CORDA is a small analysis and management consultancy company, owned by BAE Systems and based in Farnborough.  It provides evidence-based decision support to BAE Systems, government departments, and other commercial organisations. "CORDA's key capability lies in the integration of scientific, technical, and financial skills with military expertise across all domains, to provide a packaged, one-stop analysis service, focussed at the concept and assessment phase of the defence lifecycle."

History

CORDA was founded in 1985 as part of CAP Scientific (part of the CAP Group).  At the time CORDA stood for: Centre for Operational Research and Defence Analysis.  As with other parts of CAP Group, it became part of the Anglo-French SEMA Group in 1988.  In 1991 it became part of BAeSEMA, a company jointly owned by SEMA Group and British Aerospace.  It became part of British Aerospace in 1998, and BAE Systems in 1999.

Type of work undertaken

Simulations

CORDA builds computer simulations, and uses them for operational analysis studies.  In the late 1980s CORDA produced a simulation called FASTAID that was used by the Royal Army Medical Corps to help train soldiers to make decisions about dispatching ambulances.  An improved and updated version of this tool was developed for Operation GRANBY and delivered by CORDA staff to troops in the field.

Soft OA

CORDA has used a variety of soft operational analysis techniques such as drama theory, matrix gaming, wargaming, and political cards gaming in studies.  For instance in 2002, they used matrix gaming in conjunction with cost modelling done by HVR to look at the use of unmanned underwater vehicles for Ministry of Defence. In November 2008, "CORDA provided both an interactive symposium on 'political cards' and a presentation on 'the application of war gaming and combat modelling in support of defence decision making' at the war gaming and combat modelling course... run by the Defence Academy at Shrivenham."

Business and solutions modelling

"Within BAE Systems, CORDA provides Defence Analysis services to Business Units during the programme assessment phases, to support operational system and financial trade off and solution optimisation, and during programme delivery phases to provide specialist technical and analytical modelling support."  For example, in "February 2008, the CORDA team, in combination with economic modellers from Military Air Solutions, supported BAE Systems Inc. (the US division of BAE Systems) on the T45 Goshawk proposal, which was later followed with support on their Special Operations Forces Support Activity (SOFSA) bid."

Historical studies

Historical analysis is an operational analysis tool used to take account of human factors.  CORDA has undertaken historical analysis studies for the UK Ministry of Defence, these include studies of friendly fire in the land battle from World War II to Operation TELIC conducted from at least 1994 to 2004.  Other areas of study have included casualty and sickness rates, and campaign level studies to validate current MoD models.

Support to the armed forces on operations

CORDA has provided operational analysis support to the armed forces on operations in support of Operation GRANBY, in the Balkans, and in Northern Ireland.

Fast response studies for Ministry of Defence

From 2001 - 2010, CORDA provided fast response studies for the Director Equipment Capability (DEC) in the Underwater Battlefield Capability Area of the UK Ministry of Defence.  CORDA was involved in the day-to-day business of the DEC including cost/capability measurement, weapon and sensor capability evaluation across the whole spectrum of underwater systems, business case preparation for equipment procurement and concept studies.

Fitting 155mm guns to warships

"Since 2006 the MoD has provided some funding to CORDA (BAE Systems’ specialist consultancy arm) and the company's Land Systems business for a 155mm Naval Gun Study". "'Our previous work in this area showed real potential for an enhanced gun system on the Navy's ships,' says Samir Patel, CORDA's business development director. 'This contract will allow more concentrated research and a live, land-based firing trial in 2009 will inform further developments on the programme'. The next step for the programme, subject to a successful trial and MOD requirements, will be a full scale technology demonstrator programme, leading to possible full manufacture and fit to the Future Surface Combatant and possible retrofit to the existing Type 23 Duke-class frigates and/or the Type 45 Daring-class destroyer."

Synthetic trials of new 30mm gun on Type 23 frigates

In 2008, CORDA  was "awarded a £300,000 research contract by the UK MoD's Defence Technology and Innovation Centre (DTIC) to assess the level of protection British warships receive from small calibre 30mm guns."  It was to "examine the implications a large attack by small, fast boats would have on a large warship and research how the threat could be reduced. Particular emphasis will be placed on coastal and estuarine environments, where larger ships are increasingly operating... 'Over the last few years the threat of these small craft as an asymmetric weapon against larger warships has grown,' explains Dr John Golightly, CORDA's MSE programme manager. 'What we are doing is looking at the performance of the Royal Navy's 30mm Automated Small Calibre Gun (ASCG) [30mm DS30M] and what can be done to increase the level of protection it provides.'... 'The ASCG system has significantly enhanced capability, but we have been asked to look at how improving tactics or integrating further technology could improve the performance of the system further.'" The DS30M, which the Royal Navy is fitting to Type 23 frigates, "integrates an off-mount electro-optical director (EOD) with a fully automated 30 mm gun mount". The study used "simulator based operator trials and aims to quantify the performance of the entire weapon system when engaging multiple vehicles attacking together in a co-ordinated fashion. Results of the study are expected in early 2009."   The trials were at the Maritime Warfare School at .   CORDA worked in partnership with GE FANUC and BAE Systems' Advanced Technology Centre,  in conjunction with the DE&S Integrated Project Teams (IPTs),  with Dstl providing technical direction.

List of conference papers and reports

ISMOR papers

ISMOR is an international conference on defence operational research, held annually since 1984.  ISMOR is officially endorsed and sponsored by the UK Ministry of Defence and is co-sponsored by the Defence Special Interest Group of the OR Society, and supported by the Military Operations Research Society in the US.  An archive of papers from past Symposia is maintained by Cranfield University.

Other conference papers
Frankis, D.; Corrigan, N.; Bailey, R. Modelling military requirements for non-warfighting operations, Simulation Conference Proceedings, Winter 1999. This paper "describes work undertaken for national force development and planning staff, and NATO scientific staff, developing methods and models to assist military planners in identifying the military requirements for non-warfighting operations, typically peace support, humanitarian aid and disaster relief."

References

Companies established in 1985
BAE Systems subsidiaries and divisions
Defence companies of the United Kingdom
Science and technology in the United Kingdom
Companies based in Farnborough
Software companies of the United Kingdom
1985 establishments in the United Kingdom


Isa Danieli (born 13 March 1937) is an Italian film actress. She has appeared in 32 films since 1962.

Selected filmography
 Love and Anarchy (1973)
 The Peaceful Age (1974)
 Swept Away (1974)
 Il marsigliese (1975) by Giacomo Battiato
 Caro Michele (1976)
 Blood Feud (1978)
 Così parlò Bellavista (1984)
 Macaroni (1985)
 Camorra (A Story of Streets, Women and Crime) (1986)
 Cinema Paradiso (1988)
 Journey of Hope (1990)

External links

1937 births
Living people
Italian film actresses
Actresses from Naples
Nastro d'Argento winners
20th-century Italian actresses


Rale Mićić (; born October 9, 1975) is a Serbian jazz guitarist and composer.

Micic moved to United States in 1995 after receiving a scholarship from the Berklee College of Music, where he studied with George Garzone, John Thomas, and Bob Brookmeyer. It was also by that time that Mick Goodrick, became his mentor.

In 2000, Micic moved to New York City. His debut album, Bridges (CTA, 2003), mixed jazz with Balkan music. His second album, Serbia, featured jazz trumpeter Tom Harrell.

In 2010 Micic started a guitar duo series called Guitar x2. During the next decade, many prominent jazz guitarist performed as a part of the duo series, including Peter Bernstein, Gene Bertoncini, Ed Cherry, Jack Wilkins, Lage Lund, Mike Moreno, and many more.

Discography

As leader
 Bridges (CTA, 2003)
 Serbia (CTA, 2006)
 3 (CTA, 2010)
 Night Music (Whaling City Sound, 2016)
 Only Love Will Stay (Whaling City Sound, 2021)

As co-leader
 Inspired (ArtistShare, 2016) with John Abercrombie, Peter Bernstein, and Lage Lund

As sideman
With Tom Harrell
 First Impressions (High Note, 2015)

References

External links
 Official website

1975 births
Living people
Musicians from Belgrade
Berklee College of Music alumni
Serbian jazz guitarists
21st-century guitarists


This is a list of British television related events from 2000.

Events

January
1 January
2000 Today, the marathon 28-hour live broadcast to celebrate the dawn of the new millennium, ends at 1:30pm.
Launch of Castaway 2000 on BBC One, a reality television show billed as a bold experiment for the new millennium. Thirty-six men, women and children from the British public, are placed on Taransay for a year. Taransay is a remote Scottish island in the Outer Hebrides and the group must build a sustainable self-sufficient community. The programme ends on New Year's Day 2001.
Channel 4 airs The Biggest Breakfast Ever, an eight-hour overnight millennium special with Johnny Vaughan and Liza Tarbuck. The channel's New Year's Day schedule also includes a contemporary version of Cinderella starring Kathleen Turner.
ITV airs the final episode of Gladiators, the ending was dedicated to the LWT videotape editor Clayton Parker who died in a car accident at the age of 45 in February 1999.
2 January
Provisional viewing figures suggest BBC One's millennium coverage was watched by 12.8 million viewers as the New Year was welcomed in at midnight, more than twice the usual audience for New Year television. ITV's coverage was seen by 4.1 million.
BBC One airs a millennium special of its garden makeover series Ground Force in which Alan Titchmarsh, Charlie Dimmock and Tommy Walsh travel to the South African village of Qunu to design and build a garden for the former President Nelson Mandela.
Sarah Lancashire returns to Coronation Street as Raquel Watts for a special one-off episode in which she is reunited with husband Curly (Kevin Kennedy). The episode is watched by an average of 17.5 million viewers, peaking at 18.6 million.
3 January – The highest rated UK programme of the year so far is recorded, an episode of Coronation Street that gets 18.96 million viewers.
6 January – Following a brief return to the series during 1999, Gillian Taylforth leaves her EastEnders role as Kathy Beale.
7 January
The long-running BBC children's programme Blue Peter reunites two former presenting teams to dig up the time capsules they buried for the year 2000 in 1971 and 1984.
A brand new stop-motion animated series for preschoolers Yoho Ahoy is first broadcast on BBC One.
12 January – A police officer charged over the crash that left television presenter Sheena McDonald in hospital is acquitted following a hearing at Horseferry Road Magistrates' Court.
17 January – BBC Two begins a four-part adaptation of Gormenghast, Mervyn Peake's series of fantasy novels. The series, starring Jonathan Rhys Meyers is launched with a massive publicity campaign, but is panned by critics and loses 40% of its viewership by the third episode. Figures indicated that the first episode is watched by 4.2 million, a healthy audience for a BBC Two programme, but that by the third episode, aired on 31 January, has fallen to 2.5 million.
18 January
ITV sports commentator Steve Smith is reprimanded by the Independent Television Commission for calling a French rugby player a "stroppy little frog" after he threw the ball at an opponent during a World Cup match between France and Fiji in October 1999.
Retired Naval Officer Peter Lee becomes the biggest winner to date on ITV's Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? after winning £500,000. He is also the first person to have the opportunity to answer the £1 million question which concerns the location of Durham County Cricket Club, but takes the money after being unsure of the answer. The show would have its first £1 million winner in November.
The BBC confirms that Danniella Westbrook will leave EastEnders for the second time in four years, her character, Sam Mitchell only having returned to the series in 1999.
19 January – Former Brookside actress Gabrielle Glaister is to join Coronation Street where she will play Debs Brownlow, the younger sister of Natalie Barnes (Denise Welch).
23 January – Helen Flanagan takes over the role of Coronation Street character Rosie Webster from Emma Collinge who had played Rosie since she was ten days old. Collinge left the series to devote more time to gymnastics.
25 January – Fiona Bruce presents her first episode of Crimewatch alongside Nick Ross, following the murder of her predecessor Jill Dando.
27 January
Channel 4's The 11 O'Clock Show is criticised by the Broadcasting Standards Commission for including a reference to murdered television presenter Jill Dando which would have caused "widespread public offence". Channel 4 says that the item which aired on 26 October 1999, was meant to be a criticism of the high cost of the murder investigation and the ratings war between BBC One and ITV.
BBC One broadcasts the final episode of Dinnerladies.
31 January – Carlton Kids ceases broadcasting after 14 months on the air.

