The International Tracing Unit works within the framework of Magen David Adom, as part of the International Tracing Service of the Red Cross.  The purpose of this unit is to trace members of family and friends who were separated at times such as escaping from massacres of their people, the Holocaust, natural emigration and natural disasters.

In 1949 The State of Israel signed the Geneva Convention, and thereby committed itself to set up a service for finding relatives.  The service deals with requests to trace relatives with whom all contact has been lost as a result of wars or natural disasters.  The International Tracing Unit of Magen David Adom is available to all Israeli citizens as part of the services given by the national organisation, which is the equivalent of the Red Cross in other countries.  In the last few years the contact between the Red Cross and Red Crescent movement and MDA has strengthened.  Especially since MDA joined the ranks of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent organisation.  Within this framework the activities of the Tracing Unit in MDA were renewed, with organisational, logistic and financial support from the ICRC with the purpose of joining MDA into the international activities of the organisation.  During the years 2002-2007 the International Tracing Unit dealt with more than 5000 requests.

In the search for information, the International Tracing unit contacts museums, archives, different organizations and national branches of the Red Cross in various countries all over the world.

In cases where the request has come from another country, the International Tracing unit works to help find someone using information found in Israel.

In a small but significant number of cases, the International Tracing unit has discovered that the missing person is still alive.  Members of family have been reunited after tens of years of searching.

In more than 1,700 incidents, confirmation is received of the death or expulsion of the missing person from different countries.  A confirmation of death plays an important part in the process of grieving and closing the circle.

After a number of successful traces it was decided in MDA to set up the department as a tracing unit, and the first course of its kind in the world was held to train people to carry out the tracing.  The course took place in October 2008 in Jerusalem, and 15 people, MDA workers and volunteers, received the appropriate training to carry out tracing.  The course took place in cooperation with representatives of the Red Cross.

Compensation, support and pension
Magen David Adom in Israel can help fill in the forms connected with forced labour, enslavement, forceful removal from areas of the former USSR or imprisonment in concentration camps, forms needed to request compensation.

See also
International Tracing Service
Family Tracing Unit (Sri Lanka)

External links

 The Tracing Unit – on the MDA web site
 The International Tracing Service – on the ITS website
 List of People involved in International Tracing – on the ICRC website

International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement


Coopersville is a hamlet in the town of Nunda, Livingston County, New York, United States. Coopersville lies at an elevation of 843 feet (257 m).

References

Hamlets in New York (state)
Hamlets in Livingston County, New York


Rommani  ( Berber: ⴰⵔⵓⵎⴻⵏⵉ transliterated ar-Rammānī) is a Moroccan town in the region of Rabat-Salé-Kénitra. It is situated at approximately 60 km (40 Mi) southeast of Morocco's capital of Rabat and 100 km (60 Mi) east of its economic and cultural hub of Casablanca (ad-Dar-al-Bayda).

History

Camp Marchand (present-day Rommani) was established on 30 July 1911 at Zebida, on the boundary of the Northern (مزارعة) and Southern Zaer (الكفيان). Camp Marchand was a seat of government comparable to a prefecture. The town served as a regional services hub. The town had a post office, which served the surrounding villages of Christian (Brachoua) Le Jacqueline (Zhayliga), Merzougha (Marchouch), N'Nkreila and Sidi Bettache as well as the more dispersed population of the area, including forester's families living in the surrounding forests.

The town rapidly developed during the colonial period. Many immigrants from different regions settled there, mainly Doukala but also from the Sraghna, Chyadma, Iribat (Sahara) and Benimaskine of Soussis Berber tribes. The majority of these tribe members were shopkeepers, field workers or construction workers. The latter were in high demand due to a boost in civil and public construction.

The name of Camp Marchand was changed to Rommani at a later stage. Currently, Rommani is a town of some 15,000 inhabitants.

Etymology
The town's name stems from Oued Romane (واد الرمان), meaning pomegranate river. This wadi runs through the city centre.

Demographic development

References
  Rommani on Stefan Helders' World Gazetteer web site
  Rommani on the Falling Rain Genomics, Inc. web site
 This article is based on a translation of the French Wikipedia article on Rommani.

Populated places in Khémisset Province
Cities in Morocco


Peter Fleming and John McEnroe were the defending champions but only McEnroe competed that year with Peter Rennert.

McEnroe and Rennert won in the final 6–3, 7–6 against Steve Denton and Mark Edmondson.

Seeds

  Peter McNamara /  Paul McNamee (first round)
  Steve Denton /  Mark Edmondson (final)
  Sherwood Stewart /  Ferdi Taygan (semifinals)
  John McEnroe /  Peter Rennert (champions)

Draw

External links
1982 Custom Credit Australian Indoor Championships Doubles Draw

Doubles


The Wolves of Turku were a trio of man-eating wolves which in 1880 and 1881 killed 22 children in Turku, Finland. The average age
of the victims of these wolves was 5.9 years. Their depredations caused such concern that the local and national government became involved, calling help from Russian and Lithuanian hunters, as well as the army. The wolves killed their last victim on November 18, 1881. On January 12, 1882, an old female wolf was shot and twelve days later, an adult male was poisoned, putting an end to the attacks. One of the dead wolves was sent to the hunting museum of Riihimäki, the other in the St Olof’s school where they can still be seen today. The third wolf ended up as a doormat and disappeared.

In recent times, some Finnish conservationists, notably Pousette (2000), have debated the accuracy of the depicted events. Although he stated that there was no direct evidence that the wolves were previously captive animals as the wolf of Gysinge was, he indicated that the possibility could not be ruled out. He also stated that the female had poor teeth. Erkki Pulliainen, the leading wolf specialist of the Wolf Specialist Group of the IUCN stated that the historical information was very unreliable, and told the newspaper "Demari" on October 27, 2005, that one Turku wolf was really a wolf-dog hybrid. Eirik Granqvist wrote an article in the leading daily Helsingin Sanomat confirming that they had been positively identified as wolves after their remains had been examined in both the hunting museum and St Olof's school.

References

Turku
Turku
Disasters in Finland
Man-eaters
Individual wild animals
1880 disasters in Finland
1881 disasters in Finland
Natural disasters in Finland


The Apothecary Shop is a building at the Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont, that exhibits objects salvaged from New England pharmacies that were closing in the early decades of the 20th century. The main room contains dried herbs, spices, drugs, and labeled glass apothecary bottles from the nineteenth century, as well as early patent medicines, medical equipment, cosmetics, and a collection of barbers' razors. The compounding room, with its brick hearth, copper distilleries, and percolators, replicates an illustration found in Edward Parrish's 1871 Treatise on Pharmacy.

History
In 1959 the Shelburne Museum constructed the Apothecary Shop as an addition to the General Store. Inside, the display shelves, pill press, and other professional tools create the appearance of an operating druggist's shop between 1870 and 1900. The glass vessels displayed in the front windows are symbols of the apothecary trade: the red fluid represents arterial blood while the blue represents venous blood.

Prior to the Civil War, druggists gathered and dried herbs, primed them for medicinal use through the process of grinding or distillation, then combined the prepared herbs with sugar, lard, alcohol and other substances to create tablets, ointments, and elixirs. While these practices continued into the late nineteenth century, druggists gradually responded to an ever-greater demand for patent medicines as customers began to prefer brightly labeled cure-alls to herbal remedies. Passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act in 1906 marked the beginning of the modern drugstore and the end of the apothecary shop.

References

External links
 Shelburne Museum website

Shelburne Museum
Medical museums in the United States
Pharmacy museums
Medical and health organizations based in Vermont


Tianyulong (Chinese: 天宇龍; Pinyin: tiānyǔlóng; named for the Shandong Tianyu Museum of Nature where the holotype fossil is housed) is an extinct genus of heterodontosaurid ornithischian dinosaur. The only species is T. confuciusi, whose remains were discovered in Jianchang County, Western Liaoning Province, China.

History
The holotype of Tianyulong, STMN 26-3 was initially reported as being from the Early Cretaceous Jehol group. The fossil was collected at a locality transliterated as Linglengta or Linglongta. Lu et al., 2010, reported that these beds were actually part of the Tiaojishan Formation, dating from the late Jurassic period at least 158.5 million years ago.

Another specimen, IVPP V17090, was described in 2012. At least four other specimens remain undescribed.

Description
STMN 26-3 consists of an incomplete skeleton preserving a partial skull and mandible, partial presacral vertebrae, proximal–middle caudal vertebrae, nearly complete right scapula, both humeri, the proximal end of the left ulna, partial pubes, both ischia, both femora, the right tibia and fibula and pes, as well as remains of long, singular and unbranched filamentous integumentary structures. The holotype is from a subadult individual that probably measured 70 cm in length based on the proportions of the related South African species Heterodontosaurus tucki. However, Tianyulong had unusual proportions compared to other heterodontosaurids. The head was large and the legs and tail were long, but the neck and forelimbs were short.

Tianyulong has a row of long, filamentous integumentary structures on the back, tail and neck of the specimen. The similarity of these structures with those found on some theropods suggests their homology with feathers and raises the possibility that the earliest dinosaurs and their ancestors were covered with homologous dermal filamentous structures that can be considered primitive feathers ("proto-feathers").

Classification

Tianyulong is classified as a heterodontosaurid, a group of small ornithischian dinosaur characterized by a slender body, long tail and a pair of enlarged canine-like tusks. They were herbivorous or possibly omnivorous. Until the discovery of Tianyulong, known members of the group were restricted to the Early Jurassic of South Africa, with one genus (Fruitadens) from the Late Jurassic of the US, and possibly one additional genus (Echinodon) from the Early Cretaceous of England.

