage Racing National Championship at the Circuit of the Americas near Austin, Texas. 500 vintage race cars competed in twelve classes with a national champion crowned in each class.

References

External links

Official website
SVRA Flickr Group
Opinion article on historic racing
Gallery of 2004 SVRA racing at Watkins Glen

Historic motorsport
Auto racing organizations in the United States
Companies based in DeKalb County, Georgia


Alexander Henry is the name of the following people:
 Alexander Henry the elder (1739–1834), fur trader and entrepreneur
 Alexander Henry the younger (died 1814), fur-trader, nephew of the above
 Alexander Henry (gunsmith) (1818–1894), Scottish gunsmith
 Alexander Henry (Philadelphia) (1823–1883), American politician
 Alex Henry, Canadian ice hockey player
 Alexander Henry (MP), British Member of Parliament for South Lancashire elected in 1847


"You Don't Know What You've Got (Until You Lose It)" is a 1961 single by Ral Donner.  It was his biggest hit, peaking at number four on the Billboard Hot 100. and at #25 on the UK charts.  The song also appears on Donner's 1961 album Takin' Care of Business.

The song was written by Paul Hampton and George Burton and released by Gone Records.  It debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 chart for the week of July 16, 1961, at spot 83.  It continued to rise on the chart for the next eight weeks, peaking at number 4 for the week of September 10, 1961 (during the reign of Michael by The Highwaymen at number 1).  It dropped off the chart after a 12-week run.

Donner's Elvis Presley-like vocals caused many to think the song was by Elvis.  According to a 1979 interview with Donner, the song was recorded in Florida and was intended for recording by a girl group, but Ral and his colleagues liked the demo they heard of the song and decided to record it.

Chart performance

References

1961 singles
1961 songs
Songs written by Paul Hampton


The 1990 Australian Indoor Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Sydney Entertainment Centre in Sydney in Australia and was part of the Championship Series of the 1990 ATP Tour. It was the 18th edition of the tournament and was held from 1 through 7 October 1990. Second-seeded Boris Becker won the singles title, his second at the event after 1986.

Finals

Singles

 Boris Becker defeated  Stefan Edberg 7–6, 6–4, 6–4
 It was Becker's 5th title of the year and the 38th of his career.

Doubles

 Broderick Dyke /  Peter Lundgren defeated  Stefan Edberg /  Ivan Lendl 6–2, 6–4
 It was Dyke's only title of the year and the 8th of his career. It was Lundgren's only title of the year and the 6th of his career.

References

External links
 International Tennis Federation (ITF) – tournament edition details

Australian Indoor Tennis Championships
Ind
October 1990 sports events in Australia
Sports competitions in Sydney
Tennis in New South Wales


John Paddock (1876–1965) was an English footballer who played as a forward for West Bromwich Albion, Brierley Hill Alliance, Walsall, Halesowen, Wellington Town, and Burslem Port Vale.

Career
John Paddock, the son of West Brom trainer Jack Paddock, started his career with West Bromwich Albion in 1899. He played some twenty league games, scoring at least one goal. He later had spells with Brierley Hill Alliance, Walsall, Halesowen and Wellington Town, before joining Burslem Port Vale in August 1906. He scored on his debut for the Vale; at outside-right in a 2–1 win over his old club West Brom at the Athletic Ground on 10 September. He played just eight Second Division games however, and was released at the end of the season as the club went into liquidation.

Career statistics
Source:

References

1876 births
1965 deaths
Footballers from West Bromwich
English men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
West Bromwich Albion F.C. players
Brierley Hill Alliance F.C. players
Walsall F.C. players
Halesowen Town F.C. players
Telford United F.C. players
Port Vale F.C. players
English Football League players


The Dresbachian is a Maentwrogian regional stage of North America, lasting from 501 to 497 million years ago. It is part of the Upper Cambrian and is defined by four trilobite zones. It overlaps with the ICS-stages Guzhangian, Paibian and the lowest Jiangshanian.

The Dresbachian overlies the Middle Cambrian Albertan series, and is the lowest stage of the Upper Cambrian Croixian series, followed by the Franconian stage.  The Dresbachian extinction event, about 502 million years ago, was followed by the Cambrian–Ordovician extinction event about  million years ago.

Naming
The term is derived from the town of Dresbach which is located in southeastern Minnesota on the Mississippi River.

