The Bush Six are six former officials of the United States government under the presidency of George W. Bush (2001–09) against whom
criminal charges were filed in Spain in 2009 by Baltasar Garzón.
After appeal of lower court ruling that proceedings could move forward, Spain's National Court dismissed the case for lack of jurisdiction.
In closing the investigation, Judge  applied reforms to the universal jurisdiction law introduced by the current Conservative government that imposed new limits on the jurisdiction of Spanish courts that require that cases involve suspects who are Spanish citizens or are living in Spain.

History

In March 2009 Baltasar Garzón was asked to consider whether Spain should allow charges to be filed against:
Alberto Gonzales, former White House Counsel and US Attorney General;
David Addington, former Chief of Staff to the Vice President of the United States (under Dick Cheney).
Jay Bybee, head of the Office of Legal Counsel, Department of Justice (2001 March 2003); also at the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel; appointed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in 2003, retired from active service in 2019;
John Yoo, deputy Assistant of Attorney General of the Office of Legal Counsel (2001–2003);
Douglas Feith, former undersecretary of Defense for policy; and
William Haynes II, former general counsel for the Department of Defense (chief counsel for Donald Rumsfeld, Secretary of Defense)

Jane Mayer, writing in The New Yorker, reported that Philippe Sands had predicted that charges would be laid against the six men back in his 2008 book Torture Team.
Mayer reported that after hearing news of the Spanish charges, Sands told her, "This is the end of these people’s professional reputations! This is no joke. We’re talking about the serious potential deprivation of liberty.”

Scott Horton, writing in The Daily Beast, reported on April 13, 2009, that his sources said formal charges would be filed on April 14, 2009.
Horton reported that Garzón had been urged to allow another judge, Ismail Moreno, to conduct the case, because he was still involved in the possible prosecution of Spanish former Guantanamo captives.
Paul Havens, reporting for the Associated Press reported that an unnamed source within the Spanish prosecutors office had told him that the charges would be filed during the week of April 14, 2009.
CNN, also quoting an unnamed source within the Spanish prosecutor's office, reported that charges were not expected for several days.

Spanish Attorney General drops the charges

On April 16, 2009, the Spanish Attorney General, Cándido Conde-Pumpido stated he thought the Spanish investigative magistrate should drop the consideration of charges against the six men. On April 17, 2009, Conde-Pumpido, said his office would not support Judge Garzon's effort to prosecute six Bush Administration officials for their role in the US antiterror effort. Conde-Pumpido believes that an American tribunal should judge the case (or dismiss it) before a Spanish Court ever thinks about becoming involved. Mr. Conde-Pumpido told reporters that Garzon's plan threatened to turn the court “into a toy in the hands of people who are trying to do a political action.”

Under the Spanish justice system, investigating magistrates like Garzón are not under the authority of the Attorney General, and he can continue to consider laying charges even though the Attorney General has advised against it.

On April 23, 2009, Eloy Velasco took over responsibility for determining whether or not the six former Bush officials should face Spanish charges.

The Guardian reported on April 29, 2009, that Garzón initiated a formal investigation into whether confessions from four former Guantanamo captives was the result of the use of abusive interrogation techniques.
The four men:
Hamed Abderrahman Ahmed, Lahcen Ikassrien, Jamiel Abdul Latif al Banna and Omar Deghayes, had previously faced charges in Spanish courts, based on confessions they made while in US custody.
Their charges had been dropped based on their claims that their confessions were false and were the result of abusive interrogation techniques.

On May 5, 2009, Investigating Magistrate Eloy Velasco formally requested the US to indicate whether they were going to conduct a domestic inquiry into the six men's conduct.
Spain's principle of universal justice allows third party states to charge non-citizens, and request their extradition, only when their country of citizenship has not conducted its own investigation.

On May 20, 2009, The New York Times reported that some Spanish legislators were proposing a law to strip investigating magistrates of the authority to pursue international human rights cases.
This law, however, would not retroactively put an end to the progress of current cases.  It would merely have stopped the initiation of similar cases.

According to historian Andy Worthington, writing in the Huffington Post,
Spanish newspaper Público had reported that Garzón was proceeding to the next phase of his investigation.
In February 2011, Judge Ruz rejected a Spanish prosecutor's effort to stop the investigation.

U.S. embassy cables
Numerous embassy cables leaked by the whistle-blowing website WikiLeaks centered on the progression of the case. On April 1, 2009 a summary of the case was sent to the U.S. State Department by the Madrid Embassy. The cable suggests that the U.S. had intended to convince Spanish Officials to interfere with the National Court's judicial independence:

we do not know if the government would be willing to take the risky step of trying behind the scenes to influence the prosecutor's recommendation on this case or what their reaction to such a request would be.

The cable reveals that Chief Prosecutor Javier Zaragoza intended to steer the case away from its assignment to Judge Baltasar Garzón who is well known for investigating a universal jurisdiction case targeting Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet and has been an outspoken critic of the Guantanamo Bay detention facility and has publicly stated that former President George W. Bush should be tried for war crimes. Garzón was "forced to give up" the case against the Bush Six to another judge who declined to pursue the investigation. Garzón, however, continued an investigation into torture at  Guantanamo Bay and U.S. Officials indicated in a cable they feared he may, "attempt to wring all the publicity he can from the case unless and until he is forced to give it up."

U.S. Senators Mel Martinez and Judd Gregg lobbied on behalf of the U.S. government position as summarized in an embassy cable sent on April 17, 2009. Senator Martinez warned that, "the prosecutions would neither be understood nor accepted in the U.S. and would have an enormous impact on the bilateral relationship." Spanish Foreign Minister Angel Losada was quoted as saying, "the National Court had broad jurisdiction for universal justice and that there was no political influence on the judicial process."

See also
Lawfare

References

Quantified groups of defendants
Presidency of George W. Bush
Spain–United States relations


Acharapakkam was a state assembly constituency in Kancheepuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It included the town, Acharapakkam. . Acharapakkam assembly constituency (SC) was part of Chengalpattu (Lok Sabha constituency) which is now defunct.

Members of Legislative Assembly

Election Results

2006

Bye-election, 2002
Source: The Hindu
The MDMK, did not contest this seat, instead supported the PMK candidate, which also got the support of DMK and BJP.

2001

1996

1991

1989

1984

1980

1977

1971

1967

1962

References

External links

Former assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu
Kanchipuram district


Alandur is a legislative assembly in Chennai district and partially includes areas from Chengalpattu district and Kanchipuram District in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Its State Assembly Constituency number is 28. It consists of portions that includes the Alandur, Nanganallur, Adambakkam, Palavanthangal, Moulivakkam, Nandambakkam, Iyyapanthangal, Manapakkam, Mugalivakkam, Cowl Bazaar, St Thomas Mount cum Pallavaram Cantonment Board, Gerugambakkam, Kolapakkam, and some other parts of Chennai City and forms a part of Sriperumbudur constituency for elections to the Parliament of India. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India.

Members of the Legislative Assembly

Election results

2021

2016

2014 Bye-election

2011

2006

2001

1996

1991

1989

1984

1980

1977

References

Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu
Kanchipuram district


Alangudi is a state legislative assembly constituency in Pudukkottai district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It includes the city, Alangudi and is a part of the Sivaganga Lok Sabha constituency. The constituency is in existence since the 1957 election. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India.

Madras State

Tamil Nadu

Election results

2021

2016

2011

2006

2001

1996

1991

1989

1984

1980

1977

1971

1967

1962

1957

Notes

References

Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu
Pudukkottai district


Alangulam is a state legislative assembly constituency in Tenkasi district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It includes the city, Alangulam Tenkasi district. It is a part of the Tirunelveli Lok Sabha constituency.
Most successful candidate: DMK & ADMK (5 times). It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India.

Madras State

Tamil Nadu

Election results

2021

2016

2011

2006

2001

1996

1991

1989

1984

1980

1977

1971

1967

1962

1957

1952

References

Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu
Tirunelveli district


Ambasamudram is a constituency in Tamil Nadu legislative assembly, that includes the city, Ambasamudram. It is a part of the Tenkasi Lok Sabha constituency. In 2011 election, the constituency had 193,552 total electorate comprising 96,157 males and 97,395 females. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India.

Madras State

Tamil Nadu

Election results

2021

2016

2011

2006

2001

1996

1991

1989

1984

1980

1977

1971

1967

1962

1957

1952

References

Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu
Tirunelveli district


Clet is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antoine Clet (1705–1785), French printer, publisher, and writer
Francis Regis Clet (1748–1820), martyr saint of China

See also
Saint-Clet (disambiguation)

French-language surnames


Anaicut is one of the 234 constituencies in the legislative assembly of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It includes the towns of Pallikonda and Odugathur, and the village Anaicut. It is part of the Vellore Lok Sabha constituency for national elections to the Parliament of India.

Members of the Legislative Assembly

Election results

2021

2016

2011

2006

2001

1996

1991

1989

1984

1980

1977

References

Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu
Vellore district


Graham Woodrup was a competitive cyclist from Port Fairy who set many long-distance records including Perth to Sydney and the 24-hour tandem world record. He and his wife, Hester established the Murray to Moyne Cycle Relay in 1987 which is an annual charity ride. His life was cut short when hit by a car during a training ride.

References

Australian male cyclists
1992 deaths
Male touring cyclists
Place of birth missing
1946 births
Ultra-distance cyclists


Lizhen Ji (Chinese: 季理真; born 1964), is a Chinese-American mathematician.  He is a professor of mathematics at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Biography

April 1964, Ji was born in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Ji graduated BS from Hangzhou University (previous and current Zhejiang University) in Hangzhou in 1984. From 1984 to 1985, Ji was a master student at the Department of Mathematics of Hangzhou University. Ji went to United States to continue his study in 1985, and in 1987 Ji obtained MS from the Department of Mathematics of the University of California, San Diego. In 1991, Ji obtained PhD from the Northeastern University (doctoral advisors: R. Mark Goresky and Shing-Tung Yau).

From 1991 to 1994, Ji was C.L.E. Moore instructor at the Department of Mathematics of MIT. From 1994 to 1995, Ji was a member of the Institute for Advanced Study School of Mathematics in Princeton, New Jersey. From 1995 to 1999, Ji was an assistant professor at the Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan (UM). From 1999 to 2005, Ji was an associate professor at the same department. In 2005, Ji was promoted to full professor at UM.

Awards
From 1998 to 2001, Ji was an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellow. Ji received the Silver Morningside Medal of Mathematics in 2007. Ji was a Simons Fellow in 2014.

