The fifth edition of the Pan Pacific Swimming Championships, a long course (50 m) event involving countries in the Pacific region, was held on August 12–15, 1993 in Kobe, Japan.

Competing nations

Results

Men's events

Legend: WR: World record, CR: Championship record

Women's events

Legend: WR: World record, CR: Championship record

See also
List of Pan Pacific Championships records in swimming

References
For the Record, Swimming World Magazine, October 1993.

Pan Pacific Swimming Championships
Pan Pacific
Pan Pacific Swimming Championships
International aquatics competitions hosted by Japan
Swimming competitions in Japan


Bryophila is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was described by Treitschke in 1825.

Taxonomy
Robert W. Poole (1989) considered Bryophila to be a synonym of Cryphia Hübner, 1818.

Species
Subgenus Scythobrya
Bryophila maeonis Lederer, 1865 Cyprus, Asia Minor, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan, Iraq, Iran, Armenia, southern European Russia, Turkmenistan, north-western Kazakhstan, Kirghizstan, Afghanistan
Bryophila paulina Staudinger, [1892] Syria, Palestine, Egypt, Arabia
Bryophila eucharista (Boursin, 1960) Iran
Bryophila occidentalis Osthelder, 1933 Turkey
Bryophila icterica (Boursin, 1960) Afghanistan
Bryophila hedygrapha (Boursin, 1963) Afghanistan
Bryophila ancharista (Boursin, 1970) Pakistan
Bryophila uzahovi (Ronkay & Herczig, 1991) Caucasus
Bryophila salomonis (Boursin, 1954) Iran (Elburs)
Bryophila plumbeola Staudinger, 1881 Syria, western Turkestan
Bryophila molybdea (Boursin, 1960) Afghanistan
Bryophila omotoi (Boursin, 1967) Afghanistan
Bryophila hampsoni Draudt, 1931 northern Alai
Bryophila duskei Christoph, 1893 Transcaucasus
Bryophila literata Moore, 1881 Kashmir, Punjab
Bryophila subliterata Filipjev, 1931 Pamirs
Bryophila klapperichi (Boursin, 1960) Afghanistan
Bryophila miltophaea Hampson, 1908 western Turkestan
Bryophila ochrophaea Hampson, 1908 Kasmir
Bryophila idonea Christoph, 1893 Turkey, northern Iran
Bryophila puengeleri Draudt, 1931 China (Xinjiang)
Bryophila vilis Hampson, 1908 western Turkestan
Bryophila mongolica  Boursin, 1961) Mongolia (eastern Tannuola)
Bryophila kaszabi Pekarsky, Volynkin & Matov, 2014 western Mongolia
Subgenus Bryoleuca
Bryophila seladona Christoph, 1885 eastern Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, southern European Russia, Ukraine, North Macedonia, northern Greece, Bulgaria, Turkey
Bryophila raddei (Boursin, 1953) Transcaucasia, north-eastern Turkey, Armenia, north-western Iran
Bryophila malachitica Ronkay, Fibiger & Steiner, 2009 Caucasus
Bryophila vandalusiae Duponchel, 1842 south-western Europe, southern France, Corsica, Morocco, Libya, Egypt
Bryophila thinicola (Hreblay & Ronkay, 1998) Nepal
Bryophila ravuloides (Boursin, 1954) Kashmir
Bryophila rectilinea (Warren, 1909) Italy, south-eastern Europe, Asia Minor, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Iraq
Bryophila amseli (Boursin, 1952) Israel
Bryophila microphysa (Boursin, 1952) Cyprus
Bryophila tephrocharis (Boursin, 1954) south-eastern Europe, Turkey, Iran, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Cyprus
Bryophila ravula (Hübner, [1813]) France, Switzerland, southern Germany, northern Africa, south-western Europe
Bryophila rueckbeili (Boursin, 1953) Turkestan
Bryophila ereptricula Treitschke, 1825 Europe
Bryophila galathea Millière, 1875 southern France
Bryophila amoenissima Turati, 1909 Italy
Bryophila petricolor Lederer, 1870 northern Greece, Transcaucasus, Armenia, northern Iran
Bryophila pittawayi (Wiltshire, 1986) Arabia
Bryophila harithya (Wiltshire, 1990)
Bryophila remanei (Heydemann & Schulte, 1963) Iraq
Bryophila labecula Lederer, 1855 Syria
Bryophila thamanaea Hampson, 1908 Iran
Bryophila raptricula (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) northern Africa, EU, Near East, Central Asia, Korea
Bryophila felina (Eversmann, 1852) Armenia, Turkestan
Bryophila pljushtchi (Pekarsky, 2015) Afghanistan
Bryophila volodia (An, Choi & Ronkay, 2013) Vietnam
Bryophila nahnybidai (Pekarsky, 2014)
Bryophila protracta Christoph, 1893 Turkey
Bryophila diehli (Boursin, 1960) Saudi Arabia
Bryophila omega (Gyulai & Ronkay, 2001) Qinghai
Bryophila zeta (Plante, 1989)
Bryophila orthogramma (Boursin, 1954) Turkestan, Ukraine, Moldova, Bulgaria, Serbia, Kosovo, south-eastern Siberia, Korea, Japan
Bryophila gea (Boursin, 1954) Algeria, Morocco, Spain
Bryophila hannemanni (Boursin, 1961) Margelan
Bryophila eucta Hampson, 1908 northern Iran, western Turkestan
Bryophila argentacea Bytinski-Salz & Brandt, 1937 Iran
Bryophila ovchi (Pekarsky, 2019) Tajikistan
Subgenus Moureia
Bryophila microglossa (Rambur, 1858) Algeria, Spain, Syria
Bryophila petrea Guenée, 1852 south-western Europe, southern France, Corsica, Greece, Kurdistan, Asia Minor, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Iraq, Cyprus
Subgenus Bryophila
Bryophila domestica (Hufnagel, 1766) southern Europe, France, southern Sweden, Germany, Poland, Austria, Switzerland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria
Bryophila diachorisma (Boursin, 1960) Afghanistan
Bryophila gigantea (Boursin, 1960) Afghanistan
Bryophila orocharis Boursin, 1944 western Himalayas
Bryophila eberti (Boursin, 1961) Afghanistan
Bryophila albimixta Sugi, 1980 Korea, Japan
Bryophila granitalis (Butler, 1881) Korea, Japan
Bryophila herczigi (Hreblay & Ronkay, 2000) Taiwan
Bryophila barbaria (Schawerda, 1934) Morocco
Bryophila schwingenschussi (Boursin, 1954) Algeria
Bryophila blepharista (Boursin, 1954) Morocco
Bryophila aerumna Culot, 1912 Algeria
Bryophila duseutrei Oberthür, 1922 Morocco
Subgenus Hymenocryphia
Bryophila modesta Moore, 1881 Punjab
Bryophila pulverosa (Warren, 1909) Kashmir
Bryophila pelidna (Boursin, 1967) Afghanistan
Bryophila cyanea (Boursin, 1969) India (Unies)
Bryophila subcyanea (Hreblay & Ronkay, 1999) Nepal
Bryophila beigli (Hacker, 1990)
Bryophila canosparsa Draudt, 1950 Yunnan
Bryophila wiltshirei (Boursin, 1954) Kashmir
Bryophila strobinoi (Dujardin, 1972) Greece
Bryophila altivolans (Hacker, 1990)
Bryophila pulverulenta Boursin, 1944 western Himalayas
Bryophila kautti (Hacker, 1996)
Bryophila testouti Boursin, 1944 western Yunnan

References

Bryophilinae
Moth genera


Bryopolia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Charles Boursin in 1954.

Species
Bryopolia bryoxenoides Gyulai & Varga, 1998 Kyrgyzstan
Bryopolia boursini Plante, 1983 Afghanistan
Bryopolia chamaeleon (Alphéraky, 1887) Turkestan
Bryopolia chrysospora Boursin, 1954 Turkestan
Bryopolia holosericea Boursin, 1960 Afghanistan
Bryopolia monotona Varga, Ronkay & Hacker, 1990 Afghanistan
Bryopolia orophasma Boursin, 1960 Afghanistan
Bryopolia ronkayorum Hacker & Kautt, 1996
Bryopolia tenuicornis (Alphéraky, 1887) Turkestan
Bryopolia thomasi Varga, Ronkay & Hacker, 1990 Ladakh, Pakistan
Bryopolia tsvetaevi Varga & Ronkay, 1990 Afghanistan, Pamir
Bryopolia tribulis Plante, 1983 Afghanistan
Bryopolia virescens (Hampson, 1894) Kashmir

References

Cuculliinae


Aleksandr Konstantinovich Voronsky (;  – 13 August 1937) was a prominent humanist Marxist literary critic, theorist and editor of the 1920s, disfavored and purged in 1937 for his work with the Left Opposition and Leon Trotsky during and after the October Revolution. Voronsky's writings were hidden away in the Soviet Union, until his autobiography, Waters of Life and Death, and anthology, Art as the Cognition of Life were translated and published in English.

