The seventh season of Family Guy first aired on the Fox network from September 28, 2008 to May 17, 2009 before being released as two DVD box sets and syndicated. The animated television series follows the dysfunctional Griffin family (father Peter, mother Lois, daughter Meg, son Chris, baby Stewie and their anthropomorphic dog Brian), who reside in the town of Quahog. The show features the voices of series creator Seth MacFarlane, Alex Borstein, Seth Green, and Mila Kunis in the roles of the Griffin family.

The season included hold-over episodes from the sixth season, which was cut short due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. It received a mixed reception from critics, the more-mixed reviews criticizing the overuse of cutaways and the more positive praising its story-based episodes. The seventh season contains some of the series' most acclaimed episodes (including "Road to Germany" and "Family Gay") and controversial episodes like "420", which caused the Venezuelan government to ban the show from its networks. The seventh season was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series, making Family Guy the first animated series to be nominated in this category since The Flintstones in 1961.

The Volume Seven DVD box set was released in Region 1 on June 16, 2009, Region 2 on November 2, 2009 and Region 4 on September 29, 2009. Nine of the sixteen episodes are included in this volume. The remaining seven episodes of the season were released on the Volume Eight DVD box set in Region 1 on June 15, 2010, Region 2 on November 1, 2010 and Region 4 on June 15, 2011.

Production

The season premiered September 28, 2008 with the episode "Love, Blactually" airing on Fox Broadcasting Company in the United States. During the sixth season of the show, episodes of Family Guy and American Dad! were delayed from regular broadcast due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. Series creator and executive producer Seth MacFarlane sided with the Writers Guild and participated in the strike until its conclusion. Official production of Family Guy was halted for most of December 2007 and intermittent periods afterwards. Fox continued producing episodes without MacFarlane's final approval; although he refused to work on the show during the strike, his contract with Fox required him to contribute to any episodes it subsequently produced. Due to this, most sixth-season episodes had to be pushed back to this one; this left the sixth season with only twelve episodes, and the seventh season began with hold-overs from the previous one.

Crew

MacFarlane, Danny Smith, David Goodman and Chris Sheridan were the executive producers for the season. Richard Appel, Steve Callaghan, Mark Hentemann and Brian Scully were co-executive producers. Other producers included Mike Henry, Patrick Meighan, Tom Devanney, Alec Sulkin, Wellesley Wild, John L. Jacobs, Kara Vallow, Kirker Butler, Shannon Smith, Cherry Chevapravatdumrong, Kim Fertman and Brandi Young.

The writing staff included John Viener, Andrew Goldberg, Matt Fleckenstein, Andrew Gormley, Alex Carter, executive producers Chris Sheridan, Danny Smith, co-executive producers Richard Appel, Mark Hentemann, Brian Scully, supervising producers Mike Henry, Alec Sulkin, Wellesley Wild and co-producers Cherry Chevapravatdumrong and Patrick Meighan. Each wrote one episode, except for Meighan, Sulkin and Chevapravatdumrong (who wrote two each). There were nine directors for the sixteen episodes of the season, with Cyndi Tang, Greg Colton, Julius Wu, Brian Iles, Jerry Langford and Dominic Bianchi directing two episodes each. Peter Shin and James Purdum were supervising directors for the entire season. Walter Murphey composed the season's music tracks, while Stan Jones edited them.

Cast

Season seven had a cast of five main actors. MacFarlane voiced Peter Griffin, a blue-collar worker and the patriarch of the Griffin family. The family's evil-genius baby Stewie, their anthropromorphic pet dog Brian, their sexually-active neighbor Glenn Quagmire, Peter's father-in-law Carter Pewterschmidt, local doctor Elmer Hartman and local news anchor Tom Tucker were also voiced by MacFarlane. Other members of the family include Peter's responsible-but-rebellious wife, Lois (voiced by Alex Borstein); their self-loathing teenage daughter, Meg (voiced by Mila Kunis) and their goofball teenage son, Chris (voiced by Seth Green). Mike Henry voiced the Griffins' neighbor (and Peter's friend) Cleveland Brown.

The season had a number of secondary characters, including Lori Alan as Diane Simmons (a local news anchor); Mike Henry as Cleveland Brown (a neighbor and friend of the Griffins); Patrick Warburton as Joe Swanson (a disabled neighbor) and Jennifer Tilly as Bonnie Swanson (Joe's pregnant wife). Adam West voices an alternative version of himself, Mayor Adam West. Other recurring characters include Phil LaMarr as Ollie Williams, Johnny Brennan as Mort Goldman, Carrie Fisher as Angela, Mark Hentemann as Opie, Borstein as Trisha Takanawa and Henry as Bruce. Staff members Danny Smith, Jon Viener and Alec Sulkin voiced several minor characters. The season introduced New Brian (voiced by Viener), a replacement for the older Brian and Susie, the Swansons' newborn daughter.

The season also included guest actors voicing themselves, including Frank Sinatra Jr., Seth Rogen, Lauren Conrad, Johnny Knoxville, Jay Leno, Craig Ferguson, Audrina Patridge, Sinbad, Patrick Stewart, LeVar Burton, Gates McFadden, Brent Spiner, Michael Dorn, Jonathan Frakes, Wil Wheaton, Denise Crosby and Rob Lowe.

Episodes

Reception
The seventh-season premiere was viewed by 9.2 million viewers, a significantly-higher number than those watching the sixth-season finale. In the weeks following "Love Blactually", viewership hovered around 8 million. "Baby Not On Board" was the most-viewed episode of the season, with 9.97 million views and a 5.0 Nielsen rating.

Ahsan Haque of IGN graded the seventh season of Family Guy 8.2 out of a possible 10, saying that it was a "very competent season" for the show. He praised the use of the show's hallmark pop-culture references and the writers' more story-driven episodes. Haque considered "Road to Germany" as the highlight of the season and regarded "The Juice is Loose" and "Baby Not On Board" as the poorest, citing them as examples of what the show could be when the writers "choose not to put in any effort". In 2009, IGN included the Star Trek: The Next Generation cast reunion in "Not All Dogs Go to Heaven" in its countdown of "Family Guy's Top 10 Star Trek Moments". Later that year, it included the "Raining Bitches" and the "Boom Goes The Dynamite" moments (both from "Love Blactually") in its "Family Guy's Top 10 Cleveland Moments". In 2010, IGN put "Road to Germany" on its list of "Stewie and Brian's Greatest Adventures".

Casey Burchby from DVD Talk gave a mixed review to Volume Seven of Family Guy; he noted that while a lot of the jokes are obvious and not funny in the show's context, there are standout episodes such as "I Dream of Jesus" and "Baby Not On Board". He also praised "Road to Germany", which "combines solid writing with some noteworthy design work". Another writer from DVD Talk, Francis Rizzo III, reviewed Volume Eight and praised "Three Kings" for blending humor with the original films and its story-based narrative. He also pointed out that episodes like "420", "Not All Dogs Go to Heaven" and "FOX-y Lady" contained scenes which were like nothing seen on television before.

The Parents Television Council (a frequent critic of Family Guy) branded "Family Gay", "Three Kings" "420", and "Stew-roids" as the "worst show of the week," a title frequently given the series by the group. In response to its group's criticism, executive producer David Goodman claimed that Family Guy is "absolutely for adults" and he does not allow his own children to watch the show. MacFarlane also responded to the PTC's decrees against the show in an interview with The Advocate: "For an organization that prides itself on Christian values — I mean, I’m an atheist, so what do I know? — they spend their entire day hating people."

Mixed assessments came from Robin Pierson of The TV Critic, giving the season an overall score of 49 out of 100. Pierson said that the show had become "predictable, stale and irritating to watch" and that it had become "just like the TV shows it mocked". He criticized some episodes for "insulting their viewers' intelligence" and for being "badly written", although he praised some of the stories for following a logical progression. Pierson considered "We Love You Conrad" as the best episode of the season (rating it 67 out of 100), and "Baby Not On Board" as the poorest (rating it 12).

The Venezuelan government reacted negatively to "420", and banned Family Guy from their local networks (which generally air syndicated American programming). Local station Televen was threatened with fines for broadcasting the show (which were avoided by airing an episode of Baywatch instead), and it aired public-service films as an apology. Venezuelan Justice Minister Tareck El Aissami stated that any cable stations which refuse to stop airing the series would be fined, and he claimed that the program promoted the use of cannabis.

Awards and nominations
The season was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series. The last animated program to be nominated was The Flintstones in 1961. Seth MacFarlane was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Voice-Over Performance for his role as Peter Griffin in "I Dream of Jesus". MacFarlane was also nominated for an Annie Award for the same episode, but lost to Ahmed Best from Robot Chicken. "Road to Germany" was nominated for a Golden Reel Award for Best Sound Editing, but lost to the Star Wars: The Clone Wars episode "Lair of Grievous".

Home media
The first nine episodes of the seventh season were released on DVD by 20th Century Fox in the United States and Canada on June 16, 2009, one month after the last episode was broadcast. The "Volume 7" DVD release features bonus material, including deleted scenes, animatics and commentary for each episode. The remaining seven episodes were released on "Volume 8" in the United States.

References

External links

Family Guy seasons
2008 American television seasons
2009 American television seasons


USS Sardonyx (PYc-12), formerly the yacht named Queen Anne (1928), was a patrol boat in the United States Navy during World War II.

Pre-War civilian service as a yacht
The Sardonyx was originally a steel-hulled yacht with diesel engines, built in 1928 as the Queen Anne for Mr. Alexander Dallas Thayer at the Germania-Werft shipyards in Kiel, Germany. According to United States Government publications from 1941, the USS Sardonyx was the sister ship to the USS Opal (PYc-8), formerly Irving T. Bush's and Marian Spore Bush's motor yacht Coronet; both yachts were built at the same yard in 1928.

Sardonyx during the war years
The vessel was purchased by the Navy from the original owner at New York on 19 June 1941.  Immediately after acquiring the yacht, the Navy started converting the vessel for use as a coastal patrol boat.  On 18 July 1941, the vessel was renamed Sardonyx, and on 15 August 1941, it was commissioned.  Conversion was completed by mid-October 1941, and Sardonyx proceeded for duty to New London, under the National Defense Research Committee (NDRC).  Sardonyx served in support of experiments on the varied applications of electronics and underwater sound to naval warfare.

In January 1942, Sardonyx shifted back to New York; but, after a brief yard period, she returned to New London and resumed her work for the NDRC and the Navy's Underwater Sound Laboratory. Decommissioned and placed in service on 3 January 1944, she remained based at New London, conducting operations for the Underwater Sound Laboratory and escorting submarines in the area, through the end of World War II and into 1946.

After World War II
In the spring of 1946, Sardonyx was ordered inactivated; and, with the summer, she moved to New York, where she was placed out of service on 17 July 1946. Her name was struck from the Navy list on 29 October 1946; and on 10 July 1947, she was transferred to the Maritime Commission and sold.

