Away We Go is a 2009 American comedy-drama directed by Sam Mendes and written by Dave Eggers and Vendela Vida. The film's two leads are John Krasinski and Maya Rudolph. It is Mendes's first film without Thomas Newman's collaboration.

Plot
Verona De Tessant and Burt Farlander, are in their early thirties in the Denver area and struggling to meet daily needs and build fulfilling lives. Learning they will soon become parents, they are confronted with the challenge of how – and where – to raise a child and build a happy family.

Six months into Verona's pregnancy, they visit their only family in the area, Burt's parents, Gloria and Jerry, only to find they are moving to Antwerp, Belgium, a month before the baby is due. They will be gone for two years and they have already rented their place to another couple, despite Burt's and Verona's situation.

Frustrated with his parents' selfishness and careless attitude, Burt and Verona decide this is an opportunity to find somewhere else to raise their family, as they both can work from home and live wherever they choose.

They first visit Phoenix, Arizona, to see Verona's old boss Lily, her husband Lowell, and their two children. Burt in particular is disturbed by the couple's crass and mean-spirited behavior toward one another and their children.

Burt and Verona next visit Verona's sister Grace, in Tucson. Verona urges Burt to try to persuade Grace to stay with her boring boyfriend. When Burt takes a call and displays his trademark humor, Grace tells Verona that she is lucky to have him and Verona agrees.

They next visit Burt's childhood friend and pseudo-cousin in Madison, Wisconsin, "LN" (pronounced "ellen"), a college professor at the University of Wisconsin with inherited money and radical views about parenting. They bring a stroller as a gift, greatly angering LN as she and her husband Roderick's is a "continuum home."

Roderick's condescension and LN's backhanded compliments to Verona get to be too much for Burt, so he tells them they are horrible people. He and Verona leave but not before taking their son on a wild stroller ride through the house (which he enjoys).

Burt and Verona then visit old college friends in Montreal, Tom and his wife, Munch Garnett, and their diverse family of adopted children. Verona and Burt are happy to have found a loving family and a nice town, deciding to move to Montreal. When they all go to dinner, Burt admits he has proposed to Verona many times, but she always refuses (this stems from anguish over her dead parents' inevitable absence from the wedding). After dinner, Tom tells Burt that Munch has recently suffered her fifth miscarriage and that they seem unable to have biological children.

In the morning, Burt receives an emergency call from his brother Courtney, in Miami, whose wife has left him. Burt and Verona fly to Miami, where Courtney worries about his young daughter and the potential effects of a divorce on her. Burt tries to comfort Courtney while Verona spends time with his daughter. Burt and Verona spend the night outside on a trampoline, promising to love each other and their daughter and have a happy home.

The next day, Verona tells Burt a story about her childhood house and her parents (who were both killed in a car crash when she was 22). Moved by her memory, they decide to settle in Verona's old family home on the Florida Panhandle. Realizing it is the place for them, they sit together happily, overlooking the water.

Cast

 John Krasinski as Burt Farlander
 Maya Rudolph as Verona De Tessant
 Carmen Ejogo as Grace De Tessant
 Jeff Daniels as Jerry Farlander
 Catherine O'Hara as Gloria Farlander
 Allison Janney as Lily
 Jim Gaffigan as Lowell
 Maggie Gyllenhaal as LN
 Josh Hamilton as Roderick
 Melanie Lynskey as Munch Garnett
 Chris Messina as Tom Garnett
 Paul Schneider as Courtney Farlander

Release
Away We Go had a limited theater release in the United States starting June 25, 2009. It opened the 2009 Edinburgh International Film Festival in Edinburgh, Scotland. The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on September 29, 2009.

Critical reception
On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 67%  based on 187 reviews, with an average rating of 6.57 out of 10. The critical consensus reads, "Built on a set of quirks and charms that are as noticeable as they are interchangeable, Away We Go is a sweet but uneven road trip". Metacritic reported the film had an average score of 58 out of 100, based on 33 reviews.

A. O. Scott of The New York Times described the two main characters as self-righteous people "aware of their special status as uniquely sensitive, caring, smart and cool beings on a planet full of cretins and failures".

In response to reviews "accusing Verona and Burt of being smug, superior and condescending," Roger Ebert said that "these are not sins if you have something to be smug about and much reason to condescend."  He gave the film three-and-a-half out of four stars.

Soundtrack
The soundtrack of Away We Go was released on June 2, 2009, and primarily features songs from singer/songwriter Alexi Murdoch, instead of an original film score.

(All songs by Alexi Murdoch except where noted)
 "All My Days" (4:57)
 "Orange Sky" (6:18)
 "Blue Mind" (5:45)
 "Song for You" (4:38)
 "Breathe" (4:18)
 "Towards the Sun" (4:40)
 "Meet Me in the Morning" by Bob Dylan (4:21)
 "What Is Life" by George Harrison (4:24)
 "Golden Brown" by The Stranglers (3:30)
 "Wait" (5:59)
 "Oh! Sweet Nuthin'" by The Velvet Underground (7:28)
 "The Ragged Sea" (3:19)
 "Crinan Wood" (5:45)
"All My Days" was featured in the film's trailer.

References

External links

2009 films
2000s road comedy-drama films
American road comedy-drama films
Big Beach (company) films
Films about dysfunctional families
Films directed by Sam Mendes
Films set in Miami
Films set in Montreal
Films set in Phoenix, Arizona
Films set in Tucson, Arizona
Films set in Madison, Wisconsin
Films shot in Colorado
Films shot in Connecticut
Films shot in Florida
American pregnancy films
Films with screenplays by Dave Eggers
Films about parenting
2000s English-language films
2000s American films


Wikirank.com was a website that tracked the popularity of Wikipedia articles. It was designed by Small Batch Inc, and acquired in March 2010.

Announced on 26 March 2009, Wikirank sifted through gigabytes of Wikipedia's publicly available traffic data and presents it in an intuitive interface. The homepage showed which Wikipedia articles were currently the most read, and which pages were gaining in popularity. The tool exposed how often a specific Wikipedia page had been viewed, and graphed those pageviews over time. It has been compared to Compete.

Service was terminated in 2010.

Acquisition
In March 2010, it was announced that Wikirank had been bought by Brizzly, to become part of 'The Brizzly Guide'.

References

External links
Official site (Offline)

History of Wikipedia
Internet properties established in 2009


Celista is a small community located along the north shore of Shuswap Lake in British Columbia, Canada.

The local school is North Shuswap Elementary school, which has grades one to eight and has an annual enrollment of just over 100 students.
In recent years the exploding tourism industry has taken over and the majority of the residences are now owned for summer use only. Local residents have notable self pride and most are employed by local cash crops ranging in species. Other notable establishments within the community include: Celista Hall, used to host local meetings as well as the "coffee house" (a display of local musical talent) throughout the year. The Hall is also home to the Farmers Market during the summer season. The area also holds a variety of hiking and walking trails including the Onyx Falls trail.

Name origin
The name is an adaptation of that of William Selesta, "the last of the Indian doctors", of the Neskonlith reserve, who died in 1948 near the age of 100. The name was originally applied to Celista Creek and used for the name of the settlement by one of its first residents.

Climate

See also
List of place names in Canada of Aboriginal origin

References

Designated places in British Columbia
Shuswap Country
Populated places in the Columbia-Shuswap Regional District


Count of Assumar was a Portuguese title of nobility granted, on 30 March 1630, by King Philip III of Portugal, to D. Francisco de Melo, son of Constantino de Bragança, a junior member of the House of Cadaval.

As Francisco de Melo supported the  right of the Habsburgs to the Portuguese throne, even after their expulsion on 1 December 1640, the county returned to the Crown, and it was granted, again, by Prince Regent Pedro (who later became Peter II of Portugal) to D. Pedro de Almeida, on 11 April 1677.

List of the Counts of Assumar
First Creation
Francisco de Melo

Second Creation
 Pedro de Almeida (1630–1679)
 João de Almeida Portugal (1663–1733)
 Pedro Miguel de Almeida Portugal e Vasconcelos (1688–1756), also 1st Marquis of Alorna
 João de Almeida Portugal (1726–1802), 2nd Marquis of Alorna
 Pedro de Almeida Portugal, 3rd Marquis of Alorna (1754–1813), 3rd Marquis of Alorna
 João de Almeida Portugal (1786–1805)
 Miguel de Almeida Portugal (1787–1806)
 Leonor de Almeida Portugal, 4th Marquise of Alorna, known as Alcipe (1750–1839), 4th Marchioness of Alorna.

Family name
The Counts of Assumar family name was Almeida Portugal, once the 1st Count, D. Pedro de Almeida, descended through his paternal grandfather from the Almeida family (Counts of Abrantes) and through his paternal grandmother from the Portugal family (Counts of Vimioso).

See also
List of countships in Portugal
Marquis of Alorna

External links
Genealogy of the Counts of Assumar, in Portuguese

Bibliography
”Nobreza de Portugal e do Brasil" – Vol. II, pages 328/329. Published by Zairol Lda., Lisbon 1989.

Countships of Portugal
1630 establishments in Portugal


CCGS Sipu Muin is a Canadian Coast Guard Type 400 AP1-88 air cushion vehicle (ACV) or hovercraft based at CCG Hovercraft Base Trois-Rivières in Trois-Rivières, Quebec. The vessel was launched and completed in 1998 and entered service the same year. Sipu Main is predominantly used for icebreaking, search and rescue, and for servicing navigational aids in the Lower Saint Lawrence River and St. Lawrence Seaway.

Description
Sipu Muin is a Type 400 BHC AP1-88/400 air cushion vehicle (ACV) or hovercraft, the first of two vessels constructed for the Canadian Coast Guard. Sipu Muin, which was constructed out of aluminium, has a standard displacement of  standard and  at full load and measures . The hovercraft is  long with a beam of . The vessel has a main deck cargo capacity of  and a well deck measuring , serviced by a Polar Crane  crane.

The ACV is powered by four Caterpillar 3416 TTA diesel engines turning two controllable-pitch propellers creating . Sipu Muin has a maximum speed of  and a cruising speed of . The vessel has a range of  with the endurance of one day. The hovercraft has a complement of 7 with two officers.

Construction and career
The contract to build Sipu Muin and sister ship  was awarded in May 1996 to GKN Westland. The two hovercraft were built by Hike Metals & Shipbuilding Limited at their yard in Wheatley, Ontario. Sipu Muin was launched in 1998 and completed in August of that year. At the time of construction, Sipu Muin and Siyay were the largest diesel-powered hovercraft in the world. The name Sipu Muin is taken from the Miꞌkmaq phrase meaning "river bear". Sipu Muin entered service in 1998 and is based at Trois-Rivières, Quebec. Sip Muin is predominantly used for icebreaking duties in the Saint Lawrence River and St. Lawrence Seaway along with servicing navigational aids and search and rescue duties. The vessel is registered in Ottawa, Ontario.

