Chironomini is a tribe of midges in the non-biting midge family (Chironomidae).

Genera & species

Genus Apedilum Townes, 1945
A. elachistus Townes, 1945
A. subcinctum Townes, 1945
Genus Axarus Roback 1980
A. dorneri (Malloch, 1915)
A. festivus Say, 1823
A. rogersi (Beck and Beck, 1958)
A. scopula (Townes, 1945)
A. taenionotus (Say, 1829)
Genus Baeotendipes Kieffer, 1913
B. noctivagus (Kieffer, 1911)
Genus Beardius Reiss & Sublette, 1985
B. truncatus Reiss & Sublette, 1985
Genus Beckidia Sæther 1979
B. biraensis Zorina, 2006
B. connexa Zorina, 2006
B. hirsti (Freeman, 1957)
B. tethys (Townes, 1945)
B. zabolotzkyi (Goetghebuer, 1938)
Genus Carbochironomus Reiss & Kirschbaum 1990
C. improvisus Reiss & Kirschbaum, 1990
Genus Chernovskiia Sæther 1977
C. macrocera Sæther, 1977
C. orbicus (Townes, 1945)
Genus Chironomus Meigen, 1803
Subgenus Camptochironomus Kieffer, 1918
C. pallidivittatus Edwards, 1929
C. tentans Fabricius, 1805
Subgenus Chaetolabis Townes 1945
C. globulus Philinkova & Belyanina, 1993
C. macani Freeman, 1948
Subgenus Chironomus Meigen, 1803
C. aberratus Keyl, 1961
C. acerbus Hirvenoja, 1962
C. acidophilus Keyl, 1960
C. acutiventris acutiventris Wülker, Ryser & Scholl, 1983
C. acutiventris bavaricus Wülker, Ryser & Scholl, 1983
C. acutiventris Wülker, Ryser & Scholl, 1983
C. agilis Shobanov & Dyomin, 1988
C. anchialicus Michailova, 1974
C. annularius Meigen, 1818
C. anthracinus Zetterstedt, 1860
C. aprilinus Meigen, 1818
C. balatonicus Dévai, Wülker & Scholl, 1983
C. beljaninae Wülker, 1991
C. bernensis Klötzli, 1973
C. bonus Shilova & Dzhvarsheishvili, 1974
C. borokensis Kerkis, Filippova, Shobanov, Gunderina & Kiknadze, 1988
C. brevidentatus Hirvenoja & Michailova, 1998
C. calipterus Kieffer, 1908
C. cingulatus Meigen, 1830
C. clarus Hirvenoja, 1962
C. coaetaneus Hirvenoja, 1998
C. commutatus Keyl, 1960
C. crassimanus Strenzke, 1959
C. curabilis Belyanina, Sigareva & Loginova, 1990
C. dorsalis Andersen, 1949
C. entis Shobanov, 1989
C. esai Wülker, 1997
C. fraternus Wülker, 1991
C. fundatus Philinkova & Belyanina, 1993
C. heterodentatus Konstantinov, 1956
C. heteropilicornis Wülker, 1996
C. holomelas Keyl, 1961
C. hyperboreus Stæger, 1845
C. inermifrons Goetghebuer, 1921
C. islandicus (Kieffer, 1913)
C. jonmartini Lindeberg, 1979
C. lacunarius Wülker, 1973
C. longistylus Goetghebuer, 1921
C. lugubris Zetterstedt, 1850
C. luridus Strenzke, 1959
C. melanescens Keyl, 1961
C. melanotus Keyl, 1961
C. muratensis Ryser, Scholl & Wülker, 1983
C. neocorax Wülker & Butler, 1983
C. nigrifrons Linevich & Erbaeva, 1971
C. nigrocaudatus Erbaeva, 1968
C. nuditarsis Keyl, 1961
C. nudiventris Ryser, Scholl & Wülker, 1983
C. obtusidens Goetghebuer, 1921
C. oculatus Shobanov, 1996
C. pankratovi Grebenyuk, Kiknadze & Belyanina, 1989
C. parathummi Keyl, 1961
C. piger Strenzke, 1956
C. pilicornis (Fabricius, 1787)
C. plumosus (Linnaeus, 1758)
C. prasinus Pinder, 1978
C. pseudothummi Strenzke, 1959
C. reservatus Shobanov, 1997
C. riihimakiensis Wülker, 1973
C. riparius Meigen, 1804
C. salinarius Kieffer, 1915
C. saxatilis Wülker, Ryser & Scholl, 1981
C. solitus Linevich & Erbaeva, 1971
C. sollicitus Hirvenoja, 1962
C. sororius Wülker, 1973
C. staegeri Lundbeck, 1898
C. strenzkei Fittkau, 1968
C. striatus Strenzke, 1959
C. tenuistylus Brundin, 1949
C. uliginosus Keyl, 1960
C. usenicus Loginova & Belyanina, 1994
C. valkanovi Michailova, 1974
C. venustus Pinder, 1978
C. wulkeri Philinkova & Belyanina, 1993
Subgenus Lobochironomus Ryser, Wülker & Scholl, 1985
C. carbonarius Meigen, 1804
C. dissidens Walker, 1856
C. dorsalis Meigen, 1818
C. improvidus Hirvenoja, 1998
C. mendax Storå, 1936
C. montuosus Ryser, Wülker & Scholl, 1985
C. pseudomendax Wülker, 1999
C. storai Goetghebuer, 1954
Genus Cladopelma Kieffer, 1921
C. amachaerus (Townes, 1945)
C. boydi (Beck, 1962)
C. collator (Townes, 1945)
C. edwardsi (Kruseman, 1933)
C. galeator (Townes, 1945)
C. spectabilis (Townes, 1945)
C. viridula (Linnaeus, 1767)
Genus Cryptochironomus Kieffer, 1918
C. albofasciatus (Stæger, 1839)
C. argus Roback, 1957
C. blarina (Townes, 1945)
C. chaetoala (Sublette, 1960)
C. crassiforceps Goetghebuer, 1932
C. defectus (Kieffer, 1913)
C. denticulatus (Goetghebuer, 1921)
C. digitatus (Malloch, 1915)
C. fulvus Johannsen, 1905
C. hirtalatus (Beck and Beck, 1964)
C. obreptans (Walker, 1856)
C. parafulvus (Beck and Beck, 1964)
C. ponderosus (Sublette, 1964)
C. psittacinus (Meigen, 1830)
C. psittacinus Meigen, 1830
C. redekei (Kruseman, 1933)
C. rostratus Kieffer, 1921
C. scimitarus Townes, 1945
C. sorex Townes, 1945
C. supplicans (Meigen, 1830)
C. ussouriensis (Goetghebuer, 1933)
Genus Cryptotendipes Lenz, 1941
C. ariel (Sublette, 1960)
C. casuarius (Townes, 1945)
C. darbyi (Sublette, 1960)
C. darbyi (Sublette, 1960)
C. emorsus (Townes, 1945)
C. holsatus Lenz, 1959
C. nigronitens (Edwards, 1929)
C. pflugfelderi Reiss, 1964
C. pilicuspis Sæther, 1977
C. pseudotener (Goetghebuer, 1922)
C. pseudotener Goethgebuer, 1922
C. usmaensis (Pagast, 1931)
Genus Cyphomella Sæther 1977
C. argentea (Townes, 1945)
C. cornea Sæther, 1977
C. gibbera Sæther, 1977
C. grisa (Malloch, 1915)
Genus Demeijerea Kruseman, 1933
D. abruptus (Townes, 1945)
D. brachialis (Coquillett, 1907)
D. obreptus (Townes, 1945)
D. rufipes (Linnaeus, 1761)
Genus Demicryptochironomus Lenz, 1941
D. cuneatus (Townes, 1945)
D. fastigatus (Townes, 1945)
D. latior Reiss, 1988
D. neglectus Reiss, 1988
D. vulneratus (Zetterstedt, 1838)
Genus Dicrotendipes Kieffer, 1913
D. adnilus  Epler, 1987
D. aethiops (Townes, 1945)
D. botaurus (Townes, 1945)
D. californicus (Johannsen, 1905)
D. ealae (Freeman, 1957)
D. fumidus (Johannsen, 1905)
D. fusconotatus (Kieffer, 1922)
D. leucoscelis (Townes, 1945)
D. lobiger (Kieffer, 1921)
D. lobus Beck, 1962
D. lucifer (Johannsen, 1907)
D. milleri (Townes, 1945)
D. modestus (Say, 1823)
D. neomodestus (Malloch, 1915)
D. nervosus (Stæger, 1839)
D. notatus (Meigen, 1818)
D. pallidicornis (Goetghebuer, 1934)
D. peringueyanus Kieffer, 1924
D. pilosimanus Kieffer, 1914
D. pulsus (Walker, 1856)
D. septemmaculatus (Becker, 1908)
D. simpsoni Epler, 1987
D. sudanicus (Freeman, 1957)
D. thanatogratus Epler, 1987
D. tritomus (Kieffer, 1916)
Genus Einfeldia Kieffer, 1924
E. austini Beck & Beck, 1970
E. brunneipennis Johannsen, 1905
E. chelonia (Townes, 1945)
E. dissidens (Walker, 1856)
E. natchitocheae (Sublette, 1964)
E. pagana (Meigen, 1838)
E. natchitocheae (Sublette, 1964)
E. pagana (Meigen, 1838)
E. palaearctica Ashe, 1990
E. pectoralis Kieffer, 1924
Genus Endochironomus Kieffer, 1918
E. albipennis (Meigen, 1830)
E. nigricans (Johannsen, 1905)
E. oldenbergi Goetghebuer, 1932
E. stackelbergi Goetghebuer, 1935
E. subtendens (Townes, 1945)
E. tendens (Fabricius, 1775)
Genus Fleuria Kieffer, 1924
F. lacustris Kieffer, 1924
Genus Gillotia Kieffer, 1921
G. alboviridis (Malloch, 1915)
Genus Glyptotendipes Kieffer, 1913
G. aequalis (Kieffer, 1922)
G. amplus Townes, 1945
G. barbipes (Stæger, 1839)
G. caulicola (Kieffer, 1913)
G. cauliginellus (Kieffer, 1913)
G. dreisbachi Townes, 1945
G. foliicola Contreras-Lichtenberg, 1997
G. glaucus (Meigen, 1818)
G. gripekoveni (Kieffer, 1913)
G. imbecilis (Walker, 1856)
G. lobiferus (Say, 1823)
G. meridionalis Dendy and Sublette, 1959
G. ospeli Contreras-Lichtenberg & Kiknadze, 1999
G. pallens (Meigen, 1804)
G. paripes (Edwards, 1929)
G. salinus Michailova, 1987
G. scirpi (Kieffer, 1915)
G. seminole Townes, 1945
G. senilis (Johannsen, 1937)
G. signatus (Kieffer, 1909)
G. testaceus (Townes, 1945)
G. unacus Townes, 1945
G. viridis (Macquart, 1834)
Genus Graceus Goetghebuer, 1928
G. ambiguus Goetghebuer 1928
Genus Harnischia Kieffer, 1921
H. angularis Albu & Botnariuc, 1966
H. curtilamellata (Malloch, 1915)
H. fuscimana Kieffer, 1921
H. incidata Townes, 1945
Genus Kiefferulus Goetghebuer, 1922
K. dux (Johannsen, 1905)
K. tendipediformis (Goetghebuer, 1921)
Genus Kloosia Kruseman 1933
K. pusilla (Linnaeus, 1761)
Genus Lauterborniella Thienemann & Bause, 1913
L. agrayloides (Kieffer, 1911)
L. varipennis (Coquillett, 1902)
Genus Lipiniella Shilova 1961
L. araenicola Shilova, 1961
L. moderata Kalugina, 1970
L. prima Shilova, Kerkis & Kiknadze, 1993
Genus Microchironomus Kieffer, 1918
M. deribae (Freeman, 1957)
M. lendli (Kieffer, 1918)
M. nigrovittatus (Malloch, 1915)
M. tener (Kieffer, 1918)
Genus Microtendipes Kieffer, 1915
M. anticus (Walker, 1848)
M. brevitarsis Brundin, 1947
M. britteni (Edwards, 1929)
M. caducus Townes, 1945
M. caelum Townes, 1945
M. chloris (Meigen, 1818)
M. confinis (Meigen, 1830)
M. diffinis (Edwards, 1929)
M. nigellus Hirvenoja, 1963
M. nitidus (Meigen, 1818)
M. pedellus (De Geer, 1776)
M. rydalensis (Edwards, 1929)
M. tarsalis (Walker, 1856)
Genus Nilothauma Kieffer, 1921
N. babiyi (Rempel, 1937)
N. bicorne (Townes, 1945)
N. mirabile (Townes, 1945)
N. brayi (Goetghebuer, 1921)
N. hibaratertium Sasa, 1993
Genus Omisus Townes, 1945
O. caledonicus (Edwards, 1932)
O. pica Townes, 1945
Genus Pagastiella Brundin, 1949
P. orophila (Edwards, 1929)
P. ostansa (Webb, 1969)
Genus Parachironomus Lenz, 1921
P. abortivus (Malloch, 1915)
P. aculeatus (Kieffer, 1921)
P. acutus (Goetghebuer, 1936)
P. alatus (Beck, 1962)
P. arcuatus (Goetghebuer, 1919)
P. biannulatus (Stæger, 1839)
P. carinatus (Townes, 1945)
P. chaetaolus (Sublette, 1960)
P. cinctellus (Goetghebuer, 1921)
P. danicus Lehmann, 1970
P. digitalis (Edwards, 1929)
P. directus (Dendy & Sublette, 1959)
P. elodeae (Townes, 1945)
P. forceps (Townes, 1945)
P. frequens (Johannsen, 1905)
P. kuzini Shilova, 1969
P. longiforceps Kruseman, 1933
P. mauricii (Kruseman, 1933)
P. monochromus (van der Wulp, 1874)
P. paradigitalis Brundin, 1949
P. parilis (Walker, 1856)
P. pectinatellae (Dendy & Sublette, 1959)
P. potamogeti (Townes, 1945)
P. schneideri Beck & Beck, 1969
P. siljanensis Brundin, 1949
P. subalpinus (Goetghebuer, 1932)
P. sublettei (Beck, 1961)
P. swammerdami (Kruseman, 1933)
P. tenuicaudatus (Malloch, 1915)
P. varus (Goetghebuer, 1921)
P. vitiosus (Goetghebuer, 1921)
Genus Paracladopelma Harnisch, 1923
P. alphaeus (Sublette, 1960)
P. camptolabis (Kieffer, 1913)
P. doris (Townes, 1945)
P. galaptera (Townes, 1945)
P. laminatum (Kieffer, 1921)
P. loganae Beck & Beck, 1969
P. mikianum (Goetghebuer, 1937)
P. nais (Townes, 1945)
P. nereis (Townes, 1945)
P. nigritulum (Goetghebuer, 1942)
P. nixe (Townes, 1945)
P. undine (Townes, 1945)
P. winnelli Jackson, 1977
Genus Paralauterborniella Lenz, 1941
P. nigrohalteralis (Malloch, 1915)
Genus Paratendipes Kieffer, 1911
P. albimanus (Meigen, 1818)
P. basidens Townes, 1945
P. fuscitibia Sublette, 1960
P. nitidulus (Coquillett, 1901)
P. nubilus (Meigen, 1830)
P. nudisquama (Edwards, 1929)
P. plebeius (Meigen, 1818)
P. sinelobus Albu, 1980
P. subaequalis (Malloch, 1915)
P. thermophilus Townes, 1945
Genus Phaenopsectra Kieffer, 1921
P. albescens (Townes, 1945)
P. dyari (Townes, 1945)
P. flavipes (Meigen, 1818)
P. incompta (Zetterstedt, 1838)
P. obediens (Johannsen, 1905)
P. pilicellata Grodhaus, 1976
P. profusa (Townes, 1945)
P. punctipes (Wiedemann, 1817)
P. vittata (Townes, 1945)
Genus Polypedilum Kieffer, 1912
Subgenus Cerobregma Zhang & Wang 1999
P. paucisetum Zhang & Wang, 2009
Subgenus Pentapedilum Kieffer, 1913
P. botiense Oyewo & Sæther, 2008
P. scirpicola (Kieffer, 1921)
P. botosaneanui Oyewo & Sæther, 2008
P. camposense Oyewo & Sæther, 2008
P. exsectum (Kieffer, 1916)
P. intuber Oyewo & Sæther, 2008
P. nubens (Edwards, 1929)
P. reei Oyewo & Sæther, 2008
P. sordens (van der Wulp, 1874)
P. tissamaharense Oyewo & Sæther, 2008
P. tritum (Walker, 1856)
P. wittei (Freeman, 1955)
Subgenus Polypedilum Kieffer, 1912
P. acutum Kieffer, 1915
P. albicorne (Meigen, 1838)
P. albosignatum Kieffer, 1925
P. amoenum Goetghebuer, 1930
P. arundineti (Goetghebuer, 1921)
P. barboyoni Serra-Tosio, 1981
P. dudichi Berczik, 1957
P. fallax (Johannsen, 1905)
P. intermedium Albu & Botnariuc, 1966
P. laetum (Meigen, 1818)
P. lene (Becker, 1908)
P. nubeculosum (Meigen, 1804)
P. nubifer (Skuse, 1889)
P. octopunctatum (Thunberg, 1784)
P. pedestre (Meigen, 1830)
P. vanderplanki Hinton, 1951
Subgenus Tripodura Townes, 1945
P. acifer Townes, 1945
P. aegyptium Kieffer, 1925
P. akani Bjørlo, 2001
P. amplificatus Bjørlo, 2001
P. amputatum Bjørlo, 2001
P. apfelbecki (Strobl, 1900)
P. bicrenatum Kieffer, 1921
P. chelum Vårdal, 2001
P. dagombae Bjørlo, 2001
P. elongatum Albu, 1980
P. ewei Bjørlo, 2001
P. malickianum Cranston, 1989
P. ogoouense Bjørlo, 2001
P. patulum Bjørlo, 2001
P. pulchrum Albu, 1980
P. pullum (Zetterstedt, 1838)
P. quadriguttatum Kieffer, 1921
P. scalaenum (Schrank, 1803)
P. spinalveum Vårdal, 2001
P. tetracrenatum Hirvenoja, 1962
Subgenus Uresipedilum Oyewo & Sæther, 1998
P. convictum (Walker, 1856)
P. cultellatum Goetghebuer, 1931
P. marsafae Ghonaim, Ali & Osheibah, 2005
Genus Robackia Sæther, 1977
R. claviger (Townes, 1945)
R. demeijerei (Kruseman, 1933)
R. pilicauda Sæther, 1977
Genus Saetheria Jackson, 1977
S. hirta Saether, 1983
S. reissi Jackson, 1977
S. tylus (Townes, 1945)
Genus Sergentia Kieffer, 1922
S. albescens (Townes, 1945)
S. baueri Wülker, Kiknadze, Kerkis & Nevers, 1999
S. coracina (Zetterstedt, 1850)
S. prima Proviz & Proviz, 1997
Genus Stenochironomus Kieffer, 1919
S. aestivalis Townes, 1945
S. albipalpus Borkent, 1984
S. annettae Borkent, 1984
S. bisetosus Borkent, 1984
S. browni Townes, 1945
S. cinctus Townes, 1945
S. colei (Malloch, 1919)
S. fascipennis (Zetterstedt, 1838)
S. fuscipatellus Borkent, 1984
S. gibbus (Fabricius, 1794)
S. hibernicus (Edwards, 1929)
S. hilaris (Walker, 1848)
S. macateei (Malloch, 1915)
S. maculatus Borkent, 1984
S. niger Borkent, 1984
S. poecilopterus (Mitchell, 1908)
S. pulchripennis (Coquillett, 1902)
S. ranzii Rossaro, 1982
S. totifuscus Sublette, 1960
S. unictus Townes, 1945
S. woodi Borkent, 1984
Genus Stictochironomus Kieffer, 1919
S. albicrus (Townes, 1945)
S. annulicrus (Townes, 1945)
S. crassiforceps (Kieffer, 1922)
S. devinctus (Say, 1829)
S. flavicingulus (Walker, 1848)
S. lutosus (Townes, 1945)
S. maculipennis (Meigen, 1818)
S. marmoreus (Townes, 1945)
S. naevus (Mitchell, 1908)
S. palliatus (Coquillett, 1902)
S. pictulus (Meigen, 1830)
S. quagga (Townes, 1945)
S. rosenschoeldi (Zetterstedt, 1838)
S. sticticus (Fabricius, 1781)
S. unguiculatus (Malloch, 1934)
S. varius (Townes, 1945)
S. virgatus (Townes, 1945)
Genus Synendotendipes Grodhaus, 1987
S. luski Grodhaus, 1987
S. abranchius (Lenz, 1955)
S. dispar (Meigen, 1830)
S. impar (Walker, 1856)
S. lepidus (Meigen, 1830)
Genus Tribelos Townes, 1945
T. ater (Townes, 1945)
T. donatoris (Shilova, 1974)
T. fuscicorne (Malloch, 1915)
T. hesperius (Sublette, 1960)
T. intextum (Walker, 1856)
T. jucundus (Walker, 1848)
T. protextus (Townes, 1945)
T. quadripunctatus (Malloch, 1915)
Genus Xenochironomus Kieffer, 1921
X. trisetosis (Kieffer, 1922)
X. ugandae (Goetghebuer, 1936)
X. xenolabis Kieffer in Thienemann and Kieffer, 1916
Genus Zavreliella Kieffer, 1920
Z. marmorata (van der Wulp 1859)