See also
List of patrol vessels of the United States Navy

External links
NavSource Online's article on Sardonyx
More on the Sardonyx's original owner, Alexander Dallas Thayer

Patrol vessels of the United States Navy
Ships built in Kiel
1928 ships


In the mathematical discipline of graph theory, a 3-dimensional matching is a generalization of bipartite matching (also known as 2-dimensional matching) to 3-partite hypergraphs, which consist of hyperedges each of which contains 3 vertices (instead of edges containing 2 vertices in a usual graph).

3-dimensional matching, often abbreviated as 3DM, is also the name of a well-known computational problem: finding a largest 3-dimensional matching in a given hypergraph. 3DM is one of the first problems that were proved to be NP-hard.

Definition

Let X, Y, and Z be finite sets, and let T be a subset of X × Y × Z. That is, T consists of triples (x, y, z) such that x ∈ X, y ∈ Y, and z ∈ Z. Now M ⊆ T is a 3-dimensional matching if the following holds: for any two distinct triples (x1, y1, z1) ∈ M and (x2, y2, z2) ∈ M, we have x1 ≠ x2, y1 ≠ y2, and z1 ≠ z2.

Example

The figure on the right illustrates 3-dimensional matchings. The set X is marked with red dots, Y is marked with blue dots, and Z is marked with green dots. Figure (a) shows the set T (gray areas). Figure (b) shows a 3-dimensional matching M with |M| = 2, and Figure (c) shows a 3-dimensional matching M with |M| = 3.

The matching M illustrated in Figure (c) is a maximum 3-dimensional matching, i.e., it maximises |M|. The matching illustrated in Figures (b)–(c) are maximal 3-dimensional matchings, i.e., they cannot be extended by adding more elements from T.

Here is example interactive visualisation in javascript

Comparison with bipartite matching

A 2-dimensional matching can be defined in a completely analogous manner. Let X and Y be finite sets, and let T be a subset of X × Y. Now M ⊆ T is a 2-dimensional matching if the following holds: for any two distinct pairs (x1, y1) ∈ M and (x2, y2) ∈ M, we have x1 ≠ x2 and y1 ≠ y2.

In the case of 2-dimensional matching, the set T can be interpreted as the set of edges in a bipartite graph G = (X, Y, T); each edge in T connects a vertex in X to a vertex in Y. A 2-dimensional matching is then a matching in the graph G, that is, a set of pairwise non-adjacent edges.

Hence 3-dimensional matchings can be interpreted as a generalization of matchings to hypergraphs: the sets X, Y, and Z contain the vertices, each element of T is a hyperedge, and the set M consists of pairwise non-adjacent edges (edges that do not have a common vertex). In case of 2-dimensional matching, we have Y = Z.

Comparison with set packing

A 3-dimensional matching is a special case of a set packing: we can interpret each element (x, y, z) of T as a subset {x, y, z} of X ∪ Y ∪ Z; then a 3-dimensional matching M consists of pairwise disjoint subsets.

Decision problem

In computational complexity theory, 3-dimensional matching (3DM) is the name of the following decision problem: given a set T and an integer k, decide whether there exists a 3-dimensional matching M ⊆ T with |M| ≥ k.

This decision problem is known to be NP-complete; it is one of Karp's 21 NP-complete problems. It is NP-complete even in the special case that k = |X| = |Y| = |Z| and when each element is contained in exactly 3 sets, i.e., when we want a perfect matching in a 3-regular hypergraph. In this case, a 3-dimensional matching is not only a set packing, but also an exact cover: the set M covers each element of X, Y, and Z exactly once. The proof is by reduction from 3SAT. Given a 3SAT instance, we construct a 3DM instance as follows:

 For each variable xi, there is a "variable gadget" shaped like a wheel. It is made of overlapping triplets. The number of triplets is twice the number of occurrences of xi in the formula. There are exactly two ways to cover all the vertices in the gadget: one is to choose all even-indexed triplets, and one is to choose all odd-indexed triplets. These two ways correspond to setting xi to "true" or "false". The "true" selection leaves uncovered exactly one vertex in every odd-indexed triplet, and the "false" selection leaves uncovered exactly one vertex in every even-indexed triplet.
For each clause xi u xj u xk, there is a "clause gadget" shaped like a rose. It is made of three overlapping triplets, one for each variable in the clause. It can be covered iff at least one of the nodes is left uncovered by the selection of the variable gadgets.
Since it is possible that two or more nodes are left uncovered, we also need a "garbage collection gadget". It is shaped like a larger rose. It is made of several overlapping triplets, one for each vertex that can be left uncovered in the variable gadget. The number of such gadgets is determined so that they can be covered exactly if and only if there is a satisfying assignment.

Special cases
There exist  polynomial time algorithms for solving 3DM in dense hypergraphs.

Optimization problem

A maximum 3-dimensional matching is a largest 3-dimensional matching. In computational complexity theory, this is also the name of the following optimization problem: given a set T, find a 3-dimensional matching M ⊆ T that maximizes |M|.

Since the decision problem described above is NP-complete, this optimization problem is NP-hard, and hence it seems that there is no polynomial-time algorithm for finding a maximum 3-dimensional matching. However, there are efficient polynomial-time algorithms for finding a maximum bipartite matching (maximum 2-dimensional matching), for example, the Hopcroft–Karp algorithm.

Approximation algorithms
There is a very simple polynomial-time 3-approximation algorithm for 3-dimensional matching: find any maximal 3-dimensional matching. Just like a maximal matching is within factor 2 of a maximum matching, a maximal 3-dimensional matching is within factor 3 of a maximum 3-dimensional matching.

For any constant ε > 0 there is a polynomial-time (4/3 + ε)-approximation algorithm for 3-dimensional matching.

However, attaining better approximation factors is probably hard: the problem is APX-complete, that is, it is hard to approximate within some constant.

It is NP-hard to achieve an approximation factor of 95/94 for maximum 3-d matching, and an approximation factor of 48/47 for maximum 4-d matching. The hardness remains even when restricted to instances with exactly two occurrences of each element.

Parallel algorithms
There are various algorithms for 3-d matching in the Massively parallel computation model.

See also
List of NP-complete problems
Rainbow-independent set – a problem that can be reduced from 3-dimensional matching.
Numerical 3-dimensional matching

Notes

References
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NP-complete problems
Combinatorics
Matching (graph theory)


James Lynn Kepner, Jr. (192315 November 1997) was an American journalist, author, historian, archivist and leader in the gay rights movement. His work was intertwined with One, Inc. and One Magazine, and eventually contributed to the formation of the ONE National Gay & Lesbian Archives.

Early life
Jim Kepner was found wrapped in newspaper under an oleander bush in Galveston, Texas in September 1923, aged about eight months. He didn't find out he was adopted until he was nineteen. In 1942, followed his adopted father to San Francisco, where, wandering around the libraries of the city, Kepner could not find anything objective that focused on the way he was.  Later, he would record that he had been "aware of being different from age four."

Career
Kepner started his career as a clerk for a railroad company in San Francisco, California in the 1940s. He joined the Communist Party USA and wrote for a Communist newspaper in New York City, the Daily Worker. However, he was expelled from the party because of his homosexuality. Instead, he joined the Mattachine Society in Los Angeles, the main gay organization in the United States at the time.

Kepner's search for information and then community and culture led him to begin a private collection of gay-related materials unlike anything previously compiled. Upon settling in Los Angeles in the early 1950s, Kepner became an essential part of the emergence of modern gay culture through journalism, writing, activism and pioneering archival work. He became one of the main writers for ONE Magazine. Before falling out with ONE in 1961, Kepner wrote many of the magazines' articles and served as co-editor of the magazine. ONE Magazine's documents and Kepner's research materials formed the beginning of today's ONE Archives. He maintained a relationship with ONE throughout his life even as he transferred his collections to his repeatedly renamed archives (Western Gay Archives and then the National Gay Archives and later the International Gay and Lesbian Archives).

Subjects of Kepner's 1950s writings included whether there was such a thing as a "gay community," police actions against the gay community, same-sex marriage, social interaction in the gay community and a whole host of other subjects. As he wrote, he collected, and over five more decades, Kepner was able to amass enormous amounts of essential information on gay life in the United States. As HIV/AIDS ravaged thousands in the 1980s and 1990s, Kepner's efforts became essential as he recorded, memorialized, and documented the vital personal and community response to the epidemic. In a review of Kepner's 1998 book, Rough News, Daring Views: 1950s' Pioneer Gay Press Journalism, historian William Armstrong Percy III wrote, "the Gay rights movement had three remarkable pioneers. Two—Harry Hay and Dorr Legg—have long been recognized, whereas the contribution of the third—Jim Kepner—has never been adequately documented…" Percy goes on to say "Kepner's articles (in the book) record not only the past of the gay rights movement but also its soul."

Kepner's collection consists of thousands of distinct subject files containing primary and secondary materials such as organizational minutes, newspaper clippings, journal and magazine articles, correspondence, brochures, and other printed and original materials relating to all aspects of the LGBT experience. ONE's Library and Kepner's archives merged in the early 1990s. By the time of Kepner's death, the ONE Archives had evolved into the premier source for gay and lesbian research in the nation.

Death
Kepner died on November 15, 1997 at the Midway Hospital in Los Angeles, California. He was 74.

See also

LGBT history

References

External links
 Jim Kepner at GLBTQ Encyclopedia
 ONE National Gay & Lesbian Archives — official website
 Southern California LGBT History Timeline
 The Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender Historical Society

1923 births
1997 deaths
People from Los Angeles
American archivists
American gay writers
American LGBT historians
American LGBT rights activists
American LGBT journalists
20th-century American historians
Members of the Communist Party USA
20th-century American LGBT people
20th-century American journalists
LGBT people from California


The pilot episode of the American animated television series Sit Down, Shut Up originally aired in the United States on April 19, 2009 on the Fox network. The episode introduced the faculty and staff at Knob Haven High School in the fictional town of Knob Haven, Florida. In the episode, the school is facing a financial crisis and acting principal Sue Sezno has to either fire a teacher or make sure the school wins a football game. Meanwhile, assistant principal Stuart Proszakian becomes addicted to drugs that were found in a student's locker.

The episode was written by series creator Mitchell Hurwitz and directed by Dwayne Carey-Hill. The first draft was written by Hurwitz in 2000, before he pitched Arrested Development. Hurwitz based Sit Down, Shut Up on the Australian sitcom of the same name. After he had rewritten the script several times, the series was picked up by Fox. The episode received generally mixed reviews from critics. According to the Nielsen ratings, it was watched by 5.21 million households in its original airing.

Plot
Acting Principal of Knob Haven High School Sue Sezno finds a case of pills in a student's locker. Believing them to be drugs, she hands them over to science teacher Miracle Grohe to study. Miracle, however, tells them the pills may be steroids; Sue decides to test them on her new assistant Principal, Stuart Proszakian. With the assistance of P.E. teacher Larry Littlejunk, she manages to successfully trick Stuart into taking the pills, telling him that they are vitamins.