Beginning on 10 May 2016, the ACV underwent a six-month refit at Réparations Navales et Industrielles Océan in Quebec City, Quebec. The modernization included hull repairs and modifications to the pilothouse. The electronic navigation suite was upgraded and the fuel bladders and skirting replaced.

See also
 List of equipment of the Canadian Coast Guard

Notes

Citations

References

Hovercraft of the Canadian Coast Guard
Ships built in Ontario
1998 ships
Trois-Rivières
Ships of the Canadian Coast Guard


Close to Home, is the second novel by English author Deborah Moggach, first published in 1979 by Collins. It is mentioned in the 6th edition of the Bloomsbury Good Reading Guide. Like her first novel You Must Be Sisters it is semi-autobiographical and relates to a time when she was living in Camden Town with two small children, a husband who was often away on business, and struggling to write a novel.

Plot introduction
The book is set in the long hot summer of 1976 in a suburban London street and concerns the occupants of two adjacent houses. In one lives Kate Cooper who struggles with her two young children and the domestic chores whilst keeping up appearances for her high-flying husband who works as a eurocrat in Brussels, spending little time at home.  In the other lives Sam Green is struggling to write a novel whilst his wife goes out to work running a psychiatric practice and his angst-ridden teenage daughter binge eats in her bedroom.  Kate and Sam are drawn together whilst their families are seemingly unaware...

Reception
'Funny, affectionate and unpretentious…always a pleasure to read. Moggach has acute things to say about young married life, about looking after children, about the secret places behind noisy North London streets.' (New Statesman, Mar 30, 1979)

Publication history
1979, UK, Collins, , Pub date 29 Mar 1979, Hardback
1980, UK, Coronet, , Pub date 01 Nov 1980, Paperback
1986, UK, Penguin, , Pub date 30 Oct 1986, Paperback
1993, UK, Isis, , Pub date Sep 1993, Audio cassette, read by Garard Green
1998, UK, Arrow, , Pub date 21 Oct 1998, Paperback
2001, US, Thorndike, , Pub date Nov 2001, Paperback
2002, UK, Chivers, , Pub date 01 Feb 2002, Large print (h/b)
2002, UK, Chivers, , Pub date 01 Nov 2002, Large print (p/b)

References

External links
 Author webpage

Novels set in London
1979 British novels
Novels by Deborah Moggach
British autobiographical novels
Fiction set in 1976
Novels about writers
William Collins, Sons books


In mathematics, the Hilbert metric, also known as the Hilbert projective metric, is an explicitly defined distance function on a bounded convex subset of the n-dimensional Euclidean space Rn. It was introduced by  as a generalization of Cayley's formula for the distance in the Cayley–Klein model of hyperbolic geometry, where the convex set is the n-dimensional open unit ball. Hilbert's metric has been applied to Perron–Frobenius theory and to constructing Gromov hyperbolic spaces.

Definition

Let Ω be a convex open domain in a Euclidean space that does not contain a line. Given two distinct points A and B of Ω, let X and Y be the points at which the straight line AB intersects the boundary of Ω, where the order of the points is X, A, B, Y. Then the Hilbert distance d(A, B) is the logarithm of the cross-ratio of this quadruple of points:

The function d is extended to all pairs of points by letting d(A, A) = 0 and defines a metric on Ω. If one of the points A and B lies on the boundary of Ω then d can be formally defined to be +∞, corresponding to a limiting case of the above formula
when one of the denominators is zero.

A variant of this construction arises for a closed convex cone K in a Banach space V (possibly, infinite-dimensional). In addition, the cone K is assumed to be pointed, i.e.  K ∩ (−K) = {0} and thus K determines a partial order  on V. Given any vectors v and w in K \ {0}, one first defines

The Hilbert pseudometric on K \ {0} is then defined by the formula

It is invariant under the rescaling of v and w by positive constants and so descends to a metric on the space of rays of K, which is interpreted as the projectivization of K (in order for d to be finite, one needs to restrict to the interior of K). Moreover, if K ⊂ R × V is the cone over a convex set Ω,

then the space of rays of K is canonically isomorphic to Ω. If v and w are vectors in rays in K corresponding to the points A, B ∈ Ω then these two formulas for d yield the same value of the distance.

Examples

 In the case where the domain Ω is a unit ball in Rn, the formula for d coincides with the expression for the distance between points in the Cayley–Klein model of hyperbolic geometry, up to a multiplicative constant.
 If the cone K is the positive orthant in Rn then the induced metric on the projectivization of K is often called simply Hilbert's projective metric. This cone corresponds to a domain Ω which is a regular simplex of dimension n − 1.

Motivation and applications

 Hilbert introduced his metric in order to construct an axiomatic metric geometry in which there exist triangles ABC whose vertices A, B, C are not collinear, yet one of the sides is equal to the sum of the other two — it follows that the shortest path connecting two points is not unique in this geometry. In particular, this happens when the convex set Ω is a Euclidean triangle and the straight line extensions of the segments AB, BC, AC do not meet the interior of one of the sides of Ω.
 Garrett Birkhoff used Hilbert's metric and the Banach contraction principle to rederive the Perron–Frobenius theorem in finite-dimensional linear algebra and its analogues for integral operators with positive kernels. Birkhoff's ideas have been further developed and used to establish various nonlinear generalizations of the Perron-Frobenius theorem, which have found significant uses in computer science, mathematical biology, game theory, dynamical systems theory, and ergodic theory.
 Generalizing earlier results of Anders Karlsson and Guennadi Noskov, Yves Benoist determined a system of necessary and sufficient conditions for a bounded convex domain in Rn, endowed with its Hilbert metric, to be a Gromov hyperbolic space.
 C. Vernicos and C. Walsh showed that balls in the Hilbert Metric and asymptotic balls are approximately equivalent up to constant factors.
 C. Vernicos and C. Walsh, then expanded upon by David Mount and Ahmed Abdelkader, showed that balls in the Hilbert Metric and Macbeath regions are approximately equivalent up to constant factors.

References

Metric geometry


Albert Victor Pearson (6 September 1892 – 24 January 1975) was an English footballer who played as a forward for Sheffield United, Port Vale, Liverpool, Llanelli, Rochdale, Stockport County and Ashton National Gas. His son-in-law, George Heppell, and great-great-grandson, Tom Conlon, also played for Port Vale.

Career
Pearson played for Hebburn Argyle and Sheffield United before joining Port Vale in the summer of 1914. He was a first team regular during the war years and was a member of the side that won the North Staffordshire Infirmary Cup in 1915. The club went into abeyance due to war concerns during the 1915–16 and 1916–17 seasons, but he continued his first team duties at The Old Recreation Ground upon the club's re-forming. He was sold to First Division side Liverpool in January 1919, however Sheffield received some of the fee as they claimed he was still on their books, despite him leaving them five years previous. He missed only nine games in his second season for the "Reds", but fell out of favour at Anfield the next season. He went back to Port Vale in May 1921 and regained his first team place, and played 19 Second Division games before he picked up an injury in February 1922 and was released at the end of the season. He moved on to Llanelli, Rochdale, Stockport County and Ashton National Gas.

Personal life
His son-in-law, George Heppell, played for Port Vale between 1937 and 1952, whilst his great-great-grandson, Tom Conlon, joined the club in 2018.

Career statistics
Source:

Honours
Port Vale
North Staffordshire Infirmary Cup: 1915

References

Sportspeople from Tynemouth
Footballers from Tyne and Wear
English men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Sheffield United F.C. players
Port Vale F.C. players
Liverpool F.C. players
Llanelli Town A.F.C. players
Rochdale A.F.C. players
Stockport County F.C. players
Ashton National F.C. players
English Football League players
1892 births
1975 deaths


This is a list of venues used for professional baseball in the Minneapolis – Saint Paul, Metro Area. The information is a compilation of the information contained in the references listed.

Minneapolis

Blue Stocking Park
Minneapolis Blue Stockings / Browns - independent 1876; League Alliance (1877 part)
Location: 8th Street and about 20th Avenue South

name unknown
Home of: Minneapolis Millers - Northwestern League (1884 part)
Location: 17th Street South; 6th (now Portland) Avenue South; 7th (now Park) Avenue South
Currently: near or under I-35W and I-94

South Minneapolis Grounds
Home of:
Minneapolis Millers - Northwestern League (1886-87 part)
Minneapolis Minnies - Western Association (1888 part)
Location: described as "in the vicinity of the Milwaukee Road shops bounded by 28th and 30th [now Lake] Streets; and 24th and 26th Avenues in south Minneapolis." The location of the railroad shops is given in city directories as Minnehaha Avenue and 26th Street, which is north-northwest of that site.

Athletic Park
Home of: Minneapolis Millers Western Association/League (1889-96-mid)
Location: 6th St North (third base); 5th Street North (right field); 1st Ave North (left field); Hennepin Avenue (first base); catty-corner to the eventual Target Center site.

Minnehaha Driving Park
Home of:
St. Paul Western League (1895 two Sunday games)
Minneapolis Millers Western League (1896–1899, 1901)
Minneapolis American Association (1902–1910 Sundays only)
Location: Minnehaha Avenue (west); sources give the other boundaries variously as "near East 36th"; "between 36th and 37th"; and "between 34th and 38th". Contemporary maps show "Driving Park" race track as east of Minnehaha, with one straightway bordering 37th Street to the south. 34th Street (north) and 46th Avenue South (east) are the other borders of the property.
Opened for horse racing and other public functions in 1888. Closed in the early 1900s.
Currently: Residential

Nicollet Park
Home of:
Minneapolis Millers - Western League (mid-1896-1899) / American League (1900)
Minneapolis Millers - American Association (1902-55)
Minneapolis Roughriders - Northern League (1913 only)
Minneapolis Millerettes - All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (1944 only)
Location: Nicollet Avenue (east, right field); 31st Street (south, first base); Blaisdell Avenue (west, third base); Lake Street (or 30th Street) (north, left field)
Currently: Bank and other offices and housing

Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome
Home of: Minnesota Twins - AL (1982-2009)
Location: 900 5th Street South; 4th Street South (northeast, left field); Chicago Avenue/Kirby Puckett Way (northwest, third base); 5th and 6th Streets (southwest, first base); 11th Avenue South (southeast, right field)
Currently: Demolished 2014; U.S. Bank Stadium opened on the site in September, 2016

Parade Stadium
Home of: Minneapolis Millers – Great Central League (1994 only)
Location: Dunwoody Boulevard (north, left field); Minneapolis Sculpture Garden and Lyndale Avenue South (east, right field); Kenwood Parkway (south, first base); Parade Park soccer field and Stadium Parkway (west, third base)