Early life
Voronsky was born in the village of Khoroshavka in Tambov Governorate; his father was the village priest, Konstantin Osipovich Voronsky, who died when Aleksandr was a few years old. It is likely Voronsky was not the family name, but was taken up his father because his parish was located on the river Vorona. After attending a Tambov religious school, in 1900 he enrolled in the Tambov Seminary, where he helped organize an illegal library for the seminary students. In 1904 he joined the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party, and the following year he was expelled from the seminary for "political unreliability".

During the 1905 revolution, he moved to St. Petersburg, and applied to join the Bolsheviks. The local organisers, Sergei Malyshev and Maria Ulyanova, younger sister of the Bolshevik leader, Vladimir Lenin, initially turned him away because they thought he was too excitable and liable to buckle under arrest. but he persisted, and was put to work first as a courier, and then running a printing press. In September 1906 he was arrested and sentenced to a year of solitary confinement. Soon after his release he was arrested again in Vladimir and sentenced to two years of exile.

On his way to Yarensk in Vologda guberniya Voronsky met his future wife, Serafima Solomonovna Pesina, another young Bolshevik. After finishing his exile in 1910 he moved to Moscow and then Saratov, where he helped form a provincial group of Bolsheviks and organize a number of major strikes. In January 1912 he was one of 18 delegates to the Prague Party Conference, at which he took the minutes of the conference and spoke strongly for a mass daily workers' newspaper. On his return to Russia he continued underground work and was rearrested on May 8; his exile ended in September 1914, when he returned to Tambov with his wife and newborn daughter, Galina, moving to Ekaterinoslav the following year.

Participation in the Bolshevik Revolution
When the February Revolution came, he became a member of the Odessa Executive Committee of the Council of Workers' Deputies and edited the local Bolshevik newspaper, Golos proletariya (Voice of the Proletariat). After the October Revolution, he helped the Bolsheviks take power in Odessa and in early 1918 moved to Saratov, Moscow, and then Ivanovo, where he assisted his friend Mikhail Frunze, edited the newspaper Rabochii krai (Workers' Land), and headed the provincial Party Committee.

Literary and political career

In January 1921 Voronsky left for Moscow, where he met with Lenin and Gorky to discuss plans for a new "thick journal" (the traditional Russian combination of literary magazine and political journal), which was called Krasnaya Nov (Red Virgin Soil) when the first issue was published in June, with Gorky listed as editor of its literary section. In 1923 he organized a new publishing house, Krug (Circle). Krasnaya Nov was a revival of a 19th century Russian tradition of the 'thick' journal - a periodical containing hundrrds of pages, with sections on history, science, literature etc. The first issue of Krasnaya Nov contained 300 pages. Contributors to early issues included high ranking Bolsheviks - Lenin, Nadezhda Krupskaya, Nikolai Bukharin, Karl Radek, Yevgeni Preobrazhensky the late Rosa Luxemburg and others - who wrote "not the polite testimonials one might expect of busy politicians, but substantial and thoughtful articles."

What proved to be the most controversial section of the magazine at the time was the literary section. Voronsky accepted contributions from "ideologically confused" writers, , who were classed as "fellow travellers", meaning that they were not communists, nor politically active, but were not hostile to the regime,  such as Boris Pasternak, Alexei Tolstoy, Sergei Yesenin, Boris Pilnyak, Konstantin Fedin, Vsevolod Ivanov, and Leonid Leonov and was one of the few Party critics to recognize the gifts of Isaac Babel. According to the eminent Russian critic, Gleb Struve, Krasnaya Nov was "the principal refuge of fellow travellers". Voronsky also hosted literary evenings in his double room in the Hotel National, Moscow, where writers and leading Bolsheviks met, everyone brought a bottle of red wine and poetry or prose was read by their authors.

In the fractured cultural scene of the early 1920s, Voronsky and Krasnaya Nov became the main target of groups like the Russian Association of Proletarian Writers (RAPP), who argued that literature was a weapon in the class struggle, and thick journals like Krasnaya Nov were "fortresses and beachheads of the armies of literature" and therefore by publishing works by 'bourgeois' writers, according to the critic Ilya Vardin, Voronsky had "become a weapon in the cause of reinforcing the position of the bourgeoisie," and was "utterly hopeless in the resolution of the active political tasks of the proletariat in the field of literature."

At the start of this campaign, Voronsky was in a strong position because he had high level party support. When the Press Section of the Central Committee convened the first officially sponsored debate on literary politics, held over two days in May 1924, Voronsky was the main speaker in defence of 'fellow travellers', backed by Trotsky, Radek, Bukharin, Anatoly Lunacharsky and other major Bolsheviks, while his leading opponents, Vardin, and Leopold Averbakh were relatively minor figures. The outcome was a cautiously worded statement which established the principle of party intervention in literary disputes.

Voronsky's strongest ally at the top end of the communist party was Leon Trotsky, who did not believe that in this early stage of the revolution there was any such thing as 'proletarian art', but only "the simple formula of a pseudo-proletarian art", which, he wrote, was "not Marxism, but reactionary populism." Trotysky's book, Literature and Revolution was originally published in Krasnaya Nov in 1924.  Also in 1924, Voronsky hosted a literary evening in his flat, to hear a recitation of a poem by Eduard Bagritsky, where guests included Trotsky, Radek, and Isaac Babel, at which Radek spoke disparagingly about the party leadership. This soiree formed of the case against Babel when he was arrested and shot 16 years later.

In October 1923, Voronsky signed The Declaration of 46, drawn up by Bolsheviks who were backing Trotsky in the power struggle that developed while Lenin was terminally ill.

In an autobiography, published in 1927, he described hearing Trotsky speak at a public meeting in 1917 - "His words were cooling, sober, and among the jubilation and joyful excitement they sounded for the first time for me on that day, the exorbitance and heaviness of the paths of the revolution, the inflexibility and ruthlessness of its iron heel, its calculation and its will to subdue chaos and the elements."

Voronsky's aesthetics
Although Voronsky considered himself an orthodox Marxist, he was far from the ideological rigidity that was enforced after Stalin took control. Victor Ehrlich called him "flexible and humane" and wrote:He combined political orthodoxy with a strong personal commitment to literature, a commitment underpinned by an aesthetic which, though not incompatible with Marxism, could be easily construed within the Soviet Marxist framework as a "bourgeois-idealistic" heresy. To Voronsky, art was not primarily a matter of mobilizing or manipulating group emotions on behalf of a class-determined world view. It was a distinctive form of cognition, a largely intuitive mode of apprehending reality ... a true artist, armed by intuition and creative integrity, cannot help seeing and embodying in his work certain truths that run counter to his conscious bias and to the interests of his class ... No wonder Red Virgin Soil ... became one of the most vital and readable Russian periodicals in the 1920s.

Voronsky expounded the idea of aesthetic evaluation, an exercise in dialectical materialism that combined the search for objective truth with the complexity of human emotion and feeling. Voronsky's criticism of art lay in opposition to the artificial representation of life presented in Stalin's school of socialist realism. Voronsky, in agreement with Trotsky, viewed art as an exercise between the subjective and the objective world of the artist to facilitate a deeper understanding of humanity. Aesthetic evaluation, he wrote, requires a strong correlation to the nature of the object portrayed.

Defeat and death
Voronsky's friendship with Trotsky, which was an asset at the start of the controversy over 'proletarian literature' became the cause of his political destruction, and death.

In June 1924, the party leadership, now controlled by Trotsky's enemies, Joseph Stalin and Grigory Zinoviev appointed two new members of the editorial board of Krasnaya Nov. One was a party official, the other was Fyodor Raskolnikov, a former sailor who aspired to be a proletarian writer. By January 1925, Voronsky was no longer listed as an editor, but soon afterwards he was reinstated and Raskolnikov had been removed - possibly because Maxim Gorky had angrily refused to contribute to the journal under the new editorship. But over the next three years "RAPP cleverly targeted Voronsky's most vulnerable point, his friendship with Trotsky"

In May 1927, Voronsky used Krasnaya Nov to attack Averbakh over the way he was controlling the newly formed Federation of Organisations of Soviet Writers. In a reply, published in Pravda, the head of the Press Section of the Central Committee, Sergei Gusev accused Voronsky of being a Trotskyist, and/or a Socialist Revolutionary. In response, Voronsky denied the political charges, offerted to co-operate with RAPP if Averbakh was removed form its leadership, and declared that any fate was better than being suffocated by Averbakh's "literary fumes."