Definition
The Dresbachian is defined by four trilobite zones: Cedaria-, Crepicephalus-, Aphelaspis- and Dunderbergia trilobite zones.

Events
The Dresbachian extinction event during the Late Cambrian was the second of two severe extinctions during the first period of the Paleozoic era; the first being the End-Botomian extinction event during the Middle Cambrian. According to data on extinction intensity (see below), both extinction events slashed approximately 40 percent of marine genera. They are poorly documented due to a paucity of fossil evidence so early in the evolution of life.

References

 Chen Jun-yuan & Teichert C, 1983; "Cambrian Cephalopods", Geology Vol 11, pp647–650, Nov 1983
 Flower R.H.1964,  The Nautiloid Order Ellesmerocerida (Cephalopoda) Menoir 12, New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources, Socorro, NM
Harland, W. B. et al. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge . Ref in Paleobiology Database on line.
 Moore, Lalicker, and Fischer 1952; Invertebrate Fossils; McGraw-Hill; fig 1-17.
 Geowhen database.

Cambrian geochronology
Cambrian United States
Cambrian North America
Extinction events
Cambrian Minnesota
Guzhangian
Paibian
Jiangshanian


Telesforo de Monzón y Ortiz de Urruela (1 December 1904 in Bergara, Spain – 9 March 1981 in Bayonne, France) was a writer, politician and nationalist Basque leader.

Monzón was an important leader of the Basque Nationalist Party during the Second Republic and the Spanish Civil War. After the end of the war, he was forced into exile for more than 40 years. After returning to the Basque region south of the Pyrenees, he became a major figure in the movement for Basque independence and was one of the founders of the coalition Herri Batasuna. At the 1979 General Election he was elected to the Spanish Congress of Deputies representing Gipuzkoa Province, the same district which he had represented from 1932 to 1936 during the Spanish Second Republic. He served until March 1980 when he resigned from the parliament. In the 1980 Basque regional election he was elected to the Basque parliament. He died in March 1981 and was buried in his native Bergara.

References

Sources
 Sudupe, Pako 2011: 50eko hamarkadako euskal literatura II. Kazetaritza eta saiakera, Donostia, Utriusque Vasconiae.

1904 births
1981 deaths
People from Bergara
Basque writers
Herri Batasuna politicians
Members of the 1st Basque Parliament
Members of the 1st Congress of Deputies (Spain)
Members of the Congress of Deputies of the Second Spanish Republic
Exiles of the Spanish Civil War in France


Robert Herman (1914–1997) was an American astronomer.

Robert or Bob Herman or Hermann may also refer to:
Robert Hermann (composer) (1869–1912), Swiss composer
Robert Hermann (mathematician) (1931–2020), American mathematician and mathematical physicist
Robert Alfred Herman (1861–1927), mathematics coach in Cambridge
Robert Dixon Herman (1911–1990), U.S. federal judge
Robert J. Hermann (born 1933), NRO director
Robert Joseph Hermann (born 1934), Catholic bishop
Bob Herman (cricketer) (Robert Stephen Herman, born 1946), English cricketer
Bob Herman (sociologist) (Robert Dunton Herman, 1928–2021), American sociologist
Bob Hermann (1923–2020), American businessman and soccer executive


The publication of an obscene libel was an offence under the common law of England. Prior to the abolition by section 1 of the Criminal Law Act 1967 of the distinction between felony and misdemeanour, it was regarded as a misdemeanour. It has been abolished in England and Wales and Northern Ireland.

The existence of this offence was denied by Hawkins; and by Holt, C.J., who said that it was within the jurisdiction of the spiritual courts.

England and Wales
It was an offence under the common law of England and Wales to publish an obscene libel. This was an indictable-only offence. However, section 2(4) of the Obscene Publications Act 1959 provided that a person publishing an article should not be proceeded against for an offence at common law consisting of the publication of any matter contained or embodied in that article where it was of the essence of the offence that the matter is "obscene". For this purpose the word "obscene" was defined by section 1(1) of that Act.

Lord Reid said:

Accordingly, the effect of section 2(4) is that it was not possible for a person to be prosecuted for this offence, unless the definition of "obscene" at common law was wider than the statutory definition of "obscene". This was probably not the case, because the statutory definition is a paraphrase of the definition given by Lord Cockburn, J., in R v Hicklin (1868) L.R. 3 Q.B. 360 at 371.

