A penumbral lunar eclipse took place on 5 June 2020. It was the second of four penumbral lunar eclipses in 2020.

Visibility
It was visible in most parts of Europe (except northern Scandinavia), Asia (except the northeast parts of the Russian Far East), Africa, Australia, eastern parts of South America and Antarctica.

Gallery

Related eclipses

Eclipses of 2020
 A penumbral lunar eclipse on 10 January.
 A penumbral lunar eclipse on 5 June.
 An annular solar eclipse on 21 June.
 A penumbral lunar eclipse on 5 July.
 A penumbral lunar eclipse on 30 November.
 A total solar eclipse on 14 December.

Lunar year series

Saros series
It is part of Saros cycle 111.

Half-Saros cycle
A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros). This lunar eclipse is related to two partial solar eclipses of Solar Saros 118.

See also
List of lunar eclipses and List of 21st-century lunar eclipses

References

External links

 Saros cycle 111

2020-06
2020 in science
June 2020 events


Bedtime for Isocracy is the only studio E.P. by the American punk rock band Isocracy. It was released on 7-inch vinyl in January 1988 through Lookout! Records with the catalog number LK 005. The title is a parody of the Dead Kennedys' final studio album Bedtime for Democracy (1986), a popular album among punk rock fans at the time. The cover art depicted the members of Isocracy in a bed, accompanied by Jello Biafra.

The track list on the sleeve (along with most online discographies of Isocracy) states that a cover of the Lynyrd Skynyrd song "Freebird" in its full form is the eleventh track. However, no such track is present on the extended play. What makes such a track even more unlikely is the limited recording time 7-inch provides, which in most cases is no more than ten minutes. With the recording time of the other tracks, there would barely be enough room for another twelve-second song, much less a seven-minute one.

Track listing

Personnel
 Jason Beebout - lead vocals
 Lenny Johnson - guitar, backing vocals
 Martin Brome - bass, backing vocals
 Al Sobrante - drums

Production
 Kevin Army - producer, engineer, mixing, recording

Trivia
 The final track on the album, Sgalf Etaredefnoc, is a track that seems to be reversed. When the track is reversed again, it reveals that it is a segment of another Isocracy song, called Confederate Flags. Additionally, the name of the song is Confederate Flags spelled backwards.

References

External links
 Bedtime for Isocracy at Discogs.com

1988 debut EPs
Lookout! Records EPs


Lemah Mountain is a mountain peak in the Snoqualmie Crest, a part of the North Cascades Mountains, of the Washington state. It is located approximately  from Snoqualmie Pass. Most noted for its five distinct summits, its name, Lemah, comes from the Chinook Jargon word Lemah, in turn derived from a French word, le main, meaning "hand". Lemah Mountain formed by rocks crumpled into mountains by the Cascadia subduction zone where the Juan de Fuca and North American plates meet.

The mountain has five separate summits, the highest of which is more than  above sea level. Lemah One (6,960'), Lemah Two (7,280'), Main Peak (7,512', also called Lemah Three), Lemah Four (7,200') and Lemah Five (7,040') make up these peaks. Each summit has an individual ascent path. Main Peak, the highest of the five towers, was first ascended in 1923.

The Lemah Glacier rests on the east slope of the mountain, and is mostly divided into three remaining sections. Lemah Creek, a stream named after the mountain, drains this glacier and eventually meets the Cooper River. Burnt Boot Creek drains another flank of Lemah Mountain, and it is a tributary of the Cooper River as well. On the western flank of Lemah is a small lake called Avalanche Lake.

Ascents
 Lemah Mountain's main summit was first climbed by Wallace Burr and party on July 7, 1923.
 Lemah One (6960'), also called Lemah Thumb and Iapia Peak, was first climbed on the 1925 Mountaineer outing.
 On the eastern spur of Lemah Two, there stands two rock towers, the lower of which is the more massive. The upper tower (7000'), also known as Goatshead Spire, was first climbed on August 8, 1982, by Donald Goodman and John Mason.

Climate

Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel east toward the Cascade Mountains. As fronts approach, they are forced upward by the peaks of the Cascade Range, causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the Cascades (Orographic lift). As a result, the Cascades experience high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. During winter months, weather is usually cloudy, but, due to high pressure systems over the Pacific Ocean that intensify during summer months, there is often little or no cloud cover during the summer.

Geology
Lemah Mountain is situated in the Alpine Lakes Wilderness, an area which features some of the most rugged topography in the Cascade Range with craggy peaks and ridges, deep glacial valleys, and granite spires spotted with over 700 mountain lakes.  Geological events occurring many years ago created the diverse topography and drastic elevation changes over the Cascade Range leading to various climate differences.

The history of the formation of the Cascade Mountains dates back millions of years ago to the late Eocene Epoch. With the North American Plate overriding the Pacific Plate, episodes of volcanic igneous activity persisted.  In addition, small fragments of the oceanic and continental lithosphere called terranes created the North Cascades about 50 million years ago.

During the Pleistocene period dating back over two million years ago, glaciation advancing and retreating repeatedly scoured the landscape leaving  deposits of rock debris. The last glacial retreat in the Alpine Lakes area began about 14,000 years ago and was north of the Canada–US border by 10,000 years ago. The "U"-shaped cross section of the river valleys are a result of that recent glaciation. Uplift and faulting in combination with glaciation have been the dominant processes which have created the tall peaks and deep valleys of the Alpine Lakes Wilderness area.

References

External links
 Lemah Mountain at mountainzone.com

Cascade Range
Mountains of King County, Washington
Mountains of Kittitas County, Washington
Mountains of Washington (state)
Chinook Jargon place names


Luc-Willy Deheuvels is a French agrégé in the Arabic language, a university professor at the National Institute of Oriental Languages and Civilizations (INALCO), the director of the Research Center for the Middle East and the Mediterranean Sea (CERMOM), and the Chairman of the jury of the Arabic agrégation.

Bibliography

 Manual of the modern Arabic language, published in two volumes, with two packs for these volumes, each one containing two audio cassettes  (2 volumes) :
Manual of the modern Arabic language, Volume I (1 book + 2 audio cassettes package), by Luc-Willy Deheuvels, published in the collection of worlds and languages / at the National Institute of Oriental Languages and Civilizations / INALCO, “L'Asiathèque” (Asian Library), Paris, 1996   (vol. 1)
 Manual of the modern Arabic language , Volume II (1 book + 2 audio cassettes package), by Luc-Willy Deheuvels, published in the collection of worlds and languages/at the National Institute of Oriental Languages and Civilizations / INALCO, “L'Asiathèque” (Asian Library), Paris, 1996  (vol 2)
Islam and contemporary thought in Algeria, in The Al-Assala magazine, 1971-1981; by Luc-Willy Deheuvels, the National Center for Scientific Research, CNRS Editions, 1991.
Alchemy and structure of the imagination in the novel of "al-Sudd" (The Dam) of the Tunisian writer Mahmoud Messadi, by Luc-Willy Deheuvels, published in Words, symbols, myths: Mixes offered to Jamel Eddine Bencheikh, edited by Floréal Sanagustin.
 History and epic literary to the contemporary Algerian fundamentalist movements during the seventies , published in the Arabs and creative history, under the supervision of Dominique Chevallier, Publications of the University of Paris-Sorbonne, 1995.

Translations
La quarantième pièce, (The other chambers) of Jabrâ Ibrâhîm Jabrâ (translated by Luc-Willy Deheuvels), published in a bilingual edition, Arabic and French in the collection of worlds and languages / at the National Institute of Oriental Languages and Civilizations / INALCO, “L'Asiathèque” (Asian Library), Paris, 1997,

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
French literary critics
French orientalists
French Arabists
Literary critics of Arabic


Poseidon and the Bitter Bug is the 11th studio album by Indigo Girls, released on March 24, 2009 by Vanguard Records. The title is drawn from lines in tracks "Fleet of Hope" and "Second Time Around" – "You're all washed up when Poseidon has his day" and "I've been bitten by the bitter bug."

As of 2010 album has sold 70,000 copies in US.

Track listing
"Digging for Your Dream" (Emily Saliers) – 3:57
"Sugar Tongue" (Amy Ray) – 3:37
"Love of Our Lives" (Saliers) – 3:51
"Driver Education" (Ray) – 2:18
"I'll Change" (Saliers) – 3:23
"Second Time Around" (Ray) – 4:12
"What Are You Like?" (Saliers) – 2:51
"Ghost of the Gang" (Ray) – 3:17
"Fleet of Hope" (Saliers) – 4:27
"True Romantic" (Ray) – 4:11

Deluxe Version bonus tracks
"Ghost of the Gang" (Acoustic Version) – 3:10
"I'll Change" (Acoustic Version) – 3:58
"Sugar Tongue" (Acoustic Version) – 3:47
"Love of Our Lives" (Acoustic Version) – 3:46
"Salty South" (Ray) – 4:17
"Digging for Your Dream" (Acoustic Version) – 3:22
"Second Time Around" (Acoustic Version) – 4:43
"What Are You Like?" (Acoustic Version) – 2:50
"Driver Education" (Acoustic Version) – 2:21
"Fleet of Hope" (Acoustic Version) – 4:31
"True Romantic" (Acoustic Version) – 3:56

Personnel
Indigo Girls
Amy Ray – Vocals, acoustic guitar, electric guitar, mandolin, harmonica
Emily Saliers – Vocals, acoustic guitar, electric guitar

Additional personnel
David Boucher – engineering
Alison Brown - banjo
Matt Chamberlain – drums, percussion, programming
Mitchell Froom – keyboards, production
Clare Kenny – bass guitar
Missy Higgins – background vocals on "Digging for Your Dream" and "True Romantic"

References

External links
Blog posting by Emily on the making of the album
Blog posting by Amy with video clip of Love of Our Lives rehearsal

2009 albums
Albums produced by Mitchell Froom
Indigo Girls albums
Vanguard Records albums


Hilltop is a neighborhood of Denver, Colorado. According to the Piton Foundation's summary of United States Census data, the 2016 population of the neighborhood was 9,311, average household income was $215,780, and there were 3,973 housing units.

