The Ochoco Mountains are a mountain range in central Oregon in the United States, located at the western end of the Blue Mountains.  They were formed when Permian, Triassic, and Jurassic rocks were slowly uplifted by volcanic eruptions to form the Clarno Formation.  Today, the highest point in the range is Lookout Mountain.  The dominant vegetation on the west side of the range is old-growth ponderosa pine; on the east side, western juniper is common.  The western area of the mountains is administered by the Ochoco National Forest, while the southeastern section is part of the Malheur National Forest.  The Ochoco Mountains are used for hiking, camping, bird watching, rockhounding, and hunting, as well as cross-country skiing in the winter.

Geography
The Ochoco Mountains run  north to south and  east to west. The eight highest peaks in the range are:
 Lookout Mountain,
 Spanish Peak,
 Mount Pisgah,
 Round Mountain,
 East Point,
 North Point,
 Wolf Mountain,
 View Point,

Geology
The Ochoco Mountains in central Oregon form the western end of the Blue Mountains.  The Blue Mountains are not a single cohesive range, but rather a complex of ranges and inter-mountain basins and valleys that extend from southeast Washington into central Oregon, ending near Prineville.  The Ochoco portion of the province is part of a wide uplifted plateau made of rocks from the Permian, Triassic, and Jurassic periods (300 to 200 million years old) that were transported by the Pacific Plate and accreted in the late Mesozoic era (about 100 million years ago) as part of a vast shallow sea, then slowly uplifted by volcanic eruptions during the Eocene epoch (50 to 37 million years ago) to form the Clarno Formation.  From 37 to 17 million years ago, eruptions in the western Cascade Range spread ash across eastern Oregon, forming the John Day Formation.  From 17 to 14 million years ago, major volcanic eruptions covered much of the province with basalt flows, creating the Columbia River Basalt Group.  Since then, continued faulting and uplift has resulted in a deeply eroded landscape.  Steins Pillar is an excellent example of this erosion.

During the Eocene epoch, central Oregon volcanoes deposited layers of lava and ash up to  thick over the area that is now the Ochoco Mountains.  Large mudflows called lahars were also common during that period.  These mudflows often covered and preserved the plants and animals, resulting in fossil beds.  Today, fossils of prehistoric trees, fruits, nuts, and flowers can be found in the Ochoco Mountains along with fossilized animals including horses, camels, rhinoceros, and hippopotami.

Ecology
The vegetation in the Ochoco Mountains ranges from old-growth ponderosa pine on the western slopes and in the mountain valleys to western juniper and sagebrush on the eastern and southern slopes.  The high mountain meadows host a wide variety of wild flowers and even ferns in some areas.  Big Summit Prairie near the center of the Ochocos is well known for its spring wild flower displays.

Ponderosa pine is the dominant tree species in most parts of the Ochoco Mountains.  These pines are common at elevations from  above sea level.  Manzanita, antelope bitterbrush, and ceanothus are common shrubs in the pine-dominated areas with Idaho fescue and Ross' sedge as the main ground cover.  Ponderosa pine forests are tolerant of drought and low-intensity wildfires.  Birds commonly found in the pine forests of the Ochoco Mountains include the northern flicker, hairy woodpecker, red-tailed hawk, and Steller's jay.  Central Oregon's ponderosa pine forests are an important winter range for mule deer and Rocky Mountain elk.

On the drier, eastern side of the Ochoco Mountains, the western juniper trees survive on as little as  of precipitation per year.  The range's juniper woodlands cover wide areas from  in elevation.  Antelope bitterbrush and sagebrush are common shrubs in these areas with Idaho fescue and bluebunch wheatgrass as the main ground cover.  Juniper woodlands are home to mountain bluebirds, Townsend's solitaires, and ferruginous hawks during the spring and summer.  There are also many small mammals and lizards that are prey for coyote.

Big Summit Prairie is a large high-country meadow covering  in the middle of the Ochoco Mountains. The prairie is covered by water-loving grasses, overgrown by willows and shrubs in some areas.  Tufted hairgrass, elephant's head, and horsetail are common ground cover in the meadowlands.  Quaking aspen with shrubby undergrowth attract wildlife not found in other parts of the Ochoco Mountains.  Common birds include sandhill crane, Wilson's snipe, long-billed curlew, and northern harrier.  Even the rare dickcissel has been sighted at Big Summit Prairie.  Larger animals include mule deer, pronghorn, Belding's ground squirrel, northern pocket gopher, meadow mice, and coyotes.  Also, Rocky Mountain elk move into the area in the fall.

Big Summit Prairie is particularly well known for its wildflowers and butterflies.  From April through June, flowers cover Big Summit meadow.  The first wildflowers to bloom are usually grass widow, wild parsley, and shooting stars. From May through June, Wyethia, buttercups, and camas display their colors.  In drier areas, bitterroot bloom with large white and pink flowers. In June and July, other flowers take over the display including Missouri iris, larkspur, Indian paintbrush, checkermallow, and arrowleaf balsamroot. One notable plant is Peck's mariposa lily, a type of Calochortus with lavender petals. This plant is found only in the Ochoco Mountains.  Butterfly species common to the Big Summit Prairie include hairstreak, skipper, eastern tailed-blue, Lycaenidae, checkerspot, fritillary, swallowtail, admiral, and tortoiseshell.

Human uses
Most of the Ochoco Mountains are public lands administered by the United States Forest Service.  The Ochoco National Forest is responsible for most of the mountain area; however, the southeastern part of the range is in the Malheur National Forest.  Some land in the Ochoco area is also administered by the Bureau of Land Management.  Hiking, fishing, camping, hunting, horseback riding, bird watching, and rockhounding are all popular activities.

The Ochoco National Forest maintains 27 campgrounds in or near the Ochoco Mountains.  The largest are the Antelope Flat Reservoir, Ochoco Divide, Walton Lake, and Wildcat campgrounds.  The Malheur National Forest has several campgrounds in the Ochoco Mountains as well.  The largest is the campground at Delintment Lake.
 Antelope Flat Reservoir campground has 24 campsites surrounded by a scenic ponderosa pine forest.  The reservoir is not visible from the campground, but it is only a 10-minute walk to the lake shore.  The campground is at  above sea level.  Potable water is available at the site along with picnic tables, fire pits, and vault toilets.  The area is lightly used except on holiday weekends.  Fishing, swimming, boating, and hiking are favorite activities.
 Ochoco Divide Campground is located in an old-growth ponderosa pine forest just off U.S. Highway 26,  east of Prineville.  The campground is located at  above sea level.  It has 28 campsites, picnic tables, fire pits, and vault toilets.  The campground is commonly used as an overnight stop for highway travelers, who then move on in the morning.  As a result, the campground is often full at night but very quiet during the day.  Bandit Springs highway rest stop is one mile (1.6 km) west of the campground.  The rest stop is the trailhead for several hiking trails.  These trails are popular for hiking and mountain biking in the summer and cross-country skiing in the winter.
 Walton Lake is a small lake surrounded by old-growth ponderosa pine and mountain meadows.  The lake is stocked with rainbow trout each summer.  Two hiking trails are located in the area.  The Walton Lake Trail is a one-mile loop around the lake while Round Mountain National Scenic Trail is a  hike that offers the opportunity to see high-country wildlife and many varieties of birds.  The campground is  above sea level.  The site has potable water, picnic tables, fire pits, level tent sites, and vault toilets.  There is also a day-use picnic area with two tables, cooking grills, a sandy lake shore beach, and a fishing pier.  Fishing, swimming, boating, and hiking are popular activities at Walton Lake.
 Wildcat Campground is located at the southwest corner of the Mill Creek Wilderness, approximately  from Prineville.  The campground is at an elevation of .  It has 17 sites, potable water, picnic tables, fire pits, and vault toilets.  A trailhead leading into the Mill Creek Wilderness is located adjacent to the campground.  It connects to a network of hiking trails in the Mill Creek and Twin Pillars areas.
 Delintment Lake Campground is located  northwest of Burns.  The campground is  above sea level.  It has 33 sites, potable water from a hand-pump, 12 picnic sites, and vault toilets.  Hiking, fishing, swimming, boating, and wildlife viewing are popular activities at Delintment Lake.

The unique geology of the Ochoco Mountains is such that a wide variety of rock types are located in a relatively small area.  This brings rockhounds to the area every summer.  The Bureau of Land Management and the Ochoco National Forest both have designated areas where rockhounds can search for agate, jasper, petrified wood, petrified moss, and dendrite.  These rock collection sites are for personal use only; gathering rocks for commercial purposes is prohibited.  Thundereggs can be found at Whistle Springs.  Even though the area has been worked by rockhounds for many years, quality thundereggs are still found at the site.  There are also some rare rocks and minerals in central Oregon in or near the Ochoco Mountains, including opals, amethyst, gem quality calcite, cinnabar, selenite, gypsum, and amygdaloid nodules.

Wilderness areas
The Ochoco National Forest has three wilderness areas in the Ochoco Mountains.  They are the Bridge Creek Wilderness, the Black Canyon Wilderness, and the Mill Creek Wilderness.
 The Bridge Creek Wilderness is very remote, and at , it is the smallest wilderness in Oregon.  It has few visitors except during the fall hunting season.  Its topography is dominated by steep, forested slopes and barren plateaus, although it has some mountain meadow lands as well.  The wilderness contains important winter elk habitat along Bridge Creek.  Other large mammals common to the area include mule deer, black bear, and cougar. Pileated woodpecker, goshawks, and prairie falcons nest in the Bridge Creek area.  There are no trails in the Bridge Creek Wilderness, so this area is for experienced outdoorsmen.
 The Black Canyon Wilderness encompasses  with elevations ranging from  above sea level.  The Black Canyon environment ranges from dense forest to steep basalt cliffs.  The Black Canyon Wilderness is home to a wide range of wildlife including deer, elk, black bear, and cougar.  Wildflowers such as crimson columbine, lupine, and Indian paintbrush can be found throughout the wilderness.  There are several hiking trails, all very rugged.
 The Mill Creek Wilderness includes  of protected land.  The wilderness is characterized by deep canyons and towering pinnacles including a pair of volcanic plugs called the Twin Pillars.  These two rock outcroppings are found along the Twin Pillars Trail National Recreational Trail.  The trailhead is at Wildcat Campground, just outside the wilderness boundary.  The Mill Creek Wilderness has a  network of trails.  The trails are used by both hikers and horse riders; however, the entire trail system is extremely rugged with many steep climbs and descents.  The wilderness is dense pine and fir forest dissected by Mill Creek and its tributaries.  Elk and deer are common in the Mill Creek area, as are black bear, wild turkey, pileated woodpeckers, and goshawks.  In the fall, the Mill Creek Wilderness is a popular area for hunters.