Publications

Besides academic papers, Ji has also published or co-written many influential books in mathematics, including:
 Compactifications of Symmetric and Locally Symmetric Spaces; by Armand Borel, and Lizhen Ji.
 Arithmetic Groups and Their Generalizations: What, Why, and How; by Lizhen Ji.
 Geometry, Analysis and Topology of Discrete Groups; co-edited by Lizhen Ji, Kefeng Liu, Yang Lo, and Shing-Tung Yau.
 Compactifications of Symmetric Spaces (Progress in Mathematics, Vol 156); by Y. Guivarc'H, Lizhen Ji, and J. C. Taylor.
 Geometry Analysis and Topology of Discrete Groups; by Lizhen Ji, Kefeng Liu, and Yang Lo.
 Handbook of Geometric Analysis; by Lizhen Ji.
 Mathematics and Mathematical People; Chief-editor Lizhen Ji.
 Advanced Lectures in Mathematics; Chief-editor Lizhen Ji.

Editorial Work

 An editor of the Asian Journal of Mathematics
 An editor of Science in China, Series A: Mathematics
 A founding editor and chief editor of Pure and Applied Mathematics Quarterly
 One of the chief-editors of a book series on Popular Mathematics Mathematics and Humanities

References

External links
 The homepage of Lizhen Ji
 The Mathematics Genealogy Project - Lizhen Ji
 Lizhen Ji's homepage at Zhejiang University
 ScienceNet: 季理真：追求真爱的数学人 (Lizhen Ji: Who Loves Math)

1964 births
Living people
20th-century American mathematicians
21st-century American mathematicians
Chinese emigrants to the United States
Hangzhou University alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science faculty
Northeastern University alumni
Educators from Wenzhou
Sloan Research Fellows
University of California, San Diego alumni
University of Michigan faculty
Zhejiang University alumni
Mathematicians from Zhejiang
Scientists from Wenzhou


"The Love Song" is the fourth single by k-os from the album Joyful Rebellion. The string arrangements were done by Laura May Elston. The song gained some popularity in New Zealand, Greece and Portugal after being featured on a Vodafone television advertisement.

Music video
k-os walks across a desert and freestyle battles against an opponent. k-os walks to a monastery with breakdancing being studied and into a room with youngsters sitting on the floor watching a film educating them about the roots and beginnings of Hip Hop culture. The video ends with k-os walking off into the sunset with To Be Continued.

Desert scenes were filmed at Sandbanks Provincial Park on Lake Ontario.

Peak chart positions

References

External links

2005 singles
K-os songs
2005 songs
Virgin Records singles
Astralwerks singles


Anthiyur is a legislative assembly, that includes the town, Anthiyur and other neighbouring local bodies. Its State Assembly Constituency number is 105. It is a part of the Tiruppur Lok Sabha constituency. The constituency is in existence since 1962 election. Anthiyur was a part of Gobichettipalayam Lok Sabha constituency until 2009 election. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu.

Demographics
Kongu Vellalar Gounder, vanniyar, Aruththathiyar, Senguntha Mudaliar, Devanga Chettiyar, Muslims and Adi Dravida communities are populated in this constituency.

Madras State

Tamil Nadu

Note: From 1967 to 1971, Andhiyur was not listed as a (SC) constituency.

Election results

2021

2016

2011

2006

2001

1996

1991

1989

1984

1980

1977

1971

1967

1962

References

Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu
Erode district


Andimadam was one of the 234 constituencies in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu a southern state of India. It was in Chidambaram (Lok Sabha constituency) and also in Ariyalur district.

Members of the Legislative Assembly

In the 2011 election, Andimadam Constituency merged with Jayankondam and Kunnam constituencies.

Election results

2006

2001

1996

1991

1989

1984

1980

1977

1971

1967

References

External links

Former assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu


Anna Nagar is a state assembly constituency in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Its State Assembly Constituency number is 21. It includes the locality, Anna Nagar, which is in Chennai. It is part of the Chennai Central parliamentary constituency. Anna Nagar was one of 17 assembly constituencies to have VVPAT facility with EVMs in 2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu.

Overview
As per orders of the Delimitation Commission, No. 21 Anna Nagar Assembly constituency is composed of Ward 100-103 & 105-107of Greater Chennai Corporation.

Members of the Legislative Assembly

Election results

2021

2016

2011

2006

2001

1996

1991

1989

1984

1980

1977

See also
C. N. Annadurai

References

Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu
Memorials to C. N. Annadurai
Chennai district


Arakkonam (also known as Arkonam) is a state assembly constituency in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Its State Assembly Constituency number is 38. It includes the city of Arakkonam in Ranipettai district and is reserved for candidates from the Scheduled Castes. It is part of the Arakkonam constituency for national elections to the Parliament of India. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu in India.

Madras State

Tamil Nadu

Election results

2021

2016

2011

2006

2001

1996

1991

1989

1984

1980

1977

1971

1967

1962

1957

1952

References

Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu
Vellore district


Arantangi is a constituency in the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly, that includes the city, Aranthangi in Pudukkottai district. It is a part of the Ramanathapuram Lok Sabha constituency. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India.

Madras State

Tamil Nadu

 S. Thirunavukkarasu, gave his seat up to his mentor Anbarasan, who defeated Raja Paramasivam of All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. S. Thirunavukkarasu resigned to be an MP for Pudukkottai Lok Sabha constituency
Anbarasan died in July 2000 leaving the seat vacant, next election was held in the next general election.

Election results

2021

2016

2011

2006

2001

1996

1991

1989

1984

1980

1977

1971

1967

1962

1957

1952

Footnotes

References

Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu
Pudukkottai district


Aravakurichi is an assembly constituency in the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly, that includes the town, Aravakurichi and other neighbouring parts of Karur district. Its State Assembly Constituency number is 134. It is a part of the Karur Lok Sabha constituency. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu.

Madras State

Tamil Nadu

Election results

2021

2019 By-election

2016

2011

2006

2001

1996

1991

1989

1984

1980

1977

1971

1967

1962

1957

1952

References

Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu
Karur district


Arcot is a constituency in the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly, that includes the city, Arcot. Its State Assembly Constituency number is 42. It is part of the Arakkonam Lok Sabha constituency.
Most successful party: DMK (7 times). It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India.

Madras State

Tamil Nadu

Election results

2021

2016

2011

2006

2001

1996

1991

1989

1984

1980

1977

1971

1967

1962

1957

1952

References

Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu
Vellore district


Lysak may refer to:
 Lysak (surname)
 Łysak, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland

See also


Lysolaje may refer to the following places:

Łysołaje, a village in Lublin Voivodeship, Poland
Łysołaje-Kolonia, a village in Lublin Voivodeship, Poland
Lysolaje (Prague), a cadastral district of Prague, Czech Republic


Julie Duncan (January 17, 1919 – June 20, 1986) was an American film actress who appeared in short subjects and Westerns. A native of Cornish, New Hampshire, she was a champion steeplechase rider.

Selected filmography

Texas Terrors (1940)
Wyoming Wildcat (1941)
 Desperate Cargo (1941)
 Fugitive Valley (1941)
 Overland Stagecoach (1942)
Texas Trouble Shooters (1942)
 Bullets and Saddles (1943)
Haunted Ranch (1943)
Cowboy in the Clouds (1943)
 Youth Aflame (1944)

Short subjects
 Three Smart Saps (1942)
 Sappy Pappy (1942)
 They Stooge to Conga (1943)

References

External links

1919 births
1986 deaths
People from Cornish, New Hampshire
American film actresses
Western (genre) film actresses
20th-century American actresses


Madely may refer to:
 Madeły, village in Poland

People with the name
 Madely Beaugendre (born 1965), French athlete
 Steve Madely, Canadian radio host

See also
 Madeley (disambiguation)


Madre means mother in many Romance languages, and it may also refer to:

Madré, a commune in the Mayenne department of northwestern France
Mądre, a village in the Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland
Isola Madre, an Italian island
Tillandsia 'Madre'
Jean de Madre (1862–1934), English polo player
Madre (film), a 2016 Colombian short film
Madre, a 2016 Chilean horror film written and directed by Aaron Burns
Mother (2017 Spanish film), a 2017 Spanish short film
Madre (EP), a 2021 EP by Arca
Madres, a 2021 American horror film
Madres (album), a 2023 album by Sofia Kourtesis

See also
Sierra Madre (disambiguation)


Orthopathy (from the Greek ὀρθός orthos 'right' and πάθος pathos 'suffering') or natural hygiene (NH) is a set of alternative medical beliefs and practices originating from the Nature Cure movement. Proponents claim that fasting, dieting, and other lifestyle measures are all that is necessary to prevent and treat disease.

Natural hygiene is an offshoot of naturopathy that advocates a philosophy of 'natural living' that was developed in the early nineteenth century. Natural hygienists oppose drugs, fluoridation, immunization, most medical treatments and endorse fasting, food combining and raw food or vegetarian diets.

History and practice

19th century

The orthopathy movement originated with Isaac Jennings in the 1820s, who practiced conventional medicine for many years but became discouraged with its results. Jennings' system was firmly opposed to all medicine and was known as the 'no-medicine plan'. He prescribed bathing, rest and a vegetarian diet as part of his system.

In 1837, Colonel John Benson, Sylvester Graham and William Alcott founded the American Physiological Society (APS) in Boston to promote Grahamism, which lasted just three years. The APS was the first natural hygiene organization in the United States. Mary Gove Nichols lectured for the Ladies Physiological Society, an off-shoot of the APS. In the 1840s, Joel Shew was influenced by the dieting ideas of Sylvester Graham and promoted natural hygiene practices such as bathing, exercise and massage as well as the elimination of alcohol and tobacco.

Isaac Jennings in his 1867 book The Tree of Life, defined orthopathy as 'from orthos, right, true, erect; and pathos, affection. Nature is always upright—moving in the right direction'. George H. Taylor who introduced Swedish massage to the United States in the 1860s was known to promote natural hygiene and physical culture. Taylor believed that correct breathing and diet, gymnastics and mechanical massage could replace medical intervention and restore health.

Natural hygiene was often associated with vegetarianism during the nineteenth century. However, not all natural hygienists are vegetarians. Russell T. Trall was a notable early proponent of natural hygiene and vegetarianism. Trall established his own version called 'hygeiotherapy', a mixture of hydrotherapy with diet and exercise treatment regimes.

In 1887, Susanna Way Dodds and her sister Mary established the Hygienic College of Physicians and Surgeons in St. Louis, Missouri. They focused on 'natural methods of treatment: diet, exercise, massage, electricity and hydrotherapy in all of its manifold applications'.

During the 1880s, Thomas Allinson developed his theory of medicine, which he called 'Hygienic Medicine'.

20th century

Natural hygienist George S. Weger managed Weger Health School in Redlands, California (1923–1935).

Herbert M. Shelton who has been described as 'the twentieth century's premier natural hygienist', was influenced by Sylvester Graham and Russell T. Trall. Shelton wrote much on the topic, beginning with The Hygienic System: Orthopathy in 1939, which renamed orthopathy as 'Natural Hygiene'.

