Roelof Erasmus van der Merwe (born 31 December 1984) is a Dutch-South African professional cricketer who has played internationally for both South Africa and the Netherlands, one of the few players to represent more than one international team.

Born in Johannesburg, Van der Merwe made his first-class and List A debuts for Northerns during the 2006–07 season, before moving into franchise cricket with Titans the following season. An all-rounder he bowls left-arm orthodox spin and is a right-handed middle-order batsman. He played ODI and Twenty20 International cricket for South Africa between 2009 and 2011, playing 13 times in each format. Van der Merwe gained a Dutch passport in June 2015, and was selected in the Netherlands squad for the 2015 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier.

Personal life
Van der Merwe was born on 31 December 1984 in Johannesburg, South Africa. He holds Dutch citizenship by descent through his mother.

Domestic career
Van der Merwe began his career as a wicketkeeper-batsman, representing the South Africa national under-19 cricket team in that capacity at the 2004 Under-19 Cricket World Cup in Bangladesh.

Van der Merwe made his List A debut in October 2006 for Northerns against North West. He was dismissed for a duck and bowled his full allocation of nine overs conceding 29 runs. In December 2006 he made his first-class debut for Northerns against Limpopo he bowled 12 wicketless overs but scored 36 runs and took three catches.

Van der Merwe had a successful 2007–08 season, moving into franchise cricket with the Titans. He made his debut for Titans in the SuperSport Series in November 2007 against the Eagles. His first one-day appearance for them came in February 2008 against Zimbabwe he claimed four wickets conceding 24 runs (4/24). He finished the MTN Domestic Championship as Titans leading wicket-taker with 27 wickets at an average of 14.25. He also scored 269 runs at 29.88. In the Standard Bank Pro20 Series which followed van der Merwe was the third leading wicket-taker with 13 victims at 13.92, he also contributed 192 runs at 27.42. Titans won both 50 over and 20 over competitions and for Van der Merwe's part in it he was awarded Player of the Year, MTN Domestic Championship Player of the Year, Standard Bank Pro20 Series Player of the Year and the Newcomer of the Year at the team's end of season award. On a national level he was selected Domestic Newcomer of the Year at the SA Cricket Awards.

Titans retained the MTN Domestic Championship in 2008/09 with Van der Merwe again being instrumental to the success, he took 30 wickets at 13.96, 14 more than any other bowler.

Having switched his allegiance to the Netherlands, Van der Merwe signed for Somerset on a two-year contract to play county cricket ahead of the 2016 season. In April 2017, he scored his maiden List A century, making 165 not out against Surrey in the 2017 Royal London One-Day Cup.

In July 2022, he took his maiden five-wicket haul in first-class cricket, against Lancashire in the County Championship.

Club cricket
In 2007 Van der Merwe played for Monton & Weaste in the Central Lancashire League before he was released mid season after the club realised he wasn't eligible for amateur status having played first-class cricket the previous winter. He has also represented Stretford, in 2006 he scored a league record 1200 runs at 80 as well as taking 53 wickets at 11.26.

T20 cricket
In July 2019, he was selected to play for the Amsterdam Knights in the inaugural edition of the Euro T20 Slam cricket tournament. However, the following month the tournament was cancelled. In September 2019, he was named in the squad for the Tshwane Spartans team for the 2019 Mzansi Super League tournament.

In April 2022, he was bought by the Northern Superchargers for the 2022 season of The Hundred in England.

International career
Van der Merwe was selected in the South Africa team for the 2004 U-19 Cricket World Cup, he played five matches, scoring 129 runs and taking 3 wickets. Following the tournament it was over two years before he made his first-class debut and Van der Merwe has admitted he "didn't take things too seriously" and was "partying all the time".

In August 2008 Van der Merwe was selected for the South Africa Academy to play against their Bangladesh equivalents, in the second of a five match series he scored 79 from 70 balls and took 6/52.

Van der Merwe played in the 2008 Hong Kong International Cricket Sixes, he was South Africa's leading runscorer and wicket-taker.

South Africa
Van der Merwe was selected in the South Africa Twenty20 squad for their two Twenty20 Internationals against Australia in March 2009. In the second of these he made his full debut, top scoring with 48 from 30 balls an innings that included four sixes, and taking a maiden international wicket of David Hussey he was awarded man of the match. After this performance he was added to the squad for the One Day International series as cover for Jacques Kallis. Van der Merwe made his ODI debut in the second match of the series at SuperSport Park, he bowled five wicketless overs and was not required to bat. He had a more prominent role in his second ODI, he scored his maiden ODI runs with a six and took 3/37 from his allotted ten overs. In the final two matches he claimed five more wickets to finish his maiden ODI series with eight at 18.62.

Netherlands
In 2015, Van der Merwe secured a Dutch passport and was selected to play against Nepal in a four match series. He was also selected for the 2015 World T20 Qualifier after Vivian Kingma pulled out. He made his T20I debut for the Netherlands against Nepal on 3 July 2015 and became the 5th cricketer to represent two international teams in T20Is. He was also included in the Netherlands squad for the 2016 ICC World Twenty20.

In June 2019, he was named in the Netherlands' One Day International (ODI) squad for their series against Zimbabwe. He made his ODI debut for the Netherlands against Zimbabwe on 19 June 2019. He became the 12th cricketer to represent two international teams in ODIs.

In September 2019, he was named in the Dutch squad for the 2019 ICC T20 World Cup Qualifier tournament in the United Arab Emirates. In September 2021, he was named in the Dutch squad for the 2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup. In the Netherlands win over South Africa at the 2023 Cricket World Cup, he played a vital cameo of 29 runs off 19 balls while taking two wickets for 34 runs in his nine over spell.

See also
 List of cricketers who have played for two international teams

References

External links

1984 births
Living people
Cricketers from Johannesburg
Dutch cricketers
Netherlands One Day International cricketers
Netherlands Twenty20 International cricketers
South African cricketers
South Africa One Day International cricketers
South Africa Twenty20 International cricketers
Titans cricketers
Northerns cricketers
Somerset cricketers
Royal Challengers Bangalore cricketers
Delhi Capitals cricketers
Saint Lucia Kings cricketers
Brisbane Heat cricketers
Dual international cricketers
Dutch people of South African descent
London Spirit cricketers
Tshwane Spartans cricketers
Marylebone Cricket Club cricketers
Northern Superchargers cricketers
Sunrisers Eastern Cape cricketers
Welsh Fire cricketers
Barbados Royals cricketers


Cadmium acetate is the chemical compound with the formula .  The compound is marketed both as the anhydrous form and as a dihydrate, both of which are white or colorless. Only the dihydrate has been verified by X-ray crystallography.

Preparation, reactions, and uses
It forms by treating cadmium oxide with acetic acid:

It can also be prepared by treating cadmium nitrate with acetic anhydride.

Cadmium acetate has few applications.  By reaction with trioctylphosphine selenide, it has often been used as a precursor to cadmium selenide and related semiconductors.

Structure of the dihydrate

Unlike the coordination geometry of zinc in zinc diacetate dihydrate, cadmium is seven coordinate in . It is a coordination polymer, featuring acetate ligands interconnecting cadmium centers.

Safety
Cadmium compounds are considered Group 1 carcinogens by the IARC.

References

Cadmium compounds
Acetates
Coordination polymers


The St Augustine of Canterbury School was a joint Church of England and Roman Catholic Voluntary Aided (VA) secondary school in Taunton, Somerset, England. It was established on 28 May 1956 and closed on July 2010.

It was a specialist Science College with 264 students between the ages of 11 and 16. The school closed in July 2010 and students merged into The Taunton Academy. At the time of its closure it had the lowest GCSE results in Somerset,
and the eighth-lowest in England.

History

Founding
The school was originally named Priorswood Secondary Modern School and opened on 28 May 1956 by the school's first headmaster, Arthur George Miller, with 258 children in attendance. When the school first opened no electric or gas supply was available, except to washing apparatus in the canteen kitchen. Heating was supplied by an oil fuelled boiler. The library, stage, gymnasium, domestic science, woodwork and metalwork rooms were incomplete and could not be used. However, the playground on the north side of the building was available for recreation. The facilities of the school were completed on 7 June 1956 allowing the school to function as normal.

Church involvement
In October 1977, Father Lynch and Preb. Roland Clark of the Diocesan Schools Commission began discussions with the LEA to consider a proposal for Priorswood Secondary Modern School to become a joint Roman Catholic and Anglican Church School. The proposal was to be submitted to the Secretary of State for Education and Science, Mark Carlisle, in 1980 with recommendation that the school be established in 1981.

On 11 December 1981, after the £750,000 joint venture by the government and churches had been agreed, the new school, to be established in September 1982, had been named. The school was to be known as St. Augustine of Canterbury, Priorswood, after the Bishop of the same name sent by Pope St. Gregory I on a mission to England in 595AD. On 27 August 1982, the school was established as one of the first in England to support both Anglican and Catholic faiths jointly.

By 2009, St Augustine had 274 pupils on roll against its capacity of 610, was in the lowest band for deprivation with 21.2% of pupils receiving free school meals against the local authority average of 7.9%, had 38% of pupils achieving five or more GCSE qualifications including English and Mathematics against the local authority average of 46.7% and national average of 47%, and for three years between 2006 and 2009 had set deficit budgets of between 8% and 14%.