References

External links
 Ochoco National Forest
 Malheur National Forest

Mountain ranges of Oregon
Regions of Oregon
Mountains of Crook County, Oregon
Mountain ranges of Grant County, Oregon
Mountains of Wheeler County, Oregon
Malheur National Forest
Ochoco National Forest
Volcanism of Oregon
Permian volcanism
Triassic volcanism
Jurassic volcanism
Clarno Formation
Volcanoes of Oregon
Volcanoes of the United States


Devil's Angels (also known as The Checkered Flag) is a 1967 American outlaw biker film written by Charles B. Griffith and directed by Daniel Haller. It stars John Cassavetes.

Plot
Cody (John Cassavetes) and his motorcycle gang, the Skulls, hear the story of how Butch Cassidy and his outlaw band lived in a secret area called the Hole-in-the-Wall, where there were no police. Inspired, Cody tells the gang that they are all going to Hole-in-the-Wall to live there forever. After breaking their buddy Funky out of jail, terrorizing a store owner at a gas stop, and destroying the RV of a couple who inadvertently knocked over one of their motorcycles, they arrive in the town of Brookville as it is celebrating its annual picnic. The mayor, sheriff, and other townsfolk, immediately demand that they depart. However, the sheriff is more conciliatory and comes to an agreement with Cody that the Skulls may camp on the beach if they agree to stay there and move on in the morning.

A local girl, fascinated by the gang, joins them. Meanwhile, the mayor, and other townsfolk, have decided that the sheriff is not doing a good enough job protecting them and should force the motorcyclists out of the area. The gang gets the local girl high and begins to grope her. Frightened, she runs away. The mayor seizes on this as a pretext to falsely claim to the sheriff that she has been raped. The sheriff arrests Cody and forces the rest of them to leave. The Skulls decide to enlist the assistance of a larger motorcycle gang. Meanwhile, the sheriff realizes that he has been lied to and releases Cody. Reunited with his troop, Cody tries to convince them to continue on to Hole-in-the-Wall, but they are committed to return to Brookville to seek revenge.

The gang gathers up the girl, her family, the mayor, another prominent citizen, and the sheriff for a mock trial. The mayor and his companion are sentenced to being beaten up. The gang claims that they are owed a rape and ignore Cody as he tries to stop them. Meanwhile, the other motorcycle gang begins to terrorize the town. Cody asks one of his gang members where Hole-in-the-Wall is located. He is told there is no such place and that the whole story was a fabrication. He tries to convince his girlfriend to leave with him, but she refuses. Cody tears off his Skulls jacket, throws it into the dirt, and rides away. As he does, the police are visible converging on Brookville to restore order.

Cast
 John Cassavetes as Cody
 Beverly Adams as Lynn
 Mimsy Farmer as Marianne
 Leo Gordon as Sheriff Henderson
 Marc Cavell as Billy "The Kid"

Production
The filming begins in the vicinity of Point Fermin in San Pedro, CA.  Scenes include a pan shot of Cabrillo Beach and motorcycle runs north and southbound on Gaffey Street, just below the upper reservation of Fort MacArthur as the Skulls start off to find to Hole-in-the-Wall.
Filming took place in and around Patagonia, Arizona.

Tagline
Violence is their god... and they hunt in a pack like rabid dogs!

See also
List of American films of 1967

References

External links

1967 films
American International Pictures films
Outlaw biker films
1960s English-language films
Films directed by Daniel Haller
Films produced by Burt Topper
Films produced by Roger Corman
Films with screenplays by Charles B. Griffith


Mid-Columbia Fire and Rescue is the fire protection, emergency medical services, hazmat, search and rescue, and extrication provider for The Dalles and northern Wasco County in the state of Oregon. The department is made up of both paid staff and volunteers. They protect about 16,000 people that cover an area of about 120 sq mi (310.8 km2). Formed in 1995, the department has two fire stations and serve a primarily residential area. They have an ISO rating of 4–8.

History
The fire department in The Dalles was built upon by several hose, and hook and ladder companies throughout the latter half of the 19th century. The first hook and ladder to serve The Dalles was Hook and Ladder Company No. 1 which formed May 3, 1859 and later disbanded January 6, 1860. That same year, on October 28, the city commissioned and completed work on an engine house.

The Diligent Hook and Ladder Company was formed January 15, 1862; this company later tendered resignation to the city council—which accepted the resignation—and was disbanded January 15, 1863. At this same time a petition was filed to organize the Jackson Engine Company No. 1. In 1880 a new steam fire engine—purchased by the city—was given to them.

A few years later, on June 19, 1865, the Grant Hook and Ladder Company was organized and given the truck and other equipment of the former Diligent Hook and Ladder Company. On September 28, 1865, Relief Hose Company No. 1 was formed; this company later disbanded in 1868.

There was a new hose company to be known as the Columbia Hose Company was organized May 8, 1875. Later, on September 8, 1879 the Wasco Engine Company No. 2 was formed, but later disbanded in April 1882.

By 1905, The Dalles was thought to have "had one of the best volunteer fire departments and apparatus of any town in the state." Their apparatus consisted of "a steam engine, chemical engine, hand engine, five hose companies and one hook and ladder company, all thoroughly equipped with the latest improved appliances for fighting."

The department, as currently operating, was formed by a vote of the people which consolidated the City of The Dalles Fire Department with the Wasco Rural Fire Protection District effective July 1, 1995. The name Wasco Rural Fire Protection district was kept until May 16, 1996 when it was changed to the current name.

Board of directors
Mid-Columbia Fire and Rescue is governed by a Board of Directors, elected at-large by registered voters within the district. Board members serve a three-year term in office. Board meetings are generally held on the third Monday of each month at the district main fire station located at 1400 W. 8th Street in The Dalles Oregon. Occasionally, the Board Meeting date or location will change and the change will be publicly announced. Board meetings are open to the public. Here are your current board members.

Position#1: Diana Bailey- Director Bailey is very active within the community. She was previously involved as a volunteer in Fire/Emergency Medical Services with MCFR starting in 1992 where she discovered her ability and joy in serving others. She also has previous experience as an MCFR Board member from July 1999 to January 2011 and served on the Fire District Budget Committee as well until becoming a board member in 2019.

A longtime resident of The Dalles, Director Bailey spends time working in her garden, reading, time with family, and walking dogs Chukar, Dusky, and Brant on the River Front Trail. In 2002, Director Bailey pursued a nursing career that has spanned frontline care in medical-surgical, family birth, and critical care to that of a nurse educator at Columbia Gorge Community College. Director Bailey later joined Mid-Columbia Center for Living (MCCFL) in the spring of 2016 as Nurse Care Supervisor to assist in the design and implementation of an integrated care model which emphasizes recovery, wellness, trauma-informed care, and physical-behavioral health.

Diana's previous occupations include time as an Orchardist, employment with Fish and Game, and working in Forestry. Director Bailey has also been involved with other Boards and committees such as Home at Last, and Habitat for Humanity. Her background and experience in both public and private service makes Diana an excellent representative of our Fire District Board.

Position#2 Bob Delaney- Bob has lived in The Dalles with his wife Patty and their daughter since 1983. Director Delaney is a retired business manager from Northwest Payroll. He was also employed by Wheeler's Communications and was the Executive Director for Wasco county 911 for a period of three years. Director Delaney is a past director and Board President for the Northern Wasco County Parks and Recreation District, Past President of The Dalles Lions Club and a 25-year veteran with The Dalles Fire Department and Mid-Columbia Fire and Rescue retiring as a Volunteer Captain in 2011. Director Delaney brings a vast array of knowledge and experience to the MCFR Board of Directors.

Position#3 David Peters- Peters and his wife Theresa moved to The Dalles in 1989. Their three children grew up and attended school here in The Dalles and have now moved on to higher education. Director Peters has a BS degree from Oregon State in Business Administration and brings over 10-years of experience working at a local non-profit.  Director Peter's wife is currently the Principal of Dry Hollow School. Director Peters has spent numerous hours volunteering as a coach for youth sports and with various organizations throughout the community. Director Peter's level of education and experience makes him an asset to the Fire District Board of Directors.

Position#4 David Jacobs- Jacobs is a retired Unit Forester from the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) with 31 years of service with ODF and 4 years of service with Hood River County Forestry. He has a total of 35 years of wildland and all hazard risk experience. Director Jacobs was also member of the Wasco Rural Fire District's budget committee from 1988 to 1995, and a Mid-Columbia Fire and Rescue's (MCFR) budget committee member from 1996 to 2017 at which time he was elected to the MCFR board. Director Jacobs additionally has 12 years of experience sitting on the St. Mary's Academy School Board and Finance Committee. Director Jacob's extensive background and experience in both public and private service make him an excellent fit for the MCFR Board of Directors.

Position#5 Dick Schaffeld- Dick has lived in The Dalles with his wife Sandy and their two sons since 1991. He and his son Wayne work together in Bandit Glass, a mobile windshield repair and replacement service. Director Schaffeld is an avid animal lover and his dog “Cash” goes everywhere he goes. Director Schaffeld lives on a small farm located in The Dalles and is supportive of 4-H, FFA, youth events and activities within Wasco, and Sherman Counties and the surrounding area. Director Schaffeld brings his vast array of community involvement, knowledge and business experience to the Fire District Board.

Emergency medical service
The ambulance service serves an area of over 200 sq mi (518 km2).

Volunteers
The department has about 40 volunteers that perform both firefighter and EMS duties. The volunteers also have a chaplain and support services. Volunteer recruits attend a fire academy put on yearly by the Columbia Gorge Training Association.

