Kattathe Kilikkoodu () is a 1983 Indian Malayalam-language drama film directed by Bharathan and written by T. Damodaran from a story by Nedumudi Venu. The film was produced by P. V. Gangadharan and stars Bharat Gopy, Mohanlal, Srividya, Revathi, and Anju. The music for the film was composed by Johnson. The film was a major commercial success.

The film won three Kerala State Film Awards, including Best Actor for Gopy. The film was remade in Tamil as Oonjaladum Uravugal. It marked the Malayalam debut of Revathi.

Plot
Prof. "Shakespeare" Krishna Pillai leads a very happy family life. His loving wife Sarada is a homemaker and they are blessed with three daughters and one son. Their neighbour is Indira Thampi, an unmarried woman who had a failed love affair during her college days. Her niece, Asha Thampi lives with her to attend college.

Asha's good friend Unnikrishnan, is the sports coach of her college team and is also a family friend of Prof. Krishna Pillai. Asha attends special classes taken by Prof. Krishna Pillai at his house. Unnikrishnan shares a liking of music with Sarada and this makes them vibe very well. Asha misinterprets this as a liking for each other. Unnikrishnan gets irritated because of Asha's immature behaviour.

Disheartened, Asha pretends to be in love with Prof. Krishna Pillai as revenge to Unnikrishnan. Professor was initially hesitant, but slowly starts liking her. He starts going out with her to night clubs and this worries Sarda. She informs about this to Indira and she in turn scolds Asha. In retaliation, Asha leaves from Indira's house but she has nowhere else to go. She takes help of the professor and he gets her admitted to YWCA hostel.

All the while, Asha makes it a point to avoid Unnikrishnan and he feels terrible and insulted because of that. While at YWCA hostel, he barges into her room when she informs through the matron that she doesn't want to see him. He asks her repeatedly about her relationship with the professor, but she doesn't give him any clear reply. Unnikrishnan tells Sarda about Asha and her immaturity.

The professor starts distancing from Sarda and this makes her confront him one day in front of their children. Furious, the professor leaves from home and takes a room in a hotel. He calls his family and talks to the children but hesitates to talk to Sarda. He is in a great dilemma whether to live with his family or Asha. Next day, he gets Asha to his hotel room and tries to get intimate with her. She gets uncomfortable at this and tries to pull her hands from his. At this moment Unnikrishnan arrives and confronts Asha, beats her repeatedly and she finally reveals the truth about her affair with the professor. She hugs Unnikrishnan in front of the professor, making him totally heartbroken.

Out of shame, the professor drinks heavily on the beach in his car. Unnikrishnan spots him and brings him to his home. After getting rid of a hangover, he happily reunites with his wife and kids.

Cast
 Bharath Gopi as Professor "Shakespeare" Krishna Pillai
 Mohanlal as Unnikrishnan
 Srividya as Sarada
 Revathi as Asha Thampi
 K. P. A. C. Lalitha as Indira Thampi
 Santhakumari
 Anju as Indu
Crew

Voice - artists

Soundtrack
The film features songs composed by Johnson with lyrics by Kavalam Narayana Panicker.

Reception
Upon release, the film was well received in the theatres. The film is also noted for the performance of Srividya, often considered as one of the best performances in her career.

Awards
Kerala State Film Awards
Best Actor – Bharat Gopy
Best Female Playback Singer – S. Janaki
Best Art Director – Bharathan

Other awards
Kerala Film Critics Association Awards for Best Film
Film Fans Association Award for Best Film
Rotary Award for Best Film

References

External links

1983 films
1980s Malayalam-language films
Films directed by Bharathan
Films with screenplays by T. Damodaran
Malayalam films remade in other languages
Films scored by Johnson


Sovereign Assurance Company Limited (branded as Sovereign) was a New Zealand-based financial services company that provided life and health insurance, home loans, investment and superannuation products. It was a member of the AIA Group of companies.

History
Sovereign started out in 1989 as a life insurance and investment provider. The company expanded in 1996 with its acquisition of Metropolitan Life Assurance Company of N.Z. Limited.

In 1998 Sovereign was acquired by the ASB Group, which is owned by the CBA.  When CBA merged with Colonial Limited in 2000, the Colonial New Zealand life and investment business was integrated with Sovereign, making it the largest life insurer in New Zealand.

Sovereign has maintained a market share of around 29% to 30% of in-force premiums over the five years up to 2011.

Sovereign currently has a financial strength rating of A+ (Superior) from international rating agency A.M. Best (awarded December, 2011).

Sovereign is one of over 900 signatories for the Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI).  The initiative was designed and developed by the United Nations Environment Program Finance Initiative (UNEP FI), and is a set of aspirational and voluntary guidelines for investment entities wishing to address environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) issues.

In 2011, Sovereign hosted a United Nations-facilitated ‘Principles for Sustainable Insurance’ Regional Consultation Meeting for Oceania, which will help develop new sustainability principles for the global insurance sector.

On 21 September 2017 CBA announced that it had agreed to sell Sovereign, as well as its Australian insurance business (CommInsure) to AIA Group for AUD $3.8 billion. This sale was successfully completed on 2 July 2018.

AIA New Zealand and Sovereign continued to operate as two separate brands until 5 August 2019. From this date onwards the combined business has traded as AIA New Zealand Limited.

References

Financial services companies established in 1989
Insurance companies of New Zealand
Financial services companies of New Zealand
Commonwealth Bank


Leukocyte adhesion molecule deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by recurrent bacterial and fungal infections and impaired neutrophil migration.

See also
 Skin lesion
 Leukocyte adhesion deficiency

References

Noninfectious immunodeficiency-related cutaneous conditions


This is a list of Polish national and patriotic songs.

 Bogurodzica (Mother of God)
 A religious hymn to the Virgin Mary dating back to between 10th and 13th centuries. It was a de facto national anthem of medieval Poland, sung at royal coronations and on battlefields, including the Battle of Grunwald in 1410 and the Battle of Varna in 1444.

 Gaude Mater Polonia (Rejoice, Mother Poland)
 A hymn written in the 13th century by Wincenty of Kielcza. It was penned in Medieval Latin to the melody of a Gregorian chant, O salutaris Hostia. The hymn celebrates the canonization of Saint Stanislaus of Szczepanów, bishop of Kraków and patron saint of Poland. In the Middle Ages, it was chanted on special occasions and after victorious battles. Today, it is performed at university ceremonies.

 Daj nam Boże doczekać tej pory, by do ataku nachylić propory (Let Us, O God, Live to Lower Our Pennons for Attack)
 Soldiers' song which originated in Prince Józef Poniatowski's division and gained some popularity at the end of the 18th century.

 Hymn do miłości Ojczyzny (O Sacred Love of the Beloved Country)
 Written in 1774 by Prince-Bishop Ignacy Krasicki for King Stanisław August Poniatowski's Corps of Cadets, it became in the latter's reign an unofficial national anthem of Poland. The lyrics convey the idea that love of Country gives meaning to poverty, wounds and death.

 Mazurek Dąbrowskiego (Dąbrowski's Mazurka, or Poland Is Not Yet Lost)
 Soldiers' song written in 1797 by Gen. Józef Wybicki in praise of Gen. Jan Henryk Dąbrowski, commander of the Polish Legions serving in Italy under Napoleon Bonaparte. In 1926 it became the official national anthem of Poland.

 Boże, coś Polskę
(from the first lines "Boże! Coś Polskę przez tak liczne wieki / Otaczał blaskiem potęgi i chwały...", "Lord! Who for so many ages enclosed Poland with the light of power and glory...")
 Originally written in 1816 by Alojzy Feliński as Pieśń narodowa na pomyślność Króla (National Song to the King's Well-being). It was the official anthem of the Congress Kingdom of Poland reigned over by Russian emperors who were ex officio kings of Poland. Initially unpopular, it evolved in the early 1860s into an important religious and patriotic hymn. The line from the refrain, which originally begged "Save, Oh Lord, our King", was substituted with "Return us, Oh Lord, our free Fatherland" while the melody was simplified and made close to the Marian hymn.  The resulting modern version has been sung in Polish churches ever since, with the final verse alternating between "Return..." and "Bless, Oh Lord, our free Fatherland", depending on Poland's political situation.

 Warszawianka (The Song of Warsaw, 1831)
 Originally written in 1831 by Casimir Delavigne in French as La Varsovienne, with melody composed by Karol Kurpiński. The song praised the November Uprising of 1830 and, translated into Polish by Karol Sienkiewicz, it became the most popular song of the uprising and is still performed by Polish military bands today.

 Gdy naród do boju (When the Nation Fights)
  A patriotic socialist song written in 1835 by Gustaw Ehrenberg to the melody of an aria from Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's opera Don Juan. The lyrics denounce the loyalist attitude of Polish magnates, noblemen and clergy during the failed November Uprising of 1830. The song was popular with members of Polish socialist and agrarian movements and became an anthem of the Polish People's Army during World War II.

 Warszawianka (The Song of Warsaw or Whirlwinds of Danger, 1905)
 A revolutionary song written in 1879 by socialist Wacław Święcicki imprisoned in the Warsaw Citadel. First sung in the streets of Warsaw in 1885, it became particularly popular during the Revolution of 1905. Its popularity spread to Russia proper and from there to Germany, France and Spain, where it became known as A las barricadas (To the Barricades), the anarchist anthem of the Spanish Civil War.

Rota (The oath) (1908)
Great anthem against German oppression and policy of germanisation, written by Maria Konopnicka, music composed 1910 by Feliks Nowowiejski, first publicly sung during patriotic demonstration July 15, 1910, in Kraków on the 500th anniversary of Polish victory in Battle of Grunwald. Special modified version of Rota has been prepared against Soviet Union after WWII when Poland became dependent.

 Marsz Pierwszej Brygady (March of the First Brigade)
 Soldiers' song written in 1917 by Andrzej Hałaciński and Tadeusz Biernacki to the melody of Marsz Kielecki (Kielce March) composed by Andrzej Brzuchal-Sikorski in 1905. It was originally sung by soldiers of the First Brigade of the Polish Legions commanded by Józef Piłsudski during World War I. During Piłsudski's military dictatorship following the coup of May 1926, the song was an unofficial national anthem of Poland. In 2007, it became the official anthem of the Polish Armed Forces.