Meanwhile, Sue informs the staff that the school is in financial trouble, and the only way to raise money is to gain alumni donations from the upcoming football game or face firing a teacher. German teacher Willard Deutschebog informs English teacher Ennis Hofftard that a student may have caught him buying "filthies" (porn) at a newsstand that morning; because of this, Willard fears that if Sue hears, he may be the one getting fired. At the same time, Larry attempts to ask Miracle out on a date, but finds he cannot stand Miracle's "stupid" thoughts. As it turns out, she was the one responsible for his students' poor training in gym: she repeatedly throws out food, in honor of those in third-world countries.

At the game, bisexual drama teacher Andrew LeGustambos attempts to grab the attention of both Larry and Miracle, but the whole school stands in shock as Stuart arrives with two full and augmented breasts; the pills he had taken were actually librarian Helen Klench's female hormone replacements. Nonetheless, the school loses the game. Sue finally reveals she was not planning on actually firing any teacher on her watch. Helen arrives to inform them that they did not need to win the game after all; she had found a rare time capsule with treasures. Upon opening the time capsule, it is revealed that it is full of Willard's porn magazines that Ennis hid. Sue pitifully looks at Willard and tells him he is fired.

Production
The pilot episode of Sit Down, Shut Up was written by series creator Mitchell Hurwitz and directed by Dwayne Carey-Hill. It was originally written by Hurwitz in 2000, but he "kept it in a drawer for a long time" and brought it out when he needed money. The idea for the series was based on the Australian situation comedy of the same name. He pitched his adaption to different networks that were interested in the concept, but they turned it down, because the characters were "way too broad and way too self-centered and oblivious," and they told him that he had to rewrite it. The Fox network picked it up in April 2008 under the name Class Dismissed, later changed to Sit Down, Shut Up. Hurwitz's adaption was originally planned to be live-action like its counterpart, but he decided to make it an animated series to "avoid some work". He chose to use real images as backgrounds after he saw Mo Willems' Knuffle Bunny in a book store. He then contacted Willems to design the characters for Sit Down, Shut Up. The images for the school were taken at a school next door to the Rough Draft Studios, the series' animation studio. Production of the series halted in June 2008, when the writers found out that they would be under the jurisdiction of the IATSE Animation Guild, instead of Writers Guild of America (WGA). A month later, the writers and the production company, Sony Pictures, reached an agreement saying that the writers would still be covered by the IATSE, but their contract would be the same as the WGA's in certain areas. This made Sit Down, Shut Up the only primetime animated series on Fox not to be covered by the WGA. During this process, head writer Bill Oakley left the series.

Cast members Jason Bateman, Will Arnett and Henry Winkler, who also starred on Hurwitz's show Arrested Development, voice Larry Littlejunk, Ennis Hofftard and Willard Deutschebog, respectively. Will Forte voices Stuart Proszakian, who was also featured in the Australian series. Kristin Chenoweth stars as Miracle Grohe. The part was originally given to Maria Bamford, but she was later replaced with Chenoweth. The executives still allowed Bamford to do some "side voices" on the show, including in this episode. Cheri Oteri was picked as the voice of Helen Klench, a "totally unresourceful" librarian, and Nick Kroll was picked as the voice of Andrew LeGustambos, the drama teacher whose surname translates "he likes both", referring to his bisexuality. Regina King was replaced with Kenan Thompson, who took over the role as Sue Sezno, the acting principal. Tom Kenny voices Muhannad Sabeeh "Happy" Fa'ach Nuabar, the secretive custodian.

Reception
Despite airing after The Simpsons and before Family Guy, the episode was watched by 5.21 million viewers in its original airing in the United States on April 19, 2009. The episode acquired a 2.3 rating in the 18–49 demographic, finishing third in its timeslot after Amazing Race and a rerun of Extreme Makeover: Home Edition. It finished first in its timeslot in the 18–34 demographic, where it acquired a 2.7 rating.

The episode received generally mixed reviews from critics. Brian Lowry of Variety said: "Despite a pedigree that includes Arrested Development creator Mitch Hurwitz and many of that program's stars, Sit Down seldom rises above sniggering double entendre." Genevieve Koski of The A.V. Club graded the episode B, saying: "I'm staying optimistic that the characters are going to get fleshed out in upcoming episodes, because this is obviously going to be a character-based ensemble comedy." Jonah Krakow of IGN was more positive about the episode, noting the "familiar aspects" of  Arrested Development, such as the "deft wordplay, biting sarcasm and inappropriate humor". He concluded, saying: "As long as the talented cast can continue to play to their strengths and the scripts can humorously tackle dicey subject matter, this should continue to be a very entertaining show." Kona Gallagher  of TV Squad watched the episode twice, and said that it "definitely grows on you." She concluded, saying: "In all, I think the first time you watch Sit Down, Shut Up, it's really easy to blow it off as another animated show that's trying too hard. However, it's actually worth sticking around and watching a couple of episodes."

References

External links

Sit Down, Shut Up (2009 TV series) episodes
Sit Down, Shut Up
2009 American television episodes


Pravrajika Bhaktiprana (October 1920 – 11 December 2022) was an Indian Hindu sannyasini and the fourth president of the Sri Sarada Math and Ramakrishna Sarada Mission, Dakshineswar, in Kolkata, India. She took over as president of the institution on 2 April 2009. In her name "Pravrajika" means "mendicant nun" and the suffix to her name Bhakti is 'prana' which means "who is devoted to".

Biography
Bhaktiprana was born in Calcutta (now Kolkata) in October 1920. She did her school education from the Gouri Ma's Saradeswari Ashram in Calcutta. Right from a very young age her interest was towards spirituality, and she was associated with the monks of the Belur Math of the Ramakrishna Math and Ramakrishna Mission. She initially trained as a nurse. In 1950, she was employed as a nurse at the Matri Bhavan, a hospital that was under the Ramakrishna Sarada Mission in Tollygunge.

Bhaktiprana was given oath of  Mantra Diksha by Swami Vijnanananda, who was a disciple of Sri Ramakrishna, and was then also the fourth president of Ramakrishna Math and Mission and was given the oath of Brahmacharya in 1953 by Swami Shankarananda. She was made a sanyasini in 1959 by Swami Shankarananda, the president of Ramakrishna Math at that time. She was given the trusteeship of the Sri Sarada Math in 1959. In  1959 itself the math had been  given an independent identity. In 1960, she became a member of the governing body of the Ramakrishna Sarada Mission. When Matri Bhavan hospital, a 10-bed maternity care centre  where she had worked as a nurse came under the control of Ramakrishna Sarada Mission following its transfer from the Ramakrishna Mission she was appointed its secretary. Under her leadership the hospital has now expanded into a 100-bedded modern hospital facility from an earlier 10-bed maternity care centre. In December 1998, she got elected to the post of vice president of the Sri Sarada Math and Ramakrishna Sarada Mission. On 13 October 2003 as vice president she was a special invitee for the inauguration of the Vedanta Centre at Pangot. Following the death of Pravrajika Shraddhaprana in February 2009, she took over as president of the mission in April 2009. On assuming this position she said "All my life, I have tried to live for others. That’s what Ma [Sarada Devi] would’ve wanted me to do... Without Ma’s blessings, we are nothing."

Bhaktiprana died on 11 December 2022, at the age of 102.

References

External links
 Sarada Math website

1920 births
2022 deaths
Place of birth missing
20th-century Hindu religious leaders
Educators from West Bengal
Female missionaries
Indian centenarians
Indian Hindu missionaries
Indian Hindu nuns
20th-century Indian nuns
21st-century Indian nuns
Indian women religious leaders
Scholars from Kolkata
Women centenarians
Women educators from West Bengal


Rotorua Seventh-day Adventist School is a primary school in Glenholme suburb of Rotorua, New Zealand.  It is owned by the Seventh-day Adventist church and is a part of the Seventh-day Adventist education system, the world's second largest Christian school system.

Curriculum
The schools curriculum consists primarily of the standard courses taught at college preparatory schools across the world. All students are required to take classes in the core areas of English, Basic Sciences, Mathematics, a Foreign Language, and Social Sciences.

Spiritual aspects
All students take religion classes each year that they are enrolled. These classes cover topics in biblical history and Christian and denominational doctrines. Instructors in other disciplines also begin each class period with prayer or a short devotional thought, many which encourage student input. Weekly, the entire student body gathers together in the auditorium for an hour-long chapel service.
Outside the classrooms there is year-round spiritually oriented programming that relies on student involvement.

See also

 List of Seventh-day Adventist secondary schools
 Seventh-day Adventist education

References

External links
Adventist Official Site

Primary schools in New Zealand
Adventist secondary schools in New Zealand
Christian schools in New Zealand


The earliest Medal of Honor recipient educated at the United States Military Academy was John Cleveland Robinson, a non-graduating member of the class of 1839. The first alumnus of the United States Military Academy (USMA) to perform actions to be recognized with the Medal of Honor was Charles Henry Tompkins, a non-graduating member of the class of 1851, while the last alumnus to perform actions so recognized was Andre Lucas, a graduating member of the class of 1954.

There are ten wars involving the United States for which the Medal of Honor has been bestowed upon a USMA alumnus. More than half of the alumni who received the distinction were thereby recognized for actions in either the American Civil War or the American Indian Wars; twenty-five alumni were awarded the medal in connection with the Civil War and twenty-one in connection with the Indian Wars. Four alumni were recognized for their contributions to the Spanish–American War, nine for the Philippine–American War, two for the Boxer Rebellion, and one for the Banana Wars. While only one alumnus received the Medal of Honor for actions in World War I, ten alumni were so recognized for actions in World War II. The final two conflicts for which the Medal of Honor was given to USMA alumni are the Korean War, for which two alumni were recognized, and the Vietnam War, for which eight alumni were recognized.

Of the eighty-three USMA alumni who have received the Medal of Honor, eight were non-graduates: John Cleveland Robinson, Charles Henry Tompkins, John Alexander Logan, Jr., Louis J. Van Schaick, Eli Thompson Fryer, Michael J. Daly, Roger Donlon, and James A. Gardner. Two graduates, John Gregory Bourke (class of 1869) and Calvin Pearl Titus (class of 1905), received the Medal of Honor before being appointed to the academy. Other notable Academy alumni who received the Medal of Honor include William Harding Carter, Douglas MacArthur, and Humbert Roque Versace.

Medal of Honor recipients
Note: "Class year" refers to the alumnus's class year, which usually is the same year they graduated. However, in times of war, classes often graduate early.
ex: after the class year indicates the alumni is a non-graduating member of that class.

American Civil War
All of the USMA alumni who received the Medal of Honor for action in the American Civil War were part of the Union Army fighting against the Confederate States Army to undo the secession of the Confederate States of America. The Civil War was the first war for which the Medal of Honor was granted, and more USMA alumni received this honor for participation in the Civil War than for any other conflict. Of the 3464 American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients, 25 attended USMA.