The offence was abolished when section 73(c) of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 came into force on 12 January 2010.

See also
Obscenity
Criminal libel
Libel

References
Halsbury's Laws of England, 4th Edition, 2006 reissue, vol. 11(2), para. 753 (also note 6 to para. 748)
Archbold Criminal Pleading, Evidence and Practice (2004), para. 31-60

Defamation
Common law
English law
Common law offences in England and Wales


Fogo Airport may refer to:
Fogo Aerodrome in Newfoundland, Canada
São Filipe Airport, on the Cape Verde island of Fogo


Royce Campbell (born June 7, 1952) is a jazz guitarist from Indiana who was a member of the Henry Mancini orchestra for twenty years.

Musical career
He was born in North Vernon, Indiana. When he was five, his mother married a career Navy man, and Campbell grew up in cities throughout the U.S. and the world. Exposure to a variety of genres contributed to his musical style. A love for rock and roll marked his first connection with the guitar, at the age of nine, when he discovered Chuck Berry. Like many guitarists of his generation, he was influenced by Jimi Hendrix and Eric Clapton.

By the time he finished high school in Spain in the early 1970s, he had decided to pursue a career in music. His uncle, pianist Carroll DeCamp, who had done arrangements for Stan Kenton and Les Elgart, invited him to Indianapolis to live and study. His uncle provided his education in music theory and composition. At 21, he toured with rhythm and blues (R&B) singer Marvin Gaye before spending twenty years as a member of the Henry Mancini orchestra. He held the job until Mancini's death in 1994.

During the 1990s, Campbell recorded more as a leader. In 1993, he produced Project G-5: A Tribute to Wes Montgomery which also featured guitarists Tal Farlow, Jimmy Raney, Herb Ellis, and fellow Hoosier Cal Collins. His 1994 album 6x6 featured guitarists Pat Martino, John Abercrombie, Larry Coryell, Dave Stryker, and Bucky Pizzarelli. On Project G-5: A Tribute to Joe Pass (1999) he combined the talents of Charlie Byrd, Gene Bertoncini, Mundell Lowe, and John Pisano.

In November 2010, Campbell was inducted into the Indianapolis Jazz Foundation Hall of Fame.

Discography

References

Additional sources
 Benedetto, Robert. Making an Archtop Guitar. Anaheim Hills, CA: Centerstream Publishing, 1994. xiii.
 Boyd, Herb. "CD Reviews: A Tribute to Henry Mancini". Down Beat 63.6 (June 1996): 45.
 Cook, Richard, and Brian Morton. The Penguin Guide to Jazz. 9th ed. New York, NY: The Penguin Group, 2008. 221, 1209.
 Ellis, Andy. "A Tribute to Wes Montgomery". Guitar Player 29.2 (Feb 1995): 146.
 Ellis, Andy. "Hands Across the Water". Guitar Player 32.12 (Dec 1998): 139.
 Ephland, John. "Rudy Linka-Royce Campbell". Down Beat 74.3 (March 2007): 71.
 Ephland, John. "Traveling Guitars". Down Beat 76.2 (Feb 2009): 71.
 Erlewine, Stephen Thomas, ed. All Music Guide to Jazz: The Definitive Guide to Jazz. 4th ed. San Francisco, CA: Backstreet Publishing, 2002. 1063.
 Esposito, Russell R. The Golden Milestone. 4th ed. New York, NY: The New York Learning Library, 2007. 320.
 Ingram, Adrian. Mel Bay Concise History of the Electric Guitar. Pacific, MO: Mel Bay Publications, 2006. 106.
 Ingram, Adrian. The Gibson L5. Anaheim Hills, CA: Centerstream Publishing, 1997. 7, 68, 74.
 Koert, Hans. "The Five Guitars". IAJRC Journal 40.4 (Dec 2007): 71–72.
 Koransky, Jason. "Project Shopping". Down Beat 66.6 (June 1999): 53.
 Larkin, Colin, ed. Encyclopedia of Popular Music. 4th ed. US: Oxford University Press, 2006.
 Levy, Adam. "Royce Campbell". Guitar Player 33.12 (Dec 1999): 41.
 Resnicoff, Matt. "Project G-5: A Tribute to Wes Montgomery". Guitar Player 29.6 (June 1995): 29–30.
 Smith, Will. "Six by Six: A Jazz Guitar Celebration". Down Beat 72.7 (July 2005): 76.