February
1 February
Greg Dyke takes over as Director-General of the BBC.
Carlton World ceases broadcasting after 14 months on the air.
3 February – Joe Absolom makes his final EastEnders appearance in a dramatic storyline that sees his character, Matthew Rose get his revenge against Steve Owen after Rose was wrongly convicted of the manslaughter of Owen's girlfriend.
5 February – An episode of Casualty in which the character Amy Howard (played by Rebecca Wheatley) is persuaded to attend a singing audition. The song she performs, Stay with Me Baby is subsequently released as a single by Wheatley who had been a singer prior to her acting career.
7 February – Director-General of the BBC Greg Dyke launches his "Cut the Crap" initiative, a drive to cut red tape at the BBC. Staff are issued with yellow cards bearing the phrase "Cut the crap, make it happen" which they are encouraged to brandish at meetings if they feel inertia is getting in the way of creativity.
10 February – Coronation Street confirms that Jane Danson who plays Leanne Battersby will leave the soap later in the year.
11 February – Debut of Reach for the Moon on ITV, starring Lynda Bellingham.
12 February – BBC One airs When Changing Rooms Met Ground Force, a crossover edition of its two popular design and makeover shows, Changing Rooms and Ground Force.
13 February – BBC Two airs Gimme Some Truth, a documentary featuring footage of John Lennon as he recorded his 1971 album Imagine.
15 February – BBC One airs a one-off quiz, A Question of EastEnders to celebrate the soap's 15th anniversary.
18 February – Kevin Pallister leaves Emmerdale as Graham Clark.
19 February – EastEnders celebrates its 15th anniversary on BBC One.
23 February – The first episode of the children's drama Hero to Zero is broadcast on BBC One.
24 February – The Guardian reports that Australian soap Home and Away will move from ITV to Channel 5 after the latter paid £40 million for the broadcast rights. It is the first time the channel has poached a programme from its rival.
27 February – BBC One airs the first episode of Monarch of the Glen.
28 February – Having decided not to adopt the 1999 ITV generic look, Scottish and Grampian launch a new on-screen logo.

March
1 March – Carlton Select closes, with Carlton's two other channels, Carlton Cinema and Carlton Food Network expanding their broadcasting hours in the wake Carlton Select's demise.
2 March – The axe falls on some EastEnders characters, including Ricky Butcher.
4 March – ITV broadcasts The Brit Awards 2000, hosted by Davina McCall.
5 March – Former Take That singer Gary Barlow makes his acting debut in the 150th episode of Heartbeat, playing a hitchhiker named Mike Shannon.
7 March – Coronation Street confirms that television presenter Naomi Russell will join the series to play factory worker Bobbi Lewis.
11 March – ITV broadcasts The Lookalikes Agency.
12 March – ITV airs the drama Hero of the Hour, starring Ross Kemp.
13 March – Debut of The Blind Date, a two-part ITV drama starring Zara Turner.
15 March – ITV will scrap its afternoon showing of Home and Away from 27 March after losing the soap to Channel 5, but it will continue to air in the early evening slot.
16 March – The Britt Allcroft Company best known for producing the first five series of Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends acquires the rights to the long-running children's arts and crafts programme Art Attack and other works from The Media Merchants company run by the host of the series Neil Buchanan and Tim Edmunds.
17 March – To mark the re-release of Stanley Kubrick's 1971 film A Clockwork Orange, FilmFour airs Return of A Clockwork Orange, a documentary discussing the controversy surrounding the film. It is also shown the following day on Channel 4.
19 March – Debut of Seeing Red, an ITV drama based on the book of the same name by Coral Atkins and starring Sarah Lancashire and Richard Dillane.
21 March – Channel 5 broadcasts the network premiere of Metro, starring Eddie Murphy.
22 March – The House of Commons Culture, Media and Sport Committee issues a report calling on ITV to restore News at Ten after finding that the broadcaster has seen a drop in ratings since the programme was dropped in 1999.
24 March – Paul Loughran leaves Emmerdale after six years when his character Butch Dingle dies in a bus crash.
26 March – Debut of Doctors, BBC One's new daily serial set in a doctors' surgery. The first episode is broadcast at 6:35pm on a Sunday evening, before continuing on weekdays at 12:30pm.
27 March – The BBC announces plans to establish an annual bursary at a college in Falmouth for students wishing to train in broadcast journalism as a "living tribute" to TV presenter Jill Dando.
28 March
In its annual report, the Independent Television Commission praises Channel 5 for reducing the amount of "tacky" sex shows included in its scheduling, while 5 News and the channel's films and factual programming are also praised. However, the watchdog criticises the amount of low budget programming shown, particularly in the early hours of the morning. The ITC also has warm words for Channel 4, in particular for the "freshness and innovation" of its programming.
BBC Two's Spring and Summer season will see actor John Alford, jailed in 1999 for drug offences, make his return to television as a taxi passenger in a ten-minute short titled Talk Radio, it is reported. Other highlights include the comedy Coupling and Rhona, the first British sitcom about a lesbian.
29 March – The Broadcasting Standards Commission reprimands EastEnders for episodes screened in December 1999 that featured characters attending a stag and hen weekend in Amsterdam which showed drinking, drug taking and sexual innuendo. An episode of Goodness Gracious Me aired in February is also criticised for a sketch in which mango chutney was spread on communion bread, something that several viewers felt was disrespectful to the Eucharist.
30 March – UK Arena is renamed UK Drama.

April
3 April – BSkyB airs the first interactive TV advert for the cooking sauce Chicken Tonight. Viewers are offered the option of pushing the Red Button to visit Sky's interactive TV service Open where they can order a money-off voucher and a recipe book and to browse through recipes.
12 April – ITV broadcasts the second Pride of Britain Awards which attracts an audience of 10.2 million. The figures prove to be a surprise for the broadcaster and are higher than those achieved by the 2000 BRIT Awards which had 8.8 million viewers and the BAFTA Awards that aired on Sky One which had a viewership of 100,000.
14 April – Former MI5 Officer David Shayler who fled from the UK after passing secret documents to the Mail on Sunday, appears as a guest on Have I Got News for You. Because he faces arrest if he returns to the UK, his contribution is recorded via satellite from a studio in France which affected the timing of the comedy on that edition.
17 April
A former researcher on The Vanessa Show wins libel damages against The Mirror newspaper after it published an article in February 1999 claiming she knew many of the guests she had hired for the show were fakes.
The shopping channel Ideal World is launched.
20 April – After twelve years as Ricky Butcher, Sid Owen makes his final appearance in EastEnders where his character is seen leaving for Europe in a lorry.
28 April – Channel 4 confirms that Liza Tarbuck will leave The Big Breakfast to return to acting after the presenter broke the news on the programme's website. She will leave in August at the end of her year-long contract.
30 April – Guinness's 1999 Surfer advertisement is voted No. 1 in a poll of the top 100 greatest television adverts of all time in a show for Channel 4.

May
1 May
ITV's Day of Promise, a series of special programmes throughout the day hosted by Eammon Holmes, Carol Vorderman and Danielle Nicholls. The day is part of a 12-month campaign in which people around Britain are asked to make a simple pledge to do something positive for the first year of the new millennium. Among the programmes aired that day include the first celebrity edition of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?.
Formal broadcasting of pay-per-view (PPV) service ONrequest begins.
4 May – Coronation Street confirms that Charles Lawson who plays Jim McDonald, is to be written out of the series when his contract ends in October.
9 May – Durham University wins the 1999–2000 series of University Challenge, beating Oriel College, Oxford 325–135.
13 May
Four senior television figures, Alastair Burnet, David Nicholas, Geoffrey Cox and Nigel Ryan have written to the Independent Television Commission accusing ITV of ruining its reputation by replacing News at Ten with "weak series, entertainment trivia and mildly pornographic programmes", it is reported.
Denmark's Olsen Brothers win the 2000 Eurovision Song Contest with Fly on the Wings of Love.
 17 May – The completion of NTL's purchase of Cable & Wireless’ cable assets takes place. two months after the sale was cleared by the Competition Commission.
18 May – The Independent Television Commission rejects proposals by ITV to improve promotion of its news bulletins and increase spending on evening programming. The broadcaster's nightly news bulletin has suffered a drop in ratings since News at Ten was axed last year.
20 May – Gary Mullen, performing as Freddie Mercury wins the eleventh series of Stars in Their Eyes.
22 May – Following a hearing at Inner London Crown Court, former Changing Rooms designer Liz Wagstaff is sentenced to twelve months imprisonment for deceiving friends and colleagues out of £54,000 by claiming she needed the money for specialist cancer treatment.
24 May – BBC Two airs a special edition of TOTP2 featuring performances from Bon Jovi.
30 May – Six cast members of ITV's The Bill are to leave the series, it is reported. They include Peter Ellis who plays Chief Superintendent Brownlow and Billy Murray who plays Detective Sergeant Don Beech.
May
The licence to run Channel 5's teletext service is awarded to Teletext Ltd and is valid for ten years from 1 July 2002.
The BBC announce that Ainsley Harriott will succeed Fern Britton as the presenter of Ready Steady Cook.