The cladogram below follows the analysis by Butler et al., 2011:

Paleobiology

The filamentous integumentary structures are preserved on three areas of the fossil: in one patch just below the neck, another one on the back, and the largest one above the tail. The hollow filaments are parallel to
each other and are singular with no evidence of branching. They also appear to be relatively rigid, making them more analogous to the integumentary structures found on the tail of Psittacosaurus than to the proto-feather structures found in avian and non-avian theropods. Among the theropods, the structures in Tianyulong are most similar to the singular unbranched proto-feathers of Sinosauropteryx and Beipiaosaurus. The estimated length of the integumentary structures on the tail is about 60 mm which is seven times the height of a caudal vertebra. Their length and hollow nature argue against of them being subdermal structures such as collagen fibers.
Such dermal structures have previously been reported only in derived theropods and ornithischians, and their discovery in Tianyulong extends the existence of such structures further down in the phylogenetic tree. However, the homology between the ornithischian filaments and the theropods' proto-feathers is not obvious. If the homology is supported, the consequence is that the common ancestor of both saurischians and ornithischians were covered by feather-like structures, and that groups for which skin impression are known such as the sauropods were only secondarily featherless. If the homology is not supported, it would indicate that these filamentous dermal structures evolved independently in saurischians and ornithischians, as well as in other archosaurs such as the pterosaurs. The authors (in supplementary information to their primary article) noted that discovery of similar filamentous structures in the theropod Beipiaosaurus bolstered the idea that the structures on Tianyulong are homologous with feathers. Both the filaments of Tianyulong and the filaments of Beipiaosaurus were long, singular, and unbranched. In Beipiaosaurus, however, the filaments were flattened. In Tianyulong, the filaments were round in cross section, and therefore closer in structure to the earliest forms of feathers predicted by developmental models. A study published in the journal Biology Letters rigorously tested the hypothesis that protofeathers are plesiomorphic to dinosaurs. The results supported the hypothesis that scales are plesiomorphic to dinosaurs. While it is true that feather beta keratin is present in crocodilian scales in embryonic development, it fails to support the maximum-likelihood of protofeathers being plesiomorphic.

References

External links

Heterodontosaurids
Ornithischian genera
Oxfordian genera
Late Jurassic dinosaurs of Asia
Paleontology in Liaoning
Feathered dinosaurs
Fossil taxa described in 2009
Taxa named by Xu Xing
Taxa named by Dong Zhiming


Controversial Ohio database searches of Joe Wurzelbacher occurred during the last few weeks of the 2008 US Presidential election campaign, when Ohio Department of Job and Family Services (ODJFS) employees, and Ohio officials, became embroiled in a controversy over searches of Joe Wurzelbacher's government records after he came to national attention as "Joe the Plumber." The matter led to substantial news media attention during the presidential campaign, a new law being signed in Ohio, and a federal civil rights lawsuit which was dismissed on August 4, 2010, on grounds that the privacy violation did not amount to a constitutional violation of the right to privacy.

Ohio Association of Chiefs of Police contractor
On October 14, 2009, the Columbus Dispatch reported that, "A former contractor for the Ohio Association of Chiefs of Police has been charged with rummaging through state computers to retrieve information about 'Joe the Plumber.'" The State Highway Patrol has stated that, "this individual has also used a law-enforcement computer network on Oct. 16, 2008 to access personal information about Samuel Joseph Wurzelbacher."

Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles searches
Since The Columbus Dispatch reported on October 25, 2008, that "information on Wurzelbacher's driver's license or his sports utility vehicle was pulled [accessed] from the Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles database three times," multiple state databases have been used to get information on Wurzelbacher.

In Ohio, state and local officials are investigating whether the accessing was illegal. Wurzelbacher responded on Fox News saying that, "It upsets me greatly, to be honest with you." John McCain responded later that day calling the actions, "remarkable." The Obama campaign responded that the access had nothing to do with the Obama campaign and that it should be fully investigated.

ODJFS database searches
During the last few weeks of the 2008 US Presidential election campaign, ODJFS employees became embroiled in a controversy over searches of Joe Wurzelbacher's government records. State and local officials conducted an investigation into whether ODJFS Director Helen Jones-Kelley's order to access Ohio government databases concerning Wurzelbacher was illegal; they concluded on November 20, 2008, that the searches breached protocol but found there was no evidence to prove they were part of a political agenda or linked with a political group or campaign. The Attorney General's office of Ohio conducted the investigation.

At the start of the investigation, Ohio State Rep. William Batchelder, R-Medina, called for Jones-Kelley to explain her agency's actions in reviewing individuals who have been the subject of news stories. In a written response to a letter from Ohio Senate President Bill Harris, Jones-Kelly defended her decision to approve of the search on Wurzelbacher after the third presidential debate:

Given our understanding that Mr. Wurzelbacher had publicly indicated that he had the means to purchase a substantial business enterprise, ODJFS, consistent with past departmental practice, checked confidential databases to make sure that if Mr. Wurzelbacher did owe child support, or unemployment compensation taxes, or was receiving public assistance, appropriate action was being taken. The result of those checks have never been publicly shared.

The Columbus Dispatch reported on November 14, 2008, that "In response to a public-records request, the state agency said yesterday that it had no records involving previous checks of the type that Director Helen Jones-Kelley authorized on 'Joe the Plumber.'" Tom Hayes and Barbara Riley, both previous directors of ODJFS, have responded to Jones-Kelley's searches and stated that they did not conduct searches due to an individual's status being raised to "celebrity."

Ohio Inspector General's report
On November 20, 2008, Inspector General Charles reported that the reasons that Helen Jones-Kelley provided for the checks on Wurzelbacher "were not credible and they included contradictions, ambiguity, and inconsistencies." Charles found that Jones-Kelley "improperly authorized searches of state databases for information on Samuel Joseph — 'Joe the Plumber' — Wurzelbacher." Charles has provided the report to the prosecutor's office of Franklin County, Ohio for their review and consideration. After reviewing the report, Strickland suspended Jones-Kelley for a month without pay, but rejected requests for her to be terminated. On December 17, 2008, Jones-Kelley resigned from her position as director of ODJFS. Along with her resignation, Jones-Kelley issued a statement. "This decision comes after a time of pause, in which I realize that I continue to be used as a political postscript, providing a distraction from urgent state priorities." Fred Williams and Doug Thompson, members of Jones-Kelley's staff, who had both been suspended after being implicated in the ODJFS computer records search, left their positions due to resignation and removal. Governor Ted Strickland's spokesperson stated that the governor "values Helen Jones-Kelley's years of public service as a dedicated advocate for the most vulnerable among us." Upon Jones-Kelley's resignation, Douglas E. Lumpkin was chosen by Governor Strickland to replace her as director of ODJFS.

House Bill 648
In response to the improper records search, Republican Ohio state representative Shannon Jones sponsored House Bill 648 that mandates "the firing of any unclassified state employee who improperly accesses confidential personal information". On December 10, 2008, the bill passed the Ohio House of Representatives by a vote of 69 to 26. On December 17, 2008, the bill passed the Ohio Senate by a vote of 30 to 2. On January 6, 2009, Governor Ted Strickland signed House Bill 648, creating civil and criminal penalties for violations of rules concerning access to personal information on state databases.

Judicial Watch lawsuit
On March 5, 2009, in a U.S. District Court in Columbus, Judicial Watch filed a lawsuit charging that Jones-Kelley (along with employees Fred Williams and Doug Thompson) improperly searched "confidential state databases" in an attempt to retaliate against Joe Wurzelbacher's criticism of then-presidential candidate Barack Obama. The lawsuit states that the actions of these individuals "are sufficient to chill or silence a person of ordinary firmness from future First Amendment activities." Judicial Watch filed the federal civil rights lawsuit on behalf of Wurzelbacher, alleging that "officials of the State of Ohio violated Mr. Wurzelbacher's constitutional rights by illegally accessing confidential information from its official databases." The Associated Press reports that Jones-Kelley must respond to the lawsuit within 20 days. Jones-Kelley's attorney, H. Ritchey Hollenbaugh, has declined to comment on the lawsuit and has stated that he is "studying it." On May 7, 2009, the Associated Press reported that Jones-Kelly, "denies that she authorized state searches about the man known as "Joe the Plumber" after he questioned Barack Obama on the 2008 campaign trail." In addition, she "acknowledged donating $2,500 to the Obama campaign but denied providing additional help."

On November 15, 2009, the Associated Press reported that "Ohio taxpayers are paying the bill for the legal defense of three former state employees sued by "Joe the Plumber," who claims they illegally accessed his personal information leading up to last fall's presidential election."

On August 4, 2010, the U.S District Court in Columbus dismissed the lawsuit on the grounds that the privacy violation didn't amount to a constitutional violation to the right to privacy.

References

Ohio Department of Job and Family Services
Privacy law in the United States
2008 in Ohio
2008 controversies in the United States
United States election controversies


Yao Lijun ( born on 2 October 1981 in Haining, Zhejiang) is a former Chinese football player who played the majority of his career as a defender for Shanghai Shenhua.

Club career
Yao Lijun began his football career playing for Shanghai 02 where his impressive displays for the club would see him captain the team to numerous youth championships, before joining their senior team that took part in the third tier in the 2000 Chinese league season. After playing in one league season with the club they were taken over by top tier side Shanghai Shenhua and he moved towards their senior team. After making his debut in 2002 he was a squad regular for Shanghai Shenhua where he could play as either right-back or centre-back, however due to his versatility he consistently had other players preferred to when fighting for competition of places, however despite that he was part of the team that went on to win the 2003 Chinese Jia-A League title. Unfortunately in 2013 the Chinese Football Association would revoke the league title after it was discovered the Shenhua General manager Lou Shifang had bribed officials to be bias to Shenhua in games that season. By the beginning of the 2007 league season Shenhua had merged with local rivals Shanghai United F.C. and with the exceptionally large squad Yao would gradually gain even less playing time until in 2010 he was dropped to the reserve team.

Honours
Shanghai Shenhua
Chinese Jia-A League: 2003 (revoked due to match-fixing scandal)

References

External links
Player Profile at Shanghai Shenhua
Player Profile at Football-lineups website
Player Profile at sportscn.com

1981 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Jiaxing
Chinese men's footballers
Footballers from Zhejiang
Shanghai Shenhua F.C. players
Men's association football defenders


San Emiliano (in Galician-Asturian: Santo Miyao) is a parish (administrative division) in Allande, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. It is situated  from the capital, Pola de Allande.

The elevation is  above sea level. It is  in size, with a population of 63.  The postal code is 33885.

Villages and hamlets
 Bevarasao (Bevaraso)
 Bojo (Boxo)
 Buslavín (Busllavín)
 Ema
 Fresnedo (Freisnedo)
 Murias
 La Quintana (A Quintá)
 Vallinas (Vallías)
 Villadecabo
 San Emiliano (Santo Miyao)

References

External links
 Allande

Parishes in Allande


The Grandval Dam (, ) is a dam in the French region Massif central, which opened in 1960. It was conceived by architects Henri et Louis Marty. It is located on the Truyère river, in the departement of Cantal, in between the communes of Fridefont et de Lavastrie.

Dams in France
Massif Central


Greg Gardiner is an American cinematographer.

