Dummy whist is one of many variants of the classic  trick-taking card game Whist. The general rules of dummy whist are similar to that of bid whist, with two notable exceptions. Bid whist is played by four players, whereas dummy whist is played by only three. Secondly, instead of dealing a kitty, a dummy hand is dealt to be on the team of the player who wins the auction.

Rules
Dummy whist is a version of whist for three players. The "dummy" is dealt 13 cards; the cards are kept face-down until after the auction, when the dummy's cards are turned face-up and facing opposite the declarer. After the dummy cards are turned face-up, the declarer declares a trump suit if he bid "uptown" or "downtown" or he declares uptown or downtown if he bid no-trump. If playing with jokers, the dummy is dealt 15 cards instead of the usual 13; the declarer is allowed to discard two cards from the dummy's hand before turning it face-up.

The rules of the game are the same as those of whist, with the following exceptions:

Bidding process
In dummy whist, after all of the cards have been dealt (but before the beginning of game play) each player may submit a bid. If a player chooses not to bid, the player may pass. The bidding starts with the player to the dealer's left and proceeds clockwise to each player in turn, ending with the dealer. In order to bid, a player must make a bid that is "better" (see below) than the best bid made by a previous player for the current hand. Unlike bridge, no deals are passed. If the first three players pass, the dealer (the last player) must make a bid. Unlike bid whist, dummy whist has no minimum bid.

A player's bid is a declaration of the minimum number of books (over the required six books) that will be taken (turned) by that player and their partner, followed by an indication either that the player wishes there to be no trump suit for the current hand, or of whether the player wants higher- or lower-ranking cards to be victorious in the current hand.

In determining what makes a bid 'better' than a previous bid, the initial consideration is the number of books being declared. Bidding a higher number of books than the current bid is always sufficient for making a better bid. Bidding a lower number of books can never be sufficient. If a player wishes to bid the same number of books as the current, the next consideration is whether the current bid indicated there would be no trump suit. If not (and the current bid indicates there will be a trump suit), the player now bidding may better the current bid by claiming the same number of books (but now bidding that there will be no trump suit). If the current bid already indicates there will be no trump suit, that bid may only be bettered with a higher number of books.
In some variations, a bid which indicates that there will be a trump suit (and that higher-ranking cards will win) can also be bettered by bidding the same number of books and indicating that there will be a trump suit and that lower ranking-cards will win. In other variations, however, bids for higher- and lower-ranking cards (each with the same number of books) are considered equal.
At the end of the bidding process, the player who has made the best bid is deemed to have won the bid. The winning bidder's indication, regarding either no-trump or the ranking of cards, is granted for the duration of the hand. That player and the dummy are now committed to taking at least the number of books indicated in the bid. The opposing players are committed to "setting" the bidding team by preventing them from succeeding in taking the number of books to which they are committed.
After the auction, if the dummy was dealt 15 cards the declarer may discard two cards from the dummy's hand and the dummy's hand is turned face-up. If playing with 13 cards in the dummy's hand, their hand is turned face-up without discarding any cards.
If the winning bid indicated a desire for no trump suit, before the beginning of play the winning bidder must indicate whether high-or low-ranking cards will be victorious during that hand. Conversely, if the winning bid indicated whether high- or low-ranking cards would win during this hand the winning bidder must now declare a trump suit for this hand. In high-winning hands, an ace serves as the highest card of its suit (better than a king). In low-ranking hands, an ace serves as the lowest card of its suit (better than a two).
If there is a trump suit in the upcoming hand and jokers are being used, the jokers become the best cards of the trump suit (better than the ace) regardless of whether high- or low-ranking cards are the winners. If there is no trump suit, the jokers are worthless.

Play
The object of the game is to win tricks. A trick consists of four cards: one from the hand of each player and one from the dummy, in rotation, with the dummy sitting across from the declarer, the first card played to a trick called the lead. A player is required to follow suit to the card led, if possible. Failure to follow suit when a player has a card of the suit played is called a renege (see below). If the player cannot follow suit, he may play any card. Some people play that if the hand is a no trump hand and a player has a joker in his hand, he must throw off the joker the first time a suit is played and the player does not have a card of the suit played. Other players play that if the hand is a no-trump hand, players who have a joker must turn in the joker for one of the discarded cards in the kitty. A disadvantage of the latter is that it indicates which suit the bid-taker has discarded.

For trump bids, it is generally preferred to cut a suit with a trump card when the player cannot follow the suit controlled by the opponents. The highest bidder always plays the first lead card in the game. After this play, the player who won the trick leads off to the player seated at his left. The play continues in this way until all 13 tricks have been played.

When a trick is completed (four cards played), a member of the side which won the trick takes the four cards, turns them face-down and places them in front of him in a row. It is customary for one player to take in all the tricks won by his side. The tricks should be kept separated from one another, so a previous trick can be referred to if necessary. A player may turn and look back at the last trick until he (or his partner) has led (or played to the next player). After that he may not look at any previous tricks, unless a renege is called.

Renege
If a player fails to follow suit (for example, clubs are led and a player has a club but plays a spade or another suit), the player has reneged; the opposing players must spot the renege and call it. If a renege is called, the player calling it must name the specific book where the renege occurred. If the player successfully calls the renege, the team reneging loses three tricks. If the player calls a renege and cannot identify the book where the renege occurred, the team calling the renege loses three tricks.

Scoring
Each player begins the game with a score of zero. At the end of each hand, the declarer either wins points by making their bid or loses by failing to take enough books to satisfy their bid (known as "being set"). The game ends when a player wins by achieving a cumulative score of 21 or more.

At the end of each hand, books held by the player who won the bid are counted. There are 13 altogether, corresponding to the 13 cards played by each player. Each book won above six counts toward the player's bid. In order to make his bid, the declarer must take at least the number of books equal to six (plus their bid).

If the declarer makes his bid, he scores one point for every book he took after the initial six. If he fails to take enough books for his bid, he scores nothing for his books; instead, his opponents gain the number of points equal to his bid.

Note: If Player A won the bid with a 5 High they must take 11 tricks (initial 6 plus his bid of 5) to make his bid. If he only takes 10 books, Player A would have failed his bid (being set) and both opposing players would gain 5 points. On the other hand, if Player A made 12 books on his 5 bid he scores a total of 6 points for that hand.

If a player takes all 13 tricks (initial 6 plus 7), this is called a "Boston". A player can make a Boston regardless of the number of tricks bid.
If a player bids 7, this is also called "bidding a Boston". In this case, the bidding player is saying that the opposing players will not collect any tricks; this often scores double.
A no-trump bid can sometimes score double. For example, if you bid a four no trump and do not make the bid, it counts for eight points against your team. Conversely, if you make a four no trump bid, it counts as eight for your team).
Rather than counting the tricks won, most players keep track of the tricks taken by the opposing players (for example, it takes four books to set a four, three books to set a five, two books to set a six and so forth).

Variations
Double dummy
Double dummy is played by two players, each having a dummy (or exposed hand) for his partner. The rules do not differ from dummy whist, except for the following: there is no misdeal, as the deal is a disadvantage.

Humburg
The players sit opposite each other and four hands are dealt, leaving the dead hands face down. Each player has the option of playing with the cards, or throwing the hand in and taking the dead hand on his right instead. If one player plays the hand as dealt, all scores are doubled; if both play, they are quadrupled.

See also

Solo whist
Bid whist
Knock-out Whist

References

External links
 Dummy Whist at Google Books

Whist


James McGregor may refer to:
 James McGregor (footballer) (fl. 1901–1910), Scottish footballer (Grimsby Town)
 James L. McGregor (born 1953), American author, journalist, and China analyst
 James Drummond McGregor (1838–1918), Canadian businessman, politician, and lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia
 James Duncan McGregor (1860–1935), Canadian politician
 James Lewin McGregor (1921–1988), mathematician
 James Russell McGregor (died 1973), leader of the Black Muslims
 James McGregor (minister), Scotch-Irish Presbyterian minister
 Jim McGregor (born 1948), former Republican member of the Ohio House of Representatives

See also
 James MacGregor (disambiguation)
 James McGrigor (disambiguation)


Bill McGuire may refer to:
Bill McGuire (volcanologist) (born 1954), British volcanologist
Bill McGuire (baseball) (born 1964), former Major League Baseball catcher
Bill McGuire (footballer), Irish soccer player during the 1930s
Bill McGuire (murder victim), a man killed by his wife in 2004
Billy McGuire, one of the World's Heaviest Twins

See also
William McGuire (disambiguation)


Artyom Viktorovich Beketov (; born 12 June 1984) is a Russian former professional footballer.

Club career
He made his debut in the Russian Premier League in 2006 for FC Luch-Energiya Vladivostok.

References

1984 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Dushanbe
Russian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
FC Chernomorets Novorossiysk players
FC Luch Vladivostok players
FC Salyut Belgorod players
FC Krasnodar players
FC Dynamo Bryansk players
FC Volgar Astrakhan players
FC Fakel Voronezh players
FC Armavir players
Russian Premier League players


Raintrap (foaled 1990 in Great Britain) is a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire.

Background
Raintrap was a chestnut horse bred in England by his owner Khalid Abdullah's Juddmonte Farms. He was sired by Rainbow Quest who won the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe before becoming a very successful breeding stallion. Rainbow Quest's other progeny included Quest for Fame, Saumarez, Sunshack, Nedawi, Armiger, Spectrum and Millenary. Sunshack's dam Suntrap was a successful racemare who won three minor races and finished third in both the Prix d'Aumale and the Lupe Stakes. As a broodmare went on to produce Raintrap's full-brother Sunshack.
Raintrap was sent into training with André Fabre in France.

Racing career
Raintrap made his racing debut on April 24, 1993, with a second-place finish in a three-horse field in the Prix Le Pacha at Saint-Cloud Racecourse. He then won three races in a row: the Prix Nimbus,  the G3 Prix Berteux, and the G2 Prix Kergorlay. In October at Longchamp Racecourse in Paris, he ran second in the Prix de Lutèce, then won the G1 Prix Royal Oak.