Consumption of 'incompatible' foods in one meal is said to lead to ill health, and consumption of 'compatible' foods is said to maintain it: Shelton defined food combining and seven groups of food, sorted by function as: supplying energy (carbohydrates, fats, and proteins) needed to build the body (proteins, salts, and water) and regulating bodily processes (minerals, vitamins, and water).

White supremacist Ben Klassen was influenced by Shelton and natural hygienic principles and promoted his own 'racial health' regimen known as Salubrious Living. However, Klassen emphasised there were differences between his doctrine and the natural hygiene movement as the latter did not focus on perpetuating the white race like his regimen did. Klassen co-authored the book Salubrious Living with Arnold DeVries in 1982.

Interest in natural hygiene was renewed in the 1980s following publication of Fit for Life and Living Health by Harvey and Marilyn Diamond.

Organizations

In 1948, the American Natural Hygiene Society (ANHS) was founded by Herbert Shelton, William Esser, Gerald Benesh, Christopher Gian-Cursio, Jesse Mercer Gehman, Irving Davidson, Jack Dunn Trop and Symon Gould. In 1998, the ANHS became the National Health Association.

In 1956, Keki Sidhwa established the British Natural Hygiene Society (BNHS). The International Association of Hygienic Physicians was founded in 1978.

Criticism

Medical experts consider natural hygiene practices such as anti-vaccination, fasting and food combining to be quackery. There is no scientific evidence that prolonged fasting provides any significant health benefits. A prolonged fast may cause 'anemia, impairment of liver function, kidney stones, postural hypotension, mineral imbalances, and other undesirable side effects'.

Claims from natural hygienists about fasting curing cancer are not supported by scientific evidence. According to the American Cancer Society, 'available scientific evidence does not support claims that fasting is effective for preventing or treating cancer in humans'.

Founders

See also
 List of orthopaths

References

Alternative detoxification
Alternative medical systems
Fad diets
Fasting
History of vegetarianism
Holism
Lifestyles


Gun-Galuut Nature Reserve,  south-east of Ulaanbaatar, has a great diversity of ecosystems even though it has a comparatively small area. The complex of high mountains, steppes, rivers, lakes and wetlands are kept in their original condition. Visitors to Gun-Galuut see vast steppes seeming to meet the sky, the imposing mountains of Baits and Berkh, the homeland of rare creatures, Ikh-Gun and Ayaga lakes, a paradise of birds, Kherlen, the longest river of Mongolia and the Tsengiin Burd wetland, where water and wetland birds lay their eggs.

Fauna
Although limited research has been carried out on the reserve's fauna, 63 mammal species, 81 bird species, three amphibian species and 38 fish species have been recorded, including a number of nationally and globally threatened species. Among the more common mammal species are the gray wolf, Tarbagan marmot, souslik (ground squirrel), pika, vole, fox, corsac and jerboa. Globally threatened species include the argali (mountain sheep), Siberian crane, white-naped crane, hooded crane, black vulture and swan goose. Among the nationally threatened species found in the park are the whooper swan, black stork, great white egret, Bar-headed goose, bearded vulture and Eurasian penduline tit.

References

External links

Nature reserves in Mongolia


Lewis Baldwin Parsons Jr. (April 5, 1818 – March 16, 1907) was one of the last officers who was promoted to brigadier general of volunteers in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

Early life and career
Lewis B. Parsons, Jr. was born at Perry, New York, on April 5, 1818. Parsons College was named after his father Lewis B. Parsons Sr.  His grandfather, Charles Parsons, had been an officer in the American Revolutionary War. In early life, Lewis B. Parsons, Jr. graduated from Yale College in 1840, was a teacher, and graduated from Harvard Law School in 1844. He practiced law in Alton, Illinois. In 1854, he moved to St. Louis, Missouri, where he became president of the Ohio and Mississippi Railway.

Civil war
Parsons began his service as a captain and assistant quartermaster on October 31, 1861. He was an aide-de-camp to then Missouri Militia Brigadier General Francis Preston Blair, Jr. in 1861. He was in charge of rail and river transport in the Department of the Missouri from December 1861 to March 11, 1862. He was appointed colonel in the Regular Army and aide-de-camp to Major General Henry Halleck February 19, 1862. He was in charge of rail and river transport in the Department of Mississippi, March 11, 1862, to September 11, 1862. Parsons was appointed aide-de-camp to Major General Samuel Ryan Curtis September 19, 1862, and in charge of rail and river transport in the Army of the Tennessee from September 1862 to December 1863. Parsons then was appointed aide-de-camp to Major General John M. Schofield July 10. 1863. He was in charge of rail and river transport in the Military Division of the Mississippi from December 1863 to August 2, 1864. Parsons was appointed Colonel, Quartermaster, August 2, 1864, to May 12, 1865. Parsons was in charge of river and rail transport in the Department of the Ohio from January 12, 1865, to April 30, 1866.

On May 11, 1865, President of the United States Andrew Johnson appointed Parsons brigadier general of volunteers, to rank from May 11, 1865, but Johnson did not submit a nomination for confirmation of the appointment to the United States Senate until January 13, 1866. The U.S. Senate confirmed the appointment on February 23, 1866. Parsons was mustered out of the volunteers on April 30, 1866.

Death and interment
After the war, Parsons lived in Flora, Illinois, where he was a banker. Lewis B. Parsons, Jr. died on March 16, 1907, at Flora, Illinois. He was buried at Bellefontaine Cemetery, St. Louis, Missouri.

Legacy
Parsons work as an officer in the Army quartermaster corps

See also

List of American Civil War generals (Union)

References

External links
 New York Civil War Internet page
 History of Parson's College
 Short Biography

1818 births
1907 deaths
Harvard Law School alumni
People of Missouri in the American Civil War
Union Army generals
People from Perry, New York
People from Alton, Illinois
People from Flora, Illinois
Military personnel from Illinois


Wutthipan Pantalee (, born April 30, 1985) is a professional footballer from Thailand. He currently plays for Trat in the Thai League 2.

External links
Profile at Thaipremierleague.co.th

1985 births
Living people
Wutthipan Pantalee
Wutthipan Pantalee
Men's association football midfielders
Wutthipan Pantalee
Wutthipan Pantalee
Wutthipan Pantalee
Wutthipan Pantalee
Wutthipan Pantalee


Mike Scroggins (born March 12, 1964) is a left-handed professional ten-pin bowler and member of the Professional Bowlers Association (PBA), having joined in 1989. He resides in Amarillo, TX. He has won eight PBA Tour titles in his career, including two majors. He won the USBC Masters in 2005 and the Lumber Liquidators 66th U.S. Open in 2009. He has 39 career PBA 300 games, and stands at over $1.45 million in career PBA earnings following the 2017 PBA50 season. He also has three PBA50 Tour titles. Scroggins was elected to the PBA Hall of Fame in 2016, and was officially inducted with the 2017 class.

Career
After bowling collegiately at West Texas State University, Scroggins joined the PBA tour in 1989. His first title was the 1992 Sacramento Open, in his television debut. He then went 12 years without a title until he won the Baby Ruth Real Deal Classic in the 2003–04 season. In the 2005–06 season he won his first career major, the 2005 USBC Masters. He cashed a career-high $205,270 in 2005–06 and set a PBA record this season by rolling 79 straight games of 200 or higher over a two-tournament span, breaking the previous record of 61 games set by Walter Ray Williams Jr.

In the 2007–08 season, he won multiple titles in one season for the first time in his career: in Fountain Valley, CA and Omaha, NE.

In 2009, he won the 66th Lumber Liquidators U.S. Open, the second major of his career. As the #2 seed, he defeated Chris Barnes 200–199 in the semifinal. Barnes, who was aiming to win Player of the Year with the U.S. Open title, needed a strike and six pins to win the match. However, he suffered from possibly the worst break in bowling, leaving a solid 8 pin on his first shot of the 10th frame. Then, needing a strike to tie, he left the flat 10 pin on nearly the exact same shot line, which gave Scroggins the win. Scroggins moved on to play defending champion and top seed Norm Duke in the final. Duke, like Barnes, also had a chance to win Player of the Year with a U.S. Open title. But Scroggins defeated Duke 191–173 to win his second career major. In winning the title he earned $100,000 in prize money and a three-year tour exemption.

He had a chance to repeat as U.S. Open champion when he qualified as the #1 seed for the February 28, 2010 TV finals. However, he lost in the final match to Bill O'Neill, 267–207.  Scroggins would rebound the very next week, winning his 8th PBA title at the Etonic Don Johnson Eliminator Championship. This was his second title of the 2009–10 season, following his earlier win at the Pepsi Red, White & Blue Open. He finished the 2009–10 season tied with Walter Ray Williams, Jr. and Bill O'Neill in PBA Player of the Year points, but the honor went to Williams in an overall competition points tie-breaker.

Scroggins has 40 PBA Regional titles, four PBA50 Regional titles, and is a four-time PBA Southwest Region Player of the Year. He also currently holds the second-highest league average ever recorded in USBC history—256.8 in a 1999-2000 Amarillo, TX trio league.  It was the highest league average until Jeff Carter established a new record the following season with a 261.7 average. Scroggins also holds the USBC record for most sanctioned 800 series in a season (15).

PBA Tour titles

National PBA Tour
Major titles in bold type.

 1992 ARC Sacramento Open (Pinole, CA)
 2003–04 Baby Ruth Real Deal Classic (Belleville, IL)
 2005–06 USBC Masters (Wauwatosa, WI)
 2007–08 Motel 6 Dick Weber Open (Fountain Valley, CA)
 2007–08 Pepsi Championship (Elkhorn, NE)
 2008–09 Lumber Liquidators U.S. Open (North Brunswick, NJ)
 2009–10 Pepsi Red, White and Blue Open (Wichita, KS)
 2009–10 Etonic Don Johnson Eliminator Championship (Columbus, OH)

PBA50 Tour
 2015 UnitedHealthcare Sun Bowl (The Villages, FL)
 2015 Johnny Petraglia BVL Open (Farmingdale, NY)
 2015 DeHayes Insurance Group Championship (Fort Wayne, IN)

Personal

Scroggins lives in Amarillo, TX with his wife Melanie. The couple has three children. He has a twin brother, Mark, who was the 1993 PBA Rookie of the Year and was exempt for the 2007-08 PBA season.

References

Living people
American ten-pin bowling players
1964 births


Charcot Land is a peninsula of Eastern Greenland, part of the Scoresby Sound system. It lies in the Northeast Greenland National Park zone.

The area is remote and uninhabited. It was named after French Polar explorer Jean-Baptiste Charcot (1867–1936) during aerial surveys by Lauge Koch as part of the Three-year Expedition to East Greenland.

Geography
Charcot Land is a mountainous region. It is bound to the south by the Daugaard-Jensen Glacier, beyond which lies Hinksland. To the north lies the F. Graae Glacier and to the east the head of the Nordvestfjord, its easternmost point being a headland named Kap Ursus Major.