References

Chironomidae
Nematocera tribes


MicroLeague Baseball is a 1984 baseball simulation video game. It was developed and published by MicroLeague. It was released on Amiga, Apple II, Atari 8-bit family, Atari ST, Commodore 64, and IBM PC compatibles.

Summary
It was one of the first video games to carry the Major League Baseball license, allowing the game to feature MLB teams. It also carried the Major League Baseball Players Association license, allowing the game to use real players.

A general manager disk available separately allowed users to make trades with other teams or create their own players. A stat compiler disk allowed players to save the results of every played game and compile statistics for each player, allowing users to play an entire season. The game was unique for its time for its concentration on management. Things like batter stance and fielder placement were all possible for the first time in a licensed baseball game.

The original game came with a variety of all-time great teams, including the 1927 New York Yankees, 1945 Chicago Cubs, 1955 Brooklyn Dodgers, 1961 New York Yankees, 1963 Los Angeles Dodgers, 1967 St. Louis Cardinals, 1968 Detroit Tigers, 1969 New York Mets, 1970 Baltimore Orioles, 1973 Oakland Athletics, 1975 Cincinnati Reds, 1975 Boston Red Sox, 1979 Pittsburgh Pirates, 1980 Philadelphia Phillies, 1980 Kansas City Royals and the 1982 Milwaukee Brewers. Additionally, the game included an AL All-Time Greats team as well as an NL All-Time Greats Team. Further, the game also included the 1984 AL and NL All-Star Game rosters. The roster size for all teams was 15 hitters and ten pitchers.

