The Timothy Reed House is a historic house at 284 Adams Street in Quincy, Massachusetts.  This two-story wood-frame house was built in the 1870s by Timothy Reed, a Boston-based leather merchant.  It is the city's finest Stick style house, with bargeboard gable decoration, and alternating sections of horizontal and vertical siding, set off by trim bands.  Its gable ends are truncated, the eaves are lined with brackets, and the front porch has a low turned balustrade and posts with large brackets.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Quincy, Massachusetts

References

Houses in Quincy, Massachusetts
Queen Anne architecture in Massachusetts
Houses completed in 1875
National Register of Historic Places in Quincy, Massachusetts
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Norfolk County, Massachusetts


Gregory Joseph O'Halloran (born May 21, 1968) is a Canadian former professional baseball catcher.

O'Halloran attended a high school in Mississauga, Ontario which did not field a baseball team; he instead played baseball in competitive summer leagues. As a child, he thought of baseball simply as "something I did in the summer when I wasn't playing hockey."

O'Halloran played college baseball at Orange Coast College in California and accepted a scholarship to continue his college baseball career at Illinois. In advance of the 1988 Major League Baseball draft, he told all interested teams, except for his childhood favorites, the Toronto Blue Jays, that he intended to play at Illinois even if drafted. With their pick in the 32nd round, the Blue Jays selected and signed O'Halloran.

In 1988, he played for the Canada national baseball team at the Baseball World Cup and Summer Olympics.

In November 1993, following the inaugural season of the Florida Marlins, the Blue Jays sold O'Halloran's contract to the Marlins. At the time, he was the fourth player on their catching depth chart behind Pat Borders, Randy Knorr and Carlos Delgado.

He played for the Marlins for 12 games during the 1994 season, serving mostly as a pinch hitter.

His son, Connor, was selected by the Toronto Blue Jays in the fifth round of the 2023 Major League Baseball draft.

References

External links
, or Pelota Binaria (Venezuelan Winter League)

1968 births
Living people
Baseball players from Toronto
Canadian baseball coaches
Canadian expatriate baseball players in the United States
Cardenales de Lara players
Canadian expatriate baseball players in Venezuela
Duluth-Superior Dukes players
Dunedin Blue Jays players
Florida Marlins players
Canadian baseball players
Canadian sportspeople of Irish descent
Knoxville Blue Jays players
Langosteros de Quintana Roo players
Major League Baseball catchers
Major League Baseball players from Canada
Orange Coast Pirates baseball players
Portland Sea Dogs players
St. Catharines Blue Jays players
Canadian expatriate baseball players in Mexico
Baseball players at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Olympic baseball players for Canada


An apostolic exhortation is a magisterial document written by the pope.  Some experts regard it as third in importance among papal documents, after apostolic constitutions and encyclicals. Exhortations generally encourage a particular virtue or activity. Apostolic exhortations are frequently issued following a Synod of Bishops, in which case they are known as post-synodal apostolic exhortations. They do not define Church doctrine and are not considered legislative.

Examples of apostolic exhortations

Pope Pius XII
 Menti nostrae (The sanctity of priestly life, 1950)

Pope Paul VI
 Evangelii nuntiandi (Evangelization in the Modern World, 1975)

Pope John Paul II
 Catechesi tradendae (Catechesis in Our Time, 1979)
 Familiaris consortio (The Christian Family in the Modern World, 1981)
 Christifideles laici (Christ's Faithful People, 1988)
 Ecclesia in America (The Church in America, 1999)
 Ecclesia in Asia (The Church in Asia, 1999)
 Ecclesia in Europa (The Church in Europe, 2003)
 Pastores gregis (For the Hope of the World, 2003)

Pope Benedict XVI
 Africae munus (Africa's Commitment, 2011)
 Sacramentum caritatis (The Sacrament of Love, 2007)
 Verbum Domini (The Word of the Lord, 2010)

Pope Francis
 Amoris laetitia (The Joy of Love, 2016)
 Gaudete et exsultate (Rejoice and Be Glad, 2018)
 Christus vivit (Christ is Alive, 2019)
 Evangelii gaudium (The Joy of the Gospel, 2013)
 Querida Amazonia (Beloved Amazon, 2020), Post-synodal exhortation on the Amazon Region
 Laudate Deum (Praise God, 2023)

References


The Jonathan Dexter Record House is a historic house at 39-41 Grandview Avenue in Quincy, Massachusetts.  This large two-family house was probably built in the 1890s, and is one of the largest and finest Queen Anne houses on Wollaston Hill.  It has classic elements of the style, including a three-story tower with conical roof, asymmetrical massing, and a wealth of varying gables and windows.  Jonathan D. Record, for whom it was built, was a Boston dry plates manufacturer.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Quincy, Massachusetts

References

Houses in Quincy, Massachusetts
Queen Anne architecture in Massachusetts
Houses completed in 1890
National Register of Historic Places in Quincy, Massachusetts
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Norfolk County, Massachusetts


Events in the year 1884 in Norway.

Incumbents
Monarch: Oscar II
Prime Minister: Christian August Selmer (impeached)
Prime Minister: Christian Homann Schweigaard (April to June)
Prime Minister: Johan Sverdrup

Events
Prime Minister Christian August Selmer is impeached and removed from office.
28 January – The Liberal Party is founded.
10 February – Jon Hol is imprisoned for his pamphlet Rifleringen.
3 April – April ministerium begins.
26 June – Christian Homann Schweigaard's ministerium ends.
Norwegian Association for Women's Rights (Norsk Kvinnesaksforening) is founded.
 Women in Norway are allowed to study.

Arts and literature
The Wild Duck by Henrik Ibsen is written.

Births

January to June

8 January – Nils Andresson Lavik, politician (died 1966)
9 January – Sigge Johannessen, gymnast and Olympic silver medallist (died 1974)
15 January – Anton Aure, bibliographer (died 1924).
24 January – Jens Lunde, politician (died 1974)
9 February – Conrad Carlsrud, gymnast, track and field athlete and Olympic silver medallist (died 1973)
13 February – Halfdan Bjølgerud, high jumper (died 1970)
21 February – Ole Iversen, gymnast and Olympic silver medallist (died 1953)
29 February – Haakon Lie, forester and writer (died 1970).
27 March – Oscar Guttormsen, athlete (died 1964)
31 March – Arne Magnussen, politician
26 April – Sigurd Mathisen, speed skater and world champion (died 1919)
7 June – Birger Ljungberg, politician (died 1967)

July to September
6 July – Thorleif Petersen, gymnast and Olympic gold medallist (died 1958)
10 July – Olav Nygard, poet (died 1924)
26 July – Trygve Pedersen, sailor and Olympic bronze medallist (died 1967)
31 July – Kristian Løken, military officer (died 1961)
23 August – Olaf Syvertsen, gymnast and Olympic silver medallist (died 1964)
31 August – Didrik Arup Seip, linguist and professor (died 1963)
6 September – Sven Elvestad, journalist and author (died 1934)
16 September – Kristian Fjerdingen, gymnast and Olympic gold medallist (died 1975)

October to December

17 October – Klara Semb, folklorist (died 1970).
25 October – Eivind Berggrav, Lutheran bishop (died 1959)
12 November – Leif Grøner, banker and politician (died 1971)
13 December – Otto Olsen, rifle shooter and Olympic gold medallist (died 1953)
18 December – Ole Aanderud Larsen, ship designer and businessperson (died 1964)
30 December – Eugen Ingebretsen, gymnast and Olympic gold medallist (died 1949)

Full date unknown
Gustav Berg-Jæger, journalist and Nazi collaborator (died 1957)
Lars Christensen, shipowner and whaling magnate (died 1965)
Sigurd Eriksen, painter (died 1976)
Adolf Indrebø, politician (died 1942)
Lars Knutsen, shipowner (died 1963)
Arnold Rørholt, military officer (died 1961)

Deaths
27 February – Jo Gjende, outdoorsman and freethinker (born 1794)
3 September – Christian Jensen, politician and Minister (born 1823)

Full date unknown
Adolph Frederik Munthe, politician and Minister (born 1817)
Ole Hovelsen Mustad,  businessperson and politician (born 1810)
Frederik Stang, lawyer, public servant and politician, Norway's first Prime Minister (born 1808)

See also

References


Patrick Jane is a fictional character and the protagonist of the CBS crime drama The Mentalist, portrayed by Simon Baker. Jane is an independent consultant for the California Bureau of Investigation, and helps by giving advice and insight from his many years as a fake psychic medium. He uses his keen powers of observation, his knowledge of psychology, and his genius to help lead the investigations.

Heller describes the character as being a combination of a Sherlock Holmes and a street psychic, part detective helping people and part con-artist selling people lies. Wanting the character to have both physical and spiritual grace, Heller imagined someone like Cary Grant for the role.

Character background
Patrick Jane is a consulting member of the CBI (California Bureau of Investigation) crime fighting unit. He is unconventional and commonly defies police procedure, often acting without apparent empathy for suspects or families suffering losses.

His past is revealed slowly through five of the show's seven seasons. The revelations come through flashbacks and Jane's statements. In the episode "Throwing Fire" it is revealed that Jane was raised by a swindler father who included his young son in his carnival psychic act, touting Jane as "the boy wonder". Jane never went to school, as revealed in the episode "Rose-Colored Glasses".

He married Angela Ruskin, who was from a similar background, her family being members of a traveling carnival and "carnival royalty". The couple had a daughter, Charlotte. According to The Mentalist Code (2013), Charlotte Jane was named after two films written by the father of Bruno Heller, Lukas Heller: Hush...Hush, Sweet Charlotte and Whatever Happened to Baby Jane?.

Prior to working at the CBI, Jane suffered a nervous breakdown due to guilt over the death of his family. He has kept the incident a secret from his CBI co-workers, and it is not in his records.

Jane uses his mentalist abilities to solve crimes, but his main objective is to find Red John. He has stated that he plans to kill Red John rather than to commit him to legal incarceration, though his direct supervisor, Teresa Lisbon, appears to doubt his sincerity in this regard.

