Eugenio Kincaid (10 January 1797 – 3 April 1883) was an American Baptist missionary who labored for two periods in Burma (now known as Myanmar). In the first period, he served twelve years. In the second period, he served for another fifteen years. His mission work in Burma covered the whole range of the country, from the farthest north to the farthest south and from the farthest west to almost the farthest east. Between the two periods of his ministry, he had eight years of leave of absence during which he raised funds for the foreign missions, and in addition, helped in the foundation of the University of Lewisburg (later renamed Bucknell University). At the age of 33, Eugenio Kincaid was sent by Baptist Board of Foreign Missions to preach the gospel in Burma.

His tombstone is found in Girard Kansas where he retired for his health and died.

Early life
Eugenio Kincaid was born on 10 January 1797 in Wethersfield, Connecticut, to Noah Kincaid, a physician, and Lydia Hough Kincaid. In 1822 he graduated from the Literary and Theological Institution (later renamed Madison and then Colgate University) at Hamilton. New York. He was strongly inclined to preach for the salvation of the people in Burma after hearing a sermon from Luther Rice, a fellow missionary of Adoniram Judson. and applied to the Baptist Board of Missions for an appointment to serve in Burma, but was rejected.  He then assumed the pastorate of the Baptist Church in Galway, New York. He was well liked by the congregation but he did not feel contented to remain there.  After four years, he then went to Susquehanna valley, a more destitute place, and founded the First Baptist Church in Milton, Pennsylvania starting with nine members.  He married Miss Almy Goff and had two sons: Eugenio Wade Kincaid and Judson Kincaid, who died eleven months later.

In 1828, Eugenio was appointed as a travelling preacher by the Board of the Baptist General Association of Pennsylvania for Missionary Purposes. After serving in that position for two years, he was appointed by the Executive Committee of the Baptist Mission Union to be posted to Burma together with Francis Mason. The assignment for Eugenio and Francis was to continue the pioneering mission work of Adoniram Judson that was started in 1813. Adoniram was pouring most of his labor towards completing the Burmese Bible.  The Kincaids and the Masons sailed from Boston in 1830 and after four months they reached Moulmain (now known as Mawlamyaing) which was under British rule following the First Anglo-Burmese War.

Mission to Burma

While learning to acquire the Burmese language, Rev. Kincaid engaged himself by preaching in Moulmain to the English congregation, consisting entirely of British soldiers.  Within a year, one hundred soldiers were converted and baptized.  In December 1831, his wife Almy died of a tropical disease.  In 1832, Eugenio Kincaid moved to Rangoon (now known as Yangon) which was still under Burmese control.  He took charge of the mission schools and with the help of native missionary assistants he maintained many of the public services of the mission.  During the year of his stay in Rangoon, he married Barbara McBain, daughter of an officer of the East India Company and was born in Madras, India.

Mission to Ava

The following year, Rev. Kincaid took a river boat to the capital Ava, seven hundred miles up the Irrawaddy.  Accompanying the Kincaids were Barbara's sister and two native missionary assistants.  They encountered many robbers along the river but escaped without any harm.  They distributed a large quantity of religious tracts and portions of the New Testament.  The trip took fifty four days and they visited three hundred villages and towns preaching the gospel in most of them.

The reception at the capital was chilly mainly because the king had not forgiven Adoniram Judson for going over to the enemy after the war.  Nevertheless, a church was planted by the end of a year and Rev. Kincaid was permitted to preach to hundreds of thousands of people during the three years he was there.  Rev. Kincaid met many Shan merchants in Ava and he made a plan to visit and learn the habits and characters of these people and other ethnic nationalities.  But the government was opposed to him to travel to the frontiers of Assam and China border.  By his persistence, he obtained at length the permission from the government.

In January 1837, Rev. Kincaid and four of his native assistants went up the Irrawaddy with a boat provided by the British Resident.  They stopped at many villages and distributed tracts and preached the gospel and they were warmly received.  After 23 days and 350 miles from Ava, they arrived at Mogaung in Kachin state known for its jade mines.  It was the northernmost town of the country beneath the shadows of the Himalaya mountains.  Since it was impossible to procure men and provisions needed for further excursion, Eugenio Kincaid decided to return to Ava.  On the return trip, he was exposed to extreme perils and suffering because a civil war had broken out.  Bands of robbers were overrunning the land, pillaging and burning the villages.  Eugenio Kincaid and his disciples were robbed repeatedly but miraculously he was able to escape on foot through the mountains of the Shan State. The disciples also managed to escape earlier.

On his arrival in Ava, he found out King Bagyidaw was dethroned by his brother Prince Tharawaddy and many had lost their lives.  Rev. Kincaid requested for an audience with the new king and was received cordially.  However, the king told him that as the defender of the faith, he had to forbid him from distributing any Christian literature in his realm.  Under the threatening circumstances and fear of the approaching war, Rev. Kincaid decided to go to more promising fields of Tenasserim (now known as Tanintharyi).
He made a long exploration trip through the mountains near Mergui (now known as Myeik). He saw countless number of tracks of rhinoceros, elephant, tiger, monkey, wild hog, and deer. He
stopped in tribal villages and preach and baptized the converts.

He then turned towards the British controlled province of Arakan (now known as Rakhine State). Laboring in the city of Akyab (now known as Sittwe, he made many excursions to all the accessible points to preach the gospel. One day, a chief from the Khami-Chin tribe, named Chetza or "The Great Mountain Chief" paid him a visit. On his return, the Chief together with thirteen petty chiefs wrote a letter urging him to visit the mountains of Chin Hills and preach the gospel to them.  Rev. Kincaid accompanied by Rev. L Stilson set off to Chetza's domain, seventy six miles away and Rev. Stilson established the Khami Mission station, learned their language and reduced it to writing. He converted and Baptized hundreds of them.

Prolonged Sojourn in America
In 1843, the Kincaids made a long visit to America. They had been in Burma for twelve years and the health of Barbara Kincaid required a change of climate. They had two daughters. Their son Eugenio Wade Kincaid died before they could return to America. The main reason for returning home was the unsettled state of situation in the Burmese Empire. During that long leave of absence, Eugenio Kincaid travelled to nearly every state of the union raising funds to support the missions and preaching very effective sermons. In addition, he was instrumental in the founding of the University of Lewisburg (later renamed Bucknell University) in Pennsylvania.

In 1846, King Tharrawaddy Min died and his son Pagan Min ascended the throne. Eugenio Kincaid returned to Moulmein in the early part of 1851 and proceeded to Rangoon. The old disciples received him warmly and a few more Burmese and Karens were baptized.

The encouraging mission work was interrupted by the arrival of a British frigate and four armed steamers. They demanded redress  of grievances on behalf of the East India Company. Barbara Kincaid took refuge on a British merchant ship as she was a British subject and Eugenio Kincaid was asked, because of his knowledge of Burmese, to accompany the British delegation to the provincial governor. Against Rev Kincaid strong objection, the leader of the British delegation insisted on riding their horses into the governor's compound, which was considered an insult according to Burmese custom.  The governor refused to meet the delegation. British ships blockaded the port and the Second Anglo-Burmese War had begun. By the end of 1852, the whole of Lower Burma was in British hands.

In 1853, Pagan Min was deposed and his half-brother Mindon was invited by the Council of Ministers at Amarapura. Midon ascended the throne as Mindon Min.
Rev. Kincaid went to Prome (now known as Pyay) and made many excursions to the surrounding area and many Burmese and Karens were baptized.

Mission to Amarapura

The king Mindon Min invited Rev. Kincaid to the royal residence in Amarapura. After two visits to the court, where he was cordially received, the king persuaded him to visit the United States as an envoy from Burma. The king wanted to establish a friendly relation between the two governments. Rev. Kincaid accepted the proposal because Barbara Kincaid needed a change of climate for her feeble health and also there were some misunderstandings between the Baptist Board of Missions and a number of the missionaries in the field, with regard to policies and field of labor, etc., to be resolved.

In 1857, Eugenio Kincaid carried the royal letter, enclosed in an ivory box lined with crimson velvet, and proceeded to Washington, DC to present it to President James Buchanan. In response, the president prepared a respectful and appropriate reply and entrusted to Eugenio Kincaid with a large number of valuable national publications as gifts.  In 1857, Rev. Kincaid left his family in America and returned to Burma by way of England, the Mediterranean and overland route from Alexandria to Suez and oversea through Gulf of Suez to Ceylon, Calcutta and Burma. After finishing mission business in Prome, Rev. Kincaid proceeded to the royal city. The king extended to the missionaries freedom to preach. The king also ordered his ministers to build a house for Rev Kincaid within the palace ground in the new capital Mandalay but Rev. Kincaid declined and went back to Prome.

From 1857 to 1865, Kincaid served at Prome, primarily among the Karen and Shan peoples. In failing health, Kincaid returned to the United States in 1866, retiring first as a supply preacher in Philadelphia and later in Girard Kansas. Eugenio Kincaid died there on April 3, 1883, and Barbara Kincaid died soon after.<Gerald Anderson, Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions, published by MacMillan, 1998>

See also
List of Protestant Missionaries to Southeast Asia

References

1797 births
1883 deaths
People from Wethersfield, Connecticut
Baptist ministers from the United States
Baptist missionaries from the United States
Baptist missionaries in Myanmar
American expatriates in Myanmar
19th-century American clergy


Verdicio is one of thirteen parishes (administrative divisions) in the Gozón municipality, within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

References

Parishes in Gozón


David George Stead (6 March 1877 – 2 August 1957) was an Australian marine biologist, ichthyologist, oceanographer, conservationist and writer.  He was born at St Leonards in Sydney, and educated at public schools and the Sydney Technical College. In 1909 he was a founder of, and during its early years the main driving force behind, the Wildlife Preservation Society of Australia.  In December 1912 he became an inaugural committee member of the Eugenics Society of New South Wales. His career included many government positions both in Australia and in Malaya.  He served as the Australian representative on international committees concerned with fisheries science, marine biology and oceanography. He married three times, the third time to botanist and writer Thistle Yolette Harris in 1951.  He died at his home in Watsons Bay, Sydney.

Stead is commemorated in the David G. Stead Memorial Wild Life Research Foundation of Australia, and the Wirrimbirra Sanctuary at Bargo, New South Wales, established by his third wife in his memory in the early 1960s.  Mount Stead in the Blue Mountains is named after him.  He was survived by two daughters and three sons of his second marriage and by the only child of his first marriage, the novelist Christina Stead.

Sam in The Man Who Loved Children by Christina Stead is partly modelled on her father.