American Indian Wars
The USMA alumni receiving the Medal of Honor for their efforts in the American Indian Wars fought against the Native Americans in the United States in order to expand the territory controlled by American settlers and the federal government of the United States. Among the American Indian Wars Medal of Honor recipients, 21 were USMA alumni.

Spanish–American War
The Medal of Honor was given to Americans who fought in the Spanish–American War against Spain under the Restoration during the Cuban War of Independence. Four USMA alumni were among the Spanish–American War Medal of Honor recipients.

Philippine–American War
USMA alumni who received the Medal of Honor for participating in the Philippine–American War fought against the First Philippine Republic, the Katipunan, the Pulahan, the Sultanate of Sulu, and the Moro people in order to suppress the Philippine Declaration of Independence. Nine USMA alumni were among the 86 men who received the medal for their involvement in this war.

Boxer Rebellion
The Medal of Honor was given to two USMA alumni who fought in the Boxer Rebellion in China against the Righteous Harmony Society of the Qing Dynasty in order to defend foreigners and Christians in China. Another 57 Americans received the Medal of Honor for participating in this conflict.

Banana Wars
Eli Thompson Fryer is the sole USMA alumnus to have received the Medal of Honor for his involvement in the Banana Wars, supporting the United States occupation of Veracruz. All of the 62 other Americans who received the Medal of Honor for fighting in the Banana Wars were involved specifically in the occupation of Veracruz.

World War I
The United States' involvement in World War I was as a neutral party for most of the war, but included the deployment of expeditionary forces towards the end of the war. Of the 119 Americans who received the Medal of Honor for action in World War I, only one attended USMA: Emory Jenison Pike.

World War II
At the beginning of World War II, the United States was a neutral party just as it was at the beginning of World War I. Unlike in World War I, however, the United States was involved in World War II in a military capacity for most of the war. Ten of the 464 men who received the Medal of Honor for action in World War II were educated at USMA.

Korean War
The United States and twenty other member states of the United Nations supported South Korea in repelling an invasion by North Korea and its allies into South Korea. For their involvement, 133 Americans were presented with the Medal of Honor, two of whom attended USMA.

Vietnam War
The United States and other anti-communist countries fought against North Vietnam and its communist allies during the Vietnam War in an attempt to prevent the communist takeover of South Vietnam and, more broadly, to implement the United States' policy of containment to prevent the spread of communism. Eight of the 246 men who received the Medal of Honor for fighting in this war attended USMA.

See also
 List of American Civil War generals
 List of Medal of Honor recipients

References

Bibliography

External links
 Home of Heroes: West Point Medal of Honor recipients
 Medal of Honor recipients buried at Arlington National Cemetery at www.arlingtoncemetery.net (Unofficial website)

West Point
United States Army
West Point
Academy alumni, famous list
United States Army officers
Med


Kevin Genpo Thew Forrester, also known as Kevin Thew Forrester, is an Episcopal priest since 1994. He has served as Ministry Development Coordinator, as well as serving for Rector/Ministry Developer of St. Paul’s Church in Marquette, Michigan, and St. John’s Church in nearby Negaunee since 2007. Thew Forrester served as bishop-elect of the Episcopal Diocese of Northern Michigan from February through July 2009. Thew Forrester received the title Genpo in 2004.

In February 2009, Thew Forrester was elected as Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Northern Michigan by a special convention of the diocese. In the Episcopal Church, confirmation of a bishop's election requires the consent of a majority of Episcopal Church bishops and diocesan standing committees. On July 27, 2009, the Episcopal Church of the United States announced that Thew Forrester's election had failed to achieve this consent from a majority of the 110 diocesan standing committees, in which a majority of them rejecting the election. A press account stated that this was the first time in 77 years, since 1932, that the election of an Episcopal Church Bishop was nullified. The last candidate rejected on strictly theological grounds was James DeKoven in 1875 for his ritualist practices.

Published works
I Have Called You Friends: An Invitation to Ministry (Church Publishing, 2003)

References

External links
Bishop Elected in Episcopal Church Holds Buddhist Ordination

American Episcopal clergy
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Priests


Dick Walters (born 1946/1947) is an American former college basketball coach.  He coached the Evansville Purple Aces men's basketball team from 1978 to 1985.  Walters was hired after the entire 1977–78 Evansville team perished in a plane crash during the season in December 1977.

Walters is a graduate of Illinois State University and achieved a record of 202–56 in the junior college ranks at the College of DuPage prior to accepting the Evansville Purple Aces men's basketball job.

Following the Purple Aces NCAA appearance in 1982, Walters interviewed for the University of Wisconsin–Madison head coaching position but chose to remain at Evansville with a new five-year contract.

Head coaching record

College

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
1940s births
Living people
American men's basketball coaches
Evansville Purple Aces men's basketball coaches
Illinois State University alumni
Junior college men's basketball coaches in the United States


Noris Joffre (born October 27, 1966) is a Puerto Rican actress and comedian. Born in Miami, Florida, the biological child of a Panamanian father, Carlos Guillermo Escalante, and an Irish mother, Kathleen Ryan Messier. She was given the name Theresa Ann Ryan by her biological mother and surrendered for adoption.

Her professional life has been centered in Puerto Rico, where she may be best known for her comedic depiction of former Governor Sila Calderón. She has worked on local TV stations as well as local theater. She is currently a co-host of a daily daytime show, Entre Nosotras on WAPA-TV. Joffre is married to actor José Brocco.

External links

"Noris Joffre llora por optar por Univision", metro.pr; accessed April 7, 2016.
"Noris Joffre sin freno en el teatro y la televisión en Miami"; accessed April 7, 2016.
"Noris Joffre está doblemente feliz por su integración al 'Show de Alexis Valdés'",   primerahora.com; accessed April 7, 2016.
Noris Joffre se une al "'Show de Alexis Valdés' de Punto 2", primerahora.com; accessed April 7, 2016.
"Noris Joffre está afincaíta a Univisión: La comediante se integrará oficialmente a 'Despierta América'}, primerahora.com; accessed April 7, 2016.
"Noris Joffre se une al elenco de la telenovela Cosita linda", primerahora.com; accessed April 7, 2016.
"Noris Joffre vuelve a ser 'ilegal': La actriz regresa a programa de comedia de Univisión Puerto Rico, elnuevodia.com; accessed April 7, 2016.
"Con vida nueva Noris Joffre: La actriz contará sus experiencias en un libro", elnuevodia.com; accessed April 7, 2016.
"Revela el feliz final del drama real de su vida: La actriz se reencontró con su madre biológica", elnuevodia.com; accessed April 7, 2016.

1966 births
Living people
Puerto Rican people of Panamanian descent
Puerto Rican people of Irish descent
Puerto Rican comedians
Puerto Rican soap opera actresses
Puerto Rican television actresses
Actresses from Miami
21st-century American comedians
21st-century American actresses


Ah! Kai na 'moun antras () is a 1966 Greek black and white comedy film directed and written by Stefanos Fotiadis and starring Maro Kontou, Dionyssis Papayannopoulos, Nikos Rizos and Giorgos Moutsios.

Plot

Frustrated and unemployed after being sexually harassed repeatedly, Stella poses as her brother, Alekos, an immigrant from Australia, hoping to get a job. She immediately wins the trust of her employers and soon gets promoted to management. Trouble starts when she falls in love with her boss' son.

Cast
Maro Kontou ..... Stella/Alekos
Dionyssis Papayannopoulos ..... Othon Belalis
Giannis Mihalopoulos Savas Makryheris
Nikos Rizos ..... Pavlos
Giorgos Moutsios ..... Andreas Belalis
Popi Deligianni ..... Georgia
Manolis Destounis ..... police officer
Giorgios Grigoriou ..... passer-by
Takis Christoforidis ..... Stella's boss
Loukas Milonas
Nana Skiada ..... Aphrodite Belali
Katerina Gioulaki ..... Vaso

See also
List of Greek films

External links

Ah! Kai na 'moun antras at cine.gr

1966 films
1966 comedy films
1960s Greek-language films
Greek comedy films


Abándames is one of eight parishes (administrative divisions) in Peñamellera Baja, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

The population is 158 (INE 2011).

Parishes in Peñamellera Baja


The 1988–89 season was Manchester United's 87th season in the Football League, and their 14th consecutive season in the top division of English football.
Despite finishing second in the 1987–88 season, Manchester United did not play in the UEFA Cup in 1988–89 due to the ban on English clubs in Europe since the Heysel stadium disaster.

Former Manchester United striker Mark Hughes returned to the club following spells at Barcelona and Bayern Munich, finishing the season as PFA Player of the Year and also as United's joint top scorer alongside Brian McClair with 16 goals in all competitions.

United had tried to sign midfielder Paul Gascoigne from Newcastle United in the close season, but lost out to Tottenham Hotspur.

17-year-old winger Lee Sharpe was signed from Torquay United and became a semi-regular player, appearing either as a left-back or a left-winger. Full-back Lee Martin, who had made his debut at the end of the previous season, became a regular choice on either side of defence during the season. Striker Mark Robins made his debut early in the season and turned out 10 times for the first team, starting just once. Young midfielder Russell Beardsmore scored and set up two goals in United's 3–1 win over Liverpool on New Year's Day, in one of his first appearances for the senior side. Midfielders Deiniol Graham and Tony Gill also broke into the first team during the season, but made only occasional appearances, and Gill suffered a broken ankle which would eventually force him into retirement. 19-year-old winger Giuliano Maiorana was signed from non-league Histon and played six times for the first team, including a highly promising performance in a 1–1 home draw with Arsenal in the league.

Also new to the squad was goalkeeper Jim Leighton, who conceded just 35 goals in 38 league games and kept 15 clean sheets. Mid-season signings were defender Mal Donaghy from Luton Town and winger Ralph Milne from Bristol City. It was the final season at the club for Gordon Strachan, who left in March, and was followed at the end of the season by the departures of Norman Whiteside and Paul McGrath, while Remi Moses retired due to injury.

United had a slow start in the league, including a nine-match winless run incorporating eight draws and a defeat, from September to November, followed by a mid-season run of strong form which lifted them from mid table to the top three, before a run of disappointing results to the season dragged them down to 11th place in the final table. They suffered an early exit from the League Cup and lost their final chance of silverware in March when they were beaten by Nottingham Forest at Old Trafford in the FA Cup quarter-finals.

By the end of the season, it was clear the United squad needed further strengthening to push for honours in 1989–90. For several months, United had been strongly linked to the signature of English international midfielder Neil Webb, who had expressed his desire to leave Nottingham Forest after four successful seasons. A deal was soon agreed to sign the player, along with a deal to sign Norwich City midfielder Mike Phelan.