Reception
Computer Gaming World in 1985 praised MicroLeague Baseballs graphics but noted that it did not keep individual statistics. Ahoy! called it "a rock-solid stat game dressed up in visuals which would do any action baseball game proud", concluding that "MicroLeague Baseball is highly recommended for baseball-loving computerists".

Reviews
Games #70

References

External links

 Stadium 64: MicroLeague Baseball

1984 video games
Amiga games
Apple II games
Atari 8-bit family games
Atari ST games
Commodore 64 games
Major League Baseball video games
MicroLeague games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Video games developed in the United States


Omar Arellano Nuño (born 29 May 1967) is a Mexican former professional footballer who played as a midfielder and current manager. He played for Tigres UANL during the 1995-96 season.

As of April 2009 he was the manager at Chivas Guadalajara, and he managed Necaxa in 2010.

References

External links

1967 births
Living people
Footballers from Tamaulipas
Men's association football midfielders
Mexican men's footballers
Mexico men's international footballers
C.D. Guadalajara footballers
Tigres UANL footballers
Club León footballers
C.F. Pachuca players
Mexican football managers
C.D. Guadalajara managers
Club Necaxa managers
C.D. Veracruz managers
Correcaminos UAT managers


The You Yangs Regional Park is a park in southern central Victoria, Australia. The park encompasses much of the southern areas of the You Yangs, a granite range that rises from the Werribee Plains, 60 km southwest of Melbourne. The park is operated and managed by Parks Victoria and is open during daylight hours.

Situated within the traditional boundaries of the Wathawurrung (Wathaurong/Wada Wurrung) Aboriginal tribal lands and once home to the Yawangi Baluk (local clan whose territory extended to Port Philip), the You Yangs (Wurdi-Yawang) shares historical significance with Australians of non-indigenous origin.

A road known as Great Circle Drive, encircles Flinders Peak, enabling drivers, cyclists and walkers to navigate the undulating terrain, from flat forested areas to hilly scenic views. The road passes by many lookouts, rest areas, picnic areas, barbecues and other features.

Access
The main public entrance to the park is located on Branch Road, near the intersection of Forest Road North, 5 km north of Lara and 5 km west of Little River. The gate is open daylight hours. Sandy Creek Road also passes through the park's western area, providing a link between Lara and Balliang.

Mountain biking
The park has a well-developed network of mountain bike trails, ranging from easy (green) to two downhill tracks for experts (double diamond). The trails are in two areas: Stockyards and Kurrajong Plantation. It is managed by volunteers working with Parks Victoria.

References

External links
Parks Victoria: You Yangs Regional Park

Parks in Victoria (state)


In radiological physics, charged-particle equilibrium (CPE) occurs when the number of charged particles leaving a volume is equal to the number entering, for each energy and type of particle.  When CPE exists in an irradiated medium, the absorbed dose in the volume is equal to the collision kerma.

In order for this to occur, energy is needed.

Nuclear physics


Namak Haraam is a daily soap that premiered at the Indian channel Real TV on 2 March 2009. Swati is an idealistic district collector, who is married to Karan, a business tycoon. Everything seems to be fine among them until their individual ideals start affecting their personal life.
Swati is keen to start a housing project for the villagers on a plot of land that Karan's father, Indrajeet Sehgal (Shishir Sharma), is eyeing to build a cement factory. He encourages Karan to use the power Swati wields as a bureaucrat to make profit in business. Karan agrees, though unwillingly, and tries to convince her to give up on her plans.
Soon, Swati discovers that she has been manipulated by the man she trusted the most. A conflict of ideas is set to engulf their five-year-old marriage. Swati remains adamant about fighting for the rights of villagers.
Narayani Shastri has really long and luscious hair in this show.

Cast
 Narayani Shastri as Swati Karan Sehgal
 Sachin Tyagi as Karan Sehgal
 Shishir Sharma as Indrajeet Sehgal (Karan's Father)
 Kishwer Merchant as Priya Sehgal (Karan's Sister)
 Prithvi Zutshi as Swati's Father
 Smita Hai as Swati's Mother
 Gayatri Sehgal as Karan's Mother
 Aman Verma as Rohit Malhotra
 Bikramjeet Kanwarpal as Mr. Khurana

Real (TV channel) original programming
2009 Indian television series debuts
2010 Indian television series endings
Indian television soap operas


Camp Springs may refer to a location in the United States:

Camp Springs, Kentucky, an unincorporated community
Camp Springs House, a historic inn
Camp Springs, Maryland, a census-designated place
Camp Springs Army Base, original name for Andrews Air Force Base
Camp Springs, North Carolina, an unincorporated community


This is the discography of American hip hop duo UGK from Port Arthur, Texas.

Albums

Studio albums

Compilation albums
Lost Tracks (2002)
Side Hustles (2002) #70 Billboard 200; #10 R&B/ Hip Hop
Best of UGK (2003)
UGK Chopped and Screwed (2004)
The Essential UGK (2014)

Mixtapes
The Bigtyme Way (2014)

Extended plays

Singles

As lead artist

As featured artist

Guest appearances

References

External links
UGK discography at Discogs

Discographies of American artists
Hip hop discographies


Mean Everything to Nothing is the second studio album by the Atlanta-based indie rock band Manchester Orchestra. It was released on April 21, 2009, through independent record label Favorite Gentlemen Recordings and produced by Joe Chiccarelli and Dan Hannon.

Prior to the album's release, AbsolutePunk premiered a video of "The Only One", while Spin premiered another one, for "Shake It Out", on March 24, 2009. A third video, for lead single "I've Got Friends", was released on April 7.

Mean Everything to Nothing received favorable reviews from music critics upon release and debuted at number thirty seven on the U.S Billboard 200 and number eleven on the Billboard Rock Albums Chart.

Reception
{{Music ratings
| ADM = 6.2/10<ref name="AnyDecentMusic?">{{cite web|url=http://www.anydecentmusic.com/review/609/Manchester-Orchestra-Mean-Everything-To-Nothing.aspx|title=Mean Everything to Nothing by Manchester Orchestra reviews|publisher=AnyDecentMusic?|accessdate=July 20, 2017}}</ref>
| MC = 73/100

|rev1      = AbsolutePunk
|rev1Score = Highly Recommended
|rev2      = AllMusic
|rev2Score =
|rev3      = Alternative Press|rev3Score =
|rev4      = Blare|rev4Score =
|rev5      = Kerrang!|rev5Score =
|rev6      = NME|rev6Score = (7/10)
|rev7      = Paste|rev7Score = (9.1/10)
|rev8      = Pitchfork|rev8Score = (5.2/10)
|rev9      = Punknews
|rev9Score =
|rev10      = Sputnikmusic
|rev10Score =
}}Mean Everything to Nothing was warmly received by critics. It currently holds an aggregated score of 70 on Metacritic, indicating "generally favourable reviews" based on 14 professional reviews and 8.2/10 based on 9 user votes.

Jason Tate, founder of AbsolutePunk.net highly recommended the album. He opened his review with the line, "Quick note to the rest of the albums coming out this year: The bar has just been set". He praised the album as "classic" and went on to add, "Between the crashing sounds, the subtle whispers, the vocal chants, and the emotional reaction – we have the makings of a classic. We have an album that clearly bridges the gap between mainstream and underground". Alternative Press reviewer Tim Karan awarded a maximum score of 5/5 and heaped praise on the album. He stated, "With 'Nothing, Manchester Orchestra have created what will ineveitably be regarded as one of the landmark releases of 2009, and more noticeable they've exceeded the hype that's surrounded them for nearly three years".

Chris Willman of Paste Magazine also lauded the album. Awarding a score of 91%, he commented that, "The young band has learned a great secret: It’s possible to make a massive, commercial, go-for-the-gusto Rock Record while still holding on to dark idiosyncrasies and seriousness of purpose". Punknews were also largely favourable in their review, rating the album at 4/5. They described the album as "Confoundingly consistent and vividly varied, Mean Everything to Nothing easily surpasses Manchester's previous output and provides a stark album of contrasting moods, layered fervor and modestly orchestral flow". They also commended Andy Hull for his maturing songwriting. "It remains an exciting and considerably accomplished effort. This only being the sophomore try and Hull barely drinking age, it's a little unnerving to think what they could even conceive later on".

Other positive reviews included British publications, Kerrang! and NME, who awarded scores of 4/5 and 7/10 respectively.

Some reviews were less favourable, particularly Pitchfork. Scoring the album at 5.2, Eric Harvey gave a mixed review. Both praising and criticizing Hull's lyrical themes. "For a kid barely able to legally drink, Hull's got the exhaustion of middle age. And that's the thing that both defines Manchester Orchestra at this point, as well as what stops them from being great. When they're satisfied with rocking the fuck out, they do it exceedingly well, but when they try to acquire the adult answers, they'd do well to chill out and enjoy being young".Q Magazine were also more critical, awarding 2 stars out of 5. They bemoaned, "Their second album is suitably heavy on post-adolescent angst but, for all frontman Andy Hull's best efforts, singularly lacking its own voice.

 Media appearances
"I Can Feel a Hot One" was used in an episode of the American television series Gossip Girl. "Shake It Out" was used as the theme song for the 2010 Impact Wrestling Pay-per-view Sacrifice.

 Track listings

 Personnel
The following personnel contributed to Mean Everything to Nothing:

 Manchester Orchestra
Andy Hull – lead vocals, rhythm guitar, keys, lyrics
Robert McDowell – lead guitar, vocals, keys
Jonathan Corley – bass guitar, backing vocals
Jeremiah Edmond – drums, percussion, art direction
Chris Freeman – additional percussion, keys, backing vocals

 Additional musicians
Dan Hannon – electric guitar, keys
Oliver Kraus – cello, violin
Erica Froman – handclaps, vocals
Mary Alice Hull – handclaps, vocals

 Production
Joe Chiccarelli – producer, mixing
Dan Hannon – co-producer, engineering
lane Johnson – Additional Vocal Engineering
Ted Jensen – mastering
Lowell Reynolds – assistant engineer
Brad Fisher – assistant engineer
Brian Manley – design layout, artwork, photography
James Minchin – additional photography

 Fourteen Years of Excellence EP Fourteen Years of Excellence is the fourth EP released by the band Manchester Orchestra, available on April 18, 2009 at select indie record stores as an exclusive release for Record Store Day. The limited edition EP came free with a purchase of Mean Everything to Nothing''. Tracks 1 and 3 were done with Joe Chiccarelli while tracking Mean Everything to Nothing. Track 2 was done by Matt Mallpass and track 4 by Robert McDowell.

Track listing

References

External links

2009 albums
Manchester Orchestra albums
Albums produced by Joe Chiccarelli


Carderock may refer to a location in the United States:

Carderock, Maryland, along the Potomac River near Washington, D.C.
Carderock Division of the Naval Surface Warfare Center
Carderock Springs Historic District
Carderock Recreation Area a climbing area


Thor Nielsen (born 11 July 1959) is a Danish sprint and marathon canoeist who competed from the mid-1980s to the late 1990s. He won five medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two golds (K-1 10000 m: 1993, K-2 1000 m: 1994), two silvers (K-1 1000 m: 1993, K-2 10000 m: 1987), and a bronze (K-4 10000 m: 1985).