 Morze, nasze morze ()
 Written at the turn of the 1930s by Adam Kowalski to praise the sailors of Poland's nascent navy and to celebrate the construction of Gdynia, a new port city on the Baltic Sea. It is now the official anthem of the Polish Navy.

 Czerwone maki na Monte Cassino (Red Poppies on Monte Cassino)
 A military song written by Feliks Konarski and composed by Alfred Schultz in 1944 to commemorate Polish soldiers fallen in the Battle of Monte Cassino earlier that year.

 Mury (Walls)
 A revolutionary song written in 1978 by Jacek Kaczmarski to the melody of Lluís Llach's Catalan song L'Estaca. It became an unofficial anthem of the Solidarity movement in the 1980s.

Lists of patriotic songs


The 2008 Tulane Green Wave football team represented Tulane University during the 2008 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Tulane competed as a member of the Conference USA.

The team was led by second-year head coach Bob Toledo. Tulane finished the season with a 2–10 record. Despite this, sports columnist King Kaufman declared the Green Wave the national champions. In a Salon article, meant more to point out the flaws in the Bowl Championship Series (BCS) than make a real argument in Tulane's favor, he wrote:
"Tulane beat Louisiana-Monroe, who beat Troy, who beat Middle Tennessee, who beat Maryland, who beat Wake Forest, who beat Mississippi ... [who beat BCS champions] Florida ... [and] also beat Texas Tech, who beat Texas, who beat [BCS runners-up] Oklahoma."

Schedule

References

Tulane Green Wave
Tulane Green Wave football seasons
Tulane Green Wave football


Puppet Master is an American horror film series which focuses on a group of anthropomorphic puppets animated by an Egyptian spell, each equipped with its own unique and dangerous device and are represented as heroes, antiheroes and antagonists. The franchise was created by Charles Band and Kenneth J. Hall. The series consists of 15 films, 11 mainline, one crossover, a reboot and two spin-offs. The sixteenth film and third spin-off titled "Puppet Master: Furnace Leech Woman" began filming in Cleveland, Ohio in May 2023.

Produced by Full Moon Features, the series was established in 1989 with the eponymous first installment, which has since been followed by ten sequels, a crossover with the characters of Demonic Toys, a 2018 reboot entitled The Littlest Reich, a spin-off film about the puppet Blade, a spin-off film about Retro Puppet Master's Doktor Death, two comic book mini-series, an ongoing comic book series, a free-to-play multiplayer video game by October Games, as well as numerous other collector's items.

Development
After the collapse of his film studio Empire Pictures, Charles Band relocated to the United States and opened Full Moon Productions. Band's goal with Full Moon was to create low-budget horror, science fiction and fantasy films that mirrored the quality of films with more generous budgets. After partnering with Paramount Pictures and Pioneer Home Entertainment, Full Moon began production on its first feature film, Puppet Master, which had a premise similar to an earlier Empire film produced by Band, Dolls. Originally intended for theatrical release in summer 1989, Puppet Master was ultimately pushed to a direct-to-video release on October 12, 1989, as Band felt he was likely to make more money this way than he would in the theatrical market.

Puppet Master proved to be a success, and the film's cult status has led to the production of ten sequels, as well as a crossover with another Full Moon series, Demonic Toys. A documentary featurette titled No Strings Attached was included on VHS and Laserdisc pressings.

1990 saw the release of a sequel, Puppet Master II, and later in 1991, Puppet Master III: Toulon's Revenge, the latter a series prequel. Toulon's Revenge was the first installment to feature Guy Rolfe in the role of puppeteer Andre Toulon (in the prior films Toulon was portrayed by William Hickey and Steve Welles, respectively). Rolfe reprised the role of Toulon for three additional films. After his death in 2003, he posthumously appeared in The Legacy through extensive use of archival footage. In 1993 Full Moon began shooting another two sequels simultaneously, Puppet Master 4 and Puppet Master 5. The latter, as the title indicates, was intended to be the final installment of the series.

After the release of The Final Chapter in September 1994, Full Moon opted to retire Puppet Master and announced that a spin-off trilogy titled Puppet Wars would begin production in 1995. The spin-off trilogy was cancelled, leaving the series to continue its legacy through merchandising and a growing cult following.

Due to demand from video retailers and fans for a new installment, four years after retirement, the franchise was revived by the production of a sixth entry, Curse of the Puppet Master, in 1998. This was the first installment not to have David W. Allen involved with stop-motion special effects. By this time, Paramount had ended its deal with Full Moon, so the film used a combination of rod and string puppets, as well as archival footage to conserve costs. In September 1999, Full Moon Features released Totem, featuring characters similar to the Totems of the fourth film.

Also in 1999, a second prequel (taking place at an even earlier time than Toulon's Revenge) was released, titled Retro Puppet Master. The original idea for the seventh installment was for it to take place following Toulon's Revenge, with Toulon and his puppets escaping Germany by train, after which they are confronted by Nazis and demons. This idea was abandoned because the distributor, the Kushner Locke Company, thought it would offend the German audience, although it later formed the basis for the ninth installment of the series, Puppet Master: Axis of Evil. Retro Puppet Master was an anomaly to the series, in that the main theme composed by Richard Band was completely absent, and with its PG-13 rating, this was the first installment not to be rated R by the Motion Picture Association of America. The films following this would all fall under not rated.

An eighth entry, entitled The Legacy, was released in 2003, however only a fraction contains original footage; the remainder is archival footage used to summarize the series thus far. The same year, a crossover film featuring the animated playthings of Full Moon's Puppet Master and Demonic Toys series aired on Sci-Fi Channel, although it was said it did not take place in the same continuity as either of those franchises.

In 2005, Band alluded to a possible television series titled Puppet Wars (see left for promotional artwork) and expressed interest in seeing a video game adaptation of the franchise developed. In June 2008, Band announced that a ninth installment of the series is planned, tentatively subtitled Axis of Evil. In March 2009, it was reported that Band is also interested in remaking 1989's Puppet Master in 3-D. Similarly, the original film was reissued by Razor Digital in 2007 in DualDisc format, featuring both standard and stereoscopic versions.

In June 2009, the Full Moon website posted updates about the latest installment, revealing the roster of puppets to be included, as well as principal cast members Levi Fiehler and Jerry Hoffman. Puppet Master: Axis of Evil was released on DVD, Blu-ray and streaming in 2010.

In 2012, Full Moon released the tenth installment, entitled Puppet Master X: Axis Rising, which continued the story and events from the previous film.

In 2017, Full Moon announced that Puppet Master: Axis Termination would debut exclusively on Full Moon Streaming in three parts starting in September 2017.

In 2018, a reboot was produced under the title Puppet Master: The Littlest Reich.

In 2020, a spin-off film revolving around the puppet Blade was released under the title Blade: The Iron Cross.

In 2022, a second spin-off film about Doktor Death (from Retro) was released as Puppet Master: Doktor Death.

In March 2023, a third spin-off centered around Leech Woman was announced with Puppet Master: Furnace Leech Woman.

Films

Storyline chronology
As the series expanded, it created many continuity errors. One major discrepancy is the year of Toulon's demise; the original film states that Toulon committed suicide in 1939 at the Bodega Bay Inn in Bodega Bay, California, while he is alive in 1941 (Toulon's Revenge). There was an attempt to fix the errors with the release of The Legacy in 2003. However, Axis of Evil, released in 2010, continues to reuse the footage of Toulon committing suicide at the Bodega Bay Inn (as illustrated in the first) without altering the year of the setting.

Below is a table of all films in chronological order. The series also bridges the narrative gap between two or more of the films by using a prologue and epilogue from Retro, as well as a flashback scene from II.

Retro Puppet Master
In 1902, an unconventionally immortal Egyptian named Afzel steals the secret of life from the god Sutekh. Sutekh sends several followers after Afzel, but none are successful in killing him and returning the spell. In Paris, Afzel is severely wounded and is sheltered by André Toulon. Afzel teaches Toulon Sutekh's spell, telling him when gods like Sutekh rise up one day, the secret of life will be the only thing to protect humanity. Toulon uses the secret to animate one of his puppets, Pinhead. Comfortable that the spell has been passed on, Afzel commits suicide in front of Sutekh's henchmen, making them believe Afzel has taken the magic to his grave. However, when Toulon uses the spell to animate a handful of other puppets, Cyclops, Drill Sergeant, Six Shooter, Blade and Doctor Death, Sutekh's henchmen return to Paris to slay the Puppet Master. While the puppets are successful in besting Sutekh's forces, two of them are resurrected to pursue Toulon. After the demons kidnap Toulon's love, Elsa, he confronts them on a train and battle ensues. Toulon and his puppets are successful in defeating their pursuers and rescuing Elsa.

A flashback from Puppet Master II (1990) takes place ten years later; Toulon and Elsa – now married - move their puppetry to Cairo and display a new puppet named “Mephisto”. In the audience is a magician who plans to recruit Toulon by secretly setting his theater ablaze and then acting as savior to the puppeteer and his wife. The magician reveals his own animated puppet (a chained Egyptian goblin puppet named “Homunculus”) brought to life using an elixir formula. (This event is first revealed in a flashback from Puppet Master II and later reinstated with archived footage in "Puppet Master: The Legacy." The integration of both "origins" for Toulon's powers over his puppets suggests that he, for reasons unaddressed, could no longer animate them with the Egyptian spell. Toulon would utilize this new, more sinister, method after he and Elsa fell under the hypnotic influence of this mysterious sorcerer).

Puppet Master III: Toulon's Revenge
To adjust the timeline, one could argue that this film takes place in 1941, because the Eastern Front conducted operation in summer of 1941. That would push Toulon's death back to 1945.

In a small theater in Berlin during World War II, a middle-aged André and Elsa Toulon set up a politically satirical puppet show for children. It stars a six-armed American Old West puppet named Six Shooter, who attacks an inanimate reconstruction puppet of Adolf Hitler. There, they are soon discovered by a scientist named Dr. Hess, who is forced by the Nazis, especially his Gestapo liaison Major Kraus, to create a drug capable of animating corpses to use as living shields on the battlefield. The following day, Kraus, Hess, and squad of Nazi soldiers kill Elsa when she refuses to hand over the puppets and place André under arrest for the treason of insulting of the Führer. Toulon soon escapes with the assistance of Pinhead and Tunnler.