Boundaries
The City of Denver-defined neighborhood of Hilltop is bordered on the west by Colorado Boulevard, on the north by 6th Avenue, and on the south by Alameda Avenue. The eastern boundary is irregular, extending to Quebec Street at the north end, and encompassing properties on both sides of Monaco Parkway at the south end.

Landmarks
The Hilltop neighborhood gets it name from the fact that it is higher in elevation than the surrounding parts of the city. In the center of the neighborhood is Cranmer Park, with a view of the Front Range mountains. The Graland Country Day School, an independent, co-educational day school for grades K-9 is located in the neighborhood, as is Temple Emanuel, Carson Elementary, Steck Elementary and Hill Campus of Arts and Sciences.

Character
Hilltop is one of Denver's wealthiest neighborhoods. It was developed in the 1940s and 1950s, and since the 1990s, many of the original houses have being demolished and replaced with large houses on medium-sized lots.

References

Neighborhoods in Denver


The Hawaiian tropical high shrublands are a tropical savanna ecoregion in the Hawaiian Islands.

Geography
The high shrublands ecoregion covers an area of  on the upper slopes of the volcanoes Mauna Kea, Mauna Loa, Hualālai, and Haleakalā.

Flora
The plant communities include open shrublands, grasslands, and deserts. Shrubland species include āheahea (Chenopodium oahuense), ōhelo ai (Vaccinium reticulatum), naenae (Dubautia menziesii), and iliahi (Santalum haleakalae). Alpine grasslands are dominated by tussock grasses, such as Deschampsia nubigena, Eragrostis atropioides, Panicum tenuifolium, and pili uka (Trisetum glomeratum). Deserts occur on the coldest and driest peaks, where only extremely hardy plants such as āhinahina (Argyroxiphium sandwicense) and Dubautia species are able to grow.

Fauna
The nēnē (Branta sandvicensis) is one of the few birds found in alpine shrublands, while uau (Pterodroma sandwichensis) nest in this ecoregion.

See also
List of ecoregions in the United States (WWF)

References

High shrublands
Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands of the United States

.
.
Oceanian ecoregions


Leprechaun is an American horror comedy film series consisting of eight slasher films. Beginning with Leprechaun (1993), the series centers on a malevolent and murderous leprechaun, named Iubdan who, when his gold is taken from him, resorts to any means necessary to reclaim it. None of the films in the series are presented in chronological order. Warwick Davis plays the title role in every film except for the 2014 film Leprechaun: Origins, and the 2018 film Leprechaun Returns, in which the character is respectively portrayed by Dylan Postl and Linden Porco. On St. Patrick's Day, all Leprechaun films are played on Syfy.

Films

The first two films were theatrically released. After a disappointing gross from Leprechaun 2, Vidmark released the following sequels direct-to-video.

Lionsgate and WWE Studios (who worked together on See No Evil and The Condemned) were teaming up to reboot the film series around 2010s. Dylan Postl (who works under a leprechaun gimmick in WWE as Hornswoggle) starred in the role as Leprechaun. Until May 2013, there were no updates on the film's progress. Zach Lipovsky, a visual effects supervisor and a finalist on the reality game show On the Lot was hired to direct the reboot. The film was released under a VOD/Digital HD format on August 26, 2014 (following a limited release on August 22), with the DVD/Blu-ray released on September 30.

Leprechaun Returns takes place 25 years after the original film. Linden Porco plays the title role, while Mark Holton reprises his role of Ozzie Jones from the first film.
The film was released through digital and on demand on December 11, 2018.

Future
A crossover film with the Candyman film series   was in development following the release and subsequent box office success of Freddy vs. Jason, tentatively entitled Candyman vs. Leprechaun, with a script treatment written and Davis set to reprise his role. However, the project stalled after Tony Todd immediately flat out refused to participate in such a project, stating that he had too much respect for his character to see him used for such a purpose.

In explaining why he didn't reprise his role in Leprechaun Returns, Davis said he stopped appearing in horror films after the birth of his children: "You know what, we did six 'Leprechaun' films, and around Halloween people always watch them and love them. Horror is an interesting medium. I think it's different when you have kids; you look at horror in a slightly different way. Since I finished the Leprechaun films I had kids and I see the world through their eyes, and to be in a horror movie right now is probably not quite right". Davis did leave open the possibility of returning to the franchise, remarking: "I will wait until my son turns 18 and then I'll do some horror again".

In March 2019, Darren Lynn Bousman, director of four films in the Saw franchise, expressed interest in a Leprechaun reboot with Davis starring. Bousman announced his intentions on Twitter, detailing a plot that would send the Leprechaun back to the Colorado Gold Rush. In 2021, Bousman reiterated his desire to direct a Leprechaun film while promoting Spiral: From The Book of Saw. In an interview with Bloody Disgusting, Bousman explained his plans further, stating that his potential film would not be a reboot, but "a more direct sequel to the Leprechaun franchise", and he "would demand that Warwick Davis come back". Bousman further declared that he would not try to change the tone of the series (à la Leprechaun: Origins) but would stick to the darkly comedic themes of the original six films: "I think that’s what’s so great about the Leprechaun films. They’re silly, they’re fun. They are violent, but it’s a pure popcorn movie. I would not try to change the tone. I would make it equally as batshit, bonkers crazy. It would be between the first film and Back 2 tha Hood. It would be somewhere in that tonal frame. It got really ridiculous as they went on, but that ridiculousness is what made them fun".

In April 2022, Bloody Disgusting reported that Lionsgate was "actively seeking out pitches for the next Leprechaun movie". Nearly a year later in February 2023, the original film's director Mark Jones told Den of Geek that had discussed the idea of a new film with Davis and expressed interest in seeing the franchise adapted for television. “Warwick and I have talked on and off about it. He likes the idea of a Leprechaun in the Wild West. I think they should do a TV series where the Leprechaun travels the country looking for his gold.”  The Hollywood Reporter announced that Lionsgate are rebooting the franchise again with Felipe Vargas directing.

Cast and characters
 This table shows the characters and the actors who have portrayed them throughout the franchise.
 A dark grey cell indicates the character was not in the film, or that the character's presence in the film has not yet been announced.
 A  indicates an appearance as a younger version of a pre-existing character.
 A  indicates a photographic appearance only.
 A  indicates a vocal appearance only.

Plot summaries
In the original Leprechaun (1993), Daniel O'Grady (Shay Duffin) captures the Leprechaun (Warwick Davis) while in Ireland, takes his gold and smuggles it back to his home in North Dakota, unaware the Leprechaun has followed him. Confronting O'Grady and demanding his gold the Leprechaun is injured by O'Grady and sealed in a crate with a four-leaf clover, though before O'Grady can kill the creature he suffers a stroke. Ten years later the Leprechaun is accidentally released by Tory Redding (a then-unknown Jennifer Aniston) and her new friends, and goes on a killing spree in search of his gold, which Alex Murphy (Robert Gorman) and Ozzie (Mark Holton) had discovered. After the Leprechaun reclaims the bulk of his gold he is defeated when Alex shoots a four-leaf clover down his throat with a slingshot and Alex's older brother Nathan (Ken Olandt) blows up the well the Leprechaun falls into.

In Leprechaun 2 (1994) the Leprechaun seeks out a new bride in modern-day Los Angeles, one thousand years after an earlier attempt to claim a bride was foiled. Claiming a fussy teenage girl named Bridget (Shevonne Durkin), the descendant of his original choice of a wife, the Leprechaun holds her captive in his lair and terrorizes her boyfriend Cody (Charlie Heath), who had taken one of his gold coins. In the end Cody saves Bridget and defeats the Leprechaun by impaling him with a spike made of wrought iron, one of the few substances that can harm a Leprechaun.

Leprechaun 3 (1995) begins with the Leprechaun, having been changed into a statue by a magical medallion, being sold to a Las Vegas pawn shop. Assuming his original form when the clerk removes the medallion, the Leprechaun kills him and goes on a rampage through Las Vegas in search of one of his wish granting coins, which is passed from hand to hand. The Leprechaun is ultimately defeated by college student Scott McCoy (John Gatins) and Scott's new girlfriend Tammy Larsen (Lee Armstrong), who blast his gold with a flamethrower, causing it to vanish and the Leprechaun to burst into flames.

Taking place in the future, Leprechaun 4: In Space (1997) has the Leprechaun abduct and begin courting snobbish alien princess Zarina (Rebekah Carlton), seducing her with promises of wealth. After being blown up by a group of marines who rescue Zarina, the Leprechaun is reborn on the marines' ship via exploding out of the groin of one of an unfortunate man, Kowalski. He then goes off in search of his stolen bride and gold, killing all those who get in his way. After being turned into a giant via an enlargement ray, the Leprechaun is ejected into space by the survivors of the massacre, Tina Reeves (Jessica Collins), Books Malloy (Brent Jasmer) and Sticks (Miguel A. Núñez, Jr.).

Set in Compton, California, Leprechaun in the Hood (2000) has the Leprechaun being turned to stone once more, this time by pimp Mack Daddy O'Nassas (Ice-T), who uses the Leprechaun's mind-controlling magic flute to become a successful music producer. Years later, the Leprechaun is unknowingly changed back to flesh and blood by a trio of wannabe rappers led by Postmaster P. (Anthony Montgomery) who rob Mack Daddy, taking the Leprechaun's gold and the flute from him with the intent of using the objects to become successful. Hunted by both Mack Daddy and the Leprechaun, Postmaster P., after his friends and Mack Daddy are killed, is brainwashed into becoming a servant of the Leprechaun.