Closure
On 12 March 2009, it was announced that Jim Knight, Minister of State for Schools and Learners, had approved plans that would mean the closure of The St Augustine of Canterbury School.
The school was replaced in September 2010 by The Taunton Academy, which took pupils from St. Augustine's as well as nearby Ladymead Community School, which also closed. The new academy initially opened across both site of the predecessor schools; however, it is now housed in a refurbished and extended campus on the site of the former Ladymead School.

Future use
Following the introduction of Universal Infant Free School Meals, Somerset County Council created a production kitchen in the grounds of the former St Augustine campus. This is now able to produce over 2000 school meals per day for schools in the Taunton Deane area. The Local Authority have also consulted on relocating Selworthy Special School to the Lyngford Road site due to insufficient space at their current Selworthy Road site.

References

Defunct schools in Somerset
Educational institutions disestablished in 2010
Educational institutions established in 1956
1956 establishments in England
Schools in Taunton
Defunct Catholic schools in the Diocese of Clifton
Defunct Church of England schools
2010 disestablishments in England


Vitaliy Trukshin is a Soviet sprint canoeist who competed during the 1970s. He won four medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (K-1 4 x 500 m: 1973), two silvers (K-1 500 m: 1973, K-1 4 x 500 m: 1974), and a bronze (K-1 1000 m: 1978).

References

Living people
Soviet male canoeists
Year of birth missing (living people)
Russian male canoeists
ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in kayak


Paul Sample may refer to:

 Paul Sample (artist) (1896-1974), American artist known for artwork depicting 20th century New England
 Paul Sample (cartoonist) (born 1947), British cartoonist known for his strip Ogri
 Paul Sample (ice hockey) (born 1982), British ice hockey player


Neil Wilkinson (16 February 1955 – 2 August 2016) was an English footballer. A right-back, he made 112 league appearances in a nine-year career in the Football League, turning out for Blackburn Rovers, Port Vale, and Crewe Alexandra. He won the Third Division title with Rovers in 1974–75.

Career
Wilkinson began his career with Blackburn Rovers, beginning his apprenticeship in August 1971. He made his first-team debut in the FA Cup at Lincoln City on 18 November 1972. He turned professional in February 1973. Blackburn finished third in the Third Division in 1972–73 under the stewardship of Ken Furphy. They dropped to 13th in 1973–74, before new boss Gordon Lee guided them to promotion as champions in 1974–75. Jim Smith then took charge at Ewood Park, as Rovers retained their Second Division status with mid-table finishes in 1975–76 and 1976–77. Wilkinson was only a first-team regular for part of the 1975–76 season when Mick Heaton was out injured and was behind Derek Fazackerley and Kevin Hird in the pecking order during the 1976–77 campaign. Wilkinson then spent a brief time in South Africa, before he returned to England to join Fourth Division club Port Vale in June 1978. He played nine competitive games for Dennis Butler's "Valiants" in 1978–79, before being transferred to Warwick Rimmer's Crewe Alexandra, along with £3,000, in exchange for Kevin Tully in October 1978. The "Railwaymen" finished bottom of the Football League in 1978–79, and under Tony Waddington's stewardship had to re-apply for re-election again in 1979–80, before rising to 18th place in 1980–81.

Career statistics
Source:

Honours
Blackburn Rovers
Football League Third Division: 1974–75

References

1955 births
2016 deaths
Footballers from Blackburn
English men's footballers
Men's association football fullbacks
Blackburn Rovers F.C. players
Expatriate men's soccer players in South Africa
English expatriates in South Africa
Port Vale F.C. players
Crewe Alexandra F.C. players
English Football League players


Forchheimer spots are a type of enanthem seen as tiny red spots on the soft palate in rubella, measles and scarlet fever. They sometimes precede the skin rash of rubella.

The spots may be present in around 20% of people with rubella. The sign is named after Frederick Forchheimer.

References

Medical signs
Measles
Rubella
Scarlet fever


Víctor Hugo Cabrera is a Colombian actor, born 1968.

Cabrera is son to Ecuadorian artist Víctor Hugo Cabrera y Cácerez, member of musical theatre group Los Chaparrines, and radio actress Concha Potier.

Cabrera debuted as a radio and theatre actor as well in the 1970s. His film debut was in the 1976 movie La abuela, while his television debut was in the 1979 series Las aventuras de Tom Sawyer. He went on play mostly supporting roles in series, anthologies and telenovelas, one of the most famous being Peter Alexander Tuta in the 1988-1992 comedy Romeo y Buseta.

His first lead role was as Rafael Méndez in the 2006 RCN TV telenovela Hasta que la plata nos separe, opposite Marcela Carvajal. As of 2009, he stars in the Caracol TV telenovela Bermúdez, opposite Valentina Rendón.

References

External links
Official website
Colarte

20th-century Colombian male actors
Colombian male television actors
Colombian male telenovela actors
1968 births
Living people
21st-century Colombian male actors
Colombian male radio actors
Colombian male stage actors


Karl Oenike (1862–1924) was a German landscape painter, who participated in various scientific expeditions in South America during the years 1887-1891 as painter and photographer. He wrote detailed diaries,  made topographical maps, drawings, sketches, watercolors, oil paintings and photos during these expeditions, which give a valuable perspective of remote regions and populations, and of the difficulties encountered by German explorers in the 1880s. Few artists in the exotic art genre have depicted better the “magic of the forest” in his paintings.

Life and work
Karl Oenike was born in Berlin on April 9, 1862. He studied art in the Berliner Kunstakademie from 1879 to 1886 under Prof. Eugen Bracht :de:Eugen Bracht, who was a highly respected landscape painter of “oriental motives”.

In 1887 he was invited by Prof. Ludwig Brackebusch to participate in a geographical and geological expedition surveying the Andes mountains starting in the province of San Juan  to the province of Catamarca  in Argentina’s NW. He later participated in other expeditions to the NE of Argentina, Paraguay and Brasil.

During his stay in Buenos Aires, Argentina, he met Wilhelmine Fehling, whom he married in 1891 and with whom he moved back to Berlin. They had four daughters, Charlotte, Marie Henriette, Wilhelmine Gertrud and Luise Irmgard.

Upon his return to Berlin Karl Oenike pursued a career as landscape painter, mainly in northern Europe. He was commissioned to paint castles, sceneries, reproduce historic scenes, etc. and participated in several exhibitions. He was a very prolific artist, using various techniques like engraving, watercolor, oil painting, etc. His best known artwork is “Einzug der Pilger”, an engraving showing the entry of pilgrims into the village of Bethlehem around 1894, which has been widely reproduced in diverse publications. But actually most of his work was landscape painting, where he depicted his "personal vision of nature".

But his years in the Southern region of South America “occupied a very important position, yes, a good part of his life work”. He left various reports on his trips, some of which can be found in the library of the Society for Geography in Berlin and in the Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut in Berlin. And his drawings, engravings and photos appeared in various works about South America.

He died on April 11, 1924, at the age of 62.

Expeditions
1888 – Geological Expedition in the Andean region of Argentina led by Prof. Ludwig Brackebusch covering the provinces of San Luis, San Juan, La Rioja, Catamarca and Jujuy.
1888 – Expedition to Salta by himself
1889 – Ethnological Expedition to Paraguay led by Prof.A.Jordan to survey the Guayaki tribe, one of the last Stone Age groups in existence.

Drawings in publications
 Ludwig Brackebusch – “Die Kordillerenpässe zwischen der argentinischen Republik und Chile“ (The mountain crossings between Argentina and Chile), ed. Zeitschrift Gesellschat für Erdkunde, t.27, 1892
 Ludwig Brackebusch – “Das Bergmannsleben in der Argentinischen Republik” (The Life of Miners in Argentina), ed. Westermanns Monatshefte, T.75, March 1894, p. 749-771 includes 15 drawings by K.Oenike
 Karl Oenike – “Skizzen aus Argentinien” (Notes on Argentina); 14 p incl. 20 drawings, pub. Von Fels zum Meer (1896)
 Dr.P.Ehrenreich – “Neue Mitteilungen ueber die Guayaki (Steinzeitmenschen) in Paraguay” (New reports on the Guayaki (Stone Age tribe) in Paraguay) in Globus Zeitschrift, T.LXXIII, Nr.5, p. 1-6, Ed. By F.Vieweg & Son, Braunschweig, Germany (1898) includes 1 drawing by K.Oenike
 Moritz Kronfeld – “Bilder-Atlas zur Pflanzengeographie” (Picture Atlas of Plants), Bibliographisches Institut, 1908, 192 pp, includes drawings by K.Oenike
 Dr. Herman Ten Kate - “Exotisme in de Kunst” (Exotism in Art), Elserevier’s Geillustreerd Maandschrift, Year XXIII, T. XLVI (July–December 1913), Amsterdam, the Netherlands