Toulon returns to his theater and finds that the stage has been burnt by the Nazis. Luckily, he finds Six Shooter and Jester within the rubble. He sets up camp in a partially destroyed hospital. There he decides to seek revenge and places his wife's life essence into a doll that resembles her (Leech Woman). With the use of his puppets, Toulon hunts down the soldiers that are responsible for his wife's death and befriends two refugees: a boy named Peter Hertz and his father. After Six Shooter loses an arm while assassinating General Müller, the supervisor of the Nazi reanimation project, Peter volunteers to go to Toulon's old atelier to look for a replacement arm. He is soon caught by Dr. Hess, who asks the boy to take him to Toulon. Dr. Hess and Toulon become friends, but their friendship is soon cut short when Kraus and his soldiers storm the ruins. It is revealed that Peter's father betrayed Toulon in exchange for a pardon for his family. Dr. Hess and Mr. Hertz are killed, while Toulon and Peter escape with the help of the puppets.

That night, Major Kraus returns to his office, only to fall prey to an ambush by Toulon and his puppets, now joined by Blade, infused with Hess' essence. Toulon takes terrible revenge on Kraus by impaling him on sharp hooks and hanging him from the ceiling. Toulon plants a halberd from Kraus' office point up, then lights the support rope on fire. The rope eventually snaps and Kraus falls fatally onto the halberd. The film ends with Toulon, posing as Kraus, and Peter leaving the country for Geneva on the express train.

The prologue and epilogue from Retro follow immediately after this film chronologically. After reuniting Peter Hertz with relatives, Toulon continues his travels to the Swiss border, taking shelter at an inn, where he tells his puppets the story of Afzel and of his original puppets. That film ends with Toulon promising to his puppets that he will one day tell them the outcome of the original puppets.

Puppet Master: Axis of Evil
Continuing to hide from the Nazis in the United States, Toulon takes shelter at the Bodega Bay Inn in Bodega Bay, California. The Gestapo, however, have traced his location and two soldiers are sent to the hotel to capture him. Toulon hides his chest containing his puppets inside a wall panel and commits suicide before the spies can infiltrate his room. Bodega Bay employee Danny Coogan discovers Toulon's body, along with his trunk of puppets, and begins taking care of them and, eventually, their secret. Coogan becomes jealous when his girlfriend, who also knows the puppets are alive, flirts with a man Coogan recognizes as one of the Gestapo. Coogan discovers the Gestapo are involved in a plan to bomb the United States, and with the puppets' help, Coogan resolves to stop them. He creates a new puppet "Ninja" to aid the others in battle.

Puppet Master X: Axis Rising
After foiling a plot to blow up an American arms plant, Danny Coogan and his girlfriend, Beth, quickly find that their troubles have just begun. One of Toulon's mysterious puppets has been taken by the Nazis, and under the wicked, watchful eye of the occultist Commandant Moebius, the puppets' life-giving serum is synthesized to create a master race of unstoppable soldiers. Moebius plots to assassinate the highly decorated General Porter to deliver a crippling blow to the American war effort, but his experiments are not ready. A Nazi Scientist uses the serum to create his own superior race of Nazi Puppets in the form of Blitzkrieg, Wehrmacht, Bombshell and Kamikaze! Danny and Beth, teamed with craggy Sergeant Stone and Toulon's puppets, are no match for Moebius and his war machine. It is up to Blade, Pinhead, Leech Woman and Jester to revive their own secret weapon to stop the Axis Rising.

Puppet Master: Axis Termination
After the events of Axis Rising, Danny and Beth arrange to meet Captain Brooks so that they can hand over the puppets to be used in the American war effort, but they are both shot and killed by a Nazi Spy that is posing as Brooks.

After killing the spy he had been assigned to take a puppet trunk from the bodies and take it back to Kip, there he discovered that the American army had been tipped off about the Nazis using the occult to give life to their own puppets and had successfully killed another American general and six citizens and he needed Brooks to work with a team of psychics led by Dr. Ivan Ivanov to find out how the puppets work so that they can use the magic inside of them to help the American war effort. Brooks was not happy with this assignment as he did not like being told what to do by a Russian 'dwarf' and also did not believe in living puppets or psychic phenomena. While he stayed with them he quickly began to gain their respect and believe in their powers, after Ivan's daughter had read his thoughts and brought back his horrific war incident.

A few days after he had settled in with the psychic group, there was an explosion in a power station that had knocked out all of the power to the city, so they, along with Blade, Tunneler and Leech Woman went to the location to investigate. While they were there they were ambushed by Sturmbahnfurher Krabke, who was a psychic Nazi with stronger powers than any of them and he had used magic to stun them all to the ground. After this they were rescued by Leech Woman who had spat a leech onto his eye which allowed them to all escape and regroup. When they had returned home they had discovered that Ivan's daughter had been kidnapped and the psychics used their powers to trace her location, which was an old mansion that a large group of Nazi spies were hiding. Brooks, with the help of the puppets had raided the building and shot and killed as many of the Nazis as possible, before coming face to face with Krabke again, who had used his powers to paralyze him to the ground, but he was saved when Pinhead grabbed Krabke by the throat and choked the life out of him. After killing most of the Nazis, they had returned home where they placed the puppets into the trunk to rest.

Blade: The Iron Cross
In 1944–45, Ivan has moved to Russia to study brain research and he leaves the puppets with Elisa. During this time Elisa begins to have vivid nightmares about Elsa's death and Major Kraus. She soon realizes this is psychic memories that she is picking up from Blade and she also has vivid visions of Blade in distress, explosions and an evil doctor and she knows these are events which will transpire. Blade is the only one of the puppets that can make slight movements, despite having virtually no elixir left in his body and he spends his time either hiding behind the trunk like a guardian or observing Elisa as she bathes. Elisa notices Blade is different from the other puppets and he is able to feed off of her psychic energy and she also sees that his knife is dull and she sharpens it up but cuts herself by mistake, which causes her to bleed and this creates a blood bond between the two. She also uses her psychic powers to look inside of Blade, and thereby possibly discover who he was in his human life. Meanwhile, Dr. Hauser, a Nazi doctor that was a former colleague of Hess, is continuing the Deathcorp Project at a hideout in California and is performing experiments on innocent victims. His project is funded by an American district attorney, James D. Madison, who has betrayed America and had sided with the Nazis. Madison also has top secret files from the government which have scans of the Scroll of Osiris, as well as photos and information about Toulon's puppets.

Blade manages to have enough energy to sneak out into the night to participate in his own solo Nazi hunting and he hides out at a factory under a sheet and Officer Bruce, a corrupt American police officer is also there and stealing supplies for the Nazis. Bruce hears Blade's footsteps and discovers him under the sheet and calls him Pinocchio before hitting him across the room with his baton. Bruce picks up Blade to hit him again but Blade uses his eye spikes to impale Bruce's hand, which causes him to smack Blade against a wall, which only causes the spikes to go in further. Blade manages to break free and musters enough strength to impales Bruce's ankle with his hook and drag him across the room and then finishes him off by sawing his head off violently with his knife. During this time Elisa is at home dreaming of these events as they play out and she feels a jolt of power every time Blade's knife is used, which reveals a psychic link between the two. Later on Gloria Vasquez, a Spanish nationalist spy and her henchman break into Elisa's apartment and tare the place apart looking for Blade and the scroll of Osiris. They manage to find the scroll hidden behind a painting and then she uses a special chemical to put press photographer Barney Barnes to sleep and take him back to be experimented on by Hauser. During this time Blade was observing the events from a closet, before moving to the window where he had hung on by the tip of his hook, he then jumped down many stories and landed on the ground without any sign of injury and followed Gloria to Hauser's secret hideout. Meanwhile, Madison used a smoke bomb at the Daily Herald to knock Elisa and detective Joe Gray unconscious and also take them back to the hideout and Blade was already there and hiding behind a shelf. Joe is chained up on the ceiling and his leg is broken with a wrench and Elisa is strapped to a torture device and repeatedly electrocuted and asked to hand over the translation of the scroll of Osiris, as Hauser was unable to do it himself as he did not understand Russian, Greek and Egyptian symbols, he also reveals that he plans to uses a giant Death Ray on the roof to shoot out a signal which will kill half the population of California and then revive them as murderous zombies that will follow orders from the Nazi regime.

Elisa refuses and is continued to be electrocuted with the torture device but she uses her psychic bio-energy to shut the machine down. After this Blade cuts Joe down from his chain and systematically goes on a killing spree across the hideout and he begins by putting his hook into the mouth of one of the henchman and cutting him in the back of the head and slitting his throat. He then is fired at by Lang's gun but each bullet misses and Blade finishes him off with a few stabs to the throat. Hauser then uses his machine to transform Barney into a zombie slave to go after Blade, but he attacks Gloria instead, biting her and leaving her for dead and then Blade stabs her in the throat before putting Barney out his misery by cutting his leg and then sticking his knife through the back of his head and out the front of his mouth. Blade then kills the Nazi that is operating the torture machine by slitting his throat and then runs full speed at Hauser. Hauser manages to grab Blade with his mechanical hand and then puts him into a scorching hot furnace. Elisa is stunned on the floor as she is experiencing Blade's pain and then Hauser wants to prove that the puppets can be destroyed, despite them being magical, by hitting Blade over and over with a sledgehammer. Elisa is also feels every strike of pain through her strong psychic connection with Blade and Hauser eventually smashes Blade's head to pieces, which causes his entire body to combust into ash. Hauser is proud to have defeated Blade but also disappointed he could not keep the knife as a souvenir and then Hauser accidentally breathes in the bio-energy that emits from Blade's corpse, which causes Blade to be fully reborn within Hauser's belly and he kills Hauser by chopping his way out. For a few moments Blade's facial form has changed to display his eyes in an evil frown but after putting his hat on, the face changes back to his regular face and all of Hauser's blood mysterious vanishes. This attack on Hauser was unfinished business between Blade in his human life and his former colleague. After Hauser died, his 'dead-man's switch' on his mechanical hand had been set off which meant that the Death Ray was going to shoot out its signal, so Joe hands Blade a wrench and he climbs inside of the machine and breaks the inside. This causes the ray and the hideout to explode and Blade, Elisa and Joe manage to escape unharmed. After this Elisa prints a story about a killer puppet foiling a Nazi death plot in her newspaper article and because the Daily Herald is known for printing fictitious tabloid headlines then it is not believed by the public. After this Joe uses Blade to climb through the vent in Madison's office and unlock the door. When Madison arrives he is ambushed by Blade and he is killed by having his throat slit and so that his corpse would look like he had committed suicide. After this Joe sets out with Blade on a mission to track down more double crossing Americans that are assisting the Nazis.

