USS Munaires (ID-2197) was a cargo ship that served in the United States Navy from 1918 to 1919.

SS Munaires was built as a commercial cargo ship at Newport News, Virginia, by Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company for the Munson Steamship Line of New York City. She was delivered to the Munson Steamship Line on 5 January 1918, but the United States Shipping Board acquired her from Munson on 10 January 1918 for World War I service. On 14 January 1918, the Shipping Board transferred her to the U.S. Navy, which assigned her the naval registry Identification Number (Id. No.) 2197 and commissioned her the same day as USS Munaires.

Assigned to the Naval Overseas Transportation Service, Munaires departed New York City on 27 January 1918 in convoy for Europe, arriving at Bordeaux, France, on 17 February 1918 to discharge her cargo of United States Army supplies. Clearing Gironde, France, on 24 April 1918, she returned to the United States East Coast, arriving at New York City on 7 May 1918.

Munaires made four more round-trip runs to French ports with U.S. Army materials, mostly corn and blankets, the last of these voyages ending at New York City on 20 December 1918.

On 7 January 1919, Munaires got underway for South America, stopping along the way at Hampton Roads, Virginia, to load coal. Arriving at La Plata, Argentina, on 12 February 1919, she unloaded her cargo and steamed back to New York City, which she reached on 4 April 1919. On 6 April 1919 Munaires was decommissioned. The Navy transferred her to the United States Shipping Board on 25 April 1919 for return to the Munson Steamship Line.

Once again SS Munaires, she operated for the Munson Steamship Line in commercial service until she was torpedoed and sunk during World War II on 28 September 1942.

Notes

References

Department of the Navy: Naval Historical Center Online Library of Selected Images:  U.S. Navy Ships: USS Munaires (ID # 2197), 1918–1919. Originally, and later, S.S. Munaires (American Freighter, 1917).
NavSource Online: Section Patrol Craft Photo Archive: Munaires (ID 2197)

World War I cargo ships of the United States
Ships built in Newport News, Virginia
1917 ships
Mundelta-class cargo ships


Thomas James John Walker (October 30, 1927 – June 6, 1998) was a Canadian provincial level politician from Alberta. He served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1975 to 1979 sitting with the governing Progressive Conservative caucus.

Political career
Walker ran for a seat to the Alberta Legislature in the 1975 Alberta general election. He defeated incumbent Leighton Buckwell in a closely contested race to pick up the Macleod electoral district for the governing Progressive Conservative party. He retired from provincial politics at dissolution of the assembly in 1979.

References

External links
Legislative Assembly of Alberta Members Listing

Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta MLAs
1927 births
1998 deaths


"You Should Be Mine (Don't Waste Your Time)" is the first single by Brian McKnight from his third studio album Anytime (1997). The song features guest vocals from Mase and contains an uncredited hook sung by Kelly Price. It reached #4 on the Billboard Hot R&B chart, and #17 on the Billboard Hot 100. It sold over 600,000 copies.

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

References

Brian McKnight songs
1997 singles
1997 songs
Songs written by Sean Combs
Mercury Records singles
Songs written by Brian McKnight
Songs written by Mase
Songs written by James Brown
Songs written by Stevie J
Songs written by Kelly Price
Hip hop soul songs


Events in the year 1835 in Norway.

Incumbents
Monarch: Charles III John

Events

 5 November - Christiania Offentlige Theater burns down.
 29 November – Population Census: Norway had 1,194,827 inhabitants.

Arts and literature

Births
15 May – Henrik Mohn, meteorologist (d.1916)

Full date unknown
Baard Madsen Haugland, politician (d.1896)
Olaf Isaachsen, painter (d.1893)
Nils Trondsen Thune, politician
August Weenaas, Lutheran minister, founding President of Augsburg University in the USA (d.1924)

Deaths
24 March – Ole Olsen Amundrød, farmer, schoolteacher and politician (b. 1771)
8 August – Jørgen Mandix, judge (b. 1759).
15 September – Henrik Carstensen, businessman, timber merchant and shipowner (b. 1753)
26 September – Nils Astrup, politician (b.1778)

Full date unknown
Diderik Hegermann, politician and Minister (b.1763)

See also

References


Mark Brake (born 31 October 1958) is a Welsh author, broadcaster and former professor of science communication at the University of Glamorgan.

Education
Brake was born at Mountain Ash, Wales, UK.  He was awarded a BSc by the University of Glamorgan and a MSc by University College Cardiff in 1988.

Public Engagement with Science
In 1999, Brake established what he described as 'the world's first science fiction degree', and in 2000, as Head of Earth and Space Sciences at The University of Glamorgan, was involved with an initiative to introduce school children to the study of astrophysics. The following year, Russian cosmonauts Commander Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Volkov and Alexandre Martynov toured Britain in a series of lectures organised by Brake's department. In 2005, Brake helped establish, and became head of, a degree in Astrobiology, described by a fellow academic as the UK's first full degree in the subject. Between 2003 and 2008, Brake was responsible for leading public engagement initiatives in science, which attracted around £5 million of funding.  The RoCCoTO project, launched in 2001, was a community-based science course for the public, featuring ideas about science and their cultural context in an instance of "Third Culture" studies.  The RoCCoTO project received a Public Engagement Award from the Astrobiology Society of Britain in 2008.  Alien Worlds, an award-winning multimedia website associated with the RoCCoTO project was launched in July 2009.  The website is an animated guide to phenomena such as eclipses of the Sun and Moon, and demonstrates Earth's place in a cosmic perspective through advanced, animated visuals. More recently, Brake has co-written and co-hosted a series of live tours with educational rapper Jon Chase, appearing at the 2012 Hay Festival with a show entitled The Science of Doctor Who, and the 2014 festival with The Science of Star Wars. Since 2016, Brake has been writing a series of 'Science of' books for Skyhorse Publishing.

False PhD Claim
In 2006, Brake submitted a grant application to the Research Councils' Procurement Organisation in which he falsely claimed to have a PhD from Cardiff University. The University of Glamorgan described this as "an isolated incident." Brake continued to work at the University of Glamorgan as a professor of science communication until 2010.<ref>"The Writers of Wales Database: Brake, Mark" , Literature Wales'</ref>

 View on Darwin

Brake has argued that Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, as expressed in his 1859 Origin of Species, was influenced by the work of Alfred Russel Wallace.  This view has been contested.

 Publications Different Engines: How Science Drives Fiction and Fiction Drives Science (2007) Futureworld: Where Science Fiction Becomes Science (2008) Revolution in Science: How Galileo and Darwin Changed Our World (2009) Introducing Science Communication: A Practical Guide (2009) Space Hoppers (2010)  Really Really Big Questions About Space and Time (2010) The Alien Hunter's Handbook: How to Look for Extraterrestrial Life (2012) Alien Life Imagined: Communicating the Science and Culture of Astrobiology (2012) Mark Brake's Space, Time, Machine, Monster (2014) How to be a Space Explorer: Your Out-of-this-World Adventure (2014) Mark Brake’s Space, Time, Machine, Monster: Dr Who Edition (2015) The Science of Star Wars (2016) The Big Earth Book (2017) The Science of Harry Potter (2017) The Science of Superheroes (2018) The Science of Science Fiction (2018) The Science of The Big Bang Theory (2019) The Science of James Bond (2020) The Science of Doctor Who'' (2021)

References

External links
Official Website

1958 births
Academics of the University of Glamorgan
Fellows of the Institute of Physics
Living people
People from Mountain Ash, Wales


Harold Elmore Bradshaw (November 5, 1898 – July 1975) was a Michigan politician.  He was a member of American Legion, Forty and Eight, Veterans of Foreign Wars, Freemasons and Elks.

Early life
Bradshaw was born to John P. H. Bradshaw and Winifred L. (Hurd) Bradshaw on November 5, 1898 in Davison, Genesee County, Michigan.  During World War I, he served in the U.S. Army.  On December 24, 1920, he was married to Retha D. Sheley.

Political life
The Flint City Commission select him as mayor in 1936 for two one-year terms.

References

1898 births
1975 deaths
Mayors of Flint, Michigan
United States Army personnel of World War I
Michigan Republicans
20th-century American politicians


Jill Alexander Essbaum (born 1971 in Bay City, Texas, United States) is an American poet, writer, and professor. Her most recent collections are the full-length manuscripts Harlot (No Tell Motel, 2007) and Necropolis (neoNuma Arts, 2008). Essbaum's poetry features puns, wordplay and dark humor, often mixed with religious and erotic imagery. She currently teaches at the University of California Riverside Palm Desert Graduate Center in the Masters of Creative Writing Graduate Program.  Essbaum's debut novel Hausfrau (Random House) was published in March, 2015.

Critical response
Publishers Weekly notes, of Hausfrau:"The realism of Anna’s dilemmas and the precise construction of the novel are marvels of the form, and Essbaum chooses her words carefully."Agha Shahid Ali wrote:

"Only the best writers put us right at the site of myth and thus assert, for us, our right to be part of the beginning and end of any world, any heaven.  That Jill Alexander Essbaum does it so quietly, so delicately, and puts herself, and us, at the center of Heaven itself leads me only to envy.  For how else can one convincingly transcend the domestic?  There is simply no self-congratulation in these poems.  Just a graceful, magical way of taking oneself - and one's bare uncertainties - for granted.

Of Essbaum's work in general, the critic G.M. Palmer, on his literary blog Strong Verse, writes,
Dancing on the edge of her words one finds despair and salvation, often in the same word. She echoes Donne and Plath and riffs on Eliot but has the precise benefit of being alive and full of our time.

Awards
 1999 Bakeless Prize
 NEA Literature Grants, 2003 and 2013

Published works

Poetry collections
 Heaven (Middlebury Press, 2000)
 Oh Forbidden (Pecan Grove Press, 2005)
 Harlot (No Tell Books, 2007)
 Necropolis (neoNuma Arts, 2008)

Chapbooks
 The Devastation (Cooper Dillon Books, 2009)

Novels
 Hausfrau (Random House, March 2015)

Anthologies
 The Bedside Guide to No Tell Motel (Lulu.com, 2006)
 The Best American Erotic Poems (Scribner 2008)

References

External links

Living people
21st-century American poets
University of California, Riverside faculty
American women poets
Christian poets
Erotic poetry
Writers from Texas
20th-century American poets
1971 births
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women writers


A Rhetoric of Irony is a book about irony by American literary critic Wayne Booth. Booth argues that in addition to forms of literary irony, there are ironies that lack a stable referent.

References

1974 non-fiction books
Books about irony


Peter Clement Moore  (4 June 1924 – 16 June 2000) was an Anglican priest who was the Dean of St Albans from 1973 to 1993.