Jane initially joined the CBI one year after the death of his wife and daughter. The season 5 episode "Red Dawn" revealed Jane originally came to the CBI in an attempt to gain access, as a civilian, to the Red John case files. He was discouraged from doing so, but when assaulted by a then-agent of the CBI, Stephen Hannigan, he was allowed to look at the files out of an attempt to appease him and avoid a lawsuit. He became engaged in a then-current investigation of Lisbon and her team, managed to solve the case using his unique abilities, and as a result was employed as a consultant by then-CBI Head Virgil Minelli.

Two years after the events of "Red John", Jane resides in an unnamed Spanish-speaking island (most likely in Venezuela), eventually agreeing to return to the U.S. as a consultant for the FBI in exchange for his charges being dropped, on the condition that Lisbon works with him.

Relationship with Red John
Jane has suggested on a number of occasions that he considers Red John's death or capture to be a higher priority than his own life. In turn, Red John appears to hold a similar obsession with Jane, to the point of risking capture for the purpose of observing him. In the episode "His Red Right Hand", he is described as being similar to Jane in his ability to "see through people". Red John has a CBI team murdered with help from a mole on the inside, just so he can have Jane back on his case.

During the second-season finale, Jane and Red John finally meet. However, Jane is unable to see Red John's face because it is hidden by a rubber mask, and Jane is tied to a chair. Ironically, Red John saves Jane from three students who have committed Red John copycat crimes and are about to kill Jane.

At the end of the third-season finale, Jane meets a man whom he believes is Red John. During their conversation, "Red John" encourages Jane to forget about him, and says that seeking vengeance is a waste of his valuable life. Patrick asks if he is the real Red John, to which the man gives detailed comments about Patrick's wife and daughter. When "Red John" attempts to walk away after their brief talk, Jane shoots him with a handgun, then sits down and waits to be arrested. It is revealed in season 4 that the man Jane shot was an imposter, and Red John remains at large.

In the fourth season finale, Red John extends a hand of friendship to a distraught and derelict Jane, believing that Jane has lost all hope and has lost his way in life.  Jane, however, has contrived his own nervous breakdown in order to draw out his adversary. Jane meets with Red John inside a limousine, unable to see his face. Red John proposes his offer for friendship yet again, but Jane replies, "Go to hell". Later, the FBI closes in on the vehicle, arresting Red John's friend Lorelei Martins, but discovering Red John was never in the limousine and was communicating via a burner phone attached to the kidnapped Luther Wainright, who is inadvertently killed.

In season 5, Jane becomes determined to discover Red John's identity. In episode 16, he reveals that he will do anything to get to Red John. In episode 8, Lorelei Martins accidentally reveals to Jane that he has already shaken hands with Red John. Although Jane doesn't identify Red John in season 5, in the finale, in a pre-mortem video, Red John delivers a message via the now dead Lorelei Martins. This video reveals the final seven Red John suspects and predicted how Jane would come across the video nearly two months after its filming; having done that, she reveals Red John's prediction of Jane's suspect list, which matches Jane's actual list exactly.

In season 6 of the series, Jane finally tracks down Red John and, in a gambit exploiting Red John's fear of birds, manages to shoot him. Though Red John briefly gets away, Jane ultimately apprehends him. To go through with his revenge, he strangles Red John to death.

A symbolic relationship also exists between the two. They represent The Tyger and The Lamb by William Blake. They are a part of a "fearful symmetry" that expresses itself in the actual drama of the series and in a secret code that presents itself covertly throughout the series.

Relationship with Teresa Lisbon
Since the beginning of the show, Jane is shown to care deeply about Lisbon, who is not only his supervisor, but, in the final season, his eventual wife. Throughout the series they are shown to have a very close relationship and trust each other. Bruno Heller has stated that some people interpret the relationship between the two characters as romantic while others view it merely as a brother-sister type of bond.

In the sixth season, Lisbon gets engaged to FBI agent Marcus Pike, which causes Jane to realize his true feelings for her. In the season finale, "Blue Bird," Patrick openly admits his love for Teresa and at the end of the episode, they finally kiss. Lisbon consequently breaks off her engagement to Pike.

In the seventh season of "The Mentalist," Jane and Lisbon start a romantic relationship. However, at Teresa's request, they keep their love affair secret from their team members.

In the series finale, White Orchids, Jane proposes to Lisbon and she tearfully accepts. In a simple ceremony, Patrick and Teresa exchange vows in front of family and friends, on the land Jane has purchased for their future home. At the end of the episode, Teresa turns to Patrick and says, "There's something I need to tell you". Patrick looks down to see Teresa's hand on her belly. He is rapt with joy as Teresa confirms she is pregnant with the newlyweds' first child together.

Appearance and personality

Personal style

Jane characteristically wears a three-piece suit with no tie (though in flashback episodes, pre-CBI, he does wear the tie), and the same brown, leather shoes. His wearing of the suit with the vest has been explained by the show's creator, Bruno Heller, as follows:

Jane wears the same brown, scuffed leather shoes in each episode. In the episode "Not One Red Cent" in season 5, he finally has them re-soled.

Jane drives a pristine condition Citroën DS 21 Pallas.

Midway through season 6, and after the death of Red John, Jane's appearance changes. He stops wearing his characteristic vests, though he wears battered suits and his scruffy shoes. Also, he changes his vehicle to the 1985 Airstream 270.

In the fourth episode of season 7, Jane decides to wear the vest again and continues wearing it until the end of the series.

Skills and abilities
Patrick Jane has a wide range of skills and abilities. He's a "Jack of All Trades" so to speak.

Jane was once a fake psychic and used skills of cold reading, and hot reading. However, since he began work with the CBI he switched to more honest, psychological methods of reading people.

Apart from his main ability of reading people he has a knowledge physiognomy and reading micro-expressions. He also occasionally reads pulses to detect lies.

Jane is great at hypnosis, a skill he uses to get suspects to confess to their crimes, and witnesses to remember things that they saw.

He also has an incredible memory. His main technique is the memory palace. He uses his memory palace to recall massive bodies of information.

Jane is a showman with skills in sleight of hand and magic, as well as pickpocketing and lock picking. He will occasionally use these skills when solving crimes, but they are rarely useful.

Jane is also good at chess, card games (especially poker), backgammon, pool, and pinball although these skills almost never aid in solving crimes.

Personality
Jane's personality has undergone a dramatic change since the death of his family. Though the season 2 episode "Throwing Fire" shows a teenage Jane tutored by an unscrupulous father, the young Jane seems to have nevertheless had somewhat of a conscience. However, in his adult life as a "mentalist", he has been shown to have manipulated and conned numerous people for profit. In his mentalist heyday, this brought him both a great deal of money (enough to buy a house in Malibu) and a certain amount of fame (his photo can be seen gracing the cover of framed magazines in his home at the time). The season 4 episode "Fugue in Red", where Jane partially loses his memory as a result of a near drowning, reveals to some degree the selfishness and amorality of the pre-CBI Jane. This prompts fellow CBI agent Kimball Cho (Tim Kang) to remark to his CBI colleagues, "Don't take this the wrong way, but the death of Jane's family made him a better person."

Jane is camera shy, and often expresses reluctance to be interviewed or otherwise filmed, presumably another change in personality since his heyday as a television mentalist. He also consciously avoids situations where he will be thanked (e.g. by a murder victim's family when the culprit is apprehended) or made the center of attention.

Jane has been shown to have an affinity for and unusually good rapport with children. On multiple occasions he befriends them and addresses them with empathy. Conversely, he has little regard for figures of authority, and often expresses himself to such individuals brusquely or even rudely.

Despite his obsession with finding Red John and his anguish and guilt over the loss of his family, Jane occasionally behaves in a spontaneous, even lighthearted fashion, expressing delight in simple pleasures such as open air, music, and natural beauty. Heller has stated, of Jane's temperament: "(Jane) is on the surface a happy person and kind of graceful and light. The idea is to show that grace and lightness is an act of heroism; it's not simple-minded happiness. It's a conscious decision he is making to live his life positively."

Jane appears to have a strong aversion to violence. When threatened or attacked, his first response is always to run away or hide behind his colleagues, and when he is actually struck or beaten he does not retaliate. Despite this apparent pacifism, he does use violence when he considers it absolutely necessary. As of season 6, Jane has killed four men. Jane shoots the first, police officer Dumar Hardy, with a shotgun in the episode "Red John's Footsteps", in order to save Lisbon's life. He throws down the shotgun immediately afterward, visibly shocked by his actions. In the season three finale "Strawberries and Cream Part II" Jane shoots with a pistol a man he believes to be Red John himself, though it is later revealed the man's name was Timothy Carter and he was merely an impersonator. In the episode "Red John" (season 6), Jane finally exacts his revenge on Red John, shooting him with a pistol before chasing him down and strangling him to death.  In the process he kills Oscar Cordero, Red John's henchman, by shooting him as he rushes into the church to save Red John.

Jane has expressed a dislike of coffee, but drinks tea in nearly every episode. He appears to have basic computer literacy but typically expresses no interest in using such technology. In one episode, he asks Grace Van Pelt to "bigify" something on the computer, meaning to zoom in.

Reception

Simon Baker has been nominated for several awards for his portrayal of Jane, including the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor – Drama Series, a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Television Series Drama, and a Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series. Patrick Jane was also included in TV Guides list of "TV's Sexiest Crime Fighters".

References

The Mentalist characters
Atheism in television
Fictional characters from California
Fictional American police detectives
Fictional con artists
Fictional murderers
Fictional tricksters
Fictional consultants
Fictional hypnotists and indoctrinators
Television characters introduced in 2008
Fictional stage magicians
Fictional characters based on Sherlock Holmes


There's Nothing to Worry About! is a British television series that ran on ITV Granada in 1982. The sketch comedy show was the first screen collaboration between the comedy duo Fry and Laurie (Stephen Fry and Hugh Laurie). Other cast members include Emma Thompson, Ben Elton, Paul Shearer and Siobhan Redmond.