References

Fire departments in Oregon
Wasco County, Oregon
1995 establishments in Oregon


Hiranaam is a form of Sattriya music related to the Vaishnava religious scriptures. The singers, the Gayans accompany themselves with cymbals played by the Bayans. The singing mainly involves chanting the names of Krishna, in a call and response style.

See also
Music of Assam

References

 Hiranaam

Music of Assam
Oral literature of Assam
Hindu music


Thích Thanh Từ (born 24 July 1924) is a Vietnamese Zen Buddhist monk. He has been influential with increasing traditional Vietnamese Buddhism practices within the country.

Biography
Thích Thanh Từ began his life in a well-educated family that followed Cao Đài, a Vietnamese religion founded in 1926. He was born on July 24, 1924, in Cần Thơ, Vietnam with the birth name of Trần Hữu Phước. He was determined to become a Buddhist monk after noticing the suffering of his people during wartime and after 3 months of Buddhist duties and at the age of 25 was given his Buddhist name which he is now known by, Thích Thanh Từ. After 3 years of servicing as an expression of gratitude towards his master he finally decided to leave so he could find his true self, which resulted in secluding himself in a meditation chamber that he built in 1966. This led him to discover the concept of Nothingness after many of attempts at other meditation practices. Realizing how powerful his meditation can be he wanted to engage with the public and teach the Buddhist ways and lived by the phrase "After realization, enlighten others.".

Teachings
Thích Thanh Từ began his teachings in December 1971 with only 10 students and involved scriptures, discourses, history and meditation methods. His focus is to be aware of any false thoughts, but prevent from attaching to them. Three years later opened three new monasteries which included Linh Quang, Chân Không, Bát Nhã monasteries. From the initial 10 students he taught, he went on to teach thousands of other monks and nuns to pass on his dharma teachings. He also founded Thường Chiếu monastery (1974) in Long Thành which became the headquarters of his organization in 1986. Thích Thanh Từ discovered meditation to help improve the common practice of Vietnamese Zen in Vietnam, mainly at the site of the Trúc Lâm school. His practice methods are constructed from 3 important keys in historical Zen from China, which consists of patriarch Huệ Khả, Huệ Năng, and Trúc Lâm Đầu Đà. He put together their enlightened ideas and practice which they now practice in his monasteries’. He refers to the "Transmission of the Lamp" as one of the main objectives of distributing his teachings among his students of the Trúc Lâm philosophies. He talks about lighting 10 to 20 torches which will then light 30 to 40 torches in order to light up the whole world.

Trúc Lâm

History
Trúc Lâm was founded in and around the time of Trần Nhân Tông (1258–1308) who was a former king of Vietnam. The first Trúc Lâm Temple was on top of Yên Tử Mountain where Nhan Tong retired to. This was the only school of Zen that was founded in Vietnam instead of originating from China. The Trúc Lâm sect grew enormously with the help of the next 2 patriarchs, Pháp Loa and Huyền Quang. Once they came to the end of their time, the school successfully came to an end. After many attempts to revive the school, Thích Thanh Từ is the most recent and becoming the most successful monk to restore Trúc Lâm. He built a monastery in Yên Tử Mountain to re-connect the meaning of Trúc Lâm to its origin, and while using this name, is able to strengthen the impact of his movement. Although it can be argued that what he had created was not original Trúc Lâm Buddhism but still had a positive effect on the reform of Buddhism on the global level.

Thích Thanh Từ's influence
His efforts are brought forth from the principles of 3 patriarchs whom he believes have very minimal amounts of transition from traditional Chinese Buddhism. Thích Thanh Từ claims to be re-establishing the Trúc Lâm traditions but in his own way has modified it from its original ways. He wasn't much of a global influence in his earlier years of work, but in recent history has been on top of Buddhist movements on the global level. His initial work in Vietnam has now moved onwards to western civilization by getting his word across through the translation of books that he has written. He is having the most influence on today's view on Buddhism and what it means to be a Buddhist monk through the implementation of the revived religion referred to as Trúc Lâm.

Writings
Thích Thanh Từ started writing in 1961 and in over 45 years has written over 50 books.

 My Whole Life
 The Source of Buddhist Dharmas
 The Carefree Leaves
 If You Know
 Buddhism and the Youths
 The Practicing Method of Vietnamese Zen

References

Sources
Philip Taylor, Modernity and Re-enchantment: Religion in Post-revolutionary Vietnam (Maryland, US, 2008)

External links
Pháp thoại của thầy Thích Thanh Từ
http://www.truclamvietzen.net
http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/985459
http://eng.tvdaidang.org/dharma.html
http://www.truclamvietzen.net/BookAudio.htm
http://www.truclamvietzen.net/MasterTTT.htm

Vietnamese Buddhist monks
Vietnamese non-fiction writers
Thiền Buddhists
Vietnamese Zen Buddhists
Zen Buddhist spiritual teachers
Living people
1924 births
People from Cần Thơ
Converts to Buddhism
Zen Buddhism writers
20th-century Buddhist monks
21st-century Buddhist monks
20th-century non-fiction writers
21st-century non-fiction writers
20th-century Vietnamese writers
21st-century Vietnamese writers


Robert Charles Suderburg (28 January 1936 in Spencer, Iowa – 22 April 2013 in Williamstown, Massachusetts) was an American composer, conductor, and pianist.

Biography
The son of a jazz trombonist, Suderburg studied composition with Paul Fetler at the University of Minnesota, where he received a BA in 1957. He did post-graduate studies with Richard Donovan at Yale University (MM 1960), and with George Rochberg at the University of Pennsylvania, where he received his PhD in 1966 with a dissertation, "Tonal Cohesion in Schoenberg's Twelve-tone Music".

After teaching at Bryn Mawr College, the Philadelphia Academy of Music, and the University of Pennsylvania, in 1966 he was appointed professor at the University of Washington in Seattle, where he also became associate director of the University of Washington's Contemporary Group, and taught there until 1974. From 1974 to 1984 he was chancellor of the North Carolina School of the Arts, and in 1985 joined the music faculty of Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts. He served as chair of the department from 1986 to 1995. In 1994 he was appointed to a named chair, and continued to teach until his retirement in 2001.

Suderburg's compositions have been published by Theodore Presser and performed nationally and internationally by major orchestras, ensembles, and solo artists, including the Philadelphia Orchestra, the Seattle and North Carolina symphonies, and the Philadelphia String Quartet. His works and performances have been recorded by Columbia, Vox and Delfon, among others. Suderburg taught music at Williams College beginning in 1985, became composer-in-residence  there in 1986, and served as Chair of the Music Department from 1986 to 1995. He retired in 2001. Suderburg conducted and taught at Bryn Mawr, the Philadelphia Musical Academy, the University of Pennsylvania, and the City University of New York. He also served as Co-director of the Contemporary Group at the University of Washington (1966–74), and President of the Cornish Institute in Seattle (1984–85). He served on many boards and panels, including the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) Composers Panel from 1975 to 1981. He received fellowships, awards, and prizes including two Guggenheim Fellowships, two NEA Fellowships, numerous ASCAP awards, awards from the Rockefeller Foundation and the American Music Center, the USIA award, and others.

Musical style
Suderburg's earlier compositions were serial, but in the late 1960s he abandoned twelve-tone technique and turned to a highly personal, lyrical, basically neoromantic style. His musical language is largely modal, with Phrygian and Lydian predominating, and occasionally adopts scale patterns characteristic of non-Western traditions, such as those of Japanese koto music. Rising major sevenths and minor ninths are favoured melodic intervals, and his harmonies frequently feature sounds derived from the major-seventh and major-seventh with added fourth chords. He tends to use moderate to slow underlying tempos, but with active and pliable surface rhythms, suggesting improvisation.

Compositions (selective list)
 Concert Mass, for SATB choir (1960)
 Six Moments, for piano (1962)
 Cantata I (text: Revelations), for soprano and chamber orchestra (1963)
 Cantata II (text by the composer), for tenor and chamber orchestra (1964)
 Composition on Traditional Carols, SATB choir, congregation, brass choir (1965)
 Choruses on Poems of Yeats, soprano, tenor, SATB choir, and chamber orchestra (1966)
 Chamber Music I ("Entertainments"), for violin and cello (1967)
 Chamber Music II ("Dramatic Entertainments"), for string quartet (1967)
 Orchestra Music I (1969)
 Show, for child actor and orchestra (1970)
 Solo Music I, for violin (1971)
 Chamber Music III ("Night Set"), for trombone and piano (1972)
 Winds/Vents, for orchestra (1973)
 Concerto, Within the Mirror of Time, for piano and orchestra (1974)
 Chamber Music IV ("Ritual Series"), for percussion ensemble (1975)
 Chamber Music V ("Stevenson"), for solo voice, string quartet, and tape (1976)
 Percussion Concerto (1977)
 Voyage de nuit, concerto after Baudelaire, for solo voice and chamber orchestra (1978)
 Chamber Music VI ("Three Movements"), for violin and double bass (1980)
 Harp Concerto (1982, rev. 1989)
 Chamber Music VII ("Ceremonies"), for trumpet and piano (1984)
 Chamber Music VIII (Sonata for trumpet and piano) (1988)
 Solo Music II ("Ritual Cycle of Lyrics and Dances"), for viola (1989)
 Chamber Music IX ("Breath and Circuses"), for voice, trombone, and piano (1991)
 Chamber Music X ("Entertainment Sets"), for brass quintet (1992)
 Chamber Music XI ("Strophes of Night and Dawn after Baudelaire"), for brass quintet (1992)
 Ceremonial Music, for brass quintet (1993)
 Fanfare for Bowdoin, for brass quintet (1993)
 Solo Music III ("Bill at Colonus"), for clarinet (1997)
 Five Songs (Amerindian texts), for solo voice, children’s chorus, and piano (1997)
 Chamber Music XII ("Concerto Passages"), for brass quintet (1998)