In October 1927, Voronsky was relieved of his duties as editor of the journal. In February 1928 he was expelled from the Party, and in January 1929 he was arrested and exiled to Lipetsk. From there hew rote to the Central Committee declaring:

In 1930, he was permitted to return to Moscow, where he continued to write and edit for Gosizdat but was no longer prominent as a critic. American Max Eastman describes Voronsky's increasingly untenable position in a chapter called "Voronsky's Fight For Truth" in his 1934 book Artists in Uniform.

Voronsky was expelled from the party for a second time in 1935, and was arrested early in the Great Purge on 1 February 1937. At his trial, on 13 August 1937, which lasted only a few minutes he stood up and told the judges that history's judgement would be that they had betrayed the revolution, not he. He was sentenced to death, and shot the same day.

Rehabilitation
Twenty years after his execution, in 1957, Voronsky received official state rehabilitation in the U.S.S.R. However, his work remained heavily censored and devoid of the criticism of socialist realism as well as of the growing Stalinist bureaucracy from his time with the Left Opposition.

Voronsky's essays were translated by researcher Frederick Choate and published in the book Art as the Cognition of Life in 1998 after four years of extensive research inside Moscow libraries between 1991 and 1995. These writings were finally accessible as a result of the fall of the Soviet Union and the change in political climate.

He wrote Za zhivoi i mertvoi vodoi (Russian text) (1927, 1929; tr. as Waters of Life and Death, 1936), "two fine volumes of memoirs."

References

External links
 A. K. Voronsky website
 A. K. Voronsky Archive at Marxists.org

1884 births
1937 deaths
People from Inzhavinsky District
People from Kirsanovsky Uyezd
Russian Social Democratic Labour Party members
Old Bolsheviks
Left Opposition
Russian Trotskyists
All-Russian Central Executive Committee members
Russian literary critics
Russian male essayists
Russian avant-garde
Soviet journalists
Soviet literary critics
Soviet literary historians
Soviet male writers
20th-century male writers
20th-century essayists
Great Purge victims from Russia
Russian people executed by the Soviet Union
Soviet rehabilitations


Bryotype is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Bryotype flavipicta (Hampson, 1894)
 Bryotype harmodina Draudt, 1950
 Bryotype mesomelana (Hampson, 1902)

References
 Bryotype  at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Cuculliinae


Bryotypella is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Bryotypella leucosticta (Moore, 1882)

References
 Bryotypella at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Xyleninae


Bryoxena is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Bryoxena centralasiae (Staudinger, 1882)

References
 Bryoxena at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Xyleninae


Buciara is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Buciara bipartita Walker, 1869

References
 Buciara at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuinae


Bucinna is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
Bucinna divisalis (Walker, 1866)
Bucinna obagitalis (Walker, 1859)

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Calpinae


Bulia is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae.

Species
 Bulia brunnearis (Guenée, 1852)
 Bulia confirmans Walker, [1858]
 Bulia deducta Morrison, 1875
 Bulia mexicana Behr, 1870
 Bulia schausi Richards, 1936
 Bulia similaris Richards, 1936

Former species
 Bulia bolinalis (Walker, 1866)
 Bulia morelosa Richards, 1941

References

External links

Melipotini
Moth genera


Burdettia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
Burdettia braziliensis  (Schaus, 1904)
Burdettia lignealisoides  Poole, 1989
Burdettia rivalis  (Schaus, 1904)

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Calpinae


Burgena is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
There are 20 species within the genus Burgena. These are:
 Burgena amoena Rothschild, 1896
 Burgena anisa
 Burgena arruana
 Burgena baia
 Burgena chalybeata Rothschild, 1896
 Burgena constricta
 Burgena diserta
 Burgena dispar
 Burgena educta
 Burgena euxantha
 Burgena leucida
 Burgena luteistriga
 Burgena pectoralis
 Burgena ravida
 Burgena reducta
 Burgena rookensis
 Burgena splendida Butler, 1887
 Burgena transducta
 Burgena tripartita
 Burgena varia Walker, 1854

References

Agaristinae


Busseola is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae described by Friedrich Thurau in 1904.

Species
 Busseola convexilimba Strand, 1912
 Busseola fusca (Fuller, 1901)
 Busseola fuscantis Hampson, 1918
 Busseola hirsuta Boursin, 1954
 Busseola longistriga (Draudt, 1950)
 Busseola mesophaea Hampson, 1914
 Busseola obliquifascia (Hampson, 1909)
 Busseola pallidicosta (Hampson, 1902)
 Busseola phaia Bowden, 1956
 Busseola praepallens (Hampson, 1910)
 Busseola quadrata Bowden, 1956
 Busseola rufidorsata Hampson, 1914
 Busseola sacchariphaga T. B. Fletcher, 1928
 Busseola segeta Bowden, 1956
 Busseola submarginalis (Hampson, 1891)

References

Hadeninae


Butleronea is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References

External links
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Buzara is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae.

Taxonomy
Several species now in the genus where formerly placed in the genus Dysgonia.

Species
The genus includes the following species:

Buzara chrysomela Walker, 1864 (syn: Buzara eurychrysa (Meyrick, 1889), Buzara gestroi Oberthuer, 1880)
Buzara circumducta Warren, 1912
Buzara feneratrix (Guenée, 1852)
Buzara forceps (Kobes, 1985)
Buzara frontinus (Donovan, 1805)
Buzara infractafinis (Lucas, 1894)
Buzara lageos (Guenée, 1852)
Buzara latizona (Butler, 1874)
Buzara lua (Strand, 1816)
Buzara luteipalpis (Walker)
Buzara onelia (Guenée, 1852)
Buzara propyrrha (Walker, 1858)
Buzara roulera (Swinhoe, 1909)
Buzara pseudoumbrosa
Buzara saikehi
Buzara umbrosa (Walker, 1865)

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Genus info

Ophiusini
Moth genera


Zilog Encore! 32 is an ARM9-based microcontroller by Zilog, Inc. It was the company's second attempt to produce ARM-based controllers.

This system-on-a-chip includes an integrated memory controller, interfaces such as Universal Serial Bus (USB), liquid crystal display (LCD) and Serial Peripheral Interface Bus (SPI).

Variants include version supporting magnetic stripe reader or smart card reader.

Toolkit also includes Linux support.

Specifications
External Bus Interface: dual
SPI: 2
UARTs: 3
USB version: 2.0 On-The-Go
DMA Channels: 8
10-Bit ADC Channels
Timers/counters: 9
LCD Interface: monochrome
SRAM: 64 KiB
Core speed: 200 MHz

External links
Zilog page
Zilog Introduces Encore! 32 Series Microcontroller for Control, Connectivity and Security Embedded Applications
Z80 inventor Zilog embraces ARM9, Linux

ARM-based microcontrollers


David R. Montgomery is a professor of earth and space sciences at the University of Washington in Seattle, where he is a member of the Quaternary Research Center.

Montgomery received his B.S. in geology from Stanford University in 1984, and his Ph.D. in geomorphology from University of California, Berkeley in 1991. His research addresses the evolution of topography and the influence of geomorphological processes on ecosystems and human societies.  His published work includes studies of the role of topsoil in human civilization, the evolution and near-extirpation of salmon, geomorphological processes in mountain drainage basins, the evolution of mountain ranges, and the use of digital topography. He has conducted field research in eastern Tibet, South America, the Philippines, Alaska, and the American Pacific Northwest.

Montgomery's first popular-audience book, King of Fish: The Thousand-Year Run of Salmon explored the history of salmon fisheries in Europe, New England, California, and the Pacific Northwest.  It won the 2004 Washington State Book Award in General Nonfiction.

In 2008 Montgomery received a MacArthur Fellowship.  His book, Dirt: The Erosion of Civilizations won the 2008 Washington State Book Award in General Nonfiction.

Montgomery's 2012 book, The Rocks Don't Lie: A Geologist Investigates Noah's Flood explores the relationship between catastrophic floods in the distant past, flood legends, "Noachian flood geology", and geologic discovery over the past several hundred years. It won the 2013 Washington State Book Award in General Nonfiction.