References

Living people
1952 births
American jazz guitarists
American jazz composers
American male jazz composers
People from Seymour, Indiana
Guitarists from Indiana
20th-century American guitarists
American male guitarists
20th-century American male musicians


Milica Kacin Wohinz (née Brezigar; 12 October 1930 – 29 December 2021) was a Slovenian historian best known for her seminal study on the history of the forceful Italianization of the Slovene minority in Italy (1920–1947) that took place between 1918 and 1943.

Life
Wohinz was born in the Slovene Littoral, which was annexed by the Kingdom of Italy after World War I. At the age of twelve, she was expelled from school by the Italian Fascist regime as punishment for her father's resistance to Italianization. During World War II, she joined the Liberation Front of the Slovenian People, helping Slovene partisans. After World War II and the annexation of the Slovenian Littoral to Yugoslavia in 1947, she attended the Slovene-language high schools in Postojna and Ljubljana.

In 1952, she enrolled at the University of Ljubljana, where she studied history. She obtained her PhD in 1970 under the supervision of Vasilij Melik. From 1959 onward, she worked at the Institute of Contemporary History in Ljubljana. Between 1979 and 1983, she was head of the institute.

Marxist pressures against her work

Because her research topic was the history of an ethnic minority and not the history of the working class, her work was subjected to Marxist criticisms by Dušan Kermavner during Slovenia's socialist period.

Work
Her works on Slovene and Croat anti-Fascist resistance against Italianization are considered pioneering. She was one of the first historians to engage in thorough research of the militant anti-Fascist organization TIGR.

She was member of the joint Slovenian–Italian Cultural-Historical Commission, established by the governments of the Republic of Slovenia and Republic of Italy to jointly publish the account of the historical relationship between the two peoples from 1880 to 1954 based on historiographic examination of sources.

Selected publications
In Slovene
 1974 Slovenci v zamejstvu: pregled zgodovine 1918–1945 (Slovenes beyond the Borders: A Historical Overview), co-authored with Tone Ferenc. Ljubljana: Državna založba Slovenije.
 1977 Narodnoobrambno gibanje primorskih Slovencev, 1921–1928 (The Ethnic Identity Movement of the Slovenes in the Littoral Region between 1921 and 1928). Koper: Lipa.
 1990 Prvi antifašizem v Evropi. Primorska 1925–1935 (The First Anti-Fascism in Europe. The Slovenian Littoral between 1925 and 1935). Koper: Lipa.
 2000 Zgodovina Slovencev v Italiji 1866–2000 (The History of Slovenes in Italy 1866–2000). Ljubljana: Nova revija.
 2008 Primorski upor fašizmu: 1920–1941 (The Slovene Resistance against Fascism, 1920–1941), co-authored with Marta Verginella. Ljubljana: Slovenska matica.

In Italian
 1998 Storia degli sloveni in Italia: 1866–1998 (History of the Slovenes in Italy, 1866–1998), co-authored with Jože Pirjevec. Venice: Marsilio.
 2004 Vivere al confine: sloveni e italiani negli anni 1918–1941 (Living on the Border: Slovenes and Italians between the Years 1918 and 1941). Gorizia: Goriška Mohorjeva družba.

References

External links
Biography

1930 births
2021 deaths
20th-century Slovenian historians
University of Ljubljana alumni
People from Cerkno
Slovenian women historians
21st-century Slovenian historians


Charles Hayward may refer to:

Sir Charles Hayward (mayor) (1839–1919), mayor of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
Sir Charles William Hayward (1892–1983), British entrepreneur and philanthropist
Charles Hayward (cricketer) (1867–1934), Australian cricketer
Charles Hayward (drummer) (born 1951), British drummer
Charles H. Hayward (1898–1998), British cabinet maker and author
C. T. R. Hayward (Charles Thomas Robert Hayward; born 1948), British academic
Charlie Hayward (born 1949), bass guitarist with the Charlie Daniels Band
Chuck Hayward (1920–1998), American stuntman and actor

See also
Charles Heywood (disambiguation)


Events in the year 1792 in Norway.