Nielsen also competed in two Summer Olympics, earning his best finish of sixth twice (K-2 500 m: 1992, K-2 1000 m: 1996).

Nielsen is currently working as the national coach of Denmark

References

1959 births
Living people
Danish male canoeists
Olympic canoeists for Denmark
Canoeists at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in kayak
Medalists at the ICF Canoe Marathon World Championships


The Regulating Act of 1773 created the office with the title of Governor-General of Presidency of Fort William, or Governor-General of Bengal to be appointed by the Court of Directors of the East India Company (EIC). The Court of Directors assigned a Council of Four (based in India) to assist the Governor-General, and the decision of the council was binding on the Governor-General during 1773–1784.

The Government of India Act 1833 re-designated the office with the title of Governor-General of India. Lord William Bentinck was the first to be designated as the Governor-general of India in 1833.

After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the company rule was brought to an end, but the British India along with princely states came under the direct rule of the British Crown. The Government of India Act 1858 created the office of Secretary of State for India in 1858 to oversee the affairs of India, which was advised by a new Council of India with 15 members (based in London). The existing Council of Four was formally renamed as the Council of Governor-General of India or Executive Council of India. The Council of India was later abolished by Government of India Act 1935.

Following the adoption of the Government of India Act of 1858, the Governor-General representing the Crown became known as the Viceroy. The designation 'Viceroy', although it was most frequently used in ordinary parlance, had no statutory authority, and was never employed by Parliament. Although the Proclamation of 1858 announcing the assumption of the government of India by the Crown referred to Lord Canning as "first Viceroy and Governor-General", none of the Warrants appointing his successors referred to them as 'Viceroys', and the title, which was frequently used in Warrants dealing with precedence and in public notifications, was one of ceremonies used in connection with the state and social functions of the Sovereign's representative. The Governor-General continued to be the sole representative of the Crown, and the Government of India continued to be vested in the appointments of Governor-General of India which were made by the British Crown upon the advice of Secretary of State for India. The office of Governor-General continued to exist as a ceremonial post in each of the new dominions of India and Pakistan, until they adopted republican constitutions in 1950 and 1956 respectively.

List of governors-general

Fort William (Bengal) and India, 1773–1858

Governors-General and Viceroys of India and Governors-General of the Dominion of India, 1858–1950

Notes

See also
 List of governors of Bengal Presidency
 Council of India
 Secretary of State for India
 List of presidents of India
 Governor-general

Citations

India, List of Governors-General of
Governors-General
British India-related lists


The WWA World Lightweight Championship (Campeonato Mundial de peso Ligero WWA in Spanish) is an inactive professional wrestling championship promoted by the Mexican wrestling promotion World Wrestling Association (WWA) from 1987 until 1995. The official definition of the Welterweight weight class in Mexico is between  and , but the weight limits are not always strictly adhered to. It was first won by Mano Negra in 1987 and defended throughout Mexico until 1995 when the title was first declared vacant and then later on inactive.

As it was a professional wrestling championship, the championship was not won not by actual competition, but by a scripted ending to a match determined by the bookers and match makers. On occasion the promotion declares a championship vacant, which means there is no champion at that point in time. This can either be due to a storyline, or real life issues such as a champion suffering an injury being unable to defend the championship, or leaving the company.

Title history

Footnotes

References

External links
W.W.A. World Lightweight Title (Mexico)

Lightweight wrestling championships
World Wrestling Association (Mexico) Championships
World professional wrestling championships


David McClelland (born 25 December 1941) is an English former footballer who played for Bishop Auckland, Port Vale, and Wellington Town in the 1960s.

Career
McClelland played for Bishop Auckland before having a successful trial with Stanley Matthews' Fourth Division side Port Vale, which resulting in him signing a permanent deal with the club in August 1967. With just two substitute and two full appearances at Vale Park during the 1967–68 season, he was given a free transfer in April 1968 to non-League Wellington Town. In later life he took up residence in Sidmouth, Devon.

Career statistics
Source:

References

1941 births
Living people
Footballers from Newcastle upon Tyne
People from Sidmouth
Men's association football wingers
English men's footballers
Port Vale F.C. players
Telford United F.C. players
English Football League players


Automotive electronics are electronic systems used in vehicles, including engine management, ignition, radio, carputers, telematics, in-car entertainment systems, and others. Ignition, engine and transmission electronics are also found in trucks, motorcycles, off-road vehicles, and other internal combustion powered machinery such as forklifts, tractors and excavators. Related elements for control of relevant electrical systems are also found on hybrid vehicles and electric cars.

Electronic systems have become an increasingly large component of the cost of an automobile, from only around 1% of its value in 1950 to around 30% in 2010. Modern electric cars rely on power electronics for the main propulsion motor control, as well as managing the battery system. Future autonomous cars will rely on powerful computer systems, an array of sensors, networking, and satellite navigation, all of which will require electronics.

History
The earliest electronic systems available as factory installations were vacuum tube car radios, starting in the early 1930s. The development of semiconductors after World War II greatly expanded the use of electronics in automobiles, with solid-state diodes making the automotive alternator the standard after about 1960, and the first transistorized ignition systems appearing in 1963.

The emergence of metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) technology led to the development of modern automotive electronics. The MOSFET (MOS field-effect transistor, or MOS transistor), invented by Mohamed M. Atalla and Dawon Kahng at Bell Labs in 1959, led to the development of the power MOSFET by Hitachi in 1969, and the single-chip microprocessor by Federico Faggin, Marcian Hoff, Masatoshi Shima and Stanley Mazor at Intel in 1971.

The development of MOS integrated circuit (MOS IC) chips and microprocessors made a range of automotive applications economically feasible in the 1970s. In 1971, Fairchild Semiconductor and RCA Laboratories proposed the use of MOS large-scale integration (LSI) chips for a wide range of automotive electronic applications, including a transmission control unit (TCU), adaptive cruise control (ACC), alternators, automatic headlight dimmers, electric fuel pumps, electronic fuel-injection, electronic ignition control, electronic tachometers, sequential turn signals, speed indicators, tire-pressure monitors, voltage regulators, windshield wiper control, Electronic Skid Prevention (ESP), and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC).

In the early 1970s, the Japanese electronics industry began producing integrated circuits and microcontrollers for the Japanese automobile industry, used for in-car entertainment, automatic wipers, electronic locks, dashboard, and engine control. The Ford EEC (Electronic Engine Control) system, which utilized the Toshiba TLCS-12 PMOS microprocessor, went into mass production in 1975. In 1978, the Cadillac Seville featured a "trip computer" based on a 6802 microprocessor. Electronically-controlled ignition and fuel injection systems allowed automotive designers to achieve vehicles meeting requirements for fuel economy and lower emissions, while still maintaining high levels of performance and convenience for drivers. Today's automobiles contain a dozen or more processors, in functions such as engine management, transmission control, climate control, antilock braking, passive safety systems, navigation, and other functions.

The power MOSFET and the microcontroller, a type of single-chip microprocessor, led to significant advances in electric vehicle technology. MOSFET power converters allowed operation at much higher switching frequencies, made it easier to drive, reduced power losses, and significantly reduced prices, while single-chip microcontrollers could manage all aspects of the drive control and had the capacity for battery management. MOSFETs are used in vehicles such as automobiles, cars, trucks, electric vehicles, and smart cars. MOSFETs are used for the electronic control unit (ECU), while the power MOSFET and IGBT are used as the load drivers for automotive loads such as motors, solenoids, ignition coils, relays, heaters and lamps. In 2000, the average mid-range passenger vehicle had an estimated $100200 of power semiconductor content, increasing by a potential 35 times for electric and hybrid vehicles. , the average vehicle has over 50 actuators, typically controlled by power MOSFETs or other power semiconductor devices.

Another important technology that enabled modern highway-capable electric cars is the lithium-ion battery. It was invented by John Goodenough, Rachid Yazami and Akira Yoshino in the 1980s, and commercialized by Sony and Asahi Kasei in 1991. The lithium-ion battery was responsible for the development of electric vehicles capable of long-distance travel, by the 2000s.

Types
Automotive electronics or automotive embedded systems are distributed systems, and according to different domains in the automotive field, they can be classified into:
 Engine electronics
 Transmission electronics
 Chassis electronics
 Passive safety
 Driver assistance
 Passenger comfort
 Entertainment systems
 Electronic integrated cockpit systems

On average, a 2020s car has 50—150 chips, according to Chris Isidore of CNN Business.

Engine electronics
One of the most demanding electronic parts of an automobile is the engine control unit (ECU). Engine controls demand one of the highest real-time deadlines, as the engine itself is a very fast and complex part of the automobile. Of all the electronics in any car, the computing power of the engine control unit is the highest, typically a 32-bit processor.

A modern car may have up to 100 ECU's and a commercial vehicle up to 40.

An engine ECU controls such functions as:

In a diesel engine:
 Fuel injection rate
 Emission control, NOx control
 Regeneration of oxidation catalytic converter
 Turbocharger control
 Cooling system control
 Throttle control

In a gasoline engine:
 Lambda control
 OBD (On-Board Diagnostics)
 Cooling system control
 Ignition system control
 Lubrication system control (only a few have electronic control)
 Fuel injection rate control
 Throttle control

Many more engine parameters are actively monitored and controlled in real-time. There are about 20 to 50 that measure pressure, temperature, flow, engine speed, oxygen level and NOx level plus other parameters at different points within the engine. All these sensor signals are sent to the ECU, which has the logic circuits to do the actual controlling. The ECU output is connected to different actuators for the throttle valve, EGR valve, rack (in VGTs), fuel injector (using a pulse-width modulated signal), dosing injector and more. There are about 20 to 30 actuators in all.

Transmission electronics
These control the transmission system, mainly the shifting of the gears for better shift comfort and to lower torque interrupt while shifting. Automatic transmissions use controls for their operation, and also many semi-automatic transmissions having a fully automatic clutch or a semi-auto clutch (declutching only). The engine control unit and the transmission control exchange messages, sensor signals and control signals for their operation.

Chassis electronics
The chassis system has a lot of sub-systems which monitor various parameters and are actively controlled:
 ABS – Anti-lock Braking System
 ASR / TCS – Anti Slip Regulation / Traction Control System
 BAS – Brake Assist
 EBD – Electronic Brakeforce Distribution
 EDC – Electronic Damper Control
 EDS – Electronic Differential Slippery
 ESP – Electronic Stability Program
 ETS – Enhanced Traction System
 PA – Parking Assistance

Passive safety

These systems are always ready to act when there is a collision in progress or to prevent it when it senses a dangerous situation:
Air bags
Hill descent control
Emergency brake assist system

Driver assistance

Lane assist systems
Speed assist system
Blind spot detection
Park assist system
Adaptive cruise control system
Pre-collision Assist

Passenger comfort
Automatic climate control
Electronic seat adjustment with memory
Automatic wipers
Automatic headlamps - adjusts beam automatically
Automatic cooling - temperature adjustment

Entertainment systems
Navigation system
Vehicle audio
Information access

All of the above systems form an infotainment system. Developmental methods for these systems vary according to each manufacturer. Different tools are used for both hardware and software development.

