Cirsonella consobrina is a minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Skeneidae.

Description
The height of the shell attains 0.8 mm -, its diameter 1.2 mm.

Distribution
This marine is endemic to New Zealand and was found off North Island.

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 Powell A.W.B. (1930) New species of New Zealand Mollusca from shallow-water dredgings. Part 1. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 60: 532-543. page(s): 534

consobrina
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1930


Cirsonella is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Skeneidae.

Description
(Original description by G. Angas) The minute, smooth shell is globosely turbinate. It is narrowly umbilicated. The aperture is circular. The continuous peristome is slightly thickened.

Species
Species within the genus Cirsonella include:
 † Cirsonella aedicula Laws, 1936
 Cirsonella africana (Bartsch, 1915)
 † Cirsonella amplector Laws, 1944
 Cirsonella ateles (Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1896)
 Cirsonella carinata (Hedley, 1903)
 † Cirsonella congrua (Laws, 1941)
 Cirsonella consobrina Powell, 1930
 Cirsonella cubitalis (Hedley, 1907)
 Cirsonella densilirata Suter, 1908
 Cirsonella extrema Thiele, 1912
 Cirsonella floridensis (Dall, 1927)
 † Cirsonella funata Lozouet, 1998
 Cirsonella gaudryi (Dautzenberg & Fischer H., 1896)
 Cirsonella georgiana (Dall, 1927)
 Cirsonella globosa (Pelseneer, 1903)
 Cirsonella kerguelenensis Thiele, 1912
 Cirsonella lata (Laseron, 1954)
 Cirsonella laxa Powell, 1937
 Cirsonella maoria Powell, 1937
 Cirsonella margaritiformis (Dall, 1927)
 Cirsonella microscopia (Gatliff & Gabriel, 1910)
 Cirsonella ovata Hedley, 1899
 Cirsonella paradoxa Powell, 1937
 Cirsonella parvula Powell, 1926
 Cirsonella pisiformis Powell, 1937
 † Cirsonella proava (Marwick, 1931)
 Cirsonella propelaxa Dell, 1956
 Cirsonella reflecta Laseron, 1954
 Cirsonella romettensis (Granata-Grillo, 1877)
 Cirsonella variecostata Powell, 1940
 Cirsonella waikukuensis Powell, 1937
 † Cirsonella waimamakuica Laws, 1948
 Cirsonella weldii (Tenison-Woods, 1877)
 † Cirsonella zeornata Laws, 1948
Species brought into synonymy
 Cirsonella accelerans C. A. Fleming, 1948: synonym of Cirsonella variecostata Powell, 1940
 Cirsonella australis Angas, 1877: synonym of Cirsonella weldii (Tenison-Woods, 1877)
 Cirsonella granum Murdoch and Suter, 1906: synonym of Lissotesta granum (Murdoch & Suter, 1906)
 Cirsonella kerguelenensis [sic]: synonym of Cirsonella kerguelensis Thiele, 1912
 Cirsonella naticoides (Hedley, 1907): synonym of Cirsonella weldii (Tenison Woods, 1877)
 Cirsonella neozelanica Murdoch, 1899: synonym of Suterilla neozelanica (Murdoch, 1899)
 Cirsonella perplexa Laseron, 1954: synonym of Cirsonella reflecta Laseron, 1954
 Cirsonella simplex Powell, 1937: synonym of Acremodontina simplex (Powell, 1937)
 Cirsonella translucida May, 1915: synonym of Acremodontina translucida (May, 1915)

References

 Angas, 1877 Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1877: 38
 Iredale, T. & McMichael, D.F. (1962). A reference list of the marine Mollusca of New South Wales. Memoirs of the Australian Museum. 11 : 1-109
 Lozouet, P., 1998. Nouvelles espèces de gastéropodes (Mollusca: Gastropoda) de l'Oligocène et du Miocène inférieur d'Aquitaine (sud-ouest de la France). Cossmanniana 5(3-4): 61-102
 Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
 Spencer, H.; Marshall. B. (2009). All Mollusca except Opisthobranchia. In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp

Further reading
 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 Taxonomicon info:

Skeneidae
Gastropod genera


Talochlamys zelandiae, common name the New Zealand fan shell, is a species of bivalve mollusc in the scallop family Pectinidae.

Distribution
This species occurs at littoral–bathyal depths off New Zealand.

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 Hertlein L.G. (1931). Changes of Nomenclature of Some Recent and Fossil Pectinidae from Japan, Porto Rico, South America, New Zealand, and California. Journal of Paleontology. 5(4): 367-369
 Finlay, H. J. (1928). The Recent Mollusca of the Chatham Islands. Transactions of the New Zealand Institute. 59: 232-286.
 Fleming, C.A. (1948) New species and genera of marine Mollusca from the Southland Fiords. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 77, 72–92
 Dijkstra, H. H.; Marshall, B. A. (2008). The Recent Pectinoidea of the New Zealand region (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Propeamussiidae, Pectinidae and Spondylidae). Molluscan Research. 28 (1): 1-88
 Spencer, H.G., Marshall, B.A. & Willan, R.C. (2009). Checklist of New Zealand living Mollusca. pp 196–219. in: Gordon, D.P. (ed.) New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume one. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press,
 Maxwell, P.A. (2009). Cenozoic Mollusca. pp 232–254 in Gordon, D.P. (ed.) New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume one. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch

External links
 Gray, J. E. (1843). Catalogue of the species of Mollusca and their shells, which have hitherto been recorded as found at New Zealand, with the description of some lately discovered species. In: Dieffenbach, E. Travels in New Zealand; with contributions to the geography, geology, botany, and natural history of that country, vol. 2: 228-265
 Gould, A. A. (1850). [descriptions of new species of shells from the United States Exploring Expedition]. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History. 3: 151-156, 169–172, 214-218, 252–256, 275–278, 292–296, 309–312, 343–348
 Reeve, L. A. (1852-1853). Monograph of the genus Pecten. In: Conchologia Iconica, or, illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals, vol. 8, pl. 1-35 and unpaginated text. L. Reeve & Co., London.
 Bavay, A. (1905). Sur quelques espèces nouvelles, mal connues ou faisant double emploi dans le genre Pecten. Journal de Conchyliologie. 53: 18-30, pl. 2

Bivalves of New Zealand
Bivalves described in 1843
Taxa named by John Edward Gray
Pectinidae


Berthella ornata is a species of sea slug, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pleurobranchidae. It is sometimes called the ornate side-gilled sea slug.

Description
This is a distinctive pleurobranch up to  in length, the dorsal surface bearing reddish or brownish spots overlaying an opaque background that can vary from white to dark red or brown. A shell up to  is hidden under the smooth mantle, which is white at the margin, the foot and gill are also white. The rhinophores are brown with white tips.
B. ornata is slow moving and feeds on sponges at night, often emitting a milky fluid if disturbed. It is usually found hiding under boulders and stones during the day, with the head and rhinophores retracted under the mantle.

Distribution
Endemic to New Zealand, where it is becoming less common. It is found at low tide through the sub-littoral fringe down to 6 metres deep.

References

Pleurobranchidae
Molluscs of the Pacific Ocean
Gastropods of New Zealand
Endemic fauna of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1878
Taxa named by Thomas Frederic Cheeseman
Endemic molluscs of New Zealand


Mouchak Market is one of the oldest and famous markets in Dhaka city. It was probably situated in the 1940s. It was also one of the most famous markets at the time and was mostly visited by the British and French rulers over Dhaka. It is known to be the General Meeting Building of the Royal British Family.

Location
Accurate position is in Malibag, Dhaka. But for mass people we can consider it is situated between Siddeshwari and Malibag, which is one of the busiest places in Dhaka city. However, the market is an icon for the area; many people, from Dhaka and outside, recognize the area by 'Mouchak More'.

Description
It is five-storey building. There are fast food shops in the ground floor, jewellery in the 1st floor, plastic and others in the 2nd floor and tri-piece, sharee in the 3rd floor. There is a mosque and a Chinese restaurant (Euro garden) in the 4th floor. Around 3,000 to 4,000 people come to this market every day. But it increases exponentially during the festival Eid-ul-fitr. Every shop here is very profitable.

Holiday

Thursday (full) & Friday (half), Eid-ul-azha (4 days), Eid-ul-fitr (4 days), general assembly and other essential government holidays.

See also
 List of shopping malls in Bangladesh

References

Retail markets in Bangladesh


Cirsonella parvula is a minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Skeneidae.

Description

The height of the shell attains 0.8 mm, its diameter 0.9 mm.  It was first described by Baden Powell in 1926.

Distribution
This species is endemic to New Zealand and is found off South Island.

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979

parvula
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1926


Cirsonella paradoxa is a minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Skeneidae.

Description
The height of the shell attains 1 mm, its diameter 1.5 mm.

Distribution
This marine species is endemic to New Zealand and is found off Three Kings Islands at a depth of 260 m.

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979

paradoxa
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1937


"Long time no see" is an English expression used as an informal greeting by people who have not seen each other for an extended period of time. The phrase is also acronymized as LTNS in Internet slang.

Its origins in American English appear to stem from pidgin English, and it is widely accepted as a fixed expression. The phrase is a multiword expression used within most varieties of Standard English. It may derive ultimately from an English pidgin such as that spoken by Native Americans or Chinese, or as an imitation of such.

Etymology
Two primary etymological explanations exist:The expression might be derived from Native American Pidgin English, as close variations of the expression appear in at least two novels from 1900, both attributed to Native American characters.Alternatively, it might be a calque of the Mandarin Chinese phrase 好久不见 (pinyin: hǎojiǔbùjiàn; ).

In Cantonese, the phrase has the same structure as in Mandarin and is pronounced Hou2 noi6 mou5 gin3.

Origin in literature
The phrase was first recorded, though not as a greeting, in the 1843 publication by James Campbell, titled Excursions, Adventures, and Field-Sports in Ceylon: "Ma-am—long time no see wife—want go to Colombo see wife."

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the phrase appeared in the Boston Sunday Globe in 1892, spoken by a woman who, in speaking to a man of Chinese descent, "from constant association had..fallen into the habit of talking pigeon[sic] English to the Chinamen", stating "Maybe. I think I go see my mamma to-day. Long time no see."

Interestingly, only two years later, in an 1894 piece once again in the Boston Daily Globe, the phrase was used in the context of a Native American speaker, in the phraseology of "Come to my tepee. Long time no see. Plenty game in mountains. We kill deer and bear."

Subsequently, as the phrase gained in popularity around the turn of the century, it was found in the 1900 Western entitled Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the Mountains, Or, the Last Voice from the Plains An Authentic Record of a Life Time of Hunting, Trapping, Scouting and Indian Fighting in the Far West, by author W. F. Drannan, which recorded a Native American man greeting the narrator by saying, "Good morning. Long time no see you."