To the west are a number of nunataks and the Greenland ice sheet.

Bibliography
A. K. Higgins, Jane A. Gilotti, M. Paul Smith (eds.), The Greenland Caledonides: Evolution of the Northeast Margin of Laurentia.

References

External links
Palaeoproterozoic age of a basement gneiss complex in the Charcot Land tectonic window, East Greenland Caledonides

Geography of Greenland
Geography of the Arctic


The Fiat Phylla concept car was unveiled in 2008 by the Italian car manufacture Fiat. Originally expected to form the basis of a production car in 2010, it remains a concept city car. The Phylla name means "leaves" in ancient Greek.

Specification
The recyclable Phylla is powered by a 1kW hydrogen fuel cell and comes equipped with 340W of photovoltaic solar cells and weighs ,  of which is batteries.  The split-frame vehicle is made of a mix of aluminum and bioplastics. The compact four-seater car is  long equipped with 15-inch wheels wrapped in green tyres. It accelerates to  mph in less than 6.0 seconds and can reach a top speed of  with a peak output of .

Project team
The Phylla was developed by Centro Ricerche Fiat (which as vehicle project leader was responsible for the technical and architectural decisions involved in developing the demonstrator vehicle) in combination with the Piedmont regional administration (which sponsored and funded and the project), the Environment Park (which helped define and select innovative technologies for the environment) and the Politecnico di Torino (responsible for the overall management of the project and coordination of the partners).

References

Hydrogen cars
Solar-powered vehicles
Phylla


Farr Alpaca F.C. was an early twentieth-century American soccer team sponsored by the Farr Alpaca textile mill of Holyoke, Massachusetts.  The team competed in amateur leagues in western Massachusetts, but experienced some success in national competitions.

Farr Alpaca F.C. played in the Western Massachusetts League beginning in 1909. They made it to the second round of the 1913 American Cup where they lost to Bridgeport F.C.  Regarding the 1914 American Cup, a  May 9, 1914 Bethlehem Globe article stated, “Bethlehems was ordered to play the strong Farr Alpaca F. C. of Holyoke, Mass., three times champions of Mass.”  Despite the plaudits, Bethlehem Steel easily dispatched Farr Alpaca in the second round of the cup.  They also lost in the first round of the 1914 National Challenge Cup to New Bedford F.C.  In 1915, it lost in the third round of the 1915 American Cup, losing again to Bethlehem Steel.  The team continued to compete until at least 1920 when it was paired with United Shoe in the first round of the 1921 National Challenge Cup.

Honors
Massachusetts State Cup
Runner Up (1): 1915

References

Defunct soccer clubs in Massachusetts
Sports in Holyoke, Massachusetts
Sports clubs and teams in Hampden County, Massachusetts


Church Street School in Nutley, Essex County, New Jersey, United States, also known an Nutley Museum, was built in 1875.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.  It contains items from local history as well as Annie Oakley artifacts.

See also
 National Register of Historic Places listings in Essex County, New Jersey

References

External links
Nutley Historical Society

Italianate architecture in New Jersey
School buildings completed in 1875
History museums in New Jersey
Museums in Essex County, New Jersey
School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in New Jersey
Nutley, New Jersey
National Register of Historic Places in Essex County, New Jersey
New Jersey Register of Historic Places


Pararchidendron pruinosum is an Australian rainforest tree growing from the Shoalhaven River (34° S) in New South Wales to Herberton (17° S) in north Queensland.  It is also native to New Guinea and to Java, Sulawesi, and the Lesser Sunda Islands in Indonesia. Common names include Snow-wood, Tulip Siris and Monkey's Earrings. It is the sole species in genus Pararchidendron.

The habitat of the Snow-wood is tropical, sub-tropical, warm temperate, littoral and riverine rainforest. Like most legume species, it fixes atmospheric nitrogen in the soil via its symbiotic partnership with root bacteria - trading the bacteria starches in exchange for nitrogen. It can be seen growing on sand within earshot of Seven Mile Beach, New South Wales.

Description
Snow-wood is a small to medium-sized tree, reaching 15 metres in height and a 35 cm in trunk diameter. The reddish trunk and lacy pinnate leaves give a pleasing appearance.

The trunk of Pararchidendron pruinosum is cylindrical, and not buttressed at the base. The bark is dark reddish brown patterned with corky pustules.

Leaves

The leaves are alternate and bipinnate. The main leaf stalk has one to three pairs of secondary leaf stalks, opposite or nearly so on the main stalk. Five to eleven leaflets alternatively arranged on the secondary leaf stalks. Leaves entire, lanceolate, four to five cm long, 13 to 20 mm broad. The tip tapers to a point, the leaf base is oblique. Smooth and green both surfaces, slightly paler below. Leaf venation is obvious, with a raised midrib evident on both upper and lower sides.

Flowers and fruit

Flowers fluffy white or greenish, fragrant, though later turning yellow. Flowering period is from October to January.

The fruit pod matures from February to June. Resembling Acacia fruit pods. Very twisted,  and flattened. Seeds are black, shiny and mostly flat, oval in shape. Scarification of the seeds is advised to assist germination, which is slow but fairly reliable.

Varieties
Four varieties are accepted:
Pararchidendron pruinosum var. junghuhnianum
Pararchidendron pruinosum var. novoguineense
Pararchidendron pruinosum var. pruinosum
Pararchidendron pruinosum var. sumbawaense

References

 Floyd, A.G., Rainforest Trees of Mainland South-eastern Australia, Inkata Press 1989,

Mimosoids
Fabales of Australia
Flora of New South Wales
Flora of Queensland
Trees of Australia
Flora of New Guinea
Flora of Java
Flora of the Lesser Sunda Islands
Flora of Sulawesi
Plants described in 1844
Monotypic Fabaceae genera


Malki may refer to:

People

Given name

Surname
 Adnan al-Malki (1918–1955), Syrian Army officer
 David Malki, writer of Wondermark webcomic
 El Mehdi Malki (born 1988), Moroccan judoka at the 2012 Olympics
 Ezra Malki (1918–1955), Greek rabbi
 George Malki (born 1992), American soccer player, has mostly played for US clubs
 Sanharib Malki (born 1984), Assyrian footballer, has mostly played for Belgian clubs

Places
 Malki Bulgareni, Dryanovo Municipality, Gabrovo Province, Bulgaria
 Małki, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland
 Małki, Masovian Voivodeship, Poland
 Malki, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
 Morongo Indian Reservation, originally named Malki
 Malki Museum, on the reservation

Other
 Malki Foundation, an Israeli charity supporting families with disabled children

Arabic-language surnames


Sylvester Morand is a British actor, best known for his role as Nikolai Rostov in the BBC's 1972 dramatisation of War and Peace. He lives in West Hampstead, London, his brother, Timothy Morand lives nearby and is also an actor.  He is also a stage actor.

Filmography

Television
War and Peace (1972–73)
 I Remember Nelson (1982)
Bergerac S6E7 Retirement Plan (Christmas Special) (1988)

References

External links

People from West Hampstead
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
British male film actors
British male television actors


Morpho cisseis, the Cisseis morpho, is a large Neotropical butterfly found in the southern and western Amazon in Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, and Brazil. It includes several subspecies, but has itself sometimes been treated as a subspecies of the sunset morpho. Both are highly valued by collectors.

Description
Morpho cisseis is a large butterfly with a wingspan of 147 mm and 180 mm. The upperside is blue-green gray, the outer edge is largely bordered by black and broad black band extending over two-thirds of the forewing's costal edge. The reverse is copper decorated with a line of white chevrons and black, yellow and white eyespots, three on the forewings and a very large and three more small eyespots on the hindwings.

Account in Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde

Etymology
Cissei was the daughter of Cisseus, king of Thrace.

References

Le Moult, E. & Réal, P., 1962–1963. Les Morpho d'Amérique du Sud et Centrale, Editions du cabinet entomologique E. Le Moult, Paris.
Paul Smart, 1976 The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World in Color. London, Salamander:Encyclopedie des papillons. Lausanne, Elsevier Sequoia (French language edition)  page 230 fig.2(Brazil) page 231 ssp. phanodemus Hew., underside (Peru).

External links
 Taxonomy (subspecies)
"Species Morpho cisseis". Butterflies of America. Images of type and other specimens.
"Morpho cisseis C. & R. Felder, 1860". Insecta.pro.

Morpho
Nymphalidae of South America
Fauna of Brazil
Butterflies described in 1860
Taxa named by Baron Cajetan von Felder
Taxa named by Rudolf Felder


Paul Randall (born 16 February 1958) is an English footballer who played in the English Football League for Bristol Rovers and Stoke City.

Career

Early career
Randall was born in Sefton, Liverpool. His mother, June was born in Dar es Salaam in the African country of Tanzania after her father had moved there to work as a merchant. After she moved back to England and joined the British Army and whilst stationed in Aldershot she met his father, Ken who was a semi-professional footballer for the local team having previously been on the books at Everton. They moved back to Liverpool where they started a family before moving to the Somerset town of Glastonbury. At school Randall began playing football with village side Charlton Mackrell and also represented Mid-Somerset and would attend matches at local side Glastonbury Town. One day when he was watching a reserve match he was invited to play for them by the manager and at the age of 13 he played for Glastonbury Town Reserves against Ilminster Town.

Randall was then offered a trial by Bristol City after he was spotted by Bristol City player Peter Spiring's dad who told their scout Jock Rae about Randall. He played a few trial matches for the Robins but an offer did not materialise and he carried on playing for Glastonbury. He also played for the Somerset school county team whose manager was former Bristol Rovers winger George Petherbridge. He got Randall a trial at Rovers and after impressing in the trial match he was invited back to play in the youth team and 'A'-team matches but after a year he was released. After leaving school he went to work with his dad as a groundsman at Millfield and was still playing for Glastonbury Town now under the management of former Cardiff City player Peter Thomas. Randall scored 24 goals in his first season under Thomas and he soon got him a trial with Cardiff City. Randall had now left Millfield with his father and began working with his sister as a shelf-stacker at Andersons Supermarket. At Cardiff he played in a reserve match against Leicester City and although they won the match 1–0 they did not offer him a contract.

Randall was now attracting attention of higher placed non-league clubs as he began to become one of the best players in the Western League. His manager spoke to one of his friends the Manchester City scout Ken Barnes who invited to Maine Road for a trial. He played and scored in a trial match against Stockport County. This rekindled the interest of Bristol Rovers whose manager Don Megson invited Randall to play some reserve games for the club. He then left Glastonbury Town to join Frome Town and his second match for Frome was a friendly against Bristol Rovers. He scored and impressed the watching Rovers management who informed him the next day that they wanted to sign him. Rovers paid £1,000 to both Glastonbury and Frome and Randall left his job at the supermarket to become a professional footballer.