Racing at age four, Raintrap was fourth in England's Ascot Gold Cup, then back in France won the Prix Du Carrousel at Evry. On October 16, 1994, he won the most important race of his career at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Canada. Earning the second win for trainer André Fabre in the Canadian International Stakes, Raintrap captured the prestigious race in a course record time of 2:25.6 for 1½ miles. Turned over by his owner to American trainer Bobby Frankel, three weeks later on November 5, Raintrap finished tenth to winner Tikkanen in the November 5, 1994, Breeders' Cup Turf, then was shipped to Tokyo Racecourse in Japan, where on November 27 he ran thirteenth and last to Marvelous Crown in the Japan Cup.

As a five-year-old, Raintrap was third in the Carleton F. Burke Handicap at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California. At age six, he won Santa Anita's Cedar Key Stakes and the 1¾ mile San Juan Capistrano Handicap. Later that year at Chicago's Arlington Park, he was second by a nose in the Stars and Stripes Handicap and fourth in the Arlington Handicap. In September 1996, he finished eighth and last in the Man o' War Stakes at Belmont Park in Elmont, New York.

Stud record
Retired to stud in 1997, Raintrap has not been successful as a sire, although he has sired some winners over jumps.

Pedigree

References

External links
 Video at YouTube of Raintrap winning the 1994 Rothmans International Stakes

1990 racehorse births
Racehorses bred in the United Kingdom
Racehorses trained in France
Racehorses trained in the United States
Horse racing track record setters
Thoroughbred family 1-n


Charles Haviland Mekeel (December 1, 1861 – October 13, 1921), of St. Louis, Missouri, was a well-known stamp dealer and editor. He figured prominently in the 1895 “find” of the St. Louis Postmaster Provisionals, which solved problems related to their authenticity.

Philatelic literature
Besides his trade as a stamp dealer, Mekeel edited numerous philatelic journals, including The Stamp Collectors' Bureau (1891); Philatelic Journal of America (1885), which eventually changed its name to Mekeel's Stamp Collector; Mekeel's Drummer (1900 to 1901); Mekeel's News and Trade Journal (1905–1912); and a daily stamp journal which was published for less than a year in 1896, The Daily Stamp News.

Mekeel's Weekly Stamp News is the publication he is most remembered for. He started publishing the weekly in January 1891, and continued editing and publishing it until 1897, when he sold it to his brother Isaac, who continued publishing the journal until the 1940s. (It is now  known as Mekeel's & Stamps Magazine, published by John Dunn, and edited by John Leszak )

Collecting interests
Mekeel collected postage stamps of Mexico and wrote The Mexican Postal Stamp Catalog in 1890 and The Postage Stamps of Mexico in 1911. From 1892 to 1895, he published in St. Louis a philatelic journal in Spanish, entitled La Revista Filatelica.

St. Louis Bears

Mekeel was involved in the study and authentication of the 1895 discovery of St. Louis Postmaster Provisionals, which verified the plating of the provisionals and the authenticity of the 20 cent value. Based on his study of the provisionals, Mekeel wrote The History of the Postage Stamps of the St. Louis Postmaster, 1845-1847 in 1895.

Honors and awards
Mekeel was admitted to the American Philatelic Society Hall of Fame in 1972.

See also
 Philately
 Philatelic literature

References

External links

1861 births
1921 deaths
Philatelic literature
American philatelists
American stamp dealers
People from St. Louis
American Philatelic Society
19th-century American merchants


The Duke of Aarschot (or Aerschot) was one of the most important aristocratic titles in the Low Countries, named after the Brabantian city of Aarschot. The title was held by the House of Croÿ and the House of Arenberg. The present Duke is Leopold-Engelbert-Evrard de Arenberg-Ligne.

Lords of Aarschot
Godfried of Brabant (12??-1302), Lord of Aarschot, killed in the Battle of the Golden Spurs.
Margaretha of Lorraine-Vaudémont (1420–1477), Lady of Aarschot. Married to Antoine de Croy, Comte de Porcéan.
Philip I of Croy (1435–1511), 2nd count of Porcéan, 2nd count of Guînes and Lord of Aarschot.
Henry de Croÿ (1456–1514), 3rd count of Porcéan, count of Seneghem and lord of Aarschot

Margrave of Aarschot
William de Croÿ (1458–1521), since 1518, Count of Beaumont, Duke of Sora and Arce, and since 1521, Margrave of Aarschot.

Dukes of Aarschot

House of Croÿ

Philippe II de Croÿ (1496–1549), since 1514, Count of Porcéan, since 1521, Duke of Sora and Arce, 2nd Count of Beaumont, since 1532, Margrave of Renty, and since 1532, first Duke of Aarschot.
Charles II de Croÿ (1522–1551), 2nd Duke of Aarschot.
Philippe III de Croÿ (1526–1595), 3rd Duke of Aarschot.
Charles III de Croÿ (1560–1612), 4th Duke of Aarschot.
Anne de Croÿ, 5th Duchess of Aarschot (1568–1614), married to Charles de Ligne, 2nd Prince of Arenberg

House of Arenberg-Ligne

Philippe-Charles, 3rd Count of Arenberg (1587–1640), 6th Duke of Aarschot
Philip Francis, 1st Duke of Arenberg (1625–1674), 7th Duke of Aarschot
Charles Eugene, 2nd Duke of Arenberg (1633–1681), 8th Duke of Aarschot
Philip Charles Francis (1663–1691), 9th Duke of Aarschot
Leopold (1690–1754), 10th Duke of Aarschot
Charles Marie Raymond (1721–1778), 11th Duke of Aarschot
Louis Engelbert (1750–1820), 12th Duke of Aarschot
Prosper Louis (1785–1861), 13th Duke of Aarschot
Engelbert Auguste (1824–1875), 14th Duke of Aarschot
Engelbert Prosper (1872–1949), 15th Duke of Aarschot
Engelbert Charles (1899–1974), 16th Duke of Aarschot
Erik Charles (1901–1992), 17th Duke of Aarschot
Jean-Engelbert (1921-2011), 18th Duke of Aarschot
Leopold-Engelbert-Evrard (1956-), 19th Duke of Aarschot

Dukes of Belgium

Arenberg family


Progress M-65 (), identified by NASA as Progress 30P, was a Progress spacecraft used to resupply the International Space Station. It was a Progress-M 11F615A55 spacecraft, with the serial number 365.

Launch
Progress M-65 was launched by a Soyuz-U carrier rocket from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome. Launch occurred at 19:50 UTC on 10 September 2008.

Docking
The spacecraft docked with the aft port of the Zvezda module at 18:43 UTC on 17 September 2008. Docking had originally been scheduled for 21:01 GMT on 12 September 2008, but was delayed after Hurricane Ike forced NASA to close the Johnson Space Center, which houses the US mission control centre for the ISS. A backup facility at the Marshall Space Flight Center was used during the docking. Following undocking at 16:19 UTC on 15 November 2008, it conducted a Plazma-Progress experiment. It was deorbited on 8 December 2008, with the 142 second deorbit burn beginning at 08:02 UTC. The spacecraft burned up in the atmosphere over the Pacific Ocean, with any remaining debris landing in the ocean at around 08:49 UTC.

Cargo
Progress M-65 carried supplies to the International Space Station, including food, water and oxygen for the crew and equipment for conducting scientific research. It also carried a new Orlan-MK spacesuit to replace one of the older Orlan-M suits previously used for EVAs from the station.

See also

 List of Progress flights
 Uncrewed spaceflights to the International Space Station

References

Spacecraft launched in 2008
Progress (spacecraft) missions
Spacecraft which reentered in 2008
Supply vehicles for the International Space Station
Spacecraft launched by Soyuz-U rockets


Hands is the debut studio album by English singer and songwriter Little Boots. It was released on 5 June 2009 by 679 Recordings and Atlantic Records to generally positive reviews. Many critics complimented its "well-crafted" pop songs and "diverse" production. Hands primarily features songs about love, relationships and heartbreak, and takes influence from a variety of music styles such as disco, 1980s synth-pop and Eurodance.

The album reached number five on the UK Albums Chart, and its first two singles, "New in Town" and "Remedy", peaked at numbers 13 and six on the UK Singles Chart, respectively.

Recording and production
Little Boots began recording her debut album in Los Angeles with Greg Kurstin and Hot Chip's Joe Goddard in early 2008. While in Los Angeles, she spent two days recording with RedOne. Following the BBC Sound of 2009 poll, which Little Boots won, her record label, management and A&R team scheduled recording sessions with Dr. Luke. These sessions, however, never took place. In January 2009, Little Boots began to compile the album's track listing, a difficult process for the singer, who compared it to "cutting a limb off".

The album's title comes from the song "Hands". Included on the album as a hidden track, its lyrics tell the story of a person with a broken heart who tries desperately to mend it. The album cover for Hands was "inspired by old Italo covers like Patrick Cowley and Amanda Lear that have lots of space and fantasy themes." According to Little Boots, the artwork is a mixture of the past and the present, a reflection of the musical styles featured on the album.

Composition

"New in Town", the album's opening track, was inspired by the "seedy side of life" in Los Angeles and the strange individuals Little Boots met while recording Hands. It was chosen as the album's lead single because "it's very bold and colourful and doesn't really sound like anything else out there." Released on 25 May 2009, "New in Town" peaked at number 13 on the UK Singles Chart. The album's second track, "Earthquake", received positive reviews from critics, with one reviewer stating that it was a "strikingly affecting, emotionally naked galactic banger". The song was released as the album's third and final single on 16 November 2009, peaking at number 84 on the UK Singles Chart. "Stuck on Repeat" was composed with Australian singer Kylie Minogue in mind. Inspired by the disco era, it was compared to Donna Summer's 1977 song "I Feel Love" by music critics. The fifth track on the album, "Remedy", was released on 17 August 2009 as the second single from Hands and managed to outpeak its predecessor, reaching number six on the UK Singles Chart.