Puppet Master
In 1989, four psychics each receive unsettling visions, which they conclude have been sent by a former colleague, Neil Gallagher. The group meets at the Bodega Bay Inn where Gallagher has been staying, and before long they are introduced to Gallagher's wife, Megan. The psychics are skeptical that Gallagher had ever been wed, but this is forgotten when Megan reveals that he has recently committed suicide. Toulon's puppets, now out and about, proceed to murder everyone in the hotel until only the psychic Alex Whitaker and Megan remain. It is then that Gallagher, alive, confronts the two survivors. Gallagher explains that while he did die, he used Toulon's formula to give himself eternal life. However, when Gallagher mistreats the puppet Jester, the others revolt against him, locking him in an elevator and mercilessly killing him. Whitaker returns home. Megan, now alone, is shown picking up Dana's taxidermic dog. The dog becomes animated, indicating that she too has learned Toulon's method.

Curse of the Puppet Master
In The House of Marvels, a doll museum, with Andre Toulon's puppets in a cage, watching their current master, a man named Dr. Magrew (George Peck), stuffing something into a crate. Before leaving, he promises the puppets that things will be different next time. He drives into the woods, where he puts down the crate and douses it with gasoline, then sets it on fire. From inside the crate, faint screaming can be heard. The next morning, Dr. Magrew's daughter, Jane (Emily Harrison), has just returned home from college. She asks her father about Matt, his assistant. Her father tells her that Matt left, since his father was ill. He and Jane decide to drive into town to take their minds off things. Robert "Tank" Winsley (Josh Green), a very tall but meek young man, works at the gas station in town. He passes his time by carving small wooden statues. He is frequently harassed by bully Joey Carp (Michael D. Guerin). Jane and Dr. Magrew arrive and tell Joey to get lost. Jane finds one of the statues that Robert was carving and compliments him on it, then shows it to her father. Dr. Magrew introduces himself and Jane to Robert, and offers Robert a job helping him with the Marvel show. Robert accepts and they drive back to the house. Jane decides to go back to the woods to see what that burned box was. As she grabs what's inside of it, she sees that it's one of Matt's carved puppets, then it starts to speak: "Jane!" for help in Matt's voice. Terrified at what she saw, she then realizes that her father's going to do the same thing to Robert, so she quickly gets in her car, and drives back to the House. Meanwhile, at the house, Dr. Magrew puts Robert's soul into the puppet he especially made for Robert via electricity, and it finally works this time, but the puppets are angry because they did not want him to kill Robert, so Blade slashes Magrew's legs, hand, and face, Tunneler drills through his leg, and Pinhead hits him with a metal cane. As Jane arrives at the house, she finds her father nearly dead, bleeding to death, with him pointing at the new "tank puppet", saying "I did it". Suddenly, the Tank Puppet starts to move and points its arm at Dr. Magrew. The arm shoots out a bolt of electricity, and electrocutes Dr. Magrew straight between the eyes. The film ends with a shot of Dr. Magrew screaming before death, and Jane screaming in horrified terror.

Puppet Master II
The film begins a year later when the puppets visit the Shady Oaks cemetery, recover Toulon's corpse, and reanimate it using the last of the Egyptian's elixir. With Toulon alive, the puppets hope that he can brew a new elixir to keep them sustained. Toulon humbly pursues the formula, but to do so, his puppets are required to continue killing, as blood and brain tissue are the key ingredients. After slaying the Bodega Bay Inn's owner, Megan Gallagher, Toulon unofficially takes ownership of the hotel. A group of parapsychologists come to investigate the murder of the hotel's owner as well as the rantings of Alex Whitaker, who has gone insane since his visit to the hotel. It is during this time that Toulon designs his latest puppet, Torch. After seeing one of the investigators, Carolyn Bramwell, Toulon is reminded of his wife Elsa, who has a striking resemblance to Bramwell. Uncharacteristically, he abandons the plan to help his puppets and instead looks for a way to unite with the woman whom he believes is his reincarnated wife. Toulon plans to house his soul and Bramwell's in two life-sized mannequins. He uses a combination of the elixir and a magic spell to place his soul into one mannequin, but before Bramwell's soul can be transferred into the other mannequin, her love interest, Michael Kenney, rescues her. The puppets, both angry and ashamed that their master abandoned them, decide to kill him once again. They use the remaining elixir and mannequin to resurrect one of their victims, Michael's mother, Camille. However, Camille takes on a sadistic personality and has the puppets locked away, except for Torch, who shares her disgust for children. It is suggested that Camille uses the puppets to terrorize institutionalized children.

Puppet Master: Furnace Leech Woman
The plot for the film is unknown, but it is expected to take place after the events of Puppet Master II.

Puppet Master 4
After the events of II, the puppets are somehow returned to the Inn and the whereabouts of Camille are unknown. In 1993, a student scientist named Rick Myers works as caretaker at the hotel and discovers the puppets. It is now that the god Sutekh makes a second attempt to suppress the secret of animation. Sutekh has three tribal demon puppets called Totems, spiritually linked to demonic minions of his own, sent to Earth. Their goal is to hunt down key personnel in the Omega Project, an organization also attempting to create life in inanimate objects. Myers' girlfriend, Susie, pays a visit to the Bodega Bay Inn, along with her friends Cameron and Lauren. Unknown to Susie, both Myers and Cameron are previously acquainted, as they are both members of the Omega Project. Lauren, a clairvoyant, leads the group to the trunk containing Toulon's puppets and diaries. Myers learns to inject the puppets with elixir to reanimate them. The puppets befriend the group, and protect them when the Totems arrive to kill Myers and his friends. Toulon's spirit, at ease since his puppets slew him over his treachery, returns to guide the puppets. Toulon helps them to activate his unfinished puppet, Decapitron, using an electric current combined with the elixir. Decapitron becomes a vessel for Toulon's spirit. He communicates with the group using interchangeable heads and eliminates the Totems by electrocution

Puppet Master 5
Following the events of Puppet Master 4, Myers is arrested for the murders committed by the Totems. His boss, Jennings, bails Myers out because he believes he is innocent, and Myers tells Jennings about his experience with Toulon's puppets. Jennings does not believe him, but he is interested in Myers' story. Jennings organizes a group of thugs to break into the Inn and steal the puppets. Myers has a disturbing premonition and decides to return to the hotel with Blade to check on the puppets. Meanwhile, Sutekh activates another Totem, transferring his soul into it. Sutekh ambushes Jennings' thugs, then confronts Myers and Toulon's puppets. A battle between Sutekh and the puppets ensues. Sutekh attempts to retreat. However, the spirit of André Toulon, piloting Decapitron, is able to destroy him, inadvertently damaging all of the puppets in the process. After the defeat of Sutekh, Myers is cleared of the murder charges. He rebuilds the puppets and is now their guardian.

Puppet Master: The Legacy
This film attempts to fix the continuity errors within the series. It uses 30 minutes of new footage featuring two individuals discussing the history of André Toulon and his puppets, while the rest of the footage is archived from earlier films.

After the events of The Final Chapter, an elderly man named Eric Weiss finds the remaining puppets (Blade, Pinhead, Jester, Tunneler, Six Shooter) and cares for them in the basement of the Inn. Weiss is then discovered by a rogue agent, Maclain, who wants the secret element to Toulon's formula. Weiss explains that he knew Toulon before his death, but the original Puppet Master never fully shared his secrets with him. He suggests to the rogue agent that she visit Rick Myers, who possesses Toulon's diary. Maclain responds that she has already visited Myers, and killed him when he did not cooperate. Now the book is useless since it burst into flames as she read it. Weiss explains that all he has left from Toulon is his puppets, his formula, and audio recordings conducted by Toulon himself. The recordings tell of Toulon's many adventures from his time as a young man (Retro) to the death of his beloved wife during WWII (Toulon's Revenge). Weiss then reveals to Maclain that his real name is Peter Hertz, the boy who was saved by Toulon in Toulon's Revenge. Weiss states that he believes that Toulon only killed those who deserved to die, but Maclain brings up the murders of the parapsychologists from the original film and II. After a heated argument over whether Toulon was good or bad, Weiss plays another tape recording from Rick Myers, which tells about Sutek's attempt to steal the elixir formula to kill the Puppet Master (4 and The Final Chapter).

Seeing that there is one last recording, Maclain demands that Weiss play it. The recording talks about the legacy of Toulon's secret: even after his supposed death, there's always someone new who discovers it, always someone who does not fully understand what a gift, or a curse, the formula becomes for the puppets (Curse). After playing the recording, Pinhead throws a mallet at Maclain's head and Weiss shoots her in the heart with her own gun. Maclain, minutes away from death, reveals that she was hired by the puppets because all of the puppet masters that followed in Toulon's footsteps created immortals whose souls were trapped in wooden bodies, living every day in agony, wanting revenge on their Puppet Master. After Maclain's death, Weiss hears something behind him, turns around, and sees an unknown figure off-screen. He takes aim and fires. Then the screen goes to black and a note appears: “The producers would like to thank all the cast and crew that helped make the Puppet Master series a tremendous success over the years, ending the series with the puppets themselves to fight off the Puppet Masters' unholy creations”.

Puppet Master vs. Demonic Toys
The film takes place in 2004; Robert Toulon, great-nephew of original Puppet Master André Toulon, brings the puppets back to life with the help of his daughter Alex. They are soon pursued by a mysterious toymaking syndicate that seeks the Toulon's reanimation formula to turn their line of dolls into vicious killers on Christmas Eve.

Puppet Master: The Littlest Reich
The Littlest Reich was in production at the same time as Axis Termination. The producers have said that this movie takes place in a parallel universe which explains why André Toulon is an evil Nazi this time rather than opposed to the Third Reich.

Puppet Master: Doktor Death
A young woman named April Duval from California moved to a small mysterious town in an effort to search for a secret person. She started working as a nurse at the Shady Oaks Senior Living nursing home where she was warm welcomed by Dr. Lantmen, Carmen and their team. Her first day started bad as she witnessed resident Maximilian Cuda's corpse being carried out on a stretcher, but she kept high spirits and became a hard working and caring nurse and bonded well with all the residents. Her first duty was to clean out Max's old belongings, as he had no living relatives and it is here that she meets her co-workers Ryan, Flynn and Jennifer.