Filmography

Film

Television
TV series

TV movies

Awards
1995 won the Cinematography Award for the film Suture (1993) at the Sundance Film Festival

External links

https://archive.today/20130125123002/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrity/Greg_Gardiner/3078418
 https://web.archive.org/web/20110725202502/http://www.onthebox.com/cinema-listings/celebrities/459798/greg-gardiner.aspx
 http://www.channel4.com/film/reviews/person.jsp?id=15309

Living people
American cinematographers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Sundance Film Festival award winners


Jessie Ball duPont (January 20, 1884 – September 26, 1970) was an American teacher, philanthropist and designated a Great Floridian by the Florida Department of State.

Biography
Jessie Dew Ball was born on January 20, 1884, in Hardings, Northumberland County, Virginia to Lalla Gresham and Thomas Ball, a Confederate Civil War veteran and attorney. Aside from a year in Austin, Texas and a year in Baltimore, Maryland, Ball duPont grew up in Virginia. She earned a Life Certificate from the Farmville (Virginia) Normal School and began teaching in Lancaster County, Virginia, at the age of 18. She taught at the Shiloh School in Northumberland County in 1906-1907.  She continued that career after moving in 1909 with her family to San Diego, California. As a young adult, she began amassing profits from the stock market and real estate which she used to fund need-based college scholarships. Eventually vice-principal of the elementary school where she was employed, she contributed to the upkeep of her elderly father and mother until they died in 1917 and 1920, respectively.

Marriage

Ball duPont had met and befriended Alfred I. duPont when she was 14 and he 34, and they maintained a correspondence thereafter. After the 1920 death of his second wife, they entered a courtship which resulted in marriage on January 22, 1921. The couple made their home in the Nemours Mansion and Gardens in Wilmington, Delaware. Retired from teaching, Ball duPont oversaw maintenance of the family estate, took over raising her husband's daughter, Denise, and began to assist duPont in his business.

In 1923, duPont hired Edward Ball, one of Ball duPont's four siblings to survive to adulthood. Ball relocated to Delaware to become manager of the Clean Food Products Company and additionally to advise duPont and manage the estate fortune. The arrival of her brother freed Ball duPont from some of her business concerns so that she could dedicate more time to her charities.

In 1927, the family relocated to Florida, taking up residence in their newly built  estate on the St. John's River, Epping Forest, which was named after the home of Mary Ball Washington, the mother of George Washington, who was Jessie's distant relative. duPont established his main business industry in Jacksonville, with most of his $34 million assets being transferred to his newly formed Almours Securities, Inc. Ball also moved to Florida, and duPont and Ball expanded their business interests in the area, acquiring substantial real estate and buying into Florida National Bank. In 1935, Ball duPont became the director of that bank. Meanwhile, Ball duPont also undertook the preservation of Stratford Hall Plantation, where Confederate General Robert E. Lee had been born. She also renovated and modernized the Lee family residence Ditchley, near Kilmarnock, Virginia. In 1937, she attended the coronation of King George VI.  In 1940, she purchased Hurstville and had the house restored as a residence for her sisters.

Widowhood
On April 29, 1935, Alfred duPont died, leaving Ball duPont as his primary beneficiary. He also established a substantial trust which Ball duPont administered, along with her brother and duPont's son-in-law, Elbert Dent. She served as president of two of the organizations set up by the trust, the Nemours Foundation and the Alfred I. duPont Testamentary Trust. She also sat on the boards at the Alfred I. duPont Institute for Crippled Children at Nemours and the St. Joe Paper Company in Jacksonville, serving as Chairman at the latter.

Death
She died on September 26, 1970, in Wilmington, Delaware.

Awards
A number of honors were bestowed on Ball duPont during her lifetime. She was the recipient of thirteen honorary degrees and was named
a Sister of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem by Queen Elizabeth II in 1963. According to the biography in the Jessie Ball duPont Papers, she was "the first woman to serve on the Board of Control of the State of Florida's higher education system." Since her death, a number of parks and buildings have been named in her honor. In 2000, she was designated a Great Floridian by the Florida Department of State, and in 2001 she was inducted into the Florida Women's Hall of Fame.

Legacy
Ball duPont remained active in philanthropy for many years before debilitating medical problems restricted her in her 70s. She relocated to Delaware, dying at the Nemours estate on September 26, 1970. Except for personal bequests, the bulk of her assets were placed in the Jessie Ball duPont Fund to continue her philanthropic endeavors. According to the Jessie Ball duPont Fund, her estate at the time was "one of the largest ... in Florida history, estimated at $42 million".

At the College of William & Mary in Virginia, DuPont Hall opened in 1964 and was named after Jessie Ball duPont, benefactress of the College and daughter of Thomas Ball, an alumnus.

Jesse DuPont Hall was constructed in 1951 as part of the Fine Arts Complex at the University of Mary Washington. At the time of its construction, DuPont was the closest living relative to Mary Ball Washington, mother of George Washington.

Ball duPont was also a major donor to Virginia Theological Seminary in Alexandria, Virginia. However on 23 November 1951, she wrote to Dean Stanley Brown-Serman, 'I have been told that one or more negroes are members of the student body... I do not contribute to schools in the south that take negroes as students.' A subsequent letter stated, 'As long as the Virginia Theological Seminary is open to negroes, I have made my last contribution to it...'

The Fund
The Jessie Ball duPont Fund is a foundation that issues grants to organizations that received support from Jessie Ball duPont during the years 1960–1964. The official name is the Jessie Ball duPont Religious, Charitable and Educational Fund. According to their website, the Fund focuses on three areas:

 Increasing equitable access to opportunities and resources for members of society who have historically been excluded
 Placemaking to build stronger communities where all voices are heard and valued
 Investing to achieve positive impact in the communities served by the Fund

In 2016, the Jessie Ball duPont Fund provided an initial seed of $250,000 to establish Florida's First Coast Relief Fund, which had raised $545,208 by December 15, 2016. This fund was created in the wake of Hurricane Matthew and gives grants to organizations aiding individuals impacted by hurricanes in five Florida counties. Since its inception, the Relief Fund has distributed $8.98 million through 251 grants to 128 unique organizations in Baker, Clay, Duval, Nassau, Putnam and St. Johns counties. The Relief Fund awarded nearly $5.4 million in grants to 112 local organizations that delivered essential human services to residents disproportionately burdened by the COVID-19 crisis.

References

External links
 Jessie Ball duPont Fund website
 Stratford Hall Plantation website
  Funding Universe: Company Histories-St. Joe Paper Company
 Funding Universe: Company Histories- Florida East Coast Industries, Inc.

1884 births
1970 deaths
People from Northumberland County, Virginia
Jessie Ball
People from Jacksonville, Florida
20th-century American educators
American philanthropists
Alfred I. du Pont


Far is the fifth studio album by American alternative singer-songwriter Regina Spektor. It was released in Europe on June 22, 2009, and in North America on June 23, 2009, through Sire Records.

Background
Spektor decided to work with multiple producers on the album. She has compared composing an album to taking a class, and said she wanted to have "multiple professors". She also felt that having multiple producers would help each to not worry what the single or big hit would be. The tracks produced by David Kahne, who produced Spektor's previous studio album, Begin to Hope (2006), and by Mike Elizondo, who produced her next studio album, What We Saw from the Cheap Seats (2012), credit Spektor as "co-producer", whereas those produced by Jacknife Lee and Jeff Lynne do not.

Although Lynne, as founder of Electric Light Orchestra and co-founder of The Traveling Wilburys, has an expansive musical background, Spektor did not know of his work when she originally met him. "Regina's songs are like literature," said Lynne, who doesn't usually work with new artists, but said that Spektor's demo tapes blew him away. "It hits you right in the face how brilliant it is," he said.

Release
The album's first single, "Laughing With", was uploaded to Spektor's MySpace page on May 8, 2009, and was released as a digital download on May 18 in the United States and parts of Europe, along with the b-side "Blue Lips". Two viral videos for "Dance Anthem of the 80's"  and "Eet" were also released on Spektor's MySpace account. The official music video for "Laughing With" was released on iTunes on May 26, 2009.

A deluxe edition of the album was released with two bonus tracks and a DVD that included four music videos.

The track "Human of the Year" was included in a pivotal scene of the pilot episode of the HBO series Enlightened.

Reception

Far scored 74 on Metacritic, which signifies "generally favorable reviews".

David Bevan of Spin said that, in "The Calculation", Spektor "purrs a scenario of love and hurt that plays out in the breakfast nook".

Ann Powers of the LA Times said of "Eet": "It's not just cute."

Melissa Maerz of Entertainment Weekly praised the album's quirkiness. She said that, in "Folding Chair", Spektor "literally sings like a dolphin", and that "Wallet" is the "best song ever inspired by a Blockbuster card".

Jon Dolan of Rolling Stone said "Laughing With" is a song that "ends collapsing in an existential freakout over a soft beat and weeping cello".

Emily MacKay of NME said "Human of the Year" has "a typically Spektorian conceit", and that Spektor's "remarkable, gutsy voice vaults to the rafters of heartbreak".

James Skinner of Drowned in Sound called "Genius Next Door" a "spiralling Gothic narrative that comes on with all the otherworldly beauty of a Haruki Murakami story". He went on to say the album does not aim "at ideas above its station", nor does it "flounder in search of unity".

Max Neibaur of Frequency said that, in "Man of a Thousand Faces", the "pathos of the lyrics is still strong enough to make the Incredible Hulk tear up a bit". Of the whole album, he said that Far "pleases every auditory appetite".

Jeremy Blacklow of Access Hollywood called the album a "wonderful soothing summer sound".

Lewis of the Cord Weekly said: "Spektor delivers gloomy tales of turmoil, complemented by slow, haunting piano notes that could just as easily accompany a horror film."

Snyder of the New Haven Advocate said that, overall, Spektor has "redirected some of that freaky stuff, tweaked and perfected it, to a new place where it fits better", and that the songs are "sometimes kind of serious".

According to Neibaur, "The stark contradictions of critics relating to Spektor exemplify a larger problem in modern music criticism—very few writers truly analyze music from an artistic perspective any longer." In a similar vein, during a June 24, 2009, interview, Spektor remarked that: "I mean, in this book, it's music criticism from the 19th century, and they're ripping Tchaikovsky a new asshole, but the thing that really gets me is that it's written so beautifully. It's nasty reviews in beautiful language, and that's what I want. My dad will forward me some of the stuff people write about me, and I think it's all bullshit. It's all, 'Oh, this sucks, that sucks, blah.' I don't want that. I want you to write poetically about how bad I suck."