The show was designed by ITV as an answer to the popular BBC series Not the Nine O'Clock News. Rik Mayall was initially approached to star, but he dropped out. Three episodes of the show were produced and it was only broadcast in Granada Television's ITV region (North West England). The same cast was then used for the sketch show Alfresco (1983–4), albeit with Shearer replaced by Robbie Coltrane, which ran for two series nationwide. There's Nothing to Worry About effectively worked as a pilot for Alfresco and several sketches from the former were reproduced in the latter.

References

External links

1980s British television sketch shows
1982 British television series debuts
1982 British television series endings
English-language television shows
ITV comedy
ITV sketch shows
Television series by ITV Studios
Television shows produced by Granada Television


The Mall of Monroe, formerly known as Frenchtown Square Mall, is an enclosed shopping mall in Frenchtown Charter Township in the U.S. state of Michigan.  It is located just north of the city of Monroe along North Monroe Street (M-125). Opened in 1988, the mall features more than thirty tenants and a church. The mall is managed by Cafaro Company of Youngstown, Ohio. The mall's anchor stores are Planet Fitness, Phoenix Theatres, and Domka Outdoors. There are 4 vacant anchor stores that were once Target, Sears, and Pat Catan's.

History

Frenchtown Square Mall opened in 1988 on M-125 (Monroe Street) north of Monroe, in Frenchtown Charter Township. Its original anchor stores included the first Phar-Mor discount pharmacy in Michigan, as well as JCPenney, Sears, Hills, and Elder-Beerman. Hills closed in 1993 and was replaced with Target, while the closure of Phar-Mor in 1995 made way for an Elder-Beerman home store, as well as an OfficeMax which did not open out into the mall. Old Navy was eventually added as well.

OfficeMax closed in the early 2000s. JCPenney closed in 2004 and was replaced two years later by Steve & Barry's. The mall's Regal Cinemas movie theater complex was closed in August 2007, but re-opened three months later under the management of Phoenix Theatres. Steve & Barry's closed in late 2008, as did Old Navy. Sears announced the closure of the Mall of Monroe store in late 2011.

Cafaro announced $2 million renovation plans for the mall in 2009. Among the renovation plans, the former Old Navy was replaced with a clothing store called Wear District, and the mall was renamed The Mall of Monroe. Also, both Elder-Beerman stores were re-branded as Carson's. An expo center opened in 2013, replacing the former JCPenney/Steve & Barry's. Planet Fitness replaced the vacant OfficeMax in 2014. The expo center was closed in 2014 and replaced with a Pat Catan's craft store, which moved from an existing location in Monroe. Target announced in late 2014 that it would close the Mall of Monroe store in early 2015. In late 2015, Family & Friends Funland opened in the former Old Navy. In 2016, Phoenix Theatres added 4 screens, eliminating the food court.  In 2018, both Carson's stores closed as part of a chainwide liquidation. In 2019, Monroe City Church opened in the former Carson's Home Store. In addition, Pat Catan's closed in September 2019 with no plans to reopen as a Michael's. In 2019, River Raisin Crossfit opened in a space near the former Target previously occupied by Dunham's Sports and rue21, and in 2020, Leviathan, a local marketing company, will occupy the spaces between the former Target and Pat Catan's.

In 2021 the former Target location was sold to Richmond Main LLC which will use the building for an auto parts business.

Frenchtown Square Partnership v. Lemstone, Inc.
In 2003, the mall partnership sued Lemstone Books, a Christian bookstore chain, which had closed its store at the mall six months before the termination of its lease. In those six months, the chain did not pay rent. Lemstone had also claimed that another gift store in the mall had caused declining sales at the Frenchtown Square store.

References

External links
Official website

Buildings and structures in Monroe County, Michigan
Shopping malls in Michigan
Shopping malls established in 1988
Cafaro Company
Tourist attractions in Monroe County, Michigan
1988 establishments in Michigan


Property Virgins is a reality television series produced by Cineflix. The show portrays the experiences of prospective first-time home buyers, or "property virgins". The host of the show coaches first-time home buyers to adjust their dream home vision to a more realistic one that fits the market and their budget.

The program originated on HGTV Canada in March 2006 and expanded to HGTV in the United States in its second season. The program was hosted by Sandra Rinomato, a Toronto-based real estate expert, from its inception until 2011, and is now hosted by Egypt Sherrod, the founder of The Egypt Sherrod Real Estate Group. The series celebrated its 200th episode in March 2014, with Egypt Sherrod as the host.

Show information

Season one of Property Virgins focused exclusively on home buyers in the Greater Toronto Area. Subsequent seasons of the show have included both Toronto and major metropolitan areas in the United States, such as Dallas, Cincinnati, Miami, Washington, D.C., Richmond, Austin, New Jersey, Philadelphia, Boston, and San Diego.

Each episode runs 30 minutes, including commercials. At the beginning of each show, the host meets the prospective buyers in their desired neighborhood and asks them to guess the value of a house they like. The value of that house is usually above the customers' price range, prompting the host to reassure them that she will try to find a home in another neighborhood that meets the buyers' desired criteria. She usually asks the buyers to list some of the features they want in their new home, in order to give her a better idea of what to look for.

In a voice-over, the host briefly describes the neighborhood of the property she is about to show, then tells the viewer the square footage and asking price of the home. She meets her clients at the property for sale, then sends them in to tour the house. After they have toured the house, she answers their questions and asks them to guess the price. In most episodes, the clients are shown touring three different properties.

If the clients choose to purchase one of the properties, the host helps them decide on an offer and negotiate a contract. She also helps her clients understand other aspects of home buying and ownership, such as bidding wars, homeowners' association fees, down payments, closing costs, home inspections, and even renovations. The closing process, however, is not shown.

Not all potential buyers on the show purchase a home. A few of them decide to postpone home ownership, either because of relationship problems, financial issues, or other reasons.

Episodes
There are some differences between the Canadian and U.S. airings for this show. Since it is a Canadian show, the following episode lists follow the Canadian season designations, episode numbers, titles and airdates. Alternate U.S. info is given where known.

Season 1 (2006-07)
 Note: This season was filmed around Toronto

Season 2 (2007)
 Note this season was filmed around Toronto, Dallas, and Cincinnati

Season 3 (2008)
 Note: This season was filmed around Miami, Toronto, Washington, D.C., and Richmond

Season 4 (2009-10)
 Note: This season was filmed around Toronto, Austin, New Jersey, Philadelphia, and Boston

Season 5 (2010)
 Note: This season was filmed around Miami and San Diego

Season 6 (2011)
 Note: This season was filmed around Toronto

Season 7 (2011)
 Note: This season was filmed around Toronto

Season 8 (2012)

References

 [EgyptSherrodRealEstate.com]

External links
Property Virgins on HGTV Canada
Property Virgins on HGTV US
Property Virgins on LifeStyle Home

HGTV (Canada) original programming
2000s Canadian reality television series
2006 Canadian television series debuts
2010s Canadian reality television series
Television series by Cineflix


Events in the year 1984 in Norway.

Incumbents
 Monarch – Olav V
 Prime Minister – Kåre Willoch (Conservative Party)

Events

 20 January – Arne Treholt was arrested on suspicion of spying for the Soviet Union.
 17 July – The first baby conceived in Norway by artificial insemination is born at the Regional Hospital of Trondheim.
 1 September – NRK P2 begins its radio broadcasts from Trondheim.

Popular culture

Sports
 The 1984 Norwegian Football Cup was won by Fredrikstad after beating Viking 3–2 in the final.

Music

 Live at Jazz Alive, live album by Thorgeir Stubø

Film

Literature
 Simen Skjønsberg, journalist and writer, is awarded the Gyldendal's Endowment literature prize.

Notable births

 3 January – Rannveig Aamodt, rock climber
 4 January – Trond Bersu, musician
 16 January – Line Jahr, ski jumper
 5 February – Trond Olsen, footballer
 20 February – Mari Kvien Brunvoll, folk and jazz singer
 26 February – Espen Ruud, footballer
 26 April – Andrea Rydin Berge, jazz musician
 6 May – Gard Kvale, swimmer.
 25 May – Marion Raven, singer-songwriter
 28 May – Ina Wroldsen, singer-songwriter
 29 May – Jo Berger Myhre, musician
 13 June – Anna Ljunggren, politician
 18 June – Frida Ånnevik, jazz singer
 8 July – Jo Skaansar, jazz musician
 15 July – Linn Jørum Sulland, handball player.
 19 July – Lasse Gjertsen, animator, musician, and videographer
 27 July – Cecilie Myrseth, politician
 14 August – Kristoffer Kompen, jazz musician
 14 August – Marius Arion Nilsen, politician.
 12 November – Einar Riegelhuth Koren, handball player
 17 November – Erik Solbakken, television presenter
 26 September – Martin Johnsrud Sundby, cross-country skier.
 27 November – Jon Kristian Fjellestad, organist and composer
 28 November – Richard Colman, Australian Paralympic athlete (born in Stavanger, Norway)
 27 December – Jørgen Mathisen, jazz musician

Notable deaths

 10 January – Thoralf Strømstad, Nordic skier and Olympic silver medallist (born 1897)
 20 January – Hagbart Haakonsen, cross country skier (born 1895)
 24 January – Egil Halmøy, politician (born 1901)
 1 February – Hans Vinjarengen, skier, Olympic silver medallist and World Champion (born 1905)
 13 February – Fartein Valen-Sendstad, historian and museologist (born 1918).
 4 March – Odd Bang-Hansen, novelist and children's writer (born 1908)
 9 March – Kristian Johansson, ski jumper (born 1907)
 25 March – Martin Stokken, cross country skier and Olympic silver medallist, athlete (born 1923)
 5 April – Lillemor von Hanno, actress and writer (born 1900).
 14 April – Anders Haugen, ski jumper (born 1888)
 22 April – Erling Nilsen, boxer and Olympic bronze medallist (born 1910).
 23 April – Ivar Johansen, bobsledder (born 1910).
 26 April – Helge Løvland, decathlete and Olympic gold medallist (born 1890)
 21 May – Randi Bakke, pair skater (born 1904)
 6 July – Johan Lauritz Eidem, politician (born 1891)
 29 July – Erling Johan Vindenes, politician (born 1900)
 24 August – John Johnsen, swimmer (born 1892)
 4 September – Ragna Johanne Forsberg, politician (born 1908)
 4 September – Bjarne Johnsen, gymnast and Olympic gold medallist (born 1892)
 6 September – Leiv Kreyberg, pathologist (born 1896).
 9 September – Gunnar Jamvold, sailor and Olympic gold medallist (born 1896)
 20 September – Frithjof Bettum, jurist and politician (born 1900)
 22 October – Sverre Østbye, Nordic skier (born 1889)
 23 October – Hans Karolus Ommedal, politician (born 1901)
 4 November – Lars Amandus Aasgard, politician (born 1907)
 20 November – Trygve Bratteli, politician and twice Prime Minister of Norway (born 1910).