After the catastrophic Oso mudslide in Washington State in March, 2014, Montgomery appeared on various news segments to discuss the science behind landslides. He appears in DamNation the 2014 documentary film about dam removal in the United States.

In 2015, Montgomery appeared, as a geologist, in the PBS documentary film, Making North America.

In 2016, Montgomery published The Hidden Half of Nature: The Microbial Roots of Life and Health, a collaboration with Anne Biklé.  The book addresses the relationship between microbial life, plants, and people.

His most recent work, Growing A Revolution: Bringing Our Soil Back to Life, was released with W.W. Norton and Company in May 2017.

He married Anne B. Biklé on September 7, 2000. She is a biologist and landscape architect who has worked in "field biology, watershed restoration, environmental planning, and public health."

References

Further reading

External links

 David R. Montgomery home page
 author page

Living people
Educators from Seattle
Stanford University alumni
University of California, Berkeley alumni
University of Washington faculty
Writers from Seattle
MacArthur Fellows
American geomorphologists
Year of birth missing (living people)


The Museo Nacional de las Culturas (MNC; National Museum of Cultures) is a national museum in Mexico City  dedicated to education about the world's cultures, both past and present. It is housed in a colonial-era building that used to be the mint for making coins. Prior to this, the site was the home of the location of the Moctezuma's Black House. The mint was moved to Apartado Street in 1850, and the building was used for various purposes until it was converted to its current use in 1966.

Aztec site
The museum is located on the site of the original Aztec building that was a part of Moctezuma's "New Palaces" complex called the "Casa Denegrida" (Black House) by Spanish invaders, who described it as a windowless room painted in black. In here, Moctezuma would meditate on what he was told by professional seers and shamans. During the Invasion, this Black House, along with the rest of Moctezuma's New Palaces was nearly destroyed. This site was part of lands given to Hernán Cortés by the Spanish Crown as a reward for the invasion of Mexico, and Cortés rebuilt the New Palaces/Black House complex in Spanish style, using much of the building materials of the old Aztec buildings. Cortes’ son later inherited this palace, only to later sell it back to Felipe V in order to establish the vice-regal palace.

Recently, excavations here and next door at the National Palace have unearthed parts of a wall and a basalt floor believed to be part of the Black House. More excavations are planned.

Colonial era mint

Originally, minting operations were based in the city hall. However, due to the increased prosperity of the colony and the need for more coin production, minting operations were moved here in 1731. The mint's director at the time, Nicolás Peinado, was also an architect and made the initial plans. Worked was carried out by Pedro de Arrieta and Lorenzo Rodríguez. However, problems with the remodeling surfaced, resulting in the viceroy naming Jose Eduardo Herrera to take over, and Peinado ended up in jail. The remodeling was finally completed by Luis Diez Navarro.

This mint is responsible for the name of the street on which it is located, called Moneda, which means "coin". The building was again expanded between 1772 and 1779 by Miguel Constanzó, Lorenzo Rodriguez, and Jose Damian Ortiz

Conversion to museum

In 1850, minting operations were moved to Apartado Street, and this building was used by a number of entities such as the Engraving School, the Supreme Court, minister of the interior and government graphic design department.

In 1865, Emperor Maximilian decided to put the Public Museum of Natural History, Archeology and History here, beginning with pieces donated by the Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico and the National Museum founded by President Guadalupe Victoria in 1825.  At the beginning of the 20th century, artist Rufino Tamayo painted the mural called "La Revolución" (The Revolution) in which he depicts the Mexican Revolution. This mural can still be seen in the lobby. While the museum was initially successful, it eventually declined and much of its collection was moved to other institutions.  The collection of items related to natural history was moved to the Chopo Museum in 1909, and the collection of Mexican historical items were mostly moved to the museum at the Castle of Chapultepec in 1944. Much of the remaining items were transferred to the Museo Nacional de Antropología e Historia by 1964.

National Cultural Museum

This colonial-era building was named a national monument in 1931, but when the new Museum of Anthropology opened the site was left vacant. Beatriz Barba and Julio César Olivé proposed that the space be converted into a museum featuring world cultures. After renovation, the building opened on 5 December 1965, with Barba serving as its deputy director until 1976  as the Cultural Museum, with rooms dedicated to demonstrating cultural artifacts from around the world.  This museum dedicated to the world's past and present cultures is the only one of its type in Latin America. The museum has sixteen permanent display rooms and three rooms for temporary exhibits. Some of the rooms are dedicated prehistoric cultures remains such as cave paintings and implements associated with the origins of sedentary, agricultural societies. Other rooms are devoted to ancient Mesopotamia as well as ancient Greece and Rome.

In the Age of Exploration room, items from the time of initial European contact with the Americas are on display. For modern cultures, there are exhibits from all continents and some dedicated to cultures little-known in Mexico such as that of Samoa or New Ireland. Since its founding, the museum has received over 12,000 pieces from around the world. These pieces include textiles, glass objects, porcelain, photographs, arms, kimono, masks, jewelry and sculptures. Many of these objects are originals and some are quite old. The museum still receives donations of objects. One of the most recent is of board inlaid with mother-of-pearl from Vietnam.

References

Culturas
Culturas
Culturas
Culturas
Culturas
Culturas
Historic center of Mexico City
Aztec sites
Landmarks in Mexico City
National Monuments of Mexico
History of Mexico City
Buildings and structures completed in 1731
1731 establishments in New Spain
18th-century establishments in Mexico
1865 establishments in Mexico
1966 establishments in Mexico
Colonial Mexico
Baroque architecture in Mexico
Spanish Colonial architecture in Mexico


Lost Ones or The Lost Ones may refer to:

Film
The Lost One (German: Der Verlorene), a 1951 West German film starring and directed by Peter Lorre
The Lost One (film), an alternate title for the 1947 Italian film The Lady of the Camellias
Defiance: The Lost Ones, a five-part series of minisodes released in 2014 on Syfy.com

Literature
The Lost Ones (Beckett), English translation of Samuel Beckett's 1970 short story Le dépeupleur
The Lost Ones (by Javellana), alternative title for Stevan Javellana's 1947 Filipino war-time novel, Without Seeing the Dawn
The Lost Ones (novel), novel by Ian Cameron, later made into a 1974 Disney movie The Island at the Top of the World
The Lost Ones (Tristan), Frédérick Tristan's 1983 Prix Goncourt winning novel Les égarés
The Lost Ones (comic), 2008 comic series

Music
"Lost Ones" (Lauryn Hill song), 1998
"The Lost Ones" (Ted Hawkins song), 1982
"Lost One" a 2006 single by Jay-Z
”Lost Ones”, a song by J Cole from the album Cole World: The Sideline Story, 2011
The Lost Ones, the third disc of Enigma's compilation box set, The Platinum Collection


The Toronto Mechanics' Institute, originally named the York Mechanics' Institute, was an educational institution in 19th century Toronto that became the city's first public library. It was one of a series of mechanics' institutes that were set up around the world after becoming popular in Britain. Established in 1830, it was designed to provide technical and adult education.

Paying members had access to lectures, courses, and a library. In 1853 the Institute erected a new permanent home at the corner of Church and Adelaide Streets, but it struggled to attract new paying members. In 1883 the Institute was thus transformed into a municipally-supported public reference library. The idea was promoted by alderman John Hallam, but it met considerable resistance in city council. No other city in Canada at this time had a completely free public library. Hallam brought the initiative to a public referendum, and the citizens of Toronto voted in its favour on January 1, 1883. The 5,000 book collection of the Mechanics' Institute became the first books of the Toronto Public Library and James Bain was selected as the first chief librarian. As chief librarian, he focused on building the library's special collection documenting Canadian history. He also applied to Andrew Carnegie for a grant to build more branches and to replace the Mechanics' Institute as the central reference library.

The building remained the main branch of the Toronto Public Library until 1909 when the Carnegie grant allowed the library to open its new location at College and St. George (today the Koffler Centre). It remained a library branch until 1927, and was torn down in 1949. Today a condominium complex (84 Adelaide Street East) stands on the site, although it is marked with a heritage plaque.

References

"Double anniversary marks momentous moments for Toronto." Donald Jones. Toronto Star. Mar 5, 1988. pg. M.3

External links
 William Dunlop "An address delivered to the York Mechanics' institution, March, 1832"  (Toronto: W. J. Coates, 1832).