Music videos
Adria Petty, daughter of musician Tom Petty, directed four music videos for the album. The videos can be viewed on Spektor's MySpace page and are also available on the bonus DVD included with the deluxe edition of Far. The songs for which videos were made are:
 "Laughing With"
 "Eet"
 "Dance Anthem of the 80's"
 "Man of a Thousand Faces"

Chart performance
Far entered the official UK Albums Chart at number 30. It debuted at number 16 on the Canadian Albums Chart. In the US, the album sold 50,000 copies in its first week and entered the US Billboard 200 at number three; it would go on to spend nineteen weeks on the chart.

Track listing

Personnel

Regina Spektor – co-producer, lead vocals
Jeri Heiden  – design, photography
Sam Bell – editing, engineer
Adam Hawkins – engineer
Beck Henderer-Peña  – engineer
David Kahne  – engineer, mixing, producer, programming
Marc Mann – engineer
Steve Jay – engineer
Tom McFall – engineer
Brent Arrowood  – assistant engineer
David Kahne – engineer, programming
Tom Whalley  – executive producer
Brendon T. Sharkey – illustration
Ron Shapiro – management
Bob Ludwig  – mastering
Adam Hawkins – mixing
Jacknife Lee – mixing, producer
Marc Mann  – mixing
Michael H. Brauer  – mixing
Steve Jay – mixing
Ryan Gilligan – pro-tools engineer, assistant mixer
Will Hensley  – pro-tools engineer, assistant mixer
Jeff Lynne – producer
Mike Elizondo – producer
Adria Petty – art direction, photography
Jeri Heiden  – art direction

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

External links
 Far at Metacritic
 Regina Spektor — Regina Spektor official website
 "Regina Spektor Finds Strength in Numbers". Rolling Stone. March 20, 2009.

2009 albums
Regina Spektor albums
Sire Records albums
Albums produced by Jacknife Lee
Albums produced by David Kahne
Albums produced by Jeff Lynne
Albums produced by Mike Elizondo


Robert Floyd may refer to:
Robert Floyd (actor) (born 1967), television and film actor
Robert L. Floyd (1918–2007), mayor of Miami, Florida
Bobby Floyd (born 1943), baseball player
Robert J. Floyd, state legislator in Florida
Robert W. Floyd (1936–2001), computer scientist
Robert "Bob" Floyd, a fictional pilot in the 2022 film Top Gun: Maverick


A plug in sanitation is an object that is used to close a drainage outlet firmly.

The insertion of a plug into a drainage outlet allows the container to be filled with water or other fluids. In contrast to screw on caps, plugs are pushed into the hole and are not put over the hole.

Plugs are most commonly encountered in the bathroom or kitchen, for use in bathtubs, wash basins or sinks.

Traditional plugs
Typically plugs are made from a soft material, such as rubber, or have a soft outer rim, so that they can be fitted to holes slightly smaller than their diameter; this ensures a tight seal. They are often connected by a ball chain which ensures the plug may be pulled from the drain with relative ease.

Pop-up plugs

Some modern plugholes dispense with the need for a separate plug, having instead a built-in 'pop-up plug' operated by a handle on the sink, that can move up or down to open or close the plughole.

See also
 Pipe plug

References

Sewerage
Bathrooms
Piping


Pete the Tramp is an American comic strip by Clarence D. Russell (1895–1963) which was distributed by King Features Syndicate for more than three decades, from January 10, 1932 to December 22, 1963. Howard Eugene Wilson, in the Harvard Educational Review, described the strip's title character as "a hobo with a gentleman's instincts."

Russell studied at the Chicago Art Institute and then began working as a freelance artist. During World War I, he went overseas with the American Expeditionary Forces. When he returned to America in 1920, he worked for several New York newspapers, while also contributing to Judge.

Characters and story
Russell's work for Judge included cartoons of a homeless man who was given the name Pete the Tramp when he was syndicated to newspapers beginning January 10, 1932.

Comic strip historian Don Markstein offered this description of Pete the Tramp:

During its long run, Pete the Tramp had several topper strips, as detailed by comic strip historian Allan Holtz in 2006:
C.D. Russell's wonderful Pete The Tramp went through a trio of topper strips on its Sunday pages. The first, Pete's Pup, was a dog strip, sort of a canine counterpart to the Mutt and Jeff topper, Cicero's Cat. The next was The Topper Twins, my favorite because the name is an in-joke to the industry term "topper". For some reason, Russell alternatively called this strip The Tucker Twins. The last topper was Snorky... It started in 1935 and is believed to have run as late as 1939. Getting an end date on these later toppers can be a Herculean task, because fewer and fewer papers printed the toppers as the decade of the 1930s wore on. In fact, I have no examples of Snorky later than 1937 in my collection; the 1939 date is based on the strip's listing in the Editor & Publisher yearbooks.

The Further Adventures of Pete the Tramp (1944) was a live-action stag film which stole Russell's character and put him in an erotic situation. During World War II, Russell and Otto Soglow drew their characters at kids' bond rallies in Albany, New York and elsewhere. To cheer up soldiers, Russell also did Pete the Tramp drawings in hospitals during World War II.
[[File:Snorky12437.jpg|right|thumb|500px|Pete the Tramp'''s topper strip, Snorky (January 24, 1937)]]Pete the Tramp ended December 12, 1963, following Russell's death on October 22 of that year.

BooksThe Adventures of Pete the Tramp was published in 1935 by Saalfield. Pete the Tramp'' was published by John Martin's House in 1945.

References

External links
"Mean Benches" by Michael Sporn

1932 comics debuts
1963 comics endings
American comics adapted into films
American comics characters
American comic strips
Fictional hoboes
Fictional beggars
Gag-a-day comics
Male characters in comics
Comics characters introduced in 1932


Esperance-Dundas was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Western Australia from 1983 to 1989.

The district was located in the Goldfields-Esperance region, extending from Esperance on the south coast northwards to Norseman and including some Kalgoorlie suburbs. It was formed from parts of the former electorates of Yilgarn-Dundas and Roe at the 1983 state election.

It existed for two terms of parliament, and was represented in that time by Labor member Julian Grill, who had previously been the member for Yilgarn-Dundas. Following the abolition of Esperance-Dundas at the 1989 state election, Grill became the member for Eyre.

Members for Esperance-Dundas

Election results

Esperance-Dundas


Homansbyen is a tram stop located at Homansbyen in Frogner borough of Oslo, Norway. It is on the Homansbyen Line, a short line that connects the Briskeby Line and Ullevål Hageby Line of Oslo Tramway, and is served by line 19 using SL79 trams. This line is the shortest of the three tram lines that connect the city centre with Majorstuen. The city has planned to build a new rapid transit station for the Oslo T-bane at Homansbyen, but as of 2017 this has not been developed.

Tram station
Homansbyen was opened on 10 October 1875, as the terminus of the first horsecar line built by Kristiania Sporveisselskab. The station became a branch of the main Ullevål Hageby Line when a connection was built between it and the Kristiania Elektriske Sporvei-owned Briskeby Line on 1 May 1912.

In 2002, Oslo Sporveier decided to close Homansbyen Line from 12 April 2003 due to financial difficulties, and reroute the 11-tram to the Ullevåll Hageby Line instead. However, a city grant on 8 April 2003 allowed the service to be retained. A short 11B-line was implemented to run Stortorvet-Homansbyen-Majorstuen until the 11 was returned to the Homansbyen Line in June 2003. As of 2021, the Homansbyen line is served by line 19 (Majorstuen-Homansbyen-Ljabru).

Rapid transit station

As part of the Oslo Package 3 investment program, the Municipality of Oslo has prosed to build a new station of the Common Tunnel of the Oslo T-bane. After the closing of the station Valkyrie plass in 1985, there are  between the stations Majorstuen and Nationaltheatret. Homansbyen would be located about midway between these two stations, serving residential areas in Frogner. Unlike the other stations between Jernbanetorget and Majorstuen of the T-bane, the station would not function as a transport hub or service many working places. The station is estimated to have 10,000 daily travelers. Construction is estimated to start in 2014, and be completed by 2017.

Oslo Sporveier, the then owner and operator of the T-bane, announced in 2006 that they were opposed to the station being built, even though  has been put aside in Oslo Package 3. The company stated that the area had a good tram service, and was in no need of rapid transit. Because the station would be far underground, travel time gains to the city center for local residents would be small, compared to using the tram. Also, all travelers taking the T-bane west of the city center would get a longer travel time, since all trains would have to stop at Homansbyen. Oslo Sporveier was also concerned that a rapid transit station would take ridership away from the trams, that previously had been threatened with closure. The section of the Common Tunnel is the oldest on the T-bane, having been opened in 1928. The T-bane needs NOK 100 million to upgrade the safety in the tunnel; the current plans involve there being no stops between the two stations. Due to the narrow tunnel profile, evacuation from the trains must be done from the ends of the trains.

References

Oslo Tramway stations in Oslo
Oslo Metro stations in Oslo
Railway stations opened in 1875
Proposed railway stations in Norway
Railway stations in Norway opened in the 1870s


San Martín del Valledor (Galician-Asturian: Samartín) is a parish (administrative division) in Allande, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. It is situated  from the capital, Pola de Allande

The elevation is  above sea level. It is  in size, with a population is 83.    The postal code is 33887.

Villages and hamlets
 Aguanes
 Busvidal
 Coba
 Cornollo (Cornolyo)
 El Engertal (El Enxertal)
 La Furada (A Furada)
 Paradas
 El Provo
 Robledo (Robredo)
 Rubieiro
 Salcedo
 Tremado (Tremao)
 Villasonte (Vilasonte)
 San Martín del Valledor (Samartín)

References

External links
 Allande

Parishes in Allande


The 1983 Custom Credit Australian Indoor Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Sydney Entertainment Centre in Sydney in Australia and was part of the 1983 Volvo Grand Prix. It was the 11th edition of the tournament and was held from 10 October through 16 October 1983. Defending champion and top-seeded John McEnroe won his fourth successive singles title.

Finals

Singles

 John McEnroe defeated  Henri Leconte 6–1, 6–4, 7–5
 It was McEnroe's 5th singles title of the year and the 44th of his career.

Doubles

 Mark Edmondson /  Sherwood Stewart defeated  John McEnroe /  Peter Rennert 6–2, 6–4
 It was Edmondson's 3rd title of the year and the 31st of his career. It was Stewart's 4th title of the year and the 46th of his career.