Electronic integrated cockpit systems
These are new generation hybrid ECUs that combine the functionalities of multiple ECUs of Infotainment Head Unit, Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), Instrument Cluster, Rear Camera/Parking Assist, Surround View Systems etc. This saves on the cost of electronics as well as mechanical/physical parts like interconnects across ECUs etc.  There is also a more centralized control so data can be seamlessly exchanged between the systems.

There are of course challenges too. Given the complexity of this hybrid system, a lot more rigor is needed to validate the system for robustness, safety and security. For example, if the infotainment system's application which could be running an open-source Android OS is breached, there could be possibility of hackers to take control of the car remotely and potentially misuse it for anti-social activities. Typically so, usage of a hardware+software enabled hypervisors are used to virtualize and create separate trust and safety zones that are immune to each other's failures or breaches. Lot of work is happening in this area and potentially will have such systems soon if not already.

Functional safety requirements
In order to minimize the risk of dangerous failures, safety-related electronic systems have to be developed following the applicable product liability requirements. Disregard for, or inadequate application of these standards can lead to not only personal injuries, but also severe legal and economic consequences such as product cancellations or recalls.

The IEC 61508 standard, generally applicable to electrical/electronic/programmable safety-related products, is only partially adequate for automotive-development requirements. Consequently, for the automotive industry, this standard is replaced by the existing ISO 26262, currently released as a Final Draft International Standard (FDIS). ISO/DIS 26262 describes the entire product life-cycle of safety-related electrical/electronic systems for road vehicles. It has been published as an international standard in its final version in November 2011. The implementation of this new standard will result in modifications and various innovations in the automobile electronics development process, as it covers the complete product life-cycle from the concept phase until its decommissioning.

Security

As more functions of the automobile are connected to short- or long-range networks, cybersecurity of systems against unauthorized modification is required. With critical systems such as engine controls, transmission, airbags, and braking connected to internal diagnostic networks, remote access could result in a malicious intruder altering the function of systems or disabling them, possibly causing injuries or fatalities. Every new interface presents a new "attack surface". The same facility that allows the owner to unlock and start a car from a smartphone app also presents risks due to remote access.  Auto manufacturers may protect the memory of various control microprocessors both to secure them from unauthorized changes and also to ensure only manufacturer-authorized facilities can diagnose or repair the vehicle.  Systems such as keyless entry rely on cryptographic techniques to ensure "replay" or "man-in-the-middle attacks" attacks cannot record sequences to allow later break-in to the automobile.

In 2015 the German general automobile club commissioned an investigation of the vulnerabilities of one manufacturer's electronics system, which could have led to such exploits as unauthorized remote unlocking of the vehicle.

See also
Cellport Systems
Vetronics

References

Further reading

External links
 International Automotive Electronics Congress
 Society of Automotive Engineers
 Clemson Vehicular Electronics Laboratory (Automotive Electronics Section)


Du Preez Grobler (born 8 June 1977 in Keetmanshoop, ǁKaras Region) is a Namibian rugby union centre. He played with the Namibia national rugby union team at the 2003 Rugby World Cup and 2007 Rugby World Cup.

References

1977 births
Living people
People from Keetmanshoop
Sportspeople from ǁKaras Region
Namibian rugby union players
Rugby union centres
Namibia international rugby union players
2003 Rugby World Cup players
2007 Rugby World Cup players


Delhi Gate of Naman is the southern gate in the historic walled city of Delhi, or Shahjahanabad in 1638 AD. The gate links the New Delhi city with the old walled city of Delhi. It stands in the middle of the road, at the end of Netaji Subhash Chandra Road (or Netaji Subhash Marg), at the edge of Daryaganj.

History
The Gate was built by Emperor Shah Jahan in 1638 as part of the rubble– built high fort walls that encircled the Shahjahanabad, the seventh city of Delhi. The emperor used this gate to go to the Jama Masjid for prayer.

Architecture
The gate is similar in design and architecture to the northern gate of the walled city, the Kashmiri Gate (1853).  It was built in sandstone and is an impressive and large structure. Near the gate entry, two stone carvings of elephants were erected.

The road from this gate passes through Daryaganj leading to the Kashmiri gate. A part of the fort wall to the east has been demolished to build the Old Delhi Railway Station while the wall to the west exists.

The gate is now a heritage site maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India.

See also
 Gates of Delhi
Monuments of National Importance in Delhi

References

History of Delhi
Gates of Delhi
Mughal architecture
Archaeological monuments in Delhi
Monuments of National Importance in Delhi


V. Thomas Wilson White (September 1896 – 1960) was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League for Birmingham and Newport County. He played as a full back.

White was born in West Bromwich, Staffordshire. He joined Birmingham in March 1918, and played a few games in the wartime leagues. He made his debut in the Second Division on 26 October 1919, in a 1–0 defeat at home to West Ham United, deputising for Billy Ball who had been injured playing for England in a Victory international. White, described as a "slow, cumbersome defender who relied on the big clearance", lost any hope of a first-team place with the arrival of Jack Jones in the 1920 close season, and he left for Worksop Town in January 1921. He contributed to their Midland League title in 1922, and earned himself a return to the Football League with Newport County later that year. White made 44 appearances in the Third Division South for Newport before finishing off his career with Kidderminster Harriers of the Birmingham & District League.

White died in Wednesbury, Staffordshire, in 1960 aged about 63.

References

External links
 Newport County team photos including Tom White

1896 births
1960 deaths
Footballers from West Bromwich
English men's footballers
Men's association football fullbacks
Notts County F.C. players
Birmingham City F.C. players
Worksop Town F.C. players
Newport County A.F.C. players
Kidderminster Harriers F.C. players
English Football League players
Midland Football League players


The WWA World Tag Team Championship (Campeonato Mundial de Parejas WWA in Spanish) is a Mexican professional wrestling Tag Team championship promoted by the Mexican Lucha Libre wrestling based promotion World Wrestling Association (WWA) since 1991.

As it was a professional wrestling championship, the championship was not won not by actual competition, but by a scripted ending to a match determined by the bookers and match makers. On occasion the promotion declares a championship vacant, which means there is no champion at that point in time. This can either be due to a storyline, or real life issues such as a champion suffering an injury being unable to defend the championship, or leaving the company.

It was first won by Silver King and El Texano in a championship tournament held in May 1991. The current champions are Bestia 666 and Damián 666.

Title history

Footnotes

References

External links
W.W.A. World Tag Team Title
WWA World Tag Team Title

Tag team wrestling championships
World Wrestling Association (Mexico) Championships


Marin Popescu (born July 27, 1973) is a Romanian sprint canoeist who competed in the 1990s. He won three medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two silvers (K-4 200 m and K-4 500 m: both 1994) and a bronze (K-1 1000 m: 1993).

Popescu also competed in two Summer Olympics, earning his best finish of fourth in the K-1 1000 m event at Barcelona in 1992.

References

Sports-reference.com profile

1973 births
Canoeists at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Living people
Olympic canoeists for Romania
Romanian male canoeists
ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in kayak
Place of birth missing (living people)


Frederick C. Smith was an English footballer who played in the English Football League for Port Vale.

Career
Smith joined Port Vale as an amateur in November 1925, signing professional forms in January 1926. His debut came on 5 April 1926 in a 2–0 defeat to Bradford City at Valley Parade, and he played one further game at the end of the 1925–26 season. However, after only making a further two Second Division appearances in 1926–27 he was released at the end of the season.

Career statistics
Source:

References

Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Footballers from Stafford
English men's footballers
Men's association football wingers
Port Vale F.C. players
English Football League players


Vayro William Wilson, DSC (18 January 1912 – 1962) was an Australian naval officer and a state and national representative rugby union player who captained the Wallabies in three Test matches immediately prior to the Second World War. He was selected to captain the ill-fated 1939–40 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland, which was cancelled because of the outbreak of war.

Rugby career
Wilson was a Queenslander whose club rugby was played at the University of Queensland Rugby Club. He came to the attention of selectors when he made the Australian Universities team in 1934 and he was in the 1938 University side, which won the 1938 Brisbane grade premiership. From 1935 to 1939 he was an automatic choice in the front-row for the Queensland state team. In his debut year for Queensland he played against the New Zealand Māori but it would not be until 1937 that he would play for his country.

Wilson debuted internationally against the Springboks in the 1st test of 1937 at the Sydney Cricket Ground. Australia lost 5–9 in a hard-fought tussle. He was the only Queenslander to retain his spot for the 2nd Test with the Wallabies again losing, this time 17–26. Wilson was knocked out in a brutal start to the match but he regained his consciousness and composure and returned to the match. Howell quotes Ian Diehm in Red ! Red ! Red ! asserting that Wilson's "dignified bearing in this match led the selectors to name him captain of the Australian team the following season against the All Blacks".

Captaincy and 1939
Only six Queenslanders had preceded Wilson to the Australian team captaincy when he assumed it against the All Blacks in July 1938 in the 1st Test of their tour of Australia. He led Queensland against them the following week and retained his national captaincy for the 2nd and 3rd tests. Australia lost all three games, although the margins were tight in games two and three at 6 and 8 points respectively.

When the trials for the 1939 British Isles touring squad were held Cyril Towers made a comeback but the selectors opted for Wilson to retain the captaincy and his front-row position. The team left Australia on the ship Mooltan and Wilson did an excellent job keeping the squad fit on the journey. The team docked at Southampton on the day when England declared war on Nazi Germany. After a couple of weeks spent filling sandbags to start the war effort, a pub crawl around the West Country, and a meeting with the royal family, the squad set sail for Australia having not played a game. Of the unlucky tourists only Bill McLean, Keith Windon and Len Smith would return to footballing success after the war.

The Whiticker reference records that "the squad played an exhibition match in Bombay on the journey home so that the players could be afforded international status". However rugby league historian Sean Fagan casts doubt on this, citing his 1998 interview with squad member Len Smith wherein Smith advised that the game was played between one-half of the touring squad against the other with extra numbers made up by some military personnel on hand in Bombay. This is supported by the Pollard reference which records that the Wallabies played against a "Gymkhana XV made up of military men and others".

War service
Wilson came back to Australia with the touring team but left shortly after to return to England. He had finished his Master of Arts at the University of Queensland and had received a Carnegie Fellowship to study in England.

He joined the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve during the war and was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for his action in the English Channel in a PT boat.

Footnotes

Sources
 Howell, Max (2005) Born to Lead – Wallaby Test Captains, Celebrity Books, Auckland NZ
 Whiticker, Alan (2004) Captaining the Kangaroos, New Holland, Sydney
 Pollard, Jack (1984) Australian Rugby Union: The Game and the Players Angus and Robertson Publishing
 Fagan, Sean (2000–2006) RL1908.com

Australian rugby union players
Australia international rugby union players
Australian rugby union captains
Australian military personnel of World War II
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)
1912 births
University of Queensland alumni
1962 deaths
Rugby union players from Queensland
Rugby union props
Place of birth missing


Scott Wade (born 10 January 1960) is a former Australian rules football player and administrator, most notable for his sixteen-year tenure at AFL Tasmania. He played for Hawthorn in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the early 1980s.