Education and career
Moore was educated at Cheltenham College and Christ Church, Oxford. He was ordained in 1948 and was a minor canon at Canterbury Cathedral before becoming a curate at Bladon and then chaplain at New College, Oxford, vicar of Alfrick and rural dean of Pershore. His last position before his appointment to the deanery was as a canon residentiary and the sub-dean at Ely Cathedral.

Writings
His writings include:
Tomorrow is Too Late (1970)
Man, Woman and Priesthood (1978)
Footholds in the Faith (1980)
The Synod of Westminster (1985)
Sharing the Glory (1990)

Private life
Moore was a senior Freemason under the United Grand Lodge of England. He had been initiated into Freemasonry in October 1950, and died four months short of completing 50 years membership. He held the rank of Past Grand Chaplain from 1981.

References

1924 births

2000 deaths

People educated at Cheltenham College

Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford
Chaplains of New College, Oxford
Alumni of Ripon College Cuddesdon
Deans of St Albans
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Canons of Canterbury


Barbara Mary Steyning Everard (27 July 1910 – 17 June 1990) was a botanical illustrator whose work encompassed books, private commissions, botanical publications, gardening magazines, greetings cards and commemorative plates.

Early life

Barbara Beard was born the eldest daughter of three to Charles and Rosalie Beard at Telscombe Manor, Near Brighton, Sussex on 27 July 1910.

In 1936 Barbara obtained work at a fake antique business in Deans Yard in Soho, London, owned by Ernest and Walter Thornton-Smith. Here, while others copied Canalettos and minute Chinese mirror paintings, she learned the art of making fake Chinese wallpapers. Paid 30 shillings a week as a beginner, she soon rose to a senior position, being commissioned to work at Fortnum and Masons to do murals, decorate teatables and a curtain for the new Dominion Theatre in Tottenham Court Road, and touch up furniture, fabrics and gilding in the homes of the wealthy. The training she received, together with night classes at Ealing School of Art, contributed to her botanical watercolour work in later life.

During the Great Depression work dried up. In 1938 while working as a lady's companion to Lady Davis at Chilham Castle, Kent, Barbara married in secret to Raymond Wallace Everard. Shortly after their wedding her husband was appointed to an assistant-manager's job in Singapore, then part of Malaya. However, he had not told his employers he was married so Barbara was forced to stay in England, only joining him when the pressure of separation grew too much.

Malaya and the Second World War
With the outbreak of war in Europe, the couple felt that it was time to have a child. A son, Martin, was born on 7 July 1940. In February 1942, Singapore fell to the Japanese and Raymond, having joined the Malacca Volunteer Force, was taken prisoner. Barbara and Martin escaped on the last boat, the SS Duchess of Bedford to successfully evade the Japanese and returned safely to England.

Raymond survived three and a half years of being a prisoner of war, being forced to work on the Burma Railway and the infamous Bridge on the River Kwai. After a short repatriation to England to recuperate he returned to Malaya to help open up rubber plantations for Dunlop. Barbara and Martin sailed on the RMS Mauretania to join him in 1946. While living on the rubber estates around Malacca, Barbara began collecting and painting tropical plants and orchids. Estate bungalows were large, ill-decorated and with bare walls, so inspired by a friend she started painting large watercolour still lifes to fill the empty spaces. She began to exhibit at flower shows in Singapore, Malacca and Kuala Lumpur, expanding her collection of living plants and her portfolio.

Career as a botanical illustrator
Barbara returned to England with her husband in 1952, Martin having been sent to boarding school three years earlier. On her return she exhibited a collection of studies of Malayan orchids at the Royal Horticulture Hall in Vincent Square, London, and was awarded the first Grenfell Gold Medal. At later Royal Horticultural Society exhibitions she would be awarded many more.

For the next thirty years Barbara Everard embarked on a career as a commercial botanical artist, completing many private commissions of floral paintings together with illustrations on a number of coffee table books, botanical publications, gardening magazines, greetings cards and commemorative plates. One of these commissions was for Mr John Gurney at the Medici Society to paint the studies of wild flowers of Britain, a task that took ten years and resulted in around 950 plates being completed. This work, designed to be a companion to the Bentham & Hooker's Field Guide, has never been published. She also added to the family with the birth of a second son, Anthony, in 1963.

In 1975, with a Winston Churchill Travelling Fellowship, Barbara travelled back to Malaysia to create botanical paintings of endangered plant species, including the Rafflesia on Mount Kinabalu, and on completion of the project, was made a Lifetime Member of the Trust.

By the time of her death on 17 June 1990, Barbara had become one of the world's leading botanical artists.

A number of paintings and drawings have been donated to various botanical societies including some 250 plates and sketches given to the Library and Archive at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. The centenary of her birth was celebrated with an exhibition of some of her work dating from the 1950s to the 1980s at the RHS Botanic Art exhibition in March 2011, together with the publication of her autobiography, Call Them the Happy Years.

Selected bibliography

Wild Flowers of the World by Brian D Morley and published by Rainbird (1974)
Trees and Bushes of Europe and Flowers of Europe - a Field Guide by Oleg Polunin, both published by Oxford University Press
Flowers of the Mediterranean by Oleg Polunin and Anthony Huxley, published by Chatto and Windus.
Call Them the Happy Years by Barbara Everard, transcribed and edited by Martin Everard, pub. FastPrint (Peterborough ), 2011

References

External links
 Virtual gallery of selected work

Botanical illustrators
1910 births
1990 deaths
People from Lewes District
20th-century British painters


University strikes occurred in France during 2007 and 2009. Since Valérie Pécresse was appointed Minister for Higher Education and Research, the mood had been tense in the French university system. Several reform projects had led to protest movements, including that of 2009, the longest-lasting yet since 1968, still on-going after several months. It had put a heavy strain on France's political environment, even within the leading UMP party, and led to a reconsideration of the Bologna process within intellectual circles. A similar movement has simultaneously taken place in Spain.

What instigated the strike movement?

The LRU law
Shortly after Valérie Pécresse was appointed Minister for Higher Education and Research, she announced the launch of a reform that President Nicolas Sarkozy had evoked in his election program: the so-called Law for the Freedom and Responsibility of Universities ("Liberté et Responsabilité des Universités") – shortened as "LRU law" – aimed at  radically renewing French universities.

Under this legislation, budgets would no longer be allocated to individual university departments directly by the Ministry. Instead, universities would receive a lump sum, and the academic committee would then choose how to allocate funding to different departments and projects. This would also lead to an alteration in the rules regulating the committee's decisions, and the establishment of a majority voting system in both teacher categories (lecturers and professors). The Chancellor of the university would take personal responsibility for overseeing this new structure.

The purpose of the LRU law is to bring universities into line with European and Anglo-Saxon standards, in accordance with the Bologna process. With reduced bureaucracy, universities would be allowed more personal initiative. Furthermore, the draft law would enable Chancellors to enter into partnerships with private companies, thereby mobilising further funding for research. However, given that President Sarkozy has drastically reduced public spending and official posts in the public sector as part of the fundamental basis for his financial policy, enemies of the draft law consider it would lead to the neglect of universities by the State and ultimately possible privatization. The contempt displayed by Nicolas Sarkozy during his election campaign speeches when referring to humanities courses, in particular, appeared to confirm this impression, and the opposition found strong support within the Arts and Humanities faculties, whose fear of extensive neglect is equal to their lack of profitability. This is why opponents of the draft law have spoken of a "mix of feudalism (with the increase power of university management) and neoliberalism". The government, however, has argued that this is a "necessary modernization".

Initially, however, the opposition suffered a severe setback when the social-democratic student's union UNEF expressed its approval of the proposed law, once the idea of a Numerus Clausus for the Master's course had been abandoned. The law was passed by parliament during a special sitting in July, and signed into law by Nicolas Sarkozy in August (i.e. during the parliamentary recess). In October, a protest movement began in several universities, mostly in the Humanities Departments, and UNEF briefly became involved, but following the promise of the introduction of a support plan ("Plan Campus") this came to an end.

Spring and Summer 2008

Disapproval increased when Valérie Pécresse presented her plan for restructuring research. In France, the National Centre for Scientific Research (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS) plays an essential role in research. The CNRS has its own budget, but also collaborates with lecturers and professors working in the Mixed Research Units (Unités Mixtes de Recherche UMR). Despite relatively low levels of State investment, this system ranks sixth in the world according to the Shanghai Ranking (universities receive much lower marks, which has led to sharp criticism within the university community of the Ranking's impartiality and methods). The creation of the National Research Agency (Agence Nationale de la Recherche ANR), the introduction of funding for individual projects, and the restructuring of the CNRS into several specialized institutes has led to suggestions of a potential fragmentation of public means, and all the more so since Minister Valérie Pécresse suggested promoting partnerships with private sector companies, and creating special lecturer and professor posts ("Chaires d'excellence"). Research funding which is not dependent on the ANR would also be included in each university's lump sum allocation, thereby strengthening the power of both Chancellors and the Mandarins.  All this generated widespread support for anti-LRU lists at university committee elections held at the beginning of 2008. The defeat of Jean-Robert Pitte, the incumbent Sorbonne-university (Paris IV) Chancellor, thought of as a liberal-conservative, was a symbol of this dissatisfaction. A geography scholar and UMP sympathizer, he was beaten by a left-wing coalition, led by his predecessor, the Romance studies scholar Georges Molinié. In the course of 2008, anti-LRU lists became increasingly successful.

Autumn 2008: the reform draft laws on teacher training and the status of doctoral candidates and university lecturers

Within the space of a few weeks, three reforms were introduced, all of which helped to spark off a brewing crisis. None of these projects had involved negotiations or discussions with any representatives of the academic community. Education Minister Xavier Darcos, who was already caught in an impasse following the failed introduction of a reform for secondary schools (ultimately shelved), presented a plan in October that would affect the training of primary and secondary school teachers. Until that point, teachers had enjoyed the status of public servants.  They first had to successfully pass a national exam with entry quotas (numerus clauses), after which they spent a year in a university teacher training institute (Institut Universitaire de Formation des Maîtres IUFM) with numerous work placements, and finally became fully qualified teachers. There were two such exams: the CAPES (following a bachelor's degree, or more often a Master's) and the Agrégation, following a master's degree and an additional preparatory year. Those who passed the Agrégation had a direct route into Higher Education teaching. Most university lecturers, especially in humanities departments, are former Agrégés who have been awarded a doctorate. Following the reform, they would have to take a master's degree in theory of education (Master Enseignement).  Preparation for the exam would then become part of the second year's syllabus, during which there would also be work placements, in order for teachers to access teaching posts immediately after qualifying. However, the technical implementation of this plan has proved to be extremely complex, and opponents have stressed the fact that there would be many more candidates than work placements on offer. Moreover, the training they would receive in their original area of interest would suffer, since the hours of educational theory and exam preparation would leave less time available time for the coursework for the master's degree. Union members denounced the draft law as an attack against teachers' status as public servants and stated that Graduate students who failed the numerus clausus would then become "crowds of precariously employed teachers without any status". The academic community had already begun fighting this proposal, which they saw as threatening the status of French teachers. Meanwhile, Valérie Pécresse unveiled her own proposals.