Publications
As well as numerous papers and articles, books authored by Stead include:
 1905 – Crustaceans: Ancient, Modern and Mythical. With notes on edible crustaceans of NSW. William Brooks: Sydney.
 1906 – Fishes of Australia. A Popular and Systematic Guide to the Study of the Wealth within our Waters. William Brooks: Sydney.
 1907 – Eggs and Breeding Habits of Fishes with Special Reference to Australian Species. William Brooks: Sydney.
 1908 – The Edible Fishes of New South Wales. Their Present Importance and Their Potentialities. NSW Government: Sydney.
 1923 – General report upon the fisheries of British Malaya with recommendations for future development. A.J. Kent, Govt. Printer.
 1933 – Giants and Pigmies of the Deep: a Story of Australian Sea Denizens. Shakespeare Head Press: Sydney.
 1943 – The Tree Book. Consolidated Press: Sydney.
 1935 – The Rabbit in Australia. Sydney.
 1963 – Sharks and Rays of Australian Seas. Angus & Robertson: Sydney.

See also
:Category:Taxa named by David George Stead

References

External links
 Wirrimbirra Flora and Fauna Sanctuary

1877 births
1957 deaths
Australian biologists
Australian marine biologists
Australian conservationists
Australian non-fiction writers
Australian ichthyologists


Youssef Darwish () (October 2, 1910 – June 7, 2006) was an Egyptian labour lawyer, communist and activist. During his years of political activism, he was frequently accused of communist subversion and imprisoned, spending around 10 years of his life in jail. Of Jewish background, he converted to Islam in 1947. He was one of the few from the Karaite Jewish community to remain in Egypt after the establishment of Israel in 1948.

Early life
Darwish was born in 1910 to the Jewish Egyptian jeweller Moussa Youssef Farag Darwish. His family belonged to the minority Karaite Jews that were one of the communities that comprised the rich and diverse mosaic of Egyptian Jewry.  Karaite Jews were simultaneously multilingual and highly integrated in the Egyptian community at that time; most families spoke French and Arabic at home and sent their children to bilingual schools. Some families spoke Greek, Russian and Turkish as well.

Darwish graduated from a prestigious French high school in Cairo, l'École des frères, in 1929 and received his degree in law from the University of Toulouse in 1932. In Toulouse, Darwish was first exposed to Marxist literature and became engaged in the local cell of the French Communist Party.

Career
In 1934, Darwish returned to Egypt and started his career as a labour lawyer and political organizer. Together with two other Egyptian Jewish activists - Ahmad Sadiq Sa'd and Raymond Douek- he cofounded a new secret Egyptian communist organization and a magazine known as Al Fajr Al Jadid () or the New Dawn, that was linked to many trade unions. By the mid-1940s, Darwish had become the legal representer to 67 of Egypt's then 170 labour unions, for which he worked with minimal or no fees.

In 1946, Darwish co- founded the Workers Committee for National Liberation (WCNL), the first formal Marxist organisation in Egypt. WCNL was an anti-imperialistic movement that demanded ending the British occupation of Egypt, liberation of the Egyptian economy from foreign influence, development of the Egyptian economy, nationalization of all monopolies including the nationalization of Suez Canal and other health, educational and political reforms such as voting rights for women and expansion of civil liberties. WCNL later turned to the "Workers and Peasants Communist Party (WPCP)" and then fused with other communist organizations at the time in the "Communist Party of Egypt (CPE)" (), which then split into CPE and HADETU.

In 1958, the former Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser arrested and jailed all known communist activists, including Darwish. He remained in prison for 6 years, during which he was frequently beaten and tortured. After his release, he became a secretary for the International Association of Democratic Lawyers (IADL) . He was rearrested again in 1973 during President Sadat's regime: imprisoned for 3 months for communist agitation, he subsequently left Egypt for 13 years to live in Algeria and Czechoslovakia. After returning to Egypt in 1986, he worked in supporting and advising the Center for trade Union and Workers Services in Helwan. He also helped Ahmed Nabil El-Hilali establish the People’s Socialist Party.

Darwish views on Zionism, Jews in Egypt and Jewish exodus
In 1947 Darwish joined a group called Jews against Zionism. In an interview with Al-Ahram Weekly two years before his death, he told the reporter, "We denounced the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine but the government closed us down while Zionist organisations continued to function freely". In another interview, he stated that there was no discrimination against Jews in Egypt prior to 1948. But as the State of Israel was established, many Egyptian Jews began to worry and the Jewish exodus began. He claimed that "sequestration wasn’t a general rule applied to all Jews, but a measure imposed after 1956 primarily on French and British Jews and those who were suspected of having ties to Israel" and that it wasn't until after the 1967 war that the majority of the 10,000 Jews who had stayed behind began to leave.

Trivia
The Egyptian actress Basma is Youssef Darwish's granddaughter.

See also
Trade Union Committee for Popular Resistance

References

1910 births
2006 deaths
Converts to Islam from Judaism
Egyptian communists
Egyptian Muslims
Lawyers from Cairo
Egyptian people of Jewish descent
Egyptian prisoners and detainees
Egyptian torture victims
Karaite Jews
University of Toulouse alumni
Jewish socialists
Muslim socialists
Anti-Zionist Jews
Jewish anti-Zionism in Egypt
20th-century Egyptian lawyers
Egyptian magazine founders


KXLJ may refer to:

 KXLJ-LD, a defunct television station (channel 24) formerly licensed to serve Juneau, Alaska
 KXXJ, a radio station (1330 AM) licensed to Juneau, Alaska, United States, used the KXLJ calls from 2007 to 2011.


Heres, Herés, or   Hères may refer to:
 Heres (Gozón), one of parishes in the Gozón municipality, Asturias, Spain
 Heres Municipality, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela
 Luis Hernández Heres a Cuban former footballer
 Hères, a commune in Hautes-Pyrénées, France
 Hungarian name for Herendeşti village, Victor Vlad Delamarina, Timiș, Romania


Austin O'Brien (AOB) is a high school located in the Ottewell community of southeast Edmonton. It has about 1000 students.

Namesake
Austin O'Brien was named after Sir Austin O'Brien, the superintendent of Edmonton Catholic Schools from 1924 to 1961.

History
Austin O'Brien was opened in 1963 when Edmonton had 18,000 students in the Catholic system and had 55 schools.

The school's Ukrainian-language program began in 1983, and teaches Ukrainian language arts as well as religious studies.

Notable alumni
 Johnny Boychuk, New York Islanders (NHL)
 Dustin Cherniawski, CFL football player (Saskatchewan Roughriders)
 Don Davies (1981), Member of Parliament for Vancouver Kingsway, B.C.
 Lydia Dotto, science journalist, author and photographer
 Gordon Hinse, CFL player
 Dexter Janke (Calgary Stampeders)
 Pete Lavorato, Edmonton Eskimos football team (CFL)
 Karrick Martin, curler (multiple Brier appearances)
 Pat McCallum, professional curler (WCT)
 Vikki Moss,  singer (left before obtaining diploma)
 Morris Panych, Canadian Playwright

See also
Edmonton Catholic School District

References

High schools in Edmonton
Catholic secondary schools in Alberta
Educational institutions established in 1963
1963 establishments in Alberta
Language schools in Canada
Ukrainian-Canadian culture in Alberta
Spanish language in North America
Multilingualism
French-language education in Canada
Polish-language culture
Ukrainian language
Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in Canada
Eastern Catholic organizations


Viodo (variant: San Bartolomé de Viodo) is one of thirteen parishes (administrative divisions) in the Gozón municipality, within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

References

Parishes in Gozón


"Tougher Than the Rest" is a song by Bruce Springsteen from his 1987 Tunnel of Love album.  It was released as a single in some countries, following "Brilliant Disguise" and the title track, but was not released as a single in the United States. It reached as high as No. 3 on the Swiss charts, and also reached the Top 20 in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Austria. While the song is not one of his most popular ones in the USA, it sold much better in the UK and is one of Springsteen's most beloved songs in Europe.

History

Like much of the Tunnel of Love album, "Tougher Than the Rest" was recorded in Springsteen's home studio, Thrill Hill East, Rumson, New Jersey, between January and May 1987, with several members of the E Street Band. On this song, Springsteen played several instruments and is backed by Danny Federici on organ and Max Weinberg on percussion. Although it was originally written as a rockabilly song, the final version has a slower and more methodical rhythm.

On the Tunnel of Love album, "Tougher Than the Rest" is the second song, following the acoustic "Ain't Got You", and introduces the sound that will permeate the remainder of the album. The synthesizer sound is layered and melodic and the drum sound is moody, heavy and menacing. Springsteen's vocal is also menacing and boastful as he sings the simple but elegant lyrics detailing his infatuation.

Both the singer and the woman he is singing to appear to be on the rebound from prior relationships. The singer recognizes that he is not a "handsome Dan" or a "sweet talking Romeo" and admits that he has "been around a time or two". He is not bothered with the possibility that the woman may have "been around too." Although the singer knows how messy and rough love can be, he claims that he is ready for it, but insists that the woman must also be equally tough and willing to take chances. The song is in some ways reminiscent of Springsteen's earlier song "Thunder Road", in which the singer wants to take the woman away, even though he tells her that "you ain't a beauty but hey you're alright". But unlike the earlier song, in this song the singer's goals are more realistic – rather than looking to run away with the woman, here he just wants to ask the woman to dance.
In the context of this song the phrase, 'There's another dance, all you have to do is say yes,' is an allusion to taking a chance and falling in love.
This is echoed in the song "Girls in their Summer Clothes" which includes the line "Love's a fools' dance, I ain't got no sense, but I've still got my feet."

The music video features live concert footage interspersed with vignettes of couples made at venues on his "Tunnel of Love Express" tour. The video includes both gay and lesbian pairs interspersed with heterosexual couples as representatives of the artist's fans. Springsteen included this explicitly homosexual imagery with neither fanfare nor exploitation. Like several other music videos from the Tunnel of Love album, including "Brilliant Disguise", "Tunnel of Love" and "One Step Up", the video for "Tougher Than The Rest" was directed by Meiert Avis. The video was later released on the VHS and DVD Video Anthology / 1978-88.

Live performance history

"Tougher Than the Rest" has been reasonably popular in live performances.  Next to "Brilliant Disguise", this song is the only other song from the album to receive several appearances live. From the Tunnel of Love Express Tour (where it typically opened the second set) that supported the initial release of the album through July 2005, the song received 98 live performances in concert. A live version of the song, recorded on April 27, 1988 at Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena was released on the EP Chimes of Freedom. That version runs 6:39. This is the version which is displayed in the music video.

Personnel
According to authors Philippe Margotin and Jean-Michel Guesdon:

Bruce Springsteen – vocals, guitars, harmonica, drum machine
Danny Federici – organ
Max Weinberg – snare drum, cymbals, maracas, tambourine

Cover versions
Emmylou Harris recorded the song for her 1990 album Brand New Dance.
A cover by Chris LeDoux peaked at number 67 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in 1995.
Other cover versions have been recorded by Title Tracks, Everything but the Girl, The Mendoza Line, Darren Hayes, Travis Tritt, Shawn Colvin, Angel Olsen and Camera Obscura.
Cher performed the song during her 1990 Heart of Stone Tour and it is included in her Live at the Mirage DVD of that tour.
We Are Augustines also covered the song, on their iTunes Session album.
Midland covered the song as a B-Side to "Burn Out", via Spotify, and regularly perform it in their live shows.
Australian singer Jimmy Barnes covered the song for his 2019 studio album My Criminal Record.
John Mayer performed an acoustic version at his live show in Dublin on 16 October 2019. Mayer said the song was a birthday present to himself as it is one of his "favourite songs in the world".