Discography
 Chamber Music II ("Dramatic Entertainments for String Quartet"). Philadelphia String Quartet. The Contemporary Composer in the USA. [U.S.]: Turnabout, 1974. LP, TV-S 34524. With George Rochberg: String Quartet No. 2.
 Chamber Music III ("Night Set"), for trombone and piano; Chamber Music IV ("Ritual Series"), for percussion ensemble; Chamber music V ("Stevenson"), for voice, string quartet, and tape. Stuart Dempster, trombone; Robert Suderburg, piano; Elizabeth Suderburg, soprano; Ciompi String Quartet; University of Michigan Percussion Ensemble, cond. Charles Owen. Newark, N.J.: Delfcon Recording Society, 1990. CD, DRS 2127.
Chamber Music III ("Night Set") for trombone and piano. Blues, Ballads and Beyond. Mark Hetzler, trombone; . Summit Records DCD 668, 2015.
 Chamber music IV ("Ritual Series"). First Construction. Winthrop University Percussion Ensemble, cond. Adam Snow. [Rock Hill, S.C.]: Eagle Editions, 2002. CD. With works by Ronald Lo Presti, John Cage, Bob Becker, Camille Saint-Saëns, Charles Gounod, Manuel de Falla, and David Rose.
 Chamber Music VII ("Ceremonies"), for trumpet and piano. Mixed Doubles. Michael Hilton Tunnell, trumpet; Meme Tunnell, piano. Columbus, Ohio: Coronet, 1990. LP, LPS 3210. With works by Donald H. White, David Liptak.
 Chamber Music VII ("Ceremonies", and Chamber Music VIII (Sonata for trumpet in C and piano). Trumpet Works. Charles Schlueter, trumpet; Deborah DeWolf Emery, piano. White Plains, N.Y.: Kleos Classics, 2003. CD, KL5126. With Jean Hubeau, Sonata for trumpet and piano; Paul Hindemith, Sonata for trumpet and piano.
 Chamber Music VII ("Ceremonies"), for trumpet and piano. The International Trumpet Guild Presents Terry Everson. Terry Everson, trumpet; Susan Nowicki, piano. International Trumpet Guild. CD, ITG 001. Issued with the Journal of the International Trumpet Guild 16, no. 1 (1991). With works by Peter Maxwell Davies, Robert Henderson, Jacques Castérède, Fisher Tull, and Aaron Copland.
 Chamber Music VII: ("Ceremonies"), and Chamber Music VIII (Sonata for trumpet in C and piano). Bravura Trumpet. Charles Schlueter, trumpet; Robert Suderburg, piano. Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Vox Classics, 1995. CD, VOX 7513.
 Chamber Music VIII (Sonata for trumpet in C and piano). Parable. Terry Everson, trumpet; Susan Nowicki, piano. Heerenveen, Holland: De Haske Classical, 1997. CD, DHR 197.006. With music by Joseph Turrin, Norman Dello Joio, Vincent Persichetti, Jan Krzywicki, and Augusta Read Thomas.
 Chamber Music XI ("Strophes of Night and Dawn after Baudelaire"), for brass quintet. Strophes of the Night and Dawn. Florida State Brass Quintet. Camus, WA: Crystal Records, 1997. CD, 566. With music by J. S. Bach, Richard Peaslee,  John Cheetham, Gwyneth Walker, Steven Everett, and Jan Koetsier.
 Concerto Within the Mirror of Time, for piano and orchestra. Béla Siki, piano; Seattle Symphony Orchestra, cond. Milton Katims. New York: Odyssey, 1976. LP, Y 34140. With William Schuman: Symphony no. 8.
 “Sanctus”, from the Concert Mass. Portland State University Chamber Choir, cond. Bruce Brown. Albany Records. CD, TROY 243. With works by Bryan Johanson, Tomas Svoboda, Salvador Brotons, Vijay Singh, and Norman Dinerstein. Reissued online, New York: DRAM, 2007. Streaming audio, TR243. (Subscription access)
 Solo Music I, for unaccompanied violin, and Solo music II: Ritual Cycle of Lyrics and Dance, for unaccompanied viola. 20th Century Bravura Chamber Music. Elizabeth Suderburg, soprano; Timothy Baker, violin;  Donald McInnes, viola;  Russell Miller, piano. Pleasantville, N.Y.: Kleos Classics, 2000. CD, KL 5106. With Charles Martin Loeffler: Quatre poèmes, for voice, viola and piano, op. 5; Paul Hindemith: Sonata for viola and piano, op. 11 no. 4.
 Voyage de nuit (Concerto d'après Baudelaire). Elizabeth Suderburg, soprano; Piedmont Chamber Orchestra, cond. Nicholas Harsanyi. Turnabout, 1981. LP, TV 34776. With Benjamin Britten: Les illuminations, op. 18.

Sources

Footnotes

External links
Robert Suderburg's page at Theodore Presser Company
In Memoriam: Dr. Robert Suderburg, University of North Carolina School of the Arts
Robert C. Suderburg papers at Williams College Archives & Special Collections

1936 births
2013 deaths
People from Spencer, Iowa
University of Minnesota alumni
Yale University alumni
University of Pennsylvania alumni
20th-century classical composers
21st-century classical composers
American male classical composers
American classical composers
21st-century American composers
20th-century American composers
20th-century American male musicians
21st-century American male musicians


Amina Said, also spelled Amina Saïd (born 1953 in Tunis) is a Tunisian author and poet. Her father is Tunisian and her mother is French. Said has been living in Paris since 1978, where she studied literature at the Sorbonne. She has published several books of poetry, Tunisian folk stories, short stories and essays. Much of her work has been translated into other languages, mainly Arabic, German, Turkish, English and Italian. Said has translated works by the Filipino writer Francisco Sionil José from English into French.

She is a member of the jury (poetry) for the . The Australian composer Richard Mills used her poetry for his work Songlines of the Heart's Desire (2007).

Awards
Said received the Jean Malrieu Prize in 1989 for Feu d'oiseaux, and in 1994, the Charles Vildrac Prize.

Selected works
Paysages, nuit friable, 1980, Éditions Barbare
Métamorphose de l'île et de la vague, 1985, Arcantère, Paris
Sables funambules, 1988, Arcantère/
Feu d'oiseaux, 1989, Les Cahiers du Sud, Marseille
Nul autre lieu, 1992, Écrits des Forges, Quebec
L'une et l'autre nuit, 1993, Editions le Dé bleu, France
Marcher sur la Terre, 1994, , Paris
Gisements de lumière, 1998, Éditions de la Différence, Paris

References

External links
5th Poetry Africa Festival, 2001

1953 births
Writers from Tunis
French-language poets
Tunisian writers in French
Tunisian translators
English–French translators
University of Paris alumni
Living people
20th-century Tunisian women writers
20th-century Tunisian writers
21st-century Tunisian women writers
21st-century Tunisian writers


The Blastolene Indy Special is a unique, specially built car. Created from a military tank engine and a custom-made aluminium body, it produces 810 bhp at 2,800 rpm and 1,560 ft-lb of torque at 2,400 rpm. The successor to the Blastolene Special, the design of the Blastolene Indy Special is styled after a 1950s era Indy Car.

The car sold at auction on January 23, 2010.

See also
 Rolls-Royce Merlin alternative uses

References

External links
Blastolene Indy Special official site.

One-off cars

Individual cars


Roosevelt Station can refer to:

Central at Roosevelt (METRO Light Rail station), a station on the METRO Light Rail in Phoenix, Arizona, United States
Franklin D. Roosevelt (Paris Métro) a station on the Paris Métro in Paris, France
Roosevelt station (CTA), a station on the Chicago 'L' in Chicago, Illinois, United States
Roosevelt (Tren Urbano station), a station on the Tren Urbano in San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States
Roosevelt station (LRT), a station on the Manila Light Rail Transit System in Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines
Roosevelt station (Sound Transit), a station on the Link light rail system in Seattle, Washington, United States


Georgeville () is a community on Cape George in Antigonish County, Nova Scotia, Canada.

St. George's Church is a two-storey, Gothic Revival Roman Catholic Church built between 1860 and 1871. It is a municipally designated heritage property valued for its association with the history of Roman Catholic settlement in the area. A small chapel built in 1830 at Morar, some  away, was hauled to the site and now serves as a vestry for the church.

References

Communities in Antigonish County, Nova Scotia


In statistics and econometrics, extremum estimators are a wide class of estimators for parametric models that are calculated through maximization (or minimization) of a certain objective function, which depends on the data. The general theory of extremum estimators was developed by .

Definition
An estimator  is called an extremum estimator, if there is an objective function  such that

where Θ is the parameter space. Sometimes a slightly weaker definition is given:

where op(1) is the variable converging in probability to zero. With this modification  doesn't have to be the exact maximizer of the objective function, just be sufficiently close to it.

The theory of extremum estimators does not specify what the objective function should be. There are various types of objective functions suitable for different models, and this framework allows us to analyse the theoretical properties of such estimators from a unified perspective. The theory only specifies the properties that the objective function has to possess, and so selecting a particular objective function only requires verifying that those properties are satisfied.

Consistency

If the parameter space Θ is compact and there is a limiting function Q0(θ) such that:  converges to Q0(θ) in probability uniformly over Θ, and the function Q0(θ) is continuous and has a unique maximum at θ = θ0 then  is consistent for θ0.

The uniform convergence in probability of  means that

The requirement for Θ to be compact can be replaced with a weaker assumption that the maximum of Q0 was well-separated, that is there should not exist any points θ that are distant from θ0 but such that Q0(θ) were close  to Q0(θ0). Formally, it means that for any sequence {θi} such that , it should be true that .

Asymptotic normality

Assuming that consistency has been established and the derivatives of the sample  satisfy some other conditions, the extremum estimator converges to an asymptotically Normal distribution.

Examples

See also
 M-estimators

Notes

References

Estimator


Sacrifice play may refer to:

 Sacrifice fly, in baseball
 Bunt (baseball), in baseball
 Sacrifice (chess), in chess
 Coup (bridge), a play in the card game contract bridge
 Hold up (bridge), a play in the card game contract bridge

See also
 Sacrifice (disambiguation)


Vasse Felix was the first vineyard and winery to be established in the Margaret River wine region of Western Australia. Founded in Wilyabrup in 1967 by Dr Tom Cullity, it is recognised as a pioneer of the region, and also features an acclaimed restaurant in Cowaramup.