"Meddle", the album's sixth track, was released as a limited-edition single in August 2008. Described by The Times as a "barnstormer" and a "disco/drum and bass hybrid", it reached number 97 on the UK chart. "Ghost", a song about being ignored by a loved one, received mixed reviews from critics. In a review for The Guardian, Alexis Petridis described it as a "clunky attempt to blend electronics with Brecht-and-Weill oompah". The song "Mathematics" is inspired by Sylvia Plath's poem Love Is a Parallax. In the song, Little Boots uses mathematics as a metaphor for love. The ninth track, "Symmetry", a duet with The Human League singer Philip Oakey, was a "dream" for Little Boots. A fan of the band, she was surprised when Oakey agreed to provide vocals for the track. The synth ballads "Tune into My Heart" and "Hearts Collide" were compared to Minogue, with Gigwise referring to "Hearts Collide" as the "greatest Kylie track never recorded by the Australian". The closing track from Hands, "No Brakes", features a spoken interlude which was compared to the Pet Shop Boys and Mike Yarwood.

Promotion and release
To promote the album, Little Boots did several performances worldwide. Her first televised appearance was on Later... with Jools Holland on 7 November 2008. She was invited to perform on the show after posting songs on the social networking website Myspace. On 4 March 2009, Little Boots appeared on the American late-night television show Last Call with Carson Daly. She was interviewed by Daly and several clips from a Los Angeles nightclub performance were shown. Little Boots performed "Stuck on Repeat" using the Tenori-on on the 11 May 2009 edition of BBC Breakfast. She returned to Later... with Jools Holland on 15 May 2009. This was followed by an appearance on the BBC Radio 4 programme Woman's Hour on 27 May 2009. She also appeared on Friday Night with Jonathan Ross on 3 July 2009. On 26 May 2009, Little Boots performed four songs from Hands at the Apple Store in London. These songs were included on the extended play iTunes Live from London, which was released exclusively through iTunes on 1 June 2009.

The album was released in the United Kingdom on 8 June 2009 as a CD and digital download. Little Boots' official website offered an exclusive bundle for pre-order which included the CD, a limited-edition galactic speckled 12-inch vinyl copy of the album and a 33-minute "Hands On" mix MP3 featuring album material, non-album tracks and remixes. The 12-inch vinyl was limited to 1,000 copies. Due to overwhelming demand, the limited-edition 12-inch vinyl was released on 10 June 2009, two days later than had previously been announced.

Critical reception

Hands received generally positive reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalised rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, the album received an average score of 68, based on 20 reviews. Michael Cragg of musicOMH called it "a well-crafted, glorious pop record". K. Ross Hoffman of AllMusic viewed the album as "a solid batch with several standouts [...] but no space-filling duds or truly weak links". David Renshaw of Gigwise described Hands as "a big pop album" that "rival[s] Lady GaGa, Girls Aloud or Lily Allen." Ben Thompson of The Observer complimented the album's "diverse" production and called the song "Symmetry", a duet with Philip Oakey, a "joyous cross-generational head-to-head". Melissa Maerz of Entertainment Weekly commented that on Hands, Little Boots is "great at taking superstar glamour to the streets", dubbing the album "megaclub gold for the broke-ass rest of us." The Guardians Alexis Petridis referred to Hands as "a surprisingly modern-sounding record from an artist who has been depicted as in thrall to a kitsch vision of 80s pop". Ian Wade of BBC Music praised the album as "a solid pop debut, the sort of album which unites lovers of pop, young and old", and compared it to albums by Goldfrapp, Kylie Minogue and Annie. Emily Mackay of NME wrote that "Little Boots gives us an inspiring story of self-realisation" and called the album "brilliant".

Peter Paphides of The Times named "Stuck on Repeat" the album's "best moment" due to its "exquisite vulnerability". Andrzej Lukowski of Drowned in Sound remarked that "Hesketh can write a damn good pop song, and whether that's what caused the initial buzz, it's something hard to deny when presented with the cold, hard proof of Hands." Marc Hogan of Pitchfork labelled Hands as "a mainstream pop effort with an indie-friendly narrative", while noting that the album's "most distinguishing characteristic is an unusual level of meta-pop self-awareness." The Independents Andy Gill felt that the album has "safe, conformist electropop grooves following lines as straight and satisfying as supermarket aisles", concluding that "the result is a form of attention-deficit pop: for while 'New in Town' and 'Earthquake' have an instant appeal, it's striking how quickly one's palate is sated by their pop-rock fizz: the listener who can play Hands all the way through is either dedicated, or dead." Paul Schrodt of Slant Magazine argued that while the album "smacks of trying too hard", most of the songs "are imminently playable on their own terms, whether it's a Robyn-style, slow-burning heartache ('No Brakes') or enjoyably Eurotrash camp ('Hearts Collide')." In a mixed review, Joe Zadeh of Clash stated that the album "falls victim to attempts to reach beyond more boundaries than necessary, and thus ironically loses the concentration of the more earnest listener."

Commercial performance
Hands debuted at number five on the UK Albums Chart, selling 19,952 copies in its first week. During its second week, it dropped to number 40. Following the release of "Remedy", the album returned to the top 30 on 23 August 2009 for four consecutive weeks. On 4 September 2009, the album was certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) for shipments in excess of 100,000 copies in the UK. Hands debuted at number 20 on the Irish Albums Chart for the week ending 11 June 2009, falling to number 44 the following week and eventually dropping off the chart. On the issue dated 27 June 2009, the album debuted at number 19 on the European Top 100 Albums chart, where it spent four weeks.

Elsewhere, Hands peaked at number four on the ARIA Hitseekers Albums chart in Australia and at number 36 in Japan. In the United States, the album debuted at number seven on Billboards Heatseekers Albums chart on 20 March 2010. As of March 2013, Hands had sold 17,000 copies in the US, according to Nielsen SoundScan.

Track listing

Notes
  signifies an additional producer
  signifies a vocal producer
  signifies a remixer
 Digital versions of the album do not include "Hands" as a hidden track and "No Brakes" is 4:02 (the US Streaming Version has Hands as a Hidden Track).

Personnel
Credits adapted from the liner notes of Hands.

Musicians
 Little Boots – vocals
 RedOne – vocal arrangement
 Philip Oakey – guest vocals
 Roy Kerr – programming
 Anu Pillai – programming, synthesisers

Technical

 Greg Kurstin – production ; mixing ; additional production
 Serban Ghenea – mixing
 John Hanes – engineering for mix
 Tim Roberts – engineering assistance
 Joe Goddard – production
 Tom Elmhirst – mixing
 Dan Parry – mixing assistance
 Jas Shaw – production, mixing ; recording
 Fred Ball – production ; additional production, vocal production
 Lexxx – mixing
 RedOne – production, vocal editing, recording, engineering
 Johnny Severin – vocal editing, recording, engineering
 Robert Orton – mixing
 Kid Gloves – production
 Anu Pillai – engineering
 Jamie Smithson – engineering assistance
 Pascal Gabriel – vocal production
 Semothy Jones – production
 Richard "Biff" Stannard – production
 Julian Peake – production
 Ash Howes – mixing
 Al O'Connell – engineering

Artwork
 Chrissie Abbott – design
 Jonas Bresnan – photography

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

Release history

References

2009 debut albums
679 Artists albums
Albums produced by Ash Howes
Albums produced by Greg Kurstin
Albums produced by RedOne
Albums produced by Richard Stannard (songwriter)
Albums produced by Semothy Jones
Atlantic Records albums
Little Boots albums


The 1999 Southern Brazil blackout was a widespread power outage (the largest ever at the time) that started in Brazil on March 11 and lasted until June 22, 1999.

The blackout involved São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and Rio Grande do Sul, affecting an estimated 75 to 97 million people. A chain reaction was started when a lightning strike occurred at 22h 16m at an electricity substation in Bauru, São Paulo State causing most of the 440kV circuits at the substation to trip. Brazil was undergoing a severe investment crisis during 1999, which limited spending on maintenance and expansion of the power grid. With few routes for the power to flow from the generating stations via the 440kV system (a very important system to São Paulo state, carrying electricity generated by the Paraná river) many generators automatically shut down because they did not have any load. The world's biggest power plant at the time, Itaipu, tried to support the load that was no longer being supplied by the 440kV power plants, but the 750kV AC lines and the 600kV DC lines that connected the plant to the rest of the system could not take the load and tripped too.

South of São Paulo the consumers experienced an overfrequency, caused because they had more generation than load, mostly because Itaipu was now connected only to this sub-system, but that problem was automatically solved by all generators in the area, that reduced their loads.

The rest of the system experienced a much bigger problem, an underfrequency, since the system had a lot of load and not enough generation capacity. Some generators tripped because of the overfrequency, which aggravated the problem, and after an automatic rejection of 35% of the sub-system load the underfrequency did not go away. This caused the system to break in many pieces, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro states were split with a few areas remaining online. Most of the Minas Gerais system remained online, and powered Brazil's capital, Brasília, as well as the state of Goias and some of Espirito Santo.

In Rio, the military police placed 1,200 men in the streets to avoid looting. In São Paulo, traffic authorities announced they closed the city's tunnels to prevent robberies. More than 60,000 people were on Rio's subway when lights went out.

At midnight, power began returning to some areas.

See also
 List of major power outages
 Energy policy of Brazil

References

Brazil, 1999
Disasters in Brazil
Southern Brazil blackout
March 1999 events in South America


Charles Anderson Scales (January 11, 1938 – June 18, 2023) was an American professional football player who was a running back for seven seasons in the National Football League (NFL) for the Pittsburgh Steelers, Cleveland Browns, and Atlanta Falcons. His final season was played in the Canadian Football League (CFL) with the Montreal Alouettes, for whom he played 13 games, gaining 370 yards on 101 carries, with 2 touchdowns.

Professional career

Pittsburgh Steelers
A Pittsburgh native, Scales played his first two NFL seasons with the Steelers, signing with the team as a free agent. As a backup to fullback John Henry Johnson, Scales carried the ball 26 times for 81 yards in 1960 and 50 times for 184 yards in 1961. He did not score a touchdown as a member of the Steelers.

Cleveland Browns
Scales was traded to Cleveland prior to the 1962 exhibition season for one of Cleveland's two 1963 fifth round draft picks (the Browns had acquired a second fifth round pick in a trade with Detroit). Scales was acquired, according to Browns head coach Paul Brown, to compete with Preston Powell as a backup fullback to Jim Brown. Coach Brown said that Scales had "bothered" the Browns in exhibition games. That, plus the fact that the Steelers had selected fullback Bob Ferguson in the first round of the 1962 NFL Draft, thus making Scales expendable, prompted the trade.