Demolished buildings and structures in Toronto
Public libraries in Toronto
Buildings and structures demolished in 1949
Library buildings completed in 1853
Libraries established in 1883


DEA is an American reality television series that ran for fifteen hour-long episodes in two seasons from April 2, 2008, to March 31, 2009, on the Spike television network. DEA follows the jobs of a squad of Drug Enforcement Administration special agents as they track down leads and make narcotics busts on houses suspected of selling, producing, or trafficking drugs. The first season was filmed in Detroit, Michigan, and consisted of six episodes aired from April 2, 2008, to May 7, 2008. The second season in the New York/New Jersey area consisted of nine episodes aired from February 10, 2009, to March 31, 2009, and follows a group of DEA agents and Task Force officers operating out of the DEA's northern New Jersey headquarters located in Newark.  The show was produced for Spike TV by Al Roker Entertainment, Inc. in association with Size 12 Productions.

The first season follows DEA Group 14, while the second season follows a team of agents known as "Group 5-6", based at the DEA Newark Field Division office at 80 Mulberry Street, Newark, New Jersey.

The series was narrated by Lance Henriksen.

Episodes

Season 1 (2008)

Season 2 (2009)

Reception
A review of show's debut by The New York Times described the series as "an argument that the trend of shows about real people doing their jobs ought to be put out of its misery", while crediting the show as "an extended public service announcement".

References

External links
 2008 DEA series on IMDb
 DEA - Spike TV

2000s American crime drama television series
2008 American television series debuts
2009 American television series endings
Spike (TV network) original programming
2000s American police procedural television series
Television shows set in New York (state)


Georges Hugnet (11 July 1906 – 26 June 1974) was a French graphic artist. He was also active as a poet, writer, art historian, bookbinding designer, critic and film director. Hugnet was a figure in the Dada movement and Surrealism. He was the author of the collage novel Le septième face du dé (1936).

Hugnet wrote about the "Exposition surrealiste internationale", saying "Les artistes surrealists ... se sensetaient tous l'ame de Pygmalion ... On put voir les heureux posseurs de mannequins...arrive. munis de mysterieux petits ou grands paquets, hommages a leurs bien-aimees, contenant les cadeaux les plus disaparates." Lewis Kachur translates this as "The Surrealist artists all felt they had the soul of Pygmalion. One could see the happy owners of mannequins ... come in, furnished with mysterious little or big bundles, tokens for their beloved, containing the most unlikely presents."

There is an inventory of his papers in the Carlton Lake Collection at the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center of the University of Texas at Austin.

References

External links
Georges Hugnet Papers at the Harry Ransom Center
Hugnet at WikiArt

1906 births
1974 deaths
French artists
Dada
French surrealist writers
French surrealist artists
20th-century French poets
French male poets
20th-century French male writers


The Goldner String Quartet is an Australian string quartet formed in 1995 in honour of Richard Goldner, the founder of Musica Viva Australia.

The Quartet consists of Dene Olding and Dimity Hall (violins), Irina Morozova (viola; an ex-pupil of Goldner) and Julian Smiles (cello).  These players are familiar to each other as they all are members of the Australia Ensemble (a group based at the University of New South Wales).  In addition, Olding and Morozova are married, as are Hall and Smiles.  The Goldners have played throughout Australia and New Zealand, as well in the UK, USA, Korea, Finland, France and Italy, and with artists such as Boris Berman, Ian Munro, Piers Lane, Daniel Adni, Malcolm Bilson, Brett Dean and Slava Grigoryan.

In 1997 the Goldner String Quartet made its debut at the Wigmore Hall in London, and has since appeared there regularly, as well as at the Cheltenham, Newbury and Brighton Festivals, and at the Saison musicale d'été de Sceaux in France.  In March 2000, the Quartet performed a major retrospective of 20th century string quartets at the Adelaide Festival.  In October 2001 the Quartet made its American debut with concerts at the 92nd Street Y in New York City, and in Washington, D.C.  It has undertaken three extensive tours of New Zealand, most recently in 2006, and also toured to Korea that year.

The Quartet performed its first complete Beethoven cycle for Musica Viva in 2004, a live recording of which has been released by ABC Classics.  It is particularly interested in 20th-century music, and has recorded an album of string quartets by Carl Vine.  BBC Music Magazine judged the Goldners' recording of music by Ernest Bloch "one of the year's top three releases".

In August 2023 the Goldner String Quartet announced that the 2024 season would be its last.

Awards and nominations

ARIA Music Awards
The ARIA Music Awards is an annual awards ceremony that recognises excellence, innovation, and achievement across all genres of Australian music. They commenced in 1987.

!
|-
| 2009
| Beethoven: The Complete String Quartets
| Best Classical Album
|
|
|-

References

Australian string quartets
Musical groups established in 1995


Does God Play Dice: The New Mathematics of Chaos is a non-fiction book about chaos theory written by British mathematician Ian Stewart. The book was initially published by Blackwell Publishing in 1989.

Summary
In this book, Stewart explains chaos theory to an audience presumably unfamiliar with it. As the book progresses the writing changes from simple explanations of chaos theory to in-depth, rigorous mathematical study. Stewart covers mathematical concepts such as differential equations, resonance, nonlinear dynamics, and probability. The book is illustrated with diagrams and graphs of mathematical concepts and equations when applicable.

The back of the book, and a summary of its content, reads, "The science of chaos is forcing scientists to rethink Einstein's fundamental assumptions regarding the way the universe behaves. Chaos theory has already shown that simple systems, obeying precise laws, can nevertheless act in a random manner. Perhaps God plays dice within a cosmic game of complete law and order. Does God Play Dice? reveals a strange universe in which nothing may be as it seems. Familiar geometric shapes such as circles and ellipses give way to infinitely complex structures known as fractals, the fluttering of a butterfly's wings can change the weather, and the gravitational attraction of a creature in a distant galaxy can change the fate of the solar system."

The title of the book is a reference to a famous quote by Albert Einstein.

Book
 Ian Stewart: Does God Play Dice: The New Mathematics of Chaos, Blackwell Publishing, 1989,

References

External links
Text available at books.google.com

Books by Ian Stewart (mathematician)
Science books
1989 non-fiction books
Mathematics books


Nodular goiter is an enlarged thyroid gland with bumps (nodules) on it. It is associated with both high and low activity of the gland.

 Toxic multinodular goitre, also known as multinodular toxic goiter (MNTG)
 Nontoxic nodular goiter


Percy Humphreys (3 December 1880 – 13 April 1959) was an English international footballer, who played at inside-right, who later became a football manager.

Career

Club career
In the 1907–08 season, Humphreys joined First Second Leicester Fosse but returned to the First Division with Chelsea for the latter part of the season. He remained with Chelsea until December 1909 when he lost his place to Vivian Woodward.

Humphreys swapped places with Woodward moving across London to join Tottenham Hotspur. Humphreys only made 45 league appearances for Spurs, scoring 24 goals, none of which were as vital as the one that he scored against Chelsea in the final match of the 1909–10 season which ensured that Chelsea were relegated instead of Spurs.

In October 1911, he was transferred back to Leicester Fosse where he spent the rest of the season, before dropping out of the league to join Hartlepools United.

International career
Humphreys made one appearance for England, on 4 April 1903, in a 2–1 defeat to Scotland.

Coaching career
Humphreys managed Hartlepools United between 1912 and 1913.

Humphreys then coached Swiss side FC Basel between 1913 and 1914.

He managed Alessandria, in Italy, from 1920 and 1922.

References

External links
Profile at the FA.com

Profile at EnglandFC.com

Footballers from Cambridge
English men's footballers
England men's international footballers
English Football League players
Southern Football League players
Queens Park Rangers F.C. players
Notts County F.C. players
Leicester City F.C. players
Chelsea F.C. players
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players
Hartlepool United F.C. players
English football managers
English expatriate football managers
Hartlepool United F.C. managers
FC Basel managers
US Alessandria Calcio 1912 managers
English Football League representative players
1880 births
1959 deaths
Men's association football inside forwards
English expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Expatriate football managers in Italy
English expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland
Expatriate football managers in Switzerland


Zhou Ang ( 190s) was a Chinese military general and politician serving under the warlord Yuan Shao during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. He was from Kuaiji Commandery, which is around present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang. He had two brothers: Zhou Yu (Renming) and Zhou Xin. He served as the Administrator (太守) of Jiujiang Commandery (九江郡; around present-day Quanjiao County, Anhui) and as the Inspector (刺史) of Yu Province. In 192, he was defeated in a battle at Yinling County (陰陵縣; northwest of present-day Changfeng County, Anhui) against the forces of Yuan Shao's half-brother and rival Yuan Shu.