Leprechaun: Back 2 tha Hood (2003) begins with the Leprechaun stalking Father Jacob (Willie C. Carpenter) trying to get his gold back, only to be dragged into the ground by demonic hands when the priest uses four-leaf clover laced holy water against him before dying from a heart attack. One year later the Leprechaun's gold is discovered by eighteen-year-old Emily Woodrow (Tangi Miller) and her friends, who use the gold to fulfill their wildest fantasies, unintentionally releasing the Leprechaun, who goes after Emily and the others to get his gold back, killing everyone who gets in his way. On the rooftop of the abandoned community centre Father Jacob had been building using the Leprechaun's gold Emily and her boyfriend Rory Jackson (Laz Alonso) defeat the Leprechaun by knocking him and his gold off the roof and into a pool of wet cement below, where the Leprechaun sinks and becomes trapped.

Leprechaun: Origins (2014), a reboot of the series, centers entirely on four American college students touring in Ireland. They come across the monolith from the opening scene, partially intending to study the history symbols but unaware that it is where all hell broke loose for the young couple. Hamish McConville (Garry Chalk), a friendly Irish man they meet at a bar when they stop, tells them the story of history about the village they are seeing - a mining centre that was used for cavern-obtained gold until it ran out, causing the population to decrease. An initially unseen force starts raiding the cabin they are left at by their transport provider, and they eventually realise that they are being sacrificed by Hamish and his son Sean (Teach Grant) to The Leprechaun (Dylan Postl) to atone for the decrease and eventual loss of the gold supply. The deadly and homicidal Leprechaun (Irish: Tuath De Danann) hunts the college students throughout their perilous struggles to survive its onslaught, which ends with it being killed by Sophie (Stephanie Bennett), the surviving student, and Hamish being killed by the creature in retribution for double-crossing them as the village's final sacrifice.

Leprechaun Returns (2018) centers on the first leprechaun (played here by Linden Porco) who escapes from the well into which he was barricaded 25 years prior by Tory Redding (Jennifer Aniston), her father and her friends who accompanied her at the O'Grady house, where he originally found them and terrorized them to get his gold back. In the present day, he returns to terrorize Laila Jenkins (Taylor Spreitler) and her sorority sisters as well as two men staying with them. With this storyline, all previous films but the first have been retconned, making it a direct sequel that takes over from Leprechaun 2 (1994) until Leprechaun Origins (2014). Laila, a university student, is bought to her sorority home by Ozzie Jones, which sees actor Mark Holton reprising his role, and Tory is revealed to be Laila's mother who has died of cancer, having lived much of her life fearing the creature's return. After dropping Laila off at the house - the same house from 1993, now branded with the AU sorority symbol - he drops his phone while unloading her luggage, and upon returning to retrieve it, he is spat on from down the well by a splash of green water, some of which he swallows, and during his getaway he begins experiencing stomach pains, leading to the creature rebirthing himself and escaping. He kills Ozzie by tearing out of his torso before appearing at the house, killing two of Laila's sorority sisters and the two men. He is eventually electrocuted and ignited, causing the house to explode, but after Laila and Katie (Pepi Sonuga) escape and are driven back to the university campus, he is revealed to have reanimated and is last shown flagging down a truck for a drive to Bismarck, the capital of North Dakota.

Reception

Critical and public response

Home media
The series has been released on DVD both separate and in collections. The entire film series was released on Blu-ray for the first time in a box set titled Leprechaun: The Complete Movie Collection on September 30, 2014.

Other media

Comic books
Prior to the release of the original Leprechaun Trimark Pictures released an eight-page comic book prequel to the film. The story presented in the book is contradictory to the events of the film in several regards, such as depicting Daniel O'Grady as a lowly farmer and inhabitant of Ireland (instead of America) who obtains the Leprechaun's gold not by capturing the creature (as was stated in the film) but by following a rainbow.

A publishing company Bluewater Productions released a Leprechaun comic book series, which began in May 2009. Written by Zachary Hunchar and illustrated by Kris Carter the first arc of the series follows the Leprechaun (who is revealed to be named "Iubdan" and is also the king and last of his species) as he battles rival race the Clurichaun and travels the world in search of his gold, which was stolen and auctioned off online, with the reluctant help of the geeky Ethan Thomas and his friends. With only four issues released, the series was seemingly cancelled, as no new issues have been announced. Micheal Kingston was slated to write the second arc of the series.

Plans for a four-issue comic book crossover between the Leprechaun and Warlock series, which would have been written by Nick Lyons and released in late 2009, were made, but did not come to pass.

References

Film series introduced in 1993
American film series
Lionsgate films
Lionsgate franchises
American comedy horror films
Supernatural comedy films
English-language films
American dark fantasy films
Slasher film series
Supernatural fantasy films
American supernatural horror films
Saint Patrick's Day films


Bermingham is the Gaelicised version of 'De Birmingham' and is descended from the family of Warwickshire, England. The Irish version of the name MacFeorais/MacPheorais is derived from Pierce de Bermingham (died 1307). The first recorded Bermingham in Ireland, Robert de Bermingham (son of William) accompanied Richard de Clare or 'Strongbow' in Henry II's conquest of Ireland in 1172. On arrival he received: "an ancient monument, valued at 200 pounds, on which was represented in brass the landing of the first ancestor of the family of Birmingham in Ireland."

The family settled initially in Galway in the west of the country and later in Kildare in the east. Myler de Bermingham founded the town and abbey of Athenry, Galway in 1240. The Pierce de Bermingham mentioned above held a castle at Carrick in county Kildare and is noted in history for murdering over twenty of the O' Connors clan at a feast he held there in 1305. For this 'notorious' act he earned the title of the 'Treacherous Baron'.
Lord Richard de Bermingham was victorious in the Second Battle of Athenry in 1316. Richard's cousin John Earl of Louth defeated Edward Bruce at the Battle of Faughart in 1318. He was subsequently murdered along with over 150 relatives and guests during the Braganstown Massacre in 1329.

The Peerage title of Baron of Athenry/Lord Athenry (one of the oldest titles on record in Ireland and Britain) was held by the Berminghams of Galway from the time of their arrival until 1799. Thomas Bermingham, the last Baron of Athenry and Earl of Louth died without a male heir that year and the title became extinct. The title Earl of Louth was held by two Berminghams, John (1329) and Thomas and also became extinct upon Thomas's death. A number of appeals were made by Bermingham descendants between 1800 and 1830 to the House of Lords to re-establish the Baron of Athenry title but these appeals were unsuccessful as no direct male line could be established.

See also

 De Birmingham family

References

 Bermingham: Origins and History of the Family Name - 1060 to 1830, Douglas P Bermingham, Kildare. 2012.
 Manual of origin, descent, etc., of Barony of Athenry, Dublin, 1820.
 Carbury and the Birminghams's county Matthew Devitt, Journal of the Kildare Archaeological and Historical Society, (1896–99)
 Notes on the Persons named in the Obituary Book of the Franciscan Abbey at Galway, Martin J. Blake, Journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society, vol. VII. No. I.
 Notes on the Bermingham Pedigree G. H. Orpen, op. cit., IX (1915–16), pp. 195–205.
 The Bermingham family of Athenry Hubert T.Knox, op.cit., X, (1917–1918), pp. 139–54.
 The Surnames of Ireland, Edward MacLysaght, p. 17, Dublin, 1978.

External links
 Origins of Birmingham Birmingham City Council
 Family name: Bermingham/Birmingham (Lord Athenry) National University of Ireland, Galway
 Bermingham/Birmingham House National University of Ireland, Galway
 Bermingham family, Barons Athenry The National Archives
 Bermingham Castles of Ireland

Lordship of Ireland
Irish families


Christopher Melling (born 27 January 1979) is an English professional pool and snooker player and former world number 1 at World Rules British Eight-Ball.
He won the WEPF World Eightball Championship twice, in 2001 and 2003. He was ranked #1 in 2003 by the World Eightball Pool Federation. Melling has also twice won the International Pool Masters (2001 and 2002) and the European Professional title (2002). He was the first player to win two International Tour events back to back. His entrance by walk-on music is from the song “Wannabe” by Spice Girls. Melling is also the only cue sports player to hold professional status in English 8 ball, American pool and snooker.

Career
In 2001, Melling reached the last 16 of the 2001 WPA World Nine-ball Championship in Cardiff, beating Steve Davis along the way.

Melling tours worldwide to pursue his 9-ball pool career. In October 2010 he won his first European 9-Ball event - the Portugal Open. On 12 June 2011 Melling was crowned China Open champion and received $40,000. This was his first major 9-Ball Pool tournament victory.

In December 2011, Melling participated in the 18th annual Mosconi Cup, and won four of his six matches. A year later he won the Most Valuable Player Award in the 2012 Mosconi Cup.

In January 2013, he reached the final of the Chinese 8-Ball Masters, losing to Gareth Potts. He also lost to Potts in the final of the 2005 World Rules 8-Ball Championship. Also in 2013 he reached the quarter finals of the 2013 WPA World Nine-ball Championship, the World Masters, World Cup of Pool and finished 5th in the US Open 9-Ball Championship.

In May 2014, Melling entered the snooker 2014 Q School in an attempt to regain his professional status and defeated the likes of former professionals Daniel Wells and Chen Zhe 4–3 and 4–1 respectively, before winning his quarter-final match against Duane Jones 4–3 to earn a two-year tour card for the 2014–15 and 2015–16 seasons. This saw him become the first person to have been a professional in 8-Ball Pool, 9-Ball Pool and Snooker at the same time.