Paintings
There is no complete listing of his work, but we can mention the following paintings which are mentioned in recent auction house listings: The arrival of the Pilgrims (Einzug der Pilger); By the water’s edge; Summer lake with lilies and reeds; High Mountain grove; Botanical Gardens- Rio de Janeiro; Landscape with river and figure; French river landscape with large trees and woman walking; Palms in the jungle of Paraguay (Palmenlichtung im Urwald von Paraguay); Figures in Paraguayan landscape; Old oaks; Oven by the wood; Bavarian moor; San Bernardino-Paraguay; Landscape of Argentina, Big Tree and some men (Motiv aus Argentinien); Oberburg Manderscheid; Hain im Riesengebirge; William Tell; Bondgard; Am Waldsaum; Waldlichtung;  Pappeln am Menkiner See; Bispinger, Feldweg auf einer Bergkuppe und Bauernhaus;  Dorfschmiede by Menkin, Uckermark; Schloss Dyck; Brazilian Mountain Lake (Brasilianischer Bergsee); In the mountains of Cordoba in Argentina (In den Bergen von Cordoba in Argentinien);

Exhibitions
This is only a partial listing.
 63. Ausstellung der Kgl. Akademie der Kuenste in Berlin (1892)
 Grosse Berliner Kunstausstellung, from 1893-1924 he regularly participated this annual Art Exhibition
 Kunstverein Bremen, Germany, 28. Grosse Gemalde Ausstellung (3.1 to 4.18.1892)
 Deutsche Kunstabteilung, Chicago World Exhibition (1893)
 Kunstverein Bremen, 29. Grosse Gemalde Ausstellung (March 1894)
 Kunstverein Bremen, 30. Grosse Gemalde Ausstellung (3.1 to 4.15.1896)
 Thuringer Ausstellungsverein Bildender Kunstler, Jena, Germany (May 1902)
 Kunstverein Wiesbaden, Germany, Ausstellung Internationaler Graphik des 19.Jahrhunderts (1912)

External links
Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin, Germany
Kunstverein Wiesbaden
 Katalog der Allgemeinen Kunstaustellung des Kunstvereins Bremen (1.6 – 30.9.1890)
 Thuringischer Ausstellungsverein Bildender Kunst (5-1902)
Elserevier’s Geillustreerd Maandschrift

Notes

1862 births
1924 deaths
Huguenots
19th-century German painters
19th-century German male artists
German male painters
20th-century German painters
20th-century German male artists
German landscape painters
20th-century German printmakers


The R. J. Neutra Elementary School is an elementary school on the Naval Air Station Lemoore Base located in the San Joaquin Valley, in Lemoore Station, Kings County, California.

Design
The school was built in 1960 from an earlier 1929 International style architectural design created by modernist architect Richard Neutra. It is a large single round "donut" structure radiating around a spacious open courtyard. The school's website describes it with: "Here one finds a "Civilian Island" of eleven acres in the midst of a military complex."

School
The R. J. Neutra Elementary School, grades K-5th, is within the Central Union School District.

School administrators created and buried a time capsule in 1993 to be opened "20 Years Later" in 2013.

School Activities
R. J. Neutra offers programs such as "Gifted and Talented" and "Mileage Club" and other scholastic groups, basketball, volleyball, track and field, and other sports teams.

Neutra Elementary School has currently won 3 California Distinguished Schools Awards and 2 National Blue Ribbon Schools Awards.

References

External links
 Official website

Richard Neutra buildings
Modernist architecture in California
International style architecture in California
San Joaquin Valley
Schools in Kings County, California
School buildings completed in 1960
Public elementary schools in California
Educational institutions established in 1960
1960 establishments in California


Erastes is the pen name of a female author from the United Kingdom, known for writing gay-themed historical and romantic fiction.

Erastes initially began writing gay fiction after initially having a start writing slash fiction set in the Harry Potter universe. She was also a director of the Erotic Authors Association (EAA) and the association flourished until 2010 when she handed the EAA over to new management.

Her best known works include Frost Fair, a bestselling novella published by Cheyenne Publishing in 2009, and Transgressions, a novel which was released in 2009 by Running Press in their M/M Historical Romance line and was a shortlisted nominee for a 2010 Lambda Literary Award in the Gay Romance category.

Bibliography

Novels
 Standish. A homoerotic Regency romance (2006)
 Transgressions (2009)
 Mere Mortals (2011)

Novellas
 Hard & Fast, anthology: Speak Its Name, published by Cheyenne Publishing, 2009,
 Frost Fair, published by Cheyenne Publishing, 2009,
 Tributary, anthology: The Last Gasp, published by Noble Romance Publishing, 2010,
 Muffled Drum, published by Carina Press 2011, ASIN: B005078OKG

Short stories
 "Whatever the Risk", anthology: Queered Dimensions, Queered Fiction
 "The Blue Train", anthology: Riding the Rails (Bold Strokes Books)
 "Drug Colours", anthology: Best Gay Short Stories (Lethe Press)
 "Show Don't Tell", MEN Magazine, March 2008
 "Fire & Ice", anthology: J is for Jealousy (Cleis Press)
 "Lifeline", anthology: Cruise Lines (Alyson Books)
 "Drug Color", anthology: Where the Boys Are (Cleis Press)
 "Ribinks", Drabbler Magazine
 "The Bird", anthology: Fast Balls (Alyson Books)
 "Matelotage", anthology: Treasure Trail (Alyson Books)
 "Lucky", anthology: Love in a Lock Up (Starbooks)
 "In the Dark", anthology: Ultimate Gay Erotica 2007 (Alyson Books)
 "My Best Customer", anthology: Travelrotica (Alyson Books)
 "Ten Kisses", anthology Connections (Iris Print)
 "Bright Souls", anthology: Ultimate Gay Erotica 2005 (Alyson Books)
 "Sin of the Tongue", anthology: Blasphemy (Torquere Press)
 "I Will", anthology With This Ring I Thee Bed, (Spice, 2011)

References

External links

1959 births
Living people
English historical novelists
English women novelists
People educated at Southend High School for Girls
English romantic fiction writers
Women romantic fiction writers
Women historical novelists


Joseph Sargent is an American film director.

Joseph Sargent may also refer to:
Joseph B. Sargent (1822–1907), U.S. politician
Joseph D. Sargent, American insurance executive
Joe Sargent (1893–1950), baseball player
Joe Sargent, minor character in H. P. Lovecraft's story The Shadow over Innsmouth


Brian D. Nieves is a former Republican member of the Missouri Senate, and a former majority whip in the Missouri House of Representatives.

Personal life

Nieves is a graduate of Pacific High School in Franklin County.  In 1984, Nieves enlisted in the United States Navy, serving ten years as a Hospital Corpsman, as a field medic alongside the Marines.

Following his military service, Nieves returned to Franklin County.

Nieves was the host of a morning talk radio show called "The Patriot Enclave" on KWMO 1350 AM  and functioned as KWMO's marketing director. He and his wife also operate Nieves Enterprises and Hwy 66 Auto Sales. Additionally, Nieves serves as a high school substitute teacher.

Bullying Behavior

According to the Southern Poverty Law Center, Nieves is "something of a bully. In August 2010, after winning the Senate primary, he pulled a gun on a man who worked for his opponent’s campaign."

In April 2013 an article in Gawker covered an exchange of emails with one of his constituents. This was also reported in the Huffington post in the same month. In the exchange Nieves insulted the constituent's appearance and suggested that if he typed slower the constituent may find it easier to understand.

In August 2010 the Riverfront Times published a link  to the 12 pages of a police report filed with the Washington Police department by Shawn Bell following an alleged verbal and physical attack by Nieves. In the report by Bell, he is said to have been hit with Nieves' spit in the face as well as kicked and punched while lying on the ground shirtless. He then forced Bell to call Nieves wife to apologize for letting her know that he had cheated on her, and to state it was not true. This was also reported in the Law and Order section of the Missouri State Dispatch.

In August 2010, Nieves was accused of assaulting an opponents' campaign worker, Shawn Bell, following a contentious primary election which Nieves won, during a visit by Bell to Nieves' campaign headquarters while he and his campaign manager were winding down the campaign. Nieves denied any assault had occurred and his campaign manager, who was present during the entire visit by Bell, concurred with this denial.  On September 10, 2010, Franklin County Prosecutor Bob Parks announced he would not be seeking criminal charges against Nieves, commenting that he could not prove that a criminal act had occurred. Shawn Bell announced in a statement that he still planned to file a civil lawsuit against Nieves.

Elected office
A new 98th District was created after redistricting following the 2000 census.  The 110th and 98th merged into the new (98th) District.  In 2002, Nieves ran to replace outgoing State Representatives May Scheve(D) and Francis Overschmidt(D).  Nieves won a primary race against Dave Bailey, and won a general election contest against Tom Herbst.  He won reelection in 2004, 2006, and 2008.  His term expired in 2010, at which point he ran to succeed John Griesheimer as a state senator. In 2014, Nieves ran an unsuccessful campaign for the position of Recorder of Deeds in Franklin County, Missouri, losing in the Republican primary. In January 2013, he was elected to Majority Whip of the Senate.

Electoral history

References

External links

Official Missouri State Senate profile

1965 births
Living people
United States Navy sailors
Republican Party members of the Missouri House of Representatives
Republican Party Missouri state senators
People from Washington, Missouri


"Down on the Farm" is a song written by Jerry Laseter and Kerry Kurt Phillips and recorded by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released in July 1994 as the third single from McGraw's 1994 album Not a Moment Too Soon. The song peaked at number 2 on the US Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart, behind Joe Diffie's "Third Rock from the Sun" and Toby Keith's "Who's That Man".