References

English phrases


Cirsonella maoria is a minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Skeneidae.

Description
The height of the shell attains 1.3 mm, its diameter 1.7 mm.

Distribution
This marine species is endemic to New Zealand. It occurs off Three Kings Islands at a depth of 260 m.

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979

maoria
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1937


Cirsonella laxa is a minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Skeneidae.

Description
The height of the shell attains 0.8 mm, its diameter 1.3 mm.

Distribution
This marine species is endemic to New Zealand. It occurs off Three Kings Islands, Māhia and Snares Islands at a depth of 260 m.

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 Morley, M.S.; Hayward, B.W.; Raven, J.L.; Foreman, G.A.; Grenfell, H.R. 2006: Intertidal and shallow subtital biota of Māhia Peninsula, Hawkes Bay. Records of the Auckland Museum 43: 11-41.

laxa
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1937


Cirsonella laxa is a minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Skeneidae.

Description
The height of the shell attains 0.6 mm, its diameter 0.9 mm.

Distribution
This species is endemic to New Zealand and occurs off Three Kings Islands at a depth of 250 m.

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979

variecostata
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1940


Cirsonella propelaxa is a minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Skeneidae.

Description
The height of the shell attains 2.5 mm, its diameter 3 mm.

Distribution
This marine species is endemic to New Zealand. It occurs off Chatham Islands.

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979

propelaxa
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1956


Cirsonella pisiformis is a minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Skeneidae.

Description
The height of the shell attains 1.3 mm, its diameter 1.5 mm.

Distribution
This marine species is endemic to New Zealand. It occurs off Three Kings Islands at a depth of 260 m.

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979

pisiformis
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1937


Clanculus (Paraclanculus) peccatus is a species of medium-sized sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

Description
The height of the shell attains 12 mm, its diameter 12 mm.

Distribution
This marine species is endemic to New Zealand, found under rocks at about 15–20 m off Great Barrier Island.

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 Spencer, H.G.; Marshall, B.A.; Maxwell, P.A.; Grant-Mackie, J.A.; Stilwell, J.D.; Willan, R.C.; Campbell, H.J.; Crampton, J.S.; Henderson, R.A.; Bradshaw, M.A.; Waterhouse, J.B.; Pojeta, J. Jr (2009). Phylum Mollusca: chitons, clams, tusk shells, snails, squids, and kin, in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. pp. 161–254

External links

peccatus
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1927
Taxa named by Harold John Finlay


Cirsonella waikukuensis is a minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Skeneidae.

Description
The height of the shell attains 0.7 mm, its diameter 0.9 mm.

Distribution
This marine species is endemic to New Zealand and occurs off North Cape at a depth of 29 m.

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979

waikukuensis
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1937


Cirsotrema zelebori, common name : the slender wentletrap, is species of very small deepwater sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Epitoniidae, the wentletraps.

Description
The shell size varies between 12 mm and 25 mm

Distribution
This species is endemic to the seas off the southern islands of New Zealand

References

 Powell A W B, New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979

External links

Epitoniidae
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1866


The 3rd season of the National Cheerleading Championships was held at PhilSports Arena, Pasig, Philippines on March 9, 2008.

Finals

Qualifiers

High School Division

Legend:

College Division

Legend:

National Cheerleading Championship
Sports in the Philippines
2008 in Philippine sport


Mednyj Aleut (also called Copper Island Creole or Copper Island Aleut) is an extinct mixed language spoken on Bering Island.

Mednyj Aleut is characterized by a blending of Russian and Aleut (primarily Attu) elements in most components of the grammar, but most profoundly in the verbal morphology. The Aleut component comprises the majority of the vocabulary, all the derivational morphology, part of the simple sentence syntax, nominal inflection and certain other grammatical means. The Russian components comprise verbal inflection, negation, infinitive forms, part of the simple sentence syntax and all of the compound sentence syntax.

History
Originally, the language was spoken by Alaskan Creoles on Copper Island, from where it takes its name. The Alaskan Creoles are the descendants of promyshlenniki men employed by the Russian-American Company (RAC) and Aleut and Alutiiq women, and formed a small but influential population in Russian Alaska. They were bilingual in Russian and Aleut, and were defined as a high-status special social group by the RAC.

Due to increased contact with the Russian language in the 1940s, the majority of the population switched to using Russian instead of Mednyj Aleut. In 1970, the entire population of Medny Island was moved to Bering Island. It was spoken by two elderly speakers in Nikolskoe (Bering Island) until 2022.

Phonology

Consonants

Mednyj Aleut's consonant inventory mostly consists of phonemes shared between Aleut and Russian. The aspirated sonorants /mh/, /nh/, /lh/ and /jh/, and the uvulars /χ/ and /ʁ/, come from Aleut and do not exist in Russian, while the labials, stops /p/ and /b/, and fricatives /f/ and /v/ come from Russian and do not exist in Aleut. Labials are mostly used in words of Russian origin, while aspirated sonorants are used only in native Aleut words.

Vowels
The vowel inventory of Mednyj Aleut contains three pairs of vowels from Aleut (/i/, /u/, /a/) and two pairs, /o/ and /e/, from Russian. Vowel length is preserved in Aleut loanwords, and vowels are also lengthened in the verbal inflectional endings borrowed from Russian.

Syntax
Mednyj Aleut has a heavily Russian-influenced syntax. In particular, it has a relatively free word order in comparison to Aleut, which is strictly SOV. However, when the direct object in a sentence is a personal pronoun or when an adjunct in a sentence is an Aleut word, SOV word order is used.

Russian complementizers, conjunctions and many wh-words are also used:

Additionally, negation is similar to Russian: the Russian prefix  is used as the negative suffix and the phrase / ('there is no') is used as a special negative existential construction.

Like Russian, Mednyj Aleut does not use copulas in the present tense. The verb 'to be' is the Aleut word 'u-', but Russian verbal inflections are used for it. For example, 'uu-it' means 'is' and 'uu-l-i' means 'were'. The copula is only used in past tense when the predicate is nominal. When the predicate is adjectival, the predicate is inflected for the past tense like a verb is.

Morphology

Nouns
The derivational and inflectional morphology of nouns in Mednyj Aleut comes from Aleut. Notably, Mednyj Aleut contains morphological categories that do not exist in Russian, such as duality.  61.5% of nouns in Mednyj Aleut are of Aleut origin, with the rest coming from Russian.

Verbs
The finite, infinitive and the majority of the nonfinite forms of verbs is of Russian origin while the nominal inflectional morphology is of Aleut origin. For example, this table compares selected finite verb forms for the verb 'to work' between the Bering Island dialect of Aleut, Mednyj Aleut and Russian. The Russian-origin influences are added to the verb stem, which is of Aleut origin. 94% of verbs in the Mednyj Aleut lexicon are of Aleut origin, with a minority coming from Russian. Mednyj Aleut is characterized as considerably more agglutinative than Russian, which is generally considered fusional.

See also
Chinook Jargon
Haida Jargon
Kyakhta Russian–Chinese Pidgin
Ninilchik
Nootka Jargon
Russenorsk

Citations

Sources
http://languageserver.uni-graz.at/ls/art?id=981

  (15 fluent speakers in the late 1980s.)
http://archives.conlang.info/so/gentua/vonjhuanjhian.html

Languages of Russia
Russian language varieties and styles
Mixed languages
Aleut language
North America Native-based pidgins and creoles
Russian-based pidgins and creoles
Commander Islands


Cleidothaerus albidus is a bivalve mollusc of the family Cleidothaeridae, the only member of its genus and family. It is endemic to southeast Australia and the North Island of New Zealand, including the Chatham Islands.

References
 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 Photo

Bivalves of Australia
Bivalves of New Zealand
Bivalves described in 1819
Taxa named by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck


Columbarium altocanalis is a pagoda shell, a deepwater sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Columbariidae.

Distribution
New Zealand.

References

Columbariidae
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1956


Coluzea mariae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Columbariidae.

Distribution
This species occurs in New Zealand.

References

 Powell, A. W. B. (1952). New Zealand molluscan systematics, with descriptions of new species. Part 1. Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum. 4: 169-185.
 Harasewych M.G. (2011) The living Columbariinae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda: Turbinellidae) of New Zealand. Zootaxa 2744: 1–33
 Maxwell, P.A. (2009). Cenozoic Mollusca. Pp 232-254 in Gordon, D.P. (ed.) New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume one. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch.
 Spencer, H.G., Marshall, B.A. & Willan, R.C. (2009). Checklist of New Zealand living Mollusca. Pp 196-219. in: Gordon, D.P. (ed.) New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume one. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch.

Columbariidae
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1952


Columbarium spiralis is a species of very rare deepwater sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Columbariidae.

References
 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 Glen Pownall, New Zealand Shells and Shellfish, Seven Seas Publishing Pty Ltd, Wellington, New Zealand 1979

Columbariidae
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1856


Chedabucto Bay  is a large bay on the eastern coast  of mainland Nova Scotia  between the Atlantic Ocean and the Strait of Canso next to Guysborough County. At the entrance to Chedabucto Bay is the community of Canso at the head  is the community of Guysborough and on the other end is the town of Mulgrave.

Geography
Chedabucto Bay was formed by the drowning of part of an ancient river system and owes its origin and shape to position of the Chedabucto Fault, which runs across central Nova Scotia from the Bay of Fundy to the Canso peninsula.

History

Colonial
Merchants in La Rochelle, France enjoyed a fishing monopoly in Acadia and formed the Company of Acadia which established a small fortification on Chedabucto Bay named Fort St. Louis. The principal ports were at Chedabucto, which accounted for fifty fishers in 1686. In 1690, Captain Cyprian Southack proceeded to Chedabucto to take Fort St. Louis at the present-day village of Guysborough which, unlike Port-Royal, put up a fight before surrendering.< The company encountered a variety of difficulties on the way to its final disappearance in 1702.

Modern
On Wednesday, February 4, 1970 the Liberian-registered tanker Arrow ran aground on Cerberus Rock with a cargo of  barrels of Bunker C fuel and split in two. A large oil spill contaminated the waters of the bay as well as  of the  shoreline. However, ever since the oil was largely cleaned up by both Human cleanup crews and natural processes, the sunk Tanker has proven to be largely positive for the local wildlife- providing sanctuary for many sea creatures and a home for a vast variety of aquatic plant life.

Notable people

 Pearleen Oliver was born near the bay, in 1917

See also
 Cook's Cove

References

Bays of Nova Scotia
Landforms of Guysborough County, Nova Scotia
Conflicts in Nova Scotia


Skiing is a video game cartridge for the Atari 2600.  It was authored by Bob Whitehead and released by Activision in 1980. It's one of the first video games developed by Activision.