Target Field
Home of: Minnesota Twins - AL (2010-present)
Location: 3rd Avenue North (southeast, right field, across from Target Center); 5th Street North (northeast, left field); 7th Street North (southwest, first base); Hennepin Environmental Recovery Center [garbage incinerator] and 6th Avenue North (northwest, third base); segment of 3rd Avenue North, to the southwest of the ballpark, renamed "Twins Way"; address styled as "1 Twins Way"

St. Paul

Red Cap Park
Home of: St. Paul Red Caps - independent (1876), League Alliance (1877 part)
Location: "across the [Mississippi] river and south of downtown" - i.e. the "West Side"
Currently: Commercial / Industrial

Fort Road Grounds or West Seventh Street Park (I)
Home of: St. Paul Saints/Apostles - Northwestern League / Union Association (1884)
Location: St. Clair Avenue (north); Duke Street (east); Chicago Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad and Grace Street (south); Oneida Street (west); a short block northwest of West Seventh Street aka Fort Road
Currently: Residential

St. Paul grounds or West Seventh Street Park (II)
Home of: St. Paul Saints - Northwestern League (1886)
Location: Grace Street and Chicago Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad (north); Toronto Street (east); Jefferson Avenue (south); Warsaw (now Osceola) Avenue (west); a short block northwest of Seventh Street West; two short blocks and across the tracks west of first West Seventh Street Park site
Currently: Residential

West Side grounds (I)
Home of: St. Paul Saints - Northwestern League (1887)
Location: Eaton Street, between Chicago Avenue (north) and Plato Avenue (south, on the "West Side" (the west bank of the Mississippi River). Chicago Avenue was erased in later redevelopment, along with Indiana and Fairfield. Fillmore, the next street north, still remains.
Currently: Commercial / Industrial

State Street grounds aka Athletic Park aka West Side grounds (II)
Home of:
St. Paul Apostles - Western Association / Western League (1888–1891)
St. Paul Apostles - Western League (1895–1896) (Sundays only)
Location: State Street and Eaton Street, on the "West Side". Contemporary city directory gives the location as "State Street Station Chicago St. Paul and Kansas City Railway". The rail lines were just west of, and parallel to, Eaton. The point where State crosses Eaton is about three blocks south-southwest of the other Eaton Street site. Both were in the Mississippi flood plain, and early season games for the 1888 club had to be relocated.
Currently: Commercial / Industrial

name of ballpark unknown
St. Paul Apostles - Western League (1892 part)

Dale and Aurora grounds or just Aurora park aka "Comiskey's Park"
Home of: St. Paul Saints - Western League (1895-96)
Location: Aurora Avenue (north), Dale Street North (east), Fuller Avenue (south), St. Albans Street North (west)
Currently: Residential

Lexington Park
Home of:
St. Paul Saints - Western League (1897-99)
St. Paul Apostles/Saints/Senators/Saints - American Association (1902-56) (Sundays only during the "Pill-box" years)
St. Paul Bronchos - Northern League (1913 part)
Location: Lexington Parkway (east); University Avenue (north); Fuller (south); Dunlap (west)
Home plate: southwest corner (1897); northwest corner (1916)
Currently: Retail businesses

Downtown ball park aka "The Pill-box"
Home of:
St. Paul Saints AA (July 20, 1903 - end of season 1909) for weekday games
Location: Robert Street (northeast, first base); 12th Street (southeast, third base); Minnesota Street (southwest, left field); 13th Street (now Columbus Avenue) (northwest, right field); about two blocks southeast of the Capitol
Currently: Government buildings

Midway Stadium (I)
Home of: St. Paul Saints - American Association (1957-1960)
Location: 1000 North Snelling Avenue
Currently: Energy Park, an industrial development

Midway Stadium (II)
Home of: St. Paul Saints - Northern League (1993-2005) / American Association (2006-2014)
Location: 1771 Energy Park Drive
Currently: Demolished, being redeveloped

CHS Field
Home of: St. Paul Saints AA (2015-present)
Location: North Broadway Street (southwest, first base); buildings and Prince Street (southeast, right field); Lafayette Freeway / US-52 (northeast, left field); I-94 (north, third base)

White Bear Lake

Leip’s Park
Home of: St. Paul Apostles - Western Association (1888) - first 2 games only; the two Eaton Street sites were under water due to springtime flooding of the Mississippi
Location: somewhere on or near the grounds of the Leip Hotel resort
Currently: Reportedly the site of a White Bear Lake shopping center on Hwy 61

Bloomington

Metropolitan Stadium
Home of:
Minneapolis Millers - American Association (1956-1960)
Minnesota Twins - American League (1961-81)
Location: 8000 Cedar Ave. South (MN-77) (west, first base); I-494 (north, third base)
Currently: Mall of America

See also
Lists of baseball parks

References
Peter Filichia, Professional Baseball Franchises, Facts on File, 1993.
Michael Gershman, Diamonds: The Evolution of the Ballpark, Houghton Mifflin, 1993.

Stew Thornley - Baseball in Minnesota: The Definitive History

External links
Downtown Ballpark on Sanborn map, 1904

External links
Minnesota ballparks
Stew Thornley essays for SABR
Nicollet Park and others
Rich Arpi essay for SABR
Sanborn map including St. Paul downtown park, 1904 - near upper right corner

Minneapolis
Baseball
baseball parks


The 1994 FIBA Women's World Championship was the 12th edition of the FIBA Women's World Championship, an quadrennial international tournament played by women's basketball teams in FIBA. It was hosted in Australia from 2 to 12 June 1994 at five venues with the Sydney Entertainment Centre hosting the finals.

The tournament consisted of 16 nations from five federations who competed through the regional qualifiers to get to the tournament. These teams were divided into four groups for the preliminary round. Based on the results of the Preliminary round, the teams were then resorted into groups for the quarter-final round, with the top two finishers in each Preliminary group placed into quarter-final Groups A and B, and the bottom two finishers placed into Groups C and D. Based on the placement in the quarter-final round, the teams were then sorted into groups of four, each of which played a two-round knockout draw to determine the final standings.

In the semi-finals, Brazil and China made it through to the final defeating the United States and Australia respectively. In what was the first gold medal final appearance for both teams, Brazil took out the title defeating China 96–87. The United States claimed the bronze defeating Australia 100–95.

Venues
The 1994 edition saw four venues host the games. The Sydney Entertainment Centre was the main venue which hosted the second phase and the finals. The other venues hosted one of the first phase groups with the Derwent Entertainment Centre hosting Group A, Clipsal Powerhouse Group B and D with the Silverdome hosting Group C.

Competing nations

Squads

Preliminary round

In the preliminary round, each team played games against the other three teams in its group. The top two teams in each group were then placed into Groups A and B for the quarter-final Round, while the remaining teams were placed into Groups C and D for the quarter-final Round. Teams placed into Groups A and B for the quarter-final Round were eligible for the Championship bracket, while teams placed into Groups C and D finished no higher than 9th place.

Group A

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Group B

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Group C

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Group D

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Quarter-final Round

In the quarter-final Round, each team played games against the other three teams in its group. The top two teams in Groups A and B qualified for the Championship bracket, while the remaining teams from Groups A and B were placed in the bracket to determine places 5 through 9. The top two teams from Groups C and D were placed in the bracket to determine places 9 through 12, and the remaining teams were placed in the bracket to determine places 13 through 16.

Group A

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Group B

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Group C

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Group D

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Knockout stage

Championship bracket

5th through 8th place

9th through 12th place

13th through 16th place

Awards

Final standings

References

External links
1994 FIBA World Championship For Women

1994
1994 in women's basketball
1994 in Australian basketball
basketball
International women's basketball competitions hosted by Australia
Sports competitions in Sydney
June 1994 sports events in Australia
1990s in Sydney


CCGS Waban-Aki was a Canadian Coast Guard hovercraft based at CCG Hovercraft Base Trois-Rivières in Trois-Rivières, Quebec. It was a Type 200 AP1-88 air-cushioned vehicle (ACV) and sister ship to . Its name is derived from the First Nations term Wabanaki meaning "people of the dawn". The hovercraft decommissioned in 2010  and was replaced by . The primary missions of Waban-Aki were icebreaking and performing search and rescue missions in the Saint Lawrence River and its navigable tributaries. Occasionally Waban-Aki performed navigation aid maintenance.

Description
Designated Type 200 by the Canadian Coast Guard (CCG), Waban-Aki was a AP1-88 ACV hovercraft that had a light displacement of  and measured  long with a beam of . The vessel's height with the air cushion inflated was . Waban-Aki was powered by four Deutz diesel engines creating  giving the hovercraft a maximum speed of  and  cruising speed. The vessel was crewed by four personnel including three officers.

Construction and career
After developing operational experience with Voyageur, a prototype hovercraft in service with the CCG, on the Saint Lawrence River the CCG sought to replace the aging hovercraft in 1985. In 1986, the British Hovercraft Corporation offered a variant of its AP.1-88 passenger ferry hovercraft design to Canada which was accepted and construction started at Cowes, England. The vessel was launched and completed in mid 1987. The vessel was commissioned into the CCG on 15 July 1987 as Waban-Aki, a First Nations term meaning "people of the dawn". The hovercraft underwent sea trials before arriving in Montreal, Quebec in August 1987 and began operations in October. Waban-Aki was homeported at CCG Hovercraft Base Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières-Ouest, Quebec - Quebec Region and given the identifier CH-CGC.

Due to the high volume of shipping in the Canadian Saint Lawrence and the requirement to keep the shipping lanes open year round, CCG hovercraft in Eastern Canada are primarily tasked with icebreaking, with secondary tasks such as performing search and rescue missions and navigation aid maintenance. Waban-Aki performed these duties for 22 years before being taken out of service and being replaced by  in 2009.

See also

Citations

References

External links
 Correo Orinoco, Video and text on hovercraft operation on Rio Orinoco, possibly of former Waban-Aki.

Ships built on the Isle of Wight
1987 ships
Trois-Rivières
Ships of the Canadian Coast Guard


Isaiah N. Frazier (1823, Butler, Pennsylvania – June 24, 1864, New York City) was an oil speculator who in 1864 was the first to discover oil in what became Pithole City in Verango County, Pennsylvania. The legendary and largest oil boomtown grew almost overnight, its population reaching 20,000 in 2 years, only to then fall to under 2,000.  Frazier had previously profited from an oil venture at nearby Cherry Run   before he and his partner, James Faulkner, drilled Frazier Well (later renamed U. S. Well) at Pithole.  Frazier formed United States Petroleum with wealthy Wall Street financier, J. Nelson Tappan, who became the company's president.  Pithole was termed "Tappan's Mushroom City" by the New York Times.

Prior to his oil ventures, Frazier was a dry goods merchant in Allegheny City, Pennsylvania; Springfield, Missouri; and Iowa City, Iowa. He was a Presbyterian.

Frazier was the eldest son of James Frazier, a farmer and early settler of Butler County, Pennsylvania, having immigrated from County Armagh, Ireland.   His mother was Maria Niblock, sister of Dr. Rev. Isaiah Niblock, a pioneer Presbyterian minister of Butler and the surrounding area.  Frazier was the great uncle of Rachel Carson, the environmentalist.