References

External links
 ITF – tournament edition details

Custom Credit Australian Indoor Championships
Australian Indoor Tennis Championships
In
Custom Credit Australian Indoor Championships
Sports competitions in Sydney
Tennis in New South Wales


There were three automobiles called Pilot in the brass car and vintage car eras.  An American Pilot was built from 1909 to 1924 in Richmond, Indiana.   A British Pilot was built from 1909 to 1914 in London, England and a German Pilot built from 1923 to 1925 in Werdau, Saxony.

American automobile

The Pilot Motor Car Company of Richmond, Indiana, was headed by George Seidel, of the Seidel Buggy Company.  Initially, the cars were built in the Seidel Buggy factory while a stand-alone factory was constructed across town.  It has been said that the cars were named Pilot because Seidel had wanted to become a river boat pilot.  Pilots were assembled cars that were not particularly innovative.  Nonetheless, their advertising slogan was "The Car Ahead", doubtless because of the name of the car.  The new factory had a capacity of 500 cars per year, though in some later years, production approached 1,000.  The firm was one of the first in the automotive field to hire women, though mainly for upholstery and curtain work.

At first, 4-cylinder Teetor-Hartley engines were the motive force of the cars.  In 1913, a 6-cylinder engine was added to the line-up.  From 1915 to 1924, only six-cylinders were offered, except for 1916, when a V8 engine made a one-year appearance as an engine choice.  In 1913, the six-cylinder car cost $2,500, as opposed to the mid-priced $1,500 to$1,800 ()  four-cylinder cars.  In 1920, a larger Herschell-Spillman six was added.  A Sportster model was introduced in the summer of 1922 and was the most dashing car from the firm, with barrel headlights and no running boards.

The firm took over the local Lorraine, but that could not help it survive long beyond the 1920-21 depression.  A few Lorraine hearses were produced before that marque was discontinued.  The Pilot Motor Car Company was forced into receivership in 1923 by what George Seidel described as "cut-throat tactics of Eastern money interests."  The last Pilots were produced in early 1924, and the factory was then sold to a local businessman for $28,500.

Pilots were durable cars, and was regularly exported. George Seidel received a letter in the 1940s from a car dealer in South America, who inquired if any Pilots were still available, and their price.  George Seidel was proud of his hometown, as evidenced by the cars he drove: first, a Richmond; then a Pilot (obviously); and finally, a Davis.

Advertisements

British automobile
The company who created this Pilot car started out as a driving and maintenance school.  In 1909, they displayed a car with a 4-cylinder White and Poppe engine of 16 hp.  The following year they displayed another 4-cylinder car, this one with a Hillman engine and belt and cone-pulley drive. Both of these were probably the only cars produced with these specifications.  In 1911, the parent company was reformed as Pilot Works and Friction Cars, Ltd to produce a smaller car.  This one had a Coventry-Simplex single-cylinder engine of only 7 hp, in addition to friction drive.  In 1912-1914, yet another engine was employed in their cars—a Chapuis-Dornier 4-cylinder of 10 hp.  This car also used friction drive.  This appears to be the last car produced.

German automobile
This Pilot light car used a 6/30PS 4-cylinder engine.  Soon after the car debuted, the firm was bought by a rail carriage-maker, Sächsische Waggonfabrik.  Production was thereafter carried out in the new firm's factory in Werdau.  In addition to both open and closed cars, a delivery van was also produced for the short time the marque was in existence.  Due to the poor economic conditions in Germany at the time, the firm soon dropped automobiles altogether to concentrate on rail production.

References

See also

 1917 Pilot Model 6-45 at ConceptCarz
 1922 Pilot Speedster restored by Wayne County Historical Museum

Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United States
Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of Germany
Motor vehicle manufacturers based in Indiana
1910s cars
1920s cars
Brass Era vehicles
Vintage vehicles
Cars introduced in 1909
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1909
Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 1924


Eyewitness is an album by the Dutch progressive rock band Kayak. The original LP was released in 1981. The album was recorded 'live' (but without audience) in a recording studio, with some overdubs added later. To create a 'live' atmosphere, Kayak fans were invited later to cheer and clap to the already recorded songs. The CD release was transferred from the original tapes, so it doesn't have the audience participation. The album has three new songs: Eyewitness, Who's Fooling Who and Only You And I Know.

The line-up of the band didn't feature background singers Irene Linders and Katherine Lapthorne anymore. After this album, the band broke up, only to reincarnate in 1999.

Track listing

 "Eyewitness" (T. Scherpenzeel/I. Linders) - 3:21
 "Periscope Life" (T. Scherpenzeel) - 4:09
 "Ruthless Queen" (T. Scherpenzeel/I. Linders) - 5:05
 "Want You To Be Mine" (T. Scherpenzeel) - 4:48
 "Lyrics" (T. Scherpenzeel) - 1:59
 "Chance For A Lifetime" (T. Scherpenzeel) - 4:22
 "Who's Fooling Who" (T. Scherpenzeel/I. Linders) - 3:44
 "Irene" (T. Scherpenzeel) - 3:12
 "Only You And I Know" (T. Scherpenzeel/I. Linders) - 3:12
 "Winning Ways" (T. Scherpenzeel/I. Linders) - 3:28
 "Starlight Dancer" (T. Scherpenzeel) - 4:58
 "No Man's Land" (T. Scherpenzeel) - 5:22

Bonus tracks (1994 reissue)

 "The Car Enchanter (Sikkens Song)" (T. Scherpenzeel/I. Linders) - 2:36
 "Ivory Dance '94" (T. Scherpenzeel) - 2:51

Lineup
 Edward Reekers - lead vocals (all but 5, 12)
 Johan Slager - guitars, backing vocals
 Ton Scherpenzeel - keyboards, backing vocals
 Peter Scherpenzeel - bass guitar
 Max Werner - drums, harmony vocals, lead vocals (5, 12), co-lead vocals (11)

External links
Official website

Kayak (band) live albums
1981 live albums


The 1994 Brussels summit was the 13th NATO summit bringing the leaders of member nations together at the same time.  The formal sessions and informal meetings in Brussels, Belgium took place on 10–11 January 1994.

Background
In this period, the organization faced conventional questions about whether a new generation of leaders would be as committed to NATO as their predecessors had been, but events gave those concerns a new spin. In August 1994, NATO air strikes were ordered in an attempt to protect UN safe havens and deter the Bosnia Serbs from further aggression.

Agenda
The general discussions focused on the reaffirmation of alliance readiness to carry out air strikes in support of UN objectives in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Also discussed was the launching of the Partnership for Peace (PfP) initiative in which all North Atlantic Cooperation Council partner countries and members of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) were invited to participate.

Accomplishments
The summit's work was followed by publication of the Partnership for Peace Framework Document.

The summit leaders endorsed the concept of Combined Joint Task Forces (CJTFs) and other measures to develop the European Security and Defence Identity.

See also
 EU summit
 G8 summit

Notes

References
 Thomas, Ian Q.R. (1997).  The Promise of Alliance: NATO and the Political Imagination. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. ;

External links
  NATO update, 1994

1994 in politics
1994 Brussels summit
Diplomatic conferences in Belgium
20th-century diplomatic conferences
1994 conferences
1994 in international relations
1994 in Belgium
1990s in Brussels
Belgium and NATO
January 1994 events in Europe


Llanrug United F.C. are a football team who play in the North Wales Coast West Football League Premier Division. They play home games at Eithin Duon, Llanrug.

Current squad

Staff
 Manager:  Aled Owen
 Assistant Manager:  Kevin Wyn Owen
 Secretary:  Dylan Edwin Jones
 Treasurer:  Iwan Rhys Parry
 Physio:  Alun Pierce
 Reserves Fixture Sec:  Iwan Machno Lloyd
 Reserves Manager:  Phil Lynes

External links
Official Website

Welsh Alliance League clubs
Football clubs in Wales
1922 establishments in Wales
Gwynedd League clubs
Association football clubs established in 1922
North Wales Coast Football League clubs
Caernarfon & District League clubs
Bangor & District League clubs


The John Sinclair Freedom Rally was a protest and concert in response to the imprisonment of John Sinclair for possession of marijuana held on December 10, 1971, in the Crisler Arena at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The event was filmed and released as Ten For Two.

The reason behind the concert was the sentencing of Sinclair, who was given ten years in prison for the possession of two marijuana cigarettes. Shortly after the event, Sinclair was released.

Musical performers

John Lennon
Yoko Ono
Phil Ochs
The Up
Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen
Bob Seger
Stevie Wonder
Archie Shepp
Joy of Cooking
David Peel
Teegarden & Van Winkle

Speakers

Bobby Seale
Jerry Rubin
Allen Ginsberg
Rennie Davis
James Groppi
Sheila Murphy
Johnnie Tillmon
Ed Sanders
Jane Fonda

See also
Cannabis laws in Ann Arbor, Michigan

References

Further reading

External links
Ann Arbor District Library - Freeing John Sinclair: The Day Legends Came To Town.
John Sinclair Freedom Rally graphics. Event posters and flyers.
John Sinclair Freedom Rally

1971 in Michigan
1971 in cannabis
Cannabis in Michigan
Cannabis law reform in the United States
Protests in the United States


Clontarf was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Western Australia from 1968 to 1989. It was located in the southern suburbs of Perth on the Canning River, including such suburbs as Wilson, Bentley, Karawara, Rossmoyne and Shelley. It was a marginal seat but with progressive redistributions lost Labor-voting areas to Victoria Park, Canning and Welshpool, and became substantially safer for the Liberal Party.

Members for Clontarf

Election results

Clontarf
1968 establishments in Australia
Constituencies established in 1968
1989 disestablishments in Australia
Constituencies disestablished in 1989


Harold Lewis Fielding (4 December 1916 - 27 September 2003) was an English theatre producer.

Fielding was one of Britain's foremost theatrical producers who produced several musicals, including Mame, Charlie Girl, Half a Sixpence, Show Boat, Scarlett, Barnum, Sweet Charity, The Biograph Girl, and Ziegfeld. He also produced "Music for the Millions", a touring variety show.

The son of a stockbroker, Fielding was born in Woking, Surrey, England, and educated privately. As a child prodigy, he studied violin with Josef Szigeti. He also handled Tommy Steele's early career, and commissioned Half a Sixpence for him.

His office was Fielding House, 53-54 Haymarket, London.

He was interviewed by Sue Lawley on Desert Island Discs on BBC Radio 4 on 17 June 1990. In 1996, Fielding was awarded a Gold Badge from BASCA in recognition of his special contribution to Britain's entertainment industry.