In historical records, Zhou Ang is often confused with his two brothers. For example, historical records claim that he was involved in the Battle of Yangcheng in 191 against the warlord Sun Jian (Yuan Shu's ally) when it was actually his brother Zhou Yu (Renming).

See also
 Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms

References

 Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi).

 Fan, Ye (5th century). Book of the Later Han (Houhanshu).
 Pei, Songzhi (5th century). Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi zhu).

2nd-century births
Year of death unknown
Generals under Yuan Shao
Politicians from Shaoxing


Cabralia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae, containing only a single species, Cabralia trifasciata; a second species (judsoni) was historically misclassified, but in 2010 was determined to belong to the genus Rhosus in the subfamily Agaristinae, leaving C. trifasciata as the sole remaining member of its genus.

References

Monotypic moth genera
Calpinae


Cacofota is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Albrecht Schröter (born 7 April 1955) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) who served as mayor (Oberbürgermeister) of Jena from 2006 to 2018.

Early life and career
Schröter attended the Polytechnic Secondary School from 1962 to 1972, but was denied an Abitur for political reasons. After leaving school, he completed a two and a half years of training as a nurse (Krankenpfleger) in Eberswalde and in Bad Freienwalde. He then studied and received a degree in Protestant theology at the Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg.

After graduating in 1980, he worked as a research assistant at the theology section and as vicar of evangelical youth work until 1984, when we took over a parish in Jena (first at the Friedenskirche and from 1986-1997 in the Luthersprengel). In 1985 he founded the "Jena Judaism Working Group" to document the history of the Jews of Jena and maintain the memory of the Holocaust. In 1996 he took his doctorate in theology in Halle-Wittenberg (summa cum laude). From 1997 he worked as a representative of the Free State of Thuringia for new religious movements and special communities and as a subject specialist at the Thuringian Institute for Teacher Training, Curriculum Development and Media (ThILLM) in Bad Berka.

Political career
During the time of the GDR, Schröter involvement was concentrated on church youth work. On 1 October 1989 he co-founded the Democratic Awakening (DA) in Berlin and was their spokesman in Jena. However he left the party in March 1990 as a consequence of the results of the parliamentary elections and the merger of the DA, DSU and CDU. Until his resignation in March 1990, Schröter was the personal in charge of the "round table" in Jena for planning health care reform.

In October 1990, Schröter joined the SDP, later the SPD. From 1990 to 1994 he was a member of the Jena city council and deputy chairman of the SPD parliamentary group. From 1998 to 2004 he was chairman of the Jena SPD. From 2004 to 2018 he was a member of the Regional Executive of the SPD in Thuringia. In May 2000, he was defeated in the run-off elections for mayor by the incumbent Peter Röhlinger with 47.2%. From September 2000 to June 2006 he was head of the Department for Social Affairs and Culture of the City of Jena. In 2001 he founded the Cultural Foundation Jena, which he continues to chair.

On 21 May 2006, Schröter was elected Mayor of the City of Jena with a run-off vote of 54.4%. He assumed office on 1 July 2006.

In 2010, Schröter became a member of the Presidium of the Association of German Cities. On 6 May 2012, he was re-elected with a run-off vote of 72.8%

On 3 February 2015, Schröter placed 6th out of 121 mayors from around the world in an internet poll for the title "World Mayor". The British-based City Mayors Foundation awards the title "World Mayor" every two years in order to honour the achievements of mayors.

In the 2018 election, he entered the second ballot on 29 April 2018, which he lost to FDP candidate Thomas Nitzsche. His term ended on 30 June 2018.

Political positions
Schröter is a committed opponent of far-right politics. In 2009 he launched the "Communities against Right-wing Extremism" (Kommunen gegen Rechtsextremismus), establishing a network of medium German communities in the fight against neo-Nazis and offering mutual support countering Nazi rallies. On 17 November 2011, Albrecht Schröter received an award for "civil courage against right-wing extremism, anti-Semitism and racism". The Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe in Berlin honoured the commitment of the city of Jena against contemporary right-wing extremism.

Controversy
In September 2015, Schröter gained attention after offering an opinion on the Middle East Conflict attention by accusing Israel of partial responsibility for the Syrian refugee crisis and calling on the German foreign minister to "show less restraint" toward the Jewish state. He was then accused of Volksverhetzung ("incitement to hatred", a crime under the German criminal law) by Andreas Neumann, member of a Messianic Jewish congregation from Bavaria. The criminal prosecutor from Gera who investigated the charge announced that it would not be acted upon. The Student Council of the University of Jena passed resolutions defending Schröter against accusations of individuals from the faculty and apologized for the accusation made against him of anti-Semitism.

Other activities
 Cultural Foundation of the Free State of Thuringia, Member of the Board of Trustees
 Institute for Energy Law, University of Jena, Member of the Board of Trustees
 Helaba, Member of the Advisory Board (2012-2013)

Personal life
Schröter has married three times and has five children and two grandchildren. He is a descendant of Dorothea Sophie Michaelsen (née Händel) (1687–1720), a sister of George Frideric Handel.

References

1955 births
Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians
Mayors of Jena
Living people
Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg alumni


Cadiorapa is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was described by Nye in 1975.

Species
Cadiorapa albivena (Hampson, 1910) Chile
Cadiorapa globifrons (Dyar, 1920) Mexico
Cadiorapa praxina (Schaus, 1905) Brazil (Paraná)
Cadiorapa puella (Schaus, 1904) Brazil (São Paulo)

References

Acontiinae


Caduca is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
Caduca albopunctata (Walker, 1858)

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Calpinae


Caedesa is a genus of moths of the family Euteliidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1862.

Species
Caedesa agropoides Walker, 1862 Borneo, Sumatra
Caedesa angulifera (Walker, [1863]) Borneo, Sumatra
Caedesa apicenigra (Warren, 1914) Malaysia

References

Euteliinae
Noctuoidea genera


The Stamp Advisory Committee (SAC) is a committee to advise on the design of British postage stamps.

History
The committee was originally established as an offshoot of the Council of Industrial Design in 1946. On 21 February 1968  a new Post Office appointed committee was set up and today the SAC advises the United Kingdom's Royal Mail on their stamp issuing policy.

Work of the committee
Royal Mail select the subject of upcoming stamp issues and appoint designers to draw up a variety of different possible design for each issue. The committee then review the possible design and advise Royal Mail which they think is the best. The committee's recommendations are not binding on Royal Mail, nor does it select new subjects for stamp issues.

The committee is drawn from all walks of life but includes particularly designers, Royal Mail representatives and a British Government representative.

No guidelines for stamp issues are provided to either the SAC or Royal Mail.

The records of the SAC have been archived at the British National Archives along with other records of Royal Mail and its predecessors and are available for the public to view as the 30 year embargo elapses.

Controversies
The subjects chosen for British stamps have often been controversial. In 1996 for instance, questions were asked in the House of Lords about the choice of a stamp showing the British children's television character Muffin the Mule over one showing the designer William Morris and a government minister was forced to explain that such choices were not part of the work of the SAC.

The choice of subjects for a set honouring 20th Century Women of Achievement was equally controversial.

And in 1965, Sir Kenneth Clark resigned as Chairman of the committee in protest at the increasing commercialism of the Post Office's stamp issuing policy, saying "There had been a change of outlook in the production of stamps with which I was not in sympathy. .... I was afraid that the admission of pictorial stamps would lead to complete banality"

References

External links
Royal Mail description of stamp design and selection process.

Philatelic organisations based in the United Kingdom
Philately of the United Kingdom


Caenurgia is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae.

Species
 Caenurgia adusta (Walker, 1865)
 Caenurgia chloropha (Hübner, 1818) (syn: Caenurgia convalescens (Guenée, 1852), Caenurgia purgata (Walker, 1858), Caenurgia socors Walker, 1858)
 Caenurgia runica (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1874) (syn: Caenurgia magalhaensi (Staudinger, 1899), Caenurgia tehuelcha (Berg, 1875))
 Caenurgia togataria (Walker, 1862) (syn: Caenurgia adversa (Grote, 1875))

Former species
 Caenurgia camptogramma (Dognin, 1919)
 Caenurgia escondida (Schaus, 1901)
 Caenurgia fortalitium (Tauscher, 1809)
 Caenurgia phasianoides (Guenée, 1852)

References

External links

Euclidiini
Moth genera


Caeshadena is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Caffristis is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Caffristis ferrogrisea, is found in South Africa. Both the genus and species was first described by George Hampson, the genus in 1906 and the species four years earlier in 1902.