The Minister for Higher Education's two proposals relate to the status of university lecturers and doctoral candidates. For doctoral candidates, a "general doctoral contract" ("Contrat doctoral unique") would be introduced.  Without this, it would become impossible to obtain a doctorate at a French university. It would therefore become much more difficult for secondary school teachers to become university lecturers. Moreover, the draft law also included a possible obligation for doctoral candidates to perform additional duties (mostly administrative tasks), without further gain, while new contracts would facilitate the introduction of trial periods, thereby allowing university chancellors to dismiss doctoral candidates more easily.

The draft law on university lecturers amended the distinction between research and teaching hours. Until now, they had been viewed as equivalent, but following the reform it would become easier for university chancellors to allocate more teaching hours to poorly rated lecturers and less time for research. The evaluation of lecturers' performance would depend on the Committee. The reform of teacher training would therefore introduce another level of exclusion for teaching and research.

Added to this was the experience of the few universities who did adopt the LRU-status on 1 January 2009, and suffered cuts in posts and funding which caused them severe problems.

Nicolas Sarkozy's 22 January 2009 speech & the outbreak of the strike

The Speech

On the 22 January, Nicolas Sarkozy gave a speech in the presence of the youngest Nobel laureate, physics researcher Albert Fert. He referred to him as exceptional in France's scientific landscape, and expressed his disapproval of most researchers, who despite not inconsiderable means, failed to achieve any significant results. He also made several mocking references to researchers. This speech was seen as a provocation, and the refusal of Minister Valérie Pécresse to revise her proposals increased tensions yet further: academic unions and many associations all called for a strike and requested that their colleagues not prepare a syllabus for the master's degree in Theory of Education before a meeting was held with the Ministry on 15 March.

On 2 February, many General Assemblies were held and the decision was made to strike. On 9 February, the date of the start of the summer semester at the Sorbonne, a General Assembly was held.  This was unexpectedly successful and led to the opening of three lecture halls for the debates. Ultimately, Chancellors from eight universities made numerous speeches in the famous Richelieu Amphitheatre and called for a strike until the withdrawal of all the proposed changes and the opening of joint negotiations on the future of the universities. In his address, Georges Molinié spoke of the "most dangerous threat to the French educational system since the end of the Vichy-regime".

Forms of action

Since 10 February, there has been a demonstration day every week. Although the numbers reported by police and union supporters have been very different, journalists have unanimously reported the presence of several tens of thousands of demonstrators. On 29 January and 19 March, researchers, lecturers and students played a massive part in the demonstrations held during both general strikes, that brought over 3 million people into the streets.

Lectures have been severely affected by the strike movement: some teachers hold lectures in public places as a form of demonstration, others are on total strike, while some continue to work normally, apart from those days when demonstrations are held. Here and there, there have been blockades which have occasionally lasted for several weeks. There have been several attempts to occupy premises like the Sorbonne, but these have so far failed, the demonstrators having been surrounded by the Police. Another form of action is the multiplication of festivals, conferences, alternative lessons and public events. A typical form of action was the symbolic burial of research in a symbolic place, the Ecole Normale Supérieure, for instance. This type of action is very prevalent in Parisian universities, especially Paris III and Paris IV (a Sorbonne-Festival took place at the end of March over several days).

The movement's symbol is the novel "The Princess of Cleves" by Madame de La Fayette, a French 17th century novel, considered a masterpiece of gallantry and classicism, and one that Sarkozy has often mocked, saying that this kind of book had nothing to offer a clerk for instance, and that only "sadists and idiots"  would recommend this book. On 16 February, teachers and students read the book aloud in turn in front of the Panthéon. The reading lasted for 6 hours.

Political developments

After a week, several UMP members of parliament, including university chancellor Daniel Fasquelle and Pécresse's predecessor François Goulard, began criticising the ministry's position. They wanted to rewrite the draft law on lecturers' status, in order to bring the strike to an end. Pécesse started by appointing a mediator, and then gave way. But her decision came too late: only a few of the smaller unions took part in the negotiations, were unhappy with the compromise, and confirmed their protest against the other draft laws. In the meantime, the link became clear between the draft laws on the status of lecturers and doctoral candidates and the LRU law, and the strike movement, despite its only moderate power, now demanded the abrogation of the law. No part of the draft law concerning doctoral candidates has been changed to this day.

As far as Xavier Darcos is concerned, he has refused to change his plan. His brusque statements have contributed to the intensification of the opposition, and this led him to delay implementation for a year. The new exams will now only begin in July 2011. But this decision and his other resolutions on the exams or the work placements have only answered problems of a technical nature, while the opposition rejects the principle of a separation between research and the Master's training course, as well as the destruction of the IUFMs.

Participants of the opposition movement

The movement has been led by an assembly of delegates from different universities, the Coordination Nationale des Universités.
They constitute a front of two left-wing forces, together with groups from the centre and right-wing. This broad consensus is one strength of the movement.  Its major strength is its duration. The supporters of the strike movement are:

 the left-wing public officials' union FSU (Fédération Syndicale Unitaire) and  its branches SNESUP (lecturers), SNCS (researchers), SNASUB;
 the liberal-conservative lecturers' union AutonomeSup
 Qualité de la Science Française, a non-partisan association that occasionally appears at elections, and is often described as a centre group.
 the educational branches of the major unions: CGT (Confédération Générale du Travail, left-wing, branch: FERC-CGT), CFDT (Confédération Française et Démocratique du Travail, liberal left-wing, branch : SGEN-CFDT), UNSA (Union Nationale des Syndicats Autonomes, centre), FO (Force Ouvrière, left-wing) ;
 Associations : Sauvons l'University (Save the Universities, centre), Sauvons la Recherche (Save Research, SLR).
 Nobel laureate Albert Fert or the French academy of Sciences  are also part of the government critics.

Notes and references

External links

A self-contained explanation in English : President Sarkozy, "La princesse de Clèves", and the crisis in the French higher education system, by Robin Briggs, Oxford Magazine, April 2009.
 Association Sauvons La Recherche
 Ministry of Research

Education strikes
Student protests in France
Riots and civil disorder in France
2000s in France
University protests in France
University protests in France
University protests in France
Presidency of Nicolas Sarkozy


Hans Günther Adler (2 July 1910 – 21 August 1988) was a German-language poet and novelist, scholar, and Holocaust survivor.

Life
Born in Prague, Bohemia, to Emil and Alice Adler, Hans Günther Adler was a Jew, though not devout.
After his graduation in 1935 from Charles University, where he studied music and literature, arts and sciences, he worked as a secretary and teacher at the Urania, a pedagogical institute. This also involved him in some radio broadcasting.

In 1941 he was sent to a Jewish labour camp where he worked until shortly before his deportation  to Theresienstadt with his family on February 8, 1942. Adler was to spend two and a half years in Theresienstadt with his family before being deported to Auschwitz.  At Theresienstadt, Adler avoided doing work that might implicate him in the running of the ghetto and did only manual work, such as room duty and building.  His wife, who was a medical doctor and chemist, led the medical central bureau. On October 14, 1944, he arrived with his wife and her mother at Auschwitz.

Both women were put in the gas chambers that day. Gertrud could have survived, but refused to leave her mother. Adler was to lose his mother and father and sixteen members of his family to the Holocaust.

On October 28, 1944, Adler was deported to Niederoschel, a subdivision of Buchenwald, and in 1945, to Langenstein, another subdivision of Buchenwald.  On April 13, 1945, he was free.  From July and December of that year he was near Prague, helping Przemysl Pitter to care for children who had survived the war, both Jewish and non-Jewish.

From October 1945 until February 1947, Adler worked in the Jewish Museum in Prague, where he devoted himself chiefly to the building up of the archives about the times of persecution and the Theresienstadt camp. At this time he was also involved in accumulating the documents from the camp, possibly with the intention of bringing them to Palestine.  Although some material was brought to Jerusalem, for the most part this project was not completed. He stopped using the name "Hans Günther" because it was the name of a leading official in the Central Office for Jewish Emigration in Prague.

In June 1946 he lost his Сzechoslovakian citizenship because of his German mother tongue. To escape the impending Communist takeover of Czechoslovakia, Adler fled to London in February 1947, where he married a close friend from Prague, the sculptor Bettina Gross, with whom he fathered his only child Jeremy Adler.

He then became a freelance writer and scholar and went on to author 26 books on history, sociology and philosophy as well as poetry, and including several autobiographical works, notably nonfiction and fictional works on the Holocaust. Writing in the Financial Times, Simon Schama says that Adler's work deserves a place beside other twentieth century witnesses of the concentration camps such as Primo Levi and Solzhenitsyn.

Adler's first major work was the study of the ghetto Theresienstadt, Theresienstadt 1941-1945. Das Antlitz einer Zwangsgemeinschaft  (Theresienstadt 1941-1945. The Face of an Enforced Community), first published in 1955 and in an enlarged edition in 1960. The book was an international success. As the first scholarly monograph devoted to a single camp it became one of the foundational works of Holocaust Studies. It is still the most detailed account of any single concentration camp. Adler's first fiction novel was Panorama (1968). Another novel was The Journey, described as "Holocaust modernism" in a 2009 review in the New York Times. Three of Adler's novels, The Journey, Panorama and The Wall, have been translated into English by Peter Filkins. An English translation of his monograph about Theresienstadt was published in 2017.

Prizes
He received the Leo Baeck Prize in 1958, the Prix Charles Veillon in 1969 for Panorama; the Buber-Rosenzweig-Medal in 1974 and an honorary Ph.D. from the Pedagogical University of Berlin in 1980. Adler died in London, England in 1988.