Full date missing
 Henrik Edland, veterinarian (born 1905)
 Rolf Gammleng, violinist and organizational leader (born 1898).
 Magnhild Haalke, novelist (born 1885)
 Mikkel Ødelien, soil researcher (born 1893)
 Petter Pettersson, Jr., politician (born 1911)
 August Schou, historian (born 1903)
 Reidar Fauske Sognnaes, Dean of Harvard School of Dental Medicine, forensic scientist (born 1911)

See also

References

External links


Rowland Scherman is an American photographer.

Rowland Scherman was born in New York in 1937. He studied at Oberlin College, and was dark room apprentice at Life magazine. He was the first photographer for the newly formed Peace Corps in 1961.  His photographs appeared in Life, Look, Time, National Geographic, Paris Match and Playboy, among many others, and he photographed many of the iconic musical, cultural, and political events of the 1960s, including the 1963 Newport Folk Festival, the Beatles first US concert, and Woodstock. He won a Grammy Award in 1968 for his photograph cover of Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits. His published collections include "Love Letters", an alphabet formed by posed dancers, and "Elvis is Everywhere."   He lived in Birmingham, Alabama, and documented Alabama's Highway 11. He now lives on Cape Cod.
 Rowland Scherman describes his day as the official photographer for USIA at the March on Washington, 1963.
In his book, Timeless--photography of Rowland Scherman, Scherman shows and comments on some of his most famous pictures.

A documentary movie was made about Rowland Scherman by Chris Szwedo, called Eye on the Sixties; it has been shown on public television and at the Smithsonian.

References

External links

 Official website
 Eye on the Sixties

Living people
American photographers
Oberlin College alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)


Compact Wind Acceleration Turbines (CWATs) are a class of wind turbine that uses structures to accelerate wind before it enters the wind-generating element.
The concept of these structures has been around for decades but has not gained wide acceptance in the marketplace.  In 2008, two companies targeting the mid-wind (100 kW-1 MW) marketplace have received funding from venture capital.  The first company to receive funding is Optiwind, which received its series A funding in April 2008, and the second company is Ogin, Inc. (formerly FloDesign Wind Turbine Inc.), which also received its series A funding in April 2008.  Optiwind is funded through Charles River Ventures and FloDesign is funded through Kleiner Perkins. Other CWATs under development include the WindTamer from AristaPower, WindCube, Innowind (conceptual offshore application) and Enflo turbines.

History
CWATs are a new acronym that encompasses the class of machines formerly known as DAWTs (diffuser augmented wind turbines).  The technologies mentioned above all use diffuser augmentation that is substantially similar to previous designs as the primary means of acceleration.
DAWTs were heavily researched by K. Foreman and Oman of Grumman Aerospace in the 1970s and 1980s and Igra in Israel in the 1970s.  At the end of a decade of wind tunnel research and design funded by Grumman, NASA, and the DOE, it was determined that the DAWT system's economics were not sufficient to justify commercialization. In the 1990s the Grumman technology was licensed to a New Zealand company, Vortec Wind. The attempt to commercialize the Vortec 7 in New Zealand from 1998 to 2002 proved it to be economically untenable when compared to the dominant HAWT (horizontal axis wind turbine) technology.

Economics
Ultimately, any wind turbine design must be measured against economic realities.  It must positively answer the question, "is the cost to install and operate the system lower than the cost of other alternatives, including the local electric grid?"  Historically, CWAT/DAWT designs have failed to overcome this hurdle as compared to more conventional HAWT designs. However, there is reason to believe that this equation may be shifting towards these new designs. The two primary drivers of this equation have been the amount of augmentation and the structural implications of these additional design elements.

Augmentation
The first factor regards power increase and the method of comparison used by DAWT (and more recently CWAT) designers to determine whether the system is worth developing. Grumman and other attempts to commercialize these machines compare their machines to HAWTs based on a rotor area to rotor area comparison. As Van Bussel of Delft (The Science of Making More Torque from Wind: Diffuser Experiments and Theory Revisited, G.J.W. van Bussel, Delft, 2007) pointed out, this is an inaccurate comparison and the comparison of power multiples should be made on the basis of the exit area of the diffuser or shroud not the rotor area. Grumman claimed a 4× increase over an unshrouded turbine based on an acceleration of 1.6 times the ambient wind velocity (An Investigation on Diffuser Augmented Turbines, D.G. Philips, 2003 (reference materials compiled from K.M. Foreman)). A 1.6 acceleration is in fact 2.6 times the power of a HAWT if the ratio of the shrouded rotor to the exit area is 1.6. If however the rotor to exit area ratio is 2.75 (as it was in the Grumman case), the actual power increase over a HAWT with the same swept area as the diffuser exit area is only 1.4× the power (a Cp of .34 related to the exit area, slightly better than a small unducted wind turbine and significantly worse than utility scale wind turbine Cp's). Given that the DAWTs with this ratio have roughly a solidity of 60+% when the blades and the diffuser are accounted for and the solidity of the HAWT is roughly 10%, the cost and amount of material needed to produce the 40% gain outweighs the increase in power.

Structural Implications
Second is the structural requirement in terms of resisting overturning and bending in extreme wind events which all wind turbines must be designed for in accordance with the IEC 61400 series of standards (IEC) . The DAWT structure typically has poor drag characteristics (see D.G. Philips). That combined with higher solidity can lead to substantially greater structural costs than a HAWT in the support structure, the yaw bearing, and the foundation, when using conventional monopole designs.  However, the advent of new tower designs, flange geometries and foundation systems appear to be successfully challenging these historical norms but if so then these advances can be equally well applied to improving the economics of conventional HAWT designs.

Optiwind
In the case of Optiwind (now defunct), there appears to be a growing body of evidence that they believe have solved for both the acceleration and economic challenges posed by CWAT/DAWT designs.  Where previous attempts at new designs in this category have focused purely on acceleration magnitude, Optiwind appears to have taken a more holistic approach to their design, considering cost as much as acceleration benefit.  In addition, the ongoing operational and maintenance cost of the entire unit appears to be successfully addressed in this design.  It is absent the significant cost drivers of HAWT systems - large composite blades, gearbox, yaw motor, pitch control, lubrication, etc. In addition, the novel foundation geometry appears to have mitigated the structural challenges of the conventional monopole foundation design, which was originally conceived to offset the counter-rotational effects ("wobbling") of large, three blade turbines.  As such, it is reasonable to assume that Optiwind's holistic approach to systemwide costs have led to a series of designs and discoveries that can realistically deliver the economic advantages of accelerated wind at a cost that is less than the net system cost.  This is accurate if the Optiwind system is compared to a HAWT purely on rating.  The problem therein is, if one compares the Optiwind design based on its stack height (the distance from its lowest turbine to the highest turbine) to a traditional HAWT of the same diameter, the overall power output of the machine is 20% less than that of the HAWT, with all the attendant material and structural expenses generally associated with a CWAT/DAWT.  On average a CWAT/DAWT system would need to produce at least 2-3 times the energy a HAWT could produce from the maximum area used by the CWAT/DAWT in order to offset the substantially larger material costs.  There is no evidence yet that there are any DAWT/CWAT designs capable of this level of increase when compared on an apples to apples basis with HAWT's.

Ogin (formerly FloDesign Wind Turbine)
Ogin's MEWT (mixer-ejector wind turbine, another CWAT variation) is differentiated from previous DAWT's by using a lobed two stage diffuser (Grumman and Vortec machine were also two stage, but conical instead of lobed) to equalize the pressure over the exit area of the diffuser. The theory is that creating a uniform pressure distribution with the lobes and the injection of external flow will prevent boundary layer separation in the diffuser thereby allowing the maximum acceleration through rotor. Werle and Presz's (Flodesign's chief scientists) paper, AAIA technical note Ducted Water/Wind turbines revisited - 2007, details the theory behind their design. Maximum acceleration detailed in their paper is 1.8× the ambient velocity from which they derive that 3 times more power is available at the rotor than for an unshrouded turbine. When referred to exit area this multiple drops to parity with the HAWT power. Ogin's turbine based on released images and CAD's appears to be substantially similar to the Vortec and Grumman machines except for the lobed inner annulus.  This would indicate that its drag characteristics can be expected to be similar.  Newer information on the Ogin website (www.oginenergy.com) shows the lobes flattened out into 2D panels. A number of Ogin wind turbines have been taken down after less than six months, for undisclosed reasons.