June
2 June – Johnny Vaughan confirms he will step down as co-presenter of The Big Breakfast in early 2001.
4 June
13-year-old Coronation Street character Sarah Platt (played by Tina O'Brien) gives birth to a baby daughter called Bethany, a storyline which intensifies a national public and media frenzy surrounding the topic of teenage pregnancy.
Marjorie Lang wins the 2000 series of MasterChef.
6 June – Channel 5 airs the one-off game show Naked Jungle as part of its Naturism Week. The show features presenter Keith Chegwin and contestants completing a number of puzzle-type tasks in a jungle environment. The programme sparks a debate about nudity on television and is mentioned in the House of Commons where Culture Secretary Chris Smith questions the quality of British television content.
8 June – After 11 years, Home and Away is shown on ITV for the final time. It returns on Channel 5 on 16 July 2001. The show's year-long absence occurs because of a clause in ITV's contract preventing it from being broadcast for at least a year after its ITV run ends.
10 June–2 July – Euro 2000 is held jointly by Belgium and the Netherlands.
15 June
Patsy Palmer makes her post-EastEnders debut in one-off detective drama McCready and Daughter, while former Coronation Street actress Sarah Lancashire stars in the legal sitcom Chambers.
BBC Two airs a special edition of TOTP2 dedicated to ABBA.
20 June – A failure at a substation in Shepherd's Bush causes a power cut at BBC Television Centre and leads to major disruption to BBC television and radio services.
28 June – The Broadcasting Standards Commission upholds twelve viewer complaints about the London Weekend Television documentary Aircraft Emergencies which showed slow motion footage of air crashes against the backdrop of dramatic music. The Commission felt the programme was too voyeuristic and would have added to the distress of those involved in the incidents.
29 June – It is announced that Lisa Riley will leave her role as Emmerdales Mandy Dingle in the Autumn.

July
1 July – C-Day in the United Kingdom. From that day, most commercial broadcasters begin broadcasting adverts, promotions, and idents in 16:9 widescreen ratio.
3 July – ITV announce that Emmerdale will air five nights a week from the Autumn.
6 July – The first episode of the new police procedural drama Burnside is broadcast on ITV.
11 July – Eric Richard who plays the long-serving Sergeant Bob Cryer in The Bill is to leave the series, it is reported.
14 July – The reality show Big Brother debuts in the UK on Channel 4.
17 July – ITV launches a £500,000 advertising campaign fronted by Jerry Springer which was aimed at repositioning ITV2 as a general entertainment channel. When it launched in December 1998, the channel had promoted itself as a younger alternative to ITV.
20 July – The Independent Television Commission says it will issue a "legally binding" directive to ITV to move its 11pm news bulletin forward an hour if it does not restore News at Ten. The ITC have been concerned about the 11pm bulletin's low ratings.
22 July – The ten part popular culture series I Love the '70s debuts on BBC Two with I Love 1970 where each edition was dedicated to a different year of the decade, the series concludes on 23 September with I Love 1979.
27 July – ITV says it will apply for a High Court judicial review into the ITC's decision to order it to move its 11pm news bulletin.
28 July – BBC One introduces its daytime soap Doctors into the evening schedule with the first of seven weekly episodes planned to air in the Friday 7pm slot. The episodes are shown in that slot up to Friday 1 September, with the final episode of the run airing at 7:00pm on Thursday 7 September.

August
1 August – The ITN News Channel launches. It is a joint venture between ITN and NTL.
4 August – Liza Tarbuck presents her final edition of The Big Breakfast. Later that same day, it is confirmed that Denise van Outen will return to the show to co-host with Johnny Vaughan from 11 September until he leaves in early 2001.
6 August – The BBC are considering a reorganisation of their digital channels to replace BBC Choice and BBC Knowledge with BBC Three and BBC Four, it is reported. The new channels would launch in February 2003 and March 2002 respectively.
14 August _
The first episode of the game show The Weakest Link is broadcast on BBC Two, presented by Anne Robinson.
 The first episode of Ready Steady Cook was presented by Ainsley Harriott is broadcast on BBC Two.
16 August – Sophie Long, an aspiring broadcast journalist from Weston-super-Mare is awarded the first Jill Dando bursary, it is reported. After later graduating from Falmouth College of Arts, she is taken on by the BBC.
17 August – Big Brother contestant Nick Bateman is evicted after attempting to influence voting on the reality show.
25 August – Delivering the annual MacTaggart Lecture at the Edinburgh International Television Festival, BBC Director-General Greg Dyke announces plans to move the BBC Nine O'Clock News to 10pm, ending the bulletin's 30-year run in the 9pm time slot. The change would take place in October.
26 August – Ian Wright presents the pilot of This is My Moment, a singing talent show made by Granada Television. Members of the public were invited to call a premium-rate phoneline to audition for the show, 60 of whom were chosen to perform in front of a panel at Granada Studios. Of those, five were then selected to appear on the show. The public are encouraged to vote for their favourite act, with the number of calls determining the overall prize money.
28 August
The BBC is to buy the Steven Spielberg produced World War II drama Band of Brothers, the most expensive television series made to date. It will air on BBC One in 2001.
The first episode of the countryside drama Down to Earth is broadcast on BBC One, starring Pauline Quirke and Warren Clarke.
30 August
EastEnders announces the arrival of the Slater family who will join the soap in mid-September as a replacement for the Di Marco family.
ITV announces plans to resurrect Crossroads with an updated format in 2001. The channel will also launch a London-based soap to rival EastEnders which is provisionally titled Trafalgar Road.

September
1–2 September – Sky One hosts a special weekend dedicated to celebrating the tenth anniversary of The Simpsons in the UK.
3 September – Channel 4 airs the network television premiere of Elizabeth, Shekhar Kapur's 1998 biographical period drama with Australian actress Catherine Blanchett as the title role of Queen Elizabeth, as well as British stars include Geoffrey Rush, Christopher Eccleston, Joseph Fiennes, Richard Attenborough and John Gielgud in his last feature film appearance.
5 September – The BBC has given its permission for Teletubbies to be used in promotional material for a controversial windfarm in Wales in order to help win over critics.
7 September – Gretchen Franklin makes her final EastEnders appearance as Ethel Skinner. The character is involved in a controversial euthanasia storyline after asking her friend Dot Cotton (June Brown) to help her end her life because she has terminal cancer.
11 September
Granada Media plc agrees to acquire 45% of Irish commercial broadcaster TV3 from the channel's original consortium as part of a deal giving TV3 the right to simulcast programming with ITV.
BBC One airs Episode 2000 of EastEnders.
12 September
As the fuel protests begin to affect motorists and businesses, Sky News introduces its news ticker and regular updates to keep viewers informed of events concerning the developing crisis. BBC News and ITV News begin regular updates the following day. Through the duration of the crisis, the rolling news channels see an increase in viewers, while audiences for bulletins on BBC One and ITV increase by as much as 50 percent, their highest since the Kosovo War.
Debut of Jailbreak, a reality show described as Channel 5's answer to Big Brother, in which contestants can win £100,000 by escaping from a mock prison. The three-week show, presented by Craig Charles, Ruth England and Charlie Stayt is criticised by prisoners' groups. Roberta Woodhouse, Hannah Davies and Laura Hawkins become the first contestants to escape on 23 September.
13 September – Peter Salmon, current Controller of BBC One is appointed the broadcaster's new Director of Sport.
14 September – Lorraine Heggessey is appointed Controller of BBC One, becoming the first woman to hold the post. She will take over from present Controller, Peter Salmon on 1 November.
15 September
The first series of Big Brother is won by Craig Phillips. He announces that he will be giving his £70,000 prize to his friend Joanne Harris who has Down syndrome to pay for her heart and lung transplant.
After eleven years on the air, the final edition of Breakfast News is broadcast on BBC One.
15 September–1 October – The BBC broadcasts the 2000 Olympic Games with live coverage on BBC One from late evening until the following lunchtime. BBC Two provides alternative live mid-morning coverage during the first week.
18 September
Launch of The Community Channel, a free-to-air television channel wholly owned by Media Trust and supported by major broadcasters including the BBC.
The Independent Television Commission rejects viewer complaints about Channel 5's Naked Jungle in which contestants and presenter Keith Chegwin were seen naked because it was aired after the watershed and did not breach decency regulations.
20 September – BBC Two airs a special 1970s edition of TOTP2.
21 September – ITV announces the return of News at Ten which will air on at least three nights a week from the New Year. The decision comes a week before a judicial review into the ITC's order for the bulletin to be restored was to be heard.
 23 September – The final edition of the Summer Saturday morning children's magazine show Fully Booked is broadcast. This brings to an end of an almost 20 year run of BBC1 Summer only Saturday morning children's magazine shows.
27 September – BBC Two airs a special edition of TOTP2 featuring the hits of John Lennon and presented by Yoko Ono.
30 September – BBC One airs a special gala concert paying tribute to Jill Dando, featuring some of her favourite artists. The concert was arranged to raise funds for the Jill Dando Institute, a crime science unit planned in her memory.
September–October – Jacky Rowland, the BBC News Foreign Correspondent in Yugoslavia is expelled from that country in the wake of the presidential election that saw Vojislav Koštunica defeat Slobodan Milošević for alleged biased reporting. However, it later emerged Rowland did not leave Yugoslavia, but stayed in hiding as events surrounding the overthrow of Slobodan Milošević unfolded before emerging to report on its conclusion.