Awards
 Leo Baeck Prize (1958)
 Charles Veillon Prize (Lausanne, 1969)
 Buber-Rosenzweig Medal (Berlin, 1974)
 Corresponding member of the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts (1979)
 Honorary Doctor of the Pedagogical University of Berlin (1980)
 Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany (1985)
 Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art (1985)

Works
 Theresienstadt. 1941–1945. Das Antlitz einer Zwangsgemeinschaft, Geschichte Soziologie Psychologie. Tübingen: Mohr, 1955.  (Theresienstadt: Das Antlitz einer Zwangsgemeinschaft. Göttingen, Edition:reprint vom Wallstein Verlag, 926 Seiten. 2005. )
Die verheimlichte Wahrheit. Theresienstädter Dokumente, 1958
Der Kampf gegen die „Endlösung der Judenfrage“, 1958
Die Juden in Deutschland. Von der Aufklärung bis zum Nationalsozialismus, 1960
Unser Georg und andere Erzählungen, 1961
Eine Reise, Roman, Bibliotheca christiana, Bonn 1962; mit einem Nachwort von Jeremy Adler, Aufbau Taschenbuch Verlag, Berlin, 2002,
Der Fürst des Segens, 1964
Die Erfahrung der Ohnmacht, 1964
Sodoms Untergang, Bagatellen, 1965
Kontraste und Variationen, Essays, 1969
Ereignisse, Kleine Erzählungen und Novellen, 1969
Der verwaltete Mensch: Studien zur Deportation der Juden aus Deutschland, Mohr-Verlag, Tübingen, 1974,
Fenster, Gedichte, 1974
Viele Jahreszeiten, Gedichte, 1975
Die Freiheit des Menschen, Essays, 1976
Spuren und Pfeiler, Gedichte, 1978
Transsubstantations, Gedichte, 1978
Zeiten auf der Spur, Gedichte, 1978
Blicke, Gedichte, 1979
Stimme und Zuruf, Gedichte, 1980
Panorama. Roman in 10 Bildern, Piper-Verlag, 1988,
Der Wahrheit verpflichtet. Interviews, Gedichte, Essays Hrsg. von Jeremy Adler, Bleicher-Verlag, Gerlingen, 1998,
Nach der Befreiung, Ausgewahlte Essays zur Geschichte und Soziologie, Hrsg. von Peter Filkins, Konstanz University Press, 2013,
Theresienstadt, 1941-1945 : the face of a coerced community / H.G. Adler ; translated by Belinda Cooper ; general editor, Amy Loewenhaar-Blauweiss ; with an afterword by Jeremy Adler; New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2017

References

Further reading

External links
The Theresienstadt Dictionary

1910 births
1988 deaths
Writers from Prague
Czechoslovak Jews
Czech male novelists
Charles University alumni
Theresienstadt Ghetto survivors
Auschwitz concentration camp survivors
Buchenwald concentration camp survivors
Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Recipients of the Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art
20th-century Czech novelists
Jewish concentration camp survivors
Czechoslovak emigrants to the United Kingdom
Historians of the Holocaust in Bohemia and Moravia
Jewish writers
German-language writers


Eric Alexander Mercury (28 June 1944 – 14 March 2022) was a Canadian singer who was a member of the soul group The Soul Searchers during the 1960s. He later made waves in 1969 with his Electric Black Man album. He had two hits: the first on the Canadian charts in 1972 with "I Can Smell That Funky Music", and the second in the United States in 1983, singing a duet with Roberta Flack  with "Our Love Will Stop the World". He also co-wrote the song "Down the Backstairs of My Life".

Background

Family
Born into a musical family and the youngest of seven children, he was raised in Toronto, Ontario. His father, Methodist minister George Luther Mercury, was from Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. His mother, Gladys Viola Mercury (née Smith), came from Jamaica. They were community leaders who worked just west of the core of Toronto, out of the British Methodist Episcopal Church.

Musical etc.
The two groups he performed in during the 1960s were The Pharaohs and later The Soul Searchers. Following this, he moved to New York in 1968 to perform by himself.

His debut solo album, Electric Black Man, was released on Avco Embassy in 1969. It was considered by many in the music industry as a recording milestone in the 1960s. Mercury left his original Avco Embassy label and signed a deal with Enterprise Records, an imprint of Stax Records. His follow-up solo albums were Funky Sounds Nurtured in the Fertile Soil of Memphis That Smell of Rock (1971), Love Is Taking Over (1973), Eric Mercury (1975), and Gimme A Call Sometime (1981).

Mercury moved to Los Angeles from 1971 until Christmas 1978, when he relocated to New York. Eventually returning to Toronto, he worked in a management and production role for the band Age of Reason. The band failed to attract any interest from major record labels, and Mercury went to Chicago until 1997, when he again returned to Toronto. He wrote material for other artists such as Roberta Flack and Donny Hathaway, for whom he also produced. Mercury's other contributions include vocals to Michael Jordan's "Be Like Mike" advertising jingle for Gatorade.

He had a few acting roles, appearing in the stage production of Jesus Christ Superstar. He also had a role in the film The Fish that Saved Pittsburgh as Rudy, the league commissioner, and as Tyrone Blackwood in American Hot Wax.

Career

1960s
In 1966, Eric Mercury had a single, "I Wondered Why" / "Softly", released on Clip 1122. The group that backed him was The Silhouettes. Diane Brooks and Steve Kennedy were members of the group.
According to William D. Smith's book, A Stroke of Luck, Smith and Kennedy had the idea of putting together a group to play behind Brooks, whom Kennedy was romantically involved with. The name of the group was The Soul Searchers. However, the real name was Diane Brooks, Eric Mercury, and The Soul Searchers. This all came together in April 1966. The instrumental part of the group was made up of Eric "Mouse" Johnson on drums and vocals, Steve Kennedy on tenor, baritone sax and background vocals, Terry Logan on guitar and vocals, and William "Smitty" Smith on Hammond B3 organ and vocals. Their first gig was at Memory Lane in Toronto.

While things were progressing, Brooks got an offer to record for herself. Due to the band supposedly not being up to the task and lacking in experience, they did not get to play on the recording. At some stage, while having played in Canada and the US, the Soul Searchers were still an unsigned group. However, they had attracted the attention of a young producer, C. Nash. He had been coming along to their performances, and he wanted to record them. A session was set up in the middle of the night in Detroit, where the group had been playing at the time. The recording session took place in a small, basic studio. The song "Lonely Girl", which was written by William "Mickey" Stevenson and Ivy Jo Hunter, had been rejected by Motown. It was learned, rehearsed, and arranged in a few hours, then recorded. Ten copies of the record were given to the group. There was no airplay or promotion, and that was the last they saw of Nash. The single credited to Eric Mercury and the Soul Searchers would eventually become a highly prized collector's item, attracting some very high prices. By the summer of 1968, the Soul Searchers were a very popular band in Canada, with Mercury fronting them. It was when they were playing in Halifax that he decided to leave the band. Decades later, in an interview with Bill King of FYI Music News, Mercury said the straw that pushed him out was when the band played a gig without him at the Mercury Club on Victoria Street.  Two other reasons for his departure were the murder of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. as well as what Richie Havens was doing musically. A few days later, after the Mercury Club non-inclusion incident, he got a ride with two hookers heading to New York with just a library card and $52 on him.

While trying to make things happen musically, he was sheltering at the Port Authority Bus Terminal, where he slept in an abandoned Studebaker.

By November 1968, Mercury was one of the acts signed to a new firm, Fairlead Management, which was formed by Attorneys Bennett Gotzer and Dennis Katz, who was the brother of musician Steve Katz.

Mercury recorded his debut solo album, Electric Black Man, and it was released in 1969.  A review of the album from Village Voice critic Robert Christgau said, "Mercury is a fairly strong singer. Maybe someday he'll put out a fairly strong album." Others proved to be bigger fans of the LP, including Miles Davis.

1970s
The 30 January 1970 issue of Cash Box announced that Mercury had dropped the "Electric Black Man" name, that his group was now called Eric Mercury Birthrite, and that they were recording at the Fillmore East on the 23rd and 24th of that month. The musicians in the band included guitarist and music director Elliott Randall, organist Carson Whittsett, and two young musicians, Willie Weeks and Bill Lordan. The group also played other venues, such as Fillmore East, Boston Tea Party, and Whiskey Au Go Go.

It was reported in the 11 December 1971 edition of Billboard that Allan Katz, the national promotional director of Polydor, had taken Mercury on a cross-country tour, visiting stations from Toronto to Vancouver to promote his new album, Funky Sounds Nurtured in the Fertile Soil of Memphis That Smell of Rock. His single "I Can Smell That Funky Music" had just been released as well. By the 31st of that month, the single was at #12 on the CKVN 1410 Top 40 chart and eventually reached number 30 in Canada on 15 January 1972.

In November 1973, Mercury appeared at the Millennium '73 festival at the Astrodome in Houston, Texas, which had Guru Maharaj Ji as the star attraction. Booked to perform on stage on the first day, with Stax Records promising a great spot for him and promotional hype to match, he did not come on until four in the afternoon. He performed to a disappointingly low audience, with just 4000 or 5000 people in the entire stadium. Actor Marjoe Gortner was there on stage as well. Gortner, a former preacher, noted that one of the songs Mercury performed was one he had heard in churches when he was a child.

In 1975, his self-titled Eric Mercury album was released. This is where the song "Down the Backstairs of My Life" made its first recorded appearance. Co-written with William D. Smith, the song would be recorded by artists such as Smith, Dianne Brooks, Yvonne Elliman, Leah Kunkel, Thelma Houston, Kenny Rankin, Joey Scarbury, and Dee Dee Warwick. For the week of 23 May, the album was getting airplay on KWST FM in Los Angeles. The following week, it was being played on KMET FM in Los Angeles.

That year also saw motor car manufacturer Lincoln-Mercury want Mercury to compose and sing commercial jungles for their 1976 line of cars. Music magazine Radio & Records noted in their June 13 issue that Eric Mercury had a cousin called Lincoln Mercury.

1980s to 1990s
In August 1981, his album Gimme a Call Sometime was released on Capitol ST12126. In the short review, Billboard recommended the tracks "It's Just Like Love", "To Become", "Gimme A Call Sometime" and "To Get it Right". A gimmick used to promote the LP was the setting up of two toll-free numbers by Capitol. Callers who rang would go through to a tape recording of Eric Mercury giving a brief sales pitch.
By 5 March 1983, the single Mercury recorded with Roberta Flack, "Our Love Will Stop the World", was at #66 in the Top 100 Black Contemporary Singles chart. By 19 March, it was down to #93. The song peaked at #65.

Merc and Monk was a duo project with Thelonious Monk Jr. They released a self-titled album in 1985.

2000s
In 2019, Mercury collaborated with Anthony Aramouni, a Montreal composer, and the song "Bright Eyed Woman" was released. The launch of the song was to coincide with the 50th anniversary of the release of his album, Electric Black Man.

In 2021, the highly collectible Eric Mercury & The Soul Searchers single, originally released on the SAC label, saw a re-release on the Big Man Records label.