His first match as a professional saw him beat 2003 UK Championship winner Matthew Stevens 5–4 to qualify for the 2014 Wuxi Classic, but he lost 5–1 to Zhao Xintong in the first round. Melling also played in the first round of the International Championship by defeating Luca Brecel 6–5 and was knocked out 6–1 by Zhou Yuelong. His first victory at the venue stage of a ranking event came at the Welsh Open after he edged out Nigel Bond 4–3, before being whitewashed 4–0 by home favourite Michael White in the second round.

The 2015–16 season proved harder for Melling as he could only win four matches all year. He dropped off the tour at the end of the season and could not win enough matches at the 2016 Q School to win his place back.

Snooker performance and rankings timeline

Pool titles
 2019 IPT Ultimate Pool Series - Event 2
 2018 Derby City Classic 9-Ball
 2018 World Pool Series 8-Ball Classic
 2017 Derby City Classic 14.1 Challenge
 2012 Mosconi Cup (MVP)
 2012 Mosconi Cup
 2011 Mosconi Cup
 2011 China Open 9-Ball Championship
 2010 Euro Tour Portugal Open
 2005 Snooker PIOS - Event 5
 2003 WEPF World Eightball Championship
 2002 Snooker Challenge Tour – Event 1
 2001 WEPF World Eightball Championship

References

External links

English pool players
Living people
1979 births
World champions in pool
English snooker players
Sportspeople from London
Snooker players from London


Garin College is a New Zealand Catholic, integrated, co-educational day and boarding secondary school in Nelson on the northern outskirts of Richmond. The college opened on 28 January 2002 to serve the Catholic community, particularly in the upper South Island.

The college is named after Father Antoine Marie Garin (1810–1889) who was the founding pastor of the Catholic Church in Nelson. The proprietor of the school is the Catholic Archbishop of Wellington.

Houses

Garin College has four houses. The houses all have individual names and are represented by colours. Siblings enrolled at the college are often put in the same house.

 Aubert, Blue House
 Barbier, Green house
 MacKillop, Yellow house
 McAuley, Red house

Boarding hostels
The school has accommodation for up to 56 boarders from outlying areas in its boarding hostel, separated into two houses by gender: Francis Douglas House for male students; and Mother Teresa House for female students.

Haka

The college's haka was written and performed for the first time in 2006, four years after the school first opened. It was first unveiled to the school and spectators at the 2006 annual Te Wairua o nga Mahi Toi festival. It was the opening act on the 2006 final Mahi Toi night.

Principals
 John Boyce (2002-2015)
 John Maguire (2016-present)

Notable alumni & students

 Caleb Nott – member of music duo Broods
 Georgia Nott – lead vocals of music duo Broods
 Anna Robinson – singer
 Nate Wilbourne – environmentalist

References

Educational institutions established in 2002
Buildings and structures in Nelson, New Zealand
Secondary schools in Nelson, New Zealand
Catholic secondary schools in New Zealand
Boarding schools in New Zealand
2002 establishments in New Zealand
Richmond, New Zealand


is Eiko Shimamiya's fourth single produced by I've Sound and Geneon Entertainment label. It is set to be released on April 8, 2009, a year after releasing her third single "Wheel of Fortune". The title track is used as the opening theme for , the live-action film sequel for the first Higurashi no Naku Koro ni live-action film.

The single's catalog number is FCCJ-0003 for the regular CD-only edition since it won't be having a limited CD+DVD edition. Overall, this will be Shimamiya's fourth tie-in with the Higurashi no Naku Koro ni series.

Track listing

—4:41
Composition: Tomoyuki Nakazawa
Arrangement: Tomoyuki Nakazawa, Takeshi Ozaki
Lyrics: Eiko Shimamiya
OXISOLS—5:15
Composition/Arrangement: SORMA No.1
Lyrics: Eiko Shimamiya
 -instrumental- -- 4:36
OXISOLS -instrumental- -- 5:12

Charts and sales

2009 singles
Eiko Shimamiya songs
Song recordings produced by I've Sound
2009 songs
Japanese film songs


A mosquito laser is a proposed device that would use lasers to kill mosquitoes. The primary goal would be to reduce malaria infection rates.

In 2007, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation asked Intellectual Ventures to find a way to fight and eventually end malaria. There, astrophysicist Lowell Wood had the idea to use lasers. Their project received considerable media attention around 2010, but the device was still under development as of 2017.

Project development

Initial vision
At a brainstorming session in 2007, to think of solutions for malaria, Wood, one of the architects of the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), also known as "Star Wars", suggested designing a system to kill mosquitoes with lasers. Soon after, the idea was followed up by many scientists at Intellectual Ventures and mosquitoes were being shot down within a year.

The original idea incorporates laser technology that stems from the SDI, scaled down to insects. Although the malaria-carrying parasite is gone from most developed nations, it is getting worse in undeveloped countries, and it is also becoming more resistant to drugs. Rather than continue with drugs or other pesticides, the mosquito laser takes a more direct approach by instantly killing mosquitoes or burning off their wings and rendering them harmless. One of the design goals was to minimize collateral damage to other species and the environment.

The laser, humorously referred to by some as a WMD (Weapon of Mosquito Destruction), works effectively at a range of 100 feet (approx. 30 meters). Although the team at Intellectual Ventures is confident in the effectiveness of the laser, they do not expect it to eliminate malaria altogether. They believe several technologies must be combined for maximum eradication and minimal cost.

Scientists involved
The team includes several scientists that previously worked at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Wood worked with Edward Teller, the father of the hydrogen bomb, and architect of the SDI anti-missile laser program. Currently there are several scientists involved with the project, including scientist Jordin Kare, PhD, and principal investigator Eric Johanson. These scientists' knowledge spans several fields; the scientists include engineers, an insect physiologist, an optical specialist, a computational modeling scientist, and an epidemiologist.

Implementations
Several concepts were explored, considering cost and efficiency. Devised implementations included a hand-held model, flying drones, and the current prototype, the Photonic Fence. As of early 2008, Intellectual Venture's prototype consisted of a hand-held laser, capable of shooting down mosquitoes in limited numbers. The Intellectual Ventures scientists once suggested attaching a mosquito laser system to a small flying drone so that it could patrol the air. The current prototype idea being pursued is a perimeter based implementation known as the Photonic Fence. However, a device that can kill mosquitoes at a long enough range to make it practical has never been implemented.

2010 prototype

Photonic fence
The device works by using infra-red light-emitting diode (LED) lamps on a fence post to create a field of light. This field of light reflects from retroreflective material on another fence post, much like that used on roads and highway signs, and bounces back to its source. This field of light is monitored by charge-coupled devices (CCDs) similar to the ones used in consumer digital cameras. These cameras are situated on both fence posts and detect shadows in the light between the posts. Once an insect is detected, a non-lethal laser is fired at it. This non-lethal laser is used to determine the size of the insect, and the frequency at which its wings are beating.

The information gathered by the non-lethal laser can be used to determine the type of insect, and even its sex because wing beat patterns are unique to each species and sex. This is important in preventing malaria because only female mosquitoes bite humans. Also, only mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles carry the malaria-causing parasite of the genus plasmodium. All of these determining calculations are done using a custom image processing board using software written specifically for this application. Once the software confirms that the insect is of the targeted species and sex, a safety check makes sure that nothing is in the way of the laser and the mosquito. Once this safety check is completed, the lethal laser is given permission to shoot.

The lethal laser could be one of several low-power consumer lasers, but blue-violet lasers, similar to the ones found in Blu-ray players, are thought to have great potential. Blue-violet lasers are preferable as higher powered ones, they are more available than red, and cheaper – due to them being used in the Blu-ray industry. The lethal laser is fired at the mosquito and is able to kill it mid-flight, possibly by overheating it. In a video published by Intellectual Ventures, the mosquito's wings appear to wither, shrivel up and the body drops to the floor, often motionless. Jordin Kare has published a discussion on how one might build a DIY photonic fence. Eric Johanson published information about the history of the device and how the system works in Make Magazine Issue 23.

Effectiveness
The Photonic Fence is thought to be best deployed surrounding buildings, such as hospitals and schools, or even whole villages, in an effort to reduce the spread of malaria. According to Nathan Myhrvold, co-founder of Intellectual Ventures, the Photonic Fence can kill up to 50 to 100 mosquitoes a second, at a maximum range of approx. 30 m (100 ft).

Cost
The Photonic Fence can be manufactured from parts used in current generation consumer technology and is projected to be relatively low cost. Myhrvold believes it can be made for around $50 per unit; however, Intellectual Ventures does not intend to manufacture the units, but rather to come up with a final design. The prototype of the fence was built with parts bought on eBay. All three stages of the photonic fence can be made from this consumer technology. When the device is looking for mosquitoes that pass its field of vision, it uses basic infra-red LEDs, and light sensors from modern digital cameras. To target and kill the mosquitoes it uses similar laser technology found in optical devices such as DVD, or Blu-ray disc drives.

Environmental, ecological, and usability concerns
The collateral damage to the non-malaria-carrying insect population from the Photonic Fence is thought to be low. Since the system can rapidly determine its target by wing beat frequency, it can be set to target only the female mosquitoes, who are the carriers of malaria in certain species of mosquitoes. Furthermore, this distinction allows it to avoid species of insects which don't spread disease, such as bees. The risk for collateral damage is minimized because the prototype checks the target and the kill-laser is barely strong enough to destroy mosquito tissue. The laser, as a replacement for pesticides, does not cause widespread environmental damage that pesticides do.

Some areas where malaria is prevalent do not have reliable electrical power.