References

Cuculliinae
Monotypic moth genera


Calamia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Calamia deliciosa Boursin, 1957
 Calamia flavirufa Hampson, 1910
 Calamia metamorpha (Boursin, 1960)
 Calamia staudingeri Warnecke, 1941
 Calamia tridens (Hufnagel, 1766) – Burren green

References

External links
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Calamistis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Calesia is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Achille Guenée in 1852.

Description
Palpi upturned and smoothly scaled, where the second joint reaching vertex of head. Third joint long and naked. Antennae ciliated and with bristles to the joints in male. Thorax, abdomen and legs smoothly scaled. Hindwings with very short cell. Larva with two pairs of abdominal prolegs.

Species
Calesia arhoda Hampson 1910
Calesia caputrubrum Carcasson 1965
Calesia cryptoleuca Carcasson 1965
Calesia dasypterus (Kollar 1844)
Calesia flabellifera Moore 1878
Calesia flaviceps Hampson 1926
Calesia fuscicorpus Hampson 1891
Calesia gastropachoides Guenée 1852
Calesia haemorrhoa Guenée 1852
Calesia hirtisquama Hampson 1926
Calesia karschi (Bartel 1903)
Calesia marginata (Walker 1869)
Calesia nigriannulata Hampson 1926
Calesia nigriventris Aurivillius 1909
Calesia othello (Fawcett 1916)
Calesia pellio Felder & Rogenhofer 1874
Calesia phaiosoma (Hampson 1891)
Calesia proxantha Hampson 1895
Calesia rhodotela Hampson 1926
Calesia roseiceps Hampson 1894
Calesia rufipalpis (Walker 1858)
Calesia simplex Snellen 1880
Calesia stillifera Felder & Rogenhofer 1874
Calesia thermantis Hampson 1926
Calesia vinolia Swinhoe 1903
Calesia xanthognatha Hampson 1926
Calesia zambesita Walker 1865

References

Calpinae


Calesidesma is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Calesidesma fraternella, is found in Taiwan. Both the genus and the species were first described by Strand in 1920.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera


Calesiodes is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Calesiodes punctiger, is found in Borneo. Both the genus and the species were first described by Roepke in 1941.

References

Calpinae


Caligatus is a genus of moths of the family Euteliidae. The genus was erected by William Wing in 1850.

Species
Caligatus angasii Wing, [1850] Sierra Leone, Liberia, Nigeria, Cameroon, Congo, Zaire, Uganda, Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, South Africa
Caligatus dinota (Viette, 1958) Madagascar
Caligatus splendissima (Viette, 1958) Madagascar

References

Euteliinae
Noctuoidea genera


Callargyra is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Callegaria is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Callhyccoda is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae erected by Emilio Berio in 1935.

Species
Callhyccoda indecora Hacker, 2019 Sierra Leone
Callhyccoda mirei Herbulot & Viette, 1952 Chad, Ethiopia, Somalia, Djibouti, Arabia
Callhyccoda namibiensis Hacker, 2019 Namibia
Callhyccoda nigrofalcata Hacker, 2019 Tanzania
Callhyccoda ochrata Hacker, Fiebig & Stadie, 2019 Uganda
Callhyccoda paolii (Berio, 1937) Somalia, Ethiopia
Callhyccoda viriditrina Berio, 1935 Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya

References

Hadeninae


Callicereon is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae erected by Arthur Gardiner in 1882. Its only species, Callicereon heterochroa, was first described by Paul Mabille in 1879. It is found on Madagascar.

References

Amphipyrinae
Monotypic moth genera


Calliergis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Jacob Hübner in 1821.

Species
Calliergis draesekei (Draudt, 1950) Yunnan
Calliergis ramosa (Esper, 1786) central and south-eastern Europe
Calliergis ramosula (Staudinger, 1888) south-eastern Siberia, Manchuria, Korea, Japan

References

Cuculliinae


Calligraphidia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
Calligraphidia opulenta (Moschler, 1887)
Calligraphidia tessellata (Kenrick, 1917)

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Calpinae


Calliocloa is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Calliodes is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
Calliodes appollina Guenée, 1852
Calliodes barnsi A.E. Prout, 1924
Calliodes pretiosissima Holland, 1892 (syn: Calliodes rivulifera Butler, 1893)

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Catocalinae


Callistege is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae.

Taxonomy
The genus was considered a subgenus of Euclidia by some authors but has been reinstated as a genus.

Species
Callistege diagonalis Dyar, 1898
Callistege fortalitium Tauscher, 1809
Callistege futilis Staudinger, 1897
Callistege intercalaris Grote, 1882
Callistege mi (Clerck, 1759)
Callistege regia Staudinger, 1888
Callistege triangula Barnes & McDunnough, 1918

References

Euclidiini
Moth genera


Calloecia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Cuculliinae


Callophisma is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1913.

Callophisma flavicornis Hampson, 1913
Callophisma viettei Laporte, 1975

References

Catocalinae


Callopistria is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. It was described by Jacob Hübner in 1821.

Description
Their eyes are naked and without lashes. Its proboscis is well developed. The palpi are short, upturned, obliquely porrect (extending forward), roughly scaled and reaching above vertex of head. Antennae bipectinated (comb like on both sides). Thorax hairy, without tufts. Abdomen with dorsal tufts on the proximal segments. Male with large lateral and anal tufts. Tibia spineless and strongly tufted. Forewings short and broad with non-crenulate (non-scalloped) cilia. Apex rounded, inner margin lobed near base and with a slight tooth of scales at outer angle. Hindwings of male with a ridge and fold on underside running from center of costa to lower angle of cell and then to centre of outer margin.

Species
 Callopistria aetiohiops Butler, 1878 (or Callopistria aethiops)
 Callopistria albipunctalis Holloway, 1989
 Callopistria albistriga (Walker, [1863])
 Callopistria albistrigoides Poole, 1989
 Callopistria albivitta (Hampson, 1918)
 Callopistria albolinea (Graeser. 1889)
 Callopistria albomacula Leech, 1900
 Callopistria alfredi Holloway, 1989
 Callopistria altigutta (Holloway, 1989)
 Callopistria antithetica Wiltshire, 1977
 Callopistria apicalis (Walker, 1855)
 Callopistria argyrosemastis (Hampson, 1918)
 Callopistria argyrosticta (Butler, 1881)
 Callopistria batanga (Draudt, 1930)
 Callopistria benguellae Weymer, 1908
 Callopistria bergeri Berio, 1976
 Callopistria bernei Viette, 1985
 Callopistria cariei (de Joannis, 1915)
 Callopistria chera (A. E. Prout, 1927)
 Callopistria chloriza (Guenée, 1852)
 Callopistria chlorocroa (Hampson, 1908)
 Callopistria clava (Leech, 1900)
 Callopistria coelisigna Hampson, 1902
 Callopistria complicata (Holland, 1894)
 Callopistria concinna (Prout, 1926)
 Callopistria cordata (Ljungh, 1825)
 Callopistria cornuscopiae (Holland, 1894)
 Callopistria cristata Legrand, 1966
 Callopistria cyanopera (Hampson, 1911)
 Callopistria dascia D. S. Fletcher, 1961
 Callopistria deflexusa Chang, 1991
 Callopistria delicata Chang, 1991
 Callopistria duplicans Walker, 1858
 Callopistria emiliusalis (Walker, [1859])
 Callopistria equatorialis Berio, 1970
 Callopistria exotica (Guenée, 1852)
 Callopistria ferruginea (Hampson, 1908)
 Callopistria fimbripes (Walker, 1858)
 Callopistria flabellum Berio, 1976
 Callopistria flavitincta Galsworthy, 1997
 Callopistria floridensis (Guenée, 1852)
 Callopistria fusimacula (Holloway, 1989)
 Callopistria gilvithorax (Prout, 1928)
 Callopistria granitosa (Guenée, 1852)
 Callopistria grassei Laporte, 1970
 Callopistria guttulalis Hampson, 1896
 Callopistria imparata (Walker, 1865)
 Callopistria indica (Butler, 1891)
 Callopistria insularis Butler, 1882
 Callopistria intermissa Saalmüller, 1891
 Callopistria jamaicensis (Möschler, 1886)
 Callopistria japonibia Inoue & Sugi, 1958
 Callopistria javentina (Stoll, 1782)
 Callopistria juventina (Stoll, [1782]) – Latin
 Callopistria latreillei (Duponchel, 1827)
 Callopistria leucobasis (Hampson, 1908)
 Callopistria ludovici (Prout, 1922)
 Callopistria maillardi (Guenée, 1862)
 Callopistria malagasy Viette, 1965
 Callopistria matilei Viette, 1979
 Callopistria microptera (Hampson, 1908)
 Callopistria minuata Butler, 1889
 Callopistria miranda (Saalmüller, 1880)
 Callopistria mollissima (Guenée, 1852)
 Callopistria montana Holloway, 1976
 Callopistria nana (Hampson, 1911)
 Callopistria natalensis (Hampson, 1908)
 Callopistria nigrescens (Wileman, 1915)
 Callopistria niveigutta (Walker, [1863])
 Callopistria nobilior Eda, 2000
 Callopistria pauliani Berio, 1955
 Callopistria pheogona Hampson, 1908 (or Callopistria phaeogona)
 Callopistria placodoides (Guenée, 1852)
 Callopistria promiscua Saalmüller, 1891
 Callopistria pulchrilinea (Walker, 1862)
 Callopistria quadralba (Draudt, 1950)
 Callopistria quadrinotata (Walker, [1863])
 Callopistria randimbyi Viette, 1965
 Callopistria rectilinea Saalmüller, 1891
 Callopistria repleta Walker, [1858]
 Callopistria renivitta Berio, 1966
 Callopistria rufulus (Rothschild, 1924)
 Callopistria rivularis Walker, [1858]
 Callopistria scriptiplena (Walker, 1862)
 Callopistria sogai Viette, 1965
 Callopistria subroseata Berio, 1966
 Callopistria tarsipilosa Berio, 1959
 Callopistria thalpophiloides (Walker, 1862)
 Callopistria thermochroa (Hampson, 1911)
 Callopistria trilineata (Walker, 1862)
 Callopistria unica Laporte, 1973
 Callopistria venata Leech, 1900
 Callopistria ventralis Walker, [1863]
 Callopistria violascens (Rothschild, 1924)
 Callopistria wallacei (Felder, 1874)
 Callopistria xerysta Viette, 1976
 Callopistria yerburii (Butler, 1884)