Illness and death
Mercury died from pancreatic cancer on 14 March 2022, at the age of 77.

Discography

Studio albums

Further reading
 FYI Music News "Eric Mercury – Electric Black Man – A Conversation"
 Robert Whyte: Elliott Randall Guitar Archives Volume One
 The Globe and Mail – "Charismatic singer Eric Mercury turned heads with Electric Black Man album"

References

External links

Biography at Answers.com
Biography at ARTIST Direct
In Dangerous Rhythm: Eric Mercury Lonely Girl

1944 births
2022 deaths
20th-century Black Canadian male singers
The Soul Searchers (Canadian group) members
Black Canadian male actors
Canadian expatriates in the United States
Canadian record producers
Canadian rhythm and blues singers
Canadian male songwriters
Canadian soul singers
Singers from Toronto
Writers from Toronto
Deaths from pancreatic cancer


Klang (; ) may refer to:

Music
Klang (music), a concept in Riemannian and Schenkerian theories based on the German word Klang, meaning 'resonance' or 'sound
Klang (Stockhausen) (2004–2007), cycle of compositions by Karlheinz Stockhausen
Klang (album), the third studio album by The Rakes
Kling Klang Studio, the private music studio of the band Kraftwerk
Klang Box, a special-edition boxed set compilation of music by Kraftwerk
Kling Klang (band), an experimental rock group
Der ferne Klang, opera by Franz Schreker
Klang, a band formed by Donna Matthews after the breakup of Elastica

Places

Malaysia
Klang River, river that flows through the state of Selangor and territory of Kuala Lumpur into the strait of Malacca
Klang Valley, district in Selangor surrounding Klang river
Klang (city), the royal capital of the state of Selangor
Klang (federal constituency), represented in the Dewan Rakyat
Klang District, a district that contains the city of Klang, but does not administer it
Ulu Klang
Bandar Klang (state constituency), formerly represented in the Selangor State Legislative Assembly (1974–86; 1995–2004)
New Klang Valley Expressway
Klang Parade
North Klang Straits Bypass
Klang Komuter station
Jalan Klang Lama
Klang Sentral
Duta–Ulu Klang Expressway
Klang–Banting Highway
South Klang Valley Expressway
New North Klang Straits Bypass
Genting Klang–Pahang Highway
Klang Gates Dam
Klang High School
Gurdwara Sahib Klang
Bandar Bukit Tinggi
Pandamaran
Bandar Baru Klang
Port Klang
Port Klang Line
Port Klang Komuter station
Pelabuhan Kelang (federal constituency), represented in the Dewan Rakyat (1974–86)
Pelabuhan Klang (state constituency), represented in the Selangor State Legislative Assembly (1995–present)
Klang War, series of conflicts in the Malay state of Selangor

France
Klang, Moselle, a commune in the Moselle department in Lorraine in northeastern France

Thailand
Ban Klang: Ban Klang, San Pa Tong or Ban Klang, Wang Thong
San Klang: San Klang, San Kamphaeng or San Klang, San Pa Tong
Na Klang District
Klang Plaza

People
Donnie Klang (born 1985), singer from New York City and Making the Band 4 contestant
Gary Klang (born 1941), Haitian-Canadian poet and novelist
Klaus Klang (born 1959), musician from Brussels, Belgium

Other uses
Clanging, a psychological phenomenon
Klang Beer, a Cambodian beer
Klang, a Pokémon
Nordischer Klang, the largest festival of Nordic culture in Germany
Rojak Klang
We Are Klang, a comedy sketch group

See also


"Your Body's Callin" is a song by American singer and songwriter R. Kelly, released in April 1994 as the third single from his debut album, 12 Play (1993). It peaked at number 13 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and reached the top 40 in New Zealand and the United Kingdom. Kelly also released a remix as a B-side to the single featuring Aaliyah called the "Your Body's Calling His N Hers Mix".

Critical reception
Andy Beevers from Music Week gave the song four out of five. He wrote, "Having narrowly missed out on a mainstream Top 40 placing with his last single, "Bump'n'Grind", R Kelly looks set to be more successful with this smooth and mellow soul ballad. Not only is it a stronger song, but it will be helped by the US singer's recent UK tour, which included a four-night stint at the Apollo Hammersmith." James Hamilton from the RM Dance Update deemed it a "sexy tortuous 67bpm slow jam".

Music video
The accompanying music video for "Your Body's Callin'" was directed by American music video, television and film director Millicent Shelton. The video, set to appear that it was filmed in the summer, was filmed in the winter.

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

Release history

Samplings and covers

 Hip hop producer DJ Premier sampled Kelly singing "It's unbelievable" for The Notorious B.I.G.'s song "Unbelievable" on his album Ready to Die released later in 1994.
 The song has been interpolated the line by Ron Isley's longtime collaborator Kelly by The Isley Brothers on the song "Warm Summer Nights", with background vocals by Angela Winbush towards the end of the track from the album Eternal, released in 2001.
 The song has also been sampled by Whodini on the song "Be My Lady" also featuring Kelly, from their album Six.
 Norman Brown covered the song in 1996 in his album Better Days Ahead.

References

1993 songs
1994 singles
Aaliyah songs
Jive Records singles
R. Kelly songs
Song recordings produced by R. Kelly
Songs written by R. Kelly


Events in the year 1718 in Norway.

Incumbents
Monarch: Frederick IV

Events
 29 August - 10,000 men under the command of Lieutenant-general Carl Gustaf Armfeldt attacked Trøndelag from Jemtland.
 30 November - King Karl XII was shot and killed at the Siege of Fredriksten fortress.

Arts and literature

Births
26 February - Johan Ernst Gunnerus, bishop and botanist (died 1773)
29 December - Ole Nilsen Weierholt, wood carver (died 1792)

Deaths
8 February – Henrik Adeler,  civil servant and politician (born 1660).
16 May – Jonas Danilssønn Ramus, priest and historian (born 1649)
9 September – Caspar Herman Hausmann, general, lumber merchant and squire (born 1653)
30 November – King Karl XII of Sweden (born 1682)

References


BC Soccer is the governing body of adult and youth soccer in British Columbia, Canada. They are the head association for all FIFA affiliated soccer associations in BC. BCSA is located in Vancouver, British Columbia's largest city. There are different levels of play under this association. The British Columbia Soccer Premier League (BCSPL) is the highest level of play, followed by the Metro Select League (MSL), and then what was commonly known as "Gold", "Silver", "Bronze", and "House". These categories have now been changed to a divisional tiering beginning with Division 1, Division 2, and so on, where promotion and relegation processes align with professional leagues. These divisions are split by age, gender, and geographic location.

Sanctioned competitions

Pro-am (third tier)
League1 British Columbia

Amateur
Fraser Valley Soccer League
Pacific Coast Soccer League
Vancouver Island Soccer League
Vancouver Metro Soccer League

Each amateur league sends some of their teams to the British Columbia Provincial Soccer Championship.

Youth

BC Soccer Premier League
The BC Soccer Premier League or BCSPL is the highest level of youth soccer in the province. It was established in 2011 as a standards-based youth league in partnership with Vancouver Whitecaps FC to support player development pathways at the U13 to U18 age groups. Each season culminates with the BC Premier Cup to determine a provincial champion, where the champions at the U15 and U17 levels will advance to the CSA National Championships.

Divisional leagues
Below the BCSPL, regional youth soccer leagues are divided into tiers of Division 1 (formerly Metro), Division 2 (formerly Gold), and Division 3 (formerly Silver and Bronze), to ensure there is meaningful competition for each participating team. The highest ranked teams in Division 1 and Division 2 leagues qualify for the Provincial A and B Cup competitions.

BC Soccer member clubs

source

See also
 British Columbia Provincial Soccer Championship

References

External links

Soccer governing bodies in Canada
Soccer
Sports organizations established in 1904


The Finlay colour process was an early additive colour photography process devised by an Irish woman named Clare Elizabeth Finlay which could produce a picture in natural colour with a single exposure.

Description
The Finlay colour process was based on the theory of scientist Clerk Maxwell, who discovered in 1861 that all the colours in nature could be matched by the proper admixture of the three primary colours. It was on this principle that Mr. Finlay made a screen of geometric pattern comprising red, green and blue-violet squares in regular sequence. Patented by Finlay in 1906 and introduced in 1908 as the "Thames Colour Screen". It used a screen with a precise checkerboard of red, green, and blue elements as opposed to the random mosaic pattern used in the Autochrome system. This separate screen could be used with any type of panchromatic film or photographic plate to make a colour photograph.

In 1909 the "Thames Colour Plate" was released, which incorporated the filter screen and the emulsion in a single plate.

Both processes were abandoned after World War I, but improved versions were marketed under the name of Finlay Colour in 1929 and 1931. They were major rivals to Dufaycolor until the introduction of the subtractive materials in the mid-1930s.

See also
Finlaycolor
Paget process

Notes

Photographic processes


This is a list of numbered municipal roads in Kingston and Frontenac County, Ontario.

The City of Kingston is a single-tier municipality not under the jurisdiction of an upper-tier municipality such as Frontenac County and thus, is outside of the geographic limits of Frontenac County for municipal purposes. For geographic purposes however, Kingston is within the geographic limits of Frontenac County. The City of Kingston forms part of the county's census division.

The numbered roads in this list are not under the jurisdiction of Frontenac County (only their numbers are, for coordination); the responsibility for their maintenance is with the individual townships (and City of Kingston). As a result, the "flowerpot" municipal road shields are signed with the name of the township, such as Central Frontenac, Kingston or Wolfe Island (for Frontenac Islands Township). South Frontenac Township makes reference to its numbered township highways as Township Road n in law.

Main List

References

Frontenac
Transport in Frontenac County


Events in the year 1844 in Norway.

Incumbents
Monarch: Charles III John (until 8 March); then Oscar I

Events
8 March – King Oscar I ascends to the throne of Sweden-Norway
 1118 July  The 4th Scandinavian Scientist Conference is held in Oslo.

Undated
1844 Norwegian parliamentary election
Utsira Lighthouse is established.