Critical reception
Billboard Magazine called the song a "backwoods party song."

Music video
The music video takes place in Tim McGraw's home state of Louisiana. It features him singing to a crowd. It was directed by his usual director of choice Sherman Halsey, who directed almost all of his music videos.

Chart positions
"Down on the Farm" debuted at number 67 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of July 16, 1994.

Year-end charts

References

1994 singles
1994 songs
Tim McGraw songs
Song recordings produced by Byron Gallimore
Song recordings produced by James Stroud
Music videos directed by Sherman Halsey
Curb Records singles
Songs written by Kerry Kurt Phillips


David Saunders may refer to:

David Saunders (American football player) (born 1976), American football player
David Saunders (American football coach) (born 1958), assistant football coach at the University of Louisiana-Lafayette
David Saunders (architect) (1928–1986), Australian architect and academic, taught at the Tin Sheds in Sydney in the 1970s
 David Saunders (artist), painter and sculptor, son of illustrator Norman Saunders
David Saunders (economist) (born 1956), Dean of the Smith School of Business from 2003 to 2019
David Saunders (ice hockey) (born 1966), Canadian ice hockey player
David Saunders (political strategist), Democratic political strategist and author
Dave Saunders (volleyball) (born 1960), American former volleyball player
David J. Saunders (1811–1873), Virginia businessman and politician


The William E. Massey, Sr., Lectures in the History of American Civilization is a series of public lectures held every one or two years at Harvard University since 1984. They are sponsored by the university's Program in the History of American Civilization. They were endowed by an anonymous donor in honor of William E. Massey, former president of the A.T. Massey Coal Company.

Lecturers
1984 - Eudora Welty, One Writer's Beginnings
1986 - Irving Howe, The American Newness: Culture and Politics in the Age of Emerson
1988 - Lawrence W. Levine, Highbrow/Lowbrow: The Emergence of Cultural Hierarchy in America
1988 - Conor Cruise O'Brien, God Land: Reflections on Religion and Nationalism
1990 - David Brion Davis, Revolutions: Reflections on American Equality and Foreign Liberations
1992 - Toni Morrison, Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination
1992 - Gore Vidal, Screening History
1994 - Eugene D. Genovese, The Southern Tradition
1995 - Alfred Kazin, Writing Was Everything
1996 - Stephen L. Carter, The Dissent of the Governed: A Meditation on Law, Religion, and Loyalty
1997 - Richard Rorty, Achieving Our Country: Leftist Thought in Twentieth-Century America
1999 - Andrew Delbanco, The Real American Dream: A Meditation on Hope
2000 - Maxine Hong Kingston To Be The Poet
2003 - E. L. Doctorow, Reporting the Universe
2004 - Robert Venturi and Denise Scott Brown, Architecture as Signs and Systems: For A Mannerist Time
2004 - John Demos, Circles and Lines: The Shape of Life in Early America
2005 - Jayati Ghosh, The Economics of the American Empire: Fierceness and Fragility
2008 - Joan C. Williams, Obama Eats Arugula: Reshaping the Electoral and Everyday Politics of Work and Family
2009 - Eric Foner, The Fiery Trial:  Abraham Lincoln and American Slavery
2011 - Sally Mann, If Memory Serves
2012 - Gish Jen, Tiger Writing: Art, Culture and the Interdependent Self
2013 - Greil Marcus, Three Songs, Three Singers, Three Nations
2015 - Linda Greenhouse, Just a Journalist: Reflections on Journalism, Life, and the Spaces Between
2017 - Winona LaDuke, Climate Change, Indigenous Resistance, and Forging a New Democracy: Thoughts for the Present Moment

Notes

External links
About the Massey Lectures American Studies, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University
Past Massey Lectures and Books, covering lectures from 1984 to 2003.
Lecture series at Harvard University
1986 establishments in Massachusetts
Recurring events established in 1986
History education in the United States


Shini (asomtavruli , nuskhuri , mkhedruli შ) is the 28th letter of the three Georgian scripts.

In the system of Georgian numerals it has a value of 900.

Shini commonly represents the voiceless palato-alveolar sibilant , like the pronunciation of  in "shoe".

Letter

Stroke order

Computer encodings

Braille

See also
Sh (digraph)

References

Bibliography
Mchedlidze, T. (1) The restored Georgian alphabet, Fulda, Germany, 2013
Mchedlidze, T. (2) The Georgian script; Dictionary and guide, Fulda, Germany, 2013
Machavariani, E. Georgian manuscripts, Tbilisi, 2011
The Unicode Standard, Version 6.3, (1) Georgian, 1991-2013
The Unicode Standard, Version 6.3, (2) Georgian Supplement, 1991-2013

Georgian letters


Gami may refer to:
Gämi, a village and suburb on the southeastern outskirts of Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
An alternative spelling for kami


Mark Stewart Gietzen (February 9, 1954 – May 14, 2023) was an American anti-abortion and conservative political activist. He lived in Wichita, Kansas, United States. He was the chairman and founder of the group Kansas Coalition for Life.  From 2004 to his death in 2023, he served continuously as the elected President of The Kansas Republican Assembly, a state affiliate of the National Federation of Republican Assemblies.

Anti-abortion activities
Gietzen was the chairman of the Kansas Coalition for Life. One of the major projects of this organization was to place crosses each day on public property in front of George Tiller's late-term abortion facility in Wichita. As part of this project, anti-abortion activists were present on public property in front of the facility whenever it was open for business.  Gietzen had protested the facility since 1978.
Gietzen was leading the movement for heartbeat legislation in Kansas, which would prevent abortion care from being provided if a fetal heartbeat is detected. This bill would be similar to legislation that passed the Ohio House. According to the Wichita Eagle, Gietzen felt it would withstand a US Supreme Court challenge. He was working to gather thousands of signatures requesting a special session of the Kansas legislature to take up this legislation.

Following the rejection of the anti-abortion Value Them Both amendment to the Constitution of Kansas, in which 59% of the participating electorate voted "no" on August 2, 2022, compared with 41% who voted "yes," Gietzen helped organize what The Kansas City Star described in August 21 news coverage as "baseless allegations of fraud." The Star reported that Gietzen helped set aside just under $120,000 to pay for a recount in nine Kansas counties. The recount, finalized on August 21, changed the outcome by fewer than 70 votes; the margin of victory for the "no" campaign had been about 165,000 votes. Gietzen responded to these events by calling for another round of recounting. A spokeswoman for Kansans for Life, the lead advocate of the Value Them Both proposal, acknowledged in a statement to The Star that the recount effort had no hope of changing the result and called for advocates to "move the cause of life forward in Kansas, not backwards."

Political activities
Gietzen was described by The Wichita Eagle as a "staunch conservative". As Vice Chairman of the Sedgwick County Republican Party, Gietzen became chairman of the party on August 13, 1992, after the resignation of the party chair. Gietzen went on to be elected chairman later in the year. In his role as chairman, he opposed a city sales tax increase, opposed Wichita taxpayer funding of art projects, converted a Democratic stronghold in the state of Kansas to a Republican stronghold, created a solid anti-abortion majority in the Sedgwick County Republican Party, and worked to elect Todd Tiahrt for Kansas' Fourth Congressional District. He resigned as chairman on June 10, 1996, to run for the Kansas State Senate. He was also a candidate for the same Kansas State Senate seat (28th district) in 1988 and 1992. In 2004, he lost in a Republican primary for the seat. In 2008, he ran in a primary for the Kansas State House in District 96.

At the Kansas Republican Party level, Gietzen worked to bring an anti-abortion leadership to the party during his chairmanship of the party in Sedgwick County. He served as president of the Kansas Republican Coalition for Life until his death. Gietzen publicly criticized former GOP state chairman Tim Shallenberger for welcoming Republicans who support abortion to the party, comparing him to President of the United States George W. Bush's failed Supreme Court nominee, Harriet Miers.

Gietzen was president of the Kansas Republican Action Assembly. This group is affiliated with the National Federation of Republican Assemblies.

Gietzen was featured prominently in several sections of What's the Matter with Kansas?, a 2004 book by liberal author Thomas Frank, and appeared as himself in a 2009 documentary film by the same title.

Other activities
Gietzen was the director of the Christian Singles Information-exchange and was previously employed as a Boeing procurement quality auditor. He wrote a book titled Is it a Sin for a Christian to Be a Registered Democrat in America Today? and discussed it on a segment of the June 25, 2001, broadcast of Hannity and Colmes.

In July 1986, Mark Gietzen was charged with battery (spousal abuse) of his first wife. As a result of this crime he was placed on probation for twelve months, and subsequently was divorced.  He affirmed these facts about his past in the course of a 1998 libel suit, which he lost, against State Senator Paul Feleciano.