Wade, a Tasmanian recruit, spent three seasons at Hawthorn and made two appearances in their premiership year of 1983. A rover, he then returned to his home state and won two William Leitch Medals, firstly with Hobart in 1984 and then for Clarence in 1989. He finished his TFL career with 282 senior games and played in three premiership teams at Clarence as well as one with Hobart. Wade entered football administration in 1997 as general manager of Clarence

Wade was promoted to become the general manager of Football Tasmania (later AFL Tasmania) in 1999, and later became CEO. Less than a year into his tenure, he oversaw the collapse of the financially crippled Statewide League, and was involved in establishing the Victorian Football League's Tasmanian Devils Football Club in its place. He was involved in arranging a long-standing deal for Hawthorn to play AFL games in Launceston, and in improving the funding for Tasmanian football from the AFL. He was later involved in the revival of the statewide league in 2009, and in that position oversaw the statewide league's revamp in 2014. Nevertheless, Wade had a negative reputation with many fans, as many of the decisions made by AFL Tasmania during his tenure were unpopular. Two decisions during the Tasmanian Devils tenure in the VFL – the decision to enter a reserves affiliation with  and the appointment of coach Daryn Cresswell, whose off-field problems negatively impacted the team – and many of the changes made to TSL club licences in the early 2010s – including the unsuccessful attempt to force a merger between Hobart and North Hobart, and the unsuccessful establishment of the Western Storm – were particularly unpopular with fans. Wade held the top position in AFL Tasmania for sixteen years until his resignation on 9 March 2016.

In 2006, Wade was inducted into the Tasmanian Football Hall of Fame. His son Matthew is a Cricketer.

References

Holmesby, Russell and Main, Jim (2007). The Encyclopedia of AFL Footballers. 7th ed. Melbourne: Bas Publishing.

1960 births
Living people
Hawthorn Football Club players
Hobart Football Club players
Hobart Football Club coaches
Clarence Football Club players
William Leitch Medal winners
Australian rules football administrators
Australian rules footballers from Tasmania
Tasmanian Football Hall of Fame inductees


Richard Coulter Drum (May 28, 1825 – October 15, 1909) was Adjutant General of the United States Army from 1880 to 1889. In addition to serving in the Mexican–American War early in his career, Drum's experience included the American Indian Wars, support for the Union during the American Civil War, and the Great Railroad Strike of 1877. Beginning as a private in 1846, he rose through the ranks to brigadier general before retiring in 1889. After retiring, he was vice president of the Aztec Club of 1847 from 1906 to 1907, and president from 1907 to 1908.

Early life
Richard C. Drum was born in Greensburg, Pennsylvania on May 28, 1825. He graduated from Jefferson College before entering the printing business.

At the outbreak of the Mexican–American War in 1846, he enlisted as a private in the 1st Pennsylvania Volunteers, and, the next year, was commissioned a second lieutenant in the 9th Infantry of the Regular Army. He took part in many of the battles of the war, including Chapultepec and Mexico City.

Following the war, he was transferred to the Fourth Artillery and was promoted to first lieutenant. He served as an aide-de-camp for General William S. Harney during his expedition against the Sioux, and participated in the Battle of Ash Hollow.

Civil War
In 1861 he was appointed as an assistant adjutant general for the far-flung Department of the Pacific and promoted to captain. He was quickly promoted to major and lieutenant colonel, and after the end of the American Civil War he was brevetted Colonel and brigadier general, for faithful and meritorious services in the Adjutant-General's Department during the war.

Drum was a companion of the District of Columbia Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States - a prestigious military society composed of officers of the Union armed forces and their descendants.

Among other honors, both Camp Drum, a 60-acre army base in Wilmington, CA, and Fort Drum, the so-called "Concrete Battleship" situated at the mouth of Manila Bay, were named for him.

Later service
Drum was Assistant Adjutant General for the Department of California from June 1865 to October 1, 1866. He was appointed Assistant Adjutant General for the Department of the East, with headquarters in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from December 27, 1866, to January 6, 1868. He was appointed Assistant Adjutant-General, for the 3rd Military District to August 1, 1868, and Department of the South, headquarters Atlanta, Georgia from March 20, 1868 to March 20, 1869, and from April 3, 1869 to November 26, 1873 for the Military Department of the Atlantic.

Drum was promoted to colonel on February 22, 1869. He was again made Assistant Adjutant-General, for the Military Division of the Missouri, in Chicago from November 28, 1873 to May 2, 1878, where he commanded the Federal troops in the Great Railroad Strike of 1877. He then served until retirement in the Adjutant Generals office in Washington, D.C.

On June 16, 1880, he became Adjutant General of the United States Army and was promoted to brigadier general.  He retired on May 20, 1889.

Death
General Drum died in Drummond, Maryland on October 15, 1909. He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery.

Memberships
In 1871 he became a member of the Aztec Club of 1847, a military society for officers who served in the Mexican War and their descendants. In 1896 he became a Veteran Companion of the Military Order of Foreign Wars by right of his service in the Mexican–American War. He was also a Companion of the District of Columbia Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States.

References

1825 births
1909 deaths
Adjutants general of the United States Army
American military personnel of the Mexican–American War
American people of the Indian Wars
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
People from Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania
People of Pennsylvania in the American Civil War
Union Army officers
United States Army generals
Washington & Jefferson College alumni


"Some Like It Hoth" is the 13th television episode of the fifth season of ABC's Lost. The 99th episode of the show overall, "Some Like It Hoth" aired on April 15, 2009, on ABC in the United States. The episode was written by co-producer Melinda Hsu Taylor and "Eggtown" writer Greggory Nations and directed by Jack Bender. The title is a reference to the 1959 film Some Like It Hot and the fictional planet Hoth in the Star Wars universe.

In 1977, Miles Straume (Ken Leung) and Hugo "Hurley" Reyes (Jorge Garcia) deliver a package to a top Dharma official. Meanwhile, a security breach is being suspected after young Ben has disappeared. In flashbacks, Miles is recruited by Naomi Dorrit (Marsha Thomason) to go to the island.

Plot

Flashbacks
As a child, Miles discovers that he can hear the voices of dead people, so long as their bodies are nearby. When his mother, Lara (Leslie Ishii), is dying of cancer several years later, Miles questions her about his father. She tells him that his father died when Miles was still a baby and that he never cared about her or Miles.  Miles has been employed by a man (Dean Norris) to speak with his dead son. Since the boy's body was cremated, Miles lies to the man and says that the boy knew his father loved him. Some time later, Miles is approached by Naomi Dorrit (Marsha Thomason) who, after ascertaining that Miles is not a fraud, offers him $1.6 million to go to the island on the freighter. He agrees; however, he is later kidnapped by a group of people who claim that the owner of the freighter, Charles Widmore (Alan Dale), is on the "wrong team." Miles says he will not go to the island if they can provide him double the money ($3.2 million, the amount Miles asks for in "Eggtown"). Their leader, Bram (Brad William Henke), who is later a passenger on Ajira Airways Flight 316, asks Miles the question, "What lies in the shadow of the statue?" Miles cannot answer, so he tells Miles that he will not be ready to go to the island until he can. They then let Miles go. Miles later returns the man's money, saying that he lied and that the man should have told his son that he loved him before he died.

1977
Following the events of "Whatever Happened, Happened", Kate Austen (Evangeline Lilly) and James "Sawyer" Ford (Josh Holloway) return from bringing Ben Linus (Sterling Beaumon) to the island's native population, known as the Others. Kate returns to the infirmary where Juliet Burke (Elizabeth Mitchell) had been treating Ben for a gunshot wound. Ben's father, Roger (Jon Gries), arrives and notices that Ben has gone missing. Sometime later, Kate approaches Roger, who has been drinking, and tells him that everything will be okay. He grows suspicious of her and demands to know what happened to Ben. He later tells Jack Shephard (Matthew Fox) of his suspicions, leading Jack to tell Sawyer and Juliet. After dismissing Jack, Sawyer is confronted by Phil (Patrick Fischler), who has seen the security video of Sawyer taking Ben. Sawyer knocks Phil unconscious and tells Juliet to get some rope to tie him up.

Miles Straume (Ken Leung), meanwhile, is sent by Horace Goodspeed (Doug Hutchison), the Dharma Initiative's leader on the island, to the construction site of the Swan Station to retrieve a dead body and bring it to Dr. Pierre Chang (François Chau), Miles's father, at the Orchid Station. Before he can bring the body to Dr. Chang, Hugo "Hurley" Reyes tries to take the van containing the body, in order to deliver food to the Orchid Station. Since they are both going to the same place and there are no other vans available, Miles reluctantly agrees to let Hurley accompany him. On the way, Hurley finds the body and realizes that Miles is able to communicate with dead people, an ability Hurley also possesses. After discussing the differences between their abilities, they arrive at the Orchid Station, where Miles transfers the body to Dr. Chang, who, after disposing of the body, requires a ride to the construction site. After dropping him off, Miles discovers that Hurley is writing the screenplay for the 1980 film The Empire Strikes Back, from memory, in order to give it to George Lucas. Hurley compares Miles's relationship with his father to the relationship between Luke Skywalker and Darth Vader, as well to the relationship between Hurley and his father. Hurley says that the best thing he ever did was forgive his father for abandoning him and suggests Miles do the same. Miles goes to Dr. Chang's house and briefly observes him interacting with his three-month-old self. However, Dr. Chang is on his way out and takes the older Miles to the dock, where a submarine is arriving with Dharma scientists, among whom is Daniel Faraday (Jeremy Davies). Faraday recognizes Miles and mentions that it has been a while since they have seen each other.

References

External links
"Some Like It Hoth" at ABC

Lost (season 5) episodes
2009 American television episodes
Television episodes directed by Jack Bender


Enid Crystal Dorothy Marx, RDI (20 October 1902 – 18 May 1998), was an English painter and designer, best known for her industrial textile designs for the London Transport Board and the Utility furniture Scheme. Marx was the first female engraver to be designated as a Royal Designer for Industry.

Early life
Born in London to Annie Marie Neuberger and Robert Joseph Marx, Enid Marx was the youngest of three children. She was known familiarly throughout her life as "Marco". She was a distant cousin of Karl Marx.

Her father was a paper-making engineer, and Marx would later describe his work as a major influence on her interest in mass-produced design and popular art.

Her artistic inclinations were fostered from an early age, especially by her older sister Marguerite who lived in France for a period. As a young girl, she found pleasure in collecting samples of ribbon from textile shops. She travelled with her family in Europe before the First World War, witnessing the avant-garde arts movements of the early 20th century.

Education
Marx first attended South Hampstead High School, after which her parents transferred her to Roedean School for girls from 1916 until 1921, and her artistic studies there included life drawing, printing, and carpentry. She studied at the Central School of Arts and Crafts for a year before moving to the painting school at the Royal College of Art (RCA) in 1922. Her classmates there included Edward Bawden, Eric Ravilious, Barbara Hepworth, Barnett Freedman. and she made a life long friend of the artisan potter Norah Braden. As a student, Marx was influenced by Paul Nash, then a tutor at the RCA, who introduced her to publishers and encouraged her avant-garde leanings. Marx failed her Final Diploma Assessment (led by Charles Ricketts) in 1925, and she left the school that year. Her work was judged to be "vulgar", reflecting her interest in popular forms and rejection of the traditional definition of fine arts. Nearly 60 years later, in 1982, the College awarded her an honorary degree.

Career

Marx was a versatile artist whose work spanned industrial design and the visual arts. She valued craft and folk art, and derived inspiration for her work from her collections of vernacular artwork and everyday objects. Although she is best known for her textile and book design, she also designed wrapping paper, stamps, and Christmas cards.

Textile design
In 1925, after leaving school before finishing her degree, Marx went to work for the textile designers Phyllis Barron and Dorothy Larcher at their studio in Hampstead. In 1927 she started her own workshop where she designed and produced block-printed textiles, often making use of naturally-derived dyes instead of new chemical methods. Her work was sold through the Little Gallery, off Sloane Street, and later at Cecilia Dunbar Kilburn's Dunbar Hay gallery. Collectors of her work included the actors Gerald du Maurier and Gertrude Lawrence.