Pre-season
Manchester United talisman Mark Hughes returned to Old Trafford in 1988 after spells in Europe with Barcelona and Bayern Munich for a club record fee of £1.8 million. But Ferguson's other high-profile target, Paul Gascoigne, turned down an opportunity to move to Manchester United despite a verbal agreement between Ferguson and the player and a Maltese holiday paid for by the United manager. Ferguson signed Jim Leighton from former club Aberdeen for £750,000 in order to fill the goalkeeping void left by the retiring Gary Bailey, the underperforming Chris Turner and the injury-prone Gary Walsh.

Season performance
Manchester United's inconsistency was highlighted early on, recording three consecutive wins; following the 2–0 victory over West Ham United towards the end of September, before failing to record another one until early December, ten games later. Manchester United also recorded six wins from seven games between Boxing Day 1988 and 11 February 1989 before their league season faltered, recording just three more victories in the season.

With the club failing to achieve in the league, many fans began to realise that the cups would be the only realistic opportunity for silverware. They needed three games to defeat Queens Park Rangers in the FA Cup third round, before hitting four past Oxford United in the fourth. United's three biggest attendances for the season came in the FA Cup, highlighting its importance to the fans, though the campaign eventually ended in defeat at the hands of Brian Clough's Nottingham Forest side in the quarter finals.

Manchester United were also unsuccessful in the season's League Cup; after confidently defeating Rotherham United over two legs, they lost 2–1 to Wimbledon at Plough Lane and were knocked out of the competition.

Pre-season and friendlies

First Division

FA Cup

League Cup

Football League Centenary Trophy

Events of the season

Before the season began, Paul Gascoigne snubbed Manchester United in favour of a national record move from Newcastle United to Tottenham Hotspur for £2 million, and there was also talk of a similar fee being paid for PSV Eindhoven sweeper Ronald Koeman, who helped the Netherlands win UEFA Euro 1988.

Norman Whiteside and Paul McGrath had been transfer listed at the end of the previous season but the lack of interest in them disappointed Alex Ferguson, who had re-signed striker Mark Hughes from FC Barcelona and brought in goalkeeper Jim Leighton from Aberdeen as successor to Sheffield Wednesday bound Chris Turner. Gordon Strachan agreed terms with Lens of France for a £100,000 transfer, but the deal fell through. Paul McGrath then came off the transfer list at his own request. The Times and The Sunday Times Archive - Sample Search

On 24 September 1988, Ferguson gave debuts to 17-year-old winger Lee Sharpe and 19-year-old striker Mark Robins in the 2–0 home win over West Ham United in the First Division. This saw United occupy fifth place in the league, level on points with Southampton, a single point behind defending champions Liverpool and newly promoted Millwall, and three points behind surprise leaders Norwich City. Page not found However, a 10-match winless league run (8 draws and 2 defeats) followed Page not found, dragging them to 11th place in the table by 27 November. Page not found The winless streak ended on 3 December with an impressive 3–0 home win over Charlton Athletic. Page not found

While United were on their winless streak, they sold out of favour striker Peter Davenport to Middlesbrough for £700,000. The Times and The Sunday Times Archive - Sample Search They also failed in their Football League Cup quest when they lost 2–1 to Wimbledon at Plough Lane. Brian McClair scored their only goal of the game, while both of Wimbledon's goals were scored by former United striker Terry Gibson. The Times and The Sunday Times Archive - Sample Search

Alex Ferguson continued to build for the future in November by making a £20,000 move for 21-year-old midfielder Paul Dalton from non-league Brandon United. The Times and The Sunday Times Archive - Sample Search He also signed 22-year-old winger Giuliano Maiorana from non-league Histon for £30,000. The Times and The Sunday Times Archive - Sample Search

Five days before Christmas, Jean Busby, wife of legendary former manager and current club president Sir Matt, died after a long illness at the age of 80. The Times and The Sunday Times Archive - Sample Search

A thrilling clash with Liverpool at Old Trafford on New Year's Day was dominated by 19-year-old midfielder Russell Beardsmore, who scored his first goal for the club and lifted them to sixth in the league, while Liverpool were fifth, and Arsenal and Norwich City were level at the top of the league. Page not found

Soon after this successful result, Manchester United were reported to be among the clubs interested in signing Nottingham Forest and England midfielder Neil Webb, who was told by manager Brian Clough that he could leave the City Ground for around £1.5 million after stating that he did not want to sign a new contract. The Times and The Sunday Times Archive - Sample Search

By 11 February, United were third in the league thanks to a 2–0 win over Sheffield Wednesday that completed a four-match winning run in the First Division, though they were still 11 points behind leaders Arsenal (who had a game in hand) and 8 points behind second placed Norwich City. Page not found

Manchester United reached the FA Cup quarter-finals (for the first time since they won the competition four years ago) with a 1–0 home win over AFC Bournemouth in the fifth round replay. Page not found, but their last chance of silverware ended when they lost 1–0 at home to Nottingham Forest in the FA Cup quarter-final.

Their form in the final weeks of the league campaign was dismal, as they finished 11th at the end of a season which had begun with such high hopes. Alex Ferguson remained determined to turn his side into title contenders, and just after the season ended he joined the race to sign England winger Trevor Steven, who had been put on the transfer list by Everton. The Times and The Sunday Times Archive - Sample Search, but was beaten to his signature by Rangers.

A £600,000 offer for Fiorentina and Sweden defender Glenn Hysén was accepted, but he opted to join Liverpool instead.

Several other high-profile names were also mentioned in the media as Ferguson attempted to strengthen his squad. These included West Ham United midfielder Paul Ince, Southampton winger Danny Wallace, Nottingham Forest midfielder Neil Webb and Norwich City midfielder Mike Phelan. The Times and The Sunday Times Archive - Sample Search

Squad statistics

References

Manchester United F.C. seasons
Manchester United


Joseph Dominic Callero (born August 26, 1962) is an American college basketball coach, most recently the head men's basketball coach at California Polytechnic State University-San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly). He replaced outgoing coach Kevin Bromley in 2009.

Prior to accepting the job at Cal Poly, Callero spent eight seasons as the head coach at Seattle University.

Callero grew up with his Italian Catholic family in Enumclaw, Washington, and is one of 16 children. He is married to his wife of 25 years, Erika and has a 21 year old daughter.

Head coaching record

References

External links
 Cal Poly profile
 Seattle profile

1962 births
Living people
American men's basketball coaches
American people of Italian descent
Basketball coaches from Washington (state)
College men's basketball head coaches in the United States
Cal Poly Mustangs men's basketball coaches
Central Washington University alumni
High school basketball coaches in Washington (state)
Junior college men's basketball coaches in the United States
People from Enumclaw, Washington
People from Mercer Island, Washington
Puget Sound Loggers men's basketball coaches
Seattle Redhawks men's basketball coaches
Basketball players from King County, Washington
USC Trojans men's basketball coaches


Panamanian literature comprises the whole of literary works written in Panama. The first literature relating to Panama can be dated to 1535, with a modern literary movement appearing from the mid-19th century onwards

Early literature
Panamanian historian and essayist Rodrigo Miró (1912-1996) cites Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés as being the author of the first Panamanian literary work, the story of a character named Andrea de la Roca, which was published as part of the "Historia General y Natural de Las Indias" (1535).

The first literature from Panamanian born authors comes from the 17th century with the title of "Llanto de Panamá a la muerte de don Enrique Enríquez" (Crying from Panama at the Death of Don Enrique Enríquez). Although this anthology was formed during the Colony, most of the poems in it were written by authors born in Panama.

A modern literary movement appeared in Panama from the mid-19th century onwards.

Poetry

During the Colony
Rodrigo Miró in his "Itinerario de la Poesía en Panamá" (Poetry Itinerary in Panama) talks about various Spanish authors: Mateo Rosas de Oquendo, author of an autobiographic romance; Juan de Miramontes y Zuázola, author of "Armas Antárticas" (Antarctic Weapons); Juan de Páramo y Cepeda, author of "Alteraciones del Dariel" (Dariel Alterations); and others. Also, in this period arose the author of "La Política del Mundo" (World Politics), Víctor de la Guardia y Ayala. "La Política del Mundo" is a "stage play" that was performed for the first time in 1809. The importance of Víctor de la Guardia y Ayala is that he was born in Panama, contrary to others that came from Spain and, for this reason, for a while he was considered the "first Panamanian poet".

However, the discovery of some manuscripts which come from the 17th century caused the revision of this idea, because the first reference from this period which indicates a written production by Panamanian authors (in other words, born in Panama) dates from 1638 and it is an anthology called "Llanto de Panamá a la muerte de don Enrique Enríquez" (Crying from Panama at the Death of Don Enrique Enríquez). This anthology groups works written for the death of Enrique Enríquez, governor of Panama. It was edited for the first time in Madrid (1642) and its author was Mateo Ribera (Panamanian); also he wrote many poems in this work. Although most of "Llanto de Panamá"´s poems were written by Panamanians, it has many works written by Spanish authors.

This discovery was accomplished by the Spanish diplomat Antonio Serrano de Haro, who also studied these manuscripts. A new version of this anthology was published at 1984 in a combined job between the Universidad de Panamá and the "Instituto de Cultura Hispánica". This discovery confirms, in fact, that the first Panamanian literary manifestations (found until now) come from the 17th century.

Romanticism
Panama was not isolated from revolutionary movements which were seeking the independence of colonies from Spain. The drive for independence was accomplished with the Independence of Panama from Spain on November 28, 1821. As in other colonies, Panamanian Romanticism was related to, and influenced by, libertarian and nationalist notions.  Much of the literature of the period was produced by amateur authors; professional authors remained few.

Among the first romantic Panamanian poets were Manuel María Ayala (1785–1824) and Tomás Miró Rubini (1800–1881), followed by José María Alemán (1830–1887), Gil Colunje (1831–1899), Tomás Martín Feuillet (1832–1899), José Dolores Urriola (1834–1883), Amelia Denis de Icaza (1836–1911), Manuel José Pérez (1837–1895), Jeronimo de la Ossa (1847–1907), Federico Escobar (1861–1912) and Rodolfo Caicedo (1868–1905).

Romantic poetry, tinged with notions of nationalism, would be the main theme in Panamanian poetic works until the mid-20th century when avant-garde poetry arrived in Panama.

Modernism
In 1903, Panama separated from Colombia; this time saw the peak of modernism in Hispanic literature. The first modernist was Darío Herrera (1870–1914), friend and follower of Rubén Darío, whom he met in Buenos Aires. Another important poet was León Antonio Soto (1874–1902), who died at a young age when tortured by the police for having championed the cause of Panama.

Two literary magazines focused mainly on the dissemination of the modernist movement: El Heraldo del Istmo (1904–1906), directed by Guillermo Andreve (1879–1940), and Nuevos Ritos (1907), founded by Ricardo Miró (1883–1940). Ricardo Miró is perhaps the most prominent poet of Panamanian modernism. His poem "Patria" (1909) is also famous.

At this time, Gaspar Octavio Hernández (1893–1918), author of Melodías del pasado (1915) and La copa de amatista (1923), was also active. Other notable poets of the same generation were María Olimpia de Obaldía (1891–1985) and Demetrio Korsi (1899–1957).