Arts and literature

Births
2 March – Ole Larsen Skattebøl, judge and politician (d.1929)
8 March – Jens Jonas Jansen, priest (d.1912)
22 March – Sven Oftedal, helped found the Lutheran Free Church (d.1911)
23 May – Klaus Hanssen, physician and politician
15 July – Thorbjorn N. Mohn, American Lutheran church leader and the first president of St. Olaf College (d. 1899)
8 August – Alf Collett, writer (d.1919)
11 September –  N. O. Nelson, founder of the N. O. Nelson Manufacturing Company (d. 1922)
2 October – Peter Harboe Castberg, banker (d.1926)
29 December – Brynild Anundsen, founder of Decorah Posten (d.1913)

Full date unknown
Oluf Hansen Hagen, politician
Nils Otto Hesselberg, politician (d.1929)
Christian Wilhelm Engel Bredal Olssøn, politician and Minister (d.1915)
Steinar Schjøtt, philologist and lexicographer (d.1920)
Oscar Wergeland, painter (d.1910)

Deaths
4 August – Jacob Aall, historian and statesman (b.1773)

See also

References


Eric J. Lott (born 27 May 1934 in North Devon, England) is a religious scholar who taught in Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. Of the Indian languages, he knew Sanskrit, Telugu and Kannada.

Background
After theological studies at Richmond Methodist Theological College, he joined a graduate course in divinity at King's College, London and earned a B. D. degree in 1959.

The Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society designated Lott as a missionary to India and sent him in 1959 to minister in the Diocese of Dornakal of the Church of South India.

Lott was ordained in 1962 in the Cathedral of the Epiphany in Dornakal during the Bishopric of P. Solomon, as a Presbyter of the Church of South India.

Contribution

Andhra Pradesh
Lott first taught at the Andhra Union Theological College, Dornakal from 1962 to 1964 along with Victor Premasagar, then Lecturer of Old Testament. The Principal of the College in Dornakal at that time was C. S. Sundaresan and the College was affiliated to the Senate of Serampore College.

With the 1964 merger of the College in Dornakal into the newly formed ecumenical Andhra Christian Theological College in Rajahmundry, then headed by W. D. Coleman, Lott began taking classes in the river town of Rajahmundry. Later in 1972, Lott moved to Hyderabad along with the College when it was relocated to Hyderabad.

During Lott's teaching career in Andhra Pradesh from 1962 to 1976, Lott taught New Testament and Religions to students pursuing L.Th., B.Th., and BD in Dornakal, Rajahmundry, and Hyderabad.

In 1973, the Andhra Christian Theological College released Service for All Seasons, Lott's ecumenical worship book, which continues to be the primary worship book for students of Baptist, Lutheran, Anglican, Pentecostal, and Methodist backgrounds studying theology at the seminary in Hyderabad. The book was also adopted in a Church setting by the United Church in Defence Colony in Sainikpuri, Hyderabad, which serves an ecumenical congregation.

Karnataka
From 1977, Lott began teaching Religions at the United Theological College, Bengaluru along with G. D. Melanchthon, then Professor of Religions. The college enjoyed autonomous status with the Senate of Serampore College. Lott mentored students pursuing theology who came from diverse backgrounds. During the late 1970s during the Principalship of Joshua Russell Chandran, Lott encountered a student who would not complete his M.Th. thesis in Religions. The student's thesis was on self-proclaimed avatar Sai Baba; when Lott offered revision suggestions, the student balked, since he believed that the "spirit of Sathya Sai Baba" had already taken control of the thesis and it could not be revised, lest the spirit got disturbed.

Higher studies
While teaching at Rajahmundry, Lott took study leave for the academic year 1969–1970 and completed postgraduate studies (M.Litt.) at the University of Lancaster in England. His dissertation was later published under the title God and the Universe in the Vedāntic Theology of Rāmānuja.

In 1975, Lott again went on study leave to the University of Lancaster to pursue doctoral studies. His 1977 doctoral dissertation was entitled Vedāntic approaches to God.

Writings
 1973 – Service for All Seasons
 1975 – India's Religions (in Telugu)
 1976 – God and the Universe in the Vedāntic Theology of Rāmānuja: A Study in his Use of the Self-body Analogy
 1980 – Vedāntic Approaches to God
 1986 – Worship in an Indian Context: Eight Intercultural Liturgies
 1988 – Vision, Tradition & Interpretation: Theology, Religion & Religious Studies
 1998 – Healing Wings: Acts of Jesus for Human Wholeness
 2005 – Religious Faith, Human Identity: Dangerous Dynamics in Indian & Global Life
 2008 – Faces of Vision: Images of Life and Faith (with Jyoti Sahi)

Ornithology
An amateur ornithologist, Lott contributed to knowledge on several Indian bird species through his observations and writings, which include:

 "On the Occurrence of White-naped Tit Parus nuchalis in Southern India"
 The Birds of the Cauvery Valley

Honours
In 1985 the Indian Institute of World Culture, Bengaluru, invited Lott to deliver the Justice B. Vasudevamurthy Memorial Lecture.

In 1996 David C. Scott and Israel Selvanayagam brought out a festschrift published for the United Theological College and entitled Re-Visioning India's Religious Traditions in Lott's honour on his turning 60.

In 1998 and 2000 Lott delivered the Cambridge Teape Lectures in Cambridge and India respectively.

Retirement
Lott retired on health grounds in 1988 from the United Theological College.  From 1989 he began pastoral work in the inner city community of Leicester in England.

Reminisce
Talathoti Punnaiah who studied a 3-year theology course leading to Bachelor of Theology at the Andhra Christian Theological College, both at Rajahmundry and at Hyderabad from 1970-1973 recalls his association with Lott,

References
Notes

Further reading

Indian Christian theologians
Christian clergy from Karnataka
Indian ornithologists
Living people
1934 births
People from North Devon (district)
Alumni of King's College London
Alumni of Lancaster University
20th-century Indian zoologists
Academic staff of the Senate of Serampore College (University)


Venerable María del Pilar Cimadevilla López-Dóriga, called Pilina, (February 17, 1952 - March 6, 1962) was a Spanish girl who is being considered for sainthood by the Roman Catholic Church. The Congregation for the Causes of Saints declared her "heroic virtues" on April 19, 2004. A certified miracle is required for her to be beatified and a second certified miracle would be required for her to be canonized as a saint. She is currently known as a Venerable.

She was born in Madrid February 17, 1952 to Colonel Amaro Cimadevilla and María del Rosario López-Dóriga and was noted for her piety, docility of spirit, and her intelligence. At the age of nine, she developed Hodgkin's lymphoma and was treated at the military hospital of Madrid, staffed by nuns devoted to the Missionaries of the Sick. Pilina was inspired to offer up her own suffering in hope of helping others who were ill. Her illness caused her spirit and her faith to mature rapidly. She died in her mother's arms on March 6, 1962. After her death, her supporters began to promote her cause for sainthood.

References

External links
Pilina.net

1952 births
1962 deaths
Roman Catholic child venerables
Deaths from Hodgkin lymphoma
People from Madrid
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Spanish Roman Catholics
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Venerated Catholics by Pope John Paul II


Snake in the Grass is a 2002 play by British playwright Alan Ayckbourn. The play is about a middle-aged older sister who returns to the family home where her younger sister still lives, shortly after their abusive father's death. It was written as a female companion piece to the 1994 ghost play Haunting Julia, and in 2008 these two plays, together with new play Life and Beth were folded into a trilogy named Things That Go Bump.

Background
Ayckbourn's first "ghost" theme play, Haunting Julia, had a cast of three men, all haunted, in different ways, by the suicide of the daughter of one of the men. Subsequently, Ayckbourn had expressed a wish to write a female counterpart of this play. This was further encouraged by the continuing success of Stephen Mallatratt's adaptation of The Woman in Black (itself a heavy source of inspiration for Haunting Julia). The success of this play, along with Yasmina Reza's 'Art' also suggest that small-cast plays were becoming popular in commercial theatre.

A further factor was Ayckbourn's move towards more contemporary issues – in particular GamePlan, on the theme of teenage prostitution. This was the first play in the 2001 trilogy Damsels in Distress. The following year he wrote Snake in the Grass and it went one step further, with one of the characters a victim of sexual abuse as a child, although this is never explicitly stated in the play, only implied. The older sister is a victim of domestic violence.

There are a few notable differences to Haunting Julia. In Haunting Julia, a father is haunted by his dead daughter, whilst in Snake in the Grass the two daughters are haunted by their father, and for very different reasons. The supernatural scenes are far less prevalent; in Haunting Julia, the play climaxes in an appearance of the ghost of Julia, but in Snake in the Grass, there is much less clarity as to which "ghosts" are real ghosts, which are metaphorical ghosts in the sisters' minds, and which events are not ghosts at all but staged hoaxes. However, the play is, if anything, a considerably darker play than Haunting Julia.

Characters
There are three female characters in the play, they are:

 Annabel Chester, fifty, was a successful married business woman, now divorced and her business collapsed;
 Miriam Chester, forty-four, Annabel's younger sister, eternally house-bound to her late father's house;
 Alice Moody, nurse for Annabel and Miriam's father shortly before his death (aged forty in the published script, but the character in the 2008 revival was younger).

There is also a small voice-only part of a man's voice (unclear whether it is the voice of the Chesters' father or just someone imitating it) towards the end of the play, whispering the names of the two daughters. Like Julia in Haunting Julia, the father in this play can be considered a very strong off-stage character.

Setting
The entire play takes place in the garden of the Chesters' family home, now neglected and run-down. Included in the scene is the edge of an overgrown tennis court and a summer house built over a disused well, both of which play important roles during play.

Unlike Haunting Julia, written to run as a single scene with no interval, there are three scenes in this play. The first act has two scenes, both set in the late afternoon on consecutive days. The second act has a longer scene, running into the night of the second day. This was modelled on the idea of "a thriller that starts in sunlight in a garden, and slowly the darkness comes in as the sun sets."

This play was written specifically for the round, unlike Haunting Julia that was written for the proscenium but sometimes staged in the round for various practical reasons. The original 2002 production shared its set with a revival on Ayckbourn's 1978 play Joking Apart, also set in a garden, so there are some similarities between the sets of the two plays. (The 2008 revival, in contrast, did not share a set with either of the other two Things That Go Bump plays, with the other two plays set in very different indoor locations.)

Synopsis

Annabel Chester, a stressed businesswoman, enters the garden for the first time after running away aged twelve. She is met by Alice Moody, the nurse to Annabel's late father. After some short-lived pleasantries and some curt references to Annabel's ex-marriage, Alice states she was dismissed by her sister, Miriam, not for inefficiency as Annabel believes, but because she was trying to stop Miriam finishing her father off. These claims are backed up by a letter from their father expressing his fears, and, knowing the will was changed in Annabel's favour, Alice demands £100,000 in compensation. Ignoring Annabel's threats to go to the police for blackmail, she promises to return tomorrow.

For a moment, the tennis court shakes strangely – the first of several times in the play. Miriam appears, dressed in ill-fitting dowdy clothes. She concedes to Annabel that she removed "Just one or two lights" and gave her father "just a little push" and increased the dose of medicine "just three or four times" – and when she reveals she was treated as a slave her whole life after Annabel left, the motive is clear: no life or friends of her own allowed, and just the odd chance to do courses in, somewhat obscurely, electrics and plumbing.