History

The first vintage at Vasse Felix was disappointing, with the harvest being substantially reduced by attacks from silver eyes, and by the after-effects of bunch rot.  However, by the 1970s the winery was winning medals at the Perth Royal Show.

Restaurant
The restaurant at Vasse Felix was awarded two stars, and won the award for the Regional Restaurant of the Year, in The West Australian Good Food Guide 2013.

See also

 Australian wine
 Heytesbury Pty Ltd
 Janet Holmes à Court
 Robert Holmes à Court
 List of wineries in Western Australia
 Western Australian wine

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links
Vasse Felix – official site

Restaurants in Western Australia
Wineries in Western Australia
Companies based in Perth, Western Australia
1967 establishments in Australia
Restaurants established in 1967
Cowaramup, Western Australia
Wilyabrup, Western Australia


Showa: A History of Japan, known in Japan as , is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Shigeru Mizuki. An autobiographical work, this manga describes the author's experiences growing up during the Shōwa period. The author is a veteran of the Japanese army, but his series is filled with critical views of Japanese and American militarism.

Release
The manga was originally released by Kodansha as  between November 1988 and December 1989. The manga was republished as Comic Showa-shi by Kodansha from August 1, to November 4, 1994, and a box with all the eight volumes was released on December 14, 1994. An adaptation titled  was written by Kōji Kata and published on August 19, 2004 by Iwanami Shoten.

In February 2013, Drawn & Quarterly announced it would publish the manga under the title Showa: A History of Japan. The company released Showa 1926-1939 in October 2013, Showa 1939-1944 in May 2014, Showa 1944-1953 in November 2014, and Showa 1953-1989 in September 2015.

Reception
It received the 1989 Kodansha Manga Award for the general category. In 2014 and 2016, respectively, the first edition and the fourth edition of Showa published by Drawn & Quarterly were nominated by the Harvey Awards in the category "Best American Edition of Foreign Material". It was also nominated at the Eisner Award in the category "Best U.S. Edition of International Material—Asia" in 2014 for Showa 1926-1939, and it won it in 2015 and 2016 for Showa 1939-1944 and Showa 1953-1989 respectively.

Comics critic Paul Gravett elected Showa: A History of Japan the third best manga published in North America in 2014, asking "What a better way to tell an epic modern history lesson than in these multi-layered, accessible manga?"

Ian Scheffler of the Los Angeles Times praised the "knack for narrative" and "ability to convey the mood of a nation" expressed by the author.

References

External links

Drawn & Quarterly titles
Historical anime and manga
Kodansha manga
Seinen manga
Shigeru Mizuki
Winner of Kodansha Manga Award (General)
Autobiographical anime and manga


The Little Wise Guys is a group of fictional characters, created by Charles Biro, who first appeared in comic books from Lev Gleason Publications in the 1940s and Image Comics in the 2010s.

Publication history

The four original Little Wise Guys first appeared in Daredevil Comics #13 (Oct. 1942) and became the sidekicks of the title character. The original lineup included Scarecrow, Pee Wee, Jock and Meatball. Two issues later, one of them—Meatball—was killed off, and in issue #16 Curly was added.

As superheroes declined in popularity, Daredevil's role was gradually reduced to introducing the Wise Guys at the beginning of their stories. Starting with issue #70 (January 1951), he disappeared completely; the book was still called Daredevil Comics, but only the Little Wise Guys remained. The titular star briefly reappeared in issues #79 and 80, but that was the end of him.

Daredevil Comics ended with issue #134 (Sept. 1956), and the Little Wise Guys vanished along with it.

In 2009, however, the Little Wise Guys and Daredevil became supporting characters in the Image Comics series Savage Dragon, beginning with issue #148. These five characters, along with dozens of other Golden Age characters, had been brought back to life in an earlier issue of Savage Dragon (#141), although the Little Wise Guys didn't appear until this later issue.

Also that year, Curly was brought back in the Dynamite Entertainment miniseries The Death-Defying 'Devil as The Dragon.

Fictional biography

Lev Gleason Publications
In the early 1940s, a group of young orphans and runaways called the Little Wise Guys encountered the superhero Daredevil while he was fighting a German-American cult. The four boys—Meatball, Jock, Scarecrow, and Peewee—soon became Daredevil's sidekicks. Later, Meatball was killed in action, and his place in the gang was soon taken over by a bald kid called Curly. When the four kids weren't helping Daredevil to battle crime, they were having rambunctious adventures of their own.

Image Comics
It was revealed that the Little Wise Guys, along with their mentor Daredevil, were captured by Solar Man and put in suspended animation. Their life force, along with those of dozens of other superpowered characters from the Golden Age of comics were used to augment Solar Man's in his fight against crime. Years later, ShadowHawk released the captured heroes from captivity and restored them to life. Now in the present, they have relocated to Chicago, Illinois, and frequently accompany Daredevil, Angel and Malcolm Dragon on adventures. When Savage Dragon faced Dart, she was knocked unconscious and the unaware Wise Guys, along with Daredevil took her into their care. Dart brutally murdered Jock who was watching when the others were away. Later she murdered the last three.

Dynamite Entertainment
Decades later, an elderly Curly saw a television broadcast announcing that the superheroes who had mysteriously vanished years ago had now returned, and that 'Devil was among them. Curly knew the original Daredevil had died in 1987, and on his deathbed had given Curly one of his boomerangs. Determined to expose the fraud, Curly obtained a drug on the black market that returned him to peak physical condition, and donned a green and purple version of 'Devil's costume; calling himself The Dragon, he then sought out 'Devil and exposed the fraud.

References

External links
 Little Wise Guys at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Archived from the original on March 11, 2015.

Child characters in comics
Orphan characters in comics
Fictional orphans
Comic book sidekicks
Fictional quartets
Male characters in comics
Comics about children
Comics characters introduced in 1942
Savage Dragon characters
Golden Age superheroes


The East Carolina Pirates men's basketball team represents East Carolina University in NCAA Division I college basketball and competes in the American Athletic Conference. The Pirates are coached by Mike Schwartz.

History

Basketball became the first intercollegiate sport at East Carolina, beginning with the 1931–1932 season. The Pirates joined the NAIA North State Conference in 1947, winning the conference title in 1953–54 and appeared in the NAIA National Tournament two years in 1953 and '54, winning two district titles before losing in the first round of the national finals. Ten years later, ECU made the jump to Division I as a member of the Southern Conference and became a full-fledged member during the 1965–66 season. ECU captured the SoCon tournament title in 1972 and reached the NCAA tournament for the first time. Three years later, ECU returned to the postseason when it received an invitation to inaugural Collegiate Commissioners Tournament, losing to Arizona in the first round. ECU withdrew from the Southern Conference two years later, opting to remain a Division I-A football institution and an independent in all other sports.

ECU joined the East Coast Athletic Conference and competed in the South Division in 1981–82. The seven members of the division formed the Colonial Athletic Association in 1985. Theodore "Blue" Edwards was named the conference's Player-of-the-Year for 1988–89 and as selected by the Utah Jazz with the 21st overall pick of the 1989 NBA draft. Two years later, ECU hired Eddie Payne as its head coach and in his second year he led the Pirates to a memorable three-day run through the 1993 CAA Championship tournament and the program's first NCAA appearance in 21 years. ECU lost to eventual national champion North Carolina in the first round. Payne coached the Pirates for four seasons before giving way to his top assistant Joe Dooley, who also led the program for four seasons (1995–99) and compiled the highest winning percentage in the school's Division I history.

After 15 years as a member of the CAA, ECU joined Conference USA in 2001–02 and its first season earned its first-ever victory over an AP Top-10 team, defeating No. 9 Marquette. The Pirates spent 13 seasons in C-USA before becoming a member of the newly formed American Athletic Conference in 2014–15. As a member of Conference USA, ECU made three consecutive appearances in the CIT postseason tournament, claiming the tournament championship in 2013 as Akeem Richmond's buzzer-beater gave the Pirates a championship game win over Weber State.

East Carolina has had four players to reach the NBA level. In addition to Edwards, Oliver Mack who was selected by the Los Angeles Lakers as the third pick in the second round of the 1979 NBA draft, George Maynor, who was selected by the Chicago Bulls as the sixth pick in the fourth round of the 1979 NBA Draft, and Charles Alford, who was selected by the Los Angeles Lakers as the ninth pick in the 10th round of the 1968 NBA draft.

Williams Arena at Minges Coliseum

The Pirates play their home games at the 8,000-seat Williams Arena at Minges Coliseum. The arena is connected to the second level of the Murphy Center, the Pirates' athletic training facility, by an indoor walkway.

Constructed at a cost of $2 million, Minges Coliseum was dedicated on Jan. 27, 1968, in the name of the Minges family of Greenville, N.C. As owners of Pepsi-Cola bottling operations in Greenville, Kinston and New Bern, the Minges family has provided leadership and support of East Carolina University Athletics over the years, going back to the days when Dr. Ray Minges served as President of the Century Club (forerunner of the Pirate Club), from 1965–68. After 27 years of basketball, Minges Coliseum underwent a facelift prior to the 1994–95 season.

Williams Arena is named in honor and recognition of Walter and Marie Williams for their support of East Carolina Athletics over the years. As alumni of East Carolina College, Walter and Marie have endowed two Men's Basketball Position scholarships, the Spirit of the East Post-Eligibility Scholarship, and an unrestricted student-athlete scholarship on behalf of the University's athletics program. Further, through Trade Oil Company, the Williams family gave the first $1 million gift ever given to the Educational Foundation in support of ECU Athletics, through the Shared Visions Campaign. In addition to his financial support, Walter Williams has given his time unselfishly in support of the Pirate Club. During 1997–98, Walter served as Executive President of the Educational Foundation.