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

References

1988 singles
Bruce Springsteen songs
Chris LeDoux songs
Songs written by Bruce Springsteen
Music videos directed by Meiert Avis
Columbia Records singles
Song recordings produced by Jon Landau
1987 songs
Song recordings produced by Bruce Springsteen
Song recordings produced by Chuck Plotkin


Trailwalker or Oxfam Trailwalker and the related Trailtrekker are fundraising endurance events conducted across the world by Oxfam, in which teams of four competitors must complete a course of  in a set time limit - typically between 24 and 48 hours.  The routes may be point-to-point or follow a circular route returning to the start.

History
The event was established in 1981 by Brigadier Mervyn Lee in Hong Kong as a training exercise by the Queen's Gurkha Signals, part of the Brigade of Gurkhas of the British Army, which was at the time based in the British colony.  In 1986, teams of civilians were allowed to take part and Oxfam Hong Kong was invited to co-organise the event.

In 1997, with the handover of Hong Kong to China, the Gurkha regiments were relocated to the United Kingdom. The Trailwalker event followed the Gurkhas' relocation and was organised over the South Downs in Sussex, with Oxfam in the UK acting as partner since 2002, alongside the Gurkha Welfare Trust.  Oxfam Hong Kong continued to organise the original event without the Gurkhas and the event has grown with 17 events now taking place across 10 countries worldwide.

In 2017, Ian Crawford of Petersfield, Hampshire, continuing his support of the Gurkha Welfare Trust and aged 74 years old, completed a record 19th UK Trailwalker in a time of 29hrs 34mins.

In late 2022, Oxfam withdrew from organizing Trailwalker UK. It is now solely organized by the Gurkha Welfare Trust in partnership with The Queen's Gurkha Signals.

Events

Common rules
There are some common rules across all the Trailwalker and Trailtrekker events.
 Each team must have four members, who are required to cross all checkpoints and finish line together, although teams may continue with only three members if one has to retire.
 The Trailwalker event course, referred to as 'the trail,' is 100 kilometres long.
 Participants should also organise a support team, plan and start their training schedule at least three months before the event.
 All teams must raise a minimum sponsorship amount. Failure to raise the stated amount could mean teams do not take part in the scheduled event. Teams failing to meet the required amount approx $1600 are given an opportunity in the next years event with no refunds on entry fees and fund already raised. Teams raising over the threshold will take priority in registering for Oxfam Trailwalker next year.

Macau TrailWalker
In mid-2010, Upward Bound Unlimited (UBU), a Macau-based company which organizes sports tourism events in the Pearl River Delta region, and Macau's main English-language daily newspaper, the Macau Daily Times, announced that a cross-country hiking event called "Macau TrailWalker" would be held later in the year with the support of the local Macau authorities. The event was held on 9 October 2010 on the outer island of Coloane and consisted of a 30 km category and a 12 km category.

Prior to the event, Oxfam Hong Kong issued a press release stating among other things that it was not associated with the event or any of its organizers (nor had it been contacted by them), that it did not approve nor endorse the event, that no sponsorship money from the event would be used in any Oxfam aid work, and that it "reserved the right to take appropriate legal action to protect the Trailwalker name".

References

External links
 Oxfam Trailwalker Hong Kong
 Oxfam Trailwalker Japan
 UK Oxfam Trailwalker
 Oxfam Trailwalker Melbourne
 Oxfam Trailwalker Sydney
 Oxfam Trailwalker Brisbane
 New Zealand Oxfam Trailwalker
 Oxfam Trailwalker France
 Oxfam Trailwalker Canada
 Oxfam Novib Trailwalker Netherlands
 Oxfam Trailwalker Germany
 Oxfam Trailwalker Belgium
 Spain - Intermon Oxfam Trailwalker
  Oxfam Trailwalker India

Sports competitions in Hong Kong
Oxfam
Challenge walks


Dante Lamar Cunningham (born April 22, 1987) is an American professional basketball player who is playing for Changwon LG Sakers of the KBL. He played college basketball for Villanova before being selected with the 33rd overall pick in the 2009 NBA draft by the Portland Trail Blazers.

Early life
Cunningham was born in Clinton, Maryland, to Searcy Blankenship and Ron Cunningham. His older sister Davalyn played in the WNBA.

High school career
Cunningham began his prep career at St. John's College High School in Washington, D.C. While a junior, he averaged 10 points per game and 7.4 rebounds. One of his teammates, Dwayne Anderson, would later play at Villanova with Cunningham.

As a senior, Cunningham transferred to Potomac High School, which he led to a 27–0 season under Head Coach Rico Reed. He averaged 13 rebounds, 20 points, and four blocked shots per game at Potomac. He was honored as The Washington PostMetropolitan Player of the Year.

College career

At Villanova  Cunningham played in all 33 games and was a starter in four during his freshman year.

In his senior year, Cunningham would go on to lead the team in scoring with 16.1 points and take home the Big East Most Improved Player award. He led the Wildcats to their first Final Four appearance since 1985. Cunningham was named to the 2008–2009 All Big East second team and the 2009 NCAA Tournament All Region .

Professional career

Portland Trail Blazers (2009–2011)
Cunningham was drafted 33rd overall by the Portland Trail Blazers in the 2009 NBA draft. He played for Portland's Las Vegas Summer League team where he averaged over 18 points and 5 rebounds per game in four contests. On August 21, 2009, Cunningham signed his rookie scale contract with the Trail Blazers.

Charlotte Bobcats (2011)
On February 24, 2011, Cunningham was traded, along with Joel Przybilla, Sean Marks and two future first-round draft picks, to the Charlotte Bobcats in exchange for Gerald Wallace.

Memphis Grizzlies (2011–2012)
On December 20, 2011, Cunningham received a three-year, $7 million offer sheet from the Memphis Grizzlies. The Bobcats declined to match the offer and subsequently signed the contract with the Grizzlies.

Minnesota Timberwolves (2012–2014)

On July 24, 2012, Cunningham was traded to the Minnesota Timberwolves in exchange for Wayne Ellington.

New Orleans Pelicans (2014–2018)
On December 4, 2014, Cunningham signed with the New Orleans Pelicans. On July 9, 2015, he re-signed with the Pelicans. On September 25, 2017, he re-signed with the Pelicans.

Brooklyn Nets (2018)
On February 8, 2018, Cunningham was traded to the Brooklyn Nets in exchange for Rashad Vaughn.

San Antonio Spurs (2018–2019)
On July 20, 2018, Cunningham signed with the San Antonio Spurs.

Fujian Sturgeons (2019–2020)
On December 11, 2019, Cunningham was listed in the squad of Fujian Sturgeons and made his debut for Fujian Sturgeons on the next day, scoring fourteen points and collecting eight rebounds in a 111–107 win over the Beijing Ducks. He averaged 15 points and 7 rebounds per game.

Cangrejeros de Santurce (2021)
On July 7, 2021, Cunningham signed with the Cangrejeros de Santurce of the Baloncesto Superior Nacional. In 10 games, he averaged 11.5 points, 6.1 rebounds, 1.6 steals and 1.1 assists per game.

Le Mans Sarthe Basket (2021–2022)
On August 27, 2021, Cunningham signed with Le Mans Sarthe Basket of the LNB Pro A.

NBA career statistics

Regular season

|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Portland
| 63 || 2 || 11.2 || .495 || – || .646 || 2.5 || .2 || .4 || .4 || 3.9
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Portland
| 56 || 9 || 19.8 || .433 || .000 || .711 || 3.4 || .5 || .7 || .6 || 5.1
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Charlotte
| 22 || 9 || 24.0 || .508 || .111 || .765 || 4.0 || .6 || .7 || .5 || 9.0
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Memphis
| 64 || 5 || 17.6 || .516 || – || .652 || 3.8 || .6 || .7 || .5 || 5.2
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Minnesota
| 80 || 9 || 25.1 || .468 || .000 || .650 || 5.1 || .8 || 1.1 || .5 || 8.7
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Minnesota
| 81 || 7 || 20.2 || .464 || .000 || .567 || 4.1 || 1.0 || .8 || .7 || 6.3
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | New Orleans
| 66 || 27 || 25.0 || .457 || .100 || .617 || 3.9 || .8 || .7 || .6 || 5.2
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | New Orleans
| 80 || 46 || 24.6 || .451 || .316 || .695 || 3.0 || 1.0 || .5 || .4 || 6.1
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | New Orleans
| 66 || 35 || 25.0 || .485 || .392 || .593 || 4.2 || .6 || .6 || .4 || 6.6
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | New Orleans
| 51 || 24 || 21.9 || .440 || .324 || .556 || 3.8 || .5 || .5 || .3 || 5.0
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Brooklyn
| 22 || 1 || 20.3 || .468 || .383 || .688 || 4.8 || 1.0 || .5 || .6 || 7.5
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | San Antonio
| 64 || 21 || 14.5 || .475 || .462 || .778 || 2.9 || .8 || .4 || .2 || 3.0
|-
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
| 715 || 195 || 20.8 || .469 || .345 || .649 || 3.7 || .7 || .6 || .5 || 5.8

Playoffs

|-
| align="left" | 2010
| align="left" | Portland
| 5 || 0 || 8.4 || .600 || .000 || .833 || 2.6 || .0 || 1.0 || .0 || 4.6
|-
| align="left" | 2012
| align="left" | Memphis
| 7 || 0 || 7.0 || .364 || – || – || 1.6 || .0 || .1 || .3 || 1.1
|-
| align="left" | 2015
| align="left" | New Orleans
| 4 || 0 || 18.8 || .818 || – || 1.000 || 4.5 || .5 || .8 || 1.0 || 5.3
|-
| align="left" | 2019
| align="left" | San Antonio
| 5 || 0 || 2.6 || .667 || 1.000 || – || 1.2 || .0 || .0 || .0 || 1.2
|-
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
| 21 || 0 || 8.5 || .600 || .667 || .889 || 2.3 || .1 || .4 || .3 || 2.8

Personal life
On April 3, 2014, Cunningham was arrested for allegedly choking his girlfriend with whom he lived. Three days later, he was arrested on alleged domestic abuse charges. By August 18, 2014, charges were dropped, due to evidence Cunningham's then girlfriend had fabricated her accusations.

Cunningham was included on a preliminary list for Great Britain's Eurobasket 2009 qualifying matches in 2008. However, he was later ruled ineligible to compete for Britain after an investigation by British Basketball officials into his ancestral ties failed to prove his case to receive UK citizenship.