1930 to present
Since 1930, coinciding with the "Communal Action" (Acción Comunal) youth revolution, a new generation of poets, grouped around the magazine Antena, distanced itself from modernist rhetoric, instead approaching the avant-garde. The main reference for this transformation was Rogelio Sinán (Taboga, 1902 – Panamá, 1994), an author who had traveled in Europe and visited the surrealists in Paris. Onda (1929) shows the influence of pure poetry; other major works by Sinan include Incendios (1944) and Semana Santa en la niebla (1949), in which dreamlike elements show his surrealist affiliation.

Surrealism is also evident in the work of Ricardo J. Bermúdez (1914), whose most famous work is Laurel de cenizas (1951). The work of Demetrio Herrera Sevillano (1902–1950) is also a part of this avant-garde movement; his work was greatly influenced by ultraísmo.

Another poet of this era, who was also a short-story writer and journalist, was Mario Augusto Rodríguez (1917). In 1957, he published his poetry collection Canto de amor para la Patría novia, a poetic history of the Panamanian nation.

Other major poets of this era include Stella Sierra, Roque Javier Laurenza, Ofelia Hooper, Tobías Díaz Blaitry (1919–2006), Tristán Solarte (1934), José de Jesús Martínez, Diana Morán (1932), Alvaro Menéndez Franco (1932), Luis Carlos Jiménez Varela, José Guillermo Ross-Zanet (1930), José Franco (1931), and Elsie Alvarado de Ricord (1928–2005).

Major poets of the next generation included Benjamín Ramón (1939), Bertalicia Peralta (1939), Ramón Oviero (1939–2008), Moravia Ochoa López (1941), Dimas Lidio Pitty (1941-2015), Roberto Fernández Iglesias (1941), Eric Arce (1942), Enrique Jaramillo Levi (1944), Jarl Ricardo Babot (1945), Giovanna Benedetti (1950), Manuel Orestes Nieto (1951), Moisés Pascual (1955), Consuelo Tomás (1957), Leoncio Obando (b. Lidice, 1959 - d. La Chorrera, 2023), Héctor M. Collado (1960), and Pablo Menacho (1960).

At the end of the 20th century emerged a new generation of poets, who began to publish after 1990. Major poets of this era include Javier Romero Hernández (Chorrera, 1983), Sofía Santim (Panamá, 1982), Javier Alvarado (Santiago de Veraguas, 1982), Salvador Medina Barahona (Mariabé de Pedasí, 1973), Eyra Harbar Gomez (Bocas del Toro, 1972), Ela Urriola (Panama, 1971), Aura Benjamín (Panamá, 1970), Porfirio Salazar (1970), Katia Chiari (Panamá, 1969), and Alexander Zanches (David, Chiriquí, 1968).

Narrative

Modernism and the first Panamanian books
The short story in Panama can be said to have begun formally in 1903, when Darío Herrera (1870–1914) published the first book of stories by a Panamanian author, Horas Lejanas, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Since this time, the short story has been the most important literary genre in Panama.

Nearly all modernist and postmodernist poets in Panama published stories during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Of these, Salomón Ponce Aguilera (1868–1945), Guillermo Andreve, Gaspar Octavio Hernández (1883–1940), and Ricardo Miró (1883–1940) stand out as poets whose short stories, often scattered and unpublished, were picked up and commented on by writer Mario Augusto Rodríguez in 1956. Other important authors of this period include José María Núñez (1894–1990), Moisés Castillo (1899–1974), and Gil Blas Tejeira (1901–1975).

Themes of the countryside and the canal in narrative
One notable author of the next generation was Rogelio Sinán (1902-1994), author of the novel Plenilunio and the collections of stories A la orilla de las estatuas maduras (1946), La boina roja y cinco cuentos (1954), Cuentos de Rogelio Sinán (1971), and El candelabro de los malos ofidios (1982). Other authors of this generation included Lucas Bárcenas (1906–1992), César Candanedo (1906–1993), Renato Ozores (1910–2001), Alfredo Cantón (1910-1967), Ricardo Bermúdez (1914–2000), Mario Augusto Rodríguez (Santiago de Veraguas, 1917) (author of Campo Adentro (1947), Luna en Veraguas (1948), and Los ultrajados (1994)), José María Sánchez (1918–1973), Ramón H. Jurado (1922–1978), Joaquín Beleño (1921), Carlos Francisco Changmarín (1922), Jorge Turner (1922), Tristán Solarte (1924) and José Guillermo Ros-Zanet (1930). In this generation, authors cultivated nationalistic themes, either from the point of view of the cities at each end of the Panama Canal and their relation to the Canal Zone, or from rural point of view from the interior of the country.

Universal themes
The next generation is that of authors born since 1932. Many of these authors are still producing literary works. Major authors of this generation include Ernesto Endara (1932), Álvaro Menéndez Franco (1932), Enrique Chuez (1934), Justo Arroyo (1936), Rosa María Britton (1936), Victoria Jiménez Vélez (1937), Pedro Rivera (1939), Benajamín Ramón (1939), Beatríz Valdés (1940), Gloria Guardia (1940), Dimas Lidio Pitty (1941), Moravia Ochoa López (1941), Mireya Hernández (1942–2006), Enrique Jaramillo Levi (1944), Isabel Herrera de Taylor (1944), Raúl Leis (1947), Giovanna Benedetti (1949), Lupita Quirós Athanasiadis (1950), Rey Barría (1951), Ramón Fonseca Mora (1952), Herastro Reyes (1952–2005), Claudio de Castro (1957), Consuelo Tomás (1957), Yolanda Hackshaw (1958), Allen Patiño (1959), Rafael Alexis Álvarez (1959), Ariel Barría Alvarado (1959), Héctor Collado (1960), Gonzalo Menéndez González (1960), David Robinson Orobio (1960), Erika Harris (1963), and Rogelio Guerra Ávila (1963). This generation is notable for its abandonment of criollismo as a narrative theme in favor of universal themes, and in some cases, emphasizing dream and fantasy.

Twenty-first century narrative
Publishing for the first time in the 1990s, the newest generation of Panamanian storytellers has emerged. Among these writers are Carlos Fong (1967), Carlos Oriel Wynter Melo (1971), Javier Stanziola (1971), José Luis Rodríguez Pittí (1971), Melanie Taylor (1972), Lili Mendoza (1974), Lilian Guevara (1974), Roberto Pérez-Franco (1976), Gloria Melania Rodríguez (1981), and Annabel Miguelena (1984).
This generation is characterized by the use of short fiction, poetic and imaginative language, and human themes, in which the individual stands out above a chaotic, typically urban environment.

References

External links
 Noticias: literatura en Panamá—Weekly newsletter from the Asociación de Escritores de Panamá (in Spanish).
 miniTEXTOS.org—Very short stories, poems and essays by Panamanian writers (in Spanish).

Latin American literature by country
Spanish-language literature


Alevia is one of eight parishes (administrative divisions) in Peñamellera Baja, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

In 2011, the population of the parish is 60.

References

Parishes in Peñamellera Baja


The Paso de Jama is a mountain pass through the Andes between Chile and Argentina, at an elevation of  at the border. It is the northernmost road border crossing between the two countries. The pass is reached via Chile Route 27 and via National Route 52 (Argentina). The Chile Route 27 reaches an altitude according to OpenStreetMap of  at   in a road distance of  west of the border, making it one of the highest highways in South America.

The pass links the city of Jujuy in Argentina with San Pedro de Atacama in Chile.  The road was opened on 6 December 1991, and has been paved throughout 2005. It is open throughout the year, although occasionally closed by snow. It is used by truck traffic between northern Argentina and Paraguay and the ports of northern Chile.

The Argentine border station is five kilometers east of the border in the small settlement of Jama at ,   As of at least 2016 this site offers joint entry/exit processing by Chilean and Argentine authorities for customs, immigration, and other checks.

There is an additional Chilean border station at San Pedro de Atacama, 160 km from the pass.

References

External links

Enjoy Argentina website
Argentine Gendarmeria website (in Spanish)

Mountain passes of Chile
Mountain passes of Argentina
Mountain passes of the Andes
Argentina–Chile border crossings
Landforms of Antofagasta Region


The AMD Patriot is a light sport aircraft produced by Aircraft Manufacturing and Design Co. In 2007 AMD announced that they intended to produce a high-wing, all metal, tricycle gear aircraft with a Continental O-200 engine to compete with the Cessna Skycatcher.

Specifications

See also
AMD Alarus

References

External links
 https://web.archive.org/web/20081004132042/http://www.silverskyaviation.com/pages/patriot150.html

2000s United States civil utility aircraft
Light-sport aircraft
Patriot
Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft


Area 2 is a division of the Nevada Test Site in the Mojave Desert. The area is located 18 miles south-west of Area 51.

Area 2 was the site of 144 tests comprising 169 detonations. Shot "Gabbs" a detonation test, was intended for early 1993 but was cancelled in 1992 due to a pre-emptive stop of testing based arount the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty.

Gallery

References

Area 02


Buelles is one of eight parishes (administrative divisions) in Peñamellera Baja, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

The population is 110 (INE 2011).

Parishes in Peñamellera Baja


Cuñaba is one of eight parishes (administrative divisions) in Peñamellera Baja, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. It is located in the Picos de Europa National Park.

The population is 47 (INE 2011).

Parishes in Peñamellera Baja


Game 6 of the 1998 NBA Finals was a professional basketball game that was played on June 14, 1998 between the visiting Chicago Bulls and the Utah Jazz at the Delta Center, in Salt Lake City, Utah. The game is widely cited as one of the most intense and iconic games in NBA history, and it is best known for Bulls superstar Michael Jordan executing a quick cross-over on Jazz forward Bryon Russell, and then hitting a jumpshot from behind the free throw line with 5.2 seconds remaining in the 4th quarter to put the Bulls up 87-86. Chicago then held on to win after John Stockton missed a 3-point field goal,  winning their sixth NBA championship in eight years. Game 6 was the final game with the Bulls for Michael Jordan and coach Phil Jackson (both would retire from the National Basketball Association (NBA), then eventually return). This game earned, and still holds, the highest TV ratings of an NBA game of all time.

Background

Both the Utah Jazz and the Chicago Bulls finished the regular season tied for the best record in the NBA at 62–20. The Jazz defeated the Los Angeles Lakers in the Western Conference finals, and the Bulls defeated the Indiana Pacers in the Eastern Conference finals, setting up a rematch of the prior year's NBA Finals, which the Bulls won in six games. The Jazz swept the regular season series against the Bulls 2–0, giving them the tiebreaker for home-court advantage.

In the Finals series, the Jazz won Game 1, while the Bulls won Games 2–4. At the United Center in Game 5, Michael Jordan missed a potential game-winning 3-pointer at the buzzer, allowing the Jazz to stave off elimination with an 83–81 victory and return to Utah for Game 6 and a potential Game 7. None of the previous five Finals appearances for the Bulls had gone to a Game 7.