Fielding married Maisie Joyce Skivens in 1955, and was widowed in 1985. They had no children.

He suffered a series of strokes in 1998, and retired to a private nursing home in Kingston upon Thames, where he died.

References

External links
 The Daily Telegraph obituary
 The Independent obituary
 The Times obituary
 WhatsonStage obituary
The Collection relating to Harold Fielding's production of Cinderella is held by the Victoria and Albert Museum Theatre and Performance Department.

1916 births
2003 deaths
English theatre managers and producers
Impresarios
20th-century English businesspeople


Llanberis F.C. () are a Welsh football club currently playing in the North Wales Coast West Football League Premier Division. Their ground is located in the centre of the village. Their nickname is Y Darans.

History

Llanberis F.C. were founded in 1890. Dr. Robert Herbert Mills-Roberts, a former Preston North End and Wales goalkeeper who graduated as a doctor in July 1887. A few years later he took over the running of the Dinorwic Slate Quarry Hospital, and it was during this time he became one of the founding fathers of Llanberis F.C.

However, Llanberis F.C. have been known as Llanberis United from the early 1900s until 1920 and CPD Locomotive Llanberis from 1980 until 2004 when they were sponsored by the Snowdon Mountain Railway.

Llanberis F.C. former nicknames were: Llanber, Y Blac and Amber, Y Teigars, Locomotives and Y Loco.

References

External links
 Club website
 Facebook
 Twitter

Llanberis
Football clubs in Wales
Welsh Alliance League clubs
1890 establishments in Wales
North Wales Coast Football League clubs
Caernarfon & District League clubs
Gwynedd League clubs
Welsh National League (North) clubs
Bangor & District League clubs
Welsh League North clubs
North Wales Coast League clubs


Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country () is a regional political party in Castilla y León, Spain. PREPAL strives to establish a separate autonomous community (País Leonés or Autonomous Community of País Leonés) for the provinces of Salamanca, Zamora and León, (parts of the old Kingdom of León), now in the Autonomous Community of Castile and León. This movement is known as Leonesism.

PREPAL was founded in 1980 by Francisco Iglesias Carreño.

Other information
List of registered political parties in Spain
List of political parties in Spain
List of active autonomist and secessionist movements

See also
País Leonés
Kingdom of León
Leonese language
Leonese Country

References

External links
  Official page
  Former website
  Former website

Political parties in the Province of León
Regionalist parties in Spain
Political parties established in 1980
1980 establishments in Spain


San Salvador del Valledor (Galician-Asturian: San Salvador) is a parish (administrative division) in Allande, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

It is  in size, with a population of 69.  The postal code is 33887.

Villages and hamlets
 As Grobas
 Barras
 Bustarel
 Collada
 Fonteta
 San Salvador
 Trabaces
 Villalaín (Vilalaín)
 Villanueva (Vilanova)

References

External links
 Allande

Parishes in Allande


Yilgarn-Dundas was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Western Australia from 1977 to 1983.

The district was located in the Goldfields-Esperance region, and was based in Boulder and took in some Kalgoorlie suburbs, while extending west to Coolgardie and Southern Cross, and south to Kambalda and Norseman.

It existed for two terms of parliament, and was represented in that time by Labor member Julian Grill. Following the abolition of Yilgarn-Dundas at the 1983 state election, Grill became the member for Esperance-Dundas.

Members for Yilgarn-Dundas

Election results

Yilgarn-Dundas
Constituencies established in 1977
1977 establishments in Australia
Constituencies disestablished in 1983
1983 disestablishments in Australia


Manuel O. Rodríguez (born January 6, 1985) is a former professional baseball player who is most notable for being on Panama's roster for the 2006 World Baseball Classic. He played in the Atlanta Braves and Toronto Blue Jays farm systems from 2004 to 2009.

Rodríguez began his professional career in 2002, playing in the Dominican Republic until 2003. In 2004, he played for the GCL Braves, hitting .251 in 179 at-bats. For the Danville Braves in 2005, he hit .300 in 250 at-bats and for the Rome Braves in 2006, he hit .258 in 264 at-bats.

Rodríguez wound up in the Blue Jays farm system in 2007, playing for the Auburn Doubledays. He hit .291 with 10 home runs in 282 at-bats. In 2008, he hit .268 in 395 at-bats with the Lansing Lugnuts. In 2009, he played for the Dunedin Blue Jays and hit .263 with nine home runs in 105 games.

In the 2008 Americas Baseball Cup, Rodríguez hit .286.

References

External links

1985 births
Living people
People from Chitré
2006 World Baseball Classic players
Danville Braves players
Rome Braves players
Auburn Doubledays players
Dunedin Blue Jays players
Lansing Lugnuts players
Panamanian expatriate baseball players in the United States


The rainbow skink (Trachylepis margaritifera) is a species of Afro-Malagasy mabuya or skink in the subfamily Lygosominae.

Taxonomy
Mabuya quinquetaeniata margaritifera, formerly a subspecies of Trachylepis quinquetaeniata (the five-lined mabuya, also known as the rainbow skink), was elevated to full species in 1998 (as Trachylepis margaritifera).

Description

T. margaritifera is a medium-sized lizard reaching a length of about . The coloration of this species is quite variable, depending on the gender and the age. The scales are glossy, with metallic reflections. The basic colour is usually olive-brown or dark brown, sometimes with pearly whitish spots and with three light yellow-orange longitudinal stripes running from the head to the electric blue tail. These stripes may fade and become indistinct in the adults.

The head shows a pointed snout and clearly visible ears holes. Just behind the ear opening, there are some black spots. Legs are dark brown, short and strong, with relatively long toes. The flanks are mainly yellowish and the underside of the body is whitish.

Distribution
It is found in southern Africa, from KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa to southern Malawi; isolated populations occur in central to southeastern Tanzania and southern Kenya. It is found in rocky and mountainous regions of these countries.

References

External links
BioLib.cz – Trachylepis margaritifera
Snake-pit
Le terrarium

Trachylepis
Reptiles described in 1854
Taxa named by Wilhelm Peters
Taxobox binomials not recognized by IUCN


Ahmed Ayad () (born 1 January 1986 in Baghdad, Iraq) nicknamed (Iraqi Messi) is an Iraqi footballer who has represented the Iraq national football team, He plays as winger and wingback. He played with Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya in the Asian Champions League and the Arab Champions League.

Honors

Clubs
Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya
 Iraqi Premier League: 2004–05

Erbil
 Iraqi Premier League: 2011–12

Al-Shorta
 Iraqi Premier League: 2012–13

Individual
 Iraq Super League 2007–08 MVP by voting.

References

External links

 Ahmed Ayad at playmakerstats.com
 Ahmed Ayad at Eurosport.com

1986 births
Living people
Iraqi men's footballers
Iraq men's international footballers
Footballers from Baghdad
Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya players
Erbil SC players
2011 AFC Asian Cup players
Al-Shorta SC players
Men's association football wingers


Phyllostegia hispida, the hispid phyllostegia, is an endangered species of flowering plant in the mint family, Lamiaceae.  It is found only in wet forests at elevations of  on the island of Molokai in Hawaii. This green vine's loosely spreading branches often form a large mass.

Conservation
Only ten individual specimens were found between 1910 and 1996. P. hispida was thought to be extinct in 1997, but two seedlings were found at The Nature Conservancy's Kamakou Preserve in 2005. Since 2007, 24 wild plants have been discovered. A total of 238 plants are known to currently exist.

Phyllostegia hispida was classified as endangered by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service in 2009. P. hispida is the second species to be classified as endangered by the Barack Obama administration.

References

Endemic flora of Hawaii
hispida
Plants described in 1888
Flora without expected TNC conservation status


The name five-lined skink can refer to different species of skinks:

 Plestiodon fasciatus, the five-lined skink or eastern red-headed skink of North America
 Trachylepis quinquetaeniata, the five-lined mabuya of Africa

Animal common name disambiguation pages


This is a list of insurance companies in Uganda regulated by the Insurance Regulatory Authority of Uganda:

Non-life insurance companies

 Alliance Africa General Insurance Limited
 Britam Insurance Uganda Limited
 CIC General Insurance Uganda Limited
 East African Underwriters Limited
 GoldStar Life Assurance Company Limited
 NIC General Insurance Company Limited
 Statewide Insurance Company Limited
 The Jubilee Insurance Company of Uganda
 TransAfrica Assurance Limited
 UAP Insurance Uganda Limited

Life insurance companies
 Prudential Assurance Uganda Limited (Acquired Goldstar Insurance in June 2015)
 The Jubilee Life Insurance Company of Uganda
 Liberty Life Assurance Company Limited
 NIC Life Assurance Company Limited
 Sanlam Life Insurance Company Limited
 UAP Life Assurance Uganda Limited
 CIC Africa Life Assurance Limited

Re-insurance companies
 PTA Reinsurance Corporation
 Africa Reinsurance Corporation
 Uganda Reinsurance Company
 Kenya Reinsurance Corporation Uganda

See also
 Banking in Uganda
 Insurance Regulatory Authority of Uganda
 List of companies based in Uganda

References

External links
 Uganda Investment Authority

Financial services companies of Uganda
Insurance Companies


Manjot Singh (born 7 July 1992) is an Indian Bollywood actor, best known for his role in films like Oye Lucky! Lucky Oye!, Student Of The Year and Fukrey. He won Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor for his performance in Oye Lucky! Lucky Oye!.

Early life and education
Manjot Singh was born in New Delhi into a Punjabi Sikh family. His mother is a housewife while his father is a businessman. He completed his schooling from the Hillwoods Academy, located in New Delhi.

Career
He went to audition for Dibakar Banerjee's Oye Lucky! Lucky Oye!, though Singh had never acted before, even in school plays. After the audition, the casting director rejected Singh for the role of the boy who grows up to be master thief Lucky. However, Dibakar Banerjee insisted on casting him, later saying "Even though the casting director wasn't convinced, I just put my foot down."

Critics on Manjot in his debut
 Planet Bollywood: "Young Lucky (played marvellously by Manjot Singh)..."
 Rediff.com: "...young Lucky (brilliantly played by Manjot Singh)..."
 Reviewer Noyon Jyoti Parasara: "...Special mention is deserved by Manjot Singh, who plays the younger Lucky."
 Khalid Mohammad: "And there's Lucky, as a callow teenager (excellently played by Manjot Singh)..."