In 1990, Mark Gietzen's ex-wife wrote a letter which was notarized, explaining the circumstances.  It was published in September 1992.  In the letter, she explained that while she signed a criminal complaint against her husband in 1986, she did not give accurate or complete information about the event to the court.  In her letter, she states that she had overdosed on drugs a few hours prior to the incident.  Coming back into the house while still under the influence, she began destroying household objects.  Gietzen's wife then physically attacked Gietzen himself by throwing household items at him, starting the incident.  Immediately after the fight, she intentionally broke a window, injuring herself, while Gietzen and their children were in another room.  The letter further indicated that prior to the incident, Gietzen had never once touched her in anger.  In the letter, she stated that she regrets signing the criminal complaint against her ex-husband.

Death
Mark Gietzen died in a small plane crash in Nebraska, at the age of 69.
The Cessna 172 he was piloting crashed on the evening of May 14, 2023, and he was pronounced dead on the afternoon of May 16, 2023, when the wreckage was found. Jalopnik noted a 2022 interview in which Gietzen stated that the cost of the recount would hinder his plans to maintain the Cessna.

References

1954 births
2023 deaths
Accidental deaths in Nebraska
Activists from Kansas
American anti-abortion activists
Boeing people
Kansas Republicans
People from Wichita, Kansas
Place of birth missing
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in the United States
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 2023


The Borough Welsh Congregational Chapel () is the mother chapel of the Welsh Congregational church in London, England. It is located at 90 Southwark Bridge Road in Southwark, a district also known as "The Borough".

The roots of the congregation date back to 1774. There has been a Welsh chapel on the current site since 1806, although the present building dates from 1870.

History
The history of the congregation goes back to 1774 when Edward Jones, an "exhorter" at Whitefield's Tabernacle, Moorfields, and a lay preacher, began to hold Welsh-language services in Cock Lane, Smithfield. (His trade was that of publican and spirit-merchant, resulting in his later nickname of "Ginshop Jones".) The services continued at Cock Lane until 1785 when Jones established a Welsh Calvinistic Methodist Chapel in Wilderness Row, Clerkenwell (now Clerkenwell Road).

Shortly afterwards a Welsh service commenced in Gravel Lane, Southwark, as a branch of the Wilderness Row congregation. A split came between the two congregations when Gravel Lane became completely Congregational and Wilderness Row completely Methodist. It appears that this was the beginning of the Welsh Chapel.

In 1806 a chapel was built in Little Guildford Street, Southwark. The chapel held about 500 people and cost £1200 to build leasehold.

Current building
About 1870 the freehold for the ground on which the chapel stood was purchased and a new chapel was built on the site. The foundation stone was laid on 31 July 1872 by Samuel Morley (MP) a famous Congregationalist, who donated £500 to the new chapel which was opened on Sunday, 23 February 1872. The Chapel today stands in the same place as the old chapel but instead of the entrance facing Little Guildford Street, it now faces Southwark Bridge Road. On 8 August 1881, David Simon Davies from Carmarthen College was ordained as the first Minister.

In the Burns' Day storm on 25 January 1990, part of the roof and two chimneys fell into the Chapel causing a great deal of damage. It took six months to rebuild the gallery, and during this time services were held in the vestry. The Chapel was re-opened on 22 November 1990.

Activities
The Chapel holds a bi-lingual service from 11am most 2nd, 3rd and 4th Sundays of the month. Services are often followed by lunch. Members have a strong commitment to the local and global community, and regularly raise money for a wide range of different charities.

Notes and references

External links

Congregationalism in Wales
Congregational churches in London
Churches in the London Borough of Southwark
Welsh diaspora in Europe
Grade II listed buildings in the London Borough of Southwark
Grade II listed churches in London


is an ancient Japanese given name for men. The name originally came from the word  which is the right guardhouse of the gates of Heian-kyō imperial palace during the Asuka period and Heian period.

In addition to hiragana and katakana, Iemon can be written using different kanji characters ( or ).

People
Iemon (伊右衛門 or 猪右衛門), an alternate name of Yamauchi Kazutoyo

Fictional characters

Tamiya Iemon (伊右衛門), a main character in Yotsuya Kaidan, a ghost story
The main character in Crest of Betrayal, a 1994 Japanese film adaptation of Yotsuya Kaidan
A main character in Ayakashi: Samurai Horror Tales, an animated horror anthology television series featuring an adaptation of Yotsuya Kaidan
Iemon, a minor character who appears in the video game and subsequent anime series Tales of the Abyss

Other uses
Iemon (伊右衛門), a brand of green tea drink released by Suntory and tea company Fukujyuen
Yemon (イエモン), an abbreviation of the Japanese rock band The Yellow Monkey

Japanese masculine given names
Masculine given names


Balettan is a 2003 Indian Malayalam-language family drama film directed by V. M. Vinu, written by T. A. Shahid, and produced by M. Mani. It stars Mohanlal in the title role, along with Devayani, Nedumudi Venu, Harisree Ashokan, Riyaz Khan, Innocent, and Jagathy Sreekumar. The film's songs were composed by M. Jayachandran, while the background score was provided by C. Rajamani. The film was released on 28 August 2003. Balettan was the highest-grossing Malayalam film of the year at the box office and ran over than 200 days in theatres. It won the Kerala Film Critics Association Awards for Best Popular Film. The film was remade in Telugu as Rajababu (2006).

Plot

Athaniparampil Balachandran (Balan) is an ordinary family man, living with his wife Radhika, two children, his younger brother and father, a locally respected retired postmaster. Balan struggles to balance his professional life amidst his multiple interests, which includes amateur theater and a penchant for helping others, including strangers. Nevertheless, he leads a cheerful life, with the support of his loving family, and has earned the status of being a major figure in the local society, earning the pet name Balettan (Balan, the elder brother).

However, his good samaritanism, amateur interests and carelessness leads to circumstances that leave him deep in debt and he even gets arrested for cheating on false charges. His father bails him out of the problems with his pension savings, and expects Balan to become more responsible towards his family.

One day, an unexpected cardiac arrest leaves Balan's father in the hospital, and right before his death, he confides to Balan about having another wife and daughter from an illicit relation, and asks him to take care of them, without letting the rest of his family or villagers knowing about the matter.

After his father's death, Balachandran tries to realign his life between the two families and struggles with it. His family starts suspecting him of having an affair, as he is spotted with his half-sister. Amid the chaos, a stranger named Bhadran comes into Balan's life with sinister intentions, and blackmails him, with an eye on his half-sister. The rest of the story tells how Balan manages to solve his problems, including Bhadran's threats and getting his second family accepted in the society.

Cast

 Mohanlal as Athaniparambil Balachandran (Balettan)
 Devayani as Radhika, Balachandran's wife
 Nedumudi Venu as Gopalan Menon, Balachandran's father
 Sudha as Lekshmi, Balachandran's mother
 Sudheesh as Sudhi, Balachandran's younger brother
 Lakshana as Nithya, Balachandran's younger sister
 Riyaz Khan as Bhadran
 Jagathy Sreekumar as K. K. Pisharadi
 Harisree Ashokan as Manikandan
 Nithya Das as Devaki, Balachandran's younger half-sister
 Innocent as Achuthan / Achumama
 Indrans as Koya
 Nandhu as Sukumaran
 Kalasala Babu as Raghavan, Radhika's father
 Bhavani as Sreedevi, Balachandran's father's second wife
 Salu Kuttanadu as Neelandan
 Vimal Raj as Basheer
 Gopika Anil as Vidya, elder daughter of Balachandran
 Keerthana Anil as Aarya, younger daughter of Balachandran
 Kalabhavan Mani as Musthafa (cameo appearance)

Soundtrack
The film features songs were composed by M. Jayachandran with lyrics by Gireesh Puthenchery. The background score was provided by C. Rajamani.

Box office
The film was released on 28 August 2003 during the month of Onam festival. Balettan was a commercial success at the box office, becoming the highest-grossing Malayalam film of the year. The film gave box office success to Mohanlal after a gap of almost two years, which according to Rediff.com, "helped him regain the No.1 spot". It was also the first major box office success of director Vinu.

Awards

References

External links

2003 films
2000s Malayalam-language films
Indian family films
Indian drama films
Malayalam films remade in other languages
Films shot in Thrissur
Films shot in Palakkad
Films shot in Ottapalam
Films scored by M. Jayachandran
Films directed by V. M. Vinu


The Silver Slugger Award is awarded annually to the best offensive player at each position in both the American League (AL) and the National League (NL), as determined by the coaches and managers of Major League Baseball (MLB). These voters consider several offensive categories in selecting the winners, including batting average, slugging percentage and on-base percentage, in addition to "coaches' and managers' general impressions of a player's overall offensive value." Managers and coaches are not permitted to vote for players on their own team. The Silver Slugger was first awarded in 1980 and is given by Hillerich & Bradsby, the manufacturer of Louisville Slugger bats. The award is a bat-shaped trophy, 3 feet (91 cm) tall, engraved with the names of each of the winners from the league and plated with sterling silver.

Among shortstops, Barry Larkin is the leader in Silver Slugger Awards, with nine wins between 1988 and 1999, including five consecutive awards (1988–1992). Larkin is fourth all-time in Silver Slugger wins among all positions, behind outfielder Barry Bonds, catcher Mike Piazza and third baseman Alex Rodriguez, who won his first seven awards at shortstop before a position change. Hall of Famer Cal Ripken Jr. won eight Silver Sluggers as a shortstop from 1983 to 1993. Derek Jeter won five Silver Sluggers as a shortstop (2006–2009; 2012), while Ian Desmond (2012–2014), Alan Trammell (1987–1988, 1990), Édgar Rentería (2000; 2002–2003) and Xander Bogaerts (2015–2016; 2019) won three.