Performance
The science of wind acceleration around a structure, as well as the vortex shedding benefits of a shroud/diffuser, are well understood and tested.  From Bernoulli forward, science has substantially vetted these concepts and there is general academic consensus as to their veracity and their potential impact on wind power production.  DAWT's however have the classic boundary layer separation problem experienced by airfoils at a "stall" angle of attack.  This significantly reduces the acceleration achievable by a DAWT relative to the theoretical rate indicated by its exit to area ratio, per Flodesign paper mentioned above.  It is generally thought that since the amount of power produced by a wind turbine is proportional to the cube of the wind speed, any acceleration benefit is potentially statistically significant in the economics of wind.  As noted though this is an inaccurate as it ignores the impact of the exit to area ratio and is therefore an apples to oranges comparison.  In the case of a typical CWAT/DAWT the power result in perfect theoretical operation once adjusted for the area of the shroud is actually the square of the velocity at the rotor. As the CWAT/DAWT diverges from theoretical function the power increase drops significantly according to the formula derived from mass conservation,

Power ratio DAWT to HAWT = (Athroat/Aintake)(vthroat/vfreestream)3

Power ratio DAWT to HAWT = (1/2.75)(27.5 ms/10 ms)3 = 7.56 increase

So for example, a DAWT operating at theoretical function of 1.8 with a 2.75 area ratio per Flodesign,

Power ratio DAWT to HAWT = (1/2.75)(18 ms/10 ms)3 = 2.12 increase

For the highest claimed velocity increase in a DAWT of 1.6 × freestream,

Power ratio DAWT to HAWT = (1/2.75)(16 ms/10 ms)3 = 1.48 increase

Not significant enough to offset the associated costs.  The problem with optiwind is even more severe since the system only covers a fraction of the swept area available to a HAWT of the stack height.

The challenge has always been, and remains, installing, operating, and maintaining these structures for a cost that is less than the incremental value gained by their presence.  Recent developments in material science, installation methodology and overall system integration have led to the far more realistic view that we are very close to this advent and the dawn of a new, highly sustainable class of wind turbine if the issues elucidated above can be dealt with which still remains highly questionable for the DAWT geometry.

Among the recent DAWT designs that appear to have a definitive positive power, if not cost, comparison to HAWTs is the Enflo turbine. Based on its rotor:exit ratio and the published power performance this turbine appears to have a confirmed 2 times increase in power output over a HAWT of the diameter of the exit area. It is still unlikely that this machine can scale to larger ratings but based on their published data (not confirmed by third party testing) the Enflo appears to be the best performing DAWT/CWAT yet built.

Glossary
 CWAT, Compact wind acceleration turbine
 DAWT, Diffuser augmented wind turbine
 HAWT, Horizontal axis wind turbine
 MEWT, Mixer-ejector wind turbine

See also
Blade solidity

References

Wind turbines


George Patrick O'Neill (21 July 1923 – 2003) was an English footballer who played five games at inside-forward for Port Vale in 1948.

Career
O'Neill played as an amateur with Ellesmere Port Town, before joining Third Division South club Port Vale in November 1948. He made his debut at outside-right in a 2–1 defeat to Notts County at Meadow Lane on 13 November, but broke a toe at his work the following week. He recovered by January the next year, but after failing to nail down a regular spot was released by manager Gordon Hodgson at the end of the 1948–49 season.

Career statistics
Source:

References

1923 births
2003 deaths
Footballers from Liverpool
English men's footballers
Men's association football inside forwards
Port Vale F.C. players
English Football League players


This is a list of companies who produce or have produced digital printers. This list includes only those companies who have actually designed and manufactured printers, not those who have only offered rebadged products.

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

X

xanté

W

Z

References


Schiava del peccato (Slave to Sin) is a 1954 Italian melodrama film directed by Raffaello Matarazzo.

Cast
 Silvana Pampanini as Mara Gualtieri
 Marcello Mastroianni as Giulio
 Irene Genna  as Dina
 Franco Fabrizi as Carlo
 Renato Vicario as Husband of Dina
 Camillo Pilotto as Inspector
 Liliana Gerace as Elena
 Olinto Cristina as Director
 Paul Muller as Voyager
 Dina Perbellini as Miss Cesira
 Maria Materzanini as Maria Grazia Sandri
 Maria Grazia Francia
 Irène Galter
 Laura Gore
 Turi Pandolfini
 Loris Gizzi
 Miranda Campa
 Giorgio Capecchi
 Adriana Danieli
 Mirella Di Lauri
 Franca Dominici
 Checco Durante
 Lia Lena
 Maria Grazia Monaci
 Aldo Pini
 Isarco Ravaioli
 Andreina Zani

References

External links

1954 films
1954 drama films
Italian drama films
1950s Italian-language films
Italian black-and-white films
Films directed by Raffaello Matarazzo
Films about prostitution in Italy
Films scored by Renzo Rossellini
Melodrama films
1950s Italian films


Peter Millar may refer to:

Peter Millar (footballer) (1951–2013), Scottish footballer of the 1970s and 1980s
Peter Millar (journalist) (1955–2023), British journalist, critic and author
Peter Millar (soccer), Scottish-American soccer player of the 1960s and 1970s
Pete Millar (1929–2003), American illustrator, cartoonist, and drag racer
Peter Millar (RAF officer) (born 1942), British air marshal
Peter Millar (clothing company)

See also
Peter Miller (disambiguation)


Albert Decaris (6 May 1901 – 1 January 1988) was a French artist, engraver, painter and Olympic Gold Medallist.

Early life
Decaris was born in Sotteville-lès-Rouen. At age 19, Decaris won the Concours de Rome, which was seen as the premiere award among young French artists at the time. He was elected Fellow of The French Académie des Beaux Arts in 1943.

Career
Decaris was the first illustrator of luxury art books such as  Le Chant de Mon Voyage vers la Grèce by Léon Cathlin, Combourg by Chateaubriand, Les Discours des Misères de ce Temps by Ronsard and Les Destinées by Alfred de Vigny. Decaris joined the infamous group called FVHJ at age 24.

In the 1930s, Decaris began carving postal stamps, resulting in more than 500 such vignettes, for various postal services, notably French and African. Stamp collectors are fond of Decaris' stamps, as well as derivative products: small images or illustrated envelopes sold on the first day a new stamp is emitted.

At the same time Decaris was preparing large plates, mostly for his own pleasure, on a wide variety of subjects: careful (almost technical) representations of monuments and places of interest, scenes of history, real life or imaginary; scenes of mythology or imagination, verging on surrealism; mere caricatures, with a sense of humor. Some are collected in albums, such as The Apocalypse or The Zodiac.

Decaris was one of the best and most meritorious French engravers of the 20th century, with a strange mix of classicism and audacity. As reflected by columnist Yvan Christ, "Decaris' works take place beyond times and styles. They are made for duration." (L'Amateur d'Art, Paris, Feb 1988).

Decaris is also notable for being the last person to ever win an Olympic Gold Medal for Etching and Engraving, with his work The Swimming Pool, at the 1948 Summer Games in London.  After that Olympiad, the artistic medal categories were discontinued.

References

External links
Isabel Boussard-Decaris, Jean-Marc Boussard : Decaris le singulier, Éditions de la Nerthe, Ollioules (France), 2005
Bernard Gontier : Maitre Decaris. Sa vie. Son oeuvre philatélique
Phila N°1, édition spéciale du Monde des philatélistes, Paris (France), 1988

French artists
French stamp designers
1901 births
1988 deaths
Peintres de la Marine
Prix de Rome for engraving
Medalists at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for France
Olympic competitors in art competitions
20th-century engravers


Lawrence Russell Herkimer (October 14, 1925 – July 1, 2015) was an American innovator in the field of cheerleading. He created the Herkie cheerleading jump, which was named after him, and received a patent for the  pom-pom. Herkimer described his contribution to the field as taking it "from the raccoon coat and pennant to greater heights".

He was born in Muskegon, Michigan. As a cheerleader at Southern Methodist University, Herkimer developed what became known as the Herkie by accident while intending to perform a split jump. The move features one arm extended straight up in the air and the other on one's hip, with one leg extended straight out, and the other bent back. At SMU, he formed a national organization for cheerleaders and created a cheerleading-oriented magazine called Megaphone.

Herkimer started his first cheerleading camp in 1948 at Sam Houston State Teachers College (now Sam Houston State University) with 53 participants, funded with $600 he had borrowed from a friend of his father-in-law. By the following year, enrollment had grown to 350 participants. Shortly thereafter, he was making more money from his summer programs than he was teaching the remainder of the year at Southern Methodist, so he gave up teaching and took up the cheerleading business full-time. His camps had as many as 1,500 instructors teaching tens of thousands of students nationwide each summer, and his Cheerleader Supply Company was successfully retailing skirts and sweaters for cheerleading squads.

Herkimer sold his cheerleading camp program in 1986 for $20 million. It was originally purchased by the BSN Corporation, which sold it to the Prospect Group in June 1988, with Herkimer staying on to run the business. By 1990, Herkimer expected the business to bring in $50 million in revenue.

As part of an effort to provide a visually appealing device for cheerleaders, given the advent of color television, his pom-pon with a hidden handle was granted patent 3,560,313 by the United States Patent and Trademark Office in 1971. Herkimer chose the name "Pom pon" after hearing that the word "pompom" had vulgar meanings in other languages.

In 2009, Herkimer lived with his second wife in a large apartment in Aventura, Florida. Still physically active and fit at age 83 — he weighed  on his  frame — he golfed three mornings each week and also exercised at a health club three days weekly. He acknowledged that herkies were no longer a part of his exercise regimen, stating that "I was about 60 when I did my last one", and that it would require "a crane and piano wire [for him] to perform one now".

Herkimer appeared as himself on the September 13, 1965, episode of To Tell the Truth, receiving one of the four possible votes.

Herkimer died of heart failure July 1, 2015, at the age of 89, in Dallas, Texas.

References

1925 births
2015 deaths
Sportspeople from Muskegon, Michigan
Southern Methodist University alumni
American cheerleaders


The 2015 Winter Universiade, the XXVII Winter Universiade, was a multi sport winter event held in Granada, Spain and Štrbské Pleso, Slovakia. On 14 March 2009, FISU announced that the host would be Granada because they were the only bid.

On 25 June 2014, FISU announced that Slovakia would become the co-host of 2015 Winter Universiade. FISU approved to move the Nordic Skiing and Biathlon events to Štrbské Pleso and Osrblie in Slovakia. This decision had been taken to anticipate the difficulties faced by the Granada 2015 Organising Committee in hosting these particular events.