In scene two, Annabel, has decided that they can afford to give Alice £5,000 and no more, seemingly indifferent to the alternative that the police will exhume the body, find the traces of medicine and send Miriam to jail. Miriam, however, insists on trying to sweeten Alice up by offering her some wine in a summer house built over an old well. Annabel has a seizure at the sight of it – after her marriage to her violent husband collapsed, and her business with it, she drank herself to a heart attack. As they wait, they remember their times in the garden: Annabel in the tennis court, pelted with balls by her father, and Miriam's brief relationship with a man called "Lewis", ended by her disapproving father.

Alice arrives and takes the wine, and sees through Annabel's offer almost immediately. With Annabel refusing to offer any more, Miriam, in apparent desperation, suggests Lewis could find the money. Alice scorns this too, and, before leaving to go to the police, stops to tell Miriam has one hell of a sister ... but before she can finish, she collapses. Miriam says she drugged the wine (her own glass having come from a different bottle in the kitchen), and a horrified Annabel watches her push Alice's body through the trapdoor and down the well. Next, she goes through Alice's handbag looking for the letter. It is not there, but her address and keys are, so she persuades Annabel to come with her to get the letter. Before Annabel leaves, she takes one last look at the tennis court, a tennis ball flies out of nowhere, and she screams.

In the second act, with all lighting but the storm lanterns failed, they return. Annabel notices the letter is forged, meaning they killed Alice for nothing. Annabel thinks she hears some scratching from the well. Miriam look down and says Alice must be dead, but Annabel's anxiety increases further. Miriam starts telling of the spooky things that used to happen, saying "Who's coming up the stairs?" and "Who's going to kiss you goodnight" and starts on a "ghost story". Twelve years old, she sneaked out of the house to go to a party with, in her father's words, "unsavoury youths", partied away in a silver dress and got propositioned by three boys she didn't fancy. When she returned, her father was waiting in the garden for his disobedient daughter, he would have to “punish” Miriam said she chose to be punished in the garden over indoor, but the punishment was worse ... before she finishes with "Wasn't that a good ghost story!"

Miriam forces Annabel to confront her own fear of entering the tennis court, and when Annabel tries to return indoors, she finds a soaking scarf that belonged to Alice. Miriam then forces a now hugely stressed Annabel to tell her own "ghost story" of her marriage, insisting she needs to know now. So Annabel talks of how they met at a sales conference; how they saw films together, her liking romantic comedies, him liking violent blockbusters; how they started sleeping together and married to formalise the arrangement; how one day he snapped over something trivial and hit her; how sweet he was when he apologised afterwards; how distant he grew the rest of the time; how she ended up provoking him to get his attention this way. Miriam asks if she enjoyed being hit, adding that she doesn't know any more if she enjoyed what happened to her. She muses the people you hurt most are the people you love, and before returning indoors, says to Annabel: "I love you".

As soon as Miriam leaves, the lights go out. Annabel stumbles over to the tennis court, and hears her father whispering "Annabel ... Annabel ..." before being pelted with tennis balls. Then, a soaking and bedraggled Alice emerges from the well. This is finally enough to give Annabel a fatal heart attack. Miriam comes back, checks Annabel's pulse, and she and Alice (or "Lewis", as Miriam now calls her) celebrate the success of their plan to reclaim the inheritance. The father voice was just a tape recorder, the tennis balls came from a machine, the well was filled in years ago, and the two show every sign that they are in fact a lesbian couple. When Alice shows how keen she is to sell the family home, Miriam sends Alice to switch on the lights.

Left alone with her sister (whom they plan to "find" dead in the morning), Miriam says "Goodbye sister". Then there is a flash of light from the house (Miriam's training in plumbing and electrics put to use), and she says "Whoops" and "Goodbye Lewis". Then, wearing the silver dress from the party, she is about to celebrate, when the lights come on by themselves, her father chair starts rocking and her father's voice whispers "Miriam ... Miriam ..." The play ends as Miriam screams.

Productions
The original production at the Stephen Joseph Theatre had its first performance on 30 May 2002, and an opening night on 5 June 2002 1994, featuring the following cast:

 Annabel – Fiona Mollison
 Miriam – Susie Blake
 Alice – Rachel Atkins

The production team were:

 Director – Alan Ayckbourn
 Design –   Roger Glossop
 Lighting – Mick Hughes
 Costume – Christine Wall
 Music – John Pattinson

The play was performed in the round, in repertory with a revival of Ayckbourn's 1978 play Joking Apart. Both plays toured to three other theatres in the round in September and October of that year. The following year, in January and February, Snake in the Grass toured alone to four further end-stage theatres.

Since then, the play has gone on to become one of the most frequently performed Ayckbourn plays, with six professional productions between 2005 and 2007. The play has also been particularly popular with amateur groups.

The play had its American Premiere in 2005 at The Black River Playhouse, Chester, New Jersey, directed by Michael T. Mooney. The cast included Cody Dalton, Julianne DiPietro-Renshaw and Beth Amiano Gleason.

In 2008, it was revived by the Stephen Joseph Company, along with its originating play Haunting Julia as part of a trilogy named Things That Go Bump, with a new third play, Life and Beth, that combined the casts of the two plays. Susie Blake reprised her role as Miriam. The other two roles were played by Liza Goddard as Annabel and Ruth Gibson as Susie.

Critical Review

The reviews for Snake in the Grass were generally positive, particularly about the acting. and Ayckbourn's writing for women The most praise was given to Susie Blake as Miriam. The Financial Times review said: "Along with her perfect timing, phrasing, and connection to her stage colleagues, she has bubbliness, impishness, and a certain perpetual inner childlike innocence. But she is way past childhood now ... the younger daughter who had to remain at home to tend a monstrous father. In this role, Blake shows us what she can be when her bubbliness is popped, when her impishness turns dangerous; and when her childlike innocence has withered in the bud.". Alfred Hickling, for The Guardian drew comparisons to Haunting Julia but commended the play for its focus on ghosts in the mind, and said the play "... surprisingly ends up having more in common with Hamlet than Gaslight." John Sherborne for Plays International praised the collaboration between Designer Roger Glossop and Lighting Designer Mick Hughes.

The reviews did, however, stop short of proclaiming it one of Ayckbourn's best plays. In spite of the praise for Susie Blake, the Financial Times review felt the twists were familiar when they came, and the characters' inflexions becoming tedious. Dominic Cavendish for the Daily Telegraph, although broadly positive of the play itself, criticise Ayckbourn for allowing the Stephen Joseph Theatre's programme to be dominated by his work.

The 2008 revival also enjoyed positive reviews.

External links
 Snake in the Grass on official Ayckbourn site.
 Arts Archive, UK performance listings.

References

2002 plays
Plays by Alan Ayckbourn


Johan Peter Strömberg (19 August 1776 – 20 September 1834) was a Swedish stage actor, dancer and theatre director. He was the founder of the first public theatre and acting school  in Oslo, Norway.

Biography
Johan Peter Strömberg was born in Stockholm to tobacco manufacturer Anders Olofsson Strömberg and Ulrica Sophia Bourchell. In 1797, he married the Swedish dancer Maria Christina Sophia Ehrnström (1776–1853).

Stage career
Johan Peter Strömberg made his debut in the travelling theater company of E. M. Wederborg at Nyköping in 1793.  He toured Sweden as a member of several travelling theatre companies, such as the ones of Carl Seuerling, Johan Peter Lewenhagen, A. O. Hofflund and Johan Anton Lindqvist.

In 1798-99 he attempted to start a permanent theater in Uddevalla, and in 1800, he made another attempt to start a permanent theater in Nyköping, but was forced to close in 1802.

During this epoch,  Swedish language theater companies toured also in Norway, where there were otherwise only private amateur theatres of the Det Dramatiske Selskap.  From 1803 onward, he and his spouse were active in Norway both as performers and as instructors of dance and acting in several Norwegian cities.  They acted as instructors in Trondheim 1803-04 and 1805, at Kristiansund in 1804-05, and at the Det Dramatiske Selskab in Oslo.

Christiania Offentlige Theater
In 1809, he was given permission to create a public theater in the Norwegian capital.   His wish was to create a Norwegian theater with Norwegian actors. In 1825, he  founded  Det Strømbergske Teater, an acting school as preparation for the theater.  In 1827, Christiania Offentlige Theater was inaugurated in Oslo.  This was the first professional public theater in Norway since the short lived theater of German acrobat stage actor, Martin Nürenbach over fifty years prior.
The theater was however not to be successful. Johan Peter Strömberg was forced to hire Danish actors because there where no Norwegian professionals and his Norwegian students where criticized for not being educated enough. When he performed the Swedish play Fredsfesten on 4 November 1827, a play which praised the Union of Sweden and Norway, the theater was boycotted.  He subsequently when bankrupt and was forced to close the theater in 1828.   He died in poverty during 1834 in Aker. The building burned in 1835.

However,  his pioneer project was to have a lasting effect as his theater was to become the Christiania Theatre in 1836. This became the first lasting permanent public theater in Norway.

References

Other sources

 dans i Kristiania på 1700- og 1800-talet

Swedish male stage actors
Swedish expatriates in Norway
Swedish theatre directors
18th-century Swedish dancers
1773 births
1834 deaths
19th-century Swedish male actors
19th-century Norwegian male actors
Norwegian male stage actors
19th-century Swedish dancers
Swedish male dancers
19th-century theatre managers


By Love Possessed may refer to:

 By Love Possessed (novel), a 1957 novel by James Gould Cozzens
 By Love Possessed (film), a 1961 adaptation of the novel, directed by John Sturges


Roger Norman (born 1948) is a British novelist living in Turkey. He is the author of four widely acclaimed novels for adults and children, mainly centering on the countryside of Dorset in southwest England.

Biography
Norman was born in 1948, the third child of Sir Arthur Norman, a leading British industrialist and former president of the Confederation of British Industry and Chairman of the UK Centre for Economic and Environmental Development. Norman was educated at Sherborne School and Cambridge University. In the course of his life, Norman has lived and worked in Greece as an olive farmer, been features Editor of the English-language Turkish Daily News in Ankara, taught in several universities, and served as a consultant on missions for several United Nations agencies examining agriculture and economic development. He currently works full-time as a writer and lives in Eskişehir in the region of Turkey known in Classical times as Phrygia.