Rodriguez' offensive statistics in his seven Silver Slugger-winning seasons lead American League and major league shortstops in most categories; his batting average of .358 and .631 slugging percentage in 1996, .420 on-base percentage in 2000 and 57 home runs in 2002 are records among winning shortstops. The lone category in which Rodriguez does not lead the American League is runs batted in (RBI), where Miguel Tejada is the leader; he batted in 150 runs in 2004. The RBI leader in the National League is Trevor Story, who batted in 108 runs in 2018. In contrast, Rodriguez collected RBI totals over 110 (ranging from 111 in 1999 to 142 in 2002) in all of his Silver Slugger-winning seasons, highlighting the difference in power and production between American League and National League shortstops. Other National League leaders include Larkin and Hanley Ramírez, who led in batting average (Larkin and Ramírez batted .342 in 1989 and 2009 respectively) and on-base percentage (Larkin and Ramírez with .410 in 1996 and 2009 respectively), along with Rich Aurilia, who leads in slugging percentage (.572, 2001). Aurilla is also tied with Story as the National League leader in home runs (Aurilla and Story hit 37 in 2001 and 2018 respectively). Though he has never played in the National League, Rodriguez' 40 or more home runs in six of his seven winning seasons at shortstop are greater than any total hit by a National League winner at third base.

Key

American League winners

National League winners

References

Inline citations

External links
Louisville Slugger – The Silver Slugger Award

Silver Slugger Award
Awards established in 1980


Postal history in the territory that now constitutes Latvia began during the 13th century, when the Archbishopric of Riga was included to the area of postal operations of the Monastic state of the Teutonic Knights and the Hanseatic League. In 1580 the Hanseatic League issued their first known regulations on courier work and payroll (), regulations that also were active in the territory that now constitutes Latvia.

Livonian Postal Service
From 1581 to 1621, when Riga was under the rule of the Duchy of Livonia, and also from 1621 to 1710, when it was a part of Swedish Livonia, postal services were used only for governmental purposes. In the 16th century several postal organisations existed — for governmental purposes, as well as for clerics, universities, cities and merchants. In 1632 the Postmaster General of Prussia and Livonia, Jacob Becker, who was appointed in Swedish Livonia by the King of Sweden, organised the first regular public postal service. Initially, the postal service was the private property of the Postmaster General, who also received annual funding from the Riga City Council and the Governors of Swedish Livonia. In 1644 the Livonian Postal Service was linked to the Stockholm Postal Service routes in Finland.
In 1685 the Duke of Courland Friedrich Casimir initiated his own postal service and asked the Swedish authorities to cease their postal operations within his territory, but King Charles XI of Sweden ignored his request and stood for his rights in Courland. On 5 July 1710, Russian troops under the command of Tsar Peter I of Russia took over Riga and made it a part of the Russian Empire.

World War I

During World War I, Latvia was occupied by Germany, and used German stamps overprinted by the Ober Ost.

In 1919, German stamps were handstamped "LIBAU", but it was unclear whether they were officially issued; all used copies are cancelled to order.

Independent Latvia

Latvia proclaimed its independence on 18 November 1918, and issued its first stamps on 18 December.  The design was a depiction of the country's Coat of Arms.  Unusually, since paper was in short supply, the first printings were on the backs of leftover German military maps; by 1919, paper with ruled lines was in use.

Latvia issued a variety of definitive and commemorative stamps through the 1920s and 1930s.  Definitives used variations on a design featuring the arms, surmounted by three stars, representing Vidzeme, Courland, and Latgale.

World War II

As part of the Soviet occupation of Latvia in 1940, a series of 13 stamps were issued, depicting the arms of Soviet Latvia and inscribed "Latvijas // PSR".

These were shortly superseded by the occupation of Latvia by Nazi Germany.  At first existing stocks of Soviet stamps were used, overprinted "LATVIJA // 1941 // 1. VII", then the stamps for the Reichskommissariat Ostland and regular German stamps came into use, in October 1941.

In April 1945, Germans stamps were overprinted "KURLAND" and used in the Courland Pocket.

Soviet era

Post-war, Latvia reverted to the use of Soviet stamps.

Restoration of independence

With the restoration of independence, Latvia resumed its own stamp program in 1991.

See also
Latvijas Pasts
Joint issues of Latvia
Postage stamps and postal history of Estonia

References

 pasts.lv Vēsture

External links

 Latvijas Pasts website

Further reading

Communications in Latvia
History of Latvia by topic
Latvia


Polygamy is illegal in France and has been the center of recent political debates, due to surges of Malian immigrants living polygamously in the country. Due to such, stricter laws have been enforced to stomp out polygamy.

In the 1970s and 1980s, large numbers of polygamous immigrants arrived in France, and their marriages that were performed abroad were generally recognized by France.
Since 1993, France no longer recognizes second spouses in marriages performed abroad (before that date, visas were granted freely to family members of immigrants until 1993).

The Economist estimates that in France, 200,000 people live in 16,000 to 20,000 polygamous families, almost all of them Muslims of North or central African heritage. Several politicians stated that they perceived polygamy as a contributing cause of the 2005 French riots.

Islam and polygamy in France
The issue of polygamy in France is tied to the topics of Islam in France, immigration to France, and the French colonial empire in Muslim majority countries. Polygamy, along with burqa, forced marriages and female genital mutilation, has been the subject of political controversy in France in the context of debates about immigration.

After a Muslim woman was arrested by French police for wearing a headscarf while driving, Interior Minister Brice Hortefeux sought to remove her husband's citizenship due to allegations of polygamy. The husband, Algerian-born Lies Hebbadj, responded "If we are stripped of nationality, for having mistresses... then there would be a lot of French people stripped of nationality. As far as I know, mistresses are not forbidden, neither in France, nor in Islam."

In December 2020, Prime Minister Emmanuel Macron's cabinet introduced a draft bill addressing polygamy as a response to perceived Islamic radicalism. The bill would deny immigrants French residency in France if they were found to be polygamous, and future marriages would be canceled if authorities conclude that they were forced. In February 2021, the French National Assembly passed the bill.

Mayotte
Polygamy was legal in the French island territory of Mayotte until 2009. This changed, however, when 95% of Mayotte citizens voted on March 29, 2009 to become the 101st department of France. Due to such, the island was forced to bar all forms of polygamous unions and other forms of practices that "contradict with French culture", including child marriages. The island was consequently required to disallow recognizing polygamy by 2011, when the vote became effective.

References

Marriage in France
Culture of Mayotte
France
France


The Cross Border Orchestra of Ireland (CBOI) is one of Ireland's primary youth orchestras. Based at the Dundalk Institute of Technology in County Louth, the CBOI maintains a membership of 160 young musicians between the ages of 12 and 24 years from both sides of the border.

History

The CBOI was established in 1995 shortly after the implementation of the Peace Process and is recognised internationally as one of Ireland's flagship peace initiatives.

Events

The CBOI tours regularly to Europe and America and has sold out such prestigious venues as Carnegie Hall, in New York and Chicago's Symphony Hall.  In April 2008 the Orchestra performed at the 400th Anniversary of the Flight of the Earls in Rome. In October 2009, the orchestra traveled to New York and Washington to play at the Lincoln Center and at Fairfields Cross Cultural Youth Festival. In October 2012, the orchestra traveled to London and performed in the Royal Albert Hall.

See also
 List of youth orchestras

References

Youth orchestras
European youth orchestras


The Camcon binary actuator is an electronically-controlled electromagnetic actuation device that physically moves in between 2 stable states. Unlike a solenoid the binary actuator technology (BAT) only uses energy when switching in between states. It does not require a constant current running through it.

Design and operation
The binary actuator consists of an electromagnet that polarizes a rod resting in between 2 magnetic poles that are situated by one end of the rod. The charge on the rod then experiences attraction to one pole or another, causing the end of the rod to attach to one of the two poles of the magnetic circuit. When one end of the rod moves to one magnetic pole, the rod pivots on its midpoint and the other end of the rod moves in the opposite direction. This movement can be used to control a valve sealing or opening a passage.