Ryan and April immediately start getting very close and it looks like they are both having strong feelings to each other, which makes Flynn jealous. The two of them find an old treasure chest with a padlock on it in Max's belongings and they decide to open it up. Inside they find a mysterious antique Dr. Death skull puppet and Flynn takes it for his own as he plans to sell it at an auction. During this time April starts to read a book on haunted dolls and companionship with them, as she has a bizarre curiosity of befriending a haunted doll, but she keeps this hobby of hers secret from everyone else.

During her stay at the hotel there is several deaths, but her team assure her that the residents died of natural causes. At one point she is startled by seeing the deceased resident Dorothy Beaumont looking in through the window at her, which could not be possible as she was dead. This caused April to faint and have horrific dreams about the Dr. Death puppet being alive. April would notice that the puppet would be in different places all the time, but she would assume it was either Flynn fooling around or Dorothy, who was a kleptomaniac, who was just stealing it all the time.

After more extremely violent and bloody deaths start to transpire, it is clear that the residents are not dying of natural causes and there is a murder among them, so April demands Ryan to break the padlock off of Flynn's locker to see if there is any evidence to tie him to the murders, as she had a strong theory that he was the one behind it, but this is debunked when all they find is keys to his car's trunk and when opening the trunk they find Flynn in the back dying. During this time Dr. Death has embarked on a killing spree and killed every resident and staff member at the nursing home, apart from April and Ryan. Dr. Death then scalps the face off of Dr. Lantmen's corpse and turns his face into a literal skull, and then climbs inside of his internal organs and pulls on his tendons and controls his corpse like a large puppet. He has done this before with Dorothy, which is how April as able to see her in the window a few nights prior.

The night of horror comes to an end on an extreme thunderstorm, when Dr. Death in Dr. Lantmen's body attacks Flynn, but April uses a defibrillator to temporarily deactivate the monstrous body. After this Flynn is instantly killed when checking for a pulse on Dr. Lantmen's corpse and Dr. Death stabs through it with a scalpel into his forehead. Dr. Death then gets ready to finish off April as his last victim, but she demands him to stop, which shocks him as he was expecting her to be scared. April then reveals her secret that she is Duval's great-great-granddaughter and she has been searching for him for years. Duval is Dr. Death's human soul and this causes him to remember who he used to be and have flashbacks of how his puppet was conceived and memories of working with Andre Toulon at the Theatre Magique in Paris and meeting the wizard Afzel. April then proceeds to tell him that she wants to help him be reunited with the other puppets, and she grins in a very sadistic way, this makes Dr. Death laugh and spare her life and seemingly agree to go on her mission of finding his old friends.

Characters

Puppets

Reception
The most well-received Puppet Master installments are generally those released before the series' four-year hiatus. As the series was revived at a time when Full Moon Features was no longer partnered with Paramount Pictures, the studio's finances grew increasingly tight, and as a result the quality of each subsequent Puppet Master title (as well as numerous other Full Moon productions) suffered. On Rotten Tomatoes, the only three installments which have been rated by critics are Puppet Master, which has a 50% rating after 8 reviews; Puppet Master II, which has a 43% rating after 7 reviews;  The films have evidently scored much better with users, currently rating 51%, 47%.

Home media

VHS
Most Puppet Master films were originally released direct to video on VHS.

DVD
The Puppet Master films have been released on DVD in very small quantities. A box set containing the first seven installments of the series was released by Full Moon (along with a bonus disc of trailers for other Full Moon films), but was recalled shortly after. However, in 2007, Full Moon Features reacquired the rights to the first five films, and the box set has since been reissued and is available directly from Full Moon, as well as through several online retailers. The first three films were included as part of an 18-disc Full Moon Features collection, and have since been individually released as a Spanish-subtitled import collection. In 2007, Razor Digital released an uncut DualDisc version of the first film, featuring both the standard and stereoscopic versions of the film, but with very poor picture quality.
In 2012, Echo Bridge home entertainment released all 9 films in one DVD collection, while the first three films were licensed for a UK release by 88 Films.

Starting in 2010, the first Puppet Master was re-released on DVD with a new remastered widescreen transfer, while the second and third films were released with new transfers on September 18, 2012 (both individually or in a box set with the first film). The remastered editions of the fourth and fifth films were released on March 24, 2016, but only through a box set which is identical to Full Moon's original set with the bonus disc of trailers, except they also contain the remastered editions of the first 3 films (Curse of the Puppet Master and Retro Puppet Master still remain unrestored).

Blu-ray
The original Puppet Master film was released on Blu-ray in a remastered widescreen transfer on July 27, 2010. On September 18, 2012, the first three films were released on Blu-ray in a set, the second and third films also remastered in widescreen. The first 3 films have also been released on Blu-ray in the UK by 88 films.

The fourth installment was released on Blu-ray October 12, 2015, while the fifth installment was released on February 1, 2016.

In 2018, the, at the time, eleven official films in the series comprising Puppet Master through Puppet Master: Axis Termination were released as a limited edition Blu-ray set encased in a wood and metal box designed after the trunk belonging to the character of André Toulon. In addition to the films, the set contained an extra Blu-ray containing supplements related to the film series as well as a small figure of the puppet character Blade.

In early 2020, a Blu-ray box set containing the same contents as the previous set, minus the special packaging and Blade figure, was released via Full Moon's retail website.

Digital
In December 2008, Charles Band authorized the first Puppet Master film for digital download through the iTunes Store; his first foray into the digital market.

For the first time in the series, Puppet Master: Axis Termination debuted digitally on Full Moon's Amazon channel in three parts beginning on September 15, 2017.

Streaming
As a part of Full Moon Featuress Streaming App, the entire Puppet Master catalog was made available to stream as well as the Full Moon Amazon Channel.

Merchandising
 The Puppet Master Adventure - A four-issue comic book limited series written and drawn by Australian comicbook creators Dave de Vries and Glenn Lumsden and printed by Eternity Comics. It was followed by a two-issue sequel titled Children of the Puppet Master also by de Vries and Lumsden.
 The Puppet Master Action Figures - A series of action figures produced by Full Moon Toys, and scale replicas of the series' puppets, produced by Full Moon Playthings in 1998. The action figures have since been discontinued and are now collectors items.
 The Puppet Master Model Kits- A series of model kits, of various puppets from the movie were released in 1991. Not all of the puppets were released in these scale model kits. Although they were discontinued, they have recently been re-released by Full Moon Direct.
 The Puppet Master Trading Cards - a set of collectible cards of the Pupper Master characters. Also were limited edition stickers of each of the puppets face.
 The Puppet Master Costumes - A set of Clothing and Halloween costumes of the series' puppets.
 Puppet Master (Action Lab Comics) - An ongoing comic book series written by Shawn Gabborin and published by Action Lab Comics begun in 2015. The series was an instant hit among fans and is known for its attention to detail regarding the Puppet Master lore.Puppet Master: The Game''' - A multiplayer horror video game made by October Games.

Video game

An official video game adaptation created by October Games has been in development as early as 2012.

In Baby Oopsie, exclusive gameplay was shown on a television'' screen whilst the end credits reveal the game had been officially licensed by Full Moon and was in active development.

In September 2021, Full Moon released a trailer for the game, early access for the game released in late 2022 on Steam. the free-to-play game officially released on Steam on March 1, 2023.

References

Film series introduced in 1989
Full Moon Features films
Puppet films
Horror film franchises

Films about sentient toys
Paramount Pictures direct-to-video films
Films scored by Richard Band
American film series
Sentient toys in fiction


"You're So Fine" is the title of a popular song performed by The Falcons.

Background
The song was released as a single in 1959 and reached number seventeen on the US Billboard chart.

Chart history

Covers
 Johnny Burnette's 1961 album Johnny Burnett featured the song.
 The song was recorded by Boz Scaggs for his 1965 album Boz.
 Wilson Pickett, who joined The Falcons a year after they recorded the song, used it as the B-side to his single version of "Land of a 1000 Dances", recorded in May 1966.  His version was backed by the Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section.
 Ike and Tina Turner included the song on the 1966 album River Deep - Mountain High, although the song was likely recorded prior to that year.
  A live version of the song was included as a bonus track on a rerelease of Grinderswitch's 1974 album Honest To Goodness.
 Tony Orlando used the song on his 1978 album Tony Orlando.
 Rita Coolidge covered the song on her 1978 album Love Me Again.

References

1959 singles
1959 songs


The following is a list of characters on the Nickelodeon sitcom True Jackson, VP. This article has character summaries. For an episode list, see List of True Jackson, VP episodes.

Main characters

True Jackson
True Jackson (Keke Palmer) is a 15-year-old girl who was hired by Max Madigan as a Vice President (VP) for Mad Style's Youth Apparel. True is constantly getting into sticky situations that nearly end in her getting fired. Amanda, another VP, is constantly trying to get True fired. True loves to help people, especially Max, even if it may cost her job. She has a huge crush on the company mailman, Jimmy; he also has feelings for her, but she does not know it until the second season. They tried dating, but Mr. Madigan made a rule against co-workers dating, so they decided to stay friends until Jimmy started spending time with the new mail room girl at Mad Style. This caused True to get jealous and reveal that she still has feelings for him. Because of this, Jimmy admitted that he also still has feelings for True and they share a kiss, thus making it evident that they are officially a couple. They remained boyfriend and girlfriend through the remainder of the series. Her catchphrase is "(You/she/he) (said/was/did) what now?", although throughout the series other characters say that as well. True is smart, funny, and hardworking. She also tells many unusual stories about her family. True is not a very good cook, but is convinced that everybody loves her cooking. She speaks fluent Icelandic in the episode "True Takes Iceland" and she can also speak fluent Swahili because her mother was born in Ghana while her father was born in New York City (as revealed in the episode "True Intrigue").