October
1 October
BBC One airs live coverage of the Closing Ceremony of the 2000 Olympic Games.
Return of Nick Cotton, an EastEnders spin-off episode airs featuring the character of Nick Cotton.
Channel 5's Jailbreak concludes after three weeks on the air.
Sky One airs Blackadder Back and Forth which is watched by 1.4 million viewers.
2 October
Q TV a television music channel based on Q Magazine, is launched.
ITV soap Emmerdale begins airing five nights a week.
The first edition of the BBC's revamped breakfast news programme Breakfast is broadcast. The new programme is carried on both BBC One and BBC News 24. Previously, they had aired their own breakfast programme Breakfast 24.
3 October – The BBC confirms it will move its Nine O'Clock News to 10pm from 16 October to compete with ITV's relaunch of News at Ten. The announcement causes surprise as it had been expected the changes would take effect from October 2001. Politicians from all major political parties criticise the BBC's decision, fearing it will affect news quality.
4 October
Prince Charles joins several television personalities, including Gaby Roslin and Des Lynam to promote Loud Tie Day, a campaign to raise awareness of bowel cancer.
Comedy sketches involving abortion, dead babies and people with disabilities that appeared in episodes of Channel 4's Jam are criticised by the Broadcasting Standards Commission because they went "beyond acceptable boundaries in their treatment of issues of particular sensitivity which required greater respect for the vulnerability of those depicted".
5 October – The launch of bid-up.tv, later bid.tv.
7 October – The BBC Saturday morning children's entertainment series Live & Kicking is relaunched, featuring former Blue Peter presenter Katy Hill, Sarah Cawood, Ortis Deley and Trey Farley.
9 October
US-Canadian science fiction television series Gene Roddenberry's Andromeda debuts on Sky One.
BBC One airs the Panorama documentary Who Bombed Omagh? which names individuals questioned by police over the 1998 Omagh bombing. The programme is praised by Northern Ireland Secretary Peter Mandelson as "a very powerful and very professional piece of work", but is criticised by Irish Taoiseach Bertie Ahern who warns that "bandying around names on television" could hinder attempts to secure convictions and First Minister David Trimble who says he has "very grave doubts" about it. The programme has also been the subject of legal action by Lawrence Rush whose wife Elizabeth died in the bombing and who sought an injunction to block it from being broadcast.
13 October – The flagship BBC One news programme the Nine O'Clock News ends after a run of 30 years after the BBC earlier announced that it was to move the bulletin to 10pm. The BBC News at Ten is launched on Monday 16 October. The change attracts criticism from both the National Consumer Council and the Culture Secretary Chris Smith. The BBC Nine O'Clock News also moves to its dedicated channel on the same day. ITV later announces its intention to reinstate News at Ten from January 2001.
16 October
Oxfordshire, once part of the BBC's South East region, becomes part of South Today.
 The first BBC News at Ten is broadcast on BBC One.
17 October – BBC One airs the network television premiere of Men in Black, starring Will Smith, Tommy Lee Jones, Linda Fiorentino, Vincent D'Onofrio and Rip Torn.
20 October – Have I Got News for You returns for a new series, moving from BBC Two to BBC One.
21 October
Parkinson returns to BBC One for a new series as part of its Saturday night schedule, having previously aired on Fridays since its relaunch in 1998.
Helicopter pilot Duncan Bickley loses £218,000 on Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? after incorrectly answering the £500,000 question. Having reached £250,000 his winnings dropped back to £32,000 after he gave the wrong answer to a question about the name of the aircraft in which Amy Johnson flew solo to Australia in 1930.
26 October – 15-year-old Sonia Jackson, a character in EastEnders played by Natalie Cassidy, unexpectedly gives birth to a baby girl called Chloe which comes four months after ITV's Coronation Street ran a similar teenage pregnancy storyline.
28 October
Footballer David Beckham appears on BBC One's Parkinson, telling the host that he plans to become "the best footballer in the world" while at Manchester United.
Channel 4 airs a season of horror films under the title FilmFear which includes Death Race 2000 and the British television premiere of The Texas Chain Saw Massacre, banned in the UK until 1999.
30 October
Blockbusters debuts on Sky One for a second time, presented by Liza Tarbuck.
The League of Gentlemen embark on their first national stage tour, originally planning 14 dates but ending up completing 111.
31 October – The Weakest Link makes its BBC One debut as part of the channel's evening schedule. Billed as the Champions' League, the series sees winning contestants from BBC Two's daytime version of the quiz return to compete for a £20,000 prize, double the amount offered by the daytime show.

November
2 November
As Channel 4 reaches its 18th birthday, a special edition of Countdown celebrates the show's 18th anniversary. Instead of the usual contestants, Gyles Brandreth and Mark Nyman take on Jo Brand and Damian Eadie in the letters and numbers quiz, while Richard Whiteley and Carol Vorderman recall their memories of the show's beginnings.
Mother-of-two Kate Heusser becomes UK television's biggest female prize winner after winning £500,000 on ITV's Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?. Later that month, the show would have its first £1 million winner.
6–10 November – Channel 4 celebrates 18 years of Brookside with a run of five episodes over four nights in which viewers learn details of the demise of Susannah Morrisey (played by Karen Drury) through a series of flashbacks.
10 November – Channel 5 have commissioned a six-part run of Late Night with Jerry Springer, a new late-night chat show that will begin airing weekly from 22 November. Guests on the series will include Steven Berkoff, Louise Redknapp, Billie Piper, Dani Behr, Marc Almond and Fay Ripley.
13 November – BBC News reports that Russian state broadcaster RTR has bought the popular children's series Teletubbies, a programme unlike anything it has aired before.
15 November – ITV airs The Remorseful Day, the final episode of the Inspector Morse series.
16 November – Tony Blair's Chief of Communications Alastair Campbell tells political journalists that US-style televised election debates are virtually inevitable and that inter-party talks are under way to establish ground rules for such a debate, as long as the "chemistry" is right.
17 November
BBC One airs the 2000 Children in Need telethon. By the following day, it has raised £12m for charity, surpassing the 1999 total of £11.2m.
FilmFour airs Gough Lewis's controversial 1999 documentary Sex: The Annabel Chong Story.
20 November – Judith Keppel becomes the first contestant to win £1 million on ITV's Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?. On the same evening, the final episode of the long-running sitcom One Foot in the Grave is shown on BBC One in the same timeslot. It is later speculated that Keppel's win was fixed so that ITV would draw ratings away from BBC One. However, the ITC clears Celador and ITV of the allegations.
23 November
The BBC and ITV announce plans for two one-hour televised leaders debates during the run-up to the next General Election. Subject to the leaders of Britain's three main political parties agreeing to participate, a debate would be held by each broadcaster and chaired by David and Jonathan Dimbleby respectively. However, after Prime Minister Tony Blair declines to take part in January 2001, three separate question and answer sessions involving a single leader are held by each network during the 2001 election campaign.
Amanda Barrie who plays Alma Halliwell in Coronation Street announces her intention to leave the soap in Summer 2001.
28 November – Filming has begun on the new series of Crossroads, BBC News reports. The revived soap would begin airing on ITV in March 2001.
November – UK Play is renamed Play UK.

December
1 December – The BBC apologises to ITV for suggesting it rigged Judith Keppel's win on Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? as part of a ratings battle.
2 December – Nicola Kirsch wins the twelfth series of Stars in Their Eyes, performing as Maria Callas.
8 December
SMG acquires a 14.9% stake in Scottish Radio Holdings. and four months later it increases its stake to 27.7%.
Coronation Street celebrates its 40th year on the air by broadcasting a live hour-long episode. Prince Charles makes a cameo in the episode, appearing in a pre-recorded segment as himself in an ITV News bulletin report, presented by Trevor McDonald.
BBC One airs Freddie Mercury: The Untold Story, a documentary in which friends and relatives of Freddie Mercury recall their memories of the Queen frontman.
9 December – Westlife's single My Love wins the 2000 Record of the Year, giving the Irish boyband their second win in a row.
10 December – Steve Redgrave is named as this year's BBC Sports Personality of the Year.
11 December
BBC One airs a BBC News special, Prince William in Chile, showing footage of Prince William's charity expedition to Chilean Patagonia with Raleigh International. The prince was interviewed and filmed during the ten-week trip, with an interview released to the media on 10 December.
The Independent Television Commission criticises Channel 4's early evening scheduling of US TV series Angel, a drama about a reformed vampire which it says includes scenes "reminiscent of a late-night horror film". The channel aired edited episodes of the series in the early evening, but some viewers had complained it was inappropriate for children, while others had complained about the scenes being cut. The ITC felt that three of the edited episodes had still contained unsuitable matter for family viewing. The series has since been moved to a later time slot where it can be aired uncut.
12 December – Culture Secretary Chris Smith announces plans for the creation of the Office of Communications (Ofcom), a watchdog that would oversee the regulation of the UK broadcasting and telecommunications industries and take over responsibility from several current bodies, including the Broadcasting Standards Commission and Office of Telecommunications.
17 December – Can We Fix It?, the theme tune to the CBBC series Bob the Builder, tops the UK Singles Chart, becoming this year's Christmas number one.
18 December – The British Film Institute publishes its list of the 100 Greatest British Television Programmes of the 20th century. Compiled by a poll of industry professionals, Fawlty Towers tops the list, followed by Cathy Come Home and Doctor Who.
21 December – Channel 5's 12-part series X-Rated which includes reviews of pornographic films is criticised as unacceptable by the Independent Television Commission after it showed clips of an R18 film that can only be bought from specialist suppliers.
22 December – A contestant in the grand final of Series 29 of the Channel 4 quiz show Fifteen to One who cannot be identified for legal reasons, is edited out of the episode. The contestant, standing at position 4, is eliminated in the first round, having answered two questions incorrectly. The two questions are cut from the sequence, while the camera jumps from positions 3 to 5. From Round 2, the show continues as normal.
24 December – Channel Four shows the 1999 version of A Christmas Carol starring Patrick Stewart, Richard E. Grant and Dominic West.
25 December – BBC One airs the UK television premiere of Titanic, with overnight figures giving it an audience of 9.9 million. ITV has seven of the top ten most watched programmes of the day. Other popular Christmas Day shows include Coronation Street (ITV, 13.7m), EastEnders (BBC One, 12.1m) and Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? (ITV, 11.1m).
27 December
BBC One airs a celebrity edition of Robot Wars, participants include Vic Reeves, Chris Eubank and boy band Five.
ITV airs Sinatra: Good Guy Bad Guy, a programme investigating Frank Sinatra's alleged links to the Mafia. The film was made without the permission of the Sinatra family and includes friends and colleagues discussing the late singer, some talking about him for the first time.