Game summary

Scottie Pippen scored the opening basket on a slam dunk that aggravated a back injury, causing him pain and difficulty moving throughout the game. Pippen was limited to 8 points on 4–7 shooting in 26 minutes played. Michael Jordan took 35 of the Bulls' 67 shots, leading the team in scoring and minutes played with 45 points in 44 minutes. Karl Malone led the Jazz in both categories with 31 points in 43 minutes.

In the first half of the game, while the Jazz led 28–24 with just under 10 minutes left in the second quarter, Jazz guard Howard Eisley saved a pass that almost sent the ball out of bounds. As the shot clock was running down, Jazz forward/center Antoine Carr passed the ball a long distance to Shandon Anderson, but the ball flew over Anderson's hands. Eisley caught the ball and hit a 3-pointer, but referee Dick Bavetta ruled that Eisley released the ball after the shot clock expired. Replays showed that the ball had left Eisley's hands with a second left on the shot clock  (the NBA did not use instant replay to review calls until 2002). Calling the game for NBC, Bob Costas narrated a replay of Eisley's shot: "See if the ball isn't out of his hand. One second...it's on the way, and they missed the call." Jazz head coach Jerry Sloan opted not to argue the call because it may risk a second technical foul which could lead to ejection. In the second half, Bulls guard Ron Harper made a jump shot as the shot clock went off that tied it at 79; at the NBC play-by-play, Costas announced that Harper released the ball on time, but commentator Isiah Thomas, narrating a replay of Harper's shot, considered it to be "a tough call."  At the replay, Costas indicated the call was likely missed and gave context: "If they missed that call, it’s a five-point swing in missed calls on shot-clock situations. They took a Howard Eisley three away, wrongly, in the first half. This one was even closer but it appeared that Harper may have been just a fraction of a second behind the shot clock.”  Thomas concluded, "I think that was a shot clock violation."

Although the Jazz held a 49–45 lead at halftime and a 66–61 at the end of the 3rd quarter, they let them slip away in the fourth. John Stockton hit a 3-pointer with 41.9 seconds left to give the Jazz an 86–83 lead. Michael Jordan scored a layup on the following possession to cut the lead to one. With 18.9 seconds left and the Jazz in possession, Jordan stole the ball from Karl Malone in the low post and dribbled down the court. Bryon Russell guarded Jordan as time wound down. Jordan drove inside the 3-point line, and executed a quick cross-over.  Jordan then hit a 20-footer to give the Bulls an 87–86 lead with 5.2 seconds left. Neil Funk made the call for the Bulls' radio network.

Bob Costas, calling the game on television for NBC, had this call.

Then as the replays of Jordan's shot were being shown, Costas added.

Utah called timeout to set up the final play of the game. John Stockton took the inbound pass, and missed a game-winning 3-pointer that would've sent the series to a Game 7, and the Bulls celebrated. It was mentioned by Costas that Ron Harper may have blocked the ball with his fingertips. Antoine Carr was open during the shot, but the rebound went just out of his reach. The game was Jordan's final shot as a Bulls player and his 25th game-winning shot for Chicago.

Box score

Broadcasting
In the United States, the NBC television network broadcast the game and all other 1998 NBA Finals games live under the NBA on NBC series. The game registered a 22.3 Nielsen rating and 38 share with average 35.9 million viewers - the highest rated and most watched game in the history of the NBA, 72 million people in the US watched at least part of the game. The previous record was a 21.2 rating and 37 share for Game 7 of the 1988 NBA Finals between the Los Angeles Lakers and Detroit Pistons.

Legacy
Michael Jordan's game-winner to put the Bulls up 87–86 with 5.2 seconds left is remembered as one of the greatest plays in NBA history. In 2010, John Hollinger of ESPN ranked Jordan's last shot as a Bulls player fourth among 50 best single-game performances. The shot was recreated for the 2006 television ad "Second Generation".

The officiating of this game continued to be discussed decades later. In 2008, Tim Buckley of the Deseret News (a daily newspaper published in Salt Lake City) wrote in a profile of Jazz coach Jerry Sloan that the calls involving Howard Eisley and Ron Harper "to this day continue to be discussed and debated by disgruntled Jazz faithful."

Bryon Russell remarked in 2009: "Whether he pushed off or not, he was making that shot." John Stockton said Jordan did push off, but he would not have called it as an offensive foul. In The Last Dance documentary, Jordan shared his thoughts. "Everybody said I pushed off," Jordan told the documentary crew. "Bullshit. His energy was going that way. I didn't have to push him."

In 2009, Jordan mentioned Russell in his Hall of Fame induction speech, recalling an interaction they had during Jordan's first retirement in 1994: "[A]t this time, I had no thoughts of coming back and playing the game of basketball. Bryon Russell came over to me and said, 'Why did you quit? You know I could guard you.' ... From this day forward, if I ever see [Russell] in shorts, I'm coming at him." In response, Russell challenged Jordan to a game of one-on-one for charity. Such a match-up has not yet taken place, though the Utah Flash of the NBA Development League did stage a halftime game between Russell and a Jordan look-alike. The Flash offered refunds to fans who expected Jordan actually to appear.

After Michael Jordan retired, interest in the NBA declined, especially after the 1998–99 NBA lockout. Commenting on how the 1999 NBA Finals had the lowest TV ratings for a Finals series since 1981, Eric Boehlert wrote in Salon.com: "Viewers stayed away because the season had been shortened; Michael Jordan had just retired; the Spurs and the Knicks faced each other in the Finals." Game 5 of the 2000 NBA Finals had only half as many viewers as Game 6 of the 1998 NBA Finals. However, Game 5 of the 2001 Finals, when the Los Angeles Lakers won their second consecutive championship under former Bulls coach Phil Jackson, had the highest ratings of a championship-winning game on the network since Game 6 of the 1998 Finals. NBC's broadcast rights to NBA games expired after the 2002 NBA Finals, when the Lakers won their third consecutive championship under former Bulls coach Phil Jackson. The 2003 NBA Finals, now on ABC had even worse ratings (9.8 million), and only 11.5 million watched the 2005 Finals; the San Antonio Spurs won both years.

References

External links

National Basketball Association playoff games
National Basketball Association Finals
1997–98 NBA season
June 1998 sports events in the United States
1998 in sports in Utah
Basketball competitions in Salt Lake City
Michael Jordan
Chicago Bulls games
Utah Jazz games


Merodio is one of eight parishes (administrative divisions) in Peñamellera Baja, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, located in northern Spain.

The population was 90 in 2013.

References

Parishes in Peñamellera Baja


The Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Russian Federation to the United States of America is the official representative of the President of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Russian Federation to the President of the United States and the Government of the United States of America.

The ambassador and his staff work at large in the Embassy of Russia in Washington, D.C. The ambassador to the United States is concurrently appointed as the Russian representative to the Organization of American States. The ambassador's residence is located at 1125 16th Street Northwest. There are Consulates General in New York and in Houston. The post of Russian Ambassador to the United States is currently held by Anatoly Antonov, incumbent since 21 August 2017.

List of Ambassadors

Ambassadors of the Russian Empire to the United States of America

Ambassadors of the Russian Provisional Government to the United States of America

Ambassadors of the Soviet Russia/Soviet Union to the United States of America

Ambassadors of the Russian Federation to the United States of America

References

External links

United States
Russia


Kentucky Route 182 (KY 182) is a  state highway in Carter County, Kentucky, that runs from Kentucky Route 986 in rural Carter County south of Grahn to an unknown point on McGlone Creek Road 0.678 miles (1.091 km) past Cedar Run Road in rural Carter County southwest of Carter via Grahn.

Route description
Route 182 begins in rural Carter County (near Grayson Lake State Park) at its junction with KY 986. It runs north to the community of Grahn before turning northwest and running until it reaches US 60 just east of Olive Hill. This section of KY 182 is 8.535 miles and is classified "Rural Secondary" by the Kentucky Department of Transportation.

Route 182 runs concurrent with US 60 for two miles in a north-northeasterly direction, interchanging with I-64 at mile marker 161. It then splits from US 60 and runs north past the entrance to Carter Caves State Resort Park, which is situated west of KY182 near the community of Wolf. It then proceeds northwest until Wesleyville, Kentucky, where it intersects with KY 2. This section of KY 182 is 7.333 miles and is classified "State Secondary" by KDOT. After a short concurrency with Route 2, Route 182 splits off to the northwest and continues until McGlone Creek Road, where state maintenance ends.

Major intersections

References

Further reading

0182
Transportation in Carter County, Kentucky


Elmer Dyer, A.S.C. (August 24, 1892 – February 8, 1970) was an American cinematographer, the first film cameraman to specialize in aerial photography.

Dyer was born in Lawrence, Kansas, and died in Hollywood. He first worked for Universal starting in 1912. During World War II Dyer was assigned to the Army's Motion Picture Unit. He was nominated for an Academy Award for his photography in Air Force (1943).

Selected filmography
 Code of the Northwest (1926)

References

External links

1892 births
1970 deaths
People from Lawrence, Kansas
American cinematographers
Burials at Hollywood Forever Cemetery
United States Army personnel of World War II


Panes is one of eight parishes (administrative divisions) in Peñamellera Baja, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

The population is 568 (INE 2011).

The Bowling Museum of Asturias is located in the parish.

Parishes in Peñamellera Baja


"And in the End..." is the 331st and final episode of the American television series ER. The two-hour episode aired on NBC on April 2, 2009 and was preceded by a one-hour retrospective special.

Plot
Dr. Tony Gates (John Stamos) treats a teenage girl in a coma with alcohol poisoning after she played drinking games with her friends. Gates calls the police when he discovers that the parents of the girl's friend supplied the alcohol, and has the friend's father arrested. Later, the girl's parents arrive and request she be transferred to Mercy Hospital. Before she can be transferred, the girl finally awakens but just thrashes around and is sent for a new CT to diagnose possible brain damage.

Dr. Julia Wise (Alexis Bledel), new to County General, treats a gay HIV-positive patient who has severe breathing difficulties.  It is discovered he has terminal cancer. With the support of his partner, he decides not to seek treatment, as he has already outlived most of his friends who died at the height of the AIDS epidemic in the 1980s.

An elderly patient named Beverly (Jeanette Miller) is brought in by a fire engine with a broken wrist, and comments on Dr. Archie Morris' (Scott Grimes) "soft and strong" hands. She is later claimed by her daughter, as she had wandered off before her accident.  She returns later, having wandered off again but otherwise not further injured.

A married couple comes in with the woman going into labour with twins, and John Carter (Noah Wyle) and Simon Brenner (David Lyons) handle the delivery. During the delivery of the second baby, complications set in. It is discovered that the mother has an inverted uterus, and requires an emergency caesarean section. The second baby requires intensive care, and the mother ultimately dies as surgeons attempt to fix the complications.