See also
 Laser fence
 Mosquito net

References

Malaria
Insect control
Laser applications
Pest control techniques
Flies and humans


Hess v. Pawloski, 274 U.S. 352 (1927), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that a statute designating the Massachusetts registrar of motor vehicles as agent for purpose of service of process for out-of-state non-resident motorists complies with the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

Background

Hess, a Pennsylvania resident, was involved in a car accident with Pawloski, a Massachusetts resident, while driving in Worcester, Massachusetts.

At the time of the accident, a Massachusetts statute stated that a non-resident motorist implicitly consented to the appointment of the registrar of motor vehicles to act as his agent for service of process in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and that personal service served upon the registrar was to be as valid as personal service upon the defendant, so long as a copy of the process was forwarded by registered mail to the defendant at the defendant's last known address. This legal concept of "implied consent" allowed Massachusetts to exercise jurisdiction over nonresidents who were not present in the state at the time service of process was executed upon the agent as stipulated in the statute. In the Massachusetts court, Hess appeared specially to contest jurisdiction but not answer the claim against him. His motion to dismiss was denied.

On appeal, Hess argued that the Massachusetts statute at issue in the case was an unconstitutional exercise of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts's police power in light of the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, and that Massachusetts could not exercise personal jurisdiction over him because
he was not a resident of the state,
he was not personally served while in Massachusetts, and
he never consented to the appointment of an agent for service of process.

Analysis

In this decision, the Court expanded the reach of personal jurisdiction beyond rule promulgated in prior Supreme Court jurisprudence, because it suggested that non-residents are subject to a court having jurisdiction at the location of an accident. Only three exceptions to territorial jurisdiction existed: cases involving marriage status; where a party has given consent (e.g. establishing a corporation); and where the party is a resident of the state. In Hess, the court relaxed the legal rules defining consent established in Pennoyer v. Neff to include nonresidents who travel through Massachusetts using the highway system.

This decision reflected an attempt by the Court to fit the problems of an increasingly more mobile and technologically advanced society in the model of Justice Field in Pennoyer.

The Court reasoned that cars are dangerous, and that states have the power to regulate their operation in order to make highways safe. Here, the implied consent was narrowly limited to proceedings related to accidents on highways in which the non-resident is involved. The difference between a formal and informal appointment of an agent isn't substantive in relation to the Due Process Clause.

Most importantly, the statute is not hostile to the non-resident, because he is put on nearly equal footing with the resident plaintiff.

See also
List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 274

References

External links

 Summary of Hess v. Pawloski at Lawnix.com

1927 in United States case law
United States civil procedure case law
United States Supreme Court cases
United States Supreme Court cases of the Taft Court
Transportation in Worcester, Massachusetts
Vehicle law
Transport case law


Lowell Lincoln Wood Jr. (born 1941) is an American astrophysicist who has been involved with the Strategic Defense Initiative and with geoengineering studies. He has been affiliated with Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and the Hoover Institution, and chaired the EMP Commission.  Wood is a prolific inventor listed on 1,761 U.S. patents as of August 21, 2018.  Wood passed Thomas Edison on June 30, 2015, becoming the all-time most prolific inventor from the United States based on number of issued U.S. utility patents.

Wood earned a PhD in geophysics from the University of California at Los Angeles in 1965 for thesis titled Hyperthermal Processes in the Solar Atmosphere. He currently works for Intellectual Ventures.

Political work
Wood meets and consults with global think tanks on global warming. He has suggested anti-global warming measures, including space mirrors, carbon sequestration in the ocean, employing stratospheric sulfate aerosols, and super-efficient nuclear reactors. Through Intellectual Ventures, he consults for Bill Gates and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation in support of their global vaccination program and other humanitarian projects.

Awards and honors
In 1981, he received the U.S. Department of Energy’s Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award “for his outstanding contributions to national security in the areas of directed energy, inertial confinement fusion, underwater communications, nuclear weapon design concepts, and computer technology.” In 1997, he received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.

References

External links
 "Can Geoengineering Save the World?"
 Wood on terraforming Mars
 List of accomplishments

1941 births
Living people
20th-century American inventors
21st-century American inventors
American patent holders
Sustainability advocates
Missile defense
American astrophysicists


The High Transitional Authority (Malagasy: Fitondrana Avon'ny Tetezamita (FAT);  or HAT) was a provisional executive body that came to power in Madagascar following the coup that forced Marc Ravalomanana to leave the country on March 17, 2009 as a result of the 2009 Malagasy protests. It was headed by Andry Rajoelina, who appointed members to the body weeks prior to the handing of executive authority from Ravalomanana to the military, which subsequently gave the authority over to the High Transitional Authority.

The HAT was primarily dominated by members of Determined Malagasy Youth, Rajoelina's party.

On September 17, 2011, a "Roadmap for Ending the Crisis in Madagascar," was signed by opposition leaders that was backed by the Southern African Development Community, or SADC. This resolution aimed at creating a stable government once more, and ending the political crisis that endured in Madagascar. The HAT repeatedly rescheduled the general election, which was held on 20 December 2013, following a first round of presidential elections on 25 October. The presidential elections in December were a runoff between Jean Louis Robinson and Hery Rajaonarimampianina, the top two candidates to emerge from the first round of voting in October. The official results of the second round were announced on 7 January 2014 with Rajaonarimampianina proclaimed the victor with nearly 54% of the vote. This election ended the HAT and restored a regular constitutional government in Madagascar.

Government of Omer Beriziky
On 28 October 2011, Rajoelina announced the selection of a Prime Minister of consensus, Omer Beriziky, who was responsible for forming a new government of consensus intended to facilitate preparations for internationally recognized presidential elections. The Beriziky government includes the following members (party affiliation in parentheses):

Jean Omer Beriziky (LEADER-Fanilo), Prime Minister
Hajo Herivelona Andrianainarivelo, Deputy Prime Minister in charge of development
Pierrot Botozaza, Deputy Prime Minister in charge of economy and industry
Pierrot Rajaonarivelo (AREMA), Minister of Foreign Affairs
Rolland Ravatomanga, Minister of Agriculture
Olga Ramalason (TIM), Minister of Trade
Harry Laurent Rahajason, Minister of Communication
Elia Ravelomanantsoa (Our Madagascar), Minister of Culture and Heritage
Ruffine Tsiranana, Minister of Decentralisation
Julien Reboza (AVI), Minister of Water
Régis Manoro, Minister of Education
Ihanta Randriamandranto, Minister of Animal Husbandry
Nestor Razafindrorika, Minister of Energy
Etienne Hilaire Razafindehibe, Minister of Higher Education
Jean André Ndremanjary, Minister of Technical Education and Professional Training
(vacant), Minister of Environment and Forests
Hery Rajaonarimampianina, Minister of Finance
Tabera Randriamanantsoa, Minister of the Civil Service
General Lucien Rakotoarimasy, Minister of the Armed Forces
Marcel Bernard, Minister of Hydrocarbons
Florent Rakotoarisoa, Minister of Interior
Jacques Ulrich Randriantiana, Minister of Youth and Leisure
Christine Ranazamahasoa, Minister of Justice
Daniella Randrianfeno Tolotrandry Rajo, Minister of Mines
Sylvain Manoriky, Minister of Fishery and Ocean Resources
Olga Vaomalala Ramaroson, Minister of Population
Andriamanjato Ny Hasina, Minister of Mail, Telecommunication and New Technology
Elisa Zafitombo Alibena, Minister of Crafts Industry
Victor Manantsoa, Minister of Relations with Institutions
Johanita Ndahimananjara (AVI), Minister of Public Health
Police Controller-General Arsène Rakotondrazaka, Minister of Internal Security
Gérard Botralahy, Minister of Sports
Jean Max Rakotomamonjy (LEADER-Fanilo), Minister of Tourism
Benjamina Ramarcel Ramanantsoa, Minister of Transport
Colonel Botomanovatsara, Minister of Public Works and Meteorology
General Randrianazary, Secretary of State at the National Gendarmerie

Government of Camille Vital
The HAT Prime Minister before October 2011 was General Camille Vital. Among the members of his government were:

Christine Razanamahasoa, Minister of justice
Organès Rakotomihantarizaka, Minister of homeland security
Hajo Andrianainarivelo, Minister of Decentralization and Regional Planning
Masimana Manantsoa, Minister of the Interior
Benja Razafimahaleo (LEADER-Fanilo), Minister of Finance and Budget
Julien Razafimanjato, Minister of education
Augustin Andriamananoro, Minister of telecommunications
Mario Rakotovao, Minister of the environment

See also
Politics of Madagascar

References

External links

Provisional governments
Politics of Madagascar
Government agencies of Madagascar


Marston St. Lawrence is a village and civil parish about  northwest of Brackley in Northamptonshire. A stream flows through the village and another forms the southern boundary of the parish. The two merge as Farthinghoe Stream, a tributary of the Great Ouse. The 2001 Census recorded the parish population as 209, decreasing slightly to 202 at the 2011 Census.

The villages name means 'marsh farm/settlement'.

Archaeology
A Palaeolithic hand axe has been found southwest of the village. Late Neolithic or Bronze Age finds in the parish include stone scrapers, 27 flint arrowheads, three stone axes and fragments of three polished hand-axes. A Bronze Age hoard of weapons was found in Thenford Hill Farm near the village in the nineteenth century that is now in the collections of the British Museum. Traces of an Iron Age and Roman-era settlement south of the village have been found. Artefacts recovered include fragments of possibly Iron Age pottery, Roman tiles and pottery, and five second- or third-century urns, including one containing bones. Traces of other Roman-era settlements have been found in other parts of the parish.