References

External links

1987 births
Living people
21st-century African-American sportspeople
African-American basketball players
American expatriate basketball people in China
American men's basketball players
Brooklyn Nets players
Charlotte Bobcats players
Fujian Sturgeons players
Le Mans Sarthe Basket players
Memphis Grizzlies players
Minnesota Timberwolves players
New Orleans Pelicans players
People from Clinton, Maryland
Basketball players from Prince George's County, Maryland
Portland Trail Blazers draft picks
Portland Trail Blazers players
Power forwards (basketball)
San Antonio Spurs players
Small forwards
Villanova Wildcats men's basketball players
St. John's College High School alumni


Portraits of Duke Ellington is an album by jazz guitarist Joe Pass that was released in 1975. It peaked at number 37 on the Jazz Albums chart. It is a tribute to jazz musician Duke Ellington and was recorded shortly after his death.

Reception

Writing for Allmusic, music critic Scott Yanow wrote of the album "The interplay between the three musicians is quite impressive, and Pass' mastery of the guitar is obvious (he didn't really need the other sidemen). Recommended."

Track listing
All songs composed by Duke Ellington, lyricists indicated.
 "Satin Doll" (Johnny Mercer, Billy Strayhorn) – 5:46
 "I Let a Song Go Out of My Heart" (Irving Mills, Henry Nemo, John Redmond) – 5:32
 "Sophisticated Lady" (Mills, Mitchell Parish) – 3:40
 "I Got It Bad (and That Ain't Good)" (Paul Francis Webster) – 3:41
 "In a Mellow Tone" (Milt Gabler) – 6:20
 "Solitude" (Mills, Eddie DeLange) – 5:06
 "Don't Get Around Much Anymore" (Bob Russell) – 6:31
 "Do Nothing till You Hear from Me" (Russell) – 5:53
 "Caravan" (Mills, Tizol) – 6:10

Personnel
Joe Pass – guitar
Ray Brown – double bass
Bobby Durham – drums

Chart positions

References

External links
Jazzdisco.org

Joe Pass albums
1974 albums
Duke Ellington tribute albums
Albums produced by Norman Granz
Pablo Records albums


Adam Hills (10 August 1880 – June 1941) was a Labour Party politician in England.

Hills was active in the National Union of Railwaymen, and also the Labour Party, for which he was elected to Newcastle City Council in 1934.  He was Member of Parliament (MP) for Pontefract from 1935 until his death in 1941 aged 60.

References

External links

1880 births
1941 deaths
Councillors in Newcastle upon Tyne
Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
National Union of Railwaymen-sponsored MPs
UK MPs 1935–1945


Rakas v. Illinois, 439 U.S. 128 (1978), was a decision by the United States Supreme Court, in which the Court held that the "legitimately on the property" requirement of Jones v. United States, for challenging the legality of a police search, was too broad. The majority opinion by then-Associate Justice Rehnquist held that a defendant needs to show a "legitimate" expectation of privacy in the place searched in order to be eligible to challenge the search. For example, an overnight guest in a friend's apartment has such "standing".

In the case at issue, the Court ruled that vehicular passengers in a car they did not own had no such legitimate expectation.

Subsequent History
In Rawlings v. Kentucky (1980), the Court ruled that the test enunciated in Rakas—whether the petitioner had a reasonable expectation of privacy in the area searched—is the exclusive test for determining whether a defendant has standing to challenge a search.

External links

United States Fourth Amendment case law
United States Supreme Court cases
United States Supreme Court cases of the Burger Court
1978 in United States case law


Natalie Rachel Dreyfuss is an American actress, who has had guest-starring roles on shows such as Burn Notice and The Shield. She also had a recurring role on the television series Rita Rocks, The Secret Life of the American Teenager, and The Flash.

Early life
Dreyfuss is the daughter of Kathy Kann, who works in Hollywood in wardrobe, and actor Lorin Dreyfuss, as well as the niece of actor Richard Dreyfuss and the cousin of actor Ben Dreyfuss. Her father's family is Jewish.

Filmography

References

External links

20th-century American actresses
21st-century American actresses
American child actresses
American film actresses
American television actresses
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
American people of Jewish descent
American Ashkenazi Jews
Year of birth missing (living people)


James Edward Rhodes (born 6 March 1975) is a British-Spanish concert pianist and writer, and an activist for the protection of minors against sexual abuse in Spain.

Early life
James Edward Rhodes was born into a middle class Jewish family in St John's Wood, North London. He was educated at Arnold House School, a local all-boys private preparatory school. There, he experienced sexual abuse by his PE teacher, who died before he could appear in court. Rhodes suffered mentally as well as physically, including spinal damage, eating disorders and PTSD.

Aged 7, he found a cassette tape of Bach-Busoni Chaccone in his father's music collection. "Above all, it made him feel like even if it seemed as if the world really was a hostile and appalling place, it couldn’t be that bad because something this beautiful existed in it." He started to take piano lessons at the age of 14, but did not progress formally beyond Grade 3. First moving to a local boarding school, he was educated at Harrow School, where he studied under piano teacher Colin Stone. It was during this period that he entered the BBC Young Musician of the Year competition, but failed to make it past the second round.

In 1993, he was offered a scholarship to the Guildhall School of Music and Drama, but his parents insisted that he attend a “proper university”. At the age of 18, Rhodes would quit playing piano for 10 years.

Career
A fan of the Russian pianist Grigory Sokolov, Rhodes wrote to Sokolov's agent Franco Panozzo in Italy, with the idea that Rhodes would become a music agent himself. Panozzo responded, and after Rhodes sent him a bottle of Champagne Krug, the pair arranged to meet in Italy. After hearing Rhodes play one of Frédéric Chopin's études, Panozzo arranged for Rhodes to study under the renowned piano teacher Edoardo Strabbioli in Verona, Italy for three to four years. However, after a period Rhodes was institutionalised.

In March 2010, Rhodes became the first core classical pianist to be signed with the world's largest rock label Warner Bros. Records. In 2011, Rhodes became a regular culture blogger for The Telegraph, and had popular articles in The Guardian Music Blog in 2013. Returning to his original label Signum Classics, Rhodes released his 4th album JIMMY: James Rhodes recorded live at The Old Market Brighton in May 2012. He has since released three more albums.  In 2015 Rhodes's autobiography, Instrumental: A Memoir of Madness, Medication and Music, was blocked from publication by a temporary court injunction prompted by his former wife. She said that publishing the book, which includes details of sexual abuse as a child, would psychologically harm their child. In May 2015, the Supreme Court decided in Rhodes v OPO that the book qualifies for free speech protection and lifted the interim injunction.

He has published three more books since then: How to Play the Piano in 2016 and Fire on all Sides in January 2018. Followed by 'James Rhodes' Playlist: The Rebels and Revolutionaries of Sound', in October 2019.

Concerts
Rhodes's first public recital was at Steinway Hall in London, on 7 November 2008. His second recital was at the Hinde Street Methodist Centre, London, on 4 December 2008. He performed his first full scale concert at the Queen Elizabeth Hall, Southbank Centre, in London on 6 February 2009. In May 2009, Rhodes performed a solo concert at The Roundhouse in Camden, the first classical musician to give a solo recital since the reopening. Rhodes has also played Proud Galleries in Camden; 100 Club in Soho; Tabernacle, Notting Hill and the nominations launch for the Classical BRIT Awards 2009 WITH NS&I. In March 2010, Rhodes performed at the Holders Season 2010 in Barbados. In Summer 2010 he was the first solo classical pianist to play the Latitude Festival sharing stages with acts such as Florence + the Machine and The National.

In September 2011 he performed alongside Stephen Fry in A Classical Affair at the Barbican Centre. In October 2011 James performed an 11-date tour in Australia including three performances at the Melbourne Festival. Rhodes had his US debut in September 2012 at the International Beethoven Festival in Chicago. In 2013, James performed in Hong Kong, Vienna, the Barber Institute in Birmingham, the Royal Albert Hall, the Cheltenham Music Festival, the Waterfront stage at Latitude Festival and a series of concerts at Soho Theatre in London. A live in-concert DVD, Love in London, was recorded at the Arts Theatre in London's West End in 2014. That year he also performed at Hay Festival, Harrogate International Festivals, Canterbury Festival, London Ambassadors Theatre, St George's Hall in Bristol, Watford Colosseum, Leeds Town Hall, Manchester RNCM and had two runs at Soho Theatre.
He has performed in some of the world's greatest concert halls, selling out the Elbphilharmonie twice, the Palau de la Música Catalana, the Teatro Real, both the Palau and the Belles Artes Valencia, and halls in Argentina, Colombia, America, Europe and Mexico.
2019 saw him touring throughout Germany, including the Berlin Philharmonie and an extensive tour of Spain.

Television
In 2009 Rhodes completed filming a BBC Four music documentary, Chopin - The Women Behind The Music, to celebrate Frédéric Chopin's 200th anniversary and his relationship with the opera singer Jenny Lind. This documentary was broadcast in October 2010.  Rhodes filmed a seven-episode series called James Rhodes: Piano Man.

In July 2013, he presented Notes from the Inside, with James Rhodes on Channel 4 as part of their Mad4Music season of programmes, in which each episode featured musicians from across the musical spectrum giving an alternative take on music and what it means to them and others around them; for example the second episode featured Björk being interviewed by Sir David Attenborough. During his episode, he both gave some insights into his personal life and played piano to four individual patients, all dealing with their own mental health issues, inside their psychiatric hospital by selecting a piece for each of them to match their personalities and individual circumstances,

Rhodes filmed a two-part campaigning series called Don't Stop the Music (working title The Great Instrument Amnesty) that was aired on Channel 4 in September 2014, with the aim of improving music education across the UK. The multiplatform project included an instrument amnesty which collected over 7,000 instruments (worth over £1.5M) to redistribute to 150 UK primary schools, benefiting 10,000 students a year.

Personal life
Rhodes currently lives in Madrid, Spain, where he has campaigned to update Spanish laws regarding child sexual abuse. In December 2020, the Spanish Council of Ministers granted him Spanish citizenship.

In 2001, Rhodes married novelist Kathleen Tessaro; Rhodes married his second wife, Hattie Chamberlin, in 2014. He married his third wife, Micaela Breque, in 2021. He has a son from his first marriage.

Rhodes is a close friend of actor Benedict Cumberbatch, who attended Harrow School at the same time as he did.