In four seasons with the Browns, Scales rushed for 338 yards, scoring four touchdowns. He caught 10 passes for 97 yards.

Scales was traded to the expansion Atlanta Falcons on August 23, 1966 for a draft choice. He scored two touchdowns against Atlanta in an exhibition game just a few days prior to the trade.

Death
Scales died in Pittsburgh on June 18, 2023, at the age of 85.

References

1938 births
2023 deaths
Montreal Alouettes players
American football running backs
Pittsburgh Steelers players
Atlanta Falcons players
Cleveland Browns players
Indiana Hoosiers football players
Players of American football from Pittsburgh


The 1996 Western North America blackouts were two widespread power outages that occurred across Western Canada, the Western United States, and Northwest Mexico on July 2 and August 10, 1996. They were spread 6 weeks apart and were thought to be similarly caused by excess demand during a hot summer.

Though affecting millions, the blackouts were largely an inconvenience, and not emergencies. On both occasions airport operations continued, and power was restored within minutes or hours.

The blackouts raised concerns about the then-recent debates about deregulating electricity utilities.

July 2 blackout
On July 2, 1996, a voltage instability resulted from the loss of steady state equilibrium conditions, caused by reactive power deficiency in the Idaho area. The power failure affected parts of Alberta and British Columbia in Canada, western Mexico, as well as Idaho, Montana, Utah, New Mexico, California, and Arizona, affecting more than two million people.
Most power was restored in an hour or two.

President Bill Clinton directed the United States Department of Energy to investigate the reasons for the widespread power outage and whether it could have been prevented.

August 10 blackout
On August 10, 1996, the western electric grid experienced another massive blackout.

This power outage affected customers in seven western US states, two Canadian provinces, and Baja California, Mexico. Approximately 7.5 million customers lost power for periods ranging from several minutes to six hours. The outage stretched from Canada to New Mexico and knocked out power to 4 million customers amid a triple-digit heat wave.

At 2:06 p.m., the Big Eddy-Ostrander line flashed and grounded to a tree. At 2:52 p.m., the John Day–Marion line (also owned by BPA) flashed to a tree. Due to a circuit breaker being out of service, this also took the Marion–Lane line out of operation. At 3:42 p.m., the Keeler–Allston line arced and grounded to a tree near Hillsboro, Oregon, west of Portland. It was the fourth power line in Oregon to fail in less than two hours. Five minutes later, at 3:47 p.m., the 230 kV Ross–Lexington line (also owned by Bonneville Power Administration) flashed and grounded to a tree near Vancouver, Washington, across the Columbia River from the Portland/Hillsboro area. This started a small fire. One minute later, at 3:48 p.m., the 13 turbines at McNary Dam, on the Columbia about 190 miles upstream from Portland, tripped off line.

Within a few seconds, several dozen lines had opened across the Interconnection, and more than a dozen generating units went offline, leaving Oregon disconnected from California and Northern California disconnected from Southern California. High load and demand coupled with inadequate tree-trimming practices, improper system operation, and out of service equipment, contributed to the severity of the disturbance.

See also
List of power outages
1996 Malaysia blackout

References

North America, Western, 1996
Western North-America summer blackouts
1996 disasters in the United States
July 1996 events in North America
August 1996 events in North America


Milovan () is a Slavic name derived from the passive adjective milovati ("caress"). It is recorded in Serbia since the Late Middle Ages. Variants include Milovanac and Milovanče.

Given name
 Milovan Bojić (born 1955), Serbian politician
 Milovan Ćirić (1918–1986), Serbian football manager
 Milovan Đilas (1911–1995), Montenegrin-Serbian Communist politician, theorist and author in Yugoslavia
 Milovan Đorić (born 1945), Serbian football player and manager
 Milovan Danojlić (1937–2022), Serbian writer
 Milovan Destil Marković (born 1957), visual artist
 Milovan Drašković (born 1995), Montenegrin basketball player
 Milovan Drecun (born 1957), Serbian journalist of Montenegrin descent
 Milovan Gavazzi (1895–1992), Croatian ethnologist
 Milovan Glišić (1847–1908), Serbian writer, dramatist, and literary theorist
 Milovan Ilic Minimaks (1938–2005), Serbian radio and TV journalist
 Milovan Jakšić (1909–1953), Serbian footballer
 Milovan Jović (1955–2009), Serbian footballer
 Milovan Kapor (born 1991), Canadian soccer player
 Milovan Krivokapić (born 1949), Serbian politician
 Milovan Milovanović (1863–1912), Serbian politician, diplomat and constitutional lawyer
 Milovan Milović (born 1980), Serbian footballer
 Milovan Mirosevic (born 1980), Chilean footballer
 Milovan Obradović (born 1956), Serbian footballer
 Milovan Petrovikj (born 1990), Macedonian footballer
 Milovan Minja Prelević (1970–2019), Montenegrin footballer and coach
 Milovan Raković (born 1985), Serbian professional basketball player
 Milovan Rajevac (born 1954), Serbian footballer
 Milovan Savić (born 1953), Croatian middle-distance runner
 Milovan Sikimić (born 1980), Serbian footballer
 Milovan Stanković (born 1969), Serbian writer
 Milovan Stepandić (1954–2020), Serbian basketball coach
 Milovan Vesnić ( 2014), Serbian racing driver
 Milovan Vidaković (1780–1841), Serbian writer
 Milovan Vitezović (1944–2022), Serbian writer, poet, play writer and satirist
 Milovan Zoričić (1884–1971), Croatian football official and criminal judge
 Milovan Zoričić (statistician) (1850–1912), Croatian statistician

Surname
 Berndt Lubich von Milovan, Hauptsturmführer in the Waffen SS during World War II
 Irena Milovan (1937–2020), Yugoslav ballet dancer
 Ivan Milovan (born 1940), Croatian Roman Catholic prelate

Place names
 Milovan, a village in Pleșoi Commune, Dolj County, Romania

See also
 Milovanov
 Milovanović
 Miloslav, "Mila"
 Slavic names

References

Sources

Bosnian masculine given names
Serbian masculine given names
Slovene masculine given names
Croatian masculine given names
Montenegrin masculine given names
Ukrainian masculine given names
Bulgarian masculine given names
Slavic masculine given names
Masculine given names


Dmitri Aleksandrovich Burmistrov (; born 14 October 1983) is a Russian former professional footballer.

Club career
He made his debut in the Russian Premier League in 2004 for FC Rostov.

References

1983 births
Sportspeople from Tula, Russia
Living people
Russian men's footballers
FC Rostov players
FC SKA Rostov-on-Don players
FC Chernomorets Novorossiysk players
FC Salyut Belgorod players
Russian Premier League players
FC Torpedo Moscow players
Men's association football forwards
FC Avangard Kursk players
FC Energomash Belgorod players


The Second Test in the Australian cricket team's tour of India in early 2001 was a Test match played over five days at Eden Gardens in Kolkata from11–15 March 2001. India won the match by 171 runs after being forced to follow-on, only the third time this has happened since Test cricket began in 1877.

The Australian team, rated as the best in the world, had won 16 Tests in a row, a Test cricket record, including the previous Test at Wankhede Stadium in Mumbai by 10 wickets.

The match is remembered for VVS Laxman and Rahul Dravid's batting performance, Harbhajan Singh's hattrick and last day wicket-taking,  Sachin Tendulkar's wicket-taking spell on the final day and Sourav Ganguly's aggressive brand of captaincy in deciding to go for the improbable victory and not just a draw. Also of note were Australia's first innings performances, particularly that of captain Steve Waugh and Matthew Hayden. The Test is most noted for its fourth day. After India trailed by more than 250 runs in the first innings, Dravid and Laxman batted the entirety of day four to build up a lead of 384. In the process, Laxman also posted what was, at that time, the highest individual score by an Indian (later to be surpassed by Virender Sehwag's two triple centuries and Karun Nair's triple century). It is widely considered to be one of the greatest test matches in cricket history.

Summary

Day 1
Steve Waugh won the toss and decided to bat first. Michael Slater and Matthew Hayden gave the visitors a strong foundation putting on 103 for the opening wicket. Slater was dismissed by Zaheer Khan but Hayden, given a life on 67 when he sliced a drive to Rahul Dravid off Zaheer continued to score freely. He added another 90 runs with Justin Langer to take Australia to 193/1 by tea, and another Australian romp seemed imminent. Harbhajan Singh then dismissed Hayden for 93 immediately after tea, sparking a dramatic collapse from 193/1 to 252/7 and subsequently 269/8. Khan had Langer caught behind, and Harbhajan dismissed the dangerous Mark Waugh to make it 236/4; he then proceeded to take the first ever international test hat-trick by an Indian bowler as he dismissed Ponting, Gilchrist and Warne off successive deliveries.

Ricky Ponting was the first to go, beaten by one pushed quicker through the air. Gilchrist was adjudged lbw off a similar delivery but had cause to be aggrieved; replays showed the ball pitched well outside legstump and that he had some bat on the ball. With Harbhajan on a hattrick, Shane Warne was surrounded by men around the bat, with Sadagopan Ramesh at short leg the man who eventually claimed the catch from a tentative prod. The on field umpires referred it to the third umpire, who took a long time making the tough decision before finally declaring Warne out. An emotional Harbhajan later remembered his father in the post match interview; his captain Sourav Ganguly called it a performance that brought India back into the match.

Forced to bring himself on to bowl when Zaheer Khan walked off with cramp, Ganguly dismissed Kasprowicz lbw to leave Australia at 269/8 by the end of Day1 with Steve Waugh batting on 29 with Jason Gillespie for company. Australia, having dominated the first two sessions, had lost 7 wickets in one session to squander the advantage.

Day 2
Led from the front by Steve Waugh, Australia began the day at a precarious 291/8 but that was the high of the day for India. The 35 year old Waugh batted well with Gillespie and then Glenn McGrath, crossing numerous landmarks on the way, as he took Australia to a total of 445. In the process the Australian captain notched up his 25th Test century, crossing Sachin Tendulkar's tally of 24 hundreds at the time. Having never made a Test hundred in India, Waugh was more emotional than normal as he tugged at the red handkerchief in his pocket, took off his helmet and raised his bat to a full house Eden crowd. He also passed Javed Miandad to become the (then) 4th highest run getter in test cricket.