Bristol Rovers
Upon arriving at Eastville, Randall met with his former youth team coach Bobby Campbell and former teammates, Tony Pulis, Martin Thomas, Peter Aitken and Phil Bater. Randall's love of punk music earned him the nickname "Punky" amongst his Rovers teammates. After his first training session he was informed by manager Don Megson that he would be playing in a friendly against Trowbridge Town. Rover won 6–0 with Randall scoring four goals and he earned a place in the starting line up for the season opener against Cardiff City. Randall scored in a closely contested 1–1 draw instantly becoming a fan favourite. He scored again in his home debut against Notts County but Rovers threw away a 2–0 lead to draw 2–2. After pulling his hamstring in the next match against Fulham Randall was rested for the trip to Blackpool which Rovers lost 3–1. He returned to the side which lost 2–1 back to back against Luton Town and Leyton Orient although Randall did scored both of Rovers' goals. He was rested again by Megson as they won their first game of the season against Mansfield Town on 4 October 1978. However, despite naming an unchanged side Rovers lost 3–1 to Burnley which prompted the arrival of Bobby Gould who scored a hat-trick against Blackburn Rovers on his debut. Randall still suffering with injury missed the match against Tottenham Hotspur which infamously ended in a 9–0 defeat. Results failed to improve and after the team crashed to a 5–1 loss at Sunderland Megson decided to leave for Portland Timbers.

Bobby Campbell was appointed manager with Gould as player/coach which was met with approval from Randall and the rest of the Rovers first team. Randall soon returned to the starting line-up and scored twice in a 2–0 win over Southampton in the FA Cup. They drew First Division Ipswich Town in the fifth round and after drawing 2–2 they lost the replay 3–0 at Portman Road. This left Rovers concentrating on survival in the Second Division and the relegation battle went to the final day of the season with the team needing to go to Hull City and not lose. They won the match 1–0, with Randall scoring his 22nd goal of the 1977–78 season to remain in the second tier. Just before the start of the 1978–79 Bristol Rovers competed in the Anglo-Scottish Cup which was a disaster as after beating Cardiff 1–0 they crashed to a humiliating 6–1 defeat to bitter rivals Bristol City and ended the tournament by losing 2–1 to Fulham. The team regrouped with the intentions of putting things right in the opening league game of the season against Fulham and they made good on their promise winning 3–1. Two away defeats followed and the popular Bobby Gould decided to leave for Hereford and Randall made an effort to fill the void and did so by scoring his first career hat-trick on 7 October 1978 beating Blackburn Rovers 4–1. Randall continued his fine form scoring another hat-trick in a 5–5 draw against Charlton Athletic and also had a good game against Stoke City in a 0–0 draw. He impressed the Stoke manager Alan Durban who decided to make a £180,000 bid for Randall which was accepted by Rovers.

Stoke City
Upon his arrival at the Victoria Ground Randall was informed by manager Alan Durban that his role in the team would be to link the play between midfield and centre forward Brendan O'Callaghan. He made his Potters debut on 30 December 1978 in a 2–0 win over Notts County. Three draws followed before Randall scored his first goal for Stoke in a 3–0 win against Burnley at Turf Moor. He got his second goal against West Ham United and third against Cardiff as Stoke's promotion challenge gathered momentum. Back to back home defeats threatened their chances but they recovered well beating Fulham and Leicester with Randall scoring in both. He then come up against Bristol Rovers and all his family came up from Glastonbury to see Viv Busby score twice in a 2–0 win. A 1–0 win over Wrexham and a 0–0 set Stoke up for the season finale against Notts County. Stoke needed to win as a win for Sunderland would see them promoted instead. Backed by over 14,000 at Meadow Lane Stoke won 1–0 thanks to a late Paul Richardson header. The squad then celebrated promotion to the First Division by flying out to Magaluf.

As the 1979–80 season Randall started, Randall found himself in the reserves as Durban changed his team around. He made his first start of the season away at Ipswich Town and kept his place in a League Cup match against Swansea City with Randall scoring in a 3–1 victory. He remained in and out of the side in 1979–80 and ended the season with 19 appearances and just one goal, scored as the team successfully avoided relegation. As the 1980–81 season came around Randall was still out of favour with Alan Durban who informed Randall that he will be sold back to Bristol Rovers once they have generated enough funds. He then came off the bench on 1 November 1980 to score a late equaliser against Liverpool and also scored against Manchester United on 13 December. Stoke accepted Bristol Rovers's offer of £55,000 and Randall left the Victoria Ground after scoring eight goals in 51 appearances.

Return to Bristol Rovers
Randall made his return to Bristol Rovers in January 1981 with the side struggling under the management of Terry Cooper and were bottom of the table. His first match back came against local rivals Bristol City with ended in a drab 0–0 draw and his first goals back came against Bolton on 14 February. However a run of just four wins in the final 15 matches saw Rovers relegated with just 23 points. With Rovers back in the Third Division in 1981–82 there was high hopes that they would be able to mount an instant return but after a poor start Terry Cooper was replaced with Bobby Gould. Randall scored 12 goals in 41 matches as Rovers ended in a disappointing position of 15th. In the 1982–83 season, Randall rediscovered his goalscoring form with 22 goals in 46 games as Rovers finished in 7th place.

Gould quit in May 1983 to join Coventry and the board appointed David Williams as player-manager. Randall struggled with goals in 1983–84 scoring seven in 40 games as Rovers missed out on promotion by four points. His form returned in 1984–85 as he scored 22 goals in 51 games but Rovers again failed to gain promotion finishing 6th. Bobby Gould returned as manager for the 1985–86 season. Results and performances were poor and with Gould failing to keep an settled line-up Randall found himself in the reserves. He turned down a move to Dutch club NAC Breda in order to fight for his place at Rovers. But he failed to convince Gould to play him so Randall handed in a transfer request which drew an offer from non-league Yeovil Town which was accepted.

Later career
He joined Isthmian League Premier Division side Yeovil Town midway through the 1985–86 season. Yeovil were involved in a promotion race with Sutton United during much of the season, Sutton eventually winning the title. In 1986–87 Yeovil again finished 2nd this time to Wycombe Wanderers who amassed 101 points. Yeovil did gain promotion to the Alliance Premier League in 1987–88 with Randall scoring 25 goals. With Yeovil struggling at a higher level Randall joined Bath City in March 1989 where he went on to continue his prolific scoring record. At Bath Randall was a prolific goalscorer scoring 112 goals for the club in four years.

He left Bath on a free transfer in August 1993 where he joined Weymouth but after finding travel a problem he joined Clevedon Town. But he found himself not playing so moved on again this time to Welton Rovers where he had another short spell. At the age of 40 Randall re-joined his first club Glastonbury Town where he scored 50 goals in two seasons. He then played for Street and Wells City where he carried on playing until he was 47.

Personal life
Randall wrote an autobiography entitled 'Punky' The Paul Randall Story which was published in 2013.

Career statistics
Source:

A.  The "Other" column constitutes appearances and goals in the Anglo-Scottish Cup, Football League Trophy.

References

External links

1958 births
Living people
Footballers from Liverpool
English men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Glastonbury F.C. players
Frome Town F.C. players
Bristol Rovers F.C. players
Stoke City F.C. players
Yeovil Town F.C. players
Bath City F.C. players
Weymouth F.C. players
Clevedon Town F.C. players
Welton Rovers F.C. players
Street F.C. players
Wells City F.C. players
English Football League players
Isthmian League players
National League (English football) players


George Keith (born 26 May 1944) is a Scottish-born former footballer who represented Australia in the late 1960s. Keith is a member of the Football Federation Australia - Football Hall of Fame.

Playing career

Club career
1959 – 1961. Keith was signed by Arsenal F.C. as an apprentice professional footballer, after Arsenal's chief scout saw him playing for Glasgow Schoolboys v London Schoolboys at Wembley Stadium.
At the end of his term with Arsenal he returned to Scotland to take up a professional career with Greenock Morton and Third Lanark in the Scottish Division One.
In 1965 Keith migrated to Australia where he played for Melbourne Hakoah and A.P.I.A. Leichhardt. Keith also represented Victoria and New South Wales.

International career
Keith in 1967 made his debut for the Australian national football team. He played 22 times, including 20 in full internationals, for the Socceroos, playing in the unsuccessful Australian qualification for the 1970 FIFA World Cup.

Honours
In 2008 Keith was inducted into the Football Federation Australia - Football Hall of Fame in the Award of Distinction category. In 2013, Keith was named in Australia's team of the decade for the years 1963–1970.

References

Australian men's soccer players
Ayr United F.C. players
Greenock Morton F.C. players
Guildford City F.C. players
Third Lanark A.C. players
APIA Leichhardt FC players
Scottish men's footballers
1944 births
Living people
Men's association football defenders
Scottish emigrants to Australia


Shawn Mackay (31 May 1982 – 6 April 2009) was an Australian rugby union player with the Canberra based Brumbies in the Super 14 competition. He was the son of former Eastern Suburbs rugby league player John Mackay.

Career
Mackay began playing rugby as a 6-year-old for the Clovelly Sea Eagles, alongside great friend and former Wallabies vice Captain Morgan Turinui. Mackay and Turinui attended St Anthony's in Clovelly and Waverley College together. He was the best man at Turinui's wedding and godfather to his son Felix. These two great mates played together in the Waverley College First XV, along with Mackay's fellow Brumbies teammates Stephen Hoiles and Patrick Phibbs.

Mackay signed with the Sydney Roosters in the NRL in 2000, and won a Premiership with their Jersey Flegg side in 2002. He returned to rugby union in 2004 with the Australian Sevens, and became the Captain of the team in 2005 through until 2008. He was the team captain at the 2006 Commonwealth Games. Mackay signed with the Waratahs in 2006 and won 6 state caps for the NSW side. In 2007 he played with the Melbourne Rebels in the Australian Rugby Championship. Mackay signed with the Brumbies for the 2009 Super 14 season and won 2 caps for the Canberra club. He played with Randwick for 4 seasons, and joined the University of Queensland at the completion of the 2008 Sevens calendar.

Mackay coached the Australian women's Sevens team to the Oceania title in 2008. The team was undefeated and they qualified for the inaugural women's IRB World Cup 7s tournament. The team would go on to win the inaugural event in March 2009. Cheryl Soon, the team's captain, affectionately called Mackay "one of the girls". Mackay had said to the side that if Sevens became an Olympic Sport then he would have returned to coach the side.