A Saxon cemetery  north of the village was found in the 1840s. One skeleton was found in 1842, leading to an excavation in 1843 that found 32 skeletons of humans and one of a horse. There were also four urns, three of which contained cremations. Artefacts found include six pairs of saucer brooches, one large brooch and a bronze clasp. The cemetery has been tentatively dated to the sixth century AD.

Parish church

The Church of England parish church of St. Lawrence is a Grade I listed building.
Much of the building is Decorated Gothic, including the chancel arch and the arcades to both the north and south aisles. The north arcade is of four bays and was built in the 13th century. The Perpendicular Gothic east window of the chancel was added in the second half of the 14th century. One of the aisles was also rebuilt in Perpendicular Gothic, and the bell tower was added late in the Perpendicular period (15th or early 16th century). There are two carved wooden screens: a Perpendicular one to the north chapel and a very well-carved Jacobean one of about 1610 to the tower.

The tower has a ring of five bells. William Rufford of Toddington, Bedfordshire cast the second and third bells in about 1399. Ellis I Knight of Reading, Berkshire cast the treble and fourth bells in 1627. Henry I Bagley of Chacombe cast the tenor bell in 1639.

The parish is a member of the Chenderit Benefice, which includes the parishes of Chacombe, Greatworth, Middleton Cheney, Thenford and Warkworth.

Marston House
The origins of the house are either Elizabethan or Jacobean, and one wing includes a panelled room that includes a richly carved overmantel bearing the date 1611. But the house was completely rebuilt between 1700 and 1730, making the present building either Queen Anne or early Georgian. It is a Grade II* listed building.

Notable people
Sir John Blencowe and his wife Anne Blencowe lived and were buried here. John was a barrister and Anne was noted for gathering recipes. The labouring-class poet Mary Leapor (1722–46) was born in Marston St Lawrence.

Marston St. Lawrence Cricket Club plays in the South Northants Cricket League.

References

Sources

External links

Civil parishes in Northamptonshire
Villages in Northamptonshire
West Northamptonshire District


"Indian Lake" is a song with music and lyrics written by Tony Romeo. It was recorded by the pop band The Cowsills, and included on their 1968 album Captain Sad and His Ship of Fools (MGM E/SE-4554).  Released as a single, the song reached No. 10 on the Billboard Hot 100, while reaching No. 6 on the Cash Box Top 100, and No. 3 on Canada's RPM 100. The song was ranked as the No. 51 Single of 1968 by Cashbox magazine in its year-ending December 28, 1968 issue. The single eventually sold over 1 million copies, and was later licensed for use in commercials for the Dodge Charger.

Chart performance

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Cover versions
 Freddy Weller recorded the song in 1971 (U.S. No.108) and took it to No. 3 on Billboards Hot Country Singles chart.
 Jan & Dean included it on their 1985 album Silver Summer.

Notes

External links

1968 songs
1968 singles
Number-one singles in New Zealand
Cowsills songs
Jan and Dean songs
Songs written by Tony Romeo
Freddy Weller songs


Galbi-tang () or short rib soup is a variety of guk, or Korean soup, made primarily from beef short ribs along with stewing beef, radish, onions, and other ingredients. The short ribs, or "galbi",also refers to grilled short ribs in Korean barbecue while the suffix tang is another name for guk. Hence, the Korean name literally means "short ribs soup" and is also called garitang, or galitang. The clear and hearty soup is made by slowly simmering galbi in water for a long time and is eaten as a meal. It is similar to seolleongtang, a soup made from the bones of ox legs.

Historical records on galbitang are found in records on table setting for Korean royal court banquets held in the 1890s. However, galbi was assumed to have been eaten since the end of the Goryeo Dynasty (918 – 1392).

Galbitang has been a representative dish served at wedding receptions.

Preparation
About five hours are needed to cook the whole dish. Slits are made in the top of the inner bones with a sharp knife before the ribs are cut to make the flesh separate easily from the prepared beef rib. The ribs are chopped into pieces of  5–6 cm in length, and a whole radish is inserted into a pot with water over a high heat at first. As time goes by, the heat is lowered to a medium temperature. Once the beef becomes soft after being simmered for about four to five hours, the radish is taken out of the pot. It is flatly sliced into a 3 cm length. The ribs are also taken out of the pot and seasoned with minced scallions, garlic, and pepper powder, sesame oil, a mixture of sesame and salt, and soy sauce. As the soup is chilled, fat floating on the surface is removed. The seasoned ribs and sliced radish are again put into the pot and are simmered one more time.

See also
 Samgyetang, a chicken ginseng soup
 Seolleongtang, a beef soup
 Haejangguk, soups eaten as a hangover remedy
 List of soups
 Korean cuisine
 List of Korean dishes
 Irish stew

References

External links

Galbitang recipe, Konglish Kitchen

Korean beef dishes
Korean soups and stews
Wedding food


Mac Scannláin is the name of a family that originated in what is now County Louth in Ireland. Ballymascanlan, near Dundalk, is named after them. The name rarely bears the prefix nowadays, and is usually rendered Scallan, Scanlan or Scanlon.

It is a variant of the name Ó Scannail derived from the Irish word scannal, originally meaning quarrel, contention, fight, and later, scandal.

There are three quite distinct septs or clans, the first and primary sept being the Ó Scannail (Scannell) (originally Scannal), who belong to West Munster and specifically the Counties of Kerry, Cork, and Limerick. The other two septs derived from Ó Scannail, and their descendants are now known as Scanlan and Scanlon. One sept is O'Scannlain of Munster and the other is MacScannláin of Oriel, County Louth, neither of which has retained the prefix 0 or Mc in modern times. The widespread distribution of these names is indicated by the fact that there are six Ballyscanlans in Ireland as well as a Scanlansland and a Scanlan's Island. Two of these are in County Clare and one in Mayo, which lends colour to the statement that there was also a North Connacht Sept of O'Scanlan.

See also

 Ó Scannláin
 Ó Scannail
 Scannell
 Ó Scealláin

References

 The Surnames of Ireland, Edward MacLysaght, p. 17, Dublin, 1978, .

Surnames of Irish origin
Irish-language masculine surnames


Charlesville is a  community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Municipality of the District of Barrington of Shelburne County.

Climate
Charlesville experiences an oceanic climate (Köppen: Cfb) with cold, snowy winters and mild summers.

See also
 List of communities in Nova Scotia

References

External links
Charlesville on Destination Nova Scotia

Communities in Shelburne County, Nova Scotia
General Service Areas in Nova Scotia
Populated coastal places in Canada


Aksel Agerby (29 May 1889 – 20 March 1942) was a Danish composer, organist, and music administrator. He also operated his own Music Publishing company, which published both his work and those of others.

Work

Agerby was blind and was trained as an organist and pianist at the Danish Royal Blind Institute and the Copenhagen Organist School. From 1921, he was an organist at Copenhagen Funeral services and from 1930 until his death, he played the organ at Brønshøj Church. Today, he is chiefly remembered for one small piece of music, the melody for Jeg er havren. A few other songs of his were recorded, some with Aksel Schiøtz. His musical output also included some songs and a few instrumental compositions, sometimes backed up by an orchestra.

Most of his music was written for keyboard instruments; he also composed a number of works for choirs, as well as a handful of pieces for larger ensembles.

His legacy and importance to the Danish music scene lies elsewhere. He was an energetic and charismatic President of the DUT (the Young Musical Artists Society), which was, and continues to be, involved in the International Society for Contemporary Music. Agerby was chairman of the DUT from 1929 until his death, and had strong opinions and the ability to make things happen. He managed to execute a merger with the New Music (Ny Musik) Organization, thereby creating a more powerful association for contemporary music.

Compositions

Piano Music
Jeg er havren (1916)
Spurvene ved Helliggejst
Jyske viser (10 songs)
Flammende ungdom
Jeg ved ej hvorfra du kommer
Majnat
Liljekonval
Vintergækker
En Dag
Vor mor
Hørvise
Hvide børn og sorte børn

Choral compositions
Vor tid (mixed choir)
Glæde over foråret (male choir)
Danmark, kære mor (male choir)
Kløver (male choir)

Other compositions
Intermezzo (oboe and orchestra)
Elegi (oboe and orchestra)
Intermezzo pastorale (violin and piano)
Humoreske (violin and piano)
Aftenvandring (orchestra)
Berceuse (violin and orchestra)

References
Danish: article in the DMT on the occasion of Agerby's 50th birthday

1889 births
1942 deaths
Danish classical composers
Danish male classical composers
Danish classical organists
Male classical organists
20th-century organists
20th-century Danish male musicians
Blind musicians


Superlatives

Winners
The Kerala State Film Award for Best Background Music Director winners:

References
Official website
PRD, Govt. of Kerala: Awardees List
Malayalam Cinema

Kerala State Film Awards


Karl Otto Weber (29 December 1827 – 11 June 1867) was a German surgeon and pathologist born in Frankfurt am Main.

Biography
He received his early education in the gymnasium at Bremen which his father directed. There Weber showed a special interest in the natural sciences, and in 1846, when he went on to the University of Bonn, he studied botany, geology and mineralogy with an emphasis on paleontological botany. As a student at Bonn, he was a member of the Burschenschaft Franconia, which at that time also included Carl Schurz, Johannes Overbeck, Julius Schmidt, Friedrich Spielhagen, Ludwig Meyer and Adolf Strodtmann. In 1851, he received a degree of doctor of medicine and surgery from Bonn. After passing his state exam in 1852, he left for a study trip, most of which was spent in Paris.