Industrial textiles
In 1937 she was selected by the London Passenger Transport Board to design the moquette seat fabrics for use on the seats of London buses and tube trains. The new seat fabrics were part of a customer-experience centered redesign, spearheaded by Christian Barman and Frank Pick, focusing on interior fabrics and surfaces. The moquettes were designed to very specific standards, with patterns meant to hide wear and dirt but avoid the problem of "dazzle," their term for the potentially nauseating effects of a pattern in motion. Four of Marx's thirteen original designs are known to have been produced as a part of this redesign, including a "shield" pattern that was used in the London Underground for decades. Marx later recalled in a lecture to other textile designers that ‘We all thought at first that the best way of disguising dirt was to use colours which would more or less tone in with the dirt’ but that ‘the best method of ensuring the seats would look clean after a period of use was to use strongly contrasting tones and rather brilliant colour’.

During the design and production process for these fabrics, Marx expressed displeasure with the manufacturing firms, who took liberties with the designs to conform to manufacturing requirements. Marx believed that time and effort could have been saved if the manufacturers had consulted with her before making the necessary modifications. The pattern used for the seats and interior backdrops was a geometric design in green and red.

In 1943, the furniture designer Gordon Russell invited her to become a member of the Board of Trade Utility furniture Design Advisory Panel, which was tasked with implementing wartime austerity standards in the field of interior and furniture design. She became responsible for its range of textiles, eventually creating over 30 commissioned designs. This work represented a challenge for the designer because the patterns had to be attractive yet simple in design and inexpensive to manufacture. Marx worked within the restraints of a limited number of looms, four board-selected colours, and only two yarn types. Unlike her experience with the London Passenger Transport commissions, Marx found the process of collaboration with manufacturers on Utility Furniture textiles to be a successful one. The textile patterns were primarily geometric, although Marx also introduced some floral motifs after seeking feedback from her charwoman.

Book design
In 1929 Marx designed her first commercial book cover, for a monograph on the engravings of Albrecht Dürer. She created patterned papers for the Curwen Press and received further commissions from Chatto and Windus. During the Second World War, she began writing and illustrating her own small format children's books, including Bulgy the Barrage Balloon (1941) and The Pigeon Ace.

After the war Marx designed covers for Penguin Books. She finished an engraving series called Marco's Animal Alphabet in 1979, although it was not published until after her death.

Other selected work
Marx designed the frame around the portrait of Queen Elizabeth II on the British Wilding series of penny, halfpenny, and three-halfpenny stamps, and the 1976 Christmas stamp issue featuring medieval embroidery. During World War II, she was commissioned by The Pilgrim Trust to paint 14 watercolours of buildings under threat from bombing for its "Recording Britain" project. During the 1950s and 1960s, Marx produced two posters for London Transport.

In 1965 she became Head of Department of Dress, Textiles and Ceramics at Croydon College of Art, where she taught for five years before her retirement.

Popular and traditional art
From the late 1930s Marx and Lambert began collecting popular ephemera, such as scrapbooks, valentines, paper peepshows, children's books, Staffordshire dog figurines and toys. They used their collection as the basis for a book entitled When Victoria Began to Reign, published by Faber and Faber in 1937. In 1947 they published English Popular and Traditional Art (in the Collins Britain in Pictures series), and in 1951 English Popular Art was published.

In the introduction to the 1947 book they defined their subject as "the art which ordinary people have, from time immemorial, introduced into their everyday lives, sometimes making it themselves, at others imposing their tastes on the product of the craftsmen or of the machine". Marx and Lambert's collection of popular art was put on display at Compton Verney House in 2004.

Teaching
Marx taught a Wednesday design and engraving class at the Ruskin School of Art at Oxford, with colleagues Barnett Freedman, Eric Ravilious and Paul Nash, until 1936. Marx then considered several teaching positions after the war at Central School of Arts and Crafts and the RCA, before eventually getting hired in 1947 at Gravesend School of Art, teaching creative design for fabric printing. In 1949 she took an interior decoration lecturer position at the London County Council City Literary Institute in Covent Garden. Between 1951 and 1955 Marx taught design at Maidstone College of Art in Kent and between 1955 and 1957 she taught embroidery (design) at Bromley College of Art. Marx was appointed head of Textiles, Dress and Ceramics at Croydon College of Art in 1960 and in 1965, she retired from her full-time position to become a guest lecturer in textile history.

Honours
Enid Marx became a member of the Society of Wood Engravers in 1925. She was awarded the distinguished status of Royal Designer for Industry by the British Royal Society of Arts in 1944. Marx was one of the designers chosen to exhibit in the Royal Pavilion at the Festival of Britain in 1951. London Transport Museum recorded an Oral History with Marx in 1980.

Personal life
During the late 1950s and 1960s, Marx lived with her partner Margaret Lambert in St Andrews, Scotland. Lambert was a lecturer in history at the University of St Andrews. Marx died in London on 18 May 1998, aged 95.

Legacy
Retrospective exhibitions of Marx's work have taken place at the Pallant House Gallery in Chichester during 2012 and in London from May to September 2018 at the House of Illustration. Items from her textile collection were displayed as part of an exhibition in London in 2020.

In April 2022, English Heritage unveiled a blue plaque in Marx's honour on her former home and studio at 39 Thornhill Road, Barnsbury, Islington, London.

Selected publications
 English Popular and Traditional Arts, co-authored by Margaret Lambert, (1946) Collins
 English Popular Art, co-authored by Margaret Lambert, (1951) B.T. Batsford
 An ABC of Birds & Beasts (1985) Clover Hill Editions

Children's books
 Nursery Rhymes (1939) Chatto & Windus, London
 Bulgy, the Barrage Balloon (1941) Oxford University Press
 Nelson, the Kite of the King's Navy (1942) Chatto & Windus
 The Pigeon Ace (1942) Faber & Faber
 The Butterfly's Ball and the Grasshopper's Feast (1944–1945) Transatlantic Arts
 Tom Thumb: the Diverting Story of his Life (1944–1946) Transatlantic Arts
 A Book of Rigmaroles or Jingle Rhymes (1945) Penguin Books
 The Little White Bear (1945) Faber & Faber
 Slithery Sam (1947) Wingate
 Who Killed Cock Robin? (1996) Incline Press
 Marco's Animal Alphabet, co-authored by Peter Alan, Graham Moss and Cartiere Miliani Fabriano (2000) Incline Press

References

1902 births
1998 deaths
20th-century English painters
20th-century English women artists
20th-century English LGBT people
Alumni of the Central School of Art and Design
Alumni of the Royal College of Art
Artists from London
British stamp designers
English designers
English illustrators
English printmakers
English women painters
English wood engravers
English LGBT painters
People educated at Roedean School, East Sussex
Textile artists
Women engravers
British graphic designers
British women graphic designers
Women stamp designers
20th-century engravers


Zsolt Borhi is a Hungarian sprint canoeist who competed in the mid-1990s. He won four medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two golds(K-2 10000 m: 1993K-1 500 m: 1994) and two silvers (K-1 1000 m: 1994, K-4 1000 m: 1993).

References

Hungarian male canoeists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in kayak
20th-century Hungarian people


The Mosi Tunnel is a motorway tunnel in Switzerland which opened in 1964. It is situated on the A4 and also the main part of the bypass of Brunnen SZ which leads between Brunnen North and Brunnen South. The two lane tunnel (one lane for each direction) is 1100 metres long and links the motorway A4 with the Axenstrasse. It is the longest road tunnel in the Canton of Schwyz and will be until the Morschacher Tunnel opens in 2020 between Brunnen North and Sisikon. Then the Mositunnel will lose its status as a motorway tunnel and will “only” be a main street tunnel.

Security
Three dramatic crashes in 13 months and subpar results from an international tunnel test started many discussions about the security of the tunnel. It has no service tunnel although one is planned. Some drivers say that their windshield fogs up at the entrance to the north end of the tunnel.

Accidents
In three car accidents during November 2007 and December 2008 three people died and at least three were injured. All the crashes happened the same way: A car driving from north to south goes into the other lane to pass and crashes into a lorry which goes out of control. In the first two cases, the following cars could brake or make way in time, but in the third accident in December 2008 the lorry crashed into another car and then into the wall.

Measures
Some safety measures will soon be installed such as the painted midline which separates the two lanes getting new reflectors installed. Meanwhile, arrows which show the right direction to go have already been painted but they have been criticized by motorcyclists because of the danger of slipping on the painted sections when it is wet.

References

Road tunnels in Switzerland
Tunnels completed in 1964


The WWA World Trios Championship (Campeonato Mundial de Trios WWA in Spanish) is a six-man (or trios) Tag Team Championship in the Mexican lucha libre (Professional wrestling) promotion World Wrestling Association (WWA) in Mexico. It was first won by Zandokan, Khaos I and Sicodelico around 1989 and was defended throughout Mexico until it was abandoned in 1998.

As it was a professional wrestling championship, the championship was not won not by actual competition, but by a scripted ending to a match determined by the bookers and match makers. On occasion the promotion declares a championship vacant, which means there is no champion at that point in time. This can either be due to a storyline, or real life issues such as a champion suffering an injury being unable to defend the championship, or leaving the company.

Title history

Footnotes

References

External links
W.W.A. World Trios Title
WWA World Trios Title

Trios wrestling tag team championships
World Wrestling Association (Mexico) Championships


Chadsey Senior High School was a public secondary school in Detroit, Michigan.

History
Chadsey Senior High School was named in honor of Charles E. Chadsey - Superintendent of the Detroit Public Schools, 1912–1919; Chadsey High was constructed and organized in 1931. Since the school was not ready for occupancy on opening day, Chadsey's sessions were held - following dismissal of younger students - at adjacent Munger Intermediate School. Finally, on October 12, 1931, construction was completed and Chadsey High School began operation.

The date of occupancy - Columbus Day - inspired nicknames; for the athletic teams: the Explorers; the school newspaper: The Navigator; the school annual: The Compass, and Discovery: Chadsey's literary magazine. Fittingly, the school colors chosen for Chadsey High were those under which Columbus sailed: the vermilion and gold of Spain's Ferdinand and Isabella.

Chadsey High School added one half-grade of secondary classes, each semester until January 1934; the first graduating class celebrated its matriculation in June 1934. Chadsey High School was first accredited by the University of Michigan in 1934, and by the North Central Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools in 1939.

The Detroit school district underestimated the impact of population decline in the City of Detroit and failed to proactively manage reduction in staff and facilities; an emergency manager was appointed. The district's $285-million deficit for 2009-2010 led to the layoff of nearly 1,900 teachers and administrators; the financial difficulties also forced the closing of 29 educational facilities, including Charles E. Chadsey High School.  Munger Elementary-Middle School is located on the former site.

Its neighborhoods were assigned to the Southwestern High School zone. Students began attending regular classes there in September 2009.

The school has been demolished as of February 9, 2011. The land was needed so Detroit Public Schools can build a new $22.3 million school on the property. Local artisans are being allowed to pick through the rubble for pieces of 1920s limestone for a community garden.

The track and field program won the girl's state championship in 1982.