Norman's fiction continues the English tradition begun by John Masefield and John Cowper Powys, in which an undercurrent of supernatural fantasy or even mildly occult events interacts with characters in a modern British setting. Albion’s Dream, first published in 1990, tells the story of a 12-year-old schoolboy and his cousin who find a home-made boardgame in a farmhouse cupboard. They begin to play the game and quickly find that it unlocks mysterious forces and situations which they find it increasingly difficult to master. Tree-Time, 1997, is a fantasy novel for younger children about a night that happens once every century when trees come to life and walk around while the world sleeps. Red Die, (2008) recounts the last weeks in the life of a World War I army deserter, Jack Yeoman, in October 1916 as he travels across the Dorset countryside guided by a set of red dice, pursued by his enemies. The story builds up to a shattering tragic climax on the eve of All Saints' Day, at Dorset's famous prehistoric monument Giant Hill at Cerne Abbas. In addition to his fiction writings, Norman also contributes articles to newspapers and magazines.

His fourth novel, Shadowborne, was published by The Sundial Press on 22 October 2012.

Published works
Albion's Dream (Faber and Faber, 1990)
Tree Time (Faber and Faber, 1997)
Red Die (The Sundial Press, 2008)
Shadowborne (The Sundial Press, 2012)

References

External links
 Interview with Sundial Press
 Yapi Kredi Kultur Sanat Yayincilik. Author biography (in Turkish)

1948 births
Living people
20th-century English novelists
21st-century English novelists
British expatriates in Turkey
People educated at Sherborne School
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
English male novelists
20th-century English male writers
21st-century English male writers


Jerry Houston Bell (born October 6, 1947) is a former Major League Baseball pitcher. Bell played for the Milwaukee Brewers for four seasons. He batted right and left and threw right-handed.
In 1972 he led the pitching staff in ERA with 1.66.

Bell attended Jesup High School and then Rhodes College where he was drafted by the Seattle Pilots (now known as the Milwaukee Brewers) in the 2nd round of the 1969 draft.

External links

1947 births
Living people
Major League Baseball pitchers
Baseball players from Tennessee
Belmont Bruins baseball players
Rhodes Lynx baseball players
Milwaukee Brewers players
Evansville Triplets players
San Antonio Brewers players
Portland Beavers players
Clinton Pilots players
Sacramento Solons players
Raleigh-Durham Triangles players
Newark Co-Pilots players
Oklahoma City 89ers players
Salt Lake City Angels players


Rough Night in Jericho may refer to:

 Rough Night in Jericho (album), a 1988 album by Dreams So Real
 Rough Night in Jericho (film), a 1967 western film starring Dean Martin


Robert Wardy is reader in Classics at the University of Cambridge, and Director of Studies in Philosophy and Classics at St Catharine's College, Cambridge.

Publications
Aristotle in China: Language, Categories And Translation
The Birth of Rhetoric: Gorgias, Plato and Their Successors
The Chain of Change: A Study of Aristotle's Physics VII
Doing Greek Philosophy

References

Philosophy academics
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American classical scholars
Members of the University of Cambridge faculty of classics
American scholars of ancient Greek philosophy
Fellows of St Catharine's College, Cambridge


Rachel Noerdlinger (born November 14, 1970) is an American publicist and longtime communications advisor to National Action Network and national civil rights leader Rev. Al Sharpton. She served as chief of staff to New York City First Lady Chirlane McCray. After leaving public service, Noerdlinger became a managing director at Mercury Public Affairs.

Education and family
Rachel Noerdlinger is the adopted daughter of Peter and Judy Noerdlinger. Noerdlinger is black, and her parents are white. In 1996, Noerdlinger wrote a Washington Post op-ed arguing that black adoptees should be placed with white families only "as a last resort". Noerdlinger later stated that after she became pregnant with her son, Khari, her views on transracial adoption changed. Noerdlinger is a graduate of Mills College, an all-women's college in Oakland, California.

Career
A publicist, Noerdlinger is the President of Noerdlinger Media. She interned at the Terrie Williams Agency, a preeminent African-American public relations firm. While interning at the Terrie Williams Agency, Noerdlinger worked with attorney Johnnie Cochran, whom she later served as a public relations advisor. She developed a strong relationship with one of Cochran's clients, Al Sharpton. Her PR firm worked on the Sean Bell case, the Jena Six case, and the Megan Williams case. She was Press Secretary for Sharpton's 2004 United States Democratic Presidential run. She has had a weekly segment on Sharpton's radio show. She has been called "the public relations force behind Rev. Al Sharpton and National Action Network"; she has advised Sharpton and the Network on communications since the late 1990s.

Noerdlinger Media's clients also include or have included The Cochran Firm; Paul B. Weitz and Associates; Lifflander and Reich, LLP; Rubenstein and Rynecki; and Sunshine Sachs Public Relations. Noerdlinger worked on  many high-profile criminal justice reform cases including the case of Eric Garner in New York and Stephon Clark in Sacramento.

After serving as Chief of Staff to New York City First Lady Chirlane McCray, Noerdlinger became a Managing Director at Mercury Public Affairs.

Chief of Staff to Chirlane McCray
On January 20, 2014, New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio appointed Noerdlinger as Chief of Staff to New York City First Lady Chirlane McCray, a position that had not existed previously. Her annual salary was $170,000.

Noerdlinger's appointment led to controversy: Noerdlinger was criticized for not disclosing in a background questionnaire that she lived with her boyfriend, Hassaun McFarlane, who has an extensive criminal record that includes guilty pleas for manslaughter and drug trafficking. Noerdlinger was not disciplined for this omission, as the Department of Investigation "found no evidence of intent to deceive the Mayor or City Hall." Reports also indicated that Noerdlinger's home in Edgewater, New Jersey had a $28,190 federal tax lien placed on it in 2011. Noerdlinger had an outstanding E-ZPass bill of more than $7,000 for unpaid tolls and related fees on two license plates, but was paying those debts through a payment plan.

De Blasio defended Noerdlinger, comparing media attacks on her to McCarthyism and asserting that she was being treated unfairly. De Blasio added that he had never questioned Noerdlinger's judgment.

On November 18, 2014, a few days after her son had been arrested for trespassing, Noerdlinger took an unpaid leave of absence from her position at City Hall. She stepped down later that month. In December 2014, McCray replaced Noerdlinger with Roxanne John, a longtime family friend, at a salary of $200,000. McCray also appointed former National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration official Jackie Bray as deputy chief of staff (a position which had not previously existed) at a salary of $125,000.

References

Businesspeople from Albuquerque, New Mexico
Businesspeople from New York City
African-American businesspeople
American public relations people
American women in business
Mills College alumni
1970 births
Living people
People from Edgewater, New Jersey
American adoptees
21st-century African-American people
21st-century African-American women
20th-century African-American people
20th-century African-American women


Hong Jin-joo or Jin-Joo Hong (, born 28 February 1983) is a South Korean professional golfer who plays on the LPGA of Korea Tour (KLPGA). She previously played on the LPGA Tour and has three professional wins.

Biography
Born in Seoul, Hong began to play golf when she was 11 years old. After playing on the LPGA of Korea Tour (KLPGA Tour) from 2004 to 2006, she won the 2006 KOLON-Hana Bank Championship, an event co-sanctioned by the LPGA Tour, to earn exempt status on the LPGA the following year. Hong decided to join the LPGA Tour for the 2007 season, moving from South Korea to the United States. After earning about $162,000 during 2007, she made approximately $339,000 the next season. In her three years on the LPGA Tour, Hong recorded two top-10 finishes; a fourth-place finish in the 2008 Evian Masters was her highest finish after becoming fully exempt on the circuit.

In addition to her KOLON-Hana Bank Championship title, Hong earned a win on the KLPGA Tour in the 2006 season. In 2009, she went back to the KLPGA Tour, and had one top-10 finish, a tie for ninth at the MBC Tour Lotte Mart Ladies Open. Hong placed in the top 10 seven times during the 2010 KLPGA season; her results included a second-place finish in the Woori Investment & Securities Ladies Championship and a tie for fourth at the Korea Women's Open. After playing 11 events in 2011, with a single top-10 performance, she had three top-10s the following year in 16 tournaments; her best result was fourth at the LIG Classic. In 2013, she played on the LPGA of Japan Tour, in addition to one appearance on the KLPGA, and had one top-10 finish in 16 total events, a tie for ninth in the CyberAgent Ladies Golf Tournament. Hong gave birth to a son in 2014, and a subsequent shoulder injury hampered her when she attempted to resume her golfing career. She missed the cut in 10 of 27 tournaments in 2015, although she finished joint second at the Bogner-MBN Ladies Open.

In 2016, Hong won the KLPGA Tour's Fantom Classic in a playoff for her first professional victory since 2006. That was one of her five top-10 finishes for the year, which included a tie for sixth at the Korea Women's Open. Hong missed the cut 11 times in 27 events the following season, with her highest finish a tie for ninth at the World Ladies Championship. In the 2018 season, she played 26 tournaments with one top-10 result, a tie for seventh in the McCol-Yongpyong Resort Open. The following year, Hong made the cut once in her four events played, finishing tied for 35th at the Celltrion Queens Masters. In 16 tournaments played in 2020, she had one top-20 finish.

Professional wins (3)

LPGA Tour wins (1)

KLPGA Tour wins (2)
2006 (1) SK EnClean-Solux Invitational
2016 (1) Fantom Classic

Results in LPGA majors

DNP = did not play
WD = withdrew
"T" = tied
CUT = missed the half-way cut

Sources:

LPGA Tour career summary

Official as of 23 May 2010.

References

External links

Biography on seoulsisters.com

South Korean female golfers
LPGA of Japan Tour golfers
LPGA of Korea Tour golfers
LPGA Tour golfers
Golfers from Seoul
Sportspeople from San Bernardino County, California
1983 births
Living people


Events in the year 1649 in Norway.

Incumbents
Monarch: Frederick III

Events
The Hassel Iron Works, starts to operate.

Arts and literature

Births
25 April – Ludvig Stoud, priest (died 1705).
27 September – Jonas Danilssønn Ramus, priest and historian (died 1718).

Deaths

References


Live In Japan is a live album from Simian Mobile Disco. It was released on 7 July 2008 on Wichita Recordings and Hostess records in Japan.

Although the album is made one only track, the track listing given inside the CD case shows only Simian Mobile Disco tracks, except for Ladyflash which was originally composed by The Go! Team and remixed by Simian Mobile Disco for the single release of the track and live purposes.

Track listing
 "Sleep Deprivation"
 "Animal House"
 "Ladyflash" (Simian Mobile Disco's remix of The Go! Team song)
 "It's the Beat"
 "System"
 "Hustler"
 "Tits and Acid"
 "Scott"

References

Simian Mobile Disco albums
Albums produced by James Ford (musician)
2008 live albums