Gameplay

Skiing is a single player only game, in which the player uses the joystick to control the direction and speed of a stationary skier at the top of the screen, while the background graphics scroll upwards, thus giving the illusion the skier is moving.  The player must avoid obstacles, such as trees and moguls.  The game cartridge contains five variations each of two principal games.

In the downhill mode, the player's goal is to reach the bottom of the ski course as rapidly as possible, while a timer records his relative success.

In the slalom mode, the player must similarly reach the end of the course as rapidly as he can, but must at the same time pass through a series of gates (indicated by a pair of closely spaced flagpoles). Each gate missed counts as a penalty against the player's time.

Promotion
Skiing was promoted via a 30-second TV commercial featuring a man demonstrating how to play the game (including the various obstacles into which a player can crash), while speaking in a stereotypical French accent. The commercial ends with a close-up of the game box, with the man's voice heard off-screen (now speaking in a general American accent) saying, "I think I hurt myself," in reference to his numerous virtual crashes.

Reception
Richard A. Edwards reviewed Skiing in The Space Gamer No. 43. Edwards commented that "Skiing is a simple game with excellent graphics and varying scenarios. It's a must for those with the Atari system."

Reviews
JoyStik (Dec, 1982)
Computer and Video Games (Jan, 1982)

See also

List of Atari 2600 games
List of Activision games: 1980–1999

References

External links
Skiing at Atari Mania

1980 video games
Atari 2600 games
Atari 2600-only games
Activision games
Skiing video games
Video games developed in the United States


The Molbog-Bonggi languages are a proposed microgroup the Austronesian languages comprising Bonggi and Molbog,
spoken in Sabah on Borneo, on Palawan in the Philippines, and on the islands in between.

References

Languages of Palawan


Cominella alertae is a species of predatory deepwater sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cominellidae.

References

 Powell A W B, New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979

Cominellidae
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1956


Cominella adspersa, the speckled whelk or kawari in Maori, is a predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cominellidae.

Description
The length of the shell varies between 25 mm and 75 mm.

The oblong-ovate shell is of a red brown color. It is furrowed throughout its whole extent by regular transverse striae, numerous, pretty near, interwoven by other very fine longitudinal striae. The pointed spire is composed of seven whorls. Each whorl, except the lowest, is adorned with longitudinal tubercles or ribs.  The columella projectis a little above an incipient umbilicus, which penetrates it at the base of the emargination. The ovular aperture is  provided with a callosity upon the left lip, which is of a beautiful reddish color. The pouter lip is arched, plaited upon the internal edge as often as there are striae externally.

Distribution
Cominella adspersa is endemic to New Zealand and is found along the coast of North Island, northern South Island, and the Chatham Islands.

Habitat
The species inhabits the mid to low tidal zone and can be found at depth of up to 20m.

References

External links
 http://www.mollusca.co.nz/speciesdetail.php?speciesid=1086&species=Cominella%20adspersa
 http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/1966/whelk-speckled/1
http://northamericanlandsnails.org/WIFreshwaterSnailskey/glossaryofsnailterms.html

Cominellidae
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1789


Columbarium wormaldi is a species of deepwater sea snail, a marine gastropod, in the subfamily Columbariidae.

References

Columbariidae
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1971


Columbarium veridicum is a species of deepwater sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Columbariidae.

Distribution
This species occurs off of New Zealand.

References

Columbariidae
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1963


Cominella otagoensis is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cominellidae, the true whelks.

Distribution
This marine species is endemic to New Zealand.

References

 Powell A W B, New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 Spencer, H.G., Marshall, B.A. & Willan, R.C. (2009). Checklist of New Zealand living Mollusca. Pp 196-219. in: Gordon, D.P. (ed.) New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume one. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch.

External links
 Finlay H.J. (1926). A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions of the New Zealand Institute. 57: 320-485, pls 18-23
 Donald K.M, Winter D.J., Ashcroft A.L. & Spencer H.G. (2015). Phylogeography of the whelk genus Cominella (Gastropoda: Buccinidae) suggests long-distance counter-current dispersal of a direct developer. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society of London. 115: 315-332

Cominellidae
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1927
Taxa named by Harold John Finlay


Cominella olsoni is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cominellidae, the true whelks.

References

 Powell A W B, New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979

Cominellidae
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1956


Cominella  maculosa, common name the spotted whelk, is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cominellidae, the true whelks.

Description
The length of the shell varies between 30 mm and 45 mm.

The ovate, conical shell has a bluish ash color, traversed by distant lines, articulated and generally formed by oblong black points. The spots upon the upper whorls are larger, flamed, more or less numerous. The spire is composed of seven whorls. They are slightly convex, and united by a pretty fine and regular linear suture. The aperture is oblong ovate, slightly longitudinal, smooth and of a chamois-yellow color. The outer lip is thin and sharp.

Distribution
This marine species is endemic to New Zealand and is found off the North Island, the north part of the South Island and the Chatham Islands. This species inhabits mid to low tidal zones, to 16 m depth.

References

External links

Cominellidae
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1784


Cominella glandiformis, or the mud whelk or mud-flat whelk is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cominellidae. It is endemic to New Zealand.

References

Cominellidae
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1847


Grover Cleveland Stephens, Jr. (January 12, 1925 – June 17, 2003), was an American marine biologist and comparative physiologist at the University of Minnesota and the University of California, Irvine.

Early life, military service, and education
Stephens was born 12 Jan 1925 in Oak Park, Illinois to Grover C. and Celene Madeleine (Seibert) Stephens, and grew up in Cicero, Illinois, attending J. Sterling Morton High School East. He entered military service on 13 Nov 1943 and trained at the Great Lakes Naval Station.  After one year of engineering training at Purdue University and Princeton University, he was commissioned as an ensign in the U.S. Navy in the spring of 1945 and assigned as a gunnery officer on the USS Philippine Sea, which was commissioned after VJ-Day.  He was released from active duty in the Navy in 1946, and after completing his remaining college course work, graduated from Northwestern University with a B.A. in mathematics in 1948.  He earned an M.A. in philosophy at Northwestern University in 1949, and after working in the laboratory of Frank A. Brown at Northwestern University and the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) at Woods Hole, Massachusetts during the summers, he earned his Ph.D. in physiology in 1952.

Academic career

Stephens began his academic career teaching at Brooklyn College (1952–53), after which he joined the faculty of the University of Minnesota (UM) in September 1953. During his eleven years at UM, most of his research was done at MBL, where he worked on the daily rhythms of color change of fiddler crabs.  Some of his most important work during this time period was his 1957 discovery, along with Robert A. Schinske, of the ability of soft-bodied marine invertebrates to take up amino acids and other small-organic molecules directly from seawater.  This discovery was important in broadening our understanding of how many marine invertebrates feed and how energy and nutrients flow through marine ecosystems.

In 1964, Stephens joined the faculty of the University of California at Irvine (UCI) as the founding chairman of the Department of Organismic Biology.  While at UCI, he spent his career refining and expanding his findings of amino acid uptake by invertebrates, conclusively showing that bacteria were not involved in the process, and that the process was a significant supplementary source of nutrition for many animals.  He served as the fourth dean of the College of Biological Sciences at UCI from 1982 to 1986 succeeding Howard A. Schneiderman.  A man of varied talents, he was a good athlete and proficient amateur pianist occasionally performing as an accompanist for vocal artists at the university.  Stephens retired from the university in 1991, but continued to be an active participant in campus activities until his death on 17 June 2003. He was buried at Pacific View Memorial Park in Corona del Mar, California.

Selected publications

 Brown, F.A. Jr. and G.C. Stephens. 1951. Studies on the daily rhythmicity of the fiddler crab, Uca. Modification by photoperiod.  Biological Bulletin 101:71-83.
 Stephens, G.C. 1955. Induction of molting in the crayfish, Cambarus, by modification of daily photoperiod. Biological Bulletin 108:235-241.
 Stephens, G.C. and R.A. Schinske. 1961. Uptake of amino acids by marine invertebrates. Limnology and Oceanography 6(2):175-181.
 Stephens, G.C. 1975. Uptake of naturally occurring primary amines by marine annelids. Biological Bulletin 149:397-407.
 Stephens, G.C. 1982. Recent progress in the study of "Die Ernährung der Wassertiere und der Stoffhaushalt der Gewasser". American Zoologist 22(3):611-619.
 Manahan, D.T., S.H. Wright, G.C. Stephens and M.A. Rice. 1982. Transport of dissolved amino acids by the mussel, Mytilus edulis: Demonstration of net uptake from seawater by HPLC analysis. Science 215:1253-1255.
 Manahan, D.T., S.H. Wright, and G.C. Stephens. 1983. Simultaneous determination of net uptake of 16 amino acids by a marine bivalve. American Journal of Physiology, Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology 244:R832-R838
 Davis, J.P. and G.C. Stephens. 1984. Uptake of free amino acids by bacteria-free larvae of the sand dollar Dendraster excentricus. American Journal of Physiology, Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology 247: R733-R739
 Stephens, G.C. 1988. Epidermal uptake of amino acids in marine invertebrates: Mechanisms and studies of specificity. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 947:113-138.

Personal life

Stephens was first married in 14 Jan 1949 to biologist Gwen Maxine Jones (1919–1991) and they had three sons: physicist Peter Wesley Stephens (1951- ) a professor of physics at SUNY Stony Brook, John D. Stephens (1957-), and Joseph Henry Stephens (1960–1992).  Stephens married Ann C. Doyle on 11 June 1977, and they resided in Newport Beach, California until his death in 2003.

See also
 Comparative Physiology

References

External links

Archival collections
Guide to the Grover C. Stephens Papers. Special Collections and Archives, The UC Irvine Libraries, Irvine, California.

2003 deaths
Scientists from Chicago
Scientists from California
People from Newport Beach, California
Northwestern University alumni
University of California, Irvine faculty
University of Minnesota faculty
1925 births
American biologists
Brooklyn College faculty
20th-century biologists


The Associated Press College Basketball Coach of the Year award was established in 1967 to recognize the best men's college basketball coach of the year, as voted upon by the Associated Press (AP). A parallel award for women's coaches was added in 1995. The 2011 women's award, shared by three coaches, was notable as the first shared AP award in any college sport.

John Wooden of UCLA and Bob Knight of Indiana have won the most awards on the men's side with five and three, respectively. Among active men's coaches only Tony Bennett of Virginia (and Washington State) and Bill Self of Kansas have won the award more than once; both of them winning the award twice and at both programs they have coached. Geno Auriemma of UConn has by far the most awards, with nine on the women's side, followed by Muffet McGraw of Notre Dame with four. Tom and Keno Davis are the only father-and-son duo to win the award.