After being selected, Singh went to Manali for a week-long acting workshop. He was asked to observe the way Abhay Deol walked, smiled and talked so that he could imitate that in his acting. He even wore a cheek pad so that his jaw would look as broad as Abhay Deol's. Singh's performance was well appreciated by the critics and he received the Filmfare Critics Award for the Best Actor category. Later, Manjot participated in the reality show Fear Factor - Khatron Ke Khiladi Level 3 in 2010.

In 2012, Singh starred in Udaan, directed by Vikramaditya Motwane. The film received positive reviews, and is considered a postmodern masterpiece. Later in 2012, Singh signed up for Punjabi musical drama Pure Punjabi, directed by Munish Sharma, about four close friends in Punjab who had a strong passion for music. In the same year, he played the character role of Dimpy in Karan Johar's coming-of-age romantic comedy film, Student of the Year, starring Siddharth Malhotra, Alia Bhatt and Varun Dhawan in the lead roles.

In 2013,  Singh starred in Fukrey, directed by Mrighdeep Singh Lamba, starring Vishakha Singh, Richa Chadda, Priya Anand, Ali Fazal, Varun Sharma and Pulkit Samrat.

In 2019, Singh Starred in Penalty directed by Shubham Singh, Starring Kay Kay Menon, Shashank Arora, Mohit Nain.

Filmography

Films

Television

References

External links

Living people
Male actors from Delhi
Indian male film actors
Male actors in Hindi cinema
Punjabi people
Indian Sikhs
1992 births
Filmfare Awards winners
Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi participants


Santa Coloma (Asturian: Santa Colomba) is a parish (administrative division)  in Allande, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. It is situated  from the capital, Pola de Allande.

The elevation is  above sea level. It is  in size. The population is 59 (INE 2011). The postal code is 33888.

Villages and hamlets
 Arbeyales Bendón (Arbiales)
 Bendón
 Bustel
 Cabral
 El Caleyo
 Is
 Llaneces (Llaeces)
 Meres
 Monón
 Muriellos (Murellos)
 Penouta
 Pontenova (A Pontenova)
 La Porquera (A Porqueira)
 El Rebollo (El Rebollu)
 El Sellón
 Vallinadosa (Valladosa)
 Santa Coloma (Santa Colomba)

External links
 Allande

Parishes in Allande


Tamao (written: 玉緒, 玉男 or 珠緒) is a feminine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:

, Japanese actress
, Japanese actress and voice actress
, Japanese puppeteer
, Japanese freelance announcer

Fictional characters
 Tamao Suzumi, a character in the Strawberry Panic! anime
 Tamao Tamamura, character from Shaman King
Tamao Tomoe, a character from the Revue Starlight franchise

See also
 31061 Tamao, an asteroid discovered on October 10, 1996
 Tamão, 16th century Portuguese settlement in today's Hong Kong

Japanese feminine given names
Feminine given names


Chamberlain-Hunt Academy was a boarding school in Port Gibson, Mississippi. The school was founded in 1830 as Oakland College and closed in 2014.

The campus, with its buildings in brick Georgian Revival style, is listed in the National Register of Historic Places.

History

Early history
Oakland College was founded in Lorman, Mississippi in 1830 by the Reverend Jeremiah Chamberlain and the Presbyterian Church in Mississippi. Oakland closed during the Civil War but was reborn nearby in 1879 in historic Port Gibson, Mississippi as Chamberlain-Hunt Academy .

When the "new" school was founded in Port Gibson in 1879, funds for the new beginning came from both the sale of the Oakland campus and donors. The State of Mississippi paid $40,000 for the campus in order to create Alcorn A&M College, the first land-grant college for African Americans in American history. Alcorn State University thrives in its original location.

The new foundation was named for the Founder of Oakland, the Reverend Dr. Jeremiah Chamberlain (1794-1851) and Mr. David Hunt (1779-1861), a prominent plantation owner in the Antebellum South who had been a generous patron of Oakland over the years. Since he and his family owned 1,700 African-American slaves at one time, it is fitting that the fine old Oakland campus David Hunt did so much to adorn became the locus where freedmen and the sons of freedmen were able to gain higher education supported by the State of Mississippi. Alcorn State thrives today as one legacy of Chamberlain and Hunt.

Several of Chamberlain-Hunt Academy's early faculty hailed from Davidson College, a Presbyterian foundation in North Carolina. The curriculum was traditional college prep.

In 1915, CHA transitioned to the military discipline and was a traditional boys military prep school until 1971, when females were admitted and the military routine greatly relaxed. CHA was transitioning in a way similar to Baylor and McCallie Schools in Tennessee, which became wholly civilian prep schools. CHA retained a Corps of Cadets. In 1996, when persons associated with French Camp Academy in north Mississippi purchased CHA, the trustees returned the school to its all-male, all military, and mostly boarding-student situation. The new owners of the school had a good thing going and put several millions of dollars into the physical plant.

Chamberlain-Hunt was what is termed a regional boarding school. While students always came from far away and overseas, the majority of patrons were families living up and down the Mississippi River, from Memphis to New Orleans. Not a few of the students over the years came from agricultural families living in the Mississippi and Arkansas Deltas, the black-land region around Columbus, Aberdeen, and Starkville, and other fertile farm country in both states and Louisiana. Many students have come from Claiborne County and the River Counties of Mississippi, and River Parishes of Louisiana. Heirs of the original founders of Oakland were attending the school in the 1970s.

The faculty of CHA were prepared to welcome students of different gifts and intellectual levels, successfully preparing boys (and later girls) for the most selective colleges in the United States but giving less talented students a first-class education addressing the whole person. The diversity of the school was limited until the late 1980s, when African Americans matriculated for the first time. For all of its years, Chamberlain-Hunt trained and produced leaders.

Racial segregation and gender integration
In 1971, the school began accepting female students, likely driven by the racial desegregation of public schools. CHA stopped accepting female boarding students in 2002. However, they did allow female students to attend as day students until 2005, after which they stopped accepting additional girls to the school. 2004-05 had a total of 8 female cadets.

Reorganization and closing
The school went into a decline in the 1990s, when enrollment fell to just 22 students ref. One observer remarked that, while McComb Hall had serious deferred maintenance, the Senior Speeches and college admission profile of the Class of 1990 were as impressive as always. In 1996 it was saved from closure by being taken over by French Camp Academy, another Christian (but not military) boarding school in northern Mississippi. However, CHA continued to operate autonomously. At the time, it had approximately 40% ethnic minority enrollment.

On its 125th birthday in 2004, CHA held a Founders' Day Convocation at nearby Alcorn State University (whose premises are on the Academy's original pre-1900 site) with special guest, US Senator Trent Lott.

The school was sold in 2014 to a private individual and did not open for the 2014-2015 session.  The buildings have been repurposed into housing for students at Alcorn State University.  An attempt to raise funds to purchase the school from the Trustees, rename it "Oakland Collegiate School," and proceed as a co-ed college preparatory boarding school did not materialize.

Academics
Chamberlain-Hunt was a member of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS), the Mississippi Association of Independent Schools (MAIS), the Association of Christian Schools International (ACSI), the Association of Military Colleges and Schools of the United States (AMCSUS), and the Association of Classical Christian Schools.

Notable alumni
George Henry Clinton (Class of 1885), member of both houses of the Louisiana State Legislature in first quarter of the 20th century; chemist and lawyer in St. Joseph, Louisiana
Happy Foreman, Major League Baseball player
 Ken Kercheval (b. 1935), actor best known for playing Cliff Barnes in the CBS television drama Dallas
John M. Parker, governor of Louisiana from 1920 to 1924
Major General Martha Trim Rainville, first woman in the history of the National Guard to serve as a state Adjutant General.
 Donald Scott (1894-1980), a career United States Army officer, matriculated at CHA from Woodville in Wilkinson County, Mississippi, and participated in the 1920 and 1924 Olympic games (in the 800 meter run and modern pentathlon, respectively). A multi-sport athlete at Mississippi State University (Mississippi A&M in his day), Scott was the National Collegiate Champion in the 880 run in 1916. This was the first National Champion MSU had produced in any sport. Scott Field at Mississippi State was named for him.

References

External links
Chamberlain-Hunt Academy
History of the CHA buildings in Mary Carol Miller et al., Must See Mississippi, Univ. Press of Mississippi, 2007.
Biography of Jeremiah Chamberlain (1794-1851) at Dickinson College, PA.
Picture of Chamberlain-Hunt Academy Historical Marker board at waymarking.com

Boarding schools in Mississippi
Defunct boys' schools in the United States
Private high schools in Mississippi
Education in Claiborne County, Mississippi
Private middle schools in Mississippi
Preparatory schools in Mississippi
Defunct schools in Mississippi
National Register of Historic Places in Claiborne County, Mississippi
1879 establishments in Mississippi
2014 disestablishments in Mississippi
Educational institutions established in 1879
Educational institutions disestablished in 2014
Port Gibson, Mississippi
French Camp Academy


Deleted – The Game is an interactive web drama developed by indie producers GEN247 about a group of characters who unwittingly become entangled in an identity theft scheme to rig the 2008 US elections. The show's creators combined a 12-webisode drama series with a sprawling interactive social game that allowed the audience to help the show's characters solve problems and puzzles along the way communicating through popular social media like MySpace and Facebook and blogs. In the course of these interactions with the characters, the audience would affect the way events in the story unfolded.

Production
The project was conceived in March 2008, went into production in May 2008. A pre-marketing campaign was released June 2008 quickly finding a following on the ARG site Unfiction. The show was officially launched on 15 August 2008 on the Deleted – The Game website but was widely distributed on a creative commons license sharealike scheme through YouTube, Kewego and iTunes.

Filming took place entirely in the New York environs with audience members noting that a fair number of scenes were filmed in the New York's West Village and Meat Packing District although latter scenes did play out in Brooklyn's Williamsburg neighborhood. There are various accounts of the production budget but the project seems to have been produced on a $1,000 to $2,000 per minute scale.

Reviews

Awards
13th Webby Awards, June 8, 2009 - The title was officially nominated and won the People's Voice Award for Best Experimental Online Film & Video category and was made an official honoree for Best Use of Interactive Video.

14th Webby Awards, June, 2010 - The title was officially nominated for Best Experimental Online Film & Video category and  Best Use of Interactive Video.