Waugh was given able support by Gillespie, who batted for over 3 hours, facing nearly 150 deliveries to score 46, his then-highest test score. He helped add 133 with Steve Waugh – Australia's highest 9th wicket partnership in tests against India. After Gillespie was dismissed with the scoreboard reading 402/9, Waugh rubbed more salt into the wound to add 43 more with McGrath and take Australia to a formidable total of 445. The last 2 wickets had added 176 and day 1 seemed a distant memory. Worse, however, was to come.

India began their innings poorly. Steve Waugh, with runs to work with, attacked from the beginning with as many as 7 men catching. Opener Sadagoppan Ramesh duly obliged to Jason Gillespie, edging one to Ponting in the slips without a single run on the board. Shiv Sunder Das and Rahul Dravid played out the remainder of the session to take India to 32/1 at tea. The final session was again the most dramatic, as India then collapsed from a cautious 34/1 to 113/8. Wickets fell regularly as Das was soon followed by the celebrated Indian middle order. Tendulkar played across one from McGrath and was adjudged lbw, Dravid lost his stumps to Warne and Ganguly was snapped up brilliantly by Steve Waugh at gully. India ended Day 2 on 128/8 with the two Hyderabadis VVS Laxman and Venkatapathy Raju at the crease, still needing 118 more to avoid the follow-on. India had lost 7 wickets in a session, just like the Australians the previous day, and Australia looked odds-on favourites to extend their winning streak to 17.

Day 3
India showed more determination than they had done in 5 days of test cricket before this one3 of them an abject 10 wicket humiliation in Mumbai. First the tail wagged (if not in Australian proportions); the last two wickets added 58 runs in the company of VVS Laxman who batting at No.6 stroked a fluent and graceful 59. Laxman was the last man out, a tad unfairly perhaps – replays showed the ball popped up off his arm – as India were bowled out for 171, 274 in arrears. As expected, Steve Waugh asked India to follow-on.

This time though, the openers began solidly; putting on 50 for the first time in the series. When Ramesh was dismissed, Ganguly sent in VVS Laxman. Rahul Dravid had been struggling for runs for a while and Laxman had been stroking the ball well before his unfortunate dismissal. Laxman had been asked to open the innings in this match but had refused. He seemed to pick up from where he had left off, batting serenely, and at times aggressivelya reminder that there were no demons in the pitch. Das departed, unfortunate to hit the stumps with his heels whilst executing an immaculate pull shot to end a promising partnership with Laxman. Tendulkar soon followed, for a second failure in the match, but Laxman found a willing ally in Sourav Ganguly. The pair set about repairing the damage done by raising a hundred for the 4th wicket, but just when it seemed India was going to end the day with some semblance of balance, McGrath induced an edge that was lapped up gleefully by Gilchrist to dismiss Ganguly 2 runs short of a deserved half century. Out came Rahul Dravid, with the scorecard reading 232/4. Laxman duly completed a hundred in Dravid's company.

India ended the day with 252 on the board for the loss of 4 wickets. Laxman had scored a masterful unbeaten 109 and keeping him company was the woefully out of form Dravid on 7. India were still trailing by 20 and while Laxman may have given India some joy, it seemed only a matter of time before the inevitable happened.

Day 4
The fourth day was one in which numerous records tumbled and the game changed dramatically with an incredible partnership between Laxman and Dravid. Laxman struck 44 fours on his way to a record-breaking double hundred. With a single off Matthew Hayden, he crossed the mark of 236 set by Sunil Gavaskar against West Indies at Chennai in 1983 for the highest score by an Indian batsman in tests. Dravid, meanwhile, also reached his century and celebrated in uncharacteristic fashion gesturing to the press box, having been criticised in the media for his recent poor form.

Astonishingly, the two batted out the whole day without being dismissed and took India to 589/4, leading by 315.

Day 5
Laxman (281) and Dravid (180) both departed to standing ovations from the capacity Eden Gardens crowd. The two eventually added 376 in that game-changing stand. Zaheer Khan then scored some quick runs as India declared on 657/7 13 overs into the final day, setting Australia a target of 384 in a minimum of 75 overs. With a required rate of over 5 runs, an Australian win was almost certainly out of the question. The openers Hayden and Slater again began well as Australia reached 166/3 in 45 overs. With only 30 overs remaining in the day and Steve Waugh looking solid, a draw seemed to be on the cards. But Harbhajan Singh dismissed Waugh and Ponting in quick succession to trigger a dramatic Australian capitulation. Tendulkar then removed Gilchrist for a first ball duck, completing Gilchrist's first and only king pair. It was only his 16th game, and he had won all 15 previous games. In his next two overs, Tendulkar dismissed Hayden and trapped Warne lbw with a perfectly pitched googly. Harbhajan then took the final two wickets to take his match tally to 13 wickets and complete a sensational 171 run Indian victory. It was only the third instance of a team winning the match after following on in the history of international cricket, with Australia on the losing side on all 3 occasions.

Scorecard

Australian innings

Indian innings

Notes
 Harbhajan's first innings hat-trick was the first ever by an Indian in Test cricket.
 Laxman's innings of 281 was the highest, at the time, by an Indian in Tests, surpassing Sunil Gavaskar's record of 236 not out.
 Dravid's innings of 180 was his ninth Test century and first against Australia.
 Gilchrist became the first Australian to be dismissed for a king pair in Test cricket.
 The Indian victory ended a 16 Test winning streak for Steve Waugh's team, which was a world record.

References

External links
 Scorecard from Cricinfo

2000-01 2nd Test
History of Test cricket
Test cricket matches
2001 in Australian cricket
2001 in Indian cricket
International cricket competitions in 2000–01


Fighting Chance is a United States patient advocate organization that provides counseling for cancer patients and caregivers.  Independent from any hospital and funded solely by charitable contributions, Fighting Chance, a 501(c)(3) non-profit, provides free access to hard-to-find resources and professional counseling from the time of diagnosis through treatment to survivorship. Headquartered in Sag Harbor, New York, the organization operates on the East End of Long Island and also offers e-counseling outside the area.

Organization
A 16-member board of directors, composed primarily of cancer survivors and caregivers, meet quarterly to guide the overall direction of the organization and plan annual events.  The board is led by chairman Duncan Darrow who is also the founder of Fighting Chance. The board is responsible for organizing the Fighting Chance Annual Summer Gala each year.

Day-to-day operations are handled by Karrie Zampini Robinson, LCSW an oncology social worker with over 20 years of experience; Laraine Gordon, LCSW, an oncology social worker with over 10 years of experience; and William Di Scipio, Ph.D., a clinical psychologist and retired member of the faculty at the Einstein School of Medicine.

A Medical Advisory Committee of oncologists, some of whom also serve as board members, contributes to day-to-day operations. They include: Martin Karpeh Jr., MD, Head of Surgery, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York City; Peter Bach, MD, Pulmonologist and Biostatistician at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City; and Philip Schulman, MD, head of the Long Island satellite branch (based in Commack, New York) of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center.

History
In April 2001, Charlotte Darrow was diagnosed with metastatic lung cancer and survived only 100 days after diagnosis.  The lack of support groups and professional counseling in this small town, located about 100 miles east of New York City, led Charlotte's son to start an organization that would provide tools to help future cancer patients in the area to navigate the healthcare system.  The charity was created in Charlotte's honor, as Duncan Darrow used to pray, not for a miracle, but that his mother simply be given a "fighting chance." The term Fighting Chance was registered as a service marked by the United States Patent and Trademark Office in 2004.

Leadership
 Duncan Darrow – Founder and chairman, 2002  – Present
 Willam J. DiScipio, Ph.D.-Executive Director, 2008– Present
 Karrie Zampini Robinson, LCSW — Director of Clinical Programs, 2005–Present
 Nancy Greenberg, Oncology Patient Navigator & Office Admin
 Martin Karpeh Jr., MD – Medical Advisory Committee, 2005 – Present
 Peter Bach, MD — Medical Advisory Committee, 2005 – Present
 Philip Schulman, MD — Medical Advisory Committee, 2005 – Present

Resource guide
Since 2004, Fighting Chance has updated and published an annual resource guide with a regional focus titled Coping with Cancer on the East End – a Practical Resource Guide. Topics covered in the free downloadable 93-page booklet include contact information for area doctors, hospitals, pharmacies and assisted living facilities; sources of complementary or alternative medicine; guidance on obtaining a second opinion, the scope of coverage under health insurance policies and protocols for clinical trials; and a list of useful websites.

Sister organizations
In 2008, Duncan Darrow established a sister non-profit organization called cancersimplified.org.  The organization's website, launched in 2009, explains cancer in layman's terms through a 44-page flip chart presentation.

References

External links
 Fighting Chance Website
 Cancer Simplified Website

Other references
 Stand Up to Cancer – Resources and Support
 Cure Today – Resources
 Women's Cancer Network – Advocacy Group
 The Wellness Community – Resources

Cancer organizations based in the United States
Medical and health organizations based in New York (state)


Clare Loring Randolph (May 2, 1907 – December 24, 1972) was a professional American football player who played center for seven seasons for the Chicago Cardinals, the Portsmouth Spartans, and the Detroit Lions.

References

External links

1907 births
1972 deaths
American football centers
Chicago Cardinals players
Detroit Lions players
Indiana Hoosiers football players
Portsmouth Spartans players
Players of American football from Chicago


Faserland is the debut novel by Christian Kracht, published in 1995. It is considered to have triggered the new wave of German pop literature. It is the swan song of the generation of the 80s, whose characteristics are so carefully described in the book that it has been called the "cult novel of a generation". Critics often compare the book to those of the American author Bret Easton Ellis.

Faserland has been translated into Russian, Czech, Latvian, Japanese, Lithuanian, Korean, Romanian, French, Ukrainian, Swedish, Norwegian and Hebrew.

Title

The title allows many different interpretations. Directly translated, it means "land of fibers" a possible reference to the narrator's recurring fixation on clothing, in particular his Barbour jacket. Other meanings that could be read into the title are the verbs zerfasern ("to fray"), referring to the fraying of society, and faseln ("to prattle on" or "to blather").