Winners
Schools are referred to in these listings by their current athletic brand names, even though they may not be historically accurate for the season of a given award. The only school affected by this is UConn, which used "Connecticut" as its official athletic brand before 2013–14 (although it widely used "UConn" before then).

Men's

Key

Women's

See also
Associated Press College Basketball Player of the Year (men)
Associated Press Women's College Basketball Player of the Year

References

External links

Awards established in 1967
Awards established in 1995
College basketball coach of the year awards in the United States
Associated Press awards


Comitas onokeana vivens is a subspecies of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Pseudomelatomidae, the turrids and allies.

Description
The length of the shell attains 48 mm, its diameter 16 mm.

Distribution
This marine subspecies is endemic to New Zealand and occurs off North Island.

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 Spencer, H.G., Marshall, B.A. & Willan, R.C. (2009). Checklist of New Zealand living Mollusca. pp. 196–219. in: Gordon, D.P. (ed.) New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume one. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch

External links
 Spencer H.G., Willan R.C., Marshall B.A. & Murray T.J. (2011). Checklist of the Recent Mollusca Recorded from the New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone.
 New Zealand  Mollusca: Comitas onokeanus vivens

onokeana vivens
Gastropods of New Zealand


Cominella virgata is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cominellidae.

Distribution
This marine species is endemic to New Zealand.

Taxonomy

A subspecies, Cominella virgata brookesi Powell, 1952 was formerly recognized, but the taxon was demonstrated to be genetically indistinguishable from C. virgata virgata.

Habitat
This species inhabits the mid to low tidal zones and prefers areas where there is less sediment. It can be observed in tide pools, sheltering in crevices or underneath rocks. It has an affinity for Neptune's Necklace and Coralline algae species.

References

Cominellidae
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1853
Endemic fauna of New Zealand
Taxa named by Henry Adams (zoologist)
Taxa named by Arthur Adams (zoologist)
Endemic molluscs of New Zealand


Cominella quoyana is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cominellidae.

Subspecies

 Cominella quoyana accuminata (Hutton, 1893): synonym of Cominella accuminata Hutton, 1893
 Cominella quoyana griseicalx (Willian, 1978): synonym of Cominella griseicalx Willan, 1978
 Cominella quoyana necopinata (Finlay, 1930): synonym of Cominella necopinata (Finlay, 1930)

References

 Hutton, F. W. (1873). Catalogue of the marine Mollusca of New Zealand with diagnoses of the species. Didsbury, Wellington. xx + 116 pp.
 Kobelt, W. (1878). Catalog der Gattung Cominella Gray. Jahrbucher der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft. 5: 231–235.
 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979

External links
 Adams A. (1855 ["1854"). Description of twenty-seven new species of shells from the collection of Hugh Cuming, Esq. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 22: 311-317]
 Donald K.M, Winter D.J., Ashcroft A.L. & Spencer H.G. (2015). Phylogeography of the whelk genus Cominella (Gastropoda: Buccinidae) suggests long-distance counter-current dispersal of a direct developer. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society of London. 115: 315-332

Cominellidae
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1854


Conjectura is a genus of very small sea snails or micromolluscs, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Conradiidae.

Species
Species within the genus Conjectura include:
 Conjectura agulhasensis (Thiele, 1925)
 Conjectura glabella (Murdoch, 1908)
 Conjectura solomonensis Rubio & Rolán, 2020
Species brought into synonymy
 Conjectura atypica Powell, 1937: synonym of Acremodontina atypica (Powell, 1937)
 Conjectura carinata Powell, 1940: synonym of Acremodontina carinata (Powell, 1940)
 † Conjectura congrua Laws, 1941: synonym of † Cirsonella congrua (Laws, 1941) (original combination)
 Conjectura poutama Smith, 1962: synonym of Acremodontina poutama (E. C. Smith, 1962)
 † Conjectura proava Marwick, 1931: synonym of † Cirsonella proava (Marwick, 1931)  (original combination)

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 Rubio F. & Rolán E. (2020). Conradiidae Golikov & Starobogatov, 1987 (= Crosseolidae Hickman, 2013) (Gastropoda, Trochoidea) from the Indo-Pacific. III. The genera Conradia and Conjectura. Novapex. 21(2-3): 49–91.

External links
 Finlay H.J. (1926). A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions of the New Zealand Institute. 57: 320-485, pls 18-23

Conradiidae
Gastropods of New Zealand


Comitas trailli is a species of sea snails, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Pseudomelatomidae, the turrids and allies.

Description
The length of the shell attains 28 mm, its diameter 10 mm.

The fusiform shell has an acute spire. The whorls are slightly carinated with fine spiral lines and transverse ribs anteriorly. The posterior part is smooth. The aperture is ovate. The siphonal canal is rather produced. The body whorl is shorter than the spire.

Distribution
This marine species is endemic to New Zealand and occurs off South Island where fossils have been found in Tertiary strata.

References

 Maxwell, P.A. (2009). Cenozoic Mollusca. pp. 232–254 in Gordon, D.P. (ed.) New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume one. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch.
 Spencer, H.G., Marshall, B.A. & Willan, R.C. (2009). Checklist of New Zealand living Mollusca. pp. 196–219. in: Gordon, D.P. (ed.) New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume one. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch

External links

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 Bruce A. Marshall, Molluscan and brachiopod taxa introduced by F. W. Hutton in The New Zealand journal of science; Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, Volume 25, Issue 4, 1995
 Spencer H.G., Willan R.C., Marshall B.A. & Murray T.J. (2011). Checklist of the Recent Mollusca Recorded from the New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone
 Auckland War Memorial Museum: Comitas trailli

trailli
Gastropods described in 1873
Gastropods of New Zealand


Conus kermadecensis, common name the Kermadec cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.

Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all.

Description
The size of the shell varies between 25 mm and 60 mm.

Distribution
This marine species is endemic to New Zealand, occurring off the Kermadec Islands.

References

 Iredale, T. (1912). New generic names and new species of marine Mollusca. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London. 10(3): 217–228, pl. 9 page(s): 227, pl. 9 figs 15–16
 Tucker J.K. & Tenorio M.J. (2013) Illustrated catalog of the living cone shells. 517 pp. Wellington, Florida: MdM Publishing.
 Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1–23

External links
 The Conus Biodiversity website
 Cone Shells – Knights of the Sea

kermadecensis
Gastropods described in 1912


Conjectura glabella is a species of small sea snail or micromollusc, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Conradiidae.

Distribution
This marine species is endemic to New Zealand, (specifically around Stewart Island, the Foveaux Strait, the Otago Heads, and the Snares Islands).

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 Beu, A.G.; Maxwell, P.A. 1990:  Cenozoic Mollusca of New Zealand.  New Zealand Geological Survey Paleontological Bulletin 58: 518 Pp.
 Spencer H.G., Willan R.C., Marshall B.A. & Murray T.J. (2011) Checklist of the Recent Mollusca Recorded from the New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone

External links
 Museum of New Zealand: Conjectura glabella
 New Zealand Mollusca: Conjectura glabella

glabella
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1908


U.S. Route 81 (US 81) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that travels from Fort Worth, Texas, to the Pembina–Emerson Border Crossing near Pembina. In the state of North Dakota, US 81 extends from the South Dakota border north to the Canada-United States border.

Route description
U.S. 81 enters North Dakota concurrently with Interstate 29 (I-29). It heads north from the South Dakota border, passing through Fargo, to the north side of Grand Forks. There it splits off to the northwest, passing through the city of Manvel. It parallels I-29, passing through the town of Grafton before joining North Dakota Highway 5 (ND 5) near Cavalier. It rejoins I-29 and continues to the US–Canada border at Pembina. The original route of US 81 survives as ND 127 and 'County Road 81' in Richland, Cass, Traill, and Grand Forks counties.

Major intersections
Exit numbers are I-29 exit numbers.

References

External links

Transportation in Richland County, North Dakota
Transportation in Cass County, North Dakota
Transportation in Traill County, North Dakota
Transportation in Grand Forks County, North Dakota
Transportation in Walsh County, North Dakota
Transportation in Pembina County, North Dakota
 North Dakota
81


U.S. Route 83 (US 83) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that travels from the Mexico–United States border in Brownsville, Texas, to the Canada–United States border near Westhope, North Dakota. In the state of North Dakota, US 83 extends from the South Dakota border north to the Canada-United States border.

Route description
US 83 enters North Dakota at the South Dakota state line, near the town of Hague, and runs northward for approximately , serving the small cities of Strasburg and Linton before reaching Interstate 94 (I-94). It follows I-94 west to Bismarck, where it resumes a generally northward course as a four-lane highway.

Headed toward Minot US 83 traverses mostly agricultural land, passing through some small cities such as Wilton, Washburn and Underwood north to Max. Leaving Underwood, US 83 encounters a large strip-mining coal (lignite) operation which can not only be seen from the roadway in the vicinity of Falkirk, but a small viaduct carries coal over the highway. North of Coleharbor, US 83 briefly merges both roadways and shares land with an adjacent railroad line in order to cross a viaduct that separates Lake Sakakawea from Lake Audubon. North of the lakes, the surroundings return to cropland and grazing land, though a wind farm is located south of Minot.

US 83 passes directly through Minot, where it is known as Broadway, although the Minot Bypass to the west is an alternate route. The northbound route passes the airport and continues to Minot Air Force Base, where it returns to a two-lane highway, and shares a roadway with eastbound North Dakota Highway 5 (ND 5) about  north of the base for about . The highway then diverges from ND 5 to head north to the border with Canada at the 49th parallel, and enters southwestern Manitoba as Provincial Trunk Highway 83.

Major intersections

References

External links

Transportation in Bottineau County, North Dakota
Transportation in Burleigh County, North Dakota
Transportation in Emmons County, North Dakota
Transportation in McLean County, North Dakota
Transportation in Renville County, North Dakota
Transportation in Ward County, North Dakota
 North Dakota
83


Transmit Now was an alternative/pop rock band based out of Orlando, Florida. The band's first live performance was on July 10, 2008 at the Van's Warped Tour 2008, the result of winning an online "Battle of the Bands" event. Soon after, Transmit Now went on to win the popular vote in MTV's "I Want My Music On MTV II" contest, and has since had its music featured in several MTV shows. In 2010, the band put out a full length album "Downtown Merry Go Round." In May 2010 the band shot a video for the album's first single, "Let's Go Out Tonight" directed by Chris Grieder. The video won mtvU's Freshman 5 for the week of August 30, 2010 and was added to rotation on the network.
A punk-rock work ethic and a love for their music is what Brooks says sets Transmit Now apart from the rest of the power pop crowd.