References

External links

Caradrinini
Noctuoidea genera


Calloruza is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae erected by George Hampson in 1918. Its only species, Calloruza pulchra, was first described by George Thomas Bethune-Baker in 1906. It is found in New Guinea.

References

Acontiinae


Callostrotia is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Callostrotia flavizonata, is found in Nigeria. Both the genus and species were first described by George Hampson in 1914.

References

Acontiinae
Monotypic moth genera


Callyna is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Description
Palpi slender and closely appressed to frons, where the third joint reaching just above vertex of head. Antennae of male minutely ciliated. Thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled. Forewings nearly even breadth throughout. The apex and outer margin rounded. Hindwings with vein 5 from below center of discocellulars.

Species
Callyna contrastans Hampson, 1914
Callyna costiplaga Moore, 1885
Callyna cupricolor Hampson, 1902
Callyna decora Walker, 1858
Callyna figurans Walker, 1858
Callyna gaedei Hacker & Fibiger, 2006
Callyna holophaea Hampson, 1911
Callyna jugaria Walker, 1858
Callyna laurae Bryk, 1915
Callyna leuconota Lower, 1903
Callyna leucosticha Turner, 1911
Callyna monoleuca Walker, 1858
Callyna nigerrima Hampson, 1902
Callyna obscura Hampson, 1910
Callyna pectinicornis Gaede, 1915
Callyna perfecta Berio, 1956
Callyna robinsoni Viette, 1965
Callyna semivitta Moore, 1882
Callyna trisagittata Berio, 1970
Callyna unicolor Hampson, 1920

References

 Hacker, H. & Fibiger, M. (2006) "Updated list of Micronoctuidae, Noctuidae (s.l.), and Hyblaeidae species of Yemen, collected during three expeditions in 1996, 1998 and 2000, with comments and descriptions of species." Esperiana Buchreihe zur Entomologie 12: 75-166.

Amphipyrinae


Calocea is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae. Its only species, Calocea eucraspedica, is found in Mexico. Both the genus and species were first described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1914.

References

Cuculliinae
Monotypic moth genera


Calocestra is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Calocharia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Heliothinae


Calocucullia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Calocucullia celsiae (Herrich-Schäffer, 1850)

References
 Calocucullia at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Cuculliinae


Calophasia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Calophasia almoravida Graslin, 1863
 Calophasia angularis (Chrétien, 1911)
 Calophasia barthae Wagner, 1929
 Calophasia hamifera Staudinger, 1863
 Calophasia lunula – toadflax brocade Hufnagel, 1766
 Calophasia opalina Esper, 1793
 Calophasia platyptera Esper, 1788
 Calophasia sinaica (Wiltshire, 1948)

References
 Calophasia at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Cuculliinae
Noctuoidea genera


Calophasidia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1908.

Species
 Calophasidia cana (Turner, 1939)
 Calophasidia dentifera Hampson, 1909
 Calophasidia dichroa (Hampson, 1926)
 Calophasidia latens (Turner, 1929)
 Calophasidia lucala (Swinhoe, 1902)
 Calophasidia radiata (Swinhoe, 1902)

References

Hadeninae


Calpiformis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Hadeninae


Jinshazhou () is an island between Guangzhou and Foshan in Guangdong, China. It covers the total area of about 27 square kilometres. Touted as the metropolis of Guangzhou and Foshan, Jinshazhou is located in northwest Guangzhou, with Baisha River on its east, and Lishui (), Zhoucun (), Baishacun () of Nanhai District, Foshan on its north, west and south.

The island is administrated by both Baiyun District of Guangzhou and Huangqi () and Lishui of Nanhai District, Foshan. Its western part which belongs to Guangzhou occupies about 1/3 of its total area (i.e. about 9 square kilometres). This part has been one of the large-scale development zones in Guangzhou.

References

Baiyun District, Guangzhou
Nanhai District
Islands of Guangzhou
Islands of Guangdong
River islands of China


Calpoparia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
 Calpoparia imparepunctata (Oberthür, 1890)

References
 Calpoparia at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Noctuidae


Calymma is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae erected by Jacob Hübner in 1823. Its single species, Calymma communimacula, was first described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775. It is found in central and southern Europe and from Turkey to Transcaucasia and the Middle East.

The wingspan is 18–24 mm. Adults are on wing from July to August.

The larvae live on trees, but do not feed on plant material, but suck dry Coccoidea (scale insects) and use the empty hulls as a protective shelter. Pupation takes place in a spinning on the tree trunk.

Taxonomy
The genus has previously been classified in the subfamily Eublemminae of Erebidae or the subfamily Acontiinae of the family Noctuidae.

References

External links

Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa
Lepiforum e.V.

Moths described in 1775
Boletobiinae
Moths of Europe
Moths of Asia
Taxa named by Michael Denis
Taxa named by Ignaz Schiffermüller
Monotypic moth genera


Calymniodes is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Paul Dognin in 1907.

Species
Calymniodes acamas (Herrich-Schäffer, [1869]) Venezuela
Calymniodes conchylis (Guenée, 1852) Brazil
Calymniodes pyrostrota Dognin, 1907 Peru
Calymniodes turcica H. Druce, 1908 Peru

References

Acronictinae


Calymniops is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae erected by George Hampson in 1926. Its only species, Calymniops trapezata, was first described by Frederic Moore in 1887. It is found in India, Sri Lanka, Japan and parts of North America.

Description
Its wingspan is about 32 mm.

References

Calpinae
Monotypic moth genera
Moths of Asia
Moths described in 1887


Calyptis is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae.

Species
Calyptis idonea Stoll, 1780
Calyptis iter Guenée, 1852
Calyptis semicuprea Walker, 1857

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Ommatophorini
Moth genera


Camptylochila is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. Some authors consider it to be a synonym of Idia. If it is treated as a valid genus, it contains at least the type species Camptylochila undulalis Stephens, 1834.

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Herminiinae


Campydelta is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Emilio Berio in 1964.

Species
Campydelta campyla (Hampson, 1909) Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Zaire, Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Campydelta phoenicraspis (Hampson, 1910) Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Campydelta stolifera (Saalmüller, 1891) Madagascar

References

External links

Hadenini


Canatha is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

Species
Canatha confutalis Walker, 1866
Canatha subangulalis Walker, 1866

References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Calpinae