Discography
Albums
Razor Blades, Little Pills and Big Pianos (Feb 2009), Signum Records
Now Would All Freudians Please Stand Aside (Mar 2010), Signum Records
Bullets and Lullabies (Dec 2010), Warner Music Cover art by Dave Brown, Bollo from The Mighty Boosh
JIMMY: James Rhodes Live in Brighton (May 2012), Signum Records
5 (Jun 2014), Instrumental Records
Inside Tracks - the mix tape (Oct 2015), Instrumental Records
Fire on All Sides (Nov 2017), Instrumental Records
 Vitamin C (Mar 2023), Instrumental Records

References

External links
 – official site
 – official site
James Rhodes official Telegraph Blog
 Don't Stop the Music, music education initiative with Channel 4

1975 births
Living people
21st-century British male musicians
21st-century classical pianists
21st-century English musicians
Alumni of University College London
British male pianists
English autobiographers
English classical pianists
English Jews
Jewish classical pianists
Jewish English musicians
Male classical pianists
Musicians from London
People educated at Harrow School
People with bipolar disorder


"Adalida" is a song recorded by American country music artist George Strait. It was released in March 1995 as the third single from his album Lead On.  It peaked at number 3 in the United States, and number 2 in Canada.  It was written by Mike Geiger, Woody Mullis and Michael Huffman.

Content
The song is an uptempo, in which the narrator refers to a "Cajun queen" named Adalida.
It was inspired by a young lady George Strait met in his hometown, named Ida. He was about to sing at the strawberry festival in Poteet, when he ran into her.

Critical reception
Deborah Evans Price, of Billboard magazine reviewed the song favorably, calling it a "zydeco-spiced single." She goes on to say that in the hands of a lesser singer, "a song like this would have been difficult to stretch." Alanna Nash of Entertainment Weekly was less favorable, saying that it "fails to challenge him in even the slightest way".

Chart positions
"Adalida" debuted at number 72 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of March 25, 1995.

Year-end charts

Cover Versions
 In October 2012, Tim Armstrong recorded a version as a part of his Tim Timebomb and Friends project

References

1994 songs
1995 singles
George Strait songs
Song recordings produced by Tony Brown (record producer)
Songs written by Mike Geiger
Songs written by Woody Mullis
MCA Records singles


Serbian whist is a variant of whist. It is popular in Serbia, and there it is simply called "whist" (Serbian Latin: vist).

Rules
Serbian whist is a game for 4 players (but rules can be modified for 5 or 6). Each player plays alone.

From a standard deck use 13 cards for every player, in the first hand. Every hand after first, one card less is dealt, until only one card is dealt. Then for the next 4 hands (in the case of 4 player game), including the first one, only 1 card is dealt so every player gets a chance to be a dealer.

After those 4 hands, number of cards dealt starts to rise again by one card each hand until it hits 13 again, after which the game ends.

Each hand different suit acts as a trump. On the first hand, Spades are the trump suit, then Diamonds, then Hearts and lastly - Clubs.
Consequent hand is called 'Sans', and on that hand there are no trumps. Trump suit sequence continues until the end of the game.

(Spades - Diamonds - Hearts - Clubs - Sans)

The cards rank as follows: A, K, Q, J, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2. They have no value, because it is a game for tricks only.

Deal
The first dealer is chosen at random. Then the turn to deal rotates counter-clockwise after each hand. First player in each hand is the player sitting to the right of the dealer.

Bidding
Each player in order, beginning with the player to dealer's right, bids how many tricks they think they will take. All bids are final and cannot be changed afterward.

To ensure that not everyone will succeed in their bid, the sum of all tricks bid must not be the same as the number of cards dealt to each player. (Example: hand with six cards, four players: The first player bids "2", second "0" and third "1". The last player cannot bid "3", as this would make the sum of the tricks equal to 6. in this case, the last bidder must bid 0, 1, 2, 4, 5 or 6).

This rule puts the last bidder (the dealer) at a disadvantage, especially in the one-card hands. To counter this disadvantage, a series of one-card hands, equal to the number of players, is played.

Play
The player to dealer's right plays the first card. The other players must play a card of the same suit if possible. Any player who has no card of the suit led must play a trump if they can. A player who has no cards of the suit led and no trumps can discard any card. The trick is won by whoever played the highest trump, or if no trump was played, by whoever played the highest card of the suit led. The winner of the trick leads to the next.

The objective is to win exactly the number of tricks you said you would win.

Scoring
The hand ends when all cards are played.

Players who made their contract (exactly) get 10 points plus the number of tricks they made.
Players who took fewer tricks than their bid get one point for each trick. (Alternative, harsher rule: They lose 10 points on top of the points they gained through tricks, e.g. You bid 3, get only 2 so you lose 8 points (2-10=8))
Players who took more tricks than their bid also get one point for each trick.
Players who took no tricks and who bid more than 0, lose 10 points.

Examples: Suppose you bid 2 tricks. If you take exactly 2 you will win 12 points (2+10). If you take only one trick you get 1 point; If you take no trick you lose 10 points.
The table for recording the points looks like this:

             Igor       Jovana      Dunja    Dušan
  -------------------------------------------------
    13 2     2  12      4   14      2   1    6  16
    12 3     1  14      3   27      5   5    4  19

and so on.

The number of cards dealt in each hand is recorded in the first column on the left along with trump suit. Subsequent columns are used to record the bids and the cumulative score of each player.

On the first hand, 13 cards are dealt, spades (2) were trump and Igor bid 2 tricks and made it (2+10=12 points), Jovana bid 4 tricks and succeeded (4+10=14 points), Dunja bid "1" and didn't make it (1 point) and Dušan bid hefty 6 tricks, but made it.

Alternative Scoring

Seeing that Serbian whist has many similarities with Oh, hell, the scoring alternatives are the same.

 Exact scoring: A player who makes the exact number of tricks bid scores 10 plus the amount bid. Players who overbid or underbid score nothing.
 Exact scoring with penalty: A player who makes the exact number of tricks bid scores 10 plus the amount bid. Players who underbid are deducted points in the amount of the bid. (Missing a 3 bid scores -3; missing a zero bid scores 0.) Used in the Hassenpfeffer variant.
 10 times exact scoring: Similar to Exact scoring, with or without penalty, but each trick bid is worth 10 points; a player who bids 4 is awarded 40 points for exactly making the bid and scores either zero or -40 if he does not make the contract.
 Penalty under, Zero Over: A variation of exact scoring that combines variants with and without penalties; overtricking scores zero points while undertricking results in a penalty according to the specific exact scoring variant used. This promotes "sacrificing" one's own contract by severely overtricking in order to "set" someone else.
 Exact scoring with penalty where points are multiples of 5: A player who makes the exact number of tricks bid scores 10 plus the amount bid multiplied by 5. Players who underbid are deducted points in the amount of the bid multiplied by 5. (Missing a 3 bid scores (3*(-5))=-15; missing a zero bid scores -10. Making a 5 scores (10+5*5)=35) Used in the Cypriot variant. This variant encourages high bidding due to the number of possible points to gain.
 Exact scoring with set penalty:  A player who makes the exact number of tricks bid scores 10 plus the amount bid.  Players who underbid score only one point for each trick.  Players who overbid have "gone set" and lose 10 points, regardless of the number of tricks taken.  For example, if a player who has bid four takes exactly 4 tricks, he scores 14.  If he takes 5 tricks, he scores 5.  If he takes 3 tricks, he scores -10.
 Exact scoring with progressive penalty: A player who makes the exact number of tricks bid scores 10 plus the amount bid. Players who underbid or overbid lose the amount of the bid, plus ten points for each trick under or overbid. For example, a player bids 4: If he takes exactly 4 tricks, he scores 14. If he takes 3 or 5 tricks, he scores -14. If he takes 2 or 6 tricks, he scores -24. This variation makes it easier to "pile on the leader" and eliminate even a large lead in just one hand.
 Reduced 0 bid: Similar to basic (or exact) scoring, with the modification that making a zero contract scores only five points. (Zero bids are often the easiest to make.)
 Adjusted 0 bid: Similar to basic scoring, with the change that a zero bid is worth five plus the number of cards dealt out to a player. For example, in the first round, a successful zero bid is worth 6 points, while a successful one bid is worth 11 points. (Zero bids are harder to make in larger hands.)
 Progressive scoring: As in basic scoring, a player that fails to make the contract receives a number of points equal to the number of tricks he takes. However, a successful bid is worth the 10-point threshold plus the square of the bid, thereby rewarding a person bidding and making four tricks with 26 (10 plus 16) points. This has the advantage of rewarding riskier bids, and making it possible for someone to catch up from behind more easily.
 Simplified / Montreal progressive scoring: Each player receives 10 points for satisfying the contract plus twice the number of tricks taken, otherwise they receive zero points.
 Negative scoring: The scoring system is reversed, as in golf, lowest score winning. Satisfying the contract scores zero points. The first undertrick or overtrick costs one point, and each additional undertrick/overtrick costs a point more than the one before it. For instance, 3 overtricks would add 6 points (the sum of 1, 2, and 3) to a player's total. This rewards sacrifices, for it is now often beneficial to risk an overtrick (1 point) to cost a person that is already down to get an additional undertrick (which will cost many more points).
 Simplified negative scoring: Each player scores the square of the number of overtricks or undertricks taken.
 Variant negative scoring: Each player who fails to satisfy the contract scores points according to the number of total tricks in that round (e.g., in a round where there were five total tricks, every unsuccessful player scores 5).
 Spades double: In variations where the trump card is chosen randomly, some play that if a spade is turned up, the points for that round double.
 Trick scoring: Each player that scores the number of tricks bid receives that many points, with the exception of correctly bidding 0, in which case the player receives a half point.  Any overbid or underbid loses the number of points their bid was off (a player bidding 3 tricks that wins only 2 would lose a point, as would a player bidding 2 and winning 3).
 Binary scoring:: A player who makes the exact number of tricks bid scores 10.  Players who overbid or underbid score nothing.
 Binary scoring with nil rule:: A player who makes the exact number of tricks bid scores 10. If the number of tricks exceeds the number of players, players who bid nil (zero) score 20 if they take no tricks, otherwise -10.
 Scratch / Quick scoring:: Players who overbid or underbid get a scratch (signified by crossing through their unsuccessful bid). The person with the least scratches wins the game. In the unusual event there is a tie, the tied player who bid the most wins the game (This is done by adding up each tied-player's successful bids.)
 Adjusted exact scoring: A player who makes the exact number of tricks receives that number of points plus the number of cards dealt out to a player.
 Get Fred / Oy Vey scoring: A player who makes the exact number of tricks receives that number of points plus 10.  Players who miss the contract loses the difference between the bid and the actual number of tricks taken.  A player who bids three and takes either two or four tricks will lose one point. (In the Oy Vey variance, if many player are playing, often a successful bid is worth the 10-point threshold plus the square of the bid. This lifts the scores in the game, as the more players participate the lower the scores are.)

References
  Igra kartama 2, Dušan Žutinić, Laguna, Belgrade, 2005

Serbian card games
Whist group
French deck card games


Betty Redmond Wagner Spandikow (September 27, 1923 – October 26, 2008) was a founder of the La Leche League International. She was a co-author of The Womanly Art of Breastfeeding, which has been translated into eight languages and Braille.

She was born in 1923 to a Roman Catholic family and raised in the Chicago area. She worked in accounting before starting her family.