References

American drama web series


"Bethena, A Concert Waltz" (copyright registered March 6, 1905) is a composition by Scott Joplin. It was the first Joplin work since his wife Freddie's death on September 10, 1904, of pneumonia, ten weeks after their wedding. At the time the composer had significant financial problems; the work did not sell successfully at the time of publication and was soon neglected and forgotten. It was rediscovered as a result of the Joplin revival in the 1970s and has received acclaim from Joplin's biographers and other critics. The piece combines two different styles of music, the classical waltz and the rag, and has been seen as demonstrating Joplin's excellence as a classical composer. The work has been described as "an enchantingly beautiful piece that is among the greatest of Ragtime Waltzes", a "masterpiece", and "Joplin's finest waltz".

Background and composition

Joplin's principal claim to fame was the publication in 1899 of the Maple Leaf Rag, which became a best-selling instrumental hit, and provided the composer with a steady income for the rest of his life from the royalties. Despite this success early on in his career (he was named as the "King of Ragtime" by numerous contemporaries), he had continued financial problems and never repeated the success of the Maple Leaf Rag. In the fall of 1903, Joplin lost a large amount of money on the national tour of his first opera, A Guest of Honor, when the box office receipts were stolen by an unidentified associate. Joplin's belongings, including the score for the opera, were confiscated for non-payment of his boarding-house bills. The opera is now considered lost, as no copy was registered with the Copyright Office, and none has been found since. Subsequently, Joplin was short of money and is thought to have been actively seeking commissions.

After divorce from his first wife Belle—a "disastrous" relationship underscored by the loss of their infant daughter—Joplin married his 19-year-old second wife Freddie in June 1904. He had dedicated to her his rag The Chrysanthemum which was published in that year. She died on 10 September 1904 of pneumonia ten weeks after their wedding. Joplin's whereabouts are unknown from that point until early 1905, when he returned to St. Louis, Missouri where some of Joplin's known associates, such as pianist Louis Chauvin and musician Joe Jordan, still lived. On 6 March, Joplin registered the copyright of Bethena, A Concert Waltz, and dedicated the work to the otherwise little-known "Mr. and Mrs. Dan E. Davenport of St. Louis Mo". The copyright date is significant because not all Joplin works were registered for copyright purposes and there is a lack of detail about many aspects of Joplin's life, including when many of the pieces were composed.

Biographer Edward A. Berlin speculated that this dedication was unusual because the Davenports were not able to help Joplin professionally by showcasing his work or commissioning more, but was a recognition of the personal support that they had given him through the difficult time after Freddie's death. The origin of the name "Bethena" is a mystery, and the identity of the woman featured on the cover of the work's original publication is unknown. It has been claimed that the image is of Freddie from her wedding day, although positive identification is made more difficult because the photograph on the cover of the piece does not show the subject's race clearly.

The work was published by the "T. Bahnsen Piano Manufacturing Company, St. Louis", a firm which only published two other Joplin compositions. Berlin speculates that at this point in his career, despite the fame brought by the Maple Leaf Rag, Joplin was unable to arrange favorable terms with publishers; for example Joplin announced in July 1905 the completion of the song "You Stand Good with Me, Babe" which was never published, and no copies of the song have ever been found. Bethena was released at a difficult time for Joplin, both emotionally and financially; most of the compositions released in the two and a half years since the death of Freddie had been by little-known and insignificant publishers, were largely unnoticed at the time of publication and, except for Bethena, were not "quality Joplin". Joplin's finances remained in an unsatisfactory state and he wrote several works for hire.

Form

Introduction A BB A CC DD EE A Coda

Bethena has five musical strains in five different keys; G major, B-flat major, F major, B minor, and D major respectively.  The sections are linked by "transitional passages" which enable the work to change key between the strains by means of a chromatic interlude or modulation. Each of the themes is written with the instruction "Cantabile", which means "songlike and flowing in style".

The piece is notated in 3/4 time with the main theme repeated three times in the work as well as in the introduction and the coda. The "sadly poignant", "graceful, wistful" and tenderly nostalgic mood is partly dictated by this main theme, which starts with the melody note A harmonised against a G major chord thus creating a dissonance. In the next measure the theme is set against a different harmony before Joplin creates variations. There are variants of the theme in the "haunting" B minor key of the D strain and in the E strain's D major key which "brightens the mood".

Joplin combines the waltz' "oom-pa-pah" rhythm and its conventionally accented three quarter notes in the bass, with a syncopated melody in the treble. The main melody line used in the introduction and then repeated regularly throughout, with its alternate unaccented eighth notes and accented quarter notes, is the rhythm of the Cakewalk minus the final note. The Cakewalk was a popular African-American dance which originated in plantation slave communities in nineteenth century America, and ultimately contributed to the musical style Ragtime.  The simultaneous sounding of the two independent rhythms, the combination of the waltz in the bass and the syncopation of the main theme in the treble, is an example of a 4 against 3 polyrhythm. There are many subtle variations of this sequence which occur throughout the work.

The left hand follows the standard approach of classical waltzes, with a bass note followed by two mid-range chords, and in addition there are some contrapuntal passages where two melodies move independently but complement each other harmonically. For example, the B and C themes are examples of Joplin employing counterpoint in octaves. The B theme in the key of B-flat major is closely related to the main theme presenting its counterpoint with the bass and the treble melody lines moving in opposite directions (in contrary motion), to each other and then exchanging their melodies (bars 29-30 and 31–32). This pattern repeats itself during the theme. In the opening phrase (bars 77–81) of the "rag-like" C theme in the key of F major, counterpoint is evident with the harmony of the treble moving in contrary motion to the bass line in a similar way to that used in the B section. In the treble, the harmony falls from F to D, while the bass rises from F to G-sharp

Critical reception

It is not clear what the composition's reception was at the time, and the piece's publication by a company which had little previous experience of this endeavour indicate that there was little positive impact on the composer's financial problems. Joplin wanted to be considered as a serious artist, and spoke of his preference for "classical music". Compositions such as Bethena, A Concert Waltz and his operas A Guest of Honor and Treemonisha indicate that he was trying to be taken seriously as a composer. Like many of his other works, Bethena was largely forgotten after Joplin's death from syphilis in 1917. The slow revival and re-discovery of Ragtime and Joplin started in the 1940s, although it concentrated on the rags such as the Maple Leaf Rag, rather than Bethena.

Joshua Rifkin's 1970 LP Piano Rags by Scott Joplin played a part in the Joplin revival of that decade, with sales of over 100,000 in the first year and subsequently becoming Nonesuch Records' first disk to sell over 1 million copies. Bethena was one of the pieces performed on the 1972 follow-up, Volume 2. The Billboard "Best-Selling Classical LPs" chart for 28 September 1974 has the first record at number 5, with the follow-up "Volume 2" at number 4, and a combined set of both volumes at number 3. Separately both volumes had been on the chart for 64 weeks. In 1979 New York Magazine wrote that by giving artists like Rifkin the opportunity to put Joplin's music on disk Nonesuch Records "created, almost alone, the Scott Joplin revival".

The composition was featured on the soundtrack to the 2008 Hollywood film The Curious Case of Benjamin Button. The performance of the composition by the pianist Randy Kerber was described by one critic on National Public Radio as "letting the inherent wistfulness of the music emerge", with the piece "perfectly suited" to the movie as it was a "tender and heartfelt remembrance of a love lost".

Joplin biographer Edward A. Berlin believed that Bethena was "an enchantingly beautiful piece that is among the greatest of ragtime waltzes" because of the repeated main theme in G major, the contrapuntal passages, and the harmonies. Another biographer, Rudi Blesh, wrote that the work was a "masterpiece", thanks to its rhythmic variations, the beauty of each strain's melodies and the richly scored harmony, especially when considered in comparison to the unsyncopated light salon style of Binks Waltz published in the same year. In another publication, Blesh described the work as "Joplin's finest waltz".

Other critics have praised the piece, with the author of a survey of American music noting that the rhythms of the waltz and ragtime combined to produce an "ingenious and delightful example of such a stylistic accommodation", showing that the composer was an "adventurous classicist par excellence" because he was able to combine tradition and innovation in a consistently inventive way. Another critic, the arranger of Joplin's music for solo Guitar, wrote that Bethena displayed Joplin's characteristic syncopated style in a "seductive" manner even in the waltz's 3/4 time signature.

See also
List of compositions by Scott Joplin

References

Bibliography

External links
Copy of the original edition score
"Bethena" - from the Mutopia Project; musical score and MIDI file
Youtube video of "Bethena" being played.

Compositions for solo piano
1905 compositions
Waltzes
Rags by Scott Joplin
Piano compositions by American composers
Music of St. Louis
African-American music


Wang Hongliang () (born 14 January 1985) is a Chinese football player as a midfielder.

Club career

Shanghai Shenhua
Wang Hongliang started his football career with top tier side Shanghai Shenhua after he graduated from their youth team in the 2005 Chinese league season where he would make his debut against Changsha Ginde on 2 July 2005 which saw Shanghai win 6-1. Throughout the rest of the season Wang would be used sparsely to gain more playing time, his progression would continue throughout the rest of 2006 league season where he played a larger role throughout Shenhua's campaign and eventually played in fifteen league games throughout the campaign.

At the beginning of the 2007 league season the introduction of several midfielders from the emergence of Shanghai United saw many players dropped, yet despite a drop in playing time Wang was still able to make an impact by starting in several league games for Shanghai. With a fresh start at the beginning of the 2008 league season, which saw the overhaul of many players Wang could continue to remain as a squad player and predominantly be used as a substitute for Shenhua.

Shenzhen Ruby
The following seasons at Shenhua saw Wang unable to gain significantly more playing time and would go on to miss much of the 2010 league season through injury, this saw the club release Wang before he joined top tier club Shenzhen Ruby with team mate Chen Lei. His time at Shenzhen was a huge disappointment and due to a knee injury he missed the entire league season while the club were relegated, which ultimately saw the club decide to let Wang join second tier club Chongqing Lifan.

References

External links
Player profile at Sina.com
Player stats at Football-lineups.com
Player stats at Fifa.com
Player stats at Sohu.com

1985 births
Living people
Chinese men's footballers
Footballers from Shanghai
Shanghai Shenhua F.C. players
Shenzhen F.C. players
Chongqing Liangjiang Athletic F.C. players
Chinese Super League players
China League One players
Men's association football midfielders


Obshchepit (, abbreviated from общественное питание, "public foodservice", "communal dining") was an industry in the former Soviet Union which handled food service  via a system of "public eating establishments": diners, cafeterias, restaurants, etc.

According to the latest All-Union Classification System of the National Economy, obshchepit was under the category "Trade and public foodservice".

References

Economy of the Soviet Union
Soviet culture

ru:Общественное питание#Общепит в СССР