After parting ways with their label in early 2011 the band set out to fund the recording of their second album via the website Kickstarter raising over $11,000.

Their second album "1955" was released on May 25, 2012.

Band members
The band's members are

 Andy Brooks - Vocals
 Kevin Parrow - Guitar
 Tony Aguirre - Guitar
 Greg Parrow - Drums

Former members

 Lee Gianou - Bass

In February 2009, Transmit Now was signed under the record label Silent Majority Group.

Discography
"Self Titled" EP (2008)

"Test, Test" EP (2009)

"Downtown Merry Go Round" (2010)

"1955" (2012)

“1955 Redux” (2022)

Major appearances and accomplishments
Transmit Now's debut video for "Let's Go Out Tonight" won mtvU's Freshman 5 for the week of August 30, 2010 The video can be seen here

Their debut album "Downtown Merry Go Round" is set for release on iTunes April 20, 2010 and in stores May 25, 2010.

On January 6, 2010 "Let's Go Out Tonight" was featured on The Peoples Choice Awards on CBS. The song can be heard as Hugh Jackman accepted his award for "Best Action Hero"

On December 31, 2009, Transmit Now was named TOP NEWCOMER BAND in the 2009 Rock on Request Magazine Top In Rock Awards.

On December 18, 2009 Transmit Now made their television debut on the nationally syndicated show "The Daily Buzz"

On December 5, 2009, Transmit Now played the 3rd stage at 103.1 FM The Buzz's Buzz Bake Sale 2009.

On August 4, 2009, Transmit Now released their ep, "Test, Test"

On May 5, 2009, Transmit Now completed recording for their ep, "Test, Test"

On February 17, 2009, Transmit Now was signed with Silent Majority Group.

On September 7, 2008, Tarantism was featured on the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards.

On October 7, 2008, that same song was featured on MTV's Making the Band 4.

On October 20, 2008, Transmit Now was named the winner of MTV's "I Want My Music On MTV" contest, resulting in the filming of their song "Tarantism."

The video for "Tarantism" was first aired on MTV on November 11, 2008. The song was also featured that day on MTV's Paris Hilton's My New BFF

In the past they have played alongside such widely known acts as Anberlin, TRUSTcompany, Mayday Parade, and Framing Hanley.

Their first full-length album was recorded in front of a live webcam feed on ustream.tv, taking time to chat with viewers.

References

External links
 Transmit Now's Myspace Page
 Transmit Now's Sonicbids Page

Alternative rock groups from Florida
American pop rock music groups
Musical groups from Orlando, Florida


Dilemma inexpectatum is a minute species of deepwater cockle, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Cardiidae.

References

Cardiidae
Molluscs of the Pacific Ocean
Bivalves of New Zealand
Molluscs described in 1966


Cookia sulcata, or Cook's turban, is a species of large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.

Description

The length of the shell varies between 50 mm and 90 mm. The large, imperforate, rather thin shell is conic. The periphery is rounded. The spire is more or less elevated. The sutures are deeply impressed. The seven whorls are well rounded, with close lamellose incremental striae, and corrugated by obliquely descending subtuberculose folds. The  base is flattened bearing concentric densely squamose lirae, deeply concave in the center, and indented in the place of the umbilicus. The aperture is transversely oval, very oblique, pearly and somewhat corrugated within. The thin columella is arcuate. The umbilical region and part of base is covered with a thin callus. The operculum is brownish or white inside.

The median tooth of the radula has a long basal plate and a short body. It bears no cusp, and has small supporting wings. The first lateral also is much like that in Pomaulax. The others bear cusps. The inner marginal is very broad, with wide cusp. The cusps of outer marginals are simple.

Distribution
This marine species occurs off New Zealand.

References

Further reading
 Powell A W B, New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 Glen Pownall, New Zealand Shells and Shellfish, Seven Seas Publishing Pty Ltd, Wellington, New Zealand 1979
 Spencer, H.; Marshall. B. (2009). All Mollusca except Opisthobranchia. In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp
 Alf A. & Kreipl K. (2011) The family Turbinidae. Subfamilies Turbininae Rafinesque, 1815 and Prisogasterinae Hickman & McLean, 1990. In: G.T. Poppe & K. Groh (eds), A Conchological Iconography. Hackenheim: Conchbooks. pp. 1–82, pls 104-245.

External links

sulcata
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1791
Taxa named by Johann Friedrich Gmelin


Conus lischkeanus, the Lischke's cone, is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails, cone shells or cones.

Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all.

Description
The size of an adult shell varies between 20 mm and 75 mm. The whorls of the spire contain a shallow channel. The body whorl is smooth, striate at the base. The color of the shell is sulphur-yellow, without ornamentation except maculations on the spire. The aperture is white.

Distribution
This marine species occurs off Japan and Taiwan, Queensland, Western Australia, New Zealand, New Caledonia, the Kermadec Islands. There are reported finds from the Philippines and in the Indian Ocean from Natal, South Africa to the Gulf of Aden.

References

 Weinkauff, H.C. 1875. Conus. pp. 311–316 in Küster, H.C., Martini, F.W. & Chemnitz, J.H. (eds). Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz. Nürnberg : Bauer & Raspe Vol. 4.
 Coomans, H.E. & Filmer, R.M. 1985. Studies of Conidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) 1. Conus papuensis and C. kintoki, two new species from the deeper water in the western Pacific. Beaufortia 35(81): 1-14
 Richard G. , 1990 Révision des Conidae (Mollusques Gastéropodes) du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle de Paris, p. 231 pp
 Röckel, D. & Korn, W. 1992. New species and subspecies of the genus Conus (Mollusca: Neogastropoda) from the Indo-Pacific. Acta Conchyliorum 3: 5-29
 Wilson, B. 1994. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Kallaroo, WA : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 2 370 pp.
 Röckel, D., Korn, W. & Kohn, A.J. 1995. Manual of the Living Conidae. Volume 1: Indo-Pacific Region. Wiesbaden : Hemmen 517 pp.
 Filmer R.M. (2001). A Catalogue of Nomenclature and Taxonomy in the Living Conidae 1758 - 1998. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden. 388pp.
 Tucker J.K. (2009). Recent cone species database. September 4, 2009 Edition
 Tucker J.K. & Tenorio M.J. (2009) Systematic classification of Recent and fossil conoidean gastropods. Hackenheim: Conchbooks. 296 pp.
 Tucker J.K. & Tenorio M.J. (2013) Illustrated catalog of the living cone shells. 517 pp. Wellington, Florida: MdM Publishing.

Gallery

External links
 Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1-23
 SeashellsofNSW
 New Zealand newspaper article, including photo
 Cone Shells - Knights of the Sea

lischkeanus
Gastropods of Australia
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1875


The Muna–Buton languages are a group of languages spoken on the islands of Muna and Buton off the coast of South East Sulawesi province, Indonesia. They belong to the Celebic subgroup of the Austronesian family.

Internal classification
The Ethnologue classifies the Muna–Buton languages as follows, based on van den Berg (2003) and Donohue (2004):

Nuclear Muna–Buton
Buton
East Buton: Lasalimu, Kumbewaha
West Buton: Cia-Cia
Munan
Busoa
Munic
Kaimbulawa
Western Munic: Liabuku, Muna (Wuna), Pancana, Kioko
Tukangbesi–Bonerate: Tukang Besi, Bonerate
In earlier classifications, Wolio, spoken in the city of Baubau (seat of the court of the former Sultanate of Buton) and its immediate surroundings, and Laiyolo, spoken in the southern part of Selayar Island, were also included in the Muna–Buton group, but Donohue (2004) has shown that they form a distinct subgroup of their own, Wotu–Wolio, which also includes Wotu, spoken at the northern shore of the Bone Gulf.

Reconstruction

Proto-Muna–Buton has been reconstructed by van den Berg (2003).

Phonology

Vocabulary
Van den Berg proposes around 30 lexical innovations for Proto-Muna–Buton, e.g.,  'cat',  'throw away',  'fish',  'eel',  'head',  'split open (fruit)',  'under'.

References

External links
"Muna-Buton" at Ethnologue (23rd ed, 2020).

Celebic languages


The Associated Press College Basketball Player of the Year award was established in 1961 to recognize the best men's college basketball player of the year, as voted upon by the Associated Press (AP).

The only three-time winner is Ralph Sampson of the Virginia Cavaliers program. Lew Alcindor, Jerry Lucas, David Thompson, and Bill Walton each won the award twice.

Key

Winners by school

Footnotes
 Lew Alcindor changed his name to Kareem Abdul-Jabbar in 1971 after converting to Islam.

See also
List of U.S. men's college basketball national player of the year awards
Associated Press College Basketball Coach of the Year
Associated Press Women's College Basketball Player of the Year

References

External links
AP Player of the Year

Associated Press awards
Awards established in 1961
College basketball player of the year awards in the United States


David William Magson (born 4 May 1945) is a businessman, who was awarded the MBE in 2003 for his contribution to the recovery effort which followed the first terrorist bombing in Bali in 2002 in which more than 200 people, both Indonesians and visitors, lost their lives. Immediately following the bombing, Magson assisted wounded Australians to evacuate and then worked in the morgue for four days on behalf of the British Consul.

Magson witnessed the devastation and social upheaval which affected the people of Bali after the bombing and readily accepted the role of chair of YKIP (Yayasan Kemanusiaan Ibu Pertiwi, or the Humanitarian Foundation for Mother Earth), which was established to help the needy in Bali through health and education programs.

Established only days after the Bali bomb blast of October 12, 2002, YKIP is intended as a living tribute to the 222 dead and 446 injured victims of the two blasts. YKIP is a donor agency for other organizations to support projects on Bali, knowing that their funds will be used in a productive and transparent manner. YKIP also has its own projects, including the KEMBALI Scholarship program; KIDS scholarship program for the Bali bomb survivors; Vocational Scholarship Program and the University Scholarship Program.

David Magson held the chairperson’s position from 2003 until 2008. Through the company of which he was Chairman, Mitrais, he continues to provide support for YKIP in the form of serviced office space, volunteer webmasters and IT support. (See YKIP's JOURNEY: The first five years, published by YKIP, 2007, page 10.; also www.ykip.org/about-us and www.ykip.org/boards-staff).

He holds dual Australian and British citizenship. A mathematician by training, he is a member of the Australian Institute of Company Directors, and a former Fellow of the Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy.

Prior to moving to Southeast Asia, he spent more than 20 years in the mining industry, working in the UK, Africa, and Australia. He currently lives in Perth, Western Australia.