Incumbents
Monarch: Christian VII

Events
 Denmark-Norway declares transatlantic slave trade will be illegal after 1803 (though slavery continues to 1848 in Denmark)

Arts and literature

Sør-Fron Church was built.
Sandar Church was built.

Births
1 January – Henrik Anker Bjerregaard, poet, dramatist and judge (died 1842)
18 November – Even Hammer Holmboe, politician (died 1859)
13 December – Christian Schou, brewer and merchant (died 1874).

Full date unknown
Diderik Bøgvad, politician (died 1857)
Jørgen Flood, merchant and politician (died 1867)
Nils Christensen Ringnæs, politician
Erike Kirstine Kolstad, the first professional native stage actress in Norway (d.1830)

Deaths
14 December - Ole Nilsen Weierholt, wood carver (born 1718)

See also

References


The United States taxes citizens and residents on their worldwide income.  Citizens and residents living and working outside the U.S. may be entitled to a foreign earned income exclusion that reduces taxable income. For 2023, the maximum exclusion is $120,000 per taxpayer (future years indexed for inflation). Taxpayers filing a joint return are entitled to up to two exclusions if both have earned income. In addition, the taxpayer may exclude housing expenses in excess of 16% of this maximum ($52.60 per day in 2023) but with limits.

The exclusion is available only for wages or self-employment income earned for services performed outside the U.S.  The exclusion is claimed on IRS Form 2555.

Qualification
Only individuals are eligible for the exclusion.  To qualify for the exclusion, the taxpayer's tax home must be outside the U.S.  In addition, the taxpayer must meet either of two tests:

Bona fide resident test:  the taxpayer was a bona fide resident of a foreign country for a period that includes a full U.S. tax year, or
Physical presence test:  the taxpayer must be physically present in a foreign country (or countries) for at least 330 full days in any 12-month period that begins or ends in the tax year in question.

The bona fide residence test is not available to a resident alien, unless he/she is a citizen or national of a country with which the United States has an income tax treaty in effect. Further, the test is not met if the taxpayer declares to the foreign government that they are not a tax resident of that country. Such declaration could be on visa applications or tax returns, or imposed as a condition of a visa. Eligibility for the exclusion may be affected by some tax treaties.

Counting the days for the physical presence test requires a determination for each day separately.  The IRS makes it clear in Publication 54 that each day can be in more than one 12-month period.  A 12-month period may begin on any day of any month.

Amount of exclusion
The maximum exclusion is $120,000 for tax year 2023 (future years indexed for inflation). The amount of exclusion that a taxpayer is entitled to is equal to the lesser of foreign earned income for the year or the maximum exclusion, divided by the total number of days (365 or 366) in the year times the number of "qualifying days". The exclusion is then reduced by half of self-employment tax.

The "housing exclusion" is the amount of housing expenses in excess of 16% of the exclusion limit, computed on a daily basis. It is also based on the number of qualifying days, and is limited to a specific dollar amount based on the location of housing.

The exclusion is limited to income earned by a taxpayer for performance of services outside the U.S. This includes salary, bonus, and self-employment income. Where income relates to services both in the U.S. and outside the U.S., the income must be apportioned.

Special rules apply to Foreign Service and military personnel.

Form 2555 required
The exclusion is an election. Taxpayers may claim the exclusion only if they file IRS Form 2555 or Form 2555-EZ. The form must be attached to a timely filed U.S. Individual Income Tax Return (IRS Form 1040) for the first year of election, or an amended timely filed return. IRS regulations allow the election with late-filed returns in some cases. The election to exclude may be revoked at any time; however, once revoked the exclusion may not be elected again for five years.

Calculation of tax
Although called an exclusion for historical reasons, since the 2006 tax year it is better described as a credit equal to the amount of tax that would have been owed on the eligible foreign income, without considering any deductions or exemptions. The effect of this is to limit the advantage of the exclusion to a reduction in tax of no more than the amount that would apply for a lower income taxpayer, even if the taxpayer is in a higher tax bracket.

References

External links
IRS Publication 54, Chapter 4: Foreign Earned Income and Housing: Exclusion – Deduction
Foreign Earned Income Exclusion – Form 2555
IRS Chief Counsel Advisory CCA-11281523-12

United States federal income tax
International taxation