It also is similar to the English word "Fatherland" spoken with a German accent, and hence was interpreted as an allusion to Robert Harris' 1992 novel Fatherland, which presented an alternative history setting in which Nazi Germany won World War II.

Plot

The picaresque novel tells the story of a journey. The unnamed narrator is in his late twenties and is the son of a wealthy family, and travels south from the northernmost tip of Germany down to the Bodensee and onwards to Zürich. He is more an involuntary observer than participant in the events that unfold. He begins in Sylt and heads through Hamburg, Frankfurt, Heidelberg, Munich, Meersburg, and finally Zürich. In each of these places he has experiences with decadent excesses in the form of alcohol, drugs, and sexual encounters. These excesses are not enjoyed by the participants, but are more an expression of their hopelessness. The protagonist sees the downfall of his generationa close friend commits suicideand experiences his own downfall. He also reflects on unhappy memories of youth.

His odyssey, which can be interpreted as either a search for meaning or a long goodbye, ends on Lake Zürich: the references to Greek mythology (Charon, Obolus, and Hades) suggest the narrator's suicide in the middle of the lake. Another interpretation sees the crossing to the other shore as a sign of the homosexuality of the narrator. Neither has been confirmed by Kracht. The ending is left open.

References

1995 novels
20th-century Swiss novels
Novels by Christian Kracht
Picaresque novels
Novels set in Germany
Novels set in Switzerland
Culture of Zürich
1995 debut novels


Arrowhead Provincial Park is located north of Huntsville, Ontario, Canada, and is part of the Ontario Parks system.  A portion of the shoreline of Glacial Lake Algonquin is visible in the park.

During the winter, a  man-made skating trail winds through the forest.  Other winter activities at the park include cross-country skiing, snowshoeing and tubing.

References

External links

Provincial parks of Ontario
Parks in the District Municipality of Muskoka
Protected areas established in 1971
1971 establishments in Ontario


John Howard Johnson (born July 5, 1941) is a former professional American football player who played defensive tackle for seven seasons for the Chicago Bears and the New York Giants.

References

External links
 Just Sports Stats

1941 births
Living people
American football defensive tackles
Chicago Bears players
Indiana Hoosiers football players
New York Giants players
Players of American football from Gary, Indiana


Marlon Pack (born 25 March 1991) is an English professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Portsmouth. He formerly played for Bristol City, Cardiff City and Cheltenham Town.

Club career

Portsmouth
Born in Portsmouth, Hampshire, Pack became a first year scholar in the 2007–08 season playing regularly for the academy and occasionally for the reserves. The following season he became a regular in the reserve team and remained a key player in the academy side. By the time he signed a one-year professional contract at the end of the 2008–09 season, he had played more than 50 games for Portsmouth's junior teams. He made his debut in the League Cup against Crystal Palace on 24 August 2010 as an extra time substitute, scoring in the subsequent penalty shoot out.

Wycombe Wanderers
On 31 August 2009, Pack joined Wycombe Wanderers of Football League One on a one-month youth loan. Pack made his debut in the Football League five days later as a second-half substitute in a narrow loss to Brighton & Hove Albion. He made nine appearances in all competitions for Wycombe, where he remained until 26 October when new manager Gary Waddock chose not to extend the loan further.

Dagenham & Redbridge
In January 2010, he went on loan to Dagenham & Redbridge.
Marlon was scheduled to return to Portsmouth on 6 April 2010 as his maximum 94-day loan spell would have ended at the club. Furthermore, as the loan window had closed Dagenham were unable to renew the loan deal until the end of the Football League season. He scored his first goal for the Daggers in what turned out to be his final appearance for the team, a 3–1 defeat to Port Vale on 5 April 2010.

Cheltenham Town
Pack signed on a season-long loan for Cheltenham Town on 31 August 2010 making his debut on 4 September in a 3–1 away defeat to Barnet. He was then awarded the player of the month for his performances in November. On 28 December 2010 he scored his first goal for the club in a 4–0 win against Bradford City. 5 days later he scored his second goal in a 2–1 victory against Southend United at Roots Hall. On 23 May 2011 he made the loan move permanent, signing from Portsmouth on a free transfer. He scored his first goal of the 2011/2012 season on 27 August 2011 in a 3–1 win against Crawley Town. In December 2011 he scored three goals, including goals in back-to-back wins against Luton Town and Southend United, and in a 1–0 win against Rotherham United. He scored his 5th goal of the season in a 4–1 home win against Accrington Stanley on 14 April, before helping Cheltenham secure a play-off position by scoring in a 2–1 victory against Plymouth Argyle on 5 May. In the play-off semi finals Cheltenham faced Torquay United and after winning the home leg 2–0, they won the away leg 2–1 thanks to a late 25-yard free-kick scored by Pack to send them to the final at Wembley Stadium.

Bristol City
After a trial, Pack signed a two-year deal with League One club Bristol City on 2 August 2013. Although his Cheltenham contract had expired, a compensation fee, agreed at around £100,000, was payable because he was aged under 24. He was given the number 21 shirt. Pack made his Bristol City debut on the opening day of the season, as a second-half substitute in a 2–2 draw with Bradford City.

Pack scored his first goal for the club in a 3–1 win against Coventry City on 18 October 2014.

In May 2015 Pack signed a new two-year contract to remain at the club until the summer of 2017. This was followed by the option for a further year being taken up.

Pack featured heavily as Bristol City reached  the semi-finals of the 2017-18 EFL Cup with wins over Premier League opponents Watford FC, Stoke City, Crystal Palace F.C. and Manchester United. Pack scored in the semi-final defeat against Premier League leaders Manchester City. He signed a new three-year contract in July 2018.

Pack departed Bristol City with 283 club appearances, 12 goals and 24 assists. He was replaced as captain by Josh Brownhill.

Cardiff City
Pack joined Cardiff on 8 August 2019 for an undisclosed fee on a three-year contract, ending his Bristol City captaincy in the process. He made his debut for the side two days later in a 2–1 victory over Luton Town. In August 2019 he suffered a leg injury during a game at Reading, he  made his return on 28 September in a 2–2 draw with Hull City. Pack's first goal in a Cardiff shirt came in the following game in a 3–0 win against Queens Park Rangers. On 10 June 2022, Cardiff announced Pack would leave the club when his contract expired on 30 June.

Portsmouth
On 22 June 2022, Pack returned to his hometown club Portsmouth on a two-year deal having begun his professional career with the League One club.

Following the departure of Clark Robertson, Pack was appointed new Portsmouth captain ahead of the 2023–24 season.

Career statistics

Honours
Individual
PFA Team of the Year: 2011–12 League Two, 2012–13 League Two

Bristol City
Football League One: 2014–15
Football League Trophy: 2014–15

References

External links

1991 births
Living people
Footballers from Portsmouth
English men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Portsmouth F.C. players
Wycombe Wanderers F.C. players
Dagenham & Redbridge F.C. players
Cheltenham Town F.C. players
Bristol City F.C. players
Cardiff City F.C. players
English Football League players


Eastville is a rural community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in  Colchester County.
Alberta politician Edith Rogers was a notable resident.

References
Eastville on Destination Nova Scotia

Communities in Pictou County
General Service Areas in Nova Scotia


Ralph Kenneth Johnson (born February 12, 1947) is a former professional American football defensive lineman in the National Football League (NFL) for the Cincinnati Bengals. He played college basketball at Indiana University.

Early years
Johnson had to repeat the fifth grade because of low grades and was cut from both his junior high school football and basketball teams. He would eventually develop into a top athlete at Anderson High School, where he received All-State and All-American honors in both sports as a senior (in football as an End).

He accepted a basketball scholarship from Indiana University, to play under coach Lou Watson. As a sophomore, he was a backup, averaging 5.9 points and 6.5 rebounds per game.

As a junior, he was named the starter at center, averaging 18.2 points and 12.2 rebounds per game, while being voted team MVP. As a senior, he began to experiment with alcohol and drugs, which although it was speculated on the media that it affected his play on the court, he would repeat as the team MVP and received All-Big Ten honors, after averaging 14.7 points and 10.5 rebounds per game.

Professional career

Dallas Cowboys
Johnson was selected by the Cleveland Cavaliers in the 10th round of 1970 NBA draft, after dropping because of character concerns. Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball coach Bob Knight recommended Johnson to vice president of player personnel Gil Brandt, who retrospectively said "Our mistake with Johnson was that we tried to make him into an offensive tackle. The Bengals [who later claimed Johnson on waivers from the Cowboys] tried him on the defensive line. That was where he belonged".

In 1970, although he never played a down of college football, after a successful tryout he signed with the Dallas Cowboys as an undrafted free agent, with the intention of playing him at tight end. He followed on the foot steps of Cornell Green, Peter Gent and Percy Howard, as basketball players that were converted by the Cowboys to play professional football. He was eventually moved to offensive tackle and waived before the start of the season on September 2.

Cincinnati Bengals
On September 2, 1970, Johnson was claimed off waivers by the Cincinnati Bengals, with the intention of playing him at defensive end. He was released on September 7 and signed to the taxi squad the next day.

In 1971, he made the team as a backup defensive lineman, playing both as a defensive tackle and defensive end. In 1972, he appeared in 11 games, starting 3 of them in place of injured players.

In 1974, he was named the starter at left defensive end. In 1976, the Bengals traded for Coy Bacon, who played at a Pro Bowl level and relegated Johnson back into a reserve role.

In 1977, he was lost for the season after injuring his knee in the 10th game against the Miami Dolphins. He was released on August 29, 1978.

Personal life
Johnson became an assistant pastor at the Greater Atlanta Healing Temple. He is also a motivational speaker for the Sports World Ministries. In 1977, he nearly died when his vehicle was hit and dragged by a train for more than 100 yards.

References

External links
Defensive End Johnson Earns Bengals' Stripe
Bengals Then and Now: DE Ken Johnson

1947 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Anderson, Indiana
Players of American football from Indiana
American football defensive ends
Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball players
Cincinnati Bengals players
Cleveland Cavaliers draft picks
American men's basketball players
Centers (basketball)
Anderson High School (Anderson, Indiana) alumni


Sergei Vladimirovich Kotov (; born 17 March 1982) is a Russian professional football coach and a former player. He is the goalkeeping coach for FC Dynamo-2 Moscow.