Magson is currently the CEO  of Ksatria Pty. Ltd. and a Board Member of MediRecords Pty. Ltd. He is also a past chairperson of Mitrais Pte. Ltd.
, the Bali International School, Oniqua Pty Ltd, and Auslang International Pty Ltd and a founding Vice President of the Australian Indonesian Business Council (Bali).

References

 The Gazette Honours listing
 YKIP annual report

External links
 Mitrais - Official website

Members of the Order of the British Empire
Living people
1945 births


Crosseola is a genus of minute sea snail or micromollusc, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Conradiidae.

Species
Species within the genus Crosseola include:

 Crosseola anodyna  Rubio & Rolán, 2019
 Crosseola axialis  Rubio & Rolán, 2019
 Crosseola bellula (A. Adams, 1865)
 Crosseola benedotata  Rubio & Rolán, 2019
 Crosseola bollonsi Dell, 1956
 Crosseola brasiliensis  Rubio & Rolán, 2017
 Crosseola cancellata (Tenison Woods, 1878)
 Crosseola caribbeae  Rubio & Rolán, 2017
 Crosseola catenata  Rubio & Rolán, 2019
 Crosseola concinna (Angas, 1868)
 Crosseola cuvieriana (Mestayer, 1919)
 Crosseola delicata  Rubio & Rolán, 2019
 Crosseola dentata  Rubio & Rolán, 2019
 Crosseola distorta  Rubio & Rolán, 2019
 † Crosseola emilyae Laws, 1950
 Crosseola errata Finlay, 1927
 Crosseola escondida (Poppe, Tagaro & Goto, 2018)
 Crosseola favosa Powell, 1937)
 Crosseola foveolata (Barnard, 1963)
 Crosseola gorii Rubio & Rolán, 2014
 † Crosseola henryi Laws, 1950
 Crosseola indigaxial   Rubio, Rolán & Gori, 2019
 Crosseola intercalaris  Rubio & Rolán, 2019
 Crosseola intertexta Powell, 1937)
 Crosseola inverta (Hedley, 1907)
 Crosseola latumlabrum  Rubio & Rolán, 2019
 Crosseola madagascariensis  Rubio & Rolán, 2017
 Crosseola mayottensis  Rubio & Rolán, 2019
 Crosseola microstriata  Rubio & Rolán, 2019
 Crosseola minireticula  Rubio & Rolán, 2019
 † Crosseola munditia Laws, 1936
 Crosseola occlusa  Rubio & Rolán, 2019
 Crosseola ordinata  Rubio & Rolán, 2017
 Crosseola osgrandis  Rubio & Rolán, 2019
 † Crosseola princeps (Tate, 1890)
 † Crosseola proerrata Finlay, 1930
 Crosseola prosoclina  Rubio & Rolán, 2019
 Crosseola pseudocollonia Powell, 1957
 † Crosseola semiornata Tate 1893
 Crosseola serrata   Rubio, Rolán & Gori, 2019
 Crosseola sexlata  Rubio & Rolán, 2019
 Crosseola similiter  Rubio & Rolán, 2017
 † Crosseola sinemacula Laws, 1939
 Crosseola solomonensis  Rubio & Rolán, 2017
  Crosseola striata (Watson, 1883)
 † Crosseola sultan Finlay, 1930
 Crosseola solomonensis  Rubio & Rolán, 2017
 † Crosseola tenuisculpta Laws, 1936
 Crosseola uniformis  Rubio, Rolán & Gori, 2019
 † Crosseola waitotara Laws, 1940

Species brought into synonymy
 Crosseola cookiana Dell, 1952: synonym of Lodderia eumorpha cookiana (Dell, 1952) (original combination)
 Crosseola marquesensis Rubio, Rolán & Letourneux, 2017: synonym of Crossolida marquesensis (Rubio, Rolán & Letourneux, 2017) (original combination)
 Crosseola naticoides Iredale, T. & McMichael, D.F. 1962: synonym of Cirsonella naticoides (Hedley, 1907)
 Crosseola vesca (Finlay, 1927): synonym of Dolicrossea vesca Finlay, 1926

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 Discover Life
 ZipCodeZoo
 TePapa

External links
 New Zealand Cenozoic Mollusca: Crosseola
 Iredale, T. (1924). Results from Roy Bell's molluscan collections. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. 49: 179-278

Extant Miocene first appearances
Gastropod genera


Thomas John Quilty  (4 April 1887 – 1979) was an Australian station owner, pastoralist, philanthropist, and bush poet. To this day he still holds the record for the largest freehold land acreage in Australia's history; over 3 million acres (12,000 km²) for a single property.  In total, he controlled over 4.5 million acres (18,211 km²) of land. In 1976, Tom Quilty was awarded the O.B.E. (The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire) for his outstanding services to primary industry.

Early life
Quilty was born in Normanton, Queensland, to an Irish family with six children.  He began his career with his father and brothers Patrick (b.1888) and  Reginald (b.1894)  by buying large stations in the Kimberley region to run stock for the beef market,  breeding and training horses and cattle that could thrive in the harsh territory conditions.

Education
Tom received schooling at the family stations before being sent to boarding school (1904–07) at Nudgee College, Brisbane. After school he helped his father and brothers Patrick (b. 1888) and Reginald (b. 1894) to run Oakland Park and Euroka Springs, another station which the family had acquired north of Julia Creek. Robust and energetic, he honed his legendary horsemanship by riding with a band of wild young stockmen known as the 'Forest Devils'. In 1909 his parents and two of his sisters moved to Sydney. Property investment in Sydney further increased the family's wealth and in 1917 Quilty and Sons bought Bedford Downs Station, near Halls Creek, Western Australia, for £34,000. Patrick managed the infamous Bedford Downs Station while Tom Quilty managed both Euroka Springs and Oakland Park. The family continued to expand their extensive land ownership by purchasing Springvale Station in 1948, Springvale Station was a neighbouring cattle station to the already Quilty owned Bedford Downs Station. At All Saints Church, Roma, on 30 April 1919 he married fellow Irish native Charlotte Lillian Laura Isis Byrne; they were to have four children Roderick, Patrick, Irene, and Doreen.

Career as a cattleman
Quilty was an outstanding cattleman, an authority on the bush and northern Australia, a skilled 'poddy-dodger' and he could be 'a bit of a menace.' Generous with his fortune, but not one to give praise, he participated enthusiastically in outback social activities. He bred and trained his own stockhorses, racehorses and polo ponies. He was a proud and enthusiastic horse lover with his racehorse Proud Boy earning him honours on the racetrack.  He invested in the Kimberley Hotel at Halls Creek and donated money for a grandstand at the local racing club. To raise funds for the Royal Flying Doctor Service, he published a volume of poems, The Drover's Cook (Sydney, 1958). The poems dealt with station life, drinking, personal relationships, and raising children of mixed blood at Springvale homestead.  The poems are still in publication today. Tom Quilty is honoured for his immense contribution to the success of the Australian cattle industry and his notoriety as one of the most famous cattle barons in history through his inclusion in the Australian Stockman's Hall of Fame.

Charity work
A passionate horseman, in 1966 he donated 1000 pounds for the creation of a trophy for the Tom Quilty Gold Cup.  An event designed to test the skill of horse and rider it was awarded to the winner of a 100-mile (160 km) who could not only complete the gruelling course but whose horse also finished in sound health.  Quilty and his good mate RM Williams (the now famous boot and saddle maker) created the Tom Quilty Gold Cup a national championship endurance horse event, held annually in Australia which is now the biggest professional endurance ride in the Southern Hemisphere.
 In 1976, Tom Quilty was awarded the prestigious O.B.E. the second highest ranking Order of the British Empire honour for his services to primary industry.

After suffering a number of strokes, he resided at Oakland Farm near Capel, Western Australia.  He died on 24 November 1979.

References

1887 births
1979 deaths
Australian pastoralists
20th-century Australian poets
Australian male poets
Writers from Queensland
Australian people of Irish descent
20th-century Australian male writers
Australian philanthropists
Australian Officers of the Order of the British Empire
People from Normanton, Queensland


Nieuw Amsterdam may refer to one of the following ships of the Holland America Line:

 , an ocean liner in service 1905–1931
 , an ocean liner in service 1938–1974
 , a cruise ship in service 1984–2000
 , a cruise ship which entered service in 2010

Ship names

pl:SS Nieuw Amsterdam


Raymond "Ray" Martin (born 7 February 1960) is an Australian sprint canoeist. He participated in the K-4 1000 m event at the 1984 Summer Olympics, finishing in 7th place in the final.

Education career
Martin was the assistant principal of De La Salle College, Kingsgrove, between 1997 and 1998, and Trinity Catholic College, Auburn/Regents Park, between 2002 and 2007. He was the principal of Holy Spirit Catholic College, Lakemba, between 2008 and 2015, and Marist Catholic College Penshurst, between 2016 and 2022.

He is currently the foundation principal of St Vincent's College in Ashfield, which was formed as a result of the amalgamation of De La Salle College Ashfield, Bethlehem College and St Vincent's Primary School in 2023.

See also
 Canoeing at the 1984 Summer Olympics

References

External links
Raymond Martin at the Australian Olympic Committee (AOC) website

1960 births
Australian male canoeists
Canoeists at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Living people
Olympic canoeists for Australia
20th-century Australian people
Sportsmen from New South Wales


Joliette is an unincorporated community located along Interstate 29 in Joliette Township in Pembina County in the U.S. state of North Dakota. It was established in 1879 as a rural post office. It was settled by French Canadians and named for Joliette, Quebec, the hometown of the town's first settler. the post office is no longer operating and shares the ZIP code 58271 with the city of Pembina.

Local agribusinesses are served by a BNSF rail line that extends from Grand Forks; however, this line has been abandoned north of Joliette since 1980.

References

Canadian-American culture in North Dakota
French-Canadian culture in the United States
Unincorporated communities in Pembina County, North Dakota
Unincorporated communities in North Dakota
Populated places established in 1879


Alfred Jefferson Vaughan Jr. (May 10, 1830 – October 1, 1899) was an American civil engineer, planter, soldier, and writer. He served as a Confederate general during the American Civil War, in which he was wounded twice, and fought mainly in the Western Theater of the conflict.

After the war Vaughan resumed farming, was active in Confederate veteran affairs, and was a published author. He also was part of the early formation of the Grange Movement in the United States.

Early life and career
Alfred J. Vaughan Jr. was born in 1830 in Dinwiddie County, Virginia, a son of Alfred Jefferson Vaughan and his wife Dorothy. He entered the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) on July 17, 1848, and graduated 15th in a class of 29 cadets on July 4, 1851. Throughout his final year he served as "a cadet captain and company commander". While attending VMI, Vaughan was a classmate of William Y.C. Humes, who stood 2nd in the class and would also serve as a Confederate general in the Civil War.