Sports
Four sports took place in Slovakia, from January 24 – February 1. From February 4 – 14, the other sports were contested in Granada.

Granada

Slovakia

Schedule
The competition schedule for the 2015 Winter Universiade is shown as follows:

Štrbské Pleso/Osrblie

Granada

Venues

Granada
 Palacio de Exposiciones y Congresos de Granada — opening ceremony
 Palacio Municipal de Deportes de Granada — men's ice hockey and closing ceremony
 Pabellón de Mulhacén — women's ice hockey
 Pabellón de Universiada — curling
 Sierra Nevada Ski Station - alpine skiing
 Universiade Igloo - figure skating and short track speed skating

Štrbské Pleso and Osrblie, Slovakia
 Štrbské Pleso - cross country skiing, Nordic combined and ski jumping, opening and closing ceremonies
 Osrblie - biathlon

Participants
Following is a list of nations that entered athletes at the Universiade:

  (co-host)

  (co-host)

Combinated Medal table

References

External links
FISU
Universiada de Invierno. Granada 2015
2015 Winter Universiade (Nordic Skiing & Biathlon) Štrbské Pleso/Osrblie, Slovakia
Results book

2015
Universiade
Universiade
Winter Universiade
Winter
Winter
Sport in Granada
Sport in Banská Bystrica Region
Sport in Prešov Region
Multi-sport events in Spain
Multi-sport events in Slovakia
January 2015 sports events in Europe
February 2015 sports events in Europe
Winter sports competitions in Slovakia
January 2015 sports events in Spain
February 2015 sports events in Spain


The 2009–2010 West African meningitis outbreak was an epidemic of bacterial meningitis which occurred in Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, and Nigeria since January 2009, an annual risk in the African meningitis belt. A total of 13,516 people have been infected with meningitis, and 931 have died. Nigeria has been the most adversely affected, with over half of the total cases and deaths occurring in the nation.  The WHO reported on 27 March 2009 that 1,100 had died and there were 25,000 suspected cases.  It is the worst outbreak in the region since 1996, and a third of the world's emergency vaccine stockpile for the bacterial form has been consumed.  The GAVI Alliance has been trying to secure more vaccines.

Background

West Africa is regularly struck by an annual meningitis epidemic, usually affecting between 25,000 and 200,000 inhabitants. However, this epidemic has been the deadliest outbreak since 1996. That year meningitis infected over 100,000 people and killed 10,000 during a three-month period.

According to Doctors Without Borders, up to 400 vaccination teams of five people each immunized thousands of people every day in the region for a few weeks. In total, 2.8 million people were vaccinated in Zinder, Maradi, and Dosso regions in Niger, and 4.5 million people in Katsina, Jigawa, Bauchi, Kebbi, Sokoto, Niger, Zamfara, Kaduna, and Gombe States in Nigeria. Vaccination campaigns continued at some sites in Nigeria for a total of 255,000 people.

Countries affected

Burkina Faso
The outbreak has affected four departments in Burkina Faso: Batié Department, Manni Department, Solenzo Department, and Toma Department. About 15% of those infected have died from meningitis. In addition, a small measles outbreak occurred at the same time as the meningitis epidemic.

Mali
In Mali, 54 people were infected with meningitis, six of whom died.  At the time of the outbreak, several organizations were conducting clinical meningitis vaccine trials.

Niger
The outbreak first began in late January with several cases reported in Zinder Region, in southern Niger. Compared to the meningitis epidemic in 2008, more cases have been reported, but with a lower fatality rate. Five districts in Niger have been seriously affected by the outbreak, and eight others are "on alert," according to the World Health Organization.  A 1 May report from the remote towns of northern Niger described an increasing number of cases blamed on migrant workers from Nigeria and Ghana who travel through the region hoping to gain access to Algeria and Libya, and from there Europe. The Agadez Region directorate of public health report reported 189 cases with 16 death is the Region, 99 cases with 4 deaths in Agadez alone. In the even more remote areas further east, officials in Bilma and Dirkou reported 36 cases but with 10 of them resulting in death.

Nigeria
Nigeria was struck especially hard, with 562 deaths in 9,086 cases. 333 deaths occurred in the country over a three-month period in twenty-two out of thirty-six states. 217 Local Government Areas also reported cases. Nigeria was the most adversely affected,

Several states mounted large meningitis vaccination and information campaigns after the outbreak. Babatunde Osotimehin, the Nigerian Minister of Health said that his nation was prepared for the expected epidemic: "On 3rd September 2008, we alerted all the States in the meningitis belt to intensify surveillance, preposition drugs and laboratory materials and sensitise the public on preventive measures. Indeed, right from August 2008, the Ministry had prepositioned all the states in the meningitis belt with oily chloramphenicol as well as laboratory reagents and materials for confirmation of cases."

See also
 2009 Bolivian dengue fever epidemic
 2009 Gujarat hepatitis outbreak
 2010 Zamfara State lead poisoning epidemic
 Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa
 Ebola virus epidemic in Guinea
 Ebola virus epidemic in Sierra Leone
 Ebola virus epidemic in Liberia
 Ebola virus disease in Mali

References

2009 disease outbreaks
2010 disease outbreaks
2009 in Africa
2009 in Burkina Faso
2009 in Mali
2009 in Niger
2009 in Nigeria
2010 in Africa
2010 in Burkina Faso
2010 in Mali
2010 in Niger
2010 in Nigeria
Meningitis
Disease outbreaks in Burkina Faso
Disease outbreaks in Mali
Disease outbreaks in Niger
Disease outbreaks in Nigeria
2009 disasters in Africa
2010 disasters in Africa


Rufus Zenas Johnston (June 7, 1874 – July 4, 1959) was born in Lincolnton, North Carolina. He graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1895. He received the Medal of Honor for actions at the United States occupation of Veracruz in 1914.  He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery. Johnston is also a recipient of the Navy Cross and served in the Battle of Santiago de Cuba, Boxer Rebellion, Philippine–American War and World War I.

Medal of Honor citation
Rank and organization: Lieutenant Commander Organization: U.S. Navy Born: 7 June 1874, Lincolnton, N.C. Accredited to: North Carolina Date of Issue: 12/04/1915

Johnston was awarded the Medal of Honor citation

For distinguished conduct in battle, engagement of Vera Cruz, 22 April 1914; was regimental adjutant, and eminent and conspicuous in his conduct. He exhibited courage and skill in leading his men through the action of the 22d and in the final occupation of the city.

Family

Johnston was the son of Robert Zenas, who was a Presbyterian minister, and Catherine Caldwell Johnston.

Johnston married Emma Pegram in 1903. The couple had three children: Rufus Zenas, Jr., Elizabeth, and Catherine.

See also

List of Medal of Honor recipients (Veracruz)
List of United States Naval Academy alumni (Medal of Honor)

References

External links

1874 births
1959 deaths
United States Navy Medal of Honor recipients
United States Naval Academy alumni
United States Navy admirals
Recipients of the Navy Cross (United States)
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
Battle of Veracruz (1914) recipients of the Medal of Honor


The R10 was a line of Rodalies de Catalunya's Barcelona commuter rail service, operated by Renfe Operadora. It linked half-hourly Barcelona–El Prat Airport with Barcelona's Estació de França, using the Aragó Tunnel through central Barcelona, calling at Sants and Passeig de Gràcia stations. R10 services spanned  of railway lines and six stations. At the time it suspended services, the trains used on the line were Civia electrical multiple units (EMU).

The direct services between the airport and central Barcelona, previously provided by Barcelona commuter rail service line , had been discontinued on 4 December 2005 due to the construction works of the Madrid–Barcelona high-speed rail line in Barcelona's southern accesses. At that moment, the R1 started operating as a shuttle line between the airport and El Prat de Llobregat railway station. On 22 July 2006, the R10 started services as a newly created line of the Rodalies Barcelona commuter rail system, predecessor of Rodalies de Catalunya, providing a direct rail link between the airport and central Barcelona anew. The construction works of the new Sagrera railway station and the urban renewal project associated with it caused the suspension of the R10 on 31 January 2009. Barcelona commuter rail service line  then took over the service previously offered by the line, incorporating the branch lines to the airport and Estació de França. The R10 was initially scheduled to resume services two years later.

In the long-term future, it is projected that the R10 will be definitely suspended, and the branch line to Estació de França will be dismantled. Barcelona commuter rail service lines  and  will be rerouted in order to serve as the direct rail link between the airport and central Barcelona, using the airport as their southern terminus.

List of stations
The stations served by the R10, in order from south to north, were as follows:

 Airport

 Barcelona Passeig de Gràcia
 Barcelona Estació de França

References

10
Railway services introduced in 2006
Railway services discontinued in 2009


Alfred Cooper (1838–1908) was an English surgeon and clubman.

Alfred or Alf Cooper may also refer to:
 Alfred Cooper (priest) (died 1920), archdeacon of Calgary
 Alfred Heaton Cooper (1864–1929), Victorian artist
 Alfred Edward Cooper (1869–1960), South African cricketer
 Alfred Egerton Cooper (1883–1974), British painter
 Alfred Cooper (cricketer) (1893–1963), South African Test cricketer
 Alfred Cooper (baseball) (1899–1966), American Negro leagues baseball player
 Alf Cooper (born 1932), Irish cricketer and doctor, later emigrated to the United States
 Alfred Cooper (bishop) (born 1950), British-Chilean Anglican bishop
 Alf Cooper (footballer), English footballer; see list of Sheffield Wednesday F.C. players


John Robert Edward Hamilton-Baillie MC (1 March 1919 – 16 April 2003), was a British Royal Engineers officer famed for numerous escapes from German prisoner of war camps during World War II. During his later life he was a founder of the Fortress Study Group, a prominent member of the Concrete Society, and a dedicated fund raiser for the Red Cross.

Early life
John Robert Edward Hamilton-Baillie was born at Carlisle, Cumberland, on 1 March 1919. A scion of the noble Hamilton family, he was descended from the sixth Earl of Haddington. He was educated at Clifton College and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, following which he was commissioned into the Royal Engineers and posted to the 26th Field Company.