Playing career
He made his debut in the Russian Premier League in 2002 for FC Saturn-RenTV Ramenskoye.

Coaching career
On 9 January 2020 he was promoted to the position of the goalkeeping coach with the Under-20 squad of FC Dynamo Moscow.

References

1982 births
Living people
People from Kamyshin
Russian men's footballers
FC Tekstilshchik Kamyshin players
FC Khimki players
FC Leon Saturn Ramenskoye players
FC Zvezda Irkutsk players
FC Salyut Belgorod players
Russian Premier League players
FC Gornyak Uchaly players
FC Arsenal Tula players
Men's association football goalkeepers
FC Chernomorets Novorossiysk players
FC Spartak-2 Moscow players
FC Dynamo Makhachkala players
Sportspeople from Volgograd Oblast


amsynth is an open source realtime software synthesizer for Linux. Its operation is similar to analog Moog Minimoog and Roland Juno-60, which are considered classic synthesizers from the 1970s.

The two main oscillators support five cyclic waveforms and one noise source. There is also an LFO for vibrato effects.

See also

 List of music software

References

External links

Free audio software
Free software programmed in C++
Open source software synthesizers


Hurvin Michael McCormack (born April 6, 1972) is an American former football defensive tackle who played in the National Football League (NFL) for the Dallas Cowboys and the Cleveland Browns. He played college football for the Indiana Hoosiers.

Early years
McCormack attended New Dorp High School where he played. As a senior, he tallied 58 tackles and 8 sacks, on his way to being named All-conference, All- Staten Island and All-district.

He accepted a football scholarship from Indiana University. As a sophomore, he started 11 games at defensive tackle and had 32 tackles. As a junior, he posted 36 tackles (ninth on the team), 23 solo tackles, 6 sacks and 8 tackles for loss.

As a senior, he appeared in only 9 games, recording 38 tackles (26 solo), 7 sacks and 9 tackles for loss. He finished his college career with 114 tackles and 16 sacks, which ranked fourth in school history at the time.

Professional career

Dallas Cowboys
McCormack was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Dallas Cowboys after the 1994 NFL draft. He appeared in 4 games as a rookie, collecting one quarterback sack.

In 1995, he was moved to defensive end during training camp. In the regular season, he played both at defensive end and defensive tackle. His first start came in place of an injured Russell Maryland in the ninth game against the Philadelphia Eagles, posting 6 tackles (5 solo), one sack and 2 quarterback pressures. His second start came in the fifteenth game against the New York Giants, making 3 solo tackles and one quarterback pressure. He finished the season with 22 tackles, 2 sacks, 2 tackles for loss and 9 quarterback pressures. He tore his right posterior cruciate ligament late in Super Bowl XXX, while moving in for a sack.

In 1996, he started 3 games at right defensive end in place of an injured Charles Haley and one game at right defensive tackle to compensate for an injured Chad Hennings. He registered 21 tackles, 2.5 sacks and 11 quarterback pressures (sixth on the team). He had rotator cuff surgery on his right shoulder at the end of the season.

In 1997, he made 19 tackles, 0.5 sacks, one tackle for loss and 8 quarterback pressures (third on the team). He was declared inactive for the last 3 games of the season.

In 1998, he ranked second on the team with 5 sacks. He was left unprotected in the 1999 NFL expansion draft.

Cleveland Browns
McCormack was the second overall pick in the 1999 NFL expansion draft. He started four games in the season that the Cleveland Browns returned to the National Football League. He wasn't re-signed at the end of the year.

Personal life
McCormack has three children (Myles, Milani, and Davin). He is currently the VP for the NFLPA NY/NJ Chapter.

References

1972 births
Living people
Players of American football from Brooklyn
American football defensive tackles
Indiana Hoosiers football players
Dallas Cowboys players
Cleveland Browns players
New Dorp High School alumni


Springside   is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in  Pictou County .

References
Springside on Destination Nova Scotia

Communities in Pictou County
General Service Areas in Nova Scotia


Wright Lower Glacier () is a stagnant glacier occupying the mouth of Wright Valley and coalescing at its east side with Wilson Piedmont Glacier, in Victoria Land, Antarctica.

The glacier was originally called "Wright Glacier" by the British Antarctic Expedition (1910–13), for expedition member C.S. Wright. The name was adjusted decades later by the Victoria University of Wellington Antarctic Expedition (VUWAE) (1958–59), when the VUWAE also defined the name Wright Upper Glacier for the separate glacier at the head of Wright Valley.

Sources
USGS GNIS detail

Glaciers of the Asgard Range
McMurdo Dry Valleys


David Christopher Patton (born May 18, 1984) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs.

Career
Patton graduated from Kentridge High School in 2002, and then attended Green River Community College. He was selected by the Colorado Rockies in 12th Round (350th overall) of 2004 MLB draft and made his Minor League debut in 2004, with the Casper Rockies, going 2-3 in 17 games. He split the 2005 season with the Tri-City Dust Devils and the Asheville Tourists. Patton had a 7-4 record in Single-A Asheville in 2006. In 2007 and 2008, Patton pitched for the Modesto Nuts, having a combined 9-10 record in two seasons there.

Patton was chosen by the Chicago Cubs in the 2008 Rule 5 Draft and was added to the Cubs' opening day bullpen. Patton appeared in 20 games for the Cubs, managing to compile a 3–1 record despite a 6.83 ERA with 19 walks and 23 strikeouts. He was released by the Cubs on December 12, 2010 and did not appear in professional game.

See also
Rule 5 draft results

External links

1984 births
Living people
Baseball players from Seattle
Major League Baseball pitchers
Chicago Cubs players
Green River Gators baseball players
Casper Rockies players
Tri-City Dust Devils players
Asheville Tourists players
Modesto Nuts players
Phoenix Desert Dogs players
Tennessee Smokies players
Iowa Cubs players
Daytona Cubs players


Prostitution in Scotland has been similar to that in England under the State of Union, but since devolution, the new Scottish Parliament has pursued its own policies.

In Scotland, prostitution itself (the exchange of sexual services for money) is legal, but associated activities (such as public solicitation, operating a brothel, or other forms of pimping) are criminal offences.

Tolerance
In 1982, the Civic Government (Scotland) Act 1982 came into force. This prohibited soliciting, but also gave local councils the power to license places of entertainment. Edinburgh Council issued licenses to Massage parlours and saunas, effectively allowing brothels.

The council came under pressure not to renew the licences in 2012, but renewed the licences.

In 2013, the Scottish police forces were merged to form Police Scotland. Previously each local force had had its own policy regarding prostitution. Police Scotland applied one policy to all of Scotland. This resulted in raids on the saunas in June 2013. Many of the saunas were forced to close.

In 1985, Lothian and Borders Police negotiated with Edinburgh's prostitutes to form a tolerance zone in  Leith's Coburg Street area. In return for the police 'turning a blind eye', the prostitutes would stay within this area. Gentrification was happening in the Coburg Street area and in August 2001 the toleration zone was moved to an industrial estate in Salamander Street. Following protests from local residents the toleration zone was closed in November 2001.

Aberdeen set up a tolerance zone in the dock area in 2001. The Prostitution (Public Places) (Scotland) Act 2007 came into force in October 2007. This act criminalised kerb crawling and as result the tolerance zone was closed.

Scottish National Party MSP Margo MacDonald introduced the Prostitution Tolerance Zones Bill to the Scottish Parliament in 2002. This would have allowed tolerance zones to be set up. Following an enquiry by an expert group into prostitution, the Bill was withdrawn in November 2005.

In April 2019, some sex work charities called for lawmakers in Scotland to reject a sex work policy, after statistics showed that violent crime against sex workers almost doubled after it was introduced in Ireland. The increase in Ireland was associated with the introduction of the "Nordic Model", a Swedish law which criminalises people who buy sex, rather than those who sell it. The stats originated from UglyMugs, an app where sex workers can report incidents of abuse and crime, and receive alerts about dangerous clients.

Legislative framework
Street prostitution is dealt with under the Civic Government (Scotland) Act 1982, section 46(1), which states:

a prostitute (whether male or female) who for the purposes of prostitution -
  loiters in a public place
  solicits in a public place or in any other place so as to be seen from a public place or
  importunes any person in a public place
shall be guilty of an offence

Kerb crawling, soliciting a prostitute for sex in a public place, and loitering for the same purpose are also criminal offences, with a maximum penalty of a £1000 fine, under the Prostitution (Public Places) (Scotland) Act 2007 (in force 15 October 2007), as follows:

 A person (“A”) who, for the purpose of obtaining the services of a person engaged in prostitution, solicits in a relevant place commits an offence.
 For the purposes of subsection (1) it is immaterial whether or not—
(a) A is in or on public transport,
(b) A is in a motor vehicle which is not public transport,
(c) a person solicited by A for the purpose mentioned in that subsection is a person engaged in prostitution.
3.  A person (“B”) who loiters in a relevant place so that in all the circumstances it may reasonably be inferred that B was doing so for the purpose of obtaining the services of a person engaged in prostitution commits an offence.
4.  For the purposes of subsection (3) it is immaterial whether or not—
(a) B is in or on public transport,
(b) B is in a motor vehicle which is not public transport.
5.  A person guilty of an offence under subsection (1) or (3) is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale.
6.  In this section— ...
“motor vehicle” has the meaning given by section 185(1) of the Road Traffic Act 1988 (c. 52),
“public transport” means a vehicle, train, tram, ship, hovercraft, aircraft or other thing designed, adapted or used for the carriage of persons provided in connection with any of those services on which members of the public rely for getting from place to place when not relying on facilities of their own,
"relevant place" means—
(a) a public place within the meaning of section 133 of the Civic Government (Scotland) Act 1982 (c. 45),
(b) a place to which at the material time the public are permitted to have access (whether on payment or otherwise),
and in subsection (1) includes a place which is visible from a place mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b).