Debuts

BBC
1 January – Castaway 2000 (2000–2001)
4 January –
The Ghost Hunter (2000–2002)
Murder Rooms: Mysteries of the Real Sherlock Holmes (2000–2001)
7 January – Yoho Ahoy (2000–2001)
9 January – Second Sight (2000–2001)
13 January – Beast (2000–2001)
17 January – Gormenghast (2000)
23 January – Clocking Off (2000–2003)
4 February – My Hero (2000–2006)
14 February – Nature Boy (2000)
20 February – Hyperlinks (2000–2001)
23 February –
Hero to Zero (2000)
Child of Our Time (2000–present)
25 February – Perfect World (2000–2001)
27 February – Monarch of the Glen (2000–2005)
29 February – Blouse and Skirt (2000)
6 March – Cry Wolf (2000)
13 March – Bargain Hunt (2000–present)
15 March – Bruiser (2000)
16 March – Dirty Work (2000)
18 March – Randall & Hopkirk (2000–2001)
20 March – Techno Games (2000–2003)
26 March – Doctors (2000–present)
2 April – Deceit (2000)
3 April – 64 Zoo Lane (2000–2013)
6 April – L.A. 7 (2000)
7 April – Sheeep (2000–2001)
18 April – Madame Bovary (2000)
23 April – Football Fever (2000–2001)
27 April – The Big Impression (2000–2004)
30 April – Hearts and Bones (2000–2001)
2 May – Fish (2000)
11 May – Nice Girl (2000)
12 May – Coupling (2000–2004)
30 May – Liquid News (2000–2004)
1 June – Clarkson's Car Years (2000)
15 June –
McCready and Daughter (2000–2001)
Chambers (2000–2001)
25 June – Up Rising (2000)
26 June – The Syndicate (2000)
27 June – A Many Splintered Thing (2000)
13 July – Head on Comedy (2000)
16 July – Border Cafe (2000)
22 July – I Love the '70s (2000)
24 July – Xchange (2000–2006)
25 July – Glasgow Kiss (2000)
7 August – Tinsel Town (2000–2001)
14 August – The Weakest Link (2000–2012, 2017–present)
27 August – Down to Earth (2000–2005)
4 September – Waking the Dead (2000–2011)
10 September – Other People's Children (2000)
11 September – A Likeness in Stone (2000)
19 September – My Family (2000–2011)
25 September –
The Magic Key (2000–2001)
S Club 7 Go Wild! (2000)
26 September –
 Attachments (2000–2002)
 Marion and Geoff (2000–2003)
27 September – Big Kids (2000)
30 September – A History of Britain (2000–2002)
2 October – Breakfast (2000–present)
8 October –
Care (2000)
Top of the Pops Plus (2000–2001)
12 October – The Lampies (2000–2001)
16 October – BBC News at Ten (2000–present)
20 October – Too Much Sun (2000)
24 October – The Sins (2000)
6 November – What the Romans Did for Us (2000)
13 November – Human Remains (2000)
15 November – State of the Planet (2000)
24 November – Conquistadors (2000)
26 November – Take a Girl Like You (2000)
26 December – The Sleeper (2000)
28 December – Donovan Quick (2000)

ITV (Including ITV and ITV2)
4 January –
Grizzly Tales for Gruesome Kids (2000–2006, 2011–2012)
Dog and Duck (2000–2003)
5 January –
Bomber (2000)
Meeow! (2000–2002)
7 January – Whatever I Want (2000)
10 January –
Life Force (2000)
Little Grey Rabbit (2000–2001)
20 January – At Home with the Braithwaites (2000–2003)
21 January –
 The Secret (2000)
 The Unforgettable (2000–2002, 2010–2012)
26 January – This Is Personal: The Hunt for the Yorkshire Ripper (2000)
 1 March – Big Meg, Little Meg (2000–2001)
10 March – The Baskervilles (2000)
12 March – Hero of the Hour (2000)
13 March –
Savage Planet (2000–2000s)
The Blind Date (2000)
19 March – Seeing Red (2000)
26 March – The Last Musketeer (2000)
27 March – Monsignor Renard (2000)
2 April – Bob Martin (2000–2001)
23 April – The Railway Children (2000)
24 April – Cor, Blimey! (2000)
26 April – Rebus (2000–2007)
1 May – Metropolis (2000)
11 May – Harry and the Wrinklies (2000–2002)
17 May – Lady Audley's Secret (2000)
28 May – Baddiel and Skinner Unplanned (2000–2005)
7 June – The Coral Island (2000)
26 June – In Defence (2000)
6 July – Burnside (2000)
12 July – Pay and Display (2000)
15 August – The People Versus (2000–2002)
31 August – Safe As Houses (2000)
2 September – Lily Live! (2000–2001)
3 September – Anchor Me (2000)
7 September – Blind Ambition (2000)
17 September – My Fragile Heart (2000)
21 September – Preston Pig (2000)
24 September – Dirty Tricks (2000)
1 October – Lenny Blue (2000–2002) (also known as Tough Love)
2 October – Without Motive (2000–2001)
12 October – Fat Friends (2000–2005)
23 November – Close and True (2000)
24 November – A Dinner of Herbs (2000)

Channel 4
13 January – That Peter Kay Thing (2000)
14 January – Trigger Happy TV (2000–2003)
16 January – The Wilsons (2000)
1 March – A Place in the Sun (2000—present)
23 March – Jam / Jaaaaam (2000)
30 March – Da Ali G Show (2000–2004)
25 April – The Strange World of Michael Fry (2000)
9 May –
Anna Karenina (2000)
Walter: The Secret Life of a Victorian Pornographer (2000)
29 May – Lock, Stock... (2000)
14 July – Big Brother (Channel 4: 2000–2010, Channel 5: 2011–2018)
23 September – Futurama (1999–2013)
29 September – Black Books (2000–2004)
30 September – The Kids from Room 402 (1999–2001)
18 October – North Square (2000)
29 October – Dogma TV (2000)
27 December – Mind Control (2000–2003)
Unknown – Stark Raving Mad (1999–2000)

Channel 5
17 May – Urban Gothic (2000–2001)
18 May – Ex-Rated (2000)
22 May – Animal Airport (2000)
6 June – Naked Jungle (2000)
11 September – The Wright Stuff (2000–present)
12 September – Jailbreak (2000)
November – Headless (2000)
26 December – Audrey and Friends (2000; 2002)

S4C
6 June – Porc Peis Bach (2000–2005)
Unknown – The Celts (2000–?)
Unknown – Hacio (2000–present)

Play UK
Unknown – TOTP@Play (2000–2001)

Sky One
7 January – Angel (1999–2004)
10 January –
The West Wing (1999–2006)
Shasta McNasty (1999–2000)
11 January – Third Watch (1999–2005)
15 February – The Strangerers (2000)
9 April – The 10th Kingdom (2000)
17 April – Mega Babies (1999–2001)
6 July – Popular (1999–2001)
24 August – Once and Again (1999–2002)
3 September – Malcolm in the Middle (2000–2006)
11 September –
Harry Enfield's Brand Spanking New Show (2000)
Time Gentlemen Please (2000–2002)
Titus (2000–2002)
24 September –
Higher Ground (2000)
Relic Hunter (1999–2002)
9 October – Gene Roddenberry's Andromeda (2000–2005)
29 October – TV Years (2000–2001)
12 November – The Stretch (2000)
Undated – Get Real (1999–2000)
Unknown – Roswell (1999–2002)

Disney Channel UK
4 September – Monster by Mistake (1996–2003)
8 September – The Weekenders (2000–2004)

Nickelodeon UK
3 January – SpongeBob SquarePants (1999–present)
4 September – Saved By The Bell (1989–1994)

Nick Jr. UK
Unknown –
Hooley Dooleys (2001)
Little Bill (1999–2004)

Cartoon Network UK
 11 January – Courage the Cowardly Dog (1999–2002)
 2 February – Mike, Lu and Og (1999–2001)
 28 February – Fat Dog Mendoza (2000–2001)
 6 March – Dragon Ball Z
 17 April – Angela Anaconda (1999–2001)
 4 September – Batman Beyond (1999–2001)
 Unknown –
Fly Tales (1999–2001)

Fox Kids UK
 8 January – The Tick (1994–1996)
 1 April – Digimon (1999–2000)
 4 September – Power Rangers: Lightspeed Rescue (2000)

Discovery Kids
Unknown – Hi-5 (1999–2011, 2017–present)

Channels

New channels

Pay Defunct channels

Defunct channels

Television shows

Changes of network affiliation

Returning this year after a break of one year or longer
16 October – One Foot in the Grave (1990–1997, 2000)
30 October – Blockbusters (1983–93, 1994–95, 1997, 2000–01, 2012, 2019)
17 November – Butterflies (1978–1983, 2000)

Continuing television shows

1920s
BBC Wimbledon (1927–1939, 1946–2019, 2021–present)

1930s
The Boat Race (1938–1939, 1946–2019)

1950s
Panorama (1953–present)
What the Papers Say (1956–2008)
Captain Pugwash (1957–1975, 1997–2002)
The Sky at Night (1957–present)
Blue Peter (1958–present)
Grandstand (1958–2007)

1960s
Coronation Street (1960–present)
Songs of Praise (1961–present)
Top of the Pops (1964–2006)
Match of the Day (1964–present)
Call My Bluff (1965–2005)
The Money Programme (1966–2010)
Gardeners World (1968–present)

A Question of Sport (1969–present)

1970s
Emmerdale (1972–present)
Newsround (1972–present)
Last of the Summer Wine (1973–2010)
Wish You Were Here...? (1974–2003)
Arena (1975–present)
One Man and His Dog (1976–present)
Grange Hill (1978–2008)
Blankety Blank (1979–1990, 1997–2002)
Antiques Roadshow (1979–present)
Question Time (1979–present)

1980s
Children in Need (1980–present)
Timewatch (1982–present)
Brookside (1982–2003)
Countdown (1982–present)
Right to Reply (1982–2001)
James the Cat (1984–1992, 1998–2003)
The Bill (1984–2010)
Channel 4 Racing (1984–2016)
Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends (1984–present)
EastEnders (1985–present)
Comic Relief (1985–present)
Casualty (1986–present)
ChuckleVision (1987–2009)
London's Burning (1988–2002)
On the Record (1988–2002)
Fifteen to One (1988–2003, 2013–2019)
This Morning (1988–present)

1990s
Stars in Their Eyes (1990–2006, 2015)
Big Break (1991–2002)
Heartbeat (1992–2010)
The Big Breakfast (1992–2002)
999 (1992–2003)
Breakfast with Frost (1993–2005)
Wipeout (1994–2002)
Animal Hospital (1994–2004)
Room 101 (1994–2007, 2012–2018)
Time Team (1994–2013)
The National Lottery Draws (1994–2017)
Top of the Pops 2 (1994–2017)
Hollyoaks (1995–present)
Ballykissangel (1996–2001)
Y Clwb Rygbi, Wales (1997–present)
Dream Team (1997–2007)
Family Affairs (1997–2005)
100% (1997–2001)
Teletubbies (1997–2002, 2007–2009, 2012, 2015–2018)
Robot Wars (1998–2004, 2016–2018)
Midsomer Murders (1997–present)
Don't Try This at Home (1998–2001)
Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? (1998–2014, 2018–present)
Bob the Builder (1998–present)
British Soap Awards (1999–2019, 2022–present)
The League of Gentlemen (1999–2002)
Holby City (1999–2022)
See It Saw It (1999–2001)
Spaced (1999–2001)
Tweenies (1999–2002)

Ending this year
 Nine O'Clock News (1970–2000)
 Pingu (1986–2000, 2004–2006)
 Inspector Morse (1987–2000)
 Breakfast News (1989–2000)
 Mike and Angelo (1989–2000)
 One Foot in the Grave (1990–2000)
 Rosie and Jim (1990–2000)
 Gladiators (1992–2000, 2008–2009)
 One Foot in the Past (1993–2000)
 Mr. Motivator exercise routines (1993–2000)
 Can't Cook, Won't Cook (1995–2000)
 TFI Friday (1996–2000)
 dinnerladies (1998–2000)
 Heartburn Hotel (1998–2000)
 Sunburn (1999–2000)
 Hope and Glory (1999–2000)
 Queer as Folk (1999–2000)
 Insides Out (1999–2000)

Births
27 June – Ruben Reuter, actor
29 June – Kia Pegg, actress
5 October – Millie Innes, actress

Deaths

See also
 2000 in British music
 2000 in British radio
 2000 in the United Kingdom
 List of British films of 2000

References

External links
List of 2000 British television series at IMDb


Saihei Hirose (June 16, 1828 – 1914) was a Japanese mining businessman and former head of the board of directors of Sumitomo Zaibatsu from 1877 to 1894. Prior to that, he was manager of the Besshi Copper Mine, which he extensively modernised using Western technology.