Death
Mackay played for the Brumbies in their 35–14 loss to the Sharks in Durban on 28 March 2009. At 4:15 am, 29 March 2009, a mere 3 hours and 45 minutes before the season opening F1 race in his native Australia, Mackay and 15 Brumbies teammates left a Durban nightclub. While crossing the road to board the team bus, Shawn was hit by the driver of an armed response vehicle. He suffered a badly broken leg, along with head and spinal injuries. One of the first people to attend to Mackay was Sharks prop Jannie du Plessis, a practising doctor, who was with the Brumbies group at the time. Du Plessis contacted emergency services and helped Mackay breathe while awaiting their arrival. Mackay was stabilised and taken to St Augustine's hospital in Durban and placed into a medically induced coma. Mackay died from a cardiac arrest caused by a blood infection following surgery on 6 April 2009.

A Minutes Applause was held in Mackay's honour for the Brumbies emotional homecoming against the Stormers on 11 April 2009. The Brumbies won the game 17–10. Shawn's longtime friend Patrick Phibbs scored the match winning try in the 60th minute. "That one was for Macca," said Phibbs.

Mackay's funeral was held on 15 April 2009 at Mary Immaculate Church in Waverley. Seven jerseys were placed on his coffin to recognize his rugby career - the Clovelly Sea Eagles, Waverley College, the Roosters, Randwick, the Melbourne Rebels, the Australian Sevens and the Brumbies. Celebrant Father Lucas profoundly said: "He might not have had a full life, but it sounds to me he was full of life."

The Brumbies dedicated the 2009 Super 14 to Shawn. The number 18 jersey, that he wore in the match against the Sharks, was retired for the remainder of the season.

References

External links
Brumbies profile
Rugbyheaven.com.au - Mackay's family thanks Brumbies, 11 May 2009

1982 births
2009 deaths
Australian rugby union players
ACT Brumbies players
Road incident deaths in South Africa
Infectious disease deaths in South Africa
Pedestrian road incident deaths
Rugby sevens players at the 2006 Commonwealth Games
Australia international rugby sevens players
Commonwealth Games rugby sevens players for Australia
Deaths from sepsis
Rugby union players from Sydney
People educated at Waverley College


Maroz () is a Belarusian surname meaning "frost". Notable people with the surname include:
 Henadz Maroz (born 1978), Belarusian high jumper
 Ivan Maroz (born 1992), Belarusian handball player
 Uladzimir Maroz (born 1985), Belarusian professional footballer

See also

 Moroz, Ukrainian equivalent
 Mráz, Czech and Slovak equivalent
 Mróz, Polish equivalent

Belarusian-language surnames


The doubles event at the 2009 Andalucia Tennis Experience was won by Klaudia Jans and Alicja Rosolska.

Seeds

Draw

Finals

External links
Draw

Doubles


Tevfik Akbasli (born 1962) is a Turkish composer.

Studies
One of the most acknowledged 71 Turkish Composers, Akbasli is the son of businessman Samim Akbasli of Izmir. He spent his childhood and elementary school years in Yesilkoy, Istanbul until his family moved to Izmir. He attended Dokuz Eylül University’s Vocal Studies and Opera Division and studied with names like Sevda Aydan, Suat Taser, Kamran Ince and percussionist Oktay Aykoc while playing drums at various clubs in Istanbul and Izmir.  He graduated from Vocal Studies in 1982 as the first chorister to the newly founded Izmir State Opera and Ballet.  In 1985, he passed the orchestra exam and crossed over as a percussion artist.  However, due to shortage of staff, he served at both the choir and the orchestra for a short period of time.  Between 1986 and 1991, he went to the US and studied percussion instruments as well as theory, harmony, composition and improvisation at the Berklee School of Music in vibraphone virtuoso Gary Burton’s Percussion Department with Professor Ed Saindon and pianist - composer Aydin Esen.

Career
He turned to composition in 1990.  He succeeded at the position placement exam and made Assistant Principal Timpanist at the State Opera Orchestra. He composed an array of pieces from opera to musical for children, from modern dance music to chamber music.  Upon the addition of his first opera, The Sacred Chest to the repertoire of The Ankara State Opera and Ballet, he moved to Ankara and continued his career as an orchestra artist.  The chamber music piece he was commissioned to compose, Autumn in Ankara was performed in Germany in 1994.  He was awarded the Aziz Nesin Grand Prize by the Cagdas Yasami Destekleme Dernegi for the music he composed for the Giordano Bruno play in 1996, when he was also awarded the Special Jury Award by the Eczacıbasi Contest Jury for his symphonic poem, Turkiye.  In 1998, he was again awarded the third place for his symphonic poem Dixi et Salvavi Animam Meam at the Eczacibasi’s composition contest, whereas in 2000, he was the first prize winner of the same contest for his orchestra suite called Rebirth which also came out as a CD and performed in the opening ceremony of the International Music Festival of Ephesus.  Between 2000 and 2001, he attended workshops and master classes in contemporary American and film music in New York where his modern dance music Jamaican Pond Sunsets was performed.  He joined the Istanbul State Opera and Ballet in 2002. His Ballet of 2003, The Conquest was awarded the Special Jury Award at a National Composition Contest by the Ministry of Culture.

In his work, Tevfik Akbasli opted for being comprehensible without lowering artistic and aesthetic levels and epitomized a lively, straightforward expression that embodies the indisputable reign of melody.  Thanks to his three decades of performance history, he has observed that all masterpieces that are known to be classics this day are those that easily captivate the listener without being tiresome no matter how structurally complicated they are and that consist of small but perfect pieces that can be mumbled effortlessly.  He endeavored to follow the same path as those classics both as composer and performer.
MSG is the copyright holder to his work.

His Major Work and Awards:

Orchestra
 1995 – Why? (Concerto for Percussion and Orchestra) performed by Presidential Symphony Orchestra and Izmir State Symphony Orchestra
 1996 - Turkiye (Symphonic Poem) - Eczacıbasi National Composition Contest - Special Jury Award
 1997 - A Tribute to Freddie Mercury - A Symphonic Rock Project with Opera Chorus - Ankara
 1998 - Dixi et Salvavi Animam Meam (Symphonic Poem) Eczacıbasi National Composition Contest - Third Place Award
 2000 - Rebirth (Suit for Orchestra) Eczacıbasi National Composition Contest – First Prize Winner
performed by Bilkent Symphony Orchestra and Istanbul State Opera and Ballet
 2004 – Stay! (Music for Orchestra)
 2008 - Wake up, Resist and Give in to the Light

Opera, Ballet, Modern Dance and the other Stage Works
 1993 - The Sacred Chest (Opera in 2 Acts)  1993 / 1994 Ankara State Opera and Ballet
 1993 - Dear Peace (Musical for Children in 2 Acts) 1993–1997 Izmir State Opera and Ballet / 1998–2000 Ankara State Opera and Ballet
 1995 - Dinosours Were Young Also (Musical in 2 Acts)
 1996 - Giordano Bruno (Music for a Play) - Aziz Nesin Prize - 1996 - Ankara State Theater
 1997 - Mutation (Music for Modern Dance) 1997 - 1998 - Modern Dance Company - Ankara
 1998 - A Little Family Matter (Play in 2 Acts)
 1999 - Amber (Opera in 2 Acts)
 2001 - Jamaica Pond Sunsets (Music for Modern Dance) 2001 - New York
 2003 - Fetih - The Conquest (Music for Ballet) Ministry of Culture National Composition Contest – Special Jury Award
 2010 - Kosem Sultan (Ballet) 2011 - Izmir State Opera and Ballet
 2012 - Suleiman the Magnificent (Opera) 2013 - Izmir State Opera and Ballet

Chamber music
 1994 - Autumn in Ankara (Music for Oboe, Violin, Viola and Cello) 1994 – Zigburg - Germany
 2004 - Between Us (Music for Flute, Viola ve Cello) 2004 - Istanbul

Discography
 2001 - Nejat F. Eczacıbasi National Composition Contest (1996–1998 – 2000) First Prize Winners’ CD
Bilkent Symphony Orchestra Conducted by Erol Erdinc

 2007 - Beyaz Melek – The White Angel - The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
The City of Prague Philharmonic Orchestra and Opera Chorus Conducted by Adam Klemens

 2009 - Gunesi Gordum – I Saw the Sun - The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
Prague Filmharmonic Orchestra and Opera Chorus Conducted by Adam Klemens

 2010 - Gecenin Kanatlari – Wings of the Night - The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
Prague Filmharmonic Orchestra and Opera Chorus Conducted by Adam Klemens

 2011 - New York' ta Bes Minare – Five Minarets in New York - The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
Prague Filmharmonic Orchestra and Opera Chorus Conducted by Adam Klemens

 2011 - Hur Adam – Free Man - The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
Prague Filmharmonic Orchestra and Opera Chorus Conducted by Adam Klemens

 2012 - Sessiz Sinema – Silent Movie] - Funda Arar (Orchestrator)
The City of Prague Philharmonic Orchestra Conducted by Adam Klemens

 2015 - Mucize – The Miracle - The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
Prague Filmharmonic Orchestra and Opera Chorus Conducted by Adam Klemens

 2015 - Sevimli Tehlikeli – Cute and Dangerous - The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
Prague Filmharmonic Orchestra and Opera Chorus Conducted by Adam Klemens

 2015 - Senden Bana Kalan – What's Left of You - The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
Prague Filmharmonic Orchestra and Opera Chorus Conducted by Adam Klemens

 2016 - Kendime Iyi Bakmadim – Didn't Take Care of Myself - Toygar Isikli (Orchestrator)
The City of Prague Philharmonic Orchestra Conducted by Richard Hain

References
 71 Turkish Composers by Evin İlyasoğlu – Pan Publishing / Turkiye, 2007

Turkish composers
Living people
1962 births


Adisorn Saeng-ruang () is a professional footballer from Thailand. He played for Nakhon Pathom in the Thailand Premier League.

External links
Profile at Thaipremierleague.co.th

Living people
Adisorn Saeng-ruang
1986 births
Adisorn Saeng-ruang
Adisorn Saeng-ruang
Men's association football midfielders


is a Japanese anime director, and storyboard artist. He is best known for being one of the main directors on the long-running anime Case Closed, as well as the City Hunter series and Lupin III Part III.

Filmography

Anime

References

 Book references

External links

1949 births
Living people
Anime directors
Japanese storyboard artists


Graffiti Crimes was the debut studio album by New Zealand new wave music group Mi-Sex, released in July 1979. The album peaked at number six on the New Zealand albums chart and number 16 on the Australian Kent Music Report. the album was certified Gold in New Zealand.

The album was re-released in January 1980 following the success of the single "Computer Games", which peaked at number one in Australia in November 1979. "Computer Games" was added to the track listing on track 1, Side Two.

The album was titled Computer Games for the international release.

Kevin Stanton said it is his hand holding the policeman's notebook on the cover of the album and his then girlfriend posing by the wall.

Reception

Luis Feliu of The Canberra Times felt "The songs are all well rounded with a beginning, middle and end, and pulsating rhythms for the colourful lyrics to bounce off. Hardly any time wasted between cuts too, straight into the next song. Naturally, this sort of music has to be played at a gutsy volume level."