Notable alumni
Marion Barber, Jr. (1978) former NFL running back (New York Jets 1982-1988) and father of NFL players Marion Barber III and Dominique Barber.
Jerome Davis (1993) was a former NFL and CFL offensive tackle for the Detroit Lions, Calgary Stampeders, San Francisco 49ers, Toronto Argonauts and the Hamilton Tiger-Cats.
Andrew Davison, former NFL player
Karen Dennis (1966) head coach of the United States women's national team that competed in the 2000 Olympic Games and head women's track coach at Ohio State University; in 2005, Dennis was promoted to head coach of the OSU women’s track team.
Ray Hill (1993) was a former NFL safety for the Buffalo Bills and the Miami Dolphins.
Renaldo Hill (1996) was a former NFL safety for the Arizona Cardinals, Oakland Raiders, Miami Dolphins, Denver Broncos and the New Orleans Saints.
Johnny Lipon (1943) was a former MLB player for the Detroit Tigers, Boston Red Sox, St. Louis Cardinals, and the Cincinnati Reds.
Dan Roundfield (1971) NBA basketball player
Bruce Thornton (1975) was a former NFL and USFL defensive end for the Dallas Cowboys, St. Louis Cardinals, Chicago Blitz, and the
Michael Westbrook (1990) was a former NFL wide receiver for the Washington Redskins and the Cincinnati Bengals.
Freeman White NFL and CFL tight end for the New York Giants and the Ottawa Rough Riders.

References and notes

Former high schools in Michigan
Educational institutions established in 1931
1931 establishments in Michigan
Detroit Public Schools Community District
Educational institutions disestablished in 2009
2009 disestablishments in Michigan
Buildings and structures demolished in 2011
School buildings completed in 1931


Sarkaar Ki Duniya is a reality television show that aired on Real TV from 2 March 2009 to 3 July 2009. It took place on Mango Island in Karwar, Karnataka, and was hosted by film actor Ashutosh Rana.

18 contestants were selected from all over India to be put together. Every week, there was a Dal Nayak (Community Leader) who is elected and assigned a task along with an assigned amount. The Dal Nayak has immunity and is exempt from the elimination. Each player has to pay a tax once a week and the least three tax payers are up for Nishkasan (elimination). The rest of the Dal eliminates one player every week.

When the game reached the last four stages, the Nishkasan (elimination) rights were revoked and open to the Indian public to vote for the Maha-Nayak. The final four were Puneesh, Rahshid, Ali Mughal and Sanju.

The Grand Finale was telecast on 3 July 2009. The winner was Mr. Puneesh Sharma from Delhi and he won Rs. One Crore as prize money.

External links
 How to participate in reality TV show, Sarkar ki Duniya

Real (TV channel) original programming
2009 Indian television series debuts
2009 Indian television series endings
Indian reality television series


is the tallest mountain in the Kitami Mountains. It is located on the border of Shibetsu and Takinoue, Hokkaidō, Japan. It is the source of the Teshio River.

History
On January 6, 1978, Mount Teshio and the surrounding region was designated the .

Geology
Mount Teshio is composed of felsic non-alkali rock from 15 to 7 million years old.

Flora and fauna
At the base of the mountain there are abundant black woodpeckers as well as Japanese red foxes and Hokkaidō brown bears. Near the summit, pika can be found.

Prominent alpine plants on the mountain are Rhododendron aureum and Diapensia lapponica.

Climbing routes
There are three climbing routes up the mountain:
  is  and 3.5 hours to the top.
  is  and a 4-hour climb over Mount Mae Teshio.
  starts on the Mount Mae Teshio trail and branches off. It is  and 3.5 hours to the top. This trail is only for experienced climbers.
There is a connecting path between the new trail and the other two trails.

External links
 Mount Teshio Prefectural Natural Park Trail Map, Official Hokkaido website.

References

 Geographical Survey Institute

Mountains of Hokkaido


The Harvard Voice is a monthly magazine (formerly weekly paper) concerned with the life, culture, ideas and style of Harvard University. An official student publication at Harvard, The Voice was started by Steven Duque and Miran Pavić in April 2008. Its launch was heralded as "campus journalism goes 2.0." Other local websites covered the launch as well.

Faculty sponsors and writers
The Voice's academic sponsors included Professor James Engell, the head of Harvard's English Department, and sociology professor Jason Kaufman. One-time contributors who have since not written for the Voice include Professor Kaufman, Senior Lecturer Tim McCarthy, and Adam Goldenberg, who was named one of the top 100 college writers in the U.S. in 2008.

Partnerships
The Voice has done partnerships with a number of local businesses such as the Boloco chain of restaurants, the Harvard Coop, the Tannery, the election website Votegopher.com, and B-good, the Boston fast-food chain.

Criticism and controversy
In a November 2008 op-ed, Harvard Crimson writer Garrett Nelson denounced the Voice as "a résumé-filler wrapped in a vanity publication", adding that it suffers from " a superficial showmanship and a prevailing laziness," and making the case it's only around due to its vast "access to money."

In September 2009, the magazine was accused of stalking actress Emma Watson, who attended Brown University, during a football match. In an interview with The Harvard Crimson, Voice editor-in-chief called these accusations a "fabrication." The magazine has since undergone structural changes to ensure the highest satisfaction among readers.

Notable articles
In the inaugural issue, Professor Kaufman offered a sharp critique of Harvard's curriculum and tenure policy, claiming the "students are not getting the classes they want, and need."

References

External links
Official website

Monthly magazines published in the United States
Student magazines published in the United States
Harvard University publications
Magazines established in 2008
Magazines published in Boston


The WWA World Women's Championship (Campeonato Mundial Femilin de WWA in Spanish) is an inactive professional wrestling women's professional wrestling championship promoted by the Mexican wrestling promotion World Wrestling Association (WWA). The title was created in 1989 but not very often defended, from 1991 to 2003 and 2003 to 2014 no record of any title defenses have been found, the title may have been inactive in those periods. Lady Apache is the current champion.

As it was a professional wrestling championship, the championship was not won not by actual competition, but by a scripted ending to a match determined by the bookers and match makers. On occasion the promotion declares a championship vacant, which means there is no champion at that point in time. This can either be due to a storyline, or real life issues such as a champion suffering an injury being unable to defend the championship, or leaving the company.

Title history

Footnotes

References

External links
World Wrestling Association World Women's Title

World Wrestling Association (Mexico) Championships
World professional wrestling championships
Women's professional wrestling championships


Joseph Jones (20 April 1916 – 11 January 1974) was a Welsh rugby union and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s. He played club level rugby union (RU) for Cilfynydd RFC, and representative level rugby league (RL) for Great Britain and Wales, and at club level for Wigan and Barrow, as a , or .

Background
Joe Jones was born in Cilfynydd, Wales, and he died aged 57 in Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, England.

Playing career

International honours
Joe Jones won 15 caps for Wales (RL) in 1940–1949 while at Wigan and Barrow, and won a cap for Great Britain (RL) while at Barrow in 1946 against New Zealand.

Championship final appearances
Joe Jones played  in Wigan's 13–9 victory over Dewsbury in the Championship Final first-leg during the 1943–44 season at Central Park, Wigan on Saturday 13 May 1944 (Jim Sullivan played  in the second-leg).

County League appearances
Joe Jones played in Wigan's victory in the Lancashire League during the World War II affected 1940–41 season.

Challenge Cup Final appearances
Joe Jones was a non-playing reserve to travel in Barrow's 0–10 defeat by Wigan in the 1950–51 Challenge Cup Final during the 1950–51 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 5 May 1951.

Club career
Joe Jones changed rugby football codes from rugby union to rugby league when he transferred from Cilfynydd RFC to Wigan during 1936, he made his début for Wigan in the 5-14 defeat by Warrington at Wilderspool Stadium, Warrington on Saturday 7 November 1936, he scored his first try for Wigan in the 8-0 victory over Batley at Mount Pleasant, Batley on Saturday 17 December 1938, he scored his last try for Wigan in the 25-3 victory over Oldham in the Challenge Cup 1 round 2 leg at Central Park, Wigan on Saturday 18 March 1944, he played his last match for Wigan in the 0-8 defeat by Bradford Northern in the Challenge Cup Final 2 leg at Odsal Stadium, Bradford on Saturday 22 April 1944, he transferred from Wigan to Barrow during 1944.

References

External links
(archived by web.archive.org) Back on the Wembley trail
Photograph of Joe Jones
Search for "Joseph Jones" at britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk
Search for "Joe Jones" at britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk

1916 births
1974 deaths
Barrow Raiders players
Cilfynydd RFC players
Footballers who switched code
Great Britain national rugby league team players
Rugby league centres
Rugby league five-eighths
Rugby league fullbacks
Rugby league locks
Rugby league players from Rhondda Cynon Taf
Rugby league utility players
Rugby union players from Cilfynydd
Wales national rugby league team players
Welsh rugby league players
Welsh rugby union players
Wigan Warriors players


The 2009 Japan Golf Tour was the 37th season of the Japan Golf Tour, the main professional golf tour in Japan since it was formed in 1973.

Schedule
The following table lists official events during the 2009 season.

Unofficial events
The following events were sanctioned by the Japan Golf Tour, but did not carry official money, nor were wins official.

Money list
The money list was based on prize money won during the season, calculated in Japanese yen.

Awards

Japan Challenge Tour

The 2009 Japan Challenge Tour was the 25th season of the Japan Challenge Tour, the official development tour to the Japan Golf Tour.

Schedule
The following table lists official events during the 2009 season.

Money list
The money list was based on prize money won during the season, calculated in Japanese yen. The top seven players on the tour earned status to play on the 2010 Japan Golf Tour.

Notes

References

External links

Japan Golf Tour
Japan Golf Tour
Japan Golf Tour


A pressure bomb, pressure chamber, or Scholander bomb is an instrument that can measure the approximate water potential of plant tissues. A leaf and petiole or stem segment is placed inside a sealed chamber. Pressurized gas (normally compressed nitrogen) is slowly added to the chamber. As the pressure increases, at some point the liquid contents of the sample will be forced out of the xylem and will be visible at the cut end of the stem or petiole. The pressure that is required to do so is equal and opposite to the water potential of the sample (Ψleaf or Ψtotal). Pressure bombs are field portable and mechanically simple, which make them the predominant method for water potential measurements in the fields of plant physiology and ecophysiology.

Measurements

Several water potential variables can be determined using the pressure bomb analysis.  The most common of which are predawn leaf water potential and midday leaf water potential. Measurements conducted on plants predawn are considered a good representation of the total water status of plant. As no transpiration through stomata should be occurring at night, the plant's water potentials should be in equilibrium across the entire plant and be similar to the water potential of the soil around the roots. Midday leaf water potential is less commonly used as it is more variable and does not correlate well with other physiological measurements of water status. However, midday water potentials can be used to determine times of peak water stress or diurnal changes in plant water status. Additional variables and methods that involve pressure bombs for analysis include: stem conductance, xylem embolisms, and vulnerability curves.

Pressure-volume Curves

A more advance method that uses the pressure bomb in plant physiology is pressure-volume curves analysis or p-v curve.  Through this method one measures the changes in leaf or stem water potential and relative water content to isolate the underlying components of total leaf or stem water potential. While the measurements can be time intensive, variable such as solute potential (Ψs), turgor loss point (Ψtlp), apoplastic water content and symplastic water content can all be determined using this method. The general protocol for measuring p-v curves involves repeated measure of water potential and mass in succession.  As water is forced out of the sample with each measurement in the pressure bomb the mass is also reduced. Tracking these changes over many measurement should show a precipitous drop and then a steady linear decline after an inflection point.

References

Further reading

Plant physiology