Vaughan took up civil engineering as his chosen profession, and initially moved to Saint Joseph, Missouri, working as a surveyor for the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Soon afterward he relocated to Southern California, where he served as deputy U.S. surveyor. He then briefly was on the staff of an official for the Northern Pacific Railroad. In this work Vaughan served as the private secretary of Alfred Cumming (uncle of Confederate general Alfred Cumming) who represented the railway in peace treaty talks with the Indians living on the upper portion of the Missouri River.

Finally settling in Marshall County, Mississippi, Vaughan took up work as a farmer. There he met Martha Jane Hardaway (1838–1911) and they were married on November 6, 1856, having eight children together. He was still working as a planter in Marshall County when the war began in 1861.

Civil War service
When the Civil War began in 1861, Vaughan chose to follow his home and adopted states and the Confederate cause, despite his strong Unionist feelings. He raised a company of fellow Mississippians for service, however the state was unable to arm and equip them, so Vaughan led them north to Moscow, Tennessee. There his men (dubbed the "Dixie Rifles") were added to the 13th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, and Vaughan entered the Confederate Army as its captain that May. That June the regiment was reorganized, and on June 7 he was elected its lieutenant colonel.

Vaughan and his regiment first saw action during the Battle of Belmont on November 7, 1861. On December 4 he was promoted to colonel and was given command of the 13th Tennessee. He then fought during the Battle of Shiloh on April 6–7, 1862, and was lightly wounded on the first day of the battle. Vaughan's conduct in this fight has been described as: " ...he led his troops in a charge against the Union right, routing an Ohio regiment and causing a nearby battery to abandon 3 of its guns." Beginning that fall he was given brigade command in the Army of Tennessee and both its previous namings (Army of Kentucky and of Mississippi).

Recovering from the injury, Vaughan participated in the Battle of Richmond on August 29–30, and the Battle of Perryville on October 8. He also fought during the Battle of Stones River (also called the Battle of Murfreesboro) from December 31 to January 2, 1863. Vaughan's most notable service was during the Battle of Chickamauga on September 17–18, 1863, after which he was given a field promotion personally by Confederate President Jefferson Davis "for conspicuous gallantry." Vaughan was promoted to brigadier general effective November 18, 1863, "in recognition for his service to the Confederacy at Chickamauga." An account of his performance in that fight follows:

During the Chattanooga Campaign that followed, Vaughan fought at the Battle of Missionary Ridge on November 25, 1863. He then participated in the Atlanta Campaign of 1864, and on July 4 Vaughan led his brigade during a skirmish at Vining's Station just after the Battle of Marietta on the previous day. Up to this point he had escaped serious injury, despite having at least eight horses shot from under him in combat. However, in this fight he was severely wounded when his leg was cut off by an exploding artillery shell, ending his active military service with the Confederate States. On May 10, 1865, Vaughan was paroled from Gainesville, Alabama, and returned home.

Postbellum career and death
After the American Civil War ended in 1865, Vaughan returned to farming in Mississippi. In 1872 he moved to Tennessee, where into 1873 he participated in the Grange Movement at Memphis. He served as a general agent of the movement, responsible for the organization of state granges in Mississippi, Arkansas, and Tennessee. Vaughan also opened a mercantile business while in Memphis.

On November 4, 1876, Vaughan was the Grand Marshal at the Grand Democratic Rally at Memphis.  There were 4,000 people in the torchlight procession and 10,000 people at the assembly at the Exposition Building.  Other honored guests and speakers included Lucius Q. C. Lamar and former Gov. Isham Green Harris amongst other dignitaries.

In 1878 Vaughan was elected clerk of the criminal court of Shelby County, Tennessee, and was re-elected in 1882. From 1897 until his death Vaughan was the head of the United Confederate Veterans chapter in Tennessee. Also in 1897 he published his book Personal Record of the Thirteenth Regiment, Tennessee Infantry. He died two years later in Indianapolis, Indiana, and his body was returned to Memphis for burial in the city's Elmwood Cemetery.

See also

List of American Civil War generals (Confederate)

Notes

References
 Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. .
 Peterson, Lawrence K. Confederate Combat Commander: The Remarkable Life of Brigadier General Alfred Jefferson Vaughan Jr. (University of Tennessee Press; 2013) 344 pages; scholarly biography
 Sifakis, Stewart. Who Was Who in the Civil War. New York: Facts On File, 1988. .
 Warner, Ezra J. Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959. .
 Wright, Marcus J., General Officers of the Confederate Army: Officers of the Executive Departments of the Confederate States, Members of the Confederate Congress by States. Mattituck, NY: J. M. Carroll & Co., 1983. . First published 1911 by Neale Publishing Co.

External links
 civilwarreference.com Civil War Reference biography of Vaughan.
 historycentral.com History Central biography of Vaughan.
 vaughan-vaughn.org Vaughan-Vaughn Resource Page 'A' biography of Vaughan.
 vaughan-vaughn.org Vaughan-Vaughn Resource Page 'B' biography of Vaughan.
 vmi.edu Virginia Military Institute archive entry for Vaughan.
 vmi.edu Virginia Military Institute archive entry for William Y.C. Humes.

Confederate States Army brigadier generals
People of Virginia in the American Civil War
People from Dinwiddie County, Virginia
1830 births
1899 deaths
Virginia Military Institute alumni
American planters
Military personnel from Memphis, Tennessee
Burials at Elmwood Cemetery (Memphis, Tennessee)


U.S. Highway 10 (US 10) in North Dakota runs  from Interstate 94 (I-94)/US 52 near West Fargo east through Fargo before crossing the Red River of the North and entering Moorhead, Minnesota. US 10 serves as a primary east–west corridor through the Fargo–Moorhead (Main Avenue) and is concurrent with I-94 Business for its entire length in North Dakota.

Route description

US 10 begins as a four-lane highway with a median at a trumpet interchange with I-94/US 52 (exit 343) just west of West Fargo. Once entering West Fargo, US 10 passes to the north of Bonanzaville, USA, a history museum complex before entering the downtown area of West Fargo. Continuing east, US 10 enters Fargo at its intersection with 45th Street and then intersects I-29/US 81 (exit 65) at a partial cloverleaf interchange  later. East of this interchange, US 10 loses its median but remains two lanes each direction after intersecting 25th Street. After this intersection, US 10 curves slightly southeast and runs along the Northern Transcon railroad tracks, heading into downtown. In downtown Fargo, US 10 passes to the south of the former Fargo station, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. At the east end of downtown Fargo, US 10 intersects 2nd Street at a roundabout before crossing over the Red River of the North and into Moorhead, Minnesota, on the Veterans Memorial Bridge.

All of US 10 in North Dakota is part of the National Highway System, a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by the Federal Highway Administration.

History

Major intersections

References

External links

10
 North Dakota
Transportation in Cass County, North Dakota


Crosseola favosa is a species of minute sea snail or micromollusc, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Conradiidae.

Description
The height of the shell attains 1.65 mm, its diameter 1.4 mm.

Distribution
This species is endemic to Three Kings Islands, New Zealand.

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 List of Mollusca collected; Discovery Reports v.15 (1937); Institute of Oceanographic Sciences (Great Britain)
 New Zealand Mollusca: Crosseola favosa

favosa
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1937


Crosseola errata is a species of minute sea snail or micromollusc, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Conradiidae.

Description
The height of the shell attains 2 mm, its diameter 1.9 mm.

Distribution
This marine species is endemic off Northland, New Zealand.

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 New Zealand Mollusca: Crosseola errata

errata
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1927
Taxa named by Harold John Finlay


Crosseola cuvieriana is a species of minute sea snail or micromollusc, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Conradiidae.

Description
The height of the shell attains 3 mm, its diameter 3.4 mm.

Distribution
This marine species is endemic to Cuvier Island, New Zealand.

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 New Zealand Mollusca: Crosseola cuvieriana

cuvieriana
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1919


Crosseola bollonsi is a species of minute sea snail or micromollusc, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Conradiidae.

Description
The height of the shell attains 4 mm, its diameter 3.3 mm.

Distribution
This species is endemic to the North Cape, New Zealand.

References

 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979

External links
 New Zealand Mollusca: Crosseola bollonsi

bollonsi
Gastropods of New Zealand
Gastropods described in 1956


Food for Life may refer to:

 Hare Krishna Food for Life, a vegan and vegetarian food relief organization
 Yummy Yummy, a TV drama jointly produced by Singapore's SPH and Hong Kong's TVB
 Food for Life, a 2005 cookbook by chef Kevin Thornton
 Food for Life, a 1993 book by vegan activist Neal D. Barnard
 Food for Life, a 1952 book by neurophysiologist Ralph W. Gerard


Major-General Sir Henry Wheatley, 1st Baronet CB, GCH (1777 – 21 March 1852), was the Keeper of the Privy Purse for King William IV and Queen Victoria from 1830 to 1846.

Life
He was the third son of William Wheatley, esq. of Lesney House, in the parish of Erith, Kent, where he was born in 1777, by Margaret, daughter of John Randall, esq. of Charlton, in the same county.

He entered the 1st Battalion of Grenadier Guards in 1795 and served in Holland under Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany, second son of George III.  During this campaign, he was wounded in the neck on 19 September 1798. He was promoted from ensign to lieutenant that year.

In 1807, he served as aide-de-camp to Sir Harry Burrard during the Battle of Copenhagen.  He was also present at the Battle of Vimeiro in 1808, was given a company in 1809, accompanied the Guards to Cadiz in 1810, and was engaged with that corps at Barrosa. He retired from the army in 1812; his rank of Major-General was in the Army of Hanover, and was conferred upon him by King William IV.

In 1830, William made him Keeper of the Privy Purse.  He was also Receiver-General of the Duchy of Cornwall.  Both of these offices remained with him upon the succession of Queen Victoria until his retirement in January 1847.

He was appointed Knight Commander of the Royal Guelphic Order and Knight Bachelor in 1831, promoted to Knight Grand Cross in 1834 and was created a baronet in February 1847, and nominated a Companion of the Order of the Bath of the civil division in 1848.

Family
Wheatley married Louisa, daughter of George Edward Hawkins, serjeant surgeon to King George III on 13 February 1806. They had two sons who died young and five daughters: Georgiana-Louisa; Henrietta-Maria, who died young; Laura-Maria who died in 1841; Mary; and Sophia, Maid of Honour to Queen Adelaide.  He died 21 March 1852 and his baronetcy expired with him.

References
 The Gentleman's Magazine, Vol. 37, page 519. At Google Books.