Lulu
Lulu (Ashley Argota) is one of True's best friends; they met at space camp. Lulu is incredibly smart in school, but is known not to think things through. One of her best subjects is math. She became True's assistant in the first episode after True fired the previous one, Cricket. It turns out she is a good stock investor, buying one company which was then merged to another company, resulting in a tripled stock price. She also invested in a company called "Glertokk" (a company she picked because the funny name made her smile) which went up thirty stock points a day later. She thinks that other Mad Style employees consider her to be dumb. Lulu is shown to have a fear of birds, mentioned in "Company Retreat" and shown in "The Wedding". One of her catch phrases is "Not even!" or "Boom!". She is dating Mikey J. She is part of the school band, as a triangle player. She can sometimes overreact. On one episode True was forced to fire her but then Lulu proved to True that she was a trusted assistant. According to Ashley Argota in a message from her Twitter account, Lulu does not have a last name.

Ryan Laserbeam
Ryan Leslie Laserbeam (Matt Shively) is another one of True's best friends. Ryan and True became friends when Ryan put gum in True's hair and True got revenge by telling him that every time he blinked, a bird died. He held his eyes open for 40 minutes and then passed out. Despite not actually working at Mad Style, he is often found in True's office. He gets a job to work as their website editor (a person who makes their web pages and updates it every few days). He also mentions he has keys to most of the offices. He also was Amanda's assistant, only Amanda did not know. If he has his eyes closed for more than five seconds, he falls asleep. He has somewhat of an obsession with video games, but has also been beaten by True's dog Hercules. Ryan is known to have a strong obsession for carrots. His catch phrases are "Oh, come on!!" and "That's Ridonkulous!!". Ryan seems to be a skilled gymnast (such as in the episode "My Boss Ate My Homework" where Ryan becomes a cheerleader), but he is a klutz, and gets hurt and does some clumsy things in almost every episode.

Amanda Cantwell
Amanda Cantwell (Danielle Bisutti) is another VP for Women's Wear and True's frenemy. She is constantly trying to get True fired, and sometimes picks on her. Amanda wants to turn True's office into a gym or closet. On some occasions, however, True and Amanda may work together on things, with Amanda even giving True advice. Amanda seems to be a complete "suck up" to their boss Max, and is the only person in Mad Style who calls him Max. She is allergic to hazelnuts and goats. Usually because of her plans of getting True fired backfire, many unfortunate things happen to her, such as her dress falling off while she is modeling it, and having to feed True and her friends ice cream in a chicken suit. In the episode "True Matchmaker", it is revealed that she (as well as Oscar) is addicted to a soap opera called Space Plantation. She usually snorts like a pig when she is laughing. She was engaged to baseball player Brock Champion in the episode "True Valentine", however they did not get married in the series finale "Mystery in Peru", due to Amanda reverting to a little girl after falling in a fountain of youth.

Jimmy Madigan
Tiberius Jimmy Jeeves Madigan (Robbie Amell) is Max's nephew. He is the mailman at Mad Style, and seems to have a rather unhealthy obsession with mail, postage, stamps, and all mail-related things. True has a major crush on him. It is seen he likely returns True's feelings for him and likes her as more than just a friend, as he has helped her multiple times. Despite their feelings, they can not date each other due to company rules. Those rules were later overturned and they began dating in the latter part of season 2. Jimmy also played the drums in a band called Fire & Ice (formerly known as Diarrhea), though it was later revealed that the band split up due to a bad performance. In the episode "True Drive", it was revealed by Jimmy's astronaut father that his birth name is actually Tiberius. He was recurring in 13 episodes in season 1, and appears as a main character in season 2. Amell is only credited in the episodes he appears in.

Oscar
Oscar (Ron Butler) is the receptionist of Mad Style. He is the one who tells True when she is late for a meeting. He is very calm and gives good advice. He always seems to know what everyone is doing. He is always making lemon squares, which True and the others enjoy. He, like Amanda, is obsessed with the soap opera Space Plantation. He has a sister named Kreuflva and a brother that is the receptionist at The Pentagon. In "The Wedding", it is shown that Oscar has good hearing, being able to hear True and Lulu whispering from a little distance. He has been a vegetarian for 18 years, but will eat anything that Jimmy grills, even if it has meat in it. Like Lulu, his last name has never been revealed. He appeared in all 26 episodes in Season 1 and appears as a main character in Season 2, but starting with the second season, Butler is only credited in the opening credits of episodes he appears in.

Max Madigan
Max Madigan (Greg Proops) is the CEO of Mad Style. He hired True when he saw that she had tweaked his clothing into something she liked. He seems to have a big hatred of Kopelman, possibly because he laughed at one of his earlier designs back in the 1980s on live television. He marries his girlfriend, Doris, at the end of season 1. Max was a recurring character in season 1 and is a main character as of season 2. Proops is credited in the opening credits only for the episodes he appears in. In the series finale, he retires as his wife Doris is expecting a child, and lets True take over as CEO. Max is also known as Mr. Madigan.

Recurring characters

Kopelman
Kopelman (Dan Kopelman) is a worker at Mad Style who Max (and sometimes random people and coworkers) dislikes for no reason. The main reason that Max dislikes Kopelman is possibly that he laughed at one of Max's designs in 1982 or 1983. Even though he never talks, he is always accused of doing something wrong and is often told to leave the room, or go home. Kopelman has a nephew that looks just like him that only appeared in the episode "House Party". Max told him to leave the party's meeting. Kopelman loves to eat food, and he is somewhat always near food or associated with food, particularly candy. In the episode "True's New Assistant", he is supposedly attacked by Max's white tiger, which was drawn to him by the smell of meat from the sandwich that Kopelman was eating. He survived, due to him being seen in later episodes. Kopelman bought a new bow tie in the episode "Flirting with Fame", and he seems to like it very much. In all his appearances on the series, Dan Kopelman, who also serves as one of the show's writers and executive producers, is credited simply as "Kopelman". In the series finale, he becomes the only adult employee at Mad Style, due to True running the company after Max's retirement.

Mikey J
Mikey J (Trevor Brown) is Lulu's on and off boyfriend. He once had a house party at his house which True, Lulu, and Ryan were invited to. In the episode "House Party," he was worried about food more than he was with Lulu. In that same episode it is shown that his dad is strict as he did not want anyone to sit on a particular chair. He has a tendency to say "I don't really know how it works" and "that's cool" very frequently. As stated in the episode "True Concert", Mikey J is in the gifted program at school and is involved with many school activities such as student council, band, lacrosse and much others. He did not know how to dance but True taught him how to in "The Dance". He shares his first kiss with Lulu in the series finale.

Kelsey
Kelsey (Jordan Monaghan) is Ryan's on and off girlfriend and she is often asked out by him. It is hinted in the episodes "True Valentine" and "Testing True" that she might have the same feelings, and chooses to spurn Ryan's advances in order to see what he will do next. She saved Ryan's life in "True Valentine". In the same episode, Jimmy thought that she and Ryan were dating and she did not seem to mind. She also thought Ryan looked hot during a modeling job in the episode "Trapped in Paris". She is recurring in season 2, whereas she was only seen sparingly in season 1.

Ms. Park
Ms. Patti Park (Joy Osmanski) is True's strict teacher. Her first appearance was in "Testing True". In "True Drama", she says that she is the janitor, lunch lady, and is in the Drama Club. In different episodes, every time someone misbehaves, she says that they have detention. She also briefly dated Mr. Jamerson, True's science teacher in "True Valentine". She even gave Mr. Madigan detention once after he accidentally swallowed True's flash drive in "My Boss Ate My Homework". True and Lulu imply that she can "do anything".

Doris Madigan
Doris Madigan (née Aidem) (Melanie Paxson) is the school librarian that True introduces to Max. She falls in love with Max. Max proposes to her later in the first season but Doris initially declines his proposal, though states she wants him to propose to her when on a lawnchair on the side of the roof, but he declines and tries to make a mannequin that looks like him do it but it falls over so he has to do it. Max eventually chooses to propose the way Doris wanted him to, but accidentally flies in the air prematurely because the balloons attached to the lawn chair end up lifting him in the air. Max and Doris had their wedding in a zoo. Her cousin is Al Gore. She cannot see without glasses though she has been seen without them on and being able to see. She moves every six months to a different house so she does not feel cramped in one place. She does this with other things too. She can also be hyper, as seen in the episode "The Wedding".

Shelly
Shelly (Taylor Parks) is another best friend of True's. The two have known each other since they were little, but had not seen each other for a while since she started working at Mad Style. In the episode "House Party", Shelly says to True that she has changed since she worked at Mad Style and that it seems like she is too busy to hang out with her anymore. True tells her that she is still the same person that she has always been and, after Mr. Madigan tells her to cut back on work after it interferes too much with her social life, she and Shelly reconnect. Shelly is also invited to True's slumber party in "Pajama Party", where she discusses that she had a dream about her and Mikey J. dating, which makes Lulu angry. Lulu tries to wonder why Shelly has feelings about her boyfriend, but Shelly just tells Lulu that it was only a dream and she does not have those feelings for Mikey J. In the episode "Class Election", True and Shelly team up and run for Class president and Vice president for their class, against Mikey J./Lulu and Kyle Sandbox/Kelsey.

Hibbert
Hibbert (Stephen Hibbert) is another employee at Mad Style. He does not talk that much though but seems to agree with True a lot. In "Amanda Hires a Pink", Ryan thinks Hibbert is a spy. Hibbert reveals he is a lawyer in "True Fear" when he threatens to sue Jimmy for taking his burrito.

Mr. Jamerson
Mr. Jeff Jamerson (Vincent Ventresca) is True's science teacher. He was the temporary assistant in "True's New Assistant" and dated Ms. Park in "True Valentine". He also appeared in the episode "Principal for a Day".

Ella
Ella (Jo-Anne Krupa) (often referred to as Ella from accounting) was first mentioned in the pilot, but first appears in the episode "True's New Assistant" when Ryan injures her and sends her to the hospital. Ryan also eats most of her Get Well Soon Cookie and several tubs of applesauce in trying to keep her company. True's assistant for a week is her science teacher, Mr. Jamerson, while Lulu fills in for Ella in accounting, doing all of her work in no time at all and solving a complex equation that is upside down. She is usually seen tap dancing and speaks with an English accent.