He married Keziah Walker, also of Butler.  Frazier died in New York City.

Notes
Babcock, Charles A. (1919). Venango County Pennsylvania, Her Pioneers and People. J. H. Beers & Co., Chicago.

References

External links
Pittsburgh Diary
Tappan's Mushroom City: New York Times Archive

1823 births
1864 deaths
19th-century American businesspeople
American people of Irish descent
Founders of the petroleum industry
People from Butler, Pennsylvania


Claytonia megarhiza is a species of wildflower in the family Montiaceae known by the common names fell-fields claytonia and alpine springbeauty. The specific epithet megarhiza is Greek for "large roots".

Range and Habitat
Claytonia megarhiza is native to western North America from northwestern Canada to New Mexico, where it grows in rock crevices and talus habitats in subalpine and alpine climates. The species is known from summits and slopes of North America's highest mountains including the Redstone Mountains of the Canadian Northwest Territories, disjunct south to the central and southern Rocky Mountains reaching a southern limit in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. In the Wenatchee Mountains of Washington State it is often found on serpentine.

Description
This is a perennial herb growing from a thick, scaly caudex topped with a stem  in length. The fleshy basal leaves form a dense rosette around the caudex. The leaves are often red when young and turn green as they mature, often retaining a dark purple-red edge. The inflorescences arise from within the rosette of leaves, usually around the rosette edges, and produce a dense cluster of two to six white or pinkish flowers. Each petals reaches  in length. Claytonia megarhiza var. nivalis (Wenatchee springbeauty) grows on serpentine soils and has bright violet flowers.

Uses
The rosettes of the leaves and the roots can be eaten as an emergency food.

References

External links

Photo gallery at CalPhotos

megarhiza
Plants described in 1862
Flora of Northern America


The Grange at High Force is a children's novel by Philip Turner, published by Oxford in 1965 with illustrations by William Papas. It was the second book published in the author's Darnley Mills series. Turner won the annual Carnegie Medal, recognising the year's best children's book by a British subject.

The Grange is a former farming estate above Darnley Mills, a fictional mill town in North East England or North Yorkshire, between the moors and the North Sea. It features both comic and dramatic episodes in a contemporary setting with strong links to the past.

In the US it was published by World Publishing Company (Cleveland, Ohio) in 1967 with illustrations by W. T. Mars.

Plot introduction

The story begins about a year after the end of Colonel Sheperton's Clock, the first in the series. The three boys who are the main characters are firm friends, despite their different characters and interests. David, the former lame dreamer, is now entirely recovered from the operation on his leg, and participates fully in the physically active pursuits of his friends. They all attend King Charles II Grammar School. David and Peter are choirboys, but Arthur is temporarily out of the choir as his voice has broken. Much of the story takes place on the moors above the fictional town of Darnley Mills, over the course of a year, from one spring to the next, covering the period of the Admiral's tenancy at Folly Grange. The focus is particularly on the joint activities of the three boys and the men at the Grange. As in the first book, there is also an historically-based mystery to be solved.

Plot summary

The novel opens in All Saints' church in Darnley Mills. Some time ago, Peter constructed a Roman ballista and accidentally broke a window in the church while testing it. Two pigeons, taking advantage of the broken window, built a nest in the nave. "Operation Bird's Nest" is now underway, with Arthur climbing up to remove the nest. The gathered crowd below are (quite unnecessarily) concerned for his safety, except for Miss Cadell-Twitten, who is still seething about the ejection of the birds from the church. Arthur poses in an empty niche, which Mr Pritchard explains once held a statue of the Virgin Mary.

The same day, the three friends set off to explore High Force on the moors, to see the waterfall and the tiny abandoned church of Little St. Mary's. Peter has an accident with his bicycle, aptly named the Yellow Peril. Seeking help at the Grange, they meet the Admiral and Guns, and are fascinated by the ancient ship's cannon on the Grange terrace and the workshop in the cellar where a mill wheel is being constructed to provide reliable electricity. The Admiral is in turn interested to hear about the ballista, and proposes that both weapons should be fired at targets to test their accuracy.

They all go together to look at the church, and find it has been invaded by dozens of birds. It needs re-roofing, and thorough cleaning. They set about the various tasks with energy and enthusiasm, also stumbling on a mystery concerning the statue. Miss Cadell-Twitten hints that she knows the answer, but refuses to tell them because they accidentally frightened her bird Augustus.

Plans to fire the cannon are scotched by the police sergeant, until an opportunity arrives just before Christmas, when they succeed in sinking a makeshift raft. Immediately afterwards, a blizzard starts and they help Mr Ramsgill gather in his scattered flock. An exceptionally heavy snowfall cuts off the moor, and even with a snow plough it is a struggle to return to the Grange through the deep drifts. David, the only one who can manage the snowshoes, checks on Bird Cottage and finds Miss Cadell-Twitten suffering from exposure. Grateful for her rescue, she tells them where to find the statue, which is recovered and returned to All Saints.

The novel ends with a two-gun salute, as the Admiral and Guns set off in the spring in their new boat to explore the coastline of the British Isles.

Characters

Boys

 Peter Beckford, the mechanically-minded schoolboy son of the Rector, always inventing things
 Arthur Ramsgill of Blackrock Farm on the edge of the moor, an expert climber and sheep-handler
 David Hughes, son of a craftsman carpenter, imaginative and attracted to a life at sea

Adults

 The Rector of All Saints church, Peter's father
 Charlie Bastable, "Old Charlie", the verger
 Mr Pritchard, the organist and choirmaster, town chemist and local historian
 Father Ronald, a visiting Franciscan friar
 Sergeant Macintosh, "Rainproof", a stern but amiable policeman
 Miss Cadell-Twitten, "The Twitter", elderly bird-lover who lives in Bird Cottage on the moors, the eccentric owner of neighbouring Folly Grange
 Admiral Sir John Beauchamp-Troubridge, V.C., D.S.O and bar, RN, retired, the temporary tenant of Folly Grange
 "Guns" Kelly, the admiral's man, a former gunner
 Bos'n Jake, a Swedish ex-whaler who runs a ship chandler's-cum-junk shop in Darnley Mills near the river
 Mr Ramsgill, Arthur's father, a moorland sheep farmer
 Mrs Ramsgill, Arthur's mother
 Annie Ramsgill, Arthur's sister

Animals

 Fo'c'sle, the admiral's dog, an Alsatian
 Captain, Mr Ramsgill's hunter, ridden by Arthur and David
 Rob, Arthur's sheepdog
 Augustus, Miss Cadell-Twitten's cock pheasant

Themes and literary significance
The novel has been commended for its sense for community and realistic character portrayal, as well as for being a very funny story. In a 1972 history of British children's novels since World War II, Marcus Crouch summarises, "The Grange at High Force is about bikes and boats, gunpowder, Norman architecture, eighteenth-century social history, birds, ballistics. It is an unpromising hotchpotch but it works". Its unlikely mix of subject-matter, its juxtaposition of the comic and the serious, the characters' forthright approach to work, play and peril, are all "part of the absorbing business of living".

Illustrations
The first edition was illustrated by the pen-and-ink sketches of William Papas, an artist known for his newspaper cartoons. Crouch deprecates the lively caricatures because Turner's fictional characters, although amusing, are not the figures of fun Papas depicts. The US edition was illustrated by Wilton T. Mars in a more conventional style.

See also

References

External links
  —immediately, first US edition

British children's novels
Carnegie Medal in Literature winning works
Novels set in England
1965 British novels
1965 children's books
Oxford University Press books


The Alpine Grizzled Skipper (Pyrgus andromedae) is a species of skipper (family Hesperiidae).

Description
This is a medium-sized Pyrgus skipper with a wingspan of 26–30 mm. The dark brown forewing is marked with a bold pattern of white spots; by contrast the hindwing is plain dark brown with little or no patterning. The underside of the hindwing has two distinctive pale markings close to the dorsum: an elongated streak and a round spot, often likened to an exclamation mark (!). In cases of doubt, an examination of the genitals should be carried out for a reliable determination.

Range
The Alpine Grizzled Skipper is the only boreo-alpine Pyrgus species in Europe. It is found at high altitudes in Europe. This species is found up to fairly high altitudes in the Alps, Pyrenees (rare) and Pirin and also at lower elevations in northern Scandinavia, where its range extends well into the Arctic Circle. It is also known from the Carpathians, southwest Bosnia, southwest Serbia, northwest North Macedonia, Lapland and the border between Norway and Sweden. This is a European endemic species.

Habitat
In the Alps and Pyrenees, its natural habitat is above the tree line in damp, grassy places, often near streams or in bogs. In its Scandinavian range it occurs in areas with dwarf scrubby vegetation and on steep slopes and in rocky areas. It prefers damp habitats and is often found near to water. The main occurrences of P. andromedae are in the Alps in the Sesleria caerulea and Carex firma-dominated grasslands of calcareous locations at the alpine altitude. In low altitudes below 800 m, gravel banks in the alluvial areas of mountain rivers and their peripheral areas are usually occupied. Habitats in the subalpine level are light mountain forests interspersed with poor grass, stony and poor alpine pastures, avalanche lines, rubble heaps, brook banks, feistluras or embankments with pioneer lawns created by road construction.

In the Swiss Alps its height range is  and in the Pyrenees . In Bavaria the species can usually be found at an altitude range of 900 m to 2000 m.

Ecology
P. andromedae occurs in one generation per year throughout its range. The first imagos were observed in Bavaria from mid-May. The main flight time falls from the beginning of June to mid-July, from the first week of August there is only a very small amount of evidence. The phenology is strongly dependent on the spring weather in the mountains. After winters with little snow and extremely warm springs, the phenological maximum was already reached at the end of May. In Bavaria, significantly more individuals have been observed in odd years than in even years.

P. andromedae has a rapid flight, low over the ground. The imagos use various plants as sources of nectar and can also be found in subalpine tall herbaceous meadows, fatty willows or spring swamps when visiting flowers. They use stones, open soil or exposed leaves as seats. The males move into territories to find a partner, preferably on the banks of a stream or in tall herbaceous meadows.

For reproduction, P. andromedae needs well-sunlit stands of Dryas octopetala, which is probably the only host plant. This mainly grows on shallow, humus-poor, base-rich stone and rock soils and is also considered a pioneer species of dormant rock rubble heaps. To lay eggs, the female looks for a suitable leaf with a curved abdomen and attaches the egg individually to the underside of the leaf. The great importance of Dryas octopetala as an egg-laying and host plant for P. andromedae was only recognized recently. For a long time, incorrect information about egg-laying and host plants such as cinquefoil species (Potentilla spp.) was spread, as the pre-imaginal stages or the imagos were probably confused with those of other Pyrgus species (especially Pyrgus cacaliae). The information on mallow (Malva spp.) or Alchemilla spp. is also unreliable. In Bavaria, eggs were laid from mid-June to the end of July on the heavily sunlit Dryas octopetala cushions in rock-strewn terrain.