1777 births
1852 deaths
People from Erith
Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom
Grenadier Guards officers
British Army personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars
British Army personnel of the Napoleonic Wars
Companions of the Order of the Bath
Knights Bachelor


Brendan Shine (born 2 June 1947) is an Irish folk and country singer, television presenter and accordion player from Athlone. He has achieved 40 chart singles in Ireland and 5 Irish number one singles, and is best known for his songs about everyday Irish life, such as "Do You Want Your Old Lobby Washed Down" and "Spuds".

Career
Shine originally started off as a barman. He set up a pub in Baylough in Athlone, across from St. Comans Park, calling it 'Shine's Bar' and it was run by his wife. Shine has recently sold the pub but the name 'Shine's Bar' remains. He now lives in Moore, on the main road to Shannonbridge, in an ordinary, old, two-storey farm house.

Shine has released more than fifty albums and has had over forty-five hit singles. He began his music career by playing in his father's country band while still at school, and also in Kieran Kelly's Ceili Band along with schoolfriend Johnny Dawson (who still performs with Shine in the Brendan Shine Super Band). He originally made his name as an accordionist before taking up singing and becoming one of Ireland's best-known entertainers. In 1971, he topped the Irish charts with "O'Brien Has No Place to Go", which stayed in the charts for five months.

In the 1970s, he recorded a few number one hits in Ireland. These included "Where the Three Counties Meet" (1973), "Abbyshrule" (1974), "All My Roads Lead Back To You" (1976), "How Much Time" (1977), and "Do You Want Your Oul Lobby Washed Down" (1979) which stayed at number one for over six weeks and in the Top 50 for over 40 weeks. Shine performed this song to Pope John Paul II when the Pope visited Ireland.A 1986 single 'You'll Never Go Back' received much radio play despite not charting.

Shine has also presented several television series in Ireland, including Nice and Easy in the 1980s and Shine On as well as appearing on The Late Late Show. In the 1990s, he was a regular guest on The Lyrics Board and performed many of his songs on music shows and chat shows.

In 1998, he released his new single the "Celtic Tiger" which charted just outside the top 20. Shortly after that, his brother, and band leader, Owen Shine died while Brendan was on tour in the UK in Birmingham. Later that year, his daughter Emily Shine joined his band, and he won the World Country Award for the second year running.

In 2004, Shine was banned from driving in the UK for a year after pleading guilty to drink-driving.

In 2007, Shine released his major comeback hit "Grandad" which charted for four weeks in Ireland, peaking at number 24.

In 2009, Shine was subjected to another legal battle which he lost and was fined over €2000 for tax avoidance and failing to apply for income tax.

In 2010, Shine was awarded The Freedom of Roscommon Award (the highest civilian honour in County Roscommon) to recognise over 43 years of musical achievements. He is only the second person to have ever achieved this award.

Shine's latest album, Where Did You Meet Her was released on 16 April 2012, along with a DVD, Lily of the West.

Discography

Albums
Céili House (1973) – Play 1007
This is Brendan Shine (1974) – Play 1009
Country and Irish (1975) – Play
Irish Startime (1978) – Irish Startime 4447
Catch Me If You Can – Play
The Irish Side of Brendan Shine (1980) – Pickwick
Blue Misty Eyes (1982) – Play
New Roads (1982) – Play 1012
Simple Love Songs (1982) – Play 1014
Brendan Shine – Play 1015
Nice and Easy (1983) – Play
My Old Country Home (1983) – Play 1017
With Love (1984) – PlayTV2
Moonshine (1986) – Play 1018
A Picture of My World (1988) – Play
Magic Moments with... (1989) – Stylus 991 – [UK #62]
Always a Welcome (1992) – Avid
I Wanna Stay with You (1995) – Carlton
If You Ever Go Over to Ireland (1996) – Hallmark
I'll Settle for Old Ireland: 18 Country & Irish Favourites (1997) – Hallmark
Lovin' You (1999) – Avid
Far Far Away (2003) – Avid
Soft, Sweet and Warm (2003) – Blitz
With Love (2004) – Am Cheoil – [UK #74]
Shine on 21 (2004) – Am Cheoil
Live at the Circus Tavern (2004) – Am Cheoil
Live at Blazers (2004) – Am Cheoil
At Home in Ireland: 18 Sentimental Songs (2004) – Am Cheoil
At Home (2005) – Am Cheoil
Dear Hearts & Gentle People – Pulse
Like Father, Like Daughter – Intersound
Irish Party Time – Beaumax
Grandad (The First Time I Heard Him Say) & Other Family Favourites
Seasons of the Heart (2008) – Pegasus
Live at Thatch
Rose of Castlerea
Ultimate Country (2011)
Where Did You Meet Her (2012) – [BEA #11]

Notable compilations
The Best of Brendan Shine (1971) – Play 1001
The Brendan Shine Collection (1983) – Play – [UK #51] [UK platinum album]
Memories (1992) – PlayTV3 – [UK #81]
The Very Best Of Brendan Shine (1998) – [Ireland #8]

Videos and DVDs
Brendan Shine – White Star
At Home In Ireland (2007) – Proper Music Distribution
Shine On (2007) – Proper Music Distribution
Live at Blazers (2007) – Proper Music Distribution
Live at the Circus Tavern (2007) – Proper Music Distribution
The Very Best of... (2007) – H and H
Lily of the West (2012)

Singles
"Treat My Daughter Kindly" (1967)
"Ould Ballymoe" (1968)
"High Germany" (1969)
"Tumbling Water" (1970)
"Sailor Boy" (1970) – Play – [Ireland #8]
"A Bunch of Violets Blue" (1970) – Play – [Ireland #6] [Irish Folk Chart #1]
"O'Brien Has No Place to Go" (1971) – [Ireland #1] [Irish Folk Chart #1] [Euro #23)
"Where Three Counties Meet" (1973) – Play – [Ireland #1] [Irish Folk Chart #1]
"I'm Little But There's Lots of Me to Love" (1974) – Play – [Ireland #5] [Irish Folk Chart #1] – (Brendan Shine Superband featuring Johnny Dawson)
"Abbeyshrule" (1974) – Play 75 – [Ireland #1] [Irish Folk Chart #1] [Euro #18]
"(Turn Out the Lights) Love Me Tonight" – Play 90 – [Ireland #11]
"Suzie Brown" (1974) – [Ireland #20] – (with Johnny Dawson and Brendan Shine Superband)
"Far Too Young" – Play – [Ireland #4] [Irish Folk Chart #1]
"Dun Laoghaire " (1975) – Play – [Ireland #6] [Irish Folk Chart #1]
"I'll Be Home" – Play – [Ireland #10]
"Down the Wrong Road Again" – Play 93 – [Ireland #16]
"All My Roads Lead Back to You" (1976) – Play – [Ireland #1] [Irish Folk Chart #1]
"Christmas Time in Ireland" (1976) – [Ireland #5] [Irish Folk Chart #1]
"How Much Time" (1977) – Play – [Ireland #2] [Irish Folk Chart #1]
"Do You Want Your Oul Lobby Washed Down" (1979) – Play – [Ireland #1] [Irish Folk Chart #1] [Euro #25] [UK #54]
"Catch Me If You Can" (1980) – Play – [Ireland #10]
"Carrots" (1980) – Play 140 – [Ireland #10] [Irish Folk Chart #1]
"I Believe in Marriage" – Play – [Ireland #18]
"If the Shoe Fits" – Play – [Ireland #19]
"Doogeens / Place in the Choir" (1981) – Play 141 – [Ireland #25]
"Pub Crawl" (1981) – Play 143
"Some Broken Hearts Never Mend" – [Ireland #5]
"Hey! Louise" (1982) – Play 144 – [Ireland #20]
"The Old Rugged Cross" (1982) – Play 145
"Me Old Bone Shaker" (1982) – Play 146
"My Old Country Home" (1982) – Play 147 – [Ireland #29] [UK #84]
"Rose of Castlerea" (1982) – Play – [Ireland #16]
"The Village Where I Went to School" (1983) – Play 148 [UK #105]
"County Down" (1983) – Play 149 – [UK #78]
"Thank God for Kids" (1983) – Play 150 – [Ireland #25] [UK #78]
"Shine" (1983) – Play
"Nancy Myles" (1984) – Play 151 [UK #124]
"Now I'm Easy (Cocky Farmer)" (1984) – Play 152 [UK #182]
"A Bunch of Violets Blue" (1984) – Play 153 [UK #135]
"Song of the Myra" – Play – [Ireland #19]
"Three Pubs in Bohola" – Play – [Ireland #14]
"Can't Hold Back the Years" (1984) – Play 155 – [Ireland #30] [UK #189]
"Only Our Rivers Run Free" – Play – [Ireland #24]
Four Great Tracks (EP) – Spartan
"Melody for You" (1985) – Play 203 – [Ireland #23] [UK #199]
"You" (1985) – Play
"Loneliness" (1986) – Play 206 – [UK #82]
"You'll Never Go Back" (1986) – Play [UK #124]
"My Son" (1986) – Play – [Ireland #14]
"Moon Shine" (1986) – Play 214
"Song for Maria" (1987) – Play 217 [UK #156]
"Now I'm Sixty Four" – Play 234
"The Bould O'Donaghue" (1987) – Play 240
"Late Late Show" – Play – [Ireland #26]
"If I Dream" – Play – [Ireland #18]
"Do You Want Your Oul Lobby Washed Down (Remix Party Version)"
"Me Uncle Mike" (1988) – Play – (Brendan Shine and His Outhouse Music)[UK #169]
"Magic Moments" (1989) – Play – [UK #62]
"Robinson's Ball" (1990) – Play
"Rinka" (1991) – Play 258 – [Ireland #11]
"Time Marches On" (1992)
"I Wanna Stay with You" (1995)
"One More Chance" – Play 272
"The Celtic Tiger" (1997) – Play – [Ireland #21]
"You'll Never Miss Your Mother" – Play – [Ireland #4]
"Murphy's Dancing Pig" – Play
"Maid with the Bonny Brown Hair"
"March of the High Kings" – Play – [Ireland #8]
"Shoe the Donkey"
"Grandad" (2007) – [Ireland #24] [Irish Folk Chart #1]
"Where Did You Meet Her" (2012)

References

1947 births
Living people
Irish country singers
Irish male accordionists
Irish male folk singers
Irish television presenters
Musicians from County Westmeath
21st-century Irish male singers
20th-century Irish male singers
People from Athlone
Broadcasters from County Westmeath
20th-century Irish accordionists
21st-century Irish accordionists


String drum can refer to:
 Tambourine de Bearn a string drum that looks like a zither
 Lion's roar (instrument), a type of friction drum