Guest characters
Chad Brackett (Stephen Dunham) was Amanda's boyfriend in "Telling Amanda" and ex-boyfriend in "The Reject Room". He cheated on her with an attractive blonde and did not really love her. At the end Chad comes to True's house and says he knows Amanda is there. She throws up on him, as a result of eating too much of True's vile pudding pie, which "tastes kind of earthy, like a chocolate swamp".
Amanda "Pinky" Turzo (Jennette McCurdy) is the leader of a clique at True's school called "The Pinks". She claims True's office "looks like a rainbow that threw up". When Amanda discovers that Pinky makes True distracted, she hires her as her assistant. Pinky also annoys Amanda by touching items in Amanda's office. "The Pinks" usually all say "hello" sarcastically after commenting on somebody. She appeared in 2 episodes,  "Amanda Hires a Pink" (season 1) and "True Drama" (season 2).
Cammy (Allie DeBerry) is friends with Pinky and part of "The Pinks" at True's school. She is just as self-centered as Pinky but with levels.
Cricket (Suzy Nakamura) was True's first assistant when True was hired. She turned out to think True was too young and naive to handle her job, and eventually was fired by True.
Coral Barns (Yvette Nicole Brown) was a replacement assistant for Amanda after she fired her previous assistant Abigail Barns, Coral's sister. Coral sought revenge and fed Amanda mints loaded with caffeine until she would go mad.
Jobi Castanueva (Ian Gomez) is the overseer of Fashion Week and was formerly one of Amanda's assistants. She treated him poorly and told him he would never make it in the fashion business, and as a result he refused to allow Mad Style into Fashion Week. This led to True sneaking her outfit in to the Young Designers Showcase.
Simon Christini (Andy Richter) is Max's rival in the fashion business. He and Max used to own Christini and Madigan Fashion Co. before they split. He tried to lure True to his company in order to hurt Max. After being advised by Amanda, True decided to stay at Mad Style. He and Max compete in extreme versions of regular games, such as playing live chess with the employees of their respective company playing the roles of the chess pieces. It is briefly implied that he plans to take over the world with a "Zombie Army".
Dakota North (Nathalia Ramos) is a famous celebrity who appeared in the episode Babysitting Dakota. She appeared to be cruel and mean at first, but after meeting True, she turned out to be misunderstood and actually very nice.
Dave, or "The Turk" (David Anthony Higgins) was Amanda's lazy assistant who was later fired. He is also a skateboarding champion with the nickname "The Turk".
Rose Pinchbinder (Julie Warner) is the very mean Mad Style accountant. She gets mad at True for using her credit card on nonsense but later excuses it for True being nice to her and holding the elevator for her. She gets mad at Amanda, Oscar, and Kopelman as well for buying nonsense things. She is said to be so mean she gives Amanda nightmares.
Justin Webber (Tyler James Williams) is a boy who joins True's school but does not reveal his identity as a famous rapper. True realizes his true identity and grows a major crush on him. At the end of the episode, Justin has to leave school to begin his European tour a month early and True breaks up with him.
Justin Bieber appears in the first episode of season 2, "True Concert", as himself. He is hired to sing his hit single "One Time", but is injured before going on stage. True then gets Care Bears on Fire as a replacement act.
Care Bears on Fire appears in "True Concert" as themselves.
John Cena appears in "Pajama Party" as himself. Ryan and Jimmy attend a screening of his movie and end up attending Cena's many other events, such as being on set while watching him shoot a scene for his next movie and taking part of a Hockey game with him and fellow celebrities. It turns out to be just a dream Ryan had as he was sleeping.
Vivian (Victoria Justice) appears in "True Crush". She shows up at Mad Style on the night of the Last Minute Ball. When she goes to the Last Minute Ball with Jimmy, True becomes upset, but in the end admits that Vivian is still really nice. In "The Dance", Jimmy reveals that he and Vivian broke up.
Prince Gabriel (Nathan Kress) appears in "True Royal". He is a young prince for whom True designs a tuxedo, and he has a butler.
Officer Jake Hooley (Kevin Farley) is a klutzy police officer who appeared in the episodes "Max Mannequin", "True Date" and "Ditch Day". In "True Date", he handcuffed Ryan's left wrist to Jimmy because they did not buy tickets at the subway train station. In "Ditch Day", he played a mall cop.
Brock Champion (Andrew Larkin, uncredited) is a model who appears for a photo shoot in the episode "True Dance". In the episode, Amanda likes him, but True does not. He appears as the baseball player for Peruvian baseball league in the episode "True Valentine". Brock and Amanda became engaged in that episode, however they did not get married in the series finale "Mystery in Peru", due to Amanda reverting to a little girl after falling in a fountain of youth.
Principal Ruckman (Michael Rockwell, uncredited) appears in various episodes. He is True's principal and dislikes Ryan pranking, as seen in the episode "Little Buddies".

References

Fictional characters from New York City
Fictional people in fashion
Lists of sitcom television characters


Passyunk may refer to:
Passyunk Township, Pennsylvania
Passyunk Square, Philadelphia
Passyunk Avenue Bridge


John Hawksby is an English former professional footballer who played as a winger for Leeds United, Lincoln City, and York City in the 1960s.

Club career
Born York, Yorkshire, Hawksby made his debut for Leeds United, aged 18, in August 1960 and scored in each of his first two games, which were to be the only two goals that he scored for Leeds. He played for Leeds during an unsettled period for the club, including the 1961–62 season in which Leeds battled against relegation to the Third Division. His place in the team was taken by Albert Johanneson for the 1962–63 season and he made only nine further first team appearances before joining Lincoln City in August 1964. He then joined York City during the 1965–66 season.

International career
Hawksby was capped by the England national youth team in 1959 while a Leeds  player.

References
General

Specific

1942 births
Living people
Footballers from York
English men's footballers
England men's youth international footballers
Men's association football wingers
Leeds United F.C. players
Lincoln City F.C. players
York City F.C. players
English Football League players


Oiceoptoma noveboracense is a member of the family Silphidae, or carrion beetles, which feed on decaying organic matter such as dead animals. Its common name is the margined carrion beetle, from the orange-red margins on the pronotum, which are helpful when identifying this species. The larva is typically light brown to red and also has vertical ridges on its thorax like the adult. This diurnal beetle can be found mainly in the spring into the fall, and it has a strong preference towards a deciduous forest habitat. The primary forensic importance of this beetle is its ability to use the succession of insect fauna to provide confirmation of postmortem intervals.

Taxonomy
Oiceoptoma noveboracense's Latin specific name means "pertaining to New York" (Latin Novum Eboracum + -ensis), referring to the original source of the type specimen.  Although less common, some literature will refer to the species as Oiceoptoma noveboracensis.  The genus Oiceoptoma was described by the English naturalist, William Elford Leach, in 1815.

Description
Oiceoptoma noveboracense larvae range from light brown to dark reddish in color.  The larvae are typically flat and trilobite-like in appearance.  They are capable of moving locations during their development.

The adults average from  long. The middle of the pronotum (dorsal side, first segment of the thorax) on this beetle is dark-brown to black in color. The outer margins are outlined in a bright orange-red (salmon colored). The elytra are hardened forewings used to protect the fragile hind wings underneath. The elytra are attached to the suture that runs down the middle of the beetle's back and range from reddish brown to black. They have a distinctive tooth at the shoulder and the vertical ridges are very apparent. This elytra apex is rounded on males, whereas it is more tapered on the female body. O. noveboracense have temple regions behind their eyes that have a long line of erect setae that are of a yellowish tint and the inner tomora is a ridge-free region. The metatibiae are enlarged on the males ranging from moderate to large in size.

Life cycle
Oiceoptoma noveboracense is a diurnal species, meaning that it is primarily active during the daytime. This beetle produces one generation per year. Reproduction begins in the spring and depending on temperature it takes approximately forty-five days from the instance of mating to the emergence of the adult from the pupa. The eggs are laid in the carrion so that once they become larva they will begin to feed on their substrate. As is common with most Silphidae, the adults will typically feed on carrion as well as the larva of flies that are also feeding on the carrion.

During the springtime when mating is observable, adults are commonly found paired with the males mounted on the females. This position will be maintained for periods of time even though copulation may not be occurring at that instant. Typically, males will firmly take hold of the female’s antennae with their mandibles in order to position themselves for sexual activity. Once copulation is achieved the male will release the female’s antenna and begin to slide backward onto the female’s elytra. He will then begin to use his antennae to stroke the pronotum of the female. Again the male searches for and grabs the female’s antennae and this series of events is repeated. This activity will occur frequently until the female oviposits.  Males have not been seen to be sexually active when the eggs and/or instar larvae are present at the carcass. This behavior suggests that the males might use this time to insure paternity of the offspring of the particular female with which he mated.

Distribution and habitat
Oiceoptoma noveboracense is most commonly found in deciduous forests or in grasslands and fields.  It will less frequently inhabit marshes.  When the species is found in a marsh, the area is typically prone to seasonal inundation.  This causes the marsh to superficially resemble a dried field habitat.

O. noveboracense is found from the Atlantic coast of the Northeastern United States, extending along the northern edge of the prairies west to the Rocky Mountains.  It may be present as far south as Texas.

Importance

Forensic
Due to its widespread distribution, Oiceoptoma noveboracense is frequently found on carrion and associated crime scene investigations. They are currently used to substantiate and support insect colonization timelines and help estimate Post-mortem interval (PMI). Arriving variably after initial insect colonizers (flies), the adults will prey on fly maggots and rarely feed on the carrion. They can also be found in the later stages of decomposition depending on variables like temperature, climate, and location of the carrion.  Ultimately, if found, these beetles corroborate the PMI data of the more useful insect colonizers with succession-pattern-based information.

Medical
The medical importance of Oiceoptoma noveboracense has yet to be substantially determined. However, a study has found its hindgut, midgut, and associated hemolymph can potentially harbor known opportunistic bacterial pathogens.  Of these opportunistic pathogens, the majority of the identified bacteria were either coliform or staphylococci.

Current and future research
Previous research investigated the seasonal activity and habitat preferences of this necrophagous beetle. Overall it has been observed that this Silphid species prefers the forest environment and warmer months.

The ability of O. noveboracense to transmit microorganisms has also been researched. In one study it was confirmed that medically true bacteria were found in the midgut, hindgut, and associated hemolymph. Even though these bacteria were isolated, it is only hypothesized that they may serve as a reservoir host. Further research could determine whether O. noveboracense is able to actually transmit the bacteria present. More succession studies may be able to narrow the time frame at which this beetle is attracted to carrion.

References

External links
 Species Oiceoptoma noveboracense
 Oiceoptoma noveboracense margined carrion beetle

Silphidae
Beetles of North America
Beetles described in 1771
Taxa named by Johann Reinhold Forster


The Grue is a torrent in north-west Italy, a right tributary of the Scrivia, whose  course lies entirely within the Province of Alessandria, Piedmont.