The eggs are laid individually. The caterpillars spin a silken web and anchor leaves together to make a shelter in which they congregate. They hibernate over winter and pupate in a similar shelter the following spring. A two-year development cycle was observed in the Rätikon (Vorarlberg) above 2000 m. The caterpillar of the first larval stage only eats for a few days and then makes a housing on the leaves of the host plant for the first hibernation, a second hibernation takes place in the pupal stage. When breeding in the lowlands, the caterpillar develops directly into the pupa, which then overwinters. There are also breeding observations, according to which the caterpillars grow at different speeds, so that some overwintered in the second caterpillar stage, another part already overwintered as a pupa.

Conservation
Although some populations of Alpine Grizzled Skipper are in decline (especially in Austria) the IUCN lists the species as being of "least concern" as there are no identifiable threats to it at a continent-wide level. The occurrences are mostly on extensively used alpine pastures or in difficult to access, hardly influenced mountain areas. As for other open land species, in the high-montane and sub-alpine areas, the preservation of extensive pasture use (alpine farming) is a safeguard for the future.

Etymology
"Andromeda" means Andromeda polifolia. As with most Pyrgus species, the species name has nothing to do with the food the caterpillars eat.

References

Whalley, Paul - Mitchell Beazley Guide to Butterflies (1981, reprinted 1992)

External links
European Butterflies
Lepiforum.de
Natural History Museum caterpillar hostplants database

Pyrgus
Butterflies described in 1853
Butterflies of Europe
Insects of the Arctic


WPSB may refer to:

 WPSB-LP, a low-power radio station (99.5 FM) licensed to serve Ocean City, Maryland, United States
 WENN (AM), a radio station (1320 AM) licensed to serve Birmingham, Alabama, United States, which held the call sign WPSB from 2006 to 2009
 Winn Parish School Board in Louisiana


The Utsubo Tennis Center is a tennis complex situated in the Utsubo Park, Nishi-ku, Osaka, Japan. The complex was the host of the HP Open (WTA International tournaments) from 2009 through 2014. The stadium court has a capacity of 5,000 people, second court has a capacity of 500 people.

External links
 Utsubo Tennis Center, wikimapia
 List of tennis stadiums by capacity
 [Utsubo Tennis Center] (Official page in Japanese language)

Tennis venues in Japan
Sports venues in Osaka


The Battle of Blain, also called the Battle of Messac, was  fought on 24 May 843 by the forces of Lambert II of Nantes and Erispoe, prince of Brittany, against Renaud, Frankish Count of Nantes. It arose from Breton resistance to Frankish power within Brittany and disputes over control of the County of Nantes. The defeat of the Franks led to a period of Breton expansionism.

Background
Following the break-up of the Carolingian empire, Nominoe, Duke of Brittany, rebelled against the authority of Charles the Bald and attempted to expand into Frankish territory. When Charles placed Renaud in command of the Frankish border zone as Count of Nantes, he incurred the enmity of Lambert II of Nantes, who believed that he was the rightful heir to the County. Lambert and Nominoe intended to join forces. While Nominoe prepared an army to attack Nantes, Renaud organised the defence of the city. However, when Renaud heard that Nominoe was incapacitated due to an illness he decided to strike first against the Bretons, who were now under the command of Nominoe's son Erispoe. Frankish forces advanced from Nantes to the river Vilaine, hoping to take the Bretons by surprise. Erispoe's troops had arrived at Messac and were in the process of crossing the Vilaine when Renaud launched his surprise attack. Erispoe's advanced force was completely routed, and his main army dangerously weakened.

Battle
Sources differ about what happened next, though all agree that the tables were turned on Renaud by the timely arrival of Erispoe's ally Lambert II. According to one version of events, Erispoe was saved at Messac itself by Lambert, who had gathered soldiers on the borders of the Anjou, and had advanced on the Vilaine to join his forces with Nominoe. He completely surprised Renaud, and made a great carnage. With both armies present, Renaud's troops were nearly surrounded and were destroyed.

However, the Chronicle of Nantes gives a slightly different version of events, asserting that Renaud, believing that he had crushed the Bretons at Messac, gathered his forces to return to Nantes. Arriving at Blain, he stopped to rest his troops. Meanwhile, Lambert had joined Erispoe, and with their combined armies they struck back at Renaud. The Frankish soldiers were lying on the grass near the edges of the river Isac, in complete abandonment, when suddenly Lambert's and Erispoe's armies attacked and destroyed them.

Whichever version is correct, Renaud himself was killed in the aftermath of the battle. A Viking force under Hastein may also have joined the Bretons, though other evidence suggests that they arrived a little while later looking for plunder.

Lambert took control of Nantes, but seems to have been unable to hold it. The Vikings plundered  the city and murdered the bishop, Gohard. The Breton victory was followed by others, leading by 851 to the Treaty of Angers, in which the towns of Nantes and Rennes became possessions of Brittany and Erispoe was granted the title king of Brittany.

Notes

Battles involving the Britons
Blain
Battles involving France
Battles in Pays de la Loire
History of Loire-Atlantique
Military history of Brittany
843
9th century in West Francia
840s conflicts
9th century in France


Julius von Michel (5 July 1843 – 29 September 1911) was a German ophthalmologist born in Frankenthal.

He studied at the Universities of Würzburg and Zurich, and in 1866 served as a military physician in the Austro-Prussian War. From 1868 to 1870 he was an assistant to Johann Friedrich Horner (1831–1886) at the University Eye Clinic in Zurich. During the Franco-Prussian War (1870–71), he again served as a military doctor, and afterwards worked with Gustav Schwalbe (1844–1916) at Carl Ludwig's Physiological Institute in Leipzig.

In 1872 he earned his habilitation in Leipzig, and subsequently became an associate professor of ophthalmology at the University of Erlangen, where in 1874 he gained a full professorship. In 1879 he was named successor to Robert von Welz at the ophthalmology clinic in Würzburg, and later on, he was a replacement for Karl Ernst Theodor Schweigger at the University of Berlin (1900).

Michel is remembered for work involving tuberculosis of the eye, and his pioneer research of central retinal vein occlusion.

Among his written efforts are Lehrbuch der Augenheilkunde (Textbook of ophthalmology, 1890) and Klinischer Leitfaden der Augenheilkunde (Guide to clinical ophthalmology). With Hermann Kuhnt (1850–1925), he founded the journal Zeitschrift für Augenheilkunde.

References
 Pagel: Biographical Dictionary outstanding physicians of the nineteenth century. Berlin, Vienna, 1901, 1134-1135 Sp. Pagel Biographical Dictionary (biography).
 Rare Books Ltd Harteveld

1843 births
1911 deaths
People from Frankenthal
German ophthalmologists
Academic staff of the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
Academic staff of the Humboldt University of Berlin
Academic staff of the University of Würzburg
People from the Palatinate (region)


Love Is the Way is the ninth studio album by Eddi Reader. It was released in the UK on 13 April 2009.

In a special arrangement with record label Rough Trade she sold an exclusive, pre-released and minimally-packaged version of the disc on her autumn 2008 UK tour.

Produced by Reader herself and recorded in a matter of days with her band in Glasgow, the record includes songs written with her longtime writing partner Boo Hewerdine, her life partner John Douglas (of The Trashcan Sinatras), songs from Irish songwriters Declan O'Rourke and Jack Maher, Edinburgh-based Sandy Wright, an Eddi/Fleetwood Mac mashup and a rare Brian Wilson composition.

The album was promoted by a 25-date UK tour starting in April 2009.

Track listing

Personnel
Eddi Reader – vocals
Boo Hewerdine – guitar, mellotron
Alan Kelly – accordion
Roy Dodds – drums
John Douglas – ukulele, acoustic guitar
Kevin McGuire – bass
Jack Maher – guitar
Teddy Borowiecki – piano, Moog, Hammond organ, bass accordion
Stephen Douglas – drums, backing vocals
Roddy Hart – piano
John McCusker – cittern, whistles
Heidi Talbot – harmony singing
Sam Bessa Reader – guitar
Charlie Bessa Reader – guitar
Meg Reader-Thompson – chatter

2009 albums
Rough Trade Records albums


Germaine Monteil was a New York–based French fashion designer and cosmetician who founded the cosmetics and perfume company sharing her name.

Fashion
Born in France in 1898, Monteil moved to the United States in the early 1930s. A high-end dressmaker as well as a cosmetician, she first established herself as a fashion designer. She made classic dresses with flaring circular or pleated skirts and slim silhouettes, and was renowned for her use of prints which appealed to the American market. In 1938, Monteil won a Neiman Marcus Fashion Award in recognition of her influence upon the fashion industry. This was the first year in which the awards were presented. She died in 1987.

Cosmetics & perfumes
In 1936, Monteil founded with her husband, Guy Bjorkman, Germaine Monteil Cosmetiques Corp. as a sideline to her fashion business, offering skin treatments and creams. Her first perfume, Laughter (later renamed Rigolade), came out in 1941. The increasing success of this sideline led to Monteil abandoning fashion design in the late 1940s to focus on perfume and cosmetics. The company was acquired by cosmetics giant Revlon in 1987 from fashion house Yves Saint Laurent. Revlon then sold the brand on to the German company Wilde Cosmetics GmbH in 2006.

Monteil fragrances include:

 1940s:
 Laughter
 New Love
 Nostalgia
 Frou Frou

 1950s:
 Fleur Savage
 Gigolo
 Royal Secret
 Nouvel Amour
 Rigolade

 1990s:
 L'Eau de Monteil (1996)

References

American fashion designers
American women fashion designers
French fashion designers
French women fashion designers
Design companies established in 1936
Manufacturing companies established in 1936
Cosmetics companies of the United States
Companies based in New York City
History of cosmetics
Perfume houses
1898 births
1987 deaths
20th-century American women
20th-century American people
French emigrants to the United States


Changzhou Island, formerly known in English as Dane or , is an island in the Pearl River Delta of China's Guangdong Province. It is now administered as part of Guangzhou's Huangpu District, although the historic Huangpu Island was nearby Pazhou, which forms part of Haizhu District.

Geography
Changzhou is about , of which  is dry land.

History
During the Canton trade, Changzhou was used by Danish crews for repairs and burials. It lay on the eastern side of the Huangpu or "Whampoa" anchorage.

The island was the site of Sun Yat-sen's Whampoa Military Academy  (. 1924) and the 1926 Zhongshan Incident that propelled the academy's commandant Chiang Kai-shek to leadership over the Chinese Nationalists and then all of Warlord China.

Transportation
Changzhou is now linked to Guangzhou's road network by a bridge to neighboring Xiaoguwei and will be served by the Phase II eastern extension of Guangzhou Metro Line 7.