Track listing

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

Mi-Sex albums
CBS Records albums
1979 debut albums


Andrzej Fidyk (born in 1953, Warsaw) is a  Polish documentary filmmaker, producer, and professor of the Krzysztof Kieślowski Film School in Katowice. He is best known for work his 1989 documentary Defilada (The Parade), which depicts the mass parades choreographed to celebrate the fortieth anniversary of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) in 1988.

Initially, Fidyk planned to be an economist.  During 1972 and 1977 he studied foreign trade at
the Central School of Planning and Statistics at the Warsaw School of Economics. After graduation, he worked at the Foreign
Trade Bureau for two years, work which he hated

He first started working for television in 1980, since when he has made over 40 documentary films shown primarily on Polish and British television. From 1991 to 1996 he worked for the BBC in the Music and Arts Department.  Between 1996 and 2004 he was Head of Documentaries at Polish Television.

Filmography
1982
 Idzie Grześ przez wieś, production, script,
1983
 Optymistyczny film o niewidomych, director,
1984
 Ich teatr,  director, script,
1985
 Prezydent,  director,
1986
 Noc w pałacu,  director, script,
 Praga,  director, script,
1987
 Królewna Śnieżka, telefon i krowa,  director, script,
1988
 Paryż, miasto kontrastów,  director, script,
1989
 Defilada,  production, script,
1990
 Ostatki, script, production
1993
 Sen Staszka w Teheranie,  director, script,
1994
 Niebo oplutych,  production,
 Pocztówka z Japonii,  production, script,
 The Russian Striptease,  director, production,
1995
 Carnaval. The Biggest Party In The World,  production, production,
 Ostatki,  production, script,
1997
 Ciężar nieważkości,  editing,
 Cross,  art consultation,
 Dziewczyny z Szymanowa,  production,
 East Of Eastenders,  director,
 Historia Jednej Butelki,  art consultation,
 Jeden dzień z życia Tomka Karata,  art consultation,
 Kanar,  production,
 El Porvenir de Una Ilusion,  production,
1998
 Dotknięci,  art consultation,
 Ganek,  production,
 Kiniarze z Kalkuty,  director, script, production,
 Marzenia i śmierć,  art consultation,
1999
 24 dni,  production,
 Oni,  editing,
 Takiego pięknego syna urodziłam,  art consultation,
 Twarzą w twarz z Papieżem,  editing,
 1989-1999 w dziesiątkę,  editing,
2000
 Jan Paweł II w Ziemi Świętej,  editing,
 Ziemia podwójnie obiecana. Jan Paweł II w Ziemi Świętej
 Ślub w Domu Samotności,  editing,
 Taniec trzcin,  production, script,
2001
 Prawdziwe psy (TV documentary/novel),  editing,
 Serce Z Węgla,  editing,
2002
 Bobrek Dance,  editing,
 Mój syn Romek,  editing,
 Przedszkolandia (TV documentary/novel), editing,
2003
 Imieniny,  art consultation,
2008
 Yodok Stories,  director i script,
2009
 Balcerowicz. Gra o wszystko, director, script.

2016

Lech Walesa, A Portrait, director.

References

1953 births
Living people
Polish film directors
Polish film producers
Film people from Warsaw


Velfac A/S is a Danish company who produces windows for the building industry.
The company is part of VKR Holding A/S, which also owns, among other things, Velux and Rationel. Velfac exports to several countries and has sales offices in Great Britain, Ireland, Sweden and Denmark. Velfac A/S is based in Ringkøbing and has over 1,000 employees and an annual turnover of just over £ 1.5 billion (2007)

History
The company was established in 1952 by the V. Kann Rasmussen & Co., and has manufactured windows for homes and building projects since then. Who sent the first window on the market and later registered the names Velux and Velfac. Three years later opened Leif E. Hansen carpentry business in Ølstrup near Ringkøbing that barely ten years later began producing windows called Windows Ribo A/S. This company was in 1978 part of the V. Kann Rasmussen Company Group. Since then the company has expanded several times.

Timeline
 1952: V. Kann Ramus & Co. launches the first facade window.
 1955: Leif E. Hansen starts a carpentry business in Ølstrup.
 1962: Velfac registered as a trademark.
 1963: Ribo windows created.
 1978: Ribo windows become part of the VKR Group.
 1985: Velfac 200 window comes into production.
 1992: Company changes its name to VELFAC A/S.
 1994: Velfac 400 introduced. (Real poor windows, dew provides mold and fungus)
 2000: Factory in Ringkobing expanded by 8,000 sqm. VELFAC house in Nørresundby window opens.
 2003: Window House is now in Nørresundby, Horsens, Herlev, Odense and Ringkøbing.
 2004: Champion Window Velfac introduced.
 2005: Window Velfac house in Aarhus opens.
 2007: Window Velfac house in Hilleroed opens.

Velfac motto
Villum Kann Rasmussen's motto of "one test is worth more than a thousand expert opinions" are still part of the company. The message is always trying something new and thus develop themselves and the company.

V. Kann Rasmussen Foundation
A foundation set up by founder Villum Kann Rasmussen in 1991 to provide support for environmental projects. The foundation annually awards funding for projects dealing with climate change, unsustainable consumption, and loss of biodiversity. Fund applications are submitted through a Letter of Enquiry.

Related links
 http://www.velfac.com
 :da:VELFAC

Manufacturing companies of Denmark
Companies based in Horsens Municipality
Danish companies established in 1952
Velfac 400 Velfac 400 poor windows, dew causes fungus problems


Newcastle Castle may refer to one of two medieval castles in Great Britain:

 The Castle, Newcastle, in Newcastle upon Tyne, England.
 Newcastle Castle, Bridgend, a ruinous Norman castle in Bridgend, Wales.


Jan Fischer may refer to:

 Jan Fischer (politician) (born 1951), former Prime Minister of the Czech Republic
 Jan Fischer (Czech actor) (1921–2011), Czech Jewish actor and theatre director
 Jan Fischer (rower), German rower
 Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach (or Jan Fischer z Erlachu, 1656–1723), Austrian architect


John Eliot (2 June 1742 – 2 May 1769) was a Royal Navy captain.  He was appointed Governor of West Florida in 1767 and committed suicide in 1769, shortly after his arrival in Pensacola.

Life
John Eliot was born 2 June 1742 in Port Eliot, Cornwall, England to Richard and Harriet Craggs Eliot.  His father was an important local politician, and his grandfather had served in the Royal Navy.  His father died in 1748, and his mother afterward married John Hamilton, a navy captain.

Naval career
Eliot joined the Royal Navy in 1752 as a midshipman aboard .  In 1753 command of Penzance was given to Eliot's brother in law, Hugh Bonfoy, and Eliot again served as a midshipman on his cruise to Newfoundland.  He first saw action with the Channel fleet in 1756, during the Seven Years' War as a midshipman aboard  under John Byron.  In 1757 he transferred to HMS Marlborough (flagship of Admiral Thomas Cotes), which cruised to Jamaica but saw no action due to her poor sailing characteristics.  Seeking action, Eliot transferred to  as third lieutenant.  Her first lieutenant was George Johnstone, who would also figure in the history of West Florida.

Augusta captain, Arthur Forrest, was an aggressive tactician, and Eliot repeatedly saw action under Forrest's command.  During the first six months of 1758 Forrest raided French shipping in the Caribbean, taking numerous prizes.  In June 1758 Eliot transferred to .  He cruised with her until January 1759, when he was temporarily given her command after her captain succumbed to a tropical fever.  This command was brief (lasting just under one month) before a new captain was assigned to the ship.  In April 1759 Eliot returned to England aboard .

During this early service Eliot's family continued to forge connections at the highest levels of the Admiralty.  His brother Edward, serving in Parliament, worked to advance his career, and his sister Elizabeth married Charles Cocks, who was connected by marriage to Admiral George Anson.  By the time Eliot returned to England Anson had arranged for the young lieutenant's first command, the 12-gun sloop Hawke.  On 4 September 1759 Eliot was commissioned a commander, and by the end of the month he was aboard Hawke at Plymouth, preparing her for sea.

Surviving records of Hawke cruise are sketchy.  On 9 December she was engaged in a brief battle with a much larger French privateer. Suffering three killed in the exchange, Eliot was compelled to strike her colours.  Taken captive to France, Eliot was quickly exchanged through the intercession of his family.  An inquiry was held in April 1760 investigating the loss of the ship, in which Eliot and his officers were acquitted of any wrongdoing.  The ship's surgeon testified that Eliot "behaved with great calmness and resolution" during the incident.

On 25 April 1760 Eliot, not yet eighteen, was commissioned a captain, given command of , and assigned to convoy duty to the Baltic Sea.  On the return leg of his second voyage, Eliot used tactics learned from Captain Forrest to capture a French privateer, recovering two of its British prizes in the process.  With his next command, , Eliot saw duty in home waters and on the blockade of the French coast, landing a rich prize ship loaded with coffee.  In April 1762 Eliot received secret orders to cruise in search of French privateers between the Canary Islands and the Azores, an area where British warships were not normally active.  This duty was without significant incident, and he returned to Plymouth in January 1763.

With the advent of peace, Eliot, still aboard Thames, was assigned duty with the Mediterranean squadron.  He was involved in a minor diplomatic incident while calling on the Spanish port of Cádiz, when one of his junior officers incorrectly responded to salutes fired by Spanish naval vessels entering the harbour.  While transporting Henry Grenville, the ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, back to England in late 1765, Thames was found to be leaking badly, and Eliot was forced to put in at Toulon for repairs.  While there he encountered James Boswell, who wrote favourably of the young captain.  His return to England afterward was complicated by a quarantine imposed on the ship because of the ambassador's baggage; Eliot's family connections were instrumental in rapidly getting the ship released.

Governor of West Florida
Eliot was next posted to , performing guard patrol around Plymouth. He was on this duty in early 1767 when political circumstances resulted in his appointment as governor of West Florida. George Johnstone, his shipmate from Augusta, had been appointed the colony's first governor, and had been recalled in early 1767. More senior naval officers were considered to replace Johnstone, but were deemed unlikely to accept the post. Eliot's brother Edward had been appointed to the Board of Trade, whose head was his uncle, Robert Nugent. The influence of his brother and uncle with Parliament was also significant, and their work resulted in the appointment of Eliot, a 24-year-old officer who had never commanded a ship of the line, as governor in March 1767.

In part because of political turmoil, Eliot did not immediately depart for Pensacola. Finally sailing on 6 January 1769, Eliot landed at Pensacola on 2 April. During the crossing, Eliot was reportedly afflicted with significant pains in his head, and some of his writings from the time show signs of deteriorating handwriting. The pains had apparently dissipated by the time of his arrival at Pensacola, but they soon returned. On the evening of 1 May, Eliot dined with Lieutenant Governor Montfort Browne. The next morning his body was found hanging in the study of the governor's house. Some reports incorrectly stated that he had died of an apoplectic fit, or suggested that his suicide was the result of a melancholic fit. Biographer Robert Rea believes he probably suffered from a brain tumour, whose effects drove him to suicide.