The river’s source is at Bocchetta del Barillaro, at an elevation of  close to the watershed with the Val Borbera. The river follows a tortuous course through the Ligurian Apennines, and between the hills of Tortona, before entering the Po plain at Viguzzolo. From here its path is straighter and it debouches into the Scrivia near Castelnuovo Scrivia at  above sea level.

The communes through whose territory the Grue passes are Dernice, Garbagna, Avolasca, Casasco, Montemarzino, Montegioco, Cerreto Grue, Sarezzano, Viguzzolo, Berzano di Tortona, Tortona, and Castelnuovo Scrivia.

References
The initial version of this article was a translation from :it:Grue (torrente), its counterpart in the Italian Wikipedia.

Rivers of Italy
Rivers of the Province of Alessandria


Santa Teresa la Antigua is a former convent located in the historic center of Mexico City on Licenciado Primo de Verdad #6 just northeast of the city's main plaza. The complex ceased to be a convent in the latter part of the 19th century and has housed the Santa Teresa la Antigua Alternative Art Center since 1989.

History of the convent

The impetus behind the establishment of the convent occurred in 1613 when the ship carrying archbishop Juan Pérez de la Serna ran into a storm that threatened to destroy it. The archbishop promised Saint Teresa of Ávila to establish a Carmelite monastery if she would allow him to reach New Spain safely. Once securely on land, he convinced sisters Inés Castillet and Mariana de la Encarnación, heiresses of the plantations of Juan Luis de Riveral, to finance the project. The convent also had a number of other wealthy contributors, such as the Marquise of Guadalcazar.

Much of the convent was built in eight months, and the order was established in 1616; it was first known as the San José de las Carmelitas Descalzas convent. However, popularly the complex became known as “Santa Teresa la Antigua.”

Much of the facility was built with the intention of allowing public access, except for certain areas reserved for the nuns. The order was an austere one, as it followed the Spanish Discalced Carmelites tradition of  writer and nun Teresa Zepeda y Ahumada. Unlike many other convents of the time, it had no servants or other help other than girls aspiring to be admitted into the order.

The convent's church was rebuilt in 1684 by Captain Esteban de Molina and was renamed officially as “Nuestra Señora de la Antigua.”  Much of the complex was rebuilt by Antonio Gonzalez Velazquez  and the chapel of Señor de Santa Teresa was dedicated in 1813.  Paintings by the Spanish artist Rafael Ximeno y Planes were added at this time.  An earthquake demolished the dome and the apse, taking with them the paintings done by Ximeno. Reconstruction, replacing the older dome with a double-vaulted one,  took thirteen years. New paintings were done by Juan Cordero.

Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz once lived here, but due to her fragile health and the austere conditions of the order, she soon moved to another convent nearby in the city. The convent also served as a prison for Josefa Ortiz de Dominguez, one of the earliest conspirators for Mexican Independence.

In 1863, the convent was closed and the complex was converted to secular use. It served as military barracks, a school for teachers, as the home of the National University, the print shop of the government news agency and as the archive of the Secretary of Finance. In 1989, the convent was rededicated as the Ex-Santa Teresa Alternative Art Center, specializing in performance art as well as static pieces. A non-profit organization dedicated to collecting alternative art was founded in 1993 here.

Building's notable features

The facade inclines noticeably backwards, which is due to the uneven sinking of the building into the soft soil underneath Mexico City, and is divided by buttresses.

The convent has two identical Baroque portals. Both the first and second stories appear to be adorned with Solomonic columns, but the columns on the second floor are really smooth helixes. The window frame facing the street is profusely decorated and includes anagrams of the names of the Virgin Mary, Saint Joseph and Saint Joachim.

The exterior contains sixteen Corinthian columns and there is a dome with stained-glass windows.

Murals
After the building was repaired from an 1845 earthquake, its wall murals were repainted by Juan Cordero. The walls contain paintings named "The Christ of Saint Theresa," and "Saint Matthew."

The cupola dome interior's mural, above the stained-glass windows, was painted by Juan Cordero with an image of "God, the Father" surrounded by images representing virtues.

See also
List of colonial churches in Mexico City

References

Museums in Mexico City
Arts in Mexico City
Contemporary art galleries in Mexico
Roman Catholic churches in Mexico City
Historic center of Mexico City
Murals in Mexico
19th-century murals
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1616
1616 establishments in New Spain
1863 disestablishments in Mexico
Art museums established in 1989
1989 establishments in Mexico
Catholic Church in Mexico
Spanish Colonial architecture in Mexico
17th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Mexico


Talvat (, also Romanized as Ţalvat, Talūt, and Tolūt) is a village in Babol Kenar Rural District, Babol Kenar District, Babol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,040, in 266 families.

References

Populated places in Babol County


Nathaniel Lichfield (29 February 1916 – 27 February 2009) was a British urban and environmental planner who played a key role in the development of the 1960s new towns. In 1962 he founded the planning consultancy, Nathaniel Lichfield Associates (now Lichfields). His contributions extended over more than 60 years, continuing long after his retirement from University College London (UCL) in 1978. He was recognised by the Royal Town Planning Institute with a lifetime achievement award in 2004.

Biography
Nathaniel Lichfield was born to Jewish immigrants from Poland, Hyman Lichman and Fanny (née Grecht), in the East End of London. The family home was shared with relatives where no English was spoken. He suffered from poor eyesight forcing him to sit at the front bench at school and he was advised to avoid reading books. Despite this he ignored medical advice and at the age of 13 he won the top academic prize and the Victor Ludorum cup at the Raine's Foundation School, in Bethnal Green, East London.

Lichfield suffered from tuberculosis and this forced him to leave school. Two years of recuperation were required before he took a job in a local estate agency where strenuous work that would aggravate his condition was unnecessary. He found the work intellectually unchallenging and left for a full-time job with Davidge and Partners, a town-planning consultancy. During this period he also took evening classes in estate management. He later studied for a BSc degree in the subject and subsequently received a fellowship at the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors.

In the 1930s he became deeply involved with the socialist and anti-fascist movement in the East End. He participated in the Battle of Cable Street against Oswald Mosley's Blackshirts in October 1936. Poor health however prevented him from joining the International Brigades in the Spanish Civil War and from undertaking military service in the WWII.

His pioneerings PhD thesis and subsequently the book based on it, The Economics of Planned Development (1956), was a study of the economic evaluation of planning projects. This formed the foundation for his subsequent work on social cost-benefit analysis. This breakthrough work came before the first applications of cost-benefit to transport planning in the late 1950s and early 1960s and therefore made him a leading presence in this field.

Lichfield was also involved in local government, working in municipal engineering and planning. From there he moved to central government and the Ministry of Town and Country Planning (From 1951 this was renamed the Ministry of Housing and Local Government). Within the ministry Lichfield became a leading member of a small group that worked to accelerate the pace of change towards the findings of the Schuster report of 1950, which recommended transformation of planning education through inclusion of the social sciences of economics, geography and sociology. In the early 1950s he was also a founder-member of the Land Use Society, a discussion and dining club of civil servants, academics and private-sector developers. Later in 1965, he played a similar role in helping to launch the Regional Studies Association, which promoted research in new disciplines and their application to planning practice.

In 1959–60 Lichfield took leave from the ministry to become a postdoctoral research fellow at the University of California, Berkeley. There he further developed some of the key ideas from his PhD to the form of the Planning Balance Sheet, which was later retitled Community Impact Evaluation.

In 1962 he founded the consultancy partnership, Nathaniel Lichfield Associates (now Lichfields), which became an almost indispensable part of many professional planning teams in the period of British planning covering the construction of the second wave of new towns, including Milton Keynes and Peterborough, in the late 1960s.

In 1962 University of California offered him a full professorship in the College of Environmental Design. He received a rival offer from the Wharton School of Finance at the University of Pennsylvania. He chose however to return to work in Britain when Richard Llewelyn-Davies, the founder of the Bartlett School of Architecture and Design at University College London offered him a Professorship there.

In 1966 he was also appointed to the new chair in the Economics of Environmental Planning at UCL.

Returning to Britain in his new position allowed him to pursue his research and teaching at UCL in parallel with the development of his specialist consultancy, Nathaniel Lichfield Associates. Together with other leading academics he played an important role in the planning of Milton Keynes. He was also involved the creation of the original masterplan for Peterborough new town, which was headed by the young master-planner Tom Hancock.

In the late 1960s and early 70s, Lichfield combined his parallel academic and professional responsibilities with a variety of public roles. He served as the president of the Royal Town Planning Institute in 1966. He also served as:
 Chairman of the planning committee of the Social Science Research Council;
 A member of the Urban Motorways Committee; and,
 A member of the South East Economic Planning Council.

In 1968 he was invited by Israel's Ministry of Housing and Development to advise on the countries approach to planning (within the 1948 borders). His week-long visit was managed by the minister's planning adviser, Dalia Kadury.
The following year, following the death of Lichfield's first wife, Rachel Goulden, he and Dalia were married.

In the 1990s he was a member of the Council of the Urban Villages Forum. There he helped to develop key ideas that proved influential, not only in Britain – to the development concept at Poundbury, in Dorset – but more widely in the United States, in the New Urbanist movement. He founded a new partnership, Lichfield Planning, with his wife Dalia in 1992.

In his later years he served on the following boards:
 Council for National Academic Awards (as a member of its estate management, building economics and land-use board);
 Council of the Tavistock Institute of Human Relations;
 National Economic Development Office (On the shopping capacity sub-committee).

In 2002, aged 86, he received the DSc degree for his cumulative achievement from UCL.

Works
Lichfield, N.; Kettle, P. & Whitbread, N. (1975) – Evaluation in the Planning Process;
Lichfield, N.; Darin-Drabkin, H. (1980) – Land Policy in Planning
Lichfield, N. (1996) – Community Impact Evaluation.
 1976: with Alan Proudlove "Conservation and Traffic: A Case Study of York" York: Sessions Book Trust.(Review)

References

http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2009/mar/19/obituary-nathaniel-lichfield

External links
Raines Foundation School

1916 births
2009 deaths
English Jews
People educated at Raine's Foundation School
Presidents of the Royal Town Planning Institute
Civil servants in the Ministry of Housing and Local Government