References

Huangpu District, Guangzhou
Islands of Guangzhou
Pearl River Delta


Motown Motion Picture Studios (was known as Michigan Motion Picture Studios and formerly Raleigh Michigan Studios) was located in the Detroit suburb of Pontiac and owned by Motown Motion Pictures LLC . Motown Motion Pictures was owned by Linden Nelson, A. Alfred Taubman and John Rakolta Jr.,  William Morris Endeavor Entertainment and Raleigh Entertainment (10%).

Background
The studios were first developed in 2009 when the state had a generous film tax credit promoted by the governor at the time, Jennifer Granholm. Linden Nelson's son passed on how Michigan's film credits were a big topic of discussion at Cannes Film Festival.

History
Nelson discussed with Ari Emanuel the idea of a Michigan production studio to take advantage of the tax break. Nelson and Emanuel formed Motown Motion Pictures LLC in May 2008. Soon two more investors were brought in to the company: John Rakolta Jr., a head of a commercial construction company, and A. Alfred Taubman. A former GM plant in Pontiac, Michigan, was purchased rather inexpensively in early 2009 for the studio.

Michigan's officials initially considered the studio to be a significant economic engine, since it was intended to establish the state as a legitimate contender in the 12-month-a-year film business. With Pontiac having a high unemployment rate and a financial emergency, the studio was seen as a way to diversify the economy of the city away from General Motors then given a bailout. The company pursued and got various government incentives. The city was pushed, over the objections of the financial manager, to waive property taxes and issued municipal bonds on behalf of the company. The bonds were backed by the state retirement system. The studio got assistance from a federal tax credit program with help from Edward B. Montgomery, the White House assistant for the automobile communities.

The studio was originally to be named Motown Motion Pictures, giving possible confusion with multiple businesses, particularly Motown Records. So in June 2009, the Raleigh Michigan Studios name was selected after Raleigh Entertainment, the company which would be managing the studio. Nelson indicated at that time that Emanuel had 20 pictures lined up to film at the studio. By September 2009, several colleges including Oakland University and Baker College started holding film classes at the studio.

The ground was broken on the studio on July 27, 2010, with the governor and other officials in attendance. The studios opened in summer 2011 and Raleigh Studios of Hollywood took over management of the facility.  Raleigh Studios of Hollywood operated and marketed the studio, totaling   at the Pontiac Centerpoint Business Campus, until August 2012. The first big picture filmed at the studio was Disney's Oz the Great and Powerful.

Gov. Rick Snyder's 2011 rollback of state film credits caused some film producers to bypass the Michigan studio resulting in the studio investors to miss scheduled debt servicing payments and in August 2012 the studio defaulted on the entire $630,000 payment on the bond.

In August 2012, Raleigh Studios ended their management agreement with the studios. The owners of the facility then changed the name to Michigan Motion Picture Studios.

On June 22, 2018, it was announced that the building and the land comprising the studio would be sold to then-Commerce Township-based defense contractor Williams International Co. LLC.  The sale of the property and two adjacent parcels spanning 120 acres was sold for $44 million.

References

External links

American film studios
Companies based in Oakland County, Michigan
Pontiac, Michigan
Entertainment companies established in 2009
2009 establishments in Michigan


Ramblers is the trading name of the Ramblers Association Great Britain's walking charity. The Ramblers is also a membership organisation with around 100,000 members and a network of volunteers who maintain and protect the path network. The organisation was founded in 1935 and campaigns to keep the British countryside open to all.

History

Walking in the countryside, or rambling, became a popular form of recreation in the nineteenth century. For many people living in towns and cities, walking offered a welcome relief from a polluted environment and the stress of daily life in urban areas. Access to the countryside, however, was becoming more of a challenge thanks to the Enclosure movement, with many private landowners closing off their land. In response, the number of walking clubs and groups that campaigned for walkers' rights grew from the mid-nineteenth century to the 1930s.

In 1931, the National Council of Ramblers' Federations was formed because walkers felt that a national body to represent their interests was needed. On 24 April 1932, the Communist-inspired British Workers' Sports Federation, frustrated at the lack of resolve of the newly formed Ramblers, staged a mass trespass of Kinder Scout, the highest point in the Peak District. During the mass trespass, the protesters present scuffled with the Duke of Devonshire's gamekeepers and five ramblers were arrested. The National Council of Ramblers' Federations did not endorse the tactics of the trespassers. This mass trespass is often seen as the pivotal turning point in the history of the Ramblers. In 1934 the Council decided to change its name, leading to the official founding of the Ramblers' Association on 1 January 1935. The first Ramblers Association office was established in Liverpool in 1938. Ten years later the organisation began to employ a secretary, Tom Stephenson, full-time.

On 28 March 1946 the Ramblers' Association incorporated Ramblers' Association Services Limited, this was intended to operate as the commercial wing of the Ramblers' Association; specifically, to manage sales, to provide office services, establish guest houses and to organise walking tours for members at home and abroad. Ramblers' Association Services Ltd eventually became a separate entity from the Ramblers' Association, eventually becoming RWH Travel Ltd. From 1948 onwards its secretary was Tom Stephenson, who was a leading campaigner for open-country access and for the first British long-distance footpath, the Pennine Way.

Labour politician Hugh Dalton, an avid outdoorsman, served a term as president of the Ramblers Association. Dalton was an environmentalist before the term came into fashion. As Chancellor in 1946 he started the National Land Fund to resource national parks, and in 1951 as Minister of Town and Country Planning he approved the Pennine Way, which involved the creation of seventy additional miles of rights of way.

Ethos and core beliefs
The Ramblers believes that walking can have a positive impact on people's lives, and that rambling in the countryside and in urban places is a right and that it benefits everyone. It also argues that Britain's network of public paths is an invaluable part of its national heritage and that the relevant authorities have a duty to invest in them. Since its inception, the Ramblers has campaigned for rights of responsible access to all of Britain's green spaces. This helped create both the right of open access through the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 to around 8% of land in England (the CRoW Act) and the England Coast Path through the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009. In Scotland, the Land Reform (Scotland) Act 2003 codified traditional rights of access into law, and along with the Nordic countries, makes it amongst the most walking-friendly countries in Europe, with walkers having the right to access virtually all land.

The Ramblers' vision is a country where all enjoy the outdoors on foot, and benefit from the experience. Further, they believe in the importance of high quality walks for all communities, from all regardless of age and background. In the code of conduct, the organisation emphasises being welcoming, positive, empowering and environmentally responsible.

Structure
The Ramblers is a charitable company limited by guarantee, registered with the Charity Commission in England and Wales and with OSCR in Scotland. The governing body of the Ramblers is the board of trustees, which comprises up to 15 members. Under devolution agreements, substantial authority is devolved to entities in Scotland and Wales. At local level, activities for members and volunteers are organised through 485 local Groups and 59 regional Areas. Each Area and Group operates through its own constitution, but as part of the overall Ramblers organisation. The General Council is the body of formal company members of the charity that meets annually. Each Ramblers Area is entitled to appoint at least two Council members. It is registered as a charity in England, Scotland and Wales.

On 1 April 2023 Amar Latif, the blind adventurer, was appointed as president of the Ramblers.  Prior to this date, the writer and DJ Stuart Maconie had held the role of president for 6 years.

Achievements
Under the leadership of Tom Stephenson, the Ramblers was instrumental in securing the 1949 National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act, legislation that led to the creation of National Parks, National Trails, the definitive map of rights of way in both England and Wales, and National Nature Reserves across Great Britain.

More recently, the Ramblers has also helped to establish national parks, most recently for the South Downs and New Forest in the early 2000s. The charity has also had a key role in establishing national trails as a concept and practically.

A long-term goal of the organisation was achieved in 2000 with the passing of The Countryside and Rights of Way Act, which grants the freedom to roam in mapped areas of open countryside in England and Wales.

The Ramblers has also been at the forefront of those campaigning for a consistent scheme of access to the whole coast of England and Wales (under the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009) and for its implementation. The Ramblers have been successful in securing government funding in 2015 for the completion of the England Coast Path by 2020.

Increasingly Ramblers volunteer teams help to maintain footpaths across GB. The work in conjunction with local authorities has been encouraged and promoted by the organisation. This has helped maintain the Pennine Way, the Pilgrims' Way, the Saxon Shore Way, Offa's Dyke, The Ridgeway and many others routes, as well as innumerable shorter paths.

Along with the Long Distance Walkers Association, the Ramblers is recognised by Sport England as the sport governing body for "Rambling" in England.

Campaigns
Throughout its history, the Ramblers has campaigned to ensure everyone has access to well maintained and easy to access green spaces to walk in for leisure.

It has always sought to protect the rights of walkers. A notable case involved Nicholas Van Hoogstraten, the millionaire property tycoon, has had a long-standing dislike of and dispute with Ramblers. In 1992 Hoogstraten erected a barn, a gate, barbed wire fence, and refrigerators across a footpath on his country estate in East Sussex. Local Ramblers staged a protest against the erection of the fence outside the boundary of Hoogstraten's estate. On 10 February 2003, and after a 13-year battle and numerous legal proceedings, the path was finally re-opened.

Today, it continues to defend the rights of the walking public, for example by opposing proposals to criminalise trespass and opposing some planned Level Crossing closures where the diversion is not suitable, for example taking walkers on to roads without pavements.

In 2015 the Ramblers launched The Big Pathwatch to examine the state of the path network in England and Wales. 3,250 volunteers conducted the survey recorded 59,000 problems. The results found 56% of footpaths were well-kept and signposted, 35% were in need of improvement and 9% were difficult or impossible to use with 46,000 photos taken of these issues. Ramblers volunteers continuously maintain these footpaths so the public can enjoy their use freely.

The Countryside and Rights of Way Act introduced a limit for all unrecorded footpaths and bridleways created before 1949 to be recorded before 1 January 2026. The Ramblers increased its training of volunteers on how to claim lost footpaths, and launched a nationwide Don't Lose Your Way campaign to save all lost paths.

The Ramblers works to ensure that legislation governing the countryside and environment helps everyone to connect to nature. This includes green and walkable urban neighbourhoods, well-maintained and well-connected public access, signage to help people navigate through the landscape, and a rich natural environment for everyone to enjoy.

The organisation promotes good neighbourhood planning and design through its urban campaigning and seeks to increase green routes in towns and cities, such as the Walk London Routes (Capital Ring, London Loop etc) and the Manchester Green Trail Network.

The Ramblers is also active in promoting its Walking For Health schemes, aimed at encouraging people with underlying health conditions to get out walking.

The Ramblers is a part of the Walking and Cycling Alliance with a shared vision that enables collaborative campaigning across the sector.