The group had been fascinated by the importance placed on breastfeeding by early Spanish settlers in what is now the United States, who in 1598, dedicated a shrine to "Nuestra Senora de la Leche y Buen Parto" ("Our Lady of Happy Delivery and Plentiful Milk").

La Leche League International (LLLI), a breastfeeding support not-for-profit organization, now has groups in every U.S. state and in 64 nations. Spandikow was a member of the Board of Directors for the League, and at various times served as Treasurer, Business Manager, and Executive Director, a title she held for 19 years until she retired at the age of 70. She initiated "flex hours" and a family-friendly workplace in the 1960s.

The business hours at La Leche League International were flexible to facilitate new mothers spending more after-school time with their children.

Family
Her first husband, Robert Wagner, by whom she had seven children, died in 1975. She married secondly, to Paul Spandikow.

Death
Betty Wagner Spandikow had suffered a stroke and been dealing with Alzheimer's disease at the time of her death at the age of 85 on October 26, 2008.

References

External links
Obituary
Tribute

1923 births
2008 deaths
American activists
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Neurological disease deaths in the United States
Writers from Chicago
People from Glen Ellyn, Illinois


The table below shows all known compositions by Edward Elgar.

Compositions
Works are shown in opus number order (Opp. 1–90), followed by those without opus number, in date order (1867–1933). The list includes incomplete and unpublished works.

Notes

References

External links

Elgar


Ross Oscar Charles Bohlin is a former Australian politician. He was a Country Liberal Party member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly, and held his seat of Drysdale from his defeat of sitting Labor member Chris Natt at the 2008 election until 2012.

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Bohlin was born in Adelaide, South Australia, and served in the Australian Army. He moved to the Northern Territory in the 1990s, and joined the Northern Territory Police in 1998.

Ross was not re-endorsed by his own party to stand in the 2012 Northern Territory general election. This has been gossip within the CLP since May 2011, after he angered several of his colleagues by publicly supporting the distribution of condoms at a Darwin music festival. Nonetheless, he was surprised when he lost his preselection.  CLP Party President Sue Fraser-Adams, was quoted in a newspaper article that "politics doesn't suit him, it's a lot harder than it looks"  she went on to say that it was a safe seat for the party. Bohlin announced that he would run as an independent candidate in July.

References

Living people
Members of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
Country Liberal Party members of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
Australian police officers
Politicians from Adelaide
Year of birth missing (living people)
Independent members of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
21st-century Australian politicians


Juan Carlos González Leiva is a blind lawyer and human rights activist in Cuba. He created the Fraternity of the Independent Blind of Cuba and the Cuban Foundation of Human Rights.

He has accused the government of harassing and torturing him.

See also
 Chen Guangcheng, another blind activist, in the communist People's Republic of China.
 Human rights in Cuba
 Cuban dissident movement

References

Living people
21st-century Cuban lawyers
Cuban human rights activists
Cuban people with disabilities
Cuban dissidents
Blind activists
Torture in Cuba
Year of birth missing (living people)
Blind lawyers


Ambás is one of 28 parishes (administrative divisions) in the municipality of Grado, within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

The population is 46 (INE 2008).

Villages and hamlets
Ambás
Cubia
Tablao

References

Parishes in Grado


Christopher Bruce Burns (born 12 August 1949) is a former Australian politician. He was a Labor member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly. He had held his seat of Johnston since its creation at the 2001 election on 18 August 2001. He became a Minister in November 2002 and held a number of portfolios. From September 2010, he was Minister for Education and Training, Minister for Public and Affordable Housing, and Minister for Public Employment. Burns was also Leader of Government Business in the Legislative Assembly.

|}

Burns retired at the 2012 NT general election on 25 August 2012.

He is married with three children.

References

|-

1949 births
Living people
Members of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
Australian Labor Party members of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
Attorneys-General of the Northern Territory
21st-century Australian politicians


The San Francisco and Alameda Railroad (SF&A) was a short-lived railroad company in the East Bay area of the San Francisco Bay Area. The railroad line opened 1864–1865 from Alameda Terminal on Alameda Island to Hayward, California, with ferry service between Alameda Terminal and San Francisco started in 1864. After being bankrupted by the 1868 Hayward earthquake, it was acquired by a subsidiary of the Central Pacific Railroad in August 1869. Part of the SF&A line between Alameda Terminal and San Leandro served as a portion of the First transcontinental railroad starting in September 1869 (though most was replaced by the San Francisco and Oakland Railroad by November 1869), while the southern section was abandoned in 1873.

The remaining part of the line became part of the Southern Pacific Railroad. From 1911 to 1941, the section on Alameda was used for electrified commuter service. Freight service on Alameda lasted until 1960. The middle section of the SF&A line between Fruitvale and San Leandro is still in service as part of the Union Pacific Railroad Niles Subdivision. It is used by Amtrak Capitol Corridor and Coast Starlight passenger trains and Union Pacific freight trains.

History
In 1863 A. A. Cohen, a prominent San Francisco attorney, together with Charles Minturn, an operator of river steamboats and bay ferries, E. B. Mastick, a prominent Alameda landowner, and others incorporated the San Francisco and Alameda Railroad to provide passenger and freight ferry-train service to Alameda, San Leandro, Hayward (then called Haywards) and perhaps farther.

Construction

System construction began in 1864 on a wharf and railroad station (Alameda Terminal) at the foot of Pacific Avenue in Alameda and a railroad from there along Pacific Ave. to 4th St., private right-of-way to 5th St., Linnet St. (later Railroad Ave., then Lincoln Ave.) to Alameda station at Park St. with a few intermediate stations including Mastick, east of 8th St., and Encinal, east of Grand St., named after the neighborhood, but also known as Fasskings after the nearby entertainment pavilion. Service began later that year.

Construction continued via private right-of-way between the Oakland Estuary and San Leandro Bay, (Alameda was then a peninsula rather than an island) to stations named Fruit Vale (later renamed Fernside) at Fernside Blvd. and Pearl St. near the present Fruitvale Bridge, to Simpson's (later renamed Melrose) near the present 48th Ave. and then, turning southeastward, to Fitch's (later named Fitchburg) near the present 77th Ave., to Jones (later Elmhurst) near the present 98th Ave. to the Bay side of San Leandro near Davis St.

At San Leandro, the track turned sharply left (heading east) there onto Ward (now West Estudillo) St. to the SF&A San Leandro station at the intersection with the county road (now East 14th St). The track then turned sharply to the right to follow the county road southward (now East 14th St. in San Leandro, and Mission Blvd. in Hayward). Near Hayward, the track angled to the right on private right-of-way to A St. and Watkins St., following Watkins St. to D St. where a station was built. Service to Hayward started in 1865. There were five trips daily, linking Hayward to San Francisco, and made commuting for Hayward area residents a viable option for the first time.  But with only 30 homes in Hayward at that time, it was not profitable.

Mergers and acquisitions
In 1865, Cohen gained control of the overextended San Francisco and Oakland Railroad. After Central Pacific Railroad decided to make Oakland the western terminus of the First transcontinental railroad in April 1868, its subsidiary purchased the majority of stock in SF&O from Cohen in August 1868. After the October 1868 Hayward earthquake bankrupted SF&A, the CP subsidiary purchased also the majority of stock in SF&A while retaining Cohen on the CP payroll as a lawyer.

By 1866 the Western Pacific Railroad had built a line from San Jose northwest to Vallejo Mills (mouth of Niles Canyon, later Niles and now part of Fremont) and had laid out the rest of the line through the canyon, through Livermore Valley, over Altamont Pass, and on to Stockton and Sacramento, before running out of money. A Central Pacific subsidiary then took control of the Western Pacific, finished building the line, and added a line northwest from Niles toward Oakland. It was determined that the SF&A track north of Hayward with its sharp turns on Ward St. in San Leandro was unsuitable for main-line trains. Thus the Western Pacific connection was made on the Bay side (west of Alvarado and Davis Sts) of San Leandro, establishing a new San Leandro station there and providing a through route to Alameda Pier.  On September 6, 1869, the first transcontinental train to the Bay Area ran through Alameda to Alameda Terminal, where the passengers boarded the ferryboat Alameda to San Francisco. A California Historical Landmark plaque (no. 440) commemorates this event.  Construction was then started on the connection from Simpson's to the SF&O in San Antonio.  When the connection to the SF&O was completed in November, the transcontinental trains operated to Oakland Pier instead. Alameda then went back to local train service only.

In June 1870 the SF&O and SF&A were merged to form the San Francisco, Oakland and Alameda Railroad, which existed for two months before it was brought back into the Central Pacific Railroad.

In 1873 the Central Pacific Railroad made some economy cutbacks.  The Alameda train service now used new track north from Fernside station alongside Fruitvale Avenue to a new Fruitvale station at the junction with the CPRR main line from Oakland south and terminated there. The former SF&A line from San Leandro to Hayward was abandoned, despite the protests from these towns. Track was laid north from Mastick station to a bridge being built across the Oakland Estuary to connect with Alice St. with the tracks continuing along this street to 7th St. so that Alameda trains could continue to Oakland Pier. Alameda Pier (at Pacific Ave.) was no longer used.

In 1887, the Central Pacific Railroad was leased to the Southern Pacific Railroad. In 1898 the Alice St. bridge and tracks to 7th St. in Oakland were replaced by a bridge to Harrison St. with a track connection to the 1st St. line to Oakland Pier. In 1903 the Oakland Tidal Canal was finished, linking the Oakland Estuary with San Leandro Bay, making Alameda into an island, and requiring the construction of the Fruitvale Bridge. In 1906, some Alameda trains started using the newer Alameda Pier, originally built by the South Pacific Coast Railroad, located on the south shore of the Oakland Estuary at the far western end of Alameda.

Later years
In 1911 the Southern Pacific Railroad electrified most of its local lines in the East Bay. The electrified Alameda line, now called the Lincoln Ave. line, went from Alameda Pier via private right of way to Main St, to the original Pacific Ave. tracks, then to Alameda and Fernside stations, and then to a new loop around the eastern end of Alameda to connect with the Encinal Ave. line, originally built by the South Pacific Coast Railroad.

In 1939, Alameda Pier was abandoned and the Lincoln Ave. line continued beyond Alameda station across the Fruitvale Bridge to a connection with the 7th St. line at the later Fruitvale station. The trains then followed the 7th St. line through Oakland and across the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge to the San Francisco Transbay Terminal. This was an indirect route for passengers from western Alameda. Passenger service was abandoned in January, 1941, and replaced by Key System buses using a shorter route via a tunnel (Posey Tube), aligned with Harrison St. in Oakland, but freight service continued over most of the route. The last passenger train on this line was an excursion train, pulled by a steam engine, for the Bay Area Electric Railroad Association in April, 1954. Freight service ended in 1960 and the tracks were removed.