There is a museum dedicated to him in Niihama, called the Hirose Memorial Museum.

References

1828 births
1914 deaths
Japanese mining businesspeople


Pascal Wollach (born October 16, 1987) is a male swimmer from Canada, who mostly competes in the freestyle and backstroke events. He claimed a bronze medal (4 × 200 m freestyle relay) at the 2007 Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Wollach is now retired from swimming. He graduated in 2016 from the University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine and recently started a career in dentistry.

References
Profile Canadian Olympic Committee

1987 births
Living people
Auburn Tigers men's swimmers
Canadian male backstroke swimmers
Canadian male freestyle swimmers
People from Melfort, Saskatchewan
Sportspeople from Saskatchewan
University of Calgary alumni
Pan American Games bronze medalists for Canada
Pan American Games medalists in swimming
Swimmers at the 2007 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 2007 Pan American Games


Henri Hoppenot (; October 25, 1891 – August 10, 1977) was a French diplomat and the last commissioner-general in Indochina (1955–1956). He also served as the French president of the United Nations Security Council from 1952 to 1955.

In August 1914, he started in the Press Office of the Department of Foreign Affairs. He became friends with Alexis Leger (later Saint-John Perse, who would maintain a friendship of more than sixty years. When they entered the ministry, there had already been diplomat-writers: Jean Giraudoux, Paul Morand and Paul Claudel.

He was a librettist for Darius Milhaud.

In 1917, he was an attaché at the Embassy of France in Berne. He married Helena Delacour.

In 1938, he was a deputy director of the Europe division at the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

In 1940, he was a minister plenipotentiary at Montevideo.

He rallied to Free France and headed the civil service of the military mission in Washington, DC.

In 1943, he was a delegate of the Provisional Government of the Republic to the United States. From 1945 to 1952, he was the ambassador of France in Bern after eight months of a vacancy. He aimed to restore confidence between the two countries, aided by the consul general of France in Geneva, Xavier de Gaulle, who served from 1944 to 1953.
In 1951, he was an honorary member of the Museum of Fine Arts Bern.

From 1952 to 1955, he was the permanent representative of France to the UN Security Council.

From 1955 to 1956, he was the commissioner-general of France in Indochina.

From 1956 to 1964, he was a member of the French Council of State.

Together with his wife, Hélène, who was an accomplished photographer, he produced the book Extrême-Orient (Ides et Calendes, 1951) with photos taken in the Far East. (Hélène Hoppenot's photography book on Tunisia is )

References

1891 births
1977 deaths
Ambassadors of France to Uruguay
Permanent Representatives of France to the United Nations
Ambassadors of France to Switzerland


William Carpenter ( – 7 September 1685) was a co-founder of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, born about 1610, probably in Amesbury, Wiltshire, England. He died  September 7, 1685, in the Pawtuxet section of Providence, now in Cranston, Rhode Island. He was listed by 1655 as a "freeman" of the colony.

Life and career
William Carpenter was the son of Richard Carpenter, who was born in England, probably in or near the Wiltshire town and parish of Amesbury or the adjacent parish of Newton Ton(e)y.  His mother may have been Alice Knight, but this is not confirmed.

William married Elizabeth Arnold (Nov 23, 1611 - after Sep 7, 1685), who was born in Ilchester, Somerset, England, the daughter of William Arnold (June 24, 1587 - 1675/76) and sister of Benedict Arnold, the first governor of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.  William and Elizabeth had eight children together: Joseph, Lydia, Ephraim, Priscilla, Timothy, Silas, Benjamin, and William. The couple were probably buried on their homestead in present-day Cranston, Rhode Island.

William Carpenter is the first person bearing the surname "Carpenter" to make permanent settlement in America.  He settled in Providence Plantation and was instrumental in its development as a Colony, holding many public offices.

Providence Plantation

William Carpenter was not one of the first six settlers of Providence Plantation with Roger Williams in 1636, but he arrived early the next spring with seven others. His name is listed in the first deed executed in the settlement by Roger Williams.  In 1640, his name appears with the names of 38 others on an agreement to form a government in Providence.

Carpenter built a block house on his property soon after settling there for defense against Indian attacks, the first in the colony.  Many of the surviving Providence Plantation settlers gathered there for protection from an Indian attack during King Philip's War, and their brave stand compelled the Indians to retreat.  Carpenter's son William Jr. was killed in the attack, along with many other settlers.  During King Philip's War, the counsel of the most judicious inhabitants of the colony was sought by the General Assembly, and Carpenter was one of 16 individuals named in this request.

Public offices
William Carpenter was one of four appointed by Boston authorities "to keepe the peace in [Pawtuxet]," 1642[–1658?].

Commissioner (deputy?) for Providence to Rhode Island General Court Assembly
1657-1665, 1675, 1676, 1679.

Appointed juror, General Court of Trials
 1657/8 (but did not serve), 1661[/2], 1663, 1664; juror for Grand Inquest, 1658/9, 1663, 1665; then warden (magistrate) for General Court of Trials, 1660/1.

Providence town meeting moderator
June 1662, June 1665, September 1665, April 1666, September 1666, October 1670, December 1670, February 1670/1, April–September 1671.

General assistant for Providence to Rhode Island General Assembly
1665-1672.

Providence justice of the peace
1665/6, 1667, 1668 and officiated marriages from his office as an assistant for the Providence to the Rhode Island General Assembly from 1669-1671/72.

Providence town councilman
January 1670/1, June 1673.

Section References:

See also

List of early settlers of Rhode Island
Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations

References

Bibliography

The Bridenbaugh volume is a good general introduction to Rhode Island history but nevertheless misinterprets Weeden (Early RI 87) in saying that, to build William Harris's Pawtuxet house, William Carpenter was brought from Amesbury in Massachusetts Bay Colony (see Bridenbaugh 38, 141).

 Harris Papers, Collections of the Rhode Island Historical Society, vol. 10 (Providence, 1902);
 Anne Keary, "Retelling the History of the Settlement of Providence: Speech, Writing, and Cultural Interaction on Narragansett Bay," The New England Quarterly 69(1996):250–86;
 Glenn W. LaFantasie, ed., The Correspondence of Roger Williams, 2 vols. (Providence, 1988);

Further reading
 History and Genealogy of the Carpenter Family in America From the Settlement at Providence, R.I., 1637-1901, Daniel Hoogland Carpenter, The Marion Press, Jamaica, New York, 1901

See also
William Arnold (settler)
Benedict Arnold (governor)
Stukeley Westcott
Roger Williams (theologian)

External links
Pawtuxet Cove
City of Cranston Official Site
genetic research on William Carpenter.
Carpenter Cousins research

1610 births
1685 deaths
English emigrants
People of colonial Rhode Island
History of Providence, Rhode Island
People from Amesbury


Nostradamus – The Fate of Man is the twelfth studio album by the Dutch progressive rock band Kayak. The album charted only for three weeks.

This concept-album tells the story of French doctor and seer Nostradamus, but from the viewpoint of a Flemish monk, Yves de Lessines. The (unproven) theory behind this is that Nostradamus was not the writer of his famous "Centuries". These poems were in fact written 200 years earlier by De Lessines, and they were a secret code to find the treasures of the Knights Templar. On one of his journeys, Nostradamus found the book that De Lessines wrote, and interpreted the poems in his own way, turning them into predictions. This theory was launched and motivated by Belgian professor and historian Rudy Cambier in his book "Nostradamus and the lost Templar legacy" (2003). Kayak found this approach much more interesting than the usual Nostradamus-stories, and decided to take this theory as a starting point for their second rock-opera.

Just before the start of recordings, bassplayer Bert Veldkamp left the band because he could not combine Kayak with his day job. Originally a bassplayer, Ton Scherpenzeel played this instrument on the recordings. At concerts, Jan van Olffen fulfilled this task. Van Olffen stayed with Kayak, and is still the band's bassplayer. This album sees the return of Edward Reekers, lead singer with Kayak from 1978 until 1982. His part of "The Monk" was the start of his second life with Kayak, which lasts until the present day.

The album is a double CD. There was also a single CD released, under the title Excerpts From Nostradamus. That CD contains 11 songs, plus "The Story Behind Nostradamus" in Dutch and English.

At concerts in 2005, the band played this rock-opera in its entirety. On stage, the band was joined by dancers and three extra singers: Marc Dollevoet, Marloes van Woggelum and Marjolein Teepen. After this album and tour, singer Bert Heerink left the band to concentrate on his solo career.