Second World War
Hamilton-Baillie's company was mobilised with the 1st Division and sent to France at the start of the war. Shortly afterwards the company was transferred to the 51st (Highland) Infantry Division and stationed in the Saar region to gain experience on the Maginot Line. With the advance of the German forces, Hamilton-Baillie was wounded and captured at Saint-Valery-en-Caux. After recovering from his wounds he was moved to a prison camp at Peronne from which he and another officer escaped but were recaptured after three days. Hamilton-Baillie was moved again to Oflag VII-C at Laufen from which he attempted to escape via a tunnel, but the exit was discovered before the escape could be made.

As a result of his efforts, Hamilton-Baillie was moved to Oflag VII-D at Tittmoning, a medieval castle on an isolated plateau in Bavaria, Germany. Making his next escape alone in spring 1941 he let himself through the wire and walked on foot a distance of almost 200 miles in ten days towards the Swiss border. Unfortunately his map was inaccurate and he was recaptured a matter of yards from freedom.

Shortly after his return to Tittmoning, Hamilton-Baillie was moved to Oflag VI-B at Warburg. In conjunction with the men there a mass escape was planned involving hinged ladders to cross the wire and a tunnel, the escape being covered by fusing of the camp lights and a diversion. Forty one prisoners escaped, three of whom managed to get back to Britain; one escapee died when the tunnel collapsed.

Hamilton-Baillie was next held in Oflag VII-B at Eichstätt in Bavaria. Here he joined a group of tunnellers in a well-organised escape group, helping to build a long well-supported tunnel with forced air ventilation and electric lighting. In June 1943 Hamilton-Baillie and 64 others staged a mass breakout but all were recaptured within two weeks.

Finally, Hamilton-Baillie was moved to Oflag IV-C (Colditz Castle) from which he made a number of attempts to escape but remained incarcerated until liberation by the 69th Infantry Division (United States) in April 1945. In December 1945 he was awarded the Military Cross for his many escape attempts and assistance to other prisoners.

Post war service
After the war Hamilton-Baillie attended Cambridge University, graduating from Sidney Sussex College with a First in Mechanical Sciences. In 1950 he attended Staff College in Camberley and was then posted to the 44th Parachute Brigade as brigade major. This was followed by a series of BAOR postings starting with the command of 5 Field Squadron RE in 1953. In 1959 he became chief instructor of the Army Apprentices School in Chepstow. After a series of senior administrative roles in the Middle East and Germany, his final appointment was as Brigadier Engineer Plans in the Ministry of Defence during which he was aide-de-camp (ADC) to the Queen between 1972 and 1974.

Later life
Hamilton-Baillie retired from the army in 1974 and spent the following 10 years as lecturer in soil mechanics and geology at the Royal Military College of Science, Shrivenham. He was one of the founding members of the Fortress Study Group in 1975 and served as chairman for a number of years. He was also a firm supporter of the Red Cross and a prominent member of the Concrete Society.

Honours and awards
20 December 1945 - Lieutenant John Robert Edward Hamilton-Baillie (85553), Corps of Royal Engineers, is awarded the Military Cross in recognition of gallant and distinguished services in the field.

Notes

References
Telegraph Obituary
NOTE Tittmoning is in Bavaria, not Czech Republic as stated in the Telegraph obituary Tittmoning

Recipients of the Military Cross
People educated at Clifton College
1919 births
2003 deaths
Royal Engineers officers
British Army personnel of World War II
Prisoners of war held at Colditz Castle
British escapees
Alumni of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge
Escapees from German detention
People from Carlisle, Cumbria


Olive Gray (born Olivia Grant; 3 December 1994) is an English actor, known for portraying Mia Stone in the children's television series Half-Moon Investigations.

Early and personal life
Gray is the eldest child of Fame Academy judges and singers David and Carrie Grant. Gray has three siblings, Tylan, Arlo, and Nathan. As a teenager, Gray was diagnosed with ADHD, and Gray's siblings also have learning difficulties. Gray studied at Queenswood School, Hertfordshire and then moved to study drama at Guildhall School of Music and Drama, graduating in 2016.

Gray identifies as non-binary, as queer, and prefers they/them pronouns.

Career
In 2005, they made their debut acting appearance in the popular television series The Story of Tracy Beaker as Alice. In 2007 and 2008 they appeared in EastEnders as Bernadette Logan, a girl who bullied Abi Branning (Lorna Fitzgerald). In 2009, they made a major appearance, portraying Mia Stone in the TV series of Half Moon Investigations. In 2016, Grant played a Yoga Girl in BBC's Fleabag. They appeared in an episode of the sitcom Uncle in 2017 as Anna. They also appeared as Miranda Keyes in the Paramount+ series Halo in 2022. In June 2023, they played the role of Molly in the new play "Spy for Spy" also starring Amy Lennox at Riverside Studios.

Filmography

Film

Television

Theatre

References

External links

Living people
1994 births
21st-century English actresses
Actresses from London
Black British actors
British non-binary actors
English non-binary people
English child actresses
English soap opera actresses
English television actresses
English LGBT actors
Black British LGBT people
Queer actors
English people of Jamaican descent


Zero Point Zero is the first studio album by the rock band Desario. It was released in 2009 on Darla Records. The album drew comparisons with Franz Ferdinand, Vampire Weekend, The Replacements, and the Smoking Popes.

Track listing
 "Nautical Ways"
 "Late Sedan"
 "Cane Cola"
 "Fine Time"
 "Drama Club"
 "Smile With Your Mouth Closed"
 "Houston"
 "Rain and Gold"
 "As I Recall"
 "Sequoia Gee"

Reviews
babysue

References

2009 debut albums
Desario albums


Burn the Bridges () is a 2007 Mexican film directed by Francisco Franco Alba, from an original script co-written by Franco and actress Maria Reneé Prudencio. The film was shot in the Mexican state of Zacatecas and addresses issues such as self-assertion, loss, adolescence, and sexual relations. It officially premiered in October 2007 at the Festival Internacional de Cine de Morelia. The title refers to a widely known Mexican saying, which means "to cut all ties holding someone to something or someone"—something Hernán Cortés is believed to have done when he and his men set foot for the first time in continental America, in order to avoid mutiny or desertion during the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire.

Plot
Elena (Irene Azuela) and Sebastián (Ángel Onésimo Nevárez) are a teenaged brother and sister who have been reunited at their home while looking after their ailing mother, singer Eugenia Díaz (Claudette Maille). Eugenia has been diagnosed with cancer and doesn't have long to live, and it has fallen to Elena and Sebastián to care for her in her last months, with Elena (who is older) spending her days with her mother while Sebastian goes to school and looks in on Eugenia in the evenings. Elena is obsessively caring for Sebastián, but while he loves his sister and mother, he seems detached from the affairs of his family. He's more drawn to his roughneck schoolmate Juan (Bernardo Benítez). As the reality of Eugenia's fate becomes clearer, Elena and Sebastián's confusion about love, mortality and family becomes more acute, and circumstances become even more muddled when they take in a boarder, Aurora (Jessica Segura), who falls in Sebastián's wealthy schoolmate Ismael (Ramón Valdez Urtiz).

Cast
Irene Azuela as Elena
Ángel Onésimo Nevárez as Sebastián
Claudette Maillé as Eugenia
Bernardo Benítez as Juan
Ramón Valdez Urtiz as Ismael
Juan Carlos Barreto as Efraín
Jessica Segura as Aurora
Aida López as Chayo
Alberto Estrella as Emilio
Diana Bracho as Catalina

Awards
The film won two Ariel Awards in 2008: for Best Actress (Irene Azuela) and for Best Original Music (Alejandro Giacomán, songs by Joselo Rangel). The film was also nominated for Best Art Design.

References

External links
 Official site
‘Quemar las naves’, una historia de soledad, El Universal
"Quemar las naves", romper con las ataduras, Anodis

2007 films
2000s Spanish-language films
Films set in Mexico
Mexican LGBT-related films
2007 LGBT-related films
LGBT-related drama films
Mexican drama films
2000s Mexican films


George Cunningham may refer to:
George Cunningham (British politician) (1931–2018), British politician
George Cunningham (baseball) (1894–1972), baseball player
George Cunningham (footballer) (1892–?), Scottish footballer
Sir George Cunningham (civil servant) (1888–1963), administrator in British India
G. D. Cunningham (George Dorrington Cunningham, 1878–1948), English organist
George T. Cunningham, founder of Cunningham's, a British Columbia pharmacy chain
G. H. Cunningham (George Herriot Cunningham, 1892–1962), New Zealand mycologist and plant pathologist
George I. Cunningham (1835–1902), mayor of Charleston, South Carolina
George Cunningham (Arizona politician) (born 1945), member of the Arizona House of Representatives
George Godfrey Cunningham (c. 1802–1860), Scottish writer, compiler, and translator


William O'Brien was a Scottish footballer who played for Bournemouth & Boscombe Athletic, Port Vale, and Watford in the 1930s.

Career
O'Brien played for Glasgow based St. Anthony's before heading to England to play for Bournemouth & Boscombe Athletic. He joined Port Vale in May 1938. He played a mere four Third Division South games for the "Valiants" in the 1938–39 season, scoring one goal in a 2–1 victory over Newport County at The Old Recreation Ground on 29 August. He left the club in April 1939, and later played for Watford.

Career statistics
Source:

References

Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Footballers from Glasgow
Scottish men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
AFC Bournemouth players
Port Vale F.C. players
Watford F.C. players
English Football League players


Mayangon Township ( ; is located in the northern part of Yangon. The township comprises ten wards, and shares borders with Insein Township and Mingaladon Township in the north, North Dagon Township, North Okkalapa Township, South Okkalapa Township and Yankin Township in the east, the Hlaing river, Hlaing Township and Hlaingthaya Township in the west, and Kamayut Township and Bahan Township in the south. The township has 30 primary schools, seven middle schools and five high schools.