Operating a brothel is illegal under the Criminal Law (Consolidation) (Scotland) Act 1995, as follows:

11 Trading in prostitution and brothel-keeping.
(5) Any person who—
(a) keeps or manages or acts or assists in the management of a brothel; or
(b) being the tenant, lessee, occupier or person in charge of any premises, knowingly permits such premises or any part thereof to be used as a brothel or for the purposes of habitual prostitution; or
(c) being the lessor or landlord of any premises, or the agent of such lessor or landlord, lets the same or any part thereof with the knowledge that such premises or some part thereof are or is to be used as a brothel, or is willfully a party to the continued use of such premises or any part thereof as a brothel,
shall be guilty of an offence.

Section 13 makes provision about male prostitution. Third-party activities, such as pimping, procuring, and living off the avails, are illegal under section 7 (Procuring) and section 11 of the Act. .

Previous reforms to prostitution laws
An expert group was assembled in 2003, and produced a report in 2004 entitled Being Outside - Constructing a Response to Street Prostitution. The key proposals included replacing soliciting laws with "offensive behaviour or conduct", applicable to both buyer or seller (obviating pressure to criminalise kerb crawling), and "managed areas" in which the activity would take place. They also recommended a national framework to guide local authorities, a requirement for local implementation plans, and public education.

A Prostitution Tolerance Zones Bill was introduced into the Scottish Parliament, but failed to become law. Instead, the Parliament passed the Prostitution (Public Places) (Scotland) Act 2007, which leaves the law relating to prostitutes unchanged, but introduces a new offence committed by their clients.

In April 2010, a plan to criminalize the customers, which had been introduced by Labour politicians, was rejected.
A further attempt by Marlyn Glen (Labour) to introduce this (amendment 6) at Stage 3 was also voted down 78: 44 on 30 June 2010.

A further attempt by Trish Godman (Labour) was made in 2011, but fell at dissolution. Yet another attempt was made by Rhoda Grant (Labour) was made in 2013, but was only supported by Labour MSPs, and therefore, did not receive cross-party support.

In September 2015, independent MSP Jean Urquhart lodged a proposal with the Scottish Parliament for a Prostitution Law Reform Bill that would decriminalise sex work in Scotland, in line with the New Zealand model. Jean Urquhart worked closely with SCOT-PEP, a Scottish charity that advocates for the safety, rights, and health of everyone who sells sex in Scotland, in developing the proposals. The proposals included the repeal of soliciting and kerb-crawling laws, changes to brothel-keeping laws to allow up to four sex workers to work collectively from the same indoor premises, and a proposal for larger commercial brothels. The proposed Bill also sought to repeal laws on living on the earnings of sex work, which criminalise family members, friends, and flatmates of sex workers. The consultation period ran for a period of 3 months, and results showed that 70% of the respondents were in favour of the aims of the proposed Bill. An event was held in the Scottish Parliament on Tuesday, 10 November 2015, to present the proposals contained in the Bill with speakers from SCOT-PEP, the New Zealand Prostitutes Collective, the English Collective of Prostitutes, the National Ugly Mugs, the National Union of Students, as well as academics experienced in researching sex work.

Advocacy for law reform

In March 2017, the Scottish National Party backed changes to prostitution laws to criminalise those paying for sex, but not those who sell it. The decision drew criticism from sex workers and sex worker organisations, who said that full decriminalisation was the only way to the ensure the safety of sex workers.

The Scottish Green Party support the decriminalisation of sex work along with full legal protection from exploitation, trafficking and violence, and access to better support and healthcare for sex workers.

Miscellanea

Ranger’s Impartial List of Ladies of Pleasure

Published anonymously in 1775, Ranger’s Impartial List of Ladies of Pleasure was a review of 66 of Edinburgh's prostitutes. The author was later revealed to be James Tytler, editor of the Encyclopædia Britannica.

A typical entry
Miss Sutherland, Back of Bell’s Wynd

This Lady is an old veteran in the service, about 30 years of age, middle sized, black hair and complexion and very good teeth, but not altogether good-natured.

She is a firm votary to the wanton Goddess, and would willingly play morning, noon, and night.

As a friend, we will give a caution to this Lady, as she has a habit to make free with a gentleman’s pocket, especially when he is in liquor.

The book was republished in 1978 by Paul Harris, as 'Ranger's Impartial List of Ladies of Pleasure in Edinburgh'.

Edinburgh and Glasgow
A survey in 1842 found that when the General Assembly met in Edinburgh that the brothels were particularly busy. In 2004 a committee of the Scottish Parliament were debating zones of tolerance for prostitution and Margo MacDonald referred to Blythswood Square in Glasgow as having been in the past a haunt of prostitutes.

See also

Prostitution in the United Kingdom
Sex Worker Advocacy and Resistance Movement
Dora Noyce

References

External links
 Scottish Government prostitution site
 Scottish Prostitutes Education Project


Vertigo parcedentata is a species of minute, air-breathing land snail, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs or micromollusks in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails.

Distribution

Vertigo parcedentata was first described as a fossil from the loess of Wiesbaden, Germany. The fossil distribution also includes other parts of Europe, from the Netherlands to Ukraine: Pleistocene and alluvium of the Rhine valley in Germany, Czech Republic, Slovakia, etc. Preece, White & Shchetnikov (2007) had the first Holocene findings from the Baikal region.

Until recently, this species was believed to be extinct. Quite surprisingly, it was found alive in the Dovrefjell, Norway. Meng (2008) found evidence of the occurrence of Vertigo parcedentata in the Altay Mountains and Tien Shan. In 2009 the material was photographed for the first time and compared with fossil material from Central Germany. Pokryszko & Horsák (2007) also found evidence of the recent occurrence of this species in the Altay region.

The Recent distribution of this species includes:
 Dovrefjell, Norway
 Altay Mountains in Russia
 Tien Shan in Kyrgyzstan

Description
The shell is small, narrowly ovate. The shell has a narrow umbilical crevice and blunt summit. The shell has from 4 to 5 convex whorls separated by a deeply impressed suture. The last whorl is forming half of the total length. The first whorl is entirely smooth, the rest having rather oblique striae, of which there are several finer between two stronger striae.

The aperture is semiovate, obliquely truncate above, with weakly reflected margins that are connected by a very thin callus. The right margin is weakly arched forward. It has usually one or two teeth or is wholly toothless, but it can have up to 4 teeth.

Authorities differ over the dimensions of the shell:
 The width of the adult shell is 1 mm, the height is 1.8–2.2 mm (Pilsbry 1918–1920).
 The width of the adult shell is 1.15–1.2 mm, the height is 2–2.2 mm (Ložek 1964).
 The width of the adult shell is 1.15–1.25 mm, the height is 1.7–2.3 mm (AnimalBase 2009).

Ecology
Vertigo parcedentata inhabits soligenous and mixed calcareous fens.

References
This article incorporates public domain text from reference and CC-BY-3.0 text from the reference

 Bank, R. A.; Neubert, E. (2017). Checklist of the land and freshwater Gastropoda of Europe. Last update: July 16th, 201

External links
 Braun, A. (1847). Löss bei Krakau und an der Donau; Binnen-Konchylien darin. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefakten-Kunde. 1847: 49-54

parcedentata
Gastropods described in 1847


The 2008-09 Israeli Basketball State Cup was the 49th edition of the Israeli Basketball State Cup, organized by the Israel Basketball Association. 26 teams took part in the competition. The semifinals and finals were played at the Nokia Arena in Tel Aviv.

Hapoel Holon defeated Maccabi Haifa 69-68 in the final, Brian Tolbert hitting a three point buzzer beater to win the match. It was Hapoel Holon's 1st Israeli State Cup, after losing 5 finals.

Preliminary round
4 Liga Leumit teams have been drawn to play a preliminary round to earn a spot in the main draw.

Main draw
Following IBA's rules, the current champions, Hapoel Holon, and the cup holders, Hapoel Jerusalem, have been drawn straight into the quarterfinals, into different halves of the draw. Two other random teams, Maccabi Tel Aviv and Hapoel Afula, have been drawn straight into the second round.

Semifinals

Final

See also
Israeli Basketball State Cup
2008–09 Israeli Basketball Super League

2008-09
State Cup


Club Deportivo Getxo is a Spanish football team based in Getxo, Biscay, in the autonomous community of Basque Country. Founded in 1927 it plays in División Honor Bizkaia, holding home matches at Campo Municipal de Fadura, with a 3,500-seat capacity.

Season to season

1 season in Segunda División B
47 seasons in Tercera División

Honours
Tercera División: 1958–59

Notable players

 Tomas Agirre
 Koldo Aguirre
 Luis Echeberría
 Manuel Etura
 José María Maguregui
 José Orúe
 Carlos Ruiz
 Daniel Ruiz
 Ángel Villar

External links
Official website
Futbolme team profile

Association football clubs established in 1927
Football clubs in the Basque Country (autonomous community)
1927 establishments in Spain
Getxo


Vladimir Olegovich Leshonok (; born 14 August 1984) is a Russian former professional footballer.

Club career
He made his debut in the Russian Premier League in 2004 for FC Spartak Moscow. He played 5 games and scored 1 goal in the UEFA Intertoto Cup 2004 for FC Spartak Moscow.

References

1984 births
Footballers from Omsk
Living people
Russian men's footballers
Russia men's under-21 international footballers
Men's association football midfielders
FC Spartak Moscow players
FC Spartak Vladikavkaz players
FC Salyut Belgorod players
Russian Premier League players
FC Krasnodar players
FC Yenisey Krasnoyarsk players
FC Tyumen players
FC Shinnik Yaroslavl players
FC Irtysh Omsk players
FC Spartak Nizhny Novgorod players


Rural Community Transportation, Inc. (RCT) is a nonprofit, public transportation system headquartered in Lyndonville, Vermont. RCT serves the Northeast Kingdom (Caledonia, Essex and Orleans counties) and Lamoille county. It provides regular bus and shuttle routes for commuters and shoppers as well as on-demand rides. RCT is heavily supported by volunteer drivers and a number of community partners.

Route List
Current routes can be found in the RCT Passenger Guide.

This information is current as of July 2021.

References

External links
Rural Community Transportation website

Bus transportation in Vermont
Transportation in Caledonia County, Vermont
Transportation in Essex County, Vermont
Transportation in Lamoille County, Vermont
Transportation in Orleans County, Vermont
Transportation in Franklin County, Vermont
Transportation in Washington County, Vermont