Smith-Williams Center

The Smith-Williams Center, which is structurally connected to Minges Coliseum, is the headquarters for and is devoted exclusively to the men's and women's basketball programs, providing them with a state-of-the-art venue in which to practice, train and condition. The , multi-level facility, which opened in 2013, features mirror-image practice courts, locker rooms, coaches' offices, meeting rooms, and training rooms for each program, and houses the Athletics Hall of Fame, which features an interactive display of the history of intercollegiate athletics at ECU.
Named in honor of principal donors Harry and Tammy Smith and Walter and Marie Williams, the center has a total project cost of $17 million that was funded entirely through private gifts. The Smith's commitment of $1 million toward the Step Up To The Highest Level Campaign in December 2011, coupled with leadership gifts from the Williams family and contributions of numerous other donors enabled the construction of the facility. Each court is named for donors who contributed significantly to the Step Up To The Highest Level campaign. The floor inside the women's practice gym is called Barnhill Court, in recognition of the financial support of Bob Barnhill of Tarboro. The men's gym floor is named Rogers-Whitaker court, in appreciation of the monetary gifts of Mike and Janet Rogers of Cary, N.C., and Don and Donna Whitaker of Virginia Beach, Va. Whitaker was a two-year ECU basketball letterman for coaches Dave Patton and Larry Gillman.

Division I post season results

NCAA tournament
The Pirates have appeared in two NCAA tournaments. Their combined record is 0–2.

CIT
The Pirates have appeared in three CollegeInsider.com Postseason Tournaments (CIT). Their combined record is 5–2 and they were CIT champions in 2013.

NCIT
The Pirates appeared in one of the only two ever Collegiate Commissioners Association Tournaments. Their record was 0–1.

Retired number

Pirates drafted by NBA
 Theodore "Blue" Edwards – Utah Jazz (21st overall) 1989
 Oliver Mack – Los Angeles Lakers (third pick in the second round) 1979
 George Maynor – Chicago Bulls (sixth pick in the fourth round) 1979
 Charles Alford – Los Angeles Lakers (ninth pick in the tenth round) 1968

Players in the NBA
 Oliver Mack – 1979–1982
 Theodore "Blue" Edwards – 1989–1999
 Jonathan Kerner – 1997
 Elijah Hughes – 2016

Players in foreign leagues

Maurice Kemp (born 1991), basketball player in the Israeli Basketball Premier League

References

External links


Heroes of Tobruk is a young adult historical novel written by David Mulligan. It is set in Italian North Africa during World War II and was first published by Scholastic in 2008.

Plot summary
The story follows Peter Fullerton and Tony Cantonelli's teen life as they illegally join the Australian army and are shipped off to the Siege of Tobruk. They soon become men as they experience heartfelt moments and feel much hurt throughout the story.

Blurb
There's always a moment of almost uncontrollable fear and terror when a patrol comes back and the face you're looking for isn't there.

It is 1940, and sixteen-year-old Peter Fullerton and his best mate Tony Cantonelli give false names and lie about their age to enlist in the army. Heroes Of Tobruk follows Peter and Tony from the outbreak of war, through military training and the Siege of Tobruk.

A moving story about the horror of war and the courage of ordinary soldiers.

References

2008 Australian novels
Australian young adult novels
Novels set during World War II
Novels set in Libya
Fiction set in 1940
Children's books set in Libya
Children's books set during World War II


François Macquard or François Macquart (18 October 1738 – 29 November 1801) joined the French royal army as an infantryman, fought in the Seven Years' War, and rose slowly from the ranks to become an officer in the 1780s. While serving in Italy during the French Revolutionary Wars, he became a general officer. In the Italian campaign of 1796, he fought in several actions under the orders of Napoleon Bonaparte.

Early career
Macquard joined the French royal army in 1755 as a foot soldier. Wounded four times at the Battle of Minden on 1 August 1759, he later entered the cavalry in a dragoon regiment. In 1785 he received his officer's commission. During the French Revolutionary Wars he served in Army of Italy beginning in 1792 and gained rapid promotion. In 1794 he became a general of brigade and in 1795 he rose to general of division after winning an action at Saorge (Saorgio).

Under Bonaparte
When Bonaparte took over command of the army, Macquard led a small 3,700-man division that guarded the Col de Tende together with Pierre Dominique Garnier's 3,400-strong division. His command included the brigades of Jean David and Claude Dallemagne. During the Montenotte Campaign which ended with the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont suing for peace, Macquard's division was not engaged. After this event, Bonaparte brought Dallemagne's brigade to the front. Macquard's division is listed in the orders of battle for the July 1796 Siege of Mantua. He led a 2,700-strong infantry reserve during the third Austrian relief of Mantua. His reserve was present at the Second Battle of Bassano on 6 November. During the Battle of Arcola his 3,000-man force held Verona and neutralized Austrian General Jozsef Alvinczi's advance guard.

Macquard retired from the army in 1797 and died in 1801. On 14 August 1796, Bonaparte tersely summed up his qualities, "Brave man, no talent, lively."

Footnotes

References

Printed materials
 Boycott-Brown, Martin. The Road to Rivoli. London: Cassell & Co., 2001.
 Chandler, David. The Campaigns of Napoleon. New York: Macmillan, 1966.
 Chandler, David. Dictionary of the Napoleonic Wars. New York: Macmillan, 1979.

 Smith, Digby. The Napoleonic Wars Data Book. London: Greenhill, 1998.

1738 births
1801 deaths
French generals
Military leaders of the French Revolutionary Wars
French military personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars
French Republican military leaders of the French Revolutionary Wars


Luís Henrique  may refer to:

 Luís Henrique (footballer, born 1960), Luís Henrique Dias, Brazilian football goalkeeper
 Luís Henrique (footballer, born 1968), Luís Henrique Pereira dos Santos, Brazilian football midfielder
 Luís Henrique (footballer, born 1979), Luís Henrique Silveira, Brazilian football left-back
 Luis Henrique (fighter) (born 1993), Brazilian mixed martial artist
 Luís Henrique (footballer, born 1998), Luís Henrique Farinhas Taffner, Brazilian football forward
 Luis Henrique (footballer, born 2001), Luis Henrique Tomaz de Lima, Brazilian football forward

See also
Luis Enrique (disambiguation)


Great Canadian Wrestling (GCW) is an independent professional wrestling promotion company based in Oshawa, Ontario. GCW was founded in 2005 and promotes shows throughout Southern Ontario. The company also hosts since 2005 an annual Great Canadian Wrestling Expo that takes place over several days and brings together a large group of wrestlers. Currently, four championships are defended at GCW events.

GCW events featured a roster of wrestlers who compete regularly for the promotion as well as occasional appearances by wrestlers currently signed with major promotions. In addition, a group of "legends", or veteran wrestlers from other promotions, also would compete on occasion for GCW.

On February 18, 2009, GCW began an online broadcast titled GCWtv.

In November 2015, GCW rebranded itself as Infinity Wrestling.

History
GCW gives out the Ontario Indy Wrestling Awards annually, which is eligible to all wrestling promotions and wrestlers who perform in Ontario.

Wrestling Expo
Beginning in 2005, the promotion's first year, GCW has assembled a group of wrestlers from various promotions to compete in a multi-day event known as the Great Canadian Wrestling Expo. The first Expo attracted 600 visitors and included merchandise sales from a wide variety of vendors, an auction, and opportunities to meet with the wrestlers for autographs and photographs. Ed the Sock was named commissioner for the event and proceeds from the weekend were donated to the Sick Kids Foundation. In 2006, the event was combined with the 10th Annual Anime North Convention. The event featured primarily traditional wrestling matches but also included gimmick matches such as one between wrestlers competing as the Green Power Ranger and the Red Power Ranger for leadership of the Power Rangers, as well as an encounter between Team Sailor Moon and Team Rocket. This cross-promotional event attracted 11,286 paid attendees. Since 2006, GCW has continued to promote a series of shows along with Anime North.

Wrestlers

Although GCW promotes matches with many wrestlers who have not appeared in major promotions, the organization also has an agreement with Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) that facilitates events titled TNmAyhem, in which wrestlers from TNA compete. The first of these cards took place on May 24, 2007, and features appearances by such wrestlers as Raven, Christopher Daniels, and A.J. Styles. GCW events also feature wrestlers who have gained fame in major American promotions, such as Billy Gunn, The Honky Tonk Man, and Koko B. Ware.

Roster
GCW had a regular group of wrestlers that competed for the promotion; this includes both male and female wrestlers. In addition, many wrestlers made sporadic appearances for the company. On the company roster, GCW divides these occasional performers into two groups: legends (longtime wrestlers, many of whom are semi-retired) and superstars (wrestlers who currently compete, or have recently competed, for major promotions).

Regular roster
GCW's regular roster consisted of wrestlers who competed for the promotion on a regular basis:

W.I.L.D. Division
The W.I.L.D. Division consisted of GCW's female wrestlers:

Championships

GCW National Championship
The GCW National Championship was a professional wrestling championship that serves as the major championship for Great Canadian Wrestling.

GCW Interim Heavyweight Championship

In 2007, GCW National Champion Jake O'Reilly was injured but unwilling to vacate his title. As a result, an eight-man tournament was held to determine the first holder of the newly created GCW Interim Heavyweight Championship. O'Reilly, still holding his National Championship, returned in February 2008, and the two titles were unified when Otis Idol defeated O'Reilly in October 2008.

GCW Ontario Independent Championship
The GCW Ontario Independent Championship is a secondary title in the Great Canadian Wrestling promotion. It was created in May 2006, and a four-man tournament was held to determine the initial champion.

{| class="wikitable sortable" width=100%
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!style="background: #e3e3e3;" width=0% |Times:
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| Kris Chambers
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| Jake O'Reilly
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| Oshawa, Ontario
| {{small|Defeated Kris Chambers at ''Final War}}
|-
| Hayden Avery
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| Oshawa, Ontario
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| Cody Deaner
| 1
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| Oshawa, Ontario
|
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| Hayden the Destroyer
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| Oshawa, Ontario
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| Cody 45
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GCW Tag Team Championship
The GCW Tag Team Championship was a championship that serves as the major tag team championship in the Great Canadian Wrestling promotion.

GCW WILD Championship
The GCW WILD Championship''' is a professional wrestling championship that serves as the major women's championship in the Great Canadian Wrestling promotion.