One of the upscale neighbourhoods such as Parami is included in Mayangon Township.

Landmarks
The following is a list of landmarks protected by the city in Mayangon township.

References

Townships of Yangon


Georgian feudalism, or patronkmoba ( from patroni, "lord", "master", and kmoba, "slavery", "serfdom"), as the system of personal dependence or vassalage in ancient and medieval Georgia is referred to, arose from a tribal-dynastic organization of society upon which was imposed, by royal authority, an official hierarchy of regional governors, local officials and subordinates. It is thought to have its roots into the ancient Georgian, or Iberian, society of Hellenistic period.

Early period

In the medieval period, Georgian feudalism went through three distinct phases. In the first period, taken to have lasted from the 8th to the 11th centuries, Georgian society was organized as a network of personal ties, tying the king with the nobles of various classes. By the early 9th century, Georgia had already developed a system in which homage was exchanged for benefices.

High point

The second period began in the 11th century and was a high point of Georgian feudalism. This system was characterized by officially decreed relationship between personal ties and the possession of a territory whereby some lands were given for life (sakargavi), other in relationship between personal ties and the occupation of a territory (mamuli). The latter gradually replaced the former and land gradually changed from conditional to hereditary tenure, a process completed only at the end of the 15th century. Yet, a hereditary transmission of a holding remained dependent on the vassal's relationship with his lord.

This was also the Age of Chivalry immortalized in the medieval Georgian epics, most significantly in Shota Rustaveli's The Knight in the Panther's Skin. The aristocratic élite of this period was divided into two major classes: an upper noble whose dynastic dignity and feudal quality was expressed in the terms tavadi and didebuli, respectively; both of these terms were synonymous, from the 11th to the 14th centuries, with eristavi, and all three terms referred to one of the upper nobles, "a prince". Lesser nobles, the aznauri, were either "nobles of race" (mamaseulni or natesavit aznaurni) or "of patent" (aghzeebulni aznaurni) who acquired their status in specific charters issued by the king or a lord. The power of the feudal nobles over the peasantry also increased and the cultivators began to loss a degree of personal freedom they had formerly enjoyed. According to one contemporary law, a lord could search out and return a runaway peasant for up to thirty years after his flight. Thus, in this period, the Georgian patronqmoba essentially acquired the form of typical serfdom.

Downfall

The Mongol domination in the 13th century dealt a blow not only to Georgia’s prosperity and regional hegemony, but shuttered its social system. After a brief revival of the 14th century, a long twilight ensued. A gradual process of disintegration of the Georgian feudal system set in the 15th century, and became more prominent in the 16th and 17th. The vassal relations were frequently found to be in question and their legitimacy ceased to constitute the basis of declined royal authority. Now, the rivalry between the royal crown and its vassals changed into a struggle between a weak state and increasingly independent princes. By the 18th century, the Georgian feudal élite had established a new system known as tavadoba, the rule of the princes, in which vassal hierarchy no longer had any substantial force. By virtue of their power and the royal weakness, princes and nobles were able to break with their sovereign and became sovereigns in their own provinces. The dependent nobility, the aznauri, split into three groups: vassals of the king, vassals of the tavadi, and vassals of the catholicoi; they stood between the peasantry and the great nobility. The aznauri were tied more effectively to their overlords than the great princes were to their king.

Feudal hierarchy

This hierarchical division of Georgian feudal society was later codified by King Vakhtang VI (r. 1716–24) in an official table of "weregild" or blood money rates, which had the force of law.

At the time of the Russian annexation, Georgian society was rigidly hierarchical. A comparatively large proportion, 5% of the population, belonged to the nobility. The highest circles of society were the members of the royal Bagrationi family. Immediately below them came the princes, the tavadi. In Kingdom of Kartli, the most prestigious princes were the heads of the five "most noble" clans—the Orbeliani, Amilakhvari, Tsitsishvili, and the two Eristavi clans—and the melik of Somkhiti. Members of these clans outranked other noble clans. Below the princes were the untitled nobility, aznauri, consisting of the takhtis aznauri, dependent on the king, and mtsire aznauri, dependent on the princes, tahhtis aznauri, and the Church. Royal vassals, like the mouravi, outranked the vassals of the church, who in turn outranked the vassals of nobles. Many aznauri were quite poor and lived no better than peasants, but their status carried certain privileges and exemptions from obligations. Before the Russian annexation in the 1800s, the Georgian princes not only enjoyed nearly unlimited power over their estates and the enserfed peasantry but exercised police and judicial power. The highest official appointed by the king to govern the towns and countryside, the mouravi, was almost always a noble from the upper ranks and often held the position as a hereditary privilege.

After the Russian annexation of Georgia, the former basis of Georgian society, patronqmoba or lord-vassal relationship, was replaced by the principle of batonqmoba (ბატონყმობა, from batoni, "master", and qmoba), which may best be rendered as "proprietor-serf relationship". The code of Vakhtang survived under the Russian rule into the 1840s, when the feudal system in Georgia was finally organized along the lines of Russian serfdom.

Glossary
Azati – former serf freed by lord
Aznauri – Georgian noble
Aznauroba – nobility
Batoni – suzerain; seigneur; owner
Begara – duty, service; for peasants, labor obligation (corvée)
Bogano – landless peasant
Deoba – the right of Georgian peasants to petition the king for redness of grievances
Eristavi - head of the nation
Ghala – an obligation paid by peasants to lords, usually to 10 to 25 percent of the grain harvest
Glakhaki – the poor, destitute peasants
Glekhi – peasant
Khizani – poor peasant forced from the lands of his lord and obligated to rent land indefinitely from another lord
Kulukhi – obligation of Georgian peasant to his lord equal to 25 percent of the grape harvest or wine output
Mamuli – land granted in hereditary tenure
Mojalabe – a near-slave who lived in the home of his lord and had no land of his own
Msakhuri – domestic servant; a bodyguard; a serf often raised to vassal gentry
Mtsire Aznauri - Chevalier, petty noble
Mtavari - Georgian Duke
Patroni – lord; master; owner
Qma – serf;
Sakhaso – in medieval Georgia, lands held directly by the king; later, lands held in common by an entire noble clan under the rule of the tavadi
Satavado – landed estate; private property of tavadi
Tahtis Aznauri - Baron
Tavadi – high noble, prince
Tavadoba – in late Georgian feudalism, the rule of princes marked by weak royal power

See also
 Nobility of Georgia

Notes

References

Feudalism by country
Social history of Georgia (country)


English Journal (previously The English Journal) is the official publication of the Secondary Education section of the American National Council of Teachers of English. The peer-reviewed journal has been published since 1912 and features columns and articles on all aspects of the teaching of English language arts at middle schools and junior and senior high schools.

In 1939, the journal College English was spun off from The English Journal to address the needs of teaching English language arts at the college level.

, the journal's editors are Toby Emert, Ph.D., of Agnes Scott College in Decatur, Georgia, and R. Joseph Rodríguez, Ph.D., of California State University, Fresno. Its content is accessible electronically via ERIC, ProQuest, and JSTOR, and is indexed by the MLA.

Regular features include articles on pedagogy, literature, ELL issues, and educational technology. The journal also accepts poetry submissions.

References

External links

Literary magazines published in the United States
Language education journals
English-language education
Publications established in 1912
Bimonthly journals
1912 establishments in the United States


The Tripura Hill People's Party (THPP)is a Tripuri nationalist political party in the Tripura region of India.

History
The THPP is led by Debabrata Koloi.

See also
Tripuri nationalism
Tripura rebellion

References

Tripuri nationalism


The Island Princess () is a 1954 Italian-Spanish adventure film directed by Paolo Moffa.

Plot
The story takes place in 15th-century Spain. Canarian forces rise against Castille. Backup troops arrive on the island of Gran Canaria for aid due to the rising power of the Grancanarians. However, opinions about the war differ in the royal class. Guanarteme, the king and his daughter want peace. On the other hand, the warrior leader and the high priest want war.

One day, Castillian officer Don Hernán falls in love with the king's daughter, despite the difference in their status. The high priest poisons the king fatally, and then tries to marry the princess. Soon after, the embassy of Castille, including Don Hernán, arrives for peace. His confession of love causes war in his camp.

The princess and the high priest marry, despite the Castillian troops advance. The princess runs away with the high priest to the mountains of Tirma. Don Hernán follows them and does not let the princess fall off the cliffs with the high priest. However, she is disgusted by him and utters the torn Guanche oath.

Cast
 Silvana Pampanini as Almadena
 Marcello Mastroianni as Don Diego
 Gustavo Rojo as Bentejui
 José María Lado as High priest
 Elvira Quintillá as Tasirga
 José María Rodero as Don Alvaro
 Félix de Pomés as Guanazteml

Production
The film was shot in the Canary Islands. Subsequently, Mastroiani recalled the shooting: “Hellish heat! And then there are weapons, horses, and everything else that I have never dealt with. Moreover, these horses (which I gave to the “princess” on behalf of the King of Spain) had neither tails, nor manes, so they had to fix them with ropes. Crazy work! .. "

References

External links

1954 films
1954 adventure films
1950s Italian-language films
Italian black-and-white films
Films shot in the Canary Islands
Films set in the Canary Islands
Films set in the 15th century
Films directed by Paolo Moffa
Films set on islands
Italian adventure films
Spanish adventure films
1950s Italian films


Howard Cornelius Wall (December 1854 – March 15, 1909) was an American Major League Baseball shortstop who played in one game for the 1873 Washington Blue Legs of the National Association. At 18, Wall was the fourth-youngest player in the National Association.  He played his lone game on September 13, and collected one hit in three at bats for a .333 batting average.  Wall died at the age of 54 in his hometown of Washington, D.C., and is interred at Oak Hill Cemetery.

References

External links

1854 births
1909 deaths
Washington Blue Legs players
Major League Baseball shortstops
Baseball players from Washington, D.C.
19th-century baseball players
Burials at Oak Hill Cemetery (Washington, D.C.)
Major League Baseball players with one career hit