Ferryboats

The first ferryboat used by the SF&A was a river packet named Sophie MacLane, leased from Charles Minturn's company. It soon proved to be too small, so it was returned to Sacramento River service and Minturn moved the Contra Costa, a ferryboat built for service from San Francisco to the foot of Broadway in Oakland, over to the SF&A route. As business built up, even the Contra Costa became inadequate, so the SF&A had a new ferryboat built. It was completed in January 1866, was named Alameda, and was the first double-ended ferryboat on the Bay. After the SF&A was taken over by the Central Pacific Railroad, the Alameda was placed in the pool of CP ferryboats and served in various locations.

Locomotives

The initial order for locomotives was for two of the 2-2-0 type. They arrived in 1864 and one was named E. B. Mastick and the other was sold to a Southern California railroad. Soon after service was started, it was realized that a more powerful locomotive was needed, so the J. C. Kellogg, a 4-4-0 type, was built by the SF&A. In 1868 another 4-4-0 locomotive was ordered and delivered. It was named the F. D. Atherton and was heavily damaged in the wreck at Simpson's the following year, but was rebuilt. When the Central Pacific Railroad took over the SF&A, other locomotives were brought in and the three SF&A locomotives were sent elsewhere on the CP system.

Wreck

On November 14, 1869, the first major railroad accident in California occurred east of Simpson's. The morning eastbound transcontinental train left Oakland Pier, but was delayed. The morning inbound SF&A local left Hayward, but was delayed also. They were scheduled to pass at Simpson's, which was in a heavy fog area that morning. The transcontinental train arrived at Simpson's first and had a confused exchange with the switchman. Assuming that the local had already passed, the transcontinental train proceeded east in the fog at speed and collided with the local train. Among the 15 killed were 4 from the engine crews, and 21 passengers were injured, some seriously. Both locomotives were heavily damaged, but were rebuilt. Several passenger cars were destroyed. An inquest was held which found the switchman to be negligent. He was tried for manslaughter, but found not guilty. A second track was soon built between Simpson's and San Leandro.

See also
 San Francisco and Oakland Railroad
 San Francisco and San Jose Railroad

Notes

References

Defunct California railroads
Passenger rail transportation in California
Predecessors of the Southern Pacific Transportation Company
Public transportation in Alameda County, California
Rail transportation in Oakland, California
History of Oakland, California
First transcontinental railroad


Allan Golston is the president of the United States Program at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. He leads the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's five areas of strategy, policy and advocacy, and operations of a $600 million domestic program with $3.8 billion portfolio under management:  K-12 Education, Post-Secondary Education, Technology Access, Special Initiatives, and Family Homelessness, Early Childhood Learning, and Community Grants in Washington State.

Biography
Upon completion of his college degree (BS in accounting, University of Colorado Denver), Golston joined the firm KPMG Peat Marwick as a senior auditor. He later moved on to MIS, Inc., as Director of Business Analysis and Product Development, where he was responsible for designing and implementing accounting software systems for the insurance and banking industries.

In 1993, Golston returned to his alma mater, joining the University of Colorado Hospital as its director of finance and controller. In this position, Golston managed the whole of hospital finance, including accounting, risk management, compliance, debt, and some $400 million in hospital investments.

After four years at the university's hospital, Golston accepted a position with Seattle's Swedish Medical Center, acting as the hospital's Director of Finance. In addition to the daily financial operations surrounding performance, accounting and reporting, tax compliance, and risk management, Golston also managed hospital investments worth approximately $500 million.

Three years later, Golston was approached by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and asked to join the organization as chief financial officer. Because of the foundation's unique executive structure, when Golston accepted the CFO role he also took on chief administrative officer duties. In this doubled capacity, Golston managed accounting, taxes, and financial planning and analysis, while simultaneously leading the foundation's work in human resources, information technology, and operations. For nine months in 2006, Golston was the interim executive director of the foundation's Global Health division.

In October 2006, Golston was offered the role of president of the foundation's U.S. Program.

In December 2010, Golston was appointed to the board of directors for Stryker Corporation. He became lead director in 2016.

In addition to his work at the foundation, Golston also sits on a number of boards (University of Washington Medicine, Seattle University, Charter School Growth Fund, MOM Brands). Golston is a lifetime member of the British-American Project and has previously been an active board member for Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI), New Futures, Make-A-Wish Foundation of Alaska and Washington, Philanthropy Northwest, and the Public Library of Science. Golston is a resource council member for both the Rainier Scholars program and the Robert Woods Johnson Commission to Build a Healthier America, on the advisory committee for the Northwest African American Museum in Seattle, and is on the Resource Council for the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington DC. Golston is also actively involved in the HOPE Street Bipartisan Commission and the INROADS Alumni Association. He is a member of the 2009 class of Henry Crown Fellows at the Aspen Institute.

See also
 Strong American Schools
 Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

References

External links
 Profile on Gatesfoundation.org, https://web.archive.org/web/20090314061320/http://www.gatesfoundation.org/leadership/Pages/allan-golston.aspx
 Answers.com Bio http://www.answers.com/topic/allan-c-golston

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Leaders of organizations
American business executives
University of Colorado Denver alumni
Henry Crown Fellows


Peter Glen Chandler (born 18 July 1965) is an Australian politician. He was a Country Liberal Party member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly, and held the seat of Brennan from 2008 to 2016. He was Deputy Chief Minister from 2014 to 2015 and a minister under both Terry Mills and Adam Giles. He lost his seat at the 2016 general election. Chandler lives in Palmerston with his wife, Robyn, and four children.

Early life
Chandler was born in Swan Hill, Victoria, and was educated at Warialda High School in New South Wales. He joined the Royal Australian Air Force in 1985 in Queensland, and later transferred to the Northern Territory where he worked as a dog handler for the RAAF, and later worked for the City of Darwin.
He also worked as a public servant for the Australian Bureau of Statistics and Defence Housing Australia.

Political career

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Chandler was elected to the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly at the 2008 NT election on 9 August, representing the seat of Brennan for the Country Liberal Party (CLP). He was Shadow Minister for Natural Resources, Environment, and Heritage; Parks and Wildlife in Terry Mills' shadow cabinet, and took on several ministerial portfolios in the Mills Ministry when the CLP won government at the 2012 election.

On the Country Liberal Party's victory at the 2012 election, Chandler was appointed as a minister in the Mills Ministry in September 2012, and continued to serve as a minister in the Giles Ministry.

Other political positions held
 Minister for Business (2012–2013)
 Minister for Trade (2012–2013)
 Minister for Economic Development (2012–2013)
 Minister for Employment and Training (2012–2013)
 Minister for Housing (2012–2013)
 Minister for Lands, Planning and the Environment (2013–2014)
 Minister for Education (2013–2014, 2015–2016)
 Minister for Lands and Planning (2014–2015)
 Minister for Police, Fire and Emergency Services (2014–2016)
 Minister for Defence Industries and Veterans Support (2014–2015)
 Minister for Transport (2015–2016)
 Minister for Infrastructure (2015–2016)
 Minister for Veterans Support (2015–2016)
 Minister for Essential Services (2016).

Fourth deputy chief minister
Deputy Chief Minister Dave Tollner was asked to resign from his position in August 2014. However, following a threat to move to the crossbench unless he was reinstated by Tollner, Chief Minister Adam Giles opened the leadership and deputy leadership to a party room ballot on September 1. Giles was re-elected as CLP leader, and Chandler was voted in as the fourth deputy chief minister of the CLP government.

However, in February 2015, in the fallout from an unsuccessful leadership challenge against Giles from Willem Westra van Holthe, Chandler was replaced as Deputy Chief Minister by Westra van Holthe.

2016 general election
Chandler lost his seat in his party's landslide defeat 2016 election. He stated: "I was resolute that we would probably lose government, given the feedback from the community, I certainly didn't think I would lose my seat". He raised concerns about what he would do now that defeated MPs were no longer entitled to a parliamentary pension, stating:"I look at history and I know that there are many former members of parliament who've actually had to leave town...I've got a family to feed, a family to support so I'll be looking for employment opportunities." He was highly critical of Giles' leadership and role in the party's defeat.

References

1965 births
Living people
Deputy Chief Ministers of the Northern Territory
Members of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
Country Liberal Party members of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
Australian public servants
21st-century Australian politicians


Inside Out is a 1975 British action thriller film, produced and directed by Peter Duffell, and starring James Mason, Robert Culp, and Telly Savalas. The film, shot in West Berlin and the Netherlands, aired on television in the United States on NBC on 1 January 1978 under the alternate title Hitler's Gold. It was also titled The Golden Heist, and Ein genialer Bluff (in West Germany). It was an inspiration for the film Wild Geese II.

Plot

In 1975, Harry Morgan (Telly Savalas) and Sylvester "Sly" Wells (Robert Culp) come up with a plan to recover six million dollars of Nazi gold, lost since the end of World War II. The story begins during the Third Reich. A crew of Wehrmacht soldiers is driving a cargo truck through the Black Forest when they are stopped by a road block of SS commandos. The SS hijack the truck and its cargo killing its passengers. Thirty-four years later, Harry Morgan is driving his Rolls-Royce home in London, where a repossession agent is waiting to confiscate the car. Harry gives the agent the keys, as Harry boasts that he will soon own another one. He enters his family's apartment, where he has a brief conversation with his wife, Meredith (Lorna Dallas), about their debts and the building that is soon to be sold. As he looks through the bills, he finds a letter addressed to him from someone in his past, requesting to meet with him.

The following day, Harry meets Ernst Furben (James Mason) at the London Embassy Hotel. Ernst invites Harry to his hotel room, where they reminisce about the past, and Ernst brings up the story about the cargo. According to his story, he received an order for two guards, a heavy truck and a driver. The truck was assigned to collect a cargo from a railroad yard and deliver it to the Reich Bank. The driver named Hans Schmidt (Günter Meisner) presented the order to the railroad official in charge to receive the cargo that was intercepted by a convoy of SS officers. They presented Schmidt with an order signed by a Nazi Party official to transport the cargo from the Balkans. Schmidt noticed the contents of gold bars when one of the crates was dropped. Schmidt was shipped out to the Eastern Front, where he was captured, and remained in prison until the year 1955. Twenty years later, Schmidt met Ernst again, and told him the story about the gold bars. During the war, an order could be countermanded by Adolf Hitler, Heinrich Himmler, Hermann Göring, Martin Bormann, Rudolf Hess, or Reinhardt Holtz. Schmidt confirmed that Reinhardt Holtz (Wolfgang Lukschy) was the Nazi party official who signed the transfer order. Ernst proposes that he and Harry join forces to release Holtz, to find out the location of the gold. After some discussion about a fellow inmate of the concentration camp, named Sergeant Prior, they discuss tentative ideas for releasing Holtz.