Track listing
(All lyrics by Irene Linders and Ton Scherpenzeel)

CD1
 "The Secret Study" (Koopman) - 1:46
 "Overture - A Strange And Cryptic Tale" (Scherpenzeel) - 3:03
 "Friend Of The Stars 1" (Scherpenzeel) - 4:17
 "Celestial Science" (Scherpenzeel) - 3:50
 "The Student" (Scherpenzeel) - 1:22
 "Dance Of Death 1" (Koopman) - 3:24
 "Fresh Air, Running Water, Rose Pills" (Scherpenzeel/Koopman) - 4:09
 "The Monk's Comment 1" (Scherpenzeel) - 0:43
 "Seekers Of Truth 1" (Koopman) - 4:14
 "Dance Of Death 2" (Koopman) - 1:04
 "Save My Wife" (Scherpenzeel) - 5:24
 "The Monk's Comment 2" (Scherpenzeel) - 0:30
 "Pagan's Paradise" (Scherpenzeel) - 4:23
 "The Inquisition" (Scherpenzeel) - 5:31
 "The Wandering Years" (Koopman) - 4:41
 "The Monk's Comment 3" (Scherpenzeel) - 0:48
 "If History Was Mine Alone" (Scherpenzeel) - 2:57
 "Friend Of The Stars 2" (Scherpenzeel) - 0:37

CD2
 "A Man With Remarkable Talents" (Scherpenzeel) - 3:30
 "Settle Down" (Scherpenzeel) - 4:21
 "The Monk's Comment 4" (Scherpenzeel) - 0:41
 "The Flying Squadron" (Koopman) - 4:14
 "Dance Of Mirrors" (Scherpenzeel) - 3:22
 "A Royal Invitation" (Koopman) - 1:15
 "A Cruel Death + The Monk's Comment 5" (Scherpenzeel) - 3:57
 "Tell Me All" (Scherpenzeel) - 3:27
 "The Tournament" (Koopman) - 4:12
 "The Golden Cage" (Scherpenzeel) - 2:08
 "Seekers Of Truth 2" (Koopman) - 2:00
 "Living In Two Realities" (Scherpenzeel) - 4:11
 "Act Of Despair" (Koopman) - 4:22
 "The Secret Study 2" (Koopman) - 1:41
 "The Centuries" (Scherpenzeel/Koopman) - 5:03
 "(You Won't Find Me) Alive At Sunrise" (Scherpenzeel) - 3:19
 "Friend Of The Stars 3" (Scherpenzeel) - 1:13
 "Epilogue - The Fate Of Man" (Scherpenzeel) - 2:57

Members
 Ton Scherpenzeel - keyboards, bass guitar, accordion, backing vocals
 Pim Koopman - drums, keyboards, guitar, percussion, backing vocals
 Bert Heerink - lead and backing vocals ("The Astrologer")
 Cindy Oudshoorn - lead and backing vocals ("The Astrologer's Second Wife")
 Joost Vergoossen - guitars
 Rob Vunderink - guitars, lead and backing vocals ("The Opposition")
 Edward Reekers - lead and backing vocals, voice-over ("The Monk")
 Monique van der Ster - lead and backing vocals ("The Queen")
 Syb van der Ploeg - lead and backing vocals ("The Scientist")

Guests
 Marjolein Teepen - vocals ("The Flying Squadron")
 Eddy Koopman - percussion
 Rens van der Zalm - fiddle
 The Nostradamus Choir - vocals ("The People")
 Valentijn Achterberg - voice ("The Boy")

References

Kayak (band) albums
2005 albums


This is a list of official symbols of Puerto Rico.

Symbol or Emblem

Puerto Rico does not have an official bird. In 2001 the legislature passed a bill designating the pitirre (Tyrannus dominicensis), but the governor vetoed the bill because it is not endemic to Puerto Rico.

See also

Governors of Puerto Rico

References

Symbols
Puerto Rico


Gorge Road is a South Australian secondary road, connecting the Adelaide suburbs of Campbellltown and Athelstone with the towns of Cudlee Creek and Chain of Ponds. It has been designated route B31 for most of its length.

Major intersections

References

See also

Roads in South Australia


Swissporarena is a multi-use stadium in Lucerne, Switzerland, completed in 2011. It is used mostly for football matches and hosts the home matches of FC Luzern of the Swiss Super League. The stadium has a capacity of 16,800 spectators, including an away fans' section fitted with 390 rail seats for safe standing.  It replaced the demolished Stadion Allmend.

The stadium was due to open earlier in the year but several problems during construction changed the plans. In February 2011, the club announced the new season ticket prices for their return home.

The stadium held its first match, a 0–0 against FC Thun on 31 July 2011.

Since November 2012, the stadium and surrounding area has been served by the underground Lucerne Allmend/Messe railway station.

International matches

International matches

UEFA Women's Euro 2025
For the UEFA Women's Euro 2025 in Switzerland, the stadium will host 3 games of the group stage.

Gallery

See also
 List of football stadiums in Switzerland

References

External links

 Stadium information

Football venues in Switzerland
FC Luzern
Buildings and structures in Lucerne
Tourist attractions in the canton of Lucerne


Dhaka  was a branch of the  founded in the city of Dhaka in November 1905. Initially a group of eighty under the leadership of Pulin Behari Das, it "spread like wildfire" throughout the province of East Bengal. More than 500 branches were opened, linked by a "close and detailed organization" to Pulin's headquarters at Dhaka. It absorbed smaller groups in the province and soon overshadowed its parent organization in Calcutta. Branches of Dhaka Anushilan emerged in the towns of Jessore, Khulna, Faridpur, Rajnagar, Rajendrapur, Mohanpur, Barvali, Bakarganj and other places. Estimates of 's reach show a membership of between 15,000 and 20,000 members.

Within another two years, Dhaka Anushilan would devolve its aims from the Swadeshi movement to the dedicated aim of political terrorism. The  embarked on a radical program of political terrorism. It broke with the Jugantar group due to differences with Aurobindo's approach of slowly building a base for a revolution with a mass base. The Dhaka group saw this as slow and insufficient and sought immediate action and results. It was responsible for several political assassinations, most notably the murder of D.C. Allen. However, it reached a temporary halt after the arrest and deportation of Pulin Das and the Barisal Conspiracy Case in 1913. Dhaka Anushilan decided not to participate in the German plot of World War I. After the war, it continued in its violent movement, and some of its members went on to form the Neo-violence group.

References

.

Anushilan Samiti


"Anything for You" is Bonnie Pink's twenty-seventh single from the album Thinking Out Loud. The single was released under the Warner Music Japan label on March 28, 2007.

Track listing
Anything for You
Love Song (Remix Version) M-Flo loves Bonnie Pink
Anything for You (Instrumental)

Charts

Oricon Sales Chart

2007 singles
2007 songs
Bonnie Pink songs
Warner Music Japan singles
Songs written by Bonnie Pink


Cipolla is Italian for onion and may refer to:

Cipolla di Giarratana, a variety of onion
11600 Cipolla (1995 SQ2), a main-belt asteroid
Cipolla's algorithm

People with the surname
Bruno Cipolla (born 1952), Italian rowing coxswain and Olympic champion
Carlo Maria Cipolla (1922–2000), Italian economic historian
Chip Cipolla (died 1994), radio announcer for sports teams in the New York City area
Glorianda Cipolla (born 1946), Italian Olympic alpine skier
Flavio Cipolla (born 1983), professional tennis player on the ATP Tour from Italy
Jason Cipolla (born 1974), American basketball player
Michele Cipolla (died 1947), Italian mathematician
Roberto Cipolla (born 1963), British computer vision researcher
Vin Cipolla (born 1956), American entrepreneur and civic leader

See also

Cipollone
Cipollina (disambiguation)
Cipollini (disambiguation)
Cipollino (disambiguation)
Chipolin (disambiguation)

Italian-language surnames


Veiveriai is a town in Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, its population was 1,167. It is located about  southwest of Kaunas on the road to Marijampolė.

History

The town was first mentioned in written sources in 1744, but began growing a century later when a large postal station was established on the Kaunas–Suwałki road, part of a longer Berlin – St. Petersburg route, in 1838–1839. Mail coaches would stop here to change horses and pick up passengers. The office was closed after the postal route was superseded by the Warsaw – Saint Petersburg Railway, built in 1859–1861. During the Uprising of 1863, a battle occurred between local rebels (some 620 men) and Russians army on August 21, 1863. Poorly armed rebels were defeated and lost about 80 men before retreating. After establishment of the teachers' seminary, Veiveriai grew as a center of education and culture. In the 1930s, during an economic crisis, the town was part of fierce protests against the government of Antanas Smetona. Two protesters were killed. After World War II, Veiveriai supported armed anti-Soviet resistance. In 1989 Skausmo kalnelis (Hill of Sorrows) was created where bodies of killed resistance fighters were buried. The hill was incorporated into the town's coat of arms, adopted in 2004.

Education
In 1866 Tsarist authorities established teachers' courses (in 1872 reorganized into the Veiveriai Teachers' Seminary) in the old post office building. The seminary trained teachers for elementary schools in the Suwałki Governorate and became and important center of the Lithuanian National Revival. During World War I, the seminary was evacuated into Russia, but never returned. Its former building was used to establish a secondary school in 1919. The school was named after Tomas Žilinkas, who taught at the teachers' seminary for 37 years and encouraged his students to read banned Lithuanian books. As of May 2008, the school had 458 students and 45 teachers. In 1989 a music school was established in Veiveriai. In 1994 it was renamed after opera singer Antanas Kučingis and expanded to include non-musical specialties. The school has 120 students and 17 teachers.

Religion
The first chapel in Veiveriai was built in the second half of the 18th century. In 1818 nobles of the Godlewski family built a wooden church, staffed by vicars from Zapyškis. Since 1846 Veiveriai, as a center of a parish, had its own priests. In 1853 Józef Godlewski built a brick Neo-Renaissance church, named after Saint Louis. The church was reconstructed in 1930s when Mykolas Krupavičius, alumni of the teachers' seminary, briefly served in Veiveriai.

References

External links
 Wejwery in the Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland (1893)

Towns in Lithuania
Towns in Kaunas County


Eirik Sørensen (born 17 July 1984) is a Norwegian football goalkeeper who currently plays for Tromsdalen UIL.

He played youth soccer for IF Skarp and Tromsdalen, and made his senior debut for Tromsdalen in 2003. He eventually established himself in the first team. He was loaned out to regional greats Tromsø IL in 2005, and got one game in the Norwegian Premier League.

References

Norwegian men's footballers
Tromsdalen UIL players
Tromsø IL players
Footballers from Tromsø
1984 births
Living people
Eliteserien players

Men's association football goalkeepers


The following articles contain lists of separatist movements:

 Lists of active separatist movements
 List of historical separatist movements


The Tivoli, colloquially known as the new Tivoli, is a football stadium in the Sportpark Soers in Aachen, Germany, that opened on 17 August 2009 replacing the nearby old Tivoli. It hosts the home matches of Alemannia Aachen in the Regionalliga West. The stadium has a capacity of 31,026 spectators – space for 11,681 standing spectators and 19,345 seats. The (all-)seating capacity for international games is set at 27,250.

The city first suggested the new stadium should be built outside the city, near the local airport. However, fans wanted the stadium built within the city. After much debate, plans were released in February 2007, showing that the new stadium would be built in Sportpark Soers, the sporting area the previous stadium was in.

About €4.2 million of the construction costs were financed by bonds mainly targeted at supporters of Alemannia Aachen.