This design is bistable, meaning it will remain in either position until prompted to adopt its other stable state via the process as described above. The end of the rod will always remain in contact with one pole or the other, even when there is no current flowing through the system.
Part of the force of attraction is stored in springs while the rod remains in either position to aid in accelerating the rod towards its other position when the magnetic flux is reversed. This conserves energy whenever the magnetic field switches, in turn using less energy to switch into either position. This makes the Binary actuator energy efficient

Forces involved
The following formula can be used to compute forces and moments:

Fp= Φ2 P/4

Where Fp [ N] = pressure force,  Φ [mm] is orifice diameter, and P[ bar] is the pressure difference at inlet

Δ F= Fh-Fp

Where Fh [ N] is the holding force and Fp [ N] is the pressure force

Fs= Fh/cos a

Where Fs [ N] is the spring force, Fh [ N] is the holding force, and a [deg] =Spring declination angle

Fr= Fh tan(a)

Where Fr [ N] is the rotating force, Fh [ N] is holding force and a [deg] .= Spring declination angle

Ms=Fr (r-K)cos c

Where Ms [Nm] is reversing momentum that is caused by spring force, Fr [ N] is the rotating force,K [mm] = the spring fitting offset, and c [deg] is the pivoting force projection angle

Mp=Δ F  Φ/2

Where Mp [Nm]-reversing momentum caused by pressure and Φ [mm] is the orifice diameter

Mr=Ms+Mp

Where Mr [Nm] = effective reversing momentum, Ms [Nm] is reversing momentum that is caused by spring force, and Mp [Nm]-reversing momentum caused by pressure and Φ [mm] is the orifice diameter

Mh=Fm L

Where Mh [Nm] is the holding momentum, Fm [N]=magnetic force, and L [mm] is the Swing bar’s effective length

And In order to maintain the valve in a closed state Fh must be greater than Fp.

History
The Camcon binary actuator was developed by Wladyslaw Wygnanski. The developmental principle of BAT was an internal energy recycling concept which was first applied to generate a fast responding pneumatic horn valve with high energy efficiency for an air powered sound source loudspeaker. Subsequently, Wygnanski developed a series of inventions in the patent class, “permanent or constantly energized magnet actuator”. By the late 1990s, he made a conscious decision to refocus the development of BAT and joined with Camcon in further development of the technology.

Application of Camcon binary actuation
While the technology was originally proposed for use in reducing noise in the aircraft industry, or to control liquid nitrogen flow in spacecraft from NASA, Camcon took the technology of the binary actuator as a means to control flow of fluid and gases in oil and gas industries, automotive industries, and more recently in healthcare.

Oil and gas industries
Control of Gas Lift Technique(way of moving oil to surface by pumping gas bubbles into drill lines) electronically and efficiently rather than manual machine intervention.

Automotive industries
Used in anti-locking brake systems for trucks, parking brakes, and digitally driven engine valves.

A series of patents assigned to Camcon such as the 2005 patent for "Electromagnetic fluid flow control valve" using the binary actuator technology have been used in the automotive industry.

Health care
Recently Camcom have used BAT in the health care industry to provide a precise and accurate method of delivery of oxygen to a patient. It would be used to shut off or regulate oxygen flow using a series of valves. Additional areas where Camcon has disclosed BAT may be applied in healthcare include implantable devices within the human body, mechanical aids, such as prosthetics and blood circulation support and accurate laboratory dispensing equipment, which can also be applied to drug dosing and delivery.

Alternate applications of binary actuation
Another application is in robotics. The design of these systems, while they still use the same principle (having 2 home states), are vastly different and are unrelated to the Camcon binary actuation technology. Binary robotics devices are capable of executing practical tasks, such as instrument placement for planetary exploration. Robotics are envisioned to use Binary actuators as they are smaller and less complex than conventional servos and better suited, for example, for legged locomotion through rough terrain. One such extension of the binary actuator is the dielectric Elastomer actuation (DEA). The DEA is an application of binary actuation described by Jean-Sebastien Plante and Steven Dubowsky. One of their applications uses the binary principle of flipping between the two stable states, but using a diamond shaped frame instead of a rocking rod. Elastic bands store energy similar to the springs of the BAT design.

Another application of the principles used by BAT is in articulated binary elements (ABEs), One such design consists of bi-stable mechanisms sandwiched by flexible beams. The actuators can be mounted surrounding a joint in a similar fashion to the muscles in the human elbow or knee.  Experimental prototype binary devices and elements have been designed and constructed. The Binary Robotic Articulated Intelligent Device (BRAID) and a design of a six legged walking robot capable of walking in rough terrain are examples.

Patents
Sound pressure active transformer, (1983).
Electromagnetic actuators, (1989).
Improved electro-magnetically operable device, (2004).
Improved actuator requiring low power for actuation for remotely located valve operation and valve actuator combination, (2007).
Electromagnetic fluid flow control valve, (2007).
Rotary electromagnetic actuator, (2017).

See also
Articulated robot

Kinetic energy recovery system

References

Actuators
Gas technologies
Digital technology


Stephen Easmon Davies (born 16 July 1960) is an English former footballer who played as a midfielder for Congleton Town, Port Vale, Northwich Victoria, Altrincham, and South Liverpool. His son is rugby international Marcus Holden.

Career
Davies played for Congleton Town, which was formed in 1901, (North West Counties League), before joining John Rudge's Port Vale in December 1987. He came on as a substitute five times, and started one game, in the 1987–88 Third Division campaign. He did not feature at Vale Park in the 1988–89 season, and was instead loaned out to Conference club Northwich Victoria in a three-month deal in February 1989. His contract with the "Valiants" was cancelled in July 1989, at which point he moved on to Altrincham (Conference) and then South Liverpool (Northern Premier League).

Personal life
Davies' father was born in Ghana and moved to Liverpool in the early 1950s. Davies is the second eldest of four children. His son is Cypriot cricket and rugby union international Marcus Holden.

Career statistics
Source:

References

1960 births
Living people
Footballers from Liverpool
Black British sportsmen
English people of Ghanaian descent
English men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Congleton Town F.C. players
Port Vale F.C. players
Northwich Victoria F.C. players
Altrincham F.C. players
South Liverpool F.C. players
English Football League players
National League (English football) players
Northern Premier League players


Auf Wiedersehen, Auf Wiederseh'n, or Auf Wiedersehn may refer to:

 "Auf Wiedersehen" (song), a 1978 song by Cheap Trick
Auf Wiedersehen (Red Garland album), 1971
Auf Wiedersehn (Demis Roussos album), 1974
Auf Wiedersehen (Equinox album), 1989
Auf Wiedersehen (film), 1961  West German comedy film

See also
Auf Wiedersehen, Pet, British TV comedy


John Brancato and Michael Ferris are a former American screenwriting duo, whose notable works include The Game, Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines, Terminator Salvation, Surrogates and The Hunter's Prayer. Brancato and Ferris met while at college, where both were editors of The Harvard Lampoon. The two have also been credited pseudonymously under the names Henry Dominic and Henry Dominick.  Their partnership ended in 2015. Ferris has since separately written two episodes of The Simpsons, "Paths of Glory" and "From Russia Without Love", and the video game adaptation Dead Rising: Endgame.

Filmography

Film writers
 Watchers II (1990)
 Bloodfist II (1990) (John Brancato's uncredited story role)
 Femme Fatale (1991)
 Into the Sun (1992)
 Interceptor (1992)
 The Net (1995)
 The Game (1997)
 Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines (2003)
 Catwoman (2004)
 Primeval (2007)
 Terminator Salvation (2009)
 Surrogates (2009)
 The Hunter's Prayer (2017)

Credited as Henry Dominic
 The Unborn (1991)
 Severed Ties (1992)
 Mindwarp (1992)

Television

References

External links
 Delusional Films (their production company)

20th-century American screenwriters
21st-century American screenwriters
American male screenwriters
Screenwriting duos
Living people
The Harvard Lampoon alumni
American male television writers
Year of birth missing (living people)


Parathyroiditis is a condition involving inflammation of the parathyroid gland.It can be associated with hyperparathyroidism, though most cases are asymptomatic.

References

Parathyroid disorders
Inflammations


The government of Trinidad and Tobago officially recognises a number of holidays and celebrations from most represented groups. The following holidays are those that are officially observed in Trinidad and Tobago:

Public Holidays

Carnival Dates
The table shows a list of Trinidad and Tobago Carnival dates from 2009 to 2020.

Other Holidays

 Muslim schools get a day off on Eid-al-Adha every year and some businesses close on this day.
 On the 13th of October 2017, the government declared this day a public holiday (First Peoples' Day) but was only declared a public holiday for the year 2017 only.

References

See also

Trinidad and Tobago
Society of Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago culture
Events in Trinidad and Tobago


"She's My Kind of Rain" is a song written by Tommy Lee James and Robin Lerner, and recorded by American country music artist Tim McGraw.  It was released in January 2003 as the third single from his album Tim McGraw and the Dancehall Doctors.  It peaked at number 2 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs chart, and at number 27 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart.

Content
"She's My Kind of Rain" is a ballad in which the narrator describes his wife in an abstract fashion.

Critical reception
The song earned a Broadcast Music Incorporated award for reaching Number One on the former Radio & Records country singles charts. It also received a Grammy Award nomination for Best Country Vocal Performance-Male at the 46th Grammy Awards.

Music video
The music video was directed by Tim's usual director of choice: Sherman Halsey. McGraw's wife, Faith Hill is featured at the end of the video, as are their three daughters, Gracie, Maggie and Audrey. It was filmed in London, England, and shows Tim walking with a cloak on, and him performing the song in a royal dining room of a restaurant. It premiered on CMT on November 22, 2002, two months before its official release as a single; the music video version is 4:33, complete with a full ending. However, this version is unavailable on any of McGraw's greatest hits compilations.

Chart positions
"She's My Kind of Rain" re-entered the charts as an official single at number 47 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the chart week of January 25, 2003. The song reached a peak of number 2 on the Billboard country singles charts in May 2003, behind Darryl Worley's "Have You Forgotten?".