A few days later, Harry travels to Amsterdam to find Sly playing chess with a Dutch teenage boy in a pub. Sly forfeits the game, and speaks to Harry, who tells him about the gold worth six million dollars. Sly initially refuses, but hears Harry out and agrees to the heist. Harry talks Sly into paying for two tickets to West Berlin, where they meet Ernst. They drive by Seigfried prison (where Holtz is an inmate) on the way to an expensive Berlin hotel, where Harry is ringing up an expensive tab for Ernst to pay. Harry goes to the store of Peter Dohlberg (Charles Korvin) to ask him to finance the heist. Peter agrees to the heist for 15% of it. Harry reluctantly agrees, knowing he has no other options. Peter's employee, named Siggi, brings her friend Erika Kurtz (Doris Kunstmann) to meet Harry. They arrange to have Udo Blimperman (Peter Schlesinger), an obese costume shop owner, give them the uniforms they need, in exchange for unlimited meals. Later that evening, Udo gets drunk and crashes through a table.

Harry introduces Sly to Erika and Udo. Erika confirms that Udo will recover. The next morning, Harry wakes up to find that Sly and Erika had been playing chess all night, and that Udo had ordered another large meal for himself. Harry and Ernst meet Schmidt at a carnival to discuss his part in the heist. Harry meets Prior (Aldo Ray), who is now a prison sergeant at Seigfried prison. Harry mentions the scheme to the rest of the group at a hotel. Prior tells everyone about the security procedures at the prison, where the only man to speak to Holtz is a doctor named Maar (Adrian Hoven). Prior offers to allow them to interrogate Holtz in his cell, but Sly says it will not work, stating that Holtz will not disclose the information to anyone outside the Nazi party. Sly informs Schmidt about his idea to stage a confidence game to trick Holtz, and use Erika as an assistant. When Ernst begins to object, Sly reassures him that his idea will not cost him his share.

Sly has fallen in love with Erika, and they go on a walk together to discuss more details about the heist. They find an abandoned courthouse, which they pick the lock on, and decide to use it for their confidence game on Holtz. They purchase furnishings for the scheme, while Harry and Ernst purchase a used car to repaint as a United States Army staff car. Back at the hotel, Prior sets up a model of the prison to show where Holtz's cell is located. Ernst and Sly purchase a camera to photograph Maar with a transsexual named Pauli (Bernard Bauer). Maar is blackmailed by Schmidt and Ernst, claiming that Pauli was Ernst's nephew. Knowing the police will not believe him, Maar agrees to switch places with Holtz, while Harry and Sly accompany them, disguised as United States Army officers. Holtz is drugged with a sedative, while Sly distracts the cell block guard with a ruse about a filthy cell, and orders him to clean it up. Prior relocks the door with the key that has been inadvertently left in the cell door and returns it to the guard, while Harry and Sly leave with Holtz, who is barely conscious enough to walk escorted. Harry makes up a cover story that Holtz needs to be seen by a dental surgeon the next day for an infection. Prior collaborates to ensure that no one else will see Holtz to ensure that no one else knows the surgeons identity, who is actually Ernst. Harry rebukes Prior for not having his name on the visitor's log as part of a ruse.

They pick up Erika from work to change Holtz's appearance to make him look younger. As they arrive at the derelict courthouse, they change Holtz from Maar's borrowed civilian street clothes into a replica of his old Nazi uniform. Holtz is escorted into a courtroom furnished to look like a Third Reich office. Once inside the sedative wears off, he awakens to find himself in a staged meeting, with Schmidt disguised as Adolf Hitler, Sly disguised as an SS officer, and Ernst disguised as a Field Marshal. Schmidt states that Holtz stole the gold from the Reich and betrayed him. Holtz is confused about what Schmidt is referring to and asks what gold was stolen. Schmidt tells Holtz that the gold disappeared only seven days ago, and confirms that Holtz signed the order to have it deposited into the Reich Bank. Ernst escorts Holtz into another room to refresh his memory. Sly and Schmidt congratulate each other on their performances, while Ernst tells Holtz that Germany is winning the war and Holtz has been hospitalised. Holtz remembers that the gold was hidden to prevent Hermann Göring from stealing it. He will only tell Hitler the exact location, though. Holtz whispers to Schmidt (still disguised as Hitler) that the gold is hidden in his bunker, which is on the property of his summer home in Vanglitz. Holtz is given another sedative, while Schmidt admires a portrait of Hitler, comparing his likeness to it. Sly congratulates Schmidt, and Harry sarcastically says that they should do a double act with himself as Benito Mussolini. Schmidt gets carried away with his acting, while Ernst is worried Holtz may recognize the scam, and that their cover can still be blown by him reporting the incident to the prison guards. Sly proposes to return Holtz first thing in the morning before going after the gold, but Harry refuses to wait, worried that it could be found by anyone at any time.

They cross the border into East Germany and everything goes well, despite Schmidt becoming nervous. They arrive at the summer home, to find that the bomb shelter has been built over by an apartment building. Further examination of one of the basement rooms reveals that the bunker is directly below, separated by three feet of concrete. Ernst contacts Wilhelm Schlager (Richard Warner) to arrange to get cooperation from the Soviet police garrison. Schlager insists on 1/8% of the heist for his inconvenience. He steps into another room and conceals a Walther PPK in his belt, while he calls Colonel Kosnikov (Constantine Gregory) of the Russian army. He plans for them to double cross the group, to get a two-way split for himself and Kosnokov. Kosnikov arrives with the Russian army, surrounds the house, and kills Schlager. Sly notices and secretly retrieves Schlager's handgun. Kosnikov demands a share for allowing them to stage a bomb threat to get access to the bunker. He reroutes his troops to the apartment building, and provides the group with equipment to impersonate a bomb disposal unit.

The army evacuates the residents, so that they can begin drilling through the concrete floor. A boy wanders into the room where the dynamite is placed for the explosion. The boy is discovered at the last moment and safely removed before the explosion. Ernst announces that another bomb has been discovered, as a diversion to allow them to enter the hole leading to the bunker. Searching the bunker, the group finds two steel chests containing the gold behind a partition. Sly breaks the locks with a hammer and a chisel as the group admires their loot. After the gold is retrieved, Kosnikov shows up alone to intercept the group, armed with a machine gun. He tries to blackmail them and take all of the gold. As Schmidt pleads for their lives, Harry pins Kosnikov with a ladder. Kosnikov then shoots and kills Schmidt, after which Sly kills Kosnikov with Schlager's pistol. When the team returns to West Germany, they are confronted by the checkpoint guard about their flags on the wrong sides of the car's hood. The checkpoint guard puts the flags on correctly and allows them to leave. They throw Schmidt's body into a river.

They pick up Erika, as well as Holtz, who is still sedated. They turn the gold over to Peter to have it divided up and converted from bullion to United States dollars. En route to the prison, they are forced to deal with a truck with toppled pallets blocking the road. They use the pallets to create a ramp to jump over the cargo truck and proceed to the prison. Returning to the prison, they are confronted by the United States Army colonel (Don Fellows) in charge of Seigfried, who demands an explanation about the unauthorized personnel at the prison. Harry cons their way out of the situation to allow Ernst access as the dental surgeon. Maar and Holtz are switched back to their proper places. Holtz wakes up in his cell to tell the guard that he believes he saw Hitler. As they leave the prison, Harry asks Ernst if he ever was really a Nazi. Ernst replies "Not necessarily." After they abandon the staff car, Harry, Ernst and Sly walk away on the streets of Berlin.

Cast

 Telly Savalas – Harry Morgan
 Robert Culp – Sylvester (Sly) Wells
 James Mason – Ernst Furben
 Günter Meisner – Hans Schmidt
 Aldo Ray – Master Sergeant Prior
 Adrian Hoven – Dr. Maar
 Wolfgang Lukschy – Reinhardt Holtz
 Charles Korvin – Peter Dohlberg
 Constantine Gregory – Colonel Kosnikov
 Richard Warner – Wilhelm Schlager
 Don Fellows – U.S. Army Colonel
 Doris Kunstmann – Erika Kurtz
 Lorna Dallas – Meredith Morgan
 Sigrid Hanack – Siggi
 Peter Schlesinger – Udo Blimpermann
 Stephen Curtis – Chess Boy
 Timothy Peters – Salesman

Novelization
In advance of the film's release (as common for the era), a paperback novelization of the screenplay was released. The author was co-screenwriter Judd Bernard, and the affiliated publishers were Award Books (US) and Sphere Books (UK).

See also
 Kelly's Heroes (1970)
 Escape to Athena (1979)
 Wild Geese II (1985)

References

 Leonard Maltin's 2010 Movie Guide
 Time Out Film Guide, Edited by John Pym

External links

 All Movie

 Inside Out

1975 films
1970s action thriller films
West German films
English-language German films
British heist films
Warner Bros. films
Transgender-related films
1975 LGBT-related films
Films set in 1975
Films set in West Germany
Films set in East Germany
Films set in Berlin
Films set in Amsterdam
Films set in London
Films shot in Berlin
Films about Nazi Germany
1970s English-language films
Films directed by Peter Duffell
1970s British films
Films set in the Black Forest
British World War II films


Harry Carr Maupin (July 11, 1872 – August 25, 1952) was an American Major League Baseball pitcher who played for two seasons. He pitched in two games for the St. Louis Browns during the 1898 season and five games for the Cleveland Spiders during the 1899 season.  Maupin died at the age of 80 in Parsons, Kansas, and is interred at Oakwood Cemetery. He weighed approximately 150 pounds. His height was 5'7''.

Childhood
Before he played professionally, Maupin played on an independent team located in Paris, Texas.

Minor League work
After his work with the Cleveland Spiders, Maupin played in the minor league, specifically with St. Jospeph of the Western League in 1900. Afterwards, Maupin played five seasons with the Ottumwa of the Iowa League. He left the sport completely in 1905.

Retirement and death
From 1905 onwards, Maupin was a conductor for the Katy Railroad for approximately 30 years. Fifteen years after his retirement. Maupin died of a heart attack in Parsons, Kansas.

References

External links

1872 births
1952 deaths
Major League Baseball pitchers
Baseball players from Missouri
People from Montgomery County, Missouri
St. Louis Browns (NL) players
Cleveland Spiders players
19th-century baseball players
Helena Senators players
St. Joseph Saints players
Tacoma Tigers players
Seattle Chinooks players
Colorado Springs Millionaires players
Ottumwa Snappers players


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Matthew Escott Conlan (born 1968) is an Australian politician.

He was a Country Liberal Party member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly from 2007 to 2016, having won his seat of Greatorex in a 2007 by-election. He held several ministerial portfolios in the Mills and Giles Ministries, including Minister for Tourism, Minister for Sport, Minister for Arts and Minister for Housing. He was also the Minister for Transport and Minister for Infrastructure from December 2014. On 10 February 2015, Conlan resigned from all his cabinet positions, citing family reasons.

Controversies
In 2014, Conlan was accused by Robyn Lambley of telling Alison Anderson to "fuck off, you cunt".

References

1968 births
Living people
Members of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
Country Liberal Party members of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
Australian radio personalities
21st-century Australian politicians