References

External links
GCWE.ca – official website
CanadianWrestlingExpo.com – official website (old URL)
Event results at Online World of Wrestling
Ontario Indy Wrestling Photos and current news at Ontario Indy Wrestling

Canadian professional wrestling promotions
Professional wrestling in Ontario


Massimo Scaligero, born Antonio Sgabelloni in Veroli, Italy (1906–1980) an Italian spiritual teacher and member of "Gruppo di Ur". A mentee of Julius Evola, Scaligero espoused fierce antisemitic views which were combined with esotericism and anthroposophy into a system of "integral racism" with the aim to bring Germany and Italy closer together in the same way it would the spiritual and the biological.

Works

English
The Light (La Luce): An introduction to creative imagination. Great Barrington, MA: Lindesfarne Books, 2001. .
The Secrets of Space and Time. Great Barrington, MA: Lindesfarne Books, 2013. .
A Practical Manual of Meditation. Great Barrington, MA: Lindesfarne Books, 2015. .
A Treatise on Living Thinking: A Path beyond Western Philosophy, beyond Yoga, beyond Zen. Great Barrington, MA: Lindesfarne Books, 2015. .
The Logic Against Humanity: The Myth of Science and the Path of Thinking. Great Barrington, MA: Lindesfarne Books, 2017. .

Italian (untranslated)
"La Razza di Roma", Mantero, Tivoli, 1939
The Way of the Solar Will
Immortal Love
Yoga, Meditation, Magic
From Yoga to the Rose Cross
The Logos and the New Mysteries
Psychotherapy;
Techniques of Inner Concentration
Healing with Thinking
Meditation and Miracles
Thinking as Antimaterialism
Western Kundalini
Isis Sophia
Zen and Logos

See also
Anthroposophy
The Philosophy of Freedom

References

External links
Massimo Scaligero, A Treatise on Living Thought, excerpt translated by Mark Nazzari Willan. Accessed 2009-04-07.

1906 births
1980 deaths
People from Veroli
Anthroposophists
Esotericists


Aditya Jha  is an Indian Canadian entrepreneur, philanthropist and social activist. A globetrotter, his business portfolio consists of several startups and company turnarounds with interests in Canada, India, Thailand and India. He also runs several philanthropic initiatives through his Private Charitable Foundation (POA Educational Foundation), promoting education and nurturing entrepreneurship to increase opportunities for the less fortunate. Jha takes special interest in nurturing prosperity and financial independence amongst Canadian First Nations (aboriginal) communities and individuals through education scholarships at top Canadian universities and a project (Project Beyshick) that nurtures entrepreneurship. Jha is 2012 inductee to the Order of Canada, Canada's highest civilian award.

Early life
Aditya Jha was born to an Indian-Nepalese family in Madhuwa Village India. (Half the village is in Nepal, and the other half in India.) His Mother tongue is Maithili. He was brought-up in a landed middle-class family of three brothers and two sisters. His father was a lawyer by profession and his mother was Indian from Sitamarhi district from where his father practiced law graduating from court of Sitamarhi, Bihar in India. Upon completion of his secondary education in a village near Indo-Nepal border, Aditya went on to pursue post-secondary education in Delhi, India. After receiving a bachelor's degree in sciences from Hans Raj College Delhi University, he went on to do M.Sc. Mathematical Statistics at Kurukshetra University and PG Diploma in Computer Science from Kurukshetra University. He further invested four and a half years from 1979 to 1984 as a Research Scholar at the School of Computer and Systems Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University before visiting Paris, France, for mainframe computer training with CIT Alcatel for six months. He was the recipient of the University Grants Commission's Junior and Senior scholarship and Research Associateship from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. He was very active in student politics and student union activities and worked underground with those working against when Emergency measures suspending democratic rights in India were promulgated. He played a leadership role with the largest student organization in India as General Secretary for Delhi and Haryana state and was on the National Executive of the national student organization when he was just 22 years old.

Career and business interests
He started his career in India and then subsequently worked in Singapore, Australia and South East Asian countries. He migrated to Canada in late 1994 and joined Bell Canada, later becoming a General Manager. After a career at Bell, he co-founded (with four other partners) a software company, Isopia Inc. Isopia was a Canadian success story and their company was acquired by Sun Microsystems for over $100 million (combination of cash & stock). After his work at Isopia, Aditya started Osellus Inc, another software firm with offices in Toronto and Bangkok, and diversified his portfolio through acquisition of several businesses including a business from Allan Candy/Cadbury Adams Canada. He renamed the confectionery manufacturing business, to Karma Candy owing to his belief in the concept of Karma. After this acquisition, Aditya helped save more than 150 jobs who were to be laid-off owing to the imminent closure of one of the oldest confectionery factories in Canada. From 2013-2016, Aditya was the CEO of the Euclid Infotech (Tendersinfo.com).

dgMarket International Inc - International Tenders & E-Procurement
In January 2017, Jha acquired dgMarket International Inc from Development Gateway. dgMarket is the oldest and one of the largest portal for tenders and consulting opportunities worldwide, with solicitations from national governments and international donor agencies.  It was created in 2001, as a part of Development Gateway (DG) at the initiative of the World Bank in an effort to enhancing the reach, transparency, and effectiveness of International procurement in economic improvement round the arena. dgMarket integrates about 1 million procurement notices per year, covering about $1 trillion tender opportunities.

Philanthropic interests
Jha established a private Canadian charitable foundation, the POA Educational Foundation, in 2001, to promote education and entrepreneurship amongst the individuals and groups not so fortunate.

Educational projects in Canada
Aditya has several scholarships at Canadian post secondary institutions such as Ryerson University (now Toronto Metropolitan University), Trent University, George Brown College, Centennial College and York University. The endowments at these universities grant (annually $70,000) in total Twenty (20) scholarship/grants awards in perpetuity to students (large focus on students from the aboriginal community of Canada). Additionally he has supported a research project on Economic Value of Indo-Canadians (Ryerson University), Pathways Education Program for the inner-city kids of Regent Park community in Toronto and funded York University for Canada-India research initiative.

Projects promoting entrepreneurship in Canada
Jha's Project Beyshick initiative nurtures prosperity and financial independence amongst First Nations individuals by encouraging and mentoring entrepreneurial efforts. The project was launched with the support of Nishnawbe Aski Nation (NAN) Grand Chief Stan Beardy, nephew Ashutosh Jha and many others. The project has had numerous life changing positive impacts on participants, putting them on an accelerated path towards success and personal growth. Asked by a media house about his motivation for this initiative, he replied

I wanted to give the Canadian aboriginal communities a vision for the future - and a sense of possibility. It is the entrepreneurial spirit and success, which gives the rightful recognition to communities in the mainstream world. It also allows the successful entrepreneurs to become role models for their community,.

He has also supported award for the Top 20 under 20 program (Entrepreneurship category) and the yearly $15,000 Business Plan & $5,000 Career Plan Contest award for the First Nation individual participating in Project Beyshick.

Philanthropic work in Nepal

He has funded digital literacy project by donating laptop and desktops to 11 schools in Nepal and to the Islamic Institute of Toronto as well has supported Nepal Library Foundation for setting up libraries in the remote villages of Nepal. Since Fall of 2008, Aditya has been involved with the One Laptop Per Child project. He has since then distributed more than 100 laptops to rural village schools in Nepal, including Nuns' Welfare Foundations Arya Tara School. This project is an addition to the hundreds of computers and printers he donated to dozens of schools in Kathmandu valley in Nepal
In 2001, Aditya proposed to develop and fund a world class Institute of Information Technology Nepal (IIT-N) modelled after India's IIT. The institute was to be established within a government sponsored IT Park in the Greater Kathmandu area (Banepa IT Park). Just before the parliament of Nepal was set to approve the proposal, the government fell and proposal was delayed, and later withdrawn by Aditya.

Philanthropic work in India
Aditya has set up a student residence (50 rooms) for children of landless families with integrated education program in India through AIM for SEVA in Bihar, India. In the past, Jha has chaired the India AIDS Campaign within UNICEF Canada's Unite For Children, Unite Against Aids campaign. "As part of the larger Canadian Unite for Children, Unite against AIDS campaign, a special India HIV and AIDS Campaign has been established to support AIDS prevention, awareness and treatment projects for children and youth in India.". Working with Canadian organization 'Aim for Seva', Aditya has donated a 50-student residence for kids from landless families in Bihar, India.

Other Project
Aditya's foundation has also supported other projects: with Ryerson University a research project on Economic Value of Indo-Canadians; Pathways Education Program for the inner-city kids of Regent Park community in Toronto; Share the Music program of Roy Thomson Hall through endowment to give Canadian aboriginal youth access to best musical performances in Toronto; Infrastructure grant for Canadian Youth Ballet Ensemble for ballet school in Havana and Trillium Hospital, Mississauga; Toronto International Film Festival as Gold Patron; Canadian Museum of Human Rights; and Nelson Mandela Children's Fund and several other charitable projects.

Public affairs interests
Jha is active with Canadian, Indian and Nepalese public affairs. From November 16–18, 2009 he accompanied Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper to India as one of the seven members of his Canadian delegation. He is one of the founding directors of the Canada India Foundation where he is currently the National Convener. Prior to this he chaired the 'Educational & Institutional' committee. Most recently, he was instrumental in designing the University of Waterloo and the Canada India Foundation's (CIF) first-of-its-kind joint initiative for the advancement of Canada's research capacity in studying the politics, economy and social conditions of contemporary India and bi-lateral relationship of both countries through a planned establishment of a $10-million endowment.

Aditya moderated Canada session during Pravasi Bhartiya Divas event (Delhi, January 2007) organized by Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs. He also moderated India Business Roundtable (Toronto, October 2006), jointly organized by Indo-Canada Chamber of Commerce and Department of Foreign Affairs of Canada as well as the roundtable entitled Engaging India: tapping Roots- Seizing Opportunities (Delhi, January 2007) jointly organized with CII, India and ICCC, Canada. Aditya was an official blogger for the Toronto Star's "Your City, My City" series with focus on Toronto's Mayoral race.