The first match in the new stadium was against the Belgian team Lierse SK, but it was closed for the public. The first Bundesliga-match took place on 17 August 2009 against FC St. Pauli which Aachen lost 0–5, which was the highest home-defeat in Aachen's history.

The first international match was on 4 September 2009 when the Germany national under-21 football team played their first match of the 2011 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship qualification against San Marino, which they won 6–0.

In June 2023, it was announced that the city of Aachen agreed to 1.FC Düren's application to use the stadium for the 2023/24 Regionalliga West season. Without the right to play their home games at the Tivoli, 1.FC Düren would not have been granted a license for the Regionalliga West and would thus inevitably have been relegated. The Düren stadium is being made suitable for Regionallia West play in the meantime.

Capacity

Gallery

References

External links

 Stadium information

Football venues in Germany
Buildings and structures in Aachen
Multi-purpose stadiums in Germany
Alemannia Aachen


Pinotti is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Henrique Walter Pinotti, Brazilian physician, surgeon, professor of surgery at the University of São Paulo's Medical School
José Aristodemo Pinotti (1934–2009), Brazilian physician, gynecological surgeon, university professor, educational leader and politician
Marco Pinotti (born 1976), Italian road racing cyclist for UCI ProTeam Team Columbia
Mario Pinotti (1894–1972), Brazilian medic and sanitarist
Roberta Pinotti (born 1961), Italian politician

See also
12470 Pinotti, main-belt asteroid
Plasmodium pinotti, parasite of the genus Plasmodium subgenus Giovannolaia

Italian-language surnames


Shava is an animal totem variant of the Mhofu/Mpofu, which is the name of the eland deer-like animal in Southern Africa. Shava is often associated with fair skin, resembling the colors of the Eland, or becoming self-sufficient, such as by hunting or fishing.

Shava is associated with the Vahera tribe, descendants of Mbiru, who lived at Gombe Hill in present-day Buhera, East of Zimbabwe. The Vahera are Shona, a collective name for many tribes who lived in present-day Zimbabwe before Mzilikazi settled there with his Ndebele people. The Ndebele use the name Mpofu in Matabeleland. The Vahera people claim that they came from Guruuswa, an area North of the Zambezi River, in Uganda and Sudan. Another claim is that they entered Zimbabwe via Mozambique, where some of their daughters bred with foreign traders along the coast, resulting in light brown skin tone. That light brown is called shava in Shona.

Buhera means "Hera people".

Clans
Mbiru was identified by his totem Shava (the eland), also known as Nhuka. All descendants of Mbiru share the totem, but some changed to various Chidawos over time (praise name in parentheses) to hide from their enemies. Their praise poetry uses terms such as Mhofuyemukono (the bull eland) and Mhukahuru (the large beast).

The Shava belt encompasses the following dynasties: Bocha, in the East, in the angle of the Odzi and Save; Marange (Shava Mukonde) in Buhera on the south bank of the upper Save, the Nyashanu (Shava Museyamwa), the Mutekedza (Shava Masarirambi) South of Buhera and the Munyaradzi (Shava Wakanonoka).

Shava Royals stretched west of the watershed from the upper Munyati to the Munyati-Mupfure confluence. These include the  Mushava (Shava Musimuvi), the Nherera and Rwizi (Shava Mazarura) in the middle of Mupfure River, the Chivero (Shava Mwendamberi) to the far West of Chivero, the Neuso (Shava Mhukahuru Murehwa), the Muvirimirwa, the Chireya, or the Shava Murehwa, the Njerere (Shava Mvuramavi), the Nemangwe, the Matore (Shava Mudavanhu), direct descendants of Dore son of Nyashanu. They stretch from Kasuwe in Gokwe to Piriviri in Hurungwe, they praise mutunhu uri pana Chiremera, Chirembera is a place in Gokwe Kasuwe area where Dore resided during his stay in Gokwe before he returned to Buhera and died, the Nenyanga, the Negonde, the Nyavira, the Neharava, the Seke Mutema (Shava Mvuramavi), the Hwata dynasty (Shava Mufakose) and the Chiweshe (Shava Mutenhesenwa) in northern Zimbabwe and (Shava Nyakuviruka) and Shava Mhizha and the Shava Museyamwa of Chishanga,who praise vari Matiringe, vanodana vari Majakatira, vari Chishanga, and vari Mashakazhara who are direct descendants of Mutunhakuenda (sometimes referred to as Mutunhakwenda or just Mutunha), a great- grandson of Nyashanu. His father was Ndyakavamwa, the son of Gukunava, the son of Dakota, or Mutekwatekwa, the son of Nyashanu. He moved south to the current day Masvingo province and established the Chishanga kingdom.

Contrary to accepted history, governance of the area was organized.

Totem Poem
Maita Shava,

Mhofu yomukono, Ziwewera

Hekani Mutekedza

Vakatekedzana paJanga

Vakapiwa vakadzi munyika yavaNjanja

Hekani Mutekedza, vari uHera Mukonde

Zvaitwa Mhukahuru, vemiswe inochenga miviri

Ziendanetyaka, mutunhu une mago

Vanovangira vashura vhu, kutsivira mutumbi

Chidavarume, vanovhimwa navanonyanga

Vasakamonera vakadzi dzenhema

Vanomonera vakadzi dzamangondi

Vanochemera wavatanga

Vane misodzi inodonha pasi

Kuti yadonha yoda nhevedzo yeromunhu ropa

Tonotenda vari Matenhere

Vari pazvikomo zveMbwenya

Maita veTsambochena, Mhofu yomukono

Kuyambuka rwizi mvura yakwira makomo

Totenda voMuchimbare, veGuruuswa

Vane nzangachena kunge mwedzi wejenachena

Kuziva zvenyu VaShava Mukonde, vari Gombe

Zvaonekwa vahombarume, zvaitwa Mbiru

Aiwa, zvaonekwa Sarirambi, zvaiitwa Nyashanu.

History
Vahera culture was underpinned by inclusiveness and included marrying outside the totem. The most compelling untold history is that of Seke Mutema, whose actions opened up the North, East, and West of present-day Zimbabwe to the Valera. Seke was the first son of Nyashanu and was disgruntled because he had been passed over. His mother may have been from the Dziva people in the West and the Northeast.

With his brothers Hwata, Chiweshe, Marange, and Gwenzi, he set up a vast kingdom that encouraged other members of their tribe to move south and west. The change in totems was more related to these events than the need for intermarriage, which has never been widely accepted there.

Chiweshe's and Hwata's children’s battles over land and women are claimed to have been encouraged by Uncle Gwenzi, who was without issue. In settling these disputes, Hwata became Mufakose. He intervened in conflicts in the West with Mzilikazi and fought within territories under his governance while Chiweshe assumed mutenhesanwa (those fighting among themselves).

Seke changed to Mvuramavi (hellstorm/waterstone-Mvuramahwe) after having agreed, as per Rozvi tradition, to change his people's totem to Zuruvi to marry the Zuruvi chief's daughter as a peace arrangement. Upon the death of his wife, the people agitated to return to their original totem. This was no longer possible given the intervening intermarriage.

Seke was the eldest, followed by Aitewedzerwa na Chiweshe, Kouya Hwata, Marange, and lastly, Gwenzi. Their mother was a Rozvi princess. When he used the Chidawo, Seke boasted that he was a Muzukuru of the Rozvi (Varidzi Wevu) through using the Chidawo Ivuramai Vangu, shortened to Vhuramai (the soil/land belongs to my mother, i.e., vana Sekuru Vake, or the Rozvi).

This served to remind all neighboring clans of Seke's blue blood. Seke's new sons-in-law, the Matemai, went crazy on seeing Vabvana Vatsvuku Weshava and immediately gave Seke the area where they now live.

His neighbors were the Matemai to the Northeast, the Tingini's Soko Murehwa of Washawasha in the North around the Harare suburbs of Glenlorne/Chisipiti, and to the West Chiwero (around WarrenHills/Dziwaresekwa all to areas around Norton) and associated people such as the Gwanzura. To the Northwest were the Mapondera, who occupied the land stretching from the Harare suburbs of Marlborough/Mt Hamperden to the Mazowe valley (Kugomba). The South was the dominion of Seke's father Nyashanu (Churu Chine Masvesve). To the east was the Vatsunga of Nyandoro, the Vahota (Chihota), and the Vambire around Mount Hwedza.

War with the Gunguvo people ensued during Goreraza's rule (Seke #18). They pushed the invaders out and thus assumed the totem Mhofu Mvuramahwe, which over time came to be Mvuramavi (Waterstone) and is now commonly referred to as Vhuramavi. Seke was not the first son of Nyashanu. Nyashanu's first son was Masarirambi, followed by Chiwashira, Mapanzure, Munyaradzi then Marange. The name Nyashanu is a nickname for Mbiru or Munhuwepi. He came and settled at  Gombe hills (Chikomo che Mbwera), with his 5 sons. He then sired other sons, ie. Chiweshe, Gwenzi, Hwata, Seke and others. Their Sister Nehanda, the first, was given to the Rozvi Chief as a little girl. The Rozvi then migrated to the Mazoe area en route to Guruve. A spirit Medium manifested in her, and the Rozvi seny a message to Nyashanu. Nyashanu dispatched his two sons Chiweshe and Hwata, to go and perform rituals as the inlaws of the Rozvi, and that is how Chiweshe and Hwata were given areas to rule by the Rozvis. Chiweshe was an excellent archer and warrior. Nyashanhu later had many wives and many sons.

His first 5 sons left Vuhera and were chiefs in areas around their father. Masarirambi went north to the Mtekedza area, followed by Chiwashira, who was near Chivu. Marange settled across the Save in the present Narange area. Munyaradzi settled in Gutu. Mapanzure settled in the Rushanga area before relocating to Zvishavane. Mbwera Seke was the oldest remaining son looking after his father. The father was old and could not manage his conjugal duties to his many wives. Seke as the elder son took over duties to the younger wives. When the father learned of this, Seke followed his brothers to the north North.

References

Sources
 Beach, D.N.A Zimbabwe Past, Mambo Press, 1994

Zimbabwean culture


"Water Me" is Bonnie Pink's twenty-eighth single and is taken from the album Thinking Out Loud. The single was released under the Warner Music Japan label on June 6, 2007. It was used as the ending theme for the 2007 Japanese television drama Watashitachi no Kyōkasho.

Track listing
Water Me
Gimme a Beat
Magical Mystery Tour
Water Me (Instrumental)
Gimme a Beat (Instrumental)

Oricon Sales Chart

2007 singles
2007 songs
Bonnie Pink songs
Japanese television drama theme songs
Warner Music Japan singles
Songs written by Bonnie Pink