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

2003 singles
Tim McGraw songs
Songs written by Tommy Lee James
Song recordings produced by Byron Gallimore
Song recordings produced by Tim McGraw
Music videos directed by Sherman Halsey
Country ballads
Songs written by Robin Lerner
Curb Records singles
2002 songs


Felix Masár (born December 2, 1955 in Šamorín) is a Slovak sprint canoeist who competed for Czechoslovakia in the late 1970s and early 1980s. He won a bronze medal in the K-1 1000 m event at the 1979 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Duisburg.

Masár also competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, finishing sixth in the K-1 1000 m and eighth in the K-1 500 m events.

References

 Sports-reference.com profile

1955 births
Canoeists at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Czechoslovak male canoeists
Slovak male canoeists
Living people
Olympic canoeists for Czechoslovakia
ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in kayak


Jubilation! was a daytime parade from Tokyo Disneyland that ran from 2008 to 2013.

History
The parade began April 15, 2008 in honor of the 25th anniversary of Tokyo Disney Resort and Tokyo Disneyland. It consists of nine colorful floats that feature several Disney characters in fantastical worlds. Minnie Mouse leads the parade and Mickey Mouse and friends close it.

During the 25th anniversary year, from April 15, 2008 to April 14, 2009, the parade would stop for show mode four times during its course, once in part A and once in part B at every section of the parade route. The average number of show mode stops for a Tokyo Disneyland parade is three. In the show mode, a specially arranged version of the song "What Time Is It?" from High School Musical 2 mixed in with the 25th Anniversary theme song "Dream Goes On" would play and guests would be asked to clap their hands and dance along in celebration. Since April 15, 2009, the parade has carried out without stopping for a show mode and removed the "25" from the final float.

Parade Units
Opening Unit: Minnie Mouse, Blue Fairy and Flora, Fauna and Merryweather.
Princess Garden Unit: This pageantry of princesses celebrates Disney royalty. Cinderella and Belle accompanied by their respective princes, ride in a garden of topiaries with woodland creatures, birds and more. Cinderella’s dress playfully twirls like a turntable, while Swan Court couples lead the 50-foot-long majestic float, capped off with a special appearance by Princess Aurora.
Forest Friends Unit: Characters from Song of the South, The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh, Pocahontas and Fantasia 2000 feature in this float.
Jungle Safari Unit: Who better than Simba from the 1994 animated film The Lion King or Baloo and Mowgli from the 1967 animated film The Jungle Book to embody the spirit of adventure? A high rock overlooks the exuberant jungle flora, while the percussion and shimmering colours release the wild instincts of an exotic world where, fortunately, it takes very little to be happy.
Lilo & Stitch Unit: Based on the 2002 animated film.
Pirate Moon Unit: Based on the 1953 animated film Peter Pan. From Skull Rock to another, this one is in the shape of a skull and serves as the throne of Captain Hook. Peter Pan is close by, at the helm of a ship suspended beneath an immense, dreamlike moon.
Bubbles unit: This unit culminates with a 90-foot-long magical caravan of characters featuring The Three Little Pigs, Pinocchio and Dumbo. The circus clowns were in a splashy carnival of color. There’s Pegasus horses, The Hippos and The Alligators from Fantasia, also the sassy Bubble Girls and The Ringmaster celebrating as well.
Pixar Pals Unit: Characters from Toy Story, Monsters, Inc. and The Incredibles feature in this float. A half of the float that features a large clear globe with plastic balls bouncing around inside with Buzz Lightyear atop the float in a rocket, was rumored to receive a twin for Disney California Adventure's daytime parade Pixar Play Parade. The Little Green Men spaceship (but cannot move), Mr. Incredible and Elastigirl ride on the individual "hovercraft" which were a rumored to receive a twin for Pixar Play Parade as well.
Finale: Mickey Mouse and his friends, Pluto, Goofy, Donald Duck, Daisy Duck, Chip 'n' Dale, Clarice and Tinkerbell.

After being replaced
After the parade was replaced with Happiness is Here Parade, the Princess Garden and Bubbles units were relocated to the Magic Kingdom and are used for their current daytime parade called Festival of Fantasy Parade. The Jungle Safari and Pirate Moon units were relocated to Disneyland Park in Paris and is used for their current daytime parade called Disney Stars on Parade, which premiered in 2017 as part of the park's 25th anniversary celebration. A few of the performers' costumes from the Jungle Safari and Lilo & Stitch units were rumored to receive a twin to Disneyland's daytime parade Mickey's Soundsational Parade's The Little Mermaid unit. The individual "hovercraft" from the Pixar Pals unit were relocated to Disneyland Paris and used for some of their special events. The Little Green Men spaceship from the Pixar Pals unit were relocated to Disneyland and used for the nighttime parade Paint The Night Parade.

See also
Pixar Play Parade
Mickey's Soundsational Parade

References

Former Walt Disney Parks and Resorts attractions
Walt Disney Parks and Resorts parades
Tokyo Disneyland
Amusement rides introduced in 2008
Amusement rides that closed in 2013
2008 establishments in Japan
2013 disestablishments in Japan


In theoretical physics, little string theory is a non-gravitational non-local theory in six spacetime dimensions that can be obtained as an effective theory of NS5-branes in the limit in which gravity decouples. Little string theories exhibit T-duality, much like the full string theory.

References

String theory


Aaron Feltham (born April 16, 1982, in Goderich, Ontario) is a Canadian water polo player.

Feltham's professional career began at the age of 16, when he left home to play for the Ottawa Titans. Feltham played two years apiece with the Canada B water polo team and the junior national team. In 2007-08, he played in the top men's division in Hungary with Brendon ZF UPC Eger. In 2008, he was part of the Canada men's national water polo team, which took 11th out of 12 positions at the 2008 Summer Olympics. Most recently, Feltham plays professionally as a driver and hole checker for the club team Egri Vízilabda Klub in Eger, Hungary.

References
Aaron Feltham at NBColympics.com

External links

  (archive)

1982 births
Aquatic sportspeople from Ontario
Canadian male water polo players
Living people
Olympic water polo players for Canada
People from Goderich, Ontario
Sportspeople from Huron County, Ontario
Water polo players at the 2007 Pan American Games
Water polo players at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2011 Pan American Games
Pan American Games silver medalists for Canada
Pan American Games bronze medalists for Canada
Pan American Games medalists in water polo
Medalists at the 2011 Pan American Games
20th-century Canadian people
21st-century Canadian people


St. Mary IC School is a Roman Catholic K-8 school in Guttenberg, Iowa, United States. It formerly had a high school division that operated from 1921 to 1968. It is within the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dubuque.

History
The early clergy for this French and German immigrant people were missionaries traveling the Mississippi as early as 1833. The first resident pastor, Rev. G.H. Plahte, was assigned in 1851. The most significant pastor, in relation to St. Mary School, was Rev. J. H. Brinkmann, who built the present (junior high) brick structure in 1894 and the high school addition in 1921. In 1894 the enrollment was 160, with four Sisters teaching.

The school opened in 1853, and it received a two-story facility in 1860. It had 72 students in 1882. The school had four faculty, all nuns, and 160 students in 1894, when the current building was constructed at a cost of $5000. The brick building had a bluff stone basement and was at the dimensions  by . Groundbreaking was June 13, 1894.

Initially a grade school, it received a high school section which had its building constructed in 1921 and in 1925 received accreditation. A new elementary building was constructed in 1962 for $130,000. In 1968, Immaculate Conception School in North Buena Vista merged into St. Mary's and the high school closed. The high school closed as part of the Archdiocesan reorganization of schools.

Circa 2000 145 students attended the school.

Religious who served St. Mary
Through the years, Sisters of various communities have staffed St. Mary School: Franciscan Sisters of Perpetual Adoration from LaCrosse, Sisters of St. Francis of Dubuque, Sisters of Notre Dame of Omaha, Sisters of Mercy from Detroit and Sisters of Charity, BVM, of Dubuque.

References

External links
 St. Mary IC School

Guttenberg, Iowa
Buildings and structures in Clayton County, Iowa
Defunct Catholic secondary schools in Iowa
Educational institutions disestablished in 1968
1851 establishments in Iowa


List of speakers of the House of Representatives of Trinidad and Tobago.

Below is a list of speakers of the Legislative Assembly 1950–1961:

Below is a list of speakers of the House of Representatives of Trinidad and Tobago:

Footnotes

Sources
  Official website of the Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago

Politics of Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago


Pygmy refers to a member of any human group whose adult males grow to less than a specific height.

Pygmy may also refer to:

Pygmy (Greek mythology), a tribe of diminutive humans in Greek mythology
Pygmy (novel), 2009 novel by Chuck Palahniuk

See also
 - includes many animals with names of form "Pygmy [noun]"
 - a rarer alternative spelling
 - includes animals with names of form "[Adjective] pygmy [noun]"
Pygmy forest, forest which only contains miniature trees
Forest of the Pygmies, original title El bosque de los pigmeos, 2004 novel by Isabel Allende
King of the Pygmies, 2005 young adult novel by Jonathon Scott Fuqua