Walking experience
Ramblers group walks are led walks organised by local Ramblers groups, some targeting specific age ranges, in particular people in their 20s and 30s and has helped attract younger members. Urban walking has resulted in specialised groups, including the Metropolitan Walkers. Walks vary in length: short distances of three to four miles (6 km); a medium range of five to six miles (10 km), or seven to nine miles (14 km); or for the more experienced ramblers, ten to fifteen miles (24 km).

Consideration is given to the difficulty of the course and the terrain, whether stiles, steep hills, and busy roads are to be crossed, and the number of members who may be expected to take part.

Ramblers members take their turn in volunteering in advance for the list of leaders of the walks. Leaders walk the designated route in order to reconnoitre it, bearing in mind that certain features of the route may change before the actual day of the walk.

The Ramblers also provides walking routes called “Ramblers Routes”. The collection of routes includes many different types of walks, all featuring digital maps. Routes include detailed directions, points of interest and elevation profiles.

See also

Backpacking (hiking)
Freedom to roam
Hiking
National Cycle Network
Right of way
Trail
Walking
Walking in London
Walking in the United Kingdom
Youth Hostels Association (England & Wales) and Scottish Youth Hostels Association

References

External links

London Strollers
Walk: the Magazine of the Ramblers
Ramblers re-branding, CorpComms magazine

Hiking organizations
Charities based in the United Kingdom
English coast and countryside
Scottish coast and countryside
Welsh coast and countryside
Walking in the United Kingdom
Organizations established in 1935
1935 establishments in the United Kingdom


The Best of John Fahey, Vol. 2: 1964–1983 is a compilation album by American fingerstyle guitarist and composer John Fahey, released in 2004.

History
The second volume of The Best of John Fahey was assembled by American guitarist and composer Henry Kaiser. The album included three unreleased tracks from 1991;  “Twilight on Prince George’s Avenue,” “Sligo Mud”, and “Tuff” which were assumed to be from an album Fahey recorded for Shanachie Records titled Azalea City Memories that was never released. However, it was later uncovered that the three songs were not Fahey recordings, but recordings of guitarist "Charlie Schmidt, a 42-year-old high school teacher who lives in Skokie... as part of a prank Fahey hoped to play on Shanachie, his label at the time."

The  liner notes include a reprint of a letter that Fahey wrote to Fantasy Records regarding his thoughts on how they should handle his catalogue of recordings.

Reception

Music critic Thom Jurek of Allmusic praised the album, "This is, in some ways, better than the original best-of, because it comes from the heart of a fan as well as the vision of a master musician." From his review for All About Jazz, critic Charlie B. Dahan called it "...nothing more than a guitarist and his instrument communicating stories of love, passion, humor and despair with flesh and blood; wood and wire. It is music at its most basic, yet most complicated." Both praised the song selection and liner notes by producer Henry Kaiser.

Track listing
All songs by John Fahey unless otherwise noted.
 "Twilight on Prince George's Avenue" – 5:46
 "Frisco Leaving Birmingham" – 3:30
 "Sligo Mud" – 6:02
 "Orinda-Moraga" – 3:57
 "On the Beach at Waikiki" – 2:42
 "Oneonta" – 2:34
 "Dance of Death" – 7:39
 "The Assassination of Stephan Grossman" – 2:15
 "Tuff" – 5:07
 "Ann Arbor/Death by Reputation" (Fahey, Leo Kottke) – 8:10
 "Medley: Hark, The Herald Angels Sing/O Come All Ye Faithful" (Traditional) – 3:12
 "The Approaching of the Disco Void" – 6:45
 "Steamboat Gwine 'Round de Bend" – 4:54
 "The Fahey Sampler" – 13:18
 "Let All Mortal Flesh Keep Silence" – 3:25

Personnel
John Fahey – guitar
Production notes
Henry Kaiser – producer
John Fahey – producer
ED Denson – producer
Bill Belmont – liner notes
Doug Decker – producer, engineer
Barry Hansen – engineer
Gene Rosenthal – engineer
Joe Tarantino – remastering
Jo Ayres – photography
Linda Kalin – booklet design
Jamie Putman – artwork, art direction

References

2004 greatest hits albums
John Fahey (musician) compilation albums
Takoma Records compilation albums


Future Retro is a compilation remix album released in 2006 consisting of new wave and alternative artists hits from the 1980s, including The Cure, Yaz, INXS, Depeche Mode, Erasure and others. It was remixed by several well known deejays and producers such as Richard X, The Crystal Method, Way Out West , Tiga, Adam Freeland and others.

Track listing

CD & digital download version
 The Cure / "The Walk" (Infusion Mix)	5:36
 Yaz / "Situation" (Richard X Remix)	5:51
 Echo & the Bunnymen / "Lips Like Sugar" (Way Out West Remix Edit) (Jody Wisternoff, Nick Warren, Jess Alekzandr) 	4:52
 INXS / "Need You Tonight" (Static Avenger Mix Edit)	4:21
 Depeche Mode / "Shake the Disease" (Tiga Remix)	6:48
 Erasure / "A Little Respect" (Jaded Alliance 'Electrospect' Remix)	6:31
 Howard Jones / "New Song" (Peter Black & Hardrock Striker Mix Edit)	3:26
 Alphaville / "Forever Young" (Hamel Album Mix)	4:45
 New Order / "Bizarre Love Triangle" (The Crystal Method Extended Mix)	6:05
 Grandmaster Flash & Melle Mel / "White Lines (Don't Don't Do It)" (Elite Force Mix)	7:35
 Devo / "Girl U Want" (Black Light Odyssey Mix)	3:47
 B-Movie / "Nowhere Girl" (Adam Freeland Mix)	7:30
 Book of Love / "Boy" (DJ Irene Rockstar Mix)	4:27
 Morrissey / "Suedehead" (Sparks Remix)	6:37

Vinyl Version
Side A:
 The Cure / "The Walk" (Infusion 12" Remix)	8:59
 New Order / "Bizarre Love Triangle" (Richard X 12" Mix)	7:04
Side B:
 Depeche Mode / "Shake The Disease" (Tiga Remix)	6:47
 B-Movie / "Nowhere Girl" (Adam Freeland Mix)	7:31
 INXS / "Need You Tonight" (Static Revenger Mix)	6:41
Side C:
 Echo & the Bunnymen / "Lips Like Sugar" (Way Out West Remix) ( Jody Wisternoff, Nick Warren, Jess Alekzandr)  7:32
 Howard Jones / "New Song" (Peter Black & Hardrock Striker Mix)	7:42
Side D:
 Grandmaster Flash & Melle Mel / "White Lines (Don't Don't Do It)" (Elite Force Mix)	7:39
 Yaz / "Situation" (Future Funk Squad's Downstairs & Fabric Mix)	6:38
 Alphaville / "Forever Young" (Hamel Club Mix)	7:41

References

2006 remix albums
2006 compilation albums
Rhino Records remix albums
Rhino Records compilation albums
Alternative rock remix albums
Alternative rock compilation albums


John R. Lewis (born November 2, 1954) is a Republican politician from California who represented Orange County in the California State Senate from 1991 until 2000 and in the California State Assembly from 1980 until 1991. He currently serves as the President of the Lewis Consulting Group.

During his time in the State Senate, Lewis served as the Vice Chairman of the Senate Rules Committee.

Lewis was first elected to the State Senate in 1991 after John Seymour resigned after being appointed to the United States Senate by Governor Pete Wilson. In the Republican primary, Lewis defeated both Assemblymembers Nolan Frizzelle and Doris Allen of Cypress, California who later served briefly as Speaker of the Assembly.

Lewis is an alumnus of University of Southern California.

References

External links
Join California John Lewis

Living people
Republican Party members of the California State Assembly
Republican Party California state senators
1954 births
20th-century American politicians


"Money in the Bank" is a song written by Bob DiPiero, John Jarrard and Mark D. Sanders, and recorded by American country music artist John Anderson.  It was released in April 1993 as the lead single from his album Solid Ground.  It peaked at number one on the United States Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart, and number one on the Canadian RPM Country Tracks chart.  It is his last number one hit to date (in America).

Music video
The music video was directed by Jim Shea, and premiered in early 1993.

Chart positions
"Money in the Bank" debuted at number 61 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of May 1, 1993.

Year-end charts

References

1993 singles
1993 songs
John Anderson (musician) songs
Songs written by Bob DiPiero
Songs written by John Jarrard
Songs written by Mark D. Sanders
Song recordings produced by James Stroud
BNA Records singles


Guesdon is a surname, and may refer to:

 Alfred Guesdon (1808–1876), lithographer, architect
 André Guesdon (1948–2020), French football defender
 Frédéric Guesdon (born 1971), French cyclist


Propair Inc. is a charter airline with its headquarters and main base at the Rouyn-Noranda Airport in Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec, Canada. It operates charter and medevac flights and had a secondary base at Montréal–Trudeau International Airport, but it closed in July 2018.

History
In 1954, Émilien Pronovost purchased a bush aviation company, La Sarre Air Services, which was headquartered in Nord-du-Québec and operated in a territory that enjoyed a wealth of natural resources but few if any roads. A pioneer of regional air transport, Pronovost grew his company by carrying workers, scientists and various prospectors attracted to the region. Over time, he was able to strengthen the company's position due to an influx of passengers destined for hunting and fishing camps. Successively supported by his daughters Lise and Claude, then his sons Jean and Louis, Pronovost played a key role in the development of Quebec's largest construction site at the time, the James Bay Project, a series of hydroelectric power stations on the La Grande River. After another ten years of growth, Jean and Louis purchased the company in 1981.

They also bought the company Air Fecteau in 1983, and amalgamated the two businesses to create Propair. With a fleet of around 40 aircraft, Propair was the largest bush aviation company in Eastern Canada, serving nearly the entire Quebec region. Once the region's major projects were completed, and with the signing of the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement and its impact on hunting and fishing trips, Propair found itself with a larger fleet than needed to meet the demands of its traditional market. In addition, new roads had been built over time, greatly facilitating ground access to the territory. In order to adjust to this new reality, Propair disposed of its bush aviation assets and acquired aircraft designed for business air charters and air taxi, namely turboprop aircraft with pressurized cabins, better adapted to the fast-growing market it had chosen to target.

Flight 420
On 18 June 1998, a company Fairchild-Swearingen Metro II was involved in a crash that killed all eleven people on board. Propair Flight 420 departed Montréal–Dorval International Airport, Quebec, at about 0701 Eastern Daylight Time en route to the Peterborough Airport, Ontario with nine passengers and two pilots. At 12 minutes after take-off, at  above sea level, the crew radioed air traffic control (ATC) indicating a hydraulic problem and requested a return to Dorval. At about 0719, while descending through  ASL, the crew told ATC that the left engine was on fire and had been shut down. At about 0720 hours, the crew decided to proceed to Montréal–Mirabel International Airport instead and at 0723, the crew informed ATC that the fire was out. While on final for runway 24 at Mirabel, the crew advised ATC that the left engine was once again on fire. On short final the left wing failed and all on board were killed when the aircraft impacted the ground.