Mark Greene's daughter Rachel (Hallee Hirsh) is visiting the hospital as a prospective medical student and is interviewing for a spot in the teaching program. She is interviewed primarily by Catherine Banfield (Angela Bassett), who confides to Carter afterwards that she made it through the first cut. Carter shows her around after her interview, giving her a few pointers she will need when she is accepted into medical school.

Carter opens his clinic for the underprivileged, with Peter Benton (Eriq La Salle) and his son Reese (Matthew Watkins), Kerry Weaver (Laura Innes) and Susan Lewis (Sherry Stringfield) among the guests. He named the facility after his late son, Joshua. After the event, he has an awkward reunion with Joshua's mother Kem (Thandie Newton), who is briefly in town; who although is happy to see Carter, rebuffs his efforts to re-connect with her there, but does agree to possibly call him the next morning, giving hope to a possible reconciliation. He also has drinks with his old friends plus Elizabeth Corday (Alex Kingston), who brought Rachel to Chicago for her med school interview. Benton and Corday linger together after everyone else go their separate ways.

Marjorie Manning (Beverly Polcyn), a previous elderly multiple sclerosis patient suffering sepsis and pulmonary edema, comes in with her husband (Ernest Borgnine). Mr. Manning is initially unwilling to let Marjorie go, but with guidance from Dr. Gates, he finally accepts the inevitable. Before Marjorie dies, her daughter arrives, and confides in Samantha Taggart (Linda Cardellini) that her mother was an incredibly difficult person who picked fights with and alienated everyone in her life, but she loved her mom anyway and was inspired by how her father was saint-like in putting up with her miserable behaviour. Sam looks saddened and ashamed as she clearly sees the parallel between Marjorie and herself, and she ends up calling her own estranged mother after Marjorie has died.

It turns out it is Samantha's birthday. Her son Alex (Dominic Janes) reveals her present: a vintage Ford Mustang restored by Alex and Tony, who both decided upon bright red as its color over cobalt blue. Later on, while they are walking back towards the ER, Sam surprises Tony by taking his hand in hers, symbolizing that she has gotten over her previous anger at him, and he smiles and locks his fingers with hers.

A young bride and her new mother-in-law (Marilu Henner) both come in, in separate ambulances, with minor injuries sustained in a drunken brawl at their wedding reception and continue arguing all the way into the treatment rooms. The groom later arrives and is promptly torn between tending to his mother and his new wife.

The episode ends with the beginning of a disaster protocol: an industrial explosion, with a minimum of eight casualties. Dr. Carter, who has decided to stay up all night to wait for his call from Kem and is hanging around the ER with Susan and Rachel, is again pressed into service to assist. Dr. Morris is ordered by Dr. Banfield to triage patients as they arrive. The first patient was thrown 20 feet and is diagnosed as a possible lacerated spleen or liver, to be sent straight to the OR. The second patient has a compound leg fracture with no circulatory impairment, which Dr. Banfield takes herself for an orthopedic consult. The third patient was electrocuted and fell into asystole on the way in, declared DOA. The fourth patient has smoke inhalation, relatively minor burns and pneumothorax, and is set up for a chest tube. The fifth patient had his left arm blown off below the elbow, with nothing left to save; Dr. Gates takes him in to repair the damage. Dr. Morris gives the sixth patient to Dr. Carter: third-degree burns over 90% coverage. As he runs the patient in, Dr. Carter asks Rachel to tag along saying "Dr. Greene, you comin'?", which she does enthusiastically. As Morris continues to triage patients, the original theme music plays and the point of view pulls back, revealing the entire hospital for the first and only time.

Production
The episode was structured "very much like the show's pilot. Like that first episode, it took place over the course of 24 hours, featured a dizzying number of cases — some comical, and some that were dead serious — and showed the life of the ER through eyes both inexperienced ... and jaded." It featured several direct references to the pilot and other early episodes, including: Dr. Archie Morris is woken by veteran nurse Lydia Wright, who had done the same to Dr. Mark Greene in the pilot (the shot is used in several early episodes); Dr. John Carter demonstrating how to start an IV to Rachel Greene exactly as Dr. Peter Benton showed him in the pilot; a comedic scene dealing with a child who had swallowed a rosary, as in the pilot, when a child swallowed a key; and the day marked by cutscenes showing the time at the start of each act as was done in the series' fifth episode, "Into That Good Night", with both episodes starting and ending at 4:00 AM. A portion of the storyline was inspired by the death of producer John Wells' 17-year-old niece, who died of alcohol poisoning in December 2008.

The episode featured full-length opening credits from the first season (albeit with shots and credits added for both the final regular cast, and five of the past stars that appeared) with music by James Newton Howard, the show's original composer. That theme music also played as the camera pulled out and faded at the end of the last scene of the episode, which showed the entire exterior of County General Hospital for the only time in the history of the series, except in high tone and fully in 1080i HD.

Starring
Noah Wyle as Dr. John Carter
Laura Innes as Dr. Kerry Weaver
Sherry Stringfield as Dr. Susan Lewis
David Lyons as Dr. Simon Brenner
Alex Kingston as Dr. Elizabeth Corday
Parminder Nagra as Dr. Neela Rasgotra
John Stamos as Dr. Tony Gates
Linda Cardellini as Nurse Samantha Taggart
Scott Grimes as Dr. Archie Morris
Eriq La Salle as Dr. Peter Benton
Angela Bassett as Dr. Catherine Banfield

Guest starring
Doctors
Alexis Bledel as Dr. Julia Wise - Intern
Emily Rose as Dr. Tracy Martin - Intern
Victor Rasuk as Dr. Ryan Sanchez - Intern
Bresha Webb as Dr. Laverne St. John - Intern

Nurses
Ellen Crawford as Nurse Lydia Wright - first on-screen appearance since 2003
Deezer D as Nurse Malik McGrath
Lily Mariye as Nurse Lily Jarvik
Yvette Freeman as Nurse Haleh Adams
Laura Cerón as Nurse Chuny Marquez
Angel Laketa Moore as Nurse Dawn Archer
Nasim Pedrad as Nurse Suri

Staff
Troy Evans as Desk Clerk Frank Martin
Abraham Benrubi as Desk Clerk Jerry Markovic
Sam Jones III as Chaz Pratt

Paramedics
Loui Liberti as Paramedic Bardelli
Monte Russell as Paramedic Zadro White
Emily Wagner as Paramedic Doris Pickman
Brian Lester as Paramedic Brian Dumar
Lyn Alicia Henderson as Paramedic Pamela Olbes
Demitrius Navarro as Paramedic Morales
Michele C. Bonilla as Paramedic Harms
Brendan Patrick Connor as Paramedic Reidy

Critical reception
In his review in the then-St. Petersburg Times, Eric Deggans called the final episode "a welcome reminder of why the show has lasted 15 years on network television — and proof of why it's now time for the show to go." He continued, "Thanks to cameo appearances by most key actors whose characters remain alive... the episode had the feel of a friendly class reunion... Once upon a time, the cases that filled Thursday's episode would have felt groundbreaking and fresh... But on Thursday, these contrivances felt like shadows echoing other, better episodes long past... Wells echoed the series most consistent theme by showing old and new doctors uniting to handle yet another emergency at the finale's end. But Thursday's episode also proved that NBC's ER called it quits at just the right time, because TV series — unlike medical institutions — should never go on forever."

Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly said he "liked the fact that the surprises were small but effective," while Alan Sepinwall of the Star-Ledger stated, "It wasn't an all-time great finale, but it did what it set out to do." In The Baltimore Sun, David Zurawik said, "I especially liked the final scene with the ER team suiting up and standing ready to respond in the courtyard to the arriving fleet of emergency vehicles loaded with victims of an industrial explosion. Perhaps, it was one last tweak at the critics who said the pilot looked more like a feature film and would never make it as a TV series — because it was definitely a movie ending." The episode received an A− from The A.V. Club.

In 2010, Time magazine ranked the episode as #10 on its list of the most anticipated TV finales.

TV ratings
According to Nielsen ratings, the finale gave NBC "its best ratings on the night in a long time." The first hour received a 9.6 rating and a 15 share, numbers which improved to an 11.1 rating and 19 share in the final hour. Overall the finale attracted an average of 16.2 million viewers.

The series finale of ER scored the highest 18-49 rating for a drama series finale since The X-Files wrapped with a 6.3 on May 19, 2002. In total viewers, ER assembled the biggest overall audience for a drama series finale since Murder, She Wrote concluded with 16.5 million on May 19, 1996.

In Canada, the finale fared even better on a percentage basis with 2.768 million viewers. With ten times less the population, this equates to roughly 27.68 million American viewers.

Awards
At the 2009 Primetime Emmy Awards Rod Holcomb won the Emmy for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series for his work on this episode, while Ernest Borgnine was nominated for the Emmy for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series.

References

ER (TV series) episodes
American television series finales
2009 American television episodes
Emmy Award-winning episodes


"Come On" is a song performed by British electronic duo Kish Mauve. It was written and produced by band members Mima Stilwell and Jim Eliot for their debut album Black Heart (2009).- The song was released as a double A-side single with "Morphine" on 2 March 2009 by YNYS Recordings. In 2011, "Come One" was covered by British singer-songwriter Will Young and released as the second single from his fifth studio album, Echoes (2011).

Track listings
All tracks were written and composed by Mima Stilwell and Jim Eliot.

Release history

Will Young version

"Come On" was covered by British singer-songwriter and actor Will Young. It was released on 21 November 2011 as the second single from his fifth studio album, Echoes (2011). The song peaked at 83 on the UK Singles Chart.

Critical reception
Robert Copsey of Digital Spy gave the song four stars out of five and a called it "far more than a note-for-note rehash. "Walk away, that's what you do," he bawls innocently over bobbing synths courtesy of Richard X, before defiantly calling "come on, come on" to his contrary lover. In fact, even after repeated listens, Young's lounge-pop reinvention still sounds like a different number altogether."

Music video
A music video to accompany the release of "Come On," directed by Chris Sweeney, was first released onto YouTube on 24 October 2011 at a total length of three minutes and twenty-eight seconds.

The video features a young man and his pet at a dog talent show. The pair struggle through most of the rounds, much to the disapproval of the judges and crowd. Later the dog injures its leg during the obstacle course, which the owner attends to and carefully bandages, while a flashback plays of their long relationship since childhood. During the final round of the day, the pair surprised the audience by performing acrobatics and a coordinated dance, causing the crowd to cheer.

Track listing
All tracks written by Mima Stilwell, and Jim Eliot.

Notes
 denotes additional producer
 denotes remix producer

Credits and personnel

 Jim Eliot – additional producer, writer
 Pete Hofmann – additional producer, mixing engineer
 Alex Meadows – bass
 Jeremy Shaw – guitar

 Mima Stilwell – writer
 Tim Weller – drums
 Richard X – producer
 Will Young – vocals, writer

Charts

Release history

References

External links
Official Myspace

2009 singles
Song recordings produced by Richard X
Songs written by Jim Eliot
Songs written by Mima Stilwell
2009 songs
Kish Mauve songs
Will Young songs