In the winter of 1852/53, he became an assistant doctor in the Bonn surgery clinic of Karl Wilhelm Wutzer. Weber remained there for a full four years. During the last part of his stay, he enjoyed a large degree of independence due to the failing eyesight of Wutzer. By 1853, Weber was a Privatdocent in surgery, and zealously pursuing studies in pathological anatomy. After Wutzer retired in 1855, Wutzer's place was taken by Busch in 1856 and Weber assisted him for a year.  The faculty of Bonn recommended that Weber devote himself to a specialization in pathological anatomy which at that point was not represented among their specialties, and in 1857 he was named extraordinary professor in that specialty, becoming an ordinary professor in 1862.

In 1865, Weber became professor of surgery at the University of Heidelberg. There he vigorously involved himself in the construction of a hospital in Heidelberg-Bergheim. He died in Heidelberg at the age of 39 from diphtheria.

As a pathological anatomist, Weber specialized in the fields of histology and histogenesis.

Works
Weber was diligent about writing up the results of his studies.  He was also a good draftsman and did his own drawings, also taking care of their transfer to the lithographic stone. Many of his medical articles were published in Pitha and Bilroth's Handbuch der allgemeinen und speciellen Chirurgie. He was the author of the following books:
 Die Knochengeschwülste in anatomischer und praktischer Beziehung (1856)
 Chirurgische Erfahrungen und Untersuchungen (1859)
Weber also published in the areas of history and biography.  In the Preußischen Jahrbüchern he published the essays: “Johannes Müller,” “Alexander von Humboldt und sein Einfluß auf die Naturwissenschaft” (Alexander von Humboldt and his influence on natural science), an obituary for Karl Wilhelm Wutzer, and also “Ueber die Anfänge der pathologische Anatomie” (On the beginnings of pathological anatomy) and “Die Bedeutung der pathologische Anatomie für die medicinische Wissenschaft und Praxis” (The significance of pathological anatomy for the theory and practice of medicine).

Notes

References
 Some of this article is based on a translation of the corresponding article from the German Wikipedia.

German pathologists
German surgeons
1867 deaths
1827 births
University of Bonn alumni
Academic staff of the University of Bonn
Academic staff of Heidelberg University


Ó Scannláin is the name of a number of Gaelic-Irish families, all unrelated. The most noteworthy were located in Munster. Nowadays rendered Scanlan, or Scanlon.

In The Book of Munster Scannláin mac Eochaidh mac Ailghile mac Toirdhealbhach (a quo Uí Thoirdhealbhach) is given as the ancestor of the Uí Scannláin and other septs, it is possible this is the origin of the family in Clare. This would make the family a sept of the Dál gCais.

See also

 Mac Scannláin
 Ó Scannail
 Ó Scealláin

References

 The Surnames of Ireland, Edward MacLysaght, p. 17, Dublin, 1978, .

Irish families
Irish-language surnames


Pseudofumaria is a genus of herbaceous perennial plants native to Europe, formerly included in the genus Corydalis.

There are two species:
Pseudofumaria alba (Mill.) Lidén (syn. Corydalis ochroleuca)northwest Balkans
Pseudofumaria lutea (L.) Borkh (syn. Corydalis lutea)Switzerland and Italy

References

Fumarioideae
Papaveraceae genera


The CN Sports Complex () formerly known as the Bell Sports Complex is a multipurpose sports facility located in Brossard, Quebec, Canada. Situated near Quebec Autoroute 10 and the Quartier Dix30 lifestyle center, the primary function of the CN Sports Complex is to serve as the official practice facility of the Montreal Canadiens National Hockey League team. It opened on December 12, 2008, and features two ice hockey rinks and one indoor soccer pitch. On August 15, 2023 Canadian National Railway acquired the naming rights.

Soccer

See also
Bell Centre

References

External links
Official website
Bell Centre
Montreal Canadiens

Indoor ice hockey venues in Quebec
Indoor arenas in Quebec
Sports venues completed in 2008
Buildings and structures in Brossard
Tourist attractions in Montérégie
National Hockey League practice facilities


Mount Blum, or Mount Bald, is a  summit of the North Cascades range in Washington state, on the western edge of North Cascades National Park. It is the highest summit of a string of mountain peaks located east of Mount Shuksan and west of the Picket Range. Two small active glaciers rest on its northern flank. Mount Blum was named after John Blum, a United States Forest Service fire patrol pilot who perished in a plane crash near Snoqualmie Pass in 1931.

Six small glacial-fed tarns, called the Blum Lakes, occupy successive bowls on the southeast side of the mountain. Several other ice sheets are spread across cirques and basins on Mount Blum and neighboring peaks.  Blum Creek, a stream named for the mountain, drains north and west off Mount Blum and flows into the Baker River, which in turn flows into the Skagit River. The Baker Lake reservoir, one of a series of reservoirs that impound the lower Baker River, touches Mount Blum at its far northeastern segment. Lonesome Creek and Scramble Creek also drain valleys east and north of Mount Blum, respectively. Steep cliffs and drop-offs in the valleys produce some extremely tall waterfalls, such as  Blum Basin Falls.

Skiing is an occasional activity on the slopes of Mount Blum. Despite the popularity of the sport, Mount Blum is nearly surrounded by trail-less wilderness, except the southern ridge that connects to Mount Hagan.

Mount Blum is composed of extremely firm granite. This intrusion is common throughout the range, and is much stronger than the looser rock that makes up Mount Shuksan and the Picket Range.

Nearby mountains
 Mount Triumph
 Mount Despair
 Mount Shuksan
 Mount Terror
 Mount Prophet

Climate

Mount Blum is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America. Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel northeast toward the Cascade Mountains. As fronts approach the North Cascades, they are forced upward by the peaks of the Cascade Range, causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the Cascades (Orographic lift). As a result, the west side of the North Cascades experiences high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. During winter months, weather is usually cloudy, but, due to high pressure systems over the Pacific Ocean that intensify during summer months, there is often little or no cloud cover during the summer. Because of maritime influence, snow tends to be wet and heavy, resulting in high avalanche danger.

Geology

The North Cascades features some of the most rugged topography in the Cascade Range with craggy peaks, spires, ridges, and deep glacial valleys. Geological events occurring many years ago created the diverse topography and drastic elevation changes over the Cascade Range leading to the various climate differences.

The history of the formation of the Cascade Mountains dates back millions of years ago to the late Eocene Epoch. With the North American Plate overriding the Pacific Plate, episodes of volcanic igneous activity persisted.  In addition, small fragments of the oceanic and continental lithosphere called terranes created the North Cascades about 50 million years ago.

During the Pleistocene period dating back over two million years ago, glaciation advancing and retreating repeatedly scoured the landscape leaving deposits of rock debris. The "U"-shaped cross section of the river valleys are a result of recent glaciation. Uplift and faulting in combination with glaciation have been the dominant processes which have created the tall peaks and deep valleys of the North Cascades area.

Gallery

References

North Cascades of Washington (state)
Mountains of Washington (state)
Mountains of Whatcom County, Washington
North Cascades National Park


Bromine dioxide is the chemical compound composed of bromine and oxygen with the formula BrO2. It forms unstable yellow to yellow-orange crystals. It was first isolated by R. Schwarz and M. Schmeißer in 1937 and is hypothesized to be important in the atmospheric reaction of bromine with ozone.
It is similar to chlorine dioxide, the dioxide of its halogen neighbor one period higher on the periodic table.

Reactions
Bromine dioxide is formed when an electric current is passed through a mixture of bromine and oxygen gases at low temperature and pressure.

Bromine dioxide can also be formed by the treatment of bromine gas with ozone in trichlorofluoromethane at −50 °C.

When mixed with a base, bromine dioxide gives the bromide and bromate anions:
6 BrO2 + 6 NaOH → NaBr + 5 NaBrO3 + 3 H2O

References

Bromine compounds
Oxides
Substances discovered in the 1930s


Forties Settlement  is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Chester Municipal District .

Forties Settlement on Destination Nova Scotia

Communities in Lunenburg County, Nova Scotia
General Service Areas in Nova Scotia


The surname Ó Scannail (English: Scannell) is both an ancient Irish name and a clan who were a sept of the Eóganachta. The name derives from the Irish word scannal, originally meaning quarrel, contention, fight, or dispute.

Etymology
There are three distinct septs of the Scannail, the first and primary sept being the clan Ó Scannail (Scannell) (originally Scannal), who belong to West Munster and specifically the Counties of Kerry, Cork, and Limerick.  The other two septs derived from Ó Scannail, and their descendants are now known as Scanlan and Scanlon. One sept is O'Scannlain of Munster and the other is MacScannlain of Oriel, County Louth, neither of which has retained the prefix 0 or Mac in modern times. The latter are perpetuated in the placename Ballymacscanlon near Dundalk. The widespread distribution of these names is indicated by the fact that there are six Ballyscanlans in Ireland as well as a Scanlansland and a Scanlan's Island. Two of these are in County Clare and one in Mayo, which lends colour to the statement that there was also a North Connacht Sept of O'Scanlan.

The Annals of the Four Masters suggests the first known instance of the use of the name Scannal, recording that in the year 580, Ferghus Scannal, the King of Munster, was slain (although the date of his death is recorded elsewhere as the year 582). The Annals also write that in the year 665, Maelcaeich, son of Scannal, chief of the Cruithne of Dal Araidhe of the race of Ir died, as did Maelduin, son of Scannal, chief of Cinel Coirbre.  The Annals show the extent to which the family's ancestors were involved in disputes and battles, noting that in the year 679 (although recorded in the Annals of Tigernach as the year 681), Dunghal, son of Scannal, chief of the Cruithni, and Ceannfaeladh, son of Suibhne, chief of Cianachta Glinne Geimhin, were burned by Maelduin, son of Maelfithrigh, at Dun Ceithirn. The Annals note the Scannal name being associated with a number of early Christian figures in Ireland, noting the deaths of Scannal, abbot, successor of Cainneach (in the year 775); Fearadhach, son of Scannal, scribe and Abbot of Achadh Bo Cainnigh (in the year 808); and Scannal, Bishop of Kildare (in the year 881).