Eliot was buried outside the Pensacola fort with military honours. The only major action begun during his brief time in office was to institute legal proceedings against Lieutenant Governor Browne on charges that he had misappropriated colonial funds. Because of these charges, Browne was eventually supplanted by Elias Durnford as lieutenant governor.

References

1742 births
1769 deaths
Royal Navy officers
Royal Navy personnel of the Seven Years' War
Governors of West Florida
People from St Germans, Cornwall
Governors of British North America
Suicides by hanging in Florida


The First cabinet of Lars Løkke Rasmussen, was announced on 5 April 2009 as Lars Løkke became prime minister after Anders Fogh Rasmussen was offered the post of Secretary General of NATO on 4 April 2009.

Following the 2011 parliamentary election, Lars Løkke Rasmussen was replaced as Prime Minister of Denmark by the Social Democrat Helle Thorning-Schmidt.

Changes from the cabinet of Anders Fogh Rasmussen III
On 7 April 2009 Lars Løkke Rasmussen announced the following changes from the cabinet of Anders Fogh Rasmussen III: Claus Hjort Frederiksen became Minister of Finance after Lars Løkke Rasmussen, and Frederiksen's previous post of Minister of Employment is filled by Inger Støjberg, previously not a minister, who also becomes Minister for Equal Rights. Following Karen Jespersen's announcement that she wished to withdraw as Minister for Social Welfare, that ministry is abolished and a new combined ministry of the interior and of social affairs is taken over by Karen Ellemann.

On 23 February 2010 Løkke Rasmussen announced a major reshuffle, which affected all ministers except for Claus Hjort Frederiksen, Birthe Rønn Hornbech and the prime minister himself.

On 8 March 2011 some minor changes were announced in connection with the firing of Birthe Rønn Hornbech from her position as Minister for Integration as a result of a scandal involving the right of citizenship for stateless residents.

List of ministers and portfolios
Some periods in the table below start before April 2009 because the ministers were also in the Cabinet of Anders Fogh Rasmussen I, II and III.

|}

Notes

Rasmussen, Lars Lokke
2009 establishments in Denmark
2011 disestablishments in Denmark
Cabinets established in 2009
Cabinets disestablished in 2011


Jerry Waters (born Reginald Waters, 3 April 1915 - died 31 January 1997) was one of the top British racing cyclists of the 1940s. He came second to Ernie Clements in the National Cyclists' Union's national road championship in 1946. He continued competing as a veteran.

Brother of Wilfred Waters, cyclist & Olympic bronze medalist.

Palmarès

1946
2nd National road championship (NCU)

References

1915 births
1997 deaths
British male cyclists


Where the Streets Had a Name is a young adult novel by Randa Abdel-Fattah. It was published in April 2008, shortly after the death of the author's grandmother. The book won a 2009 Golden Inky Award.

It is the only book of Abdel-Fattah's to contain a dedication, as follows:
To my Grandmother Sitti Jamilah, who passed away on 24th April, 2008, aged 98. I had hoped that you would live to see this book and that you would be allowed to touch the soil of your homeland again. It is my consolation that you died surrounded by my father and family and friends who cherished you. May you rest in peace. And to my father-May you see a free Palestine in your lifetime.

Plot
13-year-old Hayaat is a Muslim Palestinian girl living in Bethlehem. She lives in a small apartment with her family, who have been displaced from their home: her mother and brothers; her father, grieving the loss of his olive grove; her sister Jihan, who is planning a wedding; and her grandmother Zeynab, who spends her time telling stories from her past. Hayaat is determined and sometimes stubborn, but feels guilt and sadness over an accident from her childhood. She and her best friend Maysaa were caught in the blast from an exploding bomb. Fragments ricocheted off a wall towards Hayaat, scarring her face permanently and killing Maysaa. Frequently, she overhears her mother and grandmother talking, saying Who will marry her with those scars?

When her grandmother becomes ill, Hayaat resolves to travel to Jerusalem to fulfill Zeynab's wish to touch the soil of her ancestral home, believing it will save Zeynab's life. She and her best friend Samy, a Christian Palestinian and fan of football and The X Factor, begin the forbidden six-mile journey on a day they have no curfew. They travel through checkpoints and roadblocks, sneak over the West Bank wall, and meet other Palestinian travelers, a refugee boy named Naseem, and Israeli peace activists. Hayaat also learns more about the accident from her past.

Themes
The novel, set during the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, discusses its themes via a quest-novel structure.

Hamoud Yahya Ahmed Mohsen of Hodeidah University and Ruzy Suliza Hashim of the National University of Malaysia note Fattah's use of the jar of soil, arguing via an ecocritical lens that she uses it to connect Palestinian displacement with ecological concerns.

Critical reception
 Naomi Shihab Nye, writing at The Electronic Intifada, wrote: "It is magnificent to know that the body of literature for young readers has increased so significantly with Where the Streets Had a Name," praising in particular the book's juxtaposition of frank humor, realistic details of daily life, and broader historical themes.
Publishers Weekly praised the "classic quest" narrative, as well as the portrayal of Hayaat and Samy's friendship.
Kirkus Reviews called the novel "a refreshing and hopeful teen perspective on the Israeli-Palestinian dilemma."
 Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books reviewer Karen Coats praised the "rich humor and warmth" of the interactions between Hayaat and her family but suggested that the book did not provide enough historical context about the conflict or the religious and cultural differences among characters for middle schoolers to fully understand the story.

Adaptations
In 2017, Eva Di Cesare of Sydney's Monkey Baa Theatre Company adapted the book for stage.

Translation into other languages
 2010, حينما كان للشوارع أسماء (Arabic), translated by Amira Nowaira and Nabil Nowaira, Bloomsbury Qatar Foundation Publishing.

References

External links

 Interview on Radio National LifeMatters program
 A West Bank story on Radio National TheBookShow
 http://www.qf.org.qa/output/page921.asp

2008 novels
Australian young adult novels
Novels set in the Palestinian territories
Pan Books books
Children's books set in the Palestinian territories
Children's books about Islam and Muslims


There were estimated to be more than two thousand Chinese people in Cameroon .

Migration history
In the early stages of Cameroon-China relations, established in 1971, there were only a few dozen Chinese people in the country. Large-scale migration of Chinese businesspeople began around 1995. By 2006, China's official Xinhua News Agency estimated that roughly one thousand lived in the country, and by 2008, their numbers had more than doubled.

Business and employment
Since the mid-1990s, the number of Chinese migrants setting up traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinics, pharmacies, and even mobile medicine stands has been increasing. By 2000, nearly every town in Cameroon had at least one TCM clinic, and Yaoundé and Douala each had six. Patients at the clinics state that the drugs are cheap and effective; however, local doctors deride TCM as "quackery" and have urged public health authorities to increase their regulation of it.

There are also conflicts between Chinese and local merchants in other sectors. In the northwestern city of Bamenda, some Chinese have also taken to selling what the locals have dubbed "Chinese doughnuts" (beignet Chinoise) produced from local flour. Their competitors claim that the government levies no taxes on the Chinese traders, and have even threatened to drive them out with violence. Some consumers prefer their products due to the low price, while others refuse to patronise Chinese vendors and purchase only from local women instead. In Douala's Akwa district, there has been conflict between Chinese shop-owners and local peddlers who occupy the sidewalk spaces in front of the Chinese-owned shops; the Chinese blame them for blocking the entrances to their shops and drawing crowds which may increase crime, while the peddlers in turn blame the Chinese for causing overcrowding. Many of the peddlers actually buy from Chinese-owned wholesalers and sell their goods at retail.

Chinese merchants complain that they are specifically targeted by customs officials to pay large bribes; they sent a memo of grievance to Chinese president Hu Jintao in January 2007 complaining about harassment by tax and security officials, and even held a work-stoppage and street march in July 2007 in Douala to protest the situation.

There are also an increasing number of sex workers, colloquially referred to as "Shanghai beauties".

Organisations
Chinese businesspeople in Cameroon have made three attempts to establish a chamber of commerce (Chinese General Association of Industry and Commerce of Cameroon/喀麦隆华侨华人工商总会) to coordinate their activities and promote a favourable business environment in Cameroon for their members. Following a failure in 2000, the most recent attempt was made in Douala in November 2005. The officers elected at that meeting were:
President: Chen Bosong, the general manager of the Na'aisi Company (纳爱斯公司总经理陈伯松)
First vice-president: Yuan Yulong, the general manager of the Haida Fisheries Company (海达渔业公司总经理袁玉龙)
Second vice-president: Wang Fengyu, general manager of the China Commerce City (中国商城总经理汪凤玉)
Second vice-president: Zhang Guicheng, general manager of the Wanfu Company (万福公司总经理张贵成)
Second vice-president: Li Jiaxiang, general manager of the Asia-Africa Company (亚非公司总经理李桂香)

Integration and community
Chinese traders are seen as easy targets for crime because they often carry large amounts of cash, and according to the local Chinese embassy, the number of violent incidents targeting Chinese people has been increasing sharply. The first murder of a Chinese person in Cameroon occurred in February 2005; in response, more than four hundred Chinese businesspeople took to the streets of Yaoundé to protest the violence and the police's lack of progress in investigating the crime. Some crimes involve Chinese people victimising other Chinese, such as an attack on a trader by six other Chinese in November 2008 which left her in hospital. The victim in that attack claimed that relations between Chinese people in Cameroon were "not healthy" and called on Cameroonian authorities to pay more attention to the situation. Among the six who attacked her, one is allegedly connected to the mistress of a senior officer in Cameroon's military.

References

External links
Chinese in Douala: Help or Harm?, a 2008 video from Voices of Africa

Ethnic groups in Cameroon
Cameroon


Protoscholastic writing refers to the period in the Middle ages when writing styles changed from  liturgical models, mere adjuncts to the recitation of prayer, to a more complex form. Effectively it re-introduced the space between words in religious texts, especially on the Continent. Prior to that, words were all run together in Latin without separation. The change began in the 7th century, and by the 14th century, the protoscholastic model was the standard. It was introduced to make texts for scholars easier to read and comprehend, a necessary function for the more technical concepts introduced by Aristotle. Peter Abelard was a noted exponent of this new style.

References

Orthography
Typography
Scholasticism


Adanac is the backward spelling of "Canada." It can refer to:
 Adanac, Nipissing District, Ontario, Canada
 Adanac, Parry Sound District, Ontario, Canada
 Adanac, Saskatchewan, Canada
 Adanac Military Cemetery in northeastern France
 Adanac Ski Hill in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
 Coquitlam Adanacs, box lacrosse team in Coquitlam, British Columbia, Canada