Aditya facilitated and helped fund a workshop on 'Opportunities and Challenges For Nepali Political Parties' co-organized by National Democratic Institute (NDI, Washington D.C.) and Nepal Study Center (NSC) of the University of New Mexico (UNM). The workshop provided a forum for thoughtful exchanges on the issues of development and democracy between Nepalese policy/political leaders and their U.S. counterparts.

Arts and culture
Jha supports the Canadian Youth Ballet Ensemble to promote dance education and training for young Canadians, and the "Share the Music" program of Roy Thomson Hall to give Canadian aboriginal youth access to best musical performances. He also supports Toronto International Film Festival group as Gold Patron. The Toronto International Film Festival Group is a charitable, not-for-profit, cultural organization whose mission is to transform the way people see the world. Its vision is to lead the world in creative and cultural discovery through the moving image. Jha also supports the Canadian Museum for Human Rights.

Awards, recognition and appointments
On December 30, 2012, Aditya was appointed a Member of the Order of Canada by Governor General David Johnston. The Order of Canada is Canada's highest civilian award. His citation read, "for his achievements in business and for his commitment to promoting education and entrepreneurial opportunities for Aboriginal and disadvantaged youth". On May 8, 2013, he was recognized as Champion of Public Education in Canada by The Learning Partnership, along with scotiabank CEO Richard E. Waugh and The Globe and Mail Editor-in-Chief John Stackhouse. The award recognizes and celebrates the accomplishments of extraordinary Canadians whose lifelong dedication, generosity, and commitment have contributed to making the Canadian public education system one of the best in the world. He is a winner of the Top 25 Canadian Immigrants Award (2010), an inductee of the '30 most influential Indo-Canadians Power List (2009),' and a recipient of Honorary Doctorate of Laws from Ryerson University (now Toronto Metropolitan University), the university's highest honour. Aditya is the former National Convenor of the Canada India Foundation— a public policy organization.

Awards and honours

 Champion of Public Education in Canada, The Learning Partnership, Canada (2013)
 Member of the Order of Canada (2012) - Canada's highest civilian honours to recognize a lifetime of outstanding achievement, dedication to community and service to the nation
 Honorary Doctor of Laws (LL.D.), Ted Rogers School of Management, Ryerson University (now Toronto Metropolitan University), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
 Global Indian Award 2011, Global Indian Origin
 Winner, Top 25 Canadian Immigrants 2010
 South Asian Philanthropist of the Year 2011, Mid-Week
 30 most Influential Indo Canadians, Rediff India Abroad magazine's Power List (published September 2009)
 Desi News Grant's Community Achievers Awards (2008)
 Technology Achievement Award (2004), Indo Canada Chamber of Commerce (ICCC)
 CEO award (1998), BCE Inc.
 President's Club (1999), Bell Canada

Appointments
 Member, Board of Directors, National Capital Commission
 Member of the Order of Canada (2012)
 Member, Board of Directors, Indspire
 Board of Governors, Sheridan Institute of Technology & Advance Learning, Oakville, Ontario, Canada
 Board Member, First Nations Financial Management Board (FNFMB), Government of Canada
 Board Member, Art Gallery of Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
 Entrepreneur-In-Residence, School of Business, Centennial College, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
 Member of the Board of Governors, Sheridan College of Technology & Advanced Learning
 Entrepreneur in Residence, School of Business, Centennial College
 Advisory Council Member, School of Social Services, Ryerson University (now Toronto Metropolitan University)
 Chair (former), Canada India Foundation
 Board Member (Former), Ontario Investment & Trade Advisory Council (OITAC), Government of Ontario
 Chair (Former), India HIV/AIDS Campaign, UNICEF Canada
 National Convener (former), Canada India Foundation (July 2009- June 2011)
 Board Member (former), PharmEng International Inc. (TSX: PII)
 Board member (former), Brainhunter Inc. (TSX: BH)

Quotes & philosophy
 "In Life, you always get more than what you deserve or less than what you deserve - You never quite get just the right amount. If you get less you must work harder & smarter, and if you get more than you must give back"
 "Empathy starts with actions"
 "Before I became active with 'giving' to charitable causes, I looked at giving as charity to others. Now, I see giving as charity to myself. You are giving to your expanded self, your passion, your talent to make your desired changes and to your obligation to payback to the favorite social circumstances as only those favourable social circumstances allow people like yourself, your kids and for all, that you care about to prosper"
 "Nobel laureate, Herbert Simon estimated that the "social capital" is responsible for at least 90% of what people earn in wealthy societies. I am trying to make a case here that all of us have obligation to give and pay back to that 'Social Capital' and ALL of us can 'SPARE to Give'." [Keynote speech titled 'Giving - A charity to self or others?' at a charity gala]
 "I urge you to seriously think of giving back to the mainstream causes that you are passionate about and try to be active with the causes you give for. It will benefit us tremendously, benefit Canada deservingly and feed our soul well. May I urge you to consider giving every year 10% of what you earn after tax? It is highly doable. We never have enough to spare to give but we can always spare to give. Giving is permanent but accumulation is not. Giving is the right thing to do- it is an obligation." --
 "I would urge all of you to think of philanthropy in a totally different way. It should be integral and well thought part of your entrepreneurial life. Philanthropy Is Not About Doing Good But rather it is "good for you"; "good for others" is just the byproduct." [Speaking to MBA students of various Canadian institutions at a conference titled 'Starting & Managing Successful Venture: A new Canadian's Perspective' in Toronto]
 "Just because you have more or less money, it does not mean you will give more or less. Giving has a state of mind and when you have understood that part, you will give irrespective of how much money you have." [Quoted in the Economist Intelligence Unit April 2010 report titled 'The New World of Wealth-Seven key trends for investing, giving & spending among the very rich' of The Economist magazine ]
 Philanthropy is critical for any civilized society.
 Success is an event, not a state. Therefore, no one can remain successful.
 'What Got Us Here, Won't Take Us there', highlighted that for Canada to stay on the curve of high quality of life and growth, we must focus on the concept of 'demographic dividend' and how effectively Canada engages immigrants and its aboriginal population. Ryerson University Doctorate/convocation speech (read here)

See also
 Non Resident Indian

References

Sources
 https://web.archive.org/web/20100116190634/http://bihartimes.com/Newsbihar/2010/Jan/Newsbihar13Jan1.html
 Advisor, 180 Smoke Vape store Vaping

External links
 PM plans for ties that bind

Businesspeople from Toronto
Canadian philanthropists
Living people
Delhi University alumni
Jawaharlal Nehru University alumni
Indian emigrants to Canada
Indian businesspeople
Kendriya Vidyalaya alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
20th-century Indian businesspeople
21st-century Indian businesspeople


Vincens Budde (also known as Vincents Budde or Vincent Budde) was a Norwegian officer, born in 1660 in Halden, Norway into a Norwegian military family (his father, Frederick Otto Budde,  served under Tønne Huitfeldt at Fredriksten fortress in Halden, which repelled a Swedish attack in 1660). Budde was promoted to colonel 1710 and to major general in 1716.

Military career
Budde was commissioned Løjtnant (Lieutenant) in Løvendals's Regiment in 1683 and was promoted to Kaptajn (Captain) in 1688.

On 17 April 1710 Colonel Budde took command of a battalion of the 2nd (or lower) Tronhjemske Regiment, and in 1711 he led them to Holstein on the Danish–German border. In 1713 he led two battalions of the 2nd Tronhjemske Regiment during the successful investment of Stralsund. By 1715 he had been promoted to brigadier general and commanded forces stationed in Pomerania.

In January 1716, Karl XII of Sweden began an offensive in Norway, with the intention of taking advantage of Denmark-Norway's stationing of 4,500 Norwegian soldiers, including those led by Brigadier General Budde, to Denmark and Northern Germany in 1715. The Swedes expected supremacy over the remaining Norwegian military forces since Swedish forces consisted largely of seasoned mercenaries, while the remaining Norwegian home forces were soldiers with limited military training and poor equipment. However, after a failed Swedish siege of Akershus fortress, three combat experienced Norwegian regular regiments with about 4,000 men, commanded by Brigadier General Budde, arrived from Denmark on 17 April 1716. These forces were dispatched to the southern flank where they secured the fortress city of Fredrikstad and disrupted the supply lines between the Swedish forces in Christiania, and Sweden.

Brigadier General Vincens Budde led the attack on a Swedish battalion stationed in Moss under Colonel Falkenberg. Colonel Falkenberg fortified the city center concentrated his defense. Budde led 1,000 men of the 2nd Trondhjemske, Bergenhusiske and Cicignons regiments from Fredrikstad. They received critical support from Admiral Gabel's forces including several ships of the line and smaller vessels, which delivered 500 men under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Henrik Jørgen Huitfeldt, to cut off access for Swedish forces from the north. By morning the morning of 23 April 1716, Budde's forces captured Moss and the Swedish forces there. Brigadier General Budde was promoted to major general as a result of this resounding victory over a respected opponent.

Major General Budde saw further action in the final days of the Great Northern War, when Karl XII initiated a second invasion of Norway in the fall of 1718. While Karl XII led his main army in an attack on Fredrikshald, he dispatched an army under General Carl Gustaf Armfeldt  into Trøndelag to seize Trondheim. Armfeldt advanced against Trondheim, which was defended by an army of 6,900 men under General Budde. Although Armfeldt's forces surrounded Trondheim, Budde's forces held him at bay. When Karl XII was killed in December at Fredriksten, Budde's strategy prevailed. Armfeldt's forces were forced to retreat back across the mountains to Sweden in a Carolean Death March almost as disastrous as Napoleon's retreat from Moscow.

Budde remained in active service until his death in 1729, at almost 70 years of age.

Family and personal life
He was appointed Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog in 1721.

He married rather late in life to Armgaard Margrethe Gabelin, the daughter of Vice Governor-general of Norway Frederik G. Juel and Ane Cathrine Juel on 16 April 1718. She was born in Pleskov in Russia on 10 November 1677 and died in Trondheim on 8 March 1734. No children are recorded for this union.

References

1660 births
1729 deaths
People from Halden
Norwegian Army generals
Knights of the Order of the Dannebrog