One of the earliest recorded written spellings of the family name is thought to be that of Máel Patraic Ua Scannail (also called Patrick O'Scannell), and dated 1262 - 1272, when he was Bishop of Raphoe and afterwards of Armagh. However, the first half of the Annals of Tigernach which also records the name Scannal, may have been written earlier and thus could be an earlier written record of the name. The Annals of the Four Masters (which was compiled in the 1600s) note that in 1262, Archbishop Ó Scannail said Mass in a pallium (in the Octave of John the Baptist), at Armagh, and the Annals also record the spelling of the name as O'Scannail and O'Scannal.  The Annals record that in the year 1270, Maelpatrick O'Scannal, Archbishop of Armagh, "went over to the King of England:..." (Henry III of England) and that "...the King received him honourably; and he returned home with great privileges".

The clan of Scannail were a sept of the Eóganachta. Scannail was a sept of some significance and it is recorded that in 1014, Eocha, son of Dunadbach, Chief of Clann Scannail, and Scannail son of Cathal, Lord of Eóganacht Locha Léin, were killed at the Battle of Clontarf.

The Eóganachta were an Irish dynasty centred on Cashel which dominated southern Ireland from the 7th to the 10th centuries, and following that, in a restricted form, the Kingdom of Desmond, and its offshoot Carbery, well into the 16th century. By tradition the dynasty was founded by Conall Corc but named after his ancestor Éogan, the firstborn son of the semi-mythological 3rd-century king Ailill Aulom. This dynastic clan-name, for it was never in any sense a 'surname,' should more accurately be restricted to those branches of the royal house which descended from Conall Corc, who established Cashel as his royal seat in the late fifth century.

The rule of the Eóganachta in Munster is widely regarded as gentle and more sophisticated in comparison with the other provincial dynasties of Ireland. Not only was Munster the wealthiest of the provinces, but the Eóganachta were willing to concede other previously powerful kingdoms whom they had politically marginalized, such as the Corcu Loígde, considerable status and freedom from tribute, based on their former status as rulers of the province. See Byrne 2001 for an extensive description of the kingdom.

See also

 Scannell
 Mac Scannláin
 Ó Scannláin
 Ó Scealláin

References

 The Surnames of Ireland, Edward MacLysaght, p. 17, Dublin, 1978, .

Irish families
Irish-language surnames


Richard Albert Hundley (September 1, 1931 – February 25, 2018) was an American pianist and composer of art songs for voice and piano.

Early life
Hundley was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. When he was seven years old he moved to his paternal grandmother's home in Covington, Kentucky and began piano lessons.  At the age of ten, Hundley attended his first opera, Il trovatore by Giuseppe Verdi.

He began taking piano lessons with Madame Illona Voorm at the Cincinnati Conservatory of Music when he was eleven. At age fourteen, Hundley performed a Mozart piano concerto with the Northern Kentucky Symphony Orchestra. Two years later he soloed with the Cincinnati Symphony.

Career
Hundley moved to New York City in 1950 and enrolled in the Manhattan School of Music but dropped out shortly after.

In 1960, he was selected for the Metropolitan Opera Chorus. In preparation for this position, he learned to sing ten operas in four different languages.

Hundley never went abroad to study, but credited his development as a songwriter to his three years in the Metropolitan Opera chorus and the longer time he spent as accompanist for Zinka Milanov’s lessons.

Hundley shared his original songs with some of the singers at the Metropolitan. As a result, Anneliese Rothenberger, Rosalind Elias, Anna Moffo, Teresa Stratas, Lili Chookasian, John Reardon, and Betty Allen began performing his songs on stage.

In 1962 when soprano Eileen DiTullio sang two of his songs, Softly the Summer and Spring, in a concert at The Town Hall in New York City. Paul Kapp, Director of the General Music Publishing Company, was in attendance and he scheduled a meeting with Hundley to discuss publishing the two compositions. During the period of 1962-1964, the General Music Publishing Company published seven of Hundley's songs.

The American art song specialist Paul Sperry began performing and advocating Hundley's music in the late 1960s.

In 1982 the International American Music Competition included his "Eight Songs" set in its repertoire list. The 1983 and 1984 Newport Music Festivals also performed his work.

In 1987, Hundley was declared one of the standard American composers for vocalists by the International American Music Competition.

Compositions

For solo voice
Care Charming Sleep (date?)Softly the Summer (1957)Epitaph on a Wife (1957)The Astronomers (1959)Isaac Greentree (An Epitaph) (1960)Elizabeth Pitty (An Epitaph) (1960)Joseph Jones (An Epitaph) (1961)Wild Plum (1961)Ballad on Queen Anne's Death (1962)Spring (1962)For Your Delight (1962)I am not lonely (1963)Maiden Snow (1963)Daffodils (1963)My Master Hath a Garden (1963)Postcard from Spain (1964)Some Sheep are Loving (1964)Screw Spring (1968)Come Ready and See Me (1971)Lions Have Lain in Grasses Before (1971)Vocal Quartets on Poems by James Purdy (1971)Birds, U.S.A. (1972, written for soprano Billie Lynn Daniel)I Do (1974)Are They Shadows that We See? (1974)Evening Hours (1975)Bartholomew Green (1978)Sweet Suffolk Owl (1979)When Orpheus Played (1979)Arise My Love (1981)The Girls of Golden Summers (1982)Will there really be a Morning?(1987)Moonlight's Watermelon (1989)Seashore Girls (1989)Straightway beauty on me waits (1989)Strings in the Earth and Air (1989)Well Welcome (1989)Awake the Sleeping Sun (1991)The Elephant is Slow to Mate (1992)White Fields (1995)The Whales of California (1996)O My Darling Troubles Heaven With Her Loveliness (1998)Heart, We Will Forget Him (2004)

DuetJust Why Johnnie Was Jimmie (1964)

ChoralBall (1985)Come Ready and See Me (2004)

DiscographyUnder the bluest sky...Songs of Richard Hundley David Parks (tenor) Read Gainsford (piano)
The Astronomers, with Frederica von Stade (mezzo-soprano) and Martin Katz (piano), CBS, 1982
Come Ready And See Me, with Frederica von Stade (mezzo-soprano) and Martin Katz (piano), CBS, 1982

References

Further reading
 American Art Song and American Poetry. by Ruth C. Friedberg
 The solo vocal repertoire of Richard Hundley: A pedagogical and performance guide to the published works Dissertation by Esther Jane Hardenbergh
 Carol Kimball, Song: A Guide to Art Song Style and Literature (Wisconsin: Hal Leonard Corporation, 2006).
 Victoria Etnier Villamil, A Singer's Guide to the American Art Song: 1870–1980 (Lanham, MD & London: The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 1993; 2004).
 Conversations with Writers II, Volume 1, eds. Stanley Ellin, John Baker (Michigan: Gale Research Co., 1978). See the entry on writer James Purdy, who discusses his collaboration with Hundley.

External links
Homepage of "Life & Work of Richard Hundley
Rainer J. Hanshe, "Ready All the Time Like Gunpowder: On Composing Songs with James Purdy--An Interview with Richard Hundley", Hyperion: On the Future of Aesthetics'', Vol. IV, No. 1 (March 2011). This is a special issue devoted to writer James Purdy.
Richard Hundley papers, 1900s-2014 Music Division, The New York Public Library.

1931 births
2018 deaths
20th-century American composers
20th-century American pianists
20th-century American male musicians
20th-century classical composers
20th-century classical pianists
21st-century American composers
21st-century American pianists
21st-century American male musicians
21st-century classical composers
21st-century classical pianists
American classical composers
American male classical composers
American classical pianists
American male pianists
Classical musicians from Ohio
Male classical pianists
Musicians from Cincinnati
Musicians from Kentucky
People from Covington, Kentucky
Songwriters from Kentucky
Songwriters from Ohio
American male songwriters


Harald Søltoft Agersnap (March 2, 1899 – January 16, 1982) was a Danish composer, conductor, cellist, and pianist. He studied with Otto Malling and Carl Nielsen, as well as with his father, Hans Agersnap.

Agersnap's training in music began at the Royal Danish Academy of Music where he studied from 1914 to 1917. He began his career as an orchestral cellist. Before that, he had been a conductor in two places: at the Royal Danish Theatre (1926–29) and at The Comedy House (1929–30). From 1932-38 he also led the amateur male choir Bel Canto. Agersnap's association with the Royal Danish Theatre began in 1931 as a pianist. In 1934 he was appointed choirmaster, a position he held until 1966.

Agersnap worked as a composer in numerous genres. He composed the music for the plays Aladdin, Feast At Solhaug and The Princess and Half The Kingdom. He also created chamber music, orchestral music, and over 90 songs during his life.

His manuscripts are held at the Royal Danish Library.

Personal life
Agersnap married physiotherapist Gertrud Mackeprang on September 27, 1926, in Copenhagen.

References

1899 births
1982 deaths
Danish classical cellists
Danish classical composers
Danish male classical composers
Danish classical pianists
Danish conductors (music)
Male conductors (music)
Pupils of Carl Nielsen
20th-century conductors (music)
20th-century classical composers
Male classical pianists
20th-century Danish male musicians
20th-century cellists


Ó Scealláin is the name of an Irish family, originally from County Wexford, derived from a word meaning kernel. It is nowadays rendered as Scallan.

See also

 Mac Scannláin
 Ó Scannláin
 Ó Scannail

References

 The Surnames of Ireland, Edward MacLysaght, p. 17, Dublin, 1978, .

Irish families
Irish-language surnames