Services
Propair mainly operates air taxi and medevac flights in most part of Quebec, Ontario and the northeastern United States. Propair also offers support services (fuel, maintenance and cargo handling) at Rouyn-Noranda Airport

Fleet
The Propair fleet listed by Transport Canada as of October 2023 includes the following aircraft types:

Propair was the last Canadian operator of the Grumman Gulfstream I, but retired their aircraft in 2017. However, Transport Canada still lists the plane with a valid certificate.

References

External links

Propair Inc.

Regional airlines of Quebec
Rouyn-Noranda
Airlines established in 1954


The Everton Former Players' Foundation is a registered charity based in [moreton, England. The Foundation raises money for the physical and pastoral care of former football players who have previously been contracted to Everton.

Money is raised for the charity through the following main sources:

A testimonial game for a former player, the usual arrangement being that the Foundation receive 50% of the proceeds.
A Foundation day at which the Foundation raises money through raffles in the lounges at Goodison Park.
Regular raffles before each home game at Goodison Park.
Dinners and social functions throughout the year at which former players normally attend and speak to the guests.

Patrons
The Patrons of the charity are:

Duncan McKenzie - Former player
Graeme Sharp - Former player
Barry Horne - Former player
Bill Kenwright - Everton F.C. Chairman
David France - Founder
Alan Stubbs - Former player
Joe Royle - Former player and manager
Derek Temple - Former player
Tony Bellew - Former boxer, WBC cruiserweight champion

References

External links

Everton F.C.
1999 establishments in England


The May Bumps 1974 were a set of rowing races held at Cambridge University in June 1974. The event was run as a bumps race and was the 83rd set of races in the series of May Bumps which have been held annually in mid-June since 1887. In 1974, women's crews competed for the first time, although unlike the men's eights, they competed in fours. A total of 149 crews took part (137 men's crews and 12 women's crews), with around 1200 participants in total.

Head of the River crews

 Lady Margaret men bumped Jesus and First and Third to take the headship for the tenth time.

 Clare women rowed over in the inaugural women's event to take the headship.

Highest 2nd boats

 Lady Margaret 2nd men rose six places to be the highest placed second boat.

 The highest women's 2nd crew was Newnham II, finished in third behind the first boat.

Links to Races in Other Years

Bumps Charts

Below are the bumps charts for the men's and women's 1st divisions. The men's bumps charts are on the left, and women's bumps charts on the right. The bumps chart represents the progress of every crew over all four days of the racing. To follow the progress of any particular crew, simply find the crew's name on the left side of the chart and follow the line to the end-of-the-week finishing position on the right of the chart.

May Bumps results
1974 in English sport
1974 in rowing


Philippe René Nivelon Louis de Sainte-Aldegonde, Lord of Noircarmes (c. 1530 – Utrecht, 5 March 1574) was a statesman and soldier from the Habsburg Netherlands in the service of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and Philip II of Spain. He gained notoriety during the suppression of Calvinist insurrections, especially at Valenciennes in 1566-7, and as a member of the Council of Troubles at the start of the Eighty Years' War. He was stadtholder of Hainaut from 1566, and of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht from 1573 until his death.

Early life
Noircarmes (as he is usually called in historiography) was the son of Jean de Sainte-Aldegonde, a scion of an old aristocratic family from Saint-Omer and Marie de Rubempré. His father (d. 1538) had been a chamberlain of Charles V and he himself is mentioned as a page of Charles in 1547.
Noircarmes married Bonne de Lannoy on 7 September 1554. They had a son, Maximilien-Lamoral, and a daughter.

Role in the early phase of the Dutch Revolt
Noircarmes was a member of the Council of State of Margaret of Parma in the early 1560s. As such, he opposed Orange, Egmont, and Horne who counseled caution to the Regent after the upheaval of the Compromise of Nobles in 1566. When, in August 1566, social unrest broke out in connection with open-air sermons of Calvinists and subsequently the Iconoclastic Fury, he argued for repression. He was made acting-stadtholder and grand baillie of Hainaut in July 1566, and at the same time put in charge of the royal forces in that area. In December 1566, Margaret charged him with the suppression of a Calvinist revolt in Valenciennes, led by Guido de Bres, among others. He laid siege to the city and captured it on 23 March 1567. De Bres was executed along with many other citizens of Valenciennes. Noircarmes by that time had already captured rebellious Tournai and executed many Calvinists there. He next went to 's-Hertogenbosch and Maastricht and forced them to take in royal garrisons. Finally, he went to Holland and punished in short order Gouda, Schoonhoven and Amsterdam in May.

Meanwhile, King Philip had sent Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba to the Netherlands with an army to restore order. Noircarmes went to meet Alba and made an immediate good impression. When Alba formed his Council of Troubles in September 1567, he made Noircarmes its vice-president. Noircarmes next convinced the Count of Egmont not to evade arrest by Alba. (Egmont later was executed).

As a member of the Council of State, Noircarmes advised against Alba's plans to institute new taxes (the Tenth Penny), but Alba ignored this advice.

After the siege of the fortress of Mons (that had been captured by Louis of Nassau in May 1572), Noircarmes was entrusted with the punishment of its citizens for their rebellion. Next, in October 1572, he accompanied Alba to Mechelen and encouraged the Spanish soldiers to sack that city. Then he accompanied Alba's son Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, 4th Duke of Alba on his punitive expedition to Holland. He took part in the Siege of Haarlem in 1573.

When Maximilien de Hénin-Liétard, the royal stadtholder of Holland, was taken prisoner of war by the rebels in October 1573, Noircarmes was appointed his successor. However, at the Siege of Alkmaar he was wounded. He died of these wounds in Utrecht on 5 March 1574.

Notes

Sources
 "Philippe de Sainte-Aldegonde de Noircarmes" in:  (1888) Mémoires et publications de la Société des sciences, des arts et des lettres du Hainaut, Maison Léon Lasseau, pp. 136–137

External links
  Noircarmes, Philippe
  Sainte-Aldegonde

People of the Eighty Years' War
1530 births
1574 deaths
Stadtholders of Hainaut


The Compton–Getting effect is an apparent anisotropy in the intensity of radiation or particles due to the relative motion between the observer and the source. This effect was first identified in the intensity of cosmic rays by Arthur Compton and Ivan A. Getting in 1935. Gleeson and Axford provide a full derivation of the equations relevant to this effect.

The original application of the Compton–Getting effect predicted that the intensity of cosmic rays should be higher coming from the direction in which Earth is moving. For the case of cosmic rays the Compton–Getting effect only applies to those that are unaffected by the Solar wind such as extremely high energy particles. It has been calculated that the speed of the Earth within the galaxy () would result in a difference between the strongest and weakest cosmic ray intensities of about 0.1%.
 This small difference is within the capabilities of modern instruments to detect, and was observed in 1986.
Forman (1970) derives the Compton–Getting effect anisotropy from the Lorentz invariance of the phase space distribution function. Ipavich (1974) furthers this general derivation to derive count rates with respect to the flow vector.

This Compton–Getting effect is apparent in plasma data in Earth's magnetotail. The Compton–Getting effect has also been utilized for analyzing energetic neutral atom (ENA) data returned by the Cassini-Huygens spacecraft at Saturn.

Notes

Cosmic rays


is a masculine Japanese given name.

Possible writings
Masaru can be written using different kanji characters and can mean:
勝, "excel"
優, "excel"
大, "large"
将 or 將, "commander"
The name can also be written in hiragana or katakana.

People with the name
Masaru Akiba (勝), a Japanese football player
Masaru Emoto (勝), a Japanese author
Masaru Furukawa (勝), a Japanese swimmer and olympic champion
, Japanese equestrian
Gagamaru Masaru (勝), a Georgian sumo wrestler
Masaru Hamaguchi (優), Japanese comedian
Masaru Hayami (優), the 28th Governor of the Bank of Japan
Masaru Ibuka (大), a Japanese electronics industrialist
Masaru Ikeda (勝), a Japanese actor and voice actor
Grant Masaru Imahara, an American electronics and radio control expert
Masaru Inada (勝), a Japanese skeleton racer
Inoue Masaru (勝), a Japanese samurai known as the "father of the Japanese railways"
, Japanese field hockey player
Masaru Katori (まさる), a female Japanese writer and manga author
Masaru Kageura (將), a Japanese baseball player
, Japanese footballer
Masaru Kitao (勝), a Japanese animator
Masaru Konuma (勝), a Japanese director
Masaru Kurotsu (勝), a Japanese football player
Kyokutenhō Masaru (勝), a Mongolian sumo wrestler
Masaru Matsuhashi (優), a Japanese football player
, Japanese sport wrestler
Masaru Edward Fulenwider-Musashi, a Wushu martial artist, stuntman, and an actor
, Japanese ski jumper
, Japanese baseball player
Masaru Ogawa (勝), a Japanese figure skater
, Japanese baseball player
Masaru Sakurai (賢), a member of the Japanese musical group The Alfee
Masaru Sato (勝), a Japanese composer
Masaru Shimabukuro (優), a member of the Okinawan music band Begin
Masaru Shintani, a Japanese-Canadian Karate master
Masaru Takumi (勝), a Japanese yakuza
Masaru Tobita (将), known as Survival Tobita, a Japanese professional wrestler
Wakanohana Masaru (勝), a Japanese sumo wrestler
, Japanese lawyer and politician

Fictional characters
Masaru (マサル), a character in the manga and animated film Akira
Masaru Daimon (Marcus Damon in the English dub), a character from the anime series Digimon Savers
Masaru Kato (勝), a character from the anime and manga series Gantz
Masaru Aoki of Hajime no Ippo
Masaru Sera, the Third Chairman of the Tojo Clan in the first game in the Yakuza series
Masaru Watase, the Waka gashira of the Omi Alliance in Yakuza 5
Masaru "Echo" Enatsu, an SAT operative in Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Siege.
Masaru Daimon, a character in Danganronpa Another Episode: Ultra Despair Girls.
Masaru Bakugou (爆豪 勝), Katsuki Bakugo's father and the husband of Mitsuki Bakugo in the manga and anime My Hero Academia
Konaka Masaru (Japanese name for Redd White), a character in Ace Attorney

See also
27791 Masaru, a main-belt asteroid
IEEE Masaru Ibuka Consumer Electronics Award
Sexy Commando Gaiden: Sugoiyo!! Masaru-san, a manga series

Japanese masculine given names
Masculine given names


Ivan Panin (; born July 22, 1987) is a Russian nordic combined skier. He has competed in the World Cup many times but ever reached podium. Panin is better in ski jumping than in cross country skiing.

External links

1987 births
Living people
Russian male Nordic combined skiers
Nordic combined skiers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Olympic Nordic combined skiers for Russia
FISU World University Games gold medalists for Russia
Universiade bronze medalists for Russia
Universiade medalists in nordic combined
Competitors at the 2011 Winter Universiade